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$/(3+<br />

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σ Uφ µPσ ] µP<br />

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=<br />

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m<br />

25µ<br />

m +<br />

−<br />

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GeV / c)<br />

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Sia il silicio che il germanio hanno una struttura cristallina come indicato, cioè hanno un<br />

legame tetravalente.<br />

Il silicio ha in totale 14 elettroni di cui 4 di valenza Î il nucleo ionico ha carica +4.<br />

Siccome gli elettroni di valenza servono ad unire gli atomi adiacenti, sono strettamente legati al<br />

nucleo a 0 K Î bassa conducibilità.<br />

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valenza (p)<br />

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conduction band<br />

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valence band<br />

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Gli elettroni diffondono nel p , le<br />

lacune nell’n<br />

→ si crea una differenza di<br />

potenziale Æ la diffusione si ferma<br />

Regione di svuotamento non ci<br />

sono portatori di carica liberi.<br />

Nessuna carica libera nella regione di<br />

svuotamento<br />

(A. Peisert, Instrumentation In High Energy<br />

Physics, World Scientific)<br />

*5L]]R Rivelatori al silicio


*5L]]R Rivelatori al silicio


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= ⎜<br />

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2<br />

1<br />

2<br />

Si è risolta l’equazione di Poisson<br />

d 2 V/dx 2 = -ρ(x)/ε e si è assunta una<br />

densità di carica ρ(x) uniforme .<br />

ρ(x)=qN D<br />

ρ(x)=qN a<br />

per 0


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HVWHQGHÆ GLRGRFRPSOHWDPHQWHVYXRWDWRGa[ Q aε9 % T1 G <br />

x d<br />

= 2εµ<br />

⋅ ρV<br />

= 0.53µ<br />

m ⋅ ρ(<br />

Ωcm)<br />

⋅V<br />

( V )<br />

‰ ,OGHSRVLWRGLHQHUJLDQHOOD]RQDFRPSOHWDPHQWHVYXRWDWD<br />

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*5L]]R Rivelatori al silicio


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