0=AFRICAN geosector - Le Répertoire de la linguasphère

page 86 The Linguasphere Register 1999 / 2000 edition12-AAA-age jezira gzira, cizre Tigris upper valley: Cizre originally (Siirt); (al-Qamishli); (al-Mawsil)12-AAA-agf zakho zakhu migrated from Turkey to Iraq> Khabur valley: Zakho originally (Siirt); (al-Mawsil);12-AAA-agg nerwa nerva Nerva Zheri, Nerva Zhur originally (al-Mawsil); (Hakkari)12-AAA-ah nash-didán judeo-aramaic, "hebraicised aramaic", "jewish aramaic", "pseudo"judeo-kurdish, lishana noshan, lishanid noshan, lishana deni, lishanhudaye, lishan hozaye, lishana axni, lishana didán, lishana-shel-imrani,hulani, jbeli, lakhlókhi influence < [12=] Ivrit (Hebrew) #sometimesimproperly called 'kurdit' (literally «[58=] Kurdish») in [12=] Ivrit; or'judeo-kurdish' in [52=] English; linguistically closely linked to theChaldean Christian community (see Kald-oyo, above)originally Iraq (al-Mawsil; Diyala;Irbil; as-Sulaymaniyah); Iran(Kermanshahan; Azarbaijan-e-Bakhtari; Kordestan); exodus>Israel; {Transcaucasia}; Russia;Ukraine12-AAA-aha zakho-2 Zakho originally (al-Mawsil)12-AAA-ahb atrush Atrush originally (al-Mawsil)12-AAA-ahc al-amadiyah-2 amadiya-2, amadiyah-2 Al-'Amadiyah originally (al-Mawsil)12-AAA-ahd kara Kara originally (al-Mawsil)12-AAA-ahe nerwa-2 nerva Nerva Zheri, Nerva Zhur originally (al-Mawsil)12-AAA-ahf dehuk-2 dehok, dohuk, dahuk Dihuk, Dahuk originally (al-Mawsil)12-AAA-ahg arbil Irbil… originally (Irbil)12-AAA-ahh rwanduz Rawanduz originally (Irbil)12-AAA-ahi salamas salmas Urmia lake>NW.: Salmas originally (Azarbaijan-e-Bakhtari)12-AAA-ahj batas Urmia lake>S.: Beytas originally (Azarbaijan-e-Bakhtari)12-AAA-ahk saqiz Saqqez originally (Kordestan)12-AAA-ahl sanandaj Sirvan valley: Sanandaj originally (Kordestan)12-AAA-ahm kerend Zagros mountains: Kerend originally (Kermanshahan)12-AAA-ahn sulaymaniyya* suleimaniya as-Sulaymaniyah originally (as-Sulaymaniyah);(Kordestan)12-AAA-aho bet-tanure Tannurah* originally (Diyala)12-AAA-ahp dobe originally Iraq or Iran12-AAA-ai hartevan Turkey (Siirt)12-AAA-aj nasoraye nasooraye, "neo-mandaean", "modern mandaean", "modern mandiac",sabaean, "neo-mandaean christian" community Karun valley12-AAA-aja ahwaz Ahwaz, Ahvaz (Khuzistan)12-AAA-ajb khorramshahr Khorramshahr (Khuzistan)Iran (Khuzistan); adjacent Iraq(Amarah, Basrah)12-AAB IVRIT net HEBREW {Mediterranean}12-AAB-a Ivrit "hebrew", "hebraic", "canaanite", 'ibriit, jehudit (=«Jewish language»)from c.–1400: Cuneiform script; Phoenician script; Punic script; fromc.–1200: Hebraic scriptIsrael; {worldwide diaspora} 612-AAB-aa ivrit-tanachit-L. leshon-hakkodesh, ivrit-shel-hatanach, sfat-hatanach, "biblicalhebrew", "liturgical hebrew" #leshon-hakkodesh =«sacred language»Israel; {worldwide diaspora}12-AAB-ab ivrit-modernit "modern hebrew", "revived spoken hebrew" Russia; Ukraine; Slovakia; Poland;Hungary, etc....; migration>A Israel12-AAB-aba ivrit-F. "modern standard hebrew" Israel…12-AAB-abb ivrit-ashkenazit "generalised israeli hebrew", "ashkenazi spoken hebrew" Israel…12-AAB-abc ivrit-sefaradit "sefardic spoken hebrew" Israel…12-AAB-abd ivrit-temanit* "yemenite-hebrew", "arabised hebrew" influence < [12=] 'Arabiyya Yemen; exodus in 1940's > Israel12-AAC 'ARABIYYA net ARABIC, al-'arabiyya, arabiyya (from c. –1200 in North Arabianscripts: Lihyanitic; Thamudic; Safaitic); from c.+500 in Arabic scripts;also in Latin (Maltese) and Hebrew (Judeo-Arabic) scripts12-AAC-a 'Arabiyya-A. faşīħ, fasih, "formal written arabic", "classical arabic"+ "neoclassicalarabic" based on the written language of the Quran and the Hadith,preserved and used with little fundamental change until modern times,except for the generation and addition of new vocabulary12-AAC-aa al-'arabiyya-L. "koranic arabic", "liturgical arabic" {Islamic world}12-AAC-ab al-'arabiyya-F. al-fusha, "formal modern arabic", "modern standard arabic", "neoarabic","neoclassical arabic", lughatu-es-sahafa (=«language of thepress»)Morocco; Mauritania; Algeria;Tunisia; Libya; Egypt; Sudan;Saudi Arabia; Palestine; Israel;Jordan; Lebanon; Syria; Iraq; {Gulfstates}; Yemen; Djibouti; Somalia;Ethiopia; ChadA Algeria; A Saudi Arabia; ABahrain; A Djibouti; A Egypt; AUnited Arab Emirates; Ethiopia; AIraq; A Jordan; A Kuwait; ALebanon; A Libya; A Morocco; AOman; A Qatar; A Somalia; ASudan; A Syria; Tanzania; A Chad;A Yemen; A {UN}12-AAC-aba al-'arabiyya-W. "literary" maghribi, "modern western standard arabic" {Morocco to Libya}12-AAC-abb al-'arabiyya-E. "literary" mashriqi, "modern eastern standard arabic" {Libya eastwards}4467

1= AFRO-ASIAN phylosector Observatoire Linguistique Linguasphere Observatory page 8712-AAC-b Maghribī Arabic-W., maghrebi, "western colloquial arabic", "maghribian","western settled arabic"Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya;Mauritania; Senegal; Mali; Niger;migration> France12-AAC-ba maghribī-W. maghribi "proper", maghrebi "proper", part of "settled maghribi-arabic" Morocco (Marrakech; Safi; Fès;Meknès; Kenitra; Rabat; Oujda;Casablanca; el-Jadida; Tanger;Tétouan); Algeria (Tlemcen; Oran)12-AAC-baa maghrībī-G. "general moroccan arabic" Algeria12-AAC-bab marrakech Marrakech… Safi (Marrakech; Safi…)12-AAC-bac fez+ meknès Fès, Fez… Meknès (Fès; Meknès…)12-AAC-bad rabat+ dar-el-beida Rabat… Dar-el-Beida, Casablanca (Kenitra; Rabat; Casablanca …)12-AAC-bae tanger Tanger… (Tanger…)12-AAC-baf tétouan Tétouan… (Tétouan…)12-AAC-bag oujda Oujda… (Oujda…)12-AAC-bah tlemcen Tlemcen… (Tlemcen)12-AAC-bai ouahran Ouahran, Oran… (Oran…)12-AAC-bb maghribī-E. part of "settled maghribi-arabic" Algeria (Tiaret; Médéa; Algiers;Sétif; Constantine; Annaba);Tunisia (Nabeul; Sousse; Sfax;Gabès; Binzert; el-Kairouan;Tunis); Libya (Tripoli)12-AAC-bba jazā'irī-G. "general algerian arabic" Algeria12-AAC-bbb cherchel Cherchel (Tiaret; Médéa…)12-AAC-bbc al-jazā'ir "algiers popular urban arabic" Algiers, Alger (Algiers)12-AAC-bbd bejaïa Bejaïa, Bougie (Sétif)12-AAC-bbe jijelli Jijelli, Djidjelli (Constantine)12-AAC-bbf 'constantine' Constantine… (Constantine; Annaba…)12-AAC-bbg ifrīqī-G. "coastal tunisian", "general tunisian" (Nabeul; Sousse; Sfax; Gabès)12-AAC-bbh binzert Binzert, Bizerta (Binzert)12-AAC-bbi tunis-U. "urban tunisian" Tunis (Tunis)12-AAC-bbj kairouan El Kairouan (el-Kairouan)12-AAC-bbk sfax Sfax (Sfax)12-AAC-bbl ţarābulusī "tripolitanian" Tarabulus, Tripoli (Tripoli)12-AAC-c Malti Maltese, maltija, al-'arabiyya al-maltiya, "maltese arabic" Malta 512-AAC-ca malti "sicilianised" maghribi influence < [51=] Napoletano+Siciliano Malta 512-AAC-caa malti-F. "standard maltese" Latin script A Malta (Malta; Gozo)12-AAC-cab valletta "port maltese" Malta island: Valetta (Malta)12-AAC-cac zurrieq "traditional maltese"-S. Malta island: Zurrieq (Malta)12-AAC-cad malti-E. "traditional maltese"-E. Malta-E. island: Zejtun… (Malta)12-AAC-cae malti-C. "traditional maltese"-C. Malta-C. island: Rabat… (Malta)12-AAC-caf malti-W. "traditional maltese"-W. Malta-W. island: Mellieha… (Malta)12-AAC-cag gozo Gozo island (Gozo)12-AAC-d Badawī- Şaħrāwī* Sahara-Bedouin, including "sahel bedouin" largely nomadic or seminomadic;dialects, geographical areas & communities to be confirmedMorocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya;Sudan; CAR; Cameroon; Niger;Mali; Senegal; Mauritania12-AAC-da ma'qilī-N. Algeria (Tiaret; Saïda; Saoura);Morocco (Oujda; Taza; Ksar-es-Souk; Kenitra; Tétouan; Settat;Marrakech; Safi)12-AAC-daa saïda Saïda>SW. (Tiaret; Saïda)12-AAC-dab béchar Béchar… (Saoura); (Ksar-es-Souk)12-AAC-dac muluya Moulouya valley & environs (Oujda; Taza…)12-AAC-dad sebou Sebou valley… Rif-W. highlands (Kenitra; Tétouan…)12-AAC-dae oum Oum valley & coastal plain (Settat; Marrakech; Safi…)12-AAC-db ħassāniyya ma'qili-S., klam-el-bidhan (=«speech of the whites»), 'moorish'; sulaka,hasanya, hassani, hassaniya, mauri, 'moor' community, in [51=]Français: 'maure' #community-name ‣dstinct from [12=] Hassaniyya-E.12-AAC-dba ħassāniyya-N. Tarfaya>E. (Tarfaya)Morocco (Tarfaya); WesternSahara; Mauritania; Senegal(Fleuve); Mali (Gao)12-AAC-dbb ħassāniyya-W. Villa Cisneros… Nouadhibou… Nouakchott>E. Western Sahara; Mauritania12-AAC-dbc ħassāniyya-S. Saint-Louis>E. (Fleuve); (Gao)12-AAC-dc hilālī-W. "hilalite"-W. community Algeria (Constantine; Sétif; Batna;Saoura; Oasis)12-AAC-dca 'constantine'-SW. Constantine>SW. (Constantine)12-AAC-dcb 'tell-atlas' Tell-Atlas-C. mountains (Sétif; Batna)12-AAC-dcc 'grand-erg' Grand-Erg desert (Saoura; Oasis)12-AAC-dd hilālī-E. "hilalite"-E., zhbāliyya community Tunisia (Gafsa; el-Kasserine; el-Kaf); Algeria (Annaba)12-AAC-dda ksur Ksur, Ksour… (el-Kaf…)12-AAC-ddb aurès-E. Aurès-E. mountains>E. (Annaba); (el-Kasserine)12-AAC-ddc gafsa Gafsa… (Gafsa…)77776666

page 88 The Linguasphere Register 1999 / 2000 edition12-AAC-de sulaymī sulaimi, "sulaimite", including maraziqi; sulaym community Algeria (Oasis; Annaba); Tunisia(Tunis; el-Kairouan; Gafsa; Gabès;Médenine); Libya (Gharyan;Fazzan; Benghazi); Egypt (MarsaMatruh)12-AAC-dea el-kala el-Kala hinterland (Annaba)12-AAC-deb mejerda Mejerda, Medjerda lower valley>S. (Tunis; el-Kairouan…)12-AAC-dec sulaymī-S. (Oasis); (Gafsa; Gabès;Médenine); (Gharyan)12-AAC-ded sulaymī-E. including fazzani, fezzani Fezzan desert… Sahra al-Gharbiyah+ al-Libiyah deserts…(Fazzan; Benghazi); (MarsaMatruh)12-AAC-df shuwa shua community, in [51=] Français: choa, chowa, arabe du Tchad Chad (Guéra; Moyen-Chari;Salamat; Ouaddaï; Batha; Kanem);Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon12-AAC-dfa shuwa-'chad' Chad, Tchad lake… Chad-W.; Niger-SE.; Nigeria-NE.;Cameroon-N.12-AAC-dfb guéra+ chari (Guéra; Moyen-Chari…)12-AAC-dfc salāmāt-W. (Salamat…)12-AAC-dfd waddai-baţa Abéché… Batha valley (Ouaddaï; Batha)12-AAC-dfe kanem tubu "arabic" (Kanem…)12-AAC-dff shuwa-V. shuwa "vehicular" Chad; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon12-AAC-dg rizaygāt+ felaita baggara; baggaara, baqqarah communities; including salamat-E.#baqqarah, baggara =«cattle-men» cattle-herders ; inter-marriage N. (Kurdufan)12-AAC-did hawāwīr #community-name ad-Dabbah>S. (Kurdufan; ash-Shamaliya)12-AAC-die ħassāniyya-E. #community-name Nile bend: Baiyuda desert ‣distinct from [12=]Hassaniyya (North, West & South)(ash-Shamaliya)12-AAC-dj juhayna guhayna "proper" community Sudan (An-Nil al-Azraq)12-AAC-dk shukrī shukriyya community Sudan (Kassala)12-AAC-e Mashriqī Arabic-E., "eastern colloquial arabic" Libya; Egypt; Sudan; Jordan; Israel& Palestine; Lebanon; Syria; SaudiArabia; Yemen; United ArabEmirates; Oman; Kuwait; Bahrain;Qatar; Iraq; Iran; Djibouti; Somalia;Comoros12-AAC-ea maşrī-N. "lower egyptian arabic" Egypt ("Lower Egypt": el-Qâhira…); also Libya (Cyrenaica);migration> Iraq; Jordan; SaudiArabia; United Arab Emirates;Yemen12-AAC-eaa cairene-F. "formal cairo arabic", in [51=] Français: cairote el-Qahira, Cairo,Caïre…12-AAC-eab ħalebī "popular urban cairo arabic", "popular cairene", in [51=] Français:cairote populaire el-Qahira, Cairo, Caïre(el-Qâhira)(el-Qâhira)12-AAC-eac 'delta'-E. al-Mansurah… Dumyat… Bur-Sa'id… al-Isma'iliyah… (ad-Daqahliyah; Dumyat; Bur-Sa'id;al-Isma'iliyah…)12-AAC-ead 'delta'-C. Banha… Tanta… Kafr-ash-Shaykh… (al-Minufiyah; al-Gharbiyah; Kafrash-Shaykh…)12-AAC-eae al-iskandariyya Al-Iskandariyah, Alexandria>W. (al-Iskandariyah…)12-AAC-eaf barqī "cyrenaican arabic" Banghazi>E. transition < [12=] Maghribi &Badawi-Sahrawi12-AAC-eag al-fayyūm faiyuum al-Fayyum (al-Fayyum)12-AAC-eah banū-suwayf beni-suef, "lower nile arabic" Beni-Suef, Banu Suwayf… (Banu Suwayf)12-AAC-eai minyā+ asyūţ #geographical names el-Minya… Asyut (Minya; Asyut)Libya (Cyrenaica: Banghazi; al-Bayda; Darnah)66587

1= AFRO-ASIAN phylosector Observatoire Linguistique Linguasphere Observatory page 8912-AAC-eb şa'idī "upper egyptian arabic", masri-SE. Nile upper Egyptian valley Egypt ("Upper Egypt"); Sudan(ash-Shamaliya)12-AAC-eba qinā Qina, Gina ("Upper Egypt")12-AAC-ebb al-ba'irāt al-Ba'irat+ al-Uqsur, Luxor… Aswan ("Upper Egypt")12-AAC-ebc wādī-alfā Wadi-Halfa (ash-Shamaliya)12-AAC-ebd al-fayyūm faiyuum Al-Fayyum (al-Fayyum)12-AAC-ec maşrī-SW. "egyptian oases arabic" Egypt ("Upper Egypt")12-AAC-eca baħriyya bahariyya, bahriyaal-Wahat-al-Bahriyah oasis… ("Upper Egypt")12-AAC-ecb farāfira Qasr-al-Farafirah oasis ("Upper Egypt")12-AAC-ecc dākhila dakhlaal-Wahat-ad-Dakhilah oasis & highlands ("Upper Egypt")12-AAC-ecd khārija khargaal-Kharijah oasis ("Upper Egypt")12-AAC-ed sūdānī sudani, "sudan nile arabic"; in [51=] Français: arabe du Nil soudanais Sudan; migration> Egypt; Ethiopia 712-AAC-eda shayqiyya shaygiyya #community-name west of Nile river-bend (ash-Shamaliya)12-AAC-edb rubātāb #community-name east of Nile river-bend (ash-Shamaliya)12-AAC-edc mirāfāb #community-name Atbara downstream (ash-Shamaliya)12-AAC-edd ja'alī ga'aliyyin #community-name Atbara upstream (ash-Shamaliya)12-AAC-ede umm-durmān part of kawahla Umm-Durmān, Omdurman (al-Khurtum)12-AAC-edf al-khurţūm part of kawahla al-Khurtūm, Khartoum (al-Khurtum)12-AAC-edg kurdufān-V. part of kawahla, "kordofanic settled arabic", in [51=] Français: arabesédentaire du Kordofan#geographical name(Kurdufan)12-AAC-edh rufa'a Blue Nile lower valley: Rufa'a… (an-Nil-al-Azraq)12-AAC-edi sūdānī-S. "sudan-S. vehicular arabic" (a'Ali-an-Nil…)12-AAC-ee badawī-maşrī egyptian-bedouin Egypt; also Sudan12-AAC-eea badawī-maşrī-W. "western desert bedouin" nomadic communities, including mareotitransition < [12=] 'Arabiyya (Mashriqi) ‣several varieties to beidentified (Egyptian) Western Desert12-AAC-eeb ma'aza part of "eastern desert bedouin" Jabal-Jalalah, Gebel-el-Galalahighlands>S.12-AAC-eec 'abābda part of "eastern desert bedouin" #community-name Jabal-as-Siba'i…Jabal-Is… Jabal-Abadab, Red Sea west coast & highlands… Nile rightbank12-AAC-ef badawī-sīnaī sinaï-bedouin, sinaitic arabic" #community-name Suez canal…Sinaï+ Negev deserts… Gaza coast(al-Fayyum; Marsa Matruh)(al-Bahr-al-Ahmar)12-AAC-efa sharqāwī-W. "western" sharqiyya nomadic community west of Suez canal (Sharqiyah)12-AAC-efb sharqāwī-E. "eastern" sharqiyya nomadic community east of Suez canal (Sina')12-AAC-efc axrasī axarsa nomadic community (Sina')Egypt ("Upper Egypt"); Sudan(Kassala-N.; ash-Shamaliyah-NE.)Egypt (Sina'; Sharqiyah); Palestine(Gaza); Israel (Hanegev)12-AAC-efd biyyāḍī biyyadiyya community Bir-al-Abd… Rāb'a… Naghila… Khirba… (Sina') 412-AAC-efe dwēgrī dawagra fishing community az-Zugba peninsula… Bardawil lagoon (Sina') 312-AAC-eff gaţāwiyya nomadic community-name (Sina')12-AAC-efg 'alawiyya #community-name Bir-al-Abd district: Gatya oasis (Sina')12-AAC-efh smē'nī sama'na community Bir-al-Abd district: Gatya oasis (Sina') 412-AAC-efi 'gēlī 'agayla community Mediterranean coast: al-Hmesa… Naqid… Bir-al-Kteb…(Sina')12-AAC-efj mas'ūdī masa'id nomadic community (Sina')12-AAC-efk 'ayyādī 'ayayda semi-nomadic community (Sina')12-AAC-efl turbānī tarabin nomadic community (Sina')12-AAC-efm swērkī sawarkah nomadic community (Sina')12-AAC-efn aaywī ahaywat nomadic community (Sina')12-AAC-efo balawī bili semi-nomadic community (Sina')12-AAC-efp malālħa #community-name Wadi-al-Arish water-course (Sina')12-AAC-efq dullām "negev bedouin" #community-name Negev, Néguev desert Israel (Hanegev)12-AAC-eg ħijāzī "arabian"-W., in [51=] Français: arabique occidentale Saudi Arabia; Jordan; Sudan;Eritrea12-AAC-ega riyāshāt #community-name nomadic community-name Egypt; Palestine; Jordan; SaudiArabia; Yemen12-AAC-egb hadarīb #community-name Red-Sea west coast Sudan; Eritrea12-AAC-egc tanūma "coastal" tihamah community #community-name Red-Sea east coast Saudi Arabia12-AAC-egd mţēr #community-name Hufuf>N. Saudi Arabia12-AAC-ege naghdī Naghran12-AAC-egf 'asīr "valley" tihamah community #community-name Asir mountains Saudi Arabia12-AAC-egg janādla Saudi Arabia12-AAC-egh al-madīna Madina, in [51=] Français: Médine Saudi Arabia12-AAC-egi makka Makkah, Meccala, in [51=] Français: la Mecque Saudi Arabia12-AAC-egj jedda Jidda, in [51=] Français: Djeddah Saudi Arabia12-AAC-egk juhaynā #community-name Saudi Arabia12-AAC-egl balī #community-name Saudi Arabia12-AAC-egm mawāhib #community-name Saudi Arabia66

page 90 The Linguasphere Register 1999 / 2000 edition12-AAC-egn banu-'aţiyya #community-name Saudi Arabia; also Jordan12-AAC-ego huwaytāt #community-name Jordan; Saudi Arabia12-AAC-eh 'syro-palestinian' "arabian-NW.", "levantine-arabic", in [51=] Français: arabe levantin Egypt (Sina'); Palestine (Gaza);Israel; Jordan; Lebanon; Syria;Cyprus12-AAC-eha 'arāyshī al-Arish (Sina')12-AAC-ehb gazzāwī Gaza, Gazzah (Gaza)12-AAC-ehc badawī 'jordan' "jordanian bedouin" ‣several idioms; transition < Badawi-Sinai Jordan12-AAC-ehd 'transjordanian' "settled transjordanian" Jordan; Palestine; Israel12-AAC-ehe 'ammanī Amman Jordan12-AAC-ehf al-khalīl al-Khalil, Hebron Palestine12-AAC-ehg jerusalem Jerusalem Israel; Palestine12-AAC-ehh nābulus Nabulus Palestine12-AAC-ehi jaffa Jaffa, Yafo Israel12-AAC-ehj haifa Haifa Israel12-AAC-ehk libnān-'maronite'-S. "christian lebanese"-S.; part of "maronite", "maronite christian"communityLebanon-S.12-AAC-ehl libnān-druze druze "lebanese", druze "muslim" community Lebanon-S.12-AAC-ehm ras-beirut part of beiruti #community-name Beirut Lebanon (Beirut)12-AAC-ehn musaytbeh mousaytbeh, part of beiruti #community-name Beirut Lebanon (Beirut)12-AAC-eho ashrafiyyeh part of beiruti #community-name Beirut Lebanon (Beirut)12-AAC-ehp libnān-'maronite'-N. "christian lebanese"-N.; part of maronite, maronite christian community Lebanon-N.12-AAC-ehq libnān-sunni-N. sunni "lebanese"; part of sunni, sunni muslim community Lebanon-N.12-AAC-ehr hawran #community-name Syria-SW.12-AAC-ehs dimishkī "damascene", in [51=] Français: damascène Damascus, Damas Syria12-AAC-eht suriyya-C. "syrian"-C. Syria-SC.12-AAC-ehu badawī-suriyya-NE. urfa, part of "syrian bedouin" Urfa Syria-NE.; Turkey12-AAC-ehv badawī-suriyya-NW. part of "syrian bedouin" Syria-NW.12-AAC-ehw anţākya Antakya, Antioch Turkey12-AAC-ehx kormakiti "cypriot arabic"; maronite cypriot community, part of maronite, maronitechristian community Kormakiti12-AAC-ei 'syro-mesopotamian' 'shammari', "arabian"-N., najdi-N., "najdi bedouin"-N., in [51=]Français: arabique du nord12-AAC-eia ħadīdīn part of pre-'anazi #community-name Syria-N.12-AAC-eib n'aym naim, part of pre-'anazi #community-name Syria-N.12-AAC-eic fadl fadhl, part of pre-'anazi #community-name Syria-S.12-AAC-eid mawālī part of pre-'anazi #community-name Syria-S.12-AAC-eie 'umūr part of 'shammari'-W. #community-name Syria12-AAC-eif slūţ part of 'shammari'-W. #community-name Syria; Jordan12-AAC-eig sirħān part of 'shammari'-W. #community-name Wadi-as-Sirhan Syria; JordanCyprus-N. 3Syria; Jordan-E.; Saudi Arabia-N.;Iraq-C.; Turkey (Siirt)12-AAC-eih bani-sakhr banu-sakhari, bani-sakhar, part of 'shammari'-W. #community-name Jordan; Saudi Arabia12-AAC-eii sardiyya part of 'shammari'-W. #community-name Jordan12-AAC-eij hā'il haayil Ha'il Saudi Arabia12-AAC-eik sīrt-S. 'shammari'-C.; part of 'shammar', 'sammar' community Iraq; Saudi Arabia; Syria12-AAC-eil 'abda part of 'shammari'-S., part of 'shammar', 'sammar' community Saudi Arabia; Iraq12-AAC-eim qaīm part of 'shammari'-S., al-qasim, al-qasiim #community-name transition< 'Anazi-N.Saudi Arabia12-AAC-ein dħafir part of 'shammari'-S., dafiir #community-name transition < 'Anazi-N. Saudi Arabia12-AAC-eio tayyī part of 'shammari'-N., diyarbekir #community-name Diyarbekir Syria; Turkey12-AAC-eip sīrt-N. part of 'shammari'-N. Sirt Syria; Turkey (Siirt)12-AAC-eiq mardin part of iraqi-qeltu Mardin Syria; Turkey12-AAC-eir basra-NW. part of iraqi-qeltu Syria12-AAC-eis tadmur palmyra, part of iraqi-qeltu Tadmur, Palmyra Syria12-AAC-eit tikrīt tikriit, part of iraqi-qeltu Tikriit Iraq12-AAC-eiu 'anah 'Anah Iraq12-AAC-eiv hīt hiit Hiit Iraq12-AAC-eiw mosul Tigris upper valley Iraq12-AAC-ej 'anazī-NE. "arabian"-NE., in [51=] Français: arabique du nord-est Iraq; Iran (Khuzestan) 612-AAC-eja khuzistanī Kaaruun middle & upper valley… Zagros western slopes (Khuzestan)12-AAC-ejb shaţţ -al-'arab Kaaruun lower valley… Shatt-al-Arab delta (Khuzestan)12-AAC-ejc bassora basra-SE. Basra Iraq (Basra)12-AAC-ejd dijlah Dijlah, Tigris lower valley Iraq (Maysaan)12-AAC-eje furāt al-Furat, Euphrates lower valley Iraq (Dhi-Qaar; al-Muthanna; al-Qaadisiyah; Baabil)12-AAC-ejf baghdādī including "muslim" baghdadi… "christian" baghdadi… "jewish"baghdadi BaghdadIraq (Baghdaad)12-AAC-ejg kawāwila kawaawila "gipsy", romani-arabic #community-name =«from Kabul» Iraq (Khuzistan)7

1= AFRO-ASIAN phylosector Observatoire Linguistique Linguasphere Observatory page 9112-AAC-ek kuwaytī+ qaarī "arabian"-E., in [51=] Français: arabique orientale Persian Gulf westcoast12-AAC-eka zubairi zubair+ fau Zubair… Fau Iraq12-AAC-ekb kuwaytī kuwaiti, including bani-khalid… sha'a Kuwait12-AAC-ekc hasāwi Saudi Arabia12-AAC-ekd baţrainī bahraini, 'arab-baharnah; bahrein sunni community Bahrein12-AAC-eke qaţari-N. Qatar12-AAC-ekf qaţari-S. QatarIraq; Kuwait; Saudi Arabia;Bahrain; Qatar; migration> Egypt12-AAC-ekg abu-dhabī "trucial-coast-arabic" Abu-Dhabi United Arab Emirates12-AAC-ekh buraimī Al-Buraymi United Arab Emirates-E.; Oman-N.12-AAC-el 'anazī-N. "arabian"-CN., najdi-C., "central najdi bedouin" Saudi Arabia; Jordan; Syria.; Iraq 612-AAC-ela sba'a #community-name Syria12-AAC-elb ħsana hasana #community-name Syria12-AAC-elc fid'ān #community-name Syria; Iraq12-AAC-eld wild-'alī #community-name Saudi Arabia; Syria; Iraq12-AAC-ele rwala #community-name Saudi Arabia; Iraq; Jordan12-AAC-elf 'amārāt #community-name Iraq12-AAC-elg sharārāt #community-name Saudi Arabia; Jordan12-AAC-elh bani-wahb #community-name Saudi Arabia12-AAC-eli wild-sulaymān #community-name Sulayman Saudi Arabia12-AAC-elj hutaym #community-name Saudi Arabia12-AAC-em 'anazī-C. arabian-C., najdi-S., najdi-S. bedouin, in [51=] Français: arabiquecentral12-AAC-ema arb #community-name Saudi Arabia12-AAC-emb muţayr mutair #community-name Saudi Arabia12-AAC-emc 'awāzim #community-name Saudi Arabia12-AAC-emd bani-khālid #community-name Saudi Arabia12-AAC-eme bani-hājir #community-name Hajar Saudi Arabia12-AAC-emf baarnah shi'I-bahraini #community-name BahreinSaudi Arabia; Bahrein; United ArabEmirates12-AAC-emg 'ijmān 'ajman #community-name 'Ajman United Arab Emirates12-AAC-emh sbay' #community-name Saudi Arabia12-AAC-emi hufūf hofuf al-Hufuf Saudi Arabia12-AAC-emj riyādh riyadh Riyadh Saudi Arabia12-AAC-emk 'utayba 'utaiba #community-name Saudi Arabia12-AAC-eml dawāsir #community-name Wadi-al-Dawasir valley Saudi Arabia12-AAC-emm gāhtān qahtan #community-name Saudi Arabia12-AAC-emn banu-yāim yaim, yam #community-name Saudi Arabia12-AAC-emo āl-murra #community-name Saudi Arabia12-AAC-emp manāsīr #community-name Saudi Arabia; United Arab Emirates12-AAC-emq shiu al-shihuh #community-name United Arab Emirates12-AAC-emr sudair #community-name Sudair Saudi Arabia12-AAC-ems bīshah #community-name Saudi Arabia12-AAC-emt najrān #community-name Najran… Najran desert Saudi Arabia12-AAC-emu rashāyda #community-name Saudi Arabia12-AAC-en omanī "settled-arabian"-SE., hadar, hadari, hadari omani, "settled" omani, in[51=] Français: arabique sédentaire du sud-est12-AAC-ena sharqiyya #community-name Oman12-AAC-enb masqaţī Masqat, Muscat port Oman12-AAC-enc batina #community-name Oman12-AAC-end hajar-W. #community-name Oman12-AAC-ene jabal-akhar banu-kharus Jabal-al-Akhadar mountains Oman12-AAC-eo omanī-badawī "bedouin-arabian"-SE., omani bedouin, in [51=] Français: arabiquebédouin du sud-est12-AAC-eoa janabah #community-name Oman-C.12-AAC-eob dufār dhofar, zufar Dhufar massif Oman-W12-AAC-ep yemenī "arabian"-SW., "yemenite arabic", in [51=] Français: arabique du sudouestOman 6Oman12-AAC-epa mahra-bedawī Yemen12-AAC-epb hadramī "settled" hadramawti Hadramawt region Yemen12-AAC-epc hadramī-bedawī hadramawti 2, hadramawti bedouin Hadramawt region Yemen12-AAC-epd dathīna Dathina massif Yemen12-AAC-epe musaymir Misaymir massif Yemen12-AAC-epf mukalla+ shuqra' #geographical names Mukalla… Shuqra' Yemen12-AAC-epg 'adanī adeni Aden YemenYemen 66

page 92 The Linguasphere Register 1999 / 2000 edition12-AAC-eph tihāmī-S. hujariyah, hojeria Tihaama coastal plain, Mukha Yemen12-AAC-epi tihāmī-SC. Tihaama coastal plain, Zabid Yemen12-AAC-epj tihāmī-NC. Tihaama coastal plain, Hudaydah Yemen12-AAC-epk tihāmī-N. Tihaama coastal plain, Luhayyah Yemen12-AAC-epl hujariyya-S. hojeria-S., ta'iz #community-name Ta'izz mountains Yemen12-AAC-epm hujariyya-C. hojeria-C. #community-name Tariifah massif Yemen12-AAC-epn hujariyya-N. hojeria-N. #community-name Manaakhah mountain Yemen12-AAC-epo awd #community-name Ibb-Qa'tabah… Yemen plateaux-SW. Yemen12-AAC-epp 'ammar #community-name Yemen plateaux-SE. Yemen12-AAC-epq dhamaar-yariim #community-name Yemen plateaux-CS. Yemen12-AAC-epr san'ānī san'a'i, "yemeni-N. vehicular" San'aa Yemen12-AAC-eps wadi-al-jawf Yemen-NE. plateaux Yemen12-AAC-ept arhab #community-name Yemen-NE. plateaux Yemen12-AAC-epu husayn #community-name Yemen-NE. plains Yemen12-AAC-epv dahm #community-name Yemen-NE. plains Yemen12-AAC-epw sa'da #community-name Yemen plateaux Yemen12-AAC-epx jibla #community-name Yemen12-AAC-epy el-odein #community-name Yemen12-AAC-eq 'perso-arabic' fars, 'anazi-E., "persianised arabic", in [51=] Français: arabe persiséinfluence < [58=] Farsi Persian Gulf east coastIran 512-AAC-er zanjī "african coastal arabic", in [51=] Français: arabe maritime africain Djibouti; Somalia; Ethiopia(Ogaden); Kenya (Coast);Tanzania (Zanzibar); Comores12-AAC-era jibutī djibouti Jibuti, Djibouti Djibouti12-AAC-erb somalia-N. "somalian-N. maritime arabic" #geographical name Somalia12-AAC-erc somalia-C. "somalian-C. inland arabic" #geographical name Somalia; (Ogaden)12-AAC-erd somalia-S. "somalian-S. maritime arabic" #geographical name Somalia12-AAC-ere kenyanī "kenyan maritime arabic" (Coast)12-AAC-erf zanzibarī zanzibari, "zanzibar arabic" Zanzibar island (Zanzibar)12-AAC-erg komorī "comorian arabic"; in [51=] Français: arabe comorien Comores Comoresislands12-AAC-f 'Arabo-Creole' "african arabic creoles" Chad; Sudan; Uganda; Kenya 612-AAC-fa babaliya babalia, bubalia, "chadian arabic creole" Chad-S. 512-AAC-fb juba juba "arabic", "sudanese arabic creole" Juba environs, White-Nileupper valleySudan (Bahr-el-Ghazal;(Equatoria)12-AAC-fc ki-nubi nubi, noubi, "east-african arabic creole" Uganda (Kampala); Kenya(Nairobi)12-AAC-fca nubi-kampala Kampala (Kampala)12-AAC-fcb nubi-kibera Nairobi-Kibera (Nairobi)12-AAC-g 'Judeo-Arabic' "hebraicised arabic", in [51=] Français: arabe hébraïcisé influence Israel; France; Italy12-AAC-ga 'judeo-moroccan' in [51=] Français: judéo-marocain Morocco; migration> Israel 512-AAC-gaa fès Fès, Fez Morocco12-AAC-gab dar-el-beida Casablanca, Dar-el-Beida Morocco12-AAC-gac 'judeo-moroccan'-E. Tel-Aviv migration> Israel12-AAC-gb 'judeo-tunisian' in [51=] Français: judéo-tunisien Tunis Tunisia; migration> France;Israel…12-AAC-gc yudī "judeo-libyan" Libya; migration> Italy12-AAC-gd yahudī yahudic, "judeo-iraqi" Iraq; migration> Israel 512-AAC-h Jugarī "central-asian arabic", "turko-persianised arabic", in [51=] Français: Afghanistan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan 4arabe turco-persisé #use of name jugari to be confirmed12-AAC-ha jugarī influence < [58=] Farsi (Persian) and [44=]Türkçe Afghanistan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan 412-AAC-haa balkh balkh "arabic" Balkh region Afghanistan-N. 312-AAC-hab bukhara bukhara "arabic" Bukhara… Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; alsoAfghanistan12-AAC-hac kaska-darya uzbek "arabic", kashka-darya "arabic" Kashka-Darya ; influencedalso by [42=] Oghuz spoken by elderly villagers in 1940's; perhapsextinct12-AAC-i Jakatī* jat; jati; jatu, kayani, musali; jakati semi-nomadic communityapparently originating in Afghanistan, Pakistan or India, but allinformation on this community and their language remains to beconfirmed #name perhaps related to that of [59=] Jad-gali (Jat) inPakistanUzbekistan 2*Moldova; Ukraine; Russia;Afghanistan; Uzbekistan;Tadjikistan12-AAC-ia jakatī-W. "european jakati" Moldova; Ukraine; Russia (Europe)12-AAC-ib jakatī-E. "asian jakati" Russia (Asia); Afghanistan;Uzbekistan; Tadjikistan654535

1= AFRO-ASIAN phylosector Observatoire Linguistique Linguasphere Observatory page 9312-ABMAHRI+ SQATRIchainSOUTH-ARABIAN, "meso-semitic", in [51=] Français: sudarabiquefrom c.–750: epigraphic South Arabian scripts (Minean; Sabaean;Qatabanian; Awsanite; Harani)12-ABA MAHRI+ JIBBALI net12-ABA-a Mahri+ Jibbali mahri+ shahari, mahri+ shehri Oman; Yemen; migration> Kuwait 412-ABA-aa mahri mehri Oman; Yemen; migration> Kuwait 412-ABA-aaa mahra mahra community Mahra Oman; Yemen12-ABA-aab biljaf biljaf, bil-haf community Oman12-ABA-aac nagdi Oman12-ABA-aad bait-kathir #community-name submerged < [12=] 'Arabiyya Oman 012-ABA-ab arsusi harsuusi Oman-C. 212-ABA-aba harsusi harsuusi, harusi, harasis, harsusi community Oman-C.12-ABA-abb aforit afar community Oman-C.12-ABA-ac bautahari botahari, bathari, bathara Batahirah region Oman; Yemen12-ABA-ad jibbali jibbaali, gablet Oman12-ABA-ada shehri shahari, shauri, sahri, shawri, shero, shahara, shehri community,jibbali-E.Oman12-ABA-adb qarawi kharawi, grawi, qara, qarawi community Oman12-ABA-adc ahkali ahklo, ehkili, ehkali, hakili, ahkali, ash community Oman12-ABA-add bajahama bajahama, barahama community Oman12-ABA-ade shaikin shaikin community Oman12-ABA-adf hallaniyi hallanyi, kuria-muria, khuryan-muryan Khuryan-Muryan islands:Hallanyi island12-ABA-ae habyot hobyot, jibbali-W. Oman; Yemen12-ABB SQATRI net SOCOTRAN, "insular south-arabian", in [51=] Français: sudarabiqueinsulaire12-ABB-a Sqatri Latin script Yemen (Socotra) 412-ABB-aa sqatri skatri, soqotri, sokotri, socotri Yemen (Socotra) 412-ABB-aaa socotra Suqutra, Socotra, Socotora island (Socotra)12-ABB-aab abd-el-kuri Abd-el-kuri, Abd-el-kouri island (Socotra)12-AC12-ACAAMARINYA+ GE'EZchainGE'EZ+ TIGRE netETHIO-SEMITIC, "ethiopian semitic", "ethiopian", in [51=] Français:sémitique éthiopien12-ACA-a Ge'ez Ethiopic from c.250: South Arabian script pre-Ethiopic scriptEthiopic scriptOmanEthiopia 3*12-ACA-aa ge'ez giiz, lisane-ge'ez, lisane-sehuf, "ethiopic", "classical ethiopian", in [51=] Ethiopia (Tigre…)Français: guèze, ghèze, ghez, éthiopique; including "liturgical" ge'ez…"archival" ge'ez… qine, "modern poetic" ge'ez # ge'ez =«free»; lisanege'ez=«language of the free»; lisane-sehuf =«literary language»Aksum empire… flourished from c.350; translation of Bible andliturgy of Ethiopian church from c.450; still in liturgical and poetic use(Qine poetry)12-ACA-b Tigre Ethiopic script Ethiopia; Eritrea; Sudan 512-ACA-ba tigre tigré, khasa Ethiopia (Tigre); Eritrea-N.; Sudan(Kassala)12-ACA-baa khasa khasa "proper", xasa, khasy, el hasa (Tigre); Eritrea-N.; (Kasssala)12-ACA-bab habaab (Tigre)12-ACA-bac mensa mansa (Tigre)12-ACA-bad mesewa masawa, massawa; massaoua, massaua, messawa Mesewa Eritrea12-ACA-bae lobot lobot community, part of beni-'aamir, beni-amir, beni-amer community Eritrea12-ACA-baf dahlak Dahlak archipelago Eritrea12-ACA-c Tigray Tigrinya Ethiopic script Eritrea; Ethiopia; migration> Israel 612-ACA-ca tigray habesha, in [12=] Amarinya: tigrinya, tigrinja, tigrinia A Eritrea; Ethiopia (Tigre; Gonder). 612-ACA-caa khamasen tigray-N., hamasen Eritrea-C.12-ACA-cab tigray-S. (Tigre; also Gonder)12-ACBAMARINYA+ARGOBBINYA net"WIDER"-AMHARIC12-ACB-a Amarinya amaharinya, amharic, abyssinian, "modern ethiopian", lisane-nigusfrom c.1400: Ethiopic script #lisane-nigus (=«language of the king»)Ethiopia; migration> Israel 712-ACB-aa amarinya-F. "formal standard amharic" A Ethiopia 712-ACB-ab amarinya-G. "general spoken amharic" Ethiopia (Shewa, Gonder, Gojam,Welega, Wello, Harerge, Arusi,Gemu Gofa); also Sudan12-ACB-aba addis-ababa Addis-Ababa, Addis-Abéba (Shewa)12-ACB-abb gonder Gonder (Gonder)12-ACB-abc gojjam Derbre-Marqos (Gojam)12-ACB-abd welega-W. wellegga-W. (Welega); Sudan adjacent12-ACB-abe welega-N. wellegga-N. (Welega)5

page 94 The Linguasphere Register 1999 / 2000 edition12-ACB-abf wello (Wello)12-ACB-abg shewa-NE. Menz (Shewa)12-ACB-abh shewa-E. (Shewa)12-ACB-abi ahmar Ahmar-C. mountains (Harerge)12-ACB-abj arusi Arusi mountains (Arusi)12-ACB-abk boneya Shamo-S. lake: Boneya (Gemu Gofa)12-ACB-b Argobbinya argobba Ethiopia (Shewa, Harerge) 312-ACB-ba ankober argobbinya-N. Ankober-N. massif (Shewa) 312-ACB-bb argobbinya-S. argobbinya-harar Harar, Harer massif-SW. (Harerge) 012-ACC GESINAN+ SILTI net HARARI12-ACC-a GESINAN Arabic script Ethiopia (Harerge) 412-ACC-aa ge-sinan harari, harer, adare, adari, in [12=] Amarinya: aderinya Harar ville Ethiopia (Harerge) 412-ACC-b Silti+ Zway gurage-E. Gurage mountains Ethiopia (Shewa) 512-ACC-ba zway ziway, gelilla, laqi community Ziway lake: Gelilla island Ethiopia (Shewa)12-ACC-bb walane wolane, weleni Ethiopia (Shewa)12-ACC-bc silti selti, gurage-E. "standard" Silti #gurage is otherwise a cover-term forlanguages of the [12=] Gura+ Gogot net Ethiopic script12-ACC-bca silti-A. silti "proper", (Shewa)12-ACC-bcb inneqor enneqor (Shewa)12-ACC-bcc urbareg (Shewa)Ethiopia (Shewa) 512-ACC-bd mesmes Ethiopia (Shewa)12-ACD GAFAT net X12-ACD-a Gafat formerly Ethiopia (Gojam) 012-ACD-aa gafat in [12=] Amarinya: gafatinya Blue Nile upper right-bank extinct Ethiopia (Gojam) 012-ACE GURA+ GOGOT net "WIDER"-GURAGE #the term gurage is also applied to Silti (Gurage-E.) in the adjacent [12=] Gesinan+Silti net12-ACE-a Gogot+ Soddo gurage-N. Gurage mountains Ethiopia (Shewa) 512-ACE-aa soddo Ethiopia (Shewa)12-ACE-aaa soddo-A. Sodo (Shewa)12-ACE-aab aymallel aymellel, gelilla 2 #distinct from [12=] Zway /Gelilla (Shewa)12-ACE-ab gogot Ethiopia (Shewa)12-ACE-aba gogot-A. goggot (Shewa)12-ACE-abb dobi Dobi (Shewa)12-ACE-ac kistane kestane Kistana Ethiopia (Shewa)12-ACE-ad muxir muher, muxer transition < [12=] Gurage-C. Ethiopia (Shewa)12-ACE-b Gura+ Innamor gurage-C. Gurage mountains Ethiopic script Ethiopia (Shewa) 512-ACE-ba misqan mesqan, masqan, maskan Ethiopia (Shewa)12-ACE-bb gura guragie, gouraghie, gurague, gurage "proper", guraage-C. "standard" Ethiopia (Shewa) 512-ACE-bba gura-A. Welqite (Shewa)12-ACE-bbb izha ezha, eza (Shewa)12-ACE-bbc gumer gwemara Gumer (Shewa)12-ACE-bbd chaha caha, cheha (Shewa)12-ACE-bbe muher muxer (Shewa)12-ACE-bc innamor ennemor, ennamor Innamora Ethiopia (Shewa)12-ACE-bca innamor-A. innamor "proper" (Shewa)12-ACE-bcb ener enor, inor (Shewa)12-ACE-bcc meger (Shewa)12-ACE-bd geto gieta, gyeto, gyeta Geto Ethiopia (Shewa)12-ACE-c Indiagegn gurage-SW. Gurage mountains Ethiopia (Shewa) 512-ACE-ca indiagegn indageny, indiagegne, endegen, indagen, endagany, enedegeny Ethiopia (Shewa) 5

1= AFRO-ASIAN phylosector Observatoire Linguistique Linguasphere Observatory page 9513= BEJICphylozonecovers the Beja, Bedauye or "North Cushitic" set within the"Afro-Asiatic" or "Hamito-Semitic" intercontinental affinity (andpart of the former "wider Cushitic" hypothesis within thatintercontinental affinity); comprising 1 set (= 1 outer-language)spoken by nomadic communities in Northeast Africa, inlandfrom the Red Sea coast:13-A BEDAUYEEgypt; Eritrea; Sudan 613-A BEDAUYE set BEJA, "cushitic"-N.13-AA BEDAUYE chain13-AAA BEDAUYE net13-AAA-a Bedauye Sudan (Kassala); Eritrea.; alsoEgypt13-AAA-aa ti-bedauye ti-bedaauye, ti-bedawye, tu-bedawie, to-bedawye, bedja, bedawiye,bedawi, bedwi, bedya, beja, "wider" hadareb bilingual < [12=]'Arabiyya and/or [12=] Tigre13-AAA-aaa 'ababde bedauye-N. Bedauye-speaking in early 19 th cent ; now submerged

page 96 The Linguasphere Register 1999 / 2000 edition14= CUSHITICphylozonecovers the "Central & East Cushitic" grouping, within the"Afro-Asiatic" or "Hamito-Semitic" intercontinental affinity (andpart of the former "wider Cushitic" hypothesis within that intercontinentalaffinity); comprising 7 sets of languages (= 25outer languages) spoken by communities in Northeast andEast Africa, from the southeastern Sahara through the Horn ofAfrica to the East African coast:14-A BILIN+ AWNGI 14-B SAHO+ 'AFAR14-C SIDAAMO+ BURJI 14-D WAZE+ TSAMAKULA14-E YAAKU 14-F BORENA+ DIRASHAT14-G SOOMAALI+ DASENACHDjibouti; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Kenya;Somalia714-A BILIN+ AWNGI set AGAW, "highland cushitic"-N., "cushitic"-C.14-AA BILIN+KEMANTENAY chain14-AAA BILIN net agaw-N.14-AAA-a Bilin Keren environs Eritrea (Keren); also Ethiopia(Tigre)14-AAA-aa bilin bileyn, bilayn, bilein, bilen, belen, balen, beleni, bileno, bogo, bogos,agaw-N., in [12=] Amarinya: bileninya14-AAA-aaa senhit tarqe, tarqeqwer, bet-tarqe (Keren)14-AAA-aab halhal taqwer; bet-taqwe community Halhal (Keren)Eritrea (Keren); also Ethiopia(Tigre)14-AAB KEMANTENAY+ agaw-W.KWARA net14-AAB-a Kemantenay+ Kwara Tana lake… Aykel>N. Ethiopia 414-AAB-aa kemantenay+ Kwara qimanteney, qimant, kimant, kimanta, kemant, kamant, kemanat,kimanteney, qemant, chemant, 'agaw'-W., in [12=] Amarinya:kimantinyaEthiopia (Gonder) 414-AAB-aaa ci'elga (Gonder)14-AAB-aab karkar (Gonder)14-AAB-ab dembiya dämbiya, dembya Dembiya extinct language Ethiopia (Gonder) 014-AAB-ac kwara quara, qwera, quarasa, quarina, koura, kara, falashi, falasha, felasha,yihudi, 'kayla'; black jewish, jews of falasha community perhapsextinct14-AAB-aca tana Tana lake>N. (Gonder)14-AAB-acb kwara-addis Addis Ababa émigré community (Shewa)Ethiopia (Gonder); migration>Israel14-AAC XAMTANGA+ XAMIR agaw-E.net14-AAC-a Xamtanga+ Xamir Ethiopia 314-AAC-aa xamtanga xamtinga, hamtonga, khamtanga Wello-NW. mountains Ethiopia (Wello; Tigre) 314-AAC-ab xamta hamta, khamta extinct formerly Ethiopia (Tigre) 014-AAC-ac xamir khamir, khamit, kamir, chamir, xamin, chamin, khamara, hamara,hamra extinct14-AAC-aca waag xamir-N. Ethiopia14-AAC-acb soqota xamir-S. Ethiopia14-AAC-ad abergelle-agaw chiracha-agaw, tcheratz-agaw, lasta-agaw Abergelle, Avergelleextinctformerly Ethiopia 0formerly Ethiopia (Tigre) 014-AB AWNGI+ KUNFEL agaw-S.chain14-ABA AWNGI+ KUNFEL net14-ABA-a Awngi+ Kunfel Ethiopia (Gojam; Gonder); Eritrea 414-ABA-aa awngi awawar, agau, agaw, awi, awiya, agew, agow, agaw-S. spoken byscattered agricultural communities bilingual < [12=] Amarinya and/or[12=] Tigray14-ABA-aaa dangla Dangla, Dangila (Gojam)14-ABA-aab damot (Gojam)Ethiopia (Gojam; Gonder); Eritrea 414-ABA-aac metekkel Ethiopia and/or Eritrea14-ABA-aad agew-midir #agew-midir=«Agaw country» (Gojam)14-ABA-ab kunfel kunfäl, kunfal, kumfel, kwallanyoc, kwollanyoch Tana lake>W. (Gonder)14-B SAHO+ 'AFAR set "lowland cushitic"-N.; part of "cushitic"-E.14-BA SAHO+ 'AFAR chain14-BAA SAHO+ 'AFAR net14-BAA-a Saho Eritrea; Ethiopia (Tigre) 514-BAA-aa saho sao, shaho, shoho, shiho Eritrea; (Tigre) 514-BAA-aaa assaorta 'assaorta Eritrea14-BAA-aab miniferi Eritrea; (Tigre)14-BAA-aac irob agame (Tigre)14-BAA-aad hazu hadu ; transitional dialect to [14=] 'Afar (Tigre)550*

1= AFRO-ASIAN phylosector Observatoire Linguistique Linguasphere Observatory page 9714-BAA-b 'Afar Danakil plain… Red Sea coast Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti 514-BAA-ba 'afar-af 'afar, qafar, adal, in [12=] 'Arabiyya: danakil, denkel #'afar-af =«mouthof afar»14-BAA-baa afar-NW. Danakil plain (Tigre, Wello)14-BAA-bab afar-NE. Red Sea coast: Djibouti… Amarti Eritrea; Djibouti14-BAA-bac ba'adu baadu, afar-SW. (Wello, Shewa)Ethiopia (Tigre; Wello; Harerge;Shewa); Eritrea; Djibouti14-BAA-bad aussa afar-S. Aussa (Wello. Harerge)14-C SIDAAMO+ BURJI "highland cushitic"-C.; part of "cushitic"-E.set14-CA SIDAAMO+HADIYYA chain14-CAA HADIYYA+ LIBIDOnet14-CAA-a Hadiyya+ Libido Ethiopia 614-CAA-aa hadiyya hadiya, hadia, hadya, adiye, adea, 'gudeilla', 'gudella' Ethiopia (Shewa) 614-CAA-aaa leemo Omo valley (Shewa)14-CAA-aab shashago (Shewa)14-CAA-aac soro (Shewa)14-CAA-ab libido Ziway lake>W. Ethiopia (Shewa) 514-CAA-aba libido-A. (Shewa)14-CAA-abb maroqo maroko (Shewa)14-CAB KEMBAATA+ALABA net14-CAB-a Kembaata+ Alaba Omo valley… Zway lake Ethiopia 614-CAB-aa timbara+ qebena Omo left-bank Ethiopia (Shewa)14-CAB-aaa timbara timbaro, timbaaro, tambaro (Shewa)14-CAB-aab qebena qabena, kebena, k'abena (Shewa)14-CAB-ab kembaata kambatta, kabata, kembatta, kembata, kemata, kambara, donga, in[12=] Amarinya: kembatinyaEthiopia (Shewa) 614-CAB-ac alaba halaba, allaaba west of Shala lake Ethiopia (Shewa) 414-CACSIDAAMO net14-CAC-a Sidaamo Abaya lake>NE. Ethiopia 614-CAC-aa sidaamo-'afo sidaamo, sidamo, sidama, sidamo-k'ale, in [12=] Amarinya: sidaminya#sidaamo-'afo =«mouth of sidamo»14-CAC-aaa sidaamo-N. (Sidamo)14-CAC-aab sidaamo-SW. (Sidamo)14-CAC-aac sidaamo-E. (Sidamo)Ethiopia (Sidamo) 614-CAD GEDE-INKE net deresa14-CAD-a GEDE-INKE Abaya lake Ethiopia 514-CAD-aa gede-inke-afa'o gede, gede-inke, gede'o, geddeo, deresa, derasa, darasa, darassa,derasanya #gede-inke-afa'o =«mouth of gede-inke»14-CAD-aaa gede'o-N. (Sidamo)14-CAD-aab gede'o-S. (Sidamo)Ethiopia (Sidamo) 5514-CB BURJI chain DAASHE14-CBABURJI net14-CBA-a Burji Ethiopia; migration> Kenya 414-CBA-aa burji daashe, daash, dashe, bambala, bambara, bembala Ethiopia (Sidamo); also Kenya 414-CBA-aaa burji-A. in [12=] Amarinya: burjinya Burji (Sidamo)14-CBA-aab hagere-maryam Hagere-Maryam escarpment (Sidamo)14-CBA-aac burji-marsabit Turkana, Rudolf lake>E. migration> Kenya14-D WAZE+TSAMAKULA setwerize+ tsamai, dullay, "highland cushitic"-CS., 'werizoid'; part of"cushitic"-E.14-DA WAZE+TSAMAKULA chain14-DAA WAZE+TSAMAKULA net14-DAA-a Waze+ Beze werize, ala Shamo+ Stefanie lakes… Dullay valley Ethiopia 514-DAA-aa go-waze waze, go-wase, goraze, orase, werize "proper", warase, warazi,werize"proper"Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 514-DAA-ab go-beze beze, do-base, ko-pase, d'oopace, d'opaasunte Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 414-DAA-aba mashili "upper" mashile, michile, mashelle, masholle, mosiye, musiye‣distinct from neighbouring [14=] Mashile ("lower" Mashile)(Gemu Gofa)14-DAA-abb bussa-E. Bussa (Gemu Gofa)14-DAA-abc lohu (Gemu Gofa)14-DAA-ac harso innxarsi Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 3

page 98 The Linguasphere Register 1999 / 2000 edition14-DAA-ad go-lango lango, we-lango, gollango, kollanko Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 314-DAA-ae go-rose rose, o-rase, gorrose, korrose Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 314-DAA-af dihina tihina, tihinte Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 314-DAA-ag gaba kaapo, kaapa Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 314-DAA-ah gergere k'ark'arte Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 314-DAA-ai ko-kawwate kawwate, pa-ko-kawwa-diko, pa-ko-gawwada, gawata, gauwada,kawwada, kawwad'a14-DAA-aia dalpena dalpeene (Gemu Gofa)Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 414-DAA-aib isharkuta (Gemu Gofa)14-DAA-b Tsamakula tsamai Stefanie-N. lake Ethiopia 314-DAA-ba go-tsamakula tsamakula, ba-go-tsamakula, ba-go-s'aamakkulo, tsamakko, tsamay,tsamako, ts'amay, s'amai, tamaha, tamaka14-DAA-baa dume (Gemu Gofa)14-DAA-bab kuwile kuile, kule, cule (Gemu Gofa)Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 314-E YAAKU set MUKOGODO, "highland cushitic"-S.; part of "cushitic"-E.14-EA YAAKU chain14-EAA YAAKU net14-EAA-a Yaaku Balingo+ Hannington-E. lakes Kenya (Rift) 114-EAA-aa yaaku yaakua, siegu, sieku, mukogodo, mokogodo, mogogodo, mukoquodo,part of 'dorobo', 'n-dorobo'Kenya (Rift) 114-F BORENA+"lowland cushitic"-S.; part of "cushitic"-E.DIRASHAT set14-FA DIRASHAT+KARATTI chain14-FAA DIRASHAT+konsoid, shamo; part of 'oromoid'KARATTI net14-FAA-a Shamo konso+ gidole Shamo-S. lake Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 414-FAA-aa mosiya musiya, bussa-W. Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 314-FAA-ab kap-dirashat dirashat, dirashta, dirasha, diraasha, diraytat, dirayta, jirati, gardula,gardulla, ghidole, gidole, in [12=] Amarinya: gidolinya Gidole environs14-FAA-ac mashile "lower" mashile, musile ‣distinct from neighbouring [14=] Go-beze(dialect: Mashili or "upper" Mashile)Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 3Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa)14-FAA-ad gato Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa)14-FAA-ae turo duro Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa)14-FAA-af afa-karatti karatti, af-kareti, karate, kareti, konso, conso, gato, in [12=] Amarinya:komso Kareti country: Ciamo lake>S., Sagan valley14-FB14-FBABORENA+ TULEMAchainBORENA+ TULEMAnetOROMO, 'galla' #the indigenous cover-name oromoo, oromo(=«people») is accepted by most but not all constituent communities;the (Amharic) exonym 'galla' is considered derogatorypart of 'oromoid'14-FBA-a Borena+ Tulema afan-oromoo, oromo, 'galla', in [12=] Amarinya: 'gallinya' Ethiopicscript #afan-oromoo =«mouth of Oromo»Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 4Ethiopia; Kenya 714-FBA-aa tulema oromo-C. Ethiopia (Shewa; Welega) 614-FBA-aaa tulema-A. tulama, shoa, shewa (Shewa; Welega)14-FBA-aab kereyu Kereyu (Shewa)14-FBA-aac selale salale Selale (Shewa; Welega)14-FBA-ab mecha oromo-W. Ethiopia (Ilubabor; Kefa; Welega) 614-FBA-aba mecha-A. maca, macc'a, maccha (Ilubabor; Kefa)14-FBA-abb wellegga wallaga, wollega (Welega)14-FBA-ac raya part of oromo-N. Ethiopia (Tigre; Wello)14-FBA-ad wello wallo, wollo, part of oromo-N. Ethiopia (Wello)14-FBA-ae qottu harar, harer, argetta-sinan, oromo-E. Ethiopia (Harer) 614-FBA-aea qottu-A. quottu, qwottu, kwottu, ittu (Harer)14-FBA-aeb nole (Harer)14-FBA-aec jarso Jarso (Harer)14-FBA-aed ala Ala (Harer)14-FBA-aee babile Babile (Harer)14-FBA-aef ania (Harer)14-FBA-af arusi afan-arsi, arussi, arsi, part of oromo-CS. Ethiopia (Arusi)14-FBA-ag guji part of oromo-CS. Ethiopia (Sidamo)14-FBA-aga guji-A. gujji (Sidamo)14-FBA-agb jemjem Jemjem (Sidamo)

1= AFRO-ASIAN phylosector Observatoire Linguistique Linguasphere Observatory page 9914-FBA-ah borena afan-borena, part of oromo-S. Chew Bahir, Stefanie lake… Djilbaboplain… Highlands of Kenya foothills ‣the linguistic status of thefollowing communities needs to be confirmedEthiopia (Sidamo); Kenya (Eastern;North Eastern); also Somalia(Upper Juba)14-FBA-aha borena-A. boran, borana, boraan, booran (Sidamo); (Eastern) 514-FBA-ahb garre garreh, gurreh, gari Dawa valley: Mandera district… (North Eastern); (Sidamo); (UpperJuba)14-FBA-ahc gabra gebra, gabbra Marsabit district (Eastern) 414-FBA-ahd sakuye saguye Moyale district (Eastern) 314-FBA-ahe ajuran ajuuraan-NW., ujuuraan-NW., ajuran-NW. Moyale… Wajir districts (Eastern) 414-FBA-ai orma part of oromo-S. Kenya (Eastern; North Eastern;Coast); Ethiopia (Sidamo)14-FBA-aia orma-A. wardey, wardai, uardai, warday, wardei, including barareta, bararettaTana River… Garissa districts(Eastern; North Eastern; Coast);also (Sidamo)14-FBA-aib munyo korokoro Tana mid-valley (North Eastern; Coast)14-FBA-aic waata waat, wata, wata-bala, 'boni', 'wa-boni', 'bon', langulo, 'ariangulao','ariangulu', ogoda, part of 'sanye', 'wa-sanya'14-G SOMALI+omo-tana, "lowland cushitic"-E.; part of "cushitic"-E.DASENACH set14-GA SOMALI+DASENACH chain14-GAA BAYSO net14-GAA-a Bayso Abaya lacustrine island Ethiopia (Sidamo) 214-GAA-aa bayso baiso Ethiopia (Sidamo) 214-GABARBORE net14-GAB-a Arbore Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 414-GAB-aa oho-arbore irbore, harpore, erbore, arbora, marile Stefanie-N. lake Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa) 414-GACDASENACH net14-GAC-a Dasenach Omo lower valley… Turkana-N., Rudolf-N. lake Ethiopia; Kenya; Sudan 414-GAC-aa af-dasenach dathanik, dathanaik, dathanaic, daasenach, daasenech, geleb, geleba,galab, gelab, gheleba, gallab, galuba, gelubba, dama, marille, merile,merille, morille, reshiat, rusia, russia, 'shangilla', in [12=] Amarinya:gelebinya #af-dasenach =«mouth of dasenach» ‣the linguistic statusand location of the following communities need to be confirmed(Coast)14-GAC-aaa inkabelo inkabelo community Ethiopia…14-GAC-aab inkoria inkoria community Ethiopia…14-GAC-aac naritch naarich, naritch community Ethiopia…14-GAC-aad elele elele community Ethiopia…14-GAC-aae randal randal community Ethiopia…14-GAC-aaf oro oro community Ethiopia…14-GAC-aag koro koro community Ethiopia…14-GAC-aah rele rele community Ethiopia…Ethiopia (Gemu Gofa); Kenya(Rift); Sudan14-GAD GURU-PAWA net EL-MOLO14-GAD-a Guru-Pawa Turkana, Rudolf lake: El Molo bay: lacustrine islands Kenya (Eastern) 114-GAD-aa guru-pawa el-molo, guru-paua, fura-pawa, dehes, hereng, part of 'dorobo', 'ndorobo'#guru-pawa =«lake-community»14-GAERENDILLE netKenya (Eastern) 114-GAE-a Rendille Turkana, Rudolf lake… Marsabit Kenya (Eastern) 414-GAE-aa afi-rendille rendille, rendile, randile Kenya (Eastern) 414-GAE-aaa rudolf Turkana, Rudolf lake>SE. (Eastern)14-GAE-aab marsabit Marsabit (Eastern)14-GAE-aac arial ariaal, rendille-S. (Eastern)14-GAFAWEERA net14-GAF-a Aweera Lamu… Juba, Jubba lower valley Kenya (Coast; North Eastern);Somalia (Lower Jubba)14-GAF-aa aweera aweer, 'boni' 2, waata 2, wata 2, wata-bala 2, ogoda 2, part of 'sanye','wa-sanya'Kenya (Coast; North Eastern);Somalia (Lower Jubba)14-GAF-aaa lamu Lamu hinterland Kenya (Coast; North Eastern)14-GAF-aab juba jubba Juba, Jubba lower valley Somalia (Lower Jubba)544433

page 100 The Linguasphere Register 1999 / 2000 edition14-GAGSOOMAALI+DABARRE net"WIDER"-SOMALI, somali #af- =«mouth», used to distinguishlanguage-names, as distinct from the sometimes differing coverage ofsimilar ethnic and lineage names14-GAG-a Soomaali including sab (linguistically but not ethnically) Horn of Africapeninsula: Djibouti coast… Ngangerabeli plain Arabic script;Osmania script; Latin script14-GAG-aa af-soomaali-G. soomaali, af-somali, somali, af-maxaad-tiri, "common" somali, in [12=]Amarinya: somalinya14-GAG-aaa soomaali-F. "standard" somali Somalia…14-GAG-aab soomaali-V. "vehicular" somali Somalia…Somalia (includingSomalia/Somaliland); Djibouti;Ethiopia; Kenya; migration>Yemen; United Arab Emirates;WalesA Somalia; Djibouti; Ethiopia;Kenya14-GAG-ab af-'iise af-ciise, 'iise, issa, isa, ise Zeila coast… Ahmar foothills (Diredawa) Djibouti; Somalia/Somaliland(Hargeisa); Ethiopia (Harerge)14-GAG-ac af-geedabuursi geedabuursi, af-gedabursi, gadabursi Durdur valley… Boramaenvirons14-GAG-ad af-isaaq isaaq, af-isaq, isxaaq, issaag, is'hak, ishak, ishaak Berbera coast…Ogaden desertSomalia/Somaliland (Hargeisa);Ethiopia (Harerge)Somalia/Somaliland (Hargeisa);Ethiopia (Harerge)14-GAG-ae af-daarood daarood, darod, darot Somalia/Somaliland (Burao);Somalia (Migiurtinia; Mudugh);Ethiopia (Harerge; Sidamo); Kenya(North Eastern)14-GAG-aea af-majeerteen majerten, mijertein Migiurtina, Mijertein region (Migiurtina)14-GAG-aeb af-warsangeli Las Khoreh & hinterland (Burao)14-GAG-aec af-dolbohaante dolbohante, dolbohanta Dooxo Nugaaleed, Nogal upper basin (Burao); (Harerge)14-GAG-aed af-ogadeen ogaden, sab-ogaden, ogaden-harti, part of sab Ogaden plain (Harerge)14-GAG-aee af-degodiya digodiya, hawiyya-SW. (Sidamo); (Northeastern)14-GAG-af af-hawiyya hawiyya-NE., hawiya-NE., habar-gidir, habar-gedir Galka'yo>SE.…Obbia coastSomalia (Mudugh)14-GAG-ag af-benaadir benadir Somalia (Benadir; Mudugh; Hiran) 5*14-GAG-aga af-benaadir-A. "coastal" somali Benadir region (Benadir; Mudugh)14-GAG-agb af-abgaal part of hawiyya-SE. between El Dere… Harardera (Mudugh)14-GAG-agc af-gaaljaal part of hawiyya-SE. Shabeelle, Shebelle middle right-bank: Balcad,Balad… Bulo Burti opposite bank(Benadir; Hiran)14-GAG-ah af-ashraaf muqdisho, mogadisho, "urban" somali Muqdisho, Mogadisho Somalia (Benadir)14-GAG-ai af-ajuraan ajuraan-SE., ajuran-SE., ujuuraan-SE. Juba, Genale middle leftbank:opposite WeregtaSomalia (Upper Juba)14-GAG-aj af-digil part of sab Shabeelle, Shebelle lower valley… Dinsor Somalia (Benadir; Upper Juba)14-GAG-ak af-maay af-maay-tiri, af-may, af-maymay, af-rahanwein, rehamwein,rahanween, rahanweyn, part of sab Shabeelle, Shebelle valley…Juba, Genale valley14-GAG-al af-tunni part of sab Shabeelle, Shebelle lower valley… Juba, Genale middlevalley14-GAG-am af-jiddu juba-somali Shabeelle, Shebelle lower valley… Juba, GenalemiddlevalleySomalia (Lower Juba; Upper Juba) 5Somalia (Lower Juba) 4Somalia (Lower Juba) 414-GAG-an af-helledi "hunter's" somali; helleda community Bur Hakkaba>N. Somalia (Upper Juba)14-GAG-b Dabarre+ Iroole Somalia (Lower Juba) 414-GAG-ba af-dabarre dabare, dabarre clan Dinsor>S.… Bohol Madagoi valley Somalia (Upper Juba; alsoBenadir)14-GAG-bb af-iroole irole, iroole clan inland from Brava: Shabeelle, Shebelle lower rightbankSomalia (Lower Juba)14-GAG-c Garre+ Boon Somalia (Upper Juba; Benadir;Hiran)14-GAG-ca af-boon boon, boni Juba middle valley Somalia (Upper Juba) 214-GAG-cb af-garre garre, garreh Shabeelle middle & lower valley Somalia (Benadir; Hiran) 474