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Structural Model oj ltaly"3011 47\.PPENDIX<strong>The</strong> <strong>relationships</strong> <strong>between</strong>Latium - Abruzzi Apennines<strong>the</strong> <strong>geology</strong> <strong>and</strong> hydro<strong>geology</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>Istitutodi GeologiaCARLO FELICE BONIPaleon.tologia, U n.iversità - RomaThis short note on <strong>the</strong> hydro<strong>geology</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> CentraI Apennines is intended to pointout <strong>the</strong> <strong>relationships</strong> <strong>between</strong> <strong>the</strong> geological f~atures <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> region <strong>and</strong> its hydrogeologicalcharacteristics. This leads to a tw<strong>of</strong>old conclusion: although a detailed hydrogeologicalstudy is impossible without a pracise geological background, structural interpretationsmay never<strong>the</strong>less be subjected to hydrogeological testing.<strong>The</strong> area under study is shown in Fig. 20. It corresponds to that sector <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>Laf,ium-Abruzzi Apennines where <strong>the</strong>re outcrop sedimenta <strong>of</strong> a subsiding carbonateshelf surrounded by deposita transitional to <strong>the</strong> open sea.<strong>The</strong> hydrogeological research begins, in <strong>the</strong> first pIace, with <strong>the</strong> consideration that<strong>the</strong> shelf <strong>and</strong> reef deposita, involved in orogenic movements, assume a permeabilitythrough fracturing which is distinctly superior to that <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> transitional sedimenta,rich in pelitic intercalations <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>refore, on <strong>the</strong> whole, lesa permeable. In <strong>the</strong> secondpIace, in <strong>the</strong> carbonate shelf environment particular consideration has been given to<strong>the</strong> sedimentological variations associated with lithological differences. <strong>The</strong> dolomitesfound at <strong>the</strong> base <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> series <strong>and</strong>, to a legger extent, <strong>the</strong> dolomitized limestones foundat different levels generally show, in <strong>the</strong> Abruzzi Apennines, a legger permeability than<strong>the</strong> limestones which form <strong>the</strong> higher part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Mesozoic. Knowledge is stilllackingon <strong>the</strong> distribution <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> dolomitic facies which would permit a precise cartography.<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> whole region. For this reason alI <strong>the</strong> shelf <strong>and</strong> reef deposita have been mappedwith <strong>the</strong> same symbol, waiting for more detailed studies. Only through <strong>the</strong> analysis<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> better-studied key areas will it be possible to give precise hydrogeological significanceto some dolomitic outcrops <strong>and</strong> to describe <strong>the</strong>ir influence on <strong>the</strong> deep circulation<strong>of</strong> water.Ano<strong>the</strong>r determining element is <strong>the</strong> evolution <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> structural pattern which <strong>the</strong>different tectonic unita have undergone during orogeny. An important factor in thisphase has been <strong>the</strong> deposition <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> flysch <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> allochthonous nappes (typical impermeableunita considered here to be in <strong>the</strong> same category as <strong>the</strong> synorogenic terrigenoussedimenta) which filI <strong>the</strong> depressions <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> troughs that existed before orformed later at <strong>the</strong> interior <strong>and</strong> periphery <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> shelf, <strong>and</strong> which ,,'ere involved in successivetectonic phases. We find consequently <strong>the</strong> carbonate shelf partitioned intoseparate sectors bv deen troufths filled hv imnArmAahlA RAr'limAnt,R whil1h Rllrround.
48 [302J Structural Model oJ Italy<strong>of</strong>ten with perfect continuity, <strong>the</strong> different structural units, hydraulically isolating onefrom <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r.~,\;.:.~:.:;.!..i.::~.PESCARA-~,'r:'1~~",
Structural M odel oJ l taly '3031 49In stating <strong>the</strong> most generaI criteria used in <strong>the</strong> hydrogeological research it is necessaryto look at some characteristic hydrological data <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> region before comparing<strong>the</strong> hydro<strong>geology</strong> with <strong>the</strong> <strong>geology</strong>.In <strong>the</strong> region <strong>the</strong> yearly average meteoric falls range frolli a little less than 1000mm <strong>of</strong> rain at sea level to a maximum <strong>of</strong> 2000 mm in <strong>the</strong> higher regions. <strong>The</strong> hydrographicnet shown in <strong>the</strong> structural model has only geographic meaning because inreality <strong>the</strong> perennial water courses are few <strong>and</strong> among <strong>the</strong>se many are subjectedeach year to marked low water phases. In addition, more than half <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> meteoricwater which falls on <strong>the</strong> carbonate terrain is absorbed <strong>and</strong> goes to enrich <strong>the</strong> groundwater which feeds about 30 springs with minimum discharge greater than 1 ma !s.On <strong>the</strong> carbonate outcrops an effective infiltration <strong>between</strong> 700 <strong>and</strong> 1000 mm!yrhas been calculated; for <strong>the</strong> transitional facies <strong>the</strong> first available data seem to indicatea value less than 500 mm!yr. <strong>The</strong>se values have been calculated, very simply,dividing <strong>the</strong> average annual volume <strong>the</strong> springs discharge by <strong>the</strong> areas <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>respective source basins.It is important to observe that <strong>the</strong> values calculated furnish infiltration data sufficientlyhomogeneous throughout <strong>the</strong> shelf, with local variations comparable with <strong>the</strong>variations <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> meteoric influx. This pro<strong>of</strong> seems to guarantee a good approximationin <strong>the</strong> delimitation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> different recharge basins whic,h were drawn on <strong>the</strong> basis<strong>of</strong> geological, lithological, morphological, <strong>and</strong> hydrological considerations.A first comparison <strong>between</strong> <strong>the</strong> geological <strong>and</strong> hydrogeological characteristics suggestssome considerations <strong>of</strong> a generaI nature.- <strong>The</strong>re is a precise correspondence <strong>between</strong> <strong>the</strong> tectonic units discussed by P AROTTO<strong>and</strong> PRATURLON <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> hydrogeological unita described here.- It seems evident, from <strong>the</strong> trend <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> directions <strong>of</strong> flow <strong>and</strong> from <strong>the</strong> position<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> springs, that each unit is hydraulically isolated from <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>rs by a b<strong>and</strong><strong>of</strong> flysch. This observation is streng<strong>the</strong>ned by <strong>the</strong> significant comparison <strong>between</strong><strong>the</strong> value <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> average infiltration <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> discharge <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> springs.- Within each unit <strong>the</strong> principal springs are found at <strong>the</strong> periphery <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> structure at<strong>the</strong> lowest altitudes, along <strong>the</strong> limit <strong>between</strong> <strong>the</strong> carbonates <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> ftysch. Significantsprings are not found in <strong>the</strong> interior <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> structures. An exception is <strong>the</strong> structure<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Simbruini where <strong>the</strong>re is a particular situation which will be considered later.- AlI <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> principal springs (Peschiera, Agosta, <strong>the</strong> ones <strong>of</strong> Lepini-Ausoni, Gari,Fibreno, etc.), are found on <strong>the</strong> periphery <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> carbonate shelf, in places very nearto <strong>the</strong> first outcrops with transitional cbaracteristics.After <strong>the</strong>se generaI considerations we can now briefly examine <strong>the</strong> particular cl:aracteristics<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> different hydrogeological units.<strong>The</strong> Volsci.unit (Monti Lepini, Ausoni, Aurunci) is hydraulically isolated. It isbordered to <strong>the</strong> southwest by <strong>the</strong> shaly-s<strong>and</strong>y Plio-Pleistocene sediments which filI<strong>the</strong> Pontine Plain <strong>and</strong> to <strong>the</strong> nor<strong>the</strong>ast by <strong>the</strong> flysch which occupies <strong>the</strong> Latina Valley.<strong>The</strong> deep drainage is directed towards <strong>the</strong> southwest where <strong>the</strong> impermeable belt de:;creases in height to only a few metres above sea level. <strong>The</strong> hydrological balance (dischargingwater-infiltrations) is probably deficient because <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 10ss across <strong>the</strong> Tyrrhe-
50 r304:Structural Model oj ltalynian side <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> structure buried by <strong>the</strong> Plio-Pleistocene cover (Monti Lepini) <strong>and</strong>where <strong>the</strong> shelf immerges directly into <strong>the</strong> sea (Monti Ausoni). <strong>The</strong> eastern sector <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> Aurunci, closed toward <strong>the</strong> sea by terrigenous deposits which reach high altitudes,drains to <strong>the</strong> north towards <strong>the</strong> Liri Valley where <strong>the</strong> carbonate-flysch contact is lower.Aiso <strong>the</strong> unit <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Simbruini, Ernici, Monte Cairo, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> monoclines <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>Garigliano Valley are clearly isolated: to <strong>the</strong> southwest by <strong>the</strong> flysch <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> LatinaValley; to <strong>the</strong> nor<strong>the</strong>ast by <strong>the</strong> flysch <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> Roveto Valley which continues to <strong>the</strong> south,with continuity, through <strong>the</strong> Atina gorge as far as Cassino Plain; to <strong>the</strong> northwestby <strong>the</strong> flysch which follows <strong>the</strong> Antrodoco-Olevano line; <strong>and</strong> to <strong>the</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>ast by <strong>the</strong>volcano <strong>of</strong> Rocca Monfina, whioh is not shown on <strong>the</strong> map. <strong>The</strong> directions <strong>of</strong> groundwater movement correspond with <strong>the</strong> Apennine trend which characterizes <strong>the</strong> structure.Almost at <strong>the</strong> centre <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> unit <strong>the</strong>re is an inversion in <strong>the</strong> direction <strong>of</strong> water flow(to <strong>the</strong> north in <strong>the</strong> nor<strong>the</strong>rn sector, to <strong>the</strong> south in <strong>the</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>rn sector), with severalsprings in <strong>the</strong> interior <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> structure. In <strong>the</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>rn sector <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Simbruini <strong>the</strong>reis, in fact, a considerable structural high with uplift <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> dolomitic basement, withlow permeability, which aots as a subterranean watershed in <strong>the</strong> interior <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> struoture.<strong>The</strong> thick sequences oi dolomites <strong>and</strong> dolomitized limestones are overlaid in continuityor in transgression, <strong>and</strong> locally overthrust tectonically, by more permeablecalcareous sediments; <strong>the</strong>se being closed at <strong>the</strong> base by <strong>the</strong> dolomites <strong>and</strong> broken laterallyby transversal tectonic features, constitute <strong>the</strong> reoharge area <strong>of</strong> several springsdistributed in <strong>the</strong> internaI part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> shelf, generally characterized by quite low yieldvalues (Mola, Pertuso, Cap<strong>of</strong>iume, Liri, Sohioppo, <strong>and</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r minor ones). <strong>The</strong> normalsituation, with drainage to <strong>the</strong> south, is observed in <strong>the</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>rn sector where <strong>the</strong>dolomiticbasement has been lowered by important collapse movements.<strong>The</strong> structural continuity <strong>between</strong> <strong>the</strong> group <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Ernici <strong>and</strong> Monte Cairo arid<strong>between</strong> <strong>the</strong> latter <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> monoclines <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Garigliano Valley seems confirmed bythis simple hydrogeological consideration: to justify <strong>the</strong> large discharge <strong>of</strong> both Gari<strong>and</strong> Peocia springs (minimum discharge 13 m3/s; yearly average 22 m3/s, aver manyyears <strong>of</strong> observations) it is necessary to admit that <strong>the</strong>ir recharge area extends to <strong>the</strong>sou<strong>the</strong>rn sectors <strong>of</strong> Monti Ernici <strong>and</strong> Simbruini, if we assume an annual average recharge<strong>of</strong> about 800-900 mm out or an average annual preçipitation <strong>of</strong> about 1400-1500 mm. Besides <strong>the</strong> Gari <strong>and</strong> Peccia springs, no o<strong>the</strong>r signifioant spring drains thissector.Unlike <strong>the</strong> areas described so far, a precise subdivision <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> Abruzzi ranges (whichfrom <strong>the</strong> Roveto Valley extend as far as <strong>the</strong> Gran Sa~so <strong>and</strong><strong>the</strong> Morrone mountains)presents some difficulties. <strong>The</strong> possible subdivisions are indioated by <strong>the</strong> trend <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> directions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> water flow shown on <strong>the</strong> map.It is possible to isolate a large hydrogeological unit which extends from <strong>the</strong> Peschierasprings sou<strong>the</strong>astward to <strong>the</strong> Velino group <strong>and</strong> continues (including <strong>the</strong> Fucino<strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> seetor <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> Marsica to <strong>the</strong> southwest <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> Sangro) up to Capovolturno springssouthward at <strong>the</strong> Monti della Meta.This large unit is surrounded, like <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>rs, by a belt or flysch which, depositedin <strong>the</strong> depressions <strong>of</strong> th~ shelf, was involved in <strong>the</strong> successive orogenio movements.Following <strong>the</strong> trend <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> flysch outcrops <strong>and</strong> if <strong>the</strong>ir possible continuity under <strong>the</strong>recent sediments <strong>and</strong> tectonic overthrusts is considered, it can be said that <strong>the</strong> carbo-
Structural Model Qf Ital1J [305] 5]nate unit is surrounded by an impermeable belt, probably continuous, which isolates<strong>the</strong> unit considered frolli <strong>the</strong> nearby structures. <strong>The</strong> flysh trend mentioned cali befollowed frolli <strong>the</strong> south along <strong>the</strong> Roveto Valley up to <strong>the</strong> nor<strong>the</strong>rn part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> MontiCarseolani; fur<strong>the</strong>r north along <strong>the</strong> Olevano-Antrodoco line; to <strong>the</strong> east along <strong>the</strong> upperAterno Valley up to <strong>the</strong> L'Aquila bagli; frolli here to <strong>the</strong> south, under <strong>the</strong> overthrustwhich goes frolli L'Aquila to <strong>the</strong> Fucino, along <strong>the</strong> high Altipiano delle Rocche <strong>between</strong><strong>the</strong> Velino <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> Sirente; beyond <strong>the</strong> Fucino along <strong>the</strong> Sangro V alley, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>n to<strong>the</strong> SQuth as far as Capovolturno. <strong>The</strong> unit thus defined is subdivided into three sectorsby two important structural <strong>and</strong> paleogeographic features. <strong>The</strong> large depression <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>Fucino, whose geological significance is not yet understood, is surrounded by transitionalsediments: in hydrogeological terms one cali consider that this internaI area <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> shelf (where terrigenous sediments are intercalated to calcareous deposits) is apartition area with <strong>the</strong> function <strong>of</strong> dividing hydraulically <strong>the</strong> Velino group frolli <strong>the</strong>western Marsica; to <strong>the</strong> latter is joined with continuity <strong>the</strong> ridge <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Monti Carseolani(eastern slope <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Roveto Valley) which is not under <strong>the</strong> influence <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fucino.<strong>The</strong> nor<strong>the</strong>rn sector (Velino Group) , hydraulically closed to <strong>the</strong> south by <strong>the</strong>Fucino, supplies <strong>the</strong> large springs <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Peschiera <strong>and</strong> Canetra (20-25 ma/g); <strong>the</strong>sou<strong>the</strong>rn sector drains towards <strong>the</strong> springs <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Fibreno (7-14 ma/g). Fur<strong>the</strong>rto <strong>the</strong> south, in <strong>the</strong> Monti della Meta, a Mesozoic structural high uplifts <strong>the</strong> dolomiticbasement which closes to <strong>the</strong> south <strong>the</strong> Fibreno basino On <strong>the</strong> Jurassic-Liassic basement,<strong>the</strong>re rest in transgression discontinuous transitional series. <strong>The</strong> sector <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>Meta unit is consequently isolated hydraulically frolli <strong>the</strong> western Marsica <strong>and</strong> drainsto <strong>the</strong> south towards <strong>the</strong> Capovolturno spring (6 m3js).A structural situation analogous to that <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Monti della Meta is seen a littlefur<strong>the</strong>r south in <strong>the</strong> Venafro mountains, where <strong>the</strong> interrupted sedimentation on <strong>the</strong>Jurassic-Liassic dolomitic basement shows typical transitional characteristics. Thisunit, with a triangular shape, is bordered on <strong>the</strong> east by <strong>the</strong> Volturno Valley, on <strong>the</strong>southwest by <strong>the</strong> large tectonic disturbance, which passes along <strong>the</strong> Atina gorges <strong>and</strong>puts <strong>the</strong> Liassic dolomites in contact with <strong>the</strong> Miocene flysch, <strong>and</strong> on <strong>the</strong> north by <strong>the</strong>overthrust <strong>of</strong> San Biagio Saracinesco. In agreement with <strong>the</strong> attitude <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> dolomiticbasement <strong>the</strong> drainage here is sou<strong>the</strong>astward toward <strong>the</strong> Volturno Valley.<strong>The</strong> extreme nor<strong>the</strong>ast sector <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Abruzzi Apennines shows marked stratigraphicirregularity with important facies changes at different levels <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> series. Herewe are at <strong>the</strong> margin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> carbonate shelf, where in a short distance we pass to reef<strong>and</strong> external transitional environments with marked lithological variations. Consequently,<strong>the</strong> homogeneity <strong>of</strong> hydrogeological behaviour is lost.At <strong>the</strong> present state <strong>of</strong> knowledge a precise distinction<strong>between</strong> <strong>the</strong> hydrogeologicalbehaviour <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> different lithologic facies is not yet justified. <strong>The</strong> dominatingfactor seems to-" be <strong>the</strong> morphology. <strong>The</strong> large depressions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> L 'Aquila Plain <strong>and</strong><strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Sulmona-Tirino Valley, rich in large springs, seem to function as centripetalsystems as to <strong>the</strong> large <strong>and</strong> complex structures <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Gran Sasso, Sirente, <strong>and</strong> MiddleAterno. <strong>The</strong> same can be said for <strong>the</strong> Morrone.<strong>The</strong> group <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Montagna Gr<strong>and</strong>e which drains into <strong>the</strong> springs <strong>of</strong> Cauto is clearlyisolated by a continuous belt <strong>of</strong> flysch. StilI more closed <strong>of</strong>f frolli <strong>the</strong> neiflhbourinfl
52 [306)Structural Moael oJ ltalystructures is <strong>the</strong> Maiella which feeds three large springs at its periphery along<strong>the</strong> contactwith <strong>the</strong> flysch.This short hydrogeological note has necessarily been syn<strong>the</strong>tic <strong>and</strong> superficial.We have considered only <strong>the</strong> springs which discharge calcic-bicarbonate waters at ordinarytemperatures <strong>and</strong>, <strong>the</strong>refore, related to <strong>the</strong> most superficial zone <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> undergroundhydrological cycle an~ capable <strong>of</strong> supplying information only on <strong>the</strong> uppermostparts <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> outcropping structures.It is hoped that in <strong>the</strong> future we shall be able to obtain more significant informationon <strong>the</strong> deep structure by <strong>the</strong> study, already under way, <strong>of</strong> sulphurous water, atvarious temperatures, distributed preferentially at <strong>the</strong> margins <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> shelf <strong>and</strong> along<strong>the</strong> principal tectonic lines. For <strong>the</strong> moment, however, interpretations based on <strong>the</strong>results <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> first research would be premature.BIBLIOGRAPHYAOOORDI, B.: . Lineamenti Btrutturali del Lazio e dell'Abruzzomeridionali -, Mem. Soc. Geol. Ital., 4, 595-633 (1964).AOOORDI, B.: . Il ritmo di Bedimentazione, in età aSBO-Iute, di alcun13 Berie dell'Appennino -, Gool. Rom.,4, 221-228 (1965).AOOORDI, B.: . La componente traslativa nella tettonicadell' Appennino laziale-abruzzeBe -, Gool. Rom.,O, 355.406 (1966).AOOORDI, B. & ANGELUOOI, A.: . Un neck nel calcarecretacico di Monte Autore (Subiaco, Roma) -, Geol.Rom., l, 289.293 (1962).AOOORDI, B. et al.: . Il Neogene nell'Appennino lazialeabruzzeBe-, Oommittee Mediterranean Neogene Stratigraphy,Proc. IV Session, Bologna 1967; G. Geol.,3ii, 235-268 (1969).AOOORDI, B. et al.: - Idrogeologia dell'Alto Bacinodel Liri, App9nnino Centrale -, Geol. Rom., 8, 177-559 (1969).AOOORDI, B. & MORETTI, A.: - Note illustrative dellaCarta Geologica d'Italia. Foglio 131 Foligno -, ServoGool. d'Italia (1967).AOOORDI, B. & P AROTTO, M.: "Report or an internationalmeeting OD <strong>the</strong> <strong>geology</strong> or <strong>the</strong> ApennineB -, Geol.Rom., lO, 199-216 (1972).ALBERTI, A.: ~O""ervazioni preliminari Bulla geologiadell'Appennino Centrale, Foglio 139 l'Aquila e Foglio140 Teramo, e della Sicilia meridionale, Foglio 272Gela e Foglio 275 Scoglitti -, Boll. Servo Geol. d'Italia,7ii, 638-645 (1954).ALBERTI, A. et al.: . Note IIIuBtrative della Carta Geologicad'Italia. Foglio 136 TuBcania e 142 Civitavecchia-, Servo Gool. d'Italia (1970).AMBROSETTI, P.; AZZAROLI, A.; BONADONNA, F. P. &FOLLIERI, M.: «A scheme <strong>of</strong> Pleistocene chronologyfor <strong>the</strong> Tyrrhenian side <strong>of</strong> Centrai Italyò, Boll. Soc.Goo1. Ita1., 91, 169-184 (1972).ANGELUCCI, A.: «La serie miooenioa nella media ValleLatina (Frosinone) -, Geol. Rom., O, 420-452 (1966).ANGELUCCI, A.: . Rapporti fra tettonica pleiBtocenicae vulcaniBmo minore intrappenninico nel LBzio cenotro-meridionale $, Atti Accad. Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania,B. 6, 18, 73-84 (1967).ANGELUOOI, A.: «Geologia e sedimentologia delle formazionialto miooeniohe nell'Appennino lazioleabruzzese",sketoh map, 1st. Oeol. Paleontol. Uniti.Roma (1971).ANGELUCCI, A. & DEVOTO, G.: ,Geologia del MonteCaccume (Frosinone)&, arol. Rom., o, 177.196 (1966).ANGELUCCI, A.; DEVOTO, G. & FARINACCI, A.: «Le. Argille caotiche ' di Collè Cavallaro a Est di Castrodei Volsoi (Frosinone)., Geol. Rom., 2, 305-330 (1963).ANGELUCCI, A. & PRATURLON, A.: «Raddoppio tettonicodella Bcrie meBocenozo\ca nelle Gole di Celanoa Nord del Fucino (Appennino Centrale) -, Geol. Rom.,7, 431-446 (1968).ANGELUCCI, A. et al.: . Sedimentological charaoteristics<strong>of</strong> solJle Italian turbidites », Geol. Rom., 6, 345-420(1967).BALLY, A.: . Osserv~ioni geologiche fra la pianura diSulmona e il fiume Sangro », Suppl. Ric. Sci., 22,106-128 (1952).BALLY, A.: Geologische Unter8uchungen in den SEAbruzzen {Ziirich, Biihler Buchdruck, 1954).
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Stru