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551.5<br />

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£>\\D\e.v*NS<br />

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OF THE<br />

U NIVER5ITY<br />

Of ILLINOIS<br />

X551.5<br />

R27m<br />

Rare Book & Special<br />

Collactiens Library


Digitized by the Internet Archive<br />

<strong>in</strong>"2009 with fund<strong>in</strong>g from<br />

University of lll<strong>in</strong>ois Urbana-Chanipaign<br />

http://www.archive.org/details/meteorolog1aphil00re<strong>in</strong>z


METEORO<br />

LOGIA<br />

PHILOSOPHICO<br />

POLITICA,<br />

IN DUODECIM DISSERTATIONES<br />

PER QU^STIONES METEOROLOGICAS<br />

ET CONCLUSIONES POLITICAS DIVISA, APPO-<br />

SITISQUE SYMBOLIS ILLUSTRATA:<br />

OLIM<br />

HONO%I<br />

AVGVSTI ROMANORVM REGIS<br />

JOSEPHI I.<br />

^ INSCRIPTA,<br />

NUNC DENUO AD MULTORUM DESIDE-<br />

RIUM IN LUCEM CORRECTIOR EDITA,<br />

AUTHORE<br />

%EFERENT>0 TATRE<br />

FRANCISCO REINZER,<br />

eSOCIETATE JESU, AA. LL ET PHILOSOPHIiE,<br />

NEC NON SS. THEOL. DOCTORE.<br />

Ciim Privilegio Sacra Caf. Alaj.<br />

AUGUST^. VlNDELICORUM,<br />

Impenfis JEREMIv^: WOLFII, ChalcographicarArtisPropolse.<br />

lyp^f PETRI DETLEFFSI/.<br />

Anno DCCIX.


C; "<br />

/.<br />

't ,Ai


^ '^ '{@)


modo naturali , fed & morali Philofophise , aux <strong>in</strong> eodemtradun-<br />

tur Lyceo, <strong>in</strong>nituntur. S<strong>in</strong>e hac nemo Philofophus abfolutus , fed<br />

ne homo quidem 5 Oimm enim homo, Ariftotele tefte, naturaUter eft a-<br />

mmalPoliticum & civile. Digeftum fic ex probatiflimis Authonbus<br />

nova hac forma opufculum, fi nihil tamen lippienti oculo novum<br />

videbitur, cogitet, nec aliena car<strong>per</strong>e &:moraere modo novumef-<br />

fe. B.e(5]:e Socrates , difficik efl ita quidquam <strong>per</strong>agere ut nihil erres; qnodfi<br />

etiamf<strong>in</strong>e errore quisquam aliquid<strong>per</strong>agat , difficile efl, non <strong>in</strong>iquumjudicem reprire.<br />

Interim libi mchora parandi neccffitatem imponit , qui ut<br />

trita (<strong>per</strong>nit aliena. Peflimum fem<strong>per</strong> judicium eft , ubi non mens<br />

fed dens fententiam fert. Et quod ridiculum eft : Ssepe praeoccupatus<br />

f<strong>in</strong>iftro affecftu animus jam <strong>in</strong> cenfuram o<strong>per</strong>is hnguam&calamum<br />

expedit, quod necdum vidit oculus , mmus mens legendo<br />

dijudicavit.<br />

tri.<br />

Ita ftomachante animo peftimi rerum efficimur arbi-<br />

Imbecilhtatem tamen noftram &: mentis &: calami ultro pro-<br />

fitemur 5 quid enim noftrum <strong>in</strong> orbe <strong>per</strong>fecflum V ut vita , fic fcri •<br />

pta errore non vaeant. Undc & mihi parces facile , qui & fcriben-<br />

ti tibi parci velis, Tu <strong>in</strong>terim benevoIcLedtor & a^quus rerum ac-<br />

ftimator fic opufculum hoc velim <strong>per</strong>volvas , ut dum <strong>in</strong>telledum<br />

Philofophica pafcis curiofitate , animum una <strong>in</strong> admirandam Au-<br />

thoris Naturae fapientiam obtutu convertas, utpote, quae non folum<br />

<strong>in</strong> magnis magna,fed& <strong>in</strong> m<strong>in</strong>imis maxima relucet. Nam ut<br />

nonm<strong>in</strong>us fapienteracpiefagaciflimus Meteororumcontemplator<br />

Fromondus mquit : ideo natura , aut naturje Author DEUS haec<br />

prodigia coeleftia , & mira m coelo ph^nomena m alto fufpendit^<br />

atque ocuhs noftris expofuit, ut fufpiceremus Creatoris <strong>in</strong> mirabi-<br />

I..<br />

libus Sapientiam oc Majeftatem. Sic igitur meo laborc<br />

frucre 6c valc.<br />

DIS-


iiitiiiitiiitiiiiiitiiittiitti<br />

5 'tA; iJks ttj i.'w V ' .£\JtAie.'J5AseAj«AitAie/V5«Ai<br />

vJ t w lo saj i-\i 4.^5 i\i sAs i\i SAS ic eA; jA<br />

::*?<br />

UT<br />

5«.-,, r


2<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

(em<strong>per</strong> confiftat legione aeriSi exhalatio autem ficca fit, Sc refbluta ex ipfa terra fep4<br />

<strong>in</strong> iupremam rcgionem cvolet, eo quod ciim fir ficca, facilius imprefTum calorem lervet, qudni<br />

vapor. Nec obtbic id, quod aprobatis Autfioribus afTeritur ; videlicet e terra Solis vi tepefafta<br />

utrumquereddihalitum,idenimproptereadicunt, quodterra&aquaplurimis <strong>in</strong> locis mixtaM<strong>in</strong>t.<br />

Qua de caufa tit, ut Ixpe exhalatio & vapor h<strong>in</strong>c mixtim ferantur ; tametfi ubi<br />

ad mediam venere acris regionem, fbcictate divulfa plerumque fubfiftat vapor , exhalatio vero<br />

nltiiis promoveatur.<br />

Controverfia major efl, utrum fubflantialiter differantab elementis»Vapor&exhalatio,<br />

cui ut relpondeam, fit<br />

Conclufiotertia. Vapor tSc exhalatio non difFeruntab elementis, terra nempc&aqua,^<br />

quibus educuntur, nifi accidenialitcr nempe rationecaloris, raritatis dc levitatis imprefife.<br />

Ratio efti. quia iIlihalitusfacileiterum<strong>in</strong>eiementumrefoIvuntur,namfiolI(E buUienti o<strong>per</strong>culum,<br />

vel cailidcm imponas, vapores colletti rurfus <strong>in</strong> guttascoalefcunt, argentumvivum<br />

vafc a<strong>per</strong>to <strong>in</strong>clufum diilipatur, 6c <strong>in</strong> fumumabit; fervatum vcrd <strong>in</strong> o<strong>per</strong>to vale non m<strong>in</strong>u-<br />

itur <strong>per</strong> duosannos; thuris, tulplruris


Philofophico-Politica.<br />

quia v<strong>in</strong>um gelatum ctiam prout fic non amittit denom<strong>in</strong>ationem v<strong>in</strong>i, licut amittunt illius<br />

vapores. Rcrp,z.dato nonconcciro antecedentenegoconlequcnriam,diIparitasenimpr2ter<br />

rationem fu<strong>per</strong>ius adduttam,ex co quoquc dari poflcc, quod nos hic non loquamur de<br />

vaporibus Sc exhalationibus, qua: clevantur a coiporibus mixti.'>, quule cfl: v<strong>in</strong>um, led quae<br />

eievantur a corporibus fimplicibus,


4<br />

CumSapientiaf<strong>in</strong>evirtuteproccdescautd ;<br />

Metcorologia<br />

rednonpid,im6alteraf<strong>in</strong>calcer(hne


Philofophico-Politica. 5<br />

frigefcit Sc rcfblvitur <strong>in</strong> aquam. Ex auo colliges, caufam formalem efTe dupliccm, unam<br />

fubftantialem,a!teram accidcntalem ; lubftantialis iila eft, ex quaMeteorum prodit,


6<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

vaporum polleant. H<strong>in</strong>c nataAftrologia illa naturaIis,qusex<strong>per</strong>imenris&:obrervarionibus<br />

nixa juxca Lunx, aliorum Planctarum motuSiphafes


Qu.<br />

Pliilofophlco-PoIiriCc^<br />

us, Auitm rfs Ni47nh:e prapfr/o fi


8<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

tes, magno nifia eruptlonem moliantur, Sc terram concutiant Ubi vero ulig<strong>in</strong>ofa humida*<br />

que deprehenditur, ibi <strong>in</strong> rivulos&fontium fcaturig<strong>in</strong>es fe diffundit. Ubi demum fulphu*<br />

lea&c bitum<strong>in</strong>ofa eft,fatuosignesfuccendit,varia m<strong>in</strong>eralia excoquit^ fubterraneo igne accedente.<br />

Secunda fedes eft (<strong>in</strong>us aquje,cujus naturae proprietas eft frigus <strong>in</strong> fummo,&:humoriii<br />

gradu excellenti. Atutterra, ita&htec alias affeftionum fubit diffcrentias, quandoquiderri<br />

hic ceftuat & buUit , illic alget; hic dulcis, illic falfa) nitrofa, alum<strong>in</strong>ofa, fulphurea, &<br />

bitum<strong>in</strong>ofa eft. Atque ubi v. g. fulpliur vehit, exfpirationem edit viventibus <strong>per</strong>niciofarn<br />

ac lcthalem. Sic ex lacu Campania; Averno, antequam fylvis, quibus vefliebatur, casfis, aercm<br />

feciffetAgrippa <strong>per</strong>flabilem, adeo fpiftk exhalationes prodibant, ut advolantibus avibus<br />

mors eifent. Sic pariter <strong>in</strong> maximis Bajani friftiolis fcrobs eft, cujus aqua tam calidos<br />

exhalat vapores, ut cerii liquefcente ext<strong>in</strong>guantur candelx ; tam Iethiferos,ut hom<strong>in</strong>es cor-<br />

repti, mortui repente concidant. Ex adverfb fcribit Camer. cent.7. Mirab. mem. ad paludemAgnani<br />

<strong>in</strong> Italia montem effej<strong>in</strong>quo fpeIuncaanguftacIementerdeorfiimvergit,Ionsi*<br />

tud<strong>in</strong>cm pedum o£to cont<strong>in</strong>ens. Solum ejus pede velmanu tentatum reliquo fentitur cali-<br />

dius. Injeftum animal peftifero exam<strong>in</strong>at halitu ; fenfli «Scmotu privat,ftatim fi extraxeris;<br />

vic<strong>in</strong>tE vero confeftim <strong>in</strong>jeftum paludi vitx (mirum) reftituitur. Plura referre abft<strong>in</strong>eo, dc<br />

quibus agendi erit locus.<br />

Tertia fedes eft receptaculum aeris, <strong>in</strong> quo oriuntur, qux proprieMeteora nuncupafti<br />

tur. Dividitur autem univerfus aer <strong>in</strong> tres regiones, veluti Sphsericas, <strong>in</strong>fimam, mediam, fiii<br />

premam,quarum unaaIiamcompIe6tatur,utbene canitPontanuS lib.de Meteor.cap.ig»<br />

Prima aqne patietis ejl frigoT-h.atque caloris,<br />

Alternasqiie vices altenmforte repetidit,<br />

Vere tepens^ ajlate calens, eadem borrida britmd,<br />

Proxima ab <strong>in</strong>flexu radior<strong>in</strong>n amota maligmim<br />

Frigiis, (^ algentem late complexa rigor^m,<br />

In qiiem cxruleus pajjim vapor artits <strong>in</strong>errat,<br />

Vnde cadunt [imbres, unde i^ nix concitat alai<br />

XJltima torrenti fem<strong>per</strong> fitit usta calore<br />

Flammarum^conjueta vagos <strong>in</strong>volvere tortus.<br />

Infima igitur aerisregio eft,<strong>in</strong> qua degimus,quiE fe furfum extendit eo ufque,quo radiiSoIis<br />

reflexi <strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>gunt. Quod <strong>in</strong>tellige de radio reflexo, qui ejus eft roboris, ut calorem <strong>per</strong>ceptibilem<br />

producat. Nam alias dubium non eft, qu<strong>in</strong> radii Solis a terra reflexi eciam altius<br />

&adLunamc£eterosque Planetas <strong>per</strong>c<strong>in</strong>gant. Si enimLuna^ Venus aliiquePlanetx, qui o-<br />

pacitate fua terreno corpori fimiles funtjumen aSole receptum ad nosufque reflettunt, ergo<br />

&: terra idem lumen ad Planetas usque projicit» Nequc dubiUm eft , qu<strong>in</strong> aliquis fi iii<br />

Luna confifteret <strong>in</strong>terdiu, fpeftaret terram <strong>in</strong>ftar fideris plane <strong>in</strong>gentis fulgentem. Ibi ergo <strong>in</strong>fimaaerisregio<br />

term<strong>in</strong>atur,ubi radiiSolares a terrareflexi, tam debiles fLmt,Ut aftivitace fuS<br />

calefaftiva haud retardare valeant, quo m<strong>in</strong>us vapores & exhalationes ad naturale frigus rede^<br />

untes, <strong>in</strong> nubes condenfentur. Hxc Regio aeris fi humida eft, rorem \ fi frigida pru<strong>in</strong>am,<br />

li ficcaignem fatuum ^ignit. Ejus fu<strong>per</strong>ncies diftat aterra paflibus circiterqu<strong>in</strong>gentis,hoc<br />

eft,dimidiounomiIIiariItalico,quiatantundemdiftanta nobis nubes imbres terentes, quod<br />

cx<strong>per</strong>imento eorum liquet, qui altos montes confcendunt.<br />

Mediaregioaeriseft,qua:feadulcimam nubium fu<strong>per</strong>ficiem,five term<strong>in</strong>um, quo nubes<br />

& venti valent procedere, extendit. Numerac <strong>in</strong> profunditate paffus ter mille qu<strong>in</strong>gentos<br />

jdeft,tria milliarialtalica cum dimidio. CoIIigiturhoc exeo: quod montes trium milliarium<br />

cum dimidio altitud<strong>in</strong>is <strong>per</strong>pendicularis depreh endantur <strong>in</strong>terdum op erti nubibus & nivibus.<br />

Unde h^ec altiffima montium cacum<strong>in</strong>a non att<strong>in</strong>git, teftante Sol<strong>in</strong>o de Olympi vertice,<br />

cujusarenofopulveri imprefH charaderes vertenteanno <strong>in</strong>violati <strong>per</strong>durant, nec vento, nec<br />

imbre confunduntur: quo <strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>et illudLucani : NftUs excedtt Olymftu : ^atent fHmmti tenent^<br />

Addit quoque Divus Auguft<strong>in</strong>us lib.?. de Genef. ad lit. cap.i. <strong>per</strong>hiberi <strong>in</strong> vertice Olympi<br />

agrem effc adeo tenuem,utneque animal fuft<strong>in</strong>erevaleat, neque ipfoshom<strong>in</strong>es(fi qui fbrtd<br />

veIfacrificandi,vel<strong>in</strong>fpiciendorum fyderumcaufa illucarcender<strong>in</strong>t)crafTiori aurae fpiritualerepofnt,eosquc<br />

ferre folitos fpongias plenas aqua,unde fugant identidem humorem adreliigerandum<br />

cor,aliter ob fiammam illius;aeris tenuitatem & ficcitatem vivere nonpofl<strong>in</strong>t.<br />

Cxteriim regio hxc faecundifHma Meteororum mater eft, nivem &pluYiamj grand<strong>in</strong>em& fiil*<br />

piiaa pro varidcoeunuum halicuura diverfitateparturic.<br />

:<br />

Supre*<br />

'


Philofophico - Politica. 91<br />

Suprema tandemacfrisregio eftpacata, nubibus, vaporibus&: exhalationibus maxima<br />

expartevacans. Dicomaximaex purte, quia revera eo etiam alicjux exhalationcs <strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>gunt<br />

, ut patebit ex dicendis , unde hxc propria ignium pcndentium 6c Cometarum flatio eft.<br />

Attollituratcrrajuxtacommuniorcmop<strong>in</strong>ionemmilliaribusqu<strong>in</strong>quag<strong>in</strong>raduobus.LIndcciim<br />

plurimieditilHmimontesi<strong>in</strong>t, quorumju^anubes non conrcendunt,ncce(reelt , ut eorum<br />

vertcxulrraqu<strong>in</strong>quag<strong>in</strong>taduo milliariaaflurgat. Hujusmodi eflbpra-ter didumOlympum<br />

memoraturCaucalus<strong>in</strong>Alia, quem tellatur Ariftoteles i. Meteorc. ;.videri a navigantibus<br />

<strong>in</strong>Mceotidem, id ell a Ipatio milliariumffao.iSc tcrtia parte nodis ret<strong>in</strong>eriab eo loliscrcpulcujum<br />

; quod idemdc Ciliomonte Pl<strong>in</strong>iusretert lib. t)-. c. 22. Teneriftam apud Canarias<br />

afleruntHilpanieirealticud<strong>in</strong>isrexag<strong>in</strong>tamilliarium, pcrpcndiculum vero cjus cfle, ncvem<br />

milliarium


lo <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

miumfrlgusadverfaturnaturaeaeris, utpote calids , quare nequittantLim frigoris <strong>per</strong>petuo<br />

fervare. Accedit, quodabrille gravior elfet noftro, quo nos Huimur, cum frigus addenfandogravitatem<strong>in</strong>ducat,<br />

exquo fequeretur , quodalfiduaalternatione {iibiideret ea pars<br />

aerisfuopondere, &hsccertatim»fcenderet,quodabfurdunieft. Adhciecrcfponlioeft, etfi<br />

aernaturiifuafitcalidus, <strong>in</strong>mediatamenrcgionenontantijmcaloris po(]Tdcre,ut impediat,<br />

nefehalitus<strong>in</strong> nativifrigorisftatumv<strong>in</strong>dicent, prcefertim, ciim vapores aliquantulum cral-<br />

iioresf<strong>in</strong>t, &:fuacrafIitieaerisaaionemretardent ; Cum item ex (eplus frigorisrequirant,<br />

quam aer caloris ; fiquidemfuntaquece natura^ , cui ILimmum frigus debecur ; quo tit , ut<br />

major fit efficacitas forms vaporum ad pariendum <strong>in</strong> ip(is f tigiditatem <strong>per</strong> nacuralem emanationem,<br />

quamaerisadcalefaciendum, tiuxumque iilumnativifrigoris<strong>in</strong>hibendum.Similiter<br />

adfecundumrefpondetur, cumquidpiamicaeft contraprivacamuniusre<strong>in</strong>aturam, ucalioqu<strong>in</strong>confentaneum^necefTariumquefitnaturceuniverfali,<br />

fiveord<strong>in</strong>i ac <strong>per</strong>fcdioni univerfi,<br />

quo pa£to fe habet frigiditas ad aerem medice regionis, id <strong>per</strong>petuum effe poffe ; nec Ariftotelemdchujuscemodi<br />

vioIenCQ <strong>in</strong>celligidebere. Demum licecaermediceregionispropcer fiigusaliquidcontrahatgravitatis<br />

; graviorem tamen <strong>in</strong>fimamejusefre plagam, eo quodmultumhabeatconcrctionis<br />

terrex.<br />

Colliges, quamvis didlum fit, fedem propriam Meteororum efTe <strong>in</strong> tribus hifce aeris<br />

regionibus , credibile tamen effe, dari eciam q uasdam meceoricas impreslicnes proprid di£tas<br />

fu<strong>per</strong>omnemaerem, <strong>in</strong>traipfumquecoelumgenerari. Teftantur idAftronomi, quifatentur<br />

, Cometas fijpra Venerem & Lunam apparuiffe, Ec quis maculas 6c taculas Solis e Meteoris<br />

excludat? e3etamen<strong>in</strong>ipfoSolefunt,utaIibi,dicemus.<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Politicus<strong>per</strong>gradus aicendat<br />

rrh<br />

M-rtlhf.-kfi^nt<br />

Efto


Philofophico-Poiitica. H<br />

ESto ^s tibi b<strong>in</strong>as addiderim , ut evolcs ; & a DEO exiens ad DEIIM transfugias<br />

lente tamen feft<strong>in</strong>andum judico. Id , quod Augufto Ca;faii <strong>in</strong> proverbio erat : Fefi>»^<br />

lenic. Tresmeritorummercedes,acdignitatum nom<strong>in</strong>a Olympiapex ofteit : (ednoli,<br />

ftatim contcndere ad fummum. Per gradus eundum eft,non eludandum <strong>per</strong> laltum, aut l<strong>in</strong>d<br />

medio ad apicem connitendum. Cradattm honores deferantftr , & a mmoribus ad majora <strong>per</strong>ve- Lib.ii.fr.<br />

niatnr Uctubuspvrobolarius momentoafcendit, afcenfu deficit, <strong>in</strong> alto rumpitur : ita Ih-fdemK.<br />

ft<strong>in</strong>ata Gloria<strong>in</strong>calumeftprxceps. Neque01ympusconfcenditur,nilipedetentimneque<strong>in</strong> nerib. &<br />

altilllmaaeris regione , non tranfeundo<strong>per</strong>medium , confidetur; CedpauUiimut L. Aurel. honori^<br />

commodum dicendiufumhabebat. Fachalicumdterraemiflitium tumidoambitucxliapi- btts,<br />

ccm pctere:fulmen erit,& <strong>in</strong> idu oculidi(<strong>per</strong>ibit.Fac vaporem l<strong>in</strong>emora <strong>in</strong> aeris (librellia pene-<br />

trare:<strong>in</strong>pluviasabibit;qualipoenitentia dudlus repent<strong>in</strong>o ac <strong>in</strong>conlideratoafcendendiConlilio<br />

illucrvmaretur, Q»i majore <strong>in</strong>itio jufcipit , facife fuccitmbit & def<strong>per</strong>at : quivtro k mimmis<br />

<strong>in</strong>civit^lerriet Hti.-^ueft aliquMido robujlior , fdentior 6~ melior, c^uam ante fult ; utjam drpariafacile<br />

fu<strong>per</strong>et^& paulo majora tutius ag^ediatur. Simplicius, Portando aenum , ex<strong>in</strong>de vitulum eo ex- Simpnc.<br />

crevit Milo Crotoniatcs , ut & bovem libera manu ele vandi exceliuerit tacultate. Bt Remigem <strong>in</strong>Bpi^et.<br />

Arilto- /. i.<br />

ipnncipto aura m<br />

iiiic frieefcit. Succefivefitmotus Nequeenimdmultaneoictu lepncipitem Hydram cxcuftif- ^'iflopk.<br />

fet Hefcules, ni(i a cunis didiciffet, primo gloria: gradui <strong>in</strong>fiftere, ferpentes elidendo , uc -fc?«"«<br />

fuccellivotempore<strong>in</strong> DraconemSerpensexcrevic, ica (<strong>in</strong>gilladm lubfecando venenatas be- ^^'- '•<br />

ftias, alfuevitcongeftis viiibus feptem capita una dava glonolillima vidorix mefk re(c<strong>in</strong>- /"«•i-<br />

dcre.Laudatquetitum Flavium Vefpafianum Paneoyi iftaSuetonius, magis acmagis <strong>per</strong>ata- Sutton.ut<br />

cisgradus<strong>in</strong> eocorporis animique dotesex(plendui(fc. Paulatimii<strong>in</strong>abesignium,acnubi- vit.c.3^<br />

Vercttnabula ^utiam & dementa vlrmis procedente tcmporead<br />

um monteselementa cxcrefcunt :<br />

tlorii. cumulum penenitur. Nofteuna fung<strong>in</strong>alcunuu ,&:pcreunc: mora temporis Cedri aCfufgunt<br />

&lauri; & durantadxcernijm.<br />

QUiESTIO IV.<br />

/<strong>in</strong> etiam corpora mixta materiam proximam pr^eheant<br />

Meteoris.<br />

clariorcm Mcteororum <strong>in</strong> genere <strong>in</strong>tclligentiam non modicam adfert pracfens qu3c-<br />

ADftio<br />

de clHuviis Sc exhalationibus corporum mixtorum. llnde lit<br />

Conclulioprima. Nonterra tantiim&aqua, led&aliacorporamixtacmirtunttSc<br />

exfpirantqua;dame


• medicamenticumparticulisilliuscorporis,<br />

12 Mcteorologia<br />

TerdoomniapenScorporaetiamduriflimaigniadmotarefolvunturex paite (altem <strong>in</strong> vapo-<br />

res, quodexeodepreiienditur, utobrervatumeft<strong>in</strong>ipfoaurojquamvis communiter appel-<br />

letur <strong>in</strong>corruptibile. Ab humanis vero corporibus pro valetud<strong>in</strong>is conRitutione nunc lanas,<br />

nuncxgrasemitti ejttialationespiusquamcertumefl:. uEgrorumenimeffluvia propagata<strong>per</strong><br />

halitus contagio fatis manifeftat. De (anis vero teftatuu Verulamius , dum qutefito , cur Psdagogi<br />

plerumque (eros numerent annos , refpondet , ideo diu fanos , vegetosque vi vere, quia<br />

cont<strong>in</strong>uo cum juvenibus confortio emanantes ab iiis fpiritus magiS fanos , vic3le'sque trahunc.<br />

Manet igitur verum, aerera etiam corporummixtorum exhalationibus,(ivecorpufculis iftis<br />

m<strong>in</strong>imisceuatomisicatere, unoquidemlocohis, alio aliis prorerumdiveriitate, e quibus<br />

oriuntur.<br />

Conclufio (ecunda. Dida hsec corpuicula diiferentis <strong>in</strong>ter (e funt naturce. Ratio ex eo<br />

deducitur,qu6dplcraqueeftentiali fbrma non difterant a rebus , quarum funt corpufcula,<br />

non (ecus ac vapores atque exhalationes terrea: Sc aqueie non difFerunt a terra & aqua, Nec<br />

referc, quod<strong>in</strong>aere<strong>in</strong>terfe<strong>per</strong>mifceantur; miftioenimnon facit ((altem non fem<strong>per</strong>) uc<br />

propriamnaturamexuant; ficutmiftioramentorumauri, argenti, ferri, non mutat eorum<br />

naturam ; nec <strong>in</strong> iftis diftillatarum e rofis, cicoria, ftece v<strong>in</strong>iacfimilibus rebus, efficic, uc<br />

<strong>in</strong>(e<strong>in</strong>vicemmutentur,&omnesunam <strong>in</strong>duant naturam. Ex quo<strong>in</strong>fertur, <strong>in</strong>aere nonfblum<br />

elTeeffluviahumida&ficca, vapores fcilicet&exhalationes, quce f<strong>in</strong>c aqua & terra, fed<br />

totefreillorumfpeciesfimul<strong>per</strong>mixtasatque confuias, quot funt ipeciesrerum, d quibus vi<br />

caloris,aucignis, autaliafimiliadionerelblvuntur. H<strong>in</strong>ccommuniterdicitur afenlatioribusPhilo(bphis,aeremrepIetum(em<strong>per</strong>e(re<br />

Pa>if<strong>per</strong>mU-,{eu (em<strong>in</strong>alivirtute rcrum.<br />

Colliges h<strong>in</strong>c primo, Quarumvisrerum effluvia feu corpufcula, quje e rebus promanantj&<strong>in</strong>aftumevolant^efreMeteororummateriamproximam,<br />

uti enimaqux&:terr£e,ita<br />

&;quarumvisaliarumrerumeffluvia<strong>in</strong>nubes,<strong>in</strong>pluvias, <strong>in</strong>flilm<strong>in</strong>a, & <strong>in</strong> alia Meteora con-<br />

flancur.<br />

Colliges tamcn fecundo, nos <strong>per</strong>hoc iionrecederea fententia Ariftotelis ftatuentis,duas<br />

tantiim communes fpecies exfpirationum vaporem nempeic exhalacionemiquia revera ad hxc<br />

duoeffluviorumfummagenerarefpedu<strong>in</strong>feriorum^omniareliquaeffluviarevocaripoffunc,<br />

quidquidenim<strong>in</strong>altumalcendit,authumidumfeuaqueumeft, autficcum feu fpiritofum.<br />

Conclufio teirtia. Exhalationumharumnon una eademque proprietas eft ; quaedanj<br />

enimtransverfimcircumquaquediftenduntur,ut videre eft<strong>in</strong>exhatationethuris, videlicet,<br />

cum effluviacra<strong>in</strong>oraf<strong>in</strong>t,CEqualicEquilibranturabaeie.Nonnullcedetcrm<strong>in</strong>anturquandoque<br />

adunamviam,velexmotuaeris, veliplius corporis exhalantis. H<strong>in</strong>c racio redditur , cur<br />

canis <strong>in</strong> bivio conftitutus viam dignofcat, <strong>per</strong> quam herus <strong>per</strong>rexit ; nimiriim exhalatio reliftaab<br />

heri corpore, & <strong>per</strong> traftum vix cont<strong>in</strong>uacse<strong>in</strong>dicium prcebec. Alice exhalationes fi<strong>in</strong>t»<br />

qux corporibus extraneis ip(b contadu adhcEre(cunt, (ic qui <strong>in</strong>ter odores diu veriati (unt,dum<br />

abeunc, {ccuma(portancodoriterosquosdamhaiitus. Nonnulla effluviacumcertisaliisfacile<br />

commifcentur,& (libeunt , <strong>per</strong>vaduncque totum traftum alterius effluvii, fecus vero cum<br />

quibusdaiii aliis. Exemplumexhibentliquores; aquaenimfacild mifcecur cum v<strong>in</strong>o, non<br />

itemcumoleo, Idque nonfolumex gravitace, fed ex difpofitione ip(a parcicularum , nam<br />

aqua,qu'je faciie (t^iQ <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>uat, <strong>per</strong> tubum plenum v<strong>in</strong>o ; non fubit <strong>in</strong> tubum oleo plenum,<br />

Exhisdeduciturprimo, <strong>in</strong> hanc mixtionem fpirituum facile referriut<strong>in</strong>caufam, efFeftusnonnullosmirabiies,<br />

itemque naturales , ex quibus primo a(pe6lu videretur adio <strong>in</strong>di-<br />

ftans confirmati.<br />

Deduciturfecundo. Medicamentorumvires,quairritationecorpus fenfitivum afEciunt<strong>per</strong>idoneaparticularum&:quaIitatumeffluvia,(atisexpIicari<br />

, neftuntur cnim particulac<br />

<strong>in</strong>de motus diverfi determ<strong>in</strong>antur, efFervefcen-<br />

ticE, («rmencationes &:c.<br />

Deducicur tertio.SoloMedicamentorum odore vel taftu corpora quandoqueaflici noxia<br />

velproficuaimmutatione; ncmpeeffluviiodorati particulae<strong>in</strong>nervos<strong>in</strong>currunt, cScopeSpirituum<br />

motus illos determ<strong>in</strong>ant, quos <strong>in</strong>ducerent Medicamentaipfa,fi vel applicata vei afiumptanonmoao<br />

olfada fuifTefit ; quamvisenim m<strong>in</strong>ima f<strong>in</strong>t, & fubci!ifiiiriaodoracorpufi:uIa<br />

cffluentia, cum <strong>in</strong>numerabilia tamen f<strong>in</strong>t, effedus fenfibiles eadcm ratione procurare pofTunt,<br />

quavalent m<strong>in</strong>utiftima elateriapulverisnitri,&fimilium mixtorum.<br />

Deducitur Quarto. Quas <strong>in</strong> gemmis, & fbfl[ilibus <strong>in</strong>eft!e conftat qualitates occultas &: fpecificas,<strong>per</strong>Analogiammagnetis<br />

& eledri <strong>in</strong> effluviisconfifterefkis commodeproponitur;<br />

nec ref ert opponerc<strong>per</strong>iculum Dim<strong>in</strong>utionis gemmarum & fimilium ob cont<strong>in</strong>ua ef fluvia, facil^<br />

enim <strong>in</strong>telligitur <strong>in</strong>lenfibilem hujusmodi fucuram dim<strong>in</strong>utionem etiam diutiflimo tempore.<br />

uta<strong>per</strong>tedeprehenditur<strong>in</strong> Chirothecisodoratis,qu2eIicetdiutiusexhaIaver<strong>in</strong>todorem,<br />

nec ponderecamen,nec raolefenfibiliterdecrefcunt. Quamquamproceftiitcmporisomnia<br />

hujus-


Philofophica-Politica. 13<br />

hujusmodicorporaproptereffluviaponderedecrefcant, utcont<strong>in</strong>git <strong>in</strong> fucc<strong>in</strong>o,camphora><br />

&aromatiso!T<strong>in</strong>ibus.<br />

Deducitur Qu<strong>in</strong>to.Venena quoqueaftivitatem fuam noxiam exerunt effluviis particularum<strong>in</strong>fenfibilium,<br />

quxciamtiigidxf<strong>in</strong>t, aut alterius noxix' configurationis ; texturam isedunt<br />

coi-poris viventis ; <strong>in</strong>de determ<strong>in</strong>ant violentam f'ermentationem,aut naturalium partium<br />

animaliummotumimpcdiunt;h<strong>in</strong>cmotusord<strong>in</strong>atusfmgu<strong>in</strong>is <strong>per</strong>turbaturex venenimixturaiqunndoquccongelacur<strong>in</strong>venisautfaltem<strong>in</strong>cralTatur.<br />

llndeex morfuvi<strong>per</strong>xanimal<strong>in</strong>tumeicit,neclongamoraopuseft,<br />

utvenenofa etHuvia vi<strong>in</strong> exerant fiiam ; quemadmodurfi<br />

enimiiquoresnonnulli(atisci:6accfcuntexfermentacionc,itavitiatur fanguis.<br />

DeduciturSexto. Quandoquidemtum venena, tum alexipharmaca venenis oppofita<br />

qualitatcsoccultasfuas fcnnentationepotisfimum expediunt;con(iiltum eftdiligenterexplicarevimfermenti;<br />

quovidelicetpadlomodicafermenti dofis mankm fatis grandem afficiat<br />

&immutet. Adquodiequensanalogiapncmittiturexplicationisgratia : fit cumulusm<strong>in</strong>utisfimorumgloborumfatiselevatus<br />

; exeo ,fiduosveltres globulos<strong>in</strong>ferioresfubducas, locoquefuoamoveas,reliquosomnesfu<strong>per</strong>ioresmoveri,<br />

&:agitari necefTeeft, fubdudtis illis;<br />

nonalitervisfermenci,licetnon<strong>in</strong> omnesomn<strong>in</strong>opartes & particulasmafl"iEfermentand£ea.<br />

gendo <strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>gat, agit tamen <strong>in</strong> aliquas quibus immutacis & agitatis tolliturplexus, & difpofi-<br />

;<br />

tioca*tcrarum parcium,quxpro<strong>in</strong>deomnesfermentancur. Exemplum hujusmodi efHcaciaj<br />

prxbencdoliadcvala, quxmucoremconcaxerunt ; etcnimliquorcs <strong>in</strong>fijfi <strong>in</strong> illa vafa flat<strong>in</strong>i<br />

mficiuncur&excrahuncexxquonempefecundumomnes parcesqualicacem&vitiummucoris,nempe<br />

totus omn<strong>in</strong>o liquor, 6c non (blus qui proximc conc<strong>in</strong>git dolii latera, fermencatur Sc<br />

<strong>in</strong>ficitur. Atqueex hoc ipforationem facile reddes, cur peflis contagione propagetur, li-<br />

quidusenira aeracorpore pe(lilencifermencaturetiam(ecundumfuiremotioresparces,<br />

Llnum tead calcem quxllionis hujusmonicum volo, ne , dum occulcas qualitates,difpofitiones&cexhalationispavticulasvoco^mecumSyftemaceEpicureo,<br />

Cartefianovel Chymicofentire,<br />

«Sfatomosadmentemillorum admictereexiflimes; nom<strong>in</strong>e enim parcicularum<strong>in</strong><br />

SyftemacePeripacetico redisfime <strong>in</strong>telliguntur difpoficiones, d:accidencia, &: afFedtiones<br />

pnxvicE, quxdebenteire<strong>in</strong>Materiaadhocut<strong>per</strong> illas, «Scpoftillascducatur


14<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Beliiduci Themiftodi,<strong>in</strong>quietasnoaesagenti , quidMorpheum excuffit ? Me-, <strong>in</strong>quicbat;<br />

trofhaa Milthiadis e fomm excitant, Haec enimmemorix ab hiftoricis transfcripta , <strong>in</strong> ftatuis<br />

VaI.Max exprefs^cernebat: eademlucendicupiditasIUumexcitabat, dicerefolitum,««&i»» etvoctm<br />

i.g, smoemorem, cjuam qm<strong>in</strong>laHdemrerHmafigeflarfimcanitiir. Bon<strong>in</strong>om<strong>in</strong>isfamapretium nonvanumeft,<br />

funt enim virtutes ejus peculium. PrimumeftlaudemmeruifTe; Confeftaneum eft<br />

TacitJn<br />

vit,<br />

gloriae tubapofteritati proclamari, ut laudabilia fedtentur. Quemadmodum ignes miflllcs,<br />

mox utdmanu dimittunturj aftrorumimitantur l^lendorem: ic^ politicus fervor glorije fa-<br />

ccm manuum o<strong>per</strong>ibus accendit^quS alii trahuntur <strong>in</strong> fequelam. Hacluce,hoc ftimulo,hoc<br />

philtroagebaturDomitius Corbulo, quem Tacitus orbicommendat : Miffus ad Armenios<br />

regendosegregiamoxfac<strong>in</strong>oraaggrefTuseft^utfama: <strong>in</strong>ferviret, qus <strong>in</strong> novis caeptis validiP'<br />

limaeft. Quid pulchriiis ? unicomomentovitam volatilem <strong>in</strong> aeternam eommutas, poft-<br />

quamviveredefiifti. Qui moriens pro vitafamamfubftituit, vivere non deftitit, quia vivit<br />

<strong>in</strong> fama. Non videbatur Tacito parum vixifle Agricola , cjHamqHom <strong>in</strong> medlo fiatio <strong>in</strong>tegra ataiisereptus-,namqHantHmadgloriam.,longi^mHm£VHm<strong>per</strong>egerat.}ione^ag\on^i<br />

cupido omnem a vitiocavetmaculam:<br />

virtutesPolitici ftatuaEfunt,reaefa£l:afunttrophaeapofthuma, a morce<br />

fama &c ipfum bonum fiaifTeloquitur, Sc alios bonos facit. Argentnm CommHnis efl omniHmpof<br />

feJfio-^athoneflHm&exeolaHs&^oria Deorkm efi, aut eorum-, qui a Diisproximi cenfentur. PolvbiuS,<br />

Trancijc. j^ jgi^g^ <strong>in</strong>apice <strong>in</strong>tentionis ftet, uttion tam odorem quceras , quam decorem. ^Emulus<br />

^^/nV. ex Demetrii Phakrei, cui ob prsclare gefta trecentK ftatuae funt eredta?, fed ab <strong>in</strong>vidis dejeftaEiil-<br />

""*'•<br />

lo dicente: Statuas evertere <strong>in</strong>vidi cfHidempotueruntf virtuiesaHtem-, quihus prttmio imag<strong>in</strong>es ilUflete-<br />

rHht^nunqHamabolehunt Ben^fac,


Philofopliico-Politlca. 15<br />

QUyESTlO V.<br />

an ex illis<br />

qudmqne caujamJ<strong>in</strong>alem for-<br />

^n omnia Meteora caufas habeant naturales , ^<br />

qu£dam prxomiuari pojjiut ,<br />

tiajitur,<br />

COncIufio prima. Quamvispleraque, qux<strong>in</strong> aerevel alibi <strong>in</strong>terdum cernuntur, &<br />

prodigiolaputantur, phyficas & naturaies habcant caulas, ut cometx; funt tamen<br />

quxdam, quxab<strong>in</strong>tluxucaularum naturalium m<strong>in</strong>imeemanant:, ut funt conflidlus<br />

cxercituum<strong>in</strong> (ublimilpedabiles,aliaqueiis (imilia, qua: adlivitare corporum coelcftiumcflormar<strong>in</strong>eutiquam<br />

valent. ItaquehcEcvclaprimacau(areftrice


i6 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Conclufio tcrtia. Ciim omnia ad certos <strong>in</strong> natura f<strong>in</strong>cs ord<strong>in</strong>ata f<strong>in</strong>t , caafa f<strong>in</strong>alis<br />

Meteororum vel Phyfica eft , vel Theologica ) Illa eftbonum univerli reeimen, mutua elementorumcontem<strong>per</strong>atio,<br />

aerisrepurgatio , &:ten;£ liccundacio. Sicimbres,ros,nubes<br />

adhortos, prata, ad agros humeaandos , neSolisa-ftuexufta, pariterfpes<strong>in</strong>herbaexura-<br />

tur^deferviunt. SimiliterventorumBam<strong>in</strong>a a noxiishumoribusaerem purgant- ipfietiam<br />

Cometa:,exhalationesTellurispeftif'erasruisfacibusexpiant, ficque meteora bono publico<br />

tota impenduntur ex caufa f<strong>in</strong>ali phyfica. Altera caufa f<strong>in</strong>alis, utdixi, Theologica eft,<br />

nempeDEI cognitio, amor,honor, atque eciam impiorum tcrror, ut (i Cometam div<strong>in</strong>a<br />

Nemefisvelutfatalembcllorum, autpeftis nuntium ablegec, aliaque parelia ad tcrrendos<br />

impics accendat ; ut benc obfervat D. Damafcenus Medit. 2. lib. fux parxncfis c. i. <strong>in</strong>quiens<br />

locjuitur cnm homtnibns DEUSnon modo humanal<strong>in</strong>gua <strong>per</strong> facros vates ^ y.t a feccatis avocentnr'-,<br />

ijr refipifcant ; fed nmytMncjuam ipfis elementis <strong>in</strong> formas & imag<strong>in</strong>es diverfas ad eoritndem terrorem<br />

eompoftis. Hic f<strong>in</strong>isprxternaturalis Meteoris omn<strong>in</strong>o extr<strong>in</strong>fecus eft, unde quamdiu is ignotuseft,<br />

tamdiu avirofapienteomnismetusabefTedebet. Atquehisuna &f<strong>in</strong>em DiftertationiprimiEdeMeteoris<strong>in</strong><br />

genereimponimas,de<strong>in</strong>cepsaauri de eorum oblervationibus<br />

<strong>in</strong> fpe^ie.<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

PraefitjUtprofit Politicus.<br />

Vldesobfjfcari coelum, mugire tonitrua , <strong>in</strong>undarc excuflbs ca:lo imbrcs, ciipi oculis.<br />

Lunam &; ftellas , volare Dracones,excitari <strong>in</strong>cendia , m<strong>in</strong>ari cometas , corulcarc tul-<br />

gura, virgas &; fiigittas, lanceas & mucrones extendi , ac quali totum <strong>in</strong> te cicliim ruerec,<br />

ruptis cataratlis nube* <strong>in</strong> pluvias firangi, Ne terrearis Politice,amantis hiccca:li balia funr;<br />

:


Philofophlca-Politiciv tf<br />

Lucent^ ut prejifit: ScopcE ccelifunt, qux aerem purganc: terram fxcundant: elevantur , uc<br />

noslublevent; <strong>in</strong>noftramconfpirantutilitatem. £xcivIo difce, quomodo luceas, ut profis.<br />

QuidDiv<strong>in</strong>iusy AudiRomanam eloquentiam pvo M. Marcelio loquentem : Hom<strong>in</strong>es Oceropro<br />

nnllArepropiHs acceJunt ad DEUA4 , ijuamfilMter» homfnihns liAnAo. Prima fubfellia honoris te--''^.<br />

nere, velutlidusterrenumfulgere, imm<strong>in</strong>ere capitibus reliquorum ,<br />

Sceptrumlimulacvirgasteneretamofum e(t: at fumollim, (i non <strong>in</strong> communem utilitatem<br />

impcndas, utautpurgesaKKcibusrempubl.autpurgatam<strong>in</strong>florcconierves. LaudemAugu- Sen.mO'<br />

ditlarejura & leges, Marced,<br />

fti Cxlaris cxComico Poet.':<strong>per</strong>ci<strong>per</strong>elibeat : Pulchnfm cmtiere eft <strong>in</strong>ter illuHres viros. Sic il- Slavia.<br />

U pAtrit Primus AugHs}usP,trenSt complexHS asha eji , coliturdr femplis DEus. Quid de Pericledi- ^Hati. l,<br />

cam illo Fulm<strong>in</strong>atore eloquentidimo y Tanto<strong>per</strong>O fuosdiligebat,tant6que honoreprofe- -^. hijior.<br />

qucbatur, ut verba ad populum tadturus fub<strong>in</strong>de optaret , ut nullum (ibi vcrbum excideret<br />

quodutiIitati(ijorumrepugnaret. Qu^iddeVefpaiianoRomanorumMonarcha dicam? Per<br />

tottim Im<strong>per</strong>iitempust aitde CO Tranquillus, tjihilhabuit .i.:ti.j'!iHs , (jHArn propf afjli(}.im iiHtantcmqHe Tran-<br />

RempHhl.flabitireprimo-, deit:de orn.tre. Hocequidem eft lucere, (Scprodeife, <strong>in</strong> id unum con- quiU, c,^.<br />

tendere, ut Reipubl.benedt. Monentem iifto Laurcncium Medicum , Filio Petro cum<br />

Pr<strong>in</strong>cipatushonoreidonerisimponentem: Cives,mi Pctie, (liccenbremte meum procul<br />

dubioagnofcent, ncquevereor^utnoneademauthoricatetuturus lis <strong>in</strong> Repub.qua nos ip(i. CaftrPof.<br />

SedquoniamCivitasomniscorpusert multorumcapitum, memento<strong>in</strong> ejusmodi varietati-<br />

,<br />

/^''''- '"^*<br />

bus magis unverfitatis iStCommunis boni rationemhabere. Eft nimiriim conformis Ferdi- Annal,<br />

nandill.monitoadConliliarios : IdunumflatHant^cjuociRcipHbUbonocedcret. Ital,<br />

"^ii^- -mv?^ ^.^ ^.'m--m^s m^M' ^^^ m%^-<br />

DISSERTATIO II.<br />

Dc Meteorico Corpore igiiito.<br />

QUoniam Meteora ignita , feiiutalii vocant imprelTiones ignitse, c^teris<br />

.omnibusilluftriorafuntjmeritoeaprimo loco, acde hisetiam prius<strong>in</strong><br />

communi<strong>per</strong>tra


i8<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

tur,quibusnonquadrata,fedrotundaapparet. Similiter <strong>in</strong>ter fe qujedam difFerunt colorc»<br />

namaliqucevidentur obfcurce&fumidiEob denficatem,ali£elucentes&: candidx obraritatem.<br />

Pariter non omnibus idem efl motus, quia qutedam <strong>in</strong> orbem eunt raptu coeli &: ignis,quaedam<br />

furfum feruntur , qui eft naturalis earum motus,quxdam ad latus decl<strong>in</strong>ant, propter occurfum<br />

corporum fu<strong>per</strong>iorum,aliasvecau(as,qu£e reftam <strong>in</strong>liibentlationem. Item queedam lento gradu<br />

<strong>per</strong>gunt, ut nonnulli Comet£E,qucedam magna rapiditate, ut (ydera cadentia. Llbi adverte<br />

ex Arift. lib.^.ci. ideo quorundam ignium trajediones videri celeritate fua Lunte &; Solis cur-<br />

(umlongo<strong>in</strong>cervallov<strong>in</strong>cere,cumtamenremaliterhaberecertaratione confter, quia nobis<br />

multoprop<strong>in</strong>quioresfunt^quamluna&fbl. Diverfumetiam habent locum, quiaalite <strong>in</strong> fupremo<br />

aeris tractu , alite<strong>in</strong>mcdio, aliae <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>fimo , alis etiam<strong>in</strong>terrs vifceribusnafcuntur.<br />

Nam,qu6dnonnili <strong>in</strong>fraIunamcommunitergenerentur(dixi communiter,quia ex multorumlententiavaldeprobabileeft,<br />

Cometasetiamfupralunamapparuiffe) probat Ariitoteles<br />

lococitatoexmotus<strong>per</strong>nicitate,qu£E<strong>in</strong>eisvifitur, fienim <strong>in</strong> ip(b corporecosleftivolitarent»<br />

jnulto fegniornobisappareretearummotus,ut<strong>in</strong>fyderumconverfioneliquet. Idem ediffe-<br />

ritSenecalib.l. Nat.qusft. c.l.ajens: StultumejfeexfHmaretverasJiellasdecidere^ ant tranjillret aut<br />

aliqHidillis auferri& abradi-i qHiaJlhocftiiffetijam de fHijfent. Nulla enim nox eft, qua non plurimac<br />

ire, & <strong>in</strong> diverfiam videantur abduci : Adde, quod li ipfce difts mutationes coeleftibus corporibusacciderent,<br />

fequeretur,noneft"eilla<strong>in</strong>teritusex<strong>per</strong>tia, cujusoppofitum demonftiatur ab<br />

Ariftot.lib.i.decoslo.c. 3. Deniquedurationedifterunt,quiaqu£edamnon patiunturmoram,<br />

fed transvolant, & evanelcunt paulo poft, alicC diuturnce funt ; qusdam nodtu fiunt ',<br />

alix <strong>in</strong>ter-<br />

diu ; etli raro de die appareant,quemadmodum ftellce <strong>per</strong>pctux funt, & tamen <strong>in</strong>terdiu latent<br />

quia Solis fulgore obumbrantur, fic & has abfcondit diuturni lum<strong>in</strong>is claricas.Qupd fi aliquandotantavisemicuit,ut&:adverfus<br />

diem vendicare fuum fulgorempofl<strong>in</strong>t, apparent.<br />

Conclufio tertia. Caufa efEciens remota harum ignearum impreflionum folent effe, ut<br />

fti<strong>per</strong>iusannotavimus tum ignes fubterranei, fulphura,ibl,&: reliquacorporacoeleftia^caufa<br />

vero prop<strong>in</strong>quior& <strong>in</strong>ftrumentaria eft eorum conden(atio,e6 qubd una pars calida magis uniatur<br />

alteri,& ita niutuo adeo calefiunt, ut ignem pariant , vel eft Anti<strong>per</strong>iftafis tiigoris ambientiSjCalorenimobfefrus<strong>in</strong><br />

<strong>in</strong>timafeaggcrat,p3rtesconftipat, &tandemignefcit. Vel eft ca-<br />

lor aftrorum,putaSoIis, quem ignem poffe accendere,Iiquid6 conftat. Vel eft demum coilifio<br />

& attrituspartium exhalationis <strong>in</strong>ter feaccedencibus prxfertim & fufflantibus contrariis ventis,quibus<br />

exhalacionismateriah<strong>in</strong>c<strong>in</strong>deagitatairricatur , ut efTervefcentibus <strong>in</strong>clulis <strong>in</strong> ea<br />

Jpiritibus tandem flammam concipiat.<br />

Conclufio quarta. Caufa f<strong>in</strong>alis eft <strong>in</strong>primis confumptio fumofarum exfpirationum<br />

ad viventiura <strong>in</strong>columicacem & (alutem, verd enim hujusmodi anhelitus noxii fi<strong>in</strong>t , quibus idcircopurgariacremoporteat.<br />

Secundonaturxarqualitas, quia ciim ignis regnantetiigore<br />

<strong>per</strong> hyemsm dim<strong>in</strong>utus fic, &<strong>in</strong>feriora crever<strong>in</strong>t elementa, conatur natura ad iequalitatem omniareducerepluresigneasconcretiones<br />

generando.Tertioprcefignificatioaliquorum eventuumtamtriftium,quamlxtorumexdiv<strong>in</strong>o<strong>in</strong>ftituto;<br />

ficprKuuntius felicitatis extitit cometa<br />

ille cum gem<strong>in</strong>is tubis, quivillis <strong>in</strong> ortu Alexandri Magni^uci & cruces igne£ , qux Conftant<strong>in</strong>o<br />

Csfari apparuere. PluravideapudAuguft. Iib.2. deCivit.Deicap. 25. &lib.j.c.i. Pl<strong>in</strong>iumlib.2.<br />

naturalisHift.c.zf.Tercullian. <strong>in</strong>lib.adScapulam c. 3. Suetoniam <strong>in</strong> vitaC. Cxfaris<br />

cap.88. Liviumlib. 3. Decad.i. Jofephum de bello Jud. lib.y.c.ii.Niceph. 1. 3, hift.Eccl. c.4.<br />

Exhisobfervationibus&generalibuspr<strong>in</strong>cipiisMeteorognomicis h-iud cegre fequentia<br />

huic materise prop<strong>in</strong>qua refolves & primo : cur marmor, a.'s, ferrum ,<br />

ecfi vehementer <strong>in</strong>cale-<br />

lcant, haud tamen flammam concipiant,nempe,quia nimium terrx pondus, quod illis <strong>in</strong>hxret,<br />

cumrarefieri&fe excenuarenonposfit, obfiftit, nepartesignexconipirent.<br />

Refolvesfecund6, curatcrifionechalybis 6 filiceignis eliciatur, quia nempefadta hac<br />

coUifione multx partes tam humidee, quam ignex excitantur , h<strong>in</strong>c illis extpirantibus , lia: uniuntur<br />

<strong>in</strong> fc<strong>in</strong>tillas.<br />

Relblves tertio. Cur epilisfelium, dumquiseos ex adverfo fricat, fc<strong>in</strong>tillce non raro<br />

cmicent ; fcilicet, quia <strong>in</strong>ter filam<strong>in</strong>apellis fel<strong>in</strong>x multje parces potentia igneae latent , quae af-<br />

friftu excufl^x , filamenta pellis, unionem prius impedientia, fu<strong>per</strong>greflce coUiguntur & fc<strong>in</strong>til-<br />

Jantluce quidem duntaxat no£l:u vifibili ob radiorum tenuitatem.<br />

Relblvesquarto. Cur foenum humidum arese importarum;&<strong>in</strong>cumulumcongeftum<br />

fepefeipfo <strong>in</strong>flammameru<strong>per</strong>it; ratio<strong>in</strong>promptueft, quia humor ille <strong>per</strong> calorem, quem<br />

<strong>in</strong>tra fe fovet f(xnum,rarefit, & <strong>per</strong> poros illius, quibus abundat,evolat , quo abeunte cauquam<br />

frafto obftaculo, partes relids ignea fefe congregant,& flamma foenum corripiunt.<br />

Refolves qu<strong>in</strong>to. Curcurrusmultumonerati,uti&mol£erotx fuccendantur ? caufam<br />

exdi6liscolliges,attritioncmefle, quia compreflus&attritus aerattenuatur& rarefit, rare-<br />

iaftus <strong>in</strong>^alefcic,& <strong>in</strong> materiar» igneam degenerat» Ita ignem exjitare edotti <strong>in</strong>de , dum ligna<br />

,


Philofophico-Politica.<br />

gnamotacdcmmoconfricantes&atterentes<strong>in</strong>flammarLmt.<br />

PariterApuliUgnumfuoicu-<br />

Iiscircumvolvercroliti,quibusvelociterrctraa:isignemclicucrunt.<br />

rToI^s demum Ibxto. Curtriticumfimilesque agrorunifruaus, dum adhuc madidohorreo<strong>in</strong>teruntui.nonnunquamfuccendantur;ratioaemdabisexAnt>pcnaafi,quanemp°triticWscalidxdtriaoreextr<strong>in</strong>lbcoobIeirxfortiusagunt;humorem<strong>per</strong>l^^<br />

trci3tSexpellunt,quibus expuUislibiuniuntur, &flammam excitant Eadem de cauf»<br />

partescalidx, viaquxlcmteraftuix ad <strong>in</strong>tenoralerec.pe.<br />

cairaquis pSa ^n^^^^<br />

re coguntuSeclaulisporispcraquam<br />

cxaidclcunt.<br />

19<br />

contiauoafflucatemlibiunamtur ,


?0 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

rent,&:<strong>per</strong>totprxcipitiarequirerenc, fitotum, qLiemipfi dantLaticem,,ipfe Oceanus coo-<br />

fiamerec? Politicus,utcEquLisfit,2eqLiorfiat. Omnia<strong>in</strong>populorumadipem referenda Il<strong>in</strong>t.<br />

MarcusAurelius CK(arficuc<strong>in</strong>mulcis,ica<strong>in</strong>licc em<strong>in</strong>uic quoadReip.procurationem : dicebat<br />

thefiuros&cKCeraomniaefreSenacus. Populfque ^ Romuni. Nos-,\ni\u\s-, adeonihtlhayemns<br />

propriam-, ut xdes etiam veflras habitemus, Qu6 magis pro<strong>in</strong>exlibil <strong>in</strong>dum, & <strong>in</strong> ultimas<br />

Orbis oras deportandum monltrum hom<strong>in</strong>is Machiavcllifl;ici , qui fe natum & fadlum eo<br />

vult , uc cuciculamfLiam|curet, fuas fl)rcunasamplificcc, generalicer vivac , erfurj^ac fubdilib<br />

s.ad tos,- fuam crumenam imp<strong>in</strong>guec, Quam longe alicer Oratorum Pr<strong>in</strong>ceps : Ut gubematori<br />

Attic. currus ficHKdfis 1 Afedicofilifs , Im<strong>per</strong>atorivictoria : Sic ReipMicji, Moderatori beata c/vium vita pro'<br />

£ap,ii. pojita ef}, nteacopiis locuples-, opibns firma gloria ampla& virtnte honeflafit. Exemplo Periclis,qui<br />

-,<br />

cumurbem, quam acce<strong>per</strong>at magnamj maximam reddidiflec, acque opulenciflimam, nec<br />

uno nummo fbrcunas fuas reddidit ampliores. Neque Arifliides juflus, ic Epam<strong>in</strong>ondas<br />

Jufl<strong>in</strong>. l. Deus, Lycurgus autem Servator appellaci !unt divitiis abundantes : fed quiacenuivircuce<br />

2. Vd. concenciGrcEcije<strong>in</strong>bonumfeexercuerunc. Vicam qu<strong>in</strong>iplamnonneCodrus fuisproAche-<br />

J/


Philofophico - Politica. 21,<br />

Condufio fecunda. Capra falcans, qux a Grcecis oli^ appcllatur , eft Mcteorum<br />

igneumfuprenTiregionisacnSifiguru&rublultufimilicud<strong>in</strong>em habens vercEcapr:e (altantis,<br />

ideoque a barbula


<strong>in</strong> Ar-<br />

cad. refc<br />

rente Ptt-<br />

rit.l.7.de<br />

re^no.<br />

22<br />

Metcorologia<br />

& afpirantibus favoniis itiollis foem<strong>in</strong>a jocatur. Omnivento velaaptare, &ubi tmTOathti<br />

impendentia mala tibi volunt malum fi:angere> remurnqueexcutere ibi<br />

:<br />

^P^^^^^Jf'^?";],„:<br />

re, hic opus,hic labor eft. CurtiusGonzaga CafWionts Marchio epigraphen ad^eci^^^^^^^^<br />

lomar<strong>in</strong>o: Skqmefio. NameaBellua, dumtcmpefhs eft , lupraScopulumllertit, ac dm^<br />

rniTplacidiffiml Infremat coelum,procellas moveat, fradus il abatur orbis : ridetPoUti-<br />

ZS^ctadit.necccdit: Columna eft. EftAlexander <strong>in</strong>tcr fpicula, Mithndates mter cate-<br />

n... THe enim aoerto marte Bellum adm<strong>in</strong>iftrabat, <strong>in</strong>tet hoftiles phalanges immotws. Ifte<br />

^'^<br />

Sen?ebellislacesfitum refpice: pugnavit ut Leo, ftetit ut columna, fub<br />

dmlo 5ff/e beUavit plus quam Hercules: nec emm Hercules<br />

contra duos.<br />

QUiE-


Philofophico-Politica. 23<br />

iESTIO III.<br />

QU<br />

Dc Cajloret ^olluce , ^<br />

Helena, Item de Stella dijcurrente ^<br />

volaute&' cadente.<br />

COnclufio prima. Caftor , Pollux ic Hclena funt ignes apparentes fu<strong>per</strong> mare <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>fimaregioneaeris&parumfublimes<br />

(prcefertim urgente tempeftate) & quando b<strong>in</strong>i<br />

quidemerantignes,appellabanturetl<strong>in</strong>icaru<strong>per</strong>ftitione ab antiquis Caftor &c Pollux,<br />

Credebantenim nautce, eaNum<strong>in</strong>alibi <strong>in</strong>tcmpeftatibus auxiliofbre. Undc felix omen<br />

habebant, ciim gem<strong>in</strong>s ha: tlammulx tranftris <strong>in</strong>lidere cernerent. Qn^ando vero unicus<br />

tantum apparebatignis,appellab3ntHelenam, & pro <strong>in</strong>taufto om<strong>in</strong>e habebant. Ita referC<br />

Pl<strong>in</strong>ius lib. 2. c.37. b<strong>in</strong>os n jnc Hifpani Siculi , <br />

cumhiigncsfiveb<strong>in</strong>i,fivetcrniantennis&: tranftris vel aliis navis partibus quierd <strong>in</strong>hserent,<br />

omen f eTix poteft efTc pacifics tempeftatis & aeris pacati & conquiefi;entis ; Hoc <strong>in</strong>dicare vo-<br />

luitSenecalib.a.c.i./«wrf^«4,<strong>in</strong>quiens,r(rw/)r)?rfrerf^/).«rf»f^«.«/J"j?r//iC vdo <strong>in</strong>ftdentes\ exiflimant Je<br />

tunctdjuvarifericlitantes PoUttcis&CaftorisNtim<strong>in</strong>e-, caujavero meliorisfpes eftiCjuodJAm apparet franqt<br />

tempeftattm&ventosdef<strong>in</strong>ere. Quandovero flammce hac, illacquc jadbatx divagantur, trepidantmeritonaut:e,quia<strong>in</strong>dicantventos,aurasqueagitatas,caufaverohorumigniumfunthumiditates<br />

fpirituolx e.x mari tempeitaie agitato elatit , collats & accenlie.<br />

Concluliofecunda. Stelladifcurrenseftexhalatio oblonga cont<strong>in</strong>enter acccnfa; ncc<br />

enimflammamovetur,fedquemadmodumcum filum, aut cuni candelae pauloante exc<strong>in</strong>-<br />

^x fumus ad fu<strong>per</strong>poftcam flammam alterius candelx accenditur, non defcendit flamma , fed<br />

fumuslliccesfivdaccenditur. Aptioradhucfimilitudoeit,ficoncipiatur,pulvispyriuslongo<br />

ord<strong>in</strong>e <strong>per</strong> tcrram (em<strong>in</strong>atus accendi fecundiam unam extremitatem ; tunc cnim ignis a pr<strong>in</strong>-<br />

cum tamen reveranondifcurrat<br />

cipio <strong>per</strong>totamferiemufqueadf<strong>in</strong>em difcurrere videtur ,<br />

primus ignis de loco <strong>in</strong> locum, fed fem<strong>per</strong> novus ac novus producatur cont<strong>in</strong>uata ferie.<br />

Quandoquetamcnglobulushalituofus<strong>in</strong>flammatur , & revera abuno<strong>in</strong>alium locum<br />

fertur,pabu!iquefuivenamfequitur. Vidctur autem totusvix tradlus accenfus eadem de<br />

caufa, quaceleriter titio accenfus rotatus igneum circulum exhibet , quiaoculusdifcernere<br />

ncquitvcIocitatemtantarrv,fedvidctfimul,undeexierit,&: quoprovenerit, ut <strong>in</strong> titione circuma(5to.<br />

Conclufio tcrtia. Stellacadenseftexhalatio accenfa, qux furfum enitens, aeris frigidirefiftentiaviolenterrepulfa<strong>per</strong>anti<strong>per</strong>iltafimaccenditur,<br />

&c dcorfim refilit, ita ut emifli S<br />

Su<strong>per</strong>iorilocojaculi,autglobuliigniti excusfi Specicmreferat,aut ftellamomn<strong>in</strong>oexfirmamcnto<br />

prolabentem alpctftui hom<strong>in</strong>um rcpra;fentcnt. Quod fi hsec exhalatio nulla re refiftente<br />

<strong>in</strong> altum evolec, Sydus volans five accendens dicitur.<br />

ConclufioQtJarta. ImpresfioneshiEignejBnongcnerantur<strong>in</strong> fuprema aeris rcgione,<br />

fcd<strong>in</strong>fraeam, Ratiocft, quia<strong>in</strong>fupremanequenubes funt, qua: exhalationem fuccenfam<br />

rcpcllant,nequetantaip(iusaerisfrigiditas, ut <strong>per</strong> anti<strong>per</strong>iftafim cfficere queat, fa-pc etiam<br />

nonlongeanobisficri,exeop3tct, quodfub<strong>in</strong>dead terram usquedeciderevifk f<strong>in</strong>t, refolut£E<strong>in</strong>materiamvifcofam,Iubricam&<strong>in</strong>modumf<strong>per</strong>matis<br />

ranarum compadtam, illi prorlus<br />

(imilem , <strong>in</strong> quam Robcrtus a Fl uth refolutum vidit ignem fatuum , de quo <strong>in</strong> fequentibus.<br />

Conftrmat vic<strong>in</strong>itatcm hanc Arift. lib 1. M etcor. text. 22. cx velocitate motus <strong>in</strong>quiens: Omnia<br />

4utcm hdcfnb lunafiHnt. Signum antem eji apparcns ipforttm veloctias ^ fmilis exijlens iis , cju£ a »0his<br />

projiiiuntur : ^ux qniaprope nosfunt , multum videntur velotitate prtter^edi & ajlra , & Solem & Lu.<br />

nam.<br />

Quxres primo. Cur motus ftellarum iftarum <strong>in</strong> f<strong>in</strong>e plerumque fit tardior ? Refp,<br />

primo^ <strong>in</strong>terdumeasfoliimapparenter tardiusmoveri ob rationem opticam , quiafcilicec<br />

dumferunturmotu adhorizontem noftrum parallclo,


24 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

QuJEres fecundo : quid prjenuntiant. Refp. juxta quorundam op<strong>in</strong>iones plerumque<br />

ph:EnomenahiEctempeftatespr£eragire;rationemdant,e6qu6d denotent acremmulta exhalatione<strong>in</strong>f'e£tumefre,&quacunqueexparteprocurrunt,<br />

ab<strong>in</strong>de ventos expeSandos efle.<br />

ProbabiliustameneftexmentePtolomiei centiloq. Aphorif ^g.ficcitatemngnificire, unde<br />

»erisfalubntaspotiusexpe6tanda erit ad mentemHippocratisj.Aphor.ifi.<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Amore fimul , & timore praefit.<br />

NExis<br />

fem<strong>per</strong> manibus <strong>in</strong>ccdat cum Amore Timor.<br />

m<strong>in</strong>a,neque fudo fem<strong>per</strong> coelojocari Pontus folet»<br />

Neque coclum fem<strong>per</strong> m<strong>in</strong>ari ful'<br />

Unum altero rem<strong>per</strong>are Sapicntis<br />

eft. Amantem te timeant ; m<strong>in</strong>antem ament.<br />

Itaad clavum fedeat amor Navarchus, utProramagat Timor ; mutuisque auxiliis<br />

Reipub. navim moderentur. Adverfus ceftum fi expands velis prog\edi , antennse <strong>in</strong>-<br />

fideat amor, quiCaftor fit ; & alum occupetTimor» qui Pollucem agat. Maximum navigiimalumi<br />

malo fialterutcr abfit, autAmor, autTimor. Sem<strong>per</strong> <strong>in</strong>malacia carbala exphcare,<br />

<strong>per</strong>iculofiimeft: quomodoenim remum diriget, fi fyrtes &ScylIx afilirgant , qui<br />

timore caret. Sed neque fecuros naufragii vedores faciet Clasfiarius, fi ipfe ad quamvis<br />

procellamtimiduscont<strong>in</strong>uoalios <strong>per</strong>cellat timore f Caftorem agas , fednonf<strong>in</strong>e Polluce :<br />

alterf<strong>in</strong>ealtero <strong>in</strong> mollem foem<strong>in</strong>amabit, 6c Helenam <strong>in</strong>duit : atque dum fola hsec facula<br />

velutfirencumnavigioludit, <strong>in</strong>prxcipitia&charybdcsimpellic, Amctfuos, qui Reipubl,<br />

archithabffus audit, fedita,utnonpr£E(ummat: regat timore, ita, ut non def<strong>per</strong>enc. NequeNerofit,nequeNerva:<br />

iftemollisnimium, illecrudelis, Rex Joanncs Portugallia: IL<br />

quoti


Philofophico-Politica. 25<br />

quodplusccquo fcverusfuerit, populo <strong>in</strong>vifum fe tecit, amorcm non habuic. Et ccqu^ cruentum<br />

tuitRegisHenriciquarti im<strong>per</strong>ium, quod amoris luxati curliam nelcierit timoris lupatiscont<strong>in</strong>ere.<br />

CaditIm<strong>per</strong>ialiscurrus,ubiPhactiion amoreregicncfcitfra-no moderari.<br />

Nimioenim amorcvitiishabenxlaxantur,nimioterrore porta it^naviit a<strong>per</strong>itur,autdef<strong>per</strong>a'<br />

tioni. (iualipartesejusdemcorporishxb<strong>in</strong>jereg<strong>in</strong>itvirtutesfunt; necunquamunaiftarum<br />

utiliceat^quamutneortlndaturaltcra. Nihil<strong>per</strong>nicioliusGubernatorc, ultra quam par eft<br />

amante, Nervx tcmporibus dicere [blk:bMZ:p€ji4sijfcj!il>iali,i£ere-,cjmitaamat., Htomnia<strong>per</strong>mit'<br />

taf^cjH.imejuiita terret^ut nilul. Opc<strong>in</strong>uimmixtumcx calido&humiLio;utfim<strong>in</strong>aspluit,(imul<br />

amoris tavillas fundat politicus. Nimius amoris ardor conlumit j timoris gelu ftupelacit; medio<strong>in</strong>cediturtucius.<br />

Ama,&cerre,&amaberisaccerreberis.<br />

QUiESTlO IV.<br />

^De igne lambeme,<br />

OBfervatumhaud<strong>in</strong>frequcntertumveceri, tummoderna JEtatc & hom<strong>in</strong>um capitibus<br />

(Scveftimencis, & animaliumpilisaliisque rebus <strong>in</strong>noxie adha-liftc ignem, quem id-<br />

circo non adurentem , led lamhentem dixcre, qui vcteribus quidcm maximum felicita-<br />

tis tuerat pralkgium, de hoc igitur (it<br />

Conclulioprima." Ignislambensnihilaliud eft, quam Hammagenicaex rara fubtilique<br />

exhalacionc, vel ctiim ex Spiricibus calidiorum animalium, qux dilpcrlu <strong>per</strong> aercm corum<br />

aliquandocapillislolcc<strong>in</strong>hxrere. Non eric hxc fiamma urcns pb raricattm&tcnuitatem,<br />

quemadmodamflammav<strong>in</strong>iardentisurendivimnonhabet. Contigillcid Alcanio Julo &'<br />

sexftliot<strong>in</strong>git Mancuanus lil:).2. .^ncidos:<br />

Eccelevisfummo de verticevifiis Jttli<br />

Ft<strong>in</strong>dej-eli/ifiefiafex, tafluciiie iunoxia molU<br />

Lambere fla<strong>in</strong>macomas ,


26<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Opponestamen, caufamhanc allatam<strong>in</strong>flammationisvalere quidem probabilitcr m us<br />

cafibus, ubiprscalidumtem<strong>per</strong>amentum , complexio ignea, & excefllis <strong>in</strong>terniaeflus affi-<br />

gnabilis eft,quilocumnonvideturhabere<strong>in</strong>pueris, puellis,telibus, aliisque multisanimalibus.<br />

Refpondeo, valde credibileeire<strong>in</strong> his & limilibus non fem<strong>per</strong> fieri <strong>in</strong>flammationem><br />

fedfbliimadrpeciemignislambentislucemquandavnapparere. tlnde fit<br />

Concluliotertia. Sspefpiritus&exhalationes erumpentes ex animalibus tantiim lucem<br />

prcefeferunt,non flammam. Sic nitedula: (eu cic<strong>in</strong>del;e,quse a Grsecis Lampyrides appellantur,humoremfpirituorum&:effluviumexhalationisemittunt,<br />

&retrahunt, proutpro ar-<br />

bitrio fuo magis vel m<strong>in</strong>us illullres apparere deliderant. Idemjudicium efto de felibus (upc-<br />

riiisadduftis^Iuxenimduntaxatepilorum


Philofophico-Politica. 27<br />

SEmftr fortuni magm comes eft adiiUtie-, ait Vellejus Paterculus. Inter ipfos (atellitum eafcs<br />

mcdius <strong>in</strong>ceditafTentator: 6c dum omnes a<strong>per</strong>to Marteadverfari<strong>in</strong>udo lerro arcentur,<br />

folus domefticus <strong>in</strong>imicus vagatur immunis, quia eit <strong>per</strong>lbnatus amicus. Quam<br />

regiam purpuramnonarrodit t<strong>in</strong>ea illa ? ecquod lceptrum iixc teredo non exedit 1 etiam<br />

altislimascedroshsc lues <strong>per</strong>vadit. Non ni<strong>in</strong>us <strong>per</strong>iculi ab his palponibus,quam ab armis<br />

hollium. SxpiusRegumopesafTcntatioevertit, quamholtis, ut notat QJJurtius. CambylenRegemConfiiiariorumlarvatablandimenta<strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>arunt<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>ceftum.<br />

Stratoclis blandi-<br />

tixDemetrioSanctiflimiscoloribus<strong>in</strong>ju(tilITmatac<strong>in</strong>ora<strong>per</strong>rua(erunt. Ellpro<strong>in</strong>de adulatio pj^^^ f^<br />

<strong>per</strong>petuavitiorumaltrixabAmmiano Marcell<strong>in</strong>ojurenom<strong>in</strong>ata: benequeGrxcorumPhilo-^)^^;,^,<br />

IbphorumprodigiumBiasapudPIutarchumrogatus, qua:nam cmnium maximd noxia Beftia<br />

fhret ; relpondit : Inter cicurts aduiator ; Amicos referunt : verum , nonfacite ejl eodtm<br />

&amico, &adul.ttort uti, aitGallus Cxfar^VibiusFrebonianus. Pr<strong>in</strong>cipisbonumfequcerere<br />

t<strong>in</strong>gunt : verum adulatores lijorum Dom<strong>in</strong>oRim non tamarrifores, quam arrofores c^Lq-,<br />

Senccapronunciavit. Pnncipes,quiadulatorumcoronac<strong>in</strong>di<strong>in</strong>cedunt , qualiter vivuntj<br />

Jicut vituU<strong>in</strong>ttr lupos , aitCratesThebanus. Senatus ac Curia, <strong>in</strong> qua adulatores confilia di-<br />

cunt, qualiterftat 1 Rdpublicitmaximamcalamitatem aJferre felent , Cracorum difcrtijjimus affirma- Demofth.<br />

viti icko er2,o,Vo\'iticeh\s mclUtis laqueisi ut vocatDiogenes; hispatrit. ac virtutis <strong>in</strong>imicis , ita fhilip. 3.<br />

aPiutarchodcrcriptis; his Feris humanogeneripeftilentlbus , Ut PlatO loquitur ; his corvis mtntis o-<br />

culos cxctcantibus-, utEpiftetus nom<strong>in</strong>at, obviare. Neque quia fplcndent utaurum,eis cre-<br />

das : nequequiaTe,utHe(<strong>per</strong>us(bIcm fequitur,ames. Sub flellati enim zelipalliotua ve-<br />

Higia olculatur, manus bafiat, aures mulcet , placitaloquitur, domus Limenlambit : fed<br />

numideocanistelisamicuseft,quiaIambit &: l<strong>in</strong>git ^ dentem hoflilem, n.aturam adverfariam<br />

nutrit: l<strong>in</strong>git, t<strong>in</strong>dem fataliter flr<strong>in</strong>git.. Vat<strong>in</strong>iustibieft , tafc<strong>in</strong>at oculos, vcrborum<br />

lenoc<strong>in</strong>iisaurcsmcntemque<strong>in</strong>toxicat. Illudrciasimprimis ,nonomnemIucem natureeoptimx<strong>in</strong>dicemefic;<br />

namtScIignaputridalumenfub noftem fblent fundere,


28<br />

Metcorologia<br />

tionibus ficcis.Explicacur hoc exemplo pulveris pyrei iiumefa£ti,qui accenfusftrepitum edit»<br />

&c libilum ob contrarietatem liumoris cum igne.<br />

Quxres fecundo. Cur copiofiores Dracones volantes (peclentur celtatcquam hyeme,<br />

Refpondeo, idfieri,quiaa'[late cbpiofiorcs exhalationes , ob majorem caloris <strong>in</strong>tenfionem<br />

<strong>in</strong> fij<strong>per</strong>ioremaetisregionemevehuntur. Necrefert,qu6dhyemis tempore pluresvapores<br />

lenfibus<strong>in</strong>currant,dumpa(Iimeloquenciumvelanimalium ore copiofos llimare halicuscernamus,cont<strong>in</strong>githocpropteraeristi:igus,quod<br />

halitushos conftr<strong>in</strong>git, 6c condenfat, quos<br />

calorjefl;ateade6rarefacit,(3cextenuat, ut vifiimlateant, donec <strong>in</strong>media regione aeris rurfusa<br />

h-igorecondenfentur,&:vel<strong>per</strong>anti<strong>per</strong>iftaf<strong>in</strong>, vel<strong>per</strong> nubium occurfiimvel impetum»<br />

ut di61;um eft , accendantur.<br />

QujErcstertio. Quidportendat hocMeteororum genus. RefpondetFromondus, draconeshos<br />

volantes figna efle peftilendx, & morborum, quia aerem multis exhalationibus<br />

<strong>in</strong>teftume(reoportet,uttantEemolismeceora generencur. Su<strong>per</strong>fticiofiim vero eft, crederehoscicramorcis<strong>per</strong>iculum<strong>in</strong>tuer<strong>in</strong>onpofTe,<br />

multienimhos fpedarunt, Sc fii<strong>per</strong>ftites vi-<br />

vunt.<br />

tive.<br />

QuKres quarto : An etiam ars draconem volancem xmulari valeat. Refpondeo affirma-<br />

Sumeenimoblongascorrigias,has<strong>in</strong>aquavitK (<strong>in</strong>qua tamen antea camphora fueric<br />

refoluta) macera ; de<strong>in</strong>far<strong>in</strong>apyriipulverisconf<strong>per</strong>ge,accenfasqueexeditodimitte> 6c draconemvolantem<br />

expreflifti.<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Caliimniis ne v<strong>in</strong>caris.<br />

AfetM


Philofophico-Politica. 29<br />

MEtAcalumniMtium fu»t viri<strong>in</strong>aplce conHituti, adeo^ue fere nemo efl Mapiattm-, quem non gra- Dio Cap<br />

ziif.i.maferlhirigat. Vobncl<strong>in</strong>gua', verba uc lagittas emutunt , altiora petunc : 6c utfn^^ioS.<br />

Soicubis acpcrlpicillisexum<strong>in</strong>acur, quoadmaculare<strong>per</strong>iacur: ita, qui <strong>in</strong> rcpub.velut CapitoUn.<br />

Lum<strong>in</strong>ariamagnalucent,omnium(L<strong>in</strong>tjudiciisexpoliti, ut crimcn<strong>in</strong> iis notetur, quo <strong>in</strong>le- <strong>in</strong>Aaton.<br />

rioribus calun<strong>in</strong>ix- anla projiciatur. Etiam dum bcnelaciunt , pellimc denigrantur. Bene<br />

Alexander ilie 0$c trophxis Magnus : Rcgiumefl, cnm bcne feceris , male aiidire. Cum re-<br />

ttilTimus licbaculus, eumaqua<strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>ac &c curvum reprx'(t;ntac : Sic quadam re'ciiffim


30<br />

Metcorologia<br />

Conclufjotertia. Locusignisfatu<strong>in</strong>aturaliselt <strong>in</strong>fima aeris Regio. Frequentius veroapparcreloient<strong>in</strong>locis<br />

ck regionibus caiiclioribus, quam trigidioribus. Unde <strong>in</strong>HifpanicEmontibuspIuresaliquandoaviatoribusdeprelienduncur.<br />

Simiiitcr<strong>in</strong>iEtiriopia campellria<br />

loca lub<strong>in</strong>de tota nod« haud lecus , ac coilucentibus Itellis referta , conipiciuntur. Nec<br />

dubitatSchottusPhyl^cur.i. ii.part.2, c. 9. qu<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> littoraiibus regionibusterrceAudralis <strong>in</strong>-<br />

cognita: , maxime<strong>in</strong>regione, quamvocant Del Fuogo, ignes iiujusmodi terruer<strong>in</strong>t accedcntes<br />

olim Lulitanos 6c Hifpanos. Solent etiam ficquendores ad iurcam, 6c loca reorum<br />

fuppliciis<strong>in</strong>iamiaapparere, uti&cxmeteriis,quiacorpora etfi defbfia p<strong>in</strong>gues halitus con-<br />

t<strong>in</strong>uo exhalant, &materiam opportunam hisignibus fuppedicant, H<strong>in</strong>c templa, cryptis <strong>in</strong>a^diiicata,tebricitantibusnoxia,(Schabitacionemadca;meteiiam<strong>in</strong>usfalubremeileMedicido-<br />

cent. Llniverfimveio amanthiignescircapaludes,cloacas,'& qua;vis locaulig<strong>in</strong>oia,fli]phu-<br />

i-eam acfiicile<strong>in</strong>tlammabilem,craHamtaiTien&gravcm maceriam exha!anti3,copioIiores fe<br />

cxhibere, quodmajoribidem p<strong>in</strong>guium 6c vilccfbrumhalituum, undeenafcifblent,copia<br />

cxhalet.<br />

Quxresprimu. Queccaufafitmotiis, &: curfitationishorum ignium ? Refpondeo effe<br />

aerem, levesenimcum l<strong>in</strong>taquovis aurs motu veluti proprio iliorum vehiculo rapiuntur.<br />

H<strong>in</strong>cfiquis <strong>in</strong>eamparcemamljulec,ubiillilucent, ftacim ad motum fcilicetimpulfiaeris ante<strong>in</strong>fequencem<br />

fugit.LIbt vero hicaverfb it<strong>in</strong>ereabire occipit,fluxu ejusdem aeris,poft tergum<br />

fugitivi coeuntis, abeuntem <strong>in</strong>fequitur* Llnde hom<strong>in</strong>es , hujus rei ignaros , ftepe <strong>in</strong>latuarunt.<br />

ConfirmathocFromondus cxemplofuiafl<strong>in</strong>is: Redibat isnocteoppidoVifeto Haccuriam,<br />

tequali<strong>in</strong>terLeodium&MofxTrajeiSumdiftantia. Eteccemediocampocircumvolanttres,<br />

quatuorve tacux ejusmodi fices, Perterritus abjicit fe illicb <strong>in</strong> terram, <strong>per</strong>manent tamen illse,<br />

& uno, autalcero paffu ab illo diflantes fixje & immobiles circumlucent. Ciim diutius terrae<br />

<strong>in</strong>ha:reret& <strong>in</strong>vocaretDEIopem,abfiIiunt<strong>in</strong>dedimidioamplius milliari. Exlurgittumquafi<br />

Iiber,videtquetransvolaffeMofam, fed ecceduos,auttrespaffus conlecerat, revolantdcre-<br />

pcnC(^&: c<strong>in</strong>gunt,utprius; ibiipiemajoriterrore<strong>in</strong>terram recidercccepic , & <strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>acipro-<br />

cubitu tam diu fatigari donecrurfum l<strong>in</strong>ereditu ditfugerent. Similiad' alii paflim it<strong>in</strong>erantes<br />

ex<strong>per</strong>ci, quihorumigniumafpcdtu<strong>per</strong>territiredafead deft<strong>in</strong>ata loca tendere op<strong>in</strong>antes, reverfifunteo<br />

rurlus , undeprotedi funt,<br />

QiKEres fecundo. Quidecausa quandoque hi ignes fakitare, fubfilire, nec non , uc<br />

Cardanusobfervat,ttre<strong>per</strong>e,&voceshumanisnonnihiiaft<strong>in</strong>es edere advercantur. Relpond.<br />

Fieri<strong>in</strong>prim.ishuncfaltumobdeciduas guctas antelucani roris, quibus flammula: hce depri-<br />

de<strong>in</strong>deverorurius<strong>in</strong>ltauratisviribus ex<strong>in</strong>nata igni natura rurlum eJu6tantur; pa-<br />

muntur ;<br />

riter ftrepitum, «Scfbnum<strong>in</strong>ftarvocisexdemrorisantelucanigutta;, dumlii<strong>per</strong>hosignes depluunt,efFormant<br />

; nonfecus,acquandoflamma lcvi<strong>in</strong>f<strong>per</strong>fione aquce iiricatur, ftrepitum<br />

cdit,vellignarecenti3focooppofit3,<strong>in</strong>licumhumoremnonabsquehlluiacione ad vocis gementisimitationemexfLidant.<br />

LIndefabulaeft,quocredu!isquibusdam<strong>per</strong>lLiafum efl, animasdefundlorumiisflammis<br />

circumdatas expiari atque purgari.<br />

Qa.Tres tertio. Llnde fiat,quodhom<strong>in</strong>es harum ilammularum du6tu <strong>in</strong> praecipitia vel<br />

flum<strong>in</strong>a <strong>in</strong>cidant? Refpondeo,cijmadprxcipitiaducunt-, cont<strong>in</strong>gereidfoietideo, quod aer,<br />

dura <strong>in</strong>flar vorticis huc illuc vo!utatur,cciam hos igncs aLcrah2t,& <strong>in</strong>fequentes proecipites agat;<br />

dum verb ad flumlnarapiunc, fic , quia hcec curfu luo aeremaccrahunt, cui ignes <strong>in</strong>cumbunt,<br />

<strong>in</strong>de & fium<strong>in</strong>a fequuntur. Fieri tamen etiam poteft, ut <strong>in</strong>feltus ubique faluci noftras Diemon<br />

&:tenebrarumfpiritusfeimmifceat,&hifceignibusfub<strong>in</strong>deabutatur,utviator<strong>in</strong>odurno <strong>in</strong>fidiasflruat.<br />

Nemo ergo nifi fatuusfatuo ignianimum adhibeat fuum.<br />

Quceres Quarto. Numhiignesetiamquidportendant. Refjsondeo, fi folito frequentiores<br />

ardeant, aeris corruptionem <strong>in</strong>ducunt, generantur enim , ut ex didis conftat , ex materia<br />

Rilphurea, terreftri,combufta, quo aerem<strong>in</strong>ficerc&epidemiamcaufireapta tunt. Cceterumhxcetiamphcenomenatanquam<br />

impendentium malorum prarconcs Div<strong>in</strong>a Nemefis<br />

afTumerepoieft. RefertSchottusphyf^cur. L. 2. Cap. f. cum <strong>in</strong> Herbipolenfi Llniverfitate<br />

annoi65i. ptiblic^ Mathefim prolegeret P. Athanafius itirchertis , nofte quadam circa illud<br />

ipfumtempus, quoGuftaphusAdolphusSuecije Rex prcelio vicit prope Lipfiam Tillium ac<br />

Cxfareanos, evigilans <strong>per</strong> fisneftram <strong>in</strong> collegii atrium ac hortum defpicit, & ecce totum atrium<br />

luculenta flamma repletum, & <strong>in</strong> flamma milites <strong>in</strong>feftis armis congredientes videt. Territus<br />

hocfpedaculo,acftupefa6luscurritad Su<strong>per</strong>ioris cubiculum , ut excitatum e fbmno ad<br />

idem fpedandum deduceret ; fed veritus ne antequam eo <strong>per</strong>vcniret , oftentum evanefcerec,<br />

reditadcubiculum,numadhucduraret,expIoraturus;viditeadem, qutcantea; iterum ergo<br />

adSu<strong>per</strong>ioremcurrit, iterumqueutanteaeademdecaufaadcubiculum redit; Sed dum tertium<br />

fpeftat,evanefcit,narracpofterodie,additque magna affeverationejSuecum adventare,<br />

&Coliegiomagnamcalamitatemimm<strong>in</strong>ere; Eventusprot>avit omnia. Habeturtamen<br />

,<br />

hsec


Philofophico - Politica. 51<br />

hxc eadem flammula pro faufto quandoque om<strong>in</strong>e. Ad hoc facit quod idem cltatus Author<br />

,<br />

narratl.ii c.io.rt".?.Menis<strong>in</strong>SicUiapoftmagnos,calidos, &cont<strong>in</strong>uosahquot horarum flatuscertistemporibus<strong>in</strong>coemeteriotempliS.Agripp<strong>in</strong>xVirg,acMartyi-.munsEcclefice,actur.<br />

ris maenahom<strong>in</strong>umplebejorumlxtitia adha:retignis,quemvocant S.Agnpp<strong>in</strong>x,&margu.<br />

mentumeaudiiomnesdidilocicampanas,dumapparet,compullarelolent.<br />

OuceresQu<strong>in</strong>to. Quotemporehxcphcenomenaapparerefoleant, & quam diu. Ke-<br />

Ipondeo quoad^rimum, altate plurimum hxc cerni, tum enim majon vi fohs copiofior e terra,<br />

Sc paludibus exhalatio educitur. Pariter, autumnus <strong>in</strong> calidionbus locis horum Meteoro-<br />

rumteraxeft,quandonempe foliscalorvalidiorquidemeftadeliciendos , nonveroadaWu.<br />

mendos vifcofos halitus. Ad fecundum dico , ea fub<strong>in</strong>de ad aliquot horas durare, quoniatn<br />

materiatenaciorelt, quam ut ftatim abfumatur. Csterum abfumtis partibus fp<strong>in</strong>tuofis Sc<br />

glut<strong>in</strong>olis, reliqua materia pondere fuo decidit.<br />

-. .<br />

traconciavecoquatur,calid<strong>in</strong>aiituscamphoraECongregari


5'2 Mcteorologia >[<br />

<strong>in</strong> cafir.Ti deducitur. I^anesmresventm i,iflat^Jic ^Hhoshommesofimo : bene advertit Socrates.<br />

Socr. Tutius <strong>in</strong> plano Itationem Hges Policice, hic aut non cades, aut laplbs fi iueris , ceiebrum non<br />

spndStob, conteres. Siutl:"ulgurclares,<strong>per</strong>iculononcares, daturusnioxclades,quiav3poribus


Philofophico-Politica.<br />

55<br />

fonitu mobili ac fugaci <strong>per</strong>cipiunr. Quandoque tamen tonitru cont<strong>in</strong>uatum non eft, fcd<br />

echo refonans


34<br />

Metcorologia<br />

affl<strong>in</strong>ditur. Ratioverofecundihaudalia, quum accidentalis eft, nempe timor, &: metus,<br />

quolmbelliaha-canimaliaconicru<strong>in</strong>crebrclcente <strong>per</strong>celluntur.<br />

Qu,ceresqu<strong>in</strong>t6: Qujbustemporibustonitruamagis&viant? Refpondeo ,communiter<br />

^flate, velautumno, &. maximd polttranquillumantca coelum crebriora tieri tonitrua, eo<br />

tiuodmajorccaloreopusli;, uthalitus illiSulphurei nitroli, & bitum<strong>in</strong>oii attollanrur. Pl<strong>in</strong>iustamen<br />

hift.nat.l.z.c.f. vere &autumno, &:<strong>in</strong>iislocis,qua;<strong>per</strong>petu6vernanc, autautumnant,<br />

iiequentiiis tonitrua fieri docet , tbrte ex eo , qu6d his temporibus nubes adhuc t<strong>in</strong>c<br />

utcunque frigidse, & confequenter <strong>per</strong> anti<strong>per</strong>iftaf<strong>in</strong> halicus ignei <strong>in</strong>iilas recepta; <strong>in</strong>calef^<br />

cant, &:rarefiant. Cceteriimconftatex<strong>per</strong>ierttia, <strong>in</strong> calidioribus orbis partibusplerumquc<br />

tonarefiepiusobmajoremhalituumcopiam,qu2e<strong>in</strong>nubesrecipitur. Dixi plerumque, quia<br />

temporatonicruum , uci&tulm<strong>in</strong>um haud ubique terrarum eadem funt. Ita <strong>in</strong> Germania<br />

d<strong>per</strong>iore ceftate potillimumcont<strong>in</strong>gunttonitrua, rar6 ver6<strong>in</strong>vere,velautumno,nifi<strong>in</strong>ex-<br />

ituilliusj &:aci<strong>in</strong>itiumhujus,r3riflimeautem <strong>in</strong> Hyeme ; fi Tartariam Regni Mongal exci-<br />

pias, ubimixtisquandoquenivibusdicunturcaderefulm<strong>in</strong>a. In Sicilialtepe tonat, & fulm<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>hyeme,rarius<strong>in</strong>Kftate.<br />

InBelgiotonitrua, &fLilm<strong>in</strong>a <strong>in</strong> f<strong>in</strong>e veris , & <strong>in</strong>itio autumni,velexitUiEftatisfi-equentiorafunt.<br />

In Scythiaobtrigus, <strong>in</strong>iEgypto obnimiumardorem,vixullacont<strong>in</strong>gunttonitrua,uti<br />

&<strong>in</strong>Brafilia,tulguratamentantalunt, ut folem lucefii<strong>per</strong>are<br />

videantur. InAngliaquoquerar^ tulm<strong>in</strong>arefoletob mitiorem ca-li tem<strong>per</strong>iem ; licdtaliijudicenc,hocevenireaibliAngIicani,quodcretaceumeft<br />

, exhalationibus, qusfpiri-<br />

tus nitrolbs , acfulphureos vix habent admixtos. Econtra <strong>in</strong> feptentrionalibus partibus.<br />

Olao tefte, frequentifHma funt fulgura, fLilm<strong>in</strong>a, & tonitrua.<br />

QLTjeresSexto. Cur tormentorum bellicorum, bombardarum, aut campanarum fonitustempeftaresdir<strong>per</strong>gerefoleant^<br />

Refpondeo,fieri exeo,quodagr<strong>in</strong>tcrior vehementiori<br />

fonitucommocus. etiamfu<strong>per</strong>ioremcommoveat,&nubesvifcofis halitibus tbetas difcerpat,<br />

a«t difcutiat.<br />

Quxres Septimo : curfragoremnubisfubfequaturpluviaT Refpondeo, rationem effe,<br />

^uiaexconcutIionenubesdifrolvitur,<strong>in</strong>denubiumlapfusefticitur, ex quo imbres <strong>in</strong> terram<br />

profunduntur ; vel vero , quia nubes <strong>per</strong> anci<strong>per</strong>iftafim ad proprium frigus cunc fe fe reducen-<br />

tesfacilius <strong>in</strong> pluviam refolvuntur.<br />

Quseres oQiavo : Andtonitribusprognofticadefiimi posf<strong>in</strong>t J Refpondeo, Varii varid<br />

circa hancquceftionem AuthoreSop<strong>in</strong>antur. Ex mafut<strong>in</strong>o ventos, ex meridiano imbres ,<br />

maristempeftatem exvef<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>o ; ex hyberno ver6 ventorum frequentiam auguratur David<br />

Frcelich. Tonitrua orientalia efl^etauftaioccidencalia fore f<strong>in</strong>iftra , meridionalia denocare<br />

maris <strong>per</strong>ic ula , luem peftiferam feptentrionalia defignare op<strong>in</strong>at ur Leopoldus Auftriacus.<br />

Gardanuslib. unodefulgurecap. io.fulgura,<strong>in</strong>quit,'actonitrua valde noxia , fi pluvia non<br />

fuccedat; & quanto major, tanto tutior cft. Et ideo animum advertere decet, quanco<br />

plura&majora, &longiorafuer<strong>in</strong>t tonitrua,&fulgura, & quanto pluvis m<strong>in</strong>ores tiier<strong>in</strong>t,<br />

tantom3JoreseruntefFe£tus,&morbiacuti,&quanto fuer<strong>in</strong>cextra tempus, ut <strong>in</strong> protunda<br />

hyeme,caufamajor erit. Mizaldusdemiimobfervatfequentia: Si<strong>in</strong>januario tonuerit, pecora<br />

moriuntur & hom<strong>in</strong>es. In Februario auditui fuat noxia, mortem maxime divitum portendunt.<br />

InMartiopeftem&ventosvalidos. QiKEfiunt<strong>in</strong>Aprili, maricima<strong>per</strong>icula. Majaliapluviamcopiofam,&fercilitatem.<br />

Injunio pifcium & annonce copiam. In Julio arborum<br />

fterilitatem. InAuguftoferpentum excidium. In Septembrimagnas hom<strong>in</strong>um CcEdes.<br />

InOctobrivencos,tempeftates,frugum<strong>in</strong>opiam. InNovembrifrugum abundantiam,<br />

&hom<strong>in</strong>umhilaritatem. In Decembri concordiam populi,&omniabonaom<strong>in</strong>atur. Haec<br />

anveraf<strong>in</strong>t,exAuthore<strong>in</strong>quire , mihipleraquefu<strong>per</strong>ftitiofavidentur.<br />

Exdi(3:isconiges,quamvanaefuer<strong>in</strong>tpluresfententisveterumPhilorophorumde toni-<br />

tru. Anaxagoras enim & Empedocles dixerunt, illud non efTe aliud,quam crepitum ignis ext<strong>in</strong>ctiacircumfiifanubium<br />

aqua,ficut<strong>in</strong>je£taaqua<strong>in</strong>ferrumcandens, fumidus vorcex volvi-<br />

tur, fonitiisqueauditur. Faracelfus fieri tonitru voluit ex reflexione nubium a ccelo, id eft, reboationem,<br />

& velutecho effe vocis ad concavum coeli re<strong>per</strong>cufTEE. Bod<strong>in</strong>us a folis dxmonibusilludediautumavit.<br />

Contraeorumprimam fententiam eft, quod fit contra aurium judicium,<br />

audimusenim,cumtonat. <strong>in</strong>nubibuscorporum collifionem fieri potiiis,quam ignem&<br />

fpiritumext<strong>in</strong>gui,excujusext<strong>in</strong>ctione fonustancus nonfequerecur. Concrafecundameft,quodpotiusrifu,<br />

quamrefutatione dignafit, fi enim ftrepitus hic debet primum ad<br />

firmamenti concavum folidum (quod nuUibi eft) <strong>in</strong>deque ad nos <strong>in</strong> terram reflefti ; quantum<br />

temporis <strong>in</strong>tercedere deberet <strong>in</strong>ter corufcationem, aut fulgurationem vifam, & tonitru<br />

auditum, Contra tertiam funt rationesaddudtx pro<br />

conclufionibus noftris.


Philorophico - Pohtica.<br />

^ P P E N D I X,<br />

POflTe artcm imitari tonitrua,exhibuit quondam P, nofler Kircherus. Dum <strong>in</strong>tcr feflivos<br />

veluti beliicai um mach<strong>in</strong>arum mugitus holpices (uos graviter (alutavit. Accepit is globulosvitrcosnonmultumavel<strong>in</strong>namnucemqu3ntitate(upcrantes,<br />

quibus aquam nitrofamadmedictatem<br />

usq'ie<strong>in</strong>fudit,oritici6que bene occlufo ardentes prunas fubjecit. Calorc<strong>in</strong>terimmagismagisque<br />

<strong>in</strong>clufam aquam rarefaciente anguftiores fafti globulitanta yi<br />

ru<strong>per</strong>untvitrearcpaguia, utadtormcntitonitru fiagore proxime accederent. AtHnis huic<br />

ertalterapraxis,(<strong>in</strong>empeglobum velxneumvclterreum usque mediumaquarepletum ignt<br />

imponas,donecaerusquead (iimmamtenuit.itemreducatur; tum obturato , ne aertranipirarepofnt^foram<strong>in</strong>e,<br />

Jovifrigidoexponas, reducit fe paulatimtam aqua, quam aer ob circumfidenstrigusadconnaturalem<br />

fuumfbtum ,&condenfabuntut; metupro<strong>in</strong>dd vacuicx<br />

condcnfatione impendentis Splia;ra illa <strong>in</strong>genci ftrcpitu <strong>in</strong> mille partes difliliet.<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Confilia non f<strong>in</strong>t manca.<br />

PEr Confifium Respub. videt, (ed quid, fi manibus caret i videre , quS currus ftatiflicus dirigendus<br />

fit , & non ut expediatur , manus habere, eft currui fiacnum &c obicem ponere, Sagax<br />

<strong>in</strong> Conliliis prudentia necclfariam habec appcndicem diligentiam &c cxccutioncm. FidaConfiliariioculicomesmanusefLQ^uodmentis<strong>per</strong>fpicacitas,<br />

aut Confiliariorum fidclitas<br />

fuggcrtit , illico exequare. Carolus V. Im<strong>per</strong>ator gloriolidimus dicere fblebat , animam<br />

Ctn/iUitxecMtionemejfc j ambo autemi confilium


36<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Toiyh.l.^, IncafTum decreta f<strong>in</strong>fi eventu funt (ad quid enim fpeculatio f<strong>in</strong>e praxi) eventum profpcrat ><br />

de Rho - conliliuque manuducic obilctrix diligcntia. ^dByz.ay>tios Rhodii Legaui.n Aridicen dclegerunt<br />

^fidiis.<br />

r/tiiitjne cum eo Palemorle» cmifatmt tribus <strong>in</strong>flrptUum triremihus^tVokntcsfimHl&h.iflam&cadMcettm<br />

mittere ad fljz.antias ) ut fcribit Polybiua, Giduceo Confilium , haila o<strong>per</strong>atio delignatur.<br />

yanaenimfim viribus ira. Qups muroscontr<strong>in</strong>gcs, quamflragem <strong>in</strong> hofle excitabis, (i cxcosignes<br />

f<strong>in</strong>e globoemiferis. Nunquidfem<strong>per</strong>, quandoboatccelumilericV Scepemurmur<br />

<strong>in</strong>aneeit, tonat& (bnat,eft cymbalumt<strong>in</strong>niens. Stabit ad tormentorum mugitum hofti-<br />

lisacies, vanasque m<strong>in</strong>asridebit, quia globum non videt. Pau<strong>per</strong>tatem tuam delpiciet<br />

quiamunitioaecares;necpotes,quodvis, quianuHatibi<strong>in</strong>manibus vis,v/^fm;


Philofophico-Politica. 37<br />

lid£cabhumidisdivul(ae,ac<strong>in</strong>ter(econgregacx <strong>in</strong>fiammantur. Probatur lioc a paritatibus ,<br />

lic ligna conh-idione ignelcunt; lilcx chalybi allifus fc<strong>in</strong>tillaf, terrum li<strong>in</strong>a cxtrcitum ca-<br />

let.<br />

Ideoetiamalapatortioricxlisrc<strong>in</strong>tillxvidenturexoculisprorumpcrc, quia Ipiritus ca-<br />

lidi,vilionirerviences,alapxiCtu,(Scmanusallirxactricioneattenuantur, «Sc ab humidis lcpara-<br />

tx<strong>in</strong>acre uniuntur, d: luccnt. Sccundo fieri hxc accenlio poteil<strong>per</strong>Antipcriilal<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>trs<br />

tri!:;idjm nimisnubem, ut ex alibi didis (uthcienterpatet. Tertio motiis velocicacc, <strong>per</strong><br />

quam ignem poHe excitari, multo; contirmant cxptrientix. Sic de plumbo fagitta; alligaco<br />

telbturAriftoteles, illudobexcullilagitctvelocicatemliquefieri. H<strong>in</strong>c efFera gens Tarta-<br />

roru<strong>in</strong> redadluri ftamma <strong>in</strong> c<strong>in</strong>eres urbcs & oppida , lulphur S: corufca-<br />

tiones,f"ruclusredduntur<strong>in</strong>falubres, uti (Sc<strong>in</strong>v<strong>in</strong>eisvites llerilcs ob cadem maligna erfiuvia<br />

{"ulgurationum. Qiiodli vero clara funt tulgura, cenfentur <strong>in</strong>noxia. Mirabilem horum<br />

effcd-im <strong>in</strong>Muto<strong>per</strong>lanatorecu<strong>per</strong>ata ab<strong>in</strong>detelicicer voce recenfecVir clariftlmus Nico-<br />

laus TulpiusObierv. Med.l.i. c. 41. his vcrbis: joannes (cui muti cognomen impofuic <strong>in</strong>fortunium)petiturus<br />

Italiam <strong>in</strong>cidit <strong>in</strong>Piratas Turcicos, quorum Religioni nomen dare, cum<br />

renueret,adnilit'uiirehom<strong>in</strong>esferoccs, l<strong>in</strong>guam propterea radicicus cjusdemevellere , fed<br />

<strong>per</strong> plagam ex vulgi fencencia ("ub menco <strong>in</strong>flidam. Veriim ea crudelic.ice m<strong>in</strong>us ex voco ip(is<br />

iiiccedencedecruncarunttotamillam partem,qu3 l<strong>in</strong>gua hom<strong>in</strong>is volubilis eft,eaque adempta<br />

privaruntjuvenemomnivoce. QuatresampliusannoscumcaruilI"et, evenit tortc, ut <strong>in</strong>tempefta<br />

nocle admodum <strong>per</strong>celkretur ab <strong>in</strong>op<strong>in</strong>ato fulgure ; cujus <strong>per</strong>nicillimumlumen<br />

coelitus immilfum <strong>per</strong>ftr<strong>in</strong>xit usque eo pavidum iplius animum, uc <strong>in</strong>de ipfi non fecijs, ac olim<br />

Crocfifiliodifrolverecurviolentcrtenaxilludv<strong>in</strong>culum, quod ipfum fermonis ufu hadenus<br />

privaverat. FairusetiamTuIpioillcJuvenis, fc prot<strong>in</strong>us a fulguve <strong>per</strong>cepifTe majorcmmotum<strong>in</strong>mufculis<br />

l<strong>in</strong>gux, quafi fubl.ito jam <strong>in</strong>xquali illo Coalitu, quem fubmcnto rcliquerat<br />

vulnus,ibidema piratis ruditer fanatum.<br />

QuxresSecundo. Curpriusvideatur fulgur,quamaudiaturtonicru , cumtamencertum<br />

fic priiis heri tonitru,quam fulgur. Rcfpondeo rationem eire , quia l"pccies vilibilcs lura<strong>in</strong>istotomediopropagantur<br />

unico <strong>in</strong>ftanti, ciim nonhabcant Contrarium; audibilesautem<br />

fucceftivddeferunturcum mocu locali<strong>per</strong>aeris fludtuationem, &c quafi undationem , qux<br />

non nili cum longiori tempore fit. Sic etiam accidit <strong>in</strong> bellicis tormcncis, unde milices <strong>in</strong> acic<br />

ftacim acvident corufcacionem tcrmentorum , procumbunt fubito <strong>in</strong> terram; qua <strong>in</strong>duftriaCarolusV.<br />

diciturevafifTe mortem <strong>in</strong> obfidione MaflUix.<br />

QaxresTertio, Curfulgurfeucorufcatioquandoquevideatur f<strong>in</strong>etonitru ? Refpondeo.<br />

Ideadecaulafieri , quianubesadeoquandoquetenuis eft, ut exhalationi difcurrenti<br />

nonvaldeobliftat&nihilom<strong>in</strong>useamhabetconcretionem, quxadexcitandum ignem fuffi-<br />

ciat. Per tales corufcationes refrigerari etiamcoelumdicitur, utpote <strong>per</strong>quas cxhalationes<br />

calidacqux <strong>in</strong>terdiuaerem calefecerunCconfumuntur.<br />

QuxresQuarto. Cur f<strong>in</strong>^ fulgurc quandoque tonitru cont<strong>in</strong>git. Refpondeo, hoc<br />

cont<strong>in</strong>gere, velquia nubesabexhalationenon disrumpitur faltem verfuseas partes, quibus<br />

tcrramfpedat; vclquiaexhalationismatcrianonfem<strong>per</strong>adardorem concipicndum idonea<br />

E j<br />

eft<br />

,


38<br />

Mctcorologia<br />

eftobmultamadmixtamhumiditatem; vel demum , quia flamma propter nubium aliai-um<br />

craflarum<strong>in</strong>terpofitionem ab oculo removetur.<br />

Coliiges,dumnoctu(tcllatum<strong>in</strong>terdumcoclumfulgurat,m<strong>in</strong>imcidfieri f<strong>in</strong>e nubium Sc<br />

exhalationumconfliftu, patctenimex didtis, fulgura e nubibus procedere , nobis ob globi<br />

terraquei declivitatcm <strong>in</strong>vifiblibus,<br />

J P T E N T> I X,<br />

COrufcationem arte reprafentandi modum tradit Porta lib. 12, Mag. naturaH, c.ir. his<br />

verbis : (limatur quantitas <strong>in</strong>agna aqux vits opt<strong>in</strong>iie repurgato: , & <strong>in</strong> eam conjiciatur<br />

Camphora truftratim conci(a, qua; brevi fpatio <strong>in</strong> ea difTolvetur, hacdifToluta tene(tnt,&<br />

fores cubiculiclaudantur, neexha!ansvaporexrpiret,vas,quodaqu«vita; plenum eft , f<strong>in</strong>e<br />

fiamma carbonibus (ijbjeftis ferveat , uttota aqua <strong>in</strong> (Limum folvatur, qui cubiculum exp]eat,&adeo<br />

tenuiflimuserit,utvix con(pici polTit. Intretde<strong>in</strong>dealiquisaccenfa <strong>in</strong>mana<br />

candcla cubiculum, apparebit ipfi totum <strong>in</strong> flammis conftitutum. fi de<strong>in</strong>de <strong>in</strong> aqua vitae<br />

molcus , aut <strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>imum quid ambrz diffolvatur , poft flammam fuavifHmus odor fequc»<br />

tur.<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Armanonapprehendatnifi,coa(9:us.<br />


Philofophico-Politica. 59<br />

Cblnmad fnnt fcenii REgni & prxm<strong>in</strong>m. llbi cnim boni & mali funt , hisutrisque rcgcnda ^f.<br />

ellrcspubl. undcSolon ill.nn CivitMemoptime hubit.tri di.xit , i>i c^ua viros bonos honoribus aff- Jamb,<br />

d.contra iMp-obos panis-, mos fnerit. Vcium <strong>in</strong>gcnuis poena' loco ell vidcrc taciem hm Stob.firnf,<br />

pr<strong>in</strong>cipis. M<strong>in</strong>ari jH^cit. Nam&LeodumrugiCj <strong>in</strong>fugam holliliaanimalia conjicit,blan- +/.<br />

dientibusqueagncllib parcit, Ccelumque iplijm , non (em<strong>per</strong> dum fblgurat, tulm<strong>in</strong>at:<br />

Tcrruiireiaccft. Subdicipoenarumrei, lilLippliceshant, non (e<strong>in</strong><strong>per</strong> cxdendi funt. Et (i<br />

hollis<strong>in</strong>gcnuapvonus<strong>in</strong>duciaspccit, aut pal<strong>in</strong>odiam canit, noli (angu<strong>in</strong>em pecere. Opcimi<br />

viclorice pars c(t , Iblo <strong>in</strong>cuitu ejus cerv icem Ircgide. Notet,cui hununus <strong>in</strong> venis (anguis<br />

ftillac : Terrore meliHS ejfe hoflemdomarc-, qnkm pr.dio , ^iii ijitidem tcrror multis plus foene verisviribus fcftd [,<br />

profuit, aicVegccius. SicolimGcrmaniipsaplerumque tamabciiaprortigarunt^canitquedc^^.t^j/<br />

im<strong>per</strong>territo belliterrorcPocca :<br />

Prdcjue omnibns armis<br />

EtcanrurumopibiiSidextrisquc rcctntibusHnnm<br />

Sil Ital<br />

HannibalisJAt nomen cr.it i ,<br />

AlloquiturTrajanumPancgyrifta Pl<strong>in</strong>ius,atque adnom<strong>in</strong>isejus commendationem dignam<br />

a:vo fencenciam pronunciavit : Cum fcrociam Ju<strong>per</strong>biamque Panhorum ex proximo auditus PUn. <strong>in</strong><br />

magno terrore cohiberes., Rhenumque & Euphratem admirationis tuafama conjungeres Gloriodor vi- Panezir,<br />

ftoriaeft,ubif<strong>in</strong>e('angu<strong>in</strong>etriumphuscanitur. Palmaim<strong>per</strong>atoriaelt, qua'non cxhumano<br />

cadavereenaCcicur, led llndtumba virelcit. Marcianilm<strong>per</strong>atorislaudanda eltarmorum pi-<br />

cricia, folici icerarc: dum <strong>in</strong> pace ejfepojfumus, arma non <strong>in</strong>duamus. Hxc lem<strong>per</strong>v<strong>in</strong>cendi regu-<br />

la eft, femeltriumphandoicalibi nomenfeci(I'c,utdc<strong>in</strong>cepsm<strong>in</strong>andoarma jam pacem vi6l:oriimqueconciliet.<br />

QuoticsnomcnAlexandri(^'tama, maximum ucique <strong>in</strong> bcllo momentum,hoftes<strong>in</strong>fugam<br />

convertit 1 Sane prxtedtosDari<strong>in</strong>on tamarmis quam terrorcnom<strong>in</strong>is<br />

fuivicit. Tamenimdeviftoriaprxfcriplit, ut antcquamarmaacci<strong>per</strong>ecjamvidtoraudiret, q^^, / j.<br />

Nequc enim ejus potentiam fubtertugit, quem (iibjedtum voluit. Qualiter & ccelum , dum<br />

fulgurpncmittit, fcrirepoteftjlivult; ferirenonvult,(ifoioterrore<strong>per</strong>culfumhumiliat,utIub-<br />

ditusHat. Ergovidcmus,folocerroreBellaftarc,pacemflorere,darividoresf<strong>in</strong>e armis. Si<br />

vis v<strong>in</strong>cere-, cUmenter tc age, &dt civium nece ne cogita, monetEl. Fopifcus,<br />

QUtESTIO 111.<br />

Quid, ^ qtiotuplex ft fHlmen}<br />

POftfulgurfulmenfequicur, maximdvcrendummeteorigenus, ex quo div<strong>in</strong>^ potenti*<br />

visprxcipucelucelcit canente Pctronio:<br />

Primiis <strong>in</strong> «rbe Deosfecit timor : ardua caelo<br />

Eiilm<strong>in</strong>a cum t aderent , difiuffaque moeniafUmmis<br />

Atque i"Jmsflagrarct Athos.<br />

Exiftimatvulgusjflilmenenecorpusquoddamfolidumteliaccetifi<strong>in</strong>ftarexnubibus<strong>in</strong>terram<br />

cxcudum. Op<strong>in</strong>ioncmhancpictoresftabiliunt,fulm<strong>in</strong>antemJovemtrifulcojaculoarmatum<br />

ethgiantes. Veriim errorem prxfens qusftio explananda mox manitcftabit. Unde fit<br />

Conclufio prima ad mentem Philofophi. Fulmen eft exhalacio ignita enube magno<br />

impecuexcufta: liveucfufius&clariusexponacur, eftignis <strong>in</strong> exhaladone accenfus, &^nu-.<br />

bcvelutglobuscxcormentoxrcoexplofus. Nam dum exhalario illa vehementi agitatioftc<br />

majorem iocum qua:nt, fi <strong>in</strong>lerius nubem rumpit, eodem impetu deorfum verfus"teiTam<br />

r"^ A<br />

"^^'^ ^^ "^^^^ denfa &: coagment3ta,conftans parcibus benO coha.n-encibus,& velo-<br />

•<br />

•<br />

ciilur d eciam f crtur,non cxt<strong>in</strong>guitur <strong>in</strong> aere,ficut alia: imprefliones accenfiE , fed <strong>in</strong> terram de-<br />

tertur,& obviaquxque<strong>per</strong>rumpit &:difnpat.<br />

Exquohabesprim6,materiamfulm<strong>in</strong>is cfTe exhalationem fpirituofam ac fulphuream d<br />

rcbus(ublunaribusmaximenitro,fulphure, Ijsiritu m<strong>in</strong>erali & metallico cum analoeia pulveris<br />

p^Tii &aurx lulm<strong>in</strong>antis <strong>in</strong> nubes fublatam ; fulm<strong>in</strong>a enim ac tonitrua plerumque cont<strong>in</strong>gunt<br />

poftdies ferventiores, quibus plurimx exhaiationes fuSre extradtx acque <strong>in</strong> altum<br />

(ublatx. RatioverohujusmateriK deducitur primo ex eo, quod ca loca f<strong>in</strong>t potifHmum<br />

fubjecta fulmimbus , qux fod<strong>in</strong>as fulphuris & bitum<strong>in</strong>is habent; utCampania, ubi &<br />

hvemefuIm<strong>in</strong>ar,Lovanium,Infubria&maximeMudna, ubi Zibius monsnaphtamexftillat.'<br />

hx<strong>per</strong>tum (ehoceftbteftaturSchottuslib.ii.c. if. dumMjEnis&Calataierone<strong>in</strong>Sicilise urbibus<strong>in</strong>iEcnxign.vomimontisconfpcauhabitairetaffJrmans,<br />

fcnullibi camlrcquenciahorribilia,&<strong>per</strong>iculo(anotaflb<br />

tonitrua acfuim<strong>in</strong>a,quam.<strong>in</strong> prxdictisurbibusobeffluvia nempe<br />

Sulphurea


40<br />

Mctcorologia<br />

fulphureamontisiEtnce. Probaripoteft Secundo ex eo, quia, ut teftatur Fromondus Meteor.l.2.art.6.<br />

exSeneca,Pl<strong>in</strong>iOiiScex<strong>per</strong>ientiatefte, omnibus fulm<strong>in</strong>ibus <strong>in</strong>eft odorquidam<br />

fulphureus.<br />

HabesSecundo : Fulmennoneflelapidemigneexnubibus delatum , utvulgus putat<br />

apud Ariftotelem I.5. c. i.Ratioeft, quia alioqu<strong>in</strong> non eftet tam fiibtile, nec poftet corpora<br />

f<strong>in</strong>elxlionetrajicere,&<strong>in</strong>tuslatentiadisjicere, cum fbrmalapidis <strong>in</strong> tantatenuitatelervari<br />

nequeat.<br />

Habes tertio , Rejedtas Paracelfi , Pl<strong>in</strong>ii, Sc Bod<strong>in</strong>i erroneas degeneratione fulm<strong>in</strong>um op<strong>in</strong>iones,<br />

quorum primus fomniabat, DEUM <strong>in</strong> firmamento pofuifte (ijlphur, falem , 6c Mercurium,<br />

Secundddicebat: <strong>in</strong>ter aliasftellas eife quasdimilulm<strong>in</strong>ales, Iblum igneas, dc'que<br />

numeroaeflivarumvehementioresaliis; adco,utcumalixl<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>primo,alix<strong>in</strong> fecundo dcc.<br />

gradu , fiilm<strong>in</strong>ales fmt <strong>in</strong> trigefimo fecundo. Tertioajebat: <strong>in</strong> ftellisfijlm<strong>in</strong>alibuselfe (lilphur<br />

<strong>in</strong> fupremo gradu, falpeiram <strong>in</strong> (iimma p<strong>in</strong>gued<strong>in</strong>e,Mercurium <strong>in</strong> llimma contrarietate.<br />

Exhistribusconcludebat, tonitru, fulmen & tempeftates tiunt; Ita Paraceldis : quce retu-<br />

liffe, utjamexdicfispatet^refutafTeeft : Secundus docebat,tulm<strong>in</strong>aefledeciduostrium fu<strong>per</strong>iorum<br />

Planetarum ignes, Saturni <strong>in</strong>quam, Jo vis,&: Martis, &: ab iis exfpui cum crepitu , ut e<br />

flagrante igne carbo. Jovem tamen, qui <strong>in</strong>ter Saturnum & Martem eft medius, dici prxcipuumfulm<strong>in</strong>atorem.<br />

H<strong>in</strong>cfupponebKt,fteIIasvivere,vaponbuspafci, atque nutriri. Hcec<br />

ut prima a Paracelfo relata, patent primo <strong>in</strong>tuitu, figmenta &: fomnia effe. Tertius demum doquo-<br />

cebat, fulm<strong>in</strong>a a Doeraonibus fieriaera <strong>in</strong>colentibus, eo quod explicari rede non poilit ,<br />

modo exhalatio <strong>in</strong>u-a nubes accendatur, & <strong>in</strong>cenfa tantum fiagorem edat,cum nubes f<strong>in</strong>t corporamollia,<br />

humida, 6c facilecedentia. Hanc op<strong>in</strong>ionem pariter erroneameffe ex didis<br />

colligitur,&uIteriusmoxexdicendisconftabit. Coeterum fi maligni hi fpiritus fulm<strong>in</strong>um<br />

caufafunt, curapudnos nontulm<strong>in</strong>athyeme,<strong>in</strong>Regionibuscalidis xftate, cur non fereno<br />

coelo nifirarisfime, utprodigiiloco id habeatur J Non renuo quidem, quandoque hos ge-<br />

nios tum <strong>per</strong> fe, tum <strong>per</strong> magos excitare tempeftates


Philofophico-Poiitica. 41<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

SiEpeunius malitia Reipublicse excidiumefl:,ficut<br />

uniiis probitas falus.<br />

NOtaeftVirgiliicancntis lamentatione referta quajftio :<br />

Pallasjie exitrere clajjem<br />

Arghum, atque/pfos potuitjuhmergere Pofjto?<br />

Jiirias Ajacis OiUi.<br />

Unius ob noxam , &<br />

Unumpomumcentena <strong>in</strong>ficit: unaoviscentumconficit:<br />

Grex totus <strong>in</strong> agris<br />

Uniusfcabie cadit.<br />

Juft^cxteriterroreconcutiuntur,&:adfontesrecurrunt,quando proximus ardet tlca-<br />

Icgon. Serpitenimflamma, & vic<strong>in</strong>a quacque devaftat : ni providentia pnematura fopiatur.<br />

UnumpnEcipudccelodeciduumignitumfulmenoccuIta vi & contagione vaeatur, uc<br />

velunumrurticiat,junaam domui domum univcrfamque urbem c<strong>in</strong>erea ftrage <strong>in</strong>volvere<br />

/fjteid,<br />

Jnven,<br />

S«/?rc/>«;,«;autma!itio(usReipubl.Adm<strong>in</strong>iftrator,aut<strong>per</strong>verfusReeniConfiliarius,utcom- „, , .<br />

munebonum <strong>in</strong> cxcidium agatur. Plauto id aftbverante : CemexflorMHmeft, vel umus improhi IT "*<br />

[0C,etiis^,^H^ntHmdumnHm<strong>in</strong>tegri mHUitHd<strong>in</strong>ififi AttHUrit,& ufferrevoffiUta utvere aliauid malHmfitvi^ T<br />

anummMHm.Um chorda dilfona harmoniam <strong>per</strong>turbat:unus lapillus tot circum fe fluaus con- V * *<br />

nnua lerie excitat, ut lucidilllmum xquor, puriflTmum ^"<br />

illud fpeculum, contl<strong>in</strong>dat : Una nube-<br />

culaccelum <strong>in</strong> funasagit, ut totus fiderum fenatus <strong>in</strong>teft<strong>in</strong>a rebellione agitctur, Unusre»<br />

probus,quoredigitRempublicam? Hefioduscanat:


42<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Ufjius oh crmenpoejias ttrbstota rependit^<br />

Si quis Jacrtlegejefe gerat^ atque <strong>in</strong>jujie<br />

Jttpiter h<strong>in</strong>c coeloclades demittitab alto.<br />

Peftemjive famem.<br />

Sednequeprceclarc geftorum exe<strong>in</strong>pladefunt, quandounius virl virtus, aut confilium univerfamRempublicamrolidopedeftabilivit.<br />

Fadaaudi l juuus Epam<strong>in</strong>ondas Thebanos ad<br />

im<strong>per</strong>iumevexit, ut eum Agcfilaus, quantumvis hoftis , confpiciens exclamarit : O virHm<br />

Plmarch, ^''tg^ftficHnt. LtnusScipiolongum Romanorum cum Carthag<strong>in</strong>enfibus de im<strong>per</strong>io duellum<br />

<strong>in</strong> Rom. diremit, atqueRomanisafteruit,Catone<strong>in</strong> hunc militemillud laudis pronuntiante: Iftefaf!$<br />

^popht^ folits-i reltqHivelmumbravagamtr. Quem<strong>in</strong>Scipionem&Nfumant<strong>in</strong>i honorificumdidumderivarunt<br />

, <strong>in</strong>terrogati, cur Romanos Duce Scipione fugerent, quos ante fugarant J Quia oves<br />

cjnidem e^demfHnt^fedaliumhabent Paflorem. Plut. Auftriacum Pr<strong>in</strong>cipem Albertum nonprxterivero.<br />

HloBelgiumgubernante<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>axhoftis <strong>in</strong>pafta<strong>in</strong>duciarum promptd defcendit;<br />

& Religio Chriftiana ac Div<strong>in</strong>i Nom<strong>in</strong>is honor haud mediocre <strong>in</strong>crementum fumpfit ; (5c corrupti<br />

aulicorum mores <strong>in</strong> faniorem faciem redierunt. Ita unus multis fufficit , & fxpe rcgnumpendetab<br />

uno.<br />

QU^STIO IV.<br />

NOn<br />

An dettiv^ ^ qnid Ctt lafis fulmimus,<br />

faxcum aut metallicum nucleum necefte eft advocare ad fulmen explicandum,<br />

cujus nuclei <strong>in</strong>ter antiquos folus Avicennas mem<strong>in</strong>it. llnde 6c vulgi op<strong>in</strong>ioorta<br />

cenlensiulmenlapidemefrej enubibusevibratum. Non negaverim^^tamen , <strong>in</strong> nubibiislapidefcerepofte<br />

aliquod corpus, quod una cum fulm<strong>in</strong>e tanquam bombardie<br />

globus <strong>in</strong>terramexcutiatur, llndefit<br />

Conclufio. Probabileeft,darilapidemfulm<strong>in</strong>eum, qui quidem fulmen non fit , (ed<br />

alius effectus, ipfumquandoqueconcomitans. Ratiohujus eftprimo, nam fi adigncm ex<br />

fulphure, nitro&lutotieripotcftlapis duriflimus, Item, fiv<strong>in</strong>umduratur <strong>in</strong> tartarum &: <strong>in</strong><br />

hom<strong>in</strong>egeneraturcalculus ; cur id ipkun fier<strong>in</strong>on poftet <strong>in</strong> nubibus \ fimiliter multce exhalationes<br />

addenfantur <strong>in</strong> metalla,ut advertit AlbertusM. lib.^. trad^. ?. Cap. 75. & Georg<br />

Agricolalib. 4. de rerum fubterranearumortu, curigitur non idem praeftarepotueruntex-<br />

halationes <strong>in</strong>ternubes receptxj Secundo. Copiofam <strong>in</strong>tra nubes terreorum vaporum copiam<br />

cont<strong>in</strong>eri, aquapluviavafeexcepta docebit, cujus fundus terrcis fxcibus abundabit,<br />

ut pro<strong>in</strong>de lutum <strong>in</strong> lateres,ita terreie hte parces ignis potentia <strong>in</strong> verum lapidcm conflabuntur;<br />

^'^^i utteftatur Etfervus-, Serpentesanaturaedoftifunt folo halituefficere lapidem , longd<br />

fane faci.ius halitus <strong>in</strong> nube congregati lapidefcent. Tertio videmus , fuhn<strong>in</strong>a h<strong>in</strong>c <strong>in</strong>de dilcurrere,<br />

&rel<strong>in</strong>quereveftigiacurfus ; hac <strong>in</strong>trare, illuc exire, a loco<strong>in</strong> alium fi;r<strong>per</strong>e, &<br />

mille mieandris <strong>per</strong> domus , <strong>per</strong> templa, huc illuc vagari, ac tandem terris fe ablcondere.<br />

lIndeva!depiobabileeft,fulm<strong>in</strong>a, qucenonpenetrant, fed tercbrant &: diifundunt, fxpenumero<br />

lapidem vehere, quem cuneum vocant. Dixi f^pdnumero, ncque enim id fcm<strong>per</strong><br />

cont<strong>in</strong>gerced:imtunc, quandotamluculentaveftigiapoflfijrel<strong>in</strong>quit fiilmen, nam tatiseft<br />

adillos efFectusfuIm<strong>in</strong>eam flammam dejici S nubibus <strong>in</strong> materiacraffa, &c confiftente accenfam.<br />

Raro enim, tametfi exftent vcftigiaprxdifta, lapides re<strong>per</strong>iuntur fulm<strong>in</strong>ei, cumtamen<br />

conilet, «ScPl<strong>in</strong>iusetiamfateatur, nunquamaltius qu<strong>in</strong>quc pedibus <strong>in</strong>tra terram penctrare<br />

fulm<strong>in</strong>a.<br />

Roboratur Conclufio Exemplis. Jo. Bapt. Mor<strong>in</strong>us narrat, anno 1627. die 29. Novem-<br />

bris fereno coelo <strong>in</strong> montem Nalfonem, Alpium maritimarum unum, poft bombardarum fraporesauditoscecidiffehpidem<br />

c<strong>in</strong>ftum fiammeo circulo, librarum Parifiacarum jg. tribus<br />

oculacis teftibus,qui affervatur ad Aquasiextias <strong>in</strong> cimeliarcho D. Borrilii.<br />

LegiturapudCardanumlib. I4.variet.c 72.15-.10.<strong>in</strong> agro Abdije , ex nube ignita poft <strong>in</strong>geatestragor


Philofophico-Politica. 43<br />

ConclufioSecunda. Lapishic Ccrauniusnvefulm<strong>in</strong>eus, quieftcuneus, feufulm<strong>in</strong>is<br />

tdumpadimnom<strong>in</strong>acur, generancen(etur,exterreltri vifcolii diverlluum rerumexhalatione<br />

, & humorevaporumvi efticacillTmxiliiusflammxfulm<strong>in</strong>eicrepentiiconcrctispartim<strong>in</strong><br />

ipfanube, partim<strong>in</strong>delcenfu <strong>per</strong>aerem ; haud aliter, quam <strong>in</strong> fbrnacibus mecallicis , auc<br />

terrariisLapidesavehementiiiquetadtionecoquuntur&conflantur. H<strong>in</strong>e etiam varias hi<br />

lapidescoelodeciduiacccpC-renomenclationesi i.Fulm<strong>in</strong>eus, cuneusvelcerauniusdicicur.<br />

2. Brontiusvocacur, quicumtonicrulabicurfigurx lemifphxrico;, ovi ferc magnitud<strong>in</strong>e. 5.<br />

Omphias, quicumimbribuscadit. Nafci tam hic, quam fu<strong>per</strong>ior cx aquis poted , cum<br />

pluiimihodienumi<strong>in</strong>tfontes,quorum aqualapidefcit. TeftiseftSepufienfis <strong>per</strong> Llngariam<br />

tradus,ubi do.nusampixaqueis e lapidibuseredtce.<br />

QuxresPrimo: Qu^xnam (<strong>in</strong>tqualitateshujusLapidisCaleftis ? Refpondeo : Candidusimprimisutplurimum&pellucidus<br />

hiclapiseft, quod ignis excoquentis, &: a fordibus<br />

depurantisvehemencixadfcribendum. Secundo. PrxtcrLapidum naturam Ieviseft:quia<br />

nenipe probe excov3:us parum humoris habet, qui gravitatem augere folet. Tercio <strong>in</strong> culpidemacuitur;<br />

quianullafigura<strong>per</strong>rupcioniaptior , hanc pro<strong>in</strong>di} exhalatio nubem <strong>per</strong>fora-<br />

tura<strong>in</strong>duit. Quart6,conicamplerumquefiguramret<strong>in</strong>et; quiamixtumeft 6 levioribus fimul<br />

& gravioribus vaporibus , quo fit , ut graviores fubfideant , & leviores attollantur,<br />

Qu<strong>in</strong>t6,LapishicmoIliri,autelaborari (cnonpatitur; quiaeft ulcima decodione dccodus><br />

adeoque durilTimus.<br />

(^rxres Secundd : qux fic caufa f<strong>in</strong>alishorum Lapidum ) Refpondeo, cuneuspuerorum<br />

ladenciumcunis(Lippoficuseosabherniaprx(ervare credicur , eo quodqualicatemvalde rcftr<strong>in</strong>gentcmcxhalet.<br />

IndiluisLapidibusmetall<strong>in</strong>is (dequibus mox agemus) aurumadmilcent,excujusMalfaannulosconficiunt,<br />

quos&admorbospcHcndos, &:ad vittoriamcontra<br />

hoftem obt<strong>in</strong>endam plurimum valere fu<strong>per</strong>fticiose exiftimanc. E concra memovacur <strong>in</strong> Anni.^.decc.Ephem.<br />

Germ. obs.yj.fulm<strong>in</strong>ares Lapides <strong>in</strong> Scopelif<strong>in</strong>o re<strong>per</strong>tosaliquando <strong>in</strong>feliciseventusprodromos<br />

fuiffe. Hiftoria<strong>in</strong> hxcvcrbaexponicur: contigit aliquandoquasdam<br />

fbem<strong>in</strong>as curiofitate <strong>in</strong>tempcftiva impulfus viris <strong>in</strong> convivio v<strong>in</strong>o <strong>in</strong>tencis convocafTe «liquot<br />

glcbx ad(ci iptos viros,ut (copelifmum CiFoderenc. In effoib Gigantis cubili re<strong>per</strong>iunc<br />

ollam c<strong>in</strong>eribus plenam , & vcterem quendam culcrum novcmque cuneos fulm<strong>in</strong>cos elegan-<br />

tes,(Scquafipolicos; pcraftolaborc<strong>in</strong>conviviumrevertuntur; rcquafiben^gefta fac<strong>in</strong>us,vel<br />

curiofitacempasnicencii dignam recenfent; fuccenfec&<strong>in</strong>dignacurconvivii caput, vel holpes,malum<strong>in</strong>detijturumprxdicic.<br />

Eventus prxfigium probavit; mors etcnim atra, quoc<br />

fuerantfulm<strong>in</strong>aresLapidesexilluilrifamiliaunacumhofpite e vivorum tbciecace unius anni<br />

Ipacioprofcriplic, Ica ibi. Scdhocportentumeft, cujuscaufxnaturalcs haud ailignaripoP<br />

func.<br />

ConclufioTertia. Non modolapis, fcd 6c ferrum , aut aliud metallum cum fulm<strong>in</strong>c<br />

quandoque caderc poffunt. Racio eft , quia exhalationi Sulphurex admifceri pofrunt metallorumramenC3,m3ximeargentum<br />

vivum contem<strong>per</strong>atum&itaad<strong>in</strong>vicemcoada&compada<br />

folidari <strong>in</strong> ferrum,vel aliud mctallum,nam quemadmodum,utbeneobfervat LeGrand,hift.<br />

natur. parte 6. art.


44<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

veiorpatha,ficut<strong>in</strong>rcholioibidem addituraD. Menczeiio,ponderavitFer^ unciasundccim,<br />

SplenduitarsadLuceumaurichalcicolorem, ad cujusmanubiilateraftriic !ive l<strong>in</strong>e^ a!i(.]uot<br />

tanquam arte fadx <strong>in</strong>curvabantur. Su<strong>per</strong>ior pars tenuior &c <strong>in</strong> acumen & rotundum def<strong>in</strong>ens<br />

f)lena fuitloram<strong>in</strong>ibusnon <strong>per</strong>viis,ade6,uttorm3m (ivemodulum,cuix'siliudmixtUip<strong>in</strong>fuumf"uit,nonadmodumK\rve&:<br />

terseconfeceric,quicunt]uefijerit'a.'thcreus ille chymicus.<br />

Nonobliterandumed, quodAnnoiSy?. diezS-oi^tavaMaji Ermendorffii <strong>in</strong> pago lirili-<br />

cet tribus quafi miilibus paHlium ab urbe Haga diftantc contigit. Exorta hic tempeflas<br />

aut/^««j auiea di-<br />

circavefpcram, <strong>in</strong>quaunacumfulm<strong>in</strong>em<strong>in</strong>eraquKdam aeren chryJocoUa .,<br />

daaBaldu<strong>in</strong>o , fivevis quitdam lapidumeffufaefl, quorumcolornempe viridismiftuscum<br />

Cccruleo fuic, quibus etiam <strong>in</strong> parietelitenv ca^rulece exarari poiuerunt.<br />

Hucrevocandaquoquefuntmirai!la,quajreferuntEpiiem. German. Decur.a. Anni 7.<br />

obC?. &ab<strong>in</strong>colis<strong>in</strong>Indiaoftenduntur, Hahent Balfotfes<strong>in</strong> fua InfulaRotamiblidamexierc<br />

cum fuo modiolo, quam ajunt efferotam de curru Luns magna tempeftate delapfam <strong>in</strong> illum<br />

locumiubiadhuccuftodicur. Similiternarraturde<strong>in</strong>fuiaiVroM,6c.miIliaribush<strong>in</strong>cEuronothum<br />

diftante, &e foloferemonteconftante,qu<strong>in</strong>onitadiu valido terrce motu & igne fubterraneo<br />

ciimtotafere<strong>in</strong>fliladisruptuscft. Inilliusmoncisverticeante )-o. annos<strong>in</strong>gens&;<br />

monflrofum vas cereum (tecic, ambiguam habens figuram <strong>in</strong>cer cympanum , dolium , oc ahenum;abIncolis<br />

5/V^«^o»ftfr,idcfl,cympanumconicruappellacur, quodunanimi voce Incola?<br />

narrant , Patrum (liorum tempore <strong>in</strong>genticumtempeftate&tonitruillucprojedtum effe ;<br />

polteaTcrnataniPrxcoresmagnaviilludvasfregerunt,& plurimum ceris abflulerunt. Prarfeftustamenquidam<br />

Batavusteflatuseft, fereliquiasejusvidifre^&exiisconjeciiTe, tam vaftumilludvasfuiire,<br />

ut ab hom<strong>in</strong>ibus <strong>in</strong>al<strong>per</strong>um 6c prxcipitemillumlocumporcatumfuifTc<br />

<strong>in</strong>credibilefit.<br />

LApidi<br />

J P T E N T> I X,<br />

fulm<strong>in</strong>eo,ferro &:metallo , enubibus ejaculato addipofTunt globi igniti<strong>in</strong>di^ pariter<br />

aliquandodecidui. SicAnno 1695.^1^7. Decembr. Argent<strong>in</strong>um verfusecocloa<strong>per</strong>iri<br />

vifo <strong>in</strong>gens globus igneus delapfus comparuit; qui <strong>in</strong> aere haud aliter, quam fi tormentum<br />

exploderetur<strong>in</strong> modum fedivx Salutationis fragorem repetitis vicibus edidit.Globus autem<br />

juxtarelacionem eorum:quividerunt,<strong>in</strong> tresviasdif<strong>per</strong>fusdecidit; aliquibusvidiseft<strong>in</strong><br />

vaWem Ki>i/!ge»fem , aliisad diftriftumverdiscaftrum For^-Low//; Aliivideruntadpratumficdidtum<br />

Rtet Argent<strong>in</strong>am verfus , quorfum etiam decurrit,qucm locum,cijm quidam Jn^exifTent,<br />

VJderuntgi-amenibidemambuftum,& toramcnterrae <strong>in</strong>cufilim.<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Cafiisfspegloriae <strong>in</strong>crementiim eft.<br />

omnis Icarus <strong>in</strong>felix eft , licet <strong>in</strong> mareruac : nam ut gemma furgit. Non omnis Phae-<br />

NOn thonbufta excitat, ni(i ea,qua: ilium <strong>in</strong>aurum eliquant. Cccidifje bonum eratBruro,<strong>per</strong><br />

hujuscafum Romaftetit. BonumeratHoratioCociiti^<strong>per</strong>hujuslapfijm collapfa Patria<br />

fiarrexit. Bonum er^t Anvxo : mn fftrrecfm-us , ni cecidiffct^erat. Tollitur <strong>in</strong> altum <strong>in</strong>formis<br />

glebte ac terrce im<strong>per</strong>fecta maffa : at ut velut <strong>in</strong> conflatorio (blis fbco a fcoria purgaretur , <strong>in</strong> lapidem<br />

fulm<strong>in</strong>islabore (blidatur, deciduaque de coeloanulis<strong>in</strong>feritur , <strong>in</strong> lignaculum efFor-<br />

matur. Labitur humana fi:agilitas, <strong>in</strong> lapidem ofFenlionis etiam Heroes imp<strong>in</strong>gunt ; ur au(u<br />

fortioriadmajusglorijE<strong>in</strong>crementumafTurgant: ««i://]/f^w^f. Et Sol occidit reditquc illu-<br />

flrior. Et<strong>in</strong> proftuentemCygnus delabitur, utcandidior emergat. Et aquilispenniEdeci-<br />

dunt, ut velociores repullulent, ut & cefpitante pede pronus <strong>in</strong> terram equus furgit exlapfu ve-<br />

locior. Etdemerfum<strong>in</strong>pelagusretepriEdadives egreditur. Et defoffus <strong>in</strong> ima terrs fur-<br />

culusfru£tibus graviscxfiirgit. Et confedus <strong>in</strong> acie belliduxanimos relumens meliores<br />

meliores laureasmetit.<br />

Sero aemisi cum fpes h^ud relicjua ef} remediil<br />

ItadicebatElectraCIytemneftramredarguensapudEuripidem, quia pofl cafiim non daba-<br />

turrefurgere. At,ubi rediredaturadmelius, Wf captum bene mutatur , fic <strong>in</strong> proverbio di-<br />

. centePhilippo Im<strong>per</strong>atore. Mem<strong>in</strong>i me legifTe : quod de Julio CacfareSuetonius fcribit<br />

Sueton.ia<br />

i^hodum petebat Cxfar,daturus o<strong>per</strong>am arti benedicendi Apollonio Molonio Prsceptore ,<br />

vtta.<br />

^^i^ circaPharmacufara aprKdonibus captus eft.Verum numeracis qu<strong>in</strong>quag<strong>in</strong>ta talentis redemptus,<br />

:


Philofophico-Politica. 4f<br />

dcmptus,eloquentiscurapoRhabit3, claflTedeductapraEdones <strong>in</strong>feOiatus, eos<strong>in</strong> fervitutcrn<br />

redepi'oneali(juando<strong>per</strong>cn//<strong>in</strong>(tn(juampol}eaacrabrotti'l;us., vefpis apihiiscjue feriuntur. Pl<strong>in</strong>ius. Cum<br />

Aiexandrovulncratofemelcadensitarefurge, utde<strong>in</strong>cepslem<strong>per</strong> vicloriofus nunquam labaiis.<br />

Sic (ecidiffejuvat,<br />

QU^STIO V.<br />

Quxnam fit CAufa fulm<strong>in</strong>is impetns 3 ^<br />

liqui,<br />

motus ob"<br />

Qllamvis prifens difficultas majori ex paitejam enodata fit ex quxftione fecunda de ful<br />

I gure&pra;cedcntc,proclarioriramenreiexpofitione,fit<br />

Conclufio prima. Cautkm qua cxhalatio , <strong>in</strong> nubc <strong>in</strong>clufa <strong>in</strong>flammatur , efTe pri<br />

mb Ancipcriftafim, qua nubcs f rigidior elleaa conftipatur magis ", &'di(^e7fa7colfigit<br />

partesexhaIationis,qucecolIcdlxacconftipaCcv.,,^..uvj<br />

:x mucuo aftliau & difcurfu fe atrenuant , ficdue<br />

'<br />

Kpnt\nAX D ^r rv: I • • /• 1 •<br />

imSrT'""^'''» n"'l^"'A"'^''"'"f "''•'• ^"^^""^^- Refraaionem lum<strong>in</strong>is fblaris; quod<br />

nnubevelutmcp;fbllod.rcaumtac.ien,atcr.am illam ferit & accendit, vel demu^^ftelnrn<br />

n ftT'" '<br />

^' d^.c.duas ex (up,cma rcgioncaL'ris,aliaquc ignita meteora u'<br />

ex eodem<br />

loco<strong>in</strong>ftat.onemnub.umdcjcaa,&exhalationemibiconglobaiam<br />

<strong>in</strong>ccndentia.<br />

t ? Cbn-<br />

AU.rov.1,<br />

I. ornitho .<br />

log, Pl<strong>in</strong>,


46<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Conclufio fecunda. Caufaveio, qua; accenfam exhalationem torquet deorfum , eft<br />

impul(us,quemflammararercendo,&:<strong>in</strong>tranubisangufliascomprcflaiecipitanube,cujus la-<br />

tera quacit, ut ponTt evadere.llndeficcont<strong>in</strong>gitgenerari lulmen: exlialationes multte (ulphureai;acnicrofenubibusimmixtx-,frigoretandem<br />

&:conden(ationc vaporis <strong>in</strong>unumcon-<br />

giobatte, flammamconcipiunt,&coliedo impetu extra nubis angultias le clauftris cffra£lis<br />

ejiciunt.<br />

Ncc mirumvideridebet, quodcantoimpetueKhalatioillaaccen(aferatur,quando<strong>in</strong>venitrefiltentiamnubisiubftancicEdbtconcraria;,<br />

quandoquidcm fimilem apud nos habeamus<br />

ex<strong>per</strong>ientiamdepi.ilveretorment3rio<strong>in</strong>crabombardam vel chartam , vet aliud corpus eru-<br />

pcionireliftens<strong>in</strong>cenfo. Solumdifficilcapparet, quomodonubespofl<strong>in</strong>t tanto<strong>per</strong>e refifterc,cum<br />

nonvideanturefTetamdifliculter<strong>per</strong>meabiles. SedhaEcdifficultaslacile refunditur<br />

<strong>in</strong>qualitatescontrarias, nubisfrigiditcumqualitatibus exhalationis calidx&accenfte; patec<br />

hujusveritasab<strong>in</strong>dudtionealiorummixtorum<strong>in</strong>ter fe contrarietatem adeo <strong>per</strong>vicacem exercentium,ucetiammotulocali<strong>in</strong>imicum<br />

difFugiant; ficfal <strong>in</strong> ignefaltat 6c cxilit; ftannura<br />

nonpurgatum <strong>in</strong>fusa aqua, dumlique(cit,extravaseru<strong>in</strong>pit. Ita etiam S. Hieronym. Pro-<br />

verb.^f.cap.io. <strong>in</strong>quit: nitrumcrcpitare<strong>in</strong>aqua ; ficutcalxviva; ficut& idemhal<strong>in</strong>itrum <strong>in</strong><br />

igne. Nec ad edendum fonum corpus durum ncceflario requiritur, nam certum eft, ne quidem<br />

ftrepitum tormenci X duricie metalli procedere, fed ab impetu erumpente, & <strong>in</strong> vic<strong>in</strong>um<br />

aerem <strong>in</strong>currente, eiimque disjiciente, nam idem bombus auditur feu aeneum fit tormencum<br />

feu ferreum , (cu coriaceum.<br />

InftattamenadhucBod<strong>in</strong>uslib.2,theatri,nubem, cumficrariflima &: admodum fluxa,<br />

non poirc tantiam flammce impetum imprimerc, ut fumma vi torqueatur <strong>in</strong> terram. Refpondeo,<br />

id fieriad evitandam penetrationem ; namexhalatio<strong>in</strong>anguftumanubeundique ftipance<br />

concracta , & de<strong>in</strong>de tota fimul Inflammata , tam celeri rarefcit motu , ut vic<strong>in</strong>ce ac con<br />

tigua; ignispartes tantateft<strong>in</strong>ationccedercilli nonvaleantacdiffugere, qu<strong>in</strong>flamma,pundto<br />

feretemporistam latampoftulansexpanfionem,nonfentiat, fevehementer etiam premi, ac<br />

pro<strong>in</strong>de<strong>in</strong>nubem jamaqueam , &gravem ihcurrensimpetum accipiat , quo<strong>in</strong> tenam ier-<br />

tur.<br />

De<strong>in</strong>delicetignis & flamma natura fua flirfum tenderet, ab oppofitatamennubecraf-<br />

(ioredeorfumimpellitur, nubem verolu<strong>per</strong>ioripartecraflioremmajoraradiis reflexis Solis<br />

diftantia facic, qua; frigus <strong>in</strong>tenfius, & hoc majorem partium condenlationem ca jfat.<br />

Qu;£restamen,utrui"nomniatulm<strong>in</strong>ade(cendant ? Re(pondeo, communiter defcendere<br />

deorfum, cum nubesobdictamcauiamcommuniterrariorfit<strong>in</strong>parte<strong>in</strong>fcriorialiquando<br />

tamen furfum afcendere, quando fcilicec ob alias circumftantias cont<strong>in</strong>git, uc nubcs rarior<br />

lit ex parte fu<strong>per</strong>iori , <strong>in</strong> qua tunc frangicur.<br />

Conclufiotercia. FuImenord<strong>in</strong>arieiiTegularimotu&obliqu^defertur. Ratio eft primo<br />

, quia ignis hic ob fubtilitatem fuam facile a redto it<strong>in</strong>cie avertitur. Secundo, quia iplijm<br />

fequitur,pr3eitquehalitusplurimus&flatusconglobatus, quo<strong>in</strong>variaspartesrefilit , ut annotavitAlbertusM,<br />

<strong>in</strong>trad:. defialm<strong>in</strong>ecap.ii.Analogiaprseftoeft<strong>in</strong>aquaex fiiblimi rurrede-<br />

miffa, qucefub<strong>in</strong>deviamobliquat. Tertio, quia fiepe ex latere nubis oblique excutitur , (i<br />

nimirumilludrariruseft. Quartodenique,ucdocetSenecalib.z.natur.quarft. cap. ig. quia<br />

natura ignis furfum vocat , vis, qua d nube dejedus fuit, & exhalationis craflitudo deorfumpremit;<br />

atqueita, dumneutravisaltericedit,mediavia, id eft, oblique fertur, donec<br />

viftoignisconacuadterrasdefcendit. Qu^Kcaufaeft, cur turres , & alta cacum<strong>in</strong>a laepius<br />

feriat, quam qux <strong>in</strong>humililoco confiftuncjuxtatritum : Fermnt fitmmosfulm<strong>in</strong>a montes. Cijm<br />

enim <strong>per</strong>pendicularis l<strong>in</strong>ea e coelounica , adlateraverofeudiametrales duci poffunt <strong>in</strong>numerae.<br />

Quceres : <strong>in</strong> quo conveniat, &: <strong>in</strong> quo dilferac fulmen a bombardis , &: fulm<strong>in</strong>eis noflris<br />

tormentisi quas ante trecentos paulo m<strong>in</strong>usannos <strong>in</strong>venit Bertholdus quidam Scurrarfiis<br />

Monachus Germanus^utaitPaterdeRhodes, Phil.Peripat. 1. i. D. i;. q.a. Scc. a.<strong>in</strong><strong>per</strong>niciemorbisterrarumy<br />

Refpondetqua£ftionihuicidemcit.Author, & docetprimo, ea con-<br />

venire <strong>in</strong> motu & celeritate ; nam ficut fulmen validiflimo impetu, & boatu magno <strong>in</strong> cerrani<br />

vibraturenubibus; ficplerxquemach<strong>in</strong>ce<strong>per</strong>qu<strong>in</strong>que paffuum millia fexcentas fi^rrilibras<br />

excutiunt,tantaccleritate , utunoquoquem<strong>in</strong>utotriacirciter millia paffuum conficiat calis<br />

globus.<br />

Secundoconveniuntpotioriexparte; nampulvis pyriusconftatSalpetra, quodaliivocanthal<strong>in</strong>itrum,<br />

fulphurt& carbone; nequepulvisidempromajoribusadhibeturtormentis,<br />

qui m<strong>in</strong>oribus <strong>in</strong>fervit; grandioresenimmach<strong>in</strong>asfi-anges , fi m<strong>in</strong>utoeasoneraverisfclopetorumpulvifculo,<br />

<strong>in</strong>quoabundatmagishal<strong>in</strong>itrum, mifccturetiamei aliquidmercurii &<br />

lalis ammoniaci cum aceto. Ea vero proportione <strong>in</strong>funditur pulvis » ut glandis pondus tertia<br />

, -,<br />

parte


Philofophico - Politica. 47<br />

parteru<strong>per</strong>etpondusipfiuspulveris; fi enimpondusglandisficlibrarum;o. pulveris pondus<br />

eirc debet librarum 20. lic <strong>in</strong> tulm<strong>in</strong>e abundut fiilphur, ut patet ex odore ,


48<br />

Mcteorologia<br />

nonparcit, &amicosnecirubjicic, &familiares mortis fententil condemnat ; unde cxteri<br />

veluc flilm<strong>in</strong>e <strong>per</strong>culfi timorem concipiunt. Quid enim i <strong>in</strong> extraneum an mitis fuifTet<br />

ManliusTorquatus, quifupplicio filium fuftulit, quodbelloLat<strong>in</strong>ocontraimpcriumfioflem<br />

depugnarit 5 Ergo,ficonfticutusesfequefterJuris, arbiter boni & cequi , fponfus juflitije,<br />

Ltvtus Hymenseus pacis, fecialiscommunisboni,cuflosaequicatis, medio pede <strong>per</strong>tranfiens, afFe-<br />

'• i' ftuneabripiaris, necira<strong>in</strong>fanias, fedmediumtueare. Hoc tibi pra;figas album tuarum adlionum,<br />

necaddexteram, necf<strong>in</strong>iftram <strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>are ; quemadmodum lai^ittarius ad metam<br />

telamittit; &:utjuftitialibramgeftat, unal<strong>in</strong>gulabilancemtenens , fimulac coeca : ita non<br />

cognatio, non utilitas , non familiaritas attendatur. Confangu<strong>in</strong>itatis pullus puniatur , fi<br />

reuseft: extraneusfoveatur,fidignuseft: nicido^non<strong>in</strong>tereflatooculo lapientisfimce fimul<br />

acpiifIimceHildegardis,PhilippumFlandria:Comitemmonentis, diftum obferva : Attende^<br />

utpuro ocfiiojHjlitU tn Deum-) velHiacjuila<strong>in</strong> Solem ajpicias, Et m ahsque proprietate judicia tuajujls<br />

J<strong>in</strong>t. Optandumeft,utJovis f<strong>in</strong>comnia plena; cocfulni<strong>in</strong>um, quoc regnorum adm<strong>in</strong>iftri,5c<br />

Val.Max'^'Ci <strong>in</strong>cimos, & <strong>in</strong> exceros animadvercences, Qualem Junium Brucum fuiffelegimuSjquiduos<br />

1.12. ado!efcencesfiliosprodicionisconvi£tosvrrgiscjefosfecurifubjecic. Bonis nocet,ijuiparcit ma.<br />

Se».L.del't- NeroniSenecadixic. DitSiracionemreddidic, &: Legem explicuic : lnv<strong>in</strong>dicandis<strong>in</strong>jurih<br />

Clement, LexeTl-,uth£C tria Pr<strong>in</strong>ceps coKjideret,aututeum , ijuem punit-, emendet : aut utpoenaejus coeteros meliorts<br />

reddat : aut ut fithlatis malis casteriJecuriores vivant. Vecus eft de Csfare Augufto , quod filiam Sc<br />

i^wr.Cffj-.neptetnobpudiciciam proftitutam<strong>in</strong>lnfialamrelegarit. Recentius eft, Vandalorum <strong>in</strong>tegerrimusRexCanutus<strong>in</strong>dift<strong>in</strong>dd<br />

fuppliciaexegit: nonatBnicas ,nonnecelIicas, nonamici- ,<br />

tiadeli£topacroc<strong>in</strong>abacur: Deprebenfi<strong>in</strong>Mercialacroc<strong>in</strong>ances, dum ad fupplicium duce-<br />

Lih. i. rencur,^gregedamnacorumquidamjurecon(angu<strong>in</strong>icacis impunicacem praecendic; Cognato<br />

H^adal, ergo meo, VQpoaitR.GX', -ut honoratioreiocojittaltiorem irucem parate. Bonvrumjalutem cujiodit , cjui<br />

C i-?. malosfunit^<br />

QU^STIO VI.<br />

Qualesnam J<strong>in</strong>t e^eCJtiS Fulm<strong>in</strong>um.<br />

UTcxvariisfalis,nicri,bitum<strong>in</strong>is,alum<strong>in</strong>is,ca!chanti,fulphuris, aliisque (piritibus fulmen<br />

coalefcit , ita diverfiflimos &: admirandos parit efFedtus, qui pallim ab Authoribus<br />

copiosd adducuncur. Horum racionem & caufam reddere proprium Philofophi eft.<br />

QLua vero longum nimisforetf<strong>in</strong>gulosenumerarcprsecipuis<strong>in</strong> prcefenci&fubfequen-<br />

ti quxftione felcflis,eorum caufam brevicer adferemus. Sit igitur<br />

Conclufioprima. Fulmenord<strong>in</strong>arie<strong>in</strong>resduras, &magisrefi(tentes pliis ftevit, mollibus<strong>in</strong>tadtis<br />

; ita haft:eferrum liquat ligno falvo ; aurum &: argentum <strong>in</strong> c<strong>in</strong>eres reducit<br />

raarfupio <strong>in</strong>violato ; ferrum <strong>in</strong>travag<strong>in</strong>am abfumit vag<strong>in</strong>a illxsa, <strong>in</strong>tegru carne , & nulli<br />

<strong>in</strong>terdumapparentenotaofTacomm<strong>in</strong>uit ; dolio fra£to illxfiim rel<strong>in</strong>quic v<strong>in</strong>um , confumit<br />

vefles falvo corpore, pedem comm<strong>in</strong>uit <strong>in</strong>cafto calceo. Cujus rei caufa eft , ut advertic<br />

Arift. 1. %. c. I. & poft eum aiii, quia <strong>in</strong> iis , quoe ignis trajedui refiflunt , neceffario aliquam moram<br />

facic, & vim fuam exercec, <strong>in</strong> iis vero, qux mollia lijnc, & non refiftunc, nullo modo hsrett<br />

fedfubicof<strong>in</strong>eapplicationevirtucis fucc,&confequencerf<strong>in</strong>eljEfione, <strong>per</strong>porqs &occulcafo-<br />

ram<strong>in</strong>acelerrimS<strong>per</strong>cranfic. ExquibuspacececiamfulmcnnonefTeiapidem, fed ignem, ut<br />

fupradiximus. Confirmaripoteftanalogia,ficaquafoitisarrodit&confumit metalla, noii<br />

ceram,autlignum. Qi^odveronecv<strong>in</strong>umdiffluatfiaftodolio, itautrigorilletriduo duret,<br />

caufamitaexplicantConimbricenfes: calorpoteflliquoresaddenfare, fi ii ficcam txhalationem<br />

admixtam cont<strong>in</strong>eant, hac enim rationegignitur fal,nitrum, fulphur, Saccharum, aliaque<br />

id genus. Igitur ciim fulmen v<strong>in</strong>um calidis exhalationibus & vifcoficacibus eonf<strong>per</strong>fum att<strong>in</strong>git,necid<br />

obIiquoriscopiamaliamvec3ufampenetrat,extimasilliuspartes circumquaquc<br />

addenfat, &durat, quibustotumv<strong>in</strong>umquafi corio<strong>in</strong>clufum det<strong>in</strong>etureomodo,quoaqua,<br />

ciim exterius gelafcit, <strong>per</strong> (e tota confiftit, nec diffluit. Declarat hoc Albertus M. <strong>in</strong> traft. de<br />

tonitruc.a2. ex<strong>per</strong>imento;namfi pfillium(herbaefl,quamvulgus nofter pulicarem, Germani<br />

5l^cb«2ir4llt / vocant) v<strong>in</strong>o admifceatur, replet ipfum humore quodam vifcofb , quem<br />

v<strong>in</strong>um <strong>in</strong>fitocaloread extremitatesdifFunditf; ficque obducitur v<strong>in</strong>um quadam veluti crufta,qua<strong>per</strong>aliquotdiescohibetur,necdilabitur<br />

etiam fradovafe. Eadem porro vis, qux<br />

v<strong>in</strong>i partes exteriores <strong>in</strong>durat , totum etiam v<strong>in</strong>um ad centrum usque congelat. Nequc hoc<br />

mirum , cum etiam modicum coaguli calore fuo totum lac j cui <strong>in</strong>jicitur , coagulet. Ex his<br />

rationem reddes fequentium eventuum,<br />

Teftatur Muretus<strong>in</strong>notis ad Senecam, fulmen <strong>in</strong> palatium Hyppoliti Card<strong>in</strong>alisPerra-<br />

rienfis


Philofophico-Politica. 49<br />

lienfis dccidifTc ,


50<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

beacur,afflatusfulmInisnontantiimlethiferexiftit, ut facile vitalem calorem fuffbcet, fed<br />

et:iamobcaioremcalidi(TTmum,tenui{nmefefe<strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>uantcm,quandoqueaccidit, utmomento<br />

hLimoremquafiexfugat, &: humida corpora afflata <strong>in</strong> aridaconvertat. Exemplum mirum<br />

adducit Cardanus 1. g.variet. c.43, Referunt, <strong>in</strong>quit, <strong>in</strong> Lemno Infula, ubi <strong>in</strong>fulce cornu<br />

dividitur,ocl:omeflbresfub quercu ccenantes a fulm<strong>in</strong>e <strong>per</strong>culfos, atque exam<strong>in</strong>atos manfiflefubcalpecie,<br />

quadifcubuerant, utunuscomedereviderecur , alterori poculum manu<br />

ad!novere,alius bibere j ciimque nigri omnes elfentjimag<strong>in</strong>em flatuarum totidem repriefen-<br />

tabant.<br />

Similequidcontigiti54(3. Mechl<strong>in</strong>x, ubitempeftas fulm<strong>in</strong>isi£tibus & afflatibushorren-<br />

das edidit ftrages, <strong>in</strong>cer eas autem memoratur, congerrones aliquot potantes ad tabernam cereviliariam(ediiTe,temporisqueterendicausaehartis<br />

luforiiscertairej hotpitam autem, cum<br />

adpromendamcereviliam<strong>in</strong> fubterraneam iviffet cellam,redeuntembibones admenfam, uc<br />

cosreliquerat, lcdencesomnes,fedexanimatosac mortuos re<strong>per</strong>iflTe.<br />

Conclulioquarca. Fuhnentadbahom<strong>in</strong>um corpora<strong>in</strong>cerdum redigit <strong>in</strong> c<strong>in</strong>erem , &: <strong>in</strong><br />

idlu quali oculi ablumit. patec exemplo, quod Wolffgangus Meurerus <strong>in</strong> Comment.Meteorol.<br />

apud Senncrtum <strong>in</strong> Epitome fcient. Natur. 1. 4. c. 2. refbt , nimirum m<strong>in</strong>idrum quendam<br />

icafubitoereptumexhom<strong>in</strong>umoculis iftu tiilm<strong>in</strong>is <strong>in</strong>via, quaLipfia iturTorgam, ucpofteanunquamapparueric.<br />

Caufautique fuit, quod totus, quantus fuit, carnes,ofla, veftes<br />

iplx<strong>in</strong>c<strong>in</strong>eres&ventosabierunt; namfieri pofTe, utfulm<strong>in</strong>is efficaciaanonfolumcombu-<br />

rantur, fedftatim calc<strong>in</strong>entur, 6c <strong>in</strong> c<strong>in</strong>erem redigantur corporaaliqua accenfb fpiritu tolaui<br />

humidicatem momento quafi abfumence, dubium effe non poceft. Redafto autem corpore<strong>in</strong>c<strong>in</strong>eres,hivelab<br />

ipfoimpetufulm<strong>in</strong>is,qui aererarapidiilimSfecumtrahit, vel a fubfequenceventodif<strong>per</strong>guntur<strong>in</strong><br />

auras.<br />

Hoceciam tbrtallismodourbisRomanae Conditor Romulus d vivis fublatus eft , qui,<br />

utLivius&ali<strong>in</strong>arrant, ciamadexercitumrecenfendumconcionem<strong>in</strong> campo ad caprae paludem<br />

haberet, fubitocoortatempeftascummagnofiragore, tonitribiisque tam denfo Regemo<strong>per</strong>uitnimboiutconfpedumejusconcioniabftulerit<br />

; nec de<strong>in</strong>de<strong>in</strong>terrisRomulusvifLisfLiic,credicumque<strong>in</strong>caelum(ublacum,quem<br />

fulmenauc turbo dillTpaverac.<br />

Quseresprimo: Curfiepefulm<strong>in</strong>eusignis tantum allambat , nec quidquamnocumenti<br />

adferati Refpondeojhocvel cbnt<strong>in</strong>gereobdebilitatemtiammai, ut diximus, dumnimium<br />

divaricatur, &irvpartesdividitur; velquia<strong>in</strong>taliacorpora<strong>in</strong>cidit, qus qualitatibustuiscon-<br />

trariis ignis reprimunt aftivitatem. Qucedam enim natura fiia contra ignem fe tuencur,uc asbeftus,qui<strong>in</strong>tel3mdu£tus,<br />

fi forte ufu Ibrdescontraliat, igne purgatur. Sic etiamfiaquam<br />

fabarumcalidamcalciditrolutsemifcueris,&malvavifci , atquemagranculi aliquid addideris,<br />

iftaquematsaimbueris, acreficcarismanum, ignem traftalais <strong>in</strong>nocu(^. Similiarteutuntur<br />

empirici, dumpublico<strong>in</strong>theatroad populi circumfufiadmirationem plumbo & piceliquata<br />

manuslavanc.<br />

QiKeresSecundo: Cur<strong>in</strong>unafylvaarborescertEelaeduntur aliis <strong>in</strong>ta£tisy ubi Helmont.<br />

refert na£tvMeceoi-olog. Anomal. num. 20. vidifTe fe unico fragoris fono fepKEfente aliquot<br />

myrladesquercuum,


" Philofophico-Poiitica. ^<br />

ccnfirpirituoramrubtilitatem, quas<strong>per</strong> nares , os, &hiantes poros vitalia vencno occupac<br />

velquiarepenc<strong>in</strong>oaurxatflatulutFocat. Hucrevocandumeftiliud, quodP.Schottus Pliyli<br />

cur.l.ii. c, ig-i)-?. narracevenideMxnis<strong>in</strong>Sicilia, ubi t^hilolbphiam profefTus dilcipulo liio;<br />

Scdeb.u, <strong>in</strong>quic, is cumaliis muitis priB tbribus templii<strong>in</strong>montis, cuiimpolicaelturbs, lli-<br />

tonitrua im-<br />

<strong>per</strong>cilio, (pedabicqueflimanccmiEtnam, &crebra t nubibus tiilm<strong>in</strong>a •, atque<br />

pluviocoelo; cijmeccerulmen<strong>in</strong>currimprimo, acde<strong>in</strong>de ante fores templi defcendit , «Sc<br />

<strong>in</strong>curriquidcmduospueros colludentesconfeftimexanim.at ; fedentesverbpra:lbribus disjicit;<br />

curruntomnesadtemplumDciauxiliumimploraturi ; Difcipulus autem arrepto ambabusmanibuscapiteproprio,lymphato<br />

limilisdilcurrit <strong>per</strong> templum , & voce lamentabili<br />

caputlibircddipeciccapucle<strong>per</strong>didifTeidentidemclamitans. Accurruntcxteri, confolan-<br />

tur, reticiunt, domumdeducuncmecumdepelluntomnem ,&:mentireftitutum reliquunt,<br />

Redit isdiepolteraac fequenci eciam Ixtus ad lediones, at die terti.l 6x improvifoext<strong>in</strong>gui-<br />

tur. Dealiovero ibidem narrat, eum idu fulm<strong>in</strong>is <strong>per</strong> aliquot .<strong>in</strong>nos demencacum fuilfe»<br />

qui tamen de<strong>in</strong>dc ex <strong>in</strong>cegro vaiecud<strong>in</strong>i tiaic refticucus. Caula horum evencuum haud dubid<br />

fuicvenenofaexh.-»latiofulm<strong>in</strong>is, quatem<strong>per</strong>amentum ccrebri turbatum,


7j,f,7<br />

t2A»»al<br />

52<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Et duricedmtt,fcopiilofa Cermmiay montes<br />

Et cedit molUs , quijluit amne , liquor,<br />

Cedit utrumque Jovi^<br />

Terri mariL]ue a Romanis quasfitusMithridatcs omnes <strong>per</strong>fregitdifficultates; & cummariaemenfusefletPerfarum<br />

moderatorXerxeSjipfasetiampetrasfcidit aceto. Itaregiusani-<br />

/ musnecobjedtismolliumaifultibus illiciorum , nec feneorum terriculamentorum umbris<br />

expugnatur. B<strong>in</strong>ishoftibusexpofitumopponaspedus; &: Marti, qui a<strong>per</strong>ta tefironte op-<br />

'pugnat, &:facileauditur, quia ferreus eft, & Veneri , uuie ex aqua nafcitur, & tedlis armistant6graviusferit,quantomoIIius<br />

<strong>in</strong>tiuit. Contra akeram duram mach<strong>in</strong>am te cupio<br />

Conftantium,contraalterammollem&fortemteoptoConftant<strong>in</strong>um. Eftoex utroquc Cx-<br />

far.<br />

QUyESTlO VII.<br />

Qu£ res 'vel afutm<strong>in</strong>e immunes , 'vel magis obnoxi


Philofophico-Polidca.<br />

^^<br />

ipfx columnx marmorea; fub<strong>in</strong>de igne hoc profternantur. Addit Schottus,quod Lauri plerumque<strong>in</strong>trutices,raro<strong>in</strong><br />

magnos, acterreurestruncosexcrefcant. Teft.itur&: VicomercatusComment.adcap.ic.l.;.<br />

Meteororum Arift. paucosantc annos (fcriplit iLib <strong>in</strong>itium<br />

pricedentis (iculi) laurum dc coclo taclam tulm<strong>in</strong>e. Et fortaire millies alias hoc contigit, nec<br />

tamenautabhom<strong>in</strong>ibusanimadverfum , aut a Scriptoribusmonumentislibrorumcommil'<br />

fum. Nctamenomnemantiquitati fidemderog8mus,fit<br />

Conclulionoftra: LicetLauruslapfum toto impctu Scoelo<strong>in</strong>fe fulmcnhaudaverterc<br />

poftit, probabiletamencft, peftiteras ignis fulm<strong>in</strong>ei exhalationes a (e arcere pofle. Ratio<br />

eft,quiamuItnrumAuctcrumfententiacft,laurum,pr:E(crtimvirentem,copiofa&:vchemen-<br />

tiatpirituum erfluviaafedirfundere, quxpeftiferas &;concagio(asexhalationes > aerem <strong>in</strong>rtci-<br />

entcs,3bigunr. Obquamcaufam lauri ramos antiquitas aftigebat domorumtbribus. Ip(c<br />

etiamlm<strong>per</strong>atorCommodus, Herodianoteite, contagionistempore <strong>in</strong> laurea vireta Medicorum<br />

condlio (eceftlt. Quemadmodum igirur Laur<strong>in</strong>i (piritus pcftilcntes arcent halitus,ita<br />

fieripoterit,ut(!«: venenatosfulm<strong>in</strong>isodorcsaferepellanc. Etob hoc fors> tradente Colu<strong>in</strong>eUa,gall<strong>in</strong>xcubantiIaureiramuli(bbjiciuntur,utfulphureosfulm<strong>in</strong>is<br />

halitus, ne ova <strong>in</strong>fi-<br />

ciant,avertant. lideratScv<strong>in</strong>orum valis, ne tonitru corium<strong>per</strong>entur, imponebantur anti-<br />

quitiis.<br />

QucEres (ecundo: Quidfentiendumdeviculomar<strong>in</strong>o, uti&ficu? Rcfpondet Plutarch.<br />

I.f.convival. Quxft.quaj(t.9.credunturarboresejusmodifulm<strong>in</strong>e non ::ftl.ui , uti neque vitulimar<strong>in</strong>ivelhvxnxcorium.<br />

H<strong>in</strong>ctcncorialm<strong>per</strong>atorume.vpellibusvitulimar<strong>in</strong>i tieri (b-<br />

lebant. EtlcribitSuetonius, AuguftummultumadeoexpaviiTetulm<strong>in</strong>a tSc tonitrua, ut easdemfc<strong>in</strong><strong>per</strong>fecumcircumfcnet.<br />

Huncasmulatuslm<strong>per</strong>ator Scverus ex eadem <strong>in</strong>aterialeciicamfuamiiifterniprxccpit.<br />

Caufamvero, quo.idvitulimav<strong>in</strong>i pdlem fomniabant porontatcm<br />

ejus cfCc-, quarfacilcillis.\ cute fulmen transmittit. Qu6dver6,ficus de ccelo noa<br />

tangatur, exiftimatCaeliusRhodig<strong>in</strong>us 1. ij?. Antiquit. c. 9. amaritud<strong>in</strong>i ejus atnibuendum.<br />

Verum has rationes ncmo non videt efte futilcs.Xa<strong>in</strong> ex prima deducitur , nec vitulum ipfiim,<br />

neciilum,quiejusexuviistegitur,afulrewneimmuneselfe, pcnetiabit cnim ad <strong>in</strong>teriora exhalatiofulm<strong>in</strong>ca,<br />

iSirrccondita fub pelle <strong>per</strong>imet. £x fecunda pariterfequitur multas alias<br />

herbas&tiruticespotiorijuredebcre immunescircabignetulm<strong>in</strong>aute, utpoce ricu longe amariores.<br />

Undcconclufio noftraeft,tabularum lyllaboutrumque<strong>in</strong>ferendumefre.<br />

ColligetamcnexPancSchotto, taraam hanc&op<strong>in</strong>ionem de vitulo mar<strong>in</strong>o <strong>in</strong>deortam,<br />

quodtantamiscum mari habeat fympachiim, utpilietiamexcoriatianimalis, fi mare<br />

turbatum<strong>in</strong>fiuctusllirgit, erigantur ; (idclidic, flernanCur : ex quo fadum , uc cx horum<br />

pilorummucacione,atrismutaciocolligereturtammari, quam cerra. Lltigitur mucationem<br />

acriscognofccrent, &<strong>in</strong>ftante<strong>in</strong>tempe(latem tiigerent, quibus modis poffcnt ,<br />

tum mari,<br />

tumterra ; (bleb.mr nautce <strong>in</strong> navibus, alii domi,


54<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

mulcibus excitato, fnquieta funt , fulm<strong>in</strong>is ittui efTe magis obnoxia , hoc enim volatile motum<br />

omnem fequitur.<br />

QuJEiesqu<strong>in</strong>to : Quxlocafulm<strong>in</strong>imagisexpofita: Refpondeo,expeiientidcomproba-<br />

tumeflcjfulm<strong>in</strong>aeditioialocafirequentii^is<strong>in</strong>teftare. H<strong>in</strong>cmontes{aepius,quamvalles ignibus<br />

coeleftibusafflantur. Dc arboribus canic Claudianus<br />

hictibuit mmquam cceleflisjiamma falicfisy<br />

Necparvifruticesiram metiiere Tonantis.<br />

Ingentes quercus , amiojasfuhn<strong>in</strong>at ornos.<br />

Pariter<strong>in</strong>urbibus templorumturresfepiiisful<strong>in</strong>en ferire (blet. Exemplum eft Cathedralis<br />

Ecclefice turrisArgent<strong>in</strong>ceAlfaticasurbe, f^^. pedibus geometricis pi-stalta, vix annus<br />

fere elabitur, quo non fub<strong>in</strong>de fulm<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong>feftetur. Caulam plerique allignant motum obli-<br />


Philofophico-Politica. 55<br />

quia tamenvis hcec foni valde exiguam & vix fenfibilem <strong>in</strong> vic<strong>in</strong>as nubes impreflionem facic,<br />

CLim potiflimum adlateia& nonlijrfum propagetur, plus virium campanisa benedidione,<br />

ac Ecclcfixprecibus , quam rationi phyfics <strong>in</strong>effe deducitur. Qupd majorijureetiam de herbis&candelis,celebrioribusfe(tisluilraliaquaexpiatis,utbeneobfervatJonllonius<br />

<strong>in</strong> Thaumatographianaturalii<strong>in</strong>telligendumeft.<br />

Delapide verofubceais afTcrvatoadarcendafulm<strong>in</strong>a<br />

, omn<strong>in</strong>o fu<strong>per</strong>fticio eft.<br />

ColligesSexto : Flammam fulm<strong>in</strong>isaquxrefiftere ,utfeabhac ext<strong>in</strong>gui haud patiatur,<br />

ob vaporum vifcofitatem nimirum, hrmamque cohxrentiam, quse aquam penetrare nnn f<strong>in</strong>ic.<br />

Accedic, quod aqua pnE caloris vehemencia <strong>in</strong>vaporem diftblvacur. Lac magis idoneum<br />

eft,quiavifcofitaceuacivafereiaccenfa:affigic,acporos claudendoignemfufFocac Acecum<br />

^<br />

ver6omniummaximeadreprimend3mfulm<strong>in</strong>isflammamconducit,acrequippecumfiC,fub-<br />

AP?ENDIX.<br />

rilicacefuareiignicxporis promptius fe <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>uat,<br />

I<br />

Gnem aqua <strong>in</strong>exc<strong>in</strong>guibilem elficeredoccc Albeitus M. <strong>in</strong> hsrc verba: olei bcnedidi lib.T,<br />

oleil<strong>in</strong>iiib.j.oleide vicellis ovorumlib.i.exquibus fiac mixcura.<br />

CONCLUSIO PRACTICA.<br />

Quanto altius ftas , tanto <strong>per</strong>iculofius.<br />

S.,^1-<br />

SlImmacaduntfubico,FlaviiArcadii ufitatum Lcmma erat. Non humiles myricJt, vel<br />

pau<strong>per</strong>umtabcrnaE,(cdfaftigiatae turriummoles, vcrticatatad usquenubium regionem<br />

Cedri, montiuraqueaccoloflbrumapiccsfuntfulm<strong>in</strong>ummeu fcopiisque.


56<br />

Et celfe graviore cafii ><br />

Meceorologia<br />

Decidunt tiirres, ferihitquefummos<br />

Fulm<strong>in</strong>amontes. Horat.<br />

Fulmenreapfeexpiimit, quodjEfopus refpondit, <strong>in</strong>terrogatus , quid faceretJupiterPfiDio-<br />

P/og. L^- geni, ait, credimus : Exceljahumiliat. Inlcribat libi potentillimi nom<strong>in</strong>isargumentum Darius<br />

fr/./. «.«(fPerfarumRex: RexReqamtDeorftmCenfangmneHs. abeodem, quem famulum fuum <strong>in</strong>digita-<br />

vit. Phi- bat, Alexandro M. vita & regnoprivatus eft. Congerataltisfimorum nom<strong>in</strong>um fpeciofade-<br />

lofiph. /«coraSaporitidemPerlarumRex : Rex Regu»tSapor.,particeps^derum-,fr/i!erSolis &Lunit'., aviliC'<br />

Chilone. iimis pulicum&mufcarumagm<strong>in</strong>ibus, dumcivitatemMygdoniam jampropdviftorappete-<br />

^X«r/./.ret,numerofilTimus ejusexercitusprofligatuseft,abjedamu(carumcopiaelephantoseqU'C)S-<br />

2- que concitante,utipfef:iftuofilIimusMonarchaturpi fuga dilapfus Perlidem repetierit.<br />

Cal. Rho-<br />

dig.l.s.c.<br />

*<br />

Quidquid <strong>in</strong> dtnmfortuna tulit , ruitura levat.<br />

j^ M.Antonio,oi:julioCiEfare,<strong>in</strong>Pompejo Sc Belifario, Domitiano&TiberioAugu-<br />

Senccam -^r-^^^^^^^^ CieorchusPonticusHeracieotarumTyrannus veftesDeorum <strong>in</strong>dutus, altiore<br />

'^^'"*<br />

• ftoquidorbis vidit : Plus hahent penderis ad ru<strong>in</strong>am , qu£ a^teris (unt altiora. Lad^ant. Fulmen<br />

peomate locatus ,.iilium fuum Ceravnon, id eft,fulmen vocavit j fibi Div<strong>in</strong>os honores expe-<br />

ttns. Veriim :<br />

' Mannarevenie rmntifummM caduntfitbito, Qaudi.<br />

AChyone,Platonis<strong>per</strong>familiari,veIutfulm<strong>in</strong>e improvifbobrutus, funus fuit. Hom<strong>in</strong>umRedor,CaputqueRexeft,<br />

tanto Deovic<strong>in</strong>ior,quantoaltioregradulocatus, venerandusfibi,fufpiciendusomnibus,collegafortun£e,fpiransdiv<strong>in</strong>itatem<br />

ftatua, vitalisReipubli-<br />

cse fpiritus, exprefliftimumNum<strong>in</strong>is fimulacrum, excubitor hom<strong>in</strong>um,Pro-Deus & Vicarius<br />

Sceptri Div<strong>in</strong>ioris. At fi vel uno gradu altiiis contendit, tanto ruit faciliiis , quanto div<strong>in</strong>itali<br />

aftlftit proximiiis. Nam c^uemadmodumfdmen emiaentia ^uavis, & celfijfimadejiutiparcit autem<br />

arbuUis'.fic Deus Ju<strong>per</strong>bos ubi^ue proflernit-, amathumiles. Erat cognomento Audax Burgundio-<br />

numDux<br />

Caro]us,cujusvoxaltiiIimorumfpirituumtumida,quadicebat, unum fe tuturum<br />

Pr<strong>in</strong>cipem,quiabOceanoBritannico ad fu<strong>per</strong>um atque <strong>in</strong>ferum mare produdtis Im<strong>per</strong>ii f<strong>in</strong>ibus,ChriftianamRempublicam<br />

aTurcarum tyrannide, exercitibus<strong>in</strong> Graeciam&Macedoniamtransportatis,<br />

v<strong>in</strong>dicaret ; at: Sequitur (it<strong>per</strong>bosultoratergoDeus. Sen.apudNancceam,<br />

caputurbium Lothar<strong>in</strong>gix miferd trucidatus, docuit Corn. Taciti veriflimum effe aphoris-<br />

Sen.<strong>in</strong><br />

Herc. mum: Brevibui momeHtis fumma vtrti fojfunt.<br />

*<br />

-^av^ ^v^ •^2:i«?' -^s^ '^^^ ''mm- •''m^w-"¥m^-<br />

DISSERTATIO IV.<br />

DeCometis.<br />

PRimarium locum <strong>in</strong>teromnesimpreflionesigneasfibi meritb vendicatcometes,queracGelumrarbterris<br />

oftendit,niriuteasildgel!et, fem<strong>per</strong><strong>per</strong>eum<br />

nuntians&. <strong>in</strong>ferens mala,canentevate : nunquam cceloffedatum impunecome- ,<br />

tem: caudaeividelicet proflagelloefl:,comaprotelis, fulgorm<strong>in</strong>ax figura, ca-<br />

lor kamm<strong>in</strong>eusirsnuntius &v<strong>in</strong>di(ft2e.<br />

.<br />

i<br />

Undeomnium <strong>in</strong> fe oculos conver-<br />

tit,ac nemononfcire,quidfit,defiderat.Etut nilSenecalib.7. Natur.qusit.c.i.<br />

aliorum oblitus cle adventitio quxrit , ignarus utrum <strong>in</strong>irari debeat an itmere. Pauca<br />

dehoctradidereveteresPhilofophi; Recentiorum verb <strong>in</strong> hoc expUcando<br />

multacura& proUxum ftudium eft. Fatetur tamen candide Pater nofter Riccio-<br />

lus Almag.1.8. fec.i.c.13. Cometa eft,<strong>in</strong>quit : fplendidum^nigma a Deopropojjtumy<br />

nunquam ab humanis <strong>in</strong>geniis folvendum : Ne tamenomnisdecometaejiisque<br />

materia& natura tollatur quasftiOjbreviter probabiliorem Aftronomorum op<strong>in</strong>ionem<br />

<strong>per</strong> quieftiones fequentes exponemus; quarelit


Philofophico-Politica, 57<br />

QUyESTIOI.<br />

Dc Cometis <strong>in</strong>genere , eorunjqHe divifione , ac locogenf"<br />

rationis,<br />

^OnclLifioPrima. Cometavulgoa comis nomcnclaturamtrahere folet , quod<br />

(itilelIacomata,fivecr<strong>in</strong>itacomarum <strong>in</strong>ftar lucem difFundens. Hxc tamen<br />

det<strong>in</strong>itio<strong>in</strong> genere <strong>in</strong> ampiiori fignificatione accipienda eft, ne unam folum<br />

Phanomenis cocleftis (peciem fignihcet , nempe ftcllam comatam feu cr<strong>in</strong>itam,&:nonetiamaliasrpcciescompledatur.<br />

UndeaHi ficeum defcribunt: Cometa<br />

eft Phasnomenon <strong>per</strong>petuum, <strong>in</strong> coelo appareas fub<strong>in</strong>de caudatum, vel<br />

cr<strong>in</strong>itum , aut barbatum. Ex quo deducitur<br />

ConclufioSecunda: CometajuxtadiverfiimfigurK habitud<strong>in</strong>em bene dividitur<strong>in</strong> cr<strong>in</strong>itum,barbatum,&caudatum.Sienimradios<strong>in</strong>orbemcircumquaqueprojedoshabetjdicicurcomatusvclcr<strong>in</strong>itus;<br />

li<strong>in</strong>unamtantumparcem diftl<strong>in</strong>dat, itique procul, caudatus ; fi<br />

modicotantiamrpatio, barbatusvocariconfijcvit. Alii novem cometarum (pecies tradunt.<br />

Albertus M. 1. 1. tr. 3. cap. 10. qu<strong>in</strong>que numerat ; Pl<strong>in</strong>ius demum 1. 2. c. z


58<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Conclufio quarca. Non negandum tamen eft , Meteora quKdam cometis fimilia, & cometasm<strong>in</strong>usproprie<br />

diaosapparerepofTe <strong>in</strong> aiire. Ratio eft, primo, quia nulla eft repugnantia,<br />

qu<strong>in</strong>exhalatioterreftris tanta <strong>in</strong> altum arcendere poilic, ibique accendi, lucere ,<br />

&:circumagi, maximecumord<strong>in</strong>aridtemporecomefcef<strong>in</strong>t magni ventorumflatus&magna<br />

ficcitas, <strong>in</strong>gens itemlbletquandoquecomicarimortalitas, quteomnia<strong>in</strong>dicant magnam exhalationum<br />

exiftere copiam. Et fane cum alia pleraque meteora figuras referant draconis<br />

volantis^raltirjtiscaprEe, aliaquehujusmodi,nonvidetur dubicandum , qu<strong>in</strong> figuram etiam<br />

imitari pofl<strong>in</strong>t cometarum.<br />

Secundoreipfa nonnullialiquandovififuntcometarfer^immobiles ; qualis illefuitcometes<br />

gladiatus , quemJofephusafTerit, diu vifumimm<strong>in</strong>entem Jerofolymx ante illius ex-<br />

Cidium. ItaetiamnarratSozomenus,cometamConftant<strong>in</strong>opoliusquead terrampependif-<br />

fe. RefertPI<strong>in</strong>iusl.2, c.^j". vifam a Lic<strong>in</strong>io Syllano fc<strong>in</strong>tillam e ftella cadentem , crevifie<br />

paulatim <strong>in</strong> Lun^ amplitud<strong>in</strong>em , & faftum elfe comecam lampadium. Pariter anno 1470.<br />

cometa quaf<strong>in</strong>ubeslongifllmiscapiliistotumdecurrereZodiacum vifus eft idibus Januarii,<br />

iitteftaturBod<strong>in</strong>us.<br />

£x diftis colliges primo,pracedentem doar<strong>in</strong>am Concl ufionis tertice procedere omn<strong>in</strong>o<br />

(leomnibuscometisord<strong>in</strong>ariis,univer(alibusacpropriedictis, qu<strong>in</strong>imirum fpatio 24, horarumcircuitionem<br />

circaterramfimulcum aftris ablblvunt,<br />

Colligesfecundo: LicetlocusverorumCometarumficipfumcoelum; neque tamen<strong>in</strong><br />

feodemomnesfuntparcecoeli. Sicafl^ericde ChalesAftvonom. 1. 8. prob. 3. Piiyfic. multos<br />

cometas prope Solem <strong>in</strong>ci<strong>per</strong>e, Sc ihh radiis ejus latere, ancequi<strong>in</strong>i appareant ; mulcos quoque<br />

•cometasnunquamaSoledigredi, acqueica Soleeciipf<strong>in</strong>patience fxpe vifum efie cometara,<br />

quifubejusradiis tegebatur. Albumazarvero cbmetam anni 844. coUocat<strong>in</strong>cer Mercurium<br />

& Venerem ; Tycho comecam anm i^^j". <strong>in</strong>ter Venercm & Marcem reponic RurfijsTycho<br />

&Mceftl<strong>in</strong>uscomecamanniic84,<strong>in</strong>craMarcemcSf Jovem. Cylacus coaietam anni 1618. <strong>in</strong>terMartem&Venerem.<br />

Vifusannoi68c.& 16S1. fuic ex communi oblervationeextraZo-<br />


1 ConclulioSecunda:<br />

oui m<strong>in</strong>as fovmidandas , at moderata fupplicia <strong>in</strong>fert.<br />

rum ;mcelignanus<br />

Philofophico-Poiitica. 59<br />

Loquatur Romanorum Philofopho- S.«.U<br />

pojfc ? M centra m«ximA ejf, ftvimfuitm conitnet. Agathias Hiftoricus de Narfete (uprcmo Impe- A


6o <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Piimo, quiaconjun£lioi<strong>in</strong>iusplanet£Ecumaliobrevitemporis<strong>in</strong>tervalloduiat, ut videreeft<br />

<strong>in</strong>novilunio,&:Soliseclipli; (edcometaraliquando rexmenfiumfpatioconlpiciuntur. Secundo:<br />

Quiacometaftatim<strong>in</strong>cipit<strong>in</strong>majoi-iquantitate, quamquiE a duobusvel tribusftel.<br />

lis conhcipoteft&ad eam devenit magnitud<strong>in</strong>em, quce non nili pluribus acpluribusftellis<br />

poihtcomponi; fed non eft credibile, tot occultas errare, & fefe oftendere ftellas» aliasfrequentiusfibioccurrcrent&rconjungerentur.<br />

Confirmatur , quia Attalo legnante efFulfit<br />

C0metatotumla6teumcirculumcompleaens,fedfiex planetis eoaluiffet, non omnes , qui<br />

€xiftunti (ufticerent, utpatet ; ergo. De<strong>in</strong>de obfervaretur earum fteilarum accefllis mutuus,<br />

ocreceffus.<br />

GonclufioTertia: Necfuntfidera,nonnataquidem de novo, fedtantumdenovo app3rentia,necaftraerr3ntia,quK<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>gentesEpicyclosvoIvantur,<br />

atqueitaexfummocoslo,<br />

ubi propter fl<strong>in</strong>imam diftantiam non poftl<strong>in</strong>t vidcri, defcendant <strong>in</strong>terdum & confpicua fiant<br />

neque f unt ftelLT caudata: ., ut fentit Cardanus, qus tamcn terris caudam fuam nou fem<strong>per</strong> obvertant,<br />

ut appareant caudatce. Ratio eft, quia <strong>in</strong>primis (<strong>in</strong>e fundamento f<strong>in</strong>guntur ignitx<br />

hujusmodi cifculares Orbitx. SeCundo , Ci defcenderent ex fublimioriloco cometae , ac li fiercnt<br />

confpicui, deberent <strong>in</strong>itio m<strong>in</strong>oresapparere, cum videlicet ex alto veniunt,fenfimqueaccedunt',hoctamenconftat<br />

efTefalfum.<br />

Conclufioquarta: Noneftftellaapparensdetedtismaculis &: quafi velamento materix<br />

ftriata:^ iliam .Inte contegentis,ut vult Cartefius ; quia <strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>dt} maculx illx , ex vorticibus Cartefianis<br />

erurnpentes,ftellas fixas quandoqueoCcultarent, quod nunquam fattum.<br />

Conclu(ioqu<strong>in</strong>ta : Nec materia eorum funthalitus p<strong>in</strong>gues 6c vilcofi exaqua&: terra<br />

'etlam fu<strong>per</strong>lunamelevati, Namliocprordis improbabilevidetur , quiatanta<strong>in</strong>terdum cometarumeftrftagnitudo,utterram<br />

milliesexcedant ; & aliqui obfervati funt durare <strong>per</strong> fex<br />

menles, alii<strong>per</strong>unum, alii^erduosannos; undeneceiTeeflet^utterratotafolveretur <strong>in</strong> halitus^exquibustanta&tamctaframolesconlicetetur.<br />

De<strong>in</strong>denonvidetur credibile, quod<br />

afcenderepofl<strong>in</strong>thalitusterreftres fuprajovem.<br />

Advertetamen conclufionem hancprocederede cometispropri^diftis


Philofophico -Politica.<br />

matmerisreeioncmevehens, tumSolmateriamcongregatam accendens. Sunt etiam<strong>in</strong>ter<br />

hos cometx , tellc P. Cabxo, qui folo afpeduSolis, aucalterius aftn iUummancur , nec ar-<br />

^"<br />

"Collices ter i 6 ex Hcvelio , unicum Solem quovis tempore tantum materix & exhalationumevomaepolle,<br />

utexillamaceriaunoanno cjecla,i;o.ampliustales comecx, quaisanno<br />

1664. luxic, proaenerari polT<strong>in</strong>c. Llnde quid de cxteris planetis dicendum fit judican.<br />

,<br />

dum rei<strong>in</strong>quic Pn^cerea non tancum non miraculum efle dicic , quod tot cometx uno Ixculoprodeanc,<br />

lcd podus, quodtampauci , cum SoItantammateriscopiamunoannopolUt<br />

eiicere. Pucacic.ique,mulcos cometasvelanobislongcremotos, vel parvos nobis elle 111con(picuos-,ide6<br />

ver6tamrar6apparere,qu6dcometx exdiverfis planetis proflucns niacena<br />

non lacile <strong>in</strong> unam mafTam coire polTTc , cum raro comcca ex unius planccx maccria nalcacur.<br />

Verum&aliigraves Auchorescenlencplurcscometasixpe<strong>in</strong>coeloexillercqLiamutomnes<br />

<strong>in</strong>obisconlpiciantur; imo <strong>in</strong> eclipfi Solistotalitalesprope Solcm obfervatos efre<br />

Colligcsquarto: Maculaslblares,cxquibusnon fiericometasdocuimus, nihil eHealibd,<br />

quam umbrx quxdam m<strong>in</strong>utx cum luce ad <strong>in</strong>ftar iiimorum , qui a fu<strong>per</strong>hcie Solis bulUcn-<br />

ris<strong>in</strong> xtheia ejiciuncur.<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

N OnadcoHaviiHcraclionx<br />

:o.<br />

Virtus opprcfla relurget.<br />

JT. iO<br />

Svmbolum tcnct: /V.»/


Enn,t.<br />

62 Mctcorologia<br />

quivigeiimafextaDecembrisanno 1680. tridia qutEqueacom<strong>in</strong>ofanunciavit. Ccmetaerat,<br />

quiltationem<strong>in</strong>itio<strong>in</strong> Ant<strong>in</strong>oi , alias Ganymedis ccde pofuit, fidere hoc<strong>in</strong>tegre occupato,<br />

Traducta <strong>per</strong> Ant<strong>in</strong>oi corpus fiderea virga conftellationem aquilx ita poHedit , ut collum ejus<br />

flammeoenfetecuerit, (tellailliccofuccntepenitLis obtedta. Eo tandem faculJt (e lixc ex-<br />

tendit, utDelph<strong>in</strong>idoriumradens adusque dexteram Cygni alam<strong>per</strong>tis^erit. CurlLim de<strong>in</strong>demutans,PegafoacAndromedximm<strong>in</strong>uit.<br />

FuilfeGanymedem fu<strong>per</strong> Afixpartcm Mo-<br />

SabelLl.s. narcham, acgrave<strong>in</strong>terregesbellum concitaffe, lcribit Sabellicus. Aquilam Romani <strong>in</strong>(i-<br />

gneIm<strong>per</strong>ii,L)elph<strong>in</strong>umtempeflatesportcndere,Cygnumfeu oloremcandidum colore,Facisnuntium,quisignoraty<br />

Hac(iderum conjunftione nemonon <strong>per</strong> flammantem coelil<strong>in</strong>guam<br />

graviflimam tempeftatem ab A(iatici Ganymedis gladio Romanx Aquilaedenunciatam<br />

<strong>in</strong>tei-pretabatur; eamnimirum, quaunivevfamHungariam ac Auftriam <strong>in</strong>undavit ; fixis ad<br />

ipdimRomanxAquilxnidumViennamhofliiibuscaflris & haclm<strong>per</strong>atoria (ede <strong>in</strong> dubiam<br />

aleamredada;maIopr<strong>in</strong>cipio Auftriam (unettatam, hodierni c<strong>in</strong>eresloquuntur , & tantum<br />

nonuniver(alemcatacly(mum(angu<strong>in</strong>eacometxcaudadenuncia(fe timebatur. VerLim fic<br />

htftitigladioexomnilateread u(que jtigulum petita Aquila|felici exitu coronavit pr<strong>in</strong>cipiummalum:<br />

quandovelutCygnusaquisablutusnonobrutus, Pacis candorem^armoriimque<br />

JLlia». filentiumcum Delph<strong>in</strong>oanno 1697. <strong>in</strong>iit: E(tautemCygnuspacisamicus,iElianotefte. Ot-<br />

/, /„ tomannumautemGanymedem,quivelutmar<strong>in</strong>abc]luaAuftriacamAndromedam unoriftu,<br />

hiatLiqueforbcreaflurrexit: nontantum Lothar<strong>in</strong>gici Perfei, advolantistjue Polonicxalbx<br />

aquilxauxilioexChriftianitatiscorde Vicnna avertit : fed & ipfum tanquam Prometheum<br />

v<strong>in</strong>culisligatumrepctitis vicloriis vtilncrat,recentiqueusque fermcad <strong>in</strong>ternecionem clade<br />

dieii.Sepcembr. 1697. fiuciavic. Inpiecatisarmis enche.itusPoliticus, licetfUnefto terreatur(idere,glorio(acamenlaurof<strong>in</strong>emcoronabit.<br />

Nam& (iderum Monarcha pr<strong>in</strong>cipio nubibLis<strong>in</strong>voTutus,moxerumpitilluftrior;<br />

&: faxjatSata clariLis rutilat, &; aurum <strong>in</strong> igne probatum<br />

purgatur , cSc navis agitata procellisaltiLisfurgit, velociuscurrit, ipfi turb<strong>in</strong>es flabra<br />

funt, quibus ultra Herculis cancellos poitatur. Et Auftriaca Poteftas tot probata cafibus, ve-<br />

xata<strong>in</strong>fidiis, jaftatafludlibus, felici exitu <strong>in</strong> utriusque &orientis&occidencis Im<strong>per</strong>ium glo-<br />

riofa <strong>in</strong>feret vexilla , ex utroqu e Ox. far,<br />

QUtESTIO III.<br />

'^lDe Figuraceufrima proprietate Cometarum,<br />

tl<strong>in</strong>quepotiflimum quafi proprietaces cometarum, de quibusquxftio<strong>in</strong>ftitui poteft,<br />

obfervantur. Primaeftfigura, prxfertimcaudaillam<strong>in</strong>ax, quxfiagelli<strong>in</strong>ftarmundofublunariexoritur.<br />

Secundaeftmagnitudo, tertiacolor,quartamotus,(S(:qu<strong>in</strong>.<br />

tademum duratio. De{>rimahicduntaxaterit(ermo,tametfijam fj<strong>per</strong>iiis <strong>in</strong>quxft,<br />

1. aliquid (it adum. Hanc fufius &: eleganter M. Manilius 1. 1, Aftron. hifce verfibus expo-<br />

fuic-;<br />

Diverfas qtioque <strong>per</strong> facies accenfa fermitur<br />

Lmvhia, quafuhitis exisiunt nata tenehris.<br />

Nam modo ceu longi fluitent de vertice, cr<strong>in</strong>es,<br />

Flamma comasimitatavolat, tenuisque capilhis<br />

Difufos radiis ardentihus explicat ignes.<br />

tiuncprior hecfpecies diverps cr<strong>in</strong>ibus exit^<br />

Etglobus ardentisfequiturfib imag<strong>in</strong>e barbte.<br />

Interdum aquali laterum compag<strong>in</strong>e duBus,<br />

Quadratamve trahem f<strong>in</strong>git ,<br />

terctemve columnam,<br />

Qmn etiam tumidis exaquat doliaflammis,<br />

Procero difleiita utero , parvbsque cnpillos<br />

Mentitur parvos ignis glo7neratus <strong>in</strong> orbes.<br />

Hirtaflguratur tremulo ftib Itim<strong>in</strong>e mejfls.<br />

Lampadias flfliis ramofosft<strong>in</strong>dit <strong>in</strong> ignes.<br />

Ita fulfit cometa facis ardentis<strong>in</strong>ftar anno Chrifti i. &: anno 68. vifus gladio flamrnivomo<br />

rimilis,imm<strong>in</strong>ensurbiHierofolymx. Annode<strong>in</strong>de72,iaculifimilitud<strong>in</strong>eapparuif,columnx<br />

yQto imae<strong>in</strong>emreferensortus eftanno^S^. fiiiiiliter & lancex figuramretulifli^notatus anno<br />

I


hilofopliico-PoIitica. 6^<br />

5-50. lnmodumm:ixlmoe trabis <strong>per</strong> 4. menfes vifus eft 1017. Mirabilis & f<strong>in</strong>gulnrisplatie ^idclxitur<br />

comet-i anno ii8c. nam fcrpentem hirlucum rcprxlcntans nunc progrcdiebatur*<br />

nunc<strong>in</strong>fpiras lecjlligebat; nunccumhorrore<strong>in</strong>tucntium, quali <strong>in</strong>tbiorcs ex altodevora-<br />

turuseircc, huniani fangu<strong>in</strong>is avidus vaftum riolum apcriebat. Anno ifii. illuxit cometa <strong>in</strong><br />

Lombardia<strong>in</strong>ftarigneipavonis,equo, ciim evanuiiret , tres lapides fulphurei deciderunt)<br />

quorum primus 160. alcer 60. tertius 20. libras pondererequavit. Anno if^i. cometa vi(u<br />

tcrribilisDraconistbrmam re(ercns,caudamqueprxlongarn igneam extendens die 2, Aug,<br />

conipectus ert. Hxc occalionc figurx divedx <strong>in</strong> cometis annotatx, eruditionis causa annedere<br />

placuit.<br />

Oblcrva tamen,dilferentiascometarumpotilIimumex foladirpofitionevisusnoftis<strong>in</strong>-<br />

procul nempii hujusmodi coi-poraaliteracaliter<strong>in</strong>oculos no-<br />

cerSolem & comctas oriri ,<br />

ftros<strong>in</strong>currunt. Ifndc bene ctiam Sencca 1. 7. c. 11. de cometis differens ait : Sivef<strong>in</strong>t aliqux<br />

diftcrcncix illorum , fivc iion (<strong>in</strong>t ; eadem fiant omnia ratione neccflc cft. Quod (i tamen<br />

comecx extraord<strong>in</strong>ari.! & <strong>in</strong>lblita apparuiite figuri, qualcs paulo antecnumerati cenfentur,abA!tronomisadnotentur,<br />

f<strong>in</strong>gularihaud dubiodiv<strong>in</strong>aord<strong>in</strong>atione ad erudiendasmor*<br />

taliummentes de lccuturis <strong>in</strong>fblitis l<strong>in</strong>iftrx aut prol<strong>per</strong>xforciseventibusita etHgiatos fliifre<br />

credi poceft.<br />

Dubitabisnihilom<strong>in</strong>us&:quxres,quomodocaput cometx conftitutumfity Rcfp. Sc fic<br />

Conclufioprima: Caputcometxtormatumexmatcriacoelcfti,benecompadaambitur<br />

3cc<strong>in</strong>gicurabcxhalationibusveIpartibusxthereis m<strong>in</strong>ijsdenfis cSc opacis. Rurdisiicctfitopacum<br />

ac lucem refledtat , habec tamen eciam aliquam diaphancitatcm, qua lucem tiansmittit,<br />

live conftac tcnuiori , &: dilutiori matcria porisque <strong>in</strong>tcrfita, ut radiis folaribus haud difKculter<br />

cr.Tn(icum conccdercpodlt. Non cftaccenlum, lcdduntaxat a Sole illum<strong>in</strong>atum. Ratio<br />

alTertiuIcimi, dcquomaximd concroverlia eft, cx co de(ijmicur: quia (i cometa ignis eftct,<br />

motus cjusnequaqua<strong>in</strong>cn"cpofretade6regularis,&:conl^ans , nequecaputferret, nequecomam<br />

projiceret , ucpote cemere propullus violenco adionis ignex impecu, neque durare tamdiupolTct.<br />

De<strong>in</strong>deignis<strong>per</strong>pcndicuIariterfurli.imtcndit,cometxver6 cauda deorlum aliv<br />

quando, (xpe oblique , 6c fem<strong>per</strong> recta ex adverfb Solis porrigitur. H<strong>in</strong>c fequicur<br />

Concluliofecunda: Caudacometxeftrarioradhucmateria, qudmilla,undecaputc0»<br />

metxconftac, fed cjusdem tamenrationis, Non veroeft.ib <strong>in</strong>tr<strong>in</strong>feco accenfa Sc fplendi-<br />

da, (ed opaca &: illum<strong>in</strong>ata a folari lum<strong>in</strong>e <strong>per</strong> capuc cometx transmiilb. Ratio eft, quia, ficuc<br />

pcrquodIibetioramen,aucparcicuIam vicream convexam Sol radiola pyramide <strong>in</strong> conclave<br />

illucet; aut<strong>per</strong>variasliepenubes lum<strong>in</strong>ofus tradtusfurllim, deorfiimve projicitur, ciim vel<br />

igneacaeIoteIamitti,velcceIeftesvirgasvibraridicimus; eodemmodo transparcns effe po-<br />

teft cometx corpus, & iae6 radii (blares <strong>per</strong> illud vibrancur. Sic ctiam confpicitur <strong>in</strong> vitreo<br />

globoIbIido,autaquapIeno , ita<strong>per</strong> anguftum fbramen <strong>in</strong> obfcurum cubiculum illabente ,<br />

ut pars radiorum <strong>in</strong> parietem album <strong>in</strong>cidat, pars marg<strong>in</strong>eglobicxcipiatur. Confirmatur<br />

hocpoti<strong>in</strong>mumexeo,qu6d<strong>in</strong>omnibuscometis,quiabanniscentum apparucre, caudafem<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>adverlamaSoIepartcmprotenditur;<br />

quod argumcntum eft, caudamillameflerario*<br />

rem matcriam aradiis Solis <strong>per</strong> capuc & corpus cometx crajedtis 8c rctradtis illum<strong>in</strong>acam. Aliquandotamcnobfervatumeft,<br />

comctamcaudam projicere <strong>in</strong> oppofitum altcriusftcllxvalde<br />

luccntis,&:prxcipue Veneris, quiatunccaudafbrmaturex radiis Veneris. H<strong>in</strong>c<br />

Ben(}expIicaripoccftprim6,curcaudam<strong>in</strong>usficilIum<strong>in</strong>aca, quamcorpuscometx, racio<br />

eft,quia cxhalationes & partes xthercx rariores,tbrmantes caudam, funt m<strong>in</strong>us opacx , atque<br />

adebrcricctunc m<strong>in</strong>orcmIucem,qu.\mcorpuscometx.<br />

Hxplicatur (ccundo, cur cauda fbleat etle latior <strong>in</strong> f<strong>in</strong>e , qu^m <strong>in</strong> pr<strong>in</strong>cipio^imaf^lnem<br />

pyramidis<strong>in</strong>verfxeriigians. Ratioeft, quiaradiiretraaipo(\quamuniuntur<strong>in</strong> aliquopun-<br />

cto, de<strong>in</strong>dc decuflantur,


64 Mcteorologia<br />

Explicaturquarto : CurComette aliqui caudam <strong>in</strong>itio non habent, de<strong>in</strong>de vero illam<br />

acquirant, vel etiamillama<strong>in</strong>ittant; hocenimexeoevenit, quia radi<strong>in</strong>oa <strong>in</strong>itio penetrant<br />

opacioremmatcriam,quamde<strong>in</strong>deienfim<strong>per</strong>vaduntj f<strong>in</strong> autem condenfetur materia, Comette<br />

prius comati aut caud sri, glabri omn<strong>in</strong>o ftunt.<br />

Arguestamenadhuccontradiaaprimo: caudacometxaliquando non omn<strong>in</strong>o <strong>in</strong> direftumSolis,<br />

(ed defleclendoaboppofito<strong>in</strong>aliquampartemprojicituriUtde cometa ann. iffg»<br />

oblervat Rothaiannus , de cometa anni 1^77. notat Tycho, & de cometa ann. ipg.<br />

aflerit Snell!us,quando caudanon illum<strong>in</strong>aturaradiis fblaribus. Refpondeo, oriri hoc ex<br />

diverf;ifiguracometK,qua;figuracauratdiverramrefra6lionem; five clarius;fieri hoc, quia<br />

radiuspropterprofl<strong>in</strong>ditatc<strong>in</strong>ecvariamopacitatemcapitiscometx avertitur ,utnon exeat <strong>in</strong><br />

oppofitum; ide6quefoletidevenireipfbflatim<strong>in</strong>itio,quandoadhuceftopacior materia, &.<br />

<strong>in</strong>digefl:a;ubiautemopacitas ilIamajorfracl:afuerit,laxat exitum, «Situncradius<strong>in</strong>diredum<br />

cmicat.<br />

Arguesfecundo: Et eftpotifITmaobje£tio, licetradii<strong>per</strong>refraaionem <strong>in</strong>fleaaiitur, Sc<br />

faciantangulum, adhuctamen nunquam propagantur <strong>per</strong>l<strong>in</strong>eam curvam , fed folum <strong>per</strong> re-<br />

£tam, conftatautem , quod fxpe apparuerit cauda curva , falcata (Sc arcata, ergo. Refpoadeo,utfupcrius3nnotavimus,<br />

idoriri exfenfuumillufione, Nequeenim efi;novum,redam<br />

l<strong>in</strong>eamcontemplantialongevidericurvam. Sicnavigantibus littora eciam reaavidericurva.<br />

Ratioveroaprioripoteftdefumiexdef<strong>in</strong>itionel<strong>in</strong>e2ecircularis,atqueadeocurv£e ; omnis<br />

enjm I<strong>in</strong>ea,cuius omnespartes aque diftantabaliquopuncto, quod eftcentrum, eftcircularis,


Philofophico-Politica,<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Incentores malorum ne tolerentui'.<br />

1 diluur c Come xl.derumabortus, ^camannunuimorborumatquebellorum,acutaorien i.<br />

t.s So].slucepelluntur. Caudatis his oculis Sol fp<strong>in</strong>a dt. Venenatas bdSs ri.mme<br />

usglad.us expurgat. Paradifus nontoleratalpidisvenenum. \falorum <strong>in</strong>cen:oi^rve«<br />

humano: converlat.on^ funt, <strong>in</strong> commerciis co.uagium : contadlu nocent. Tbortuc hZ^<br />

n.genensunt,pdhsRe.publ.cx. Piacrudelitastftexilii autpa^nar malo malo meder T<br />

m.naoppnmere,..p.etatis. Scdusamat,eiuitoleratfcderato?. Impiu eft quTcum pi':<br />

dl,nonv,altlc.nt.llas.ncend.orumreft<strong>in</strong>guerc.G.afratur<strong>in</strong>vic<strong>in</strong>ascEdesflamJ,ci.m3^<br />

"^ "^ ' confortio pdUrbr ablegecur ,<br />

focium<br />

utTh^xt'<br />

<strong>in</strong>toxicatrhuic^iibcfe.<br />

tatita%u, fo. tovec. e?°"l'r Un.us culpa .n plures redundat: 6c r».d„s ipfe fi,i , qui maloco^vixerlt.<br />

Mcnander.conrent.tmalo, quimalos tolerat ; tolerat, qui non toIlitfMonet Satius PoS<br />

- - - Primo <strong>in</strong> Umlfiejlfle<br />

Str^J.j.<br />

CottMHsfceUr,im.,aicjHeaHimos<strong>in</strong>fand


66 Mercorologia<br />

DHmJpeBant oetili Ufis , Iddmmr& t'pjf<br />

AdidtnqMe corporibns tranjitlone nocent,<br />

Integergrexquomodoruecorreptusabic<strong>in</strong> ru<strong>in</strong>amy a vlc<strong>in</strong>a ove labes contrahitur: & ferpitmembrorumconrangu<strong>in</strong>itate<strong>in</strong>teft<strong>in</strong>ummorbimalum,<br />

quoad prop<strong>in</strong>quitate cor, vits<br />

Jmtn. caput corripiatur,<br />

$a,t, 2^ Dcdithanc contaqio lahem. Tuvenalis.<br />

QAxmWMVLxh':^ Romam cemprehenderehello qucereret, Sagunt<strong>in</strong>os belli<strong>in</strong>centores aggi"e(rus eft.<br />

Cunidomefticisfedicionibusres Romanaturbaretur , <strong>in</strong>diftidiorumcapicaJuliusCcelaranittvittsl,<br />

madvertit. EtAlexandercoercitionetrcdecim(edicio(brummilitumtoti exercituiquietem<br />

3


Pliilofophico-Politica. S^<br />

Alterproprius, quomovetur <strong>in</strong>circulo maximo circa Solem> vel ab occafu <strong>in</strong> brtum, vel a<br />

Septcntrione<strong>in</strong>Audrum, velabAoftro<strong>in</strong>Septcntrionem, Senecanarratduos, unumtemporeCl.iudii,aitcrumtemporeNeronismotosaScptcntrione<br />

<strong>in</strong> Aulhum-. Unde communioreorummotuseil<strong>in</strong>Septentrioncm^quodAriltotelcs<br />

& plerique Aftronomi oblervaverunt.<br />

ItatcftaturNicepliorusdccometavifotemporeTlieodoiii: Regimontanusdecometai47f.GemmaFriliusdecomet3if5'2.


68 » <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Cumenimaerisregioficcis abundat exhalationibus, fatiliJiitEflammamconcipiunt &:exar-"<br />

clcrcunt<strong>in</strong>cometasaccedentibusmaximcaliarummaceriarum p<strong>in</strong>guibus <br />

autvef<strong>per</strong>i>5(Sceftpropehori2ontem , quamnam diftantiam obt<strong>in</strong>eat ab aliqua fteljaeifu<strong>per</strong>iori;<br />

(Scdeitide,quandojamcircaverticemeft, notetur, aneandemdiftantiam adhuc obti-<br />

neat. Quodi<strong>in</strong>onobt<strong>in</strong>et, fignum eft, non efi"e <strong>in</strong>feriorem itellis fixis, fed <strong>in</strong>ipfofirmamcntolucercfivcro<br />

diftantiammutavit, fignumeft, eum efTe <strong>in</strong>feriorem. Cumenimftellae<br />

ob remotionem diverfb locoj <strong>in</strong> quocunque fitu f<strong>in</strong>t, non afpiciantur , fi &: cometae feu <strong>in</strong> Horizonte-jfeu<strong>in</strong>Meridiano,<br />

<strong>in</strong>eodemfitu<strong>in</strong>tueantur » cum ipfis eMem diftantia potiri judicandum,<br />

Sect<strong>in</strong>dus medus defumitur ex duobuslocis dift<strong>in</strong>(9:is <strong>per</strong> aliquot gradus ad <strong>in</strong>vicem , fed<br />

tamen fub eodemmeridiano exiftentibus; namquefi cometa eadem horaobfervatus,eandem<br />

abaliquaftellafixa, quae (it <strong>in</strong>eodemmeridianocum cometa diftantiam habet,fignum eft,<br />

. -riullara pati paralaxim. Qupd ii a duobus obfervatoribus diverfx ab ea ftella obfervatCE (unt<br />

-diftaarijE:jamparalaximpatitur,quce(juantomajoreft ut,diximus eo cometam oftendit terra<br />

vic<strong>in</strong>iorem.<br />

Tertius modus eft, <strong>per</strong> filum,nam cum cometa, cum proprio curfu lentefcit,vixmoveatur<br />

aboccafu <strong>in</strong> ortum-,tunc quando cometa Meridianum tenet, obfervetur, quibus cum ftel-<br />

Hs<strong>in</strong>re(3:amL<strong>in</strong>eamfitpra:tenfoanteoculos filo, qui Sc <strong>per</strong>cometam, (Sc <strong>per</strong> duas ftellas <strong>in</strong><br />

dire


Philofophico-Politica. «9<br />

tuf<strong>in</strong>iuntur, fuoque <strong>in</strong> flore violento gladio demetuntur. Romanus Poeta his brevibus<br />

regnis lefTum canit.<br />

11,<br />

fioUntA nemo ItnfcriA eent<strong>in</strong>ith diu.<br />

ModcratA dmMit :<br />

.hr.<br />

StneCA ia<br />

Tra*d,,<br />

Quod velmuliebris<strong>in</strong>geniiacum<strong>in</strong>eLiviaAugufta ad fuum Auguftum edixit : VloltHti, ^Stio- j),'o CAlf^<br />

nest HtHtfnnt omn<strong>in</strong>o jnjtijfma-, irrit^nt, manfuetit flacent. Quod adeo eft natura comparatum, /. jj^<br />

utbrutorumquoqucanimantiumterociftima blandiendo cicurentur; alia timidiflima atque<br />

imbeciliflima, male habitaatqueoflenfa, irritentur. Et vermiculus vexatus irate fe contrahit,&:apum<br />

crabronumqueagm<strong>in</strong>aexcitata,<strong>in</strong>vulnera fe fe aculeant; & Scorpius venena<br />

emitcit, liviolencepremitur. Alvero: Idtantumcarmen Orpheo ah Amphione, ^uod tantapleUro EumtH.<br />

fidiljHSijue dukedo quamfecuta quondam fa.xis. <strong>per</strong>hibentur , ut ducentibus fubveEla modulis & ad<strong>in</strong>tervalla pro recarm<strong>in</strong>um<br />

refiflentia , fponte murum velut arte confiruerent, Nonne <strong>in</strong> Im<strong>per</strong>atortius tanta <strong>in</strong>efl animo- flaur.<br />

rumimpttus ciendivist utdumm<strong>in</strong>isacvi e.vaf<strong>per</strong>ant, moderatione id juhere poff<strong>in</strong>t , quod fuadere co- Schol, ad<br />

naniur. Non itaquc violente im<strong>per</strong>a , ut exal<strong>per</strong>es ; fed clementer jubeas , ut blande fleftas. Dioclet.<br />

Mediocritasoptima, Cieobulivox eft,<strong>in</strong>tervctcrumGraEci£efapientumparoemiasrelata:Ne & Ma^<br />

violente nimis , neque clementcr. Quodfi alterutraeligenda,regacClemenua, xi».<br />

quu gubernatore clcmenciflima dom\x% Aufiria Erit<br />

In Orlte llltima.<br />

-mv?^"<br />

I; QILE-


:<br />

jo Mcteorologia ^<br />

QUtESTIOV.<br />

DeVrognofikOijeu Jigmficatione ^ effeElibns Come-<br />

tarum.<br />

ENumeratis generibus & formis , caufis & proprietatibus comecarum, de prognoftico<br />

feufignificationeeorundem etiamagcndum. Etquamvisrecepcillimaliadtenus apud<br />

fapientiflimosquosquetamPhilofophos^Altronomos , Hiftoricos ac Poetas, quam<br />

etiamEthicos&Theologoseafueritop<strong>in</strong>io, quam recentior 1-oecarum nonnemohis<br />

Verfibus expofuit<br />

Uiida-,famesi igrns , contagt'a,pr£liai motus<br />

Terra-i RegnortimqHe vices^foft ft<strong>in</strong>erii Regum,<br />

H£cfltnt-, cjUAjignat coeli tibi Munde cometes,<br />

tommunitamenhuicafTertoacerrimefefe opponuntquidam&pr^Ecedentis &: hujusfeculi<br />

Novatoresftatuentesocometasomnesefiecorporaomn<strong>in</strong>o e fecundiori natursf<strong>in</strong>u<strong>in</strong>fublimiori<br />

a:therearegionegenitaviprorfusnaturali,autefiemundocoxva (ideranec adaliumf<strong>in</strong>em,<br />

qua<strong>in</strong>admundiornatum&decorem, reriimqueCofmicarumvarietatem & Creatoris<br />

gloriam enarrandamproduftaf<strong>in</strong>eullacum rebus <strong>in</strong>ferioribus & terrenis conncxione ; adeoque<br />

nec quicquam trifte aut fatale unquam porcendiffe, fed cafu duntaxat fadtum , quod <strong>in</strong> Fatalesorbis<strong>in</strong>ferioriseventus,quialiundeetiam,<br />

nonexorientecometa , contigifient, eorum<br />

apparitones<strong>in</strong>cider<strong>in</strong>t. Quidhac <strong>in</strong> re nos fentiamus <strong>per</strong> fequentes conclufiones breviter<br />

expediemus, quare fit<br />

Conclufio i.Cometas, quifiunt <strong>in</strong> aere, portendere naturaliter pofle terra; ficcitates,<br />

ventos,terra;motus,famem,&peftilentias. Ratioex eodeducitur, quiafignificant, exquibusconftant,&<strong>in</strong><br />

quxdifi^olvuntur. Conftanc aucem cx magna copia exhalacionis licca;;<br />

(iccitatemfequituragrorumfterilitas, quiaobhumoris<strong>in</strong>opiam terra annuus frugcs proierre<br />

nequit, Hancconfequiturannona;caricas,famcs,&:tandem peflis, tum ob fitcidum defla-<br />

grantis materise halitum, a quo hom<strong>in</strong>es <strong>in</strong>ficiuntur , tum propter nimiam corporum exliccacionem,&:humidiradicalisconfumtionem;<br />

undelevioccafione corpora morbo opprimLui-<br />

Sequuntur<strong>in</strong>undationesaquarum &:terrcEmotus; fumi enim illarum poft <strong>in</strong>cendium<br />

tur,<br />

difTipati,&<strong>in</strong>aeremfparfiventoscient,e6squeprKter folitumaugent; venti mare commovent,ut<br />

nontantiimnaufragiaaccidant, fed eci.im gravisfimcefianc<strong>in</strong>undationes&alluviones.<br />

Hiipfiautemflatus,(iterra2<strong>in</strong>cludancur,eandemquaciunc,6


Philofopliico-Politica. 71<br />

mores habent ad accenfionem magis accommodatos, & pcracuds Sc <strong>per</strong>iculofis morbis obno.<br />

xios, cimi<strong>in</strong>dcliciisvivant, &a mulcisrebusnonabd<strong>in</strong>eant, qux <strong>in</strong> tam (iccaccxliconftitu-<br />

tionc[.)iurimum vitaleroburoblxderelolcnt, cujusmodi li<strong>in</strong>texercitia vehemcntia, uliis v<strong>in</strong>orum<br />

valdepocentium&aromatum, nocturnxcommenationes, (Scid genusalia ; H<strong>in</strong>c enimfieripoteft,<br />

utfacile <strong>in</strong>tereant Pr<strong>in</strong>cipes, velratione<strong>in</strong>tem<strong>per</strong>iei, velbellorumoccalione<br />

; ad quorum tata lequuntur regnorum & legum mutacioncs, quia novus Rex,nova lex, di-<br />

ci pocelt.<br />

Ad hos effedus Cometarum etiam illorum caufa efficiens, <strong>in</strong>fluentia nfimpe (ideruni aliquidconterrepotefl,<br />

docecenim Ptolomxuslib.2.t]uadripart.opens,quasacometis porten-<br />

dantur, ejusmodieHe, qualiaMarti, &Mercurio, &: cxterisPlanetis<strong>in</strong>prxceptisliiis aflignant<br />

Altrologi. Quando ergo exempli gr. Martis iiaturx vel Mercurii comctx funt , tunc<br />

bella, crudeIitates,exicium


72<br />

Mcteorologia<br />

Ludovici RegisHungarixad Mohatzium ; Budam captam, uti& Romanam llrbem ab exercitu<br />

Caroli V. DuceBorbonio occupatam ; irruptionemTurcarum <strong>in</strong> Germaniam, <strong>in</strong>deaSolymannoViennamAuflriteobfefTamcumdevaftationepluriumRegionum.<br />

Annoij^^.Come.<br />

tes<strong>in</strong>gentis magnitud<strong>in</strong>is viCusefl, fubtecutum Ibhilma Anglicanum hsrefi conjun61;um ob<br />

negatamaRomanoPontificedifrolutionemmatrimonii,quo<strong>in</strong>du(3:o Henricus Rex (ecaput<br />

Ecclelix edixit. Anno ifj^. cometes apparuit , fecuti <strong>in</strong>gentes terrarmotus , aeftas maxima<br />

undefbntes&flum<strong>in</strong>aexaruerunt, domorumcediticiaacfylviE Solisardore<strong>in</strong>cenla. Cometes<br />

anni i^-^g. <strong>in</strong>felicem Ferd<strong>in</strong>andi Regis pugnam cum Turcarum exercitii portendebat, ab eo<br />

enim<strong>in</strong>fugama6lusmultamilliaami(it. Exorta etiam <strong>in</strong> Italia & Brabantia magna annonx<br />

caritasacdirapeflis. Anno jf^i. cometa vifu terribilis confpedlus, & paulo poft Turca <strong>in</strong><br />

Moravia, Silefia & Aufhia crudeliilimcgraffatus. Peitis dira prope Rhcnum <strong>in</strong> Germania 6c<br />

Auflriamultamilliahom<strong>in</strong>umabfijmpfit. CarolusV. etiam <strong>in</strong>feiiciter trajecit <strong>in</strong> Aliicam><br />

multis mercibus &c militibus procellosa tcmpcftate fubmerlis. Buda a Ferd<strong>in</strong>ando Rcge Hun-<br />

garix-obfelTa, verumviduaJoannisWayvvodtTurcas <strong>in</strong>vocavit, quiobfidionepullaarte Sc<br />

aftuBudam extorlit, &:2.Sept. eandem occupavit. Anno iffg. cometa atri coloris veruimag<strong>in</strong>cexbihensaftullit,<br />

quemmorsCaroliV.Imp. 27. Septembr.<strong>in</strong> coenobio morientis 6<br />

vefligio excepit;ad confpedumvero cometx fubfequentisanni mortuus eft Henricus fecundu8RexGal!ia:,acpaul6poftPauIusIV.<br />

acif. Card<strong>in</strong>alcs; itemHercules Dux Ferraria;, Rex<br />

Dania.', DuxVenetorumLaurentius, multiquePr<strong>in</strong>cipcsalii. Annode<strong>in</strong>de if^o. cometa<strong>in</strong><br />

Galliavifus,&;moxobiitFrancifctisII. RexGallia, quemquadriennio poft ad fimilem TragicamtacemrecutusFerd<strong>in</strong>andusIm<strong>per</strong>ator,<br />

Zigethi<strong>in</strong>Hungaria expugnatioa Turcis , 6c<br />

NicolaiSer<strong>in</strong>ii Herois fortiflimi casdes. Anno i)-82, cometes vifiis Henrico tertio Regi Gal-<br />

lia: tatalis, quippe cultello a monacho <strong>in</strong>terfedtus. Cometa ann. 1^83. funeftumbellum <strong>in</strong><br />

Archiepifcopatum Colonienfem<strong>in</strong>tulit, ubiErneftusDuxBavariceadverfiisGebhardumTruchfelium<br />

Proteftantium fidem ampledtentem, ac uxorem ducentem , libertatemque ReligionisfubjectisconcedentemArchiepifcopusdeclaratuscil.<br />

Annoij^Sj' cometatere cr<strong>in</strong>itus 7ificati'onem.,<br />

Ht fHgiantkfaciearcHs, Nonnegaverimtamen, hosaliquibus fauftos eftc- pofTe, nunquamenimaliquidita<strong>per</strong>niciofumexiltituni<br />

, qu<strong>in</strong> non


Philofophico-Politic^. 73<br />

Colligiturfecund6,nonomti<strong>in</strong>orecedendum efFeab iliorum fententia, quicoelumNaturxlibrumcxS.ScripturJE&antiquorum<br />

Rabb<strong>in</strong>orum tcltimoniiseilevel<strong>in</strong>t, dicantquellel-<br />

las veluci ciiaradercs ibidem allignatos , Dcum porro , dum malum extraord<strong>in</strong>ariura mortalibus<br />

eventurum lit;niticare deliderat, extraord<strong>in</strong>arias ftellas <strong>in</strong> coelo accendere (blere. AltilHmus<br />

enim,<strong>in</strong>quit 1\ Kirchcrus <strong>in</strong> Phyfiologia nova,litpiirimc uticur caulis naturalibus ut hieroglyphicis,ut<br />

homo <strong>in</strong> his legat hoc, quod lapientia div<strong>in</strong>a delcripferit <strong>in</strong> coelo, cerra 6c elemcn-<br />

tis, ut,iilemitaspra;ceptorumDiv<strong>in</strong>orumegredicur, illa hom<strong>in</strong>i horrorem<strong>in</strong>cutiant, illumqucad<br />

mcliorem trugem reducant. Prxtereaaddit Ricciolus , ut admoneantur Patresiamilixtkocconomi<br />

adprudentcmpadimoniam;magiltratus vero ad avertendam aeris <strong>in</strong>tettionem,morborum<br />

contagia,(S(: bellorummotus. LIndededuciturcontraLongomontanum,ttnemCometarum<br />

noneflead rcpurgandamduntaxat aerisftacionem.<br />

Colligiturtercio, dato, quodgeneratioCometsfitres plane naturalis ,<br />

de quo acriter<br />

complures Authorescontrovertunt,maletamen <strong>in</strong>tertur, eum non pofreeflefignum extraord<strong>in</strong>ariumalterius<br />

rei, utiirislicct lit res plane naturalis, lignum eit gratix &c tocderis div<strong>in</strong>i<br />

cum gencrehumano; De<strong>in</strong>delici^tnaturalemhabeatorig<strong>in</strong>em, curnon Providentiadiv<strong>in</strong>a<br />

ex pecul iari dilpolitione ord<strong>in</strong>are pofl'ct,ut tunc iblum orbi afllilgeat, quando mortales punire<br />

decernit.<br />

CoHigitur quirto : Lic^t non omnes cometas fubfecuta fit calamitas , eam tamen fignificarepotuerunt,quemadmodumJonjeprophetiapra'dixitN<strong>in</strong>ivce<br />

ru<strong>in</strong>am , qustamenhaud<br />

fccutaclt,novitenimdiv<strong>in</strong>aNemelistulmenfijlpendere, fi nosnoverimus a delicto mentem<br />

rctrahere.<br />

Colligiturqu<strong>in</strong>to; utfu<strong>per</strong>iiisexKirchero annotavimus, tametfi multi Reges & Pr<strong>in</strong>-<br />

cipes lato tuncti f<strong>in</strong>t,multaque regiones everli l<strong>in</strong>e piKvia cometa; tace,manet tamen hic, u-<br />

bi illuxerit,impendentis mali (ignum, fic multcc etiam pluvix' exaere dccidunt,quas iris non <strong>in</strong>-<br />

dicavit, 6c tamen iris apparitio non ceffat cfle (ignuni pluvicE. Neque enim Deus obligatur<br />

utliim<strong>per</strong>extheliiurisnaturieiigna&porcenta <strong>in</strong> coeio oftendat, 6c ad relipifcentiam admo-<br />

neat.<br />

ColligestamenS. vanaefl^ecometarum prognoftica, qux fubfequuntur k Pl<strong>in</strong>iofwapparetdoloresoculorum , boum peftem augurat; <strong>in</strong> Tauro frigus vehemcns;<br />

<strong>in</strong>C7fw;«/igrandi3tonitrua, <strong>in</strong>Mwcromortesfubitas, <strong>in</strong> leone bella; <strong>in</strong> virg<strong>in</strong>e fcbres \<br />

\\\ Libra liccitatem , <strong>in</strong> ftgittario a-ftum , <strong>in</strong> Capricomo Religionum deprelfionem , <strong>in</strong> Aqnario<br />

fulm<strong>in</strong>a, <strong>in</strong> H\cihus fidei mutationem. Hs &: fimiles fpecialcs prognofes explodendx po-<br />

tius, quam approbandx funt, cumpraEtervanamfciendicuriofitatem,nihil tblidx rationis<br />

cont<strong>in</strong>eanc<br />

Quaeres,an cometarum apparitiones posf<strong>in</strong>t ab Aftronomis pradiciyRefpondet Hevelius<br />

negativ^, dum <strong>in</strong> cpift. die 27. Jan. i66f. ad D. Lubieniecium ita (cribit : mirum lane multum<br />

qui fieriunquam posfit,cLim Aftrologi glorientur, fe poflecometasadeb prxcise praedicerc,<br />

quod tamoius ille Aftrologus Germanus (Schimferus) circa pacem Turcicam , qux eodem<br />

anno,quobellum m<strong>in</strong>abatur, <strong>in</strong>itaeft, adeo enormiter aberraverit. Profbaoadeomulta»<br />

imo contraiia verba nonnunquam funditant,ut mirum eftet, fi cadj unum aut alterum non att<strong>in</strong>gerent.<br />

Quammultos cometasexconjundtionibus magnisprcEdixerunt,quorumnullus<br />

fanehumanis oculisvifusefty ita ille. EtRatiocft, quiaprididtiocometxeftresprorfus<strong>in</strong>certa,<br />

namfiventos, fulm<strong>in</strong>a&fimiliameteora prxdicere res pland fallibilisfit, quantomagis<br />

prxdicerecometam; fiquidemm.ijusopuseftnaturxproduccrecomctam, quammeteora,potencioresque<br />

qucunt<strong>in</strong>tervenire cau(x,eflredus fiderum impedientes.<br />

» ,


74<br />

Mcteorologia<br />

J P P E N D I X,<br />

QllKrianonpaucisfolet, numftella, quce magos duxic ad prterepe Dom<strong>in</strong>i cometa fuerit,<br />

vel aliquod aliud illuftre meteoron. Huic qusfito fatisfaciunt Conimbricen-<br />

"ies , negando quoad primam partem fteilam hanc luifre cometam , cum ea, qux de nutu<br />

ra & <strong>in</strong>geniocometarum, deiilorum motu & evanelcenciafubdiurno lum<strong>in</strong>e&diftantia a<br />

terrisdidafunt,m<strong>in</strong>imeiiuicftell£econveniant. Ha;cenim biennio,utquidamvolunt fpeftandam<br />

fe<strong>per</strong>petuo tam<strong>in</strong>terdiuquam nodtu dabat tanto fplendore, ut alia ccelilum<strong>in</strong>a y<strong>in</strong>ceref<br />

occultabatur , dumopus erat, eoque fe <strong>in</strong> terrara demific ut Ephebi <strong>in</strong>ftarRegibus<br />

prielucerettaceviamquemonftraret,donecconftiteritfupra fpeluncam Neo-nati Salvatoris,<br />

Fuit igiturMeteorum quidem,fed nuUum exhaaenusdi6tis,verum<strong>in</strong>folitum planeSc f<strong>in</strong>gui3re,nonnacurali,fedAngelicavirtuteexmateriafublunariconflatum,<br />

valdeilluftre , quod<br />

Angelim<strong>in</strong>ifterio <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>teriore aeris regione devehebatur. Ita communiterSS.PP. QuamvisS.Chryf.hom.6.<strong>in</strong>cap.2.Macth.&:<br />

quidamaliiexiftiment, fuifleAngelum, quieafigura<br />

apparuerit,<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

2-3.<br />

Laboribus ne plus aequo gravet.<br />

JV". zs<br />

-<br />

Meteo-


Philofophico-Poliaca. 75<br />

'Eteoriftarum fcirum eftiComecam <strong>in</strong> Domo Librx vifum turbas prarfajMre , ac velud<br />

t'jiroribusplagisi.]UCtbrmid.uidusJupitcrlaxorum mole prorgravatos Gij^<strong>in</strong>tcs contru<br />

learmavit: IcalaborumpciJidcrepreirus fubditus fatifcat necelVe efl:, auc <strong>in</strong> prcmcntem<br />

lcDom<strong>in</strong>un-i erigat. Xon luntdegenere coclorum lcrvi : illisnec mora, ncc rcquies;<br />

horum imbecillitas levamen quxrit , ut vires colligant. GaHdentDrj<strong>in</strong>a fcrpctuo motHi&j!:g{a-<br />

gttationcveictat sionitni. Indefcjpt vertigo cdum rotat. Maria ttjlibns ii^jnieta fnnt , & fiAre Sol nefcit. l,at<strong>in</strong>ui<br />

At ntortalium nemo el} , (jHifiriis rchits Mijve Ltharihxs <strong>in</strong>toitKS <strong>per</strong>petMO efjc pojjit , fid ipfa natitra cujusvis Pacattu<br />

dii.-^uod foLttium dejiderat. SoHcitudo l<strong>in</strong>eotio, labor l<strong>in</strong>equietc, occupatio l<strong>in</strong>e vacatione,ex- /« Paneff.<br />

ercitiumf<strong>in</strong>etranquillo, fatigatiof<strong>in</strong>elbmno,<strong>per</strong>pctuum mobile efl, humeris hom<strong>in</strong>um<strong>in</strong>- 77W.<br />

conveniens. NecHerculesjnecOrioncont<strong>in</strong>uo motu<strong>in</strong> terris agitabantur; poftquam <strong>in</strong>- a/mucI.<br />

terlideratranslati,errantl<strong>in</strong>cquiccc <strong>in</strong>orbem rcvoluti. Aurei Gigantis , Solis, requies cft educat.<br />

moveri: &hom<strong>in</strong>umvitaeft,pon:motumquiefcerc. reg.c.so.<br />

Quod 'uod caret alternA recjMie-, durabile non efi-,<br />

Hdc rep.irat vires t fejfa^ue membra lcvat.<br />

Nimioimpetuaquarumcopiaverfushydromylampvcccipitata, illam nonmodb noncircumagit,<br />

fedtirangitacdemolitur. Franguntur vircs, cumplus xquo premuntur; nam&equo<br />

fuaponderismenfuracftv quam trahat; (Scquod nimiumeft, camelus rejicit , non plus pa-<br />

Ovid.


76<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

''f^. ^5.3% '-ysii t^:;. e^v, t^-j; gfsX ^.-. qf tS5?i ^jm^ ('x^i c^(g^ c^iV. t:'/®;c C/fc. C/To-.. «fi<br />

DISSERTATIO V.<br />

De Meteoris apparentibus <strong>in</strong> fublimi.<br />

r\E Meteoris ignitis, qux vere rubfiftunt, & accenduntur <strong>in</strong> aere (exceptis<br />

-"-^fcilicet Gometisfu<strong>per</strong>lunaribus) <strong>in</strong>prioriDiirertatione egimus;nunc ad<br />

ea, quL«ignitanonfunt,redtantumapparentia, hoceft, qux reipracuranulUbi<br />

exiliantjfpecietamen & figura vifuntur, accedeudum erit. Dicuntur alias<br />

etiamlucida, quoniamlux ea eff<strong>in</strong>git <strong>in</strong>nube,quamproptercraftiticm»Scdehfitatemnonomn<strong>in</strong>openetrarepoteft.<br />

Ex varia enim lucis rcfraftione radii<br />

multiplicantur,&variemifcentur, «Sc exea radiorum mixtione exprimuntur<br />

colores, vel nudi, vel ad reialicujusimag<strong>in</strong>em conformati. H<strong>in</strong>c ea ab Ari-<br />

ftotelelimplicivocabulo (pnf,V/ita/o(,Act^/ct ftve via laftea , Vorago, Halo, Parelius,Parafelene,<br />

virgce, colores nubium,Iris. De quibus fmgulis pauca pro<br />

<strong>in</strong>ftitutibrevitatedift^iremus. Quarefit<br />

QUiESTIOI.<br />

Ee Circulo , ftve 'via iaciea,<br />

^^^^:^OXMeteonsapparentibLisprimolocooccurntvialaae3,quamdeganter,Iic^tpau.<br />

^ \}W^<br />

cisjdefcribic Sulmonenfis vates:<br />

v^^ Eftvia fnblimis coslo mayitfefiajire»et<br />

L^itlea nomen hahtti candercnotabilis ipfe,<br />

Dehac vialacleaexnoflrafubjicienda fententia,quameteorumenenegabimus,hictra(3:andi<br />

locus non forec, quia ramen ea Ariftotelis & plurium antiquorum Philofophorum f iiic op<strong>in</strong>io»<br />

hancdifTertationisgratiuMeceoris<strong>in</strong>ferimus. Llnde fic<br />

Concluiioprima: CirculuslafteuSjVelvialadteanoneftlumenftellarum, ut Democritus«5cAnaxagorasdocuerunt,quceaSoleobcerrcE<strong>in</strong>cerjettum<br />

non confpiciuncur; nec illius<br />

obfcuranturlplendore. Ratio eft,namprimofieri nequic , ut Sol omnes <strong>in</strong>errantes ftellas<br />

non fem<strong>per</strong>afpiciac; cumSol ficmulcomajorcocacerrcemole,at, ucPci-rpeftividcmonftranr,<br />

cumcorpusopacumobjiciturlum<strong>in</strong>ofb,aquo magnitud<strong>in</strong>e fu<strong>per</strong>atur, radiielum<strong>in</strong>ofo pro.<br />

deuntescoeunccandempoftumbramjadam a corporeopaco,unde jameorum dilTulIo non<br />

impeditur. Accedit, umbramterraenonpcrt<strong>in</strong>gereultraSphcEramMercurii, quohr, utter-<br />

rK<strong>in</strong>terpofitio neutiquam impedire valeatexplicationem radiorum folarium ad fidcra <strong>in</strong>er-<br />

rantia. Secun-do etfi hoc concederetur, non adhuc ea eftbt caufa latlei circuli , quia tunc Sol<br />

alias&aliasftellasdiverfistemporibus<strong>in</strong>flexafua latione afpiceret, aliasquidem, cdm <strong>in</strong> fi-<br />

gniscftAuftralibus ; alias ciim <strong>in</strong> feptentrionalibus ; alias<strong>in</strong>tEqu<strong>in</strong>cdfialicirculo^quareo-<br />

portetet,lafl:eum non <strong>in</strong> iisdem fem<strong>per</strong> fteliis cerni , nec eandem <strong>per</strong>petuo habcre f iiciem , fed<br />

pro tempore rnucari , quod fal fum efle docec ex<strong>per</strong>ientia.<br />

Conclufio fecunda : Nec efl mera <strong>in</strong> acre, ficuc <strong>in</strong>fj^eculo, lum<strong>in</strong>is reflexio , nec<br />

nieruscaIor,aucdenfiorignis, ut Macrobius Sc Diodorus op<strong>in</strong>abantur. Ratio primipatet<br />

ex paulo ante d:i£lis,quia alioqu<strong>in</strong> vialadtea non eandem conftanter ftationcm teneret, fed ficu<br />

&locomucareturad corporis lum<strong>in</strong>ofi circuitum, Ratio (ecundi eft, quia nec calor, nec<br />

ignis<br />

\


Philofophico-Poiitica. 77<br />

ignis aptacandoricaiilarunt, (Scc]uamvisctrciit,t^iisEigiiis, aiitcaloris <strong>in</strong>hacfolumcoeliparte<br />

excicaticaulatanierticaxtamqucconllans^ V<br />

Concluliotcrija. Nequecftmagnusaliquis & tctiuiscometa <strong>in</strong>fuprc<strong>in</strong>a acrisrcgione,<br />

autlato ditfufaOkcxubcranscxlialacionum contictio,qux<strong>in</strong>riammecurvi(lcllaruni multarum<br />

defupcrimm<strong>in</strong>entium , quani<strong>in</strong> ctiam <strong>in</strong>Huentia cont<strong>in</strong>uocxteiranuuimcncumcantoMeteorofbvendoextrahatur.<br />

EllcontraAriilotclemi.Mcccor.c. 8- quiadhocalicrcndum <strong>in</strong>duceb3Curprim6,quiautfpir.itioadconcipicndumfcrvandLimque<br />

ii;ncm idonea , ciim ILib<br />

aiiquolideieconcrevic,cr<strong>in</strong>itxllellx'faciemcxiiibet ; itaconlentancum efl:, l<strong>in</strong>iile quidacciderelubfplendidiHimoillonderumchoro,<br />

cui ladeus orbislLibjiticur, & toalclccre <strong>in</strong>ibi<br />

nonuna<strong>in</strong>,led<strong>in</strong>numerabiles (lellascr<strong>in</strong>itas, qux tota<strong>in</strong> ilia<strong>in</strong> viam igncaluce convcdiant,<br />

autcalidam&: liccamexhalationem<strong>in</strong>cu<strong>in</strong>locum evedam, & <strong>in</strong>nubeculamtcnucm «Sc raramcoadamlacccndant.<br />

Facileautem<strong>in</strong>eum tradumcopia vaporum elevari potclt, quod<br />

iftavianon<strong>in</strong>ccdatSol, Sc proptercanequeconfumerepotcllhanc materiam, Qu^i~)d vcro<br />

fub toto Zodiaco , qui magnis , lateque fplcndentibus llcllis abundat , non appareat cjusmodi<br />

candorladeus, eaulaeft <strong>per</strong>pctuus ibi Solis, alioriimque Pianetarumcurlus , quomatcria<br />

hxc o<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>o abfumitur. Induccbacur lecundo , quia tiiculus lacteus libi limilis undique non<br />

eft,led alicubiampIior,alicubicontradior, alibiclarior, alibiobfcurior ; rurlLisaliuluiparte<br />

fimplcx,aiiage<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>atus;qux dilcrim<strong>in</strong>anonalia<strong>in</strong> vidcnturhabcrecaulatn,niliqu6dexhalationumconglobaciomajor,m<strong>in</strong>6rvepromagniiud<strong>in</strong>e,&<br />

vi lidcrumeterraaflurgit,circulunique<br />

varietate illadift<strong>in</strong>guir. Ita Ariftotelcs philolbphabatur.<br />

Concraver6ha-cprim6eft,quomodo pocuicacomlito orbe hucufquetanta& tamconftanscopiaexhalationu<strong>in</strong>.iteiTa<br />

fuppeditaii. Sccundo, cur,qu6 leicnius, exhalationibusquepuriLiscoElumeft,viahceccandidiorlpedatur;<br />

quomodo item eodem fem<strong>per</strong> candore<br />

conlians niterct, (i vaporibus, quidivcr(()s a maccria: variecatc colores trahunt, conftaret.<br />

Tcicio, quxnam ea quxlb lidera hujus mcccori lam diuturni caulx. Q£art6 , non (olent<br />

metcoraeire<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>anentia, fedfluxa , «Sc ptT <strong>in</strong>teivalla exiftere, atqui Galaxia omnibus Ix-<br />

culis eode<strong>in</strong>omn<strong>in</strong>6<strong>per</strong>feveravicmodo,omnitemporeeandemle<strong>in</strong><strong>per</strong>tigura<strong>in</strong>, claritatem,<br />

quantitacem&dcnlitatemret<strong>in</strong>et, cLi<strong>in</strong>tamenhycmepaucx,xftatevero plurimx cxhalatio-<br />

nes <strong>in</strong> (u<strong>per</strong>iorem aerisregionem cludcncur,crgo lignum eft, nonmagis illam meccoru<strong>in</strong> efle,quamlicSoIvclLuna,<br />

Qu<strong>in</strong>to, (iide6taiH;ili^iiacionum<strong>in</strong>ulcicudoilliccoale('cit,quiapars<br />

cceli,cuilLibjicitur,trequentilli<strong>in</strong>is&lplcndidilhmisftellis conf<strong>per</strong>fa ell ; li<strong>in</strong>ile quid<strong>per</strong>petuoactidcret<strong>in</strong>aliisaetistradibus,<br />

quibus (eta<strong>in</strong>cxtraZodiacum) li nontantaliderumtre-<br />

qucntia , 6c magnitudo, at certe ea relpondet, qux ad alios circulos,licct oblcuriores , efficienr<br />

dos (at cfle debcret.<br />

H<strong>in</strong>ccoIIigiturprimocontraargumenca<strong>in</strong>contrariumallata, licetfub uno aliquofidere<br />

congregetur <strong>in</strong>Ecrdum exhalationum materia , qux cr<strong>in</strong>itam ftellam clTonnet, cont<strong>in</strong>gcrc tameri<br />

non pofTet, ut tot annorjm millibus tanta halituum vis fub ftellis ftagret, & circulum immen(xmagnitud<strong>in</strong>isde(cribat,<br />

(ednecc^rariotandcmabdimeretur &c evanefccret.<br />

Colligicur (ccundo : Ladeu<strong>in</strong> hunc circulum non ob divcditatem fiderum halitus <strong>in</strong> fublimeattiahcntium<br />

c(rcalibimajorc<strong>in</strong>,(5ccIariorcm,aIibim:norem Sc obfcuriorem , fed quia<br />

parces illx odavi orbis (ive f<strong>in</strong>namenti , <strong>in</strong> quo <strong>in</strong>(idet,ut mox dica<strong>in</strong> , non ubique eandem ya?<br />

rietatem & denfitatcm obt<strong>in</strong>et, Unde lcquicur<br />

Conclulioquarta. Circulusladeuselt <strong>in</strong> firmamenco. Ratio prxter dida eft, quia A?<br />

ftronomidcprehenduntGalaxia<strong>in</strong> non reddcrc u.latn paralaxim, vel diverfitatcm afpedQs,<br />

fed e diverlis regionibus <strong>per</strong> eadc<strong>in</strong> (idcra commeare ab omnibus cernitur. Secundo , codem<br />

modocu<strong>in</strong>firmamentoniovetur,(Scabortu<strong>in</strong> occafum, (Scvicilli<strong>in</strong>aboccafu<strong>in</strong>ortum, hoc<br />

cftunogradu ccntum annis.<br />

Conclulio 5". Via ergoladeacftparsctxlifivefirmamentiornata ftellulis <strong>in</strong>numcris, ita<br />

tamen exiguis, ut fugiant aciem oculorum, qux (i<strong>in</strong>uljundx clariorem reddunt illam parcem,<br />

ac vcluti taiciam, aCque adeo exhibenc qucndam caiidorc<strong>in</strong>. Patet hoc ipfum ad ocuIum,fi illamcoelipartem,<br />

ferena tempeftate,telolcopioaliquograndiore(SLexadeparato<strong>in</strong>li3icias,de-;<br />

prehendcsillamplagammaximam<strong>in</strong>utarumftcllularummultitud<strong>in</strong>e conlitam eHc, at dc illx<br />

ladea albed<strong>in</strong>e vidcbis planc nihil. Confiimari potcft a (imili, (Lime duas tabulas nigro colore<br />

imbutas, <strong>in</strong>harumunapunctacandida<strong>in</strong>ajotaquidcm, fi;d notabili <strong>in</strong>ter (c <strong>in</strong>tcrvaJIo diflTta,<br />

<strong>in</strong> altera vcro itidcm punda candida, fed parva , Ircquentiftimaque delcribe ; fi tabulas fic para-<br />

tasdpari, remotatamendiftancia<strong>in</strong>lptxeris,primamnigram albisdift<strong>in</strong>dampundis <strong>in</strong>vcnies,<br />

hxcverodiHimulacanigred<strong>in</strong>ctctacandidaelfcapparcbit. Pardccoclo , ftellismajoribusdk<br />

disfitis,ac m<strong>in</strong>oribus (Sc conjundis eftojuditiu<strong>in</strong>. H<strong>in</strong>c a capite , id cft, de novo <strong>in</strong>cipiendo<br />

<strong>in</strong>tisiturprimo, quodcciam(pecialiscandor,quiiiocatur<strong>in</strong>quibusdamaliispartibuscoeli,oriar<br />

tur ex limili multid<strong>in</strong>e ftellarum.<br />

K ; Infer-


Anntd.<br />

78 Metcorologia<br />

Infertur fecundo , quam vanaquorundam dehoclaaeocirculofuer<strong>in</strong>tcommenta. Pythagoras<br />

enim v.am hanc aftri cujusdam laplu,aiii Phaediontis c coelo calu attritam putarunt.<br />

1-uere, quiJacJunonisMercuriumladlantisertufumadfignandumhunccociicircuIumdifflu-<br />

xille crediderunt. Pafciamccch Theophraftus feu hemilpha:riorum juncturam aft"erebat, ra-<br />

tus, quodDeusccelumm duaspartesquali (cutellasprocuderit^&de<strong>in</strong>fferrum<strong>in</strong>ationehac argentea<br />

etiam n um (pedlabil i ju nxer it.<br />

Quoeresquiserteaushujusladtei circuli fit: Pl<strong>in</strong>ius lib. iS. c. 29. tribuit ei vimhumettandiatqueoptimofuccofeulaaealendi&impiendifruges.<br />

Hujusenim defiuvic<strong>in</strong>quit,<br />

veiutexubere aliquofatacundta laaefcunt,hoceft, fiEcundum & fruoiferumfruaum concipiunt.<br />

tgoahumhaudmfluxum <strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>feriora<strong>in</strong>venio, quamquivulKoaftrisomnibuscon-<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Per vefligia majorum afcenditiir ad gloriam.<br />

g-.s.f.<br />

PRaedecefTorum fac<strong>in</strong>ora fummaria funt, quibus Succeflbres <strong>in</strong>ftruuntur ad ccqualia, uc<br />

juvenes aquilse feniorum volatu ad fequelam <strong>per</strong>trahuntur : Ita majorum veftigia funt<br />

leges juniorum. Certe Tiberius Im<strong>per</strong>ator omnia/


Philofophico-Politica. 79<br />

bellicofn rangu<strong>in</strong>ep<strong>in</strong>xit,folo,quembakheLi!n<strong>in</strong>c<strong>in</strong>xic, circulo fuo <strong>in</strong> candoic relidVo. Cu-<br />

jus pvivliime<strong>in</strong>oiiam<strong>in</strong>lignicer Auftriatener, <strong>in</strong>lignica candido lcucibaltheo (angu<strong>in</strong>eo trans- Cranz.!t*s<br />

vcrlimcamnoilluddividente. Indeadeum, quem etiamnura rcnent glorix apicem , tot 1.9. Va»-<br />

Auljriacalldcra<strong>per</strong>tigere, ruolcmpcr<strong>in</strong>ladead tam gloriolam lemitam cnutriti, Nempe: clal.css.<br />

rortescre.tnturfortlhns& l>onis,<br />

Efl<strong>in</strong>vivencis-,eHi>ie(jH!Sfatrum _ H(irA$,<br />

Virtus^nec imbellemferoces<br />

Prngener.xnt AquiU columbam.<br />

Qii<strong>in</strong>tiMaximi & PubliiSciponislauscll, li quando Majorum fuorum imag<strong>in</strong>cs <strong>in</strong>tueren-<br />

tur, <strong>in</strong>riammarianimosfuosajebant, & <strong>in</strong>virtuolii afta<strong>in</strong>citari; nec ante conquiefcere p.oterant<br />

donec lemicam laudum ica decurrcrenc, uc rerum a le gedarum tama ac glorii eos omn<strong>in</strong>oexacquarcnt.<br />

Nempe PrA-deceiroresgloriolbshabuirietelicitatisell:, at imitari eft vir-<br />

tutis. Is mihivitietur yimpliffimns^ejHifua virtute <strong>in</strong> altiorem locum fervenit: Ciceronis efFatum eft. Cic, fro<br />

Dctuoaddemajorumexemplis. Illi Pharum accenderunt, tu remum<strong>in</strong>tende; Illi faccm Rofc.A^<br />

prxtulerunt, tufequcreprxcuntes. IIIitarciam& baltheum proprio Marce acarce merue- mer<strong>in</strong>.<br />

ruric;tudifcetanqu3madidcamacrcgulamornare& componerc vitamtuamjuxtaviamillo- 'Pit:puniccas, codemquefolari lum<strong>in</strong>e recedente veldeficienterurfusdeficere<br />

<strong>in</strong>albidas, c<strong>in</strong>ercas , & nigrasjuxta menfuram nempc <strong>in</strong>cidentislucis^Sc nubium tem<strong>per</strong>amenti,ergo(ignumeft,taIescoloreshaudemanare<br />

ab iplis nubibus fiveexhalationibus 5c<br />

vaporibus , cum hi ibidem <strong>per</strong>leverenr.<br />

ConclulioSccunda. Nechicolores,qui <strong>in</strong> rKibibusapparencfuncSolis, ejusveradiorum<br />

proprii. Ratio eft, quia nubes varias colorum tbrmas alfumunc; utjum virides, jam<br />

puvpucear appareant, (ed neque Sol,ncque ejus radii funt virides,auc purpurei, ergo.<br />

- ' Arguescamcnconcraprimb: nubcsluncSolisfpecuIum,undeficutcolores, quireprxfcncancur<strong>in</strong>fpcculo,<br />

funcipfimet colores objecti reprxfentati^itaparitercolores <strong>in</strong>nubibus<br />

relucentescruntcolorcsSolisibipcrreflexionem reprjefentati. Secundo color, qui vifitur<br />

<strong>in</strong> cubiculo obfcuro, <strong>in</strong> quo tantum tenuefbramen rel<strong>in</strong>quitur, cui opponitur charta,eft color<br />

iplarumrerum,qua:tranleuntpcrplatcam,omniaenimha;cfiuntpcr(peciesreflexas;quoidem<br />

(entiendum de nubium coloribus.Refp. ad primum,di(paricaccm e^Tc, nam <strong>in</strong> fpeculo videntur<br />

colores objcdii , cujus (pccics <strong>in</strong> tali corpore tcrlb refledtuntur, at verb <strong>in</strong> nubibus , ciim alius<br />

color appareat diverfus a colore Solis Si radiorum , fignum eft , nullam ita <strong>in</strong> iis fieri horum re-<br />

flexioncm. Eadcm eft refponfio ad fccundum , quia <strong>in</strong> allata <strong>in</strong>flantia objedtum habet fimi-<br />

les colovcs, qui ibi ad chartam reflexi videri poftunt ; at verb <strong>in</strong> nubibus apparent colores , qui<br />

<strong>in</strong>Solcnon (l<strong>in</strong>t.<br />

Conclulio tcrtia;colorcs, qui <strong>in</strong> nubibus videntur, nonfuntveri, fed app3rentes,"qui<br />

oriunturparcim cxdiverficatcafFedlionum materice, <strong>in</strong> quam lux Solis, Luna;, vei aliorum<br />

aftrorum<strong>in</strong>cidit: partimcxdiverfb afpcdlulum<strong>in</strong>ofi ; partim ex qualitate mcdii, <strong>per</strong> quod<br />

transmitcicur,aucfpcciesvifibilesad oculos feruncur, parcim deniqueexalia&: alia <strong>in</strong>tenfionevelrcmiftionelum<strong>in</strong>is.<br />

Probaturhxcdodtr<strong>in</strong>avariis<strong>in</strong>ftanciis. Primb <strong>in</strong> vitrotrigono,<br />

fivetriangulari,ciamluci opponitur, cbdivcrfitatemopaci <strong>in</strong>cequalis, (Scdivcrfamlum<strong>in</strong>is<strong>in</strong>-<br />

cidentiamgeneranturfimiiescolorcsdivcrfi; Secundb <strong>in</strong> collocolumbx, cuiusfubtilisfimsc<br />

fylumcc aliqualitcr funt diaphanx" , & ob crifpas colli undulacioncs admictunt opacitati; <strong>in</strong>xquacm,fimiles<br />

apparcnt colores,qui tamen ncc <strong>in</strong> vitro triangulari , ncquc <strong>in</strong> collo columbce (untf<br />

nifitantumapparenter,ergbctiamexmixcur3 lucis <strong>in</strong> corporc diaphano cum aliquaopacita-<br />

to


8o Mcteorologia<br />

te umbro(a,qualisefl:nubls,pofruntfimilescoloiesgeneran, qui fblum Ibi apparenter, non<br />

tamenverilunt. SimiliterucBammteexvariafijmicommixtionevarie colorari folfnt, alix<br />

enimpuniceseialijEpurpures, alia:viridesapparent,itaaRrorum, prsfertim Solis ac Lunas<br />

variae Ipeciesnobiseflfulgentprodiverfitate medii <strong>in</strong>ter illa & afpedlum noftrum conilituti.<br />

H<strong>in</strong>c eodem tempore Sol oriens nobis ob copiam vaporum fu<strong>per</strong>hciem occupantium rubet,<br />

&idem relpedtu alterius horizontis altior flavet , quia hujus radiiamedii vaporibus calore<br />

conlumptisnullamopacitatemcontraliunt.<br />

ExhiscoUiges, Gau(ammaterialemh6rumcolorum,cui videlicet <strong>in</strong>exiftunt, efTevaporem&<br />

exhalationem, velaeremaddenfatum,veletiamaquam, praefertim qute <strong>in</strong> majorem<br />

raritatemattenuatafit. FormalemefTelucemvariemoditicatam^efficientemlucidacorpora,<br />

aliaqueidgenus,qua£lumenip(umjaculantur,&:materiamad ejusmodi colores admittendos<br />

prspatat»<br />

Arguestamen contraprimo. Coloresapparentes variantur, quoties variatur pofitiooculorum,<br />

ut fit<strong>in</strong>coloribus^qui<strong>in</strong>collocolumbse apparent; fed non ita cont<strong>in</strong>git <strong>in</strong> nubibus,<br />

earumenimcolorespedeverant, licetoculorum pofitio varietur, ergo. Secundd,aliquandopofl^Solisoccafum<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>tegrumhorKquadrantem<strong>per</strong>feverat<strong>in</strong><br />

nube ejus color Fiavus,ergohicnonre(ultatexmiXturalucis<br />

cumopaco nubis. Relpondeo ad primum, pofidonemoculorumnonadeofacilevariari,<br />

utrelpedu talispoficionis varietur etiam <strong>in</strong> nube<br />

mixturaillaluciscumopaco; quodtamenfacileaccidit<strong>in</strong> collo columba:, cujuscolorfacild<br />

variatur,quiafubtiliflimaplumx crifpantisopacitasfacillime etiam variatur. Ad fecundum<br />

negocon(equentiam,licdtenimSol jamocciderit refpeftu noftri , non ita recidit refpetlu<br />

nubis, quxcum fit<strong>in</strong>horizonte & <strong>in</strong> lublimioriloco , adhuc refpicitur&penetratura Sole<br />

fpatioirlius quadrantis , ficque <strong>per</strong>feverat <strong>in</strong> eoeventu talis color, quia <strong>per</strong>feverat luxSolis<br />

nubem penetrantis.<br />

Qua;resadhucprimo,quomodoergocoloralbus,niger,rubeus, & viridis ac alil<strong>in</strong>termedii<br />

colores generentur J Refpondeo , album generari , quando <strong>in</strong> nubem rariorem , & ex<br />

vapore fubtiiiore, parumque condenfato conftantem, lux lum<strong>in</strong>arium coeleftium <strong>in</strong>cidit,<br />

eamquepenecrat, &<strong>in</strong>totumejus corpussquabiliter difFunditur, Nigerverocolor<strong>in</strong>nube<br />

exden(a&crafraniateriaconftante,parumque lum<strong>in</strong>is recipiente producitur. Rubeus fit,<br />

cumnubes<strong>in</strong>lehabenthumidum, fumofum, terreftri adufto commixtum <strong>in</strong> quod <strong>in</strong>cidens<br />

Solisradiusnon penetrat, fed re<strong>per</strong>cufTus duplicatur rubeumque colorem eflicit. Viridis<br />

colororicur,cumnubeseft aquofa & rorida, ac ftillare jam <strong>in</strong>cipit recepto lum<strong>in</strong>e , quod<br />

enimaque£eeft<strong>in</strong>jedummateri£e,viridemcolorem efficit, Denique reliqui colores medii<br />

gignuncurexmajorivelm<strong>in</strong>ori<strong>in</strong>cidentiaLucis,qualitatemedii, & diverfitate afFeftionum<br />

materia:.<br />

QiKeresfecundo, cur coelum, dum rereniflimum eft, coeruleum appareat? Refpondeo<br />

, hoc ex eo cont<strong>in</strong>gere, quia tunc nuUum <strong>in</strong> aere corpus opacum,quod aut term<strong>in</strong>are oculos,autfallcrepofIit<br />

; unde vifio tendit <strong>in</strong> folum a^rem , qui cumfitcorpus tenuifHmum,<br />

oculonullos videndi limitesponit; quovero magis ab oculo diftat objeftum , eo amplius<br />

vergit ad nigred<strong>in</strong>em. H<strong>in</strong>c cum vifiiales radii <strong>in</strong> ferena coeli facie term<strong>in</strong>um non afFequantur,tit,uc<br />

fu<strong>per</strong>ficierumaeris mulciplicatio ex xquali lucis & tenebrarum miftura medttim<br />

oculo colorem nempe coeruleum afFundat ; ficut cundem montes remotisfimi colorem oculis<br />

<strong>in</strong>gerunc,eadem fu<strong>per</strong>ficierum aeris multiplicationecaufatum.<br />

QvKerestertio. Quid color albus, niger, rubeus &c viridis portendat T Refpondeo:<br />

albuscolorferenitatis&ficcitatiseftnuncius, quoniamtenueshce


Philofophico-Poiitica. 8l<br />

palliat anlmila-<br />

DudetiDfius. Irafpeciofosconfiliis fuistitulosrxpc prxtexit mcns fucata ,<br />

ieb,-,s,purpuratfraudumpedicas , pro Reipubl. falute Zelotes fplendicar: ardctcao fipa-<br />

rio revelatisqueoccultismach<strong>in</strong>is, cverfor communis Boni aydit, Pr<strong>in</strong>cipis ac populi tra-<br />

ditor, quiregnum promovetad occafum. Pellucidum vitrum a colorum triadc trigonufn<br />

diciumlridemretert^picturilexhilarat: Solercccdentecolorescxuit , palliumdecegit, quo<br />

credulum nimis oculum decepit. O quoties Pacis Iridcm prsetexit Conliiiariix l<strong>in</strong>gua Prov<strong>in</strong>cixbonumatqueaugmentum,popuIiquicrem:<br />

(SctandemfLiblarvaludir, tScilludit, imo<br />

cum hofte colludit,pcffimus communis boni occonomus ; quia cum domefticam rem proniovereviderur,<br />

tantopejus nocet, quanto m<strong>in</strong>us nofcitur. NulU funt occnltiorcs <strong>in</strong>jidu, cjmm q^^ gYoi,<br />

M,


82 Mctcorologia<br />

QUiESTlO III.<br />

T)e Vorag<strong>in</strong>e ^ HiatUy ^ Halone aut Area feu Co-<br />

rona.<br />

pRo diverfitate apparentium colorum , qui fpeftantur <strong>in</strong> aere, & figurarum, quasexhalationes<strong>in</strong>eum<br />

evedti <strong>in</strong>duunt , cont<strong>in</strong>git, ut <strong>in</strong> fublimi diverte rerum fpecies &<br />

imag<strong>in</strong>esappareant, <strong>in</strong>terquasprimaoccurritvorago&hiatus, (ive chafma, de quo<br />

fit<br />

Concl ufio prima. Chaf<strong>in</strong>a efl: meteorum apparens,rpeciem exhibens a<strong>per</strong>ientis (e & de-<br />

hifcentis cceli,quod tunc cont<strong>in</strong>git, cum ferenu noctemultse exhalationes five vapores <strong>in</strong> fublimij<strong>in</strong><br />

medioquidemdenfiores<strong>in</strong>Orbemverorariores <strong>in</strong>ter lumen aflrorum, 5c noftrum<br />

afpeftumconftituuntur, fimilitud<strong>in</strong>emfbveccexhibentes, qujefimagna fit, vorago dicitur,<br />

fiparva,hiatus. Caufaveroapparentisprofi<strong>in</strong>ditatiseft, quoniam, quanquam tequabiliter<br />

l<strong>in</strong>tfitarhujusnubispartes, tamenextremxoblucisprofufionem funt clariores, hoc eft, extremxpartes<br />

funt fubtiliores, (Scalbercunt, acpropiores nobisetrevidentur. Media autem<br />

quj£denfa,&:nigraeft, longiorireceftu<strong>in</strong> profiandum fubfediffe putatur, idquenonaliamob<br />

caufam, quam quod, qu£E clara funt, alboque apparent coIore,ceIeriter vifum moveant, qux<br />

veronigra&oblcura lunt, m<strong>in</strong>useumathciant. llnde<strong>in</strong>geniofi piclores, quas partes<strong>in</strong>fuis<br />

tabulisprofundioresconfpicicupiunt, illosnigro&coeruleocolore exprimunt, eiimque albocircumdant,ubiitaprofunditasquajdamefrevidetur.<br />

Cumveroquidpiamem<strong>in</strong>ens,aut<br />

aliquidafpeftuivic<strong>in</strong>iusreprxfcntare volunt, albo, aut coloribus ei cognatis id cxprimunt,<br />

nigrumautcoeruleum circumquaque adhibentes.<br />

tateteXhiscaufaformalis , & materialis iftarum apparentiarum. Caufa vero efEciens<br />

ipfarum foIeteft"ecafualis, cafii enim accidit, utvapores nigri tubjiciantur exhalationibus accenfis,<br />

itautlumen<strong>per</strong>ipfostranfienscoloretur, &:quod difponantur ita, utfbrment appa-<br />

rentiamhiatusautvorag<strong>in</strong>is,veIaIiorumfimiIium. DeefFeduhorumita loquitur Pl<strong>in</strong>iusl.<br />

2. c. ;7. quod f<strong>in</strong>t prsnuntia <strong>in</strong>gentium malorum, feditionum, defedtionum, <strong>in</strong>curfionum hoftilium,<br />

(Scimmodicarumficcitatum. Qux omnia, fi ultimum demas , rneaop<strong>in</strong>ionQcommenta<br />

funt.<br />

Conclufiofecunda. Halo, Lat<strong>in</strong>isArea,Pl<strong>in</strong>io &: Senecze Corona, eft circulus circa<br />

Solem, autLunam, autaliud quodvis aftrum, quiexprimitur <strong>in</strong> aere <strong>in</strong>cidentialum<strong>in</strong>is ab<br />

aftro <strong>in</strong> vaporem difpofitum , & pro ejus difpofitione varios fortitur colorcs. Nom<strong>in</strong>atur A-<br />

rea^ quoniamare;^ rotundx ferendis frugibus apud Veteres deft<strong>in</strong>atse fimilitud<strong>in</strong>em habet.<br />

Pl<strong>in</strong>ius&ScnecacircuIum&coronam vocant, quiarotunda plerumque conftat figura&fiderac<strong>in</strong>gere^Sccoronare<br />

vidctur. Ruftici hanc impreftionemvocant, ber Sortrtci» ^of/O*<br />

t>eri>crBonitcn€von/ ol)cr&ct5^oitt>0


, exmorbodifccflit.<br />

Philofophico-Politica. 33<br />

debiliii?<strong>in</strong>cidsntes m<strong>in</strong>lis candem illum<strong>in</strong>antv& obfcuram rel<strong>in</strong>quunt. Nonnunquam tamendeticiente<br />

maccrii non <strong>in</strong>tegcrcirculus , fed quxdam tantummodo illius porcio cerni-<br />

tur,<br />

Dices: Incoronisaliquandoapparentvariicolorcs, crgo non diflerunt ab Iride, Refpondeo,<br />

variosaliquundocolorcsapparere<strong>in</strong>coronis, non cotamcnord<strong>in</strong>c ,quoapparcnc<br />

<strong>in</strong> Iride, led ord<strong>in</strong>e plane <strong>in</strong>verlb, (icque etiam adhuc ditHnunt cx hoc capicc, de quo plura , ubi<br />

dc Lridc.<br />

Quxrcsprimo, an halovic<strong>in</strong>us (ideri (It ? Relpondeo: etli proxime (ulusc<strong>in</strong>gere , &<br />

quafi coronare videatur, hoc tamen vi(us noUri i<strong>in</strong>bccillitati adlcribendum, idolum cnim<br />

hoc dire(3:e <strong>in</strong>tra (idera <strong>in</strong> medio acre exiftit.<br />

QuxresSecundd. CurfiequentiiisLunam, quamSolenii aliaveaftraambirevid^atur?<br />

Rcfpondeo: Rationemc(re,quoniam(ubSolenontacile pollunt colligi 6: (ub(iflere tenues<br />

i(Le nubecula.' , <strong>in</strong> quibus halo generari Iblet , proptcr calorcm illius dilTipantem. Reliqua<br />

ver6a{tra<strong>in</strong>firmioremh3benclucem,quamutlem<strong>per</strong>po(I<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>corporc(ubjedto (plendorem,<br />

hujusprxrertimfigura;, cujuscdhalo, etbccre. Lunxautemvis<strong>in</strong>ertior ,quamutdi(cutere<br />

vapores podit, ncque tamen tam exigua,(icut reliquarum flellarum.<br />

Quxres Tertio. Quo tcmpore halo cont<strong>in</strong>gat? Rcfjiondeo: pollAuflri flatumplerumquc<br />

gencrari,v]uoniamtum cradTu^culiexcitanrur vapores, <strong>in</strong>quibus halo taciic imprimipotcli.<br />

Dc<strong>in</strong>de<strong>in</strong>autumno&vere (requentiiisconlpicitur , cum remidiora funtcalor<br />

&irigus,& piushumidarumcxhaIationumredund:!t<strong>in</strong>aere. llnde& nodu (xpius, quam<br />

<strong>in</strong>terdiu producitur, quoniam die calor edfortiorpixlentcSoIe.<br />

Quccres Qiiarto. Cyr iridcs (requcntiLisa Solc, coronx autcm frequentiiis a Luna fiant^<br />

Rclponuco: idcffe, quiaadiridemmajor cxigitur copialum<strong>in</strong>is , quumadcoronam,<br />

<strong>in</strong> quamodicunifurticitlumen<strong>in</strong>f<strong>per</strong>(umvapori,(icqueadhanc (u(iici!;lumenLuna',adilIam<br />

umcn exigitur lumen Solis , a quo tiequentius fit.<br />

Diccs: Sialiquandoficreta,Sole, illam videremus, fednon'tavidemus, ficutvidemus<br />

iridcm,crgo. Relpondco: Iridemvideri,


InLkmh F<br />

hichiU. I ^<br />

fie Imp,<br />

84 Metcorologia<br />

Colliges, (Imilem effe ratlonem coronce, qus videtur aliquando circa lucernas, prcefertUTitemporehumido,vekitCLimHatAu(ter,<br />

utobfervatSeneca. OriturncmpchLTCcorona<br />

cxeo,quodradu!uccrnKreaagantura vaporibus circumfufis, admixtis cum tumolitacibus,<br />

quKprodeuntexiplalucerna, talis autcmcoronaapparet rotunda , licetHammalitpyrami-<br />

quiaradureiraai avaporibusejusdem denlitatisdeferunturad oculum cum eadem re-<br />

daiis<br />

,<br />

fraaione


Philofophico-Politia. 85<br />

mu!i


86 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

t<strong>in</strong>opotidimum, &vef<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>otempore utplurimumapparere,quando nempi^materiamnubis,propter<br />

radiorumefficaciam, nonitaconlumerepocellSol. Sem<strong>per</strong>aucem pluvice ligna<br />

func,quiamagnaparsnubis iiumorisplena elt&eocrallior,denri6rc]uc jquxmox diliblvitur.<br />

<strong>in</strong>guttas, &:Iere<strong>in</strong>pluviameifundit.<br />

Conclulio Tertia. Parelium bene def<strong>in</strong>itur, quod (it Solis imago juxta eum <strong>in</strong> nube<br />

Viia ; diciturenimparelium a Trotpa & «A/oi/ id eft juxta Solem , quoniam fplendore 6c fi-<br />

gurafimiliseftSoli.<br />

Conclufio quarta. Subjedum feu materia hujus phaf<strong>in</strong>atis eft nubes , qus primo debet<br />

eflTe denfa , neomn<strong>in</strong>o radios Solis transmictat, fed uc receptam Solis facicm ret<strong>in</strong>eat, 6c term<strong>in</strong>etmorcfpeculi,<br />

aquoimag<strong>in</strong>esrefle(l.luntur, neqiieenimrefilire, &;recipiocare imag<strong>in</strong>es<br />

folent, nifi ciim imp<strong>in</strong>gunc <strong>in</strong> aliquid , quod ukeriorem earum progrenum <strong>in</strong>hibeat ; quam<br />

obcaufamfpeculisvitreis plumbum averla parte ill<strong>in</strong>itur. Secundo debet efib plana, quia<br />

<strong>in</strong>cequabiles, ar<strong>per</strong>fe&fordida^nonrecipiunc, (icuteciam apud nosres al<strong>per</strong>s, macuIo(Kaut<br />

impolitcc nullam reddunt imag<strong>in</strong>em. Tercio confill;encem, feu quielcentem efie oportct,nifi<br />

enim tranquillaforetnubcs,jamproptermobilicatem & <strong>in</strong>conftanciamnon pofibc <strong>in</strong> eam<br />

imprimi Solis imago , (cd dil<strong>per</strong>gerecur, quemadmodum videmus <strong>in</strong> aqua commmota &: flu-<br />

'ftuance imag<strong>in</strong>es (ic & humida rerum curbaii Sc confundi. Quarto aquofa fit&huraida,<br />

'quia<strong>in</strong> talitacile Solisimagorefplendetiquemadmodum & <strong>in</strong> aqua, cujus naturie cognatse<br />

^nubesfunt, formasreddi videmus, QLi<strong>in</strong>todeniqueSoliadlatera&exobliquo,hoceft, vel<br />

adAuflrum veladSeptencrionem(qu£eA(trologisluncquali lacera Solis ab ortu <strong>in</strong> occafum<br />

'commeantis)occurrat,uttocamSolisfaciemreci<strong>per</strong>e


Philofophico-Politica. 87<br />

ftumvideriirmultiplicatum,ficpote(t Solvideri multiplicatus, eoqiaod<strong>in</strong>ter oculum «ScSolemmedietvaporrclr<strong>in</strong>gens<br />

radiosfolaresadmodum vitripluriumlacierum. Rurlijslicut,<br />

Jiaipiciaslucernampcrlentemvitream<strong>in</strong>terpolitam, prselertim, li exunaparte fit plana, ex<br />

alteralitcurva, videbislucernamduplicatam & arKjuando triplicatam, ficaliquando ,<br />

<strong>in</strong>tcroculum&Solcmponitur vaporadmodumlentisvitrea:, vidctur Solmultipiex.<br />

Qu.ceresrecundd. Quotemporehxxpareliacont<strong>in</strong>gant? Relpondeo: Serena coeli facicsmultisert<strong>in</strong>gcndisSolibuscltapti<strong>in</strong>ma,cumnulliventiturbantacrem,namaventisdillTpanturnubcs,<br />

ut ctiigiem Solis liilci<strong>per</strong>e nequeant ; ut plurimum autem veloriente, vel<br />

occidcnte Solctiuntpropternubemnondumradiislblaribusdiirolutam, atque attenuatam;<br />

quodprxtcrearubr<strong>in</strong>emaut<strong>in</strong>itiumnoctisrolcidusaerrertcxiones adjuvet , 6c rcliadiones<br />

rarillimemeridieaccidunt, quiaSol<strong>in</strong>m;


88 Mereorologia<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Heroicis paternae virtutis exemplis <strong>in</strong>fiftendum.<br />

UT<br />

mali corvi malum ovumi, Ita Aquila nodluas non paric. Caroius Emmanuel Sa-<br />

baudiK Dux<strong>in</strong> detuncli Parentisrolium poficus , feiplum recensexclufo pullo aquil<strong>in</strong>o,<br />

ac aprimisunguiculis<strong>in</strong>SoIisfaciem<strong>in</strong>tuencifimilem dixic, lemmace exprimens : Non<br />

i.egenero, Solis avis aquila dicitur; <strong>in</strong> Solem cnim cotus <strong>in</strong>cencus, Ica Solis semulum, ac-<br />

queAquiI<strong>in</strong>umpullumdicerepofrumPoIicicum,cujusomnis<strong>in</strong>dull:ria eo concendit, ut ParentistaciemfibiimprimatitotLisquefitalterabilio:<br />

autdixerimpotiiis, (ic unus<strong>in</strong>iilo; velucovum<br />

ovofimile, atque Ipeculum non fallax, <strong>in</strong> retribuendo fidele, a Solisradiis iliu-<br />

jftracum tormasprojicic, quascanquamexemplaria,acquever3cesimag<strong>in</strong>es<strong>in</strong>cueamur, Tale<br />

vel <strong>in</strong> ip(b coelo Ijjeculum nacura dedic. Verfils Solem nubecula convercicur; nubcculamSol,aureusillecceliocuIus,<strong>in</strong>tueCur:<br />

&icaduplici Sole aer reiplendec, ut (blem a fole<br />

hauddignofcas, akera/teriusimago: unum replicatum dixeris, aiit duos <strong>in</strong> uno. Parelion<br />

duplicis (blisappsritio dicitur: Parelion eftnlii cum parente par morum fplendor, vicKque<br />

limilitudo, utcumfilium vides, <strong>in</strong> eo parencem agnofcas. Hoc confbrmium fac<strong>in</strong>orum<br />

parclio apud M. Tull. Cic. gloriacus Caco: Ut c<strong>in</strong>teri tx PatribHs',fa M. Cato noflri Cai»-<br />

nis Piiter , qiri illtid lumen frogenuit , ex filio esl nomitjandas. Cic. I. ^. de officiis. Qui haereS<br />

pacernieifxrisacglorije, fittxadionuma^mulator. Sangu<strong>in</strong>em craxic, fic & imago proco-<br />

typi. Gloriatur hlius (e, veiuc radius a fole, hoc genitore haufifTe vitam J &: facere pot-.<br />

cfl, utfefilio Genitor glorietur, Sie enim verborum lenoc<strong>in</strong>iis adblandiebatur Philippo<br />

Maccdo»


I<br />

I<br />

Pliilofophico-Politica. 89<br />

Macedonum Re^i npud Sabcllium Oratov cclebvis : Taccbo , O Philippe , ilKiflv<strong>in</strong>lmam<br />

tuamproliipiam&dirpem, e quadefccndidi: Sileboregna amplillima tibi lubjeda, nihil<br />

dicam depatmisC\tropha'is, quxdeproBigatis <strong>in</strong>imicis reportalli : Hoc ttnnm dixijfcjujficiat^<br />

Filium lehahiiijfe Alexandrum. Neque alio nom<strong>in</strong>c virilis illa Foem<strong>in</strong>a (atque hoc iptb hic locorumnonreticcnda)<br />

CorneliaGvacchovumMatev,apudValcr. Max.l. 4. c. 4. de pau<strong>per</strong>-<br />

tategloriabatur. Qurimenim C^mpana A/.itrcna om.tmenta fua i-tikherrima ficnli ill<strong>in</strong>s oj}cnderet^<br />

mca (nni. Ncc iEgy-<br />

traxit firmonem ., cfuouscjue^e fchoLt redirent libcri: Et /mc, <strong>in</strong>qnit omamenta .,<br />

ptiacastenebrashujusveritatislux latuit. Ptolomxus enim Rcx dicere Iblcbat : Fideri fibi<br />

emnireg»opulchri)is,Rc^isejfe Putrem. FuitqucabHomeroPoccarum <strong>in</strong>geniolillimo, Odytfea:<br />

i4.Caltorlaudatus,qualiaCretcnlibusDeushaberetur, quia Hlios habuic optimis moribus<br />

pra;ditOS. Cai}orHylacides,:i\z,ijuondam <strong>in</strong> CrctenjjhHS iit Dciis coUhatur.,filiis honcfiis. Del<strong>in</strong>e evgo<br />

conqueri Flomere,M<strong>in</strong>ervxnom<strong>in</strong>eOdynex lccundo alloquentis Telemachum:<br />

1'aucienim Filiijimilcs Patrifii/it.<br />

Totenimparcli;!, quotaSoleCxlareo, velutradii,SerenilTimxPvoIes. Duplo Solc fivmamentum<br />

nonnunquam velucet. Duplo Sole Leopoldits velj^lendet, quando le <strong>in</strong> filio, Filius <strong>in</strong><br />

Parentevidet,i(lcprototypon,illeimago,alterabillo,ac itadcfixus<strong>in</strong>illo-,utvelutgenu<strong>in</strong>us<br />

Aquilxpullustocovolatu<strong>in</strong>cjusimitationemconnitatur. Itanimirum fieri addecct, quod<br />

dcBoleslaoquavtoPolonix Regelcvibituv. Patris fui effigiem <strong>in</strong> numi(<strong>in</strong>atc auvco, a collo<br />

pcndulam,geItabat,quotiesm-ijovismomcnti negotium occurrevec, ovi cam vcnerabundus<br />

ac dcolculans admo vcbac , diccns :<br />

Jlatuam,<br />

Avcri.1t benignipmus Dens , fie cjuid cgo <strong>in</strong>dig.mm rcgio tno nom<strong>in</strong>e<br />

QU^STIO V.<br />

Otiidftt Iris 3 qiiieJHS colores , ^<br />

UNiverraphaltnata,<br />

ciens.<br />

horHm canfaefji' '<br />

uti & veras meteoricas impresfiones venuflate ru<strong>per</strong>atldi adeo»<br />

utomniumoculospulcherrimo colorum difcrim<strong>in</strong>e ic vaiietate <strong>in</strong> ie abripiat. Ad<br />

qu.im conccmplandam iple Ecckfialticus cap. ;. adhortatur Philolbphum , <strong>in</strong>quiens<br />

('^de .ircum^ or benedic f«w,


90<br />

Mctcorologia<br />

tbrmantar colores Iridis , quales etiam vidcre quis poterit <strong>in</strong> aqua m<strong>in</strong>utim cadente ex fontibusqulbusdamartiticialibus<br />

Soiem<strong>in</strong>ter&aquamcollocatis. ll<strong>in</strong>cretertViteliius, quod <strong>in</strong><br />

quod:im aquarum pra;cipitio juxta Viterbium, <strong>in</strong> Hetruiia <strong>per</strong>petuo qua-damappareat iris<br />

certoadSolemafpedtu<strong>in</strong>af<strong>per</strong>g<strong>in</strong>eaqux<strong>in</strong>altumialicnris, ergo ut <strong>in</strong> nubeformentur colo-<br />

res Iridis, debet<strong>in</strong>tal<strong>in</strong>ubefuipendiaquaadmodum roris. Debetporro eiie etiam translu-<br />

cida nimirum externa facicqua nos relpicit, fic enim facile <strong>in</strong>jectum lumen imbibit.<br />

Obfervavero, quodejusmodi nubeslumenSoIis excipiatdiflimiliterfecundiimnempc<br />

partium lijarum diflimilitud<strong>in</strong>em, cum alia; t<strong>in</strong>t tumidiores, aliaj fubmifliores , qua^dam craf-<br />

liores, quxdamimbecilliores,&:rariores <strong>in</strong>guttulisiflisf<strong>in</strong>gulis ex radiorum folarium refle-<br />

xione, vel refradione, &c exvarialucis ik umbrte mixtione tanquam <strong>in</strong>fpeculoillamirabilis<br />

arcLis, ejusquecolorum cxprimitur varietas. Nam ex<strong>per</strong>ientia notum eft, lum<strong>in</strong>ofa corpor»<br />

<strong>in</strong>levibus&:poIitiscorporibus,autfimulacra,aut rerumobjcdtarumcoloresefficere, quemadmodummaniteflum<br />

efl<strong>in</strong>vitro, fpeculis,aqua. Quare lequitur<br />

Conclufiotertia. TriplexpotilIimumIridiscolor,puniccus,viridis 6c rubens, quorum<br />

primusfijpiemum,fecundusmedium, tertius<strong>in</strong>timum libi <strong>in</strong> arcu locumvendicat; caofanturtanquam<br />

acaufaetliciente aluce&radioSoliseregioneoppofit<strong>in</strong>ubi rorids&: concavse,<br />

<strong>in</strong>quam illeprojedtus&reflexus^iTiixtusquecumumbrisIridemefKcit. Ratio eft, quia lumendiverl<strong>in</strong>iodeobfcuratumabopacitatc<br />

corporis diyerfos caufat;Colores, undeciim radii<br />

folaresad opacitatem nubisrorid-trefracti diverfiraodeobfcurentur,diverfbs exhibcbuntcolores,<br />

H<strong>in</strong>c quialux obfcurataabopacitatecorporis,<strong>per</strong>quodtranfit, priEfertimcaufateolorem<br />

puniceum, viridem & rubeum, ut ex<strong>per</strong>imur <strong>in</strong> vitro trigono, <strong>in</strong> vulgaribus etiam vitris<br />

plenisaqua,<strong>in</strong> columbarumcervicibus,ideoetiamrefracti tranfeuntes <strong>per</strong> opacitatem nubis<br />

prcefertim exhibent colorem puniceum, viridem & rubeum.<br />

Quceres tamenpromajorirei<strong>in</strong>telligentia, qua:fitcauf3,quodprimuslndiscolor, ideft<br />

illequiad<strong>per</strong>ipheriamaltidimumlocum occupat, fitpuniceus f quem alii citr<strong>in</strong>um appel-<br />

ianf, mediu3ver6viridisfit,&<strong>in</strong>fimuspurpureusf Huicquxfitoiatisfijcit Conclulio tertia,<br />

na<strong>in</strong> probabilc eft , hanc diverfitatem oriri ex eo, quod 1 uir.en refledatur ex diverfa nubis profunditate,namubiradiusprimam<br />

<strong>in</strong>greditur nubemcolorardentilIimusefti5(: puniceus; ubi<br />

radiusidempenetravitpaulo aItiiis,debilitatui-,&: <strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>ferioremnubis fu<strong>per</strong>ticiem multa opacitare&umbrisguttarumimplicitusreditviridisversusoculum.<br />

Longius de<strong>in</strong>de adhuc<br />

adaclusversLisnubisprofundum,tenuioriadhuclucepurpureus feuviolaceusemergitpcr<strong>in</strong>fimam<br />

arciis curvaturam. Nec improbabi lis eft etia<strong>in</strong> ratiojquam aliireferunt ex Scaligcro<br />

qui vai-ietatem colorum tribuunt difcrim<strong>in</strong>i vaporum.<br />

Conclulio quarta. Quamvis valdeprobabile elfejudicemus, <strong>in</strong> Iride videri lumen ipfum<br />

aSoleprodudum, <strong>in</strong>nube


Philofophico-Politica. 91<br />

Collif»iturtcrti6: Flavumcolorem, qui etiam io Iride obfervatur, non efficerediverlum<br />

lcmicrrcuiuiujpunicco &viridi,utpotequi eftcftmmixturaviridis & punicei, cx quorum<br />

<strong>per</strong>mixtione nalcitur, Eodem modc licet alii alios adhuc numcrenc colores m Iride,<br />

omncsta<strong>in</strong>cn illicunium ("ecundariilunt, & m<strong>in</strong>us pracipuJ , utpote commifluru; primario-<br />

runi colorum. . . ^ , ^<br />

, • • r<br />

Colligiturquarco: Quodficutcaufam cifeaivam<strong>in</strong>disSoIemelledicimus, ita OcLuna<br />

qunndoqueeam crticerepoterit. llnde iridesalix appellantur lblares,aliaclunares, qua- ex<br />

<strong>in</strong>enrePhiloibphi a lolaribus ditVerunt , quia lunares lunt rariores Sc verd unicolores. Rario- rijl. ariMi<br />

resquidem, quiii Luni nili plena lit , vix vires habet ad penctrandam paulis<strong>per</strong> Sc coloran- So. his<br />

damnubem. V.TimontamencScaliitellantur, fepe a Cevilas enTeirideslunares. Unico- tanmnf\<strong>in</strong><br />

joreseciamtercluncquialanguor radiilunaris non alce penctrat opacitatemnubisjfed<strong>in</strong>ru- ceitftje irf<br />

<strong>per</strong>ricie tanciim ejus albentequadam&tracta luce fplendet.<br />

ddijji<br />

COiNCLUSlO POLITICA.<br />

memo'<br />

rat.<br />

Fcedera ciim cxternis pacem confervant.<br />

COeliannuIusiriseft, terram ccelo dcfponfat, dillitajungic. Ut autcmpacislymbolum<br />

lem<strong>per</strong>arcuscoelellishabebatur, itacxternorumPr<strong>in</strong>cipum amicitia ac confbederatione,<br />


9^<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

re, ac im<strong>per</strong>ii pr<strong>in</strong>cipio ad <strong>in</strong>eundam cum Exteris unionem armorum 8c animorum compara-<br />

vit. EmmanuelienimLudtaniteRegitleonoram; QiriltiernoDania;, Norvvegiar, Sueciae<br />

Kabellam •, Ludovico Pannonite Bohemia:que Regi Mariam (brores fuas matrimonio colloca-<br />

vit. Ferd<strong>in</strong>andoautem Fratri praedifti Ludovici fororem (qua aff<strong>in</strong>itate duoilli regna lu-<br />

cratuseft) defpondit: fibiveroIfabellamLufitani Regis filiam copulavit. Quibus aff<strong>in</strong>itatumfbsderibusadtantumamplitud<strong>in</strong>isacpotenti£eapicemeveftus<br />

eft, ut non foliim fubditos<br />

<strong>in</strong> officio cont<strong>in</strong>ere; quod fatis teftatum faciunt crebrs ad Hifpanos,Belgas, Germanosquecontentiones:<br />

verumetiamvic<strong>in</strong>orumhoftium barbaros impctus&conatuscomprimeret,frangeretque.<br />

Clara funt nom<strong>in</strong>is hujusargumenta Gallicum & Italicum, Hetrulcum<br />

8c Saxonicum, Pannonicum Sc Bohemicum , Lybicum feuTunetanum, 8c Mexicanunh<br />

acAfricanumfeuAlgerenfebella, quibus adeo fubjedasfibireddidit univerfas nationes, ut<br />

immanisille Chriftiani nom<strong>in</strong>is hoftis tanquam Numen quoddam, vel natuKE miraculum<br />

.<br />

, Carolum revereretur, actbrmidaret. Itavidelicetprobatumeftilludcommunis jf.<br />

Juris efFa-<br />

'^;?" , tum, atqueLaftantiilententia : Ckmenim<strong>in</strong>ter ms cognationemqmndamipfa natnra conflitucrit^<br />

I, ' tideoqtte prajidii caitfa bom<strong>in</strong>esficietatem citm hom<strong>in</strong>ihpis <strong>in</strong>ier<strong>in</strong>t & fanxer<strong>in</strong>t , fcedHS iUud k Pr<strong>in</strong>cipiojui<br />

'. A orttis<strong>in</strong>ter hom<strong>in</strong>es <strong>in</strong>itnmviokre-, atit nonconfervarefummHmnefasputandum efl. Hac pra:ceptio-<br />

"V ncprobeimbutusScipio Africanus,Polybioreferente, nihilita foliciti^curabat, nifi ut alio-<br />

. rumamicitiasfibidev<strong>in</strong>ciret. JVam regna egrtimijtte eHJiodia-<strong>in</strong>on tamtnrrihits (Socr^tedocente)<br />

fropHgnacalis, aitt mxnibns-) armis ant fatellitibus-, quamamicorHm prajidiis ajfcrvatur. Noftiplu-<br />

'<br />

vialium aquarum, autplurium tenuium torrentium confluvio iiumen <strong>in</strong>tumefcere, quod<br />

trantvadari non poteft. Itavirtusunitafortior^&velapesjunaisaculeis <strong>in</strong> turmam coeun-<br />

Poljh.l. 2, ces exercitum<strong>in</strong> confufionem agunt. Iterum Polybium, loquentem audire placeat : Optime<br />

& propojita <strong>per</strong>icttli magnitnd<strong>in</strong>e ac vic<strong>in</strong>itaie pelliciunt<br />

atias respublicas vel regna pountijftma i)ijuam ficietatem. Armorum, animorumque conjunftio,<br />

Jibi conjidunt respublicie tenHiores-yqM£.prudentes -,<br />

hicmnrns aheneus ejio,<br />

PRKter<br />

QU^STIO VI.<br />

'De figura iridis ^ earum numero,<br />

vulgarem iridem folarem verficolorem folent nonnunquam etiam aliK folares iridescont<strong>in</strong>gere,<br />

vclutialbs, aureoluteai&rubrx. Albastres fe obfervafle narrat, D.<br />

MenizeliusAnn.^. Ephem.Germ. dec. 2. aitque potifHmum tempore Jequ<strong>in</strong>odtiorum<br />

prarfcrtimautumnaliumaccidere; ratioefTepoteft, quodfolaresradi<strong>in</strong>on <strong>in</strong> rofcidam<br />

6cguttisgravemnubem, fed<strong>in</strong>tenuiflimumtantumvaporem<strong>in</strong>cidant. Aureoluteas D.Moeten<br />

pluTcs (e vidifFe<strong>per</strong>hibeta Sole jam occidente ex oppofito horizontis defcriptas,cum nubes<br />

pariter illo tempore ad aure^E aurors exemplum effenc <strong>in</strong>auratje , unde ex revcrberatione<br />

hiccoloriridiafFundipotuit, Rubeam quoque iridem annotafFe , idem fupra memoratus<br />

Menzeliusmem<strong>in</strong>itdieig. Odobr.i677.ve(<strong>per</strong>i, cumSoljamoccubuiflet; caufam efficientem<br />

hujus ftatuitauroram vef<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>am, materialem vero vapores crafix)S firigore<br />

^nubibus<strong>in</strong>termixtos. videEphem.Germ. 2. Ann.j.obferv.f,<br />

conftridos<br />

Quceres primo : cumaerubiquefitplenusnube , curnonubiquemirabilisillacolorura<br />

varietasappareat, fedfem<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>circ<strong>in</strong>umdudamedietatem circuli exhibeatl Refpondeo:<br />

TationemefFe, quia, utdiximus, phafmahocgeneraturcum radiorum folariumreflexione,<br />

quas reflexio a nubenonfit nifiversusl<strong>in</strong>eam illam, qusducitur a centroSolis <strong>per</strong>centrura<br />

noftrioculi&iridisipfius; patetenimex<strong>per</strong>ientia,nonvideria nobis iridem,nifi fub iftiusmodii<strong>in</strong>ea;<br />

item&


Philofophico - Politica. 95<br />

tunda&rphcerica, Ratiover6,curobIiquos&non direftosvideat, efl:,quiadireftorum radiorumlpeciesnimialuceimm<strong>in</strong>utx&diilipatxveniunt,<br />

namutaitP. Aquilonus 1. i. Opti.<br />

cor. propol!^;. Ideocolorcorporisadmoilumcorufcaniism<strong>in</strong>us fpectabilis eft , quam cu-<br />

jus lux m<strong>in</strong>or elt,nam fulgor oculos peHh<strong>in</strong>gcns colorem obruit, quo m<strong>in</strong>Qs vifum teriat.<br />

H<strong>in</strong>cdeducitur,cau(am, curiris fit rotunda, non bene exeo capite alTTgnari, quia efl<br />

imago| Soiis ab ip(b Sole rotundo <strong>in</strong> nube depicla, quia Iris etiam tunc fphxrica apparet,dumSoleclipl<strong>in</strong>patitur,<br />


94<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Quaerestertio. Numetiamcornibuseverfis^hoceftverfuscoelumexporreftisarcuscoeleftesapparerepolI<strong>in</strong>tyRerpondecaffirmativeCorneliusGemmacumnonnullisaliis,quitradunttalesaliquandofelpedalTe.<br />

Verumidem dicendum de his, quod cle iridibus <strong>in</strong>tegri<br />

circulipaul6antediclumeft,caliterenimoriripofrunt,f<strong>in</strong>empe, <strong>in</strong>quit Le Gran, Hiftor.na-<br />

tiir.parte 6. artic. g.folaresradii<strong>per</strong> refiexionem <strong>in</strong> maris aut laciis alicuius fijpcrficicm <strong>in</strong>currant<br />

; modo fit magna a^ris tranquillitas , nuUusque ventus adfit , qui aqLiam commo veat<br />

&<strong>in</strong>3equalemejuslu<strong>per</strong>ficiemreddat: pnefertimfi qutedam nubesilliaqu.e ("u<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>cumbat,<br />

quceimptdiat, neSolislumenredumadpluviam tendensillud, quod aqua eo remittit , fijpprimat,atque<br />

ext<strong>in</strong>guat. Raro tamen talis arcus vifibilis eft.<br />

Quteresquarto. Cur<strong>in</strong> Iride non <strong>per</strong>fefta & <strong>in</strong>tegra Solis imago repiTefi^ntetur, ficut<br />

<strong>in</strong>pareliisfieridocuimus^ Refpondeo: duashujus rei fiabefTecaufas. Primoenim<strong>per</strong>fefta<br />

&<strong>in</strong>tegraSolisimagononexprimiturobrefi'aftionummultitud<strong>in</strong>em, itaenimfbrmsepartes<br />

non fecus ac <strong>in</strong> fpeculo frafto confunduntur. Secundo ob nubis raritacem , Sc guttarum <strong>in</strong><br />

nube ifta rorida m<strong>in</strong>utiftimarum parvitatem , quae tanquam m<strong>in</strong>ima qusdam fpecula fbrmarn<br />

imprefTamnonomn<strong>in</strong>ocont<strong>in</strong>ere pofTuntj<strong>in</strong>pareliis autempropternubis denlitatem,levitatem&cont<strong>in</strong>uitatem<strong>per</strong>feda<br />

Solis imagoconfpicitur.<br />

Quieres qu<strong>in</strong>to : Num plures eodem tempore poll<strong>in</strong>t fimul apparere Irides ? Refpondeo,<br />

Mcetcommuniterunatantum irisfecundariavideatur, numerotamenfimul tres confpeftas<br />

efl"etettaturMazzotal.i.deMeteor.aer.cap.2. Sic etiamtriplexvifaPatavii 1601. die^. Febr.<br />

hora21.tefteGafrendo<strong>in</strong>vitaPeiresk.ii 1. I. Triplicem quoque obfervavit GeorgiusFrancus<br />

menfe Majo Anno i668.<strong>in</strong> Alfatia Su<strong>per</strong>iore. Snellius etiam qu<strong>in</strong>que aut fex vidcri pofTe,<br />

leque obfervafTe teflatur. Hollandi ex illa celebri navigatione ad novam Zemblam <strong>in</strong>ter<br />

cxtera valde admiranda, retulerunt, fcvidiffetres Soles ad Auftrum , fex iridum dilcerniculo<br />

afe<strong>in</strong>vicemabjunftos. Exquibusomnibuscora<strong>per</strong>tum eft , pluralitatem iridum non effe<br />

negandam. Veri;imdifficultaseft,quomodo hxcpluralitasoriatur? unde<br />

Quseres fextb : An,dumpluresapparencirides,immediatefiant a Sole? antequam refpondeam,<br />

obferva, Irides efTe alias primarias, quatenus fcilicetSolimmediacea fe iplo <strong>in</strong> plurcsnubesdiaphanasimp<strong>in</strong>gic;<br />

aliasefTefecundarias, quacenus lux Solis<strong>in</strong> unam nubemimmediaceimpadla,<strong>in</strong>aliam<br />

nubemfimilicer diaphanam reflecticur. Hoc pofico : Relpondeo<br />

prim6,plurespoirunciridesprimaria2 apparere, qux fimul habeanc eorundem coloium leri-<br />

«m&immediacefianc exSolisluceadmixcacumdiaphanoaliqualiceropaco & umbrolopkirium<br />

nubium. Racio eft , quia fi Sol medium coeli ceneac , & nubes ad impreffionem iridis<br />

apcae alcera fit ad ortum, altera ad occafum,tunc fient duK irides,ciim utrobique fieri non repu-<br />

gnet, &adiddenturomniarequifita,licetnon ambxa nobis videri poff<strong>in</strong>t. Julius Scalig.<br />

exerc.^o.fec^.exiftimattalesgeneraripofre<strong>in</strong>diverfis feparatis nubibus, quarumalix funt<br />

altiores, alise humiliores. Cont<strong>in</strong>gitautem hoc, quando vapor vic<strong>in</strong>ior terra; longe denfior<br />

eft., accompresfior,quamcircumf(srentia nubis fu<strong>per</strong>ioris; tuncenimdift<strong>in</strong>ftumefficitfpetulum<br />

a nube fu<strong>per</strong>iore, Sc reflexionem dift<strong>in</strong>dlam , quod tamen valde <strong>in</strong>ficquens eft.<br />

Relpondeofecundo.plurespofTuntiridescomparere, quarumuna foliim fitprimaria,<br />

alia fecundaria; quceefficiunturrelationefiverefIexioneprimari£e, poteft enim iridi opponi<br />

vaporaliquisfpecularis , qui repraefentet colorem 5c figuram iridis; & deducitur hoceo,<br />

quodlecundaria-iridesobfcurioresf<strong>in</strong>t,<strong>in</strong>verf6squehabeantcolores, qui enim <strong>in</strong> pr<strong>in</strong>cipc<br />

illafummuseftpuniceus, hic<strong>in</strong>fecundariaeft<strong>in</strong>fimus,qui<strong>in</strong>fimus<strong>in</strong>primaiia, is<strong>in</strong>fecundaria<br />

eft fiirp'"'-'^! lauz viridis fem<strong>per</strong> maneat <strong>in</strong> medio , nulla vero alia hujus rei ratio reddi poteft,<br />

nili quodfecundav. g. irisfitvelutilpeculum primiE, quia<strong>in</strong> fpeculis Cxpt objefta <strong>in</strong>vertun-<br />

tur , uc dexcrum appareac f<strong>in</strong>iftrum, Sc e converfo : Ec ficuc ex uno fpeculo fit reflexio <strong>in</strong> aliud;<br />

ficfieripoceftreflexio iridis ab una nube <strong>in</strong> aliam.<br />

PErft<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Sangu<strong>in</strong>isclaritas fa6tisprobanda.<br />

omnis <strong>in</strong> illo nobiUtas-, cujits Uusefl<strong>in</strong> orig<strong>in</strong>e (ola : canic Lucanus. Quoc, quaefbtC, al-<br />

tiororigo,quamcirculiilliustricoloreradiovariegati,& quafi annuli (ponlalitii^quocae-<br />

pironem. lum terrce jungicur ? opus eft, aureo Piftore Sole exprefTum , cui adfcribas : Solis ofus.<br />

AcquiaipfanihiIadfuiagiccon(ervacionem,femihorari£e lucis oftencatione exfpirat , ac<strong>per</strong>itomnis<strong>in</strong>illanobilitas.<br />

Pr<strong>in</strong>cipum Natalis haud abfbnS Iridislexortulignificatur&iEaMe-<br />

diolanenfib Relp. recens nato Pr<strong>in</strong>cipi Philippi IV.Hifpaniarum Regis Infanci feftivd aggratu-<br />

" lans<br />

,


Philofophico-Politica. 9^<br />

lans,iridern<strong>in</strong>cuniibulisejusjunxit,qiioniam<strong>in</strong>teibclloiumtempen:atesacmibiU<strong>in</strong>atuser:U,<br />

<strong>in</strong>rcribens: i'»rernuhilagratior. Atnumratiseft,tamprxcellumortumcluxiflc,ceiasque&; <strong>in</strong>lignia<br />

longo ftemmate numerare )<br />

Scttecd m<br />

Of*i ge»Hsjaclatfuum , alieHH lAudat, Scn. llcrc.fnr^<br />

29. , • V<br />

Propriaaccedatvirtutiscommenciaticfa^Visqucprobetur, fangu<strong>in</strong>em nobilem <strong>in</strong> venisbullire.<br />

Nohilitarenof/ai/ipropriavirtuspoteJ}., Maximiliani Auftriaci Cxraris refponfum erat, ad<br />

quendam, qui nobilitatis <strong>in</strong>fignia auro venalia expetebat. Romani profedlo hoc fcnlerunt<br />

<strong>in</strong>cujuscun>.]ueanimoviitus<strong>in</strong>e(ret,eiplurimumefre tribuendum, teftis eft VeliejusPaterc.<br />

NequcnovushicmosScnatuspopuliqueRomani eft, <strong>in</strong>quitillc, putandum enim reipla eft,^//. Pat,<br />

quod optimum cf^St (it nnbilillimum, Ait enim Sat)'ricus: l,i.<br />

Tota licet veteres cxornent undicjue cer^t<br />

Atria :<br />

nohtlitas fola eji atcjue unica virtus.<br />

Pccudumnobilitaseftbonaacfirmacorporishabitudo, <strong>in</strong>quit Democritus, & cquus velocitateprobatuti&canis<br />

venaricus,fiodoreferas<strong>in</strong>dagat: hom<strong>in</strong>um autcm nobilitas morum<br />

eftbonitas. Filimi! (certans<strong>in</strong>a£;oneNobiliftimusParens , Ncapolis Pro-Rcx fridericus,<br />

Xobilillimo filio CalabriiE Duci pro teftamento monitum reliquic) honeftis te excrciriis & la-<br />

boribus trade,necprx'pofterisfrangerevoluptatibus, nec<strong>per</strong>iculisaut difficultaribus tcrrere.<br />

Anenimnelcis, nobilescunas,triu<strong>in</strong>phalcscurrus, aureanom<strong>in</strong>a, iramortalem iamam, non<br />

nobilitaris,("edvirtutis prjcmium elfe^ Quiprimusclara<strong>in</strong>(ignia,heroum lanccas,ga]eas&plumasgeltavitianexrangu<strong>in</strong>ehiecnobilitatistrophxatraxit<br />

^ non ex fangu<strong>in</strong>etraxitjnamprimusnonerrct,fedexheroicofac<strong>in</strong>ore.Nec<br />

Hcrcules Lconisexuvias<strong>in</strong>dutuseft:, quiaLconc<br />

natus,rec|quiapropiioMartcLeoncmpclleexuit, proprix virtutis tegumentum comparavit.Prsmiorum<br />

regula menfura eft mericorum. Afpice hos <strong>in</strong> profanos Deafhos conditione<br />

clevatos,illos <strong>in</strong> Rcgnorum Adantes , iftos <strong>in</strong> bclli f ijlm<strong>in</strong>a prxpolitos : Illis vjcarix demandatxfijnthabenx,<br />

iftisPrimatum <strong>in</strong>cumbunt tituli. Sibeniiccdit, virtutis fuftragio funtpromoti,non<br />

fangu<strong>in</strong>is claritate. Vere Nobilis fe fadtis p rcbat : nam verum eft iUud Solonis apud<br />

Aufonium: PulchriHsmulioparAn\qu'»mcrear<strong>in</strong>ohilcm. QU^<br />

,


96<br />

Mctcoroiogia<br />

dU ^ S T K) VII.<br />

De reliquis proprietatil)HS , ejfeclu ^ rtgnificatione<br />

i ridts.<br />

COnclufiopniTia. Maximoelridlslatitudo fivediameter aliquando cft , fedvalde raro<br />

unius horanimiHiaris; altitudovcroejusaterraelHerduniusdimidii milliaris , tjuia<br />

vixlbletalciorefTeiris, quam<strong>in</strong>itium medixregionisaeris. Patcrvero MuurusfUtuic<br />

alticud<strong>in</strong>emlridiseiregraduum^f.ut fe quadrante deprehendifFe afTerit. Rationem<br />

ttadit Cabelus 1. 5. tex. 2f . quxft. r. qux poteit videri apud ipfiim, Ex quo deducit , quod , quo<br />

remotioraboculoeftnubesrorida, <strong>in</strong>qualbrmaturiris, eolris fitmajor >Sc pars majoris circuli.<br />

Racio eft , quiaexduobus (emicirculis, quorum unus <strong>in</strong> Ipatio centum paflbum<br />

app.ireat altus gradibus,4f, alius appareac altus totidem gradibus <strong>in</strong> Ipatio paiiuum ducentorum<br />

, fecundus eric multo major , & alcior primo ; ergo idem cont<strong>in</strong>git <strong>in</strong> iride, Et<br />

confirmat, quiacumquadrante menfuramus alcicud<strong>in</strong>em curris, quomagis accedimus , eo<br />

pIuresgradusakitud<strong>in</strong>isexhibet,quomagisrecedimus, eopauciores gradus exhibet aJtitud<strong>in</strong>is.<br />

Deducit fecundo, cur iris fequi videatur fugientes, nempe, quia cum fummitas<br />

iridisdebeatlem<strong>per</strong> habere a:qualem altitud<strong>in</strong>em, cimi accedimus, iris apparet <strong>in</strong> parte nubisdiftantiore,CLimrecedimus<strong>in</strong>parte<br />

prop<strong>in</strong>quiore. Ex quibus & hoc lequitur, Sole al-<br />

tiore deprimiiridem,eo depreflb atcolli , adeoque pro Solis alcicud<strong>in</strong>e diverfimode iridem<br />

fituari.<br />

Conclufiofecunda. InquavismundiparceSoleadversus nubempofito, fuisqueradiis<br />

illatn feriente fieri poteft iris , dummodo Solnon fit altior fupra horizontem 4J. gradibus,<br />

totenimgraduum cumfitfcmidiameter iridis,tota ipfafubhorizoncedeprefra efret,necvideripoteft,<br />

fiSolefTettocgradibusaltior. H<strong>in</strong>cergocoliigicur, (arpius<strong>in</strong> oriente & occidente<br />

fieriiridem. CjEterum, ut fpedabilis fit obfervantijnecefTe eft, utfpeclatcrexiftatmcdius<br />

<strong>in</strong>teripfam&Solem, alioqu<strong>in</strong>nonfieret adoculum reftexio. Unde Metecrologi doccnt,<br />

centrumiridis,oculum&SoIemefl!efita<strong>in</strong>eadem l<strong>in</strong>ea recta.<br />

Exquodeducitur,quodirisnonomnibuseadem, fed fuatantumcuique appareactotquc<br />

<strong>in</strong> roridis gattulisjdecidentibus arcus pifti confpiciantur, quot oculi (Lmt, qui versiis<br />

eos diri^uncur, pro<strong>in</strong>de moto cujusvis oculo etiam illi movetur iris. Ciim enim moro ocuio<br />

aliafiacl<strong>in</strong>ea a Sole<strong>per</strong>ocuIumdufta,hiEcautemI<strong>in</strong>ea(it axis illius coni, <strong>in</strong> cujus ibpcrScie<br />

cxiftuntgutcteiridem exhibences,&mutato axealicujusconi,mutariconum neceile eft;alia<br />

igiturericfu<strong>per</strong>ficiesconi,fiveoccupabicaliud fpacium,&:confequenter&aIiam iridcm comparere<br />

necefie eft. Undcquicaputelevat, veIdeprimit,moxiris mutatur, qui ftat, ilii ftat,<br />

qui progreditur illi & iris progreditur , & fmguUs paJJIhHs Itngnlas Irides JfeBimtHs , ut redteloquitur<br />

le Grand. hift. part, 6. arC. 9. M ita nohijcnm ^rogfediit currere , ^are , federe , vel qHiefcere vl- \<br />

cteatHr.<br />

Imocumexgucculispluvialibus<strong>per</strong>pedm ftillantibus a radiis folaribus illuftratisproducaturiris;<br />

f<strong>in</strong>gulisetiammomentisnova eisdem oculisiriscomparere folet, fuccedentibus<br />

nempecont<strong>in</strong>uo<strong>in</strong>delapfarumlocumnovisaliisexnube<strong>in</strong>pluvialiailla fpeculafeferefblven-<br />

le, haudaliteracfluviusidem apparenter <strong>per</strong>feverat, licet cont<strong>in</strong>uo mutetur eo , quod (cquentesaquasprioribusfuccedanc.<br />

De<strong>in</strong>deetiam Solcont<strong>in</strong>uomovetur,ide6que l<strong>in</strong>ca recta<br />

dufta a centro iridis <strong>per</strong> oculum ad ipfum Solem necefTario etiam cont<strong>in</strong>uo mutatur.Unde<br />

f<strong>in</strong>gulis etiam momentis iris revcra alia , & <strong>in</strong> alio loco (pedatori immoto comparere debec<br />

Deduciturfecundo. Nullasnobis p<strong>in</strong>giiridesadauftrum, quianunquam SoltransZenithnoftrumadSeptentrionemdigreditur,utocuIusmeridiem<br />

afpiciens, Solematergo habeat.<br />

Nequeobftat, quod viderianobispofl<strong>in</strong>trescollocaca; <strong>in</strong>ternos 6c fpeculum ; undc<br />

lequividetur, quodvideriiris pofTic <strong>in</strong> nube, quamvis coIlocacusficSol<strong>in</strong>cernos&nubem,<br />

. confequentia enim illa non eft vera, quia lumen Solis <strong>in</strong>ter oculum & nubem <strong>in</strong>terjacentis eft<br />

adeomagnum,utimpediaceoscoloresvideri,ficucimpedicvideriftellas. Obeandemrationem<br />

neque his, qui ultra iEquatorem <strong>in</strong> Auftrali tenx parte habitant iris apparcre poteft versusBorealempIagam.<br />

Frequentiusautem <strong>in</strong> iis locis iridesapparent, ubi (acile afcendunt<br />

rari quidam &; roridi vapores, quitotam nonexpeilantferenitatem, led accipiant &:reddant,<br />

nonext<strong>in</strong>guantSoIisradium, h<strong>in</strong>cflum<strong>in</strong>ibus Sc lacubus, aut udisvallibus<strong>in</strong>cumbentiairidumbrachiafiepe<br />

cernimus.<br />

Con-


Philofophico-Poiitica. 97<br />

Conclufiotertli. Quodtempusatt<strong>in</strong>et, quo IrisutpUifimQm confpicicur, poflautumnalexqu<strong>in</strong>odiumqualibetdiei<br />

horaarcum fieri polFe, obfervatum efl; , circa aflivule fol-<br />

fticium, totdvjue ardace, auc nunquam, auc raro apparet. Ratio dt , quia poft a-qu<strong>in</strong>odliumaucumn;iie,SoIc<strong>in</strong>gredientelibram,diesdecrelcunc,<br />

6c maceria redundat, ^tlbttautemSolcaiidillimusertadurcns&conCumens<br />

nubes, nam Iris nonfic cempore (crcno, nequeitanubiio,<br />

uc Sol lateat. Obquamcaufameciamvere, menfibusmaximi}Apriii& Ma-<br />

jotrequencioreslL<strong>in</strong>c, nonvero hyemeobnubilum 6c <strong>in</strong>validum Soiem. Qvcerum poceft<br />

pcrcoctim orbcm Irisappareremane vel fero; lub Poiisomni hora lonqx iliius lex menfium<br />

diei poceftapparere legmencum aliquod Iridis. Subxquacore cerni poceft Iris cribus horis<br />

ance occafi.im.<br />

Conclulio quarta. Probabileeft , Iridem apibus proficuam efTe ad mel colligendum,quia<br />

poftlridembrevilltmocempore» ucobfervacum eft, lavos conftruunc , qui etiicicur <strong>per</strong> rofcidosiilosvaporesj<strong>in</strong>quibustbrmacur<br />

Iris. Sequences vero etFedus, quos Pl<strong>in</strong>ius I,i2. c.<br />

i4.enarrac, tabulofi limt, quoruni primus eft, quod <strong>in</strong> Iridis term<strong>in</strong>o lcutellx aureae ccclo<br />

dccidua; rc<strong>per</strong>iantur. Secunduseft, quod plancas, arbores, tiucices , quibus <strong>in</strong>cubueric,<br />

etticiacodnr:iciorcs;hujus fijfpicionem<strong>in</strong>deorcamcredo, quod Iride conlpicua ros tcpidus<br />

prata riget,qui tcpoi huiriori<strong>in</strong>ixtusodorcmgignic.<br />

Conclufioqu<strong>in</strong>ca, Significaciolridisaliaeftnaturalis, alia ex<strong>in</strong>ftituto. Phyfice fignificataliquandopiuviam,<br />

aliquandolerenitacem. Evencushujusracio delLimicur a caufis etficicntibiisliidis,<br />

anubciorida&Sole; racione enimnubisfieripoccft, uc pluvixfcquanturj<br />

quando fcilicctradiilblaresimbeciiliores nubis humiditatcm exficcare nequeunt. S<strong>in</strong> autemcaIf)reSolisnubis<br />

humiditas exliccetur, lerenum llquicur tempus. Dc hac fignificationcphylicairidis.<strong>in</strong>quitSencca<br />

lib.i. natur. quxft. c. 6. Non easdcm undecunqueapparuerit,<br />

m<strong>in</strong>as adlcrt. A meridic oi ta magnam vim aquarum vehic, v<strong>in</strong>ci enim non potcrunt<br />

vehemenc<strong>in</strong>i<strong>in</strong>oSoIc, tantum illis eft viiium. Si circa occafutn rctlilfit, rorabit , (Sc leviter<br />

impluec. Siaborcu(i.irrcxeric,rerenaptomiccic, fic cciam iris, quam nullus anceceftit im-<br />

ber, (ignificatferenitatem. Hxctamenpro<strong>in</strong>dubicaco rccipienda nonfunt ; cimi iisfignis<br />

nonrarodecipiamur: quofit, quodPl<strong>in</strong>iusveriiispronunciec; nec pluvias ncc ferenos dies<br />

cum fide ab Iride porcendi. Illud camen obCervatum eft, &: ratione non caret, quod, fi colo-<br />

res Iridis (iib<strong>in</strong>de dcnliores appareant , doncc <strong>in</strong> atram dcf<strong>in</strong>ant nubem, pluvias fequi pofl<strong>in</strong>t<br />

fi paulacim clariores fianc,(S: ica candem evanefcanc, ferenicacem porcendcre. Ex <strong>in</strong>ftitutione<br />

autemdiv<strong>in</strong>a&ord<strong>in</strong>atione, fignumeft,nonfuturiunquam diluviitotiusoibis ,<br />

ut ex c. 9.<br />

Genel! patet. Sunt camen aliqui, qui & hoc putantab Iride nacuralicer fignificari, hac dufti ra-<br />

tionc: Iris, ciimexcaufahumida, nubefcilicec,


98<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Itanimirurn dirriicantiurnliUbernfulrn<strong>in</strong>Limquereditio ad unius lridisexortum,porn:obello,<br />

componitur,acpaxcoeloreditaurea. Sem<strong>per</strong> pacis nuntia , 6c vel <strong>in</strong>ipfo {erme mundi primordio,<br />

Iris liabebatur. Ita Cathar<strong>in</strong>a Medicifia, Henrici II, Gallorum Regis Conjux , libi-<br />

imet embiematis ioco iridem prxfigi voluit , hic <strong>in</strong>fcriptione <strong>in</strong>dgntm: Cum luce ftrenHm.<br />

' Encofniumcerteregia<strong>in</strong>doledignum, cui prx omnibus fanftum firmumque fit , iubditos<br />

non bellorum calamitatibus ac tempellatibus <strong>in</strong>volvere, fed velut pacifica columba oleam referre,<br />

j?acislridemaccendere,&:quantumfieri potefl:, tranquillitatislucem aflPerre&con-<br />

fervare.<br />

ErathocParentisPliilippiadFilium Aiexandrum documentum Rege dignum:y^


Pliilofophico-Politica. 99<br />

emas, Quidenimfeceris, fiexpugnataBelloni Pacis fanum a<strong>per</strong>ia^, confradisquc Martiaiibusfpiculisoleag<strong>in</strong>asnedascoronasy<br />

tL<strong>in</strong>e(ti(limamregn<strong>in</strong>odem(crenabis,tcrravum (ija<br />

ateiicitatedctrudendarum nautragium avertes, CiviumurbiiuiKiueiepuIclirum, <strong>in</strong>colarum<br />

tytannidemicalamitatislliadem,cruentum Trojani equi puer<strong>per</strong>ium l; t<strong>in</strong>ibus tuis adultimos<br />

usque Garamantas profcribcs. Neque deerit tamcn aut ju(li belli ratio , aut exaf<strong>per</strong>anlis,provocantisqueho(tis<strong>in</strong>fuItatio.<br />

Qupdfiadarma coaCtus tucris, qualitcr Otiiomanna<br />

Lunafxpiiis<strong>in</strong> AuftrixSolemeclipfandum cornuaeiigit ,arma arripe, at non ni(i Pacis tludioprehende.<br />

Erittunc g!orio(i(ITmaePacis ccrtid<strong>in</strong>ia (pes, quia nonnifi Deo cntheatus,<br />

juftitiiequei^horacecataphrac^us<strong>in</strong>campum proccdis. Totaequidem tunc Gigantomachia<br />

ruptisorcirudcntibus, totaCyclopum offic<strong>in</strong>a Itygiis e cam<strong>in</strong>is profiliat , omnisBiftonum<br />

fercciacompaclisviribusexiurgatlicet: videbitorbis&: mirabitur, pofTe ex Lunse re(rattione<br />

Pacis Iridem colorari, exitu gloriofo quia non potcft non cum lauro olea crcfcere ,<br />

;<br />

ubiPacisamacornonprovocans, fedprovocarus Juftitite ticulo pugnat , alias quieturus <strong>in</strong><br />

Pace.<br />

QUiESTIO VIII.<br />

De <strong>in</strong>folitis , acmiris <strong>in</strong> aerefimulacris quandoqne<br />

confpicftis.<br />

SOlentquandoqueetfi <strong>in</strong>frequentiiis varia <strong>in</strong>folita oftenta, cujusmodi funt <strong>in</strong>tegri exer"<br />

citus, prxliantiumconcurlus, turmxmilitum&phalanges, claffes armatx <strong>in</strong>tertiudus<br />

cumrcmisvelisque, &his(imilia<strong>in</strong> acrecomparere, quxhaudexiguummortalibusim-><br />

pendcntium<strong>in</strong>tauftorum eventuum metum<strong>in</strong>cutereconfueverunc. Nos prsienti quxftione<br />

circa hujusmodi (imulacra , ac (pedra <strong>in</strong>quircm us , pr.rcipuc quid (<strong>in</strong>t, qua; eorum cau*<br />

lisquid portcndant, (eu (igniticcnt.<br />

Conclulio pi ima. Milicum ac armatorum fimulacra, (idem fentiendum de reliquis) nori<br />

funtoculorumludibvia, fed verequandoqueapparent<strong>in</strong>acre. Patetveritas hujus conclufionisexauchoritatetumSacrorum<br />

, tumprotanovumlcriptorum. Sic 1.2. Machabajoruni<br />

c. f. narrat (acertexcus: concigicautem<strong>per</strong>univer(amJerofo!ymorumcivicarem videridiebusquadrag<strong>in</strong>capcracraequicesdi(currenCes,auracas(toIas<br />

habcnces, & haftis quaficohor-<br />

tes avmacos & curlus equorum <strong>per</strong> ord<strong>in</strong>es digcitos, & congicdiones fieri com<strong>in</strong>us 6cc. fic eciamancequamTicustSc<br />

Romaniobiiderenc&capcrenc Jcrofolymam, dicii. menfis Maji ait<br />

Jofephusl.^.dcBclIo Judaic.cap. 12. poft dies leftos anteSolis occafum vifi (unt <strong>per</strong> <strong>in</strong>ana<br />

tcrri cuvrustotis regionibus, «Scarmatsaciestranantesnubila, &;civitatiGircum(ij(x. Idem<br />

accidic RomscemporeS. GregoriiPontif Max.cumLongobardi <strong>in</strong>vaderenclc.aliam,utipfemet<br />

ceftacur Homil.q <strong>in</strong> Evang. dicens : priusqu."im Icalia gcntiligladioferiendacraderecur ><br />

i2neas<strong>in</strong>c


loo <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

fuo rhilofophiccaudivifre. Velafii<strong>in</strong> Burgundia fpettrum aliquod <strong>in</strong> nubibus apparuifle formam<br />

reprsfentans miiitis armati exerto gladio <strong>in</strong> aere penduli; totam urbem fpe(itaculum hoc<br />

haud modico terrore concuflit, donec attentiiis a Viris <strong>per</strong>itis mach<strong>in</strong>a harc aerea obfervata &<br />

fabuladeprehenfaeft,dumanimadverfum,S.MichaelemEccle(itEfafl;igioimpofitumreflexe<strong>in</strong><br />

nubibus tuifle, ceu <strong>in</strong> fpeculo objeftum.<br />

Eademfpecularisnubiumlij<strong>per</strong>ficiesfieripoterit<strong>in</strong>cidentefrigore <strong>in</strong> vapores tenues ac<br />

pellucidos,aquoconselati&opacati terreftrium rerum fpecies <strong>in</strong> fevelut<strong>in</strong>fpeculura<strong>in</strong>ci-<br />

aentes opportune reffeaent. Llnde Cardanus oblcrvat lib. 14. devariet. cap.yo.fcribens<br />

Aeris oftenta <strong>in</strong> Borealibus regionibus & mira magis & frequentiiis apparent. Similiter,<br />

quodvarixanimaliumvoces quandoque e nubibus prodeuntes audiantur , ideodem modo<br />

<strong>per</strong> voces animalium vic<strong>in</strong>iorum, tefte Kirch. loco fupra cit. <strong>in</strong> concava nube , aut monte re-<br />

flexals fieri poffe. Idem <strong>in</strong>tellige de aliis quibuslibet Sonis.<br />

Conclulioj. Refrad:ionis etiam beneficio fpedra quaedam <strong>in</strong> aere cont<strong>in</strong>gere poftunt.<br />

'5latioeft,quiapoteftalicubiaerimmixtis vaporibusrofcidis denfiorexiftere, utitaobjedum<br />

aliolocoreprs:fentet,quamreverafit; analogia eft<strong>in</strong>nummodemerfo &: exiftente <strong>in</strong> fundo<br />

vafis, qui tamen ob retradionem proximus fu<strong>per</strong>ficiei aquse apparet. Item ficut Sol <strong>in</strong>fra<br />

lioriZontemdeprefrusfupraeundemafFulgereconfpicitur, quatenusfcilicet radii aSole pro-<br />

•cederitcs<strong>in</strong>cidunt<strong>in</strong>vapores AtmofphterEe, ibiquerefirafti attoliunt corpus folare apparen-<br />

•ter fiipra horizontem , ita pariter poterit objeftum aliquod <strong>in</strong> terra vel mari conftitutum etiam<br />

<strong>per</strong>mediumvaporofijmalicubidenfiusitaradiare, utrefraddvideriqueat, alio loco nempe<br />

elevatum&<strong>in</strong>aereexiftcns. Undequando ad lacus Sc maria, ubiaervaporofior&denfior<br />

eft, aliqua oftenta,veluti navigantes <strong>in</strong> aere confpicerentur,cont<strong>in</strong>gere potueru nt.<br />

'Conclufioquarta. Tametfi<strong>per</strong>prtediftosmodosphafmata qutedam <strong>in</strong>folitacont<strong>in</strong>gere<br />

pofl<strong>in</strong>t prope terram , univerfimtamenomnia illa oftenta , quse Conclufione prima obiter<br />

velatafunt, remotioranempe&<strong>in</strong> coelo altiori conftitutam<strong>in</strong>im^, Sc nequaquamhismodis<br />

cont<strong>in</strong>gunt; prioraenimhujusmodifi<strong>in</strong>t, qutenon nificertis ac determ<strong>in</strong>atis locis & temporibus<br />

cont<strong>in</strong>gunt, nec nifi ex certis Sc determ<strong>in</strong>atis locis videntur , nec durant nifi ad breve<br />

tempus; pofterioraverofiuntvariis<strong>in</strong>locis, durant fkpe multis diebus, vidcntur variis ex<br />

locis, afevaldediflltis. Exquibusficarguipoteftprimocum P. Schotto Pliyf. Cur.1.6. c. 2.<br />

Si milites v. g. equites , exercitus,aliaque umilia objedta alicubi <strong>in</strong> terra,aut maris fu<strong>per</strong>ficie exiftentia,radiarent<strong>in</strong>nubes,autaeremvapidum,<br />

<strong>in</strong>deque ad <strong>in</strong>tuentium alibi conftitutorum<br />

oculosretle£terentfpecies fuas; viderenturipfaillaobjedta<strong>in</strong>fe<strong>per</strong>radiosreflexos, prout<strong>in</strong><br />

SpeculisfieriafTolet, velergo funt admodum remota ab <strong>in</strong>tuentibus vel funt prop<strong>in</strong>qua ? fi<br />

valderemota,nonpofruntvideri, autnonnififub m<strong>in</strong>ima fbrma, tametfi prorfus gigantex<br />

fbrentmagnitud<strong>in</strong>is;cumconftet,e6m<strong>in</strong>usapparere objedum, quo magis diftat. Sivero<br />

prop<strong>in</strong>qua funt, ergo dum <strong>in</strong> coelo apparent exercitus <strong>in</strong>tegri ,


hilofophico-Politica. loi<br />

miliiJmquererumiUtiquevisilladeterm<strong>in</strong>ata eftad effigiandas has 5c non illas armorum 6c<br />

fimilium rerum tiguras,curergoolim3liaarm3,3lterius hgurxnaves, &resaliaseffigiabnnt,<br />

qualestunc<strong>in</strong>uiijenmt,nuncautemaltcriusomn<strong>in</strong>6f'orm'X^ Cert^utolim, ita 6c nunc,rerumilbrumtbrmxacfigurx<br />

pendent,aliberoartificumbeneplacito, cuicauTxnaturales ac<br />

rfecefraria; non (eaccommodaut.<br />

Argues fecundo, Rhegii quandoque cernitur illud, quod vocant/


I02<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

ferre pmermitto i cumabannoprcefertim 1681. fimiliumpottehtorum ipfi (peftatores ^ o«<br />

culati teftes limus, haec non ni(i bellicarum calamitatum prxfagia f iiifle, & etiamnum efTe. Se.<br />

let nempe his^Jimilibdscjue prodigiii DELlSpramonere hom<strong>in</strong>esiM erndiat, <strong>in</strong>quit Cabeus-) adimpietatem<br />

dehellankam, & det metiienttbusfijignificationem , tttfugiant kfacie arcHSi^ Ht liherentur dtleUi. Cui confentitAmmianu3Marcell<strong>in</strong>usl.2i.<br />

EthnicuslicdtScriptor,dumait : Amat benignitas NHm<strong>in</strong>isy<br />

fitt^nodmerentHr hgm<strong>in</strong>cSffiH qmd tangitur eornm affeWemt his qtioque ration^Hs prtdere^ quittmpendenU<br />

31.<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

JaGuk 5 ne feriant , prasvide.<br />

jvr yi<br />

UTmagnaCapitacceloprop<strong>in</strong>quiorafunt, ita funt ei magis <strong>in</strong> amore. Nonvultcorum<br />

ru<strong>in</strong>am , fed ut avertere poU<strong>in</strong>t, prcemonet. Faces exponit, ut ad lumen videanc :<br />

prodigiofaprcEmittiteventa, ut fa<strong>per</strong>e doceat : <strong>in</strong>aereconfliftus <strong>in</strong>ftruit, utprofuturis<br />

bellisprtEmaturedifponant. Retrofpice<strong>in</strong>annumif^g. FamianoStrada tefte, illuftri node<br />

gem<strong>in</strong>iexercitus<strong>per</strong>cceknnparata aciedifcurrebant,haftis corufcantibus congrediebantur,<br />

armarefplendtsbant, ftationes mutabantur , volabant (picula, fcuta fcutis coUidebantur;<br />

quafi novi <strong>in</strong> coelum gigantes confurgerent, mutuisproeliis confligebant. Merit6 timoreni<br />

Albano <strong>in</strong>folitafpecies<strong>in</strong>cufterat, &c monentis coeli amorem tuiftc, ut timorem providum<br />

excitaret, eventusdabat. Hsecenimprodigia,utHiftoricus annotavit, Ornagiiexercitum<br />

imm<strong>in</strong>entem , Gheufiorum cJEdes ac latroc<strong>in</strong>ia, longamque bellorum ac miferiarum Iliadcm<br />

' denun-


:<br />

Pliilofophico-Politica. lo^<br />

deiiunciab;<strong>in</strong>t. Noh <strong>in</strong>anis commenti adagium : Prsvifa JacuU mims feriunt, llnde utl<br />

<strong>per</strong>rarahujusmodi oltcnta fr^W/r olympus , galeam crilla<strong>in</strong>que parat providus animus , ac<br />

ut b<strong>in</strong>is oculis cum natura munivit, ita b<strong>in</strong>o capite prxlcntia limul ac tiatura rneditatur. Ita<br />

JacobusIV.ScotixRexcaput biI'rons<strong>in</strong>columnapolitum,p<strong>in</strong>gi tecit, cumlemmatc «//«»>-<br />

^«f, prxfens fcilicetaca-que futurum refpiciam , ut ita fimad utrumque paratus. Si prudens efl Sen.l.d.4.;<br />

Mimustuust tribusremporihus di/j>e'i(etur,(yexb^ Cunt Romani VhWolhphl) pr£fi»ti,i ord<strong>in</strong>a-, futiuA virtHt.<br />

prdvidetprdterit,trecordAre.Qiii^>}ihildefuturopritmeditMurtifi omnia <strong>in</strong>cautus <strong>in</strong>cidit. Inluturaarmatus<br />

tuto illud Aullriaci Cxlaris Rudolphi II. repetet , Adfit. Aquilam enim libi Itatuit, Ipiculum<br />

unguibusgellantem;tela&bellam<strong>in</strong>aris? Tela&bellareponam. Jamenim aquil<strong>in</strong>is oculis<br />

pra;vidi,(Scprovidi: enparatum<strong>in</strong>venies,telistelareponam. Sienimaquila^f/.;,<br />

^DnoIandrJ prxceptio eft : Ut optimus Gubemator , priuscjuam folvat eportu , uavcm omnibus ayma- n^^^'<br />

mentis <strong>in</strong>fruereJuUf^ :tj etiui» providus im<strong>per</strong>ator , cfuocunc^ue ujuiftbi fore VutabitiprdpAret diligentcr.<br />

Hacdiligentia, quiaD. Alvarus deBazzanoArchitalairus prxftantiftimus,navibusfuis,ante-<br />

^<br />

quamadexpeditioncmleacc<strong>in</strong>geret,pro(pexit; dicerelblitus,diligcntiam elletbrtunxmatrem.<br />

Ideocontigit. JoanneBotero id atttltante, illiusCialiemnunquamnonrcdi<strong>in</strong>e viro-Boter.<br />

£tncem. AmaTvichri.icuram, Magui DucisMedicei lyuibolumerat. Undecuivis, livecoe- Ditlor.<br />

lorum,liveregnorumDom<strong>in</strong>oIamiliareeft Maximiliaiii II. ex Auftrix Archiduce Romano- 'wewor.<br />

rumCxLiris: Dom<strong>in</strong>ttsprovidebit.<br />

p-i-fM*<br />

-r^u^ mm- -^:^-:^' '^n^^ '^-sH' ^.u^ ^^sa^^' ^^'


I04 Mcteorologia<br />

rumquemukifbrmijaducommoveri, tumqueventorumportasa<strong>per</strong>iri, cum Jupiter Solem,<br />

Lunam,&Mercurium, auteundemMercuiiumMarsdiametrali radiationeafpexericvel ei<br />

quadrata tlierit conjunilus; velubiuterque<strong>in</strong>lignis acreisfiaerit,aut<strong>in</strong>Gem<strong>in</strong>ib, & Libra;<br />

autciimLuna&Jupiter<strong>in</strong>Ariete&Scorpione pariterfUer<strong>in</strong>tconftituti; de<strong>in</strong>de Lunaa:qua-<br />

bilifbcietatispoteftate cum Mercurio coierit.<br />

Paracelfuslib. de Meteor. cap. f. fblitis fuis nugis afTuetus, ait: Fenti <strong>in</strong> jidUs exiHunt^<br />

& iflizmatres eornmfant. Etpaulo poft: Semeyt-,cx qaoventi nafcunttirteft materiafrima tr<strong>in</strong>m wimo-<br />

rttmiHtfttlph(ir-,fali&liqHor'yh£ctriamaterfmt.y ex quaflatHsproven<strong>in</strong>nt. Et <strong>in</strong>fra: Fidetis aqnam <strong>in</strong><br />

ollaferveijtememittereventHm&iC. pariter FalcanHS ignens exiftens <strong>in</strong>ftellis tria prima bnllire facit pro fua<br />

mtHra-,<strong>in</strong>deventHstxfirgit. Ita ille, qua;,quisnonvideat,nugasefre?<br />

Ariftoteles&Peripateticicommuniterdocent, materiamventorum efTe exhalationem<br />

calidam & liccam. Conimbricenfes tamen traft. 6. Meteor, c. %. afTerunt , non efTe puram<br />

cxhalationem, fed<strong>in</strong>terdumacfrequenteredam vaporesexhalationibus<strong>per</strong>mixtos. Quam<br />

op<strong>in</strong>ionem ego ex his veriorem fentiam,ex fequentibus afTertionibus collige , unde fit<br />

Conclulio prima. Materia ventorum efl exhalatio calida &c ticca. ita Arift. 2. Met. c. 4,<br />

Ratioeftprimb,quiavere&autumno, quandoeft exhalationum copia, maxime dom<strong>in</strong>anturventi.<br />

Secundb, quiamatut<strong>in</strong>otempore, Soleexoriente, ventorum flatus commovetur,<br />

eb quodtuncmulta exhalatio eterra eliciatur. H<strong>in</strong>c fentiuntnautx circa promontoria<br />

vehemenresventos,


Philofophico-Poiitica. 105<br />

biculumacrexterior, nedeturvacuum. Similiter cum <strong>in</strong>cenditur filva , vel agri comburuntur,<br />

folet excitari ventus undique verfus locum <strong>in</strong>cendii, cujus eadem eft ratio, dum cnim<br />

ignis aerem elcvat, vel partem ablLimit, luccedit atfr prop<strong>in</strong>quus , ne dctur vacuum , qui<br />

adeopferumque<strong>in</strong>valefcitduranre<strong>in</strong>cendio, utlongelatequenammadiffundatur. H<strong>in</strong>c <strong>in</strong><br />

Sicilia, uttcflaturSchottuSilub capitis pxna prohibituro , ne ante certum tempus (<strong>in</strong>itium<br />

iicmpeOctobris) Stipulo; a quoquam <strong>in</strong>cendantur , antequam videlicetex hortis 6c v<strong>in</strong>cis<br />

iructusfuntcolled:!. Nec ventihiexhalationesruntab <strong>in</strong>cendioexcitata:, licenim ventus<br />

exloco<strong>in</strong>cendiiquaquaverHimetfunderetur, 6c non ad locum <strong>in</strong>cendiiconriucret. Itcm,<br />

fidomus, autturris, autaiiud quodpiam magnum onus corruit, aercircumftans tam vehe<strong>in</strong>entercommovetur,utvic<strong>in</strong>acorpora<br />

prollcrnat', aut ad Jatus abripiat. Praterea cum <strong>in</strong><br />

aliqua parte tempeftas prxparatur &: cogitur, Iblet excitari ventus accurrens ad tcmpeftatem<br />

cujusratiorurrusdt,quiadumacr<strong>in</strong>locotempellatis<strong>in</strong>frigidatuscondenlatur,aIiusaccunic<br />

adlocumrelidumoccupandum. Qu<strong>in</strong>t6,quiapleriimquemancfubauroramprxrertimdie-.<br />

buslerenisexckaturventuiusquidam iiiavis, qui fcrtur versijs orientem Solem ,<br />

, ;<br />

ut pluri-<br />

mum.Quodideocont<strong>in</strong>git,quiaSolexorienscalorelijoaeremproximumcalelucit,


io6<br />

Mcteorologia<br />

Se„ er, re arrogantia ambitionnem calces. Magnmlmos ms »at,tra produxit, cr glorwfiim mh,s , ac<br />

m 'J' excelftirn^fp<strong>in</strong>tumdediK Sen. In hoc vero magnanimi llimus, quod honorum Rracius <strong>in</strong>lra<br />

i//. nosponimus, &qu^alcaapparent, utvil>acontai.nimus. Oftim,smortalmm ah.JJ.ma [af.r,<br />

"" '^'•'^<br />

TacU<br />

c.fi.<br />

dicebatCa^farTiberius.<br />

At qui abjedta hsec appetit, qu^aue fub pedibusjacent amplexu<br />

^-«- '. ambk an^ilWetit^ annon<strong>in</strong>timishxrecf Rcg.are aMUnnonnoH.fiUno^r.^^^^^^<br />

res & lubiellia qusris^ ad ea contendis, quae abjeaiffimi no<strong>in</strong>mis , ac rulticas appellatioms no<br />

m nibus F iWis & L^ Porciis & Scrotis, Vitellis & Suellis, obtigevunt. Hxc.ergo cOm<br />

Mot. X'a^Vn:^1^.tnoribusrep^<br />

/ I HonoraHtemvr&mmmeflvtrtHt,s,Vh\\oio^homm<br />

Eth nMiavirtusexcellaeft.<br />

1 r<strong>in</strong>cipis axioma ciu<br />

)ri?cum( arolo V.iUoGe<br />

ac Auftriaco Hercule conmtendumeft i<br />

unonltisirm rdeWeria^ det<strong>in</strong>iamus , fed plus ad alta, v.rpdigna,exccllo acquead<br />

Su^liana^animoptnacontendamus. Hxc, qu^ <strong>in</strong>tra pedes jaccnc, pedibus calcate,<br />

optima arrogantia eft.<br />

QUiESTIO 11.<br />

D€ caufaformalh^ efficimte ventortim,<br />

COnclufioprima. Formalis fubftantialis caufa ventorum, eft eadem, quj exhalatienis<br />

vS 7& aeris. Accidentalis eft motus obliquus feu transverfalks agitatio<br />

c rcalefrari RuSprimipatet ex didis, ex his enim conft.tuitur. Ratio tecundi<br />

;W,Srmpolu?m?llud Lidentale, quod ventus dicltur<br />

petmotum,quoftata.v.g.ligneaconftitu.tur<strong>per</strong>hgur*m,undenondebetdiciventusmo_^<br />

,<br />

,


Philorophico-Polidca. 107<br />

veri, quall vcntus Ik fubjeftum motus,cum potius fit enentialitcr ipfemotus , ficut ftatua noQ<br />

eltlubjcctLimrit;ui\E,redfiguranJclTentialiter<strong>in</strong>cludit ; rurfus neque ventus dcf<strong>in</strong>iri dcbet><br />

quod lit Iblumcxhalatio, vapor, vel aer, licut itatua non dicitur edc Iblum iignum. Ex<br />

quibusconllat^nunquampollebisfentiri eundcmventum>quia<strong>in</strong>otuseItaiiquid fluensj undeoptimevencus<br />

dertniri poterit, quod Iitexhalatio,velvapor,autacrcommotus,<br />

Majorcontroverfia eft, circacaufam efticientem obliqui & transverfalis motus , a quo<br />

acr,vapor&cxh3latiohabet,utdicaturventus. Qux qua^ftioadeodifticiiis eft, ut ob illius<br />

oblcuritatem (cabillaabft<strong>in</strong>erefate.aturP. Arriaga D. unic. decoelo, n.75. nos tamen<strong>per</strong>aliquotconclu(ionesrempr£elentemexam<strong>in</strong>abimus,<br />

«Scquidnobis tenendum (it, liabjiciemus.<br />

llndenr<br />

Conclulio fecunda. Angeli non funt ord<strong>in</strong>ari^ caufa efficiens ventorum. Ratio eft, quia<br />

quandoaftignabilis eftcaulaphy(icaprxdidimotLlsobliqui,noneftphiIo(()phiad<strong>in</strong>tclligentias,liveangclosrecurrere,hcrcvcr6<strong>in</strong>traanignabitur,ergo.Dixiord<strong>in</strong>ari^iquiatumex.Vcriptura,rumexSacris<br />

ac protanishiftoriis conltat, Deumexcitare fub<strong>in</strong>de, autregereventos<br />

m<strong>in</strong>ilterio Angelorum,ita Jonx c. i. Dom<strong>in</strong>us mijit ventum magnum <strong>in</strong> mare, Qu<strong>in</strong> «Sc dxmones<br />

ctiam<strong>per</strong>milTioneDei vcncoscommovercpatct exJob.c.i.ub<strong>in</strong>arracur,opedcEmonisrepent^<br />

vcntum vehemenrem irruifl^e .i regione deferci,t5c concusliffe quatuor angulos domiis.Conftat<br />

etiam ex Olao Magno I, ; c. 1 6. ut alibi retulimus , de F<strong>in</strong>nis iSc Lapponibus , eos olim mercatoribus<br />

ventos venalcs exhibuiire, ac tres nodos magica arte confecratos tradidifllsquorum<br />

L foluto habituri eirent ventos placidos, 2. vehemcntiores , 5. vehementiftimos. Sic etiam Sopater<br />

Philolbphus morti adjudicatus ob ligatos vcntos verlu magico,ne annonaByzantium de-<br />

vcheretur. Plutarchusqiioque <strong>in</strong> Lucuilo refhc, cum Mitiuidates Rex Pontivalida clalfc<br />

urbem Cyzicumoblidcret, Pro;eip<strong>in</strong>am(dxmoncm videlicer)no£tc apparuifleAriftagoriE,<br />

acdixiire: Crastubic<strong>in</strong>cmLybicumcumtibic<strong>in</strong>c Pontico committam ; ac diepofteroAuftrumtijroci<strong>in</strong>mumaLybiaadfpirantem<br />

disiecillechiflemPonticam.<br />

Conclufiotertia. NecSol, & viscorporumccelcftiumimmediata ventorum & motus<br />

cbliquicaulaetHcicns eft,ut Aftrologiquamplures tenent. Ratio eft, quia nulla certa lege<br />

flantventijmutancurquefxpiusaliquandoeodemdie; neque<strong>in</strong>eftedibusfublunnribus, ubi<br />

aliquapoteft<strong>in</strong>veniricaulaadcoeleites, &c fu<strong>per</strong>lunares, tutorecurri potcft. Tgiico tamen<br />

caulamremotam<strong>in</strong>tluxumi^^derumcire, utpotcquorumcaliditate exhalationes & vapores<br />

eterra&:aquafublevantur,raretiunt,d:ad.igitationem prxparantur. Prxterea ex<strong>per</strong>ientii<br />

com<strong>per</strong>tumeft,certulyderumcoitione, ortuOkalpei^u maximos ac frcquences ventos fxps<br />

exiftere,undcadgencrationcm,motumqueventorum mulcum .iftrorum <strong>in</strong>tiuxum conterrc<br />

colligimus.<br />

Conclufio quarta. Nec aer ex naturali , ^ <strong>in</strong>nata fua vi agitationem hanc obliquam efficit,utdocucruntStoicicumSen8ca<br />

lib.f.c.fi. Ratioeft, quia vim movendi leab<strong>in</strong>cr<strong>in</strong>feco<br />

folis viventibus natura conGClIit, unde aer de te <strong>in</strong>ers (S: <strong>in</strong>agitabilis eft.<br />

Conclufioqu<strong>in</strong>ta. Etveroprorlusalienaeft op<strong>in</strong>io Kepleri, qui voluit, ,ut <strong>in</strong> priori<br />

quiftioneiuf<strong>in</strong>uavimus,terram<strong>in</strong>gensquoddamanimalefle,&exfpirando,<strong>in</strong>lpirand6queacrem,vcntos<br />

crhccre,


loS <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

dic,quod fipartesleves fLipeiMntgraviores, cum (bmpei alcendant, non apparet , und^tanto<br />

impetu&peturres&sdificia<strong>in</strong>terram venti profternant.<br />

Conclufio fexta. Caufaobliqui motus non cftgyracio raptiaeris <strong>in</strong> gyrum Scoelo moto<br />

aboriente<strong>in</strong>occidentem. Ratioeft, quia (equcretur, omnes ventosab oriente<strong>in</strong>occiden-<br />

temierri, quandoquidemillomotufolum aerrapitur, (iacoelorapicur ; quod tamen eft a<strong>per</strong>tefaKum.<br />

Accedit, quodomnesventiax]ualivelocitate<strong>in</strong> transver(um agitarentur , utpotemotiabeademcauia,<br />

ejusde'mque virtutis.<br />

Conclufiofeptima. Necfolagravitas halituumdefcendentium&occurfus afcenden-<br />

tium,&; <strong>in</strong> fe <strong>in</strong>vicem imp<strong>in</strong>gentium cau(a obliqui motus eft , ut Fromondus 1. 4. Meteor. c. 2.<br />

art.f. afferit, dumdocuitexlialationes&vaporcsrecu<strong>per</strong>atagravitace<strong>in</strong> fecunda regioneaerismagnoimpetutorrentis<strong>in</strong>ftar<strong>in</strong>terramcadere,<br />

quiavero <strong>in</strong> dcfcenfu <strong>in</strong> alios vapores aP<br />

cendentes ortendunt,uti&:<strong>in</strong>aerem,luctancurcumillis, 6c <strong>in</strong>obliquum impellunt, ac cum<br />

illisetiammoventur<strong>in</strong>transverfum, Incidithcec Sententiacumop<strong>in</strong>ioneTheophrafti. Ratioauccmconclufionispr£Eterdi£taeft,<br />

quodilla fbla gravitas & ievitas exhalationum non<br />

f<strong>in</strong>tvencorumcaula, quia etiam <strong>in</strong> fummis montibus, acdiprailloslpirantventi<strong>in</strong>transverfum<br />

adti ; & tamen ibi non funt exhaiationes refta deorfum ruentes, & ab occurrentibus aliis<br />

impedita;, quiadeberentrucreexfuprema acris regione , ubitamen nnn pofTuntgenerari.<br />

Secundo , quia (i exhalationes funt adeo graves, ut tancam edere polliiic ftragem , certe (enti-<br />

retur ilLirumpoiidus, &:haberetden(itatemaliquam; ficutnubesnon funcgraves, nififiant<br />

etiamdenlx. Accedit,aquammulto gravioremeffe, quam exhalacionem ; &tamen non<br />

ruit cum tanto impetu. Denique ventus turb<strong>in</strong>es <strong>in</strong> terra facit, furfum rapienspulverem: ergonon<br />

efttantiimexhalatio cadens <strong>in</strong> terram. Dico tantum, quia, quod pr^didajuvent<br />

quandoque admotum obliquum halituum , ultro admicto.<br />

Conclufiooftava. Nccfolararefa£lio,aut condenfitio aerisacalore vel frigorecaufata<br />

ventum excitat ; quemadmodum voluic Averfa, qui lic philofophabacur, quando rarefic<br />

fubitomagnaparsacr-is, nv^ceflariopropellitante (e aiium aerem , &: hicrurfusalium , &ita<br />

ventus excitatur; fimiliterquandocondenlaturmagnaparsaeris^debetnecefTarioftatimfuccedereatiusaer,<br />

(Scficparicercaufaturventus. Ratioveroconclufioniseft, quiafihtEceffet<br />

adcEquatacaufaomniumventorum,fequereturomn<strong>in</strong>o, ut optime P. De Rhodes obfervat,<br />

quodpaucioresefTentventiautumno&vere, quam a"ftate & hyeme , quiam<strong>in</strong>ortunceftra-<br />

retadlio , quam xftate,iSc m<strong>in</strong>or condenfatio, quam hyeme. Accedic , quod, dum rarefit aer.,<br />

<strong>in</strong>omnempartemexpandacur, undeventusnonflabitunquamab una fblum parteabAuftro<br />

nimirum,velAquilone; fedxqualiter<strong>in</strong>omnempartem,<br />

Conclufionona. ReIatisaliorumfententiisdicendumigitureft:Caufamdetorquentem<br />

halitus<strong>in</strong>obliquum, ac ventosefficientemnonelTeunamfem<strong>per</strong>, fed aliquando illam, alias<br />

aliam, frequentius tamen & univerfalius efle tum raretaclionem & condenlationem , tum impetum,<br />

utcommunis Peripateticorum op<strong>in</strong>io eft;impetum, <strong>in</strong>quam, halitibus a frigore &:den-<br />

litate medixregionisaerisimprefll.im, dum enim halitus a calore Solis accenuati (brfum tendunt,&mediamregionemaerisf'rigidam,vaporibus<br />

&: nubibus refercam offendunt; abilla<br />

tanquam<strong>in</strong>imicovaIderepelluntur,nuncad obtulum furfum, prout nimirum figuratus eft<br />

vapor,&: nubes frigida, quam ofFendunt. Cuius ulterior ratio eft, quiacum horum halituum<br />

materia fit levis & aerea,h<strong>in</strong>c ubi repellitur, reda deorfbm defcendere non poteft , fed i n obliquumdetorqueturobmixtummotum<br />

violentum & naturalem, quam naotus ©bliquitatem<br />

adjuvat fbmorum nova foboles cont<strong>in</strong>uo afcendens, & priores exhalationes impellens. H<strong>in</strong>c<br />

tamvariiexfurguntmotusventorum; utaliquando<strong>in</strong>lbblimi<strong>in</strong>nubesdom<strong>in</strong>entur, cumtamenapudnosomniaf<strong>in</strong>ttranquilla<br />

; aliquando <strong>in</strong>feriora fiisquedeque vertant, cumtamen<br />

fu<strong>per</strong>icra tranquilla f<strong>in</strong>t.<br />

Sententiade rarefaaione, qusemihivaldearridet, probari & explicari duobus exem-<br />

plis poteft. Primum vulgare eft de tormentis ceneis, ubi conclufus ignis magna vi exilit,<br />

non poceft angufto fpatio capi, unde totum illum fia-<br />

quia<strong>in</strong>ampliorem difFufus molem ,<br />

gorem&motumetiamtransverfumefficitrarefadioignis<strong>in</strong>fpatiumappofitumtubiorificio;<br />

ergofimiliter<strong>in</strong>clufaexhalatio, vclaqua<strong>in</strong> cavernis terrEe , fi rarefiat ex anguftis illis locis<br />

prodiens,movevipoteritoblique. Alterumadhucfimilius exemplum habet Vitruvius l.i.<br />

c. 6 fiuntenim Aeolipiljc xrece ac cavje ; habent illae punftum anguftifl^Tmum , quo aqua.<br />

<strong>in</strong>lbndipoteft, collocancurque adignem ; ill« limul cumkrvere cce<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>t, efficiunt <strong>in</strong>gentem


Philofophico-Politica 109<br />

gervtemfliitum ,ventoquam fimillimum : icaparitcr judicare licet Sparvulo, hrevilTimoque<br />

IptrculodcmagniscxEliventoruiiiquerationibus ; namut aqua raretada <strong>in</strong>xrca illapila <strong>per</strong><br />

anouftiastbram<strong>in</strong>is (e cxfpirat, licacr,at]ua, exhalatio (Libita raretadione diffluunt <strong>in</strong> ventum,<br />

quamvis,utrupramonui,rarctadio hcEccau(aadsquata ventorum non (it. CxtcrLmi<br />

fimilemglobumKircherustocoadaptavit, qui lexcarnium libras <strong>in</strong> veru igni admocas vcr-<br />

tendoanavit.<br />

Colliges, aeremetiamquandoquecommoveripofTe afluvio,velalia aqua decurrentc,<br />

cumquaunarapiatur. Patethoc bella ex<strong>per</strong>ientia tornacum , <strong>in</strong> quibus absque tbllibus,<br />

<strong>in</strong>gcncemventum ii^niexcitandomechanici concitarelblent hocmodo:aquamcx:iItioriloco<br />

cum impetu rucntem ligneo meatu vel canali ita excipiunt , ut aliqua tamen canalis pats ab<br />

aquavacuaremnicac; cumoscanalis<strong>in</strong>vas<strong>in</strong>tra<strong>per</strong>curumdenv3nc,cur.<strong>in</strong>tque,utaquacum<br />

impctu <strong>in</strong> illud decidat. Cont<strong>in</strong>git enim, ut aiir, qui aquiE <strong>in</strong>cumbit, una cum aqua <strong>in</strong> vas de-<br />

Huat,&quiacana!isex(u<strong>per</strong>iorip'arteIatioreft:,&: alius fu<strong>per</strong> alium cumaquairruente ruit,<br />

comprimiturillc<strong>in</strong>tus<strong>in</strong> va('e,(5c<strong>per</strong>tubumt'urnoimmiftum propcllitur <strong>in</strong> igncm ,<br />

eumqu»<br />

<strong>in</strong>uItoequidemvehementiLis, quam (iatblle exprimeretur, concitat. Aqua vero ex tundo<br />

va(]s<strong>per</strong>tu(befHuit, utalteri<strong>in</strong>uentilocumrel<strong>in</strong>quat.<br />

Quxresadhucprimo : Cur ventus, ciima pr<strong>in</strong>cipio move.atur<strong>in</strong>plura latera, de<strong>in</strong>de<br />

ret<strong>in</strong>eatmotum<strong>in</strong>unicamp.artem, RcCpondco: RationemquandoqueefTe, quiaexhalatio<br />

apta ad cont<strong>in</strong>uandum ventum, protcnditur (b\iim fecundiim unam pavtem e. g. ad dexteram.<br />

Secundo tierihocpoteit, quiaex unaparte exhalacio refleditur, & repellituraliquoimpedimento,e.g.fi<br />

cogaturcxhalatioad lateramontis, &motumconcipiat,montiappuirarepellicur,acqueadc6nonconc<strong>in</strong>uatmotumversus<br />

Kitcra montis ,aliquando ctiam ut diclum eft',<br />

rcpellitur a nube. Si vcrb cont<strong>in</strong>gat cxhalationcm .vqualiter expandi <strong>in</strong> omnia Iatera,& non<br />

<strong>in</strong>venireimpedimencum,conc<strong>in</strong>uabicmocum <strong>in</strong>pluresparces , 6c ficuc abuno tbncepoftunt<br />

oriripluresfluvii, fic ab unofbncccxhalacionis oriencur plures venci ; acque ut<strong>per</strong>fiftamus<br />

<strong>in</strong> eodemcxemplo, (icutpoceftaquaexcodemfbnte derivari<strong>in</strong>plurespavtes, <strong>in</strong> quarumaltera<br />

arefcat, eb quodnon accedantalixaqux, <strong>in</strong>altevaverdaccedentibusaliis ajquis evadatia<br />

magnumflumcn,ficpoteft accidere <strong>in</strong> exhalatione.<br />

Quxresfi^cundo, quopacloventus ceiret ^ Refpondeo : CefTave pofTe primb cx eo,<br />

quodcxhalatiomadetadta a pluviaamittataptitud<strong>in</strong>emadmotum; fecundo,exeo, quodcx-<br />

halatio disfipctur, fpiritus enim <strong>in</strong> motu, dum eorum pars adhjcrefcirterrx , «5c aliisrebus, ia<br />

quas imp<strong>in</strong>guntjpaulatim dit<strong>per</strong>^luntur,


iio Mctcorologia<br />

/. /. (ie Re- frimttHr (eft Romanx eloquentiae effatum) <strong>in</strong>veterMHmfit plerHmqnt reiK^iM, Et plantulx fir*<br />

w


PRo<br />

Philofophico-Politica. III<br />

Q^U^STIO III.<br />

De numero ^ 'varictate njentorum.<br />

<strong>in</strong>telligentia meliori rubrequencium conclufionum, prcEmitcendum duximus prim6,<br />

nom<strong>in</strong>ehorizoncis, exquodicuncurventiruigerediverli, non<strong>in</strong>telligiciiculumillum,<br />

quiterram<strong>in</strong>duo fccatlixmilphitria, quia non potell una exhalatio <strong>per</strong> totum terrx<br />

quadrantemad nos usque Buere. Nom<strong>in</strong>e igitur horizontis <strong>in</strong>telligitur hic fpatium<br />

terKcremoci(Iimum,,quodliantibus <strong>in</strong>planitieapcrta cerni poteft a nobis, quem vocamus<br />

horizontem vilioilem.<br />

Pixmittendum recundo,fpatium hoc horizontis varii varie def<strong>in</strong>iunt. Proclus ceqfet illudeire(tadiorummiJlc,idcrtLeucarum42.<br />

Daniel Barbarusnon extenditadlhd<strong>in</strong>iiliqu<strong>in</strong>-<br />

genta. Bod<strong>in</strong>us non tribuit milliaria nili quatuordecim. Macrobius milliuriaduncaxut vig<strong>in</strong>tiduocumdimidio.<br />

Nautcccommuniiisajunc <strong>in</strong>cralexcummilliare Belgicum fummaemcrgere<br />

velanavium ; undelequicur cocum diamecrum horizoncis vilibilis efle <strong>duodecim</strong><br />

milliariumBeIgicorum,leu Icalicorumtrig<strong>in</strong>cafex. His policis<br />

Conciulio prima. Qu^;icuor clle Pr<strong>in</strong>cipes leu Card<strong>in</strong>ales ventos e quatuor fcilicetmun-<br />

di partibus (eu prxcipuis angulis Ipirantes , quos iEoius primum notaHe <strong>per</strong>hibctur , relisrcn.<br />

tePi<strong>in</strong>ioii'um leu Zcphyrunr, a lcpcencrione leu pulo arfticoBoreamlivc<br />

Aquilonem.<br />

Conculiofecunda. Quodfpedtacadcjeceros vencos, qui hifce quacuorprimariis poffuncadjicicmquamC';lIatCfa!es,<br />

<strong>in</strong>numeri aliignari valenc , coc nimirum quoc iL<strong>in</strong>c horizoncispundta,<br />

cum cxquolibecpunctopolllnc Ipirare. Placuittamen illos reducereadnumciumf<strong>in</strong>itum&:ccrcbi<strong>in</strong>.<br />

EcAndronicus Cynhedesodovencosllacuic, qui,ucVicruvius<br />

lib. i.deArchiccd. cap.(,. commemorac, eorum defcripcionem <strong>in</strong> turri marmorea o6togona<br />

AthenicnHbus cxh buit hunc <strong>in</strong> modum : <strong>in</strong> f<strong>in</strong>gulis latcribus f<strong>in</strong>gulorum venrorum imag<strong>in</strong>es<br />

lculptas contra fuum cujiisque Hatum ac litum dclignavit : tum lupra eandem turrim metammarmoream,<br />

cui rritonemxneumimpolLiit, virgam dexcra manu porrigcncem , itauc<br />

ventocircumagercturjfem<strong>per</strong>quecontrariatumconlifteret, ac liipra effigiem Ipirantisventi<br />

<strong>in</strong>dicem virgam tencret. Ariftoteles vero duodeci<strong>in</strong> vencos delignabat, qui horizontem<strong>in</strong>totidempartesdiviiitiduospolos,<br />

duas <strong>in</strong> l<strong>in</strong>gulis circulis polaribus, tres ortus,tres<br />

occasus, dcl<strong>in</strong>gulosventos<strong>in</strong> f<strong>in</strong>gulispundislocavit. Boreas apoloar6ticovenit;Aufterab<br />

antar£tico. Ab ortu Solflitii sellivi Cxcias ; ab occalia ejusdcm Argeftes; ab ortu acqu<strong>in</strong>odialiSublolanus<br />

; ab occafu ejusdem Favonius; ab orcu lolfticii hiberni Vulturnus; ab occafu<br />

ejusdemAlricus; adcxcris Boreo; Thrafcius, a f<strong>in</strong>iftris Meles. Dcxcer Auftri Phxnicias:<br />

S<strong>in</strong>ifter Libonocus. Recenciores camcn Philolbphi propccr ullim navigationum aliter & ex-<br />

adViusventosdivilerunt. Ret<strong>in</strong>ueruntenim quaruorventosCardirulesanciquorum, &:di-<br />

viduntcocu<strong>in</strong> horizoncem <strong>in</strong> parces crig<strong>in</strong>ca duas , uc <strong>in</strong> pyxide nauticaannotatur, & f<strong>in</strong>gu-<br />

Usluumvcntumallignarunt, ponences nempe<strong>in</strong>tcr duos quosque Card<strong>in</strong>ales, feptcmalios<br />

collateralcs.<br />

Conclufiotertia. PrxterCard<strong>in</strong>ales illos 6c univerfales ventos , dantur etiam plures<br />

venci Prov<strong>in</strong>t iales , qui prov<strong>in</strong>ciam aliquam fpecialicer <strong>per</strong>ilanc, non aucem ubique cerrarum<br />

viijenc; eft cnimoblcrvatum, l<strong>in</strong>gulislereprov<strong>in</strong>ciispeculiares ventos ita eire proprios, UE<br />

ultra carum tradus non prodeant, lic Achcnis proprius eft \7entusquidam, quem Scjro ap-<br />

pellant, rcliquxGrxcixignotus. Ai-tbnlus^ <strong>in</strong>quit Scncca <strong>in</strong>fcftat Apuliam, Calabriam Ja-<br />

/i/A-, Galliam Narboncnfcm LirciHSt violentus ille quidcm, fed regioni adeofalubris, ut ei<br />

ara erecta lit im<strong>per</strong>ance Augufto. Subjilanus <strong>in</strong> toca terd regionctorrida toto pscnd anno (pi-<br />

rat.<br />

Conclufioquarca. DancureciamvcnciaBniverfarii, qualcs ((ilent efteEcefi.r, Grcccijc<br />

proprii , nocancur camcn &; <strong>in</strong> aliis plerisque rcgionibus. Frcquenciores camen ic conftantiores<br />

li<strong>in</strong>t <strong>in</strong> occano. In oceano enim Atlantico certo anni tempore ventus excitatur deferens<br />

unocircitcrmcnle navcsexHilpania<strong>in</strong>Americam. In duplici func diifercncia. .^ftivi (ci-<br />

licet (ScHyberni. Illioctocircitcrdiebus ante Caniculce exortum, fivepoft IblftitiumcEftturn<br />

fpirare folent ad 40. circiter dics ; Lenti dicuntur & (bmniculofi, quod , ut aireritPl<strong>in</strong>ius<br />

lib.2.C3p.47. atertiadiei horaoriantur, (Scnoctudenuo conquielcant. Hvbcr-<br />

niverofuntiftiviscontrarii, contrarioqueexoriunturtemporc, hoc c(t ,<br />

poft brumarii^o.<br />

diebusproflantes,fcdexiliores. Etefiarum orig<strong>in</strong>em docer Arift. & Theoph. a liquationc<br />

mviumfpiritusflatuolosexlialantiumfub polo & <strong>in</strong> remotis Borealibus regionibus evcnMe.<br />

Va-


112 Mcteorologia<br />

Verum fi hoc cfTet , fpiraret, xftate tora die Sc nodte, eo quodfem<strong>per</strong> polaribus regioni-<br />

hils<strong>per</strong>fexxft.vos menfesju<strong>per</strong> horiz,ontem ftt Sol. Qu^arepotiusdicendumjuxtadivcrram Dofitionemregionuma]ii.]Uiitionenivium<strong>in</strong>montibusproximisevenire.<br />

llnde <strong>in</strong> GrseciaamontibusMacedonixdkThracix<strong>per</strong>petuasfi^reniveshabeDtibusrcaturiunt.<br />

Sicut , quod Ma-<br />

driti <strong>in</strong> Hilpania magna seftatis parte flent venti Boreales, caufa Pyrenceis jugis cont<strong>in</strong>uis nivibus<br />

obteftis adfcribitur.<br />

SecundaratioEteliarum cfTe poteft , quia certis locis Sol & (ydera determ<strong>in</strong>atis anni<br />

temporibusexcitantcertosfpiritusiquiventosefficiunt. Ha?c veroeftraiio Etefiarum fpirantium<strong>in</strong>oceanoAtlantico,acpacitico,<br />

dumenimSolcft <strong>in</strong>certofitu& <strong>in</strong>tali configurationecumaIiisftellis,excitatillos(piritus.<br />

Ratio vero furama' conftantix talium ventorum<br />

<strong>in</strong> oceano eft vaftitas ipfius, eft enim <strong>in</strong>gens maris trailus, ex quo erumpunt fpiritus , qui concipientesmotum,cumnonimp<strong>in</strong>gant,acrefi-anganturad<br />

littora propter oceani vaftitatem,<br />

iervant eundem tenorem.<br />

Conclufio qu<strong>in</strong>ta. Dantur etiam tres illi tamofi , nautisque formidabiles venti , qui<br />

aPhilofophisdicunturEcnephiaSj^fyphon, & Prsfter. Repent<strong>in</strong>i omnes , & fubitanei,<br />

ac <strong>per</strong> modum fubn<strong>in</strong>is e nube excufu. llnde eorum generatio & natura a communium Ventorumgeneracioneacnaturarecedit,<br />

& fisre ad fulm<strong>in</strong>um fpeciem accedit : caufas quippe<br />

easdem ierfi habet, quas tulm<strong>in</strong>a. Materia eft exhalatio,fed paulo crudior,quam fulm<strong>in</strong>um:<br />

tbrmaeftexplofioillaenubibus , & motus deorfijm ; etiiciens efteadem, qucefulm<strong>in</strong>um,<br />

idemqueftnis,nempemetus,&reverentiaCreatoris. S<strong>in</strong>gulashasljaecies placet brevisfim


3+.<br />

Philofophico-Politica<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Politicus adverfis folidauir.<br />

-,K- 3 +<br />

Myi^nus animus 1 dc fortis omniat qud cacUre <strong>in</strong> hom<strong>in</strong>em fojfunt^ dejpicitt & pro nihile fMAt-) ait<br />

Romanx eloquentiaePr<strong>in</strong>ceps. Aceenfopedoriventusretrigerium eft : Generofus Cic.Ub.i,<br />

animus, quidquid calamitosc advenit, tanquam Zephyrum excipit. £t ut annoia, def<strong>in</strong>A.<br />

firmitc'rqueradicefixa quercus ventorumappullli non frangitur, fed folidatur ; ac cum vi-<br />

cloria turb<strong>in</strong>em repellit, Ita <strong>in</strong>ter adverlaiuis fortuna: aquilones aquil<strong>in</strong>us roboraturanimus,radicemtirmat,conftatutpetra.AlphonfusII.CareLtusMarcliioSavonielymboliloc6arcem<strong>in</strong>rupecollocatamgefnt,qu2efruIlra<br />

a ventorum confpiratione oppugnata lemm»<br />

meruit : Fortcs probamur impetu.<br />

Etutnon alongdpetitoargumento <strong>in</strong>fiftam, domefticis immoremur. Maximilianus<br />

Auftriacushujusnom<strong>in</strong>is i.Rom. Imp. Pertot difcrim<strong>in</strong>a , fublimi animo cludtandum cen-<br />

fuit , (Scadgloriigremium non f<strong>in</strong>e monftris fu<strong>per</strong>atis contendendum. Certe taftigia fiia<br />

habent faftidia ; atigneumpedusconcoquitfmgula. Onusomnishonos,(Scalunt curascu-<br />

rix; atdevoratomnia, qui aquilam pedtore geric. nidulantur <strong>in</strong> faxis puUi aquilarum, i<br />

ncrofusanimusarduis<strong>in</strong>nutritur; fcit,Atlancemfeefre humeris <strong>in</strong> onera aptandum.<br />

'^<br />

mumregaleaureummalumeft, gellarehoc nelcit, mala qui portare renuit. Apti nati ad<br />

hocfuntAuftriaci animi , ferrum digerere norunt, 5c irruente adverfario vento firmiiis figuntpedem.<br />

Utfalubrioresfunt, quce(axisillidunturaqux;&quasventus <strong>per</strong>purgat xdes,<br />

vencnum nonadmittunt, quo <strong>in</strong>ficiantur ;<br />

Ita Auftria velut laxum <strong>in</strong>ter turb<strong>in</strong>esftetit <strong>in</strong>-<br />

«oncuflki & quo magis a ventorum impctu fuit petita , tanto purgatior ejus tama orbem<br />

P pcrvo-<br />

<strong>in</strong>


114<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

<strong>per</strong>volavit, quiaventofanonvenenofa , ac <strong>in</strong> tam robuftam eft arborem folidata. Kon tji<br />

Senec, de arhor Jolidoit necfortis-, niji<strong>in</strong>qitamfreqiicns ventus <strong>in</strong>curfit^ ipja enim vexatione conflr<strong>in</strong>gttur , & ra.<br />

Prov.c.4, dicesurtiusfgit. Sen. Auftiia, dumftetit<strong>in</strong> iierba, jam turb<strong>in</strong>ibus agitabatur. Ex<strong>in</strong>de domefticisconrtidlabatuimaiis,<br />

nontamenliangebatur: bellicisjadabatur tempeftatibus,non<br />

tamenmergebatur : <strong>in</strong>vidis prasfc<strong>in</strong>debatur <strong>in</strong>fultibus, non tamen dejiciebatur. Domefticiturb<strong>in</strong>es<br />

fl ibia erant,quibusultra Herculis cancellos portabatur. BcUici Huftus vehiculumerant,<br />

quibus aliorum fu<strong>per</strong>capita promovebatur. Invidiasvulneral<strong>in</strong>eamenta eranc,<br />

quibus f brmofiiis p<strong>in</strong>gcbatur. Perfecutorum confiiia conciliaerant, quibus <strong>in</strong> fublime leva-<br />

batur. Dum <strong>in</strong> eam conjuraverant mala, ipfe fiicia eft bona: quantoque illa pejora , canto<br />

hcccmefior: cumque illa eft^ent peffima, iixc opcima evafit. Variis exercebacur cafibus,<br />

a quo ftat. Duriiis premebatur, a quo;[Rom3ni Im<strong>per</strong>ii pomum moderatur, Scadhue<br />

Frider. l, flat. Qiiorum animi <strong>per</strong> caUmitates tranjierunt ^ fortijftma quitque forti & immobili confiantia fer.<br />

Ati, Ro, ferunt, Seneca confolat. ad Helviam. Cum orbe nempe <strong>in</strong> motu immotHs fortis ftat ani-<br />

^'w/'. mus.<br />

NOn<br />

QUtESTIO IV.<br />

De ejfeciibHS ^ ^rotorietatibHS^ventorum <strong>in</strong>ge"<br />

nere,<br />

cft ubique locorum eadem ventorum natura, afFeftio & proprietas ,<br />

cum vcn-<br />

ti cujusvis efFeftus, &:proprietasaduobus pocifllmum pendeat, ab ipfomet fcilicec<br />

tpiritu, quo ventus confiftit, & ab eo loco , <strong>per</strong> quem|tranlit. llt 'igitur certi aliquiddeventorumlcftedtionibus<br />

& pioprietatiljus conftitui poflit , tum vel maxim^<br />

uniusregionisnatura&conftitutioobfervanda eft. V.g. Halitus, ex quolocofpirec, &:<strong>per</strong><br />

quodmedium tranfeat. Quare fit<br />

Conclufioprima. Ventiab <strong>in</strong>tr<strong>in</strong>feco,&:exnaturafuaeaspetuntquaIitates,qua;ipforum<br />

fubftantialibus formis debentur, unde fi ventus ex exlialacione agitata provenic ab <strong>in</strong>-<br />

tr<strong>in</strong>feco, liccus eft&fiigidus, utterra, cujusfbboles eft , fi vero non ex fola exhalatione,<br />

fed velexexhalatione velvaporeagitatooritur,tuncaliusab<strong>in</strong>tr<strong>in</strong>tecoliccus&: firigidus erit,<br />

cujus nempehalituseterraprodit ; alius frigidus & humidus , cujus fpiratio exaquaevocatur.<br />

llnde venti, qui a mari veniunt, multum habent humoris. qui a mediterratio<br />

aeris , eas enim&hic pofcetqualitates, qux formx atjris debentur, qui eft humidusi& ca-<br />

lidus,<br />

Conclufiofecunda. Siautem fermo fitde qualitatibus , quas ventis obveniunc fecundumeumftatum,<br />

quem obt<strong>in</strong>ent, dum vi Solis, aliorumque fiderum e fubjedis elementis<br />

<strong>in</strong>fublimevehuncur, dicendum omnesventoscalldos efre&: ficcos, fieorummateriafitexhalatio;<br />

vclecll omnescalidif<strong>in</strong>t, aliostamen(iccos,alioshumidos efTe, juxtaeamfententiam,<br />

quam&noscenemus, atpauloantedidtum, quasetiam vapores ventorum materiam<br />

facit.<br />

Concluflo certia. Qupd fi locorum & regionum , <strong>per</strong> quas Cranseunt, racio habeatur,<br />

tuncdicendumfecundumearumvarietatemdiverfas <strong>in</strong>duere qualitates. H<strong>in</strong>c fit, ut non<br />

idemubiquetem<strong>per</strong>amentumhabeant v. g. Boreas Africae nubilus eft, Aufter ferenus , <strong>in</strong>quitPl<strong>in</strong>ius,<br />

Europavero ex<strong>per</strong>iturcontrarium. In America narrat A CoftafrigidifHmum<br />

cfleAufirum, «ScBorecenoftrocognatum. SicetiamSeptentrionales, quia <strong>per</strong> locanivofa,<br />

&:ti:igidaad nostrajiciunt,frigidifIimifunt, &ficci ; oppofiti vero, quia <strong>per</strong> mare locahumentia<br />

& calida, ut <strong>per</strong> Zonam torridam , ad nos <strong>per</strong>veniunt, calidi fu nt & humidi. Ex quibus<br />

illud deducitur, primo , quod venti pro qualitatum , quibus imbuuntur , exceffu & mediocritate,&tem<strong>per</strong>ie,aiiicorporibusfalubres<br />

habeantur, alii noxii,alii hoc, alii illud morbi<br />

gcnus<strong>in</strong>vehant. UndeVitruviuslib. i.c.f.ait,<strong>in</strong>InfulaLesbooppidumMytilenemagnificd<br />

aedificatum efTe, atque eleganter, fed pofitum non prudenter, quod <strong>in</strong> ea civitate, ciim Aufter<br />

ftat,hom<strong>in</strong>es£Egrotant; namisventusputred<strong>in</strong>is caufam praebet; CLim Corus Circioaff<strong>in</strong>is<br />

aboccafufolftitiali fpirat,hom<strong>in</strong>estufIiunt; ciimSeptentrioatqueAquiloreftituuntur <strong>in</strong>fa-<br />

lubritatem.<br />

Deduciturfecundo. Utcertialiquiddeventorumnaturaconftitui poflit, tumvelmaximeuniusregionisnatura&<br />

conftitutiooblervandaeft: v.g.halicus,exquo loco fpiret, &<br />

<strong>per</strong>quodmediumtranseat. Ha:c enim duomaxime ventorum naturam conftituunt,variantque,<br />

ut fu<strong>per</strong>ii.is annotavimus.<br />

Dedu-


Philofophico-Politica. 115<br />

Deduciturtertio: Ventitamenomnesnaturacenfeiitur frigidiob motum ; quoautem<br />

vaIidiores,eo magisretngeranc(!kex(iccant,actandem ferenitatem pariunt; imbccillesverd<br />

raiefaciunt» humcdant, pluviasquegignerclbient.<br />

Deducitur quarto. Maritimiventipleriquecenfenturene<strong>in</strong>falubres, utpotequi calorcm<br />

& humorcm,pr<strong>in</strong>cipi3 corruptionis,iimul ferant. In calidillimis tamen regionibus & fumma<br />

a:(btenonnunquamlalubreslunt,quiaretrigerant,i5c exeo,quodalciusaSole elevcntur,<br />

funtpenetrabilesf<strong>in</strong>e noxa.<br />

Deducitur qu<strong>in</strong>to. Medicorumjudicio omnia ventus, qui exaeris commotione non fit,<br />

fed ex halicibus foliim 6c vaporibus , non tantijm nocivus, led &. exitialis effe poteft.<br />

Deduciturfexto: Curunaregioiitmagis ventoia, quam alia, quia nempe terra unius<br />

regionis emittit plures exhalationes aptas ad hoc, ut convertantur <strong>in</strong> ventos, auam alia. Idem<br />

eciam cont<strong>in</strong>gic <strong>in</strong> mari, unus enim f L<strong>in</strong>dus maris abundat pluribus fpiritibus fiatuoiis , quanj<br />

aliusivelccrteunusmaristradlus c<strong>in</strong>giturlittoribusac terris, ex quibuserumpuntp!ures(piritus<br />

riatuofi. Sxpeetiamvidemuscivitatesquasdam& regiones effe fubjeitas quibusdam<br />

ventis montanis vehemenciflimis Sc parum (alubribus, ratio eadem eft , quia montes illi abun-<br />

dantexhalationibusfiatuolis &: <strong>in</strong>falubribus,<br />

Deduciturfeptimo: Cur idem ventus, qui <strong>in</strong>unaregione eft<strong>in</strong>falubris, <strong>in</strong>aliafitfalu-<br />

bris, <strong>in</strong> una cogat nubes, <strong>in</strong> alia ferenitatem t Qu.ia fcilicet licec ventus (piret ex eadem parte ,<br />

non tamen oritur ex iisdem locis, fed ex diverlis, v. g. ventus aliquis fpirans hic ex parte meridionulioriturexmontibus,<br />

quifuotnobisadmeridiem, 6c litpepropagarurfbiij<strong>in</strong><strong>per</strong>millia-<br />

riafo. tmjegeseJl-,ubtTroj4fuit. Ovid. Optimarum di-<br />

fcipl<strong>in</strong>arumcolonia, ditiflimaarcium nutrix Achenac , quo pede ftant "i armorum illuvioni<br />

<strong>in</strong>volutafadaeft pifciumpabulumMaterPhiloIbphorum. Etcum<strong>in</strong>flatusvidoriis AlexanderMacedoniamGixciamquetottriumphislaurcatara,<br />

<strong>in</strong> Gentium Dom<strong>in</strong>amcvexit;t3n-^^A^^ jg<br />

demRomanorumarmis corruens , propriis c<strong>in</strong>eribus docuit : Cont<strong>in</strong>uameffe rebus generatto- „f„^^<br />

n(m AiqtHforrHptitnem. Nativa<strong>in</strong>eft palmisdefedio; (Scquumfe diucontrapondus erigunt,<br />

corr.l.i^,<br />

P z<br />

uiidem^^ „*/


Ii6<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

tandemproprio motu <strong>in</strong> fenium <strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>ant, lnejl rebns cunUis qMidam velnt orbis > ut ejuemaJmodumtempornmvtces,<br />

tta & morttm & honorum vertantur. Tacitus. Qucm fecunda afpexit<br />

hora, mox funeftus excipic horolcopus. Et cui belli alea gloriofis praeluxit prognofticis<br />

momentomutato vento triftiafuccenditfidera, exviaore vidum fecit, ^gidem a Perfeo<br />

mutueslicet, autabHerculeclavam: vidoria;tamen teftum faciia m funeftum atque <strong>in</strong>teftum<br />

traniit epilogum. Pediirequx vidtorix vicisfitudo eft. Pilx ludus fortuna eft , dat po-<br />

mumhuic, quodalterieripit, Laurostriumphalestandemcupreftlisfunerat. Quos fortuna<br />

fortestccic, tbitenuitatafilumgtorixrupit. Fabulamad tempus agunt mvitti Heroes,<br />

ielicem comoediam explct.l <strong>per</strong>fonii <strong>in</strong>telici tragoedia claudunt, Quantacunque conhftat<br />

fnlia'r:i,<strong>in</strong>punaoverfatiiiseft,'quianonniU <strong>in</strong> punfto folet cont<strong>in</strong>gere. Ipfaterrapunttum<br />

&«.ff5/,eft,<strong>in</strong>quo bellamovemus: vertitur<strong>in</strong>pundo. Fortun'.Ecirculonecrede, quem evehit, <strong>in</strong><br />

rocam aeit : Q^ijiat , mox cadit. Inter fcritnra vivimus , omnia mortal<strong>in</strong>m o<strong>per</strong>a mortalitate donatti<br />

(mt. Seneca. Amphitheatraamplisfima,marmoreiarcus,molesHadriani,delubraDcorum,<br />

capitoliaHeroum,Pantheonpacis,Augufttmaufolxa, Romanorum fanaomniavana : modicus<br />

ventus orbcm llibruit. Flevit Xerxes moriturum exercitum , Tu ride glorix triumphummoxabiturum<strong>in</strong>tumulum.<br />

Nefaftu extollaiis,quia faftigiumattigifti; globoit^ftis<br />

quovis impului movendus. Sem<strong>per</strong> fbrtuna nutat,& cum vento mutat. Effluit cum aftluit:<br />

hh Us <strong>in</strong> (ecmdis rchHsnil qHemqtutm frferU


Pliilofophico-Poiitica. I17<br />

QUtESTIO V.<br />

T>e effe^ihns ^ proprietatibns 'ventorum <strong>in</strong>fpecie,<br />

QVamvis<strong>in</strong> rLipeiioribus Quxftionibus ob connexionem & vic<strong>in</strong>itatem materixiama-<br />

liquid (parlim de crteclibus ic proprieratibus ventorum <strong>in</strong> fpecie <strong>in</strong>l<strong>in</strong>uatum lit, hic tamen<br />

proprius & tijnor de l<strong>in</strong>gulis difierendi locus erit, ut plenior fiat dodh<strong>in</strong>a. lln-<br />

•delit<br />

Conclufio prima. Ventifeptentrionales <strong>in</strong>EuropaferOtotafrigidi funt^Scficci. Ratio<br />

defumiturtum;"itrigiditatelocorum,<strong>per</strong> qux<strong>per</strong>meant, tum quia exlpirant ex lubtiliflTma<br />

parte nivium Zon.K li:igid.c. Serenitatem atferunt, quia condenfant acrcm & exficcant.SunC<br />

falubresobconltridtionempororum &cutisanimalium, qua ht, ut calor <strong>in</strong>ternuslenonad<br />

extra efFundat, fed <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>terioribus conlervetur. Llndediutiiis leptentrionalis, qLi.im meridio-<br />

nalispopulusvivic. Diciturx.amen, Boreas male artedis corporibus aliquando nocere. Si-<br />

militer vitibus gemmantibus & aliis'plantis tenellis ac floribLis <strong>per</strong>lccpe exillit<strong>per</strong>niciofus.<br />

Omniumhicmaximevaliduseft (Sfimpetuofus, quoniamxftu maximo, mcridiano fcilicet"»<br />

cxcitatur,&:materia omniumfacillimd<strong>in</strong>vaporesdiflblubili, nubibusnimirum conftat.VentusetiamBoreal.scilmlitgravior<br />

&dcnfiormagisquafired:a deorfum propcllitur, ac fiEvior<br />

eft Auftro, cum acriori tiigore condenletur. Llnde etianj flante Borea & ['udo coelo , non ita<br />

repelli poteft fumus, ficuti coelo pluvio ; vel quod Boreas non ex obliquo, ut Aufter , ftd <strong>in</strong> directummagis<strong>per</strong>tlet,<br />

velquodgravior fitacrismoles,ciam fpirataquilo, Oblervatum etiam<br />

eft, vcntos Boreales tanto debiliores fieri, quanto ampliiis h<strong>in</strong>c ad a;quatoremprocurrunc.<br />

Econtra ver6 ab asquatore quantb ampliiis versiis ancardicum polum profpiranC , efKciencur<br />

reveriores&: trigidiorespriElcicim <strong>in</strong>regnoChili Sc Pcrii. Qui audiciis gravicace laborant<br />

aucliibliirdelcunc, Borcalivenco<strong>per</strong>fpirante&aeris ferenitatem afterente taciliLis audire <strong>in</strong>cipiunt,<br />

qui alioqu<strong>in</strong>, ciim dentus & pluvius eft acr, Aufterquc fpirat ,<br />

diendi tacultate privancur.<br />

omni propemodum au-<br />

Conclulio lecunda. Ventimeridionalesvulgocalidifunt&humentes. Calidi quidem><br />

quiaexlocisZoncetorridxvic<strong>in</strong>is fpir.<strong>in</strong>c, penTic<strong>in</strong>cque<strong>per</strong>locac3!idiora:humidifunc,quia<br />

conftancmukovaporeamarimedicerraneo & aliis locis elevaco ; ideoquc phirimas nubes<br />

colligunc. Nequ^canciimcolliguncnubes, fed eas cepore fuo folvunc <strong>in</strong> pluviam. H<strong>in</strong>c<br />

Aultercalidus eit ic humidus, morbidus, icem asftuofus, fulm<strong>in</strong>cus , noxius & peftilens ;<br />

ncranspluviasiScnubes, uci &procemporis vacioneconicrua. Sicamcndiuciiislpirac, cunc&<br />

ferenitacem Sc fuffocancemcalorcm provocarcpoccft. Solcc


n8<br />

Mcteorologia<br />

modicecalens, omniummaximeblandus<strong>in</strong>regionibus, quse maximd diftant i mari. Menfi<br />

Aprilifummo<strong>per</strong>efamiliaris, quadam tem<strong>per</strong>ie caloris & humoris glaciem refoivit &: nives,<br />

undeipiratpotillimum, cumad nos aves <strong>in</strong> vere denuo remeant , quse iiyeme latitabant,<br />

tumiterum,cumanobis<strong>in</strong>autumnorecedunt. Sub<strong>in</strong>depluviatem<strong>per</strong>at Soliscalorem, &<br />

cumaptiflimeadgenerationemliumorimifcet. Vef<strong>per</strong>iautliorispomeiidianis crebrius fpirat.<br />

Paritvariascorporummutationes,fole'tquealiastenuifi:igorelaluberefre, ac ambiguus,<br />

OvaquiedamdicunturZephyriafeuFavonia, qujeagall<strong>in</strong>is aut columbis generari putantur<br />

folo <strong>in</strong>ftatu Zephyri feu Favonii. Dicebatur etiam , <strong>in</strong> Lufitania ex folo Zepiiyro equas con-<br />

ci<strong>per</strong>e; quodtamennegantLufitanifeex<strong>per</strong>iri. Alteroccidentalisventus efiAfricus, folis<br />

tempeltatibus celebris.<br />

Conclufioqu<strong>in</strong>ta. VentusgencralisZonKtorridcedom<strong>in</strong>ans, qualis ell fubfblanus auc<br />

ejus collateralis non <strong>in</strong> omnibus eidem Zonte fubjeftis regionibus fem<strong>per</strong> uno & eodem tempore<br />

&I0C0 viget, fedfiibiispotiflimumfignorumparallelis, quse Sol <strong>per</strong>curric. llnde naves,quopropiusSolis<br />

femitis accommodantur, eofaciliori, breviorique navigatione term<strong>in</strong>umfuumconfequuntur.<br />

Siutr<strong>in</strong>queafemitaSolisplusxquorecefTer<strong>in</strong>t, ob novasvento»<br />

rum,quosex<strong>per</strong>iuntur,legesfubfolanocontrarias etiam magis retardantur 6c impediuntur.<br />

Ventus etiam hic Generalis fub uno &: eodem parallelo <strong>in</strong>divifibili fpatio non fertur,fed habec<br />

fuamlatitud<strong>in</strong>em<strong>in</strong>nonnullislocismajorem,<strong>in</strong>aliism<strong>in</strong>orem. Sub Tropicis ad 7. gradum<br />

tamadAuftrum,quamad Boreamexcurrerecom<strong>per</strong>tum eft.<br />

Conclufio fexta. Inlocofubpolariardlico nullusventusfeptentrionalis aut quiscunque<br />

alius prceterauftralemdaripoteft; aquacunqueenimplaga <strong>in</strong> eam regionem fpiret ventus,<br />

fem<strong>per</strong>expartibusauftralibus ad feptentrionemferetur. Contrarium accidit liibpolo ant-<br />

arftico ; nam omnes ibidem venti funt feptentrionales.<br />

Conclufio feptima. Ornithius & Chelidonius ventus,qui ab Hirund<strong>in</strong>um adventu denom<strong>in</strong>atur<br />

, oriuntur a diverfis locis , fub diverlis terrae tra6tibus verno qu idem tempore fiib vef<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>um<br />

Arfturi exortum. Fertur autem Chelidonius circa terra latera humilis, omniiimque<br />

fuavillimus &: commodillimus , ut plurimum vero <strong>in</strong> Favonium abit.<br />

Conclufio odlava. Exhydrius ventus a ruptura nubium diftus germanicd X^OoIcfCft«<br />

25tlicb/ dupliciter , ut bens^ <strong>in</strong>nuit Kircherus,exoriri fblet ; vel enim relbluta <strong>in</strong> humorem nubium<br />

mole, quce <strong>in</strong> terram non guttatim decidit, fed totali effufione omnia <strong>in</strong>undacione fiili iufeftat;<br />

veletiam eximoaquarumprofundonafcitur,cumexmariquietiIlimotempore& malaciSiquafifcopis<br />

purgato exurgit quidam vapor,qui<strong>in</strong>ftartub£E, aut monicce <strong>in</strong> fummamaltitud<strong>in</strong>empaulatimelevatur<br />

; de<strong>in</strong>deveroadeodilatatur, ut totum &coeIum 6c maredensacalig<strong>in</strong>ecoo<strong>per</strong>iat;<br />

moxautemhorridiflimiac<strong>in</strong>credibilis violentix venci confequuntur»<br />

quibusOceanustantarabie<strong>in</strong>candefcit, ut nemo facile formidabilem illam fludluum vehenientiamconci<strong>per</strong>equeat,necullafaciIenavis,fiquando<br />

ea <strong>in</strong> Exhydrium hujusmodi ventum<br />

<strong>in</strong>cidat, evadere poflit. Venti hi Exhydrii <strong>in</strong> noftris regionibus folent plerumque .-iccidere,duraaercomprimiseftvaIdetranquillus,rarus&caIidus,<br />

exnubibus atris valde gravi-<br />

bus,acterra: admodumprop<strong>in</strong>quis; atqueetiamiispotisfimumlocis, ubi <strong>in</strong>ter mondum utr<strong>in</strong>que<br />

conftitutorum catenas five claudiras ventus aliquid <strong>in</strong>feriiis arre<strong>per</strong>e,& easdem nubes<br />

facilSfuft<strong>in</strong>ere,ali6quetransferrenequit;<strong>in</strong>apricisautem caropeftribus, &<strong>in</strong> planitiem ex-<br />

currentibus locis vix ejusmodi procellas cont<strong>in</strong>gere folent.<br />

Qu.xresprim6. Curventi feptentrionales & auftrales f<strong>in</strong>t vehementioresorientalibus<br />

3c occidentalibus, licet <strong>in</strong> aliquibus locis oppofitum conc<strong>in</strong>gat. Refpondeo : Rationem cire,<br />

quiaventivehementioresoriuntur ex montibus, ut conftat ex<strong>per</strong>ientia, quodprovcnit ex<br />

eo , ut patet ex didis , quia ex montibus exhalat magna copia fpirituum , qui vehementilfim^<br />

concitantur; montiumvcr6jugacommuniterprotenduntura feptentrione ad meridiemia<br />

Germania, Gallia, Hifpania&Afiricatotafecaturmontibus protenfis a feptentrioneadmcridiem.<br />

TotaAfiadividiturmontibusS<strong>in</strong>icis,aliisque<strong>in</strong>eandempartem decurrentibus. Ame-<br />

rica meridionalis & magna pars Americae feptencrionalis dividitur montibus decurrentibus a<br />

feptentrioneadmeridiem. Quod fi quaeras occafionebujus, curnatura protenderitmontes<br />

afeptentrioneadmeridiem. Refpondeo: Rationem efTe, quiamontesfunt, quafioffaterrar,<br />

ut tirmenc illam concra mare, & prsfercim concra oceanum, ne impecu flio cerram fc<strong>in</strong>dac, Oceanus<br />

enim fecundum longicud<strong>in</strong>em excendicur ab orience <strong>in</strong> occidencem , & verberac molc<br />

aquarumliccorafepcencrionalia&auflralia; undeillafirmandafijeruncjugismonciumexcurrencibus<br />

a fepcencrione ad auftrum feu meridiem.<br />

Quxres fecund6. Quare marmora & ligna nonnunquam videancur fudarc & madeficd<br />

Refpondeo: Racionem non efTe, quodipfamarmoravelligna emiccant illum humorem, ut<br />

vulgus putat, fed ventos aiFerre vapores, qui naarm^oribus adhaerefcentes , ab illisquefrigefafti<br />

refolvuntur <strong>in</strong> aquani«<br />

Colliges<br />

"


Philofophico-Politica. 119<br />

Colligesprimo: Didisproprietatibusventorum adhuc aliasaddipofTe : f<strong>in</strong>eillisenim<br />

marianonnavigantur : aerfpirarenequit, nili haurias ex eo pellilentiam ; terra <strong>in</strong>fxcunda<br />

eft, animalia non vivunt , mundus non Ipirat , fedmortuus eft, utomniafmelpiritufunt<br />

mortua.<br />

Coiligesfecundo: Quodfuamventiqualitatememedio, quod prcetereunt, utdidlum<br />

eft, accipiant, ex<strong>per</strong>imcntodocuitKircherus: fiatcanalislongus<strong>per</strong> modumtubs, qui ita<br />

firmetur,utlatiorparsextracubicu!um,m<strong>in</strong>or<strong>per</strong>fbramenorbicuii uniuscubiculum<strong>in</strong>gre-<br />

diatur, quola^^o didicanalisorihcio extra cubiculum exiftenti quicunque fiores odori <strong>in</strong>«<br />

lbergantur,(icriante ventoiidem <strong>in</strong>cubiculo (jpirabunt odores, quos extracubiculumpofici<br />

nores fundunt.<br />

J P P E /\/ D r X.<br />

Ohfervationes nomulU circa njentos 'vehementiores eortimqHe<br />

mirabiles effeBns.<br />

OBfervatioprima. InlittoreCoro»»4M^f/«lat. boreal. grad. 162, \ntex CaUcout ^MafilMtjpan<br />

ex quadam regione ab octava hora matut<strong>in</strong>a usque ad quartam vef<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>am venti<br />

tamcaliditScce(tuo(iacfoetidi(pirarefolent,ut<strong>in</strong>colse absque (pecialibus rehigeriismanerevixqueant.<br />

Llnde(<strong>in</strong>gulisdiebusquisquecxiisvasaliquod aqux, quam ad potumadhibere(biet,<br />

aut quocunquealioconiLieto bibulohumore plenum adpalum, arboremvel<br />

murum(blaribusradiisacip(ismet(a;vientibus ventis oppoiicum appendere 6c exponere foletusqueadquartamhoramve(<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>am;<br />

quofit,utaquailla potatoria plurimum lic refrigcrataobt<strong>in</strong>eatur,ut<strong>in</strong>nulloalio(bbterraneoloco,velu:icellamelius<br />

refrigerari pofTe <strong>in</strong>di-<br />

cetur. Aihf AnglkMaAfenf.Alartii 1666..<br />

Oblervatio (ecunda. Adurbem DalmatixZf/;»; dicl:am,utmcmor3t Valvafbr <strong>in</strong> Topog.Carniol.lib.2.<br />

cap.ii. tamvalidi&vehementesfub<strong>in</strong>de(xviuntventi<strong>per</strong>hyemem,ut nemo<br />

lecure illis flantibus domo egredi pofTit. Imb tam alte rtuftus prop<strong>in</strong>qui maris <strong>in</strong> aerem<br />

clevantur-,utultraSabba:turrim ibidem collidantur.<br />

Obfervatio tertia. InAlbribustlanteauftrbpueriplurimum Jegrotare folent; corporis<br />

enimmeatusa<strong>per</strong>it,laxat,&humoresliquat; artihcesetiam , quicirca plumbum


I20<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

illosconcipicndos&<strong>in</strong>cludendos, eosque<strong>in</strong> diverla urbislocaad seftivum calorem tem<strong>per</strong>andu<strong>in</strong>deducerefolent.<br />

Hybcrnisveromenfibus vent<strong>in</strong>onefflant,fedeconrraaer exte<strong>in</strong>us<strong>in</strong>trotrahitur;<br />

undefileviaaiiqua corporafciiTurisillis apponantur,moxattrahuntiir,&<br />

<strong>in</strong>tro rapiuntur.<br />

Stupendam etiam hiftoriam refert Sigebertus ad annum logi. de campanario quodam<br />

vehementi ventoalocofuoavulfo&; <strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>ato, ita ut <strong>in</strong> agre hccreret , & ru<strong>in</strong>am cont<strong>in</strong>uo<br />

miraierur,div<strong>in</strong>aquevirtutepoftdiesfex refefto, &c campanis ibidem dependentibus fpon-<br />

tefonantibus. Annoitemi^g^.<strong>in</strong> leftoSanfti Laurentii fub crepufculum vef<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>um venti<br />

honidicumigneatempeftatea tradluRheniSu<strong>per</strong>ioreexorti<strong>per</strong> Franconiam, Sueviam , ic<br />

aiiasProv<strong>in</strong>cias, usque<strong>in</strong>Bohemiam validillime defevierunt, <strong>in</strong>numeraque damna <strong>in</strong>tulc*<br />

rwnt; dehisventisiormatiexftant (equentesverfus:<br />

InfanCtofefto teflls LaVrentlVs ejio,<br />

DVra Nt teUpeJiaSj & Nentos aV^erat ajfas.<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Connubia felicitatem promovenr.<br />

-w -rRbit ofes efe exiftimo focios, fidem-, benevolentiam ^ Athenienfis Orator enuntiavic. Ncc<br />

Vemcfth. 1<br />

LbiudicPhilofophus : Ut qnisqHe maxime poteftate excellih itt maxime amicis <strong>in</strong>diget, Mui'<br />

r tuis auxiliis conftant omnia: Si quis opem mutuam e medio tollerec toUerec univerfum.<br />

,<br />

'^'fl' -^'Incommunevivicur. Necpoteftquisquambeatevivercquifibicancumvivic. Akerivivas<br />

thc.ci,<br />

Q ortgt^ auccumaltcro, fi vistibi vivere. Hkc fociecas felicitatis v<strong>in</strong>culum eft , qua: nos<br />

•^<br />

aliis


Philofophico-Polirica. I2I<br />

aliis mifcer, a quibus felices fiei i pofllimus. Cum enim <strong>in</strong>ter nos cognationem aliquam ipla<br />

naturaconrtitucric, adcoqueprxiidiiciulahom<strong>in</strong>es cu:xihom<strong>in</strong>ibuslbciccatcmiiiicr<strong>in</strong>t:foe-<br />

dusillud apr<strong>in</strong>cipioortushumaniconditum, jugi eft ruccclTione confcrvandum. .Llbivcro<br />

vel maximd focietas &: tides, benevolentia Sc amicitia re<strong>per</strong>itur ; quam ubi nridillimum Conjugiiv<strong>in</strong>culum<br />

<strong>in</strong>ter fejunttos <strong>per</strong> terrarum Ipatia animos mutuam fundat tamiliaritatem?<br />

Matrimonii nodo qualiGordiomanusmanuijungitur, ut mutuisauxiliisprolecunda & adverfalbrtunafibifuppetiasferant,<br />

<strong>in</strong>aeftate feliciorisftatus<strong>in</strong>dillolubiles, nec <strong>in</strong>calamitofe<br />

fonis hveme recedant. Magnes animorum Conjugium eft,quo dum <strong>in</strong> vitx Ibcietatem con-<br />

Ibrs trahitur , etiam tertiusln familiaritatem affumatur. Auftriacam Domum potcntillim3m,nunc<strong>per</strong>orbemuniverlumliorentiiIimam,SagoTogaque<br />

gloriofam conlpice. Annonhodicnum<br />

verilIimum,quod Maximilianol. ex Auftriaco Archiducelmpcratori Roma- Hortoif,^<br />

norumelogialiscalamusadlcTiplit : Rigia fiHmmaquoloagtifs difiwnm ^eoexcu) ruKtlntiMS , ampli- P-ilL^vict-<br />

jicMi oauarHmveluti majefiate ex m<strong>in</strong>orum fiMviorHm trihutis. Nempe brachia fua <strong>in</strong> amplexum ""' •^* J.<br />

conjugalemexterarum Gcntiumextendit,alienaflum<strong>in</strong>aIftro,lejundas prov<strong>in</strong>cias Aultrice<br />

junxit hxc Domus Auguftillima : quo prop<strong>in</strong>quitatis ncxu fumma orbis Capita <strong>in</strong> fiedus traxit,anim6squearmaquefociavit,<br />

utditFufusAuftriacceglorixodororbemimplcvcnt ,<br />

Sc matrimoniitxcunditacenom<strong>in</strong>isfui<br />

partum quaquaverfum promovent. Omnium ventoruni<br />

facileprimusAuftcrid l3udismeretur-,quod, quiacalidus «Schumiduseft, arva (S:areoIasfcB-<br />

cundet, ftoresprotrudat, hortenfesthalamosodoriprogenie fcrciles redd:it, Auftriacit arborisgenealogiamlege.<br />

L<strong>in</strong>eareftaortumfuumtrahitaPharamundo I.Francorum<strong>in</strong>Ger-<br />

<strong>in</strong>ania Rege, usque ad Sigcbertum Auftrafix, Allatix, alianimque Prov<strong>in</strong>ciarum Regem;ex his<br />

SigebertusI.Habspurgi"Comes <strong>per</strong> novendecim (ujccedentium generationum gradus Rudolphuml.<br />

Romuiorumlm<strong>per</strong>atorem<strong>in</strong>lucemaulpicatiliimamedidir. Ab hoc gloriolillimo<br />

Auftriacce Infulx Fundatore <strong>per</strong> genealogicam^arborem <strong>in</strong> hodiernum AuguftilTimum<br />

Cxfarem ea Prov<strong>in</strong>ciarum terrarumque vaftitas hanedicario (imul ac Martiali jure tranlivit, uc<br />

proiIIarumconrervationehaudexiguumemolumentumHymena'uscontu!erit,potenti(TimorumRegum,<br />

Pr<strong>in</strong>cipiimquethalamos Auftrix amori copulando. Pergc O Auguftislima<br />

Domuseo,quo<strong>per</strong>pIuralecuIacont<strong>in</strong>uafti,germ<strong>in</strong>eHoreic, acut fxcundo Auftro arborem<br />

tuam propagares, habes novellos tlores <strong>in</strong> Caefareo tuo Horto, futurorum connubiorum germ<strong>in</strong>a:<br />

Tnfdix AufirianHbe,<br />

QU^STIO VI.<br />

Dc pgnisprognoflicis 'ventorum^ eorimqHe natnra ad<br />

rerum eie&iones.<br />

PRim6obrer\'atumeft, quodventos vehementes foleat prxcedere tremulusquidam foliorum,imo&arborummotusacobAtmosphxrxcommotionem<br />

aut vaporum diftraftionem<br />

ftellarumfc<strong>in</strong>tillatio major, vel Halo Lunam coronans.<br />

Secund6. PluvialaliaiSramara<strong>in</strong>diciumimm<strong>in</strong>entis vento(xtempeftatiseft,cum<br />

Salfedo &: amaritudo fpiricuum Sulphureorum, & exhalationum m<strong>in</strong>eralium,ex quibus venti<br />

cxcit3ntur,notislimafigna (<strong>in</strong>t.<br />

Tcrtio. Crebriores corufcationes xftate ventorum prxfagia fl<strong>in</strong>t, oppofitum ver6 efHciunt<br />

hyeme & Autumno, dum eos ad quietem componunt.<br />

Quarto, Flocciaquis<strong>in</strong>natantes, fragrantiaherbarum & florum folito major, aranearum<br />

tela pcr aiirem volantia ttatus prxlagiunt ; fimiliter & anleies multum vocilbantes,(Jc vo -<br />

lantes;FuIicx fecrcbriijsaquximmergentes, &pennasexcutientes •,PoIypusfaxisadhxrens;<br />

Ech<strong>in</strong>us feabfcondens ; major apum rcditus ad alvearia aut latitatio fub arboribus, uti & volucresexjugismontium<br />

<strong>in</strong> valles turmatim devolantes.<br />

Qu<strong>in</strong>to, Herba Chitung, vel Cliifung Infulx S<strong>in</strong>enfisy^W»; <strong>in</strong> quot nodos pcr anni dccurfum<br />

cxcrefcit, tot procellas 6c turb<strong>in</strong>es eo anno exorituros <strong>in</strong>colx illius loci conjiciunf Sed huic<br />

reiparumtideitribuitP, Kircherus <strong>in</strong> Ch<strong>in</strong>ailluft.<br />

Sexto repent<strong>in</strong>amaristranquillitas&xqualisfimaplanities , quafiglaciespolitaifignum<br />

nautis eft imm<strong>in</strong>encis tempeftatis, 6c tunc vel maxim^, ciim atra nubccula <strong>in</strong> cctlo alioqu<strong>in</strong> feleno,<br />

qux 01:«/«^ /w/<strong>in</strong>om<strong>in</strong>ariconfuevit,apparet. Simileomen capiunt , cum pacifico<br />

aere (ubito mare <strong>in</strong> (~pumam,crterve(cit. l<strong>in</strong>de Cardanus de varict. maris <strong>in</strong>quit, fonitus & flu-<br />

ftuSi(Sc mugitUS /i c.vemis proMontoriorum-,& littoris refonantia ventos iiidicayit^&c pcrlxpc tempeftates.<br />

Paiitcr cometcs flammeus <strong>in</strong> mari quandoquc apparens Iblitus vcntorum & procellarum<br />

prxnuntiuseirelblcf, Signaquoquc(<strong>in</strong>i(tra(Sc om<strong>in</strong>ofafuntimpcndcntisproccllx , fioltrcx<br />

navibus,aliisquercbusadhxrclcunc : fiCancriferecondanC) aUtlapillis gravitent ; fi ccclo<br />

Q_,<br />

claro


122 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

clai-omajorespircesreexmariattollanf,riDelph<strong>in</strong>es<strong>in</strong>marisru<strong>per</strong>ficie ludant, vel navigiaaliquot<br />

horarum vcl dierum (patio comitentur: fi turba albarum avium mar<strong>in</strong>arum compareat.<br />

Septimo. Solisortus nigro tedtus velam<strong>in</strong>e pluvias «Sc ventos portendit. Nigredo<br />

enira condenditionem vaporum, opportunam ventorum materiam denotat. Pariter fi ita Sol<br />

oriens<strong>in</strong>volvaturnubibus, ut radii <strong>in</strong>fra <strong>in</strong>dar barbJE prom<strong>in</strong>eant vel fi reconditi & pcr obfcuram<br />

nubem rubei transpareant ; vel ad meridiem halone c<strong>in</strong>dlus videatur, llnde bend<br />

Mantuanus vates cec<strong>in</strong>it:<br />

Sol quoque c^ exoriens, c^ chnfe condet <strong>in</strong> altum,<br />

Signadabit: Soletn certijjimapgnafequentur.<br />

Ille ubi nafcentem maculis variaverit ortum;<br />

Conditus m nubem ,<br />

medibqne refugerit orbe,<br />

Sufpe6iitibifmtimbres: namque urgetab alto<br />

ylrboribusquejatisque Notus Jtecoriquef<strong>in</strong>ijier.<br />

Et poft paucos verfus,<br />

- - - Sapevidemus<br />

Ipfuis <strong>in</strong> vidtu varios errare colores,<br />

06tav6. Ex Lunx quoque diverfa apparitione ventorum prognoftica dcfumi pofTunt,<br />

vitfiobferveturcumpluribuscirca fecircuHs<strong>in</strong>terruptis, utalibiannotavimus, vel fi<strong>in</strong>pleniluniodivsrficoloriscoronisc<strong>in</strong>gatur.<br />

Rubedoetiam<strong>in</strong>eaapparens, uti & <strong>in</strong> aliis fideribus<br />

flatus denotat. H<strong>in</strong>c verfus ille decantatus<br />

Pallida Uma phiit y<br />

rubicunda faf, alba ferenat.<br />

Aliihanc Regulam univerfalem ftatuunt : ventus, <strong>in</strong>quiunt, qui Ipirat itl noviiunio,<br />

<strong>per</strong>feveretusqueaddiem18.cont<strong>in</strong>uabitusquead27.fi verolpiret alius ventus <strong>in</strong>termedius,<br />

alternis vicibus (pirabunt ; plures tamen , qui tertio die,<br />

Nono. Curiofum eft, &obfervatione dignum, quod ex<strong>per</strong>ientia tefte <strong>in</strong> pifce orbe<br />

feu phyfa difto deprehentum eft. TotushicrOtundus,totusquecapitohanc a naturavirtutemobt<strong>in</strong>uit,utexenteracus,&ficcatus,<br />

tcmentoquc oppletus, fifiloalligetur, autvitrofu-<br />

fpenfo <strong>in</strong>cludatur, libereque <strong>in</strong> aere pendeat , fem<strong>per</strong> ad eam Horizontis partem roftrum tantjuamventorum<strong>in</strong>dicemconvertat,<br />

a qua fiatus exoritur. Unde Gefnerus eum vernacula<br />

l<strong>in</strong>guanom<strong>in</strong>at: i£ui Giect?


Philofophico-Politica.<br />

Sentimo Ventorum obfervatio multum conducit ad pvxlium tam terreftre qudm na-<br />

,<br />

vale<strong>in</strong>i&m , dum eorum nempe flatus <strong>in</strong> iioftiles acies fumum, ac pulyeres defcr<br />

Itfhofum (ubSdio Theodofms Auguftus cum parvamanu Gothosdevicit, cujus mem.mt<br />

Claudianus :<br />

nimium diMe DEO ,<br />

ciii militat £ther,<br />

Et conjiirati vemmt ad clajjica venti.<br />

Ita etiam Joannes Auftriacus ad Naupaftum anno 1^22. <strong>in</strong>gentem viaoriam de fornudabiliTurcarum<br />

ctalTe reportavit ; triremes enim ac alia navig.a occupata numerabantur 1^0.<br />

reC^ v^^° "^ves omnes vel Ibbmerfx, vel <strong>in</strong>cendio <strong>per</strong>ierunt.<br />

C^J^^^/^XsSm<br />

adversus Ang osM^<br />

Lnti damno ex<strong>per</strong>tus Philippus Hifpaniarum Rex , dum anno '^88.<br />

?enco depugnavit cum clafle centum & qu<strong>in</strong>quag<strong>in</strong>ta navmm. Et h*c de DiiTertatione ventorum<br />

dicta fufticiant.<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Sufurrones non facile fufcipiendi.<br />

UTaquilamerusoculus eft,etiam<strong>in</strong> Solcm <strong>in</strong>tentus : Sic Politicus non auris, (ed oculus<br />

lit. Videat, non audiat tantiim. UcnlosfidtUs Lyricus; contra <strong>in</strong>fideUs anres Hi- "«''^t.dt<br />

ftoricorumprimusappellat. Menciunturaures fepd, quia mendaciis a<strong>per</strong>iuntur : at "'"•<br />

fallerevillisncfcit, quem non paflio excoecat. Magfs veriras ocHUttafide , cjuum <strong>per</strong> anres a»i- ^"""dat.<br />

mis homiiHm <strong>in</strong>figitur , acrior enim efi ocHloTMm', cfuAm aHr<strong>in</strong>m fe»jHs. Dieiibboles oculus eft,<br />

123<br />

'" ^''^»<br />

«aurisetiamaotlufentic, decipipotelt. H<strong>in</strong>c<strong>in</strong>telligeillamComicihieroglyphicampro. ^"'•fp.t»<br />

Q^ 2 imii


124 Metcorologia<br />

^" " fa<strong>in</strong> : OctdatAno^rafunt manustcredmt-, qmdvident. Vifus <strong>per</strong> fe> auditus <strong>per</strong> accidensconj<strong>in</strong>^cen.3.<br />

jjy^^jj-^ ^ ^^ ^jjq habet, undevivat. Optime itaque re^es,Jiomniadeso<strong>per</strong>am<strong>per</strong>Jpicere,nec(]uid(juam<br />

' ' *Jco!igere-, Agapetusjuft<strong>in</strong>ianofcripfitlm<strong>per</strong>atori : Etenim hom<strong>in</strong>es fe mutHo accujant : alicjHicom.<br />

Stobjer. poJ:tofal/is crimimbus : alii vero <strong>in</strong>cufantes. Contra aliilaudant , alicjuiut res eji , tejlantes , nonnuUiverita-<br />

4^4-, te negldhi grutificantes. Stobaeus. Vulcaniam adi, didudis tbllium faucibus erudant venti<br />

mera funt<br />

ignemlutHant, rc<strong>in</strong>tillasdif<strong>per</strong>guntjadcudendatulm<strong>in</strong>aCyclopibus delcrviunt :<br />

armoium acbellorum<strong>in</strong>ftrumenta,quibusferrea tempora,rcgnorum exitia, bonorumexilia<br />

, <strong>in</strong>colarum ru<strong>in</strong>a, animorum dillidia excitantur. Sufurronum , Delatorumque cenus<br />

eneca<br />

V' '•<br />

tamterreihom<strong>in</strong>es funt. Ventoscientivelutcrabronesauribusobftrepunt ; atdetalifor-<br />

teliom<strong>in</strong>uraSenecamaudi: PeJJimumgenushom<strong>in</strong>um-,videbantur verba gejiare , & funt^ qmvitia<br />

gejiant. Horum /ermo multum nocet. Nam etiamji flatimnonojjicit-,fem<strong>in</strong>a<strong>in</strong> animoreUnqu(t-,fequi.<br />

turquenos ttiam-,cumab illis difceJferimus-,refurre^urumpoFlea malum. Heu! quamcrudelitercre-<br />

dulxnimiumaureshifcefufurrisfuntaccenfa:, ut<strong>in</strong> fangu<strong>in</strong>arias flammas emerfer<strong>in</strong>t.<br />

lura accipe Hadrianum Cx(arem,qui a<strong>per</strong>tas tacile fuggeftionum flabellis aures <strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>ans , Tatianum<br />

Nepotem, Scpticium, Ciarum, aliosque prxcipitato confilio hoftiumlocohabitos<br />

Jj.pn.


Philofophico-Politica. 125<br />

M, ccncittfuttteue , & Uniem fertraBatlone aUcjMa ufiijMe mujico tfeAt. Id paulo prolixlus Ora- Oc.frAg'<br />

torLat<strong>in</strong>us diduxic : Ut wfidthis ac tibiis & cantH ac vocihus ccncentus efl _i]Hiddm tenendus ex di- ment. L.<br />

fi<strong>in</strong>ilis f<strong>in</strong>is t isqite concentm cx diff.tniii\>Ht vtcAns « modtrdtioHe *mitt cottcors e^itur & con^H- yJcRe-<br />

eus : Jic futnmis & <strong>in</strong>fimis & mediis <strong>in</strong>terjeUis srd<strong>in</strong>ibus^utfonis , mederAtk ratJone civitas confenfu dif.<br />

ftmilimerum confifiit j


126 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

^.^^. V^,(~*S.'


Philofophico-Politica. 127<br />

prefla <strong>in</strong> terras decidunt. llnde dum validus fpirat ventus pluvias non timemus ; cum autem<br />

cefTat ventus , mox pluere folet. Analogia etiam efl a pulveie jactato <strong>in</strong> aiirem , diiique ibidemobventorum<br />

natus hxrentem. CWterumunicapxnecauiafufpenlionis e(t, quodnubiumlevitasmajorlit,quamaerismedixregionis<br />

, obhancenim rationemnnumcorpusftac<br />

naturaliter, hoceft, nulli vi extcrna detentumfupra, aut <strong>in</strong>tia aliud corpus, unde lignum<br />

fu<strong>per</strong>natataqux , faxum vero demcrgitur , quia nempe Ijgnum levius eft, (axum gravius<br />

quamaqua: H<strong>in</strong>cquantolevior eftnubes, edaltiiis afcendit, ut fit fupracorpus gravius fe,<br />

licut econtra, quo gravior eft, eo magis defcendit , ut fit <strong>in</strong>tra corpus fe levius , 6c fi ita<br />

condenlkur , utfitgravior, quamacretiam<strong>in</strong>fimxregionis, confcftimtotalubfidet<strong>in</strong>tcr-<br />

ram.<br />

Colliges h<strong>in</strong>c, fabulofijm efte, quod affirmat Antonius Berga 6c Scaliger Exerc. 79.<br />

nubes fulpendi aSoIeviquadam magneticii, quia(icno6te,quando nubesfuntlijpra,Sol <strong>in</strong>-<br />

ira Horizontem , nec amplius illum<strong>in</strong>antur a Sole, univerfx ruerent <strong>in</strong> terram.<br />

Conclufioquarta. Figuranubiumnoneftplana,necrorunda, acterrxconcentrica, fed<br />

irrcgularis,&<strong>in</strong>conftans,varia,dispar,<br />

oriunturque ex varia lucis udmixtione cum quadam opacitate iSc <strong>per</strong>(picuitate;undealiquando<br />

rubrx, aliquandocandidx, 6c aliquandonigrx apparcnt, nam cum valde denlx (unt , atque<br />

adeo parum <strong>per</strong>fpicux , exiguum <strong>in</strong>tra fe lumen (Lifcipiunt, ideoqucvidenturnigrx;<br />

quandoverofuntrai-x, parumhabentopacitatis,ide6queplurimumlumenfu(cipiunt,


128<br />

Mcteorologia<br />

Mane riibens cahm ventnros <strong>in</strong>dicat imbres ;<br />

Sero riibens cwlum, cras <strong>in</strong>dicat ejfeferenum.<br />

Quxresteitio: Nubiumcolorniger, uti& albus quid fignificent 1 Refpondeo quoad<br />

primampaitem ; fi Sol oriens nigrelcat, ccquc pluvias ac ventos portendit, nubium enim<br />

nii^ricans color vaporum conftipationem & confequenter idoneam ventis & pluvix matcriam<br />

notat- & ventos quidem,fi nubium exardo <strong>in</strong> latum diflipatio fiat; pluviam fiSoiis vi c.n um<br />

<strong>in</strong>aqueas partes fiatdiHblutio. Qiiod att<strong>in</strong>etad fecundam partem, dico ; albas nubesa-Itivo<br />

tempore orand<strong>in</strong>es , hyemali vero tempore ni ves <strong>in</strong>dicare. PrcEcipue vero, ciam albx nubes<br />

vef<strong>per</strong>i propeHorizontemapparent,ptrduosf>Epedies,auttres cont<strong>in</strong>uos hyemali tempore<br />

frioorisautnivis<strong>in</strong>diciumpra-bent. Quoetiammagiseodemtemporealbicant, & aer<strong>in</strong>fu<strong>per</strong>poftapparentiamillarumeritcalidiufcu!us,eocertius<br />

nivcs<strong>in</strong>dicabit.<br />

Quoadreliquasaffedionesnubiumobfervaprimo, Nubescrafliores quocunque anni<br />

temporeadHorizontempropedependent, aut montium jugis <strong>in</strong>cumbunt pluviasjportendunt<br />

; fccundo, fi pluviofa nubecula fu<strong>per</strong> montes exoritur, p.aulatimqueaccrelcerevidetur,<br />

<strong>in</strong>gentistempeftatiscertumfignumanautiscom<strong>per</strong>tumeft. Tertio altiftimxnubes <strong>in</strong><br />

nivem potius, quam <strong>in</strong> pluviamconcrefcunt; undelcepe cLim<strong>in</strong>fubjedisvallibuspluit, eodem<br />

tcmpore <strong>in</strong> prtEcelfis montium jugis n<strong>in</strong>git. Quarto nubes profunds colore viridi <strong>in</strong><br />

atrum vergente ciim fulphure & terreis exhaTationibusf<strong>in</strong>tadmodumfo3Ca;;,qu£Eidcircoetiimitacile<strong>in</strong>flammantur^&faaa<strong>in</strong>cenfione&<strong>in</strong>flammatione<br />

congeneres particulas lapideas<br />

•citocongregant, plerumque<strong>in</strong>tempeftatibusgravesm<strong>in</strong>anturiaus&<strong>per</strong>cusfiones.<br />

Colliges, variaetiamquandoqueoftenta&fpedtraapparere <strong>in</strong> nubibus ex fpeciali DEI<br />

ord<strong>in</strong>ationeadfuturoseventus<strong>in</strong>dicandos. Ita anno 1^56. dief. Februarii <strong>in</strong> quodam Hi-<br />

Ipaniaoppido, coeloaquofb &:nubilovifi funt duo adolefcentes armati gladiiscongreificn-<br />

res, quorum unushabebat <strong>in</strong> Ijeva parmam Aquila <strong>in</strong>fignicam cum <strong>in</strong>fcnptione: Reg».ibo',<br />

alter lcutum<strong>per</strong>longumcum<strong>in</strong>fcriptione: Regnavi. Veri^im cum Monomachiam <strong>in</strong>Uicuil-<br />

fent, Aquilamhabcnsproftratohofleviaordemumevafit. Aldrovand. 1. 2. Ornith. cap.2.<br />

Pluraalia^edh-aaereaexdiaisconftant^&paffimabauthoribusannotantur,<br />

Vlndidla:<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Malefaftoribus benefaciendum.<br />

genus aptiflimum tibidifto, Politice, quoituus erubefcere difcat <strong>in</strong>imicus :<br />

opprime eum , nulLim aliam caufitm , c^uam<br />

gjtibd contumtUas nullk crudelitate exec^ucbantur. Quid congruentius, quam Lauro olcam jufigere?<br />

illacapuc, Iijec manum exornat. Speciofius alicjuando <strong>in</strong>jurias v<strong>in</strong>ce beneficiis-, cjuxm mu-<br />

mi.<br />

'


Philolophico-Politica. 139<br />

tui oduferttnaciA fenfkri. Val. Max. Philippus Macedo <strong>in</strong> hoc vel maximd Rex fuit , quod<br />

omnes ferd conviciatores fijos beneficentii tecerit amicos, verc patcrno <strong>in</strong>filiumAlexandruraargumento,quiidproverbiilocodidicit:<br />

Regium e(l-, mde andire , &be»efacere. Speculum<br />

fit tibi Auitria, quae dum Clemencillimaaudit , plures fibi plagas lacerto mitericordix,<br />

quambrachiojuftsEanimadverlionistecit vedigales. Gentilitium ejus umbonemvide; ruboremcandore,la6tefangu<strong>in</strong>emvides<br />

maritutum, ieveritatem vidcs amori jundtum ; at ita,<br />

utf<strong>in</strong>u,&mediofcutic<strong>in</strong>gulo, lacgerat ac candorem ; propiiis ei cordi Clementia, quam<br />

jufticia.<br />

COnclufioprima.<br />

QUyESTIO U.<br />

De Nehiilis,<br />

Nebula^nubedefcendenseftaridiorpars nubis<strong>in</strong>cubansteiris, noQ<br />

enimtotanubesfolvitur<strong>in</strong>pluviam, fed pars ejus aridior <strong>in</strong> nebulam vertitur, ade6,<br />

utnebula (quemadmodum Ariftoceles def<strong>in</strong>it) fit quoddam veluti nubis excrementum,3c<br />

ejus decidentia.Sicut enim <strong>in</strong> rcrum viventium nutricatione, quxdam alimenti<br />

partes<strong>in</strong>ipfamreialitsefubftantiamtaceflxmt, alix <strong>in</strong>utUes 5c excrementitix funt ; ita & <strong>in</strong><br />

nubc qua;dam partes <strong>in</strong> aquam mucancur , alix ad aquam gignendam m<strong>in</strong>us idonex , tanquam<br />

nubisexcremencapoftpluviamremanent.lIndebendoblervacPacer Maurus, quod halicus ^<br />

calorefolari elevatusconftettripliciparte; primapars confiftit <strong>in</strong>partibus fpiritofis ac ficcis,tubentibusnacuramigneam<br />

; fecunda<strong>in</strong> vaporibus humidis oc aqueis; tertia <strong>in</strong> exhalationibuscrallToribus,<br />

acparticipantibusnacuramcerream, iftje tres parces licct<strong>in</strong>itio fimui<br />

afcendant > tamen quia <strong>in</strong>xqualem habent levitatcm ac virtutem alcendendi , <strong>in</strong> progrcflli fe-<br />

R gre-


130<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

gregantur ; &:rumo(itatesquidemigneaE, utpoteleviores,evolant, 3cafcenduntetiamusquc<br />

adtertiamregioncmac;vis,atqueadSphxramtgnis; exhalationes terrex, utpote gravioreSi<br />

dercendL<strong>in</strong>r usque ad <strong>in</strong>fimam regionem aeris, ac remanent i a locis humilioribus ac terrce prop<strong>in</strong>quioribuSjibiqueconcrelcunt<strong>in</strong>nebLilas&calig<strong>in</strong>cs;<br />

vaporeshumidiutpote medii <strong>in</strong> le-<br />

vitaccfiftunt<strong>in</strong> fecundaregioneacibi concrefcunt <strong>in</strong> nubes. Et ex hujusmodi nebulis fa-<br />

£ta;(ijntl<strong>in</strong>edubio/Egyptiacxillaetenebrx,quxpoterantpalpari; 6c propter nebulx denfitatem<br />

motumlocalemimpediebant. Atquehxcprimanebulaefpeciesell; , quse defcenditS<br />

nubibus. Ex his fubfequens dubium re(blves<br />

Cur hxcnebula&caligof<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>lxcundx aquarum 6c non relblvantur <strong>in</strong> pluvlam , quia<br />

nempe conftat exhalationibusterreis&: tieculentis, atque ideo nonrelblubilibus<strong>in</strong> aquam;<br />

de<strong>in</strong>deeciamrationeloci; nubesenim, cLimf<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>loco frigido


Philofophico-Politica, 131<br />

Conclufio quarta. Nebuls afcendentes<strong>in</strong>genitoternE calorepotiiis,quamradiisfolaribus<br />

excicaiuur. Maneequidem, vel vef<strong>per</strong>i fxpius ; raro fole fervido terram obducunt,<br />

fubitoetiamtotumhoiizoatem complent, atque cx certis locis erumpunt, qux omnia nora<br />

cadunt <strong>in</strong> vaporcs a Sole actractos. Ex diftis<br />

Colligesprimo: cx humidioribus &: humilioribus terrse locis , ex paluftribus Sc flum<strong>in</strong>ibus<br />

trequentius & majori copia elcvar<strong>in</strong>ebulas , quam ex locis aridis, exceUis , ac ventorum<br />

flatibus expolicis.<br />

Colligesfecundo; nebulas dilliparivcISolis<strong>in</strong>illasagentisvirtute , vel ventorum flatu><br />

aut etiam repent<strong>in</strong>x pluvix lapCu.<br />

CoIIigestertio. Dummane tuerunt nebula: , meridiem fieri calidiorem , lic^t enim<br />

illascalorSolis dilculferit, aerem ctiamdiflipatifaciunt denfiorem, calorautem<strong>in</strong> denfiori<br />

materia receptus, magiseftadtivus.<br />

Colliges quarto. Aliquasnebulasprorfusefleaqueas, aliasvifcofas&limum exquaTi-<br />

tatc corporis , ex quo fublimantur, congenitum habere, quae abaquisputrcfcentibusexipi-<br />

rant, ut diitum cft , fsecorem habent , tuflTmque creant , & noxice funt; unde urbes paludibus<br />

aut bcubus adlitx m<strong>in</strong>us falubreshabentur. Huc refi^rri poterit, quodGcrardusde<br />

Veer <strong>in</strong> defcript. fecundcc navigac. Batav. anno ifgy. memorat, dum Icribit, nebulasadeo craf-<br />

(as, acque <strong>in</strong>gentium guttarum cerramillam obfidere , quarum unica eciam ferd communepotorium<br />

vitrum admediecacemimplerevalet: foletetiamnebuloiaillaaqua valdd<strong>in</strong>gralum<br />

farcorem exhalare. Simiiiter Icribit idem, dum 4 S^w/V/co /)or;« folver<strong>in</strong>t , tam crafll<br />

nctulatuiflenavcsobte(5tas,utexunanaviadaIteram,qux primo vixadlapidis jadtumdiftabat,<br />

pvofpicere nequiver<strong>in</strong>t , etiam ob nimiummadorem funes naucicos bene , ucvolebant,<br />

tra(itarcnoiivalucnnt; neetiamipl<strong>in</strong>aves<strong>in</strong>progreiru<strong>in</strong>fe<strong>in</strong>vicem imp<strong>in</strong>gercnt, cont<strong>in</strong>uo<br />

bucc<strong>in</strong>arum , iclopetorum exoneratorum atque tormentorum exploforum Ibnitu , <strong>in</strong>vicem le<br />

moncrc dcbuer<strong>in</strong>t.<br />

Colligesqu<strong>in</strong>to. Nebulofistemporibus miasmapeftiferum facilius transfertur; unde<br />

tunc plures <strong>in</strong>hciuntur, ac<strong>in</strong>cereunt ; ab iisigiturpeftistemporemaximecavendum.<br />

Cclliges (exto. Nebuiofatempora func lerenis calidiora cceteris pavcius , ratio eft,<br />

quia ferena tcmpora funt cxhalacionibus magis ex<strong>per</strong>tia ; nebuloia vero funt plena exhala><br />

tionibus, quaefuocaloreaerem calctaciunt.<br />

CoUigcs feptimo. Nebula; Autumni tempore <strong>in</strong> his regionibus noftris funt frequentiorcs,quodcerra<br />

tunctacilius& uberiiisevaporec. Quxveroverno tempore, poftquamter-<br />

ra diu i?;:lu conftridatuit,ac<strong>in</strong>primis<strong>in</strong>Marcioconc<strong>in</strong>gunt , <strong>in</strong>falubriores cenlentur.<br />

Co!iigcso£lavo. Nebulx, quac immediacepoftpluviam <strong>in</strong>cerdum timoncibus furgunt,<br />

fiuntex iisvaporibus liccis,quospIuvia<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>anerepevtos (uolapfii depreflit, illi vero, quia<br />

ob ficcitatemfuam<strong>in</strong>aquas relblvi non potfunt, rurtus levitate lua <strong>in</strong> tublime contendunt,<br />

locum, undcpulli lianc, repeticuri.<br />

Colligesnono. NcbulascerramfJECundare > quiafunttxculents & cratTae, atque adeo<br />

adficcundandumapta; ; trumentotamen 6c frudibusmaturis, vel prop<strong>in</strong>quismaturicaci noxiac<br />

funt , quiacu<strong>in</strong> nnt tevrex& fatis ficcx, exlijgunt humorem trumenti&tiuduum. Re-<br />

fiert tamcn lofcphus a Cofta lib. ^. c. 2i. ubi aPeruvianis montibus Ari^ua , & Arcqniepa <strong>in</strong><br />

campi plamtiem defcenditur, jamalongetefcconfpedtui orteruntduo colles, quorumunus<br />

altcropauloaltiov, clarior & lucidior comparet, aiter vero pviore demitlior , & oblcuiior.<br />

Solct hic nebula rorida(cum nullxibi decidantpluvix) omnem irrigationis pluvialisdeteftumcompenfare,<br />

fatisquemire conduccre. Etlicdtetiara <strong>in</strong> earegione profluences aqua:<br />

<strong>per</strong> campos deducancur, roscamen


132<br />

Metcorologia<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Ingratitudo vitium commune.<br />

40.<br />

jsr.^ho.<br />

'WaH^artffsJfseph SKajljnzi del.Xihj:y .C.Sf.<br />

c aiblevatus <strong>in</strong>aaisre^ionem, atque ad fublimions domic. u fedcm promotus nebulofuS<br />

vJaporT quam <strong>in</strong>^rams fit , quis non vidct \ Solis admm.culo levatus ohumbrat leyan-<br />

^<br />

tem. AuPufto Ulius oculo velum obducit , ne <strong>in</strong> .nfenora derp.c.a^ E cum velutex<br />

luto, aureo Nronarcharuccoilante,emerIcrit,Promotoreme)CCcecat.<br />

li<br />

Nebulafu.ft.,mgra.<br />

teSab<strong>in</strong>orum RexTati ; Tarpej^E o<strong>per</strong>a Romanum occupaft. Cap.tol.um , levantem ad<br />

umbrasabTegafti, promJtricem luffocafti. Nebula fuift. .ngrate Jafon : Mede^ ope yel.<br />

luTaureum ,^& <strong>in</strong>fignem deM<strong>in</strong>otauro viaori«m reportafti; fqualore & ^rumms opjrcf:<br />

famBenefaaricem leftituifti. Anguis <strong>in</strong> (<strong>in</strong>u eft, qu. benefic.um non agnofcit Lup cauh^f<br />

eftTqui beneficium feaccepifte negat; at omni t.gr.de pejor eft, qu. beneficK> makfi.<br />

crm redcHt. In lngr.titH^^ne nU mdi non <strong>in</strong>eft , enuncav.t C.cero. Ex<strong>per</strong>to crede. Hurwr.<br />

.^lus facundia paulo ante Sc nom<strong>in</strong>is commendationem,


Philofophico-Politica, 133<br />

«fundit. Qy6 magts impletur , magis <strong>in</strong>de, velut Luna pkna , reccdic : pro gratia odium<br />

redditur. Corn. Tac. ubera plena fiunc (copus homicidii , quaiirer <strong>in</strong> Tiienaionica: matris<br />

pectus Antipater detiEviit. Quos luis fumptibus aluit canes Adbeon , carnifices fentit <strong>in</strong> proprium<br />

herum <strong>in</strong>gratos. Argumentum tyrannidisded^reArhcnx<strong>in</strong>Ariftide, Themiftoclc,<br />

&<strong>per</strong>icle: Roma <strong>in</strong> Coriolano , Camillo , &Tullio , igni&; aqua <strong>in</strong>terdidis, a quibus ple-<br />

nis beneficiorum fluentis rigabantur. Ita veriflime queftus Seneca , qui & iple lad:e la-<br />

pientiac Neronem , humanam illa<strong>in</strong> belluam , nutriens , langu<strong>in</strong>cm tudit : Beneficia <strong>in</strong> fc-lHs<br />

verjdfiuit , & jnngHim corHtn non fnrcitwr^ fre quibus Janguis fttndtndw efi, CUdie of venenu ie/ie-<br />

ficiafiijmmitr.<br />

Ne pro<strong>in</strong>de ab <strong>in</strong>gracis excacceris, beneficia ccecus non conferas. Libcralitas ratio-<br />

nalis fit. Laudabiliter erogatur, quod datur dignis. Non nummum oculis exam<strong>in</strong>a, (ed<br />

cui das, <strong>per</strong>fonam. Immerenti qui tribuit , fibi necem emjt , vi<strong>per</strong>am educat. Merccur<br />

nihil, qui immeritosprsBmiisornat. Nam


134<br />

Mctcorologia<br />

guttas maximas Sc Cte


Philorophico-Politica. 13^<br />

carl, SolisardoremaderercribitLira ri<strong>in</strong>io. Fortd quia terra fpongix <strong>in</strong>ftar porofa aUapfbs<br />

imbrcsllaci<strong>in</strong>abtoiltet<strong>in</strong>proti<strong>in</strong>dum, maxime li aquam haberet llibterraneam ; vice verla<br />

vero prolicientc Solis ardore, taciiis <strong>per</strong> eosdem poros vapor alcendit , qui ubi aerem trigidiorcm<br />

(onlciit, <strong>in</strong>humoremabiens terrammaderetacit.<br />

(^i.trci hicprimo: Cur imbres f<strong>in</strong>t trequentiores<strong>in</strong>hyemejquam<strong>in</strong>fcflare; Retpon.<br />

deo : Kationcm elie, quiasttate major eft calor , confequenter pluvi.E debent G(\^e <strong>in</strong>trequen-<br />

tiores, nam pkivix non oriuntur proxim^ ex eo, quia vapores elcvantur furfum, quod eft opus<br />

caloris,ledexco,quiavaporeselevaticonden(ancur> &:cadunrdeorsum, quod eft opus trigoris;<br />

<strong>in</strong>xftaceautemviget&regnatcalor; undevapores elevantur & alcendunt; hyeme<br />

vero, ciim regnet trigus, vaporeselevati gravetcunt , & detcendunt deorfum <strong>in</strong> pluvias. H<strong>in</strong>c<br />

colligitAiiftoteles textu46.1ib. I. Met. dari mirabilem circulationem vaporum atcendentium,<br />

&;delccndentium,qux circulatioimitaturcirculumSolis, qui dummovetur<strong>per</strong>Zodiacum,<br />

modoacceditadnoftrumverticem,dum a Tropico Capricorni progreditur adTropicumCancri^&cauljt<br />

itftatem:modoreceditanoftrovertice,dum a Tropico Cancriregreditur<br />

adTiopicumCapicorni, &:cau(athyemem. Similiter crgoaquiExftateconvertuntur<br />

<strong>in</strong>aquam,&:rcriuuntdeoifum<strong>per</strong>pluvias, nives&c. ideohyemeabundantaqu£eiQterris,ut<br />

pacetexredundantiaflum<strong>in</strong>um, lacuum,fontium


136 Mcteorologia<br />

QuGcres feptimo : Quantum pluvia penetret terram, <strong>in</strong>trorfumque defcendat T Rcfpondeo,<br />

nullampluviameircadeomagnam&<strong>per</strong>ennem, utterram penetret


M<br />

\.2nifici animi munifici funt.<br />

Philofophico-Policica. 157<br />

Clauflentla non eft res familiaris, cum communicatio.<br />

ni nacus lit homo. Non decet pelRilum obducere peiilori , quod univerlis debet patere<br />

Ncc conllric^amanusPoliticumornat,c|uiLongimanuslitoportet. Solomnu<br />

buslucet, Luna<strong>in</strong>numeriscomititalidcribusetiamteras ducitadpabulum : Etpluviamanac<br />

<strong>in</strong>cublicum: Dives Inomncs'. Nobilcs^c ignobiles plantas irrigac , l<strong>in</strong>um gent univerlalcm.<br />

Diem C^lar <strong>per</strong>didic, quo nemimbcnefecit. In votis muniHcentiaeratlheodoncoRegi:<br />

OrL*;r>..oL dicmflc.Hmb.r,cfu-i:sr,oj}ris,xc.rrcre. Nihil adco attrah.t ad benevolentu ^^-<br />

^^' '•<br />

•<br />

am , ut donorum gratia , qux datur <strong>in</strong>digis. Ego, <strong>in</strong>quit Cyrus , O-DHs defervio , cr flura^' t-<br />

(em<strong>per</strong> apfeto '. 1'crum nhi oves comp.travi , r^s nfum mihi Jufjicicntem excedere video his utwrHm<br />

,<br />

'j,Zrix Zedeor , & homi»es dita„do , & bcncjiciis ajfciendo , bemvolemiam ex eis, amorem^<br />

rsc'!/ ^'<br />

hipiro, dequihm & fecuntatis &glori^ fruEhim capio. Non tam tuum vid-en debct quod pol- , ^- y<br />

fides , quam quod dedifti. Non proiunditur , quod liberalicer efflmditur. In tuam redun.P «•<br />

dattamam, quod <strong>in</strong> iublevandam exundat alterius famem. Semen eft glorice , quoaiiena;<br />

luccurris <strong>in</strong>opix. Quidquid <strong>in</strong> Ci^cntium promanat fublidium , m tuum remanat emo umentum<br />

, ut illc , qui cundta ambitOceanus , quasaiggeritaquasterris, recipit u terns : Ita<br />

tibireriuit , quod c manibus effluit, tu^ conlulis tamx, ciim redduo te exoneras ^re. Lu-<br />

cnris gloriam , ciim das pccuniam revcrluram. Fit limpidior , cum haunrur aqua : Iibe.<br />

ralitaterplendefcit dantis claricudo. mi^rite exme, tanqHam ex /V;7«, glonoio hoc eftato pn-^- •<br />

micias regni fubiit Velpafianus Imp. Qnx , quxfo , oratio potiuflet m animos , aui-^sq^e ^f<br />

<strong>in</strong>Huere blandius , aut cor &venas <strong>in</strong>igare benignius ? Nilum , fpem annonce , ac prodro- *<br />

mum , imo parentcm ubertatis relpiciunt iEgyptii. Fac , oculi omnium u te relpiciant,<br />

fontem liberalitatis. Nilus ^gvpciorum crelum eft : liberaliter erogando ipli Num<strong>in</strong>i ap.<br />

prop<strong>in</strong>quas : nihil enim tam Divmum eft hom<strong>in</strong>i, quam dc alus bene meren, non tam elt<br />

proprium (ublimi animo divitias pollidere , quam elargiri. Opes polTidet , ut opem terat.<br />

arrarium veaigalibus affluit , ut ari alieno fuccurrac: «Sc quod accepit , redclat. Non prodeftlbmentem<br />

domi claudere ; Ipargatur<strong>in</strong> terram, quam pluvui irngec. Infaftigio tetor.<br />

tuna locavic \ montes <strong>in</strong>teriores la-cundantvalles, reddendo, quas(ufcipiuntaqu«s : tuiii<br />

j^.^ j^^^^<br />

aureos imbres cum Augufto eftundaris. Illud ( dicebat ) amplitHd<strong>in</strong>is me^ fit te\UmomHm ,o.<br />

mne, heneftcem^ promereri. Otiolus <strong>in</strong> arca turgec Ganges aureus , <strong>in</strong> nvulos debet exunda-<br />

re , Servorum eft ad metalla damnari : tibi ip(i <strong>in</strong>lamis es , fi tenax es aun. Uixilic te-<br />

runt Maximilianum I. Auftriacum : (^jarUatem mn exfpetlare preces hom<strong>in</strong>is egentis , fed t,bi<br />

ntcelfitatem vidit , a»te preces opitHlatnr , & aHxiliHm fert. Ab avita hac gloria Ip<strong>in</strong>tum haiu ^^^^^ ^^<br />

fitFerd<strong>in</strong>andus II. idem Auftriacus Imp. Hx emm InRomamfoUo fedit , beneficentiA laude Eidem ^^^.^<br />

comparandHS , lepide ali^H^ndo jocaius '. gratiffimHmfhifore dlxit , fi mvam auri fod<strong>in</strong>am {»,) mterrts ^^^.^_^^<br />

VEUS aptTHiffet , mn utfihi opes aggregaret , fed m aliis , itHm feterent , daret.<br />

Conciudo<br />

QU^STIO IV.<br />

'De Nubifragio*<br />

prima. Si nubes non fenlim & <strong>per</strong> guttas refolvatur , fed repent<strong>in</strong>o imbre<br />

deflu.it, nubifragium dicicur , quo <strong>in</strong>cegras repcnce urbes occupacas, hom<strong>in</strong>es,<br />

jumenta,dom6sque"merfos efle , qucevis atas vidit. Fitverohoc, non quodnubes<br />

vertici moncis impada rumpacur, & aquam f<strong>in</strong>u contentam limul etfundac , nullxquippe<br />

tales<strong>in</strong> nubibus aqux ; fed (i lepcnt<strong>in</strong>um nubibus frigus <strong>in</strong>gruat , quod easfimul<strong>in</strong> aquam<br />

condcnfct. MemorantHiftorici , <strong>in</strong>RcgioneMexicana tanto impetu ruere imbres , uc la.<br />

pfuhom<strong>in</strong>es<strong>in</strong>terficiant. Ex tali nubitragiom<strong>in</strong>imeheripoterat diluvium Noeticum,ci<strong>in</strong>i<br />

ncc<strong>in</strong> mari , raceo <strong>in</strong> acre,tantiim (it aquarum , ut pofl<strong>in</strong>t tegere etiam fu<strong>in</strong>mos montes;<br />

tancum enim fuit diluvium , ut S. Scripturx teftimonio aquaad qu<strong>in</strong>dcnos cubitos cacum<strong>in</strong>amontiumcxcefferit.<br />

Nubifragium tamentalecontigit apudFIandros<strong>in</strong>Belgioan.Chr,<br />

1014. dum magna nubium molcs ex improvilb e coelo delapla, <strong>in</strong>gentisilluvionis caufaexllitit<br />

, acmuita millia hom<strong>in</strong>um (ijftbcavit. Similiter anno Dom<strong>in</strong>i 142T, <strong>in</strong> f<strong>in</strong>ibiis Dordra.<br />

ccni, utretertBcyeri<strong>in</strong>ck, taleex difrolutisrepent^ nubibusortum cft fub mcdia<strong>in</strong> nodem,<br />

unde <strong>in</strong>gens Rheni , Mofx , & Vahalis <strong>in</strong>undatio fublecuta , qux 72. pagos <strong>in</strong>vol.<br />

vic , &<br />

<strong>in</strong> iis facile ccncum hom<strong>in</strong>um millia dcmerlit, Ferunt fub idtcmpus maximam<br />

tadaverum congeriem tiu.xu aquarumrcdeuncium adlitcoraZi/landix&flandriseadvedtam,<br />

S (^u<strong>in</strong><br />

"


138<br />

Meteorologm<br />

Qu<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>fantes aliquot Antverpiam appuUi <strong>in</strong> fifcelUs lUis five cunis , ac plei ii^ue iilorum ab<br />

aquis fumpti nomenMoyfes meruerunt , diuque lu<strong>per</strong>vixerunt, ceu reliquise demeilorum<br />

pagorum. Plura fimilia paflim <strong>in</strong> Auchoribus <strong>in</strong>venies.<br />

Conclufio fecunda, Diverfeacprodigiofepluvijealiquandocvenen<strong>in</strong>t^&evenire poC<br />

funt , quaiis eit fangu<strong>in</strong>ea , ladlea , carnea , lanea , ferrea , lateritia , &: fimiles , de quibus<br />

videri poteft Fromondus lib. f. cap. 6. adt. 5. Pluvia fangu<strong>in</strong>ea dicitur , quando aqua de.<br />

cidens rubra efl ; fic RomiE pluit ut teflatur Dio ante ntcem Neronis. Plutarchus etiam<br />

refert , poftCimbricam cladem fangu<strong>in</strong>camde coElopluviamcecidifTe. Similiteranno poft<br />

urbem Romanam conditam 626. <strong>in</strong> oppido Ca:re fangu<strong>in</strong>e pluit. Secutus eventus terribilis,<br />

Ptolomxiis enim Everg«tes ob nimiam tyrannidem regno puifus , cui <strong>in</strong> regnum fbror &<br />

uxor ejusCleopatra, quam priusrepudiarat, fubrogata. Illeex<strong>in</strong>de ira excandefcens,filium,quemexCleopatragenuerat,<br />

maftavit,acmatriReg<strong>in</strong>xc3put enfe crudeliter refeftum,manusquoque<br />

Sc pedes prECcifbs transmittit. DumSuecisregnum obt<strong>in</strong>uit Birgerius Mafrn\.]S<br />

pmpc Km^fiaholmtfim guitx pariter fangu<strong>in</strong>eEe ex nubibus cecidifTememorantur. Paucis<br />

deh<strong>in</strong>canuis RexBirgerus duosfi-atesfuosWaldemerum, &Ericum teterrimo<strong>in</strong>clufitcar-<br />

ceri atque fame & fJEtore eos <strong>in</strong>teremit. Cujustyrannidis impatientes fiibditi rebellarunt<br />

atque throno eum & regno exuerunt , Scheferus memorab. Suec. c. 2. InSueviaanno<br />

15-34. fimilis pluviaveflescrucibus rubrist<strong>in</strong>gebat,ficut&annoi6oi.<strong>in</strong>Be!giocrucibusrubris<br />

pluit , <strong>in</strong> vefles etiam ciflis <strong>in</strong>clufas , imo illis etiam corpora hom<strong>in</strong>um fignabantur , duravitque<br />

prodigiumanno <strong>in</strong>tegro. NoviflTme etiam anno ifigi.diejg.Decembrisvcf<strong>per</strong>ihaud proculab<br />

urbeLubecenfi ad locum alias ^umlO^XWCVdl didtum fangu<strong>in</strong>e pluit , qui a Re<strong>in</strong>feldenfibus<strong>in</strong>colis,<br />

fupra glaciem&nivem guttatim dif<strong>per</strong>fus fiiitobfervatus, aliquibus autem<br />

<strong>in</strong>locis copiofeprojeftus ulnam latitud<strong>in</strong>e complexus eft.<br />

Pluvia ladtea fuit, utmemoratLiviusDecad. 3.1ib.7.& alii Hiftorici anno ab urbe condita<br />

tribus diebusRomsConfulibus Publ.Scipione 6c L.Calphurnio quam fecutum fuit bellum<br />

Jugurth<strong>in</strong>um. Carnibuspluit <strong>in</strong> Liguria (i.ib Callifto tertio, & alias fiepius, ut refert Pl<strong>in</strong>i.<br />

us. Ranas,mures, coIubros,pu]ices , locuftas&alia idgenerispluere tritumeft, In Velauniistantum<br />

erucarumuna nodte deciditde coelo , quemadmodum Dalecamp. ad lib. 2,<br />

Pl<strong>in</strong>iic.y6.mem<strong>in</strong>it,ut eas <strong>in</strong> domosreptantesbiduototoaccenfapalea urerenecefTumfuerit,<br />

vix ad id lufEciente hom<strong>in</strong>um mulierumque turba. Joann. Willanius narrat, fiib Im<strong>per</strong>atore<br />

Carolp [348. <strong>in</strong> fu<strong>per</strong>ioriAfia ac regnoCathay <strong>in</strong>gentemcopiam vermium , & m<strong>in</strong>utorum<br />

ferpentum exaet^cecidiffe, qui fittore fiio totam terram lilam <strong>in</strong>tiscerunt; unde<br />

etiampeftisenata,quaeprimo Afiam,de<strong>in</strong>de.iEgyptum, Afiricam, Grafciam, Italiamtandem<br />

&Galliam, Hifpaniam, &Angliam, uldmb vero &;Germaniam<strong>in</strong>vadenslamentabiIifliaee<br />

<strong>in</strong>gentem hom<strong>in</strong>um multitud<strong>in</strong>em abripuic. Memorat etiamjonftonus <strong>in</strong>ter admiranda,<br />

fe certo com<strong>per</strong>tum habere , aliquando copiofe Pifcibus pluifte nooprocul a Regiomorite <strong>in</strong><br />

Pruflia, itautvisquoque&pratapifcibus fuer<strong>in</strong>trepleta,fdqueipfumex pifcibusilliscome-<br />

diffe unacumparentibusfuis. Annoi^g^. fupraConftant<strong>in</strong>opoIimatranubes apparuit,quac<br />

cum foluta fuiffet <strong>in</strong> pluviam maximam una fecwm locuftarum copiam eftudit , quse<br />

mox omne gramen depaftce fuerunc. Similis locuftarum pluvia Francofiirti ad Oderam<br />

proximis abh<strong>in</strong>cannisdecidit,unde<strong>in</strong>gensdamnumemerfit. Eodem annofupramemorato<br />

<strong>in</strong> Croatia propd caftellumXX)if]iiQ ex atranube cum immodica pluvia anferes & anates<br />

<strong>in</strong>maxima copia decidiffe tradit I. Leunclajus <strong>in</strong> addic ad Chron.Turc. Qu<strong>in</strong>ta de<strong>in</strong>d^<br />

nodle<strong>in</strong> duas acies fe colIegifTe ac<strong>in</strong>vicem non fccusacduoshoftiles exercitus fefe <strong>in</strong>vafifTe<br />

& impugnafTe multis eorum millibus <strong>in</strong>cerfisdliis , ica ut <strong>in</strong>cols , ac milites ibidem cxeuntes<br />

magnameorumcopiam colleger<strong>in</strong>t & uni nonnunquamcentum, ducentae^imb&quadr<strong>in</strong>gentse<br />

volucres pro fpolioadlautum vidlumcefTer<strong>in</strong>t. Reliqui autemanferesvi6tores,utidem<br />

Author refert, accedentibus hom<strong>in</strong>ibus<strong>in</strong> duas fe curmascolligentes , alib avolarunt.<br />

In Qu^icenfi Prov<strong>in</strong>cia coelo eciam ferenononnunquam <strong>in</strong> ipfo aere vermes excludi fisrunt,<br />

qui <strong>in</strong> ccrram lapfi <strong>in</strong> angues vercuntur bicaudatos , ea qualitate imbutos, utquemcunquc<br />

momorder<strong>in</strong>t, eundem ftatim refblutis fangu<strong>in</strong>is oftiis non tantum ex omnibus naturic orificiis<br />

fed&<strong>per</strong> ipfbs poroscruoremprofundereusqueadultimum hom<strong>in</strong>isexiciumcogunt,nullo<br />

adhuccontra tamimm.anemalum <strong>in</strong>ventoremedio. Kirch. lib, dePefteSec.j. c.j. exAnnalibus<br />

Americanis,<br />

His fubjugendx etiam funt aliarura rerum pluviix; mirabiles. L<strong>in</strong>thurius oblervat <strong>in</strong><br />

FafiicHlo Anni 1496. prope oppidum Munckf<strong>per</strong>ge ptracfaD. Margaretharfeftivicatelapidcs<br />

ccelodejedos, <strong>in</strong>quibusvifkfunthom<strong>in</strong>um facics ,


Philofophico-Politica. 1^9<br />

fio. <strong>in</strong>quit Cardanuslib.i4,c.72.


i40<br />

Mcteorologia<br />

TertioiPifcibus, vermibus,ranis poteftpluere, vel quando vircofa exhalatio , &: (<strong>per</strong>matica<br />

diOiorum animalium corpufcula una cum vapore aqueoex ftagnis& paludibus eievata<br />

accedentecaloreSolis variecommifcentur, atqueadilkid<strong>per</strong>veniunt tem<strong>per</strong>amentum,<br />

utad formam viventis proximd difpolita abAuthore naturx vitam, motumque obt<strong>in</strong>eantj<br />

nonaiiter, quam hic <strong>in</strong> terra mures , ranas nafci videmus. Sic <strong>in</strong> Martiis nivibus diutiiis<br />

aftcrvatis mures natos vidimus. Et cur <strong>in</strong> aere non poilit natura , quod ars praefumit <strong>in</strong> terra.<br />

Qui veteres lumbricos ficcatos <strong>in</strong> poll<strong>in</strong>em redegerit , valique terra p<strong>in</strong>gui , & aqua duld<br />

rcpleto immiferit, ac <strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>tervallairroraverit, <strong>in</strong>gentcm previ lumbricorum multitud<strong>in</strong>em<br />

afpiciet. Ranasprodufturus, limum, <strong>in</strong>quopa uftresranar nidularifolenr, accipiat,&So-<br />

li expofitum tepidi fenfim irriget , limus hic calefaftus grandem ranarum numerum dabit.<br />

Eadem arte ferpentes generantur. Secundo , fimilibus animalibus pluere poteft , quando vi<br />

ventorume montium pifc<strong>in</strong>is,aliisve locisabripiuntur , aliund^que <strong>in</strong> aerem transportantur,<br />

& ita cum pluviis <strong>in</strong> terram ecoelo dejiciuntur.<br />

Quarto. Carnem, cretam, terram &:lutum ciim pluviisdecidere puta , quando pnep<strong>in</strong>guis<br />


Pliilofophico-Poiitica.<br />

cie frieus accipient, & <strong>in</strong> aquam concrefccnt , nec fecus ac pluvia cubiculum irrorabunt.<br />

Sipluviam fangu<strong>in</strong>eam exhibere voles, loc6aqu3E<strong>in</strong>quatuorcubiculianguhsUxmum,auc<br />

aqua m<strong>in</strong>io colorata pru<strong>in</strong>is imponatur,<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Abundantia faepe nocet.<br />

\-L-r,,:, JJ:,'.', X-J<br />

NUllibi magis timendum <strong>in</strong>fortunium , quim <strong>in</strong> apice fortunsc. Gradus ad ru<strong>in</strong>am abt<br />

undantia eft. Tenacius ielicitatis exceffui a pedibus eft <strong>per</strong>nicies , quam umbra luci^<br />

fp<strong>in</strong>arofs adhaeret. Statio altidimacatLii eft <strong>per</strong>iculofilfima. Affluxus bonorum fep^<strong>in</strong>exundantiamdegenerat,<br />

utfimultanca rap<strong>in</strong>i collantur omnia , qux f<strong>in</strong>gillatim advcnerunt.<br />

Si <strong>per</strong> ftillicidiafe pluvia <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>uat , paulatim.illabendo terram fbecundat. Deprxmuntur<br />

onere fata , devolvuntur d montibus faxa , tefta turresque Ixduntur, quando profufonimium<br />

f<strong>in</strong>unubium cataratlx firanguntut. Quando univerfij uno psend ambitupotituseftPeloponnefoiEgides(Plutarchumaudis)dum<br />

<strong>in</strong>fummo ftat, pundtotemporis rurfus^^^afc<br />

abomnibus excidit. Admaturitatemquandonimiampomum <strong>per</strong>venit, averme arroditur.^Xr-A^,<br />

Fortuna , quando <strong>in</strong> copia fruditicat , putrefcit. Ita navi exoncrata: ad crepid<strong>in</strong>em pro-<br />

cellce certum m<strong>in</strong>teritu m<strong>in</strong>antur. Et non cft peftilentior Saturno Planeta , quia fupremo <strong>in</strong>ter<br />

nodturnos orbeslococollocatus. Cumplenoftatorbe noftisDom<strong>in</strong>aLuna, m<strong>in</strong>uitur:<br />

imo nonnifi plena eclipfatur , ac <strong>in</strong> umbras <strong>in</strong>volvitur : crefcit , ut def<strong>in</strong>at. In orbe ftas?<br />

orbem gubernas 'i NMi fortunA mtnks , e\nAm ofttm*. criditur. Sencca, Qbertas fruftum<br />

ramos refr<strong>in</strong>git, ur<strong>in</strong>atorem(f3oliorumcopiamergit. Poftquamviftoriarumtrophxisdivcs<br />

VifafUgio ftabatBelifarius, quafi altius neiciret eum toUere fbrtuna) dejecit .& uc csciso-<br />

S 3<br />

eulis<br />

14^


142<br />

Metcorologia<br />

culis yideat , quld fit felicem efle > depau<strong>per</strong>avit. Nempe Fortma divttibus pecmia »o» do»ault^<br />

fedmntuo dedit.Bio.OYo repofuit, quadedit. Piiblianum eft. Qu^andoquidem haec ipfa <strong>in</strong> telici-<br />

Tlut Sym ^^^^ <strong>in</strong>felicitas eft , quod nunquam fit f<strong>in</strong>cera, aut <strong>per</strong>fedta, aut <strong>per</strong>petua. Corpora , Hbiad<br />

'<br />

j. f l 'fnmmum feife^a [imt vigorem , non confsiunt , jcd momento <strong>in</strong> contrar<strong>in</strong>m impellmtur. Plut. Ipfc fi-<br />

' '* " ' derum Pr<strong>in</strong>ceps , aureusque didator alcendendodefcendit; <strong>in</strong> apice dum ftat , mergitur.<br />

Quidamoenius difcurrente <strong>per</strong> aerem flammula, aut e candidiftimacera radiante? Innovit<br />

fitno fiimus eft, afcendendo vanefcit. Omnis mundi fplendor, & braccatt? gloria gentis><br />

quo fublimiLJSenititur,velociusdifparet.- Fulgurafunthonorumacfelicicatisradii;dumtenentur,<br />

non fimt. Dum nitent , cadunt; dum cumefcunt, <strong>in</strong>anefcunt. Quxvis dies illis<br />

„ . , criticus eft-, imo quodvis momentum climaftericum. llle aicenfus fatalis horoicopus eft»<br />

^'^"<br />

'^'^:<br />

"'<br />

; qui <strong>in</strong> Spha;ra felicitatis ftatuit , NoneftiflafoUda&f<strong>in</strong>cerafelicitas, CruflaeH , & ejuidem tenHts,<br />

• Jseneca. JoannisCaftiliaERegisfavorDidacumAriasplenovultu arrifit; fufpedtus ei fem<strong>per</strong><br />

fuit meridies gratite; clavum libi optabat; cum ut <strong>in</strong>ftabilem Pr<strong>in</strong>cipis gratiam , fi <strong>in</strong> fummo<br />

eft, figeret: tum ut fbrtunce rotam det<strong>in</strong>eret ; ne, qtiem <strong>in</strong> fublimilocavit, ad ima dc-<br />

Sen.ep,se, pj-i,-neret. Res eH<strong>in</strong>quietafelicitas ; aliielidentur , aliicadent. Scn. Cafibus exponitur , qui pro-<br />

movetur. Quo prop<strong>in</strong>quior coelo eft vertex montis, c6 fialiu<strong>in</strong>i obvius magis exponitur,<br />

Ovid.s. Quantomagis blanditur fbrtuna, decipit. Inopem me copia fecit , apudNafbnemfirudtuum umetam.<br />

hettate preffa pomus <strong>in</strong>gem<strong>in</strong>at: & apud eundem nux nucibus plena : Noctt , effeferacem,<br />

Jdemekg. Copiam timcfuge abundantiam. Nam ubi turmatim & coUedtoagm<strong>in</strong>eapes volitanc,pr3E.<br />

de Nuce. (ai.iunt imbrem ; & mel immoderatum nocec.<br />

^riill.O. ^<br />

fr- QU.ESTIOV.<br />

COnclufio<br />

prima. Nix efl concretio vaporis refbluti <strong>in</strong> aquam m<strong>in</strong>utifllmam, qui vapor<br />

antequam fbrmetur <strong>in</strong> guttas, dum adhuc habet admiftummultiimaeris,(Scaliquid<br />

exhalationisficca;, fu<strong>per</strong>veniente fiigoredenfiflimocosgulatur, 6c copulatis<strong>in</strong>vicem<br />

pluribus particulis fbrmatur <strong>in</strong> floccos. Materia,igitur nivis eft vapor im<strong>per</strong>fedd<br />

relblutus modo explicato ; forma eft cogulatio talisvaporis ; coagulum funt exhalationes<br />

ficcse <strong>in</strong>terceptae ; caufa efHciens eft frigus. In idem recidit dehnitio Ariftotelica , quod<br />

nix fic nubes conglaciata ; nom<strong>in</strong>e enim nubis <strong>in</strong>telligit vaporem impevfeft^ refblutum.<br />

Necdirtert etiam nifi verbis ab eorum delcriptione, qui voluntnivemnihilaliudeffe, quam<br />

fpumam quandam, qu;E<strong>in</strong>glaciem concrefcit eoferd modo, utbrumalis nebulacapillisaut<br />

haibje fblet apparere. Nec illis contradicimus , qui nivem nubis ftillicidium decidens <strong>in</strong><br />

aerecongelatumnom<strong>in</strong>ant;procujus<strong>in</strong>telligentiaadverti volunt, <strong>in</strong>^<strong>in</strong>fimo nubiscont<strong>in</strong>eri<br />

partes crafliores, <strong>in</strong>medio medias,<strong>in</strong>fummoautem fpiritusfubtilifIimos;tunccont<strong>in</strong>gere,<br />

quod vedis <strong>in</strong>aquampartibuscraflioribus, ic de<strong>in</strong>de mediis, fubtiliflimitandemfpiritusde-<br />

cidant, verfi <strong>in</strong> ftillicidia m<strong>in</strong>utillima, qua; <strong>in</strong>aereobvehementem frigiditatemdicimusge-<br />

lari, &C (icgelaca decidare <strong>per</strong>modum lanajjtenuiffimae.<br />

Ccnclufio fecunda. Albedo & candor nivis oritur primo propter frigiditatem ficut <strong>in</strong><br />

phlegmaticiscorporibus,& frigidarum regionum <strong>in</strong>colis cft videre, qui fem<strong>per</strong> funtalbio-<br />

res illis, qui calida loca<strong>in</strong>colunt. Secundo, quia habet admixtum aereum,humidurn, 5c<br />

p<strong>in</strong>guecumipfisaqueis (piritibus,quam obcaufam albefcitaqua oleo <strong>in</strong>fula, De<strong>in</strong>de,quia<br />

aibedo refultat exopaco tem<strong>per</strong>ato cumDiaphano feu transparenti,h<strong>in</strong>cergo,cum<strong>in</strong>nive<br />

opacum glacieitem<strong>per</strong>aturDiaphanoaeris admifti, refultat candor. Ex fimili ratione fpuma<br />

aquJE albefcit. Opacitas enim aquxtem<strong>per</strong>atur diaphano aeris admifti. Nec vero ni-<br />

vis candor, uriM. Albertusd: Lovanienfes op<strong>in</strong>ati funt, eft color tancum apparens , ut <strong>in</strong><br />

multisconcretionibus aereis , fed verus &: expreffus, alioqu<strong>in</strong> non itadiu <strong>per</strong>feveraretetiam<br />

<strong>in</strong> nivecompreffa , acm<strong>in</strong>ime translucida. Nimiriim colores veri non <strong>in</strong> folis mixtis <strong>per</strong>-<br />

,*•• ' fedis, fed<strong>in</strong> im<strong>per</strong>fedtisedam vifuntur.<br />

Conclufio tertia. Nivis mollitiesoritur ex admiftioneaeris, qui facil^icedit ; h<strong>in</strong>c nix<br />

etiammolliorpru<strong>in</strong>a eft, &candidior , tumquia plus aerisadmiftum eft nivi,quaro prui-<br />

nae , tum qub pru<strong>in</strong>a , cum tormetur juxta terram, plures cont<strong>in</strong>et exhalationes ficcas,<br />

quas non conr<strong>in</strong>etnix, undeciimfit nive ficcior^jefteriam durior,ficque nixeftpru<strong>in</strong>^mol-<br />

Hor,licdt fit durior aqu*, utpote qua: eft aqua ficcior, ideo enim conr<strong>in</strong>uata &<strong>per</strong>modum lanse<br />

decidit, quod nonhabet aqua.<br />

Conclufio quarta. Nivis flocculi pleriimque <strong>in</strong>ftarftellarum fex radiis dift<strong>in</strong>di apparent<br />

; cujus rationem dat Renatus Defiartes , dum ait: nivcm non glaciari hexagonam , fed.<br />

hanc


Philofopliico-Politica.<br />

14^<br />

hanc figuram coalercere,quia pliiresdmulvaporcsgl.iciacireconjungunc<strong>in</strong>rotundum, haee<br />

enim rcbus maximc connaturalis e\\ Hgura : Quod autcm ("cni nec plurcs , nec paucio-<br />

rcs vapores concurrant , accidirquiacum mcdius vaporrotunduslit, ejusrotunditatc<strong>in</strong> pauciores<br />

expleje non pofruncnccillapluicsadmittcre. fApcricntiam obviumcorpusrotundum<br />

dabit , Llniones v. g. <strong>in</strong> plano a-ijuali conlulc projicc , ut<strong>in</strong> circulum conHuant, &<br />

eos ita fpontc difponi oblervabis, utunioni<strong>in</strong>medio conlidcntifcKaliifcailbcient ,


Cicero <strong>in</strong><br />

Dtal. de<br />

fenc^Hte.<br />

144<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Morum fenedlus Politici omamentunx<br />

PLacet Romanse Eloquentiae laudatidimum verbum : Mattm fias f<strong>in</strong>ex , m diu vivasf<strong>in</strong>ex'<br />

Non qui diu vixit , fed qui bene vixit, annofus eft. Senedus quid fit, Solonrefpondeat<br />

: viuhyems. Puer centum annorum eft, qui hyemem niveo vertice portat,&mo-<br />

ribus <strong>in</strong>fantefcit. Non fem<strong>per</strong>Catones funt, quibus pili candicant. Morum gravitas vi-<br />

tse feneftus eft, Etiam <strong>in</strong>juvenibus canities re<strong>per</strong>itur, ArdetiEtna, licet niveo fit tegm<strong>in</strong>e<br />

canus. Senes decrepiti fjepe juvenes funt moribus, xftuant libid<strong>in</strong>is flammS , nutfiunt<br />

<strong>in</strong>cendia odiorum, lafciviunt <strong>in</strong>genii geniique levitate. Non cani , tio» rttgA refmie authori-<br />

Horat.1.4<br />

tdtem aferre pojfmt (ait Romanse gravitatis exemplar Cicero de viro graviflimo Catone<br />

carm, 0-<br />

Majore) fid honejie aUa fuj^erior etasfrunits amhoritatis fribet extremos. Rigente terra , niveisde<br />

7. que contefta tloccis , herbarum radices, «Sc<strong>in</strong>natus calor non ext<strong>in</strong>guuntur , fbecunditas<br />

confervatur , pofito candore virefcit. Dijftigere nives , redemtjamgramlna campis. Vene-<br />

rabilis feneftus eft, ubi virtutes junioribus annis plantatas florcnt, atque <strong>in</strong>annolbs frudtus<br />

SeM.ep.26. maturefcunt. SeneQ:utem florem ayiimi Seneca nom<strong>in</strong>avit. Hyeme fenetlutis mores ver-<br />

Iheodof<br />

Imp.apud<br />

TacitJ.it,<br />

(<strong>in</strong>nal.<br />

nent, merita autumnent. Non <strong>in</strong> canis , nec <strong>in</strong> annisv fed moribus fanis astas numeratur.<br />

Ihi<strong>per</strong>feUa ejixtas, nbi<strong>per</strong>fecia eftvirtus. Eft & <strong>in</strong> adolcfcentibus viccc canities ; quandomoium<br />

honeftate albelcunt. Prudentiamaturi,verecundiadecori decor funtReipubl,<br />

Honor non capitiscanitie, (edvits <strong>in</strong>tegritate comparatur, Levisarmatur£eeft,qui'moribus<br />

& amorihus pondus non addit , fit licet gravis astate. Inanefcit v<strong>in</strong>um , quando acefcit,<br />

quiafpiritus evanefcit, Levitatem fenex <strong>in</strong>duit,quandovolacilislpiritus cxuic,quam<br />

liabuit juvenis, virtutem, Ipfe ilxo tandemtriftisacore fenesc Non <strong>in</strong>ficiorfenibusrevc-<br />

rentiam,


Philofophico-Politica. 145<br />

rcntiam , fi morlbus pondus addant. Sunt , qui autumno vernant flores , & vef<strong>per</strong>e odorem<br />

ipargunt. Senedus illa honorata eft , qux quanto viribus ncrvisque dcficit , tanco<br />

virtucerepuilulat, &revirc(cit. IdconliliiamecapiasPolitice. Non<strong>in</strong> annorum maturi-<br />

tatem irudus virtutum differ , <strong>in</strong> vere autumna , hyberna <strong>in</strong> xftate. Non deiunt Juvenes cktr.di<br />

<strong>in</strong> (juibus eft feneElns venernbHis mo<strong>in</strong>m., &/anA prudentM, Jam j<strong>in</strong> cunis maturuit pro vrfclo-yj^^^^<br />

ria Hcrcuics , & Herculem <strong>in</strong> prxtexta Cyrus egit. Nolcitur ex ungue Leo , Sc <strong>in</strong> teneris<br />

plumisiliosadSoiis obtutum oculosaquilspullioftentant. Tam gravis levibus<strong>in</strong>annisju-<br />

venisll-pc eltanimus,utadultis ofticiis lufticiat. Exempladoceant; annum agens decimum SHeten.c.t<br />

Sc fepcimumjulius Cteiar Flamen dialisdeft<strong>in</strong>atus eft, jamtumfceptro maturus. O6to fu- Ym. Us,<br />

pra decemCn. Pompejus, novem & decem Odtavianus annosnumerarunt, & civilia beila^„„^J<br />

fndu<strong>per</strong>atores fuft<strong>in</strong>ucrunt. Cauiantiannarum cenuicacem populo , vel refpondendo ma-<br />

turum le probavic Scipio Afi-icanus: Si vos ttAtem mcAm honorihHS anteiftis , & ego honores veftros<br />

virtHtep-tceJJi, AlexanderSeverusadmodum PueraSenatu Cxiar fadtus •, Gordianus<br />

unclen- LiviM,<br />

nisiceptrumgeftavic, Otco tertius <strong>in</strong>deMirabilisdidtus, quia <strong>in</strong>pueritia pro (ceptro lapien-<br />

tiacanuic AnidofccptroaftuelcuntAquilce, fulm<strong>in</strong>are difcunt> 5cSolemportare. Lamprid,<br />

QUiESTlO IV.<br />

Sahsfit uariis adhuc qu^Jitis de nivc,<br />

QLIaeres primo. Cur <strong>in</strong> altismontibusnix<strong>in</strong>veniatur, cumnullafit<strong>in</strong>planitic, Vel <strong>in</strong><br />

vallibus? Reipondeo : id rieripropter dcfcdum caloris , cont<strong>in</strong>gui enim (L<strong>in</strong>t montium<br />

verciccs medicE acris regioni , «Sc proptcre.1 <strong>per</strong>pctuistrigoribus hoirida (untea<br />

loca, qux caufaeft, quodmonces Scychici <strong>per</strong>pucua tegantur nive. Accedit , quod alta<br />

montium juga magis <strong>per</strong>Bentur vcntis ; & tamecli editioribus locis fua quoque (blarium radiorum<strong>in</strong>iicreBcxio:<br />

tamen cum montium latera h<strong>in</strong>c <strong>in</strong>dc<strong>in</strong> protundum c<strong>in</strong>gantur aere, <strong>in</strong><br />

quibusealucisgem<strong>in</strong>atioreverberatione m<strong>in</strong>imafit, haud dubie m<strong>in</strong>iis <strong>in</strong>caleicunt montes<br />

circumjacentiumPolorum radiis, quamvalles ic deprcni terrarum tractus. Nec audiendi<br />

funtnonnulli;qui contendunt, montiumcacum<strong>in</strong>acalidiorae(redebere,quo prop<strong>in</strong>quiora<br />

Soli (unt. Nampneterquam, quod ex<strong>per</strong>ientiaconuarium doceat, ratio ailata irivola cft,<br />

quia ccKitudomontium parummomenci habet ad prop<strong>in</strong>quitatem, ciim tanta terra; moles<br />

(ic qua(i punftum , paribus tere' <strong>in</strong>cervallisacoclo diftans. Alirumeft,quodre(ercFournier<br />

Geograph. orb. not. lib. i. c. n. de Heclamont c , quod vcrtex hujus montis <strong>per</strong>pecuis albelcac<br />

nivibus, radicesveroconc<strong>in</strong>uisardeant <strong>in</strong>cendiis,it3ut propiusicxmilliaribusimpunenemo<br />

accedcre queat. Similitet<strong>in</strong>Tr<strong>in</strong>acrii montiSiEtnxcacum<strong>in</strong>c nives illafce <strong>per</strong>mancncificquenovitvaftum<br />

illud<strong>in</strong>cendium fub nivibus (ervare hdem, tScutPoctacanit:<br />

Lambit contijutts imoxia flamma prn<strong>in</strong>as.<br />

InTenerifalnfula, quce una eft ex FortH»atis,monKmeffe fcribit Cardanus de variet. lib, T,<br />

c. 4. qui alciftimus caput <strong>in</strong>ter nubila condit; <strong>in</strong> piimoautcm viret, <strong>in</strong>medio nivofus eft,<strong>in</strong><br />

cacum<strong>in</strong>efumumcmiccit, caufam fubdic: Altiftimusenimcumlit, Sc latior <strong>in</strong> medio, quam<br />

cacum<strong>in</strong>e; exhalatio <strong>per</strong>iu<strong>per</strong>iora fertur, non <strong>in</strong> medium , quia latera a centro plurimum<br />

dift;mc , ncque pcrforatus eft <strong>in</strong> ea parte. Humor autcm defluens radicem virentem fa«<br />

cic.<br />

Contra aucemRegiones&urbesAuftroobjedjE raronivem fentiunt, utRoma, Genua»<br />

Ncapolis. Eadem quoque eft cau(a , quod <strong>in</strong>cerdum ad radices montium , (eu <strong>in</strong> vallibus<br />

pluet , <strong>in</strong> moncibus auccm n<strong>in</strong>gac, quia nix , qux eft rara , a tepiditate a^ris <strong>in</strong>ferioris <strong>in</strong>ter<br />

dcfcenfum eliquacur <strong>in</strong>pluviam; <strong>in</strong> moncibus veroalcisacr cftfrigidior, ut nix eliquari non<br />

pofiic. H<strong>in</strong>c ctiam Pl<strong>in</strong>ius teftatur lib. 2. c. loj. nunquam <strong>in</strong> alto mari n<strong>in</strong>gere, quod cali-<br />

diores exhalationes, eam prius liquefaciant.<br />

Quaeres fecundo. Quare dum n<strong>in</strong>git , mitiiis (kvire frigus obfervetur , maximd fi raagnum<br />

, Sc ficcum antea prseccfTerit ? Relpondeo , rationem effe, eo , quod nubes niveprsBgnantes<br />

coardcnt aerem terrae vic<strong>in</strong>um , & halitus 6 terra crumpences rc<strong>per</strong>cuciant ; vcl<br />

quiadum vapores <strong>in</strong> fecunda regione acris congelantur, fpiricus calidiorcsextrudunt , qui<br />

relapfi noftrum aerem calefaciunt. H<strong>in</strong>c quanto <strong>in</strong>tenliiis regnat fiigus , tanto m<strong>in</strong>ores<br />

cadunt nives, quia magis cxficcacsE majori frigore, m<strong>in</strong>us libi cohcerent, Sc licet <strong>in</strong> fe <strong>in</strong>vicem<br />

imp<strong>in</strong>gant ,frangunt fepotivls, quam coalefcant. Si quem tamen fenfdre calorem,<br />

cent<strong>in</strong>uo fibitcnacicer adhxrent; undefit > ut pila nivcapugnom<strong>in</strong>oremontisvcrticcvolvi<br />

T csepta


146<br />

Mcteorologia<br />

capta <strong>in</strong>gvandem prius molem concrclcac, donec radicem montis att<strong>in</strong>gat, Talis^Dolfr<strong>in</strong>iorummontibus<br />

lapfuurbem <strong>in</strong>tegram obtriviirulcgiturapudOiaumlib-ig.c.if. InCambizena<br />

fcpe (pont(^ le ita nix emontibus decidualenlim agglomtrat , ut <strong>in</strong>tegras hom<strong>in</strong>um<br />

catervas obruat.Scrabolib. 11.<br />

Quxres certio. Cur <strong>in</strong> Norvegia, &c aliis Regionibus feptentrionalibus , quse pend<br />

fem<strong>per</strong> vtfliuntur nivibus,lepores,ur(i , cervi , lib. 10. deufu part, c.5, (cribit. Xenophoncls mili-<br />

tes, e Perfideredeuntes, dum <strong>per</strong> mulcam nivem iterfecerunt, oculisplurimum la-(bs fui(-<br />

fe. Idcirco eciam <strong>in</strong> RegnoT^if.f <strong>in</strong>co!;.u moncani<strong>per</strong>fpicillis cancellacis, ac reciculacis , ubi<br />

cont<strong>in</strong>ua: nives <strong>in</strong> oculos cadunt , uti (blent , uc radiorum nimium candentium affluxum<br />

nonnihil caftigent.<br />

QiKcres qu<strong>in</strong>to. Cur nix, ut obfervatum eft <strong>in</strong>alpibus , etiam quandoque rubefcat?<br />

Ref^^ondco, fieri hoc ex eo poteff, quodaercEe partcs(quas candoris etiam caufam elledi.<br />

ximus) cum tempore avolenc , & materiam nivis deferentes , cam mixturam rel<strong>in</strong>quant,<br />

qus rubori plus accedat. Euftathius vero, dum refert, <strong>in</strong> Armenianives rubicundas <strong>in</strong>veniri,<br />

docet, hoccont<strong>in</strong>gereideo, quodexhalationes ibi frequentesexlocis m<strong>in</strong>ioabundantibusafccndant.<br />

Ejndem caulam afTcit Alexander abAlexandroIib.^.Genial.dier, c.9. de<br />

rubicundis nivibus<strong>in</strong>Scythicemontibus. CoeruleaEeciamnivesvideri juxta fretumMagalianumatiirmatCardanus<br />

lib. i.devariet. c.4. tierique hoc non tanciuTiobvecuftatem ipfam,<br />

fed quodadglaciematrara accedat, (S:pro(pe£tuselong<strong>in</strong>quo fit, quemadmodum&<strong>in</strong> aerecocruleum<br />

oftendat,<br />

Quxres lexto. Cur,dum n<strong>in</strong>gic, fonusvocum Sc campanarum difficilius <strong>per</strong>cipiatur?<br />

Refpondeo, rationem elfe, quia nixaerisagilitatem auferc, 6c<strong>in</strong> ftocculosnivisfonus toties<br />

imp<strong>in</strong>git, uttandemdillipetur, nec <strong>per</strong>eorum<strong>in</strong>tervalla<strong>in</strong>teger<strong>per</strong>manarepoflit.<br />

Quanes feptimo. An animalia <strong>in</strong> nive nafci, Sc vivere pofl<strong>in</strong>ty Refpondeo , lic^t <strong>in</strong><br />

glacie nullum oriri, autviverepofle videaturanimal, quod eacongelata, adeoquefirigidifli-<br />

nia, omnideltituacur calore, quocamen opushabentanim.ilia, ucoriridkviverequeanc, ficutdocer<br />

Ariftoceles ; nix tamen , quia mixtum quid,licet im<strong>per</strong>fectum & humidum, utpoteexvaporibus<br />

concretum quoddam eft; nullumaucemhumidum f<strong>in</strong>ecaloreefTepoteft,<br />

ut idemPhilofophusdoceclib. f degenerat. animal. idcirco eciamanimalia qusdam <strong>in</strong> nivc<br />

oriri & vivcre pofTe negari nondebec, llndeHelmoncius tradit, <strong>in</strong> nivibus vermes nafci.<br />

VerilT<strong>in</strong>ilius camen eft, animalia cum nivibus decidua vel fub foliorum <strong>in</strong> arboribus congerie»<br />

velalibilatibulumaliquodhyemeapprop<strong>in</strong>quancequcefivifreatquecummagnovencorumimpecu<br />

al io dil<strong>per</strong>fa , nivisqueflocculis conclufa denuo dejedia efl"e. Quae<strong>in</strong>fedta,cumde-<br />

<strong>in</strong>devivificisSoIis radiis feriuncur, auc alio proficuo calorefoventur, facile <strong>in</strong>iistorpidifpiritus<br />

animantur, 6c fic iplahujusmodi<strong>in</strong>feda quafi<strong>in</strong>vicamrevocantur.<br />

Quaeres ultimo. tltrum nix aliquandolapidefcat <strong>in</strong> cryftalfum ? afiirmat hoc Pl<strong>in</strong>ius<br />

Jib.57.nat.Hift,c.2. Ideoneceamre<strong>per</strong>iriteftatur, nifiubi maxime hyberna; nives rigent, ,<br />

-ut<strong>in</strong> cautibus Alpium. Undeipfam p!erumquealocis<strong>in</strong>viisfunependentesextrahunt.Ita-<br />

',<br />

que ait,cryftallumefle glaciemunde&nomenGrtecidedere. Diciturenim^-fiJ^/w^ii^^ideft,<br />

glaciesj&o-^^^^^i^iidcft, contraho; quodex glacie frigoris vehementia obdurefcat <strong>in</strong> lapi- 1<br />

dem. Gigni vero itaCryftallumcontirmat praefens ex<strong>per</strong>ientia; ciimhocetjamtempore 4 '<br />

prsalris & firigidiflmisrupibus, ut d Perf<strong>in</strong>ianis, quce <strong>in</strong> extremis Noricis funt, evellatur.<br />

Veriim & <strong>in</strong>traterram<strong>in</strong>venista<strong>in</strong>metallicis,quampropriis,utalios pretiofos lapides, cry.<br />

italium <strong>in</strong>vea iri conftat.<br />

A P P E N D T X.<br />

PRimo.<br />

Nivis arrificialisproductio fequenti modo , ut tradit Kircherus <strong>in</strong> arte luc. lib. ;. c.<br />

2. confici poteft : fiat ^ lam<strong>in</strong>is ferreisTholus, five hxmifphcerium , duplicatis ita lami-<br />

nis , ut <strong>in</strong>ter utnimque nix glacies nit)-o , vel vitriolo mixta poni poflit ; aptentur <strong>in</strong>fra tho-<br />

lumfblles, quiflatu conr<strong>in</strong>uoaerem ad tholum refrigerent ; ita fiet: utlifub tholo <strong>in</strong> cubi- •<br />

culo vas aquEe ferveat , ^ qua vapores ad tholum fublimentur , hi a nivibus frigefadli 'm<br />

teauiflimas guttulas refolventur , quia vero a vento , foliium ope excitato , impetun-<br />

ttir<br />

[


=<br />

Philofophico-Politica, 147<br />

turi<strong>in</strong> nivem gelabunt •) &: decidendbus floccis omnia contegent. Alio modo fic ricif<br />

potell ; Includacur a^juatubo vicreo ; hx'c diu mulcum agicecur , <strong>in</strong>numera: h<strong>in</strong>c cmergenc<br />

bull;E , L]ua'gcIidoaeri expoliccE <strong>in</strong>veramnivemabibunt. Sicetiampru<strong>in</strong>aproducipo-<br />

tcJt, li nempe hybcrno rempore <strong>in</strong>cra vas krvencis aquaeplenum Irigido aeri expolitum ca-<br />

jilliaut tbiia roris mar<strong>in</strong>i (iilpendantur, vapores congelati concrdcunc <strong>in</strong> pru<strong>in</strong>am ci (imi-<br />

em,qux hyemis tempore cr<strong>in</strong>ibusadhxrefcic, livequsexhom<strong>in</strong>iimvelequorum halitibus<br />

prodit.<br />

Secundo. Anno ifio. Reg<strong>in</strong>a/^^r/j filium edidit £w^««t;/' Regi Lufitanix Paai fpecie<br />

Sc forma limillimum , qui Henrfcus appellatus eft ; eodcm die , quo Pr<strong>in</strong>ceps hic <strong>in</strong> lucem e-<br />

ditus fuit , 0!r/:pp ( <strong>in</strong> qua quidem urbe proprer iiimmam cceli tem<strong>per</strong>iem monftro (imilc<br />

eft , partem aliquam nivis <strong>in</strong>tueri) plurima nive conf<strong>per</strong>fa iuit, quod multi fic <strong>in</strong>cerprcta-<br />

ti (unt, ut ea ni\c mentis candore<strong>in</strong>, viciepurii.atem, Sc cont<strong>in</strong>cntiam, virtutis eximix faecundicatem,<br />

qux <strong>in</strong> hoc Pr<strong>in</strong>cipe mii-abilicer cluxit , prxmonllratam tuiirc dicerent. ita<br />

Orolius Iib.8. rerumEmanuel.<br />

Tcrtio. Narrat Olaus M.lib. 19. c. if. <strong>in</strong> partibus feptentrionalibus , nivem tanta copia<br />

dejici, ut arborum rami, iplique arbores ita ramis , &<br />

arboribus <strong>in</strong>nedancur, <strong>in</strong>vicemque<br />

fbrnicario qua(i o<strong>per</strong>e coharcant, (icque <strong>in</strong> longiflima ambulacra , etiam multorum niillia-<br />

rium fub nive miie congelata protendantur.<br />

QUiESTIO VII.<br />

COnclufio prima. Grando efl; congelatio aqua* , quae cum a vcnto det<strong>in</strong>etur, &agttatui",<br />

commiicetur multis exhalationibus ficcis & falnitralibus , quarum vi , accedenteeciamtrigore,<br />

congelafcit. Difl<strong>in</strong>guitura nivc, quia nix cft nubis ftillicidium<br />

<strong>in</strong>nere congelauim ; grando autcm cfl imber, qui grandioribus, vel nimbus, qui maximis<br />

guctis decidit, <strong>in</strong> aere congelatus, Si acciJit tempore a-flivo : ejus materia rcmota cft (pi-<br />

ratio, magni caloris cfiicientia <strong>in</strong> fublime evccta , iSc <strong>in</strong> nubem paulo denfiorem &: calidiorem<br />

concrcta. Materiaproximaeftimber. In quemnubcs (olvitur. Proxima caufa effi-<br />

cienseft etiam calor circumfu(i aeris; aquam <strong>per</strong>anti<strong>per</strong>iftafim refrigerans,totumque ab cx<br />

calcKc<strong>in</strong>exprimens, tk ext<strong>in</strong>guens. Quo fit, utgrando horridior acdurior fit cocceris imprcdionibus<br />

humidis, quje<strong>in</strong> acre tiunt. Siautcm grando exiflat, cumomnia circumquaque<br />

algen:,cjusremocamatcriaeftex('piraciOjnontanto c.ilore, nec<strong>in</strong>tam denlamcalidamque<br />

nube.n coacla. Proximavcro cfficiens caufacftfrigusacrisambientis,congelantisque.<br />

Caula lormalis eft fpecie globulorumcongbciacushumor. Numerusaucemtantuscftglobulorum<br />

, quancusguttarum; nam f<strong>in</strong>gulaguttx frigore concrefcunt &c fiunt grand<strong>in</strong>es.<br />

Conclufio fecunda. Grandotit & gcneratur tum <strong>in</strong> mcdia, tum <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>fimaaerisregio~<br />

ne; Rc^tio eft, quiadura omnia circumquaque rigefcunt,poteftaer<strong>in</strong>utraqueregioneidoncam<br />

obtiueietrigoris vehementiam ad conglaciandam aquam. Dum autem vigetaftus, potefl<strong>in</strong><br />

ejusdemlocis<strong>per</strong> anti<strong>per</strong>iftafim tancum fiigoris, quantum ad eundem eti-cdum opus<br />

lit , <strong>in</strong>cra aquam coalefcere. San(i gelari nonnunquam grand<strong>in</strong>em prope tcrram , illud arcumento<br />

dt, quod <strong>in</strong>terdumgrando decidit<strong>in</strong>terceptis pakis, quas aquacoiicrelcens <strong>in</strong>fe<br />

<strong>in</strong>cluicrat. L[ndenegandume(t,(em<strong>per</strong>gem<strong>in</strong>ationemradiorum<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>fimaregione aeristantam<br />

clfc , ut trigui ad conglaciandam aquam necelfario expuguct & <strong>in</strong>terimat. Accedic,<br />

quodprardidaconglaciacio nonadfiigusduntaxat circumjtcti corporis, fed <strong>in</strong>terdumadejuicalorem,<br />


148<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

memoratu grando illa eft , quiDELis <strong>per</strong>cuflit Pharaonem , fuetitque haud dubie maxima<br />

ciim <strong>in</strong>cotaterraiEgyptiabhom<strong>in</strong>eulquead jumenca,cun£i:amque herbam &li^num confregtrit,<br />

utconftatex ILb, Exodic.9, pariter& illagrando<strong>in</strong>folitaefLieritmagnitud<strong>in</strong>is, quam<br />

Dom<strong>in</strong>us <strong>in</strong> exercitum qui-nque Regnum urbem Gabaon obfidentium immifit , dum ti. ftatur<br />

facer textusjib. |oIliiecap.lO. Et mortui (Unt multoplnres lafidibttsgrand<strong>in</strong>is , quamcjmsgladiofer-<br />

Inierprodigia, quce Hierofolymicani Regni Chriflianorum excidiuman-<br />

cujferunt filii /fi-iul.<br />

no H87. a Salad<strong>in</strong>o iEgyptio illatum pr2eceft&re,Tyrio memorante , prxter <strong>in</strong>fuetos terrae<br />

£notus,ventos atroces, folis defedtus , marelolicooEftumajore redundans etiam grando frcquens<br />

<strong>in</strong>ftarovi anfer<strong>in</strong>i ca;Io decidit. Ratiovero nacuralishujus magnicud<strong>in</strong>is <strong>in</strong>ter ccetcras<br />

fu<strong>per</strong>iusannotatasnon poftrema eftpugnaventorumrigidicrum,quxmateriam grand<strong>in</strong>is,<br />

dum adhucmollior eft, & ceu nivis colliquefcentis <strong>in</strong>cer (e varie collidit,&<strong>in</strong>grandiorem<br />

molemconfbederat. Quodadfiguram ord<strong>in</strong>ariam grand<strong>in</strong>is att<strong>in</strong>et , ea <strong>in</strong>terdum eft<br />

rotunda, <strong>in</strong>cerdumangularisvel ovalis. Rotunda eft, quando a terra generatur remotiLis,<br />

alcius enim delapfaafris concacfu acceritur acquerotundatur. Angulariseft,qu3ndogene-<br />

ratur prope terram, lic enim non atteruntur latera ejus. Ovalis vero caditex<strong>in</strong>lliSicienti adhucattntu<br />

& <strong>in</strong>a^quali contadu aeris; aut comicantisgrand<strong>in</strong>is, Quod (i <strong>in</strong>terdum <strong>in</strong> globiilisgrand<strong>in</strong>um<br />

ligna,pili, palejE,arenulx,fimilesquequisquilia:re<strong>per</strong>iancur,non hieccont<strong>in</strong>uopraftigiisadlcribenda,<br />

namhsc calorcceleftisauxilioventorum una cum vapore fur-<br />

•lum evehere,tScvisde<strong>in</strong>defrigoriscongelandovaporem agglut<strong>in</strong>are,& <strong>in</strong>fererc potuit.<br />

Curautem grand<strong>in</strong>i<strong>in</strong>terdum imag<strong>in</strong>es miritica; vanorum animalium aliarimique re-<br />

3rumfiatimpreftLe, explicatueftdifficile. AJbeitusquidemM3gnusavirtute&: nimia calliditate<br />

, vel l<strong>in</strong>gulari aiiqua conftellatione ccelcltium corporum has imag<strong>in</strong>es ita conformari<br />

cenfet. Ego hxc&(imilia<strong>in</strong>terportcncanumero. Tales grand<strong>in</strong>umipecies memorablles<br />

Nauclerusdefcribic, qjarum ea, qusanno 1240. Cremon^ decidit, nucum magnitud<strong>in</strong>eimpreiramcrucisfiguram.tacie'mqueChriftiadfcriptisverbis:<br />

JESIIS NAZARENUS cont<strong>in</strong>uic.<br />

Altera vero <strong>in</strong> Regionibus-feptencrionalibus annoi^^f. menfe Augufto docidenSjhumanas<br />

faciesexhibuit, cujus mentionem quoquelacitCrantziuslib. ^.Vandal. cap. 42. du<strong>in</strong><br />

memorato anno circaAftumptsD.Virg<strong>in</strong>is teftum <strong>in</strong>Saxonia cecidifti; fcribit grand<strong>in</strong>em,<br />

qua; humanae faciei imag<strong>in</strong>em prxtulerit. Barbata <strong>in</strong>quit virorum , fcem<strong>in</strong>arum vero crifpan-<br />

tibus <strong>in</strong>voluta peplis imago<strong>in</strong>grand<strong>in</strong>ecernebatur. I^udo\acusClavicel!Jus mem<strong>in</strong>it gran-<br />

d<strong>in</strong>is fangu<strong>in</strong>e mixcce,qua'<strong>in</strong>agroBononien(iadAnnumChrifti 15-57. menleAugufto cecidit,<br />

<strong>in</strong>ea<strong>in</strong>ventafunt grana , qucepondere libras^g. exceflerunt. IIoc ex eadem rationc naturaliter<br />

cont<strong>in</strong>gere potuit, quapluviam f<strong>in</strong>gu<strong>in</strong>em fieri (ij<strong>per</strong>iiis annotavimus,<br />

Conclulio quarta. Frequentius vere oc aucumno gvand<strong>in</strong>esdecidunt , tefle Arift. r,<br />

Met,i2.m<strong>in</strong>ustrequenter <strong>in</strong> teftate , nunquam, aut rariiTime <strong>in</strong> hyeme. Ratio eft , quia <strong>in</strong><br />

vere&: autumno calor (iitficiens adeft, qui excitare poflit vapores , qui de<strong>in</strong>de a frigiditate<br />

<strong>per</strong> anti<strong>per</strong>iftaf<strong>in</strong> audti, facile conftr<strong>in</strong>gi pofll<strong>in</strong>t. Autumno autem foEpiiis quam vere fic gran-<br />

do-, quiaciimaucumnus (ijcccdatcalido sftatistempori, vapor magis eft idoneus ad celeriter<br />

tk duriifime congelandum. <strong>in</strong> a-ftate m<strong>in</strong>iistrequenter cont<strong>in</strong>git , eo quodSoI mate-<br />

-riam pxne omnemgrand<strong>in</strong>is confumit. Inhycme aucem proptertrigidit.item poros terra:<br />


Philolophico-Politica. 149<br />

non poteft; vapor fi craflus absque ventis cogi nonpotell, unrleut aquacongelalcat, dcbec<br />

diutius <strong>in</strong> aae dcc<strong>in</strong>eri,


I50<br />

Mcteorologia<br />

fiangitur : <strong>in</strong> probatam fi lamiaiam /»//»>, & refilit. Nubifragium faxorum , ut plumx , ex-<br />

Lipf. l. 2. cipitur , cum <strong>in</strong> bene compag<strong>in</strong>atura unimum mcidit. Ut grando , tetiii magno firefitu, illija ,<br />

de Con(l. tamen dijfilit :Jicclades <strong>in</strong> frmnm animnm fi iucidant , jrangHntur-i mn frangunt. Jufl, LipC M.<br />

C.t9. .<br />

. A A -«.- '<br />

Q^apttol ^^ ^—•*<br />

Qmcciar.<br />

-<br />

w*-**^*''***


COonclufio<br />

Philofophico-Politica. 15I<br />

QUtESTIO VIII.<br />

T^e rore ^ prmna.<br />

prima. Ros dicitur, ut Ifidoro placet, quafi rarus, quod nonadeoden<br />

lis 5c plenis gutcisdefcendat. rertenuicnim conftat af<strong>per</strong>iione, qujevix manu <strong>per</strong>cipicur.<br />

llnde def<strong>in</strong>iri potcft, quod lit refolucio <strong>in</strong> aquam vaporis parum elevati a<br />

terra propter debiiitatem caloris Solis occidentis , qui vapor lu<strong>per</strong>venientc frigore velpcr-<br />

t<strong>in</strong>o & matut<strong>in</strong>o concrefcit ac relblvitur. Materia igicur roris eft vapor lubcilis &: Inumidus<br />

, qui <strong>in</strong>ter omnesvapoies eft tenuiftlmus; fcrma eft guttarum tenuillTmarum ar<strong>per</strong>fio,<br />

Caufa etHcienseft trigus nodlurnum , vel vel<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>um , & matut<strong>in</strong>um tem<strong>per</strong>atum , quod<br />

cogit, & denfatiilum vaporem <strong>in</strong> aqueum liquorem, non autem congeJat. Caufa vapo-<br />

ris eievativa eft Sol ftib vel<strong>per</strong>am , cum enim lic pariim efticax propter caioris debiiitatem,<br />

parum elevar. Ad rorem eciam juvant aftra noaurna, prafertimLuna, maxime <strong>in</strong> plenilunio,<br />

<strong>in</strong> quo majores ll<strong>in</strong>t rores; ideoqueLunadicitur roris mater, quia fcilicet temporc<br />

molli vaporesillos eciamnodu educit,qui nodu terris<strong>in</strong>cubantesfubcrepurculi<strong>in</strong>itiumiolvuntur<br />

<strong>in</strong> aquas.<br />

Conclutio lecunda. Rosdift<strong>in</strong>guitur a pluvia, tum , quia pluvia eft nubcs <strong>in</strong> aquam<br />

foIuta,ros veroeft tantiim vapor evolare <strong>in</strong>cipiens adnubemefFormandam; tum quia plu-<br />

via decidit guttacim, ros vero lcnius, & lcnlim l<strong>in</strong>e fcnfu herbis ac floribus adficerefcic.<br />

Conclulio certia. Locus , ubi generacur , eft <strong>in</strong>fimus acr , non ^utem fuprema pars<br />

medix regionis , licut Albertus Magnus exiftimavit. Nam non olFercur tiic vapor tenuis ad<br />

medium aerem, ut ibi fiat ros , quia tefte Arill. i. Meceor.io, <strong>in</strong> aicioribus moncibus neque<br />

ros, neque pru<strong>in</strong>a re<strong>per</strong>icur. Caufa aucem hujus rei eft imbecillicas caloris, qui <strong>in</strong> vapora<br />

<strong>in</strong>eft, ccite eodem Ariftjoc. cit. Quarc humiliori <strong>in</strong> loco fieri rorem prol)abiIe eft ; quod<br />

vel h<strong>in</strong>c etiam conftat, quoniam eis, qui itcr nodu faciunt, pedes


152<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Secundus effeftus efl. Aptam mateiiam generandis apibus fuppeditat, hjcenim non<br />

exconcubitu , nequeexputre fadtioneficuti mu(c2e&:pulices,fedexroregenerantur,quem<br />

important <strong>in</strong> fuas cellulas. videPl<strong>in</strong>ium lib.f. c.i6. Pariter &: margaritis gignendis eodem<br />

docentelib. 9. c. 56. materiam idoneam prtebet. Sic &adjuvatmultumros <strong>in</strong>leQ:orum procreationem.<br />

Ovibus vero nocet, nam ros copiofo mixtus falnitro teneris pecudibus <strong>per</strong>iculum<br />

creat, neventrisprofluvio<strong>in</strong>tereant, llnde mos apudPaftores grcgum obt<strong>in</strong>uit, i<br />

ut dum herbas rore madentesvider<strong>in</strong>t, oves non prius pafcuis immittant, quam Sol rorem<br />

abfumpferit.<br />

Tertius efl: , ut fcribit Schroderus , Pharmacop.1. 3. c^. quod aqua roris omnes alias<br />

fubtilitate&: penetratione antecellat , conftetque liquore volatiliori , faleque acriori. Unde<br />

etiam , utPal<strong>in</strong>genefia , five regeneratio plantarum excujusque plantce fem<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong> phiala<br />

vitrea hermctic


Philofophico-Politica. 153<br />

Ouxres tertio, unde cr<strong>in</strong>ita «Schirpida illa pru<strong>in</strong>a, qux hyemali tempore <strong>per</strong> agros &<br />

feoes iDirla pendet , generetur : Relpondeo, fieri illam ex vaponbus tenuibus


154<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

<strong>in</strong>cedat cummalam animam habeat, <strong>per</strong> quam malc videt , Sc peflime audit. Nihil a?que<br />

neceflaiium, nihil magis prohcuum,nihiiuahonoriticuuiReipub.quod illuilriuseamexornet,<br />

6c <strong>in</strong> amplitud<strong>in</strong>em elferat, quamjultu otticiorum didributio, officialiumdelediio. Per<br />

hos Pr<strong>in</strong>ceps agit, communis ftatus vivit. Sit pius Pr<strong>in</strong>ceps , juxta omnem numerum a<br />

Diisfbrmatus; atfimalisfuftenteturM<strong>in</strong>iitrisPolitica: corpuseft pulchrum capite, membris<br />

Xe»oph*n defbrme. Non efl attrtHm fceptrum , i^uod Regnum tuetur , Jed amici jidiRegibus junt tutij/imitm^<br />

<strong>in</strong>Cyrop. maxim/itmjHc Jceptrum-, Inepti Conliliarii, improbi Magiftratus, <strong>in</strong>digni M<strong>in</strong>iftri iappce li<strong>in</strong>t<br />

l,S, regii paludamenti , &: probra proboPr<strong>in</strong>cipi <strong>in</strong>ufta. Solem agitPr<strong>in</strong>ceps, (ijnt {ydera.iu-<br />

lici, 6c a conliliis pofiti: chimericus eIl(Sc abortivus Siderum fenatusiubbonoSoie, fiScor-<br />

pius Planetam agat , fi Mercurius bello prcefidet, fi Mars navigia regit, Sua cuique fedes<br />

competit , quo aptuseft loco refideat. Qui vacum cerebro regit , non ditabit Rempublicam:<br />

neque legibus <strong>in</strong>violatefervandisopemconfiliiamqueadjiciec, quiipfeLegumviolator<br />

peftem moribus alit, Non <strong>per</strong> hoc venenum lcorpius cxuit, quod <strong>in</strong>ter lidera translatus<br />

vSenatorem <strong>in</strong> duodenarioZodiaci agir. Nec <strong>in</strong> Mercurium evafit malt <strong>in</strong>ftruftus truncus,<br />

quilcalprumnonadmifitunquam, licet<strong>in</strong>Honoristemplo collocetur. MunusReip <strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>dignum<br />

translatum , robur addit malitia;, Legibus <strong>per</strong>niciem. Inlpice, quam prtefens icon<br />

objicit, meteori faciem. Ex pluribus unumaSoleattrahiturovum^&quafi<strong>per</strong>gradusafcendit;<br />

aut Ci mavis fceptro pr<strong>in</strong>cipaliafKne eftac<strong>per</strong>amicum. UKum prd relicjms charum, quia<br />

unum prxreliquis dignum, nam rore plcnum, Non, ubi datur vacuum, Solis radius delL-<br />

ciatur: <strong>in</strong>anis ttfta elt, non trahitur. Qu^i rore repletur, hic dignus eft fcandere, quta<br />

Pullus Regis dignus amore. Juvat hic audire , quod <strong>in</strong> Themiftii adoptione Conftantius<br />

Csfar eftjtuseft, Cnm exijllmatio de viro longe laiecjHe dij<strong>per</strong>fa Themifltum philofophum ad noflrat<br />

aures adduxiffet , Im<strong>per</strong>atorij judicii -, atcjue etiam vejiri exiflimavi-, illum fplendidij/imo Patrum Confilio<br />

adfcrihendo , virtmem ejus congruo honore remunerari -, ftmulc\He unum<strong>per</strong> alterum decorare. Ani-<br />

mata- leges funt &viva fimulacra, qui dignitatibusprjelunt, Ita officium viro , vir officio<br />

refpondeat; uthomogenei fibi f<strong>in</strong>t, &anatura fociati. S<strong>in</strong>at fe ofticium aviro tradtavi, ic<br />

n6rit vir ofhcium tradtare. Gladius Scanderbegi f<strong>in</strong>e Caftriots lacertoaciem <strong>per</strong>dit. Optimaartium<br />

<strong>in</strong>ftrumenta nullum <strong>per</strong>ledabuntopuscximium, nifi artiiexadfit, qui gubernare<br />

didicit- Helenxartificium Apellem exigit,i<strong>in</strong>ea rh<strong>in</strong>ima penicillo dudtaParrhalij manum<br />

expettat. IlliadConfiliariiatque Magiftratus officium afcendant, qui iunt ipio Magi-<br />

ftratu meliores & <strong>in</strong> arte Magiftri, Pietate fulgeant, confilio poUeant, ex<strong>per</strong>ientia & juiti-<br />

tia f<strong>in</strong>tcelebres,f<strong>in</strong>t adIabores<strong>in</strong>defeflii,Bonipublici amantes,non fuiStudiofi, fcientiarum<br />

fautores,adardua irn<strong>per</strong>territi, veritatis&taciturnitatislaude confpicui , modeftia


Philofophico-Poiitica. 15*^<br />

em<strong>in</strong>endaqucEdam repaguladet<strong>in</strong>entiamel,ne decidac,onuftas vero ad alvearia pradam afporcare,<br />

ubi <strong>in</strong>veniunt paivas quasdam apiculas, quarum munus eft, exonerareportantes<br />

meli&de<strong>in</strong>deadprxdamremittere. Nonnegotamen,melcaloreapum, dum ei <strong>in</strong>cubant,<br />

aliquomodoalteruri


156<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

dem cedat ; durum vero quafi lapis. Scalig. Exerc. 191. C. i. folidum etiam <strong>in</strong> Calicut, ita ulr<br />

<strong>in</strong> Sportis cont<strong>in</strong>eatur.<br />

Conciufio qu<strong>in</strong>ta. Effeftusmellis vatii funt; Imprimis enim corpus melle illitum , etli<br />

exanirae,<strong>per</strong>multosannosfervariapudred<strong>in</strong>e<strong>in</strong>cokime, Columellatradit. Ideoapudquosdam,<br />

ut autlior efi: Xenophon, mos tiiit, fepelicndi morcuos <strong>in</strong> melle; naiuraeenim terrcae<br />

ciim fit, parteshabetlicciores,qutEhumorem(u<strong>per</strong>fluum, &adfcititium exficcant; aliunde<br />

lentore liio corporu poros ita ftr<strong>in</strong>git &; occupat, ut humido <strong>in</strong>nato vis exhalandi prcecludatur.<br />

Qax ratio facit, quod botri, pruna, caeterique fru6tus melli aut etiam cers liquatie <strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>fti<br />

plurium etiam annoru<strong>in</strong> fpatio <strong>in</strong>noxii&recentes fervencur. Obeandam vim caleiacicndi<br />

&exliccandipituitofismeloptimumeft;abiliofisautem<strong>in</strong>biIem vercicur. LltiliHimum dicitur<br />

contra ferpentis <strong>in</strong>orfum. Codtumconftr<strong>in</strong>gitventrem; crudum folvit. Pravetufta-<br />

te amarefcit, dulcia cnim acefcunt poft partium refolutionem. Panis micamelli<strong>in</strong>jeftaillud<br />

corrumpit, non autem tar<strong>in</strong>a. Zenon pane, ac melle; Pythagoras folo melle vixir,uc<br />

dicitur; Democritum EUtem folo mellis odore vixilfe iabuioliim creditur; ficut fu<strong>per</strong>ftitiofum,qu6d<br />

placentamellitamortuism<strong>in</strong>iftrarecuradpIacandumCerberumjUtnarratSuidas;<br />

fem<strong>per</strong> tamen <strong>in</strong>itio, Sc <strong>in</strong> medio menfte olim mel m<strong>in</strong>iftrabatur.<br />

Quares primo. llnde aureus melli coIor,duIceclo &vifcata tenacitasproveniat. Refpondeo,<br />

quod color ignem, fapormateriam bene cxcodtam, & tenacitas eandem <strong>per</strong>colatam<br />

probec. H<strong>in</strong>c ciim ignemulto conftet, nil mirum, quod flaramam alat.<br />

Quoeres fecundo. Cur mellis <strong>in</strong>fima paislaudetur, cum oleicommendeturfumma,vi-<br />

ni media? Refpondetur, caufam elfe, quia opdmum id mel habetur, quod m<strong>in</strong>us fluit, 6c<br />

quafi (accharum concrelcit, prcccipuam etiam habct dulced<strong>in</strong>em, talevero fuoponderead<br />

ima labitur. At oleum id excellit, quod nitidius eft, & defecatius , magis(^ue aeieum ;<br />

iioc autem, quia leviiis <strong>in</strong>natat. Denique v<strong>in</strong>i vis <strong>in</strong> calore confiftit, qui ut noxamfugiac<br />

maxime colligitur circa medium; <strong>in</strong>fi^rior autem pars fieci vic<strong>in</strong>a (brdelcit, 6c faporem a-<br />

mittit, fummaabaereproxiuiolxditur, nam aerem<strong>in</strong>feftum elfe v<strong>in</strong>o, vel id (atis arguit,<br />

quod dolio pleno v<strong>in</strong>um m<strong>in</strong>us vapefcit, quam femipleno; tum, quod munitum o<strong>per</strong>culis<br />

excr<strong>in</strong>fecus illitis, vel fiibtus terram defoflum, quo aer non <strong>per</strong>c<strong>in</strong>gic, diutiflime conferve-<br />

tur.<br />

Qnxres tertio, Qualenam fuerit illud mel fylveftre, quo D, joannesvefcebatur <strong>in</strong> de-<br />

ferto? Refpondetur, diverfiffimam <strong>in</strong> hoc efle Interpretum fententiam. Rabanus putat,<br />

effearborum fbliacandida, quaetrita manibus faporem quafi mellitum exhibent. Alii vo-<br />

lunt, effehumorem ex arborum fbliis colleflum. Fabercredit, efle illud, quodapes deficientibus<br />

aliis floribuscolligunt exerica, qui trutex aucumni tempore flores emitcic , ciim<br />

reliquae omnes herbx & virgulra dcfloruerunt, eftque idmel, ut (u<strong>per</strong>iusannotavimus,<strong>in</strong>jucundi<br />

faporis. Adquam (ententiamaliquanculum accedicKidorus. Non eftherba, <strong>in</strong>quit,<br />

mcl (ylveftre, fed mel montanum , quod ab agreftibus apibus conficitur, fummdq;<br />

amarumeft, Ex his op<strong>in</strong>ionibus qucenam verifimilior (it, Ledlorum arbitrio reJ<strong>in</strong>quimus<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Peradveria venituradlecunda.<br />

Uclcum quceris ? coiticem frange; neque enimotiolb datur corona , neque mel delibare<br />

dignus eft, qui fel fumerereculat. Dulcia nonmeruft, qui non guftavic amara,<br />

N'Uiileci}-, ad nfnm jectmdorMm <strong>per</strong> adverfa venijfe , fcripfit C. Pl<strong>in</strong>ius fecundus. Apcs ex<br />

amariftlmp thymo mellificium colligunt, atque<strong>in</strong>tra vi(c:era fua examaroredulcifCmumfavu,m<br />

conficiunt, aitPIutarchus, Quia de<strong>in</strong>duftria, dum mellacolligunt, acerbioris fucci<br />

., . ftudiofx fi.<strong>in</strong>t, quafi rationalisnatura: fcholares. De illis enim ri<strong>in</strong>ius fcribit : ^«f^ cwwVe<br />

'"•'• "'alvearia non iritus modo ifid circHmqme^ tfkccis amariaribus ill<strong>in</strong>ere , iisdem f\uo^j fores latiores cir-<br />

'<br />

eumflrncre. Afum cibtts , dum oferantur , & fpfi amari faporis^ Ex amaro (iicco dulcem liquorern<br />

extrahunt ; ncque fuavitatcm colligcrent , nifi <strong>in</strong>amcenis pri.u3 pafcerencur. Ule<br />

7'//«.J/.//,coeIi fiidor, ilia (yderum faliva(fic citatoPI<strong>in</strong>ioIibuic dulce mel<strong>in</strong>digitari) illepurgantis aec.Tz.<br />

ris fuccus, eftamara dulcedo ; delibare dignus non eftmellisfavum, cu<strong>in</strong>onamaricudola-<br />

bia caftigarit, dulcedo fequitur. Miferrimus es , f<strong>in</strong>unquam mifer fuifti. Transegifti f<strong>in</strong>e<br />

adverfario vicam ? nemo fcit quid poffis ; nc tu ip(e quidem. Non fcit a:ftimare fanitatem,<br />

qui nunquam fuit <strong>in</strong>firmus ; quam nohilis fit favus mellis, nefcit, qui nonecontra-<br />

rio fel deguftavit. Nqn eft dignus prcernio, qui nunquam certavic : ftatim arma fubmiccit,<br />

& ad levem jacetimpulfum, quemareijianunquam excrcuit : Siue meritpafcendere, mollcs<br />

Adoni-


Philofophico-Politica. 1^7<br />

Adonides quarrunt. Non eft tua gloria, quam ipfe non pe<strong>per</strong>ifti , ac proprio plantafti fu-<br />

dore. Alteraberis afflante Borea , quia adverlis ventis non aiFucvifti* Dejiciuntur acerbioris<br />

fortisauriiquifem<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>croceis enutriti nunquam cum profligatl fortunamanus conferuere.<br />

Q^os velut <strong>in</strong> lento mari tranquillitas <strong>in</strong>ers fovet, quidquid illis accidcrit , novum<br />

46.<br />

venicr. Glaucum meJlefufFocatum fcribiti¥;neasGa/z.rus. Dulciamovcntbilem, ScCuslvempotum<br />

fequitur amaritiido. Qiui verr) ab <strong>in</strong>amceno hauftu <strong>in</strong>choavit, Mcedo JeijMeiftr.Gaz,. <strong>in</strong><br />

Plerum^ amarn haufltt ad falHtcm vaknt., & fuccis trijlibus ajpnarefoveniHr , ait Symmachus. In- Tlieophr.<br />

Indisiegioquxdamadcoamica cft, utdecidentepluvia madidus fimul&: mellitus xos ^i^u- Symmuth<br />

at, cujusillapfu amar<strong>in</strong>Tmum quodvis geimcn pro <strong>in</strong>natoamaroredulcorem<strong>in</strong>duir. SitIi-//;


158<br />

' <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

fojito ^'& boK& <strong>in</strong>dolls vtros fraSltt impe»f


Philofophico-Politica, 159<br />

degcneraret , (accharo ubi conditum <strong>per</strong> plurcs annos confervari illajfum. Cccteras cura<br />

mellequaiitates communeshabet, (alubrius tamen illotum <strong>in</strong> condiendiscibis,tum <strong>in</strong> medic<strong>in</strong>is<br />

tem<strong>per</strong>andis. Memoratur etiam, quod cannis, dquibus(accharumdecoquitur,adeo<br />

tenerelcantporci, utcaponibus teneriores reddantur, quodhauddubiovicaleta(i;tivae,(Sc<br />

rreJIifluce relicla: <strong>in</strong> illis humiditati ac p<strong>in</strong>gued<strong>in</strong>i atcribuendum.<br />

Quaercs lecundo lltrum antiquis notum fuerit (accharum ? Refpondeo affirmativd^<br />

quoad notitiam hujus fubrtantijE ; Pl<strong>in</strong>ius enim lib. 12. c. 8. lic loquitur : Saccharum Sc Arabia<br />

lert, led hidia laudatius ; eft autem mel <strong>in</strong> arund<strong>in</strong>ibus coliedhim gummium modo<br />

candidura, dentibus frangibile. EtSenecaep. 8i.aiunt,<strong>in</strong>quit, apud Indosmcl <strong>in</strong>veniri irt<br />

arund<strong>in</strong>um foliis,quod aut ros illius coeli, aut iplius arund<strong>in</strong>is humor dulcis &c p<strong>in</strong>guiseft.<br />

Megaftenes etiam Indiam afTerit, ferrc <strong>in</strong> arund<strong>in</strong>ibus mel f<strong>in</strong>eapibus. Ex quibusfatiscon-<br />

Ibtj<strong>in</strong>audifTf veteres multa de laccharo.<br />

Qusres tertio, an etiam illis tuerit notum artificium exprimendi faccharum exarund<strong>in</strong>ibus<strong>in</strong>molend<strong>in</strong>o<br />

,<strong>in</strong>quoteruntur canna:,cujusmodiefl apudnos. Relpondeo probabi-<br />

liter negative. llnde habcbantfolum aliquas


i6o <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Se». con- OdavianumSeneca commendat. Omnium domos ilUus viglUa defendit. Ex quo fe Gt/ar orh<br />

fel.adPo-^^^^'""'*"^ i^o^f^i^ravit t Jihi eriptiit , & fidei-Hm modo ^ (]m irrecjtiieta fimftr curfus fitos ex^cant-<br />

Ijbium e. »f*»^ftam illi licet vel jHhfificre, Paftoris munus qui fubis, <strong>in</strong>commoda fufcipis , aliis cubant»<br />

PlHt.<br />

bel. adv.<br />

Dncem<br />

fm<strong>per</strong>itH.<br />

47.<br />

W.4-7-<br />

IIbus, <strong>in</strong> cubi!i vigiles, tuorumque fbmno profpiciens Epam<strong>in</strong>ondam agas : tUe enim dormitn-<br />

Laert. l.i. Indis, Celtis, iEgyptiis , qui <strong>in</strong>fomnes pro grege vigilant, maturd confiilunt. ProfeSto vt-<br />

j€,lian,l.2<br />

C.31.<br />

tl<strong>in</strong>ius <strong>in</strong><br />

praf ad<br />

Fefiaf.<br />

Jldanritd<br />

lib. de re-<br />

tibus eivibtis lnFlrabat nrbcm , & muros vi^l obambHlms agebat excHbias. Petenti , cnr id fact^<br />

ret , reffondit t ut c£teri <strong>in</strong> utramqHe aurem dormirent. Derifit antiquitas Epimenidem , qui<br />

qu<strong>in</strong>quagefimamSolis orbitam fertur dormivifTe. atDeorum numero digni cenfebantur ab<br />

ta vigilia efl : eelebris fententia eftC.Pl<strong>in</strong>ii fecundi. Vivere eft agere ; qui ergo fomno <strong>in</strong>-<br />

dulget, viveredef<strong>in</strong>it, namceffat agere. Aurea malaHef<strong>per</strong>idum Draco vigilans cuftodit;<br />

ubi excitati Confiliarii excubant , aurea tempora redeunt. Unde Ini<strong>per</strong>ator Mauritius <strong>in</strong><br />

ftratego fuo requirit : Modice vivere & de no^e confdium ca<strong>per</strong>e ; de noSle enim & certiusfilct pre-<br />

venireconfilium^ cjuiefcentementea tHmultibus externis. Non caretaculeoTarqu<strong>in</strong>iifaftum. SextUS<br />

Tarqu<strong>in</strong>ius ad Patrem Tarqu<strong>in</strong>ium nuntium mittit , quid fadu opus , ut Gabios <strong>in</strong> ofKcio con-<br />

i. firateg. t<strong>in</strong>eret ? Nihil loquendo , multa refpondit Tarqu<strong>in</strong>ius. Rex velut deUherabundHs <strong>in</strong> hortum ttdi-<br />

Liv. l. t. um tranftt -^ficjHente nuntio filij ; ibi ambnlans tacitusfummapapaveris capita dicitur baculo \decuffiffe. So-<br />

dec. I. mni conciiiatrix papaver eft : non fijnt apta Reipubl. <strong>in</strong>flrumenta, quibus fomno caput eft gra»<br />

^<strong>in</strong>ejius ve. Qni vigilare j & <strong>in</strong> maximo filicitud<strong>in</strong>Hm curfu verfirifuH<strong>in</strong>et hic <strong>in</strong>genere quidem<br />

-f<br />

& no.<br />

oviHmPaflor^ <strong>in</strong> hom<strong>in</strong>um ver»genereRexeH,<br />

-^g«*"-«^§s^-<br />

QUM-


Philofophico-PolKica. l6l<br />

4'.'^ cYi ffi - • » 4\ - 1<br />

•<br />

•<br />

• s^ ?! i<br />

• .«Y' 'i^* Q '* *^'*<br />

• «i^ 'X*'*!'' ft*^'''^ vl.*^X' ^i**'''* 5C^^'^X* '%C**X'''*X* *X*"*A*<br />

T r :;;:•';;' r ; i < s • • • : 5 i ; ! < • i : i s ; ! l<br />

DISSERTATIO VIII<br />

De Meteoris Aqueis <strong>in</strong> tcrra, & primo <strong>in</strong> Ipecie<br />

de Mari.<br />

A Quea meteora <strong>in</strong> aere genira hucusque fat diu & fufe funt expofita; tem-<br />

-**-pusmonet,ut & ad ea,qua<strong>in</strong>tra terram generantur, defcendamus , cujusmodi<br />

ex fententia Ariilotelis ell tum mare, tumflum<strong>in</strong>a , tum fontes , lacus,<br />

Therma;, &:iimiUa aquarumprodigia. Et<strong>in</strong>hac quidem diflertationedicendum<br />

foliim efl dc mari , pro quo fit igitur<br />

QUiESTlO I.<br />

1)e qHtdditate ':::^aris y ejusque divtftone ^<br />

^5^<br />

nom<strong>in</strong>ibHS,<br />

Onclufio prima. Maie non efl lachryma Saturni , ut docuenmt Pythagorici,<br />

'" nec cernt fudorjUt voluicAnaxagoras & Empedoclcs, nec eft animal ab ignibus<br />

arduans fubterraneis , & magno fudore difFufum, uc f<strong>in</strong>xit Kcplerus , nec<br />

placet op<strong>in</strong>io Diogenis arbirrantis omnem locum , qui tcrram ambit , pr<strong>in</strong>ci-<br />

,pio humidum fuiMe , &:aquu replecum , tum Solis ardore exficcatum , plurimam<br />

ejuspartem <strong>in</strong> vaporem abi<strong>in</strong>e; eam vero , qua: remanfit , mare conftituere , itaque<br />

mar<strong>in</strong>am aquam prima: humiditacisreliquias elfe. Ratio conclufionis eft , quia ex tetmi-<br />

nis iptispacec hcec figmenta efTe.<br />

Conclufio fecunda. Mare eft elementum ipfum aquar , ab <strong>in</strong>itio <strong>in</strong> unum terrxlatus<br />

fcparatum. Explicatur mare <strong>in</strong>iplo munu<strong>in</strong>afccntis exordio tiiifteaDeo produftum ; ita<br />

tamen utprimototamterrsemolemundiquc complcxum flierit; de<strong>in</strong>detertiocreationis rerum<br />

die div<strong>in</strong>oim<strong>per</strong>io<strong>in</strong>eumlocum, quem nunchabet,feceflait. Exquopatet,caufam<br />

maccrialem maris elfeaquas condicas a Deo ab <strong>in</strong>itio mundi,quibus cciam acccdunt fluvii,tbntes&rtum<strong>in</strong>a,namomniaflum<strong>in</strong>aexeuntd<br />

mnri; »1' licet alii amnes ab aliis excipiantur , o-<br />

mnestamencandem<strong>in</strong>mare<strong>in</strong>fluunc, quodipfum Eccleliaftesi. c.affirmat,dicens: omniafltt'<br />

m<strong>in</strong>a <strong>in</strong> rriAre <strong>in</strong>trant : & mare non rediDulat. Caula efficicns , qu2e illud <strong>in</strong> unum collegit lo-<br />

cum, eft DeuS. Hicenim, utGcn.i. dicitur,^«//> omnem aqnam^ fjut eratfitb firmamenh), coU<br />

lioi <strong>in</strong>unumlocnm-j &apfellavit eam acjuarum conff^egationem maria, Forma ejus nulla eft alia»<br />

quam hxcaquarumcongregatio, <strong>per</strong>pecuia.'ftiis alteratione, &-flu(a:uum agitatione terrara<br />

puKansnec tamcneamobruens, fed <strong>in</strong>terpra:f<strong>in</strong>itosterm<strong>in</strong>os fc cont<strong>in</strong>ens.<br />

Oppones illud Gen. 2. cap. No» enim pluerat Dom<strong>in</strong>us ftt<strong>per</strong> terram , & homo rton erat , qui<br />

c<strong>per</strong>aretur terram , fid fons afcendehate terra, irrigans Mniverfam fu<strong>per</strong>ficiem terrs. Ex quo <strong>in</strong>fc»-<br />

res, ergo mare ex aliquoiijbterrancoterrxtbntc crumpit. Veru<strong>in</strong> refpondetur, hunc textum<br />

lic <strong>in</strong>telligendum elfe, antequam coeleftcs pluvice terram humedtarent , earum vice fontcs^ternE<br />

(<strong>in</strong>udiverlistradibusvenisque diftributos , ac fuis locis exfilientes omnem terrx<br />

fu<strong>per</strong>ficiem, prout cuique parti conveniebat , irrigalTe. Ita <strong>in</strong>terpretatur hunc locum D.<br />

Auguft. Raban. & Hugon.<br />

Conclufio terria. Etfi proprid unum tantum eft mare , cum Deus , ut diftum efli<br />

aquas <strong>in</strong>unum coegerit locum, &;hancaquarum collcaionemappellaveritmaria ; attamen<br />

ficut unus & idem languis tocius corporibus varie <strong>per</strong> venas & arcerias dedudlus alibi alias<br />

forticur apellacioncs, ita etiam aqucE maris communis cft natura , quce cum <strong>per</strong> occultos tcrra:<br />

meatus atque canalcs <strong>in</strong>omncs totius terra-partes decurrit, peculiaria conftituit maria. Di*<br />

viditur celeberriml divifione <strong>in</strong> Occanum, mare Mediterraneum , Rubrum, Perficum Sc<br />

Calpium.<br />

Oceanus dicicur a celeritatc mctus, eo, quod vehementi,celeriq;motu hue illucve agite.


l62<br />

Mcceorologia<br />

tur, ajcu^enim celer eft. Hic totam <strong>per</strong> circuitum cerram <strong>in</strong>ftar magni & latiflimi circuli<br />

ambit, efficicque ut terra (lipra&<strong>in</strong>fra fitaquis!:efta,idqueexDei juli"u,cumad<strong>per</strong>fe£l:ionem&;<br />

ornatum univer(i,tum <strong>in</strong> plantarum , tum <strong>in</strong>animantium uiiim. Hicproutpoftea<br />

varias mundi plagas&Regiones oberrat,varia<strong>in</strong>denom<strong>in</strong>a forticuseft. Ac primo quatuor<br />

appellationes,exquatuor mundiRegionibusaccepit. Ab orienteEousdicicur,aboccidente<br />

Occiduus , a Meridie Nocius , five Noricus , a Septentrione Septentrionaiis. Secundo<br />

prout de<strong>in</strong>de quamqueregionem <strong>per</strong>fundit, diverla aliccoribus fuis craxicvocabula. H<strong>in</strong>c<br />

yEchiopicusAtlanticus, Scychicus,Bricannicus,Germanicus, Galiicus didus.<br />

MarcMedicerrancum illud vocatur,quod ex oceano erumpens, <strong>per</strong>mediasterrasdif-<br />

funditur, & Europam abAIirica difterm<strong>in</strong>at, diftribuiturque <strong>in</strong>multa maria, Ibericum, Balearicum,Ligufticum,G3llicum<br />


Philofophico- Politica<br />

Sultano equum fefTuro reabellum fuic. At ranftus hic faftus & laudabilis fu<strong>per</strong>bia cft ; <strong>in</strong>- Tyrtnt<br />

firarebeilu<strong>in</strong>osmotus habere, &<strong>in</strong>domitisdom<strong>in</strong>ariafFeftibus, fra:naponerepallionibus; \-Antiflesl,<br />

pla vitia calcare. Vides maris Deum oceano legcs didare,flu6tibus limices ponere,calcarepro-/. helliSa-<br />

48.<br />

cellas, mar<strong>in</strong>isbeiluis habenas <strong>in</strong>jicere; Quid mirum? Deus efl , xquora frsenat. At quid<br />

homo^ Platonicum efl&tum erat: CogKofctndum cfl hom<strong>in</strong>i^fe effe ex j^enere Deorum. Diftator<br />

ergo bclluarum fit, feras cicuret. Antiqua hom<strong>in</strong>is laus e(t a Trismegifto enunciata:<br />

Terrenus aitidtm homo eft Deui qMidam mortAlis : c&leflis vero Deus efl homo immortalis : At Deorum<br />

annon eft dom<strong>in</strong>ari? annon lcgesponere, diftare jura, fceptra rotare^ crgo quantum^'- ^^<br />

Deofimilior es quantumquebrutis prxftas, tantumbrutalibusprxfis afFe6iionibus,dom<strong>in</strong>a-«'i«''^A


164<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

potamuseft, v<strong>in</strong>didacephaluseft ; animiprocclla5excitant,naufragiam<strong>in</strong>antur. Hac qui<br />

pallTonummonftraclomathoftem v<strong>in</strong>citmaximum. Adeoverum dixit facundiflimus Roma-<br />

norum : Animnmv<strong>in</strong>cere -, iracundiam cohiherefertijjimiefl. Haccjuifacit-, nonmodoeum egojtimmh<br />

Ciceropro i/iris comparo , fedjimillimum Deojadico. Prxftantillimus videri poftet Sefoftris Regis ^Egypti tri-<br />

/T-/


Philofophico-Politica. 165<br />

Conclufio tertia. Credibile eft , quod Author naturcc Deus ab ipfomundi exordio,<br />

quandotertiodie congrcgavit aquas<strong>in</strong> locumunum, toti aquce fal liquidum admifcucrit ad<br />

pifcium vitam , & contra putred<strong>in</strong>em aqusc. Ratio efl: , quia ex admiitione illius corporis<br />

aquaht (aUa,qu6d ciim feparatur, evadit <strong>in</strong>iipida. De<strong>in</strong>dequiaex aqua maris verus (al ex-<br />

trahitur, dum <strong>in</strong> quibusdam littoribus xftivo tempore maris aqua <strong>in</strong> planiticm aliquam latd<br />

funditur,&ret<strong>in</strong>etur, tuncenimSoliscabreevaporatur aqua,


166 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

a mat<strong>in</strong>a aqua fequentia : primo, fimt qui fpongiam nditam mar<strong>in</strong>JE immergi volunt , qusc<br />

ubi femel codla fijerit, omnem a (pongia falem attrahendum (jjondent , qux &c coquorura<br />

obfervatio eft, quipiici lalem exempturi, illum <strong>in</strong> aqua pilce plus (alita coquunt, a c6pio(i-<br />

ori falem<strong>in</strong>oremattraliendumexiftimantes; Aliil<strong>in</strong>tco tiiticeamfar<strong>in</strong>amiliigant, qua: mari-<br />

n£e immerla; falem attrahit. Sunt&alia, quce (.ilem conftr<strong>in</strong>gunt , ut ad lundum fublidat,<br />

fic alumenlixivio <strong>in</strong>jeftum (alem adimum trahit.<br />

Quseres feptimo. Curfalla fitim excitent J Refpondeo, fieri hoc ex co, quia faliedo<br />

fundum ventriculi petit, ubifubfidens concrefcit,adquamdiIuendamappetitumhumidi naturaexcitat,<br />

&nifi humidumaffundatur, omnes natursehumiditatesad (alem difTolvendum<br />

attrahit, ideo guttur & faucesfiti ex(iccantur.<br />

CoIIiges primo. Veri(4mile eflie, maris falfug<strong>in</strong>em non ab una falis fpecie promanare,<br />

fedpIuresiiEpeconcurrereadeoutvitrioIum , nitrum, alumen , &: bitumen multum conferant<br />

ad majorem <strong>in</strong>uno, quam alio maritimo tra£tu falfed<strong>in</strong>em <strong>in</strong>ducendam. Ita proptcr<br />

bitum<strong>in</strong>iscopiam <strong>in</strong> mariAfphalticofivemortuoaqux falfiffimce com<strong>per</strong>iuntur.<br />

Colliges fecundo , aquam mar<strong>in</strong>am tum ob faKed<strong>in</strong>em, tum ob crafiam Sc vifcidam fuam<br />

<strong>in</strong>de natam denfitatem , quibus imbutaeft, <strong>in</strong>eptamplaneefl^elavandisl<strong>in</strong>teis , Sc ext<strong>in</strong>guendis<br />

ignibus. Sic mare ipfumaIiquandoarfifl"e teftaturLivius decad.5!.lib.5i.& Theophane<br />

teft«apud Baren.tom.9. annoChrifti726,2ftivotemporevapor, ut ex cam<strong>in</strong>oignisvifusefl<br />

ebullire <strong>in</strong>ter Theram & Therafiam Infulas exprofl<strong>in</strong>do maris<strong>per</strong>aliquot dies , qui paulatim<br />

<strong>in</strong>craflato& dilatato igniti seftus <strong>in</strong>cendio totus fumus igneusmonftrabatur,<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

PrudentiaE fal ailionum eft condimentum.<br />

M S.l.H, Xr,.rr^ ix^<br />

Tul


:<br />

Philofophico-Politica. 167<br />

TUllium loquor: prudentia optima vitxmagiftraeft, confiliorum pvarceptrix,aftionum Ckero,<br />

£>ubernatrix , felicitatis procreatrix , ommum denique virtutum Dux &: moderatrix. /'/j/


i68<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

<strong>in</strong>quantum tota moles navis levior efl: , quam molesiEqualis aquse, poteftvero cont<strong>in</strong>gcre,<br />

utmolesnavis, qua; levior eft aqua mar<strong>in</strong>li ejusdem molis, non fit levior aqua'fluviali , ergo<br />

tunc fubmergetur. Maris vero hax gravitas oritur ex denfitate, cum gravitas major ex<br />

majori denficate fequatur. Ex quo habes unam &c alteram maris proprietatem de gravitate<br />

explanatam.<br />

Conclufio fecunda. Mare licet denfius 6c gravius fit aqua dulci, <strong>per</strong>fpicuatamen eft,<br />

quod <strong>in</strong>de patet , quia <strong>in</strong>terdum ad magnam protunditatem fundus maris videtur, quod haud<br />

dubio magnampcrfpicuitatem<strong>in</strong>dicat. H<strong>in</strong>cmarmorappeIlatur,marmorvitreumob den..<br />

fitatemfcilicet&:<strong>per</strong>fpicuitatem,ade6enimilliusaqux quibusdam<strong>in</strong>locis clarae funt&: limpidiE,<br />

ut fontanas quasvis limpiditatefu<strong>per</strong>are foleant. Circa Infu!amT«r«/j/e, qua; unaeft<br />

exMoluccis, Davitusde mundo, tom.i.tradit, omnium aliarum aquarum mar<strong>in</strong>arum clarifl^mamrepcriri,<br />

utad fummamillic profunditatem<strong>in</strong>jedae ad fundum anchor3E,uti&: mi-<br />

nutaillic arenaoptime difcerni poflit, ubi tamenvalde profl<strong>in</strong>dum eftmare, radiifolaresad<br />

fundum usquecolluftrare haudvalent, ficut teftaturKircherus <strong>in</strong>arte niagn,Lum.&: umb.<br />

lib.T. p.i. c.5. fe ab eximiis ur<strong>in</strong>atoribus, mancipiisTurcicisaudivifl^e, qui <strong>in</strong> mari Erythraeo<br />

unionibus corallisque <strong>in</strong>veniendis multis annis o<strong>per</strong>am i<strong>in</strong>penderunt,quod ad certam tantum<br />

profunditatemSolaris lux marepenetrarefoleat, ubiveroaltiflimum firfrecum,fLjndunif<strong>in</strong>e<br />

uUo lucis veftigio <strong>in</strong> peipetuis tenebris rel<strong>in</strong>qui ; quarum racionem aliam non efTe cenfet idem<br />

Kircherus,quam multiplicium fu<strong>per</strong>ficierum conftipationem.<br />

Conclufio tertia. Diverfis mare coloribus t<strong>in</strong>gicur non tamen veris , 6c t miftura primarumqualitatumgenitis,<br />

fedapparentibuitantum; viriditas enim ejusoriturex diverfa reflexione<br />

lucis <strong>in</strong> opaco & <strong>per</strong>fpicuo , fubruffjs cofbr nafcicurex bituni<strong>in</strong>e,nitro, & alumioe,<br />

quiavelmarilubfunt, vel ei funt admixta, aut etiam ex arena rubra, ut <strong>in</strong> prima qua:ftione<br />

annotavimus. Similiterdifcurrendumdecolorealbo tk nigro,quietiameprofunditatemagna<br />

maris oriri poteft. AudiamushacderepulchrephilofophantemCardanumiib.io.deSubtil.<br />

Adeo, <strong>in</strong>quit,magnumcftaquarumdi(crimen<strong>in</strong> mari,ucjuxtalndiam <strong>in</strong>yEthiopice^ri?.<br />

iio pafTum millibus fere trecentis albefcat, ut lac; alibicoeruleumfit , alibi nigrum, aiibi vi-<br />

ride. Album eft,cum arena alba fubeft mari m<strong>in</strong>ime proflmdo^viride cum mediocris fuelit<br />

profunditatis , coeruleiimque ciim magna:,moveturque ; fed ii cjuielcat, color fit argenteus,<br />

ita Cardanus. Obtervatum etiam eft a<strong>per</strong>itiflimis rerum Philofopliis, utait Au. Gel-<br />

JiusNoQ:.Accic.l.2.c.50. Auftris fpirancibus marefieriglaucum& cceruleum, Aquilonibus<br />

obfcurum acriusque, temporeCaniculcEturbidum. Undecolliges,adapparentemcolorum<br />

mar<strong>in</strong>orum divqrfitatem multum etia<strong>in</strong> conferre ventorum magis vel m<strong>in</strong>us fkvientium di-<br />

verfitatem. Muitum etiam ad hanc conducuntSolis radii , qui maris penetrant <strong>in</strong>teriora,<br />

crafliorcsque partesconimovent , non ablumunt. Qui mar<strong>in</strong>is tempeltaribus firequenter<br />

funtja(3:ati,tcltanturmarepei-tempeftatem commotam apparere velutmetallumignitum&:<br />

fufum; (imilitermanus eodem t<strong>in</strong>ftasvideri ignitas, quod hauddubiobitum<strong>in</strong>ofis&nitro-<br />

fis exhalationibus, quse tunc copiofius afcendunt, adfcribendum. Ex his rationem pro fequentibus<br />

deduces:<br />

Primo ad Americanam quandam Prov<strong>in</strong>ciam Chiribichi mare f<strong>in</strong>gulis annis fangu<strong>in</strong>is <strong>in</strong>.i<br />

flar rubere folet; quocirca & mare (angu<strong>in</strong>eum appellariconfuevit, ut memoratNieremb.<br />

1. 1, Hift. Nat. c. 27. volunt autem <strong>in</strong>coljE ab <strong>in</strong>numeris pifcium ovis, ibi generatis, hanc rubed<strong>in</strong>emortum<br />

uahere. Idem accidiE <strong>in</strong> InlulaCabaqua, quod oftreis adlcribitur, oftrece enim<br />

paflim fundunt fangu<strong>in</strong>em.<br />

S£Cund6,maremortuumalentore & Afphalcicum a bitum<strong>in</strong>e fic didum, Jofepho tefte,<br />

terdedie colorem fuummutaredicitur: mancequidematro,admeridiemcoeruleo,vef<strong>per</strong>irubeo<strong>in</strong>fectum<br />

colore confpicitur.<br />

Tertia Mare, quod Band<strong>in</strong>M iKfulas 50. milliaribus verfus ortum diflitas circumfluit,<br />

quotannis bis, Julionempe&Auguftonoduadeo candelcit, utnivis<strong>in</strong>ftar fplendefcatr<strong>in</strong>-<br />

terdiu vero confuetumcum aliisaquis mar<strong>in</strong>iscoloremhabet. Maretuncnoxioaliquohuanore<strong>in</strong>fici<br />

creditur. VideEphemer.Natur.CuiioCGerm.Decur,2. Annii. obferv.22.<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Gaudet oneribus Politicus.<br />

LAtoshumerosmare habet, portantem portat.<br />

Oneribus gravatur navigium, orientis<br />

merces<strong>in</strong> occidentemcransfert ;onui cftleve, gaudetgravari, oneratum felicius <strong>per</strong>git<br />

, neque oneri fuccumbitj Par cft ferendo, Et mare cot clafllbus on«ratum , <strong>per</strong>petuo<br />

COHl-


Philofophico-Politica. 169<br />

commcatitium navium pondeiiexpofitum, terga praebet, diunusno3:u<strong>in</strong>isqueoneribus fc<br />

fubmittit<br />

: Par eft terendo. ItA vir genercfus Ubores putat maxfmes Jitos Antagoiiiflas , lemfey(iHt<br />

lum his fugnare , tam noUu , qttuim <strong>in</strong>terdii* : nan pro afii , ^aetvadmodufn mHiieres-,<br />

«fij.w fro Oleaflro , Mttf f<strong>in</strong>u , fid pro felicitat; atttvirtute prr iotam vitam, Ntn vero fum , ejttum EUt<br />

prtdixer<strong>in</strong>t , attt Cor<strong>in</strong>thii , aut 'fhfjfjfcrum cornmunitas , c^uam non reformidat , fid tdtro provo-<br />

cahit omnes ex ord<strong>in</strong>e , & ftmilia nunc^ttam exiflimabit fibi gravia , fed valde levia. Verba au-<br />

diiQi Ethnici ex fchola virtutis declamata, Dionis Chryfoftomi. InfatiabiJis eft humanus Dion.<br />

animus, quifiAlexandri fit, ficutunusei non fufficitorbis, fic nondeficit ad onus. Labo-Chr^f<br />

ribus obviat, adqua:visarduadextram eximit, nec f<strong>in</strong>iftris opprimitur. Plura potes, quamor^j/.x,<br />

piites: quJE amara & ardua videntur onera , tentata dulcefcent. Quis credidilfet, Atlantis<br />

colla coelo non opprimi? Quis tantam portandi virtutem liquido elemento <strong>in</strong>natam putSf'<br />

fet? Ex<strong>per</strong>imentum eft, quodnontantumob[erat,(ed&:devorat. Animos aftume, &qu3:<br />

crandia vidcntur , grandioreauRi fufcipe. £/? fortitud<strong>in</strong>is proprium-, & magnitud<strong>in</strong>is animi , ni-<br />

hil extimcfeere , omnia humana defpiare , nihil cjuod hom<strong>in</strong>i accidere poffit , <strong>in</strong>tolerandttm putare.<br />

Ciccro. Armisanimusprsvalet, quirefoluta menteopus aggreditur,jam medium confe-<br />

cit. Supplet virium dcteclum animi fortitudo , &c crefcit robur <strong>in</strong> ipfi rerum difficultatc, Cic.l. 3.<br />

utcervis fruftra funt<strong>in</strong>gentia cornua,cum defit animus, (Scad fijgam f<strong>in</strong>tproni; ita necju-oj^c.<br />

vantMiIonislacerti,necAtIantishumen, ubimens fatifcit. Jacent Gigantes , (iNani funt<br />

<strong>in</strong>peftore. Tanta cujusque funt bona vel mala-, c^uantus eji animus-, (jui ea fitjl<strong>in</strong>et. Cic. Telo a«<br />

nimus prjcftantior omni. Nil profL<strong>in</strong>t munimenta, ubi dcfunt genero(brum (pirituum fbmenta.<br />

Fortitudo non <strong>in</strong> corpore, aut annis , fed animislocavit fedem. Magis <strong>in</strong> ferendo,quam<br />

feriendo pofita eft. Neque fiigit, quar gravia videntur onera, fed ultro obviat,<br />

quia par eft f crendo, Audentes fortuna juvat. Eratque Scipionis Africani <strong>in</strong> arena confilium<br />

cum dubiu pugnandum alca fbret : Audendum , at^ azendum. Nam : FortunavtrtMtemfe-f^rg.l.i9.<br />

qui/Mr. Sxpe quodviribus impaividetur,levifrimumfitaudendo,<br />

Y<br />

Turpiseftluiipfius dif--^«.w^<br />

fiden-^*^.<br />

,


.<br />

170 Mete.orologia<br />

fidentia, cum quodarteriis Sc artubus natura negavit , arte& <strong>in</strong>duftria afTequimur. NM<br />

' ' ^^' ' aHdemibus ejl <strong>in</strong>expugnabik , nihilpitis munitum adverfks animofos. Namfortuna cirm henignafemel arri-<br />

^^"<br />

. ferit .,audentesfecHMdo<br />

, fajf» ftibfecjnitur, Senecteverfii pro lymbolo uliiseftC. juniusPofthumus<br />

euarc . im<strong>per</strong>ator. Fortunafortes metuh-, ignavos fremit. Immanis feraadlatratum canum lentarefpi-<br />

cit,irritus<strong>in</strong>gentifcopuloflu6lui;airultat,ad catelli lurum Leo non moveair,ad decumanos<br />

fluctus petra non f rangitur. Sic animo generofo , fortitud<strong>in</strong>is lorica armato, non nocent vitcc<br />

tempeftates ; nulla <strong>in</strong> cum cadit <strong>in</strong>juria •, <strong>in</strong>vu<strong>in</strong>erabilis eft , lic^t multa <strong>in</strong> eum tela conjicU<br />

antur ; laboribus non premicur , quia appetit ; tunc maximus ciam fe illi fortuna appofuit ; exer-<br />

cicus dolorum & malorum non timet, quhparejiferendo. Ecenim audere is mihi redte videtur,<br />

qui nihil temere pra;fumit, nec ignave rejicit. Magnanimitatem moderatam effe debere , di.<br />

„ ccbat Alphonfus.^ Caro Carolo Burgundo ftetit, Audacem plus tequo fuiire, at Carolo V.For-<br />

/ ^'c '^/'^""^'"''''^'^^neqMehom<strong>in</strong>es<br />

^^(""'' Nolim hic Miltiades &Themiftocles, LucuIlos& Alexandros Magnos profi^rre. Id,<br />

'•rh-<br />

Bi..TcJt!.<br />

quodFuIviusTefti<strong>in</strong>AuftriaciHifpaniarumRegislaudemconvertit^detotaAuguftiflimaDo-<br />

Cant, 1<br />

Jnd. Co«.<br />

T QU^STIO IV.<br />

T)e CttH ifrofunditate i amplitud<strong>in</strong>e ^ communicatione<br />

moAuftriacoenunciaripoteft, Atlantisccelofliccollantisfymbolum: Excedit robore fondus,<br />

marium, ac nonnullis alils quiejitis,<br />

COnclufio prima. Mare non eft terra altius , fed depreflius. Ratio <strong>in</strong>de deducitur , quod<br />

omnia flum<strong>in</strong>a <strong>in</strong> mare tandem fele exonerenr. Defluunt porto ad humiliora , atque<br />

iptbrum alvei ita verfus caput & locum orig<strong>in</strong>aiem afcendunt , ut <strong>in</strong> paucorum<br />

milliarium <strong>in</strong>cervallo multis centenis pedibus fiepealtiores f<strong>in</strong>t. Nec hoc mirum attenta geometricaproprietate<br />

<strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>ationis, fecundum quamcertumeft, utDeikennis <strong>in</strong>o<strong>per</strong>ej. diei '<br />

computat, fi 100, V. g. pedes <strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>aiionisdent unum digitum deprefTionis <strong>in</strong> term<strong>in</strong>o plani<br />

<strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>ati, unum milliareltalicum, ideftfoo.pedumdabuntdigitosqu<strong>in</strong>genros, feupedesf,<br />

Ind<strong>in</strong>atioporro iftaadmodumparva eft, &angu!i<strong>per</strong>exigui,vixque fenfibilis, fi vifijs conftilatur<br />

, <strong>in</strong> hac tandlla 20. milliaria Italica , id eft feptem circiter leucs Belgica; it<strong>in</strong>eris dabunt<br />

tiifFerentiam altitud<strong>in</strong>ispedum 100.<br />

Dices: Littora navigantibuslongedepreflioraapparent, ergo fignum eft, hismareefTe<br />

alcius. Refpondec P. Adalbertus Tylkovvski Phyl^ part. 3. de Mcteor, c. i. &c caufam <strong>in</strong> nigred<strong>in</strong>em<br />

conjicit ; quod nempe littoranigra f<strong>in</strong>t , aqua vero maris fubalbida , aut fubviridis;<br />

huic verocoloricompolita nigredof<strong>in</strong>git depreffionem.<br />

Conclulio 2. Maris profunditas <strong>in</strong>certa eft. Baptifta Benedidtus ejus profunditatem exWn- i<br />

ditad milliare tantum dimidium Italic. Prifcianusadiy, ftadia , qua: nondum conficiuntu- '<br />

nummilliaveGermanicum^utaccepitaJuIiiCxfliris exploratoribus , alii ad ^o.ftadia. Soli»<br />

nus vcro vulcillud<strong>in</strong>muItislocisirn<strong>per</strong>lcrutabile;quodidemaffirmantPl<strong>in</strong>ius&OlausM.af^<br />

fcrentes, <strong>in</strong> Norvvegia non pofle luflncere f unem <strong>in</strong> explorando fimdo, etfi totam navim occu-<br />

paric, Circalnlijlasquoquemarispacifici nullabolideafTequifundum potueruntHollandi. '<br />

Naut£ noftrx"n;tatisteftanturex<strong>per</strong>imentisedodi,mare communiter extra vortices «Sc abyffos<br />

duo milliaria& dimidium vix fefe protendere.<br />

Conclufio^. Ampliuidomarispariteretiamnum <strong>in</strong>certa eft. JuliusScalig.exerc.^g-^ totiusglobiterraqueilij<strong>per</strong>fitieduaspartestribuit<br />

aquce; PiccoIom<strong>in</strong>iusplusterrcE,quam aquac<br />

adjudicat ; Bod<strong>in</strong>us pares elemento ucrique attribuit lu<strong>per</strong>ficies ; ex quibus hoc ipfo patet ejus<br />

amplitud<strong>in</strong>em certam nondum deteftam efl"e ex <strong>in</strong>appis generalibus,quantumvis accurate de-<br />

l<strong>in</strong>eatis.<br />

Conclufio 4. Fundus maris <strong>in</strong>squali conftat fu<strong>per</strong>ficie,quemadmodum enim terrse fpatium<br />

&:circulus<strong>in</strong>cEqualiterjamexlurgit<strong>in</strong> montes majores vel m<strong>in</strong>ores,jamdeprimitur<strong>in</strong>valles,<br />

jamexcurrit<strong>in</strong> prata,jam<strong>in</strong>tumefcit<strong>in</strong>fyivas&ejusmodifimilia;itahisaflnnia etiam <strong>in</strong> fubmar<strong>in</strong>a<br />

fu<strong>per</strong>ficiere<strong>per</strong>iuntur, ut funtfcopuli, fylvs, prata, utficfundus illiushaud fecusac<br />

terrx fcabrofus &c <strong>in</strong> xqualis obfervetur. Ita <strong>in</strong> mari Siculo ^xo^eDrepanum , <strong>in</strong> Gallico pro-<br />

\)^Telonem., <strong>in</strong>LigufticiOceani oris circaMajoricam fylvcE fubmar<strong>in</strong>xCorall<strong>in</strong>ae admirandi<br />

Naturae <strong>in</strong>duftria conftrudce re<strong>per</strong>iuntur. Prata pariter fubmar<strong>in</strong>a variis <strong>in</strong> tradibus Oceani<br />

obfervari docetKircherus<strong>in</strong> mundofubterraneo. UbiexHifpania&Lufitania <strong>in</strong>Americam<br />

trajiciturtotamaris fu<strong>per</strong>ficies herbafubmar<strong>in</strong>a,quamvulg654r^«j(/o vocant,velut <strong>in</strong> prato amccnilTimo<br />

multorumdierum fpatioefHorefcit. Similiapratavidenturquoquepropelnfulam.<br />

Melitam virore miro confpicuam,<strong>in</strong> quibus ifiumeripifcium greges,ceu <strong>in</strong> campo pabulantes,<br />

deliciantur, Talia etia floribus referta ad littus no viRegni obfervari idemKircherus tradit , qui<br />

ab<br />

'<br />

'


Pliilofophico-Poiicica. 171<br />

ab ur<strong>in</strong>atoribus dccerpti, tnox ac <strong>in</strong> auram cducuntur, cr)'flall<strong>in</strong>i lapidis naturam quafi <strong>in</strong>duunt,<br />

undc adornandisaltaribus <strong>per</strong>idonei. Mirabilcefi:, quod demariParionovum orbem<br />

aliuentetraditur,tot herbisvirentibushoc impiicitumclle, ut navigari non pollit oblidentibusretium<br />

morelongillimishcrbarumramulculis; cx!urt;untabimo, <strong>in</strong>fupeificiccoalefcunt,<br />

6c (u<strong>per</strong>anc <strong>in</strong>rerdum mare palmis qu<strong>in</strong>dccim. Rcicrt Pl<strong>in</strong>ius lib. u. c.2f. <strong>in</strong> mari<br />

rubro laurum maximc progigni uti & olivam fcrcntem baccas, & ti pluattungos, quifble<br />

tadi , mutantur <strong>in</strong> pumicem. Fruticum iplarum magnitudo ternorum cfl cubitorum»<br />

caniculis refc;rta , ut vix de navi rcCpicerctutum (it , remos plerumque iplbs <strong>in</strong>vadentibus;<br />

Polybius ctiam nairat, <strong>in</strong> maii Luiicanicogigniquercus, quarum glandcThynni vclcantur<br />

& p<strong>in</strong>guclcant.<br />

Oonclu(io qu<strong>in</strong>ta. Daturplerumqueetiam marium quoad vires&: proprietatcs quasdam<br />

communicatio cum illis terrarum tradibus, quas allambunt. H<strong>in</strong>c mate moi tuum quia<br />

littoribusc<strong>in</strong>giturbitum<strong>in</strong>ofis, &mare rubrum, quodcumeodem<strong>per</strong> fubtcrraneos meatus<br />

communicat, etiamfxturabitum<strong>in</strong>ofaquibusdam <strong>in</strong>locis rcfercafunt.<br />

QiKeres primo. Curmarenondeficiat,etliSol illudcont<strong>in</strong>uo (iccarelaboret ? Refpondeo,rationem<br />

efTcquiaquantum<strong>per</strong>vapores <strong>in</strong> ("ublime coaftos exhauritur mare, tantundem<br />

nubibus <strong>in</strong> pluvias relbiutis rciunditur. Unde prronca efl illorum op<strong>in</strong>io , qui maris vaporibus<br />

Solem , non fecus ac Lucernam oleo paCci crediderunt , priusquam enim vapores foli<br />

approp<strong>in</strong>quent,a Irigore^ecundaeRegionis aerea; denfati ie<strong>in</strong> mare refundunt.<br />

QiKeres (ecundo. Cur<strong>in</strong>globoterraquea,quamvismaxima(<strong>in</strong>t <strong>in</strong>eomaria&aquarum<br />

nulla tamen unquam cont<strong>in</strong>-<br />

adeadem<strong>in</strong>gentesplurimumtium<strong>in</strong>umillaprufiunc afHuxus ,<br />

gatredundantia,qualimites fuos conflitutos tranlcenderent. Relpondeo caulam efle primum,quod<br />

<strong>per</strong> occultos meatus fubterraneos tantundem aqux denuo ad alia maria, lacus, Hum<strong>in</strong>a&tbntiumfcaturig<strong>in</strong>esabducatur;<br />

vel utDigba-us obfervat tantum aSole delibetur <strong>in</strong><br />

nubes5cventos, quantuma cotfium<strong>in</strong>ibusaggeritur.<br />

Colligestamen exdodlr<strong>in</strong>a Ariftotl.i. hujus o<strong>per</strong>is cap.14. magnam fieri progrefTu temporum<strong>in</strong>terraabaquismutationem;<br />

primumcnimaitquasdam terrxpartcs velut circulo ex<br />

aridis humidas reddi, oc ex bumidis aridas, efieque <strong>in</strong> hac re terram animantibus fimilem,<br />

quodiilorum morejuvenefcat&vigeat , poftea (enedat, 6c <strong>in</strong> deteriore<strong>in</strong> ftatum mutetur;<br />

nifi quod totum animal ejuventute ad ("enium tranlit, <strong>in</strong>tegra vero cerra non icem, Ced rationealiarum,<br />

atque aliarum partium. Juvenelcit autcm terra , dum hu<strong>in</strong>ore ad fxcundi-<br />

quo pa6to aiiquot<br />

tatemaptoirrigatur; fenefcitdum humoreita defticuicur, uc ftcrilis tiac :<br />

terra: partes, quod alere hom<strong>in</strong>es non pofTent , <strong>in</strong>cultx , <strong>in</strong>habitabilesque manrere. Addit<br />

fiib<strong>in</strong>de<strong>in</strong>eodemcapitcPhilofophuSj<strong>in</strong>terdum cont<strong>in</strong>entcm tieri mare & contra , nam<br />

cum marisagicatioecceleftiumcorporum vi Sc etiicientiamanct; (icont<strong>in</strong>gac ea (idera <strong>in</strong>cer<br />

fe coiic&confpirare, qux ad fluduum jadtuciones plurimum valeanc ; fivic ulcra modum<br />

pelagus, icauc aliquando conc<strong>in</strong>encis aliquam parcem3cccfi"u<strong>in</strong>undec,&: <strong>in</strong>pofterum iLiijuris<br />

faciac; vel receffu decegac, 6c hom<strong>in</strong>umgeneriaccribuac. Sic DcIos&Rhodus exaquis<br />

denuoexciciffedicuncur. Sic ulcra MclonemeriicAnaphe: <strong>in</strong>ter LemnumiScHellefpontum<br />

Nen ; <strong>in</strong>terLebedum &Teon, Alone, <strong>in</strong>ter Cycladas, Thera, Therafia, Hiera. Sic non-<br />

nullcE Infuloe fadce , quae antea cont<strong>in</strong>entijunflx crant ; nam Sicilia ab Italia avuifa dicitur,<br />

Cyprusa Syria, EuboeaaBoeotia, BesbycumaBithynia, Sc quxdam alia;.<br />

E contrario quasdam Infulas junxit mare terris, ut Antilfam Lesbo, ZephyrlumHaricarnafTo<br />

, Ethufam M<strong>in</strong>do , Dromiicon


ij2<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

repagula disjiciuntur, ^ux renfim aqua excavar, (ibique viam, qua dilatetur,a<strong>per</strong>it. Nonnunquam<br />

certu div<strong>in</strong>ae providentice dispofitione propter hom<strong>in</strong>um fcelera , aliasve caufas fit,<br />

lii mare cxtra f<strong>in</strong>es egreniim <strong>in</strong> cont<strong>in</strong>entem efFundatur.<br />

UTut<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Correlpondentia & communicatio Rei-<br />

si.<br />

publ. utilis.<br />

JV. j-t .<br />

mons monti jungi non poteft, nec difHtcE Infulx conveniunt : Terra enim ftat»<br />

fuo <strong>in</strong> axe firmata : Ipratamen maria, quantumcunque disjuncta , non (eipfa folum,<br />

(ed&terrasjungunt , fibique communicant. Habent oftia fua, f<strong>in</strong>usque mutuos,<br />

quibus mare<strong>in</strong> mare <strong>in</strong>fluit, &quJE fuerunt longe , fiunt propd. Habent, quse dorfb por-<br />

tant, navigia, quibusAuftroBoreamjungunt ,hom<strong>in</strong>em adhom<strong>in</strong>em transferunt,negotiationesprom9vent,moresmoribusconfbrmant,arcanamentiumcommunicant.Fluuntmaria,&;mutuomanantepiftolx.<br />

Iliuuntuuiemporia, &:fiorent commercia. Volantcurfores,<br />

& aul je confbederantur. Mobiiia funt maria, fed <strong>in</strong> hac mobilitate Rerumpublicarum confiftitftabilitas.<br />

Velis remisque dum mutuo <strong>per</strong> ipfos undarum montes & arma , & mer-<br />

ces , & ablegati conferuntur , regna uniuntur , fic unita non v<strong>in</strong>cuntur. Naves & triremes<br />

pontes funt mar<strong>in</strong>i , quibus regnum ad regnum, animus ad animum accedit. Mari<br />

potifllmum fuam ftabilire fortunam , armorum & confiliorum cum exteris conjundtione<br />

fuafit Carolus V. Rom. \m\>. Quid namque tam eft validum ac potens, quod amicorum<br />

copias & opes fimul junftas , velut b<strong>in</strong>as manus fociatas v<strong>in</strong>cere , colligatas difTolve-<br />

rc


Philorophico-Polirica. 173<br />

re pollTt. Mutuis auxilils conflant omnia : mAnMs manMm , digitumque dtgitus ahluit. Nos<br />

vcroprorfus <strong>in</strong> niiiil ftatim abiremus , (i mutuam quis opem auterret. In commune vivi- retjjmb,<br />

mus,nemolibi fufticit unus, Pyladijun£lusOrcftcs, EuiyaloNirusadflaas, etiamHerculi<br />

terrori funt: nam nec Hercules contra duos. Ciim alteri te communicas, iilius auxiiium<br />

cmis: hcEcenim negotiatioeft, «Sc commcrcium animorum. Niliil eft,quodnonaIienoegeatauxilio,<br />

&;auxiliumpoflTt <strong>in</strong>alterumdilpenfare. Terrafoecundo rorea coelo Iadl;atur,<br />

led&illahuicvaporcs communicat. Flos teri-ce decorem tribuit, fed ab illa vigorem accipir,<br />

(Scnutrimentum. llniverfus orbismercaturx lpcciemhabet,eftqueamicitiarcommer-<br />

cium. QuotidieSoIcurrit<strong>per</strong>cQclicirculum, ut fe lideribuscommunicet, & <strong>in</strong>terram <strong>in</strong>fluat<br />

; <strong>in</strong>tendatque, ne ipft elementa mutuam violent focietatem. Et aquila, quantumvis<br />

pnEdatrix,fpolium tamencum aliis dividit? ut quas natura fimilcs fecit , communio (bciet.<br />

Exterarum mores aularum, idiom3tumparticipatio,pugnandiars,merciumnegotiatio, armorum<br />

conjunctio , Pandoram quandam ex republica taciunt ; <strong>in</strong> quam colliguntur, qua:<br />

<strong>in</strong>alias funtdigefla Hoceflillud amicitia»arc:<strong>in</strong>um,&:v<strong>in</strong>culumfbederis, quodiireptamaribus<br />

regna ji<strong>in</strong>guntur , veteri novus mundus (bciatur. Nemo ie folo beatusefti&dcxtera<br />

(<strong>in</strong>ifmE opem requirit. Neque eosdem,quos alterum regnum Solis <strong>in</strong>fluxus <strong>per</strong>cipit,neque<br />

quodvis ubiq; re<strong>per</strong>itur,quibusalteraterramercibusabundat,nonomnispolTidet;lL)ivi(itnatura<br />

divitias, ut alterum ab altero regnum mendicare cogat,<strong>in</strong> beatx concordiar argumentum.<br />

CcfTarct amicitia, ni(i domefticam levandi <strong>in</strong>opiam necelTTtas efTet pcfita<br />

,<br />

&c mutuo commo-<br />

dandi <strong>in</strong>digentia. Steterefem<strong>per</strong>, &<strong>in</strong>Hore ftetereRiCspublicce, quK manum cum vic<strong>in</strong>is<br />

junxere; imbelIesjacuere,qujEmutuamab exteris opem non cxpetivere; utenim plures o-<br />

culi plura-vkfent, ita plures dextrse dexterius o<strong>per</strong>antur, Deferitur a viftoria, quem vic<strong>in</strong>i<br />

priusdeferuere: atubifbederaftant^&animorum commercium; tirmantur regna , fblidatur<br />

Bonum commune, vic<strong>in</strong>iaomnis <strong>in</strong>tutocollocatur. Quis enim tirmillTmum amicitix murum<br />

fubruet , dum viva moenia ex communione bonorum &: animorum ccnfurgunt? Non<br />

cxercitusi necjueThefiuri pr^ejidia regnorum funt , vcrumamici. Hi vero Con(ervantur,dumcommercia<br />

fbventur; dummores moribus , animis animi correfpondent. Hic murus ahene»<br />

us efto.<br />

NOn<br />

QUiESTIO V.<br />

T)e 'variis maris Kz^totibus»<br />

hic quseftio eft de motu , quo aqua ob <strong>in</strong>natam gravitatem deorfum fertur; neque<br />

de agitatioae maris, quam venti caufant , qua: rcguIansefTe non poteft,neque<br />

fem<strong>per</strong>eadem, feddcaliis motibus, dequibus (it<br />

Corvclufio prima. Motus maris imprimis generalis direQus five naturalis efTe fblec<br />

ab ortu <strong>in</strong> occafum ; quod ex<strong>in</strong>de patet , quiaHilpani, qui <strong>in</strong> novum orbem verflis occidentemSolem<br />

euntes menftruo it<strong>in</strong>ere portum att<strong>in</strong>gunt,redeuntesverotrimeftriopUsha-<br />

bent. Item Lufitani trajedo Bonx (pci promontorio pronimad ortum verfus Goam vertentes<br />

fem<strong>per</strong> progrediuntur tardius, quam quando <strong>in</strong>de redeunt. Eodem modo qui cx<br />

Hifpaniis <strong>in</strong>Palxft<strong>in</strong>am , eunt, tardius multo appellunt <strong>in</strong> portum, quam qui <strong>in</strong>de rcvertuntur ;'<br />

quodfi veromarenon movereturab oriente <strong>in</strong> occidentem, navigationes verfus occidentem<br />

non deberenteffe velociores : ergo.<br />

Neque dicascumCabeolib.a. tex.;6. quseft.^. velocitatem navigationum occidentalium<br />

poffe oririexalia caufa, hoc eft exeo,quod <strong>in</strong> occano venti impellentes mare <strong>in</strong> occidentcmf<strong>in</strong>t<br />

frequcntiores, firmiorcs , & vchcmentiores, ut tcftanturnautx;nam ex hoc ipfoarguitur<br />

motusmarisoboriente <strong>in</strong>occidentem; mare enim<strong>in</strong>eam partem concipitmotum,<strong>in</strong>quamferturventus,unde,utfolvaturquccftio,reddidebet<br />

ratio propter quam & agr<br />

<strong>per</strong> venios & mare moveantur ab oriente <strong>in</strong> occidentem ,pro quo lit<br />

Conclufio fecunda., Duplexcaufahujusmotuscfte poteft: prima, quia coelum, dum<br />

moveturaboriente<strong>in</strong>occidentem, rapit etiam ignem, atrem & aquam occulta quadam vi<br />

<strong>in</strong>fluenticB. Etconfirmatur,quiaventiiftiab oriente <strong>in</strong>occidentcm, acmotus maris nota-<br />

turpra:cipu^ fubzonatorrida, &circaaequatorem,<strong>in</strong>quapartemotuscoelieftvelocior. Secundacflepoteft,<br />

quiaSo! fuo motu fem<strong>per</strong> fubjectam aquam & aerem calefacit, & confe-<br />

quenterrarefacit, undeutaer&aquararefadla occupent majus fpatium , debcnt moveri iri<br />

eam partem, ubi aer dcaqua poteft condenfari , & locum cedcrc ; qux eft occidentalior,<br />

quianondum concepit caloremexradioSoIis, qui ad illam ;ulhuc non pcrvenit ; ergo a


174<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

or es fub zona torrida , ut teflantur <strong>per</strong>iti. P. Athanaiius Kircherus <strong>in</strong> fua arte itiagnet. Hb.<br />

3. p.j. C.2. dat tertiamradoncm,dum docet, hunc motum provenire a Soleablumente, Sc<br />

<strong>in</strong> vapores refolvcnte magnam Oceani partem , quac fub Zona tomda jacet , qua abliimpta<br />

reliqua: aqus <strong>in</strong> fublidium veniunt parcium laborantium,ad impediendum vacuum : Hacc<br />

tamen rationon itapiacet, quiacreditudifficile ell, cjuodtantaaquarumcopiacont<strong>in</strong>uo abfumaturab<br />

immenloSoliscalore,&tamenmarenondeficiat, neque m<strong>in</strong>uatur.<br />

Obferva tamen,huncmotumabortu<strong>in</strong> occafumnonita<strong>in</strong>telligendumefre, quafi mare<br />

cont<strong>in</strong>uato lem<strong>per</strong> Buxu rcda plane femitafisratutexortu<strong>in</strong> oppofitam cont<strong>in</strong>uo plagam<br />

veriim fub<strong>in</strong>de obliquo etiam tramite progredi, ac nonnihil denederc, imo nonnunquam<br />

circulari fluxu motum cont<strong>in</strong>uare cogitur. Et talemnautae <strong>in</strong>Adriaticomari ex<strong>per</strong>iuntur,<br />

lentiunt enim , mare illud ad littus quidem Dalmatice abortuverfus occafum fluere ; led <strong>in</strong><br />

Venetiarumf<strong>in</strong>u retorqueri, ScadlittusltalicE verfusortum recurrere,ideoquemoveriquafi<br />

circulariter. Idem dicunc de Mediterraneo , quod juxta Europae littora, verlusHilpaniam<br />

<strong>in</strong> occadim defluit, <strong>in</strong> i<strong>in</strong>u tamen Hifpanite defledlit fecus Afiricse littora verfus ortum.<br />

Et hoc pucat P. Rliodes , mirabili quadam DEI providentia fieri, nd mare ab ortu <strong>in</strong> fluens<br />

terram obrueret; acti DELIS, qui mariterm<strong>in</strong>os conflituit, quos pra:terie nonpoterit, hoc<br />

quafi circulari motu <strong>in</strong>digeret, utmarisimpetumcohiberet. Conimbricenfesverocaulam<br />

hujus circularismotus conjiciunt<strong>in</strong>occurrentium impedimentorum conllitutionem, nam<br />

ciim aquLC <strong>in</strong>ccrterras concIurce,&: <strong>in</strong>littoraimp<strong>in</strong>gentes<strong>per</strong>petuotenorecier<strong>in</strong>equeantab<br />

crtu <strong>in</strong> occafLi<strong>in</strong> ; confequens eft , ut propS terras nexuolb it<strong>in</strong>ere <strong>in</strong> gyrum volvantur, &<br />

circularem motum imitentur.<br />

Conclulio tertia. Secundus motus, qui <strong>in</strong> utroque etiam mari vifitur , eft , quo mare<br />

3 leptentrioneadAuftrum fivemeridiemfeuaPblisadaequatorem defluit, utdocetArift.<br />

1.2. hujus opetis&ex eoS.Thomas, AlbertusMagnus,aliique communiter. Conftat hoc<br />

ex<strong>per</strong>ientia •, <strong>in</strong> mari mediterraneo enim aqu^E apaludeMacotide <strong>in</strong>fluuut <strong>in</strong>PontumEux<strong>in</strong>um,<br />

aPonto<strong>in</strong>u5^geum,ab./Egeo<strong>in</strong>Sicu]um,ufqueadfretum Herculeum. Eundem motum<br />

<strong>in</strong>Oceano notarunt Recentiores, exquo provenitutnavigationesafeptentrione ad meridiem<br />

e. g. ex partibus Danice & Hollandia; <strong>in</strong> HilJDaniam f<strong>in</strong>t velociores, quam navigationes<br />

ameridieadfeptentrioneme.g, expartibus Hilpaniae<strong>in</strong>Hollandiam&Daniam. Utreddatur<br />

veroratio talis motus,<br />

Notandum venit, aquas&omneshumores fe librare. Libratioporroconfiftit<strong>in</strong>hoc,<br />

utfecundumfupremamfu<strong>per</strong>ficiem f<strong>in</strong>t a^que altx,feua;quediftantesaceniro, ideo, fi una<br />

pars fu<strong>per</strong>ticieiaqujeeleveturfupra aliam,ftatim.^qua dcfcendit <strong>in</strong>partem deprefliorem, &<br />

movetur mocu librationisnecunquam partesaquaquiefcuntjdoneclibrentur, ita utomnes<br />

partes fu<strong>per</strong>ficieiaeque diflenta centro. Hoc prx^notato<br />

Tripiex ratio afierri hujus motuspotefl. Primo,quiaterraBorealisaltiorcenIetur efle<br />

auftrali, ideoque neceilarioab ea aquas dilabi <strong>in</strong> cava Sc protimdiora. SecundcquiaverfijsSeptentrionemmaximimarefubeunt<br />

fluvii, utMa:otidemTanais, Pontum Eux<strong>in</strong>um Da- ,<br />

nubius. Tertio , quia Sol valde imm<strong>in</strong>uit maria meridionalia <strong>per</strong> vehemcntiflimum calorem<br />

extrahens <strong>in</strong>gentem vim vaporum circa Zonam torridam, ad feptentrionem vero parum<br />

<strong>in</strong>im<strong>in</strong>uit aquam propter calorisdebilitatem, ergoutaquse librentur,&: non nimis crefcant<br />

<strong>in</strong> altitud<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong> maribus feptentrionalibus,ubimuItumaugenturaflum<strong>in</strong>ibus,parum m<strong>in</strong>uuntur<br />

aSole, neceffe eft,utdefluant, verfusmeridiem,utfuppleantdefei3:umaquarum,cau- ;<br />

falum <strong>in</strong> maribus meridionalibus ex elevatione vaporum.<br />

Obferva tamen huncmotumexplicatum <strong>in</strong> locis valde latis , efTc tardum, ut notatArilL ,<br />

ac pene <strong>in</strong>fenfibilern , <strong>in</strong>anguftis vero effe valde velocem, &Ienfibilem. Rationem affert<br />

idem Philofophus , quia ut confervetur libratio aquarum, neceffe eft , ut eodem tempore<br />

tantundem aqus egrediatur ex mari angufto , quantum ex lato, alioqu<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> maribus anguftis<br />

aqua excrefceret. Ut vero una hora tantum aquse egrediatur <strong>per</strong> alveum centuplo majo- ;<br />

rem , quantum egreditur <strong>per</strong> alveum centuplo m<strong>in</strong>orem,debet aqua centuplo velocius moveri<br />

<strong>in</strong>alveocentuplom<strong>in</strong>ori; undeneceffeeft,utaqu£Edum defluunt<strong>per</strong> marialata,moveanturtardifIime&<strong>in</strong>fenfibiliter,cumverodifHuunt<strong>per</strong><br />

mariaaugufta, raoventur velociter, &<br />

lenfibiliter.<br />

Conclufio quarta. Tertiusmotus maris eftille, quem seftumufitata fignificatione appellamus.<br />

Motushicmat<strong>in</strong>us confiftit<strong>in</strong> eo, quodmarejamad littusaccedat, mox iterum<br />

recedat.Non eft autem toto mari cequalis , nam <strong>in</strong> quibusdam traftibus aut nullus aut <strong>per</strong>exiguus<br />

exiftit j fic Mceotis, Propontis , Eux<strong>in</strong>us , mare Calpium & .^geum nullo fenlibili ae-<br />

ftureciprocantur. Medicerraneum vero cotum notabili caretasftu , prajlertim <strong>in</strong> ora Gai-<br />

lica, Italica& Hilpanica. Inf<strong>in</strong>eAdriaticitamenpropeVenetiaseft notabilis <strong>in</strong>tumelcentia,<br />

<strong>in</strong>oppoiicavero parte Adriatic<strong>in</strong>onrefpondet a;flus iequalis. MareBalthicum, cui fe <strong>in</strong>ter<br />

Daniam oc Norcvegiam <strong>in</strong>f undit Oceanus, nuUum patitur aEftum, InOceano veroadlitto-<br />

:<br />

ra


hilofophico-Politlca. 175^<br />

ra AnglicE) Flandriar, Hollandia', Gallis, Hilpania; , Lufitaniac , Afiicce , qucc littora refpicii<strong>in</strong>t<br />

occidentem , eft maximus a-ftus, ica ut <strong>in</strong> litcoribus AnglicE dicatur aqua exfurgerc <strong>per</strong><br />

odlog<strong>in</strong>tacubitos. In iittoribusoppofitisrefpicicntibusorientem circa Mexicum&Cubam<br />

Infijiam j\k ell ienfibilis aftus & <strong>in</strong>cumelcencia. In Oceano pacifico ceftus eft ica velie.<br />

mens , ut <strong>in</strong> Peruvia atjua progrediatur <strong>in</strong> cont<strong>in</strong>entem pcr duas leucas. In Oceano Indico<br />

riuxuseft itamagnus,ut <strong>in</strong>littoreCambajaE, quceeft<strong>in</strong>taucibus Indi flum<strong>in</strong>is, mare b<strong>in</strong>is<br />

horistrig<strong>in</strong>tacirciterleucas obtcgat. Undehom<strong>in</strong>esea<strong>per</strong>nicitate (A-pe undis obruuntur,<br />

& neceflecftcymbali Ibnituprimonerevic<strong>in</strong>iam^utveniente mari, quisque <strong>in</strong> tcmpore li-<br />

bi coplijlac. Nec navespoflentibicommorari, nifihaberentlacunasadeumufum defoflas,<br />

<strong>in</strong>quibus mari abeunte confiftunt.<br />

Conclufio qu<strong>in</strong>ta. Non eodem ubique temporis fpatio teftus <strong>per</strong>ficltur. Patec hoc<br />

ab <strong>in</strong>dudione,namGarumnxfauces<strong>in</strong>littoreAquitanicoleptenishoris fijbitOceanus, qu<strong>in</strong>is<br />

refugic. Juxta fluviumnigrum<strong>in</strong>Gu<strong>in</strong>eamarequacuorhorisaftluit,o6tonisreHuit. Eu-<br />

ripus fepciesdie quofibQt fluit 6c refluit , licet hoc a nonnuliis negetur. Ad Indi flum<strong>in</strong>is fauces,utdidumeft,<strong>in</strong>littoreCambajxmareb<strong>in</strong>ishoristrig<strong>in</strong>ca<br />

circirer leucas acceflu obteeic,<br />

& b<strong>in</strong>is cocidem receflli decegic. Aliis <strong>in</strong> locis communis regula eft , quod mare (ex horis nuac,<br />

filxquealiishorisrefluac.<br />

ColiigicurhiccEftumhuncmaris triplicem habere<strong>per</strong>iodum, diurnam, menftruam Sc<br />

annuam. Diurnaraliseft,ucapparenteLunafiiprahorizontem mare <strong>in</strong>cipiat <strong>in</strong>tumefcere,<br />

&atcollentereLunaetiamaquaattollatur, donec hac<strong>per</strong>veniat ad meridianum coeli vercicem;<br />

cunc vero rocoadhorizontemocciduum delcenlu refidet , ad quem ciim <strong>per</strong>venerit,<br />

iteium<strong>in</strong>tumercit mare, quoadusqueLuna pundummediccnodis atcigerit, ibi enim detu-<br />

mefcit, quoufque fidus adortumlereduxeric. De<strong>in</strong>deunafi^rehoraf<strong>in</strong>gulisdiebus cardius<br />

<strong>in</strong>cipitxftus, quiaLunaaboccafii<strong>in</strong>ortum<strong>in</strong>ccgra penehoraf<strong>in</strong>gulis diebusretardatur. Pe-<br />

riodus menftrua confiftit<strong>in</strong> hoc,ut<strong>in</strong>tumefcentia nonfem<strong>per</strong> lit CEqualis,(ed <strong>in</strong> noviluniis,<br />

&pleniluniis fit maxima, de<strong>in</strong>de <strong>in</strong>cipiat decrelcere , itaut <strong>in</strong> quadraturis, cum nimirum<br />

Luna diftat aSole <strong>per</strong> quarcam parcem coeli, fic m<strong>in</strong>ima <strong>in</strong>cumefcencia ac pene <strong>in</strong>fenfibilis,<br />

Periodusdemum annua confiftic <strong>in</strong> hoc, uc duobus cequ<strong>in</strong>odtiis <strong>in</strong>cumefcentia fit maxima»<br />

de<strong>in</strong>de <strong>in</strong>cipiac decrefcere, icaut<strong>in</strong> folfticiis fic m<strong>in</strong>ima.<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Abdicanda funt bona, qux animum <strong>per</strong>dunt.<br />

Llberi<br />

naci fumus , Sc v<strong>in</strong>cula amamus. Poflidemus, & poflidemur : nam fervus efl:,<br />

qui cupidicacis fua Dom<strong>in</strong>us non eft. Labem purpura af<strong>per</strong>ferunc Perfei & Galbce,<br />

Sejani /«/. ia<br />

tiiSjlU.


Uhemifl.<br />

tifHdFal.<br />

Max,<br />

Plut. <strong>in</strong><br />

Crajfo.<br />

ly^ <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

risparcemiat Frnflat virf<strong>in</strong>e fecmia^ qtuim fecnnlufme viro. Ani<strong>in</strong>Hs eft^ tjHi divities fAciU Quomodo<br />

vir eft, cui anitrms non eft ^ animum <strong>per</strong>dic , qui munera accipit. Reae Scneca<br />

nemmem divitem cenfuic , licet pecunia opulentum , (i vircuris egenus eft. Quis enira<br />

f2.<br />

^Wo^^^ffT. "Xd.dat-tZa d^lJi<strong>in</strong>ci/. J,ijrru. SML Xn-iur.-ujai/^ .*<br />

aureum imbrem jeftimat, ubi avaricfcc pru<strong>in</strong>a vlrtutem ilccoqak ^ PerfHafum t^i ft , ajebat.<br />

Pytiiagoras , te myi j>oJfe ejfe pjfejforem rei , cjuam non <strong>in</strong>tr.i mentem habes. Oux <strong>per</strong>dere potes<br />

extra te runt. Qus mentem <strong>in</strong>ficiunt, haec te <strong>per</strong>dunt , hsEc major ru<strong>in</strong>a eft. Virum ut<br />

ferves , conare ; hic <strong>in</strong> animo eft. Mdo virum ahcjue pecunia , quamfecuniam absaue viro, Vir<br />

f<strong>in</strong>e pecuniaprobus efTepoteft; cum<strong>in</strong>iquisopibusnon poteftnonefte malus. Divesautcm<br />

fimalus eft, antu eumopulentum dixeris, cum fit mentis egenriflimus ? fi volueris te divitem<br />

facere, non eft^quodaugeas opes, fed m<strong>in</strong>uascupiditates. Mente egentenullusnon<br />

eft pau<strong>per</strong>. Divitis enim non a fortuna petenda: funt, fed a feipfo. Quantum quis valet<br />

animo,C3ntumftatbene. Qui totum pofcit&: obt<strong>in</strong>etorbem,fi feipfo caret, quid habet?<br />

at qui <strong>per</strong>dit , quae extra fe funt, fi fe fervat , cijm aliud nihil habet, poftidet omnia , quia<br />

animumferyat, qui <strong>in</strong>tra fe cont<strong>in</strong>et omnia. PrsCalliaAthenienfi gloriatus eftAriftides,<br />

cum ille opibus fuerit ampliflimus; quia hicfeipfocontentus,malletque<strong>per</strong>dere omnia,ne<br />

<strong>per</strong>dat fe. Virtutes habuifle plurimas Crafllim , Plutarhus eft teftis ; modico <strong>per</strong>didit omnes<br />

, quia parvo lucro nimium adhcefit. Qui omnia poflidet, multum debet. Qiiantum ?<br />

omnia. Quia fortuns eftobligatus. Qui fe fervat , cum <strong>per</strong>didit omnia , <strong>per</strong>didit nihil',<br />

quia tenct fcipfum. Tu ne <strong>per</strong>eas vide ; <strong>per</strong>eant cstera : fic <strong>per</strong>dere,lucrum eft.<br />

P<br />

QU^STIO VI.<br />

Pe caufa reciproci ajius maris.<br />

(RxmifHs iis, quae dicta funt prsecedente quceftione, omnibusque noriflTma (unt, fequitur,<br />

ut <strong>in</strong>quiratur ignotiflima leciprocantis raar<strong>in</strong>iccftiis caufa,undenimirunifiat<strong>per</strong>pe<br />

tuus


I <strong>in</strong>dubius<br />

Philofophico-Politica. \jy<br />

tuus ille, atqueadeo aniformismotustanci elcmcnti. Reshxcmukum5cdiu <strong>in</strong>genia Philolophorumtorlit.<br />

DeAriftotelis op<strong>in</strong>ionc non contlat, cum nullus iplius de hac re liber<br />

exiftat, Fama eft, cumEuripi illius, qui <strong>in</strong>tiaAulidem BoeociEeportum&Eubce.<br />

am Inliilam <strong>in</strong>terjacec, naturam, ejusque feptenas rcflcxioncs , quas ut diximus, quotidie<br />

fubic , non (atis explicare poflct , txdio


lyS<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

lunavciQdecrefcentc exdefeftu hiimonsdetumefcunt, atqiie decrefcunt, Sic quoque obfervatum<br />

lunacrefcentevel decrefcencemedullas <strong>in</strong> ollibusanimalium, <strong>in</strong>ovisalbumen,c£eteraque<br />

id genus crefccre aut decrelcerc.<br />

Conhrmatur lecundo, Ex<strong>per</strong>imento fadlo a P. Kirchero. Hic pelvim aqua nitrofa<br />

repleta,&faleco<strong>in</strong>n"iU!iimixtaferenanoderadiislunaribus txpofuic^quic ftatim tervcre <strong>in</strong>-<br />

cepit, «Sctuncvel maxime, dum luna <strong>in</strong> plenilunioverluretur. Idem ex<strong>per</strong>imentum cepit<br />

<strong>in</strong> lupimar<strong>in</strong>ifeuphocrcorio, quod luna; radiiscxpolitumpilosadejus<strong>in</strong>crementumerigebat,(5i:ad<br />

dccrementum demittebat. Cumergo <strong>in</strong>tercorporahumidaprimumlocurateneat<br />

niare; neccffe elt quoque, lunam ipfi<strong>in</strong>terca.'teradom<strong>in</strong>ari,&confequenter mirum nonef-<br />

fe , fi caufct <strong>in</strong> mari <strong>in</strong>tumcfcentiam ac dctumefcentiam coo<strong>per</strong>ante Sole,<br />

Hispofitis dii+icultas eft explicarc, qua virtute 6c quopactolunacaufetmar<strong>in</strong>os aeftus;<br />

modumhunc, quod idlunaefticiatieife nobisprorfijs<strong>in</strong>cognitum,&; <strong>in</strong>com<strong>per</strong>tum fatetur<br />

P, Rhodes , nec habere quemque aliud , quod reponat , ni(i exclamarecum Ecclef ii. v. 4. mi-<br />

rabiliao<strong>per</strong>aaltiflimi folius, &gloriol;i,& abfconfa,&<strong>in</strong>vi(a o<strong>per</strong>a illius. Quid tamen alii<br />

dicant, (Tvqux op<strong>in</strong>iotencndabreviter<strong>per</strong>fequentesConciulionesexpediam. llndefit<br />

Conclufio fecunda. Lunanoncaufat fluxum &: refluxum <strong>per</strong>calorem&lumen. Probatur,<br />

quiadum eft<strong>in</strong>punfto medice no6tis,tunccaufatmagnam<strong>in</strong>tumefcentiam,*Sctamen'<br />

aquam neque calefacit, neque illum<strong>in</strong>at. Secundo, quia<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>tcrlunio, quo tempore luna<br />

luo lum<strong>in</strong>e deftituitur; oc quando <strong>in</strong>alioefthemisphxrio, qu<strong>in</strong> nobis colluceat, autgalefaciat,<br />

nonceffantapudnosnmimiseftus, ergo<br />

Conclulio tertia. Luna neque mar<strong>in</strong>os ceftus caufat <strong>per</strong> motum fuum vel tumorem<br />

quendam, quatcnusmare ab ipfa luna fufpenditur: aut<strong>per</strong> impulfum mari impreffum. Ratio<br />

primieft,quia fimarisxftusfequereturadmotum lunixr, folummovereturmare aboriente<br />

<strong>in</strong>occidentem,nullaquedareturratio,curaquaaboccidente<strong>in</strong>oricntcmreverteretur <strong>per</strong> refluxumconti-aimpetum,<br />

«Scdelationemmotuslunce. Ratiolccundieft, tum quianautx fub<br />

Torridanaviganteshoc animadvertercnt; tum quia non eodem tempore <strong>in</strong> utroque liemispha!rion:ftus<br />

fieretUumdenique, quia maioresdeberenteffe xftus fub zona torrida, quam<br />

verfu.sSeptentrionem,quod tamen falfum eft. Ratio tcvtii cft, quia quando lunaeft <strong>in</strong> hemis-<br />

phcerio, vcl <strong>in</strong> horizonte oppofito, non poteft <strong>in</strong> aliis tamen impetum imprimere, <strong>in</strong> quibus tamcn<br />

(unttales xftus ; tum etiam quia fatis explicari non poteft, quomodo aquis imprimat hu-<br />

j usmodi impulfiim ,quando mare refluit.<br />

Conclufioquarta. Lunacaufat<strong>in</strong>tumefcentiam maris<strong>per</strong> qualitatem&<strong>in</strong>fluentiam occultam,<br />

cujus propagatio nonimpedituracrafTitie ac denlitateterrx. Primo enimlunaqua-<br />

{lamfuaqualitate, & viocculta<strong>in</strong>fluit & alterat humores <strong>in</strong> corporibus animalium,&<strong>in</strong> ho-<br />

m<strong>in</strong>eslunaticos<strong>in</strong>fluit, crgo ctiamlic<strong>in</strong>fluet Sc alterabit <strong>in</strong> mari Ipiritus (ulphureos& falni-<br />

•trales , qui (i<strong>in</strong>t veluti maris humores <strong>per</strong> ord<strong>in</strong>em ad lunam , talesque xftus, prout hic caufa-'<br />

bit : Secundo pr-obatur etiam, quod propagatio talisoccultx <strong>in</strong>fluentiae non impediatur a craf-<br />

fitie terra: ; nam ciim luna eft <strong>in</strong> puncto miCdix nodis , <strong>in</strong>fluentice lu nares proveniunt ad mare ><br />

ctiamfi mediettotacrafiities terra;. Qupdveropropapatioaliquiirum <strong>in</strong>fluentiarum&qualitatumnonimpediaturaden(itateulliuscorporispiobacur,nampodagrici,&pluresaliitegra-<br />

ti (entiuntefFedus pundtorum lunarium,e.g.quadraturarumctiam luaa manentc (ijbhori-<br />

zonte. Sicutenimdanturqutedamcorporaetiam valdedenfi, quttnon impcdiunt transmiffionem<br />

lucis, cujusmodi eft cryftallus , 6c hxc vocamus diaphana, alia vcro corpora impedientiatransmiflionemlucis,<br />

quxvocamus opaca cujusmodi il<strong>in</strong>t lapides , terra &c. ita poflunt<br />

dari corpora, quce licet lucem non transmittant, atque adeo (<strong>in</strong>t opaca, nansmitcant tamen <strong>in</strong>fluentias,itautrefpeftu<br />

illaium poll<strong>in</strong>t proportionaliter vocari diaphana,fed de hocpKira<br />

<strong>in</strong> quccflione fequenti.<br />

Conclulio qu<strong>in</strong>ta. Luna Iiac fua qualitate , Sc occulta <strong>in</strong>fluentia non caufat maris fluxum<br />

&:refluxumrarefaciendo&conden(andoilliusaquas, fedalterando illarum (piritus,itautal-<br />

teratisfiatmarisaccefTusadlittus, illisvero fedatis fiat recedlis. Ratio primi eft, quiafi luna<br />

itacaufaretc8ftus,aqua fieret calidior, verum hoc multo magis cfHceretSol, quam luna, &<br />

confequcnter a Sole duntaxatcaularetur ceftus. De<strong>in</strong>dehujusmodi rarcfadio (<strong>in</strong>e dubio lentireLur,videreturque<strong>in</strong>navigiis,quxattenuataaqurimaris<br />

pcrfluxummergercnturmagis,&<br />

rurflis conden(ata<strong>per</strong>effluxumemcrgcrent;quodtamcn nullibioblervarur. Acccdit,quod<br />

h<strong>in</strong>c fequerecur,aquamm<strong>in</strong>usgravitare <strong>in</strong> maris acccffu, utpocerarc(ada,quam <strong>in</strong> recefTu)<br />

utpote condenfata,quod rurfus contra ex<strong>per</strong>ientiam eft,ut oftendunt Fromondus Sc Galilceus,<br />

Racio fccundieft, quia, utdocctArifll.:;. degencrationeanimai. tap. ult.marerepletum efl<br />

fpiritibusfii!phureis


Philofopliico-Politica. 179<br />

ronclufio fexta, Non improbabile etiam eft, <strong>in</strong>tumefcentiam & detumefcentiam aounrum<br />

fieri ex attraftione & relbrbitione humiditatis extranea: cx fundo mans & cx aere<br />

2er ruremcommunicatamaqux aLuna&Sole mediantci laoccultauiHuTO^<br />

rum d tatem debilitata adione attradiva Lunx fundus mans atque aer rur us abforbcat ,


Igo <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Vl t U ''^:!tm')Htbma.,fjHiiJ!)eHsillis largitHr-ifarthndiflribuattUfanim fi^^ A (libditis VC-<br />

' II a. luc ovibus lanam habent : qua fe tcoant ; viciffim illos piotegant. Sic ab illis lac haui iant,<br />

p<br />

. .<br />

'<br />

ut nonexhauriant;veiumniutuo lactent&nutriant" Crediderimcordi humanoeumbene<br />

"* comparari, qui pra°efl:. Uc enim cor pr<strong>in</strong>cepsmembrorum ell, (ic pr<strong>in</strong>ceps cor efKiabditorum.<br />

Itaveroexmembrisac venis langu<strong>in</strong>is rivos attrahic, uc iimuitonslic ac oceanus,<br />

ex quo fideli reflexu <strong>in</strong>venas ac membra refijndacur. Memoratu dignus antiquitatis mos<br />

Regesadfontes &arbores coronandi. Nonenimbeneregit,qu<strong>in</strong>on conpnuo beneticiorumimbre<br />

irrigat,velutfbns,quascx terrahaufit, <strong>in</strong>terram aquas refundit : neque utilis elt<br />

Reipublicaevir publicLrs,qui non arborisad<strong>in</strong>ltar fe exterra; liicco nucrientis, 'fruduum alU<br />

jnenta rependit. Non dono, fed mutbo data funt, qua; a (ubditis offcruntur, ut referantur<br />

aRege<strong>in</strong> fubditos. Velutvcndens(Sc emcns (ehabent, exfolvit ifte, quod ilii Iblverunt. Socratcs&AIcibiades<br />

dando&reddcndocolluferunt;iftequodmi(it,illeremi(it;ut &un<strong>in</strong>omcn<br />

benefici non deeifet, &;altcrumtitu!usgratitud<strong>in</strong>is ornaret. Correlativa IL<strong>in</strong>t Dom<strong>in</strong>us.


PhiloTophico-PoIitica. igl<br />

attra£livamfeuitTipulfivampei-qu;TElibecfciOcorpoiatrajicic,itacumproportionetcrrccrnoIes<br />

non clt im <strong>per</strong>via k<strong>in</strong>ari <strong>in</strong>nuxui , quoparcesmarisdiamctralitcroppofita^concicenturlimu!.<br />

Secundo: videmusSolcm<strong>in</strong>tranoftrum horizontemteiTa;diamctrunipcnetrarc,(ScGLim<strong>per</strong>venitadmcridianumoppolitum<strong>in</strong>riuerc<strong>in</strong>nollrosgallos


Clc 1<br />

radox<br />

Ovid. t^.<br />

Metamor<br />

l82 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

7)


Philofophico-Politica. 185<br />

Neronem <strong>in</strong>tende, <strong>in</strong>Hannibalem conjice: faclus iIlevoluptatibusmonftnim,illecupiditate<br />

an<strong>in</strong>io motus. Peraures<strong>in</strong>animum (irenum illecebrxdefcendeiunt. Elim<strong>in</strong>andilimtelim<strong>in</strong>eauriumeffia:nesvoces,neanimos<br />

laciantcrtrontes; utpcrcuniculos<strong>in</strong>uibem<strong>in</strong>grediturhoftis,3ut<strong>per</strong>mi(Iititiosignes<strong>in</strong>laviIlasobiit<br />

Troja : licpcr auiiummeatusamorisriamx<br />

ferpuntadcordisarccm,queisipieanimusdepa(citur. Integcrnoned animus, litabe<strong>in</strong>tis-<br />

ftuselUuditus: triumphatlcelus<strong>in</strong>cordispra:lidio, li tympanifta limen aurium tenetCupi-SfMff. /«<br />

do. Dijfidlcm hJyoe opomtaurem a^ crimi'»^. Seneca. Verborum cocnum 6c opusoblca'numpr»wt.<br />

nonnili organo dirtcrunt, hoc iilifts pcdiflequum agit. In auribus, qui verccundiam cxuic,<br />

frontem <strong>in</strong> animo haud gerit. Securum ftat cordiscaftellum , ubi modeftia aurium excubias<br />

agit. Candidamens,ubiverecundix vexillumclt auribus pcndulum. CxcusCupido eft,<br />

ut<strong>in</strong>am & liirdus ncqueXerxem Lvliiret, neque Alexandrum prnftraviflet. Proftituca domus<br />

eft, ubi oftia patcnt : neque pretium p jdoris ret<strong>in</strong>ec arca cordis , cui cleficit cullodia auris. Nu! -<br />

luscnecrpurcus,omnestbrentlpur<strong>in</strong>x,liocclufxmancientauriumjanux. Levispropudioli<br />

verbihalitustempeftatesanimiciet: lubrepens <strong>per</strong> aurem aura oblcoenior peftem pudicitix<br />

mach<strong>in</strong>atur. Deditionem animi cogita, auriumTympanumfi pullatCupido. Monftra <strong>in</strong>grediuntur,<br />

chimxrx vexilla figunt : quidenim aliud voluptas, quam monltrum 6c chimxra<br />

nam partim fbem<strong>in</strong>a,partimvipcraeft. Aut lthacMspAs-,itHt Pal<strong>in</strong>nrnseris.<br />

Q^UtESTIO VIII.<br />

De ejfe^ibus ::^Carij ^ canfajlnaU motns eJH^ , ac de<br />

COnclufio<br />

dilwviii ^ exundutionibtiS,<br />

prima. Naufea, quse navigantibuscont<strong>in</strong>gicnontamoriturex exhalatlo-<br />

nibusafcendentibuse fl<strong>in</strong>do muris,quamcxmotuirregularimaris (Sc<strong>in</strong>terna humorum<br />

concullione. Ratio pri<strong>in</strong>i cft , quia (cdens <strong>in</strong>littorc , vei fcopulo non patitur<br />

naufeam, licOt adipfum<strong>per</strong>veniant exhalationes: lccundo, (imilem nauleam fentiuntmuU<br />

d eciamex motu currus, aliisquemocibus. Ratio fccundi, nam illa agitatione, dum movecureti.imvcntriculus,cibus<br />

Okhumores regurgitant ados ventriculi, acnauleam & vomitum<br />

provocant ; idto quo magis eit irregularis agicatio , eo major eft regurgitatio &: naufea.<br />

Sicutvero aqua <strong>in</strong> c\'atho , ciam movecur regularitcr, parLim regurgitat , fed cum cyathus<br />

quaflraturirrcgularitcr,aquavalderegurgitat , lic cont<strong>in</strong>git<strong>in</strong> cafli noftro. Prxferrim vero<br />

biiioli humores commoci os ventriculi exal<strong>per</strong>antes naufcam creant. Hanc tamenjejuni faciiius<br />

patiuntur,ftomachus enimquo<strong>in</strong>anior , tantoplus agitacione obnoxiuselt,quemad.<br />

modum amphoraplenam<strong>in</strong>usagicatur^quamfcmiplcna. Porro , quod non omnes fentianc<br />

naufcam , oritur ex divcrlaalfedione ftomachi , .ac\ entriculi.<br />

HuiccfFedtui annumerari poflunt fequentcs; primo: <strong>in</strong>mariedaclorcsfiuntnavigantes<br />

propter fpirituum mar<strong>in</strong>orum calorem & liccitatem. Secundocontra morfum rabidi canis<br />

ferturprxfensremedium elfeaquamar<strong>in</strong>ajlicut&adpurgandacorpora^bilemiSc (angu<strong>in</strong>em.<br />

Tertio, habet vim fegregandi,quacenus res naafnigas, &: cadavcra eruiitat ad iittus ; live hoc faciat<strong>per</strong>vimquanJam<br />

expultricem ; five<strong>per</strong> vim conc<strong>in</strong>uxagitationis, <strong>per</strong>quam naufiaga ad<br />

litcusdeducat,ibiqucdcftituat;e6quod majori impetu<strong>in</strong>lictus undaappellat, quamredeat.<br />

Quarto :re<strong>per</strong>iuncur<strong>in</strong>qL!ibusdaramaribus<strong>in</strong>tcgrxlylvxcoral<strong>in</strong>x,utrefertKircherusMund.<br />

fubt. 1.2. c.14. fe.rMercatorequodam Arabe<strong>in</strong>tellexifre,fxpe tantam fruticum coral<strong>in</strong>orum<br />

copiamcondcnlatam, utnon tantum ur<strong>in</strong>atoribus, fed &: pilcibus aditum negent; audiviflc<br />

porroapifcatoribusunacumftirpibus[Lib<strong>in</strong>deexcractafijiflcconchilia,iateres, faxa, ofla,ta-.<br />

bulasligneas,lerramcnta,omniacoralis, qux <strong>in</strong> iis excrcverunt, conferca ; qu<strong>in</strong> &; Delphi.<br />

num, excujusduro corioplanta coral<strong>in</strong>a cxcrevifTet, extractum aliquando tLiifre.<br />

Qo^iiuout <strong>in</strong> oblcuris memorum recelTibus,animal<strong>in</strong>fylveftria humana fbrma prxdlta<br />

repcriuncur, ucfuntFauni,Sacyri,Centaurialiaquelimiliamonftra, ItaOceanus fua mar<strong>in</strong>ahabetanimaliaterreftribus<br />

limilia,utfuntTritoncs,N'ereides,Sirencs,dc quibusconfuie<br />

Schotc. <strong>in</strong>Phy C cur. lib.;. &: 4. monftra vero hujusmodi f i-equcnciora dicuncur obleivari <strong>in</strong> marilndicopropelnlulasPhilipp<strong>in</strong>as,<br />

certistamen temporibus<strong>per</strong>annum. Sextbde Ipongiis<br />

cjuibusdamNorvagicimaris littorum, ctiam admiratione quid dignnmrefert P.Fournier ia<br />

Ceogr.Oib.not.iib.2.c.f.easnativis fibris frequcnter fjxis ibidcm adhxrcre, ac fcnfus apparcnciam<strong>in</strong><br />

iisdcmobfcrvari. llbi cnimavullbrem fL-nciunt,com<strong>per</strong>tumcft,easfefccon-<br />

irahere,accumdirticultateabftrahi,avul(asvero ctiam<strong>in</strong> pecris veluti cruoris quoddam veftigiumrcl<strong>in</strong>quere.<br />

Conclulio 2. 1 ugis marls agltatio ob multiplicem f<strong>in</strong>em a Deo ord<strong>in</strong>ata clt. Primo enim mo-<br />

tus hic putrela».tionem impedit, quiaputrctadliofit abextcrno calore, quem alia atquc alia<br />

acris mutatio pcr motum <strong>in</strong>ducla avercit , quod cxpcrimento difcunt ii , qui verliis Solem pro-<br />

grer


i84 <strong>Meteorologia</strong> \<br />

giedii<strong>in</strong>tur, fiquidem m<strong>in</strong>iis calent, quam qui <strong>in</strong>cidentem radium immoti excipiunt, nifi<br />

torte tamvehement<strong>in</strong>iluienmcur, utrhembrorumagitatio prsponderet, majoremque vim<br />

obc<strong>in</strong>eat ad caletaciendum { e(l enim motus caula caloris) quam adrefrigerandum habet alteratio<br />

recencis, trigidique aeris, quo ambitur corpus. Secundo, agitatio huec eft aquarum<br />

purgatio. Llt enimSenecai.^.Natur. qusfl. c.26,ait,<strong>in</strong> aquis,quibuscurruseft,nonpo(IL<strong>in</strong>t<br />

vitiaconliftercquslliavidetert&deportat. Ide6q;mare,cadavera,ftramentaqj &:limiliaex<br />

<strong>in</strong>timotrahit; nec(blumtempeitate&fluftuturbidum,ted tranquillum quoq; placidumquc<br />

purgari conilievic; videiicetnepellucidumelcmentum, quoundiqueaquarum duftu lieces<br />

conHuuntj nimium fordeicat.Pl<strong>in</strong>iuslib.i.c.gS. ait,omniamariapurgaripienilunio,qu3edam<br />

liatis diebus,<strong>in</strong>cellige poci(ITnium; etenimmariaquovisannitempore, tumalia, tumfu<strong>per</strong>-<br />

.fluitantiacorpora<strong>in</strong>littusexlpuunt. H<strong>in</strong>c quidam dixerunt,mare etTeanimanti fimile, (i-<br />

cut cnim animantia fpiritum accipiunt, Sc retrahunt, multosque hoc modo fialig<strong>in</strong>ofos halitus<br />

ejiciunt,itaquoque marefem<strong>per</strong> <strong>in</strong>fe Sc ex fe recurrens, multas putridas materias & fbetidos<br />

halitus ejicit. Tertio accedit& aliust<strong>in</strong>ishujus motus, quod Deus res multas <strong>in</strong> protundomarilatitantes,humanoufuitamen(alutares<strong>per</strong>marisrece(Tumqua(iultroobjiciathoni<strong>in</strong>ibus,ut<strong>in</strong><br />

f<strong>in</strong>u Codano lucc<strong>in</strong>um, conclias&margaritas. Quarto demum aftus mar<strong>in</strong>us<br />

<strong>per</strong>utilis e(t navigationi, ut ex<strong>per</strong>imento liquet, ciim naves ad (iibeundum portum acce^Tu<br />

marispromoveancur,ejusdemquerece(ru<strong>in</strong>altum evehi confijefcant.<br />

ConcluGo tertia, Diluviumuniver(ale,qualefuitNoeticum,naturaHteracciderenon<br />

poccft. Racio eftjquod<strong>in</strong>mari&aerenonfit tantumaqux, utpofl<strong>in</strong>ttegere etiam fummos<br />

montes Nec etiam congruebat,utnatur£Eau6l:or Deus, ficcaulasphyficas componeret, ut<br />

i<strong>in</strong>iverii ord<strong>in</strong>em <strong>per</strong> fe <strong>in</strong>vertere, & totam terram, quam hom<strong>in</strong>i <strong>in</strong>colendam dedit , obruere<br />

aliquando po^Tent. Ideoque Deus fublunaris mundi diuturnitati confulens, eum con-<br />

trariis cal ido & f rigido ; ficco & humido attem<strong>per</strong>avit , ut unumquodq;alterius fibi adverfarii<br />

licentiam cohiberec.<br />

Quaeres : quo (e abdideric immenfa illa aquarum vis , qu£E diluvii tempore fijpra editiffimorummontiumcacum<strong>in</strong>a<br />

qu<strong>in</strong>decimcubitos excrevit, Re(pondeo,credibiIee(repartim<br />

fe <strong>in</strong> lubterraneos (pecus conglobalie, partim <strong>in</strong> vapores & aerem abiilfe efficaciori div<strong>in</strong>x<br />

Virtutis concurdi.<br />

Conciufio quarta. Diluviaparticularia, feuuniuslociacprov<strong>in</strong>ciaenaturaliterpofTunt<br />

accidere & quidem hac de caula , quod vapores , qui deberent multis <strong>in</strong> locis dif<strong>per</strong>gi a ventis<br />

velaliiscaufiscongregentur<strong>in</strong>unumlocum,&ibire(blvantur <strong>in</strong> pluvias magnas, & diuturnas,<br />

qux prov<strong>in</strong>ciam <strong>in</strong>undent. Carterum tamen fi diluvia & <strong>in</strong>undationes nimis magns<br />

funcea ex<strong>in</strong>timisterrjeviiceribus, atqueabiisaquis, quaEubertim<strong>per</strong>icaturig<strong>in</strong>esfontium<br />

acflum<strong>in</strong>um elfunduntur, ortumtrahere,mihivaIdeprobabilevidetur. llnde ad hanc uberrimameftufionem<br />

proliciendam,<strong>in</strong>gentesplerumque <strong>in</strong> mari commotiones, ventorum<br />

turb<strong>in</strong>es,a;ftus&tempeftates<strong>in</strong>folentesplurimum atferre, atque (em<strong>per</strong> fere prjecedere (blent;<br />

dumenimaquasmar<strong>in</strong>asviolentoimpetu<strong>in</strong>fijbteraneos meatus protrudunt,atqueita<br />

nimium opplentur,rurfus tandem concepcasaquas <strong>per</strong> abditasScaturig<strong>in</strong>es effundere,& <strong>in</strong>undationesflum<strong>in</strong>um<br />

producere debent.<br />

Quancs; quxnam diluviorum &<strong>in</strong>undacionumfigna f<strong>in</strong>tprognofticaJRe^.primum eft,<br />

arefccntia&ficcitashumidorum corporum <strong>in</strong>fueta,(ignificatur enim vapores humidos elevatos<br />

elle & cont<strong>in</strong>u6elevari,donec abfcedentecalore condenfentur,& <strong>in</strong> pluvias tranfe-<br />

ant. Secundum eft, fi accedat etiam fbntium&flum<strong>in</strong>um exficcatio & de<strong>per</strong>ditio , vel i-<br />

pfius etiam maris vel ex parte, aut ex toto notabilis dim<strong>in</strong>utio ;declaravit enim Ariftoteles,<br />

marianovafieriexreliquismagnorum diluviorum,arefcere vero<strong>per</strong> regenerationem novorum<br />

diluvjorum. Tertium,fi<strong>in</strong> ^eftate appareant frequenter jacula,trabes,dolia &cometa?,iiqueniajores.<br />

iLipoft<strong>in</strong>gentemcometam vifumanno exeunte 1680. <strong>in</strong>eunte 168J. ufq;<br />

ad f. Februarii ; fubfecuta de<strong>in</strong>deanno fequenci i682.<strong>in</strong>Januario maxima <strong>in</strong>undatio variis <strong>in</strong> !<br />

Regionibus Europseis. Quartum, fi e ccelo, vel terra <strong>in</strong>folitae <strong>per</strong>cipiantur voces & murmura<br />

<strong>in</strong>fueta, veluti mugitus boum, quae vaporum copiofius afcendentium & elevatoium figns<br />

funt. Qi^<strong>in</strong>tumnovorum<strong>in</strong>luecorumanimalium, qusealias <strong>in</strong>lylvis aut terris, aut <strong>in</strong> aquis<br />

degerefolent,turmatim egredientium, & viftum qucerentium <strong>in</strong>folita apparitio. Denique<br />

folenttempeft3tes,turb<strong>in</strong>es,&fpiritusprocellarum <strong>in</strong> mari, <strong>in</strong>undationes& diluvia pnece-<br />

dere, fit enim ex his vehementibus commotionibus , ut fubterranea Hydrophylacia tanta aquarumrepleanturabundantia,<br />

utdterrce vifceribus <strong>in</strong> flum<strong>in</strong>a<strong>in</strong>tumelcentia erumpant.<br />

Et hcEC nobis circa conftitutionem maris dicenda efte vifa funt , <strong>in</strong> cujus magna parte tu-<br />

tius fueritad occultas naturce caulas confugere & comunem Philofbphorum ignorantiam fa-<br />

teri, exclamando cumEcclefiaftico : mirabilia o<strong>per</strong>aAltifrimi,gloriofa& ablconla.<br />

CON-


UTi<br />

Philofophico-Politica.<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Jufto bello animus non dejiciendus.<br />

H'j':'r .'.-s- X.3^ir~iZJi de'^Ltnr^<br />

alea/itacaurabelli fep^ dubia eft , & colotata. Ambltiofubtiliter <strong>in</strong>gredlensbetlandi<br />

jura puvpurat , &: honellatis obducic cocco , ftudia regnandi folius regni amore odiofa<br />

func& turpia : &: Martiustf///" hnor folu*n bellandiamore efferus eft & barbarus. Ju*<br />

ftitia- fideique propaganda: gratia chalybem acuere , & <strong>in</strong> Bellonic arena dcfudarc oportet^<br />

Keque enim Iblius navigationis caufafludus fcri marispetimus, ied littus ut teneamus,«<br />

nollra <strong>in</strong> exteros portus commercia transvehamus. Quis enim honeftatistitiilus, delicia-<br />

ri<strong>in</strong>aiieno fangu<strong>in</strong>e&purpura hom<strong>in</strong>isenfem p<strong>in</strong>gereybellu<strong>in</strong>umhoceft,&:cumeIephan.<br />

tis ex cruore corbellicolijm alfumere. Ultionis autfuroristitulusignobiliseftbelHcaufa. A«<br />

lienum eftopus aPoiicico nulla aut<strong>in</strong>jufta cau(a belligerare: SolaPaxbcllihnis eft. Nonpr3<br />

ofteniienda aliena republ. fed pro propria defendenda gladius geritur ; & folum pugnatur cru-<br />

ente, quianonpotedv<strong>in</strong>ci <strong>in</strong>cruente. Impius eft enfis,qui<strong>in</strong>juriam <strong>in</strong>fert: verum illatam<br />

tcno propulfare ferum non eft , fi olea non poteft. Qui cnim procellas fecando altum pelic,<br />

contemnendus non eft, fi malacia uti nondatur. Pudcndumxqueac<strong>per</strong>iculofumeft,<br />

temcrcac turpiter bellicasexcitare tempeftates, mare,tcrramqueprxiiis mifcere,&: <strong>in</strong> ho-^j^,^^^ ^<br />

ftili fangu<strong>in</strong>e lafcivire, AlicnifHmumab<strong>in</strong>juftisbellisAuguftum fuifTefcimus, qui (Sc<strong>in</strong>Mar- ^^^<br />

tis ultorisxde barbaros Pi<strong>in</strong>cipesjurare coegeric , fe <strong>in</strong> pace ac Hde manfuros, Mttlt! belldft-<br />

^.^ ^^ ^^<br />

fe


i86<br />

Mcteorologia<br />

nonterreaturteireusanimus,loricupeclus<strong>in</strong>du3t,contratorrcntemeat. Tandemhonacaufa<br />

triumphat. Innatatalcifnmisfluftibusarca,proceilaprocell:imauget,ipnimontiumcacum<strong>in</strong>a<br />

diluvio<strong>in</strong>volvuntur^univerfohom<strong>in</strong>umgre^emarisfaucibusabforpto : UlLcfa fu<strong>per</strong>nacat arca<br />

, altum mare dum fulcat, exalcatur. SHrgit.) fHrqemibns mdis, Si pleno diluvio tuas hoftis<br />

terras <strong>in</strong>nundet, animo nondiffluas: jufticiabelliflabis<strong>in</strong>concuflus. S<strong>in</strong>iftricafus<strong>in</strong>altum<br />

te <strong>per</strong>iculum conjiciant , exercitus partem diripiant ,reipubl. navi exterm<strong>in</strong>ium m<strong>in</strong>entur:<br />

mentem erige , vultum ferena > lucratus es caulam, quia cenes jura bellandi: wHrmi <strong>in</strong>genii<br />

££c/ipJ,4:e(l^te{ic¥-gei\}[)pOi/iim»jerel diffidere alii^no lapfa ; cum exiguis morrtentis <strong>in</strong>cUnentHr omnia. , qng,<br />

C.2. <strong>in</strong> hellogcrnntnr. SsepetotiusAfricseMauricontraFerd<strong>in</strong>andumtertium CaftelHRegemtransfiretarunt,<br />

at Decumanos hos fludus victorfregit,ampliHimumquePr<strong>in</strong>cipatum Alphonfo<br />

decimoFilio fuo, amarimediterraneousqueadOceanumreliquit. lltaher Alexandertam<br />

^^fr/««gIoriofus<strong>in</strong>prceIiis, utcum nullo hofte congreftus, cujusnonviclor. Nullam urbem obfe-<br />

P


Philofophico-Politica. 187<br />

Condufio recunda. Flum<strong>in</strong>a m<strong>in</strong>ora , uti


l88<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

Conclufio fexta. Perennium fontium t fluviorumque praefertim majorum origlnem S<br />

mari ei\e. Nititur litec allcrtio hifce potiffimum argumentis. Primo, quia <strong>in</strong>credibilc o.<br />

mn<strong>in</strong>o videtur , ut <strong>in</strong> priori Conclufione <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>uatum , tantum aqua: ex vaporibus & aere <strong>in</strong> ter.<br />

IX f<strong>in</strong>u generari , aut ex deciduis imbribus profluere, ut ad tam magnum fbntaniE &: fluvialisaqux<br />

dekuxum, &:adtot(caturig<strong>in</strong>esreplcndasfijfficiat. Secundo,quiaaiioqu<strong>in</strong>nullaaffig.<br />

naretur caufa fiifficiens , cur ex <strong>per</strong>petuo fluviorum accefiu mare non redundaret. Qupmodo<br />

v.g.tammultiamnesexPerfide,exTattaria &:Morcoviadecurrant<strong>in</strong>mareCarpium: ac<br />

maxime/^»/^^ fluvius , qui ut fi:ribitP Fornarius <strong>in</strong> Hydrograpliia, (eptuag<strong>in</strong>ta duobus oftiis<br />

<strong>in</strong>ip(ummareCafpium devolvitur,nectamen appareat ullum <strong>in</strong>de acci<strong>per</strong>c <strong>in</strong>crementura,<br />

Idemque<strong>in</strong>mediterraneo, &<strong>in</strong>Oceano <strong>per</strong> proportionem videmusconc<strong>in</strong>geire. Quarene-<br />

cefie eft, <strong>per</strong> meatus fijbterraneos diffluere vim illam aquarum , qua; pepetua veluti circulationeredeatadealoca,<strong>in</strong>quibusvulgodeprchendunturfluviorum<br />

aciontium fcaturig<strong>in</strong>es. Ad-<br />

de , quod quatuor illa paradifi flum<strong>in</strong>a non potuer<strong>in</strong>t ex vaporibus , aut ex pl uviis gigni, quia eru<strong>per</strong>untfiibito<br />

adim<strong>per</strong>iumDei;nequeullacommodiorvia fuppetit ad explicandamflum<strong>in</strong>umorie<strong>in</strong>em,quamfidicamus,<strong>per</strong>fbfiase(reaDEOcanales<strong>in</strong>tcrradietertia,<strong>per</strong>quosaqua<br />

derivetut" i mari ad ora flum<strong>in</strong>um. Quod ipfum & div<strong>in</strong>s littera c^p. Eccl. ;. non obfcure do-<br />

centillis verbis; omnlajltim<strong>in</strong>a <strong>in</strong>trant<strong>in</strong>mare-) &marenon redmdat ; ad locnm-^ mde exenm fiumi- .-<br />

m,revertmtur, 'ititerumflnmt. ^<br />

Opponestamencontraprimo. Aquafontium&fluviorum dulcis efl, cum tatnen ex<br />

mari non promanet ulla nifi (alfa , unde ex mari non derivatur. Refpondeo , ideo aquam flum<strong>in</strong>isdulcem<br />

efre,quamvisemariderivetur,quia<strong>per</strong> terrae venas&hbras, <strong>per</strong>queanfradus<br />

mukipiicesverberata & eliquata transcolatur,& amaritud<strong>in</strong>em deponit. Cui rei non parum<br />

etiam contertvis ignium fubterraneorum, nam horum beneficio attenuantur , exlpirantque<br />

lalis fpiritus illiadmixti. Sicut, fi <strong>in</strong> alembico caloremoderato difliilletur aqua ma-<br />

ris,evaditdulcis.<br />

Opponesfecundo,qu6dhocmodononvideatur,quarationeaqu3fuopte<strong>in</strong>geniogravis<br />

poffit afcendere e mari <strong>in</strong> aldffimos montes , e quibus tani multa flum<strong>in</strong>a erumpunt. Rclpon-<br />

deo, caufam hujus afcenfus pofie efle primo ignes fubterraneos,quibus aqua vaporatur fiirlum<br />

adterraefupcrficiem,<strong>per</strong>cujusnaturaletiigusadden(:ita,iterum <strong>in</strong> terram redit, ficut videmus<br />

<strong>in</strong>alembicis. Undefoepeaquilegesfupracaplta fondum niliil iuveniuntnifirofcidosla-<br />

pides,&terramhumecf:atara. H<strong>in</strong>cfignumedam venx latendseft,fimanevaporemtenU"<br />

em e terra fublatumvideas,uttraditVitruviuslib.8.c.i. EtheEcetiampoteritefl^eratio,,cur<br />

hibernotemporeabundantioresf<strong>in</strong>taqua: tbntium, quia fcilicetplures<strong>in</strong> terra; vifceribus <strong>in</strong>cluduntur(piritus,aquibusvaporaripotlitaqua.<br />

Hanc obcaufam igitur abundare montes<br />

folentfontibus, quiaignesplerumquehabentfuppofitos. Secundo,cau(a e(fepoteft,qLiod<br />

aquaexmari<strong>in</strong>canalesfijbterraneosprofu(a,tanto pondere <strong>in</strong>cumbentis ipiius maris urgea-<br />

tur,ut ccgaturetTerri fiirilim.<br />

Ncquedicas,fu<strong>per</strong>ioremaquamnonpremere contra<strong>in</strong>feriorem,n3m dico,verum e(re<br />

illud, ubi <strong>in</strong>fcrior eandem habet gravitatem cum fu<strong>per</strong>iori. Quia autem exmari efFunditur<strong>per</strong><br />

tradtus (ubcerraneos,ob variam illam .^gitadonem &reverberationcm , dum o.b caloris (ubter-<br />

^ranei admixtionem,dequomodoajel)3mus-,attenuatur, efficiturquelevior. Etverodubium<br />

non eft , qu<strong>in</strong> aqua dulcis levior (jt , quam (al(a.<br />

Tercia cau(a eiie poteft terra; ficcitas , qu'.v aquam fugit <strong>in</strong>ftar fpongia: Sc em<strong>in</strong>entioribus<br />

Iocisreddit,(icutcont<strong>in</strong>gerevidemus<strong>in</strong>pannis&:pane. Aliidemunietiamvicoeleftiumcorporum<br />

furfum attrahi aquam cenienr.<br />

Opponestertio. Siflui-n<strong>in</strong>a&fbntesex.mariortumducunt,nunquam deberent deficere,autexficcari,quodtamen<br />

(Lepe condngit. Refpondeo,verum illudefie,maximc deiis<br />

fondbusquioriunturex acrevapido,d:aquispluvialibus. Qu.anquam & fluvii,qui ex marii<br />

promanant, poff<strong>in</strong>t <strong>in</strong>terdum deficere, li collabentibus terris, canales eorum obftiuantur.l<br />

Pra'terea fierihocpoteft obnovamfylvae,arborumqueprocrcadonem,quiaha;ulig<strong>in</strong>em terra',&aquamfibi<strong>in</strong><br />

alimentumadvocant. Pariter novageneradoalicujus lacus iubterranei<br />

caufaeflrepotcfl:,^ quo aqua<strong>in</strong>terrxfu<strong>per</strong>ficiem dcrivatur. His additAriftoteles racionem,<br />

quod terra: parces <strong>in</strong>teriores,quemadmodum animancium d: plantarum corpora fenedlam habeant<br />

& (icciores evadant, ideoque neceflkio fonces evaneicere. Ita <strong>in</strong> Arcadia fontcs & fluviosaruifiTe,<br />

Ihecphraflcs nocavit. Aqua pariter fluxit, ubi nunc Graecia habitatur.<br />

Exquo&illudcoUiges, quomodolie<strong>per</strong>epenteflum<strong>in</strong>acrumpancfienim (ylvx exftic'.<br />

pentur,aquafylvarum nutrix ablatis arbonbus otiofa , <strong>in</strong> fluv<strong>in</strong>m fe efFundir. _ Sicfecit alU<br />

quandoaquarum <strong>in</strong>opsHxmus, fed cumGallorum gensaCafisndro ob(efla,<strong>in</strong> illum (edes<br />

Iiaastranstuiifict,acfylvascecidifi:et, <strong>in</strong>gens aquarun^ copia .apparuic, quam videJicet <strong>in</strong> ali.;<br />

<strong>in</strong>cntum flium prius nemora trahebant, ,<br />

CON-<br />

I


Philolophico-Politica. 139<br />

CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />

Obfcuri natales ddiis illiiflrandi.<br />

y^^^^ri^a ^i^irtci/<br />

FLnmhama^iiAvidcs^M-visdc fuiit-husorta. Qvid. Accedenobiii(lTmifluviorumDanubiHn- q^-^ i .<br />

cunabula,levipederr.<strong>in</strong>sva(!;ibis. Tamvaflis augmcntis ab occidentc ad orientem de- rcmtj<br />

currit,utrcxai;<strong>in</strong>ta(ScampIiu>.rium<strong>in</strong>um nibutario accctTu velutmareadaudus, <strong>in</strong>mare<br />

Eux<strong>in</strong>um fe prcecipitet. Et haud lecundi ab Klro Bum<strong>in</strong>is Rheni pr<strong>in</strong>cipia (i <strong>in</strong>dages , ad<br />

tenucm ovtum vel<strong>in</strong>tjntescoiludunt. In talcm HuviorumGigantem excreicit , utvolantium<br />

n.avium vclis rcmisi]ue (e fubrtcTnai, nonniii vadillimo mari cedat, ab Oceanoabforptus.<br />

Adeo utvera(iteloquent<strong>in</strong>Tmi virorum (ententia : Omnium rerum pr<strong>in</strong>cipia parvafant ifedfuis q. ,<br />

frogrtlfioKibns uju Au^tntHr. Maxim.irummolesarborumexiguo (cm<strong>in</strong>e na(cuntur. Nonne V/ *<br />

fieJcJa fo'cnt <strong>in</strong>cendia famere vires: Horat. Nonne Ifla , cju.<strong>in</strong>tumvis exigua <strong>in</strong> majas excedunt? tt t<br />

Qujmvis levia morborum <strong>in</strong>itia ftrpunt ) CT ttara corpora m<strong>in</strong>ima <strong>in</strong>terdum mergit acctjfio^i Scne- " *<br />

Ca. Me vero non clam e(i , max''morum Jipe bellorum tcnuijfima pr<strong>in</strong>cipia , centemptijjifnaq^ f'*'jT^' c<br />

Perjicum ex Meandri y,amii cnm ^ihcnie^fbus dijfidio fuiffe crtum pcrhihent. Pcloponneftcum pro- ' '*<br />

pter Mergarenjium tahll.tnt. iE!i:;niis. Llt malorum , (ic bonorum paituum <strong>in</strong>itia tenuia^^!^ ,<br />

funt, (ed progreflli uugcntur. \'irgula a (lipite reci(a par rit matri arbori : umbrasque terris , ^<br />

reddit '^ & caelo nemus. Seneca. Longiflimi *<br />

ftemmatisgencthliacamrbores tenui radice exur- ^<br />

'<br />

gunt. Non contcmncndi funt nutalcs tenucs : qualis quis e(t : non u qualibus , attenden- c''dum.<br />

Ncm<strong>in</strong>i hactcnus viluit aurum, licct oblcurisnatalibuscterra'vi(ccribusa-utum, Et^'^' V<br />

tanto funt <strong>in</strong> pretio magis gcmmci partus , quando rarius , quod ;\ rudi ac impolira gcnitrice e- ' •<br />

ducentur. Non te dejiciat , Policice, cunabulorum ignobilitas ; tetuo adde, te <strong>per</strong>tice;<br />

nam &Heroum (iatu-.E acque colodi abjedtos /;w^j/«,Tcrram fortiuntui. Vanum eft praecer avici<br />

Aa ikxi-<br />

'


[90<br />

Metcorologia<br />

^rilict l latigu<strong>in</strong>is fyllabum numerare n\\v\\ Nobiles iidemum videntm cffe^ <strong>in</strong> cjuibu! majorum virtm <strong>in</strong>efi.<br />

Pelit.s<br />

r/!Q."'od naturanegavit, imicando aliequere: & qucm rudi e l<strong>in</strong>ea ortumtraxifti, coloresno-<br />

*biliumadapta,exeorumla(3:istep<strong>in</strong>ge. Qu£e lausfatuorum ignium, quod fereniflimamSo-<br />

lis majeftatem patrem habeant , quando ipH tenues IL<strong>in</strong>t fc<strong>in</strong>tilla: <strong>in</strong>ter tenebras evanidae^<br />

Gloriofius magislucem e tenebris eruere : quamluce ortumleipfum turpibustencbrisfepe-<br />

Stob.ferm.WxQ. Nec\m frumentum optimumjudicandnmi dlcehntSocYateS', ijitod<strong>in</strong>pulcherrimoagronatumeflt<br />

t4, fed<br />

cjtiod commode nutrit : ne(]ue vir honHS , cjui genere claras^fid cjui morihus egregiis fuerit. Sspd<br />

ex hortorum florilegio fp<strong>in</strong>a; & urticxpullulant : atad aratrum & ftivam educati Abdolonimi<br />

&Bambic lccptro rotando feaptant. Ifte adRegnum Hifpanix moderandum afTumptus,<br />

fua virtuteMaurosHilpanict littoracum ducentis navibus <strong>in</strong>greflbs fudit , clafTemque fuc-<br />

cendit. liie cx liibuibani hoi ti cultura ab Alexandro Magno Sydoniis pr&ledus Rex,tum ju-<br />

£^«^'./.fti, tumfapientisPr<strong>in</strong>cipisnomen tenuit : dicente caufam fucepromotionis Alexandro : Ne<br />

*» cjuisfortc cxfflimet^ me non vtrtiiti^ fed generi regnum trihuijje. E Terra , ignobili matre , flotum<br />

^rift. /./.reg<strong>in</strong>a pvodit rofa, orig<strong>in</strong>is vilitatempulchritud<strong>in</strong>edomeftica compenfans. Quod i» pr<strong>in</strong>cideccelu.<br />

piothodicum f/?, <strong>in</strong> f<strong>in</strong>e ft <strong>per</strong>cju^m magnum. Degenerefi columba es natus, tu marte proprio<br />

'<br />

e.iS, ^d Solem evola. Utnonomnes matre aquilanata'Solem ferunt, fed multae rupibus allifae<br />

degeneris naturae pxnasluunt: Itamult<strong>in</strong>ataiium characlereignobilesaquilamrexerunt,fu-<br />

c3eterorumvertices,im<strong>per</strong>io<strong>in</strong>fignes. S.P. Q^R.CajumMariumgenere ignobilem belli<br />

fira<br />

m<strong>per</strong>atorem contrajugurtham elegit,adverfariisreponentem : Contcmfsunt novitatem «Kam,<br />

^'flit*!'. "i ggo illorum i^iaviatff. Adihifortuna ^ aliis probra objeHantur. Quamquam ego naturam unam (tr<br />

JitgHrt, communem omnium exiftimo effe ., fed fortijjimnm qmmcjue generofijfimum. Stagnantes lacunaeOlympodepluo,<br />

autmaris eluvionatK confluxerunt <strong>in</strong>valles. NumideoglorioftEfunt,cum<br />

turpimarcefcentesotio, nataliumceKitud<strong>in</strong>emputred<strong>in</strong>e commaeulant? obfcurus qui natus<br />

eft,<strong>in</strong>lucemfiproprio volatu emergat, Solis filius eft. Aureus fis , licet plumbeis parenti-<br />

Annaks bus natus. CarotusCsfarParifienlesfcholas <strong>in</strong>greftlis, pau<strong>per</strong>es ftudio <strong>in</strong>fignes dignitati-<br />

Varifiof. bus ornavit, nobilibusdefidibus rejedlis. Sigismundus Imp. a MagnatibusreprehenlLis,Qb-<br />

Spieg. <strong>in</strong> fcurieneris pullos, obvirtutem&litterasquod elevet : Qiiidni amem eos^ rcpof-tit., e^uos natuj£n.<br />

Sylv. ra cceteris antecellere voluiti Non tu parentibus & patrije probro es , fi , ciitfi illi mali f uer<strong>in</strong>t &<br />

Tac.l. i. ignobileSjtu bonusfis. Dedecuseftpatns,patri£eque, quifolagloriaturiangu<strong>in</strong>isclaritate,<br />

annal. ipfe faftis obfcurus. Agrippam ignobilem Auguflus sftimavit, quia virtutibus nobilem.<br />

Ji.iEl.1.2. Tull.HoftiliumRomanuspopuluse tugurio evexit adThronum,quia meritis bonurn. Sic<br />

rer.HiJp, nihilnonparvum fieripoteftmagnum. RomanumIm<strong>per</strong>ium,^«o^///»^/V <strong>in</strong> omnes im<strong>per</strong>ium,<br />

SUttdian.primia^ dedit cunabuLi juris ., difpcrfit cftm Sole manu^ : Qu^os natales numerat? F<strong>in</strong>ibHs exi^nis , par<br />

' umoleo<br />

vaj^Afedtprefeiia,<br />

EGimus<br />

Claudianus.<br />

QU^STIO II.<br />

De ohfer^vationibus hydrogrwmicisfontium, eorumque<br />

'venis ^ fcaturig<strong>in</strong>e.<br />

deortufontium; nunc qua;damcirca eorum<strong>in</strong>dica, venas


Philofophico-Politica. 191<br />

Pneter cniimerataaVitruvio<strong>in</strong>dicium labentisaquxetiam eflepotcfl:,prim6 fi virentium<br />

hcrbai iim 6i arborum copia locum veltiat. Qiio argumento cxflat cpifl.ola Thcodorici<br />

primiOflrogothorumRegisapudCafl^odorumvar.lib. ^.c.yi. cx qua iflha-c vcrba cxccrpta:<br />

Terris^cjnihus dulcis hnmor non longe jnbefi > uhaUis cjuorundam germ<strong>in</strong>uT» fimfcr arridet., ut efljt<strong>in</strong>cus<br />

aquatilis^ awnA tevi*-) rubus validus jalix knta-, fofulusvircns ti^reliqua arborum genera •, , quA lamen<br />

ttln^a fi.ituram fitam feliciproceritate luxuriant.<br />

Secundo. llbievagantiumranarumagmen terramobfidet. ImoPI<strong>in</strong>iusetiam exiisdem<br />

animalculislatentemaquamdeprehcnderedocet,firanal'u<strong>per</strong>ventrem»Scpcclus diujacensobfervetur.<br />

Tertio. Colligi exterrcequalitnte&natura; <strong>in</strong>argillofanempe dulcis; <strong>in</strong> topho frigida<br />

re<strong>per</strong>itur. Glarea <strong>in</strong>certas, lcdboniodoris aquas (pondet; (abulumexarena carbunculolacertas,<br />

flabiics


VirgH.U,<br />

iKprecem.<br />

192<br />

<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />

fariiviribus, ac copiis , locorum fitu & <strong>in</strong>geniopotelt judicare.<br />

roflh excelluic<br />

W-2Xadcrr<br />

:<br />

Hic Fridericus ilie Barbii-<br />

Ardttafoliclto hjlrabatmceniagrejju.,<br />

SpeMatmuros^Jpedabat roboravalliy \<br />

Qu£q; locum vajto c<strong>in</strong>gebant aggerefojfas y<br />

(^£q\viam c£ptis facilem fortmia parare,<br />

Tuta videbatur, curd ftudioq\ fagaci<br />

Acriter <strong>in</strong>tendens , oculis ^ mente notabat.<br />

Surgant contra te hollilesexercitus, mach<strong>in</strong>cntur ferrcos imbres: tu aureis armisob-<br />

via ,<strong>in</strong>imicas <strong>in</strong>fidias prsvola fcientiaexcipe: validius,certiusquevmcuntargente£e,quam<br />

ferrece hall£E,maeniMacedoniseftmonitum. Auream fementem Iparge , at meflem feras<br />

vidloriam contrrhoftem, ejus arcana confiHa <strong>in</strong>vertendo. Nihil m Im<strong>per</strong>atore belh laudabilius,quam<br />

hoftis fuideliberationes prsnofcere. Ingennaciemhictoram<strong>in</strong>tendifle vi-<br />

detur IuliusC£EfarumParens( &:velmaximeArioviftusfenfit)hoftis <strong>in</strong>tentum <strong>in</strong>dagare , at<br />

non f<strong>in</strong>e num<strong>in</strong>epecunia. Explora, quid adverfarius conclufent, arcanis decretis mtendc!<br />

Trfc/V./.v.muneribus tibi viam pandes ; nam : Pr£mio cmlia funt <strong>per</strong>via.<br />

--^' C^UiESTIO 111.<br />

Satisjpr 'variis adhuc aUts ^nccfitis defontium ^<br />

Q'<br />

ilum<strong>in</strong>um ajfe^iomhus.<br />

tlxres I. Unde oriatur diverlitas iaporum , & medica virtus variorum fontiura? Re-"<br />

fpondco , quod primo oriri pollit ex eo , quod terra , ex qua oievantur vapores ,<br />

fit<br />

^<br />

m<strong>in</strong>e-


Philoropliico-Politica. 193<br />

m<strong>in</strong>eralis, ac pro<s