Environmental weed list for the Adelaide region (116kb pdf)

Sustainable Landscapes ProjectInterim integrated weed list for the greater Adelaide region incorporating:• Weeds of National Significance• SA Urban Forest Biodiversity Program environmental weed list• CRC for Australian Weed Management factsheet: Alternatives to invasive garden plants,Greater Adelaide Region 2004• CSIRO ten most serious invasive garden plants for sale in South Australia #Many of the plants in the following list may not cause problems if properly contained, but whenplanted or dumped near remant native vegetation can easily escape and become invasive. Werecommend that these plants only be planted in areas where they do not cause problems, andeven then that they be carefully maintained and monitored.Plant species common as environmental weeds of the Adelaide region* non-native (exotic) species ** proclaimed species # CSIRO invasiveTrees and tall shrubsCommon name Scientific name Where it is a problemCootamundra wattle Acacia baileyana hillssilver wattle Acacia dealbata hillsearly black wattle Acacia decurrens hillsFlinders Ranges wattle Acacia iteaphyllasallow wattleAcacia longifolia var.hillslongifolia# golden wreath wattle Acacia saligna all areastree of heaven *Ailanthus altissima plains, hillsIrish strawberry tree *Arbutus unedo hillstree lucerne / tagasaste *Chamaecytisus palmensis plains, hills, creekcotoneaster *Cotoneaster spp. creek, hillsMay hawthorn *Crataegus monogyna creek, hills** azzarola Crataegus sinaica creek, hills# desert ash*Fraxinus angustifolia ssp. creek, hillsoxycarpapincushion hakea Hakea laurina hillstree tobacco *Nicotiana glauca all areas** # olive *Olea europaeaall areas (Olives can be grownfor agricultural purposes)Cape Leeuwin wattle Paraserianthes lophantha creek, hills, coast** # Aleppo pine *Pinus halepensis plains, hills,malleeradiata pine *Pinus radiata hillssweet pittosporum Pittosporum undulatum plains, hills, creekmyrtle-leaf milkwort *Polygala myrtifolia hills, coastpoplar *Populus spp. plains, hills, creekplum *Prunus spp. creek, hillscastor oil plant *Ricinus communis all areasblack locust Robinia pseudoacacia creek, hills# weeping willow *Salix babylonica hills, creekpeppercorn tree *Schinus molle plains, creek, hills** athel pine *Tamarix aphylla creekelm *Ulmus spp. plains, hills

ShrubsCommon name Scientific name Where it is a problemswan plant *Asclepias fruticosus hillsbroad-leaved cotton-bush *Asclepias rotundifolia hillsgreen poison berry *Cestrum parqui plains, hills** boneseed *Chrysanthemoidesall areasmonilifera ssp. moniliferaNew Zealand mirror-bush *Coprosma repens creek, hills, coast** English broom *Cytisus scoparius hillsheath/ Spanish heath/ treehills*Erica spp.heathflax-leaf broom *Genista linifolia hills** Montpellier broom *Genista monspessulana hillsrosemary grevillea Grevillea rosmarinifolia hillssilky hakea Hakea sericea hillsholly *Ilex aquifolium hills# topped lavender *Lavandula stoechas hillscoastal teatree Leptospermum laevigatum coast** African boxthorn *Lycium ferocissimum all areas** horehound *Marrubium vulgare plains, coast, malleeCape honey flower *Melianthus major creek, coastAfrican furze *Muraltia heisteria hillsoleander *Nerium oleander (high toxicity)** prickly pear*Opuntia spp.all areas(except O. ficus-indica)blowfly bush / buckthorn *Rhamnus alaternus plains, creek, hills, coast** dog rose *Rosa canina hillssalt cedar *Tamarix ramosissima plains, creek, coast** gorse *Ulex europaeus hillsClimbers and creepersCommon name Scientific name Where it is a problemMadiera vine *Anredera cordifolia creek, hills, coast** bridal creeper *Asparagus asparagoides all areas** bridal veil *Asparagus declinatus all areasasparagus fern*Asparagus scandens and A. plains, creek, hills, coastdensiflorusblue-bell creeperBillardiera (orSollya )creek, hills, coastheterophyllaCape ivy *Delairea odorata creek, hills, coastdolichos pea *Dipogon lignosus creek, hills, coastFumitory *Fumaria spp. plains, hills, creekEnglish ivy *Hedera helix creek, hillspurple morning glory *Ipomoea congesta plains, hills, creekmorning glory *Ipomoea indica plains, creek, hills, coastJapanese honeysuckle *Lonicera japonica creek, hills** sweet briar/eglantine *Rosa rubiginosa plains, creek, hills** blackberry *Rubus fruticosus agg. plains, hillswandering jew *Tradescantia fluminensis plains, creek, hillsnasturtium *Tropaeolum majus plains, creek, hills# blue periwinkle *Vinca major creek

Grasses, herbs, bulbs and cormsCommon name Scientific name Where it is a problemcentury plant *Agave americana coast, mallee** three-cornered garlic *Allium triquetrum plains, creek, hills** crow garlic *Allium vineale malleemarram grass *Ammophila arenaria coastheart-leaf iceplant *Aptenia cordifolia coastarctotis *Arctotis stoechadifolia plains, coastgiant reed/bamboo *Arundo donax creekbaboon-flower *Babiana angustifolia hillspigface Carpobrotus edulis coastAfrican corn-flag*Chasmanthe floribunda var. plains, creek, hillsfloribundapampas grass *Cortaderia spp. creek, hillscouch *Cynodon dactylon plains, creek, hills, coastmonadenia *Disa bracteata hillsseaside daisy*Erigeron karvinskianusplains, hills, coast (invasivein bushland)euryops *Euryops abrotanifolius hillsfreesia *Freesia alba x leichtlinii hillsgalenia/ carpet weed*Galenia pubescens & G. plains, coastsecunda# gazania *Gazania linearis hybrids coast, malleewild gladiolus* Gladiolus tristis & G. hillsundulatuscoolatai grass / tambookieall areas*Hyparrhenia hirtagrassiris *Iris spp. hills (invasive in bushland)ixia *Ixia spp. hillstangier pea *Lathyrus tingitanus hillsSnowflake *Leucojum aestivum hillssea-lavender *Limonium spp. coastmedic *Medicago spp. all areascommon iceplant*Mesembryanthemum plains, coast, malleecrystallinum** Cape tulip *Moraea flaccida & M. miniata plains, hillsthread iris *Moraea setifolia plainsfragrant onion *Nothoscordum inodorum plains, creek, hillscarrion flower *Orbea (or Stapelia) variegata plains** sour sob *Oxalis pes-caprae plains, hillsone-o'clock *Oxalis purpurea hills# kikuyu *Pennisetum clandestinum all areas# fountain grass *Pennisetum setaceum all areasphalaris *Phalaris aquatica hills, creekrice millet *Piptatherum miliaceum plains, hillspolygala *Polygala virgata plains, hillspincushion/ scabious *Scabiosa atropurpurea plains, hillssparaxis *Sparaxis spp. hillssynnotia *Synnotia villosa hillstritonia *Tritonia spp. hillsvetch *Vicia spp. plains, hillsblue periwinkle *Vinca major plains, creek, hills** bulbil watsonia*Watsonia meriana var. creek, hillsbulbilliferaarum lily *Zantedeschia aethiopica creek

AquaticsCommon name Scientific name Where it is a problem** alligator weed *Alternanthera philoxeroides creek** cabomba *Cabomba caroliniana creek** leafy elodea *Egeria (or Elodia) densa creek** water hyacinth *Eichhornia crassipes creek** horsetail or scouring rush *Equisetum spp. creekparrot’s feather *Myriophyllum aquaticum creek** salvinia *Salvinia molesta creekThis plant list includes the list adapted from SA Urban Forest Biodiversity Program (2001)Conserving Adelaide's Biodiversity: Resources, SA Urban Forest Biodiversity Program,Adelaide & Robertson, M. (1997) Stop Bushland Weeds, Nature Conservation of SouthAustralia Inc., Adelaide.Weeds of National SignificanceCommon NameScientific Nameprickly acaciaAcacia nilotica ssp. indicaalligator weedAlternanthera philoxeroidespond appleAnnona glabrabridal creeper Asparagus asparagoides & A.declinatuscabombaCabomba carolinianabitou bush/boneseedChrysanthemoides moniliferarubber vineCryptostegia grandiflorahymenachneHymenachne amplexicaulislantanaLantana camaramimosaMimosa pigraChilean needle grassNassella neesianaserrated tussockNassella trichotomaParkinsoniaParkinsonia aculeataparthenium weedParthenium hysterophorusblackberryRubus fruticosus agg. (industrycultivars exempt)Willows except weeping willows,pussy willow and sterile pussy willowSalix spp. except S. babylonica S.X calodendron and S. X reichardtiisalviniaSalvinia molestaathel pineTamarix aphyllagorseUlex auropaeusThese plants should not be established in parks or gardens.