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mizani:<br />
viswavloT amocanebis<br />
amoxsna<br />
aTobiTi poziciuri<br />
sistemis<br />
gamoyenebiT<br />
Tavi I. gayofadoba<br />
§1.1. amocanebi naturaluri ricxvis Caweraze<br />
Tvlis Sedegad miRebul ricxvebs naturaluri ricxvebi<br />
ewodeba. naturaluri ricxvebia 1, 2, 3, 4, . . . .<br />
ricxvebis Casawerad specialur simboloebs, cifrebs viyenebT.<br />
yvelaze gavrcelebulia aTobiTi poziciuri sistema,<br />
romelSic gamoiyeneba aTi cifri: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. am<br />
sistemaSi Cawerili ricxvi - 5327 oTxniSna ricxvia (mis CanawerSi<br />
oTxi cifria gamoyenebuli), romelic 5 aTaseulis, 3<br />
aseulis, 2 aTeulis da 7 erTeulis jamis mokle Canawers warmoadgens.<br />
Tu am ricxvs Tanrigobrivi Sesakrebebis jamis saxiT CavwerT, miviRebT:<br />
5327=5·1000+3·100+2·10+7·1=5x10 3 +3x10 2 +2x10 1 +7<br />
amocana 1. CavweroT umciresi aTniSna naturaluri ricxvi, romelSic yvela cifri<br />
iqneba gamoyenebuli.<br />
amoxsna: radgan sul aTi cifri gvaqvs, aTniSna ricxvis Casawerad TiToeuli cifris<br />
mxolod erTxel gamoyeneba SegviZlia. umciresi ricxvis misaRebad maRal TanrigebSi<br />
SesaZlo umciresi cifrebi unda CavweroT. amasTan, Canaweris 0-iT dawyeba<br />
ar SeiZleba, amitom pirveli cifri iqneba 1, momdevno 0, Semdeg 2 da a.S. sabolood<br />
miviRebT Canawers 1023456789.<br />
pasuxi: saZiebeli ricxvia 1 023 456 789.<br />
amocana 2. davadginoT luwi samniSna ricxvebis raodenoba.<br />
amoxsna:pirvel rigSi davadginoT samniSna ricxvebis raodenoba. udidesi samniSna ricvia<br />
999, e.i. 1-dan 999-is CaTvliT iqneba 999 ricxvi. magram maTgan pirveli 99 ricxvi araa samniSna.<br />
amitom samniSna ricxvebis raodenoba 999-99 sxvaobis tolia. am 900 ricxvidan naxevari<br />
luwi ricxvia, naxevari ki kenti. e.i. luwi samniSna ricxvebis raodenobaa 450.<br />
pasuxi: luwi samniSna ricxvebis raodenobaa 450.<br />
amocana 3. ramdenia iseTi orniSna naturaluri ricxvi, romlis CanawerSi mxolod<br />
luwi cifrebia gamoyenebuli<br />
amoxsna: amocana amovxsnaT ori gziT:<br />
I gza. zrdis mixedviT CavweroT luwi cifrebiT Sedgenili orniSna ricxvebi da daviTvaloT:<br />
20, 22, 24, 26, 28,<br />
40, 42, 44, 46, 48,<br />
60, 62, 64, 66, 68,<br />
80, 82, 84, 86, 88.<br />
sul gamovida 20 ricxvi.<br />
II gza. sul gvaqvs 5 luwi cifri: 0, 2, 4, 6, 8. aqedan aTeulebis cifrad gamodgeba oTxi<br />
cifri 2, 4, 6, 8. TiToeul maTgans erTeulebad SegviZlia mivuweroT xuTi cifridan<br />
erT-erTi. magaliTad, Tu aTeu lebis TanrigSi 2-s davwerT, maSin saZiebeli saxis<br />
ricxvebi iqneba: 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, xolo, Tu 6-s davwerT, maSin saZiebeli saxis ricxvebi<br />
iqneba: 60, 62, 64, 66, 68.<br />
2 6<br />
20 22 24 26 28 60 62 64 66 68<br />
ase, rom sul miviRebT 4 × 5 raodenobis ricxvs.<br />
pasuxi: luwi cifrebiT sul 20 orniSna ricxvi iwereba.<br />
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