recommended vernacular names for common - Ministry of Forests
recommended vernacular names for common - Ministry of Forests
recommended vernacular names for common - Ministry of Forests
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RECOMMENDED VERNACULAR<br />
NAMES FOR COMMON PLANTS<br />
OF BRITISH COLUMBIA<br />
Compiled<br />
by<br />
Del Meidinger<br />
<strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Forests</strong><br />
and Lands<br />
RR 87002-HQ<br />
R·E·S·E·A·R·C·H<br />
REPORT<br />
Internal Reports <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Forests</strong><br />
and Lands Research Program
RECOMMENDED VERNACULAR NAMES FOR COMMON PLANTS<br />
OF BRITISH COLUMBIA<br />
compiled by<br />
Del Meidinger<br />
Research Branch<br />
British Columbia <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Forests</strong> and Lands<br />
Victoria, B.C.<br />
September 1987
This publication is RR87002-HQ<br />
Copies <strong>of</strong> this report may be obtained, depending upon supply from:<br />
Citation:<br />
Research Branch<br />
B.C. <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Forests</strong> and Lands<br />
1450 Government Street<br />
Victoria, B.C.<br />
Meidinger, D. 1987. Recommended <strong>vernacular</strong> <strong>names</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>common</strong> plants <strong>of</strong> British Columbia. B.C. Min. For.<br />
and Lands, Research Report RR87002-HQ.<br />
The contents <strong>of</strong> this report may not be cited in whole or in part with out the approval <strong>of</strong> the Director <strong>of</strong> Research,<br />
B.C. <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Forests</strong> and Lands, Victoria.<br />
ii
PREFACE<br />
The main objective <strong>of</strong> this publication is to recommend <strong>common</strong> <strong>names</strong> <strong>for</strong> the indicator plants used in Ecology<br />
Programme publications. For some species, there are many <strong>common</strong> <strong>names</strong> — <strong>for</strong> others, there may be only<br />
one or even none in “<strong>common</strong>” usage. For species with many <strong>vernacular</strong> <strong>names</strong>, the choice <strong>of</strong> any one name is<br />
<strong>of</strong>ten arbitrary, however, I tried to choose the name that is most <strong>common</strong>ly used in floras and plant guides<br />
relevant to British Columbia. For species with no real “<strong>common</strong>” name, I used whatever I could find or whatever<br />
has been suggested to users <strong>of</strong> the Ecosystem Classification system at <strong>Ministry</strong> training courses.<br />
This list does not present <strong>common</strong> <strong>names</strong> <strong>for</strong> all plant species in British Columbia, but only <strong>for</strong> those that: 1)<br />
have “indicator” value; 2) are not rare or localized in distribution; and, 3) could be useful in ecosystem<br />
identification as they do not require a compound microscope or specialized chemicals <strong>for</strong> identification (as do<br />
most mosses, lichens and liverworts). The term “indicator” has a very broad and varied usage, but <strong>for</strong> this<br />
publication it generally refers to plants that are general to specific indicators <strong>of</strong> climate, soil moisture and soil<br />
nutrient regime, or successional development<br />
. Scientific <strong>names</strong> (latin <strong>names</strong>) are from the following sources:<br />
Crum, H.A., W.C. Steere and L.E. Anderson. 1973. A new list <strong>of</strong> mosses <strong>of</strong> North America north <strong>of</strong> Mexico.<br />
The Bryologist 73:499-543.<br />
Hale, M.E. Jr. and W.L. Culberson. 1970. A fourth checklist <strong>of</strong> the lichens <strong>of</strong> the continental United States and<br />
Canada. The Bryologist 73:499-543.<br />
Stottler, R. and B. Crandall-Stottler. 1977. A checklist <strong>of</strong> the liverworts and hornworts <strong>of</strong> North America. The<br />
Bryologist 80:405-428.<br />
Taylor, R.L. and B. MacBryde. 1977. Vascular plants <strong>of</strong> British Columbia: a descriptive resource inventory.<br />
The University <strong>of</strong> British Columbia Press, Vancouver, B.C.<br />
For vascular plants not found in Taylor and MacBryde (1977), scientific nomenclature follows:<br />
Kartesz, J.T. and R. Kartesz. 1980. A synonymized checklist <strong>of</strong> the vascular flora <strong>of</strong> the United States,<br />
Canada, and Greenland. Volume\II. The biota <strong>of</strong> North America. The University <strong>of</strong> North Carolina<br />
Press. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A. 498 p.<br />
In addition to Taylor and MacBryde (1977), the following references were used <strong>for</strong> determining <strong>common</strong><br />
<strong>names</strong>:<br />
Clark, L.J. 1973. Wild flowers <strong>of</strong> British Columbia. Gray’s Publishing Ltd. Sidney, B.C., Canada. 591 p.<br />
Douglas, G.W. 1982. The sunflower family (Asteraceae) <strong>of</strong> British Columbia. Voume I - Senecioneae.<br />
Province <strong>of</strong> British Columbia, <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> the Provincial Secretary and Government Services. Victoria,<br />
B.C. Occasional Papers <strong>of</strong> the British Columbia Provincial Museum No. 23. 180 p.<br />
Harthill, M.P. and I. O’Connor. 1975. Common mosses <strong>of</strong> the Pacific coast. Naturegraph Publishers, Inc.<br />
Healdsburg, Calif. U.S.A. 119 p.<br />
Hitchcock, C.L. and A. Cronquist. 1973. Flora <strong>of</strong> the Pacific Northwest. An illustrated manual. University <strong>of</strong><br />
Washington Press. Seattle, Wash., U.S.A. 730 p.<br />
Lyons, C.P. 1974. Trees, shrubs and flowers to know in British Columbia. J.M. Dent and Sons Ltd. 194 p.<br />
Moss, E.H. 1974. Flora <strong>of</strong> Alberta. University <strong>of</strong> Toronto Press, Toronto, Ontario. 546 p.<br />
Pojar, J., R. Love, D. Meidinger and R. Scagel. 1982. Some <strong>common</strong> plants <strong>of</strong> the Sub-Boreal Spruce Zone.<br />
Province <strong>of</strong> British Columbia <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Forests</strong>. Victoria, B.C. Land Management Handbook No. 6.<br />
102 p.<br />
iii
Porsild, A.E. 1974. Rocky Mountain wildflowers. National Museums <strong>of</strong> Canada, Ottawa, Ontario. Natural<br />
History Series, No. 2. 454 p.<br />
Scoggan, H.J. 1978/79. The flora <strong>of</strong> Canada. Parts 2-4. National Museums <strong>of</strong> Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.<br />
Publications in Botany No.\7(2-4).<br />
Welsh, S.L. 1974. Anderson’s flora <strong>of</strong> Alaska and adjacent parts <strong>of</strong> Canada. Brigham Young University Press.<br />
Provo, Utah. 724 p.<br />
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS<br />
I would like to thank the many individuals that helped me with the list — their encouragement and valuable<br />
comments were greatly appreciated. My Forest Service colleagues — Ray Coupe and Anna Roberts (Williams<br />
Lake), Jim Pojar (Smithers), Fraser Russell (Kamloops), and Bob Green (Vancouver) — all were very helpful.<br />
Ted Lea (Victoria), Gail Ross (Chilliwack) and especially Bill Merilees (North Vancouver) <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Ministry</strong> <strong>of</strong><br />
Environment and Parks all provided useful comments. George Douglas was also very helpful in the comments<br />
he <strong>of</strong>fered. Carmen Cadrin and Tracy Fleming assisted in producing the earlier versions <strong>of</strong> this list. Linda Fraser,<br />
Louise Gronmyr and Jean Stringer typed the manuscript, and the typesetting was done by Beth Collins.<br />
v
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Abies amabilis amabilis fir<br />
Abies grandis grand fir<br />
Abies lasiocarpa subalpine fir<br />
Abronia latifolia yellow sand-verbena<br />
Acer circinatum vine maple<br />
Acer glabrum Douglas maple<br />
Acer macrophyllum bigleaf maple<br />
Achillea millefolium yarrow<br />
Achillea millefolium var. lanulosa western yarrow<br />
Achlys triphylla vanilla-leaf<br />
Aconitum columbianum Columbian monkshood<br />
Aconitum delphiniifolium mountain monkshood<br />
Actaea rubra baneberry<br />
Adenocaulon bicolor pathfinder<br />
Adiantum pedatum maidenhair fern<br />
Agoseris aurantiaca orange agoseris<br />
Agoseris elata tall agoseris<br />
Agoseris glauca pale agoseris<br />
Agoseris grandiflora large-flowered agoseris<br />
Agoseris heterophylla annual agoseris<br />
Agropyron dasystachyum downy wheatgrass<br />
Agropyron pectini<strong>for</strong>me crested wheatgrass<br />
Agropyron repens quackgrass<br />
Agropyron smithii western wheatgrass<br />
Agropyron spicatum bluebunch wheatgrass<br />
Agropyron trachycaulum* slender wheatgrass<br />
(syn.Agropyron pauciflorum)<br />
Agropyron violaceum broad-glumed wheatgrass<br />
Agrostis aequivalvis northern bentgrass<br />
Agrostis exarata spike bentgrass<br />
Agrostis gigantea redtop<br />
Agrostis humilis alpine bentgrass<br />
Agrostis idahoensis Idaho bentgrass<br />
Agrostis pallens dune bentgrass<br />
Agrostis scabra hair bentgrass<br />
Agrostis stolonifera creeping bentgrass<br />
Agrostis thurberiana Thurber’s bentgrass<br />
Agrostis variabilis mountain bentgrass<br />
Aira caryophyllea silver hairgrass<br />
Aira praecox early hairgrass<br />
Alisma plantago-aquatica water-plantain<br />
Allium acuminatum Hooker’s onion<br />
Allium cernuum nodding onion<br />
Allium geyeri Geyer’s onion<br />
Allium schoenoprasum wild chives<br />
Allotropa virgata candystick<br />
* not in Taylor and MacBryde
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia mountain alder<br />
Alnus rubra red alder<br />
Alnus viridis ssp. fruticosa green alder<br />
Alnus viridis ssp. sinuata Sitka alder<br />
Alopecurus aequalis little meadow-foxtail<br />
Alopecurus arundinaceus* creeping meadow-foxtail<br />
Alopecurus geniculatus water meadow-foxtail<br />
Alopecurus pratensis meadow-foxtail<br />
Alyssum alyssoides pale alyssum<br />
Ambrosia chamissonis silver burweed<br />
Amelanchier alnifolia saskatoon<br />
Amerorchis rotundifolia round-leaved orchis<br />
Amsinckia menziesii small-flowered fiddleneck<br />
Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting<br />
Andromeda polifolia bog-rosemary<br />
Androsace septentrionalis northern fairy-candelabra<br />
Anemone drummondii alpine anemone<br />
Anemone lyallii Lyall’s anemone<br />
Anemone multifida cut-leaved anemone<br />
Anemone narcissiflora narcissus anemone<br />
Anemone parviflora northern anemone<br />
Anemone richardsonii yellow anemone<br />
Angelica arguta sharptooth angelica<br />
Angelica genuflexa kneeling angelica<br />
Antennaria dimorpha low pussytoes<br />
Antennaria lanata woolly pussytoes<br />
Antennaria luzuloides woodrush pussytoes<br />
Antennaria microphylla rosy pussytoes<br />
Antennaria neglecta field pussytoes<br />
Antennaria parvifolia Nuttall’s pussytoes<br />
Antennaria pulcherrima ssp. anaphaloides tall pussytoes<br />
Antennaria pulcherrima ssp. pulcherrima showy pussytoes<br />
Antennaria racemosa racemose pussytoes<br />
Antennaria umbrinella umber pussytoes<br />
Anthemis arvensis corn chamomile<br />
Anthemis tinctoria yellow chamomile<br />
Anthoxanthum odoratum sweet vernalgrass<br />
Apocynum androsaemifolium spreading dogbane<br />
Apocynum cannabinum hemp dogbane<br />
Aquilegia brevistyla blue columbine<br />
Aquilegia flavescens yellow columbine<br />
Aquilegia <strong>for</strong>mosa red columbine<br />
Arabis divaricarpa spreading-pod rockcress<br />
Arabis drummondii Drummond’s rockcress<br />
Arabis glabra tower mustard<br />
Arabis hirsuta hairy rockcress<br />
Arabis holboellii Holboell’s rockcress<br />
Arabis lyallii Lyall’s rockcress<br />
Arabis lyrata lyre-leaved rockcress<br />
Arabis sparsiflora sickle-pod rockcress<br />
2
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla<br />
Arbutus menziesii arbutus<br />
Arceuthobium campylopodum western dwarf mistletoe<br />
Arctagrostis latifolia polargrass<br />
Arctium lappa great burdock<br />
Arctium minus <strong>common</strong> burdock<br />
Arctostaphylos alpina alpine bearberry<br />
Arctostaphylos columbiana hairy manzanita<br />
Arctostaphylos rubra red bearberry<br />
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi kinnikinnick<br />
Arenaria capillaris thread-leaved sandwort<br />
Aristida longiseta red three-awn<br />
Armeria maritima thrift<br />
Arnica alpina alpine arnica<br />
Arnica amplexicaulis streambank arnica<br />
Arnica chamissonis meadow arnica<br />
Arnica cordifolia heart-leaved arnica<br />
Arnica fulgens orange arnica<br />
Arnica latifolia mountain arnica<br />
Arnica mollis hairy arnica<br />
Arnica parryi Parry’s arnica<br />
Arnica rydbergii Rydberg’s arnica<br />
Artemisia arctica mountain sagewort<br />
Artemisia campestris northern wormwood<br />
Artemisia dracunculus tarragon<br />
Artemisia frigida pasture sage<br />
Artemisia lindleyana Columbia mugwort<br />
Artemisia ludoviciana western mugwort<br />
Artemisia michauxiana Michaux’s mugwort<br />
Artemisia suksdorfii Suksdorf’s mugwort<br />
Artemisia tilesii Aleutian mugwort<br />
Artemisia tridentata big sagebrush<br />
Artemisia tripartita threetip sagebrush<br />
Aruncus dioicus goatsbeard<br />
Asarum caudatum wild ginger<br />
Asclepias speciosa showy milkweed<br />
Asparagus <strong>of</strong>ficinalis asparagus<br />
Asplenium trichomanes maidenhair spleenwort<br />
Asplenium viride green spleenwort<br />
Aster alpinus alpine aster<br />
Aster borealis rush aster<br />
Aster campestris meadow aster<br />
Aster ciliolatus fringed aster<br />
Aster conspicuus showy aster<br />
Aster eatonii Eaton’s aster<br />
Aster engelmannii Engelmann’s aster<br />
Aster foliaceus leafy aster<br />
Aster modestus great northern aster<br />
Aster occidentalis western aster<br />
Aster pansus tufted white prairie aster<br />
3
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Aster sibiricus arctic aster<br />
Aster subspicatus Douglas’ aster<br />
Astragalus aboriginum Indian milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus agrestis field milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus alpinus alpine milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus americanus American milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus beckwithii Weiser milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus canadensis Canada milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus collinus hillside milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus eucosmus elegant milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus filipes threadstalk milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus lotiflorus lotus milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus miser timber milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus purshii woollypod milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus robbinsii Robbins’ milk-vetch<br />
Astragalus tenellus pulse milk-vetch<br />
Athyrium filix-femina lady fern<br />
Aulacomnium palustre glow moss<br />
agrohordeum macounii Macoun’s wildrye<br />
Balsamorhiza deltoidea deltoid balsamroot<br />
Balsamorhiza sagittata arrow-leaved balsamroot<br />
Barbilophozia lycopodioides <strong>common</strong> leafy liverwort<br />
Bartramia pomi<strong>for</strong>mis apple moss<br />
Bassia hyssopifolia five-hooked bassia<br />
Beckmannia syzigachne sloughgrass<br />
Bellis perennis English daisy<br />
Betula glandulosa scrub birch<br />
Betula nana swamp birch<br />
Betula neoalaskana Alaska paper birch<br />
Betula occidentalis water birch<br />
Betula papyrifera paper birch<br />
Bidens cernua nodding beggarticks<br />
Bistorta bistortoides American bistort<br />
Bistorta vivipara alpine bistort<br />
Blechnum spicant deer fern<br />
Boschniakia hookeri groundcone<br />
Botrychium boreale northern grape fern<br />
Botrychium lunaria moonwort<br />
Botrychium multifidum leathery grape fern<br />
Botrychium virginianum rattlesnake fern<br />
Bouteloua gracilis blue grama<br />
Boykinia occidentalis coast boykinia<br />
Brachythecium albicans lawn moss<br />
Brasenia schreberi watershield<br />
Brassica rapa bird rape mustard<br />
Bromus anomalus nodding brome<br />
Bromus carinatus Cali<strong>for</strong>nia brome<br />
Bromus ciliatus fringed brome<br />
Bromus inermis ssp. inermis smooth brome<br />
Bromus inermis ssp. pumpellianus pumpelly brome<br />
4
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Bromus mollis s<strong>of</strong>t brome<br />
Bromus sitchensis Alaska brome<br />
Bromus tectorum cheatgrass<br />
Bromus vulgaris Columbia brome<br />
Calamagrostis canadensis bluejoint<br />
Calamagrostis inexpansa narrow-spiked reedgrass<br />
Calamagrostis lapponica Lapland reedgrass<br />
Calamagrostis nutkaensis Pacific reedgrass<br />
Calamagrostis purpurascens purple reedgrass<br />
Calamagrostis rubescens pinegrass<br />
Calamagrostis scribneri Scribner’s reedgrass<br />
Calamagrostis stricta slimstem reedgrass<br />
Callitriche palustris spring water-starwort<br />
Calochortus apiculatus threespot mariposa lily<br />
Calochortus macrocarpus sagebrush mariposa lily<br />
Caltha leptosepala white marsh-marigold<br />
Caltha leptosepala var. biflora two-flowered white marsh-marigold<br />
Caltha leptosepala var. leptosepala alpine white marsh-marigold<br />
Calypso bulbosa fairyslipper<br />
Calystegia sepium hedge bindweed<br />
Calystegia soldanella beach bindweed<br />
Camassia leichtlinii great camas<br />
Camassia quamash <strong>common</strong> camas<br />
Camelina microcarpa little-podded falseflax<br />
Campanula lasiocarpa mountain harebell<br />
Campanula rotundifolia <strong>common</strong> harebell<br />
Campanula scouleri Scouler’s harebell<br />
Capsella bursa-pastoris shepherd’s purse<br />
Cardamine bellidifolia alpine bitter-cress<br />
Cardamine breweri Brewer’s bitter-cress<br />
Cardamine cordifolia heart-leaved bitter-cress<br />
Cardamine nuttallii Nuttall’s bitter-cress<br />
Cardamine occidentalis western bitter-cress<br />
Cardamine oligosperma little western bitter-cress<br />
Cardamine pensylvanica Pennsylvania bitter-cress<br />
Cardamine umbellata Siberian bitter-cress<br />
Carduus nutans nodding thistle<br />
Carex aenea bronze sedge<br />
Carex albonigra two-toned sedge<br />
Carex amplifolia bigleaf sedge<br />
Carex angustior narrow-leaved sedge<br />
Carex aperta Columbia sedge<br />
Carex aquatilis water sedge<br />
Carex arcta northern clustered sedge<br />
Carex atherodes awned sedge<br />
Carex athrostachya slender-beaked sedge<br />
Carex atrosquama black-scaled sedge<br />
Carex aurea golden sedge<br />
Carex bebbii Bebb’s sedge<br />
Carex bipartita two-parted sedge<br />
Carex breweri Brewer’s sedge<br />
5
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Carex brunnescens brownish sedge<br />
Carex buxbaumii Buxbaum’s sedge<br />
Carex canescens grey sedge<br />
Carex capillaris hairlike sedge<br />
Carex capitata capitate sedge<br />
Carex chordorrhiza cordroot sedge<br />
Carex concinna low northern sedge<br />
Carex concinnoides northwestern sedge<br />
Carex craw<strong>for</strong>dii Craw<strong>for</strong>d’s sedge<br />
Carex cusickii Cusick’s sedge<br />
Carex deflexa bent sedge<br />
Carex deweyana Dewey’s sedge<br />
Carex diandra lesser panicled sedge<br />
Carex dioica ssp. gynocrates yellow bog sedge<br />
Carex disperma s<strong>of</strong>t-leaved sedge<br />
Carex douglasii Douglas’ sedge<br />
Carex eburnea bristle-leaved sedge<br />
Carex enanderi Enander’s sedge<br />
Carex filifolia thread-leaved sedge<br />
Carex flava yellow-fruited sedge<br />
Carex foenea hay sedge<br />
Carex heleonastes Hudson Bay sedge<br />
Carex hendersonii Henderson’s sedge<br />
Carex hoodii Hood’s sedge<br />
Carex hystericina porcupine sedge<br />
Carex illota sheep sedge<br />
Carex interior inland sedge<br />
Carex laeviculmis smooth-stemmed sedge<br />
Carex lanuginosa woolly sedge<br />
Carex lasiocarpa slender sedge<br />
Carex lenticularis lens-fruited sedge<br />
Carex leporina harefoot sedge<br />
Carex leptalea bristle-stalked sedge<br />
Carex limosa shore sedge<br />
Carex livida pale sedge<br />
Carex loliacea ryegrass sedge<br />
Carex macloviana thick-headed sedge<br />
Carex macrochaeta large-awned sedge<br />
Carex media Scandinavian sedge<br />
Carex mertensii Mertens’ sedge<br />
Carex microchaeta small-awned sedge<br />
Carex microglochin few-seeded bog sedge<br />
Carex nardina spikenard sedge<br />
Carex nigricans black alpine sedge<br />
Carex obnupta slough sedge<br />
Carex obtusata blunt sedge<br />
Carex oederi green sedge<br />
Carex parryana Parry’s sedge<br />
Carex pauciflora few-flowered sedge<br />
Carex paupercula poor sedge<br />
Carex paysonis Payson’s sedge<br />
6
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Carex peckii Peck’s sedge<br />
Carex pensylvanica long-stoloned sedge<br />
Carex petasata pasture sedge<br />
Carex phaeocephala dunhead sedge<br />
Carex phyllomanica coastal stellate sedge<br />
Carex podocarpa short-stalked sedge<br />
Carex praeceptorum teacher’s sedge<br />
Carex praegracilis field sedge<br />
Carex prairea* prairie sedge<br />
Carex praticola meadow sedge<br />
Carex proposita Smokey Mountain sedge<br />
Carex pyrenaica Pyrenean sedge<br />
Carex raynoldsii Raynolds’ sedge<br />
Carex retrorsa long-bracted sedge<br />
Carex richardsonii Richardson’s sedge<br />
Carex rossii Ross’ sedge<br />
Carex rostrata beaked sedge<br />
Carex sartwellii Sartwell’s sedge<br />
Carex saxatilis russet sedge<br />
Carex saximontana Rocky Mountain sedge<br />
Carex scirpoidea single-spiked sedge<br />
Carex scopulorum Holm’s Rocky Mountain sedge<br />
Carex simulata* short-beaked sedge<br />
Carex sitchensis Sitka sedge<br />
Carex spectabilis showy sedge<br />
Carex sprengelii Sprengel’s sedge<br />
Carex stenophylla narrow-leaved sedge<br />
Carex stipata awl-fruited sedge<br />
Carex stylosa long-styled sedge<br />
Carex sychnocephala long-beaked sedge<br />
Carex tenera* tender sedge<br />
Carex tenuiflora sparse-leaved sedge<br />
Carex trisperma three-seeded sedge<br />
Carex vaginata sheathed sedge<br />
Carex vesicaria inflated sedge<br />
Cassiope lycopodioides club-moss mountain-heather<br />
Cassiope mertensiana white mountain-heather<br />
Cassiope stelleriana Alaskan mountain-heather<br />
Cassiope tetragona four-angled mountain-heather<br />
Castilleja angustifolia northwestern paintbrush<br />
Castilleja cervina deer paintbrush<br />
Castilleja cusickii Cusick’s paintbrush<br />
Castilleja hispida harsh paintbrush<br />
Castilleja hyetophila coastal red paintbrush<br />
Castilleja lutescens yellowish paintbrush<br />
Castilleja miniata <strong>common</strong> red paintbrush<br />
Castilleja parviflora small-flowered paintbrush<br />
Castilleja rhexifolia alpine paintbrush<br />
Castilleja sulphurea sulphur paintbrush<br />
Castilleja thompsonii Thompson’s paintbrush<br />
Ceanothus sanguineus redstem ceanothus<br />
7
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Ceanothus velutinus snowbrush<br />
Centaurea cyanus cornflower<br />
Centaurea diffusa diffuse knapweed<br />
Centaurea maculosa spotted knapweed<br />
Centaurea nigra black knapweed<br />
Centaurea repens Russian knapweed<br />
Cerastium arvense field chickweed<br />
Cerastium beeringianum Bering chickweed<br />
Cerastium fischerianum Fischer’s chickweed<br />
Cerastium fontanum mouse-ear chickweed<br />
Ceratophyllum demersum coontail<br />
Chaenactis douglasii hoary false yarrow<br />
Chamaecyparis nootkatensis yellow-cedar<br />
Chamaedaphne calyculata leatherleaf<br />
Chamaerhodos erecta chamaerhodos<br />
Chamomilla suaveolens pineapple weed<br />
Cheilanthes feei Fees’ lip fern<br />
Chenopodium album lamb’s-quarters<br />
Chenopodium capitatum strawberry-blite<br />
Chenopodium rubrum red goosefoot<br />
Chimaphila menziesii Menzies’ pipsissewa<br />
Chimaphila umbellata prince’s pine<br />
Chorispora tenella blue-mustard<br />
Chrysosplenium tetrandrum northern golden-saxifrage<br />
Chrysothamnus nauseosus rabbit-brush<br />
Cichorium intybus chicory<br />
Cicuta douglasii water-hemlock<br />
Cinna latifolia nodding wood-reed<br />
Circaea alpina enchanter’s nightshade<br />
Cirsium arvense Canada thistle<br />
Cirsium brevistylum short-styled thistle<br />
Cirsium edule edible thistle<br />
Cirsium hookerianum Hooker’s thistle<br />
Cirsium undulatum wavy-leaved thistle<br />
Cirsium vulgare bull thistle<br />
Cladina rangiferina reindeer lichen<br />
Cladothamnus pyroliflorus copperbush<br />
Clarkia pulchella pink fairies<br />
Claytonia cordifolia heart-leaved springbeauty<br />
Claytonia lanceolata western springbeauty<br />
Claytonia perfoliata miner’s-lettuce<br />
Claytonia sibirica Siberian miner’s-lettuce<br />
Clematis ligusticifolia white clematis<br />
Clematis occidentalis blue clematis<br />
Clintonia uniflora queen’s cup<br />
Collinsia grandiflora large-flowered blue-eyed Mary<br />
Collinsia parviflora small-flowered blue-eyed Mary<br />
Collomia grandiflora large-flowered collomia<br />
Collomia heterophylla vari-leaved collomia<br />
Collomia linearis narrow-leaved collomia<br />
8
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Comandra umbellata pale comandra<br />
Conium maculatum poison-hemlock<br />
Conyza canadensis horseweed<br />
Coptis aspleniifolia fern-leaved goldthread<br />
Coptis trifolia three-leaved goldthread<br />
Corallorhiza maculata spotted coralroot<br />
Corallorhiza maculata ssp. maculata spotted coralroot<br />
Corallorhiza maculata ssp. mertensiana western coralroot<br />
Corallorhiza striata striped coralroot<br />
Corallorhiza trifida yellow coralroot<br />
Cornus canadensis bunchberry<br />
Cornus nuttallii western flowering dogwood<br />
Cornus sericea red-osier dogwood<br />
Cornus unalaschkensis cordilleran bunchberry<br />
Corydalis aurea golden corydalis<br />
Corydalis pauciflora blue corydalis<br />
Corydalis sempervirens pink corydalis<br />
Corylus cornuta beaked hazelnut<br />
Crataegus columbiana red hawthorn<br />
Crataegus douglasii black hawthorn<br />
Crataegus monogyna <strong>common</strong> hawthorn<br />
Crepis atrabarba slender hawksbeard<br />
Crepis capillaris smooth hawksbeard<br />
Crepis elegans elegant hawksbeard<br />
Crepis intermedia gray hawksbeard<br />
Crepis occidentalis western hawksbeard<br />
Crepis tectorum annual hawksbeard<br />
Cryptogramma crispa parsley fern<br />
Cynoglossum boreale northern hound’s-tongue<br />
Cynoglossum <strong>of</strong>ficinale <strong>common</strong> hound’s-tongue<br />
Cynosurus echinatus hedgehog dogtail<br />
Cypripedium calceolus yellow ladyslipper<br />
Cypripedium passerinum sparrow’s-egg ladyslipper<br />
Cypripedium montanum mountain ladyslipper<br />
Cystopteris fragilis fragile fern<br />
Cystopteris montana mountain bladder fern<br />
Cytisus scoparius Scotch broom<br />
Dactylis glomerata orchardgrass<br />
Danthonia cali<strong>for</strong>nica Cali<strong>for</strong>nia oatgrass<br />
Danthonia canadensis Canadian oatgrass<br />
Danthonia intermedia* timber oatgrass<br />
Danthonia sericea downy oatgrass<br />
Danthonia spicata poverty oatgrass<br />
Daucus carota wild carrot<br />
Daucus pusillus American wild carrot<br />
Delphinium bicolor Montana larkspur<br />
Delphinium glaucum tall larkspur<br />
Delphinium menziesii Menzies’ larkspur<br />
Delphinium nuttallianum upland larkspur<br />
Deschampsia cespitosa tufted hairgrass<br />
9
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Deschampsia elongata slender hairgrass<br />
Descurainia pinnata western tansymustard<br />
Descurainia richardsonii Richardson’s tansymustard<br />
Descurainia sophia flixweed<br />
Dicentra <strong>for</strong>mosa bleeding heart<br />
Dicentra uniflora steer’s head<br />
Dicranum fuscescens curly heron’s-bill moss<br />
Dicranum polysetum wavy-leaved moss<br />
Dicranum scoparium broom moss<br />
Dicranum tauricum broken-leaf moss<br />
Digitalis purpurea foxglove<br />
Disporum hookeri Hooker’s fairybells<br />
Disporum smithii Smith’s fairybells<br />
Disporum trachycarpum rough-fruited fairybells<br />
Distichlis spicata seashore saltgrass<br />
Distichlis stricta alkali saltgrass<br />
Dodecatheon conjugens slimpod shootingstar<br />
Dodecatheon hendersonii broad-leaved shootingstar<br />
Dodecatheon jeffreyi Jeffrey’s shootingstar<br />
Dodecatheon pulchellum few-flowered shootingstar<br />
Draba aurea golden draba<br />
Draba cana lance-leaved draba<br />
Draba cinerea gray-leaved draba<br />
Draba crassifolia thick-leaved draba<br />
Draba densifolia Nuttall’s draba<br />
Draba glabella smooth draba<br />
Draba incerta Yellowstone draba<br />
Draba lonchocarpa lance-fruited draba<br />
Draba nemorosa woods draba<br />
Draba oligosperma few-seeded draba<br />
Draba paysonii Payson’s draba<br />
Draba praealta tall draba<br />
Draba reptans* Carolina draba<br />
Draba stenoloba Alaska draba<br />
Dracocephalum parviflorum American dragonhead<br />
Drepanocladus uncinatus sickle moss<br />
Drosera anglica long-leaved sundew<br />
Drosera rotundifolia round-leaved sundew<br />
Dryas drummondii yellow mountain-avens<br />
Dryas integrifolia entire-leaved mountain-avens<br />
Dryas octopetala white mountain-avens<br />
Dryopteris assimilis spiny wood fern<br />
Dryopteris filix-mas male fern<br />
Dryopteris fragrans fragrant shield fern<br />
Echium vulgare viper’s bugloss<br />
Elaeagnus commutata wolf-willow<br />
Eleocharis acicularis needle spike-rush<br />
Eleocharis ovata blunt spike-rush<br />
Eleocharis palustris <strong>common</strong> spike-rush<br />
Eleocharis quinqueflora few-flowered spike-rush<br />
10
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Eleocharis rostellata beaked spike-rush<br />
Elymus canadensis Canada wildrye<br />
Elymus cinereus giant wildrye<br />
Elymus glaucus blue wildrye<br />
Elymus hirsutus hairy wildrye<br />
Elymus innovatus fuzzy-spiked wildrye<br />
Elymus mollis dune wildrye<br />
Empetrum nigrum crowberry<br />
Epilobium anagallidifolium alpine willowherb<br />
Epilobium angustifolium fireweed<br />
Epilobium ciliatum purple-leaved willowherb<br />
Epilobium glaberrimum smooth willowherb<br />
Epilobium glandulosum sticky willowherb<br />
Epilobium hornemannii Hornemann’s willowherb<br />
Epilobium latifolium broad-leaved willowherb<br />
Epilobium luteum yellow willowherb<br />
Epilobium minutum small-flowered willowherb<br />
Epilobium palustre swamp willowherb<br />
Equisetum arvense <strong>common</strong> horsetail<br />
Equisetum fluviatile swamp horsetail<br />
Equisetum hyemale scouring-rush<br />
Equisetum laevigatum smooth scouring-rush<br />
Equisetum palustre marsh horsetail<br />
Equisetum pratense meadow horsetail<br />
Equisetum scirpoides dwarf scouring-rush<br />
Equisetum sylvaticum wood horsetail<br />
Equisetum telmateia giant horsetail<br />
Equisetum variegatum northern scouring-rush<br />
Erigeron acris bitter fleabane<br />
Erigeron aureus golden fleabane<br />
Erigeron caespitosus tufted fleabane<br />
Erigeron compositus cut-leaved daisy<br />
Erigeron corymbosus long-leaved fleabane<br />
Erigeron divergens spreading fleabane<br />
Erigeron filifolius thread-leaved fleabane<br />
Erigeron flagellaris trailing fleabane<br />
Erigeron glabellus smooth daisy<br />
Erigeron grandiflorus large-flowered daisy<br />
Erigeron linearis line-leaved fleabane<br />
Erigeron lonchophyllus spear-leaved fleabane<br />
Erigeron peregrinus subalpine daisy<br />
Erigeron philadelphicus Philadelphia fleabane<br />
Erigeron pumilus shaggy fleabane<br />
Erigeron speciosus showy fleabane<br />
Erigeron strigosus rough-stemmed fleabane<br />
Eriogonum flavum yellow buckwheat<br />
Eriogonum heracleoides parsnip-flowered buckwheat<br />
Eriogonum niveum snow buckwheat<br />
Eriogonum ovalifolium cushion buckwheat<br />
Eriogonum umbellatum sulfur buckwheat<br />
11
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Eriophorum angustifolium narrow-leaved cotton-grass<br />
Eriophorum brachyantherum short-anthered cotton-grass<br />
Eriophorum chamissonis Chamisso’s cotton-grass<br />
Eriophorum gracile slender cotton-grass<br />
Eriophorum scheuchzeri Scheuchzer’s cotton-grass<br />
Eriophorum vaginatum sheathed cotton-grass<br />
Eriophorum viridicarinatum green-keeled cotton-grass<br />
Eriophyllum lanatum woolly eriophyllum<br />
Erodium cicutarium stork’s-bill<br />
Erophila verna spring whitlow-grass<br />
Erysimum asperum prairie rocket<br />
Erysimum cheiranthoides wormseed mustard<br />
Erysimum inconspicuum small wallflower<br />
Erythronium grandiflorum glacier lily<br />
Erythronium oregonum white fawn lily<br />
Erythronium revolutum pink fawn lily<br />
Euphorbia esula leafy spurge<br />
Fauria crista-galli deer-cabbage<br />
Festuca altaica Altai fescue<br />
Festuca arundinacea tall fescue<br />
Festuca baffinensis Baffin fescue<br />
Festuca brachyphylla alpine fescue<br />
Festuca idahoensis Idaho fescue<br />
Festuca occidentalis western fescue<br />
Festuca pratensis meadow fescue<br />
Festuca rubra red fescue<br />
Festuca saximontana Rocky Mountain fescue<br />
Festuca scabrella rough fescue<br />
Festuca subulata bearded fescue<br />
Festuca subuliflora crinkle-awned fescue<br />
Festuca viridula green fescue<br />
Fragaria chiloensis coastal strawberry<br />
Fragaria vesca wood strawberry<br />
Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry<br />
Fragaria virginiana ssp. glauca blue-leaved strawberry<br />
Fritillaria camschatcensis northern rice-root<br />
Fritillaria lanceolata chocolate lily<br />
Fritillaria pudica yellow bell<br />
Gaillardia aristata brown-eyed Susan<br />
Galeopsis tetrahit <strong>common</strong> hemp-nettle<br />
Galium aparine cleavers<br />
Galium boreale northern bedstraw<br />
Galium cymosum Pacific bedstraw<br />
Galium kamtschaticum boreal bedstraw<br />
Galium trifidum small bedstraw<br />
Galium triflorum sweet-scented bedstraw<br />
Gaultheria hispidula creeping-snowberry<br />
Gaultheria humifusa alpine-wintergreen<br />
12
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Gaultheria ovatifolia western tea-berry<br />
Gaultheria shallon salal<br />
Gentiana affinis prairie gentian<br />
Gentiana calycosa mountain bog gentian<br />
Gentiana douglasiana swamp gentian<br />
Gentiana glauca glaucous gentian<br />
Gentiana platypetala broad-petalled gentian<br />
Gentiana prostrata moss gentian<br />
Gentiana sceptrum king gentian<br />
Gentianella amarella northern gentian<br />
Gentianella propinqua four-parted gentian<br />
Gentianella tenella slender gentian<br />
Geocaulon lividum bastard toad-flax<br />
Geranium bicknellii Bicknell’s geranium<br />
Geranium carolinianum Carolina geranium<br />
Geranium erianthum northern geranium<br />
Geranium molle dovefoot geranium<br />
Geranium richardsonii white geranium<br />
Geranium robertianum Robert geranium<br />
Geranium viscosissimum sticky geranium<br />
Geum aleppicum yellow avens<br />
Geum calthifolium caltha-leaved avens<br />
Geum macrophyllum large-leaved avens<br />
Geum perincisum sharp-toothed avens<br />
Geum rivale water avens<br />
Geum rossii Ross’ avens<br />
Geum sch<strong>of</strong>ieldii Queen Charlotte avens<br />
Geum triflorum old man’s whiskers<br />
Gilia capitata globe gilia<br />
Glaux maritima sea-milkwort<br />
Glyceria borealis northern mannagrass<br />
Glyceria elata tall mannagrass<br />
Glyceria grandis reed mannagrass<br />
Glyceria occidentalis western mannagrass<br />
Glyceria striata fowl mannagrass<br />
Gnaphalium chilense cotton-batting cudweed<br />
Gnaphalium purpureum purple cudweed<br />
Gnaphalium uliginosum marsh cudweed<br />
Goodyera oblongifolia rattlesnake-plantain<br />
Goodyera repens dwarf rattlesnake orchid<br />
Grindelia integrifolia Puget Sound gumweed<br />
Grindelia nana low gumweed<br />
Grindelia squarrosa curly-cup gumweed<br />
Gymnocarpium dryopteris oak fern<br />
Hackelia arida sagebrush stickseed<br />
Hackelia deflexa nodding stickseed<br />
Hackelia diffusa spreading stickseed<br />
Hackelia floribunda many-flowered stickseed<br />
Hackelia micrantha blue stickseed<br />
Haplopappus lyallii Lyall’s goldenweed<br />
Hedysarum alpinum alpine hedysarum<br />
13
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Hedysarum boreale northern hedysarum<br />
Hedysarum sulphurescens yellow hedysarum<br />
Hemitomes congestum gnome-plant<br />
Heracleum sphondylium cow-parnsip<br />
Heterotheca villosa hairy golden-aster<br />
Heuchera chlorantha meadow alumroot<br />
Heuchera cylindrica round-leaved alumroot<br />
Heuchera glabra smooth alumroot<br />
Heuchera micrantha small-flowered alumroot<br />
Hieracium albertinum western hawkweed<br />
Hieracium albiflorum white-flowered hawkweed<br />
Hieracium aurantiacum orange hawkweed<br />
Hieracium canadense Canada hawkweed<br />
Hieracium cynoglossoides hound’s-tongue hawkweed<br />
Hieracium gracile slender hawkweed<br />
Hieracium scouleri Scouler’s hawkweed<br />
Hieracium triste woolly hawkweed<br />
Hieracium umbellatum narrow-leaved hawkweed<br />
Hierochloe alpina alpine sweetgrass<br />
Hierochloe odorata <strong>common</strong> sweetgrass<br />
Hippuris vulgaris mare’s-tail<br />
Holcus lanatus Yorkshire fog<br />
Holodiscus discolor ocean-spray<br />
Honkenya peploides seabeach sandwort<br />
Hordeum brachyantherum meadow barley<br />
Hordeum jubatum foxtail barley<br />
Huperzia selago fir clubmoss<br />
Hydrophyllum capitatum bullhead waterleaf<br />
Hydrophyllum tenuipes Pacific waterleaf<br />
Hylocomium splendens step moss<br />
Hypericum anagalloides bog St. John’s-wort<br />
Hypericum <strong>for</strong>mosum western St. John’s-wort<br />
Hypericum per<strong>for</strong>atum <strong>common</strong> St. John’s-wort<br />
Hypochaeris glabra smooth cat’s-ear<br />
Hypochaeris radicata hairy cat’s-ear<br />
Hypopitys monotropa pinesap<br />
Impatiens aurella orange touch-me-not<br />
Impatiens capensis spotted touch-me-not<br />
Impatiens ecalcarata spurless touch-me-not<br />
Impatiens glandulifera policeman’s helmet<br />
Impatiens noli-tangere <strong>common</strong> touch-me-not<br />
Ipomopsis aggregata scarlet gilia<br />
Iris missouriensis western blue iris<br />
Iris pseudacorus yellow iris<br />
Isopterygium elegans elegant moss<br />
Isothecium spiculiferum variable moss<br />
Juncus acuminatus tapered rush<br />
Juncus alpinoarticulatus alpine rush<br />
Juncus arcticus arctic rush<br />
14
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Juncus articulatus jointed rush<br />
Juncus bolanderi Bolander’s rush<br />
Juncus bufonius toad rush<br />
Juncus castaneus chestnut rush<br />
Juncus confusus Colorado rush<br />
Juncus drummondii Drummond’s rush<br />
Juncus effusus <strong>common</strong> rush<br />
Juncus ensifolius dagger-leaved rush<br />
Juncus fili<strong>for</strong>mis thread rush<br />
Juncus gerardii mud rush<br />
Juncus kelloggii Kellogg’s rush<br />
Juncus longistylis long-styled rush<br />
Juncus mertensianus ssp. mertensianus Mertens’ rush<br />
Juncus mertensianus ssp. gracilis Nevada rush<br />
Juncus nodosus tuberous rush<br />
Juncus parryi Parry’s rush<br />
Juncus tenuis slender rush<br />
Juncus torreyi Torry’s rush<br />
Juncus triglumis three-flowered rush<br />
Juncus vaseyi Vasey’s rush<br />
Juniperus communis <strong>common</strong> juniper<br />
Juniperus horizontalis creeping juniper<br />
Juniperus scopulorum Rocky Mountain juniper<br />
Kalmia microphylla spp. microphylla alpine bog-laurel<br />
Kalmia microphylla ssp. occidentalis bog-laurel<br />
Kobresia myosuroides Bellard’s kobresia<br />
Kobresia simpliciuscula simple kobresia<br />
Koeleria macrantha junegrass<br />
Lactuca biennis tall blue lettuce<br />
Lactuca tatarica ssp. pulchella blue lettuce<br />
Lamium amplexicaule <strong>common</strong> dead-nettle<br />
Lappula redowskii western stickseed<br />
Lappula squarrosa bristly stickseed<br />
Larix laricina tamarack<br />
Larix lyallii alpine larch<br />
Larix occidentalis western larch<br />
Lathyrus japonicus beach pea<br />
Lathyrus latifolius broad-leaved peavine<br />
Lathyrus nevadensis purple peavine<br />
Lathyrus ochroleucus creamy peavine<br />
Ledum glandulosum trapper’s tea<br />
Ledum groenlandicum Labrador tea<br />
Ledum palustre northern Labrador tea<br />
Lemna minor <strong>common</strong> duckweed<br />
Lemna trisulca ivy-leaved duckweed<br />
Lepidium bourgeauanum branched pepper-grass<br />
Lepidium densiflorum prairie pepper-grass<br />
15
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Lepidium perfoliatum clasping-leaved pepper-grass<br />
Lepidium virginicum tall pepper-grass<br />
Leptarrhena pyrolifolia leatherleaf saxifrage<br />
Lesquerella douglasii Columbia bladderpod<br />
Leucanthemum vulgare oxeye daisy<br />
Leucolepis menziesii palm tree moss<br />
Lewisia pygmaea alpine lewisia<br />
Lewisia rediviva bitterroot<br />
Ligusticum calderi Calder’s lovage<br />
Ligusticum canbyi Canby’s lovage<br />
Ligusticum grayi Gray’s lovage<br />
Lilaeopsis occidentalis western lilaeopsis<br />
Lilium columbianum tiger lily<br />
Lilium philadelphicum wood lily<br />
Linanthus harknessii Harkness’ flaxflower<br />
Linanthus septentrionalis northern flaxflower<br />
Linaria dalmatica dalmatian toadflax<br />
Linaria vulgare butter-and-eggs<br />
Linnaea borealis twinflower<br />
Linum lewisii wild blue flax<br />
Listera borealis northern twayblade<br />
Listera caurina northwestern twayblade<br />
Listera convallarioides broad-leaved twayblade<br />
Listera cordata heart-leaved twayblade<br />
Lithophragma glabrum smooth woodland star<br />
Lithophragma parviflorum small-flowered woodland star<br />
Lithophragma tenellum slender woodland star<br />
Lithospermum incisum yellow gromwell<br />
Lithospermum ruderale lemonweed<br />
Lloydia serotina alp lily<br />
Lobaria pulmonaria lungwort<br />
Lobelia dortmanna water lobelia<br />
Loiseleuria procumbens alpine-azalea<br />
Lolium perenne perennial ryegrass<br />
Lomatium ambiguum swale desert-parsley<br />
Lomatium dissectum fern-leaved desert-parsley<br />
Lomatium geyeri Geyer’s desert-parsley<br />
Lomatium gormanii Gorman’s desert-parsley<br />
Lomatium macrocarpum large-fruited desert-parsley<br />
Lomatium nudicaule barestem desert-parsley<br />
Lomatium triternatum narrow-leaved desert-parsley<br />
Lomatium utriculatum spring gold<br />
Lonicera ciliosa western trumpet honeysuckle<br />
Lonicera dioica red honeysuckle<br />
Lonicera hispidula hairy honeysuckle<br />
Lonicera involucrata black twinberry<br />
Lonicera utahensis Utah honeysuckle<br />
Lotus corniculatus birds-foot trefoil<br />
Lotus denticulatus meadow birds-foot trefoil<br />
Luetkea pectinata partridgefoot<br />
16
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Lupinus arcticus arctic lupine<br />
Lupinus bicolor two-coloured lupine<br />
Lupinus burkei bigleaf lupine<br />
Lupinus lepidus prairie lupine<br />
Lupinus littoralis seashore lupine<br />
Lupinus nootkatensis Nootka lupine<br />
Lupinus polyphyllus large-leaved lupine<br />
Lupinus sericeus silky lupine<br />
Lupinus sulphureus sulphur lupine<br />
Luzula arctica arctic woodrush<br />
Luzula arcuata curved alpine woodrush<br />
Luzula hitchcockii smooth woodrush<br />
Luzula multiflora many-flowered woodrush<br />
Luzula parviflora small-flowered woodrush<br />
Luzula piperi Piper’s woodrush<br />
Luzula spicata spiked woodrush<br />
Luzula wahlenbergii Wahlenberg’s woodrush<br />
Lychnis coronaria rose campion<br />
Lycopodium alpinum alpine clubmoss<br />
Lycopodium annotinum stiff clubmoss<br />
Lycopodium clavatum running clubmoss<br />
Lycopodium complanatum ground-cedar<br />
Lycopodium obscurum ground-pine<br />
Lycopodium sitchense Alaska clubmoss<br />
Lygodesmia juncea rush-like skeletonplant<br />
Lysichiton americanum skunk cabbage<br />
Lysimachia thyrsiflora tufted loosestrife<br />
Madia exigua little tarweed<br />
Madia glomerata clustered tarweed<br />
Madia gracilis slender tarweed<br />
Madia madioides woodland tarweed<br />
Mahonia aquifolium tall Oregon-grape<br />
Mahonia nervosa dull Oregon-grape<br />
Mahonia repens creeping Oregon-grape<br />
Maianthemum canadense wild lily-<strong>of</strong>-the-valley<br />
Maianthemum dilatatum false lily-<strong>of</strong>-the-valley<br />
Malus fusca Pacific crab apple<br />
Matteuccia struthiopteris ostrich fern<br />
Medicago lupulina black medic<br />
Medicago sativa alfalfa<br />
Melampyrum lineare cow-wheat<br />
Melica bulbosa oniongrass<br />
Melica smithii Smith’s melic<br />
Melica subulata Alaska oniongrass<br />
Melilotus alba white sweet-clover<br />
Melilotus <strong>of</strong>ficinalis yellow sweet-clover<br />
Mentha arvensis field mint<br />
Mentha spicata spearmint<br />
17
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Mentzelia albicaulis small-flowered mentzelia<br />
Mentzelia laevicaulis blazing-star<br />
Menyanthes trifoliata buckbean<br />
Menziesia ferruginea false azalea<br />
Mertensia longiflora long-flowered bluebells<br />
Mertensia maritima sea bluebells<br />
Mertensia paniculata tall bluebells<br />
Microseris borealis apargidium<br />
Microseris nutans nodding microseris<br />
Microsteris gracilis pink twink<br />
Mimulus alsinoides chickweed monkey-flower<br />
Mimulus floribundus purple-stemmed monkey-flower<br />
Mimulus guttatus yellow monkey-flower<br />
Mimulus guttatus ssp. guttatus yellow monkey-flower<br />
Mimulus guttatus ssp. haidensis Haida monkey-flower<br />
Mimulus lewisii pink monkey-flower<br />
Mimulus moschatus musk-flower<br />
Mimulus tilingii mountain monkey-flower<br />
Minuartia biflora mountain sandwort<br />
Minuartia nuttallii Nuttall’s sandwort<br />
Minuartia obtusiloba alpine sandwort<br />
Minuartia rossii northern sandwort<br />
Minuartia rubella boreal sandwort<br />
Minuartia tenella slender sandwort<br />
Mitella breweri Brewer’s mitrewort<br />
Mitella nuda <strong>common</strong> mitrewort<br />
Mitella ovalis oval-leaved mitrewort<br />
Mitella pentandra five-stamened mitrewort<br />
Mitella trifida three-toothed mitrewort<br />
Mnium leafy moss<br />
Mnium spinulosum red-mouthed leafy moss<br />
Moehringia lateriflora blunt-leaved sandwort<br />
Moehringia macrophylla big-leaved sandwort<br />
Monarda fistulosa var. mollis wild bergamot<br />
Monarda menthifolia mint-leaved bergamot<br />
Moneses uniflora single delight<br />
Monotropa uniflora Indian-pipe<br />
Montia chamissoi Chamisso’s montia<br />
Montia fontana blinks<br />
Montia linearis narrow-leaved montia<br />
Montia parvifolia small-leaved montia<br />
Muhlenbergia asperifolia alkali muhly<br />
Muhlenbergia fili<strong>for</strong>mis slender muhly<br />
Muhlenbergia glomerata marsh muhly<br />
Muhlenbergia richardsonis mat muhly<br />
Mycelis muralis wall-lettuce<br />
Myosotis arvensis field <strong>for</strong>get-me-not<br />
Myosotis asiatica mountain <strong>for</strong>get-me-not<br />
Myosotis laxa small-flowered <strong>for</strong>get-me-not<br />
Myosotis scorpioides <strong>common</strong> <strong>for</strong>get-me-not<br />
Myosotis stricta blue <strong>for</strong>get-me-not<br />
18
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Myosotis sylvatica wood <strong>for</strong>get-me-not<br />
Myosotis verna spring <strong>for</strong>get-me-not<br />
Myosurus aristatus bristly mousetail<br />
Myrica gale sweet gale<br />
Myriophyllum spicatum var. exalbescens northern spiked water-milfoil<br />
Nemophila breviflora Great Basin nemophila<br />
Nemophila menziesii baby-blue-eyes<br />
Nuphar lutea yellow waterlily<br />
Nymphaea odorata fragrant waterlily<br />
Nymphaea tetragona pygmy waterlily<br />
Oemleria cerasi<strong>for</strong>mis Indian-plum<br />
Oenanthe sarmentosa water-parsley<br />
Oenothera depressa yellow evening-primrose<br />
Oenothera pallida pale evening-primrose<br />
Onobrychis viciifolia sainfoin<br />
Oplopanax horridus devil’s club<br />
Opuntia fragilis brittle prickly-pear cactus<br />
Opuntia polyacantha plains prickly-pear cactus<br />
Orobanche cali<strong>for</strong>nica Cali<strong>for</strong>nia broomrape<br />
Orobanche fasciculata clustered broomrape<br />
Orobanche uniflora naked broomrape<br />
Orthilia secunda one-sided wintergreen<br />
Orthocarpus bracteosus rosy owl-clover<br />
Orthocarpus luteus yellow owl-clover<br />
Orthocarpus tenuifolius thin-leaved owl-clover<br />
Oryzopsis asperifolia rough-leaved ricegrass<br />
Oryzopsis exigua little ricegrass<br />
Oryzopsis micrantha little-seeded ricegrass<br />
Oryzopsis pungens short-awned ricegrass<br />
Osmorhiza chilensis mountain sweet-cicely<br />
Osmorhiza depauperata blunt-fruited sweet-cicely<br />
Osmorhiza occidentalis western sweet-cicely<br />
Osmorhiza purpurea purple sweet-cicely<br />
Oxyria digyna mountain sorrel<br />
Oxytropis campestris field locoweed<br />
Oxytropis deflexa pendant-podded locoweed<br />
Oxytropis nigrescens blackish locoweed<br />
Oxytropis podocarpa stalked-pod locoweed<br />
Oxytropis sericea silky locoweed<br />
Oxytropis splendens showy locoweed<br />
Panicum capillare <strong>common</strong> witchgrass<br />
Panicum occidentale western witchgrass<br />
Panicum oligosanthes Scribner’s witchgrass<br />
Parnassia fimbriata fringed grass-<strong>of</strong>-Parnassus<br />
Parnassia kotzebuei Kotzebue’s grass-<strong>of</strong>-Parnassus<br />
Parnassia palustris northern grass-<strong>of</strong>-Parnassus<br />
Parnassia parviflora small-flowered grass-<strong>of</strong>-Parnassus<br />
Paxistima myrsinites falsebox<br />
19
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Pedicularis bracteosa bracted lousewort<br />
Pedicularis capitata capitate lousewort<br />
Pedicularis contorta coil-beaked lousewort<br />
Pedicularis groenlandica elephant’s head<br />
Pedicularis labradorica Labrador lousewort<br />
Pedicularis langsdorfii Langsdorf’s lousewort<br />
Pedicularis macrodonta boreal lousewort<br />
Pedicularis ornithorhyncha bird’s-beak lousewort<br />
Pedicularis parviflora small-flowered lousewort<br />
Pedicularis racemosa sickletop lousewort<br />
Pellaea glabella smooth cliff-brake<br />
Peltigera canina dog lichen<br />
Penstemon albertinus Alberta penstemon<br />
Penstemon attenuatus taper-leaved penstemon<br />
Penstemon confertus yellow penstemon<br />
Penstemon davidsonii Davidson’s penstemon<br />
Penstemon ellipticus oval-leaved penstemon<br />
Penstemon eriantherus fuzzy-tongued penstemon<br />
Penstemon fruticosus shrubby penstemon<br />
Penstemon nemorosus woodland penstemon<br />
Penstemon ovatus broad-leaved penstemon<br />
Penstemon procerus small-flowered penstemon<br />
Penstemon serrulatus coast penstemon<br />
Perideridia gairdneri yampah<br />
Petasites frigidus sweet coltsfoot<br />
Petasites nivalis arctic coltsfoot<br />
Petasites palmatus palmate coltsfoot<br />
Petasites sagittatus arrow-leaved coltsfoot<br />
Phacelia franklinii Franklin’s phacelia<br />
Phacelia hastata silverleaf phacelia<br />
Phacelia heterophylla varileaf phacelia<br />
Phacelia leptosepala narrow-sepaled phacelia<br />
Phacelia linearis thread-leaved phacelia<br />
Phacelia sericea silky phacelia<br />
Phalaris arundinacea reed canarygrass<br />
Phalaris canariensis canarygrass<br />
Philadelphus lewisii mock-orange<br />
Philonotis fontana spring moss<br />
Phleum alpinum alpine timothy<br />
Phleum pratense timothy<br />
Phlox caespitosa tufted phlox<br />
Phlox diffusa spreading phlox<br />
Phlox longifolia long-leaved phlox<br />
Phlox speciosa showy phlox<br />
Phragmites australis <strong>common</strong> reed<br />
Phyllodoce empetri<strong>for</strong>mis pink mountain-heather<br />
Phyllodoce glanduliflora yellow mountain-heather<br />
Physocarpus capitatus Pacific ninebark<br />
Physocarpus malvaceus mallow ninebark<br />
Picea engelmannii Engelmann spruce<br />
20
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Picea glauca white spruce<br />
Picea glauca x engelmannii hybrid white spruce<br />
Picea mariana black spruce<br />
Picea sitchensis Sitka spruce<br />
Picea sitchensis x glauca (= P. x lutzii) Roche spruce<br />
Pinguicula vulgaris butterwort<br />
Pinus albicaulis whitebark pine<br />
Pinus banksiana jack pine<br />
Pinus contorta var. contorta shore pine<br />
Pinus contorta var. latifolia lodgepole pine<br />
Pinus flexilis limber pine<br />
Pinus monticola western white pine<br />
Pinus ponderosa ponderosa pine / yellow pine<br />
Plagiobothrys scouleri Scouler’s popcornflower<br />
Plagiothecium undulatum flat moss<br />
Plantago elongata slender plantain<br />
Plantago lanceolata ribwort plantain<br />
Plantago major <strong>common</strong> plantain<br />
Plantago patagonica Indian-wheat<br />
Platanthera chorisiana small bog-orchid<br />
Platanthera dilatata white bog-orchid<br />
Platanthera hyperborea green-flowered bog-orchid<br />
Platanthera obtusata one-leaved rein-orchid<br />
Platanthera orbiculata round-leaved rein-orchid<br />
Platanthera stricta slender bog-orchid<br />
Platanthera unalascensis Alaska rein-orchid<br />
Plectritis congesta sea blush<br />
Pleurozium schreberi red-stemmed feathermoss<br />
Poa alpina alpine bluegrass<br />
Poa annua annual bluegrass<br />
Poa arctica arctic bluegrass<br />
Poa bulbosa bulbous bluegrass<br />
Poa canbyi Canby’s bluegrass<br />
Poa compressa Canada bluegrass<br />
Poa cusickii Cusick’s bluegrass<br />
Poa fendleriana muttongrass<br />
Poa glauca glaucous bluegrass<br />
Poa glaucifolia pale-leaved bluegrass<br />
Poa gracillima Pacific bluegrass<br />
Poa incurva curly bluegrass<br />
Poa interior inland bluegrass<br />
Poa juncifolia alkali bluegrass<br />
Poa lanata hairy bluegrass<br />
Poa laxiflora lax-flowered bluegrass<br />
Poa leptocoma bog bluegrass<br />
Poa lettermanii Letterman’s bluegrass<br />
Poa nemoralis wood bluegrass<br />
Poa nervosa Wheeler’s bluegrass<br />
Poa nevadensis Nevada bluegrass<br />
Poa palustris fowl bluegrass<br />
21
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Poa pattersonii Patterson’s bluegrass<br />
Poa pratensis Kentucky bluegrass<br />
Poa reflexa nodding bluegrass<br />
Poa rupicola timberline bluegrass<br />
Poa sandbergii Sandberg’s bluegrass<br />
Poa stenantha Trinius’ bluegrass<br />
Poa trivialis roughstalk bluegrass<br />
Polemonium boreale northern Jacob’s-ladder<br />
Polemonium caeruleum tall Jacob’s-ladder<br />
Polemonium elegans elegant Jacob’s-ladder<br />
Polemonium micranthum annual Jacob’s-ladder<br />
Polemonium pulcherrimum showy Jacob’s-ladder<br />
Polemonium viscosum sticky Jacob’s-ladder<br />
Polygonum amphibium water smartweed<br />
Polygonum aviculare prostrate knotweed<br />
Polygonum douglasii Douglas’ knotweed<br />
Polygonum fowleri Fowler’s knotweed<br />
Polygonum hydropiper marshpepper smartweed<br />
Polygonum hydropiperoides swamp smartweed<br />
Polygonum kelloggii Kellogg’s knotweed<br />
Polygonum majus wiry knotweed<br />
Polygonum minimum leafy dwarf knotweed<br />
Polygonum nuttallii Nuttall’s knotweed<br />
Polygonum paronychia beach knotweed<br />
Polygonum persicaria lady’s-thumb<br />
Polygonum ramosissimum yellow-flowered knotweed<br />
Polygonum spergularii<strong>for</strong>me spurry knotweed<br />
Polypodium glycyrrhiza licorice fern<br />
Polypodium hesperium western polypody<br />
Polypodium montense Pacific polypody<br />
Polypodium scouleri leatherleaf polypody<br />
Polystichum braunii Braun’s holly fern<br />
Polystichum lonchitis mountain holly fern<br />
Polystichum munitum sword fern<br />
Polytrichum juniperinum juniper haircap moss<br />
Polytrichum piliferum awned haircap moss<br />
Populus balsamifera poplar<br />
Populus balsamifera ssp. balsamifera balsam poplar<br />
Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa black cottonwood<br />
Populus tremuloides trembling aspen<br />
Potamogeton alpinus northern pondweed<br />
Potamogeton epihydrus ribbon-leaved pondweed<br />
Potamogeton fili<strong>for</strong>mis slender-leaved pondweed<br />
Potamogeton foliosus closed-leaved pondweed<br />
Potamogeton gramineus grass-leaved pondweed<br />
Potamogeton natans floating-leaved pondweed<br />
Potamogeton nodosus long-leaved pondweed<br />
Potamogeton pectinatus fennel-leaved pondweed<br />
Potamogeton pusillus small pondweed<br />
Potamogeton robbinsii Robbin’s pondweed<br />
22
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Potamogeton vaginatus sheathed pondweed<br />
Potamogeton zosteri<strong>for</strong>mis eel-grass pondweed<br />
Potentilla anserina silverweed<br />
Potentilla argentea silvery cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla arguta white cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla diversifolia diverse-leaved cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla drummondii Drummond’s cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla flabellifolia fan-leaved cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla fruticosa shrubby cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla glandulosa sticky cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla gracilis graceful cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla hippiana woolly cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla hookeriana Hooker’s cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla hyparctica arctic cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla nivea snow cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla norvegica Norwegian cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla ovina sheep cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla palustris marsh cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla pensylvanica prairie cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla quinquefolia five-leaved cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla rivalis brook cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla uniflora one-flowered cinquefoil<br />
Potentilla villosa villous cinquefoil<br />
Prenanthes alata western rattlesnake-root<br />
Prenanthes racemosa purple rattlesnake-root<br />
Prunella vulgaris self-heal<br />
Prunus emarginata bitter cherry<br />
Prunus pensylvanica pin cherry<br />
Prunus virginiana choke cherry<br />
Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas-fir<br />
Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca interior Douglas-fir<br />
Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii coast Douglas-fir<br />
Pteridium aquilinum bracken<br />
Pterospora andromedea pinedrops<br />
Ptilium crista-castrensis knight’s plume<br />
Puccinellia borealis northern alkaligrass<br />
Puccinellia distans weeping alkaligrass<br />
Puccinellia interior inland alkaligrass<br />
Puccinellia nutkaensis Pacific alkaligrass<br />
Puccinellia nuttalliana Nuttall’s alkaligrass<br />
Puccinellia pumila dwarf alkaligrass<br />
Pulsatilla occidentalis western pasqueflower<br />
Pulsatilla patens ssp. multifida prairie crocus<br />
Purshia tridentata antelope-brush<br />
Pyrola asarifolia pink wintergreen<br />
Pyrola chlorantha green wintergreen<br />
Pyrola dentata Nootka wintergreen<br />
Pyrola elliptica white wintergreen<br />
Pyrola grandiflora arctic wintergreen<br />
Pyrola minor lesser wintergreen<br />
Pyrola picta white-veined wintergreen<br />
23
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Quercus garryana Garry oak<br />
Ranunculus abortivus kidney-leaved buttercup<br />
Ranunculus acris meadow buttercup<br />
Ranunculus amphibius stiff-leaved water-buttercup<br />
Ranunculus aquatilis white water-buttercup<br />
Ranunculus cardiophyllus heart-leaved buttercup<br />
Ranunculus cooleyae Cooley’s buttercup<br />
Ranunculus cymbalaria shore buttercup<br />
Ranunculus eschscholtzii subalpine buttercup<br />
Ranunculus flabellaris yellow water-buttercup<br />
Ranunculus flammula lesser spearwort<br />
Ranunculus glaberrimus sagebrush buttercup<br />
Ranunculus gmelinii small yellow water-buttercup<br />
Ranunculus hyperboreus far-northern buttercup<br />
Ranunculus inamoenus unlovely buttercup<br />
Ranunculus lapponicus Lapland buttercup<br />
Ranunculus macounii Macoun’s buttercup<br />
Ranunculus nivalis snow buttercup<br />
Ranunculus occidentalis western buttercup<br />
Ranunculus orthorhynchus straight-beaked buttercup<br />
Ranunculus pedatifidus birdfoot buttercup<br />
Ranunculus pensylvanicus Pensylvania buttercup<br />
Ranunculus repens creeping buttercup<br />
Ranunculus reptans spear-leaved buttercup<br />
Ranunculus sceleratus celery-leaved buttercup<br />
Ranunculus uncinatus little buttercup<br />
Ranunculus verecundus modest buttercup<br />
Rhacomitrium canescens grey frayed-cap moss<br />
Rhamnus alnifolius alder-leaved buckthorn<br />
Rhamnus purshianus cascara<br />
Rhinanthus minor yellow rattle<br />
Rhododendron albiflorum white-flowered rhododendron<br />
Rhododendron lapponicum Lapland rosebay<br />
Rhododendron macrophyllum Pacific rhododendron<br />
Rhus glabra sumac<br />
Rhynchospora alba beak-sedge<br />
Rhytidiadelphus loreus lanky moss<br />
Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus bent-leaf moss<br />
Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus electrified cat’s-tail moss<br />
Rhytidiopsis robusta pipecleaner moss<br />
Ribes bracteosum stink currant<br />
Ribes cereum squaw currant<br />
Ribes divaricatum wild gooseberry<br />
Ribes glandulosum skunk currant<br />
Ribes howellii maple-leaved currant<br />
Ribes hudsonianum northern black currant<br />
Ribes inerme white-stemmed gooseberry<br />
Ribes irriguum Idaho gooseberry<br />
Ribes lacustre black gooseberry<br />
24
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Ribes laxiflorum trailing black currant<br />
Ribes lobbii gummy gooseberry<br />
Ribes montigenum mountain gooseberry<br />
Ribes oxyacanthoides northern gooseberry<br />
Ribes sanguineum red-flowering currant<br />
Ribes triste red swamp currant<br />
Ribes viscosissimum sticky currant<br />
Ricciocarpos natans floating liverwort<br />
Robinia pseudoacacia black locust<br />
Romanz<strong>of</strong>fia sitchensis Sitka mistmaiden<br />
Rorippa curvipes blunt-leaved yellow cress<br />
Rorippa sylvestris creeping yellow cress<br />
Rosa acicularis prickly rose<br />
Rosa gymnocarpa baldhip rose<br />
Rosa nutkana Nootka rose<br />
Rosa pisocarpa clustered wild rose<br />
Rosa woodsii prairie rose<br />
Rubus arcticus dwarf nagoonberry<br />
Rubus chamaemorus cloudberry<br />
Rubus discolor Himalayan blackberry<br />
Rubus idaeus red raspberry<br />
Rubus laciniatus evergreen blackberry<br />
Rubus leucodermis black raspberry<br />
Rubus nivalis snow bramble<br />
Rubus parviflorus thimbleberry<br />
Rubus pedatus five-leaved bramble<br />
Rubus pubescens trailing raspberry<br />
Rubus spectabilis salmonberry<br />
Rubus ursinus trailing blackberry<br />
Rumex acetosa garden sorrel<br />
Rumex acetosella sour weed<br />
Rumex crispus curly dock<br />
Rumex maritimus golden dock<br />
Rumex obtusifolius broad-leaved dock<br />
Rumex occidentalis western dock<br />
Sagina saginoides arctic pearlwort<br />
Sagittaria latifolia wapato<br />
Salicornia europaea European glasswort<br />
Salicornia europaea ssp. europaea green European glasswort<br />
Salicornia europaea ssp. rubra red European glasswort<br />
Salix alaxensis Alaska willow<br />
Salix amygdaloides peach-leaf willow<br />
Salix arbusculoides northern bush willow<br />
Salix arctica arctic willow<br />
Salix athabascensis Athabasca willow<br />
Salix barclayi Barclay’s willow<br />
Salix barrattiana Barratt’s willow<br />
Salix bebbiana Bebb’s willow<br />
Salix brachycarpa short-fruited willow<br />
Salix candida hoary willow<br />
25
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Salix cascadensis Cascade willow<br />
Salix commutata variable willow<br />
Salix discolor pussy willow<br />
Salix drummondiana Drummond’s willow<br />
Salix exigua coyote willow<br />
Salix farriae Farr’s willow<br />
Salix geyeriana Geyer’s willow<br />
Salix glauca grey-leaved willow<br />
Salix hookeriana Hooker’s willow<br />
Salix interior sandbar willow<br />
Salix lanata woolly willow<br />
Salix lasiandra Pacific willow<br />
Salix maccalliana Maccall’s willow<br />
Salix mackenzieana Mackenzie’s willow<br />
Salix myrtillifolia bilberry willow<br />
Salix novae-angliae New England willow<br />
Salix pedicellaris bog willow<br />
Salix planifolia tea-leaved willow<br />
Salix polaris polar willow<br />
Salix pseudomonticola mountain willow<br />
Salix pyrifolia balsam willow<br />
Salix reticulata netted willow<br />
Salix reticulata ssp. nivalis snow willow<br />
Salix scouleriana Scouler’s willow<br />
Salix sessilifolia s<strong>of</strong>t-leaved willow<br />
Salix sitchensis Sitka willow<br />
Salix stolonifera stoloniferous willow<br />
Salix vestita rock willow<br />
Salsola kali Russian thistle<br />
Sambucus cerulea blue elderberry<br />
Sambucus racemosa red elderberry<br />
Sanguisorba annua annual burnet<br />
Sanguisorba canadensis Sitka burnet<br />
Sanguisorba menziesii Menzies’ burnet<br />
Sanguisorba <strong>of</strong>ficinalis great burnet<br />
Sanicula crassicaulis Pacific sanicle<br />
Sanicula graveolens Sierra sanicle<br />
Sanicula marilandica black snake-root<br />
Sarracenia purpurea pitcher-plant<br />
Satureja douglasii yerba buena<br />
Saxifraga adcendens wedge-leaved saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga aizoides evergreen saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga bronchialis spotted saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga cernua nodding saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga cespitosa tufted saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga ferruginea Alaska saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga flagellaris stoloniferous saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga integrifolia grassland saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga lyallii red-stemmed saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga mertensiana wood saxifrage<br />
26
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Saxifraga nelsoniana brook saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga nivalis alpine saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga occidentalis western saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga odontoloma stream saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga oppositifolia purple mountain saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga rufidula rusty-haired saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga tolmiei Tolmie’s saxifrage<br />
Saxifraga tricuspidata three-toothed saxifrage<br />
Scheuchzeria palustris scheuchzeria<br />
Schizachne purpurascens false melic<br />
Schoenocrambe linifolia flax-leaved plainsmustard<br />
Scirpus lacustris great bulrush<br />
Scirpus microcarpus small-flowered bulrush<br />
Scirpus nevadensis Nevada bulrush<br />
Scirpus paludosus alkali bulrush<br />
Scolochloa festucacea sprangle-top<br />
Scutellaria angustifolia narrow-leaved skullcap<br />
Scutellaria galericulata marsh skullcap<br />
Scutellaria lateriflora blue skullcap<br />
Sedum divergens spreading stonecrop<br />
Sedum integrifolium roseroot<br />
Sedum lanceolatum lance-leaved stonecrop<br />
Sedum oreganum Oregon stonecrop<br />
Sedum spathulifolium broad-leaved stonecrop<br />
Sedum stenopetalum worm-leaved stonecrop<br />
Selaginella densa compact selaginella<br />
Selaginella selaginoides low selaginella<br />
Selaginella sibirica northern selaginella<br />
Selaginella wallacei Wallace’s selaginella<br />
Senecio canus woolly groundsel<br />
Senecio conterminus high alpine butterweed<br />
Senecio cymbalarioides alpine meadow butterweed<br />
Senecio eremophilus dryland ragwort<br />
Senecio foetidus sweet-marsh butterweed<br />
Senecio indecorus rayless mountain butterweed<br />
Senecio integerrimus western groundsel<br />
Senecio jacobaea tansy ragwort<br />
Senecio lugens black-tipped groundsel<br />
Senecio newcombei Newcombe’s butterweed<br />
Senecio pauciflorus rayless alpine butterweed<br />
Senecio pauperculus Canadian butterweed<br />
Senecio pseudaureus streambank butterweed<br />
Senecio streptanthifolius Rocky Mountain butterweed<br />
Senecio sylvaticus wood groundsel<br />
Senecio triangularis arrow-leaved groundsel<br />
Senecio vulgaris <strong>common</strong> groundsel<br />
Setaria viridis green bristlegrass<br />
Shepherdia canadensis soopolallie<br />
Sibbaldia procumbens sibbaldia<br />
27
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Silene acaulis moss campion<br />
Silene alba white campion<br />
Silene antirrhina sleepy catchfly<br />
Silene dichotoma <strong>for</strong>ked catchfly<br />
Silene douglasii Douglas’ campion<br />
Silene menziesii Menzies’ campion<br />
Silene noctiflora night-flowering catchfly<br />
Silene parryi Parry’s campion<br />
Silene scouleri Scouler’s campion<br />
Silene vulgaris bladder campion<br />
Sisymbrium altissimum tall tumble-mustard<br />
Sisymbrium loeselii Loesel’s tumble-mustard<br />
Sisymbrium <strong>of</strong>ficinale hedge mustard<br />
Sisyrinchium cali<strong>for</strong>nicum golden-eyed grass<br />
Sisyrinchium douglasii satin-flower<br />
Sisyrinchium idahoense Idaho blue-eyed-grass<br />
Sisyrinchium inflatum purple blue-eyed-grass<br />
Sisyrinchium littorale shore blue-eyed-grass<br />
Sisyrinchium montanum mountain blue-eyed-grass<br />
Sisyrinchium septentrionale northern blue-eyed-grass<br />
Sitanion hystrix squirreltail grass<br />
Sium sauve water-parsnip<br />
Smelowskia calycina alpine smelowskia<br />
Smilacina racemosa false Solomon’s-seal<br />
Smilacina stellata star-flowered false Solomon’s-seal<br />
Smilacina trifolia three-leaved false Solomon’s-seal<br />
Solanum americanum black nightshade<br />
Solanum dulcamara bittersweet<br />
Solanum rostratum buffalo-bur<br />
Solanum triflorum cut-leaved nightshade<br />
Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod<br />
Solidago gigantea smooth goldenrod<br />
Solidago missouriensis Missouri goldenrod<br />
Solidago multiradiata northern goldenrod<br />
Solidago spathulata spike-like goldenrod<br />
Sonchus arvensis perennial sow-thistle<br />
Sonchus oleraceus annual sow-thistle<br />
Sorbus aucuparia European mountain-ash<br />
Sorbus scopulina western mountain-ash<br />
Sorbus sitchensis Sitka mountain-ash<br />
Sparganium emersum emersed bur-reed<br />
Sparganium emersum var. angustifolium narrow-leaved bur-reed<br />
Sparganium emersum var. emersum simple-stemmed bur-reed<br />
Sparganium emersum var. multipedunculatum floating bur-reed<br />
Sparganium eurycarpum broad-fruited bur-reed<br />
Sparganium hyperboreum northern bur-reed<br />
Sparganium minimum small bur-reed<br />
Spartina gracilis alkali cordgrass<br />
Spergula arvensis corn-spurry<br />
Spergularia canadensis Canadian sand-spurry<br />
28
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Spergularia macrotheca beach sand-spurry<br />
Spergularia rubra red sand-spurry<br />
Sphagnum sphagnum<br />
Sphagnum capillaceum <strong>common</strong> red sphagnum<br />
Sphagnum fuscum <strong>common</strong> brown sphagnum<br />
Sphagnum girgensohnii <strong>common</strong> green sphagnum<br />
Spiraea betulifolia birch-leaved spirea<br />
Spiraea densiflora subalpine spirea<br />
Spiraea douglasii hardhack<br />
Spiraea douglasii ssp. douglasii hardhack<br />
Spiraea douglasii ssp. menziesii pink spirea<br />
Spiraea pyramidata pyramid spirea<br />
Spiranthes romanz<strong>of</strong>fiana ladies’ tresses<br />
Spirodela polyrhiza great duckweed<br />
Sporobolus cryptandrus sand dropseed<br />
Stachys cooleyae Cooley’s hedge-nettle<br />
Stachys mexicana Mexican hedge-nettle<br />
Stachys palustris swamp hedge-nettle<br />
Stellaria calycantha northern starwort<br />
Stellaria crispa crisp starwort<br />
Stellaria longifolia long-leaved starwort<br />
Stellaria longipes long-stalked starwort<br />
Stellaria media chickweed<br />
Stenanthium occidentale mountainbells<br />
Stephanomeria tenuifolia narrow-leaved skeletonweed<br />
Stipa comata needle-and-thread grass<br />
Stipa hymenoides Indian-ricegrass<br />
Stipa occidentalis stiff needlegrass<br />
Stipa richardsonii spreading needlegrass<br />
Stipa spartea porcupinegrass<br />
Stipa viridula green needlegrass<br />
Stokesiella oreganum Oregon beaked moss<br />
Streptopus amplexifolius clasping twistedstalk<br />
Streptopus roseus rosy twistedstalk<br />
Streptopus streptopoides small twistedstalk<br />
Suaeda depressa seablite<br />
Suksdorfia ranunculifolia buttercup-leaved saxifrage<br />
Suksdorfia violacea violet saxifrage<br />
Symphoricarpos albus <strong>common</strong> snowberry<br />
Symphoricarpos mollis trailing snowberry<br />
Symphoricarpos occidentalis western snowberry<br />
Symphoricarpos oreophilus mountain snowberry<br />
Tanacetum bipinnatum western dune tansy<br />
Tanacetum vulgare <strong>common</strong> tansy<br />
Taraxacum ceratophorum horned dandelion<br />
Taraxacum laevigatum red-seeded dandelion<br />
Taraxacum lyratum horned dandelion<br />
Taraxacum <strong>of</strong>ficinale <strong>common</strong> dandelion<br />
Taxus brevifolia western yew<br />
29
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Tellima grandiflora tall fringecup<br />
Tetradymia canescens gray horsebrush<br />
Thalictrum alpinum alpine meadowrue<br />
Thalictrum occidentale western meadowrue<br />
Thalictrum sparsiflorum few-flowered meadowrue<br />
Thalictrum venulosum veiny meadowrue<br />
Thelypteris phegopteris beech fern<br />
Thlaspi arvense field pennycress<br />
Thuja plicata western redcedar<br />
Tiarella laciniata cut-leaved foamflower<br />
Tiarella trifoliata three-leaved foamflower<br />
Tiarella unifoliata one-leaved foamflower<br />
T<strong>of</strong>ieldia coccinea northern false asphodel<br />
T<strong>of</strong>ieldia glutinosa sticky false asphodel<br />
T<strong>of</strong>ieldia pusilla <strong>common</strong> false asphodel<br />
Tolmiea menziesii piggy-back plant<br />
Tomenthypnum nitens golden fuzzy fen moss<br />
Torreyochloa pauciflora weak false-manna<br />
Toxicodendron diversilobum poison-oak<br />
Toxicodendron rydbergii poison-ivy<br />
Tragopogon dubius yellow salsify<br />
Tragopogon porrifolius <strong>common</strong> salsify<br />
Tragopogon pratensis meadow salsify<br />
Trautvetteria caroliniensis false bugbane<br />
Trichophorum alpinum Hudson Bay clubrush<br />
Trichophorum cespitosum tufted clubrush<br />
Trientalis europaea northern starflower<br />
Trientalis latifolia broad-leaved starflower<br />
Trifolium aureum yellow clover<br />
Trifolium dubium small hop clover<br />
Trifolium hybridum alsike clover<br />
Trifolium pratense red clover<br />
Trifolium repens white clover<br />
Triglochin maritimum seaside arrow-grass<br />
Triglochin palustre marsh arrow-grass<br />
Trillium ovatum western trillium<br />
Trisetum cernuum nodding trisetum<br />
Trisetum spicatum spike trisetum<br />
Triteleia hyacinthina fool’s-onion<br />
Trollius laxus globeflower<br />
Tsuga heterophylla western hemlock<br />
Tsuga mertensiana mountain hemlock<br />
Typha latifolia cattail<br />
Ulex europaeus gorse<br />
Urtica dioica stinging nettle<br />
Utricularia intermedia flat-leaved bladderwort<br />
Utricularia minor lesser bladderwort<br />
Utricularia vulgaris greater bladderwort<br />
30
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Vaccinium alaskaense Alaskan blueberry<br />
Vaccinium caespitosum dwarf blueberry<br />
Vaccinium deliciosum blue-leaved huckleberry<br />
Vaccinium membranaceum black huckleberry<br />
Vaccinium microcarpum dwarf bog cranberry<br />
Vaccinium myrtilloides velvet-leaved blueberry<br />
Vaccinium myrtillus low bilberry<br />
Vaccinium ovalifolium oval-leaved blueberry<br />
Vaccinium ovatum evergreen huckleberry<br />
Vaccinium oxycoccos bog cranberry<br />
Vaccinium parvifolium red huckleberry<br />
Vaccinium scoparium grouseberry<br />
Vaccinium uliginosum bog blueberry<br />
Vaccinium vitis-idaea lingonberry<br />
Vahlodea atropurpurea mountain hairgrass<br />
Valeriana dioica marsh valerian<br />
Valeriana sitchensis Sitka valerian<br />
Valeriana sitchensis ssp. scouleri Scouler’s Sitka valerian<br />
Veratrum viride Indian hellebore<br />
Verbascum blattaria moth mullein<br />
Verbascum phlomoides woolly mullein<br />
Verbascum thapsus great mullein<br />
Veronica americana American brooklime<br />
Veronica anagallis-aquatica water speedwell<br />
Veronica cusickii Cusick’s speedwell<br />
Veronica fili<strong>for</strong>mis slender speedwell<br />
Veronica peregrinus purslane speedwell<br />
Veronica scutellata marsh speedwell<br />
Veronica serpyllifolia thyme-leaved speedwell<br />
Veronica wormskjoldii alpine speedwell<br />
Viburnum edule highbush-cranberry<br />
Viburnum opulus American bush-cranberry<br />
Vicia americana American vetch<br />
Vicia cracca tufted vetch<br />
Vicia gigantea giant vetch<br />
Vicia sativa <strong>common</strong> vetch<br />
Vicia villosa hairy vetch<br />
Viola adunca early blue violet<br />
Viola canadensis Canada violet<br />
Viola glabella stream violet<br />
Viola langsdorfii Alaska violet<br />
Viola macloskeyi small white violet<br />
Viola nephrophylla northern bog violet<br />
Viola nuttallii Nuttall’s violet<br />
Viola nuttallii ssp. nuttallii yellow prairie violet<br />
Viola nuttallii ssp. praemorsa yellow montane violet<br />
Viola nuttallii ssp. vallicola yellow sagebrush violet<br />
Viola orbiculata round-leaved violet<br />
Viola palustris marsh violet<br />
Viola renifolia kidney-leaved violet<br />
31
LATIN NAME COMMON NAME<br />
Viola sempervirens trailing yellow violet<br />
Viola septentrionalis northern violet<br />
Vulpia myuros rattail fescue<br />
Vulpia oct<strong>of</strong>lora six-weeks fescue<br />
Woodsia glabella smooth woodsia<br />
Woodsia oregana Oregon woodsia<br />
Woodsia scopulina Rocky Mountain woodsia<br />
Xerophyllum tenax bear-grass<br />
Zigadenus elegans mountain death-camas<br />
Zigadenus venenosus meadow death-camas<br />
32
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
agoseris, annual Agoseris heterophylla<br />
agoseris, large-flowered Agoseris grandiflora<br />
agoseris, orange Agoseris aurantiaca<br />
agoseris, pale Agoseris glauca<br />
agoseris, tall Agoseris elata<br />
alder, green Alnus viridis ssp. fruticosa<br />
alder, mountain Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia<br />
alder, red Alnus rubra<br />
alder, Sitka Alnus viridis ssp. sinuata<br />
alfalfa Medicago sativa<br />
alkaligrass, dwarf Puccinellia pumila<br />
alkaligrass, inland Puccinellia interior<br />
alkaligrass, northern Puccinellia borealis<br />
alkaligrass, Nuttall’s Puccinellia nuttalliana<br />
alkaligrass, Pacific Puccinellia nutkaensis<br />
alkaligrass, weeping Puccinellia distans<br />
alpine-azalea Loiseleuria procumbens<br />
alpine-wintergreen Gaultheria humifusa<br />
alumroot, meadow Heuchera chlorantha<br />
alumroot, round-leaved Heuchera cylindrica<br />
alumroot, small-flowered Heuchera micrantha<br />
alumroot, smooth Heuchera glabra<br />
alyssum, pale Alyssum alyssoides<br />
American brooklime Veronica americana<br />
anemone, alpine Anemone drummondii<br />
anemone, cut-leaved Anemone multifida<br />
anemone, Lyall’s Anemone lyallii<br />
anemone, narcissus Anemone narcissiflora<br />
anemone, northern Anemone parviflora<br />
anemone, yellow Anemone richardsonii<br />
angelica, kneeling Angelica genuflexa<br />
angelica, sharptooth Angelica arguta<br />
antelope-brush Purshia tridentata<br />
apargidium Microseris borealis<br />
apple, Pacific crab Malus fusca<br />
arbutus Arbutus menziesii<br />
arnica, alpine Arnica alpina<br />
arnica, hairy Arnica mollis<br />
arnica, heart-leaved Arnica cordifolia<br />
arnica, meadow Arnica chamissonis<br />
arnica, mountain Arnica latifolia<br />
arnica, orange Arnica fulgens<br />
arnica, Parry’s Arnica parryi<br />
arnica, Rydberg’s Arnica rydbergii<br />
arnica, streambank Arnica amplexicaulis<br />
arrow-grass, marsh Triglochin palustre<br />
arrow-grass, seaside Triglochin maritimum<br />
asparagus Asparagus <strong>of</strong>ficinalis<br />
aspen, trembling Populus tremuloides<br />
asphodel, <strong>common</strong> false T<strong>of</strong>ieldia pusilla<br />
33
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
asphodel, northern false T<strong>of</strong>ieldia coccinea<br />
asphodel, sticky false T<strong>of</strong>ieldia glutinosa<br />
aster, alpine Aster alpinus<br />
aster, arctic Aster sibiricus<br />
aster, Douglas’ Aster subspicatus<br />
aster, Eaton’s Aster eatonii<br />
aster, Engelmann’s Aster engelmannii<br />
aster, fringed Aster ciliolatus<br />
aster, great northern Aster modestus<br />
aster, leafy Aster foliaceus<br />
aster, meadow Aster campestris<br />
aster, rush Aster borealis<br />
aster, showy Aster conspicuus<br />
aster, tufted white prairie Aster pansus<br />
aster, western Aster occidentalis<br />
avens, caltha-leaved Geum calthifolium<br />
avens, large-leaved Geum macrophyllum<br />
avens, Queen Charlotte Geum sch<strong>of</strong>ieldii<br />
avens, Ross’ Geum rossii<br />
avens, sharp-toothed Geum perincisum<br />
avens, water Geum rivale<br />
avens, yellow Geum aleppicum<br />
azalea, false Menziesia ferruginea<br />
baby-blue-eyes Nemophila menziesii<br />
balsamroot, arrow-leaved Balsamorhiza sagittata<br />
balsamroot, deltoid Balsamorhiza deltoidea<br />
baneberry Actaea rubra<br />
barley, foxtail Hordeum jubatum<br />
barley, meadow Hordeum brachyantherum<br />
bassia, five-hooked Bassia hyssopifolia<br />
beak-sedge Rhynchospora alba<br />
bear-grass Xerophyllum tenax<br />
bearberry, alpine Arctostaphylos alpina<br />
bearberry, red Arctostaphylos rubra<br />
bedstraw, boreal Galium kamtschaticum<br />
bedstraw, northern Galium boreale<br />
bedstraw, Pacific Galium cymosum<br />
bedstraw, small Galium trifidum<br />
bedstraw, sweet-scented Galium triflorum<br />
beggarticks, nodding Bidens cernua<br />
bentgrass, alpine Agrostis humilis<br />
bentgrass, creeping Agrostis stolonifera<br />
bentgrass, dune Agrostis pallens<br />
bentgrass, hair Agrostis scabra<br />
bentgrass, Idaho Agrostis idahoensis<br />
bentgrass, mountain Agrostis variabilis<br />
bentgrass, northern Agrostis aequivalvis<br />
bentgrass, spike Agrostis exarata<br />
bentgrass, Thurber’s Agrostis thurberiana<br />
34
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
bergamot, mint-leaved Monarda menthifolia<br />
bergamot, wild Monarda fistulosa var. mollis<br />
bilberry, low Vaccinium myrtillus<br />
bindweed, beach Calystegia soldanella<br />
bindweed, hedge Calystegia sepium<br />
birch, Alaska paper Betula neoalaskana<br />
birch, paper Betula papyrifera<br />
birch, scrub Betula glandulosa<br />
birch, swamp Betula nana<br />
birch, water Betula occidentalis<br />
bistort, alpine Bistorta vivipara<br />
bistort, American Bistorta bistortoides<br />
bitter-cress, alpine Cardamine bellidifolia<br />
bitter-cress, Brewer’s Cardamine breweri<br />
bitter-cress, heart-leaved Cardamine cordifolia<br />
bitter-cress, little western Cardamine oligosperma<br />
bitter-cress, Nuttall’s Cardamine nuttallii<br />
bitter-cress, Pennsylvania Cardamine pensylvanica<br />
bitter-cress, Siberian Cardamine umbellata<br />
bitter-cress, western Cardamine occidentalis<br />
bitterroot Lewisia rediviva<br />
bittersweet Solanum dulcamara<br />
blackberry, evergreen Rubus laciniatus<br />
blackberry, Himalayan Rubus discolor<br />
blackberry, trailing Rubus ursinus<br />
bladderpod, Columbia Lesquerella douglasii<br />
bladderwort, flat-leaved Utricularia intermedia<br />
bladderwort, greater Utricularia vulgaris<br />
bladderwort, lesser Utricularia minor<br />
blazing-star Mentzelia laevicaulis<br />
bleeding heart Dicentra <strong>for</strong>mosa<br />
blinks Montia fontana<br />
blue-eyed Mary, large-flowered Collinsia grandiflora<br />
blue-eyed Mary, small-flowered Collinsia parviflora<br />
blue-eyed-grass, Idaho Sisyrinchium idahoense<br />
blue-eyed-grass, mountain Sisyrinchium montanum<br />
blue-eyed-grass, northern Sisyrinchium septentrionale<br />
blue-eyed-grass, purple Sisyrinchium inflatum<br />
blue-eyed-grass, shore Sisyrinchium littorale<br />
blue-mustard Chorispora tenella<br />
bluebells, long-flowered Mertensia longiflora<br />
bluebells, sea Mertensia maritima<br />
bluebells, tall Mertensia paniculata<br />
blueberry, Alaskan Vaccinium alaskaense<br />
blueberry, bog Vaccinium uliginosum<br />
blueberry, dwarf Vaccinium caespitosum<br />
blueberry, oval-leaved Vaccinium ovalifolium<br />
blueberry, velvet-leaved Vaccinium myrtilloides<br />
bluegrass, alkali Poa juncifolia<br />
bluegrass, alpine Poa alpina<br />
bluegrass, annual Poa annua<br />
35
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
bluegrass, arctic Poa arctica<br />
bluegrass, bog Poa leptocoma<br />
bluegrass, bulbous Poa bulbosa<br />
bluegrass, Canada Poa compressa<br />
bluegrass, Canby’s Poa canbyi<br />
bluegrass, curly Poa incurva<br />
bluegrass, Cusick’s Poa cusickii<br />
bluegrass, fowl Poa palustris<br />
bluegrass, glaucous Poa glauca<br />
bluegrass, hairy Poa lanata<br />
bluegrass, inland Poa interior<br />
bluegrass, Kentucky Poa pratensis<br />
bluegrass, lax-flowered Poa laxiflora<br />
bluegrass, Letterman’s Poa lettermanii<br />
bluegrass, Nevada Poa nevadensis<br />
bluegrass, nodding Poa reflexa<br />
bluegrass, Pacific Poa gracillima<br />
bluegrass, pale-leaved Poa glaucifolia<br />
bluegrass, Patterson’s Poa pattersonii<br />
bluegrass, roughstalk Poa trivialis<br />
bluegrass, Sandberg’s Poa sandbergii<br />
bluegrass, timberline Poa rupicola<br />
bluegrass, Trinius’ Poa stenantha<br />
bluegrass, Wheeler’s Poa nervosa<br />
bluegrass, wood Poa nemoralis<br />
bluejoint Calamagrostis canadensis<br />
bog-laurel Kalmia microphylla ssp. occidentalis<br />
bog-laurel, alpine Kalmia microphylla spp. microphylla<br />
bog-orchid, green-flowered Platanthera hyperborea<br />
bog-orchid, slender Platanthera stricta<br />
bog-orchid, small Platanthera chorisiana<br />
bog-orchid, white Platanthera dilatata<br />
bog-rosemary Andromeda polifolia<br />
boykinia, coast Boykinia occidentalis<br />
bracken Pteridium aquilinum<br />
bramble, five-leaved Rubus pedatus<br />
bramble, snow Rubus nivalis<br />
bristlegrass, green Setaria viridis<br />
brome, Alaska Bromus sitchensis<br />
brome, Cali<strong>for</strong>nia Bromus carinatus<br />
brome, Columbia Bromus vulgaris<br />
brome, fringed Bromus ciliatus<br />
brome, nodding Bromus anomalus<br />
brome, pumpelly Bromus inermis ssp. pumpellianus<br />
brome, smooth Bromus inermis ssp. inermis<br />
brome, s<strong>of</strong>t Bromus mollis<br />
broom, Scotch Cytisus scoparius<br />
broomrape, Cali<strong>for</strong>nia Orobanche cali<strong>for</strong>nica<br />
broomrape, clustered Orobanche fasciculata<br />
36
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
broomrape, naked Orobanche uniflora<br />
brown-eyed Susan Gaillardia aristata<br />
buckbean Menyanthes trifoliata<br />
buckthorn, alder-leaved Rhamnus alnifolius<br />
buckwheat, cushion Eriogonum ovalifolium<br />
buckwheat, parsnip-flowered Eriogonum heracleoides<br />
buckwheat, snow Eriogonum niveum<br />
buckwheat, sulfur Eriogonum umbellatum<br />
buckwheat, yellow Eriogonum flavum<br />
buffalo-bur Solanum rostratum<br />
bugbane, false Trautvetteria caroliniensis<br />
bugloss, viper’s Echium vulgare<br />
bulrush, alkali Scirpus paludosus<br />
bulrush, great Scirpus lacustris<br />
bulrush, Nevada Scirpus nevadensis<br />
bulrush, small-flowered Scirpus microcarpus<br />
bunchberry Cornus canadensis<br />
bunchberry, cordilleran Cornus unalaschkensis<br />
bur-reed, broad-fruited Sparganium eurycarpum<br />
bur-reed, emersed Sparganium emersum<br />
bur-reed, floating Sparganium emersum var. multipedunculatum<br />
bur-reed, narrow-leaved Sparganium emersum var. angustifolium<br />
bur-reed, northern Sparganium hyperboreum<br />
bur-reed, simple-stemmed Sparganium emersum var. emersum<br />
bur-reed, small Sparganium minimum<br />
burdock, <strong>common</strong> Arctium minus<br />
burdock, great Arctium lappa<br />
burnet, annual Sanguisorba annua<br />
burnet, great Sanguisorba <strong>of</strong>ficinalis<br />
burnet, Menzies’ Sanguisorba menziesii<br />
burnet, Sitka Sanguisorba canadensis<br />
burweed, silver Ambrosia chamissonis<br />
bush-cranberry, American Viburnum opulus<br />
butter-and-eggs Linaria vulgare<br />
buttercup, birdfoot Ranunculus pedatifidus<br />
buttercup, celery-leaved Ranunculus sceleratus<br />
buttercup, Cooley’s Ranunculus cooleyae<br />
buttercup, creeping Ranunculus repens<br />
buttercup, far-northern Ranunculus hyperboreus<br />
buttercup, heart-leaved Ranunculus cardiophyllus<br />
buttercup, kidney-leaved Ranunculus abortivus<br />
buttercup, Lapland Ranunculus lapponicus<br />
buttercup, little Ranunculus uncinatus<br />
buttercup, Macoun’s Ranunculus macounii<br />
buttercup, meadow Ranunculus acris<br />
buttercup, modest Ranunculus verecundus<br />
buttercup, Pensylvania Ranunculus pensylvanicus<br />
buttercup, sagebrush Ranunculus glaberrimus<br />
buttercup, shore Ranunculus cymbalaria<br />
buttercup, snow Ranunculus nivalis<br />
37
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
buttercup, spear-leaved Ranunculus reptans<br />
buttercup, straight-beaked Ranunculus orthorhynchus<br />
buttercup, subalpine Ranunculus eschscholtzii<br />
buttercup, unlovely Ranunculus inamoenus<br />
buttercup, western Ranunculus occidentalis<br />
butterweed, alpine meadow Senecio cymbalarioides<br />
butterweed, Canadian Senecio pauperculus<br />
butterweed, high alpine Senecio conterminus<br />
butterweed, Newcombe’s Senecio newcombei<br />
butterweed, rayless alpine Senecio pauciflorus<br />
butterweed, rayless mountain Senecio indecorus<br />
butterweed, Rocky Mountain Senecio streptanthifolius<br />
butterweed, streambank Senecio pseudaureus<br />
butterweed, sweet-marsh Senecio foetidus<br />
butterwort Pinguicula vulgaris<br />
cactus, brittle prickly-pear Opuntia fragilis<br />
cactus, plains prickly-pear Opuntia polyacantha<br />
camas, <strong>common</strong> Camassia quamash<br />
camas, great Camassia leichtlinii<br />
campion, bladder Silene vulgaris<br />
campion, Douglas’ Silene douglasii<br />
campion, Menzies’ Silene menziesii<br />
campion, moss Silene acaulis<br />
campion, Parry’s Silene parryi<br />
campion, rose Lychnis coronaria<br />
campion, Scouler’s Silene scouleri<br />
campion, white Silene alba<br />
canarygrass Phalaris canariensis<br />
canarygrass, reed Phalaris arundinacea<br />
candystick Allotropa virgata<br />
carrot, American wild Daucus pusillus<br />
carrot, wild Daucus carota<br />
cascara Rhamnus purshianus<br />
cat’s-ear, hairy Hypochaeris radicata<br />
cat’s-ear, smooth Hypochaeris glabra<br />
catchfly, <strong>for</strong>ked Silene dichotoma<br />
catchfly, night-flowering Silene noctiflora<br />
catchfly, sleepy Silene antirrhina<br />
cattail Typha latifolia<br />
ceanothus, redstem Ceanothus sanguineus<br />
chamaerhodos Chamaerhodos erecta<br />
chamomile, corn Anthemis arvensis<br />
chamomile, yellow Anthemis tinctoria<br />
cheatgrass Bromus tectorum<br />
cherry, bitter Prunus emarginata<br />
cherry, choke Prunus virginiana<br />
cherry, pin Prunus pensylvanica<br />
chickweed Stellaria media<br />
chickweed, Bering Cerastium beeringianum<br />
38
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
chickweed, field Cerastium arvense<br />
chickweed, Fischer’s Cerastium fischerianum<br />
chickweed, mouse-ear Cerastium fontanum<br />
chicory Cichorium intybus<br />
chives, wild Allium schoenoprasum<br />
cinquefoil, arctic Potentilla hyparctica<br />
cinquefoil, brook Potentilla rivalis<br />
cinquefoil, diverse-leaved Potentilla diversifolia<br />
cinquefoil, Drummond’s Potentilla drummondii<br />
cinquefoil, fan-leaved Potentilla flabellifolia<br />
cinquefoil, five-leaved Potentilla quinquefolia<br />
cinquefoil, graceful Potentilla gracilis<br />
cinquefoil, Hooker’s Potentilla hookeriana<br />
cinquefoil, marsh Potentilla palustris<br />
cinquefoil, Norwegian Potentilla norvegica<br />
cinquefoil, one-flowered Potentilla uniflora<br />
cinquefoil, prairie Potentilla pensylvanica<br />
cinquefoil, sheep Potentilla ovina<br />
cinquefoil, shrubby Potentilla fruticosa<br />
cinquefoil, silvery Potentilla argentea<br />
cinquefoil, snow Potentilla nivea<br />
cinquefoil, sticky Potentilla glandulosa<br />
cinquefoil, villous Potentilla villosa<br />
cinquefoil, white Potentilla arguta<br />
cinquefoil, woolly Potentilla hippiana<br />
cleavers Galium aparine<br />
clematis, blue Clematis occidentalis<br />
clematis, white Clematis ligusticifolia<br />
cliff-brake, smooth Pellaea glabella<br />
cloudberry Rubus chamaemorus<br />
clover, alsike Trifolium hybridum<br />
clover, red Trifolium pratense<br />
clover, small hop Trifolium dubium<br />
clover, white Trifolium repens<br />
clover, yellow Trifolium aureum<br />
clubmoss, Alaska Lycopodium sitchense<br />
clubmoss, alpine Lycopodium alpinum<br />
clubmoss, fir Huperzia selago<br />
clubmoss, running Lycopodium clavatum<br />
clubmoss, stiff Lycopodium annotinum<br />
clubrush, Hudson Bay Trichophorum alpinum<br />
clubrush, tufted Trichophorum cespitosum<br />
collomia, large-flowered Collomia grandiflora<br />
collomia, narrow-leaved Collomia linearis<br />
collomia, vari-leaved Collomia heterophylla<br />
coltsfoot, arctic Petasites nivalis<br />
coltsfoot, arrow-leaved Petasites sagittatus<br />
coltsfoot, palmate Petasites palmatus<br />
coltsfoot, sweet Petasites frigidus<br />
columbine, blue Aquilegia brevistyla<br />
39
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
columbine, red Aquilegia <strong>for</strong>mosa<br />
columbine, yellow Aquilegia flavescens<br />
comandra, pale Comandra umbellata<br />
coontail Ceratophyllum demersum<br />
copperbush Cladothamnus pyroliflorus<br />
coralroot, spotted Corallorhiza maculata<br />
coralroot, spotted Corallorhiza maculata ssp. maculata<br />
coralroot, striped Corallorhiza striata<br />
coralroot, western Corallorhiza maculata ssp. mertensiana<br />
coralroot, yellow Corallorhiza trifida<br />
cordgrass, alkali Spartina gracilis<br />
corn-spurry Spergula arvensis<br />
cornflower Centaurea cyanus<br />
corydalis, blue Corydalis pauciflora<br />
corydalis, golden Corydalis aurea<br />
corydalis, pink Corydalis sempervirens<br />
cotton-grass, Chamisso’s Eriophorum chamissonis<br />
cotton-grass, green-keeled Eriophorum viridicarinatum<br />
cotton-grass, narrow-leaved Eriophorum angustifolium<br />
cotton-grass, Scheuchzer’s Eriophorum scheuchzeri<br />
cotton-grass, sheathed Eriophorum vaginatum<br />
cotton-grass, short-anthered Eriophorum brachyantherum<br />
cotton-grass, slender Eriophorum gracile<br />
cottonwood, black Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa<br />
cow-parnsip Heracleum sphondylium<br />
cow-wheat Melampyrum lineare<br />
cranberry, bog Vaccinium oxycoccos<br />
cranberry, dwarf bog Vaccinium microcarpum<br />
creeping-snowberry Gaultheria hispidula<br />
cress, blunt-leaved yellow Rorippa curvipes<br />
cress, creeping yellow Rorippa sylvestris<br />
crowberry Empetrum nigrum<br />
cudweed, cotton-batting Gnaphalium chilense<br />
cudweed, marsh Gnaphalium uliginosum<br />
cudweed, purple Gnaphalium purpureum<br />
currant, maple-leaved Ribes howellii<br />
currant, northern black Ribes hudsonianum<br />
currant, red swamp Ribes triste<br />
currant, red-flowering Ribes sanguineum<br />
currant, skunk Ribes glandulosum<br />
currant, squaw Ribes cereum<br />
currant, sticky Ribes viscosissimum<br />
currant, stink Ribes bracteosum<br />
currant, trailing black Ribes laxiflorum<br />
daisy, cut-leaved Erigeron compositus<br />
daisy, English Bellis perennis<br />
daisy, large-flowered Erigeron grandiflorus<br />
daisy, oxeye Leucanthemum vulgare<br />
daisy, smooth Erigeron glabellus<br />
40
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
daisy, subalpine Erigeron peregrinus<br />
dandelion, <strong>common</strong> Taraxacum <strong>of</strong>ficinale<br />
dandelion, horned Taraxacum ceratophorum (lyratum)<br />
dandelion, red-seeded Taraxacum laevigatum<br />
dead-nettle, <strong>common</strong> Lamium amplexicaule<br />
death-camas, meadow Zigadenus venenosus<br />
death-camas, mountain Zigadenus elegans<br />
deer-cabbage Fauria crista-galli<br />
desert-parsley, barestem Lomatium nudicaule<br />
desert-parsley, fern-leaved Lomatium dissectum<br />
desert-parsley, Geyer’s Lomatium geyeri<br />
desert-parsley, Gorman’s Lomatium gormanii<br />
desert-parsley, large-fruited Lomatium macrocarpum<br />
desert-parsley, narrow-leaved Lomatium triternatum<br />
desert-parsley, swale Lomatium ambiguum<br />
devil’s club Oplopanax horridus<br />
dock, broad-leaved Rumex obtusifolius<br />
dock, curly Rumex crispus<br />
dock, golden Rumex maritimus<br />
dock, western Rumex occidentalis<br />
dogbane, hemp Apocynum cannabinum<br />
dogbane, spreading Apocynum androsaemifolium<br />
dogstail, hedgehog Cynosurus echinatus<br />
dogwood, red-osier Cornus sericea<br />
dogwood, western flowering Cornus nuttallii<br />
Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii<br />
Douglas-fir, coast Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii<br />
Douglas-fir, interior Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca<br />
draba, Alaska Draba stenoloba<br />
draba, Carolina Draba reptans*<br />
draba, few-seeded Draba oligosperma<br />
draba, golden Draba aurea<br />
draba, gray-leaved Draba cinerea<br />
draba, lance-fruited Draba lonchocarpa<br />
draba, lance-leaved Draba cana<br />
draba, Nuttall’s Draba densifolia<br />
draba, Payson’s Draba paysonii<br />
draba, smooth Draba glabella<br />
draba, tall Draba praealta<br />
draba, thick-leaved Draba crassifolia<br />
draba, woods Draba nemorosa<br />
draba, Yellowstone Draba incerta<br />
dragonhead, American Dracocephalum parviflorum<br />
dropseed, sand Sporobolus cryptandrus<br />
duckweed, <strong>common</strong> Lemna minor<br />
duckweed, great Spirodela polyrhiza<br />
duckweed, ivy-leaved Lemna trisulca<br />
elderberry, blue Sambucus cerulea<br />
elderberry, red Sambucus racemosa<br />
41
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
elephant’s head Pedicularis groenlandica<br />
eriophyllum, woolly Eriophyllum lanatum<br />
evening-primrose, pale Oenothera pallida<br />
evening-primrose, yellow Oenothera depressa<br />
fairy-candelabra, northern Androsace septentrionalis<br />
fairybells, Hooker’s Disporum hookeri<br />
fairybells, rough-fruited Disporum trachycarpum<br />
fairybells, Smith’s Disporum smithii<br />
fairyslipper Calypso bulbosa<br />
false Solomon’s-seal Smilacina racemosa<br />
false Solomon’s-seal, star-flowered Smilacina stellata<br />
false Solomon’s-seal, three-leaved Smilacina trifolia<br />
false-manna, weak Torreyochloa pauciflora<br />
falsebox Paxistima myrsinites<br />
falseflax, little-podded Camelina microcarpa<br />
feathermoss, red-stemmed Pleurozium schreberi<br />
fern, beech Thelypteris phegopteris<br />
fern, Braun’s holly Polystichum braunii<br />
fern, deer Blechnum spicant<br />
fern, Fees’ lip Cheilanthes feei<br />
fern, fragile Cystopteris fragilis<br />
fern, fragrant shield Dryopteris fragrans<br />
fern, lady Athyrium filix-femina<br />
fern, leathery grape Botrychium multifidum<br />
fern, licorice Polypodium glycyrrhiza<br />
fern, maidenhair Adiantum pedatum<br />
fern, male Dryopteris filix-mas<br />
fern, mountain bladder Cystopteris montana<br />
fern, mountain holly Polystichum lonchitis<br />
fern, northern grape Botrychium boreale<br />
fern, oak Gymnocarpium dryopteris<br />
fern, ostrich Matteuccia struthiopteris<br />
fern, parsley Cryptogramma crispa<br />
fern, rattlesnake Botrychium virginianum<br />
fern, spiny wood Dryopteris assimilis<br />
fern, sword Polystichum munitum<br />
fescue, alpine Festuca brachyphylla<br />
fescue, Altai Festuca altaica<br />
fescue, Baffin Festuca baffinensis<br />
fescue, bearded Festuca subulata<br />
fescue, crinkle-awned Festuca subuliflora<br />
fescue, green Festuca viridula<br />
fescue, Idaho Festuca idahoensis<br />
fescue, meadow Festuca pratensis<br />
fescue, rattail Vulpia myuros<br />
fescue, red Festuca rubra<br />
fescue, Rocky Mountain Festuca saximontana<br />
fescue, rough Festuca scabrella<br />
fescue, six-weeks Vulpia oct<strong>of</strong>lora<br />
42
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
fescue, tall Festuca arundinacea<br />
fescue, western Festuca occidentalis<br />
fiddleneck, small-flowered Amsinckia menziesii<br />
fir, amabilis Abies amabilis<br />
fir, grand Abies grandis<br />
fir, subalpine Abies lasiocarpa<br />
fireweed Epilobium angustifolium<br />
flax, wild blue Linum lewisii<br />
flaxflower, Harkness’ Linanthus harknessii<br />
flaxflower, northern Linanthus septentrionalis<br />
fleabane, bitter Erigeron acris<br />
fleabane, golden Erigeron aureus<br />
fleabane, line-leaved Erigeron linearis<br />
fleabane, long-leaved Erigeron corymbosus<br />
fleabane, Philadelphia Erigeron philadelphicus<br />
fleabane, rough-stemmed Erigeron strigosus<br />
fleabane, shaggy Erigeron pumilus<br />
fleabane, showy Erigeron speciosus<br />
fleabane, spear-leaved Erigeron lonchophyllus<br />
fleabane, spreading Erigeron divergens<br />
fleabane, thread-leaved Erigeron filifolius<br />
fleabane, trailing Erigeron flagellaris<br />
fleabane, tufted Erigeron caespitosus<br />
flixweed Descurainia sophia<br />
foamflower, cut-leaved Tiarella laciniata<br />
foamflower, one-leaved Tiarella unifoliata<br />
foamflower, three-leaved Tiarella trifoliata<br />
fool’s-onion Triteleia hyacinthina<br />
<strong>for</strong>get-me-not, blue Myosotis stricta<br />
<strong>for</strong>get-me-not, <strong>common</strong> Myosotis scorpioides<br />
<strong>for</strong>get-me-not, field Myosotis arvensis<br />
<strong>for</strong>get-me-not, mountain Myosotis asiatica<br />
<strong>for</strong>get-me-not, small-flowered Myosotis laxa<br />
<strong>for</strong>get-me-not, spring Myosotis verna<br />
<strong>for</strong>get-me-not, wood Myosotis sylvatica<br />
foxglove Digitalis purpurea<br />
fringecup, tall Tellima grandiflora<br />
gentian, broad-petalled Gentiana platypetala<br />
gentian, four-parted Gentianella propinqua<br />
gentian, glaucous Gentiana glauca<br />
gentian, king Gentiana sceptrum<br />
gentian, moss Gentiana prostrata<br />
gentian, mountain bog Gentiana calycosa<br />
gentian, northern Gentianella amarella<br />
gentian, prairie Gentiana affinis<br />
gentian, slender Gentianella tenella<br />
gentian, swamp Gentiana douglasiana<br />
geranium, Bicknell’s Geranium bicknellii<br />
geranium, Carolina Geranium carolinianum<br />
43
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
geranium, dovefoot Geranium molle<br />
geranium, northern Geranium erianthum<br />
geranium, Robert Geranium robertianum<br />
geranium, sticky Geranium viscosissimum<br />
geranium, white Geranium richardsonii<br />
gilia, globe Gilia capitata<br />
gilia, scarlet Ipomopsis aggregata<br />
glasswort, European Salicornia europaea<br />
glasswort, green European Salicornia europaea ssp. europaea<br />
glasswort, red European Salicornia europaea ssp. rubra<br />
globeflower Trollius laxus<br />
gnome-plant Hemitomes congestum<br />
goatsbeard Aruncus dioicus<br />
golden-aster, hairy Heterotheca villosa<br />
golden-eyed-grass Sisyrinchium cali<strong>for</strong>nicum<br />
golden-saxifrage, northern Chrysosplenium tetrandrum<br />
goldenrod, Canada Solidago canadensis<br />
goldenrod, Missouri Solidago missouriensis<br />
goldenrod, northern Solidago multiradiata<br />
goldenrod, smooth Solidago gigantea<br />
goldenrod, spike-like Solidago spathulata<br />
goldenweed, Lyall’s Haplopappus lyallii<br />
goldthread, fern-leaved Coptis aspleniifolia<br />
goldthread, three-leaved Coptis trifolia<br />
gooseberry, black Ribes lacustre<br />
gooseberry, gummy Ribes lobbii<br />
gooseberry, Idaho Ribes irriguum<br />
gooseberry, mountain Ribes montigenum<br />
gooseberry, northern Ribes oxyacanthoides<br />
gooseberry, white-stemmed Ribes inerme<br />
gooseberry, wild Ribes divaricatum<br />
goosefoot, red Chenopodium rubrum<br />
gorse Ulex europaeus<br />
grama, blue Bouteloua gracilis<br />
grass, needle-and-thread Stipa comata<br />
grass, squirreltail Sitanion hystrix<br />
grass-<strong>of</strong>-Parnassus, fringed Parnassia fimbriata<br />
grass-<strong>of</strong>-Parnassus, Kotzebue’s Parnassia kotzebuei<br />
grass-<strong>of</strong>-Parnassus, northern Parnassia palustris<br />
grass-<strong>of</strong>-Parnassus, small-flowered Parnassia parviflora<br />
gromwell, yellow Lithospermum incisum<br />
ground-cedar Lycopodium complanatum<br />
ground-pine Lycopodium obscurum<br />
groundcone Boschniakia hookeri<br />
groundsel, arrow-leaved Senecio triangularis<br />
groundsel, black-tipped Senecio lugens<br />
groundsel, <strong>common</strong> Senecio vulgaris<br />
groundsel, western Senecio integerrimus<br />
groundsel, wood Senecio sylvaticus<br />
groundsel, woolly Senecio canus<br />
44
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
grouseberry Vaccinium scoparium<br />
gumweed, curly-cup Grindelia squarrosa<br />
gumweed, low Grindelia nana<br />
gumweed, Puget Sound Grindelia integrifolia<br />
hairgrass, early Aira praecox<br />
hairgrass, mountain Vahlodea atropurpurea<br />
hairgrass, silver Aira caryophyllea<br />
hairgrass, slender Deschampsia elongata<br />
hairgrass, tufted Deschampsia cespitosa<br />
hardhack Spiraea douglasii<br />
hardhack Spiraea douglasii ssp. douglasii<br />
harebell, <strong>common</strong> Campanula rotundifolia<br />
harebell, mountain Campanula lasiocarpa<br />
harebell, Scouler’s Campanula scouleri<br />
hawksbeard, annual Crepis tectorum<br />
hawksbeard, elegant Crepis elegans<br />
hawksbeard, gray Crepis intermedia<br />
hawksbeard, slender Crepis atrabarba<br />
hawksbeard, smooth Crepis capillaris<br />
hawksbeard, western Crepis occidentalis<br />
hawkweed, Canada Hieracium canadense<br />
hawkweed, hound’s-tongue Hieracium cynoglossoides<br />
hawkweed, narrow-leaved Hieracium umbellatum<br />
hawkweed, orange Hieracium aurantiacum<br />
hawkweed, Scouler’s Hieracium scouleri<br />
hawkweed, slender Hieracium gracile<br />
hawkweed, western Hieracium albertinum<br />
hawkweed, white-flowered Hieracium albiflorum<br />
hawkweed, woolly Hieracium triste<br />
hawthorn, black Crataegus douglasii<br />
hawthorn, <strong>common</strong> Crataegus monogyna<br />
hawthorn, red Crataegus columbiana<br />
hazelnut, beaked Corylus cornuta<br />
hedge-nettle, Cooley’s Stachys cooleyae<br />
hedge-nettle, Mexican Stachys mexicana<br />
hedge-nettle, swamp Stachys palustris<br />
hedysarum, alpine Hedysarum alpinum<br />
hedysarum, northern Hedysarum boreale<br />
hedysarum, yellow Hedysarum sulphurescens<br />
hellebore, Indian Veratrum viride<br />
hemlock, mountain Tsuga mertensiana<br />
hemlock, western Tsuga heterophylla<br />
hemp-nettle, <strong>common</strong> Galeopsis tetrahit<br />
highbush-cranberry Viburnum edule<br />
honeysuckle, hairy Lonicera hispidula<br />
honeysuckle, red Lonicera dioica<br />
honeysuckle, Utah Lonicera utahensis<br />
honeysuckle, western trumpet Lonicera ciliosa<br />
horsebrush, gray Tetradymia canescens<br />
45
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
horsetail, <strong>common</strong> Equisetum arvense<br />
horsetail, giant Equisetum telmateia<br />
horsetail, marsh Equisetum palustre<br />
horsetail, meadow Equisetum pratense<br />
horsetail, swamp Equisetum fluviatile<br />
horsetail, wood Equisetum sylvaticum<br />
horseweed Conyza canadensis<br />
hound’s-tongue, <strong>common</strong> Cynoglossum <strong>of</strong>ficinale<br />
hound’s-tongue, northern Cynoglossum boreale<br />
huckleberry, black Vaccinium membranaceum<br />
huckleberry, blue-leaved Vaccinium deliciosum<br />
huckleberry, evergreen Vaccinium ovatum<br />
huckleberry, red Vaccinium parvifolium<br />
Indian-pipe Monotropa uniflora<br />
Indian-plum Oemleria cerasi<strong>for</strong>mis<br />
Indian-ricegrass Stipa hymenoides<br />
Indian-wheat Plantago patagonica<br />
iris, western blue Iris missouriensis<br />
iris, yellow Iris pseudacorus<br />
Jacob’s-ladder, annual Polemonium micranthum<br />
Jacob’s-ladder, elegant Polemonium elegans<br />
Jacob’s-ladder, northern Polemonium boreale<br />
Jacob’s-ladder, showy Polemonium pulcherrimum<br />
Jacob’s-ladder, sticky Polemonium viscosum<br />
Jacob’s-ladder, tall Polemonium caeruleum<br />
junegrass Koeleria macrantha<br />
juniper, <strong>common</strong> Juniperus communis<br />
juniper, creeping Juniperus horizontalis<br />
juniper, Rocky Mountain Juniperus scopulorum<br />
kinnikinnick Arctostaphylos uva-ursi<br />
knapweed, black Centaurea nigra<br />
knapweed, diffuse Centaurea diffusa<br />
knapweed, Russian Centaurea repens<br />
knapweed, spotted Centaurea maculosa<br />
knight’s plume Ptilium crista-castrensis<br />
knotweed, beach Polygonum paronychia<br />
knotweed, Douglas’ Polygonum douglasii<br />
knotweed, Fowler’s Polygonum fowleri<br />
knotweed, Kellogg’s Polygonum kelloggii<br />
knotweed, leafy dwarf Polygonum minimum<br />
knotweed, Nuttall’s Polygonum nuttallii<br />
knotweed, prostrate Polygonum aviculare<br />
knotweed, spurry Polygonum spergularii<strong>for</strong>me<br />
knotweed, wiry Polygonum majus<br />
knotweed, yellow-flowered Polygonum ramosissimum<br />
kobresia, Bellard’s Kobresia myosuroides<br />
kobresia, simple Kobresia simpliciuscula<br />
46
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
Labrador tea Ledum groenlandicum<br />
Labrador tea, northern Ledum palustre<br />
ladies’ tresses Spiranthes romanz<strong>of</strong>fiana<br />
lady’s-thumb Polygonum persicaria<br />
ladyslipper, mountain Cypripedium montanum<br />
ladyslipper, sparrow’s-egg Cypripedium passerinum<br />
ladyslipper, yellow Cypripedium calceolus<br />
lamb’s-quarters Chenopodium album<br />
larch, alpine Larix lyallii<br />
larch, western Larix occidentalis<br />
larkspur, Menzies’ Delphinium menziesii<br />
larkspur, Montana Delphinium bicolor<br />
larkspur, tall Delphinium glaucum<br />
larkspur, upland Delphinium nuttallianum<br />
leatherleaf Chamaedaphne calyculata<br />
lemonweed Lithospermum ruderale<br />
lettuce, blue Lactuca tatarica ssp. pulchella<br />
lettuce, tall blue Lactuca biennis<br />
lewisia, alpine Lewisia pygmaea<br />
lichen, dog Peltigera canina<br />
lichen, reindeer Cladina rangiferina<br />
lilaeopsis, western Lilaeopsis occidentalis<br />
lily, alp Lloydia serotina<br />
lily, chocolate Fritillaria lanceolata<br />
lily, glacier Erythronium grandiflorum<br />
lily, pink fawn Erythronium revolutum<br />
lily, sagebrush mariposa Calochortus macrocarpus<br />
lily, threespot mariposa Calochortus apiculatus<br />
lily, tiger Lilium columbianum<br />
lily, white fawn Erythronium oregonum<br />
lily, wood Lilium philadelphicum<br />
lily-<strong>of</strong>-the-valley, false Maianthemum dilatatum<br />
lily-<strong>of</strong>-the-valley, wild Maianthemum canadense<br />
lingonberry Vaccinium vitis-idaea<br />
liverwort, <strong>common</strong> leafy Barbilophozia lycopodioides<br />
liverwort, floating Ricciocarpos natans<br />
lobelia, water Lobelia dortmanna<br />
locoweed, blackish Oxytropis nigrescens<br />
locoweed, field Oxytropis campestris<br />
locoweed, pendant-podded Oxytropis deflexa<br />
locoweed, showy Oxytropis splendens<br />
locoweed, silky Oxytropis sericea<br />
locoweed, stalked-pod Oxytropis podocarpa<br />
locust, black Robinia pseudoacacia<br />
loosestrife, tufted Lysimachia thyrsiflora<br />
lousewort, bird’s-beak Pedicularis ornithorhyncha<br />
lousewort, boreal Pedicularis macrodonta<br />
lousewort, bracted Pedicularis bracteosa<br />
lousewort, capitate Pedicularis capitata<br />
47
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
lousewort, coil-beaked Pedicularis contorta<br />
lousewort, Labrador Pedicularis labradorica<br />
lousewort, Langsdorf’s Pedicularis langsdorfii<br />
lousewort, sickletop Pedicularis racemosa<br />
lousewort, small-flowered Pedicularis parviflora<br />
lovage, Calder’s Ligusticum calderi<br />
lovage, Canby’s Ligusticum canbyi<br />
lovage, Gray’s Ligusticum grayi<br />
lungwort Lobaria pulmonaria<br />
lupine, arctic Lupinus arcticus<br />
lupine, bigleaf Lupinus burkei<br />
lupine, large-leaved Lupinus polyphyllus<br />
lupine, Nootka Lupinus nootkatensis<br />
lupine, prairie Lupinus lepidus<br />
lupine, seashore Lupinus littoralis<br />
lupine, silky Lupinus sericeus<br />
lupine, sulphur Lupinus sulphureus<br />
lupine, two-coloured Lupinus bicolor<br />
mannagrass, fowl Glyceria striata<br />
mannagrass, northern Glyceria borealis<br />
mannagrass, reed Glyceria grandis<br />
mannagrass, tall Glyceria elata<br />
mannagrass, western Glyceria occidentalis<br />
manzanita, hairy Arctostaphylos columbiana<br />
maple, bigleaf Acer macrophyllum<br />
maple, Douglas Acer glabrum<br />
maple, vine Acer circinatum<br />
mare’s-tail Hippuris vulgaris<br />
marsh-marigold, alpine white Caltha leptosepala var. leptosepala<br />
marsh-marigold, two-flowered white Caltha leptosepala var. biflora<br />
marsh-marigold, white Caltha leptosepala<br />
meadow-foxtail Alopecurus pratensis<br />
meadow-foxtail, creeping Alopecurus arundinaceus*<br />
meadow-foxtail, little Alopecurus aequalis<br />
meadow-foxtail, water Alopecurus geniculatus<br />
meadowrue, alpine Thalictrum alpinum<br />
meadowrue, few-flowered Thalictrum sparsiflorum<br />
meadowrue, veiny Thalictrum venulosum<br />
meadowrue, western Thalictrum occidentale<br />
medic, black Medicago lupulina<br />
melic, false Schizachne purpurascens<br />
melic, Smith’s Melica smithii<br />
mentzelia, small-flowered Mentzelia albicaulis<br />
microseris, nodding Microseris nutans<br />
milk-vetch, alpine Astragalus alpinus<br />
milk-vetch, American Astragalus americanus<br />
milk-vetch, Canada Astragalus canadensis<br />
milk-vetch, elegant Astragalus eucosmus<br />
milk-vetch, field Astragalus agrestis<br />
milk-vetch, hillside Astragalus collinus<br />
48
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
milk-vetch, Indian Astragalus aboriginum<br />
milk-vetch, lotus Astragalus lotiflorus<br />
milk-vetch, pulse Astragalus tenellus<br />
milk-vetch, Robbins’ Astragalus robbinsii<br />
milk-vetch, threadstalk Astragalus filipes<br />
milk-vetch, timber Astragalus miser<br />
milk-vetch, Weiser Astragalus beckwithii<br />
milk-vetch, woollypod Astragalus purshii<br />
milkweed, showy Asclepias speciosa<br />
miner’s-lettuce Claytonia perfoliata<br />
miner’s-lettuce, Siberian Claytonia sibirica<br />
mint, field Mentha arvensis<br />
mistletoe, western dwarf Arceuthobium campylopodum<br />
mistmaiden, Sitka Romanz<strong>of</strong>fia sitchensis<br />
mitrewort, Brewer’s Mitella breweri<br />
mitrewort, <strong>common</strong> Mitella nuda<br />
mitrewort, five-stamened Mitella pentandra<br />
mitrewort, oval-leaved Mitella ovalis<br />
mitrewort, three-toothed Mitella trifida<br />
mock-orange Philadelphus lewisii<br />
monkey-flower, chickweed Mimulus alsinoides<br />
monkey-flower, Haida Mimulus guttatus ssp. haidensis<br />
monkey-flower, mountain Mimulus tilingii<br />
monkey-flower, pink Mimulus lewisii<br />
monkey-flower, purple-stemmed Mimulus floribundus<br />
monkey-flower, yellow Mimulus guttatus<br />
monkey-flower, yellow Mimulus guttatus ssp. guttatus<br />
monkshood, Columbian Aconitum columbianum<br />
monkshood, mountain Aconitum delphiniifolium<br />
montia, Chamisso’s Montia chamissoi<br />
montia, narrow-leaved Montia linearis<br />
montia, small-leaved Montia parvifolia<br />
moonwort Botrychium lunaria<br />
moss, apple Bartramia pomi<strong>for</strong>mis<br />
moss, awned haircap Polytrichum piliferum<br />
moss, bent-leaf Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus<br />
moss, broken-leaf Dicranum tauricum<br />
moss, broom Dicranum scoparium<br />
moss, curly heron’s-bill Dicranum fuscescens<br />
moss, electrified cat’s-tail Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus<br />
moss, elegant Isopterygium elegans<br />
moss, flat Plagiothecium undulatum<br />
moss, glow Aulacomnium palustre<br />
moss, golden fuzzy fen Tomenthypnum nitens<br />
moss, grey frayed-cap Rhacomitrium canescens<br />
moss, juniper haircap Polytrichum juniperinum<br />
moss, lanky Rhytidiadelphus loreus<br />
moss, lawn Brachythecium albicans<br />
moss, leafy Mnium<br />
moss, Oregon beaked Stokesiella oreganum<br />
49
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
moss, palm tree Leucolepis menziesii<br />
moss, pipecleaner Rhytidiopsis robusta<br />
moss, red-mouthed leafy Mnium spinulosum<br />
moss, sickle Drepanocladus uncinatus<br />
moss, spring Philonotis fontana<br />
moss, step Hylocomium splendens<br />
moss, variable Isothecium spiculiferum<br />
moss, wavy-leaved Dicranum polysetum<br />
mountain-ash, European Sorbus aucuparia<br />
mountain-ash, Sitka Sorbus sitchensis<br />
mountain-ash, western Sorbus scopulina<br />
mountain-avens, entire-leaved Dryas integrifolia<br />
mountain-avens, white Dryas octopetala<br />
mountain-avens, yellow Dryas drummondii<br />
mountain-heather, Alaskan Cassiope stelleriana<br />
mountain-heather, club-moss Cassiope lycopodioides<br />
mountain-heather, four-angled Cassiope tetragona<br />
mountain-heather, pink Phyllodoce empetri<strong>for</strong>mis<br />
mountain-heather, white Cassiope mertensiana<br />
mountain-heather, yellow Phyllodoce glanduliflora<br />
mountainbells Stenanthium occidentale<br />
mousetail, bristly Myosurus aristatus<br />
mugwort, Aleutian Artemisia tilesii<br />
mugwort, Columbia Artemisia lindleyana<br />
mugwort, Michaux’s Artemisia michauxiana<br />
mugwort, Suksdorf’s Artemisia suksdorfii<br />
mugwort, western Artemisia ludoviciana<br />
muhly, alkali Muhlenbergia asperifolia<br />
muhly, marsh Muhlenbergia glomerata<br />
muhly, mat Muhlenbergia richardsonis<br />
muhly, slender Muhlenbergia fili<strong>for</strong>mis<br />
mullein, great Verbascum thapsus<br />
mullein, moth Verbascum blattaria<br />
mullein, woolly Verbascum phlomoides<br />
musk-flower Mimulus moschatus<br />
mustard, bird rape Brassica rapa<br />
mustard, hedge Sisymbrium <strong>of</strong>ficinale<br />
mustard, tower Arabis glabra<br />
mustard, wormseed Erysimum cheiranthoides<br />
muttongrass Poa fendleriana<br />
nagoonberry, dwarf Rubus arcticus<br />
needlegrass, green Stipa viridula<br />
needlegrass, spreading Stipa richardsonii<br />
needlegrass, stiff Stipa occidentalis<br />
nemophila, Great Basin Nemophila breviflora<br />
nettle, stinging Urtica dioica<br />
nightshade, black Solanum americanum<br />
nightshade, cut-leaved Solanum triflorum<br />
nightshade, enchanter’s Circaea alpina<br />
50
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
ninebark, mallow Physocarpus malvaceus<br />
ninebark, Pacific Physocarpus capitatus<br />
oak, Garry Quercus garryana<br />
oatgrass, Cali<strong>for</strong>nia Danthonia cali<strong>for</strong>nica<br />
oatgrass, Canadian Danthonia canadensis<br />
oatgrass, downy Danthonia sericea<br />
oatgrass, poverty Danthonia spicata<br />
oatgrass, timber Danthonia intermedia*<br />
ocean-spray Holodiscus discolor<br />
old man’s whiskers Geum triflorum<br />
onion, Geyer’s Allium geyeri<br />
onion, Hooker’s Allium acuminatum<br />
onion, nodding Allium cernuum<br />
oniongrass Melica bulbosa<br />
oniongrass, Alaska Melica subulata<br />
orchardgrass Dactylis glomerata<br />
orchid, dwarf rattlesnake Goodyera repens<br />
orchis, round-leaved Amerorchis rotundifolia<br />
Oregon-grape, creeping Mahonia repens<br />
Oregon-grape, dull Mahonia nervosa<br />
Oregon-grape, tall Mahonia aquifolium<br />
owl-clover, rosy Orthocarpus bracteosus<br />
owl-clover, thin-leaved Orthocarpus tenuifolius<br />
owl-clover, yellow Orthocarpus luteus<br />
paintbrush, alpine Castilleja rhexifolia<br />
paintbrush, coastal red Castilleja hyetophila<br />
paintbrush, <strong>common</strong> red Castilleja miniata<br />
paintbrush, Cusick’s Castilleja cusickii<br />
paintbrush, deer Castilleja cervina<br />
paintbrush, harsh Castilleja hispida<br />
paintbrush, northwestern Castilleja angustifolia<br />
paintbrush, small-flowered Castilleja parviflora<br />
paintbrush, sulphur Castilleja sulphurea<br />
paintbrush, Thompson’s Castilleja thompsonii<br />
paintbrush, yellowish Castilleja lutescens<br />
partridgefoot Luetkea pectinata<br />
pasqueflower, western Pulsatilla occidentalis<br />
pathfinder Adenocaulon bicolor<br />
pea, beach Lathyrus japonicus<br />
pearlwort, arctic Sagina saginoides<br />
pearly everlasting Anaphalis margaritacea<br />
peavine, broad-leaved Lathyrus latifolius<br />
peavine, creamy Lathyrus ochroleucus<br />
peavine, purple Lathyrus nevadensis<br />
pennycress, field Thlaspi arvense<br />
penstemon, Alberta Penstemon albertinus<br />
penstemon, broad-leaved Penstemon ovatus<br />
penstemon, coast Penstemon serrulatus<br />
penstemon, Davidson’s Penstemon davidsonii<br />
51
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
penstemon, fuzzy-tongued Penstemon eriantherus<br />
penstemon, oval-leaved Penstemon ellipticus<br />
penstemon, shrubby Penstemon fruticosus<br />
penstemon, small-flowered Penstemon procerus<br />
penstemon, taper-leaved Penstemon attenuatus<br />
penstemon, woodland Penstemon nemorosus<br />
penstemon, yellow Penstemon confertus<br />
pepper-grass, branched Lepidium bourgeauanum<br />
pepper-grass, clasping-leaved Lepidium perfoliatum<br />
pepper-grass, prairie Lepidium densiflorum<br />
pepper-grass, tall Lepidium virginicum<br />
phacelia, Franklin’s Phacelia franklinii<br />
phacelia, narrow-sepaled Phacelia leptosepala<br />
phacelia, silky Phacelia sericea<br />
phacelia, silverleaf Phacelia hastata<br />
phacelia, thread-leaved Phacelia linearis<br />
phacelia, varileaf Phacelia heterophylla<br />
phlox, long-leaved Phlox longifolia<br />
phlox, showy Phlox speciosa<br />
phlox, spreading Phlox diffusa<br />
phlox, tufted Phlox caespitosa<br />
piggy-back plant Tolmiea menziesii<br />
pine, jack Pinus banksiana<br />
pine, limber Pinus flexilis<br />
pine, lodgepole Pinus contorta var. latifolia<br />
pine, ponderosa/yellow Pinus ponderosa<br />
pine, shore Pinus contorta var. contorta<br />
pine, western white Pinus monticola<br />
pine, whitebark Pinus albicaulis<br />
pineapple weed Chamomilla suaveolens<br />
pinedrops Pterospora andromedea<br />
pinegrass Calamagrostis rubescens<br />
pinesap Hypopitys monotropa<br />
pink fairies Clarkia pulchella<br />
pink twink Microsteris gracilis<br />
pipsissewa, Menzies’ Chimaphila menziesii<br />
pitcher-plant Sarracenia purpurea<br />
plainsmustard, flax-leaved Schoenocrambe linifolia<br />
plantain, <strong>common</strong> Plantago major<br />
plantain, ribwort Plantago lanceolata<br />
plantain, slender Plantago elongata<br />
poison-hemlock Conium maculatum<br />
poison-ivy Toxicodendron rydbergii<br />
poison-oak Toxicodendron diversilobum<br />
polargrass Arctagrostis latifolia<br />
policeman’s helmet Impatiens glandulifera<br />
polypody, leatherleaf Polypodium scouleri<br />
polypody, Pacific Polypodium montense<br />
polypody, western Polypodium hesperium<br />
pondweed, closed-leaved Potamogeton foliosus<br />
52
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
pondweed, eel-grass Potamogeton zosteri<strong>for</strong>mis<br />
pondweed, fennel-leaved Potamogeton pectinatus<br />
pondweed, floating-leaved Potamogeton natans<br />
pondweed, grass-leaved Potamogeton gramineus<br />
pondweed, long-leaved Potamogeton nodosus<br />
pondweed, northern Potamogeton alpinus<br />
pondweed, ribbon-leaved Potamogeton epihydrus<br />
pondweed, Robbin’s Potamogeton robbinsii<br />
pondweed, sheathed Potamogeton vaginatus<br />
pondweed, slender-leaved Potamogeton fili<strong>for</strong>mis<br />
pondweed, small Potamogeton pusillus<br />
popcornflower, Scouler’s Plagiobothrys scouleri<br />
poplar Populus balsamifera<br />
poplar, balsam Populus balsamifera ssp. balsamifera<br />
porcupinegrass Stipa spartea<br />
prairie crocus Pulsatilla patens ssp. multifida<br />
prince’s pine Chimaphila umbellata<br />
pussytoes, field Antennaria neglecta<br />
pussytoes, low Antennaria dimorpha<br />
pussytoes, Nuttall’s Antennaria parvifolia<br />
pussytoes, racemose Antennaria racemosa<br />
pussytoes, rosy Antennaria microphylla<br />
pussytoes, showy Antennaria pulcherrima ssp. pulcherrima<br />
pussytoes, tall Antennaria pulcherrima ssp. anaphaloides<br />
pussytoes, umber Antennaria umbrinella<br />
pussytoes, woodrush Antennaria luzuloides<br />
pussytoes, woolly Antennaria lanata<br />
quackgrass Agropyron repens<br />
queen’s cup Clintonia uniflora<br />
rabbit-brush Chrysothamnus nauseosus<br />
ragwort, dryland Senecio eremophilus<br />
ragwort, tansy Senecio jacobaea<br />
raspberry, black Rubus leucodermis<br />
raspberry, red Rubus idaeus<br />
raspberry, trailing Rubus pubescens<br />
rattle, yellow Rhinanthus minor<br />
rattlesnake-plantain Goodyera oblongifolia<br />
rattlesnake-root, purple Prenanthes racemosa<br />
rattlesnake-root, western Prenanthes alata<br />
redcedar, western Thuja plicata<br />
redtop Agrostis gigantea<br />
reed, <strong>common</strong> Phragmites australis<br />
reedgrass, Lapland Calamagrostis lapponica<br />
reedgrass, narrow-spiked Calamagrostis inexpansa<br />
reedgrass, Pacific Calamagrostis nutkaensis<br />
reedgrass, purple Calamagrostis purpurascens<br />
reedgrass, Scribner’s Calamagrostis scribneri<br />
reedgrass, slimstem Calamagrostis stricta<br />
53
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
rein-orchid, Alaska Platanthera unalascensis<br />
rein-orchid, one-leaved Platanthera obtusata<br />
rein-orchid, round-leaved Platanthera orbiculata<br />
rhododendron, Pacific Rhododendron macrophyllum<br />
rhododendron, white-flowered Rhododendron albiflorum<br />
rice-root, northern Fritillaria camschatcensis<br />
ricegrass, little Oryzopsis exigua<br />
ricegrass, little-seeded Oryzopsis micrantha<br />
ricegrass, rough-leaved Oryzopsis asperifolia<br />
ricegrass, short-awned Oryzopsis pungens<br />
rockcress, Drummond’s Arabis drummondii<br />
rockcress, hairy Arabis hirsuta<br />
rockcress, Holboell’s Arabis holboellii<br />
rockcress, Lyall’s Arabis lyallii<br />
rockcress, lyre-leaved Arabis lyrata<br />
rockcress, sickle-pod Arabis sparsiflora<br />
rockcress, spreading-pod Arabis divaricarpa<br />
rocket, prairie Erysimum asperum<br />
rose, baldhip Rosa gymnocarpa<br />
rose, clustered wild Rosa pisocarpa<br />
rose, Nootka Rosa nutkana<br />
rose, prairie Rosa woodsii<br />
rose, prickly Rosa acicularis<br />
rosebay, Lapland Rhododendron lapponicum<br />
roseroot Sedum integrifolium<br />
rush, alpine Juncus alpinoarticulatus<br />
rush, arctic Juncus arcticus<br />
rush, Bolander’s Juncus bolanderi<br />
rush, chestnut Juncus castaneus<br />
rush, Colorado Juncus confusus<br />
rush, <strong>common</strong> Juncus effusus<br />
rush, dagger-leaved Juncus ensifolius<br />
rush, Drummond’s Juncus drummondii<br />
rush, jointed Juncus articulatus<br />
rush, Kellogg’s Juncus kelloggii<br />
rush, long-styled Juncus longistylis<br />
rush, Mertens’ Juncus mertensianus ssp. mertensianus<br />
rush, mud Juncus gerardii<br />
rush, Nevada Juncus mertensianus ssp. gracilis<br />
rush, Parry’s Juncus parryi<br />
rush, slender Juncus tenuis<br />
rush, tapered Juncus acuminatus<br />
rush, thread Juncus fili<strong>for</strong>mis<br />
rush, three-flowered Juncus triglumis<br />
rush, toad Juncus bufonius<br />
rush, Torry’s Juncus torreyi<br />
rush, tuberous Juncus nodosus<br />
rush, Vasey’s Juncus vaseyi<br />
ryegrass, perennial Lolium perenne<br />
54
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
sage, pasture Artemisia frigida<br />
sagebrush, big Artemisia tridentata<br />
sagebrush, threetip Artemisia tripartita<br />
sagewort, mountain Artemisia arctica<br />
St. John’s-wort, bog Hypericum anagalloides<br />
St. John’s-wort, <strong>common</strong> Hypericum per<strong>for</strong>atum<br />
St. John’s-wort, western Hypericum <strong>for</strong>mosum<br />
sainfoin Onobrychis viciifolia<br />
salal Gaultheria shallon<br />
salmonberry Rubus spectabilis<br />
salsify, <strong>common</strong> Tragopogon porrifolius<br />
salsify, meadow Tragopogon pratensis<br />
salsify, yellow Tragopogon dubius<br />
saltgrass, alkali Distichlis stricta<br />
saltgrass, seashore Distichlis spicata<br />
sand-spurry, beach Spergularia macrotheca<br />
sand-spurry, Canadian Spergularia canadensis<br />
sand-spurry, red Spergularia rubra<br />
sand-verbena, yellow Abronia latifolia<br />
sandwort, alpine Minuartia obtusiloba<br />
sandwort, big-leaved Moehringia macrophylla<br />
sandwort, blunt-leaved Moehringia lateriflora<br />
sandwort, boreal Minuartia rubella<br />
sandwort, mountain Minuartia biflora<br />
sandwort, northern Minuartia rossii<br />
sandwort, Nuttall’s Minuartia nuttallii<br />
sandwort, seabeach Honkenya peploides<br />
sandwort, slender Minuartia tenella<br />
sandwort, thread-leaved Arenaria capillaris<br />
sanicle, Pacific Sanicula crassicaulis<br />
sanicle, Sierra Sanicula graveolens<br />
saskatoon Amelanchier alnifolia<br />
satin-flower Sisyrinchium douglasii<br />
saxifrage, Alaska Saxifraga ferruginea<br />
saxifrage, alpine Saxifraga nivalis<br />
saxifrage, brook Saxifraga nelsoniana<br />
saxifrage, buttercup-leaved Suksdorfia ranunculifolia<br />
saxifrage, evergreen Saxifraga aizoides<br />
saxifrage, grassland Saxifraga integrifolia<br />
saxifrage, leatherleaf Leptarrhena pyrolifolia<br />
saxifrage, nodding Saxifraga cernua<br />
saxifrage, purple mountain Saxifraga oppositifolia<br />
saxifrage, red-stemmed Saxifraga lyallii<br />
saxifrage, rusty-haired Saxifraga rufidula<br />
saxifrage, spotted Saxifraga bronchialis<br />
saxifrage, stoloniferous Saxifraga flagellaris<br />
saxifrage, stream Saxifraga odontoloma<br />
saxifrage, three-toothed Saxifraga tricuspidata<br />
saxifrage, Tolmie’s Saxifraga tolmiei<br />
saxifrage, tufted Saxifraga cespitosa<br />
55
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
saxifrage, violet Suksdorfia violacea<br />
saxifrage, wedge-leaved Saxifraga adcendens<br />
saxifrage, western Saxifraga occidentalis<br />
saxifrage, wood Saxifraga mertensiana<br />
scheuchzeria Scheuchzeria palustris<br />
scouring-rush Equisetum hyemale<br />
scouring-rush, dwarf Equisetum scirpoides<br />
scouring-rush, northern Equisetum variegatum<br />
scouring-rush, smooth Equisetum laevigatum<br />
sea blush Plectritis congesta<br />
sea-milkwort Glaux maritima<br />
seablite Suaeda depressa<br />
sedge, awl-fruited Carex stipata<br />
sedge, awned Carex atherodes<br />
sedge, Bebb’s Carex bebbii<br />
sedge, beaked Carex rostrata<br />
sedge, bent Carex deflexa<br />
sedge, bigleaf Carex amplifolia<br />
sedge, black alpine Carex nigricans<br />
sedge, black-scaled Carex atrosquama<br />
sedge, blunt Carex obtusata<br />
sedge, Brewer’s Carex breweri<br />
sedge, bristle-leaved Carex eburnea<br />
sedge, bristle-stalked Carex leptalea<br />
sedge, bronze Carex aenea<br />
sedge, brownish Carex brunnescens<br />
sedge, Buxbaum’s Carex buxbaumii<br />
sedge, capitate Carex capitata<br />
sedge, coastal stellate Carex phyllomanica<br />
sedge, Columbia Carex aperta<br />
sedge, cordroot Carex chordorrhiza<br />
sedge, Craw<strong>for</strong>d’s Carex craw<strong>for</strong>dii<br />
sedge, Cusick’s Carex cusickii<br />
sedge, Dewey’s Carex deweyana<br />
sedge, Douglas’ Carex douglasii<br />
sedge, dunhead Carex phaeocephala<br />
sedge, Enander’s Carex enanderi<br />
sedge, few-flowered Carex pauciflora<br />
sedge, few-seeded bog Carex microglochin<br />
sedge, field Carex praegracilis<br />
sedge, golden Carex aurea<br />
sedge, green Carex oederi<br />
sedge, grey Carex canescens<br />
sedge, hairlike Carex capillaris<br />
sedge, harefoot Carex leporina<br />
sedge, hay Carex foenea<br />
sedge, Henderson’s Carex hendersonii<br />
sedge, Holm’s Rocky Mountain Carex scopulorum<br />
sedge, Hood’s Carex hoodii<br />
sedge, Hudson Bay Carex heleonastes<br />
sedge, inflated Carex vesicaria<br />
56
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
sedge, inland Carex interior<br />
sedge, large-awned Carex macrochaeta<br />
sedge, lens-fruited Carex lenticularis<br />
sedge, lesser panicled Carex diandra<br />
sedge, long-beaked Carex sychnocephala<br />
sedge, long-bracted Carex retrorsa<br />
sedge, long-stoloned Carex pensylvanica<br />
sedge, long-styled Carex stylosa<br />
sedge, low northern Carex concinna<br />
sedge, meadow Carex praticola<br />
sedge, Mertens’ Carex mertensii<br />
sedge, narrow-leaved Carex angustior<br />
sedge, narrow-leaved Carex stenophylla<br />
sedge, northern clustered Carex arcta<br />
sedge, northwestern Carex concinnoides<br />
sedge, pale Carex livida<br />
sedge, Parry’s Carex parryana<br />
sedge, pasture Carex petasata<br />
sedge, Payson’s Carex paysonis<br />
sedge, Peck’s Carex peckii<br />
sedge, poor Carex paupercula<br />
sedge, porcupine Carex hystericina<br />
sedge, prairie Carex prairea*<br />
sedge, Pyrenean Carex pyrenaica<br />
sedge, Raynolds’ Carex raynoldsii<br />
sedge, Richardson’s Carex richardsonii<br />
sedge, Rocky Mountain Carex saximontana<br />
sedge, Ross’ Carex rossii<br />
sedge, russet Carex saxatilis<br />
sedge, ryegrass Carex loliacea<br />
sedge, Sartwell’s Carex sartwellii<br />
sedge, Scandinavian Carex media<br />
sedge, sheathed Carex vaginata<br />
sedge, sheep Carex illota<br />
sedge, shore Carex limosa<br />
sedge, short-beaked Carex simulata*<br />
sedge, short-stalked Carex podocarpa<br />
sedge, showy Carex spectabilis<br />
sedge, single-spiked Carex scirpoidea<br />
sedge, Sitka Carex sitchensis<br />
sedge, slender Carex lasiocarpa<br />
sedge, slender-beaked Carex athrostachya<br />
sedge, slough Carex obnupta<br />
sedge, small-awned Carex microchaeta<br />
sedge, Smokey Mountain Carex proposita<br />
sedge, smooth-stemmed Carex laeviculmis<br />
sedge, s<strong>of</strong>t-leaved Carex disperma<br />
sedge, sparse-leaved Carex tenuiflora<br />
sedge, spikenard Carex nardina<br />
sedge, Sprengel’s Carex sprengelii<br />
57
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
sedge, teacher’s Carex praeceptorum<br />
sedge, tender Carex tenera*<br />
sedge, thick-headed Carex macloviana<br />
sedge, thread-leaved Carex filifolia<br />
sedge, three-seeded Carex trisperma<br />
sedge, two-parted Carex bipartita<br />
sedge, two-toned Carex albonigra<br />
sedge, water Carex aquatilis<br />
sedge, woolly Carex lanuginosa<br />
sedge, yellow bog Carex dioica ssp. gynocrates<br />
sedge, yellow-fruited Carex flava<br />
selaginella, compact Selaginella densa<br />
selaginella, low Selaginella selaginoides<br />
selaginella, northern Selaginella sibirica<br />
selaginella, Wallace’s Selaginella wallacei<br />
self-heal Prunella vulgaris<br />
shepherd’s purse Capsella bursa-pastoris<br />
shootingstar, broad-leaved Dodecatheon hendersonii<br />
shootingstar, few-flowered Dodecatheon pulchellum<br />
shootingstar, Jeffrey’s Dodecatheon jeffreyi<br />
shootingstar, slimpod Dodecatheon conjugens<br />
sibbaldia Sibbaldia procumbens<br />
silverweed Potentilla anserina<br />
single delight Moneses uniflora<br />
skeletonplant, rush-like Lygodesmia juncea<br />
skeletonweed, narrow-leaved Stephanomeria tenuifolia<br />
skullcap, blue Scutellaria lateriflora<br />
skullcap, marsh Scutellaria galericulata<br />
skullcap, narrow-leaved Scutellaria angustifolia<br />
skunk cabbage Lysichiton americanum<br />
sloughgrass Beckmannia syzigachne<br />
smartweed, marshpepper Polygonum hydropiper<br />
smartweed, swamp Polygonum hydropiperoides<br />
smartweed, water Polygonum amphibium<br />
smelowskia, alpine Smelowskia calycina<br />
snake-root, black Sanicula marilandica<br />
snowberry, <strong>common</strong> Symphoricarpos albus<br />
snowberry, mountain Symphoricarpos oreophilus<br />
snowberry, trailing Symphoricarpos mollis<br />
snowberry, western Symphoricarpos occidentalis<br />
snowbrush Ceanothus velutinus<br />
soopolallie Shepherdia canadensis<br />
sorrel, garden Rumex acetosa<br />
sorrel, mountain Oxyria digyna<br />
sour weed Rumex acetosella<br />
sow-thistle, annual Sonchus oleraceus<br />
sow-thistle, perennial Sonchus arvensis<br />
spearmint Mentha spicata<br />
spearwort, lesser Ranunculus flammula<br />
speedwell, alpine Veronica wormskjoldii<br />
speedwell, Cusick’s Veronica cusickii<br />
58
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
speedwell, marsh Veronica scutellata<br />
speedwell, purslane Veronica peregrinus<br />
speedwell, slender Veronica fili<strong>for</strong>mis<br />
speedwell, thyme-leaved Veronica serpyllifolia<br />
speedwell, water Veronica anagallis-aquatica<br />
sphagnum Sphagnum<br />
sphagnum, <strong>common</strong> brown Sphagnum fuscum<br />
sphagnum, <strong>common</strong> green Sphagnum girgensohnii<br />
sphagnum, <strong>common</strong> red Sphagnum capillaceum<br />
spike-rush, beaked Eleocharis rostellata<br />
spike-rush, blunt Eleocharis ovata<br />
spike-rush, <strong>common</strong> Eleocharis palustris<br />
spike-rush, few-flowered Eleocharis quinqueflora<br />
spike-rush, needle Eleocharis acicularis<br />
spirea, birch-leaved Spiraea betulifolia<br />
spirea, pink Spiraea douglasii ssp. menziesii<br />
spirea, pyramid Spiraea pyramidata<br />
spirea, subalpine Spiraea densiflora<br />
spleenwort, green Asplenium viride<br />
spleenwort, maidenhair Asplenium trichomanes<br />
sprangle-top Scolochloa festucacea<br />
spring gold Lomatium utriculatum<br />
springbeauty, heart-leaved Claytonia cordifolia<br />
springbeauty, western Claytonia lanceolata<br />
spruce, black Picea mariana<br />
spruce, Engelmann Picea engelmannii<br />
spruce, hybrid white Picea glauca x engelmannii<br />
spruce, Roche Picea sitchensis x glauca (= P. x lutzii)<br />
spruce, Sitka Picea sitchensis<br />
spruce, white Picea glauca<br />
spurge, leafy Euphorbia esula<br />
starflower, broad-leaved Trientalis latifolia<br />
starflower, northern Trientalis europaea<br />
starwort, crisp Stellaria crispa<br />
starwort, long-leaved Stellaria longifolia<br />
starwort, long-stalked Stellaria longipes<br />
starwort, northern Stellaria calycantha<br />
steer’s head Dicentra uniflora<br />
stickseed, blue Hackelia micrantha<br />
stickseed, bristly Lappula squarrosa<br />
stickseed, many-flowered Hackelia floribunda<br />
stickseed, nodding Hackelia deflexa<br />
stickseed, sagebrush Hackelia arida<br />
stickseed, spreading Hackelia diffusa<br />
stickseed, western Lappula redowskii<br />
stonecrop, broad-leaved Sedum spathulifolium<br />
stonecrop, lance-leaved Sedum lanceolatum<br />
stonecrop, Oregon Sedum oreganum<br />
stonecrop, spreading Sedum divergens<br />
stonecrop, worm-leaved Sedum stenopetalum<br />
59
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
stork’s-bill Erodium cicutarium<br />
strawberry, blue-leaved Fragaria virginiana ssp. glauca<br />
strawberry, coastal Fragaria chiloensis<br />
strawberry, wild Fragaria virginiana<br />
strawberry, wood Fragaria vesca<br />
strawberry-blite Chenopodium capitatum<br />
sumac Rhus glabra<br />
sundew, long-leaved Drosera anglica<br />
sundew, round-leaved Drosera rotundifolia<br />
sweet gale Myrica gale<br />
sweet-cicely, blunt-fruited Osmorhiza depauperata<br />
sweet-cicely, mountain Osmorhiza chilensis<br />
sweet-cicely, purple Osmorhiza purpurea<br />
sweet-cicely, western Osmorhiza occidentalis<br />
sweet-clover, white Melilotus alba<br />
sweet-clover, yellow Melilotus <strong>of</strong>ficinalis<br />
sweetgrass, alpine Hierochloe alpina<br />
sweetgrass, <strong>common</strong> Hierochloe odorata<br />
tamarack Larix laricina<br />
tansy, <strong>common</strong> Tanacetum vulgare<br />
tansy, western dune Tanacetum bipinnatum<br />
tansymustard, Richardson’s Descurainia richardsonii<br />
tansymustard, western Descurainia pinnata<br />
tarragon Artemisia dracunculus<br />
tarweed, clustered Madia glomerata<br />
tarweed, little Madia exigua<br />
tarweed, slender Madia gracilis<br />
tarweed, woodland Madia madioides<br />
tea-berry, western Gaultheria ovatifolia<br />
thimbleberry Rubus parviflorus<br />
thistle, bull Cirsium vulgare<br />
thistle, Canada Cirsium arvense<br />
thistle, edible Cirsium edule<br />
thistle, Hooker’s Cirsium hookerianum<br />
thistle, nodding Carduus nutans<br />
thistle, Russian Salsola kali<br />
thistle, short-styled Cirsium brevistylum<br />
thistle, wavy-leaved Cirsium undulatum<br />
three-awn, red Aristida longiseta<br />
thrift Armeria maritima<br />
timothy Phleum pratense<br />
timothy, alpine Phleum alpinum<br />
toad-flax, bastard Geocaulon lividum<br />
toadflax, dalmatian Linaria dalmatica<br />
touch-me-not, <strong>common</strong> Impatiens noli-tangere<br />
touch-me-not, orange Impatiens aurella<br />
touch-me-not, spotted Impatiens capensis<br />
touch-me-not, spurless Impatiens ecalcarata<br />
trapper’s tea Ledum glandulosum<br />
60
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
trefoil, birds-foot Lotus corniculatus<br />
trefoil, meadow birds-foot Lotus denticulatus<br />
trillium, western Trillium ovatum<br />
trisetum, nodding Trisetum cernuum<br />
trisetum, spike Trisetum spicatum<br />
tumble-mustard, Loesel’s Sisymbrium loeselii<br />
tumble-mustard, tall Sisymbrium altissimum<br />
twayblade, broad-leaved Listera convallarioides<br />
twayblade, heart-leaved Listera cordata<br />
twayblade, northern Listera borealis<br />
twayblade, northwestern Listera caurina<br />
twinberry, black Lonicera involucrata<br />
twinflower Linnaea borealis<br />
twistedstalk, clasping Streptopus amplexifolius<br />
twistedstalk, rosy Streptopus roseus<br />
twistedstalk, small Streptopus streptopoides<br />
valerian, marsh Valeriana dioica<br />
valerian, Scouler’s Sitka Valeriana sitchensis ssp. scouleri<br />
valerian, Sitka Valeriana sitchensis<br />
vanilla-leaf Achlys triphylla<br />
vernalgrass, sweet Anthoxanthum odoratum<br />
vetch, American Vicia americana<br />
vetch, <strong>common</strong> Vicia sativa<br />
vetch, giant Vicia gigantea<br />
vetch, hairy Vicia villosa<br />
vetch, tufted Vicia cracca<br />
violet, Alaska Viola langsdorfii<br />
violet, Canada Viola canadensis<br />
violet, early blue Viola adunca<br />
violet, kidney-leaved Viola renifolia<br />
violet, marsh Viola palustris<br />
violet, northern Viola septentrionalis<br />
violet, northern bog Viola nephrophylla<br />
violet, Nuttall’s Viola nuttallii<br />
violet, round-leaved Viola orbiculata<br />
violet, small white Viola macloskeyi<br />
violet, stream Viola glabella<br />
violet, trailing yellow Viola sempervirens<br />
violet, yellow montane Viola nuttallii ssp. praemorsa<br />
violet, yellow prairie Viola nuttallii ssp. nuttallii<br />
violet, yellow sagebrush Viola nuttallii ssp. vallicola<br />
wallflower, small Erysimum inconspicuum<br />
wall-lettuce Mycelis muralis<br />
wapato Sagittaria latifolia<br />
water-buttercup, small yellow Ranunculus gmelinii<br />
water-buttercup, stiff-leaved Ranunculus amphibius<br />
water-buttercup, white Ranunculus aquatilis<br />
water-buttercup, yellow Ranunculus flabellaris<br />
water-hemlock, Douglas’ Cicuta douglasii<br />
61
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
waterleaf, bullhead Hydrophyllum capitatum<br />
waterleaf, Pacific Hydrophyllum tenuipes<br />
waterlily, fragrant Nymphaea odorata<br />
waterlily, pygmy Nymphaea tetragona<br />
waterlily, yellow Nuphar lutea<br />
water-milfoil, northern spiked Myriophyllum spicatum var. exalbescens<br />
water-milfoil, whorled Myriophyllum verticillatum<br />
water-parsley Oenanthe sarmentosa<br />
water-parsnip Sium sauve<br />
water-plantain Alisma plantago-aquatica<br />
watershield Brasenia schreberi<br />
water-starwort, spring Callitriche palustris<br />
wheatgrass, bluebunch Agropyron spicatum<br />
wheatgrass, broad-glumed Agropyron violaceum<br />
wheatgrass, crested Agropyron pectini<strong>for</strong>me<br />
wheatgrass, downy Agropyron dasystachyum<br />
wheatgrass, slender Agropyron trachycaulum*<br />
(Agropyron pauciflorum)<br />
wheatgrass, western Agropyron smithii<br />
whitlow-grass, spring Erophila verna<br />
wild ginger Asarum caudatum<br />
wild sarsaparilla Aralia nudicaulis<br />
wildrye, blue Elymus glaucus<br />
wildrye, Canada Elymus canadensis<br />
wildrye, dune Elymus mollis<br />
wildrye, fuzzy-spiked Elymus innovatus<br />
wildrye, giant Elymus cinereus<br />
wildrye, hairy Elymus hirsutus<br />
wildrye, Macoun’s x Agrohordeum macounii<br />
willow, Alaska Salix alaxensis<br />
willow, arctic Salix arctica<br />
willow, Athabasca Salix athabascensis<br />
willow, balsam Salix pyrifolia<br />
willow, Barclay’s Salix barclayi<br />
willow, Barratt’s Salix barrattiana<br />
willow, Bebb’s Salix bebbiana<br />
willow, bilberry Salix myrtillifolia<br />
willow, bog Salix pedicellaris<br />
willow, Cascade Salix cascadensis<br />
willow, coyote Salix exigua<br />
willow, Drummond’s Salix drummondiana<br />
willow, Farr’s Salix farriae<br />
willow, Geyer’s Salix geyeriana<br />
willow, grey-leaved Salix glauca<br />
willow, hoary Salix candida<br />
willow, Hooker’s Salix hookeriana<br />
willow, Maccall’s Salix maccalliana<br />
willow, Mackenzie’s Salix mackenzieana<br />
willow, mountain Salix pseudomonticola<br />
willow, netted Salix reticulata<br />
62
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
willow, New England Salix novae-angliae<br />
willow, northern bush Salix arbusculoides<br />
willow, Pacific Salix lasiandra<br />
willow, peach-leaf Salix amygdaloides<br />
willow, polar Salix polaris<br />
willow, pussy Salix discolor<br />
willow, rock Salix vestita<br />
willow, sandbar Salix interior<br />
willow, Scouler’s Salix scouleriana<br />
willow, short-fruited Salix brachycarpa<br />
willow, Sitka Salix sitchensis<br />
willow, snow Salix reticulata ssp. nivalis<br />
willow, s<strong>of</strong>t-leaved Salix sessilifolia<br />
willow, stoloniferous Salix stolonifera<br />
willow, tea-leaved Salix planifolia<br />
willow, variable Salix commutata<br />
willow, woolly Salix lanata<br />
willowherb, alpine Epilobium anagallidifolium<br />
willowherb, broad-leaved Epilobium latifolium<br />
willowherb, Hornemann’s Epilobium hornemannii<br />
willowherb, purple-leaved Epilobium ciliatum<br />
willowherb, small-flowered Epilobium minutum<br />
willowherb, smooth Epilobium glaberrimum<br />
willowherb, sticky Epilobium glandulosum<br />
willowherb, swamp Epilobium palustre<br />
willowherb, yellow Epilobium luteum<br />
wintergreen, arctic Pyrola grandiflora<br />
wintergreen, green Pyrola chlorantha<br />
wintergreen, lesser Pyrola minor<br />
wintergreen, Nootka Pyrola dentata<br />
wintergreen, one-sided Orthilia secunda<br />
wintergreen, pink Pyrola asarifolia<br />
wintergreen, white Pyrola elliptica<br />
wintergreen, white-veined Pyrola picta<br />
witchgrass, <strong>common</strong> Panicum capillare<br />
witchgrass, Scribner’s Panicum oligosanthes<br />
witchgrass, western Panicum occidentale<br />
wolf-willow Elaeagnus commutata<br />
wood-reed, nodding Cinna latifolia<br />
woodland star, slender Lithophragma tenellum<br />
woodland star, small-flowered Lithophragma parviflorum<br />
woodland star, smooth Lithophragma glabrum<br />
woodrush, arctic Luzula arctica<br />
woodrush, curved alpine Luzula arcuata<br />
woodrush, many-flowered Luzula multiflora<br />
woodrush, Piper’s Luzula piperi<br />
woodrush, small-flowered Luzula parviflora<br />
woodrush, smooth Luzula hitchcockii<br />
woodrush, spiked Luzula spicata<br />
woodrush, Wahlenberg’s Luzula wahlenbergii<br />
63
COMMON NAME LATIN NAME<br />
woodsia, Oregon Woodsia oregana<br />
woodsia, Rocky Mountain Woodsia scopulina<br />
woodsia, smooth Woodsia glabella<br />
wormwood, northern Artemisia campestris<br />
yampah Perideridia gairdneri<br />
yarrow Achillea millefolium<br />
yarrow, hoary false Chaenactis douglasii<br />
yarrow, western Achillea millefolium var. lanulosa<br />
yellow bell Fritillaria pudica<br />
yellow-cedar Chamaecyparis nootkatensis<br />
yerba buena Satureja douglasii<br />
yew, western Taxus brevifolia<br />
Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus<br />
64
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