Meteorologia philosophico-politica : in duodecim dissertationes per ...
Meteorologia philosophico-politica : in duodecim dissertationes per ...
Meteorologia philosophico-politica : in duodecim dissertationes per ...
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551.5<br />
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£>\\D\e.v*NS<br />
L I B RAnY<br />
OF THE<br />
U NIVER5ITY<br />
Of ILLINOIS<br />
X551.5<br />
R27m<br />
Rare Book & Special<br />
Collactiens Library
Digitized by the Internet Archive<br />
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http://www.archive.org/details/meteorolog1aphil00re<strong>in</strong>z
METEORO<br />
LOGIA<br />
PHILOSOPHICO<br />
POLITICA,<br />
IN DUODECIM DISSERTATIONES<br />
PER QU^STIONES METEOROLOGICAS<br />
ET CONCLUSIONES POLITICAS DIVISA, APPO-<br />
SITISQUE SYMBOLIS ILLUSTRATA:<br />
OLIM<br />
HONO%I<br />
AVGVSTI ROMANORVM REGIS<br />
JOSEPHI I.<br />
^ INSCRIPTA,<br />
NUNC DENUO AD MULTORUM DESIDE-<br />
RIUM IN LUCEM CORRECTIOR EDITA,<br />
AUTHORE<br />
%EFERENT>0 TATRE<br />
FRANCISCO REINZER,<br />
eSOCIETATE JESU, AA. LL ET PHILOSOPHIiE,<br />
NEC NON SS. THEOL. DOCTORE.<br />
Ciim Privilegio Sacra Caf. Alaj.<br />
AUGUST^. VlNDELICORUM,<br />
Impenfis JEREMIv^: WOLFII, ChalcographicarArtisPropolse.<br />
lyp^f PETRI DETLEFFSI/.<br />
Anno DCCIX.
C; "<br />
/.<br />
't ,Ai
^ '^ '{@)
modo naturali , fed & morali Philofophise , aux <strong>in</strong> eodemtradun-<br />
tur Lyceo, <strong>in</strong>nituntur. S<strong>in</strong>e hac nemo Philofophus abfolutus , fed<br />
ne homo quidem 5 Oimm enim homo, Ariftotele tefte, naturaUter eft a-<br />
mmalPoliticum & civile. Digeftum fic ex probatiflimis Authonbus<br />
nova hac forma opufculum, fi nihil tamen lippienti oculo novum<br />
videbitur, cogitet, nec aliena car<strong>per</strong>e &:moraere modo novumef-<br />
fe. B.e(5]:e Socrates , difficik efl ita quidquam <strong>per</strong>agere ut nihil erres; qnodfi<br />
etiamf<strong>in</strong>e errore quisquam aliquid<strong>per</strong>agat , difficile efl, non <strong>in</strong>iquumjudicem reprire.<br />
Interim libi mchora parandi neccffitatem imponit , qui ut<br />
trita (<strong>per</strong>nit aliena. Peflimum fem<strong>per</strong> judicium eft , ubi non mens<br />
fed dens fententiam fert. Et quod ridiculum eft : Ssepe praeoccupatus<br />
f<strong>in</strong>iftro affecftu animus jam <strong>in</strong> cenfuram o<strong>per</strong>is hnguam&calamum<br />
expedit, quod necdum vidit oculus , mmus mens legendo<br />
dijudicavit.<br />
tri.<br />
Ita ftomachante animo peftimi rerum efficimur arbi-<br />
Imbecilhtatem tamen noftram &: mentis &: calami ultro pro-<br />
fitemur 5 quid enim noftrum <strong>in</strong> orbe <strong>per</strong>fecflum V ut vita , fic fcri •<br />
pta errore non vaeant. Undc & mihi parces facile , qui & fcriben-<br />
ti tibi parci velis, Tu <strong>in</strong>terim benevoIcLedtor & a^quus rerum ac-<br />
ftimator fic opufculum hoc velim <strong>per</strong>volvas , ut dum <strong>in</strong>telledum<br />
Philofophica pafcis curiofitate , animum una <strong>in</strong> admirandam Au-<br />
thoris Naturae fapientiam obtutu convertas, utpote, quae non folum<br />
<strong>in</strong> magnis magna,fed& <strong>in</strong> m<strong>in</strong>imis maxima relucet. Nam ut<br />
nonm<strong>in</strong>us fapienteracpiefagaciflimus Meteororumcontemplator<br />
Fromondus mquit : ideo natura , aut naturje Author DEUS haec<br />
prodigia coeleftia , & mira m coelo ph^nomena m alto fufpendit^<br />
atque ocuhs noftris expofuit, ut fufpiceremus Creatoris <strong>in</strong> mirabi-<br />
I..<br />
libus Sapientiam oc Majeftatem. Sic igitur meo laborc<br />
frucre 6c valc.<br />
DIS-
iiitiiiitiiitiiiiiitiiittiitti<br />
5 'tA; iJks ttj i.'w V ' .£\JtAie.'J5AseAj«AitAie/V5«Ai<br />
vJ t w lo saj i-\i 4.^5 i\i sAs i\i SAS ic eA; jA<br />
::*?<br />
UT<br />
5«.-,, r
2<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
(em<strong>per</strong> confiftat legione aeriSi exhalatio autem ficca fit, Sc refbluta ex ipfa terra fep4<br />
<strong>in</strong> iupremam rcgionem cvolet, eo quod ciim fir ficca, facilius imprefTum calorem lervet, qudni<br />
vapor. Nec obtbic id, quod aprobatis Autfioribus afTeritur ; videlicet e terra Solis vi tepefafta<br />
utrumquereddihalitum,idenimproptereadicunt, quodterra&aquaplurimis <strong>in</strong> locis mixtaM<strong>in</strong>t.<br />
Qua de caufa tit, ut Ixpe exhalatio & vapor h<strong>in</strong>c mixtim ferantur ; tametfi ubi<br />
ad mediam venere acris regionem, fbcictate divulfa plerumque fubfiftat vapor , exhalatio vero<br />
nltiiis promoveatur.<br />
Controverfia major efl, utrum fubflantialiter differantab elementis»Vapor&exhalatio,<br />
cui ut relpondeam, fit<br />
Conclufiotertia. Vapor tSc exhalatio non difFeruntab elementis, terra nempc&aqua,^<br />
quibus educuntur, nifi accidenialitcr nempe rationecaloris, raritatis dc levitatis imprefife.<br />
Ratio efti. quia iIlihalitusfacileiterum<strong>in</strong>eiementumrefoIvuntur,namfiolI(E buUienti o<strong>per</strong>culum,<br />
vel cailidcm imponas, vapores colletti rurfus <strong>in</strong> guttascoalefcunt, argentumvivum<br />
vafc a<strong>per</strong>to <strong>in</strong>clufum diilipatur, 6c <strong>in</strong> fumumabit; fervatum vcrd <strong>in</strong> o<strong>per</strong>to vale non m<strong>in</strong>u-<br />
itur <strong>per</strong> duosannos; thuris, tulplruris
Philofophico-Politica.<br />
quia v<strong>in</strong>um gelatum ctiam prout fic non amittit denom<strong>in</strong>ationem v<strong>in</strong>i, licut amittunt illius<br />
vapores. Rcrp,z.dato nonconcciro antecedentenegoconlequcnriam,diIparitasenimpr2ter<br />
rationem fu<strong>per</strong>ius adduttam,ex co quoquc dari poflcc, quod nos hic non loquamur de<br />
vaporibus Sc exhalationibus, qua: clevantur a coiporibus mixti.'>, quule cfl: v<strong>in</strong>um, led quae<br />
eievantur a corporibus fimplicibus,
4<br />
CumSapientiaf<strong>in</strong>evirtuteproccdescautd ;<br />
Metcorologia<br />
rednonpid,im6alteraf<strong>in</strong>calcer(hne
Philofophico-Politica. 5<br />
frigefcit Sc rcfblvitur <strong>in</strong> aquam. Ex auo colliges, caufam formalem efTe dupliccm, unam<br />
fubftantialem,a!teram accidcntalem ; lubftantialis iila eft, ex quaMeteorum prodit,
6<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
vaporum polleant. H<strong>in</strong>c nataAftrologia illa naturaIis,qusex<strong>per</strong>imenris&:obrervarionibus<br />
nixa juxca Lunx, aliorum Planctarum motuSiphafes
Qu.<br />
Pliilofophlco-PoIiriCc^<br />
us, Auitm rfs Ni47nh:e prapfr/o fi
8<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
tes, magno nifia eruptlonem moliantur, Sc terram concutiant Ubi vero ulig<strong>in</strong>ofa humida*<br />
que deprehenditur, ibi <strong>in</strong> rivulos&fontium fcaturig<strong>in</strong>es fe diffundit. Ubi demum fulphu*<br />
lea&c bitum<strong>in</strong>ofa eft,fatuosignesfuccendit,varia m<strong>in</strong>eralia excoquit^ fubterraneo igne accedente.<br />
Secunda fedes eft (<strong>in</strong>us aquje,cujus naturae proprietas eft frigus <strong>in</strong> fummo,&:humoriii<br />
gradu excellenti. Atutterra, ita&htec alias affeftionum fubit diffcrentias, quandoquiderri<br />
hic ceftuat & buUit , illic alget; hic dulcis, illic falfa) nitrofa, alum<strong>in</strong>ofa, fulphurea, &<br />
bitum<strong>in</strong>ofa eft. Atque ubi v. g. fulpliur vehit, exfpirationem edit viventibus <strong>per</strong>niciofarn<br />
ac lcthalem. Sic ex lacu Campania; Averno, antequam fylvis, quibus vefliebatur, casfis, aercm<br />
feciffetAgrippa <strong>per</strong>flabilem, adeo fpiftk exhalationes prodibant, ut advolantibus avibus<br />
mors eifent. Sic pariter <strong>in</strong> maximis Bajani friftiolis fcrobs eft, cujus aqua tam calidos<br />
exhalat vapores, ut cerii liquefcente ext<strong>in</strong>guantur candelx ; tam Iethiferos,ut hom<strong>in</strong>es cor-<br />
repti, mortui repente concidant. Ex adverfb fcribit Camer. cent.7. Mirab. mem. ad paludemAgnani<br />
<strong>in</strong> Italia montem effej<strong>in</strong>quo fpeIuncaanguftacIementerdeorfiimvergit,Ionsi*<br />
tud<strong>in</strong>cm pedum o£to cont<strong>in</strong>ens. Solum ejus pede velmanu tentatum reliquo fentitur cali-<br />
dius. Injeftum animal peftifero exam<strong>in</strong>at halitu ; fenfli «Scmotu privat,ftatim fi extraxeris;<br />
vic<strong>in</strong>tE vero confeftim <strong>in</strong>jeftum paludi vitx (mirum) reftituitur. Plura referre abft<strong>in</strong>eo, dc<br />
quibus agendi erit locus.<br />
Tertia fedes eft receptaculum aeris, <strong>in</strong> quo oriuntur, qux proprieMeteora nuncupafti<br />
tur. Dividitur autem univerfus aer <strong>in</strong> tres regiones, veluti Sphsericas, <strong>in</strong>fimam, mediam, fiii<br />
premam,quarum unaaIiamcompIe6tatur,utbene canitPontanuS lib.de Meteor.cap.ig»<br />
Prima aqne patietis ejl frigoT-h.atque caloris,<br />
Alternasqiie vices altenmforte repetidit,<br />
Vere tepens^ ajlate calens, eadem borrida britmd,<br />
Proxima ab <strong>in</strong>flexu radior<strong>in</strong>n amota maligmim<br />
Frigiis, (^ algentem late complexa rigor^m,<br />
In qiiem cxruleus pajjim vapor artits <strong>in</strong>errat,<br />
Vnde cadunt [imbres, unde i^ nix concitat alai<br />
XJltima torrenti fem<strong>per</strong> fitit usta calore<br />
Flammarum^conjueta vagos <strong>in</strong>volvere tortus.<br />
Infima igitur aerisregio eft,<strong>in</strong> qua degimus,quiE fe furfum extendit eo ufque,quo radiiSoIis<br />
reflexi <strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>gunt. Quod <strong>in</strong>tellige de radio reflexo, qui ejus eft roboris, ut calorem <strong>per</strong>ceptibilem<br />
producat. Nam alias dubium non eft, qu<strong>in</strong> radii Solis a terra reflexi eciam altius<br />
&adLunamc£eterosque Planetas <strong>per</strong>c<strong>in</strong>gant. Si enimLuna^ Venus aliiquePlanetx, qui o-<br />
pacitate fua terreno corpori fimiles funtjumen aSole receptum ad nosufque reflettunt, ergo<br />
&: terra idem lumen ad Planetas usque projicit» Nequc dubiUm eft , qu<strong>in</strong> aliquis fi iii<br />
Luna confifteret <strong>in</strong>terdiu, fpeftaret terram <strong>in</strong>ftar fideris plane <strong>in</strong>gentis fulgentem. Ibi ergo <strong>in</strong>fimaaerisregio<br />
term<strong>in</strong>atur,ubi radiiSolares a terrareflexi, tam debiles fLmt,Ut aftivitace fuS<br />
calefaftiva haud retardare valeant, quo m<strong>in</strong>us vapores & exhalationes ad naturale frigus rede^<br />
untes, <strong>in</strong> nubes condenfentur. Hxc Regio aeris fi humida eft, rorem \ fi frigida pru<strong>in</strong>am,<br />
li ficcaignem fatuum ^ignit. Ejus fu<strong>per</strong>ncies diftat aterra paflibus circiterqu<strong>in</strong>gentis,hoc<br />
eft,dimidiounomiIIiariItalico,quiatantundemdiftanta nobis nubes imbres terentes, quod<br />
cx<strong>per</strong>imento eorum liquet, qui altos montes confcendunt.<br />
Mediaregioaeriseft,qua:feadulcimam nubium fu<strong>per</strong>ficiem,five term<strong>in</strong>um, quo nubes<br />
& venti valent procedere, extendit. Numerac <strong>in</strong> profunditate paffus ter mille qu<strong>in</strong>gentos<br />
jdeft,tria milliarialtalica cum dimidio. CoIIigiturhoc exeo: quod montes trium milliarium<br />
cum dimidio altitud<strong>in</strong>is <strong>per</strong>pendicularis depreh endantur <strong>in</strong>terdum op erti nubibus & nivibus.<br />
Unde h^ec altiffima montium cacum<strong>in</strong>a non att<strong>in</strong>git, teftante Sol<strong>in</strong>o de Olympi vertice,<br />
cujusarenofopulveri imprefH charaderes vertenteanno <strong>in</strong>violati <strong>per</strong>durant, nec vento, nec<br />
imbre confunduntur: quo <strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>et illudLucani : NftUs excedtt Olymftu : ^atent fHmmti tenent^<br />
Addit quoque Divus Auguft<strong>in</strong>us lib.?. de Genef. ad lit. cap.i. <strong>per</strong>hiberi <strong>in</strong> vertice Olympi<br />
agrem effc adeo tenuem,utneque animal fuft<strong>in</strong>erevaleat, neque ipfoshom<strong>in</strong>es(fi qui fbrtd<br />
veIfacrificandi,vel<strong>in</strong>fpiciendorum fyderumcaufa illucarcender<strong>in</strong>t)crafTiori aurae fpiritualerepofnt,eosquc<br />
ferre folitos fpongias plenas aqua,unde fugant identidem humorem adreliigerandum<br />
cor,aliter ob fiammam illius;aeris tenuitatem & ficcitatem vivere nonpofl<strong>in</strong>t.<br />
Cxteriim regio hxc faecundifHma Meteororum mater eft, nivem &pluYiamj grand<strong>in</strong>em& fiil*<br />
piiaa pro varidcoeunuum halicuura diverfitateparturic.<br />
:<br />
Supre*<br />
'
Philofophico - Politica. 91<br />
Suprema tandemacfrisregio eftpacata, nubibus, vaporibus&: exhalationibus maxima<br />
expartevacans. Dicomaximaex purte, quia revera eo etiam alicjux exhalationcs <strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>gunt<br />
, ut patebit ex dicendis , unde hxc propria ignium pcndentium 6c Cometarum flatio eft.<br />
Attollituratcrrajuxtacommuniorcmop<strong>in</strong>ionemmilliaribusqu<strong>in</strong>quag<strong>in</strong>raduobus.LIndcciim<br />
plurimieditilHmimontesi<strong>in</strong>t, quorumju^anubes non conrcendunt,ncce(reelt , ut eorum<br />
vertcxulrraqu<strong>in</strong>quag<strong>in</strong>taduo milliariaaflurgat. Hujusmodi eflbpra-ter didumOlympum<br />
memoraturCaucalus<strong>in</strong>Alia, quem tellatur Ariftoteles i. Meteorc. ;.videri a navigantibus<br />
<strong>in</strong>Mceotidem, id ell a Ipatio milliariumffao.iSc tcrtia parte nodis ret<strong>in</strong>eriab eo loliscrcpulcujum<br />
; quod idemdc Ciliomonte Pl<strong>in</strong>iusretert lib. t)-. c. 22. Teneriftam apud Canarias<br />
afleruntHilpanieirealticud<strong>in</strong>isrexag<strong>in</strong>tamilliarium, pcrpcndiculum vero cjus cfle, ncvem<br />
milliarium
lo <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
miumfrlgusadverfaturnaturaeaeris, utpote calids , quare nequittantLim frigoris <strong>per</strong>petuo<br />
fervare. Accedit, quodabrille gravior elfet noftro, quo nos Huimur, cum frigus addenfandogravitatem<strong>in</strong>ducat,<br />
exquo fequeretur , quodalfiduaalternatione {iibiideret ea pars<br />
aerisfuopondere, &hsccertatim»fcenderet,quodabfurdunieft. Adhciecrcfponlioeft, etfi<br />
aernaturiifuafitcalidus, <strong>in</strong>mediatamenrcgionenontantijmcaloris po(]Tdcre,ut impediat,<br />
nefehalitus<strong>in</strong> nativifrigorisftatumv<strong>in</strong>dicent, prcefertim, ciim vapores aliquantulum cral-<br />
iioresf<strong>in</strong>t, &:fuacrafIitieaerisaaionemretardent ; Cum item ex (eplus frigorisrequirant,<br />
quam aer caloris ; fiquidemfuntaquece natura^ , cui ILimmum frigus debecur ; quo tit , ut<br />
major fit efficacitas forms vaporum ad pariendum <strong>in</strong> ip(is f tigiditatem <strong>per</strong> nacuralem emanationem,<br />
quamaerisadcalefaciendum, tiuxumque iilumnativifrigoris<strong>in</strong>hibendum.Similiter<br />
adfecundumrefpondetur, cumquidpiamicaeft contraprivacamuniusre<strong>in</strong>aturam, ucalioqu<strong>in</strong>confentaneum^necefTariumquefitnaturceuniverfali,<br />
fiveord<strong>in</strong>i ac <strong>per</strong>fcdioni univerfi,<br />
quo pa£to fe habet frigiditas ad aerem medice regionis, id <strong>per</strong>petuum effe poffe ; nec Ariftotelemdchujuscemodi<br />
vioIenCQ <strong>in</strong>celligidebere. Demum licecaermediceregionispropcer fiigusaliquidcontrahatgravitatis<br />
; graviorem tamen <strong>in</strong>fimamejusefre plagam, eo quodmultumhabeatconcrctionis<br />
terrex.<br />
Colliges, quamvis didlum fit, fedem propriam Meteororum efTe <strong>in</strong> tribus hifce aeris<br />
regionibus , credibile tamen effe, dari eciam q uasdam meceoricas impreslicnes proprid di£tas<br />
fu<strong>per</strong>omnemaerem, <strong>in</strong>traipfumquecoelumgenerari. Teftantur idAftronomi, quifatentur<br />
, Cometas fijpra Venerem & Lunam apparuiffe, Ec quis maculas 6c taculas Solis e Meteoris<br />
excludat? e3etamen<strong>in</strong>ipfoSolefunt,utaIibi,dicemus.<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Politicus<strong>per</strong>gradus aicendat<br />
rrh<br />
M-rtlhf.-kfi^nt<br />
Efto
Philofophico-Poiitica. H<br />
ESto ^s tibi b<strong>in</strong>as addiderim , ut evolcs ; & a DEO exiens ad DEIIM transfugias<br />
lente tamen feft<strong>in</strong>andum judico. Id , quod Augufto Ca;faii <strong>in</strong> proverbio erat : Fefi>»^<br />
lenic. Tresmeritorummercedes,acdignitatum nom<strong>in</strong>a Olympiapex ofteit : (ednoli,<br />
ftatim contcndere ad fummum. Per gradus eundum eft,non eludandum <strong>per</strong> laltum, aut l<strong>in</strong>d<br />
medio ad apicem connitendum. Cradattm honores deferantftr , & a mmoribus ad majora <strong>per</strong>ve- Lib.ii.fr.<br />
niatnr Uctubuspvrobolarius momentoafcendit, afcenfu deficit, <strong>in</strong> alto rumpitur : ita Ih-fdemK.<br />
ft<strong>in</strong>ata Gloria<strong>in</strong>calumeftprxceps. Neque01ympusconfcenditur,nilipedetentimneque<strong>in</strong> nerib. &<br />
altilllmaaeris regione , non tranfeundo<strong>per</strong>medium , confidetur; CedpauUiimut L. Aurel. honori^<br />
commodum dicendiufumhabebat. Fachalicumdterraemiflitium tumidoambitucxliapi- btts,<br />
ccm pctere:fulmen erit,& <strong>in</strong> idu oculidi(<strong>per</strong>ibit.Fac vaporem l<strong>in</strong>emora <strong>in</strong> aeris (librellia pene-<br />
trare:<strong>in</strong>pluviasabibit;qualipoenitentia dudlus repent<strong>in</strong>o ac <strong>in</strong>conlideratoafcendendiConlilio<br />
illucrvmaretur, Q»i majore <strong>in</strong>itio jufcipit , facife fuccitmbit & def<strong>per</strong>at : quivtro k mimmis<br />
<strong>in</strong>civit^lerriet Hti.-^ueft aliquMido robujlior , fdentior 6~ melior, c^uam ante fult ; utjam drpariafacile<br />
fu<strong>per</strong>et^& paulo majora tutius ag^ediatur. Simplicius, Portando aenum , ex<strong>in</strong>de vitulum eo ex- Simpnc.<br />
crevit Milo Crotoniatcs , ut & bovem libera manu ele vandi exceliuerit tacultate. Bt Remigem <strong>in</strong>Bpi^et.<br />
Arilto- /. i.<br />
ipnncipto aura m<br />
iiiic frieefcit. Succefivefitmotus Nequeenimdmultaneoictu lepncipitem Hydram cxcuftif- ^'iflopk.<br />
fet Hefcules, ni(i a cunis didiciffet, primo gloria: gradui <strong>in</strong>fiftere, ferpentes elidendo , uc -fc?«"«<br />
fuccellivotempore<strong>in</strong> DraconemSerpensexcrevic, ica (<strong>in</strong>gilladm lubfecando venenatas be- ^^'- '•<br />
ftias, alfuevitcongeftis viiibus feptem capita una dava glonolillima vidorix mefk re(c<strong>in</strong>- /"«•i-<br />
dcre.Laudatquetitum Flavium Vefpafianum Paneoyi iftaSuetonius, magis acmagis <strong>per</strong>ata- Sutton.ut<br />
cisgradus<strong>in</strong> eocorporis animique dotesex(plendui(fc. Paulatimii<strong>in</strong>abesignium,acnubi- vit.c.3^<br />
Vercttnabula ^utiam & dementa vlrmis procedente tcmporead<br />
um monteselementa cxcrefcunt :<br />
tlorii. cumulum penenitur. Nofteuna fung<strong>in</strong>alcunuu ,&:pcreunc: mora temporis Cedri aCfufgunt<br />
&lauri; & durantadxcernijm.<br />
QUiESTIO IV.<br />
/<strong>in</strong> etiam corpora mixta materiam proximam pr^eheant<br />
Meteoris.<br />
clariorcm Mcteororum <strong>in</strong> genere <strong>in</strong>tclligentiam non modicam adfert pracfens qu3c-<br />
ADftio<br />
de clHuviis Sc exhalationibus corporum mixtorum. llnde lit<br />
Conclulioprima. Nonterra tantiim&aqua, led&aliacorporamixtacmirtunttSc<br />
exfpirantqua;dame
• medicamenticumparticulisilliuscorporis,<br />
12 Mcteorologia<br />
TerdoomniapenScorporaetiamduriflimaigniadmotarefolvunturex paite (altem <strong>in</strong> vapo-<br />
res, quodexeodepreiienditur, utobrervatumeft<strong>in</strong>ipfoaurojquamvis communiter appel-<br />
letur <strong>in</strong>corruptibile. Ab humanis vero corporibus pro valetud<strong>in</strong>is conRitutione nunc lanas,<br />
nuncxgrasemitti ejttialationespiusquamcertumefl:. uEgrorumenimeffluvia propagata<strong>per</strong><br />
halitus contagio fatis manifeftat. De (anis vero teftatuu Verulamius , dum qutefito , cur Psdagogi<br />
plerumque (eros numerent annos , refpondet , ideo diu fanos , vegetosque vi vere, quia<br />
cont<strong>in</strong>uo cum juvenibus confortio emanantes ab iiis fpiritus magiS fanos , vic3le'sque trahunc.<br />
Manet igitur verum, aerera etiam corporummixtorum exhalationibus,(ivecorpufculis iftis<br />
m<strong>in</strong>imisceuatomisicatere, unoquidemlocohis, alio aliis prorerumdiveriitate, e quibus<br />
oriuntur.<br />
Conclufio (ecunda. Dida hsec corpuicula diiferentis <strong>in</strong>ter (e funt naturce. Ratio ex eo<br />
deducitur,qu6dplcraqueeftentiali fbrma non difterant a rebus , quarum funt corpufcula,<br />
non (ecus ac vapores atque exhalationes terrea: Sc aqueie non difFerunt a terra & aqua, Nec<br />
referc, quod<strong>in</strong>aere<strong>in</strong>terfe<strong>per</strong>mifceantur; miftioenimnon facit ((altem non fem<strong>per</strong>) uc<br />
propriamnaturamexuant; ficutmiftioramentorumauri, argenti, ferri, non mutat eorum<br />
naturam ; nec <strong>in</strong> iftis diftillatarum e rofis, cicoria, ftece v<strong>in</strong>iacfimilibus rebus, efficic, uc<br />
<strong>in</strong>(e<strong>in</strong>vicemmutentur,&omnesunam <strong>in</strong>duant naturam. Ex quo<strong>in</strong>fertur, <strong>in</strong>aere nonfblum<br />
elTeeffluviahumida&ficca, vapores fcilicet&exhalationes, quce f<strong>in</strong>c aqua & terra, fed<br />
totefreillorumfpeciesfimul<strong>per</strong>mixtasatque confuias, quot funt ipeciesrerum, d quibus vi<br />
caloris,aucignis, autaliafimiliadionerelblvuntur. H<strong>in</strong>ccommuniterdicitur afenlatioribusPhilo(bphis,aeremrepIetum(em<strong>per</strong>e(re<br />
Pa>if<strong>per</strong>mU-,{eu (em<strong>in</strong>alivirtute rcrum.<br />
Colliges h<strong>in</strong>c primo, Quarumvisrerum effluvia feu corpufcula, quje e rebus promanantj&<strong>in</strong>aftumevolant^efreMeteororummateriamproximam,<br />
uti enimaqux&:terr£e,ita<br />
&;quarumvisaliarumrerumeffluvia<strong>in</strong>nubes,<strong>in</strong>pluvias, <strong>in</strong>flilm<strong>in</strong>a, & <strong>in</strong> alia Meteora con-<br />
flancur.<br />
Colliges tamcn fecundo, nos <strong>per</strong>hoc iionrecederea fententia Ariftotelis ftatuentis,duas<br />
tantiim communes fpecies exfpirationum vaporem nempeic exhalacionemiquia revera ad hxc<br />
duoeffluviorumfummagenerarefpedu<strong>in</strong>feriorum^omniareliquaeffluviarevocaripoffunc,<br />
quidquidenim<strong>in</strong>altumalcendit,authumidumfeuaqueumeft, autficcum feu fpiritofum.<br />
Conclufio teirtia. Exhalationumharumnon una eademque proprietas eft ; quaedanj<br />
enimtransverfimcircumquaquediftenduntur,ut videre eft<strong>in</strong>exhatationethuris, videlicet,<br />
cum effluviacra<strong>in</strong>oraf<strong>in</strong>t,CEqualicEquilibranturabaeie.Nonnullcedetcrm<strong>in</strong>anturquandoque<br />
adunamviam,velexmotuaeris, veliplius corporis exhalantis. H<strong>in</strong>c racio redditur , cur<br />
canis <strong>in</strong> bivio conftitutus viam dignofcat, <strong>per</strong> quam herus <strong>per</strong>rexit ; nimiriim exhalatio reliftaab<br />
heri corpore, & <strong>per</strong> traftum vix cont<strong>in</strong>uacse<strong>in</strong>dicium prcebec. Alice exhalationes fi<strong>in</strong>t»<br />
qux corporibus extraneis ip(b contadu adhcEre(cunt, (ic qui <strong>in</strong>ter odores diu veriati (unt,dum<br />
abeunc, {ccuma(portancodoriterosquosdamhaiitus. Nonnulla effluviacumcertisaliisfacile<br />
commifcentur,& (libeunt , <strong>per</strong>vaduncque totum traftum alterius effluvii, fecus vero cum<br />
quibusdaiii aliis. Exemplumexhibentliquores; aquaenimfacild mifcecur cum v<strong>in</strong>o, non<br />
itemcumoleo, Idque nonfolumex gravitace, fed ex difpofitione ip(a parcicularum , nam<br />
aqua,qu'je faciie (t^iQ <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>uat, <strong>per</strong> tubum plenum v<strong>in</strong>o ; non fubit <strong>in</strong> tubum oleo plenum,<br />
Exhisdeduciturprimo, <strong>in</strong> hanc mixtionem fpirituum facile referriut<strong>in</strong>caufam, efFeftusnonnullosmirabiies,<br />
itemque naturales , ex quibus primo a(pe6lu videretur adio <strong>in</strong>di-<br />
ftans confirmati.<br />
Deduciturfecundo. Medicamentorumvires,quairritationecorpus fenfitivum afEciunt<strong>per</strong>idoneaparticularum&:quaIitatumeffluvia,(atisexpIicari<br />
, neftuntur cnim particulac<br />
<strong>in</strong>de motus diverfi determ<strong>in</strong>antur, efFervefcen-<br />
ticE, («rmencationes &:c.<br />
Deducicur tertio.SoloMedicamentorum odore vel taftu corpora quandoqueaflici noxia<br />
velproficuaimmutatione; ncmpeeffluviiodorati particulae<strong>in</strong>nervos<strong>in</strong>currunt, cScopeSpirituum<br />
motus illos determ<strong>in</strong>ant, quos <strong>in</strong>ducerent Medicamentaipfa,fi vel applicata vei afiumptanonmoao<br />
olfada fuifTefit ; quamvisenim m<strong>in</strong>ima f<strong>in</strong>t, & fubci!ifiiiriaodoracorpufi:uIa<br />
cffluentia, cum <strong>in</strong>numerabilia tamen f<strong>in</strong>t, effedus fenfibiles eadcm ratione procurare pofTunt,<br />
quavalent m<strong>in</strong>utiftima elateriapulverisnitri,&fimilium mixtorum.<br />
Deducitur Quarto. Quas <strong>in</strong> gemmis, & fbfl[ilibus <strong>in</strong>eft!e conftat qualitates occultas &: fpecificas,<strong>per</strong>Analogiammagnetis<br />
& eledri <strong>in</strong> effluviisconfifterefkis commodeproponitur;<br />
nec ref ert opponerc<strong>per</strong>iculum Dim<strong>in</strong>utionis gemmarum & fimilium ob cont<strong>in</strong>ua ef fluvia, facil^<br />
enim <strong>in</strong>telligitur <strong>in</strong>lenfibilem hujusmodi fucuram dim<strong>in</strong>utionem etiam diutiflimo tempore.<br />
uta<strong>per</strong>tedeprehenditur<strong>in</strong> Chirothecisodoratis,qu2eIicetdiutiusexhaIaver<strong>in</strong>todorem,<br />
nec ponderecamen,nec raolefenfibiliterdecrefcunt. Quamquamproceftiitcmporisomnia<br />
hujus-
Philofophica-Politica. 13<br />
hujusmodicorporaproptereffluviaponderedecrefcant, utcont<strong>in</strong>git <strong>in</strong> fucc<strong>in</strong>o,camphora><br />
&aromatiso!T<strong>in</strong>ibus.<br />
Deducitur Qu<strong>in</strong>to.Venena quoqueaftivitatem fuam noxiam exerunt effluviis particularum<strong>in</strong>fenfibilium,<br />
quxciamtiigidxf<strong>in</strong>t, aut alterius noxix' configurationis ; texturam isedunt<br />
coi-poris viventis ; <strong>in</strong>de determ<strong>in</strong>ant violentam f'ermentationem,aut naturalium partium<br />
animaliummotumimpcdiunt;h<strong>in</strong>cmotusord<strong>in</strong>atusfmgu<strong>in</strong>is <strong>per</strong>turbaturex venenimixturaiqunndoquccongelacur<strong>in</strong>venisautfaltem<strong>in</strong>cralTatur.<br />
llndeex morfuvi<strong>per</strong>xanimal<strong>in</strong>tumeicit,neclongamoraopuseft,<br />
utvenenofa etHuvia vi<strong>in</strong> exerant fiiam ; quemadmodurfi<br />
enimiiquoresnonnulli(atisci:6accfcuntexfermentacionc,itavitiatur fanguis.<br />
DeduciturSexto. Quandoquidemtum venena, tum alexipharmaca venenis oppofita<br />
qualitatcsoccultasfuas fcnnentationepotisfimum expediunt;con(iiltum eftdiligenterexplicarevimfermenti;<br />
quovidelicetpadlomodicafermenti dofis mankm fatis grandem afficiat<br />
&immutet. Adquodiequensanalogiapncmittiturexplicationisgratia : fit cumulusm<strong>in</strong>utisfimorumgloborumfatiselevatus<br />
; exeo ,fiduosveltres globulos<strong>in</strong>ferioresfubducas, locoquefuoamoveas,reliquosomnesfu<strong>per</strong>ioresmoveri,<br />
&:agitari necefTeeft, fubdudtis illis;<br />
nonalitervisfermenci,licetnon<strong>in</strong> omnesomn<strong>in</strong>opartes & particulasmafl"iEfermentand£ea.<br />
gendo <strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>gat, agit tamen <strong>in</strong> aliquas quibus immutacis & agitatis tolliturplexus, & difpofi-<br />
;<br />
tioca*tcrarum parcium,quxpro<strong>in</strong>deomnesfermentancur. Exemplum hujusmodi efHcaciaj<br />
prxbencdoliadcvala, quxmucoremconcaxerunt ; etcnimliquorcs <strong>in</strong>fijfi <strong>in</strong> illa vafa flat<strong>in</strong>i<br />
mficiuncur&excrahuncexxquonempefecundumomnes parcesqualicacem&vitiummucoris,nempe<br />
totus omn<strong>in</strong>o liquor, 6c non (blus qui proximc conc<strong>in</strong>git dolii latera, fermencatur Sc<br />
<strong>in</strong>ficitur. Atqueex hoc ipforationem facile reddes, cur peflis contagione propagetur, li-<br />
quidusenira aeracorpore pe(lilencifermencaturetiam(ecundumfuiremotioresparces,<br />
Llnum tead calcem quxllionis hujusmonicum volo, ne , dum occulcas qualitates,difpofitiones&cexhalationispavticulasvoco^mecumSyftemaceEpicureo,<br />
Cartefianovel Chymicofentire,<br />
«Sfatomosadmentemillorum admictereexiflimes; nom<strong>in</strong>e enim parcicularum<strong>in</strong><br />
SyftemacePeripacetico redisfime <strong>in</strong>telliguntur difpoficiones, d:accidencia, &: afFedtiones<br />
pnxvicE, quxdebenteire<strong>in</strong>Materiaadhocut<strong>per</strong> illas, «Scpoftillascducatur
14<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Beliiduci Themiftodi,<strong>in</strong>quietasnoaesagenti , quidMorpheum excuffit ? Me-, <strong>in</strong>quicbat;<br />
trofhaa Milthiadis e fomm excitant, Haec enimmemorix ab hiftoricis transfcripta , <strong>in</strong> ftatuis<br />
VaI.Max exprefs^cernebat: eademlucendicupiditasIUumexcitabat, dicerefolitum,««&i»» etvoctm<br />
i.g, smoemorem, cjuam qm<strong>in</strong>laHdemrerHmafigeflarfimcanitiir. Bon<strong>in</strong>om<strong>in</strong>isfamapretium nonvanumeft,<br />
funt enim virtutes ejus peculium. PrimumeftlaudemmeruifTe; Confeftaneum eft<br />
TacitJn<br />
vit,<br />
gloriae tubapofteritati proclamari, ut laudabilia fedtentur. Quemadmodum ignes miflllcs,<br />
mox utdmanu dimittunturj aftrorumimitantur l^lendorem: ic^ politicus fervor glorije fa-<br />
ccm manuum o<strong>per</strong>ibus accendit^quS alii trahuntur <strong>in</strong> fequelam. Hacluce,hoc ftimulo,hoc<br />
philtroagebaturDomitius Corbulo, quem Tacitus orbicommendat : Miffus ad Armenios<br />
regendosegregiamoxfac<strong>in</strong>oraaggrefTuseft^utfama: <strong>in</strong>ferviret, qus <strong>in</strong> novis caeptis validiP'<br />
limaeft. Quid pulchriiis ? unicomomentovitam volatilem <strong>in</strong> aeternam eommutas, poft-<br />
quamviveredefiifti. Qui moriens pro vitafamamfubftituit, vivere non deftitit, quia vivit<br />
<strong>in</strong> fama. Non videbatur Tacito parum vixifle Agricola , cjHamqHom <strong>in</strong> medlo fiatio <strong>in</strong>tegra ataiisereptus-,namqHantHmadgloriam.,longi^mHm£VHm<strong>per</strong>egerat.}ione^ag\on^i<br />
cupido omnem a vitiocavetmaculam:<br />
virtutesPolitici ftatuaEfunt,reaefa£l:afunttrophaeapofthuma, a morce<br />
fama &c ipfum bonum fiaifTeloquitur, Sc alios bonos facit. Argentnm CommHnis efl omniHmpof<br />
feJfio-^athoneflHm&exeolaHs&^oria Deorkm efi, aut eorum-, qui a Diisproximi cenfentur. PolvbiuS,<br />
Trancijc. j^ jgi^g^ <strong>in</strong>apice <strong>in</strong>tentionis ftet, uttion tam odorem quceras , quam decorem. ^Emulus<br />
^^/nV. ex Demetrii Phakrei, cui ob prsclare gefta trecentK ftatuae funt eredta?, fed ab <strong>in</strong>vidis dejeftaEiil-<br />
""*'•<br />
lo dicente: Statuas evertere <strong>in</strong>vidi cfHidempotueruntf virtuiesaHtem-, quihus prttmio imag<strong>in</strong>es ilUflete-<br />
rHht^nunqHamabolehunt Ben^fac,
Philofopliico-Politlca. 15<br />
QUyESTlO V.<br />
an ex illis<br />
qudmqne caujamJ<strong>in</strong>alem for-<br />
^n omnia Meteora caufas habeant naturales , ^<br />
qu£dam prxomiuari pojjiut ,<br />
tiajitur,<br />
COncIufio prima. Quamvispleraque, qux<strong>in</strong> aerevel alibi <strong>in</strong>terdum cernuntur, &<br />
prodigiolaputantur, phyficas & naturaies habcant caulas, ut cometx; funt tamen<br />
quxdam, quxab<strong>in</strong>tluxucaularum naturalium m<strong>in</strong>imeemanant:, ut funt conflidlus<br />
cxercituum<strong>in</strong> (ublimilpedabiles,aliaqueiis (imilia, qua: adlivitare corporum coelcftiumcflormar<strong>in</strong>eutiquam<br />
valent. ItaquehcEcvclaprimacau(areftrice
i6 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Conclufio tcrtia. Ciim omnia ad certos <strong>in</strong> natura f<strong>in</strong>cs ord<strong>in</strong>ata f<strong>in</strong>t , caafa f<strong>in</strong>alis<br />
Meteororum vel Phyfica eft , vel Theologica ) Illa eftbonum univerli reeimen, mutua elementorumcontem<strong>per</strong>atio,<br />
aerisrepurgatio , &:ten;£ liccundacio. Sicimbres,ros,nubes<br />
adhortos, prata, ad agros humeaandos , neSolisa-ftuexufta, pariterfpes<strong>in</strong>herbaexura-<br />
tur^deferviunt. SimiliterventorumBam<strong>in</strong>a a noxiishumoribusaerem purgant- ipfietiam<br />
Cometa:,exhalationesTellurispeftif'erasruisfacibusexpiant, ficque meteora bono publico<br />
tota impenduntur ex caufa f<strong>in</strong>ali phyfica. Altera caufa f<strong>in</strong>alis, utdixi, Theologica eft,<br />
nempeDEI cognitio, amor,honor, atque eciam impiorum tcrror, ut (i Cometam div<strong>in</strong>a<br />
Nemefisvelutfatalembcllorum, autpeftis nuntium ablegec, aliaque parelia ad tcrrendos<br />
impics accendat ; ut benc obfervat D. Damafcenus Medit. 2. lib. fux parxncfis c. i. <strong>in</strong>quiens<br />
locjuitur cnm homtnibns DEUSnon modo humanal<strong>in</strong>gua <strong>per</strong> facros vates ^ y.t a feccatis avocentnr'-,<br />
ijr refipifcant ; fed nmytMncjuam ipfis elementis <strong>in</strong> formas & imag<strong>in</strong>es diverfas ad eoritndem terrorem<br />
eompoftis. Hic f<strong>in</strong>isprxternaturalis Meteoris omn<strong>in</strong>o extr<strong>in</strong>fecus eft, unde quamdiu is ignotuseft,<br />
tamdiu avirofapienteomnismetusabefTedebet. Atquehisuna &f<strong>in</strong>em DiftertationiprimiEdeMeteoris<strong>in</strong><br />
genereimponimas,de<strong>in</strong>cepsaauri de eorum oblervationibus<br />
<strong>in</strong> fpe^ie.<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
PraefitjUtprofit Politicus.<br />
Vldesobfjfcari coelum, mugire tonitrua , <strong>in</strong>undarc excuflbs ca:lo imbrcs, ciipi oculis.<br />
Lunam &; ftellas , volare Dracones,excitari <strong>in</strong>cendia , m<strong>in</strong>ari cometas , corulcarc tul-<br />
gura, virgas &; fiigittas, lanceas & mucrones extendi , ac quali totum <strong>in</strong> te cicliim ruerec,<br />
ruptis cataratlis nube* <strong>in</strong> pluvias firangi, Ne terrearis Politice,amantis hiccca:li balia funr;<br />
:
Philofophlca-Politiciv tf<br />
Lucent^ ut prejifit: ScopcE ccelifunt, qux aerem purganc: terram fxcundant: elevantur , uc<br />
noslublevent; <strong>in</strong>noftramconfpirantutilitatem. £xcivIo difce, quomodo luceas, ut profis.<br />
QuidDiv<strong>in</strong>iusy AudiRomanam eloquentiam pvo M. Marcelio loquentem : Hom<strong>in</strong>es Oceropro<br />
nnllArepropiHs acceJunt ad DEUA4 , ijuamfilMter» homfnihns liAnAo. Prima fubfellia honoris te--''^.<br />
nere, velutlidusterrenumfulgere, imm<strong>in</strong>ere capitibus reliquorum ,<br />
Sceptrumlimulacvirgasteneretamofum e(t: at fumollim, (i non <strong>in</strong> communem utilitatem<br />
impcndas, utautpurgesaKKcibusrempubl.autpurgatam<strong>in</strong>florcconierves. LaudemAugu- Sen.mO'<br />
ditlarejura & leges, Marced,<br />
fti Cxlaris cxComico Poet.':<strong>per</strong>ci<strong>per</strong>elibeat : Pulchnfm cmtiere eft <strong>in</strong>ter illuHres viros. Sic il- Slavia.<br />
U pAtrit Primus AugHs}usP,trenSt complexHS asha eji , coliturdr femplis DEus. Quid de Pericledi- ^Hati. l,<br />
cam illo Fulm<strong>in</strong>atore eloquentidimo y Tanto<strong>per</strong>O fuosdiligebat,tant6que honoreprofe- -^. hijior.<br />
qucbatur, ut verba ad populum tadturus fub<strong>in</strong>de optaret , ut nullum (ibi vcrbum excideret<br />
quodutiIitati(ijorumrepugnaret. Qu^iddeVefpaiianoRomanorumMonarcha dicam? Per<br />
tottim Im<strong>per</strong>iitempust aitde CO Tranquillus, tjihilhabuit .i.:ti.j'!iHs , (jHArn propf afjli(}.im iiHtantcmqHe Tran-<br />
RempHhl.flabitireprimo-, deit:de orn.tre. Hocequidem eft lucere, (Scprodeife, <strong>in</strong> id unum con- quiU, c,^.<br />
tendere, ut Reipubl.benedt. Monentem iifto Laurcncium Medicum , Filio Petro cum<br />
Pr<strong>in</strong>cipatushonoreidonerisimponentem: Cives,mi Pctie, (liccenbremte meum procul<br />
dubioagnofcent, ncquevereor^utnoneademauthoricatetuturus lis <strong>in</strong> Repub.qua nos ip(i. CaftrPof.<br />
SedquoniamCivitasomniscorpusert multorumcapitum, memento<strong>in</strong> ejusmodi varietati-<br />
,<br />
/^''''- '"^*<br />
bus magis unverfitatis iStCommunis boni rationemhabere. Eft nimiriim conformis Ferdi- Annal,<br />
nandill.monitoadConliliarios : IdunumflatHant^cjuociRcipHbUbonocedcret. Ital,<br />
"^ii^- -mv?^ ^.^ ^.'m--m^s m^M' ^^^ m%^-<br />
DISSERTATIO II.<br />
Dc Meteorico Corpore igiiito.<br />
QUoniam Meteora ignita , feiiutalii vocant imprelTiones ignitse, c^teris<br />
.omnibusilluftriorafuntjmeritoeaprimo loco, acde hisetiam prius<strong>in</strong><br />
communi<strong>per</strong>tra
i8<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
tur,quibusnonquadrata,fedrotundaapparet. Similiter <strong>in</strong>ter fe qujedam difFerunt colorc»<br />
namaliqucevidentur obfcurce&fumidiEob denficatem,ali£elucentes&: candidx obraritatem.<br />
Pariter non omnibus idem efl motus, quia qutedam <strong>in</strong> orbem eunt raptu coeli &: ignis,quaedam<br />
furfum feruntur , qui eft naturalis earum motus,quxdam ad latus decl<strong>in</strong>ant, propter occurfum<br />
corporum fu<strong>per</strong>iorum,aliasvecau(as,qu£e reftam <strong>in</strong>liibentlationem. Item queedam lento gradu<br />
<strong>per</strong>gunt, ut nonnulli Comet£E,qucedam magna rapiditate, ut (ydera cadentia. Llbi adverte<br />
ex Arift. lib.^.ci. ideo quorundam ignium trajediones videri celeritate fua Lunte &; Solis cur-<br />
(umlongo<strong>in</strong>cervallov<strong>in</strong>cere,cumtamenremaliterhaberecertaratione confter, quia nobis<br />
multoprop<strong>in</strong>quioresfunt^quamluna&fbl. Diverfumetiam habent locum, quiaalite <strong>in</strong> fupremo<br />
aeris tractu , alite<strong>in</strong>mcdio, aliae <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>fimo , alis etiam<strong>in</strong>terrs vifceribusnafcuntur.<br />
Nam,qu6dnonnili <strong>in</strong>fraIunamcommunitergenerentur(dixi communiter,quia ex multorumlententiavaldeprobabileeft,<br />
Cometasetiamfupralunamapparuiffe) probat Ariitoteles<br />
lococitatoexmotus<strong>per</strong>nicitate,qu£E<strong>in</strong>eisvifitur, fienim <strong>in</strong> ip(b corporecosleftivolitarent»<br />
jnulto fegniornobisappareretearummotus,ut<strong>in</strong>fyderumconverfioneliquet. Idem ediffe-<br />
ritSenecalib.l. Nat.qusft. c.l.ajens: StultumejfeexfHmaretverasJiellasdecidere^ ant tranjillret aut<br />
aliqHidillis auferri& abradi-i qHiaJlhocftiiffetijam de fHijfent. Nulla enim nox eft, qua non plurimac<br />
ire, & <strong>in</strong> diverfiam videantur abduci : Adde, quod li ipfce difts mutationes coeleftibus corporibusacciderent,<br />
fequeretur,noneft"eilla<strong>in</strong>teritusex<strong>per</strong>tia, cujusoppofitum demonftiatur ab<br />
Ariftot.lib.i.decoslo.c. 3. Deniquedurationedifterunt,quiaqu£edamnon patiunturmoram,<br />
fed transvolant, & evanelcunt paulo poft, alicC diuturnce funt ; qusdam nodtu fiunt ',<br />
alix <strong>in</strong>ter-<br />
diu ; etli raro de die appareant,quemadmodum ftellce <strong>per</strong>pctux funt, & tamen <strong>in</strong>terdiu latent<br />
quia Solis fulgore obumbrantur, fic & has abfcondit diuturni lum<strong>in</strong>is claricas.Qupd fi aliquandotantavisemicuit,ut&:adverfus<br />
diem vendicare fuum fulgorempofl<strong>in</strong>t, apparent.<br />
Conclufio tertia. Caufa efEciens remota harum ignearum impreflionum folent effe, ut<br />
fti<strong>per</strong>iusannotavimus tum ignes fubterranei, fulphura,ibl,&: reliquacorporacoeleftia^caufa<br />
vero prop<strong>in</strong>quior& <strong>in</strong>ftrumentaria eft eorum conden(atio,e6 qubd una pars calida magis uniatur<br />
alteri,& ita niutuo adeo calefiunt, ut ignem pariant , vel eft Anti<strong>per</strong>iftafis tiigoris ambientiSjCalorenimobfefrus<strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong>timafeaggcrat,p3rtesconftipat, &tandemignefcit. Vel eft ca-<br />
lor aftrorum,putaSoIis, quem ignem poffe accendere,Iiquid6 conftat. Vel eft demum coilifio<br />
& attrituspartium exhalationis <strong>in</strong>ter feaccedencibus prxfertim & fufflantibus contrariis ventis,quibus<br />
exhalacionismateriah<strong>in</strong>c<strong>in</strong>deagitatairricatur , ut efTervefcentibus <strong>in</strong>clulis <strong>in</strong> ea<br />
Jpiritibus tandem flammam concipiat.<br />
Conclufio quarta. Caufa f<strong>in</strong>alis eft <strong>in</strong>primis confumptio fumofarum exfpirationum<br />
ad viventiura <strong>in</strong>columicacem & (alutem, verd enim hujusmodi anhelitus noxii fi<strong>in</strong>t , quibus idcircopurgariacremoporteat.<br />
Secundonaturxarqualitas, quia ciim ignis regnantetiigore<br />
<strong>per</strong> hyemsm dim<strong>in</strong>utus fic, &<strong>in</strong>feriora crever<strong>in</strong>t elementa, conatur natura ad iequalitatem omniareducerepluresigneasconcretiones<br />
generando.Tertioprcefignificatioaliquorum eventuumtamtriftium,quamlxtorumexdiv<strong>in</strong>o<strong>in</strong>ftituto;<br />
ficprKuuntius felicitatis extitit cometa<br />
ille cum gem<strong>in</strong>is tubis, quivillis <strong>in</strong> ortu Alexandri Magni^uci & cruces igne£ , qux Conftant<strong>in</strong>o<br />
Csfari apparuere. PluravideapudAuguft. Iib.2. deCivit.Deicap. 25. &lib.j.c.i. Pl<strong>in</strong>iumlib.2.<br />
naturalisHift.c.zf.Tercullian. <strong>in</strong>lib.adScapulam c. 3. Suetoniam <strong>in</strong> vitaC. Cxfaris<br />
cap.88. Liviumlib. 3. Decad.i. Jofephum de bello Jud. lib.y.c.ii.Niceph. 1. 3, hift.Eccl. c.4.<br />
Exhisobfervationibus&generalibuspr<strong>in</strong>cipiisMeteorognomicis h-iud cegre fequentia<br />
huic materise prop<strong>in</strong>qua refolves & primo : cur marmor, a.'s, ferrum ,<br />
ecfi vehementer <strong>in</strong>cale-<br />
lcant, haud tamen flammam concipiant,nempe,quia nimium terrx pondus, quod illis <strong>in</strong>hxret,<br />
cumrarefieri&fe excenuarenonposfit, obfiftit, nepartesignexconipirent.<br />
Refolvesfecund6, curatcrifionechalybis 6 filiceignis eliciatur, quia nempefadta hac<br />
coUifione multx partes tam humidee, quam ignex excitantur , h<strong>in</strong>c illis extpirantibus , lia: uniuntur<br />
<strong>in</strong> fc<strong>in</strong>tillas.<br />
Relblves tertio. Cur epilisfelium, dumquiseos ex adverfo fricat, fc<strong>in</strong>tillce non raro<br />
cmicent ; fcilicet, quia <strong>in</strong>ter filam<strong>in</strong>apellis fel<strong>in</strong>x multje parces potentia igneae latent , quae af-<br />
friftu excufl^x , filamenta pellis, unionem prius impedientia, fu<strong>per</strong>greflce coUiguntur & fc<strong>in</strong>til-<br />
Jantluce quidem duntaxat no£l:u vifibili ob radiorum tenuitatem.<br />
Relblvesquarto. Cur foenum humidum arese importarum;&<strong>in</strong>cumulumcongeftum<br />
fepefeipfo <strong>in</strong>flammameru<strong>per</strong>it; ratio<strong>in</strong>promptueft, quia humor ille <strong>per</strong> calorem, quem<br />
<strong>in</strong>tra fe fovet f(xnum,rarefit, & <strong>per</strong> poros illius, quibus abundat,evolat , quo abeunte cauquam<br />
frafto obftaculo, partes relids ignea fefe congregant,& flamma foenum corripiunt.<br />
Refolves qu<strong>in</strong>to. Curcurrusmultumonerati,uti&mol£erotx fuccendantur ? caufam<br />
exdi6liscolliges,attritioncmefle, quia compreflus&attritus aerattenuatur& rarefit, rare-<br />
iaftus <strong>in</strong>^alefcic,& <strong>in</strong> materiar» igneam degenerat» Ita ignem exjitare edotti <strong>in</strong>de , dum ligna<br />
,
Philofophico-Politica.<br />
gnamotacdcmmoconfricantes&atterentes<strong>in</strong>flammarLmt.<br />
PariterApuliUgnumfuoicu-<br />
Iiscircumvolvercroliti,quibusvelociterrctraa:isignemclicucrunt.<br />
rToI^s demum Ibxto. Curtriticumfimilesque agrorunifruaus, dum adhuc madidohorreo<strong>in</strong>teruntui.nonnunquamfuccendantur;ratioaemdabisexAnt>pcnaafi,quanemp°triticWscalidxdtriaoreextr<strong>in</strong>lbcoobIeirxfortiusagunt;humorem<strong>per</strong>l^^<br />
trci3tSexpellunt,quibus expuUislibiuniuntur, &flammam excitant Eadem de cauf»<br />
partescalidx, viaquxlcmteraftuix ad <strong>in</strong>tenoralerec.pe.<br />
cairaquis pSa ^n^^^^<br />
re coguntuSeclaulisporispcraquam<br />
cxaidclcunt.<br />
19<br />
contiauoafflucatemlibiunamtur ,
?0 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
rent,&:<strong>per</strong>totprxcipitiarequirerenc, fitotum, qLiemipfi dantLaticem,,ipfe Oceanus coo-<br />
fiamerec? Politicus,utcEquLisfit,2eqLiorfiat. Omnia<strong>in</strong>populorumadipem referenda Il<strong>in</strong>t.<br />
MarcusAurelius CK(arficuc<strong>in</strong>mulcis,ica<strong>in</strong>licc em<strong>in</strong>uic quoadReip.procurationem : dicebat<br />
thefiuros&cKCeraomniaefreSenacus. Populfque ^ Romuni. Nos-,\ni\u\s-, adeonihtlhayemns<br />
propriam-, ut xdes etiam veflras habitemus, Qu6 magis pro<strong>in</strong>exlibil <strong>in</strong>dum, & <strong>in</strong> ultimas<br />
Orbis oras deportandum monltrum hom<strong>in</strong>is Machiavcllifl;ici , qui fe natum & fadlum eo<br />
vult , uc cuciculamfLiam|curet, fuas fl)rcunasamplificcc, generalicer vivac , erfurj^ac fubdilib<br />
s.ad tos,- fuam crumenam imp<strong>in</strong>guec, Quam longe alicer Oratorum Pr<strong>in</strong>ceps : Ut gubematori<br />
Attic. currus ficHKdfis 1 Afedicofilifs , Im<strong>per</strong>atorivictoria : Sic ReipMicji, Moderatori beata c/vium vita pro'<br />
£ap,ii. pojita ef}, nteacopiis locuples-, opibns firma gloria ampla& virtnte honeflafit. Exemplo Periclis,qui<br />
-,<br />
cumurbem, quam acce<strong>per</strong>at magnamj maximam reddidiflec, acque opulenciflimam, nec<br />
uno nummo fbrcunas fuas reddidit ampliores. Neque Arifliides juflus, ic Epam<strong>in</strong>ondas<br />
Jufl<strong>in</strong>. l. Deus, Lycurgus autem Servator appellaci !unt divitiis abundantes : fed quiacenuivircuce<br />
2. Vd. concenciGrcEcije<strong>in</strong>bonumfeexercuerunc. Vicam qu<strong>in</strong>iplamnonneCodrus fuisproAche-<br />
J/
Philofophico - Politica. 21,<br />
Condufio fecunda. Capra falcans, qux a Grcecis oli^ appcllatur , eft Mcteorum<br />
igneumfuprenTiregionisacnSifiguru&rublultufimilicud<strong>in</strong>em habens vercEcapr:e (altantis,<br />
ideoque a barbula
<strong>in</strong> Ar-<br />
cad. refc<br />
rente Ptt-<br />
rit.l.7.de<br />
re^no.<br />
22<br />
Metcorologia<br />
& afpirantibus favoniis itiollis foem<strong>in</strong>a jocatur. Omnivento velaaptare, &ubi tmTOathti<br />
impendentia mala tibi volunt malum fi:angere> remurnqueexcutere ibi<br />
:<br />
^P^^^^^Jf'^?";],„:<br />
re, hic opus,hic labor eft. CurtiusGonzaga CafWionts Marchio epigraphen ad^eci^^^^^^^^<br />
lomar<strong>in</strong>o: Skqmefio. NameaBellua, dumtcmpefhs eft , lupraScopulumllertit, ac dm^<br />
rniTplacidiffiml Infremat coelum,procellas moveat, fradus il abatur orbis : ridetPoUti-<br />
ZS^ctadit.necccdit: Columna eft. EftAlexander <strong>in</strong>tcr fpicula, Mithndates mter cate-<br />
n... THe enim aoerto marte Bellum adm<strong>in</strong>iftrabat, <strong>in</strong>tet hoftiles phalanges immotws. Ifte<br />
^'^<br />
Sen?ebellislacesfitum refpice: pugnavit ut Leo, ftetit ut columna, fub<br />
dmlo 5ff/e beUavit plus quam Hercules: nec emm Hercules<br />
contra duos.<br />
QUiE-
Philofophico-Politica. 23<br />
iESTIO III.<br />
QU<br />
Dc Cajloret ^olluce , ^<br />
Helena, Item de Stella dijcurrente ^<br />
volaute&' cadente.<br />
COnclufio prima. Caftor , Pollux ic Hclena funt ignes apparentes fu<strong>per</strong> mare <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>fimaregioneaeris&parumfublimes<br />
(prcefertim urgente tempeftate) & quando b<strong>in</strong>i<br />
quidemerantignes,appellabanturetl<strong>in</strong>icaru<strong>per</strong>ftitione ab antiquis Caftor &c Pollux,<br />
Credebantenim nautce, eaNum<strong>in</strong>alibi <strong>in</strong>tcmpeftatibus auxiliofbre. Undc felix omen<br />
habebant, ciim gem<strong>in</strong>s ha: tlammulx tranftris <strong>in</strong>lidere cernerent. Qn^ando vero unicus<br />
tantum apparebatignis,appellab3ntHelenam, & pro <strong>in</strong>taufto om<strong>in</strong>e habebant. Ita referC<br />
Pl<strong>in</strong>ius lib. 2. c.37. b<strong>in</strong>os n jnc Hifpani Siculi , <br />
cumhiigncsfiveb<strong>in</strong>i,fivetcrniantennis&: tranftris vel aliis navis partibus quierd <strong>in</strong>hserent,<br />
omen f eTix poteft efTc pacifics tempeftatis & aeris pacati & conquiefi;entis ; Hoc <strong>in</strong>dicare vo-<br />
luitSenecalib.a.c.i./«wrf^«4,<strong>in</strong>quiens,r(rw/)r)?rfrerf^/).«rf»f^«.«/J"j?r//iC vdo <strong>in</strong>ftdentes\ exiflimant Je<br />
tunctdjuvarifericlitantes PoUttcis&CaftorisNtim<strong>in</strong>e-, caujavero meliorisfpes eftiCjuodJAm apparet franqt<br />
tempeftattm&ventosdef<strong>in</strong>ere. Quandovero flammce hac, illacquc jadbatx divagantur, trepidantmeritonaut:e,quia<strong>in</strong>dicantventos,aurasqueagitatas,caufaverohorumigniumfunthumiditates<br />
fpirituolx e.x mari tempeitaie agitato elatit , collats & accenlie.<br />
Concluliofecunda. Stelladifcurrenseftexhalatio oblonga cont<strong>in</strong>enter acccnfa; ncc<br />
enimflammamovetur,fedquemadmodumcum filum, aut cuni candelae pauloante exc<strong>in</strong>-<br />
^x fumus ad fu<strong>per</strong>poftcam flammam alterius candelx accenditur, non defcendit flamma , fed<br />
fumuslliccesfivdaccenditur. Aptioradhucfimilitudoeit,ficoncipiatur,pulvispyriuslongo<br />
ord<strong>in</strong>e <strong>per</strong> tcrram (em<strong>in</strong>atus accendi fecundiam unam extremitatem ; tunc cnim ignis a pr<strong>in</strong>-<br />
cum tamen reveranondifcurrat<br />
cipio <strong>per</strong>totamferiemufqueadf<strong>in</strong>em difcurrere videtur ,<br />
primus ignis de loco <strong>in</strong> locum, fed fem<strong>per</strong> novus ac novus producatur cont<strong>in</strong>uata ferie.<br />
Quandoquetamcnglobulushalituofus<strong>in</strong>flammatur , & revera abuno<strong>in</strong>alium locum<br />
fertur,pabu!iquefuivenamfequitur. Vidctur autem totusvix tradlus accenfus eadem de<br />
caufa, quaceleriter titio accenfus rotatus igneum circulum exhibet , quiaoculusdifcernere<br />
ncquitvcIocitatemtantarrv,fedvidctfimul,undeexierit,&: quoprovenerit, ut <strong>in</strong> titione circuma(5to.<br />
Conclufio tcrtia. Stellacadenseftexhalatio accenfa, qux furfum enitens, aeris frigidirefiftentiaviolenterrepulfa<strong>per</strong>anti<strong>per</strong>iltafimaccenditur,<br />
&c dcorfim refilit, ita ut emifli S<br />
Su<strong>per</strong>iorilocojaculi,autglobuliigniti excusfi Specicmreferat,aut ftellamomn<strong>in</strong>oexfirmamcnto<br />
prolabentem alpctftui hom<strong>in</strong>um rcpra;fentcnt. Quod fi hsec exhalatio nulla re refiftente<br />
<strong>in</strong> altum evolec, Sydus volans five accendens dicitur.<br />
ConclufioQtJarta. ImpresfioneshiEignejBnongcnerantur<strong>in</strong> fuprema aeris rcgione,<br />
fcd<strong>in</strong>fraeam, Ratiocft, quia<strong>in</strong>fupremanequenubes funt, qua: exhalationem fuccenfam<br />
rcpcllant,nequetantaip(iusaerisfrigiditas, ut <strong>per</strong> anti<strong>per</strong>iftafim cfficere queat, fa-pc etiam<br />
nonlongeanobisficri,exeop3tct, quodfub<strong>in</strong>dead terram usquedeciderevifk f<strong>in</strong>t, refolut£E<strong>in</strong>materiamvifcofam,Iubricam&<strong>in</strong>modumf<strong>per</strong>matis<br />
ranarum compadtam, illi prorlus<br />
(imilem , <strong>in</strong> quam Robcrtus a Fl uth refolutum vidit ignem fatuum , de quo <strong>in</strong> fequentibus.<br />
Conftrmat vic<strong>in</strong>itatcm hanc Arift. lib 1. M etcor. text. 22. cx velocitate motus <strong>in</strong>quiens: Omnia<br />
4utcm hdcfnb lunafiHnt. Signum antem eji apparcns ipforttm veloctias ^ fmilis exijlens iis , cju£ a »0his<br />
projiiiuntur : ^ux qniaprope nosfunt , multum videntur velotitate prtter^edi & ajlra , & Solem & Lu.<br />
nam.<br />
Quxres primo. Cur motus ftellarum iftarum <strong>in</strong> f<strong>in</strong>e plerumque fit tardior ? Refp,<br />
primo^ <strong>in</strong>terdumeasfoliimapparenter tardiusmoveri ob rationem opticam , quiafcilicec<br />
dumferunturmotu adhorizontem noftrum parallclo,
24 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
QuJEres fecundo : quid prjenuntiant. Refp. juxta quorundam op<strong>in</strong>iones plerumque<br />
ph:EnomenahiEctempeftatespr£eragire;rationemdant,e6qu6d denotent acremmulta exhalatione<strong>in</strong>f'e£tumefre,&quacunqueexparteprocurrunt,<br />
ab<strong>in</strong>de ventos expeSandos efle.<br />
ProbabiliustameneftexmentePtolomiei centiloq. Aphorif ^g.ficcitatemngnificire, unde<br />
»erisfalubntaspotiusexpe6tanda erit ad mentemHippocratisj.Aphor.ifi.<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Amore fimul , & timore praefit.<br />
NExis<br />
fem<strong>per</strong> manibus <strong>in</strong>ccdat cum Amore Timor.<br />
m<strong>in</strong>a,neque fudo fem<strong>per</strong> coelojocari Pontus folet»<br />
Neque coclum fem<strong>per</strong> m<strong>in</strong>ari ful'<br />
Unum altero rem<strong>per</strong>are Sapicntis<br />
eft. Amantem te timeant ; m<strong>in</strong>antem ament.<br />
Itaad clavum fedeat amor Navarchus, utProramagat Timor ; mutuisque auxiliis<br />
Reipub. navim moderentur. Adverfus ceftum fi expands velis prog\edi , antennse <strong>in</strong>-<br />
fideat amor, quiCaftor fit ; & alum occupetTimor» qui Pollucem agat. Maximum navigiimalumi<br />
malo fialterutcr abfit, autAmor, autTimor. Sem<strong>per</strong> <strong>in</strong>malacia carbala exphcare,<br />
<strong>per</strong>iculofiimeft: quomodoenim remum diriget, fi fyrtes &ScylIx afilirgant , qui<br />
timore caret. Sed neque fecuros naufragii vedores faciet Clasfiarius, fi ipfe ad quamvis<br />
procellamtimiduscont<strong>in</strong>uoalios <strong>per</strong>cellat timore f Caftorem agas , fednonf<strong>in</strong>e Polluce :<br />
alterf<strong>in</strong>ealtero <strong>in</strong> mollem foem<strong>in</strong>amabit, 6c Helenam <strong>in</strong>duit : atque dum fola hsec facula<br />
velutfirencumnavigioludit, <strong>in</strong>prxcipitia&charybdcsimpellic, Amctfuos, qui Reipubl,<br />
archithabffus audit, fedita,utnonpr£E(ummat: regat timore, ita, ut non def<strong>per</strong>enc. NequeNerofit,nequeNerva:<br />
iftemollisnimium, illecrudelis, Rex Joanncs Portugallia: IL<br />
quoti
Philofophico-Politica. 25<br />
quodplusccquo fcverusfuerit, populo <strong>in</strong>vifum fe tecit, amorcm non habuic. Et ccqu^ cruentum<br />
tuitRegisHenriciquarti im<strong>per</strong>ium, quod amoris luxati curliam nelcierit timoris lupatiscont<strong>in</strong>ere.<br />
CaditIm<strong>per</strong>ialiscurrus,ubiPhactiion amoreregicncfcitfra-no moderari.<br />
Nimioenim amorcvitiishabenxlaxantur,nimioterrore porta it^naviit a<strong>per</strong>itur,autdef<strong>per</strong>a'<br />
tioni. (iualipartesejusdemcorporishxb<strong>in</strong>jereg<strong>in</strong>itvirtutesfunt; necunquamunaiftarum<br />
utiliceat^quamutneortlndaturaltcra. Nihil<strong>per</strong>nicioliusGubernatorc, ultra quam par eft<br />
amante, Nervx tcmporibus dicere [blk:bMZ:p€ji4sijfcj!il>iali,i£ere-,cjmitaamat., Htomnia<strong>per</strong>mit'<br />
taf^cjH.imejuiita terret^ut nilul. Opc<strong>in</strong>uimmixtumcx calido&humiLio;utfim<strong>in</strong>aspluit,(imul<br />
amoris tavillas fundat politicus. Nimius amoris ardor conlumit j timoris gelu ftupelacit; medio<strong>in</strong>cediturtucius.<br />
Ama,&cerre,&amaberisaccerreberis.<br />
QUiESTlO IV.<br />
^De igne lambeme,<br />
OBfervatumhaud<strong>in</strong>frequcntertumveceri, tummoderna JEtatc & hom<strong>in</strong>um capitibus<br />
(Scveftimencis, & animaliumpilisaliisque rebus <strong>in</strong>noxie adha-liftc ignem, quem id-<br />
circo non adurentem , led lamhentem dixcre, qui vcteribus quidcm maximum felicita-<br />
tis tuerat pralkgium, de hoc igitur (it<br />
Conclulioprima." Ignislambensnihilaliud eft, quam Hammagenicaex rara fubtilique<br />
exhalacionc, vel ctiim ex Spiricibus calidiorum animalium, qux dilpcrlu <strong>per</strong> aercm corum<br />
aliquandocapillislolcc<strong>in</strong>hxrere. Non eric hxc fiamma urcns pb raricattm&tcnuitatem,<br />
quemadmodamflammav<strong>in</strong>iardentisurendivimnonhabet. Contigillcid Alcanio Julo &'<br />
sexftliot<strong>in</strong>git Mancuanus lil:).2. .^ncidos:<br />
Eccelevisfummo de verticevifiis Jttli<br />
Ft<strong>in</strong>dej-eli/ifiefiafex, tafluciiie iunoxia molU<br />
Lambere fla<strong>in</strong>macomas ,
26<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Opponestamen, caufamhanc allatam<strong>in</strong>flammationisvalere quidem probabilitcr m us<br />
cafibus, ubiprscalidumtem<strong>per</strong>amentum , complexio ignea, & excefllis <strong>in</strong>terniaeflus affi-<br />
gnabilis eft,quilocumnonvideturhabere<strong>in</strong>pueris, puellis,telibus, aliisque multisanimalibus.<br />
Refpondeo, valde credibileeire<strong>in</strong> his & limilibus non fem<strong>per</strong> fieri <strong>in</strong>flammationem><br />
fedfbliimadrpeciemignislambentislucemquandavnapparere. tlnde fit<br />
Concluliotertia. Sspefpiritus&exhalationes erumpentes ex animalibus tantiim lucem<br />
prcefeferunt,non flammam. Sic nitedula: (eu cic<strong>in</strong>del;e,quse a Grsecis Lampyrides appellantur,humoremfpirituorum&:effluviumexhalationisemittunt,<br />
&retrahunt, proutpro ar-<br />
bitrio fuo magis vel m<strong>in</strong>us illullres apparere deliderant. Idemjudicium efto de felibus (upc-<br />
riiisadduftis^Iuxenimduntaxatepilorum
Philofophico-Politica. 27<br />
SEmftr fortuni magm comes eft adiiUtie-, ait Vellejus Paterculus. Inter ipfos (atellitum eafcs<br />
mcdius <strong>in</strong>ceditafTentator: 6c dum omnes a<strong>per</strong>to Marteadverfari<strong>in</strong>udo lerro arcentur,<br />
folus domefticus <strong>in</strong>imicus vagatur immunis, quia eit <strong>per</strong>lbnatus amicus. Quam<br />
regiam purpuramnonarrodit t<strong>in</strong>ea illa ? ecquod lceptrum iixc teredo non exedit 1 etiam<br />
altislimascedroshsc lues <strong>per</strong>vadit. Non ni<strong>in</strong>us <strong>per</strong>iculi ab his palponibus,quam ab armis<br />
hollium. SxpiusRegumopesafTcntatioevertit, quamholtis, ut notat QJJurtius. CambylenRegemConfiiiariorumlarvatablandimenta<strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>arunt<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>ceftum.<br />
Stratoclis blandi-<br />
tixDemetrioSanctiflimiscoloribus<strong>in</strong>ju(tilITmatac<strong>in</strong>ora<strong>per</strong>rua(erunt. Ellpro<strong>in</strong>de adulatio pj^^^ f^<br />
<strong>per</strong>petuavitiorumaltrixabAmmiano Marcell<strong>in</strong>ojurenom<strong>in</strong>ata: benequeGrxcorumPhilo-^)^^;,^,<br />
IbphorumprodigiumBiasapudPIutarchumrogatus, qua:nam cmnium maximd noxia Beftia<br />
fhret ; relpondit : Inter cicurts aduiator ; Amicos referunt : verum , nonfacite ejl eodtm<br />
&amico, &adul.ttort uti, aitGallus Cxfar^VibiusFrebonianus. Pr<strong>in</strong>cipisbonumfequcerere<br />
t<strong>in</strong>gunt : verum adulatores lijorum Dom<strong>in</strong>oRim non tamarrifores, quam arrofores c^Lq-,<br />
Senccapronunciavit. Pnncipes,quiadulatorumcoronac<strong>in</strong>di<strong>in</strong>cedunt , qualiter vivuntj<br />
Jicut vituU<strong>in</strong>ttr lupos , aitCratesThebanus. Senatus ac Curia, <strong>in</strong> qua adulatores confilia di-<br />
cunt, qualiterftat 1 Rdpublicitmaximamcalamitatem aJferre felent , Cracorum difcrtijjimus affirma- Demofth.<br />
viti icko er2,o,Vo\'iticeh\s mclUtis laqueisi ut vocatDiogenes; hispatrit. ac virtutis <strong>in</strong>imicis , ita fhilip. 3.<br />
aPiutarchodcrcriptis; his Feris humanogeneripeftilentlbus , Ut PlatO loquitur ; his corvis mtntis o-<br />
culos cxctcantibus-, utEpiftetus nom<strong>in</strong>at, obviare. Neque quia fplcndent utaurum,eis cre-<br />
das : nequequiaTe,utHe(<strong>per</strong>us(bIcm fequitur,ames. Sub flellati enim zelipalliotua ve-<br />
Higia olculatur, manus bafiat, aures mulcet , placitaloquitur, domus Limenlambit : fed<br />
numideocanistelisamicuseft,quiaIambit &: l<strong>in</strong>git ^ dentem hoflilem, n.aturam adverfariam<br />
nutrit: l<strong>in</strong>git, t<strong>in</strong>dem fataliter flr<strong>in</strong>git.. Vat<strong>in</strong>iustibieft , tafc<strong>in</strong>at oculos, vcrborum<br />
lenoc<strong>in</strong>iisaurcsmcntemque<strong>in</strong>toxicat. Illudrciasimprimis ,nonomnemIucem natureeoptimx<strong>in</strong>dicemefic;<br />
namtScIignaputridalumenfub noftem fblent fundere,
28<br />
Metcorologia<br />
tionibus ficcis.Explicacur hoc exemplo pulveris pyrei iiumefa£ti,qui accenfusftrepitum edit»<br />
&c libilum ob contrarietatem liumoris cum igne.<br />
Quxres fecundo. Cur copiofiores Dracones volantes (peclentur celtatcquam hyeme,<br />
Refpondeo, idfieri,quiaa'[late cbpiofiorcs exhalationes , ob majorem caloris <strong>in</strong>tenfionem<br />
<strong>in</strong> fij<strong>per</strong>ioremaetisregionemevehuntur. Necrefert,qu6dhyemis tempore pluresvapores<br />
lenfibus<strong>in</strong>currant,dumpa(Iimeloquenciumvelanimalium ore copiofos llimare halicuscernamus,cont<strong>in</strong>githocpropteraeristi:igus,quod<br />
halitushos conftr<strong>in</strong>git, 6c condenfat, quos<br />
calorjefl;ateade6rarefacit,(3cextenuat, ut vifiimlateant, donec <strong>in</strong>media regione aeris rurfusa<br />
h-igorecondenfentur,&:vel<strong>per</strong>anti<strong>per</strong>iftaf<strong>in</strong>, vel<strong>per</strong> nubium occurfiimvel impetum»<br />
ut di61;um eft , accendantur.<br />
QujErcstertio. Quidportendat hocMeteororum genus. RefpondetFromondus, draconeshos<br />
volantes figna efle peftilendx, & morborum, quia aerem multis exhalationibus<br />
<strong>in</strong>teftume(reoportet,uttantEemolismeceora generencur. Su<strong>per</strong>fticiofiim vero eft, crederehoscicramorcis<strong>per</strong>iculum<strong>in</strong>tuer<strong>in</strong>onpofTe,<br />
multienimhos fpedarunt, Sc fii<strong>per</strong>ftites vi-<br />
vunt.<br />
tive.<br />
QuKres quarto : An etiam ars draconem volancem xmulari valeat. Refpondeo affirma-<br />
Sumeenimoblongascorrigias,has<strong>in</strong>aquavitK (<strong>in</strong>qua tamen antea camphora fueric<br />
refoluta) macera ; de<strong>in</strong>far<strong>in</strong>apyriipulverisconf<strong>per</strong>ge,accenfasqueexeditodimitte> 6c draconemvolantem<br />
expreflifti.<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Caliimniis ne v<strong>in</strong>caris.<br />
AfetM
Philofophico-Politica. 29<br />
MEtAcalumniMtium fu»t viri<strong>in</strong>aplce conHituti, adeo^ue fere nemo efl Mapiattm-, quem non gra- Dio Cap<br />
ziif.i.maferlhirigat. Vobncl<strong>in</strong>gua', verba uc lagittas emutunt , altiora petunc : 6c utfn^^ioS.<br />
Soicubis acpcrlpicillisexum<strong>in</strong>acur, quoadmaculare<strong>per</strong>iacur: ita, qui <strong>in</strong> rcpub.velut CapitoUn.<br />
Lum<strong>in</strong>ariamagnalucent,omnium(L<strong>in</strong>tjudiciisexpoliti, ut crimcn<strong>in</strong> iis notetur, quo <strong>in</strong>le- <strong>in</strong>Aaton.<br />
rioribus calun<strong>in</strong>ix- anla projiciatur. Etiam dum bcnelaciunt , pellimc denigrantur. Bene<br />
Alexander ilie 0$c trophxis Magnus : Rcgiumefl, cnm bcne feceris , male aiidire. Cum re-<br />
ttilTimus licbaculus, eumaqua<strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>ac &c curvum reprx'(t;ntac : Sic quadam re'ciiffim
30<br />
Metcorologia<br />
Conclufjotertia. Locusignisfatu<strong>in</strong>aturaliselt <strong>in</strong>fima aeris Regio. Frequentius veroapparcreloient<strong>in</strong>locis<br />
ck regionibus caiiclioribus, quam trigidioribus. Unde <strong>in</strong>HifpanicEmontibuspIuresaliquandoaviatoribusdeprelienduncur.<br />
Simiiitcr<strong>in</strong>iEtiriopia campellria<br />
loca lub<strong>in</strong>de tota nod« haud lecus , ac coilucentibus Itellis referta , conipiciuntur. Nec<br />
dubitatSchottusPhyl^cur.i. ii.part.2, c. 9. qu<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> littoraiibus regionibusterrceAudralis <strong>in</strong>-<br />
cognita: , maxime<strong>in</strong>regione, quamvocant Del Fuogo, ignes iiujusmodi terruer<strong>in</strong>t accedcntes<br />
olim Lulitanos 6c Hifpanos. Solent etiam ficquendores ad iurcam, 6c loca reorum<br />
fuppliciis<strong>in</strong>iamiaapparere, uti&cxmeteriis,quiacorpora etfi defbfia p<strong>in</strong>gues halitus con-<br />
t<strong>in</strong>uo exhalant, &materiam opportunam hisignibus fuppedicant, H<strong>in</strong>c templa, cryptis <strong>in</strong>a^diiicata,tebricitantibusnoxia,(Schabitacionemadca;meteiiam<strong>in</strong>usfalubremeileMedicido-<br />
cent. Llniverfimveio amanthiignescircapaludes,cloacas,'& qua;vis locaulig<strong>in</strong>oia,fli]phu-<br />
i-eam acfiicile<strong>in</strong>tlammabilem,craHamtaiTien&gravcm maceriam exha!anti3,copioIiores fe<br />
cxhibere, quodmajoribidem p<strong>in</strong>guium 6c vilccfbrumhalituum, undeenafcifblent,copia<br />
cxhalet.<br />
Quxresprimu. Queccaufafitmotiis, &: curfitationishorum ignium ? Refpondeo effe<br />
aerem, levesenimcum l<strong>in</strong>taquovis aurs motu veluti proprio iliorum vehiculo rapiuntur.<br />
H<strong>in</strong>cfiquis <strong>in</strong>eamparcemamljulec,ubiillilucent, ftacim ad motum fcilicetimpulfiaeris ante<strong>in</strong>fequencem<br />
fugit.LIbt vero hicaverfb it<strong>in</strong>ereabire occipit,fluxu ejusdem aeris,poft tergum<br />
fugitivi coeuntis, abeuntem <strong>in</strong>fequitur* Llnde hom<strong>in</strong>es , hujus rei ignaros , ftepe <strong>in</strong>latuarunt.<br />
ConfirmathocFromondus cxemplofuiafl<strong>in</strong>is: Redibat isnocteoppidoVifeto Haccuriam,<br />
tequali<strong>in</strong>terLeodium&MofxTrajeiSumdiftantia. Eteccemediocampocircumvolanttres,<br />
quatuorve tacux ejusmodi fices, Perterritus abjicit fe illicb <strong>in</strong> terram, <strong>per</strong>manent tamen illse,<br />
& uno, autalcero paffu ab illo diflantes fixje & immobiles circumlucent. Ciim diutius terrae<br />
<strong>in</strong>ha:reret& <strong>in</strong>vocaretDEIopem,abfiIiunt<strong>in</strong>dedimidioamplius milliari. Exlurgittumquafi<br />
Iiber,videtquetransvolaffeMofam, fed ecceduos,auttrespaffus conlecerat, revolantdcre-<br />
pcnC(^&: c<strong>in</strong>gunt,utprius; ibiipiemajoriterrore<strong>in</strong>terram recidercccepic , & <strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>acipro-<br />
cubitu tam diu fatigari donecrurfum l<strong>in</strong>ereditu ditfugerent. Similiad' alii paflim it<strong>in</strong>erantes<br />
ex<strong>per</strong>ci, quihorumigniumafpcdtu<strong>per</strong>territiredafead deft<strong>in</strong>ata loca tendere op<strong>in</strong>antes, reverfifunteo<br />
rurlus , undeprotedi funt,<br />
QiKEres fecundo. Quidecausa quandoque hi ignes fakitare, fubfilire, nec non , uc<br />
Cardanusobfervat,ttre<strong>per</strong>e,&voceshumanisnonnihiiaft<strong>in</strong>es edere advercantur. Relpond.<br />
Fieri<strong>in</strong>prim.ishuncfaltumobdeciduas guctas antelucani roris, quibus flammula: hce depri-<br />
de<strong>in</strong>deverorurius<strong>in</strong>ltauratisviribus ex<strong>in</strong>nata igni natura rurlum eJu6tantur; pa-<br />
muntur ;<br />
riter ftrepitum, «Scfbnum<strong>in</strong>ftarvocisexdemrorisantelucanigutta;, dumlii<strong>per</strong>hosignes depluunt,efFormant<br />
; nonfecus,acquandoflamma lcvi<strong>in</strong>f<strong>per</strong>fione aquce iiricatur, ftrepitum<br />
cdit,vellignarecenti3focooppofit3,<strong>in</strong>licumhumoremnonabsquehlluiacione ad vocis gementisimitationemexfLidant.<br />
LIndefabulaeft,quocredu!isquibusdam<strong>per</strong>lLiafum efl, animasdefundlorumiisflammis<br />
circumdatas expiari atque purgari.<br />
Qa.Tres tertio. Llnde fiat,quodhom<strong>in</strong>es harum ilammularum du6tu <strong>in</strong> praecipitia vel<br />
flum<strong>in</strong>a <strong>in</strong>cidant? Refpondeo,cijmadprxcipitiaducunt-, cont<strong>in</strong>gereidfoietideo, quod aer,<br />
dura <strong>in</strong>flar vorticis huc illuc vo!utatur,cciam hos igncs aLcrah2t,& <strong>in</strong>fequentes proecipites agat;<br />
dum verb ad flumlnarapiunc, fic , quia hcec curfu luo aeremaccrahunt, cui ignes <strong>in</strong>cumbunt,<br />
<strong>in</strong>de & fium<strong>in</strong>a fequuntur. Fieri tamen etiam poteft, ut <strong>in</strong>feltus ubique faluci noftras Diemon<br />
&:tenebrarumfpiritusfeimmifceat,&hifceignibusfub<strong>in</strong>deabutatur,utviator<strong>in</strong>odurno <strong>in</strong>fidiasflruat.<br />
Nemo ergo nifi fatuusfatuo ignianimum adhibeat fuum.<br />
Quceres Quarto. Numhiignesetiamquidportendant. Refjsondeo, fi folito frequentiores<br />
ardeant, aeris corruptionem <strong>in</strong>ducunt, generantur enim , ut ex didis conftat , ex materia<br />
Rilphurea, terreftri,combufta, quo aerem<strong>in</strong>ficerc&epidemiamcaufireapta tunt. Cceterumhxcetiamphcenomenatanquam<br />
impendentium malorum prarconcs Div<strong>in</strong>a Nemefis<br />
afTumerepoieft. RefertSchottusphyf^cur. L. 2. Cap. f. cum <strong>in</strong> Herbipolenfi Llniverfitate<br />
annoi65i. ptiblic^ Mathefim prolegeret P. Athanafius itirchertis , nofte quadam circa illud<br />
ipfumtempus, quoGuftaphusAdolphusSuecije Rex prcelio vicit prope Lipfiam Tillium ac<br />
Cxfareanos, evigilans <strong>per</strong> fisneftram <strong>in</strong> collegii atrium ac hortum defpicit, & ecce totum atrium<br />
luculenta flamma repletum, & <strong>in</strong> flamma milites <strong>in</strong>feftis armis congredientes videt. Territus<br />
hocfpedaculo,acftupefa6luscurritad Su<strong>per</strong>ioris cubiculum , ut excitatum e fbmno ad<br />
idem fpedandum deduceret ; fed veritus ne antequam eo <strong>per</strong>vcniret , oftentum evanefcerec,<br />
reditadcubiculum,numadhucduraret,expIoraturus;viditeadem, qutcantea; iterum ergo<br />
adSu<strong>per</strong>ioremcurrit, iterumqueutanteaeademdecaufaadcubiculum redit; Sed dum tertium<br />
fpeftat,evanefcit,narracpofterodie,additque magna affeverationejSuecum adventare,<br />
&Coliegiomagnamcalamitatemimm<strong>in</strong>ere; Eventusprot>avit omnia. Habeturtamen<br />
,<br />
hsec
Philofophico - Politica. 51<br />
hxc eadem flammula pro faufto quandoque om<strong>in</strong>e. Ad hoc facit quod idem cltatus Author<br />
,<br />
narratl.ii c.io.rt".?.Menis<strong>in</strong>SicUiapoftmagnos,calidos, &cont<strong>in</strong>uosahquot horarum flatuscertistemporibus<strong>in</strong>coemeteriotempliS.Agripp<strong>in</strong>xVirg,acMartyi-.munsEcclefice,actur.<br />
ris maenahom<strong>in</strong>umplebejorumlxtitia adha:retignis,quemvocant S.Agnpp<strong>in</strong>x,&margu.<br />
mentumeaudiiomnesdidilocicampanas,dumapparet,compullarelolent.<br />
OuceresQu<strong>in</strong>to. Quotemporehxcphcenomenaapparerefoleant, & quam diu. Ke-<br />
Ipondeo quoad^rimum, altate plurimum hxc cerni, tum enim majon vi fohs copiofior e terra,<br />
Sc paludibus exhalatio educitur. Pariter, autumnus <strong>in</strong> calidionbus locis horum Meteoro-<br />
rumteraxeft,quandonempe foliscalorvalidiorquidemeftadeliciendos , nonveroadaWu.<br />
mendos vifcofos halitus. Ad fecundum dico , ea fub<strong>in</strong>de ad aliquot horas durare, quoniatn<br />
materiatenaciorelt, quam ut ftatim abfumatur. Csterum abfumtis partibus fp<strong>in</strong>tuofis Sc<br />
glut<strong>in</strong>olis, reliqua materia pondere fuo decidit.<br />
-. .<br />
traconciavecoquatur,calid<strong>in</strong>aiituscamphoraECongregari
5'2 Mcteorologia >[<br />
<strong>in</strong> cafir.Ti deducitur. I^anesmresventm i,iflat^Jic ^Hhoshommesofimo : bene advertit Socrates.<br />
Socr. Tutius <strong>in</strong> plano Itationem Hges Policice, hic aut non cades, aut laplbs fi iueris , ceiebrum non<br />
spndStob, conteres. Siutl:"ulgurclares,<strong>per</strong>iculononcares, daturusnioxclades,quiav3poribus
Philofophico-Politica.<br />
55<br />
fonitu mobili ac fugaci <strong>per</strong>cipiunr. Quandoque tamen tonitru cont<strong>in</strong>uatum non eft, fcd<br />
echo refonans
34<br />
Metcorologia<br />
affl<strong>in</strong>ditur. Ratioverofecundihaudalia, quum accidentalis eft, nempe timor, &: metus,<br />
quolmbelliaha-canimaliaconicru<strong>in</strong>crebrclcente <strong>per</strong>celluntur.<br />
Qu,ceresqu<strong>in</strong>t6: Qujbustemporibustonitruamagis&viant? Refpondeo ,communiter<br />
^flate, velautumno, &. maximd polttranquillumantca coelum crebriora tieri tonitrua, eo<br />
tiuodmajorccaloreopusli;, uthalitus illiSulphurei nitroli, & bitum<strong>in</strong>oii attollanrur. Pl<strong>in</strong>iustamen<br />
hift.nat.l.z.c.f. vere &autumno, &:<strong>in</strong>iislocis,qua;<strong>per</strong>petu6vernanc, autautumnant,<br />
iiequentiiis tonitrua fieri docet , tbrte ex eo , qu6d his temporibus nubes adhuc t<strong>in</strong>c<br />
utcunque frigidse, & confequenter <strong>per</strong> anti<strong>per</strong>iftaf<strong>in</strong> halicus ignei <strong>in</strong>iilas recepta; <strong>in</strong>calef^<br />
cant, &:rarefiant. Cceteriimconftatex<strong>per</strong>ierttia, <strong>in</strong> calidioribus orbis partibusplerumquc<br />
tonarefiepiusobmajoremhalituumcopiam,qu2e<strong>in</strong>nubesrecipitur. Dixi plerumque, quia<br />
temporatonicruum , uci&tulm<strong>in</strong>um haud ubique terrarum eadem funt. Ita <strong>in</strong> Germania<br />
d<strong>per</strong>iore ceftate potillimumcont<strong>in</strong>gunttonitrua, rar6 ver6<strong>in</strong>vere,velautumno,nifi<strong>in</strong>ex-<br />
ituilliusj &:aci<strong>in</strong>itiumhujus,r3riflimeautem <strong>in</strong> Hyeme ; fi Tartariam Regni Mongal exci-<br />
pias, ubimixtisquandoquenivibusdicunturcaderefulm<strong>in</strong>a. In Sicilialtepe tonat, & fulm<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>hyeme,rarius<strong>in</strong>Kftate.<br />
InBelgiotonitrua, &fLilm<strong>in</strong>a <strong>in</strong> f<strong>in</strong>e veris , & <strong>in</strong>itio autumni,velexitUiEftatisfi-equentiorafunt.<br />
In Scythiaobtrigus, <strong>in</strong>iEgypto obnimiumardorem,vixullacont<strong>in</strong>gunttonitrua,uti<br />
&<strong>in</strong>Brafilia,tulguratamentantalunt, ut folem lucefii<strong>per</strong>are<br />
videantur. InAngliaquoquerar^ tulm<strong>in</strong>arefoletob mitiorem ca-li tem<strong>per</strong>iem ; licdtaliijudicenc,hocevenireaibliAngIicani,quodcretaceumeft<br />
, exhalationibus, qusfpiri-<br />
tus nitrolbs , acfulphureos vix habent admixtos. Econtra <strong>in</strong> feptentrionalibus partibus.<br />
Olao tefte, frequentifHma funt fulgura, fLilm<strong>in</strong>a, & tonitrua.<br />
QLTjeresSexto. Cur tormentorum bellicorum, bombardarum, aut campanarum fonitustempeftaresdir<strong>per</strong>gerefoleant^<br />
Refpondeo,fieri exeo,quodagr<strong>in</strong>tcrior vehementiori<br />
fonitucommocus. etiamfu<strong>per</strong>ioremcommoveat,&nubesvifcofis halitibus tbetas difcerpat,<br />
a«t difcutiat.<br />
Quxres Septimo : curfragoremnubisfubfequaturpluviaT Refpondeo, rationem effe,<br />
^uiaexconcutIionenubesdifrolvitur,<strong>in</strong>denubiumlapfusefticitur, ex quo imbres <strong>in</strong> terram<br />
profunduntur ; vel vero , quia nubes <strong>per</strong> anci<strong>per</strong>iftafim ad proprium frigus cunc fe fe reducen-<br />
tesfacilius <strong>in</strong> pluviam refolvuntur.<br />
Quseres oQiavo : Andtonitribusprognofticadefiimi posf<strong>in</strong>t J Refpondeo, Varii varid<br />
circa hancquceftionem AuthoreSop<strong>in</strong>antur. Ex mafut<strong>in</strong>o ventos, ex meridiano imbres ,<br />
maristempeftatem exvef<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>o ; ex hyberno ver6 ventorum frequentiam auguratur David<br />
Frcelich. Tonitrua orientalia efl^etauftaioccidencalia fore f<strong>in</strong>iftra , meridionalia denocare<br />
maris <strong>per</strong>ic ula , luem peftiferam feptentrionalia defignare op<strong>in</strong>at ur Leopoldus Auftriacus.<br />
Gardanuslib. unodefulgurecap. io.fulgura,<strong>in</strong>quit,'actonitrua valde noxia , fi pluvia non<br />
fuccedat; & quanto major, tanto tutior cft. Et ideo animum advertere decet, quanco<br />
plura&majora, &longiorafuer<strong>in</strong>t tonitrua,&fulgura, & quanto pluvis m<strong>in</strong>ores tiier<strong>in</strong>t,<br />
tantom3JoreseruntefFe£tus,&morbiacuti,&quanto fuer<strong>in</strong>cextra tempus, ut <strong>in</strong> protunda<br />
hyeme,caufamajor erit. Mizaldusdemiimobfervatfequentia: Si<strong>in</strong>januario tonuerit, pecora<br />
moriuntur & hom<strong>in</strong>es. In Februario auditui fuat noxia, mortem maxime divitum portendunt.<br />
InMartiopeftem&ventosvalidos. QiKEfiunt<strong>in</strong>Aprili, maricima<strong>per</strong>icula. Majaliapluviamcopiofam,&fercilitatem.<br />
Injunio pifcium & annonce copiam. In Julio arborum<br />
fterilitatem. InAuguftoferpentum excidium. In Septembrimagnas hom<strong>in</strong>um CcEdes.<br />
InOctobrivencos,tempeftates,frugum<strong>in</strong>opiam. InNovembrifrugum abundantiam,<br />
&hom<strong>in</strong>umhilaritatem. In Decembri concordiam populi,&omniabonaom<strong>in</strong>atur. Haec<br />
anveraf<strong>in</strong>t,exAuthore<strong>in</strong>quire , mihipleraquefu<strong>per</strong>ftitiofavidentur.<br />
Exdi(3:isconiges,quamvanaefuer<strong>in</strong>tpluresfententisveterumPhilorophorumde toni-<br />
tru. Anaxagoras enim & Empedocles dixerunt, illud non efTe aliud,quam crepitum ignis ext<strong>in</strong>ctiacircumfiifanubium<br />
aqua,ficut<strong>in</strong>je£taaqua<strong>in</strong>ferrumcandens, fumidus vorcex volvi-<br />
tur, fonitiisqueauditur. Faracelfus fieri tonitru voluit ex reflexione nubium a ccelo, id eft, reboationem,<br />
& velutecho effe vocis ad concavum coeli re<strong>per</strong>cufTEE. Bod<strong>in</strong>us a folis dxmonibusilludediautumavit.<br />
Contraeorumprimam fententiam eft, quod fit contra aurium judicium,<br />
audimusenim,cumtonat. <strong>in</strong>nubibuscorporum collifionem fieri potiiis,quam ignem&<br />
fpiritumext<strong>in</strong>gui,excujusext<strong>in</strong>ctione fonustancus nonfequerecur. Concrafecundameft,quodpotiusrifu,<br />
quamrefutatione dignafit, fi enim ftrepitus hic debet primum ad<br />
firmamenti concavum folidum (quod nuUibi eft) <strong>in</strong>deque ad nos <strong>in</strong> terram reflefti ; quantum<br />
temporis <strong>in</strong>tercedere deberet <strong>in</strong>ter corufcationem, aut fulgurationem vifam, & tonitru<br />
auditum, Contra tertiam funt rationesaddudtx pro<br />
conclufionibus noftris.
Philorophico - Pohtica.<br />
^ P P E N D I X,<br />
POflTe artcm imitari tonitrua,exhibuit quondam P, nofler Kircherus. Dum <strong>in</strong>tcr feflivos<br />
veluti beliicai um mach<strong>in</strong>arum mugitus holpices (uos graviter (alutavit. Accepit is globulosvitrcosnonmultumavel<strong>in</strong>namnucemqu3ntitate(upcrantes,<br />
quibus aquam nitrofamadmedictatem<br />
usq'ie<strong>in</strong>fudit,oritici6que bene occlufo ardentes prunas fubjecit. Calorc<strong>in</strong>terimmagismagisque<br />
<strong>in</strong>clufam aquam rarefaciente anguftiores fafti globulitanta yi<br />
ru<strong>per</strong>untvitrearcpaguia, utadtormcntitonitru fiagore proxime accederent. AtHnis huic<br />
ertalterapraxis,(<strong>in</strong>empeglobum velxneumvclterreum usque mediumaquarepletum ignt<br />
imponas,donecaerusquead (iimmamtenuit.itemreducatur; tum obturato , ne aertranipirarepofnt^foram<strong>in</strong>e,<br />
Jovifrigidoexponas, reducit fe paulatimtam aqua, quam aer ob circumfidenstrigusadconnaturalem<br />
fuumfbtum ,&condenfabuntut; metupro<strong>in</strong>dd vacuicx<br />
condcnfatione impendentis Splia;ra illa <strong>in</strong>genci ftrcpitu <strong>in</strong> mille partes difliliet.<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Confilia non f<strong>in</strong>t manca.<br />
PEr Confifium Respub. videt, (ed quid, fi manibus caret i videre , quS currus ftatiflicus dirigendus<br />
fit , & non ut expediatur , manus habere, eft currui fiacnum &c obicem ponere, Sagax<br />
<strong>in</strong> Conliliis prudentia necclfariam habec appcndicem diligentiam &c cxccutioncm. FidaConfiliariioculicomesmanusefLQ^uodmentis<strong>per</strong>fpicacitas,<br />
aut Confiliariorum fidclitas<br />
fuggcrtit , illico exequare. Carolus V. Im<strong>per</strong>ator gloriolidimus dicere fblebat , animam<br />
Ctn/iUitxecMtionemejfc j ambo autemi confilium
36<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Toiyh.l.^, IncafTum decreta f<strong>in</strong>fi eventu funt (ad quid enim fpeculatio f<strong>in</strong>e praxi) eventum profpcrat ><br />
de Rho - conliliuque manuducic obilctrix diligcntia. ^dByz.ay>tios Rhodii Legaui.n Aridicen dclegerunt<br />
^fidiis.<br />
r/tiiitjne cum eo Palemorle» cmifatmt tribus <strong>in</strong>flrptUum triremihus^tVokntcsfimHl&h.iflam&cadMcettm<br />
mittere ad fljz.antias ) ut fcribit Polybiua, Giduceo Confilium , haila o<strong>per</strong>atio delignatur.<br />
yanaenimfim viribus ira. Qups muroscontr<strong>in</strong>gcs, quamflragem <strong>in</strong> hofle excitabis, (i cxcosignes<br />
f<strong>in</strong>e globoemiferis. Nunquidfem<strong>per</strong>, quandoboatccelumilericV Scepemurmur<br />
<strong>in</strong>aneeit, tonat& (bnat,eft cymbalumt<strong>in</strong>niens. Stabit ad tormentorum mugitum hofti-<br />
lisacies, vanasque m<strong>in</strong>asridebit, quia globum non videt. Pau<strong>per</strong>tatem tuam delpiciet<br />
quiamunitioaecares;necpotes,quodvis, quianuHatibi<strong>in</strong>manibus vis,v/^fm;
Philofophico-Politica. 37<br />
lid£cabhumidisdivul(ae,ac<strong>in</strong>ter(econgregacx <strong>in</strong>fiammantur. Probatur lioc a paritatibus ,<br />
lic ligna conh-idione ignelcunt; lilcx chalybi allifus fc<strong>in</strong>tillaf, terrum li<strong>in</strong>a cxtrcitum ca-<br />
let.<br />
Ideoetiamalapatortioricxlisrc<strong>in</strong>tillxvidenturexoculisprorumpcrc, quia Ipiritus ca-<br />
lidi,vilionirerviences,alapxiCtu,(Scmanusallirxactricioneattenuantur, «Sc ab humidis lcpara-<br />
tx<strong>in</strong>acre uniuntur, d: luccnt. Sccundo fieri hxc accenlio poteil<strong>per</strong>Antipcriilal<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>trs<br />
tri!:;idjm nimisnubem, ut ex alibi didis (uthcienterpatet. Tertio motiis velocicacc, <strong>per</strong><br />
quam ignem poHe excitari, multo; contirmant cxptrientix. Sic de plumbo fagitta; alligaco<br />
telbturAriftoteles, illudobexcullilagitctvelocicatemliquefieri. H<strong>in</strong>c efFera gens Tarta-<br />
roru<strong>in</strong> redadluri ftamma <strong>in</strong> c<strong>in</strong>eres urbcs & oppida , lulphur S: corufca-<br />
tiones,f"ruclusredduntur<strong>in</strong>falubres, uti (Sc<strong>in</strong>v<strong>in</strong>eisvites llerilcs ob cadem maligna erfiuvia<br />
{"ulgurationum. Qiiodli vero clara funt tulgura, cenfentur <strong>in</strong>noxia. Mirabilem horum<br />
effcd-im <strong>in</strong>Muto<strong>per</strong>lanatorecu<strong>per</strong>ata ab<strong>in</strong>detelicicer voce recenfecVir clariftlmus Nico-<br />
laus TulpiusObierv. Med.l.i. c. 41. his vcrbis: joannes (cui muti cognomen impofuic <strong>in</strong>fortunium)petiturus<br />
Italiam <strong>in</strong>cidit <strong>in</strong>Piratas Turcicos, quorum Religioni nomen dare, cum<br />
renueret,adnilit'uiirehom<strong>in</strong>esferoccs, l<strong>in</strong>guam propterea radicicus cjusdemevellere , fed<br />
<strong>per</strong> plagam ex vulgi fencencia ("ub menco <strong>in</strong>flidam. Veriim ea crudelic.ice m<strong>in</strong>us ex voco ip(is<br />
iiiccedencedecruncarunttotamillam partem,qu3 l<strong>in</strong>gua hom<strong>in</strong>is volubilis eft,eaque adempta<br />
privaruntjuvenemomnivoce. QuatresampliusannoscumcaruilI"et, evenit tortc, ut <strong>in</strong>tempefta<br />
nocle admodum <strong>per</strong>celkretur ab <strong>in</strong>op<strong>in</strong>ato fulgure ; cujus <strong>per</strong>nicillimumlumen<br />
coelitus immilfum <strong>per</strong>ftr<strong>in</strong>xit usque eo pavidum iplius animum, uc <strong>in</strong>de ipfi non fecijs, ac olim<br />
Crocfifiliodifrolverecurviolentcrtenaxilludv<strong>in</strong>culum, quod ipfum fermonis ufu hadenus<br />
privaverat. FairusetiamTuIpioillcJuvenis, fc prot<strong>in</strong>us a fulguve <strong>per</strong>cepifTe majorcmmotum<strong>in</strong>mufculis<br />
l<strong>in</strong>gux, quafi fubl.ito jam <strong>in</strong>xquali illo Coalitu, quem fubmcnto rcliquerat<br />
vulnus,ibidema piratis ruditer fanatum.<br />
QuxresSecundo. Curpriusvideatur fulgur,quamaudiaturtonicru , cumtamencertum<br />
fic priiis heri tonitru,quam fulgur. Rcfpondeo rationem eire , quia l"pccies vilibilcs lura<strong>in</strong>istotomediopropagantur<br />
unico <strong>in</strong>ftanti, ciim nonhabcant Contrarium; audibilesautem<br />
fucceftivddeferunturcum mocu locali<strong>per</strong>aeris fludtuationem, &c quafi undationem , qux<br />
non nili cum longiori tempore fit. Sic etiam accidit <strong>in</strong> bellicis tormcncis, unde milices <strong>in</strong> acic<br />
ftacim acvident corufcacionem tcrmentorum , procumbunt fubito <strong>in</strong> terram; qua <strong>in</strong>duftriaCarolusV.<br />
diciturevafifTe mortem <strong>in</strong> obfidione MaflUix.<br />
QaxresTertio, Curfulgurfeucorufcatioquandoquevideatur f<strong>in</strong>etonitru ? Refpondeo.<br />
Ideadecaulafieri , quianubesadeoquandoquetenuis eft, ut exhalationi difcurrenti<br />
nonvaldeobliftat&nihilom<strong>in</strong>useamhabetconcretionem, quxadexcitandum ignem fuffi-<br />
ciat. Per tales corufcationes refrigerari etiamcoelumdicitur, utpote <strong>per</strong>quas cxhalationes<br />
calidacqux <strong>in</strong>terdiuaerem calefecerunCconfumuntur.<br />
QuxresQuarto. Cur f<strong>in</strong>^ fulgurc quandoque tonitru cont<strong>in</strong>git. Refpondeo, hoc<br />
cont<strong>in</strong>gere, velquia nubesabexhalationenon disrumpitur faltem verfuseas partes, quibus<br />
tcrramfpedat; vclquiaexhalationismatcrianonfem<strong>per</strong>adardorem concipicndum idonea<br />
E j<br />
eft<br />
,
38<br />
Mctcorologia<br />
eftobmultamadmixtamhumiditatem; vel demum , quia flamma propter nubium aliai-um<br />
craflarum<strong>in</strong>terpofitionem ab oculo removetur.<br />
Coliiges,dumnoctu(tcllatum<strong>in</strong>terdumcoclumfulgurat,m<strong>in</strong>imcidfieri f<strong>in</strong>e nubium Sc<br />
exhalationumconfliftu, patctenimex didtis, fulgura e nubibus procedere , nobis ob globi<br />
terraquei declivitatcm <strong>in</strong>vifiblibus,<br />
J P T E N T> I X,<br />
COrufcationem arte reprafentandi modum tradit Porta lib. 12, Mag. naturaH, c.ir. his<br />
verbis : (limatur quantitas <strong>in</strong>agna aqux vits opt<strong>in</strong>iie repurgato: , & <strong>in</strong> eam conjiciatur<br />
Camphora truftratim conci(a, qua; brevi fpatio <strong>in</strong> ea difTolvetur, hacdifToluta tene(tnt,&<br />
fores cubiculiclaudantur, neexha!ansvaporexrpiret,vas,quodaqu«vita; plenum eft , f<strong>in</strong>e<br />
fiamma carbonibus (ijbjeftis ferveat , uttota aqua <strong>in</strong> (Limum folvatur, qui cubiculum exp]eat,&adeo<br />
tenuiflimuserit,utvix con(pici polTit. Intretde<strong>in</strong>dealiquisaccenfa <strong>in</strong>mana<br />
candcla cubiculum, apparebit ipfi totum <strong>in</strong> flammis conftitutum. fi de<strong>in</strong>de <strong>in</strong> aqua vitae<br />
molcus , aut <strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>imum quid ambrz diffolvatur , poft flammam fuavifHmus odor fequc»<br />
tur.<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Armanonapprehendatnifi,coa(9:us.<br />
Philofophico-Politica. 59<br />
Cblnmad fnnt fcenii REgni & prxm<strong>in</strong>m. llbi cnim boni & mali funt , hisutrisque rcgcnda ^f.<br />
ellrcspubl. undcSolon ill.nn CivitMemoptime hubit.tri di.xit , i>i c^ua viros bonos honoribus aff- Jamb,<br />
d.contra iMp-obos panis-, mos fnerit. Vcium <strong>in</strong>gcnuis poena' loco ell vidcrc taciem hm Stob.firnf,<br />
pr<strong>in</strong>cipis. M<strong>in</strong>ari jH^cit. Nam&LeodumrugiCj <strong>in</strong>fugam holliliaanimalia conjicit,blan- +/.<br />
dientibusqueagncllib parcit, Ccelumque iplijm , non (em<strong>per</strong> dum fblgurat, tulm<strong>in</strong>at:<br />
Tcrruiireiaccft. Subdicipoenarumrei, lilLippliceshant, non (e<strong>in</strong><strong>per</strong> cxdendi funt. Et (i<br />
hollis<strong>in</strong>gcnuapvonus<strong>in</strong>duciaspccit, aut pal<strong>in</strong>odiam canit, noli (angu<strong>in</strong>em pecere. Opcimi<br />
viclorice pars c(t , Iblo <strong>in</strong>cuitu ejus cerv icem Ircgide. Notet,cui hununus <strong>in</strong> venis (anguis<br />
ftillac : Terrore meliHS ejfe hoflemdomarc-, qnkm pr.dio , ^iii ijitidem tcrror multis plus foene verisviribus fcftd [,<br />
profuit, aicVegccius. SicolimGcrmaniipsaplerumque tamabciiaprortigarunt^canitquedc^^.t^j/<br />
im<strong>per</strong>territo belliterrorcPocca :<br />
Prdcjue omnibns armis<br />
EtcanrurumopibiiSidextrisquc rcctntibusHnnm<br />
Sil Ital<br />
HannibalisJAt nomen cr.it i ,<br />
AlloquiturTrajanumPancgyrifta Pl<strong>in</strong>ius,atque adnom<strong>in</strong>isejus commendationem dignam<br />
a:vo fencenciam pronunciavit : Cum fcrociam Ju<strong>per</strong>biamque Panhorum ex proximo auditus PUn. <strong>in</strong><br />
magno terrore cohiberes., Rhenumque & Euphratem admirationis tuafama conjungeres Gloriodor vi- Panezir,<br />
ftoriaeft,ubif<strong>in</strong>e('angu<strong>in</strong>etriumphuscanitur. Palmaim<strong>per</strong>atoriaelt, qua'non cxhumano<br />
cadavereenaCcicur, led llndtumba virelcit. Marcianilm<strong>per</strong>atorislaudanda eltarmorum pi-<br />
cricia, folici icerarc: dum <strong>in</strong> pace ejfepojfumus, arma non <strong>in</strong>duamus. Hxc lem<strong>per</strong>v<strong>in</strong>cendi regu-<br />
la eft, femeltriumphandoicalibi nomenfeci(I'c,utdc<strong>in</strong>cepsm<strong>in</strong>andoarma jam pacem vi6l:oriimqueconciliet.<br />
QuoticsnomcnAlexandri(^'tama, maximum ucique <strong>in</strong> bcllo momentum,hoftes<strong>in</strong>fugam<br />
convertit 1 Sane prxtedtosDari<strong>in</strong>on tamarmis quam terrorcnom<strong>in</strong>is<br />
fuivicit. Tamenimdeviftoriaprxfcriplit, ut antcquamarmaacci<strong>per</strong>ecjamvidtoraudiret, q^^, / j.<br />
Nequc enim ejus potentiam fubtertugit, quem (iibjedtum voluit. Qualiter & ccelum , dum<br />
fulgurpncmittit, fcrirepoteftjlivult; ferirenonvult,(ifoioterrore<strong>per</strong>culfumhumiliat,utIub-<br />
ditusHat. Ergovidcmus,folocerroreBellaftarc,pacemflorere,darividoresf<strong>in</strong>e armis. Si<br />
vis v<strong>in</strong>cere-, cUmenter tc age, &dt civium nece ne cogita, monetEl. Fopifcus,<br />
QUtESTIO 111.<br />
Quid, ^ qtiotuplex ft fHlmen}<br />
POftfulgurfulmenfequicur, maximdvcrendummeteorigenus, ex quo div<strong>in</strong>^ potenti*<br />
visprxcipucelucelcit canente Pctronio:<br />
Primiis <strong>in</strong> «rbe Deosfecit timor : ardua caelo<br />
Eiilm<strong>in</strong>a cum t aderent , difiuffaque moeniafUmmis<br />
Atque i"Jmsflagrarct Athos.<br />
Exiftimatvulgusjflilmenenecorpusquoddamfolidumteliaccetifi<strong>in</strong>ftarexnubibus<strong>in</strong>terram<br />
cxcudum. Op<strong>in</strong>ioncmhancpictoresftabiliunt,fulm<strong>in</strong>antemJovemtrifulcojaculoarmatum<br />
ethgiantes. Veriim errorem prxfens qusftio explananda mox manitcftabit. Unde fit<br />
Conclufio prima ad mentem Philofophi. Fulmen eft exhalacio ignita enube magno<br />
impecuexcufta: liveucfufius&clariusexponacur, eftignis <strong>in</strong> exhaladone accenfus, &^nu-.<br />
bcvelutglobuscxcormentoxrcoexplofus. Nam dum exhalario illa vehementi agitatioftc<br />
majorem iocum qua:nt, fi <strong>in</strong>lerius nubem rumpit, eodem impetu deorfum verfus"teiTam<br />
r"^ A<br />
"^^'^ ^^ "^^^^ denfa &: coagment3ta,conftans parcibus benO coha.n-encibus,& velo-<br />
•<br />
•<br />
ciilur d eciam f crtur,non cxt<strong>in</strong>guitur <strong>in</strong> aere,ficut alia: imprefliones accenfiE , fed <strong>in</strong> terram de-<br />
tertur,& obviaquxque<strong>per</strong>rumpit &:difnpat.<br />
Exquohabesprim6,materiamfulm<strong>in</strong>is cfTe exhalationem fpirituofam ac fulphuream d<br />
rcbus(ublunaribusmaximenitro,fulphure, Ijsiritu m<strong>in</strong>erali & metallico cum analoeia pulveris<br />
p^Tii &aurx lulm<strong>in</strong>antis <strong>in</strong> nubes fublatam ; fulm<strong>in</strong>a enim ac tonitrua plerumque cont<strong>in</strong>gunt<br />
poftdies ferventiores, quibus plurimx exhaiationes fuSre extradtx acque <strong>in</strong> altum<br />
(ublatx. RatioverohujusmateriK deducitur primo ex eo, quod ca loca f<strong>in</strong>t potifHmum<br />
fubjecta fulmimbus , qux fod<strong>in</strong>as fulphuris & bitum<strong>in</strong>is habent; utCampania, ubi &<br />
hvemefuIm<strong>in</strong>ar,Lovanium,Infubria&maximeMudna, ubi Zibius monsnaphtamexftillat.'<br />
hx<strong>per</strong>tum (ehoceftbteftaturSchottuslib.ii.c. if. dumMjEnis&Calataierone<strong>in</strong>Sicilise urbibus<strong>in</strong>iEcnxign.vomimontisconfpcauhabitairetaffJrmans,<br />
fcnullibi camlrcquenciahorribilia,&<strong>per</strong>iculo(anotaflb<br />
tonitrua acfuim<strong>in</strong>a,quam.<strong>in</strong> prxdictisurbibusobeffluvia nempe<br />
Sulphurea
40<br />
Mctcorologia<br />
fulphureamontisiEtnce. Probaripoteft Secundo ex eo, quia, ut teftatur Fromondus Meteor.l.2.art.6.<br />
exSeneca,Pl<strong>in</strong>iOiiScex<strong>per</strong>ientiatefte, omnibus fulm<strong>in</strong>ibus <strong>in</strong>eft odorquidam<br />
fulphureus.<br />
HabesSecundo : Fulmennoneflelapidemigneexnubibus delatum , utvulgus putat<br />
apud Ariftotelem I.5. c. i.Ratioeft, quia alioqu<strong>in</strong> non eftet tam fiibtile, nec poftet corpora<br />
f<strong>in</strong>elxlionetrajicere,&<strong>in</strong>tuslatentiadisjicere, cum fbrmalapidis <strong>in</strong> tantatenuitatelervari<br />
nequeat.<br />
Habes tertio , Rejedtas Paracelfi , Pl<strong>in</strong>ii, Sc Bod<strong>in</strong>i erroneas degeneratione fulm<strong>in</strong>um op<strong>in</strong>iones,<br />
quorum primus fomniabat, DEUM <strong>in</strong> firmamento pofuifte (ijlphur, falem , 6c Mercurium,<br />
Secundddicebat: <strong>in</strong>ter aliasftellas eife quasdimilulm<strong>in</strong>ales, Iblum igneas, dc'que<br />
numeroaeflivarumvehementioresaliis; adco,utcumalixl<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>primo,alix<strong>in</strong> fecundo dcc.<br />
gradu , fiilm<strong>in</strong>ales fmt <strong>in</strong> trigefimo fecundo. Tertioajebat: <strong>in</strong> ftellisfijlm<strong>in</strong>alibuselfe (lilphur<br />
<strong>in</strong> fupremo gradu, falpeiram <strong>in</strong> (iimma p<strong>in</strong>gued<strong>in</strong>e,Mercurium <strong>in</strong> llimma contrarietate.<br />
Exhistribusconcludebat, tonitru, fulmen & tempeftates tiunt; Ita Paraceldis : quce retu-<br />
liffe, utjamexdicfispatet^refutafTeeft : Secundus docebat,tulm<strong>in</strong>aefledeciduostrium fu<strong>per</strong>iorum<br />
Planetarum ignes, Saturni <strong>in</strong>quam, Jo vis,&: Martis, &: ab iis exfpui cum crepitu , ut e<br />
flagrante igne carbo. Jovem tamen, qui <strong>in</strong>ter Saturnum & Martem eft medius, dici prxcipuumfulm<strong>in</strong>atorem.<br />
H<strong>in</strong>cfupponebKt,fteIIasvivere,vaponbuspafci, atque nutriri. Hcec<br />
ut prima a Paracelfo relata, patent primo <strong>in</strong>tuitu, figmenta &: fomnia effe. Tertius demum doquo-<br />
cebat, fulm<strong>in</strong>a a Doeraonibus fieriaera <strong>in</strong>colentibus, eo quod explicari rede non poilit ,<br />
modo exhalatio <strong>in</strong>u-a nubes accendatur, & <strong>in</strong>cenfa tantum fiagorem edat,cum nubes f<strong>in</strong>t corporamollia,<br />
humida, 6c facilecedentia. Hanc op<strong>in</strong>ionem pariter erroneameffe ex didis<br />
colligitur,&uIteriusmoxexdicendisconftabit. Coeterum fi maligni hi fpiritus fulm<strong>in</strong>um<br />
caufafunt, curapudnos nontulm<strong>in</strong>athyeme,<strong>in</strong>Regionibuscalidis xftate, cur non fereno<br />
coelo nifirarisfime, utprodigiiloco id habeatur J Non renuo quidem, quandoque hos ge-<br />
nios tum <strong>per</strong> fe, tum <strong>per</strong> magos excitare tempeftates
Philofophico-Poiitica. 41<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
SiEpeunius malitia Reipublicse excidiumefl:,ficut<br />
uniiis probitas falus.<br />
NOtaeftVirgiliicancntis lamentatione referta quajftio :<br />
Pallasjie exitrere clajjem<br />
Arghum, atque/pfos potuitjuhmergere Pofjto?<br />
Jiirias Ajacis OiUi.<br />
Unius ob noxam , &<br />
Unumpomumcentena <strong>in</strong>ficit: unaoviscentumconficit:<br />
Grex totus <strong>in</strong> agris<br />
Uniusfcabie cadit.<br />
Juft^cxteriterroreconcutiuntur,&:adfontesrecurrunt,quando proximus ardet tlca-<br />
Icgon. Serpitenimflamma, & vic<strong>in</strong>a quacque devaftat : ni providentia pnematura fopiatur.<br />
UnumpnEcipudccelodeciduumignitumfulmenoccuIta vi & contagione vaeatur, uc<br />
velunumrurticiat,junaam domui domum univcrfamque urbem c<strong>in</strong>erea ftrage <strong>in</strong>volvere<br />
/fjteid,<br />
Jnven,<br />
S«/?rc/>«;,«;autma!itio(usReipubl.Adm<strong>in</strong>iftrator,aut<strong>per</strong>verfusReeniConfiliarius,utcom- „, , .<br />
munebonum <strong>in</strong> cxcidium agatur. Plauto id aftbverante : CemexflorMHmeft, vel umus improhi IT "*<br />
[0C,etiis^,^H^ntHmdumnHm<strong>in</strong>tegri mHUitHd<strong>in</strong>ififi AttHUrit,& ufferrevoffiUta utvere aliauid malHmfitvi^ T<br />
anummMHm.Um chorda dilfona harmoniam <strong>per</strong>turbat:unus lapillus tot circum fe fluaus con- V * *<br />
nnua lerie excitat, ut lucidilllmum xquor, puriflTmum ^"<br />
illud fpeculum, contl<strong>in</strong>dat : Una nube-<br />
culaccelum <strong>in</strong> funasagit, ut totus fiderum fenatus <strong>in</strong>teft<strong>in</strong>a rebellione agitctur, Unusre»<br />
probus,quoredigitRempublicam? Hefioduscanat:
42<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Ufjius oh crmenpoejias ttrbstota rependit^<br />
Si quis Jacrtlegejefe gerat^ atque <strong>in</strong>jujie<br />
Jttpiter h<strong>in</strong>c coeloclades demittitab alto.<br />
Peftemjive famem.<br />
Sednequeprceclarc geftorum exe<strong>in</strong>pladefunt, quandounius virl virtus, aut confilium univerfamRempublicamrolidopedeftabilivit.<br />
Fadaaudi l juuus Epam<strong>in</strong>ondas Thebanos ad<br />
im<strong>per</strong>iumevexit, ut eum Agcfilaus, quantumvis hoftis , confpiciens exclamarit : O virHm<br />
Plmarch, ^''tg^ftficHnt. LtnusScipiolongum Romanorum cum Carthag<strong>in</strong>enfibus de im<strong>per</strong>io duellum<br />
<strong>in</strong> Rom. diremit, atqueRomanisafteruit,Catone<strong>in</strong> hunc militemillud laudis pronuntiante: Iftefaf!$<br />
^popht^ folits-i reltqHivelmumbravagamtr. Quem<strong>in</strong>Scipionem&Nfumant<strong>in</strong>i honorificumdidumderivarunt<br />
, <strong>in</strong>terrogati, cur Romanos Duce Scipione fugerent, quos ante fugarant J Quia oves<br />
cjnidem e^demfHnt^fedaliumhabent Paflorem. Plut. Auftriacum Pr<strong>in</strong>cipem Albertum nonprxterivero.<br />
HloBelgiumgubernante<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>axhoftis <strong>in</strong>pafta<strong>in</strong>duciarum promptd defcendit;<br />
& Religio Chriftiana ac Div<strong>in</strong>i Nom<strong>in</strong>is honor haud mediocre <strong>in</strong>crementum fumpfit ; (5c corrupti<br />
aulicorum mores <strong>in</strong> faniorem faciem redierunt. Ita unus multis fufficit , & fxpe rcgnumpendetab<br />
uno.<br />
QU^STIO IV.<br />
NOn<br />
An dettiv^ ^ qnid Ctt lafis fulmimus,<br />
faxcum aut metallicum nucleum necefte eft advocare ad fulmen explicandum,<br />
cujus nuclei <strong>in</strong>ter antiquos folus Avicennas mem<strong>in</strong>it. llnde 6c vulgi op<strong>in</strong>ioorta<br />
cenlensiulmenlapidemefrej enubibusevibratum. Non negaverim^^tamen , <strong>in</strong> nubibiislapidefcerepofte<br />
aliquod corpus, quod una cum fulm<strong>in</strong>e tanquam bombardie<br />
globus <strong>in</strong>terramexcutiatur, llndefit<br />
Conclufio. Probabileeft,darilapidemfulm<strong>in</strong>eum, qui quidem fulmen non fit , (ed<br />
alius effectus, ipfumquandoqueconcomitans. Ratiohujus eftprimo, nam fi adigncm ex<br />
fulphure, nitro&lutotieripotcftlapis duriflimus, Item, fiv<strong>in</strong>umduratur <strong>in</strong> tartarum &: <strong>in</strong><br />
hom<strong>in</strong>egeneraturcalculus ; cur id ipkun fier<strong>in</strong>on poftet <strong>in</strong> nubibus \ fimiliter multce exhalationes<br />
addenfantur <strong>in</strong> metalla,ut advertit AlbertusM. lib.^. trad^. ?. Cap. 75. & Georg<br />
Agricolalib. 4. de rerum fubterranearumortu, curigitur non idem praeftarepotueruntex-<br />
halationes <strong>in</strong>ternubes receptxj Secundo. Copiofam <strong>in</strong>tra nubes terreorum vaporum copiam<br />
cont<strong>in</strong>eri, aquapluviavafeexcepta docebit, cujus fundus terrcis fxcibus abundabit,<br />
ut pro<strong>in</strong>de lutum <strong>in</strong> lateres,ita terreie hte parces ignis potentia <strong>in</strong> verum lapidcm conflabuntur;<br />
^'^^i utteftatur Etfervus-, Serpentesanaturaedoftifunt folo halituefficere lapidem , longd<br />
fane faci.ius halitus <strong>in</strong> nube congregati lapidefcent. Tertio videmus , fuhn<strong>in</strong>a h<strong>in</strong>c <strong>in</strong>de dilcurrere,<br />
&rel<strong>in</strong>quereveftigiacurfus ; hac <strong>in</strong>trare, illuc exire, a loco<strong>in</strong> alium fi;r<strong>per</strong>e, &<br />
mille mieandris <strong>per</strong> domus , <strong>per</strong> templa, huc illuc vagari, ac tandem terris fe ablcondere.<br />
lIndeva!depiobabileeft,fulm<strong>in</strong>a, qucenonpenetrant, fed tercbrant &: diifundunt, fxpenumero<br />
lapidem vehere, quem cuneum vocant. Dixi f^pdnumero, ncque enim id fcm<strong>per</strong><br />
cont<strong>in</strong>gerced:imtunc, quandotamluculentaveftigiapoflfijrel<strong>in</strong>quit fiilmen, nam tatiseft<br />
adillos efFectusfuIm<strong>in</strong>eam flammam dejici S nubibus <strong>in</strong> materiacraffa, &c confiftente accenfam.<br />
Raro enim, tametfi exftent vcftigiaprxdifta, lapides re<strong>per</strong>iuntur fulm<strong>in</strong>ei, cumtamen<br />
conilet, «ScPl<strong>in</strong>iusetiamfateatur, nunquamaltius qu<strong>in</strong>quc pedibus <strong>in</strong>tra terram penctrare<br />
fulm<strong>in</strong>a.<br />
Roboratur Conclufio Exemplis. Jo. Bapt. Mor<strong>in</strong>us narrat, anno 1627. die 29. Novem-<br />
bris fereno coelo <strong>in</strong> montem Nalfonem, Alpium maritimarum unum, poft bombardarum fraporesauditoscecidiffehpidem<br />
c<strong>in</strong>ftum fiammeo circulo, librarum Parifiacarum jg. tribus<br />
oculacis teftibus,qui affervatur ad Aquasiextias <strong>in</strong> cimeliarcho D. Borrilii.<br />
LegiturapudCardanumlib. I4.variet.c 72.15-.10.<strong>in</strong> agro Abdije , ex nube ignita poft <strong>in</strong>geatestragor
Philofophico-Politica. 43<br />
ConclufioSecunda. Lapishic Ccrauniusnvefulm<strong>in</strong>eus, quieftcuneus, feufulm<strong>in</strong>is<br />
tdumpadimnom<strong>in</strong>acur, generancen(etur,exterreltri vifcolii diverlluum rerumexhalatione<br />
, & humorevaporumvi efticacillTmxiliiusflammxfulm<strong>in</strong>eicrepentiiconcrctispartim<strong>in</strong><br />
ipfanube, partim<strong>in</strong>delcenfu <strong>per</strong>aerem ; haud aliter, quam <strong>in</strong> fbrnacibus mecallicis , auc<br />
terrariisLapidesavehementiiiquetadtionecoquuntur&conflantur. H<strong>in</strong>e etiam varias hi<br />
lapidescoelodeciduiacccpC-renomenclationesi i.Fulm<strong>in</strong>eus, cuneusvelcerauniusdicicur.<br />
2. Brontiusvocacur, quicumtonicrulabicurfigurx lemifphxrico;, ovi ferc magnitud<strong>in</strong>e. 5.<br />
Omphias, quicumimbribuscadit. Nafci tam hic, quam fu<strong>per</strong>ior cx aquis poted , cum<br />
pluiimihodienumi<strong>in</strong>tfontes,quorum aqualapidefcit. TeftiseftSepufienfis <strong>per</strong> Llngariam<br />
tradus,ubi do.nusampixaqueis e lapidibuseredtce.<br />
QuxresPrimo: Qu^xnam (<strong>in</strong>tqualitateshujusLapidisCaleftis ? Refpondeo : Candidusimprimisutplurimum&pellucidus<br />
hiclapiseft, quod ignis excoquentis, &: a fordibus<br />
depurantisvehemencixadfcribendum. Secundo. PrxtcrLapidum naturam Ieviseft:quia<br />
nenipe probe excov3:us parum humoris habet, qui gravitatem augere folet. Tercio <strong>in</strong> culpidemacuitur;<br />
quianullafigura<strong>per</strong>rupcioniaptior , hanc pro<strong>in</strong>di} exhalatio nubem <strong>per</strong>fora-<br />
tura<strong>in</strong>duit. Quart6,conicamplerumquefiguramret<strong>in</strong>et; quiamixtumeft 6 levioribus fimul<br />
& gravioribus vaporibus , quo fit , ut graviores fubfideant , & leviores attollantur,<br />
Qu<strong>in</strong>t6,LapishicmoIliri,autelaborari (cnonpatitur; quiaeft ulcima decodione dccodus><br />
adeoque durilTimus.<br />
(^rxres Secundd : qux fic caufa f<strong>in</strong>alishorum Lapidum ) Refpondeo, cuneuspuerorum<br />
ladenciumcunis(Lippoficuseosabherniaprx(ervare credicur , eo quodqualicatemvalde rcftr<strong>in</strong>gentcmcxhalet.<br />
IndiluisLapidibusmetall<strong>in</strong>is (dequibus mox agemus) aurumadmilcent,excujusMalfaannulosconficiunt,<br />
quos&admorbospcHcndos, &:ad vittoriamcontra<br />
hoftem obt<strong>in</strong>endam plurimum valere fu<strong>per</strong>fticiose exiftimanc. E concra memovacur <strong>in</strong> Anni.^.decc.Ephem.<br />
Germ. obs.yj.fulm<strong>in</strong>ares Lapides <strong>in</strong> Scopelif<strong>in</strong>o re<strong>per</strong>tosaliquando <strong>in</strong>feliciseventusprodromos<br />
fuiffe. Hiftoria<strong>in</strong> hxcvcrbaexponicur: contigit aliquandoquasdam<br />
fbem<strong>in</strong>as curiofitate <strong>in</strong>tempcftiva impulfus viris <strong>in</strong> convivio v<strong>in</strong>o <strong>in</strong>tencis convocafTe «liquot<br />
glcbx ad(ci iptos viros,ut (copelifmum CiFoderenc. In effoib Gigantis cubili re<strong>per</strong>iunc<br />
ollam c<strong>in</strong>eribus plenam , & vcterem quendam culcrum novcmque cuneos fulm<strong>in</strong>cos elegan-<br />
tes,(Scquafipolicos; pcraftolaborc<strong>in</strong>conviviumrevertuntur; rcquafiben^gefta fac<strong>in</strong>us,vel<br />
curiofitacempasnicencii dignam recenfent; fuccenfec&<strong>in</strong>dignacurconvivii caput, vel holpes,malum<strong>in</strong>detijturumprxdicic.<br />
Eventus prxfigium probavit; mors etcnim atra, quoc<br />
fuerantfulm<strong>in</strong>aresLapidesexilluilrifamiliaunacumhofpite e vivorum tbciecace unius anni<br />
Ipacioprofcriplic, Ica ibi. Scdhocportentumeft, cujuscaufxnaturalcs haud ailignaripoP<br />
func.<br />
ConclufioTertia. Non modolapis, fcd 6c ferrum , aut aliud metallum cum fulm<strong>in</strong>c<br />
quandoque caderc poffunt. Racio eft , quia exhalationi Sulphurex admifceri pofrunt metallorumramenC3,m3ximeargentum<br />
vivum contem<strong>per</strong>atum&itaad<strong>in</strong>vicemcoada&compada<br />
folidari <strong>in</strong> ferrum,vel aliud mctallum,nam quemadmodum,utbeneobfervat LeGrand,hift.<br />
natur. parte 6. art.
44<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
veiorpatha,ficut<strong>in</strong>rcholioibidem addituraD. Menczeiio,ponderavitFer^ unciasundccim,<br />
SplenduitarsadLuceumaurichalcicolorem, ad cujusmanubiilateraftriic !ive l<strong>in</strong>e^ a!i(.]uot<br />
tanquam arte fadx <strong>in</strong>curvabantur. Su<strong>per</strong>ior pars tenuior &c <strong>in</strong> acumen & rotundum def<strong>in</strong>ens<br />
f)lena fuitloram<strong>in</strong>ibusnon <strong>per</strong>viis,ade6,uttorm3m (ivemodulum,cuix'siliudmixtUip<strong>in</strong>fuumf"uit,nonadmodumK\rve&:<br />
terseconfeceric,quicunt]uefijerit'a.'thcreus ille chymicus.<br />
Nonobliterandumed, quodAnnoiSy?. diezS-oi^tavaMaji Ermendorffii <strong>in</strong> pago lirili-<br />
cet tribus quafi miilibus paHlium ab urbe Haga diftantc contigit. Exorta hic tempeflas<br />
aut/^««j auiea di-<br />
circavefpcram, <strong>in</strong>quaunacumfulm<strong>in</strong>em<strong>in</strong>eraquKdam aeren chryJocoUa .,<br />
daaBaldu<strong>in</strong>o , fivevis quitdam lapidumeffufaefl, quorumcolornempe viridismiftuscum<br />
Cccruleo fuic, quibus etiam <strong>in</strong> parietelitenv ca^rulece exarari poiuerunt.<br />
Hucrevocandaquoquefuntmirai!la,quajreferuntEpiiem. German. Decur.a. Anni 7.<br />
obC?. &ab<strong>in</strong>colis<strong>in</strong>Indiaoftenduntur, Hahent Balfotfes<strong>in</strong> fua InfulaRotamiblidamexierc<br />
cum fuo modiolo, quam ajunt efferotam de curru Luns magna tempeftate delapfam <strong>in</strong> illum<br />
locumiubiadhuccuftodicur. Similiternarraturde<strong>in</strong>fuiaiVroM,6c.miIliaribush<strong>in</strong>cEuronothum<br />
diftante, &e foloferemonteconftante,qu<strong>in</strong>onitadiu valido terrce motu & igne fubterraneo<br />
ciimtotafere<strong>in</strong>fliladisruptuscft. Inilliusmoncisverticeante )-o. annos<strong>in</strong>gens&;<br />
monflrofum vas cereum (tecic, ambiguam habens figuram <strong>in</strong>cer cympanum , dolium , oc ahenum;abIncolis<br />
5/V^«^o»ftfr,idcfl,cympanumconicruappellacur, quodunanimi voce Incola?<br />
narrant , Patrum (liorum tempore <strong>in</strong>genticumtempeftate&tonitruillucprojedtum effe ;<br />
polteaTcrnataniPrxcoresmagnaviilludvasfregerunt,& plurimum ceris abflulerunt. Prarfeftustamenquidam<br />
Batavusteflatuseft, fereliquiasejusvidifre^&exiisconjeciiTe, tam vaftumilludvasfuiire,<br />
ut ab hom<strong>in</strong>ibus <strong>in</strong>al<strong>per</strong>um 6c prxcipitemillumlocumporcatumfuifTc<br />
<strong>in</strong>credibilefit.<br />
LApidi<br />
J P T E N T> I X,<br />
fulm<strong>in</strong>eo,ferro &:metallo , enubibus ejaculato addipofTunt globi igniti<strong>in</strong>di^ pariter<br />
aliquandodecidui. SicAnno 1695.^1^7. Decembr. Argent<strong>in</strong>um verfusecocloa<strong>per</strong>iri<br />
vifo <strong>in</strong>gens globus igneus delapfus comparuit; qui <strong>in</strong> aere haud aliter, quam fi tormentum<br />
exploderetur<strong>in</strong> modum fedivx Salutationis fragorem repetitis vicibus edidit.Globus autem<br />
juxtarelacionem eorum:quividerunt,<strong>in</strong> tresviasdif<strong>per</strong>fusdecidit; aliquibusvidiseft<strong>in</strong><br />
vaWem Ki>i/!ge»fem , aliisad diftriftumverdiscaftrum For^-Low//; Aliivideruntadpratumficdidtum<br />
Rtet Argent<strong>in</strong>am verfus , quorfum etiam decurrit,qucm locum,cijm quidam Jn^exifTent,<br />
VJderuntgi-amenibidemambuftum,& toramcnterrae <strong>in</strong>cufilim.<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Cafiisfspegloriae <strong>in</strong>crementiim eft.<br />
omnis Icarus <strong>in</strong>felix eft , licet <strong>in</strong> mareruac : nam ut gemma furgit. Non omnis Phae-<br />
NOn thonbufta excitat, ni(i ea,qua: ilium <strong>in</strong>aurum eliquant. Cccidifje bonum eratBruro,<strong>per</strong><br />
hujuscafum Romaftetit. BonumeratHoratioCociiti^<strong>per</strong>hujuslapfijm collapfa Patria<br />
fiarrexit. Bonum er^t Anvxo : mn fftrrecfm-us , ni cecidiffct^erat. Tollitur <strong>in</strong> altum <strong>in</strong>formis<br />
glebte ac terrce im<strong>per</strong>fecta maffa : at ut velut <strong>in</strong> conflatorio (blis fbco a fcoria purgaretur , <strong>in</strong> lapidem<br />
fulm<strong>in</strong>islabore (blidatur, deciduaque de coeloanulis<strong>in</strong>feritur , <strong>in</strong> lignaculum efFor-<br />
matur. Labitur humana fi:agilitas, <strong>in</strong> lapidem ofFenlionis etiam Heroes imp<strong>in</strong>gunt ; ur au(u<br />
fortioriadmajusglorijE<strong>in</strong>crementumafTurgant: ««i://]/f^w^f. Et Sol occidit reditquc illu-<br />
flrior. Et<strong>in</strong> proftuentemCygnus delabitur, utcandidior emergat. Et aquilispenniEdeci-<br />
dunt, ut velociores repullulent, ut & cefpitante pede pronus <strong>in</strong> terram equus furgit exlapfu ve-<br />
locior. Etdemerfum<strong>in</strong>pelagusretepriEdadives egreditur. Et defoffus <strong>in</strong> ima terrs fur-<br />
culusfru£tibus graviscxfiirgit. Et confedus <strong>in</strong> acie belliduxanimos relumens meliores<br />
meliores laureasmetit.<br />
Sero aemisi cum fpes h^ud relicjua ef} remediil<br />
ItadicebatElectraCIytemneftramredarguensapudEuripidem, quia pofl cafiim non daba-<br />
turrefurgere. At,ubi rediredaturadmelius, Wf captum bene mutatur , fic <strong>in</strong> proverbio di-<br />
. centePhilippo Im<strong>per</strong>atore. Mem<strong>in</strong>i me legifTe : quod de Julio CacfareSuetonius fcribit<br />
Sueton.ia<br />
i^hodum petebat Cxfar,daturus o<strong>per</strong>am arti benedicendi Apollonio Molonio Prsceptore ,<br />
vtta.<br />
^^i^ circaPharmacufara aprKdonibus captus eft.Verum numeracis qu<strong>in</strong>quag<strong>in</strong>ta talentis redemptus,<br />
:
Philofophico-Politica. 4f<br />
dcmptus,eloquentiscurapoRhabit3, claflTedeductapraEdones <strong>in</strong>feOiatus, eos<strong>in</strong> fervitutcrn<br />
redepi'oneali(juando<strong>per</strong>cn//<strong>in</strong>(tn(juampol}eaacrabrotti'l;us., vefpis apihiiscjue feriuntur. Pl<strong>in</strong>ius. Cum<br />
Aiexandrovulncratofemelcadensitarefurge, utde<strong>in</strong>cepslem<strong>per</strong> vicloriofus nunquam labaiis.<br />
Sic (ecidiffejuvat,<br />
QU^STIO V.<br />
Quxnam fit CAufa fulm<strong>in</strong>is impetns 3 ^<br />
liqui,<br />
motus ob"<br />
Qllamvis prifens difficultas majori ex paitejam enodata fit ex quxftione fecunda de ful<br />
I gure&pra;cedcntc,proclarioriramenreiexpofitione,fit<br />
Conclufio prima. Cautkm qua cxhalatio , <strong>in</strong> nubc <strong>in</strong>clufa <strong>in</strong>flammatur , efTe pri<br />
mb Ancipcriftafim, qua nubcs f rigidior elleaa conftipatur magis ", &'di(^e7fa7colfigit<br />
partesexhaIationis,qucecolIcdlxacconftipaCcv.,,^..uvj<br />
:x mucuo aftliau & difcurfu fe atrenuant , ficdue<br />
'<br />
Kpnt\nAX D ^r rv: I • • /• 1 •<br />
imSrT'""^'''» n"'l^"'A"'^''"'"f "''•'• ^"^^""^^- Refraaionem lum<strong>in</strong>is fblaris; quod<br />
nnubevelutmcp;fbllod.rcaumtac.ien,atcr.am illam ferit & accendit, vel demu^^ftelnrn<br />
n ftT'" '<br />
^' d^.c.duas ex (up,cma rcgioncaL'ris,aliaquc ignita meteora u'<br />
ex eodem<br />
loco<strong>in</strong>ftat.onemnub.umdcjcaa,&exhalationemibiconglobaiam<br />
<strong>in</strong>ccndentia.<br />
t ? Cbn-<br />
AU.rov.1,<br />
I. ornitho .<br />
log, Pl<strong>in</strong>,
46<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Conclufio fecunda. Caufaveio, qua; accenfam exhalationem torquet deorfum , eft<br />
impul(us,quemflammararercendo,&:<strong>in</strong>tranubisangufliascomprcflaiecipitanube,cujus la-<br />
tera quacit, ut ponTt evadere.llndeficcont<strong>in</strong>gitgenerari lulmen: exlialationes multte (ulphureai;acnicrofenubibusimmixtx-,frigoretandem<br />
&:conden(ationc vaporis <strong>in</strong>unumcon-<br />
giobatte, flammamconcipiunt,&coliedo impetu extra nubis angultias le clauftris cffra£lis<br />
ejiciunt.<br />
Ncc mirumvideridebet, quodcantoimpetueKhalatioillaaccen(aferatur,quando<strong>in</strong>venitrefiltentiamnubisiubftancicEdbtconcraria;,<br />
quandoquidcm fimilem apud nos habeamus<br />
ex<strong>per</strong>ientiamdepi.ilveretorment3rio<strong>in</strong>crabombardam vel chartam , vet aliud corpus eru-<br />
pcionireliftens<strong>in</strong>cenfo. Solumdifficilcapparet, quomodonubespofl<strong>in</strong>t tanto<strong>per</strong>e refifterc,cum<br />
nonvideanturefTetamdifliculter<strong>per</strong>meabiles. SedhaEcdifficultaslacile refunditur<br />
<strong>in</strong>qualitatescontrarias, nubisfrigiditcumqualitatibus exhalationis calidx&accenfte; patec<br />
hujusveritasab<strong>in</strong>dudtionealiorummixtorum<strong>in</strong>ter fe contrarietatem adeo <strong>per</strong>vicacem exercentium,ucetiammotulocali<strong>in</strong>imicum<br />
difFugiant; ficfal <strong>in</strong> ignefaltat 6c cxilit; ftannura<br />
nonpurgatum <strong>in</strong>fusa aqua, dumlique(cit,extravaseru<strong>in</strong>pit. Ita etiam S. Hieronym. Pro-<br />
verb.^f.cap.io. <strong>in</strong>quit: nitrumcrcpitare<strong>in</strong>aqua ; ficutcalxviva; ficut& idemhal<strong>in</strong>itrum <strong>in</strong><br />
igne. Nec ad edendum fonum corpus durum ncceflario requiritur, nam certum eft, ne quidem<br />
ftrepitum tormenci X duricie metalli procedere, fed ab impetu erumpente, & <strong>in</strong> vic<strong>in</strong>um<br />
aerem <strong>in</strong>currente, eiimque disjiciente, nam idem bombus auditur feu aeneum fit tormencum<br />
feu ferreum , (cu coriaceum.<br />
InftattamenadhucBod<strong>in</strong>uslib.2,theatri,nubem, cumficrariflima &: admodum fluxa,<br />
non poirc tantiam flammce impetum imprimerc, ut fumma vi torqueatur <strong>in</strong> terram. Refpondeo,<br />
id fieriad evitandam penetrationem ; namexhalatio<strong>in</strong>anguftumanubeundique ftipance<br />
concracta , & de<strong>in</strong>de tota fimul Inflammata , tam celeri rarefcit motu , ut vic<strong>in</strong>ce ac con<br />
tigua; ignispartes tantateft<strong>in</strong>ationccedercilli nonvaleantacdiffugere, qu<strong>in</strong>flamma,pundto<br />
feretemporistam latampoftulansexpanfionem,nonfentiat, fevehementer etiam premi, ac<br />
pro<strong>in</strong>de<strong>in</strong>nubem jamaqueam , &gravem ihcurrensimpetum accipiat , quo<strong>in</strong> tenam ier-<br />
tur.<br />
De<strong>in</strong>delicetignis & flamma natura fua flirfum tenderet, ab oppofitatamennubecraf-<br />
(ioredeorfumimpellitur, nubem verolu<strong>per</strong>ioripartecraflioremmajoraradiis reflexis Solis<br />
diftantia facic, qua; frigus <strong>in</strong>tenfius, & hoc majorem partium condenlationem ca jfat.<br />
Qu;£restamen,utrui"nomniatulm<strong>in</strong>ade(cendant ? Re(pondeo, communiter defcendere<br />
deorfum, cum nubesobdictamcauiamcommuniterrariorfit<strong>in</strong>parte<strong>in</strong>fcriorialiquando<br />
tamen furfum afcendere, quando fcilicec ob alias circumftantias cont<strong>in</strong>git, uc nubcs rarior<br />
lit ex parte fu<strong>per</strong>iori , <strong>in</strong> qua tunc frangicur.<br />
Conclufiotercia. FuImenord<strong>in</strong>arieiiTegularimotu&obliqu^defertur. Ratio eft primo<br />
, quia ignis hic ob fubtilitatem fuam facile a redto it<strong>in</strong>cie avertitur. Secundo, quia iplijm<br />
fequitur,pr3eitquehalitusplurimus&flatusconglobatus, quo<strong>in</strong>variaspartesrefilit , ut annotavitAlbertusM,<br />
<strong>in</strong>trad:. defialm<strong>in</strong>ecap.ii.Analogiaprseftoeft<strong>in</strong>aquaex fiiblimi rurrede-<br />
miffa, qucefub<strong>in</strong>deviamobliquat. Tertio, quia fiepe ex latere nubis oblique excutitur , (i<br />
nimirumilludrariruseft. Quartodenique,ucdocetSenecalib.z.natur.quarft. cap. ig. quia<br />
natura ignis furfum vocat , vis, qua d nube dejedus fuit, & exhalationis craflitudo deorfumpremit;<br />
atqueita, dumneutravisaltericedit,mediavia, id eft, oblique fertur, donec<br />
viftoignisconacuadterrasdefcendit. Qu^Kcaufaeft, cur turres , & alta cacum<strong>in</strong>a laepius<br />
feriat, quam qux <strong>in</strong>humililoco confiftuncjuxtatritum : Fermnt fitmmosfulm<strong>in</strong>a montes. Cijm<br />
enim <strong>per</strong>pendicularis l<strong>in</strong>ea e coelounica , adlateraverofeudiametrales duci poffunt <strong>in</strong>numerae.<br />
Quceres : <strong>in</strong> quo conveniat, &: <strong>in</strong> quo dilferac fulmen a bombardis , &: fulm<strong>in</strong>eis noflris<br />
tormentisi quas ante trecentos paulo m<strong>in</strong>usannos <strong>in</strong>venit Bertholdus quidam Scurrarfiis<br />
Monachus Germanus^utaitPaterdeRhodes, Phil.Peripat. 1. i. D. i;. q.a. Scc. a.<strong>in</strong><strong>per</strong>niciemorbisterrarumy<br />
Refpondetqua£ftionihuicidemcit.Author, & docetprimo, ea con-<br />
venire <strong>in</strong> motu & celeritate ; nam ficut fulmen validiflimo impetu, & boatu magno <strong>in</strong> cerrani<br />
vibraturenubibus; ficplerxquemach<strong>in</strong>ce<strong>per</strong>qu<strong>in</strong>que paffuum millia fexcentas fi^rrilibras<br />
excutiunt,tantaccleritate , utunoquoquem<strong>in</strong>utotriacirciter millia paffuum conficiat calis<br />
globus.<br />
Secundoconveniuntpotioriexparte; nampulvis pyriusconftatSalpetra, quodaliivocanthal<strong>in</strong>itrum,<br />
fulphurt& carbone; nequepulvisidempromajoribusadhibeturtormentis,<br />
qui m<strong>in</strong>oribus <strong>in</strong>fervit; grandioresenimmach<strong>in</strong>asfi-anges , fi m<strong>in</strong>utoeasoneraverisfclopetorumpulvifculo,<br />
<strong>in</strong>quoabundatmagishal<strong>in</strong>itrum, mifccturetiamei aliquidmercurii &<br />
lalis ammoniaci cum aceto. Ea vero proportione <strong>in</strong>funditur pulvis » ut glandis pondus tertia<br />
, -,<br />
parte
Philofophico - Politica. 47<br />
parteru<strong>per</strong>etpondusipfiuspulveris; fi enimpondusglandisficlibrarum;o. pulveris pondus<br />
eirc debet librarum 20. lic <strong>in</strong> tulm<strong>in</strong>e abundut fiilphur, ut patet ex odore ,
48<br />
Mcteorologia<br />
nonparcit, &amicosnecirubjicic, &familiares mortis fententil condemnat ; unde cxteri<br />
veluc flilm<strong>in</strong>e <strong>per</strong>culfi timorem concipiunt. Quid enim i <strong>in</strong> extraneum an mitis fuifTet<br />
ManliusTorquatus, quifupplicio filium fuftulit, quodbelloLat<strong>in</strong>ocontraimpcriumfioflem<br />
depugnarit 5 Ergo,ficonfticutusesfequefterJuris, arbiter boni & cequi , fponfus juflitije,<br />
Ltvtus Hymenseus pacis, fecialiscommunisboni,cuflosaequicatis, medio pede <strong>per</strong>tranfiens, afFe-<br />
'• i' ftuneabripiaris, necira<strong>in</strong>fanias, fedmediumtueare. Hoc tibi pra;figas album tuarum adlionum,<br />
necaddexteram, necf<strong>in</strong>iftram <strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>are ; quemadmodum lai^ittarius ad metam<br />
telamittit; &:utjuftitialibramgeftat, unal<strong>in</strong>gulabilancemtenens , fimulac coeca : ita non<br />
cognatio, non utilitas , non familiaritas attendatur. Confangu<strong>in</strong>itatis pullus puniatur , fi<br />
reuseft: extraneusfoveatur,fidignuseft: nicido^non<strong>in</strong>tereflatooculo lapientisfimce fimul<br />
acpiifIimceHildegardis,PhilippumFlandria:Comitemmonentis, diftum obferva : Attende^<br />
utpuro ocfiiojHjlitU tn Deum-) velHiacjuila<strong>in</strong> Solem ajpicias, Et m ahsque proprietate judicia tuajujls<br />
J<strong>in</strong>t. Optandumeft,utJovis f<strong>in</strong>comnia plena; cocfulni<strong>in</strong>um, quoc regnorum adm<strong>in</strong>iftri,5c<br />
Val.Max'^'Ci <strong>in</strong>cimos, & <strong>in</strong> exceros animadvercences, Qualem Junium Brucum fuiffelegimuSjquiduos<br />
1.12. ado!efcencesfiliosprodicionisconvi£tosvrrgiscjefosfecurifubjecic. Bonis nocet,ijuiparcit ma.<br />
Se».L.del't- NeroniSenecadixic. DitSiracionemreddidic, &: Legem explicuic : lnv<strong>in</strong>dicandis<strong>in</strong>jurih<br />
Clement, LexeTl-,uth£C tria Pr<strong>in</strong>ceps coKjideret,aututeum , ijuem punit-, emendet : aut utpoenaejus coeteros meliorts<br />
reddat : aut ut fithlatis malis casteriJecuriores vivant. Vecus eft de Csfare Augufto , quod filiam Sc<br />
i^wr.Cffj-.neptetnobpudiciciam proftitutam<strong>in</strong>lnfialamrelegarit. Recentius eft, Vandalorum <strong>in</strong>tegerrimusRexCanutus<strong>in</strong>dift<strong>in</strong>dd<br />
fuppliciaexegit: nonatBnicas ,nonnecelIicas, nonamici- ,<br />
tiadeli£topacroc<strong>in</strong>abacur: Deprebenfi<strong>in</strong>Mercialacroc<strong>in</strong>ances, dum ad fupplicium duce-<br />
Lih. i. rencur,^gregedamnacorumquidamjurecon(angu<strong>in</strong>icacis impunicacem praecendic; Cognato<br />
H^adal, ergo meo, VQpoaitR.GX', -ut honoratioreiocojittaltiorem irucem parate. Bonvrumjalutem cujiodit , cjui<br />
C i-?. malosfunit^<br />
QU^STIO VI.<br />
Qualesnam J<strong>in</strong>t e^eCJtiS Fulm<strong>in</strong>um.<br />
UTcxvariisfalis,nicri,bitum<strong>in</strong>is,alum<strong>in</strong>is,ca!chanti,fulphuris, aliisque (piritibus fulmen<br />
coalefcit , ita diverfiflimos &: admirandos parit efFedtus, qui pallim ab Authoribus<br />
copiosd adducuncur. Horum racionem & caufam reddere proprium Philofophi eft.<br />
QLua vero longum nimisforetf<strong>in</strong>gulosenumerarcprsecipuis<strong>in</strong> prcefenci&fubfequen-<br />
ti quxftione felcflis,eorum caufam brevicer adferemus. Sit igitur<br />
Conclufioprima. Fulmenord<strong>in</strong>arie<strong>in</strong>resduras, &magisrefi(tentes pliis ftevit, mollibus<strong>in</strong>tadtis<br />
; ita haft:eferrum liquat ligno falvo ; aurum &: argentum <strong>in</strong> c<strong>in</strong>eres reducit<br />
raarfupio <strong>in</strong>violato ; ferrum <strong>in</strong>travag<strong>in</strong>am abfumit vag<strong>in</strong>a illxsa, <strong>in</strong>tegru carne , & nulli<br />
<strong>in</strong>terdumapparentenotaofTacomm<strong>in</strong>uit ; dolio fra£to illxfiim rel<strong>in</strong>quic v<strong>in</strong>um , confumit<br />
vefles falvo corpore, pedem comm<strong>in</strong>uit <strong>in</strong>cafto calceo. Cujus rei caufa eft , ut advertic<br />
Arift. 1. %. c. I. & poft eum aiii, quia <strong>in</strong> iis , quoe ignis trajedui refiflunt , neceffario aliquam moram<br />
facic, & vim fuam exercec, <strong>in</strong> iis vero, qux mollia lijnc, & non refiftunc, nullo modo hsrett<br />
fedfubicof<strong>in</strong>eapplicationevirtucis fucc,&confequencerf<strong>in</strong>eljEfione, <strong>per</strong>porqs &occulcafo-<br />
ram<strong>in</strong>acelerrimS<strong>per</strong>cranfic. ExquibuspacececiamfulmcnnonefTeiapidem, fed ignem, ut<br />
fupradiximus. Confirmaripoteftanalogia,ficaquafoitisarrodit&confumit metalla, noii<br />
ceram,autlignum. Qi^odveronecv<strong>in</strong>umdiffluatfiaftodolio, itautrigorilletriduo duret,<br />
caufamitaexplicantConimbricenfes: calorpoteflliquoresaddenfare, fi ii ficcam txhalationem<br />
admixtam cont<strong>in</strong>eant, hac enim rationegignitur fal,nitrum, fulphur, Saccharum, aliaque<br />
id genus. Igitur ciim fulmen v<strong>in</strong>um calidis exhalationibus & vifcoficacibus eonf<strong>per</strong>fum att<strong>in</strong>git,necid<br />
obIiquoriscopiamaliamvec3ufampenetrat,extimasilliuspartes circumquaquc<br />
addenfat, &durat, quibustotumv<strong>in</strong>umquafi corio<strong>in</strong>clufum det<strong>in</strong>etureomodo,quoaqua,<br />
ciim exterius gelafcit, <strong>per</strong> (e tota confiftit, nec diffluit. Declarat hoc Albertus M. <strong>in</strong> traft. de<br />
tonitruc.a2. ex<strong>per</strong>imento;namfi pfillium(herbaefl,quamvulgus nofter pulicarem, Germani<br />
5l^cb«2ir4llt / vocant) v<strong>in</strong>o admifceatur, replet ipfum humore quodam vifcofb , quem<br />
v<strong>in</strong>um <strong>in</strong>fitocaloread extremitatesdifFunditf; ficque obducitur v<strong>in</strong>um quadam veluti crufta,qua<strong>per</strong>aliquotdiescohibetur,necdilabitur<br />
etiam fradovafe. Eadem porro vis, qux<br />
v<strong>in</strong>i partes exteriores <strong>in</strong>durat , totum etiam v<strong>in</strong>um ad centrum usque congelat. Nequc hoc<br />
mirum , cum etiam modicum coaguli calore fuo totum lac j cui <strong>in</strong>jicitur , coagulet. Ex his<br />
rationem reddes fequentium eventuum,<br />
Teftatur Muretus<strong>in</strong>notis ad Senecam, fulmen <strong>in</strong> palatium Hyppoliti Card<strong>in</strong>alisPerra-<br />
rienfis
Philofophico-Politica. 49<br />
lienfis dccidifTc ,
50<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
beacur,afflatusfulmInisnontantiimlethiferexiftit, ut facile vitalem calorem fuffbcet, fed<br />
et:iamobcaioremcalidi(TTmum,tenui{nmefefe<strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>uantcm,quandoqueaccidit, utmomento<br />
hLimoremquafiexfugat, &: humida corpora afflata <strong>in</strong> aridaconvertat. Exemplum mirum<br />
adducit Cardanus 1. g.variet. c.43, Referunt, <strong>in</strong>quit, <strong>in</strong> Lemno Infula, ubi <strong>in</strong>fulce cornu<br />
dividitur,ocl:omeflbresfub quercu ccenantes a fulm<strong>in</strong>e <strong>per</strong>culfos, atque exam<strong>in</strong>atos manfiflefubcalpecie,<br />
quadifcubuerant, utunuscomedereviderecur , alterori poculum manu<br />
ad!novere,alius bibere j ciimque nigri omnes elfentjimag<strong>in</strong>em flatuarum totidem repriefen-<br />
tabant.<br />
Similequidcontigiti54(3. Mechl<strong>in</strong>x, ubitempeftas fulm<strong>in</strong>isi£tibus & afflatibushorren-<br />
das edidit ftrages, <strong>in</strong>cer eas autem memoratur, congerrones aliquot potantes ad tabernam cereviliariam(ediiTe,temporisqueterendicausaehartis<br />
luforiiscertairej hotpitam autem, cum<br />
adpromendamcereviliam<strong>in</strong> fubterraneam iviffet cellam,redeuntembibones admenfam, uc<br />
cosreliquerat, lcdencesomnes,fedexanimatosac mortuos re<strong>per</strong>iflTe.<br />
Conclulioquarca. Fuhnentadbahom<strong>in</strong>um corpora<strong>in</strong>cerdum redigit <strong>in</strong> c<strong>in</strong>erem , &: <strong>in</strong><br />
idlu quali oculi ablumit. patec exemplo, quod Wolffgangus Meurerus <strong>in</strong> Comment.Meteorol.<br />
apud Senncrtum <strong>in</strong> Epitome fcient. Natur. 1. 4. c. 2. refbt , nimirum m<strong>in</strong>idrum quendam<br />
icafubitoereptumexhom<strong>in</strong>umoculis iftu tiilm<strong>in</strong>is <strong>in</strong>via, quaLipfia iturTorgam, ucpofteanunquamapparueric.<br />
Caufautique fuit, quod totus, quantus fuit, carnes,ofla, veftes<br />
iplx<strong>in</strong>c<strong>in</strong>eres&ventosabierunt; namfieri pofTe, utfulm<strong>in</strong>is efficaciaanonfolumcombu-<br />
rantur, fedftatim calc<strong>in</strong>entur, 6c <strong>in</strong> c<strong>in</strong>erem redigantur corporaaliqua accenfb fpiritu tolaui<br />
humidicatem momento quafi abfumence, dubium effe non poceft. Redafto autem corpore<strong>in</strong>c<strong>in</strong>eres,hivelab<br />
ipfoimpetufulm<strong>in</strong>is,qui aererarapidiilimSfecumtrahit, vel a fubfequenceventodif<strong>per</strong>guntur<strong>in</strong><br />
auras.<br />
Hoceciam tbrtallismodourbisRomanae Conditor Romulus d vivis fublatus eft , qui,<br />
utLivius&ali<strong>in</strong>arrant, ciamadexercitumrecenfendumconcionem<strong>in</strong> campo ad caprae paludem<br />
haberet, fubitocoortatempeftascummagnofiragore, tonitribiisque tam denfo Regemo<strong>per</strong>uitnimboiutconfpedumejusconcioniabftulerit<br />
; nec de<strong>in</strong>de<strong>in</strong>terrisRomulusvifLisfLiic,credicumque<strong>in</strong>caelum(ublacum,quem<br />
fulmenauc turbo dillTpaverac.<br />
Quseresprimo: Curfiepefulm<strong>in</strong>eusignis tantum allambat , nec quidquamnocumenti<br />
adferati Refpondeojhocvel cbnt<strong>in</strong>gereobdebilitatemtiammai, ut diximus, dumnimium<br />
divaricatur, &irvpartesdividitur; velquia<strong>in</strong>taliacorpora<strong>in</strong>cidit, qus qualitatibustuiscon-<br />
trariis ignis reprimunt aftivitatem. Qucedam enim natura fiia contra ignem fe tuencur,uc asbeftus,qui<strong>in</strong>tel3mdu£tus,<br />
fi forte ufu Ibrdescontraliat, igne purgatur. Sic etiamfiaquam<br />
fabarumcalidamcalciditrolutsemifcueris,&malvavifci , atquemagranculi aliquid addideris,<br />
iftaquematsaimbueris, acreficcarismanum, ignem traftalais <strong>in</strong>nocu(^. Similiarteutuntur<br />
empirici, dumpublico<strong>in</strong>theatroad populi circumfufiadmirationem plumbo & piceliquata<br />
manuslavanc.<br />
QiKeresSecundo: Cur<strong>in</strong>unafylvaarborescertEelaeduntur aliis <strong>in</strong>ta£tisy ubi Helmont.<br />
refert na£tvMeceoi-olog. Anomal. num. 20. vidifTe fe unico fragoris fono fepKEfente aliquot<br />
myrladesquercuum,
" Philofophico-Poiitica. ^<br />
ccnfirpirituoramrubtilitatem, quas<strong>per</strong> nares , os, &hiantes poros vitalia vencno occupac<br />
velquiarepenc<strong>in</strong>oaurxatflatulutFocat. Hucrevocandumeftiliud, quodP.Schottus Pliyli<br />
cur.l.ii. c, ig-i)-?. narracevenideMxnis<strong>in</strong>Sicilia, ubi t^hilolbphiam profefTus dilcipulo liio;<br />
Scdeb.u, <strong>in</strong>quic, is cumaliis muitis priB tbribus templii<strong>in</strong>montis, cuiimpolicaelturbs, lli-<br />
tonitrua im-<br />
<strong>per</strong>cilio, (pedabicqueflimanccmiEtnam, &crebra t nubibus tiilm<strong>in</strong>a •, atque<br />
pluviocoelo; cijmeccerulmen<strong>in</strong>currimprimo, acde<strong>in</strong>de ante fores templi defcendit , «Sc<br />
<strong>in</strong>curriquidcmduospueros colludentesconfeftimexanim.at ; fedentesverbpra:lbribus disjicit;<br />
curruntomnesadtemplumDciauxiliumimploraturi ; Difcipulus autem arrepto ambabusmanibuscapiteproprio,lymphato<br />
limilisdilcurrit <strong>per</strong> templum , & voce lamentabili<br />
caputlibircddipeciccapucle<strong>per</strong>didifTeidentidemclamitans. Accurruntcxteri, confolan-<br />
tur, reticiunt, domumdeducuncmecumdepelluntomnem ,&:mentireftitutum reliquunt,<br />
Redit isdiepolteraac fequenci eciam Ixtus ad lediones, at die terti.l 6x improvifoext<strong>in</strong>gui-<br />
tur. Dealiovero ibidem narrat, eum idu fulm<strong>in</strong>is <strong>per</strong> aliquot .<strong>in</strong>nos demencacum fuilfe»<br />
qui tamen de<strong>in</strong>dc ex <strong>in</strong>cegro vaiecud<strong>in</strong>i tiaic refticucus. Caula horum evencuum haud dubid<br />
fuicvenenofaexh.-»latiofulm<strong>in</strong>is, quatem<strong>per</strong>amentum ccrebri turbatum,
7j,f,7<br />
t2A»»al<br />
52<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Et duricedmtt,fcopiilofa Cermmiay montes<br />
Et cedit molUs , quijluit amne , liquor,<br />
Cedit utrumque Jovi^<br />
Terri mariL]ue a Romanis quasfitusMithridatcs omnes <strong>per</strong>fregitdifficultates; & cummariaemenfusefletPerfarum<br />
moderatorXerxeSjipfasetiampetrasfcidit aceto. Itaregiusani-<br />
/ musnecobjedtismolliumaifultibus illiciorum , nec feneorum terriculamentorum umbris<br />
expugnatur. B<strong>in</strong>ishoftibusexpofitumopponaspedus; &: Marti, qui a<strong>per</strong>ta tefironte op-<br />
'pugnat, &:facileauditur, quia ferreus eft, & Veneri , uuie ex aqua nafcitur, & tedlis armistant6graviusferit,quantomoIIius<br />
<strong>in</strong>tiuit. Contra akeram duram mach<strong>in</strong>am te cupio<br />
Conftantium,contraalterammollem&fortemteoptoConftant<strong>in</strong>um. Eftoex utroquc Cx-<br />
far.<br />
QUyESTlO VII.<br />
Qu£ res 'vel afutm<strong>in</strong>e immunes , 'vel magis obnoxi
Philofophico-Polidca.<br />
^^<br />
ipfx columnx marmorea; fub<strong>in</strong>de igne hoc profternantur. Addit Schottus,quod Lauri plerumque<strong>in</strong>trutices,raro<strong>in</strong><br />
magnos, acterreurestruncosexcrefcant. Teft.itur&: VicomercatusComment.adcap.ic.l.;.<br />
Meteororum Arift. paucosantc annos (fcriplit iLib <strong>in</strong>itium<br />
pricedentis (iculi) laurum dc coclo taclam tulm<strong>in</strong>e. Et fortaire millies alias hoc contigit, nec<br />
tamenautabhom<strong>in</strong>ibusanimadverfum , aut a Scriptoribusmonumentislibrorumcommil'<br />
fum. Nctamenomnemantiquitati fidemderog8mus,fit<br />
Conclulionoftra: LicetLauruslapfum toto impctu Scoelo<strong>in</strong>fe fulmcnhaudaverterc<br />
poftit, probabiletamencft, peftiteras ignis fulm<strong>in</strong>ei exhalationes a (e arcere pofle. Ratio<br />
eft,quiamuItnrumAuctcrumfententiacft,laurum,pr:E(crtimvirentem,copiofa&:vchemen-<br />
tiatpirituum erfluviaafedirfundere, quxpeftiferas &;concagio(asexhalationes > aerem <strong>in</strong>rtci-<br />
entcs,3bigunr. Obquamcaufam lauri ramos antiquitas aftigebat domorumtbribus. Ip(c<br />
etiamlm<strong>per</strong>atorCommodus, Herodianoteite, contagionistempore <strong>in</strong> laurea vireta Medicorum<br />
condlio (eceftlt. Quemadmodum igirur Laur<strong>in</strong>i (piritus pcftilcntes arcent halitus,ita<br />
fieripoterit,ut(!«: venenatosfulm<strong>in</strong>isodorcsaferepellanc. Etob hoc fors> tradente Colu<strong>in</strong>eUa,gall<strong>in</strong>xcubantiIaureiramuli(bbjiciuntur,utfulphureosfulm<strong>in</strong>is<br />
halitus, ne ova <strong>in</strong>fi-<br />
ciant,avertant. lideratScv<strong>in</strong>orum valis, ne tonitru corium<strong>per</strong>entur, imponebantur anti-<br />
quitiis.<br />
QucEres (ecundo: Quidfentiendumdeviculomar<strong>in</strong>o, uti&ficu? Rcfpondet Plutarch.<br />
I.f.convival. Quxft.quaj(t.9.credunturarboresejusmodifulm<strong>in</strong>e non ::ftl.ui , uti neque vitulimar<strong>in</strong>ivelhvxnxcorium.<br />
H<strong>in</strong>ctcncorialm<strong>per</strong>atorume.vpellibusvitulimar<strong>in</strong>i tieri (b-<br />
lebant. EtlcribitSuetonius, AuguftummultumadeoexpaviiTetulm<strong>in</strong>a tSc tonitrua, ut easdemfc<strong>in</strong><strong>per</strong>fecumcircumfcnet.<br />
Huncasmulatuslm<strong>per</strong>ator Scverus ex eadem <strong>in</strong>aterialeciicamfuamiiifterniprxccpit.<br />
Caufamvero, quo.idvitulimav<strong>in</strong>i pdlem fomniabant porontatcm<br />
ejus cfCc-, quarfacilcillis.\ cute fulmen transmittit. Qu6dver6,ficus de ccelo noa<br />
tangatur, exiftimatCaeliusRhodig<strong>in</strong>us 1. ij?. Antiquit. c. 9. amaritud<strong>in</strong>i ejus atnibuendum.<br />
Verum has rationes ncmo non videt efte futilcs.Xa<strong>in</strong> ex prima deducitur , nec vitulum ipfiim,<br />
neciilum,quiejusexuviistegitur,afulrewneimmuneselfe, pcnetiabit cnim ad <strong>in</strong>teriora exhalatiofulm<strong>in</strong>ca,<br />
iSirrccondita fub pelle <strong>per</strong>imet. £x fecunda pariterfequitur multas alias<br />
herbas&tiruticespotiorijuredebcre immunescircabignetulm<strong>in</strong>aute, utpoce ricu longe amariores.<br />
Undcconclufio noftraeft,tabularum lyllaboutrumque<strong>in</strong>ferendumefre.<br />
ColligetamcnexPancSchotto, taraam hanc&op<strong>in</strong>ionem de vitulo mar<strong>in</strong>o <strong>in</strong>deortam,<br />
quodtantamiscum mari habeat fympachiim, utpilietiamexcoriatianimalis, fi mare<br />
turbatum<strong>in</strong>fiuctusllirgit, erigantur ; (idclidic, flernanCur : ex quo fadum , uc cx horum<br />
pilorummucacione,atrismutaciocolligereturtammari, quam cerra. Lltigitur mucationem<br />
acriscognofccrent, &<strong>in</strong>ftante<strong>in</strong>tempe(latem tiigerent, quibus modis poffcnt ,<br />
tum mari,<br />
tumterra ; (bleb.mr nautce <strong>in</strong> navibus, alii domi,
54<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
mulcibus excitato, fnquieta funt , fulm<strong>in</strong>is ittui efTe magis obnoxia , hoc enim volatile motum<br />
omnem fequitur.<br />
QuJEiesqu<strong>in</strong>to : Quxlocafulm<strong>in</strong>imagisexpofita: Refpondeo,expeiientidcomproba-<br />
tumeflcjfulm<strong>in</strong>aeditioialocafirequentii^is<strong>in</strong>teftare. H<strong>in</strong>cmontes{aepius,quamvalles ignibus<br />
coeleftibusafflantur. Dc arboribus canic Claudianus<br />
hictibuit mmquam cceleflisjiamma falicfisy<br />
Necparvifruticesiram metiiere Tonantis.<br />
Ingentes quercus , amiojasfuhn<strong>in</strong>at ornos.<br />
Pariter<strong>in</strong>urbibus templorumturresfepiiisful<strong>in</strong>en ferire (blet. Exemplum eft Cathedralis<br />
Ecclefice turrisArgent<strong>in</strong>ceAlfaticasurbe, f^^. pedibus geometricis pi-stalta, vix annus<br />
fere elabitur, quo non fub<strong>in</strong>de fulm<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong>feftetur. Caulam plerique allignant motum obli-<br />
Philofophico-Politica. 55<br />
quia tamenvis hcec foni valde exiguam & vix fenfibilem <strong>in</strong> vic<strong>in</strong>as nubes impreflionem facic,<br />
CLim potiflimum adlateia& nonlijrfum propagetur, plus virium campanisa benedidione,<br />
ac Ecclcfixprecibus , quam rationi phyfics <strong>in</strong>effe deducitur. Qupd majorijureetiam de herbis&candelis,celebrioribusfe(tisluilraliaquaexpiatis,utbeneobfervatJonllonius<br />
<strong>in</strong> Thaumatographianaturalii<strong>in</strong>telligendumeft.<br />
Delapide verofubceais afTcrvatoadarcendafulm<strong>in</strong>a<br />
, omn<strong>in</strong>o fu<strong>per</strong>fticio eft.<br />
ColligesSexto : Flammam fulm<strong>in</strong>isaquxrefiftere ,utfeabhac ext<strong>in</strong>gui haud patiatur,<br />
ob vaporum vifcofitatem nimirum, hrmamque cohxrentiam, quse aquam penetrare nnn f<strong>in</strong>ic.<br />
Accedic, quod aqua pnE caloris vehemencia <strong>in</strong>vaporem diftblvacur. Lac magis idoneum<br />
eft,quiavifcofitaceuacivafereiaccenfa:affigic,acporos claudendoignemfufFocac Acecum<br />
^<br />
ver6omniummaximeadreprimend3mfulm<strong>in</strong>isflammamconducit,acrequippecumfiC,fub-<br />
AP?ENDIX.<br />
rilicacefuareiignicxporis promptius fe <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>uat,<br />
I<br />
Gnem aqua <strong>in</strong>exc<strong>in</strong>guibilem elficeredoccc Albeitus M. <strong>in</strong> hsrc verba: olei bcnedidi lib.T,<br />
oleil<strong>in</strong>iiib.j.oleide vicellis ovorumlib.i.exquibus fiac mixcura.<br />
CONCLUSIO PRACTICA.<br />
Quanto altius ftas , tanto <strong>per</strong>iculofius.<br />
S.,^1-<br />
SlImmacaduntfubico,FlaviiArcadii ufitatum Lcmma erat. Non humiles myricJt, vel<br />
pau<strong>per</strong>umtabcrnaE,(cdfaftigiatae turriummoles, vcrticatatad usquenubium regionem<br />
Cedri, montiuraqueaccoloflbrumapiccsfuntfulm<strong>in</strong>ummeu fcopiisque.
56<br />
Et celfe graviore cafii ><br />
Meceorologia<br />
Decidunt tiirres, ferihitquefummos<br />
Fulm<strong>in</strong>amontes. Horat.<br />
Fulmenreapfeexpiimit, quodjEfopus refpondit, <strong>in</strong>terrogatus , quid faceretJupiterPfiDio-<br />
P/og. L^- geni, ait, credimus : Exceljahumiliat. Inlcribat libi potentillimi nom<strong>in</strong>isargumentum Darius<br />
fr/./. «.«(fPerfarumRex: RexReqamtDeorftmCenfangmneHs. abeodem, quem famulum fuum <strong>in</strong>digita-<br />
vit. Phi- bat, Alexandro M. vita & regnoprivatus eft. Congerataltisfimorum nom<strong>in</strong>um fpeciofade-<br />
lofiph. /«coraSaporitidemPerlarumRex : Rex Regu»tSapor.,particeps^derum-,fr/i!erSolis &Lunit'., aviliC'<br />
Chilone. iimis pulicum&mufcarumagm<strong>in</strong>ibus, dumcivitatemMygdoniam jampropdviftorappete-<br />
^X«r/./.ret,numerofilTimus ejusexercitusprofligatuseft,abjedamu(carumcopiaelephantoseqU'C)S-<br />
2- que concitante,utipfef:iftuofilIimusMonarchaturpi fuga dilapfus Perlidem repetierit.<br />
Cal. Rho-<br />
dig.l.s.c.<br />
*<br />
Quidquid <strong>in</strong> dtnmfortuna tulit , ruitura levat.<br />
j^ M.Antonio,oi:julioCiEfare,<strong>in</strong>Pompejo Sc Belifario, Domitiano&TiberioAugu-<br />
Senccam -^r-^^^^^^^^ CieorchusPonticusHeracieotarumTyrannus veftesDeorum <strong>in</strong>dutus, altiore<br />
'^^'"*<br />
• ftoquidorbis vidit : Plus hahent penderis ad ru<strong>in</strong>am , qu£ a^teris (unt altiora. Lad^ant. Fulmen<br />
peomate locatus ,.iilium fuum Ceravnon, id eft,fulmen vocavit j fibi Div<strong>in</strong>os honores expe-<br />
ttns. Veriim :<br />
' Mannarevenie rmntifummM caduntfitbito, Qaudi.<br />
AChyone,Platonis<strong>per</strong>familiari,veIutfulm<strong>in</strong>e improvifbobrutus, funus fuit. Hom<strong>in</strong>umRedor,CaputqueRexeft,<br />
tanto Deovic<strong>in</strong>ior,quantoaltioregradulocatus, venerandusfibi,fufpiciendusomnibus,collegafortun£e,fpiransdiv<strong>in</strong>itatem<br />
ftatua, vitalisReipubli-<br />
cse fpiritus, exprefliftimumNum<strong>in</strong>is fimulacrum, excubitor hom<strong>in</strong>um,Pro-Deus & Vicarius<br />
Sceptri Div<strong>in</strong>ioris. At fi vel uno gradu altiiis contendit, tanto ruit faciliiis , quanto div<strong>in</strong>itali<br />
aftlftit proximiiis. Nam c^uemadmodumfdmen emiaentia ^uavis, & celfijfimadejiutiparcit autem<br />
arbuUis'.fic Deus Ju<strong>per</strong>bos ubi^ue proflernit-, amathumiles. Erat cognomento Audax Burgundio-<br />
numDux<br />
Caro]us,cujusvoxaltiiIimorumfpirituumtumida,quadicebat, unum fe tuturum<br />
Pr<strong>in</strong>cipem,quiabOceanoBritannico ad fu<strong>per</strong>um atque <strong>in</strong>ferum mare produdtis Im<strong>per</strong>ii f<strong>in</strong>ibus,ChriftianamRempublicam<br />
aTurcarum tyrannide, exercitibus<strong>in</strong> Graeciam&Macedoniamtransportatis,<br />
v<strong>in</strong>dicaret ; at: Sequitur (it<strong>per</strong>bosultoratergoDeus. Sen.apudNancceam,<br />
caputurbium Lothar<strong>in</strong>gix miferd trucidatus, docuit Corn. Taciti veriflimum effe aphoris-<br />
Sen.<strong>in</strong><br />
Herc. mum: Brevibui momeHtis fumma vtrti fojfunt.<br />
*<br />
-^av^ ^v^ •^2:i«?' -^s^ '^^^ ''mm- •''m^w-"¥m^-<br />
DISSERTATIO IV.<br />
DeCometis.<br />
PRimarium locum <strong>in</strong>teromnesimpreflionesigneasfibi meritb vendicatcometes,queracGelumrarbterris<br />
oftendit,niriuteasildgel!et, fem<strong>per</strong><strong>per</strong>eum<br />
nuntians&. <strong>in</strong>ferens mala,canentevate : nunquam cceloffedatum impunecome- ,<br />
tem: caudaeividelicet proflagelloefl:,comaprotelis, fulgorm<strong>in</strong>ax figura, ca-<br />
lor kamm<strong>in</strong>eusirsnuntius &v<strong>in</strong>di(ft2e.<br />
.<br />
i<br />
Undeomnium <strong>in</strong> fe oculos conver-<br />
tit,ac nemononfcire,quidfit,defiderat.Etut nilSenecalib.7. Natur.qusit.c.i.<br />
aliorum oblitus cle adventitio quxrit , ignarus utrum <strong>in</strong>irari debeat an itmere. Pauca<br />
dehoctradidereveteresPhilofophi; Recentiorum verb <strong>in</strong> hoc expUcando<br />
multacura& proUxum ftudium eft. Fatetur tamen candide Pater nofter Riccio-<br />
lus Almag.1.8. fec.i.c.13. Cometa eft,<strong>in</strong>quit : fplendidum^nigma a Deopropojjtumy<br />
nunquam ab humanis <strong>in</strong>geniis folvendum : Ne tamenomnisdecometaejiisque<br />
materia& natura tollatur quasftiOjbreviter probabiliorem Aftronomorum op<strong>in</strong>ionem<br />
<strong>per</strong> quieftiones fequentes exponemus; quarelit
Philofophico-Politica, 57<br />
QUyESTIOI.<br />
Dc Cometis <strong>in</strong>genere , eorunjqHe divifione , ac locogenf"<br />
rationis,<br />
^OnclLifioPrima. Cometavulgoa comis nomcnclaturamtrahere folet , quod<br />
(itilelIacomata,fivecr<strong>in</strong>itacomarum <strong>in</strong>ftar lucem difFundens. Hxc tamen<br />
det<strong>in</strong>itio<strong>in</strong> genere <strong>in</strong> ampiiori fignificatione accipienda eft, ne unam folum<br />
Phanomenis cocleftis (peciem fignihcet , nempe ftcllam comatam feu cr<strong>in</strong>itam,&:nonetiamaliasrpcciescompledatur.<br />
UndeaHi ficeum defcribunt: Cometa<br />
eft Phasnomenon <strong>per</strong>petuum, <strong>in</strong> coelo appareas fub<strong>in</strong>de caudatum, vel<br />
cr<strong>in</strong>itum , aut barbatum. Ex quo deducitur<br />
ConclufioSecunda: CometajuxtadiverfiimfigurK habitud<strong>in</strong>em bene dividitur<strong>in</strong> cr<strong>in</strong>itum,barbatum,&caudatum.Sienimradios<strong>in</strong>orbemcircumquaqueprojedoshabetjdicicurcomatusvclcr<strong>in</strong>itus;<br />
li<strong>in</strong>unamtantumparcem diftl<strong>in</strong>dat, itique procul, caudatus ; fi<br />
modicotantiamrpatio, barbatusvocariconfijcvit. Alii novem cometarum (pecies tradunt.<br />
Albertus M. 1. 1. tr. 3. cap. 10. qu<strong>in</strong>que numerat ; Pl<strong>in</strong>ius demum 1. 2. c. z
58<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Conclufio quarca. Non negandum tamen eft , Meteora quKdam cometis fimilia, & cometasm<strong>in</strong>usproprie<br />
diaosapparerepofTe <strong>in</strong> aiire. Ratio eft, primo, quia nulla eft repugnantia,<br />
qu<strong>in</strong>exhalatioterreftris tanta <strong>in</strong> altum arcendere poilic, ibique accendi, lucere ,<br />
&:circumagi, maximecumord<strong>in</strong>aridtemporecomefcef<strong>in</strong>t magni ventorumflatus&magna<br />
ficcitas, <strong>in</strong>gens itemlbletquandoquecomicarimortalitas, quteomnia<strong>in</strong>dicant magnam exhalationum<br />
exiftere copiam. Et fane cum alia pleraque meteora figuras referant draconis<br />
volantis^raltirjtiscaprEe, aliaquehujusmodi,nonvidetur dubicandum , qu<strong>in</strong> figuram etiam<br />
imitari pofl<strong>in</strong>t cometarum.<br />
Secundoreipfa nonnullialiquandovififuntcometarfer^immobiles ; qualis illefuitcometes<br />
gladiatus , quemJofephusafTerit, diu vifumimm<strong>in</strong>entem Jerofolymx ante illius ex-<br />
Cidium. ItaetiamnarratSozomenus,cometamConftant<strong>in</strong>opoliusquead terrampependif-<br />
fe. RefertPI<strong>in</strong>iusl.2, c.^j". vifam a Lic<strong>in</strong>io Syllano fc<strong>in</strong>tillam e ftella cadentem , crevifie<br />
paulatim <strong>in</strong> Lun^ amplitud<strong>in</strong>em , & faftum elfe comecam lampadium. Pariter anno 1470.<br />
cometa quaf<strong>in</strong>ubeslongifllmiscapiliistotumdecurrereZodiacum vifus eft idibus Januarii,<br />
iitteftaturBod<strong>in</strong>us.<br />
£x diftis colliges primo,pracedentem doar<strong>in</strong>am Concl ufionis tertice procedere omn<strong>in</strong>o<br />
(leomnibuscometisord<strong>in</strong>ariis,univer(alibusacpropriedictis, qu<strong>in</strong>imirum fpatio 24, horarumcircuitionem<br />
circaterramfimulcum aftris ablblvunt,<br />
Colligesfecundo: LicetlocusverorumCometarumficipfumcoelum; neque tamen<strong>in</strong><br />
feodemomnesfuntparcecoeli. Sicafl^ericde ChalesAftvonom. 1. 8. prob. 3. Piiyfic. multos<br />
cometas prope Solem <strong>in</strong>ci<strong>per</strong>e, Sc ihh radiis ejus latere, ancequi<strong>in</strong>i appareant ; mulcos quoque<br />
•cometasnunquamaSoledigredi, acqueica Soleeciipf<strong>in</strong>patience fxpe vifum efie cometara,<br />
quifubejusradiis tegebatur. Albumazarvero cbmetam anni 844. coUocat<strong>in</strong>cer Mercurium<br />
& Venerem ; Tycho comecam anm i^^j". <strong>in</strong>ter Venercm & Marcem reponic RurfijsTycho<br />
&Mceftl<strong>in</strong>uscomecamanniic84,<strong>in</strong>craMarcemcSf Jovem. Cylacus coaietam anni 1618. <strong>in</strong>terMartem&Venerem.<br />
Vifusannoi68c.& 16S1. fuic ex communi oblervationeextraZo-<br />
1 ConclulioSecunda:<br />
oui m<strong>in</strong>as fovmidandas , at moderata fupplicia <strong>in</strong>fert.<br />
rum ;mcelignanus<br />
Philofophico-Poiitica. 59<br />
Loquatur Romanorum Philofopho- S.«.U<br />
pojfc ? M centra m«ximA ejf, ftvimfuitm conitnet. Agathias Hiftoricus de Narfete (uprcmo Impe- A
6o <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Piimo, quiaconjun£lioi<strong>in</strong>iusplanet£Ecumaliobrevitemporis<strong>in</strong>tervalloduiat, ut videreeft<br />
<strong>in</strong>novilunio,&:Soliseclipli; (edcometaraliquando rexmenfiumfpatioconlpiciuntur. Secundo:<br />
Quiacometaftatim<strong>in</strong>cipit<strong>in</strong>majoi-iquantitate, quamquiE a duobusvel tribusftel.<br />
lis conhcipoteft&ad eam devenit magnitud<strong>in</strong>em, quce non nili pluribus acpluribusftellis<br />
poihtcomponi; fed non eft credibile, tot occultas errare, & fefe oftendere ftellas» aliasfrequentiusfibioccurrcrent&rconjungerentur.<br />
Confirmatur , quia Attalo legnante efFulfit<br />
C0metatotumla6teumcirculumcompleaens,fedfiex planetis eoaluiffet, non omnes , qui<br />
€xiftunti (ufticerent, utpatet ; ergo. De<strong>in</strong>de obfervaretur earum fteilarum accefllis mutuus,<br />
ocreceffus.<br />
GonclufioTertia: Necfuntfidera,nonnataquidem de novo, fedtantumdenovo app3rentia,necaftraerr3ntia,quK<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>gentesEpicyclosvoIvantur,<br />
atqueitaexfummocoslo,<br />
ubi propter fl<strong>in</strong>imam diftantiam non poftl<strong>in</strong>t vidcri, defcendant <strong>in</strong>terdum & confpicua fiant<br />
neque f unt ftelLT caudata: ., ut fentit Cardanus, qus tamcn terris caudam fuam nou fem<strong>per</strong> obvertant,<br />
ut appareant caudatce. Ratio eft, quia <strong>in</strong>primis (<strong>in</strong>e fundamento f<strong>in</strong>guntur ignitx<br />
hujusmodi cifculares Orbitx. SeCundo , Ci defcenderent ex fublimioriloco cometae , ac li fiercnt<br />
confpicui, deberent <strong>in</strong>itio m<strong>in</strong>oresapparere, cum videlicet ex alto veniunt,fenfimqueaccedunt',hoctamenconftat<br />
efTefalfum.<br />
Conclufioquarta: Noneftftellaapparensdetedtismaculis &: quafi velamento materix<br />
ftriata:^ iliam .Inte contegentis,ut vult Cartefius ; quia <strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>dt} maculx illx , ex vorticibus Cartefianis<br />
erurnpentes,ftellas fixas quandoqueoCcultarent, quod nunquam fattum.<br />
Conclu(ioqu<strong>in</strong>ta : Nec materia eorum funthalitus p<strong>in</strong>gues 6c vilcofi exaqua&: terra<br />
'etlam fu<strong>per</strong>lunamelevati, Namliocprordis improbabilevidetur , quiatanta<strong>in</strong>terdum cometarumeftrftagnitudo,utterram<br />
milliesexcedant ; & aliqui obfervati funt durare <strong>per</strong> fex<br />
menles, alii<strong>per</strong>unum, alii^erduosannos; undeneceiTeeflet^utterratotafolveretur <strong>in</strong> halitus^exquibustanta&tamctaframolesconlicetetur.<br />
De<strong>in</strong>denonvidetur credibile, quod<br />
afcenderepofl<strong>in</strong>thalitusterreftres fuprajovem.<br />
Advertetamen conclufionem hancprocederede cometispropri^diftis
Philofophico -Politica.<br />
matmerisreeioncmevehens, tumSolmateriamcongregatam accendens. Sunt etiam<strong>in</strong>ter<br />
hos cometx , tellc P. Cabxo, qui folo afpeduSolis, aucalterius aftn iUummancur , nec ar-<br />
^"<br />
"Collices ter i 6 ex Hcvelio , unicum Solem quovis tempore tantum materix & exhalationumevomaepolle,<br />
utexillamaceriaunoanno cjecla,i;o.ampliustales comecx, quaisanno<br />
1664. luxic, proaenerari polT<strong>in</strong>c. Llnde quid de cxteris planetis dicendum fit judican.<br />
,<br />
dum rei<strong>in</strong>quic Pn^cerea non tancum non miraculum efle dicic , quod tot cometx uno Ixculoprodeanc,<br />
lcd podus, quodtampauci , cum SoItantammateriscopiamunoannopolUt<br />
eiicere. Pucacic.ique,mulcos cometasvelanobislongcremotos, vel parvos nobis elle 111con(picuos-,ide6<br />
ver6tamrar6apparere,qu6dcometx exdiverfis planetis proflucns niacena<br />
non lacile <strong>in</strong> unam mafTam coire polTTc , cum raro comcca ex unius planccx maccria nalcacur.<br />
Verum&aliigraves Auchorescenlencplurcscometasixpe<strong>in</strong>coeloexillercqLiamutomnes<br />
<strong>in</strong>obisconlpiciantur; imo <strong>in</strong> eclipfi Solistotalitalesprope Solcm obfervatos efre<br />
Colligcsquarto: Maculaslblares,cxquibusnon fiericometasdocuimus, nihil eHealibd,<br />
quam umbrx quxdam m<strong>in</strong>utx cum luce ad <strong>in</strong>ftar iiimorum , qui a fu<strong>per</strong>hcie Solis bulUcn-<br />
ris<strong>in</strong> xtheia ejiciuncur.<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
N OnadcoHaviiHcraclionx<br />
:o.<br />
Virtus opprcfla relurget.<br />
JT. iO<br />
Svmbolum tcnct: /V.»/
Enn,t.<br />
62 Mctcorologia<br />
quivigeiimafextaDecembrisanno 1680. tridia qutEqueacom<strong>in</strong>ofanunciavit. Ccmetaerat,<br />
quiltationem<strong>in</strong>itio<strong>in</strong> Ant<strong>in</strong>oi , alias Ganymedis ccde pofuit, fidere hoc<strong>in</strong>tegre occupato,<br />
Traducta <strong>per</strong> Ant<strong>in</strong>oi corpus fiderea virga conftellationem aquilx ita poHedit , ut collum ejus<br />
flammeoenfetecuerit, (tellailliccofuccntepenitLis obtedta. Eo tandem faculJt (e lixc ex-<br />
tendit, utDelph<strong>in</strong>idoriumradens adusque dexteram Cygni alam<strong>per</strong>tis^erit. CurlLim de<strong>in</strong>demutans,PegafoacAndromedximm<strong>in</strong>uit.<br />
FuilfeGanymedem fu<strong>per</strong> Afixpartcm Mo-<br />
SabelLl.s. narcham, acgrave<strong>in</strong>terregesbellum concitaffe, lcribit Sabellicus. Aquilam Romani <strong>in</strong>(i-<br />
gneIm<strong>per</strong>ii,L)elph<strong>in</strong>umtempeflatesportcndere,Cygnumfeu oloremcandidum colore,Facisnuntium,quisignoraty<br />
Hac(iderum conjunftione nemonon <strong>per</strong> flammantem coelil<strong>in</strong>guam<br />
graviflimam tempeftatem ab A(iatici Ganymedis gladio Romanx Aquilaedenunciatam<br />
<strong>in</strong>tei-pretabatur; eamnimirum, quaunivevfamHungariam ac Auftriam <strong>in</strong>undavit ; fixis ad<br />
ipdimRomanxAquilxnidumViennamhofliiibuscaflris & haclm<strong>per</strong>atoria (ede <strong>in</strong> dubiam<br />
aleamredada;maIopr<strong>in</strong>cipio Auftriam (unettatam, hodierni c<strong>in</strong>eresloquuntur , & tantum<br />
nonuniver(alemcatacly(mum(angu<strong>in</strong>eacometxcaudadenuncia(fe timebatur. VerLim fic<br />
htftitigladioexomnilateread u(que jtigulum petita Aquila|felici exitu coronavit pr<strong>in</strong>cipiummalum:<br />
quandovelutCygnusaquisablutusnonobrutus, Pacis candorem^armoriimque<br />
JLlia». filentiumcum Delph<strong>in</strong>oanno 1697. <strong>in</strong>iit: E(tautemCygnuspacisamicus,iElianotefte. Ot-<br />
/, /„ tomannumautemGanymedem,quivelutmar<strong>in</strong>abc]luaAuftriacamAndromedam unoriftu,<br />
hiatLiqueforbcreaflurrexit: nontantum Lothar<strong>in</strong>gici Perfei, advolantistjue Polonicxalbx<br />
aquilxauxilioexChriftianitatiscorde Vicnna avertit : fed & ipfum tanquam Prometheum<br />
v<strong>in</strong>culisligatumrepctitis vicloriis vtilncrat,recentiqueusque fermcad <strong>in</strong>ternecionem clade<br />
dieii.Sepcembr. 1697. fiuciavic. Inpiecatisarmis enche.itusPoliticus, licetfUnefto terreatur(idere,glorio(acamenlaurof<strong>in</strong>emcoronabit.<br />
Nam& (iderum Monarcha pr<strong>in</strong>cipio nubibLis<strong>in</strong>voTutus,moxerumpitilluftrior;<br />
&: faxjatSata clariLis rutilat, &; aurum <strong>in</strong> igne probatum<br />
purgatur , cSc navis agitata procellisaltiLisfurgit, velociuscurrit, ipfi turb<strong>in</strong>es flabra<br />
funt, quibus ultra Herculis cancellos poitatur. Et Auftriaca Poteftas tot probata cafibus, ve-<br />
xata<strong>in</strong>fidiis, jaftatafludlibus, felici exitu <strong>in</strong> utriusque &orientis&occidencis Im<strong>per</strong>ium glo-<br />
riofa <strong>in</strong>feret vexilla , ex utroqu e Ox. far,<br />
QUtESTIO III.<br />
'^lDe Figuraceufrima proprietate Cometarum,<br />
tl<strong>in</strong>quepotiflimum quafi proprietaces cometarum, de quibusquxftio<strong>in</strong>ftitui poteft,<br />
obfervantur. Primaeftfigura, prxfertimcaudaillam<strong>in</strong>ax, quxfiagelli<strong>in</strong>ftarmundofublunariexoritur.<br />
Secundaeftmagnitudo, tertiacolor,quartamotus,(S(:qu<strong>in</strong>.<br />
tademum duratio. De{>rimahicduntaxaterit(ermo,tametfijam fj<strong>per</strong>iiis <strong>in</strong>quxft,<br />
1. aliquid (it adum. Hanc fufius &: eleganter M. Manilius 1. 1, Aftron. hifce verfibus expo-<br />
fuic-;<br />
Diverfas qtioque <strong>per</strong> facies accenfa fermitur<br />
Lmvhia, quafuhitis exisiunt nata tenehris.<br />
Nam modo ceu longi fluitent de vertice, cr<strong>in</strong>es,<br />
Flamma comasimitatavolat, tenuisque capilhis<br />
Difufos radiis ardentihus explicat ignes.<br />
tiuncprior hecfpecies diverps cr<strong>in</strong>ibus exit^<br />
Etglobus ardentisfequiturfib imag<strong>in</strong>e barbte.<br />
Interdum aquali laterum compag<strong>in</strong>e duBus,<br />
Quadratamve trahem f<strong>in</strong>git ,<br />
terctemve columnam,<br />
Qmn etiam tumidis exaquat doliaflammis,<br />
Procero difleiita utero , parvbsque cnpillos<br />
Mentitur parvos ignis glo7neratus <strong>in</strong> orbes.<br />
Hirtaflguratur tremulo ftib Itim<strong>in</strong>e mejfls.<br />
Lampadias flfliis ramofosft<strong>in</strong>dit <strong>in</strong> ignes.<br />
Ita fulfit cometa facis ardentis<strong>in</strong>ftar anno Chrifti i. &: anno 68. vifus gladio flamrnivomo<br />
rimilis,imm<strong>in</strong>ensurbiHierofolymx. Annode<strong>in</strong>de72,iaculifimilitud<strong>in</strong>eapparuif,columnx<br />
yQto imae<strong>in</strong>emreferensortus eftanno^S^. fiiiiiliter & lancex figuramretulifli^notatus anno<br />
I
hilofopliico-PoIitica. 6^<br />
5-50. lnmodumm:ixlmoe trabis <strong>per</strong> 4. menfes vifus eft 1017. Mirabilis & f<strong>in</strong>gulnrisplatie ^idclxitur<br />
comet-i anno ii8c. nam fcrpentem hirlucum rcprxlcntans nunc progrcdiebatur*<br />
nunc<strong>in</strong>fpiras lecjlligebat; nunccumhorrore<strong>in</strong>tucntium, quali <strong>in</strong>tbiorcs ex altodevora-<br />
turuseircc, huniani fangu<strong>in</strong>is avidus vaftum riolum apcriebat. Anno ifii. illuxit cometa <strong>in</strong><br />
Lombardia<strong>in</strong>ftarigneipavonis,equo, ciim evanuiiret , tres lapides fulphurei deciderunt)<br />
quorum primus 160. alcer 60. tertius 20. libras pondererequavit. Anno if^i. cometa vi(u<br />
tcrribilisDraconistbrmam re(ercns,caudamqueprxlongarn igneam extendens die 2, Aug,<br />
conipectus ert. Hxc occalionc figurx divedx <strong>in</strong> cometis annotatx, eruditionis causa annedere<br />
placuit.<br />
Oblcrva tamen,dilferentiascometarumpotilIimumex foladirpofitionevisusnoftis<strong>in</strong>-<br />
procul nempii hujusmodi coi-poraaliteracaliter<strong>in</strong>oculos no-<br />
cerSolem & comctas oriri ,<br />
ftros<strong>in</strong>currunt. Ifndc bene ctiam Sencca 1. 7. c. 11. de cometis differens ait : Sivef<strong>in</strong>t aliqux<br />
diftcrcncix illorum , fivc iion (<strong>in</strong>t ; eadem fiant omnia ratione neccflc cft. Quod (i tamen<br />
comecx extraord<strong>in</strong>ari.! & <strong>in</strong>lblita apparuiite figuri, qualcs paulo antecnumerati cenfentur,abA!tronomisadnotentur,<br />
f<strong>in</strong>gularihaud dubiodiv<strong>in</strong>aord<strong>in</strong>atione ad erudiendasmor*<br />
taliummentes de lccuturis <strong>in</strong>fblitis l<strong>in</strong>iftrx aut prol<strong>per</strong>xforciseventibusita etHgiatos fliifre<br />
credi poceft.<br />
Dubitabisnihilom<strong>in</strong>us&:quxres,quomodocaput cometx conftitutumfity Rcfp. Sc fic<br />
Conclufioprima: Caputcometxtormatumexmatcriacoelcfti,benecompadaambitur<br />
3cc<strong>in</strong>gicurabcxhalationibusveIpartibusxthereis m<strong>in</strong>ijsdenfis cSc opacis. Rurdisiicctfitopacum<br />
ac lucem refledtat , habec tamen eciam aliquam diaphancitatcm, qua lucem tiansmittit,<br />
live conftac tcnuiori , &: dilutiori matcria porisque <strong>in</strong>tcrfita, ut radiis folaribus haud difKculter<br />
cr.Tn(icum conccdercpodlt. Non cftaccenlum, lcdduntaxat a Sole illum<strong>in</strong>atum. Ratio<br />
alTertiuIcimi, dcquomaximd concroverlia eft, cx co de(ijmicur: quia (i cometa ignis eftct,<br />
motus cjusnequaqua<strong>in</strong>cn"cpofretade6regularis,&:conl^ans , nequecaputferret, nequecomam<br />
projiceret , ucpote cemere propullus violenco adionis ignex impecu, neque durare tamdiupolTct.<br />
De<strong>in</strong>deignis<strong>per</strong>pcndicuIariterfurli.imtcndit,cometxver6 cauda deorlum aliv<br />
quando, (xpe oblique , 6c fem<strong>per</strong> recta ex adverfb Solis porrigitur. H<strong>in</strong>c fequicur<br />
Concluliofecunda: Caudacometxeftrarioradhucmateria, qudmilla,undecaputc0»<br />
metxconftac, fed cjusdem tamenrationis, Non veroeft.ib <strong>in</strong>tr<strong>in</strong>feco accenfa Sc fplendi-<br />
da, (ed opaca &: illum<strong>in</strong>ata a folari lum<strong>in</strong>e <strong>per</strong> capuc cometx transmiilb. Ratio eft, quia, ficuc<br />
pcrquodIibetioramen,aucparcicuIam vicream convexam Sol radiola pyramide <strong>in</strong> conclave<br />
illucet; aut<strong>per</strong>variasliepenubes lum<strong>in</strong>ofus tradtusfurllim, deorfiimve projicitur, ciim vel<br />
igneacaeIoteIamitti,velcceIeftesvirgasvibraridicimus; eodemmodo transparcns effe po-<br />
teft cometx corpus, & iae6 radii (blares <strong>per</strong> illud vibrancur. Sic ctiam confpicitur <strong>in</strong> vitreo<br />
globoIbIido,autaquapIeno , ita<strong>per</strong> anguftum fbramen <strong>in</strong> obfcurum cubiculum illabente ,<br />
ut pars radiorum <strong>in</strong> parietem album <strong>in</strong>cidat, pars marg<strong>in</strong>eglobicxcipiatur. Confirmatur<br />
hocpoti<strong>in</strong>mumexeo,qu6d<strong>in</strong>omnibuscometis,quiabanniscentum apparucre, caudafem<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>adverlamaSoIepartcmprotenditur;<br />
quod argumcntum eft, caudamillameflerario*<br />
rem matcriam aradiis Solis <strong>per</strong> capuc & corpus cometx crajedtis 8c rctradtis illum<strong>in</strong>acam. Aliquandotamcnobfervatumeft,<br />
comctamcaudam projicere <strong>in</strong> oppofitum altcriusftcllxvalde<br />
luccntis,&:prxcipue Veneris, quiatunccaudafbrmaturex radiis Veneris. H<strong>in</strong>c<br />
Ben(}expIicaripoccftprim6,curcaudam<strong>in</strong>usficilIum<strong>in</strong>aca, quamcorpuscometx, racio<br />
eft,quia cxhalationes & partes xthercx rariores,tbrmantes caudam, funt m<strong>in</strong>us opacx , atque<br />
adebrcricctunc m<strong>in</strong>orcmIucem,qu.\mcorpuscometx.<br />
Hxplicatur (ccundo, cur cauda fbleat etle latior <strong>in</strong> f<strong>in</strong>e , qu^m <strong>in</strong> pr<strong>in</strong>cipio^imaf^lnem<br />
pyramidis<strong>in</strong>verfxeriigians. Ratioeft, quiaradiiretraaipo(\quamuniuntur<strong>in</strong> aliquopun-<br />
cto, de<strong>in</strong>dc decuflantur,
64 Mcteorologia<br />
Explicaturquarto : CurComette aliqui caudam <strong>in</strong>itio non habent, de<strong>in</strong>de vero illam<br />
acquirant, vel etiamillama<strong>in</strong>ittant; hocenimexeoevenit, quia radi<strong>in</strong>oa <strong>in</strong>itio penetrant<br />
opacioremmatcriam,quamde<strong>in</strong>deienfim<strong>per</strong>vaduntj f<strong>in</strong> autem condenfetur materia, Comette<br />
prius comati aut caud sri, glabri omn<strong>in</strong>o ftunt.<br />
Arguestamenadhuccontradiaaprimo: caudacometxaliquando non omn<strong>in</strong>o <strong>in</strong> direftumSolis,<br />
(ed defleclendoaboppofito<strong>in</strong>aliquampartemprojicituriUtde cometa ann. iffg»<br />
oblervat Rothaiannus , de cometa anni 1^77. notat Tycho, & de cometa ann. ipg.<br />
aflerit Snell!us,quando caudanon illum<strong>in</strong>aturaradiis fblaribus. Refpondeo, oriri hoc ex<br />
diverf;ifiguracometK,qua;figuracauratdiverramrefra6lionem; five clarius;fieri hoc, quia<br />
radiuspropterprofl<strong>in</strong>ditatc<strong>in</strong>ecvariamopacitatemcapitiscometx avertitur ,utnon exeat <strong>in</strong><br />
oppofitum; ide6quefoletidevenireipfbflatim<strong>in</strong>itio,quandoadhuceftopacior materia, &.<br />
<strong>in</strong>digefl:a;ubiautemopacitas ilIamajorfracl:afuerit,laxat exitum, «Situncradius<strong>in</strong>diredum<br />
cmicat.<br />
Arguesfecundo: Et eftpotifITmaobje£tio, licetradii<strong>per</strong>refraaionem <strong>in</strong>fleaaiitur, Sc<br />
faciantangulum, adhuctamen nunquam propagantur <strong>per</strong>l<strong>in</strong>eam curvam , fed folum <strong>per</strong> re-<br />
£tam, conftatautem , quod fxpe apparuerit cauda curva , falcata (Sc arcata, ergo. Refpoadeo,utfupcrius3nnotavimus,<br />
idoriri exfenfuumillufione, Nequeenim efi;novum,redam<br />
l<strong>in</strong>eamcontemplantialongevidericurvam. Sicnavigantibus littora eciam reaavidericurva.<br />
Ratioveroaprioripoteftdefumiexdef<strong>in</strong>itionel<strong>in</strong>e2ecircularis,atqueadeocurv£e ; omnis<br />
enjm I<strong>in</strong>ea,cuius omnespartes aque diftantabaliquopuncto, quod eftcentrum, eftcircularis,
Philofophico-Politica,<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Incentores malorum ne tolerentui'.<br />
1 diluur c Come xl.derumabortus, ^camannunuimorborumatquebellorum,acutaorien i.<br />
t.s So].slucepelluntur. Caudatis his oculis Sol fp<strong>in</strong>a dt. Venenatas bdSs ri.mme<br />
usglad.us expurgat. Paradifus nontoleratalpidisvenenum. \falorum <strong>in</strong>cen:oi^rve«<br />
humano: converlat.on^ funt, <strong>in</strong> commerciis co.uagium : contadlu nocent. Tbortuc hZ^<br />
n.genensunt,pdhsRe.publ.cx. Piacrudelitastftexilii autpa^nar malo malo meder T<br />
m.naoppnmere,..p.etatis. Scdusamat,eiuitoleratfcderato?. Impiu eft quTcum pi':<br />
dl,nonv,altlc.nt.llas.ncend.orumreft<strong>in</strong>guerc.G.afratur<strong>in</strong>vic<strong>in</strong>ascEdesflamJ,ci.m3^<br />
"^ "^ ' confortio pdUrbr ablegecur ,<br />
focium<br />
utTh^xt'<br />
<strong>in</strong>toxicatrhuic^iibcfe.<br />
tatita%u, fo. tovec. e?°"l'r Un.us culpa .n plures redundat: 6c r».d„s ipfe fi,i , qui maloco^vixerlt.<br />
Mcnander.conrent.tmalo, quimalos tolerat ; tolerat, qui non toIlitfMonet Satius PoS<br />
- - - Primo <strong>in</strong> Umlfiejlfle<br />
Str^J.j.<br />
CottMHsfceUr,im.,aicjHeaHimos<strong>in</strong>fand
66 Mercorologia<br />
DHmJpeBant oetili Ufis , Iddmmr& t'pjf<br />
AdidtnqMe corporibns tranjitlone nocent,<br />
Integergrexquomodoruecorreptusabic<strong>in</strong> ru<strong>in</strong>amy a vlc<strong>in</strong>a ove labes contrahitur: & ferpitmembrorumconrangu<strong>in</strong>itate<strong>in</strong>teft<strong>in</strong>ummorbimalum,<br />
quoad prop<strong>in</strong>quitate cor, vits<br />
Jmtn. caput corripiatur,<br />
$a,t, 2^ Dcdithanc contaqio lahem. Tuvenalis.<br />
QAxmWMVLxh':^ Romam cemprehenderehello qucereret, Sagunt<strong>in</strong>os belli<strong>in</strong>centores aggi"e(rus eft.<br />
Cunidomefticisfedicionibusres Romanaturbaretur , <strong>in</strong>diftidiorumcapicaJuliusCcelaranittvittsl,<br />
madvertit. EtAlexandercoercitionetrcdecim(edicio(brummilitumtoti exercituiquietem<br />
3
Pliilofophico-Politica. S^<br />
Alterproprius, quomovetur <strong>in</strong>circulo maximo circa Solem> vel ab occafu <strong>in</strong> brtum, vel a<br />
Septcntrione<strong>in</strong>Audrum, velabAoftro<strong>in</strong>Septcntrionem, Senecanarratduos, unumtemporeCl.iudii,aitcrumtemporeNeronismotosaScptcntrione<br />
<strong>in</strong> Aulhum-. Unde communioreorummotuseil<strong>in</strong>Septentrioncm^quodAriltotelcs<br />
& plerique Aftronomi oblervaverunt.<br />
ItatcftaturNicepliorusdccometavifotemporeTlieodoiii: Regimontanusdecometai47f.GemmaFriliusdecomet3if5'2.
68 » <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Cumenimaerisregioficcis abundat exhalationibus, fatiliJiitEflammamconcipiunt &:exar-"<br />
clcrcunt<strong>in</strong>cometasaccedentibusmaximcaliarummaceriarum p<strong>in</strong>guibus <br />
autvef<strong>per</strong>i>5(Sceftpropehori2ontem , quamnam diftantiam obt<strong>in</strong>eat ab aliqua fteljaeifu<strong>per</strong>iori;<br />
(Scdeitide,quandojamcircaverticemeft, notetur, aneandemdiftantiam adhuc obti-<br />
neat. Quodi<strong>in</strong>onobt<strong>in</strong>et, fignum eft, non efi"e <strong>in</strong>feriorem itellis fixis, fed <strong>in</strong>ipfofirmamcntolucercfivcro<br />
diftantiammutavit, fignumeft, eum efTe <strong>in</strong>feriorem. Cumenimftellae<br />
ob remotionem diverfb locoj <strong>in</strong> quocunque fitu f<strong>in</strong>t, non afpiciantur , fi &: cometae feu <strong>in</strong> Horizonte-jfeu<strong>in</strong>Meridiano,<br />
<strong>in</strong>eodemfitu<strong>in</strong>tueantur » cum ipfis eMem diftantia potiri judicandum,<br />
Sect<strong>in</strong>dus medus defumitur ex duobuslocis dift<strong>in</strong>(9:is <strong>per</strong> aliquot gradus ad <strong>in</strong>vicem , fed<br />
tamen fub eodemmeridiano exiftentibus; namquefi cometa eadem horaobfervatus,eandem<br />
abaliquaftellafixa, quae (it <strong>in</strong>eodemmeridianocum cometa diftantiam habet,fignum eft,<br />
. -riullara pati paralaxim. Qupd ii a duobus obfervatoribus diverfx ab ea ftella obfervatCE (unt<br />
-diftaarijE:jamparalaximpatitur,quce(juantomajoreft ut,diximus eo cometam oftendit terra<br />
vic<strong>in</strong>iorem.<br />
Tertius modus eft, <strong>per</strong> filum,nam cum cometa, cum proprio curfu lentefcit,vixmoveatur<br />
aboccafu <strong>in</strong> ortum-,tunc quando cometa Meridianum tenet, obfervetur, quibus cum ftel-<br />
Hs<strong>in</strong>re(3:amL<strong>in</strong>eamfitpra:tenfoanteoculos filo, qui Sc <strong>per</strong>cometam, (Sc <strong>per</strong> duas ftellas <strong>in</strong><br />
dire
Philofophico-Politica. «9<br />
tuf<strong>in</strong>iuntur, fuoque <strong>in</strong> flore violento gladio demetuntur. Romanus Poeta his brevibus<br />
regnis lefTum canit.<br />
11,<br />
fioUntA nemo ItnfcriA eent<strong>in</strong>ith diu.<br />
ModcratA dmMit :<br />
.hr.<br />
StneCA ia<br />
Tra*d,,<br />
Quod velmuliebris<strong>in</strong>geniiacum<strong>in</strong>eLiviaAugufta ad fuum Auguftum edixit : VloltHti, ^Stio- j),'o CAlf^<br />
nest HtHtfnnt omn<strong>in</strong>o jnjtijfma-, irrit^nt, manfuetit flacent. Quod adeo eft natura comparatum, /. jj^<br />
utbrutorumquoqucanimantiumterociftima blandiendo cicurentur; alia timidiflima atque<br />
imbeciliflima, male habitaatqueoflenfa, irritentur. Et vermiculus vexatus irate fe contrahit,&:apum<br />
crabronumqueagm<strong>in</strong>aexcitata,<strong>in</strong>vulnera fe fe aculeant; & Scorpius venena<br />
emitcit, liviolencepremitur. Alvero: Idtantumcarmen Orpheo ah Amphione, ^uod tantapleUro EumtH.<br />
fidiljHSijue dukedo quamfecuta quondam fa.xis. <strong>per</strong>hibentur , ut ducentibus fubveEla modulis & ad<strong>in</strong>tervalla pro recarm<strong>in</strong>um<br />
refiflentia , fponte murum velut arte confiruerent, Nonne <strong>in</strong> Im<strong>per</strong>atortius tanta <strong>in</strong>efl animo- flaur.<br />
rumimpttus ciendivist utdumm<strong>in</strong>isacvi e.vaf<strong>per</strong>ant, moderatione id juhere poff<strong>in</strong>t , quod fuadere co- Schol, ad<br />
naniur. Non itaquc violente im<strong>per</strong>a , ut exal<strong>per</strong>es ; fed clementer jubeas , ut blande fleftas. Dioclet.<br />
Mediocritasoptima, Cieobulivox eft,<strong>in</strong>tervctcrumGraEci£efapientumparoemiasrelata:Ne & Ma^<br />
violente nimis , neque clementcr. Quodfi alterutraeligenda,regacClemenua, xi».<br />
quu gubernatore clcmenciflima dom\x% Aufiria Erit<br />
In Orlte llltima.<br />
-mv?^"<br />
I; QILE-
:<br />
jo Mcteorologia ^<br />
QUtESTIOV.<br />
DeVrognofikOijeu Jigmficatione ^ effeElibns Come-<br />
tarum.<br />
ENumeratis generibus & formis , caufis & proprietatibus comecarum, de prognoftico<br />
feufignificationeeorundem etiamagcndum. Etquamvisrecepcillimaliadtenus apud<br />
fapientiflimosquosquetamPhilofophos^Altronomos , Hiftoricos ac Poetas, quam<br />
etiamEthicos&Theologoseafueritop<strong>in</strong>io, quam recentior 1-oecarum nonnemohis<br />
Verfibus expofuit<br />
Uiida-,famesi igrns , contagt'a,pr£liai motus<br />
Terra-i RegnortimqHe vices^foft ft<strong>in</strong>erii Regum,<br />
H£cfltnt-, cjUAjignat coeli tibi Munde cometes,<br />
tommunitamenhuicafTertoacerrimefefe opponuntquidam&pr^Ecedentis &: hujusfeculi<br />
Novatoresftatuentesocometasomnesefiecorporaomn<strong>in</strong>o e fecundiori natursf<strong>in</strong>u<strong>in</strong>fublimiori<br />
a:therearegionegenitaviprorfusnaturali,autefiemundocoxva (ideranec adaliumf<strong>in</strong>em,<br />
qua<strong>in</strong>admundiornatum&decorem, reriimqueCofmicarumvarietatem & Creatoris<br />
gloriam enarrandamproduftaf<strong>in</strong>eullacum rebus <strong>in</strong>ferioribus & terrenis conncxione ; adeoque<br />
nec quicquam trifte aut fatale unquam porcendiffe, fed cafu duntaxat fadtum , quod <strong>in</strong> Fatalesorbis<strong>in</strong>ferioriseventus,quialiundeetiam,<br />
nonexorientecometa , contigifient, eorum<br />
apparitones<strong>in</strong>cider<strong>in</strong>t. Quidhac <strong>in</strong> re nos fentiamus <strong>per</strong> fequentes conclufiones breviter<br />
expediemus, quare fit<br />
Conclufio i.Cometas, quifiunt <strong>in</strong> aere, portendere naturaliter pofle terra; ficcitates,<br />
ventos,terra;motus,famem,&peftilentias. Ratioex eodeducitur, quiafignificant, exquibusconftant,&<strong>in</strong><br />
quxdifi^olvuntur. Conftanc aucem cx magna copia exhalacionis licca;;<br />
(iccitatemfequituragrorumfterilitas, quiaobhumoris<strong>in</strong>opiam terra annuus frugcs proierre<br />
nequit, Hancconfequiturannona;caricas,famcs,&:tandem peflis, tum ob fitcidum defla-<br />
grantis materise halitum, a quo hom<strong>in</strong>es <strong>in</strong>ficiuntur , tum propter nimiam corporum exliccacionem,&:humidiradicalisconfumtionem;<br />
undelevioccafione corpora morbo opprimLui-<br />
Sequuntur<strong>in</strong>undationesaquarum &:terrcEmotus; fumi enim illarum poft <strong>in</strong>cendium<br />
tur,<br />
difTipati,&<strong>in</strong>aeremfparfiventoscient,e6squeprKter folitumaugent; venti mare commovent,ut<br />
nontantiimnaufragiaaccidant, fed eci.im gravisfimcefianc<strong>in</strong>undationes&alluviones.<br />
Hiipfiautemflatus,(iterra2<strong>in</strong>cludancur,eandemquaciunc,6
Philofopliico-Politica. 71<br />
mores habent ad accenfionem magis accommodatos, & pcracuds Sc <strong>per</strong>iculofis morbis obno.<br />
xios, cimi<strong>in</strong>dcliciisvivant, &a mulcisrebusnonabd<strong>in</strong>eant, qux <strong>in</strong> tam (iccaccxliconftitu-<br />
tionc[.)iurimum vitaleroburoblxderelolcnt, cujusmodi li<strong>in</strong>texercitia vehemcntia, uliis v<strong>in</strong>orum<br />
valdepocentium&aromatum, nocturnxcommenationes, (Scid genusalia ; H<strong>in</strong>c enimfieripoteft,<br />
utfacile <strong>in</strong>tereant Pr<strong>in</strong>cipes, velratione<strong>in</strong>tem<strong>per</strong>iei, velbellorumoccalione<br />
; ad quorum tata lequuntur regnorum & legum mutacioncs, quia novus Rex,nova lex, di-<br />
ci pocelt.<br />
Ad hos effedus Cometarum etiam illorum caufa efficiens, <strong>in</strong>fluentia nfimpe (ideruni aliquidconterrepotefl,<br />
docecenim Ptolomxuslib.2.t]uadripart.opens,quasacometis porten-<br />
dantur, ejusmodieHe, qualiaMarti, &Mercurio, &: cxterisPlanetis<strong>in</strong>prxceptisliiis aflignant<br />
Altrologi. Quando ergo exempli gr. Martis iiaturx vel Mercurii comctx funt , tunc<br />
bella, crudeIitates,exicium
72<br />
Mcteorologia<br />
Ludovici RegisHungarixad Mohatzium ; Budam captam, uti& Romanam llrbem ab exercitu<br />
Caroli V. DuceBorbonio occupatam ; irruptionemTurcarum <strong>in</strong> Germaniam, <strong>in</strong>deaSolymannoViennamAuflriteobfefTamcumdevaftationepluriumRegionum.<br />
Annoij^^.Come.<br />
tes<strong>in</strong>gentis magnitud<strong>in</strong>is viCusefl, fubtecutum Ibhilma Anglicanum hsrefi conjun61;um ob<br />
negatamaRomanoPontificedifrolutionemmatrimonii,quo<strong>in</strong>du(3:o Henricus Rex (ecaput<br />
Ecclelix edixit. Anno ifj^. cometes apparuit , fecuti <strong>in</strong>gentes terrarmotus , aeftas maxima<br />
undefbntes&flum<strong>in</strong>aexaruerunt, domorumcediticiaacfylviE Solisardore<strong>in</strong>cenla. Cometes<br />
anni i^-^g. <strong>in</strong>felicem Ferd<strong>in</strong>andi Regis pugnam cum Turcarum exercitii portendebat, ab eo<br />
enim<strong>in</strong>fugama6lusmultamilliaami(it. Exorta etiam <strong>in</strong> Italia & Brabantia magna annonx<br />
caritasacdirapeflis. Anno jf^i. cometa vifu terribilis confpedlus, & paulo poft Turca <strong>in</strong><br />
Moravia, Silefia & Aufhia crudeliilimcgraffatus. Peitis dira prope Rhcnum <strong>in</strong> Germania 6c<br />
Auflriamultamilliahom<strong>in</strong>umabfijmpfit. CarolusV. etiam <strong>in</strong>feiiciter trajecit <strong>in</strong> Aliicam><br />
multis mercibus &c militibus procellosa tcmpcftate fubmerlis. Buda a Ferd<strong>in</strong>ando Rcge Hun-<br />
garix-obfelTa, verumviduaJoannisWayvvodtTurcas <strong>in</strong>vocavit, quiobfidionepullaarte Sc<br />
aftuBudam extorlit, &:2.Sept. eandem occupavit. Anno iffg. cometa atri coloris veruimag<strong>in</strong>cexbihensaftullit,<br />
quemmorsCaroliV.Imp. 27. Septembr.<strong>in</strong> coenobio morientis 6<br />
vefligio excepit;ad confpedumvero cometx fubfequentisanni mortuus eft Henricus fecundu8RexGal!ia:,acpaul6poftPauIusIV.<br />
acif. Card<strong>in</strong>alcs; itemHercules Dux Ferraria;, Rex<br />
Dania.', DuxVenetorumLaurentius, multiquePr<strong>in</strong>cipcsalii. Annode<strong>in</strong>de if^o. cometa<strong>in</strong><br />
Galliavifus,&;moxobiitFrancifctisII. RexGallia, quemquadriennio poft ad fimilem TragicamtacemrecutusFerd<strong>in</strong>andusIm<strong>per</strong>ator,<br />
Zigethi<strong>in</strong>Hungaria expugnatioa Turcis , 6c<br />
NicolaiSer<strong>in</strong>ii Herois fortiflimi casdes. Anno i)-82, cometes vifiis Henrico tertio Regi Gal-<br />
lia: tatalis, quippe cultello a monacho <strong>in</strong>terfedtus. Cometa ann. 1^83. funeftumbellum <strong>in</strong><br />
Archiepifcopatum Colonienfem<strong>in</strong>tulit, ubiErneftusDuxBavariceadverfiisGebhardumTruchfelium<br />
Proteftantium fidem ampledtentem, ac uxorem ducentem , libertatemque ReligionisfubjectisconcedentemArchiepifcopusdeclaratuscil.<br />
Annoij^Sj' cometatere cr<strong>in</strong>itus 7ificati'onem.,<br />
Ht fHgiantkfaciearcHs, Nonnegaverimtamen, hosaliquibus fauftos eftc- pofTe, nunquamenimaliquidita<strong>per</strong>niciofumexiltituni<br />
, qu<strong>in</strong> non
Philofophico-Politic^. 73<br />
Colligiturfecund6,nonomti<strong>in</strong>orecedendum efFeab iliorum fententia, quicoelumNaturxlibrumcxS.ScripturJE&antiquorum<br />
Rabb<strong>in</strong>orum tcltimoniiseilevel<strong>in</strong>t, dicantquellel-<br />
las veluci ciiaradercs ibidem allignatos , Dcum porro , dum malum extraord<strong>in</strong>ariura mortalibus<br />
eventurum lit;niticare deliderat, extraord<strong>in</strong>arias ftellas <strong>in</strong> coelo accendere (blere. AltilHmus<br />
enim,<strong>in</strong>quit 1\ Kirchcrus <strong>in</strong> Phyfiologia nova,litpiirimc uticur caulis naturalibus ut hieroglyphicis,ut<br />
homo <strong>in</strong> his legat hoc, quod lapientia div<strong>in</strong>a delcripferit <strong>in</strong> coelo, cerra 6c elemcn-<br />
tis, ut,iilemitaspra;ceptorumDiv<strong>in</strong>orumegredicur, illa hom<strong>in</strong>i horrorem<strong>in</strong>cutiant, illumqucad<br />
mcliorem trugem reducant. Prxtereaaddit Ricciolus , ut admoneantur Patresiamilixtkocconomi<br />
adprudentcmpadimoniam;magiltratus vero ad avertendam aeris <strong>in</strong>tettionem,morborum<br />
contagia,(S(: bellorummotus. LIndededuciturcontraLongomontanum,ttnemCometarum<br />
noneflead rcpurgandamduntaxat aerisftacionem.<br />
Colligiturtercio, dato, quodgeneratioCometsfitres plane naturalis ,<br />
de quo acriter<br />
complures Authorescontrovertunt,maletamen <strong>in</strong>tertur, eum non pofreeflefignum extraord<strong>in</strong>ariumalterius<br />
rei, utiirislicct lit res plane naturalis, lignum eit gratix &c tocderis div<strong>in</strong>i<br />
cum gencrehumano; De<strong>in</strong>delici^tnaturalemhabeatorig<strong>in</strong>em, curnon Providentiadiv<strong>in</strong>a<br />
ex pecul iari dilpolitione ord<strong>in</strong>are pofl'ct,ut tunc iblum orbi afllilgeat, quando mortales punire<br />
decernit.<br />
CoHigitur quirto : Lic^t non omnes cometas fubfecuta fit calamitas , eam tamen fignificarepotuerunt,quemadmodumJonjeprophetiapra'dixitN<strong>in</strong>ivce<br />
ru<strong>in</strong>am , qustamenhaud<br />
fccutaclt,novitenimdiv<strong>in</strong>aNemelistulmenfijlpendere, fi nosnoverimus a delicto mentem<br />
rctrahere.<br />
Colligiturqu<strong>in</strong>to; utfu<strong>per</strong>iiisexKirchero annotavimus, tametfi multi Reges & Pr<strong>in</strong>-<br />
cipes lato tuncti f<strong>in</strong>t,multaque regiones everli l<strong>in</strong>e piKvia cometa; tace,manet tamen hic, u-<br />
bi illuxerit,impendentis mali (ignum, fic multcc etiam pluvix' exaere dccidunt,quas iris non <strong>in</strong>-<br />
dicavit, 6c tamen iris apparitio non ceffat cfle (ignuni pluvicE. Neque enim Deus obligatur<br />
utliim<strong>per</strong>extheliiurisnaturieiigna&porcenta <strong>in</strong> coeio oftendat, 6c ad relipifcentiam admo-<br />
neat.<br />
ColligestamenS. vanaefl^ecometarum prognoftica, qux fubfequuntur k Pl<strong>in</strong>iofwapparetdoloresoculorum , boum peftem augurat; <strong>in</strong> Tauro frigus vehemcns;<br />
<strong>in</strong>C7fw;«/igrandi3tonitrua, <strong>in</strong>Mwcromortesfubitas, <strong>in</strong> leone bella; <strong>in</strong> virg<strong>in</strong>e fcbres \<br />
\\\ Libra liccitatem , <strong>in</strong> ftgittario a-ftum , <strong>in</strong> Capricomo Religionum deprelfionem , <strong>in</strong> Aqnario<br />
fulm<strong>in</strong>a, <strong>in</strong> H\cihus fidei mutationem. Hs &: fimiles fpecialcs prognofes explodendx po-<br />
tius, quam approbandx funt, cumpraEtervanamfciendicuriofitatem,nihil tblidx rationis<br />
cont<strong>in</strong>eanc<br />
Quaeres,an cometarum apparitiones posf<strong>in</strong>t ab Aftronomis pradiciyRefpondet Hevelius<br />
negativ^, dum <strong>in</strong> cpift. die 27. Jan. i66f. ad D. Lubieniecium ita (cribit : mirum lane multum<br />
qui fieriunquam posfit,cLim Aftrologi glorientur, fe poflecometasadeb prxcise praedicerc,<br />
quod tamoius ille Aftrologus Germanus (Schimferus) circa pacem Turcicam , qux eodem<br />
anno,quobellum m<strong>in</strong>abatur, <strong>in</strong>itaeft, adeo enormiter aberraverit. Profbaoadeomulta»<br />
imo contraiia verba nonnunquam funditant,ut mirum eftet, fi cadj unum aut alterum non att<strong>in</strong>gerent.<br />
Quammultos cometasexconjundtionibus magnisprcEdixerunt,quorumnullus<br />
fanehumanis oculisvifusefty ita ille. EtRatiocft, quiaprididtiocometxeftresprorfus<strong>in</strong>certa,<br />
namfiventos, fulm<strong>in</strong>a&fimiliameteora prxdicere res pland fallibilisfit, quantomagis<br />
prxdicerecometam; fiquidemm.ijusopuseftnaturxproduccrecomctam, quammeteora,potencioresque<br />
qucunt<strong>in</strong>tervenire cau(x,eflredus fiderum impedientes.<br />
» ,
74<br />
Mcteorologia<br />
J P P E N D I X,<br />
QllKrianonpaucisfolet, numftella, quce magos duxic ad prterepe Dom<strong>in</strong>i cometa fuerit,<br />
vel aliquod aliud illuftre meteoron. Huic qusfito fatisfaciunt Conimbricen-<br />
"ies , negando quoad primam partem fteilam hanc luifre cometam , cum ea, qux de nutu<br />
ra & <strong>in</strong>geniocometarum, deiilorum motu & evanelcenciafubdiurno lum<strong>in</strong>e&diftantia a<br />
terrisdidafunt,m<strong>in</strong>imeiiuicftell£econveniant. Ha;cenim biennio,utquidamvolunt fpeftandam<br />
fe<strong>per</strong>petuo tam<strong>in</strong>terdiuquam nodtu dabat tanto fplendore, ut alia ccelilum<strong>in</strong>a y<strong>in</strong>ceref<br />
occultabatur , dumopus erat, eoque fe <strong>in</strong> terrara demific ut Ephebi <strong>in</strong>ftarRegibus<br />
prielucerettaceviamquemonftraret,donecconftiteritfupra fpeluncam Neo-nati Salvatoris,<br />
Fuit igiturMeteorum quidem,fed nuUum exhaaenusdi6tis,verum<strong>in</strong>folitum planeSc f<strong>in</strong>gui3re,nonnacurali,fedAngelicavirtuteexmateriafublunariconflatum,<br />
valdeilluftre , quod<br />
Angelim<strong>in</strong>ifterio <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>teriore aeris regione devehebatur. Ita communiterSS.PP. QuamvisS.Chryf.hom.6.<strong>in</strong>cap.2.Macth.&:<br />
quidamaliiexiftiment, fuifleAngelum, quieafigura<br />
apparuerit,<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
2-3.<br />
Laboribus ne plus aequo gravet.<br />
JV". zs<br />
-<br />
Meteo-
Philofophico-Poliaca. 75<br />
'Eteoriftarum fcirum eftiComecam <strong>in</strong> Domo Librx vifum turbas prarfajMre , ac velud<br />
t'jiroribusplagisi.]UCtbrmid.uidusJupitcrlaxorum mole prorgravatos Gij^<strong>in</strong>tcs contru<br />
learmavit: IcalaborumpciJidcrepreirus fubditus fatifcat necelVe efl:, auc <strong>in</strong> prcmcntem<br />
lcDom<strong>in</strong>un-i erigat. Xon luntdegenere coclorum lcrvi : illisnec mora, ncc rcquies;<br />
horum imbecillitas levamen quxrit , ut vires colligant. GaHdentDrj<strong>in</strong>a fcrpctuo motHi&j!:g{a-<br />
gttationcveictat sionitni. Indefcjpt vertigo cdum rotat. Maria ttjlibns ii^jnieta fnnt , & fiAre Sol nefcit. l,at<strong>in</strong>ui<br />
At ntortalium nemo el} , (jHifiriis rchits Mijve Ltharihxs <strong>in</strong>toitKS <strong>per</strong>petMO efjc pojjit , fid ipfa natitra cujusvis Pacattu<br />
dii.-^uod foLttium dejiderat. SoHcitudo l<strong>in</strong>eotio, labor l<strong>in</strong>equietc, occupatio l<strong>in</strong>e vacatione,ex- /« Paneff.<br />
ercitiumf<strong>in</strong>etranquillo, fatigatiof<strong>in</strong>elbmno,<strong>per</strong>pctuum mobile efl, humeris hom<strong>in</strong>um<strong>in</strong>- 77W.<br />
conveniens. NecHerculesjnecOrioncont<strong>in</strong>uo motu<strong>in</strong> terris agitabantur; poftquam <strong>in</strong>- a/mucI.<br />
terlideratranslati,errantl<strong>in</strong>cquiccc <strong>in</strong>orbem rcvoluti. Aurei Gigantis , Solis, requies cft educat.<br />
moveri: &hom<strong>in</strong>umvitaeft,pon:motumquiefcerc. reg.c.so.<br />
Quod 'uod caret alternA recjMie-, durabile non efi-,<br />
Hdc rep.irat vires t fejfa^ue membra lcvat.<br />
Nimioimpetuaquarumcopiaverfushydromylampvcccipitata, illam nonmodb noncircumagit,<br />
fedtirangitacdemolitur. Franguntur vircs, cumplus xquo premuntur; nam&equo<br />
fuaponderismenfuracftv quam trahat; (Scquod nimiumeft, camelus rejicit , non plus pa-<br />
Ovid.
76<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
''f^. ^5.3% '-ysii t^:;. e^v, t^-j; gfsX ^.-. qf tS5?i ^jm^ ('x^i c^(g^ c^iV. t:'/®;c C/fc. C/To-.. «fi<br />
DISSERTATIO V.<br />
De Meteoris apparentibus <strong>in</strong> fublimi.<br />
r\E Meteoris ignitis, qux vere rubfiftunt, & accenduntur <strong>in</strong> aere (exceptis<br />
-"-^fcilicet Gometisfu<strong>per</strong>lunaribus) <strong>in</strong>prioriDiirertatione egimus;nunc ad<br />
ea, quL«ignitanonfunt,redtantumapparentia, hoceft, qux reipracuranulUbi<br />
exiliantjfpecietamen & figura vifuntur, accedeudum erit. Dicuntur alias<br />
etiamlucida, quoniamlux ea eff<strong>in</strong>git <strong>in</strong>nube,quamproptercraftiticm»Scdehfitatemnonomn<strong>in</strong>openetrarepoteft.<br />
Ex varia enim lucis rcfraftione radii<br />
multiplicantur,&variemifcentur, «Sc exea radiorum mixtione exprimuntur<br />
colores, vel nudi, vel ad reialicujusimag<strong>in</strong>em conformati. H<strong>in</strong>c ea ab Ari-<br />
ftotelelimplicivocabulo (pnf,V/ita/o(,Act^/ct ftve via laftea , Vorago, Halo, Parelius,Parafelene,<br />
virgce, colores nubium,Iris. De quibus fmgulis pauca pro<br />
<strong>in</strong>ftitutibrevitatedift^iremus. Quarefit<br />
QUiESTIOI.<br />
Ee Circulo , ftve 'via iaciea,<br />
^^^^:^OXMeteonsapparentibLisprimolocooccurntvialaae3,quamdeganter,Iic^tpau.<br />
^ \}W^<br />
cisjdefcribic Sulmonenfis vates:<br />
v^^ Eftvia fnblimis coslo mayitfefiajire»et<br />
L^itlea nomen hahtti candercnotabilis ipfe,<br />
Dehac vialacleaexnoflrafubjicienda fententia,quameteorumenenegabimus,hictra(3:andi<br />
locus non forec, quia ramen ea Ariftotelis & plurium antiquorum Philofophorum f iiic op<strong>in</strong>io»<br />
hancdifTertationisgratiuMeceoris<strong>in</strong>ferimus. Llnde fic<br />
Concluiioprima: CirculuslafteuSjVelvialadteanoneftlumenftellarum, ut Democritus«5cAnaxagorasdocuerunt,quceaSoleobcerrcE<strong>in</strong>cerjettum<br />
non confpiciuncur; nec illius<br />
obfcuranturlplendore. Ratio eft,namprimofieri nequic , ut Sol omnes <strong>in</strong>errantes ftellas<br />
non fem<strong>per</strong>afpiciac; cumSol ficmulcomajorcocacerrcemole,at, ucPci-rpeftividcmonftranr,<br />
cumcorpusopacumobjiciturlum<strong>in</strong>ofb,aquo magnitud<strong>in</strong>e fu<strong>per</strong>atur, radiielum<strong>in</strong>ofo pro.<br />
deuntescoeunccandempoftumbramjadam a corporeopaco,unde jameorum dilTulIo non<br />
impeditur. Accedit, umbramterraenonpcrt<strong>in</strong>gereultraSphcEramMercurii, quohr, utter-<br />
rK<strong>in</strong>terpofitio neutiquam impedire valeatexplicationem radiorum folarium ad fidcra <strong>in</strong>er-<br />
rantia. Secun-do etfi hoc concederetur, non adhuc ea eftbt caufa latlei circuli , quia tunc Sol<br />
alias&aliasftellasdiverfistemporibus<strong>in</strong>flexafua latione afpiceret, aliasquidem, cdm <strong>in</strong> fi-<br />
gniscftAuftralibus ; alias ciim <strong>in</strong> feptentrionalibus ; alias<strong>in</strong>tEqu<strong>in</strong>cdfialicirculo^quareo-<br />
portetet,lafl:eum non <strong>in</strong> iisdem fem<strong>per</strong> fteliis cerni , nec eandem <strong>per</strong>petuo habcre f iiciem , fed<br />
pro tempore rnucari , quod fal fum efle docec ex<strong>per</strong>ientia.<br />
Conclufio fecunda : Nec efl mera <strong>in</strong> acre, ficuc <strong>in</strong>fj^eculo, lum<strong>in</strong>is reflexio , nec<br />
nieruscaIor,aucdenfiorignis, ut Macrobius Sc Diodorus op<strong>in</strong>abantur. Ratio primipatet<br />
ex paulo ante d:i£lis,quia alioqu<strong>in</strong> vialadtea non eandem conftanter ftationcm teneret, fed ficu<br />
&locomucareturad corporis lum<strong>in</strong>ofi circuitum, Ratio (ecundi eft, quia nec calor, nec<br />
ignis<br />
\
Philofophico-Poiitica. 77<br />
ignis aptacandoricaiilarunt, (Scc]uamvisctrciit,t^iisEigiiis, aiitcaloris <strong>in</strong>hacfolumcoeliparte<br />
excicaticaulatanierticaxtamqucconllans^ V<br />
Concluliotcrija. Nequecftmagnusaliquis & tctiuiscometa <strong>in</strong>fuprc<strong>in</strong>a acrisrcgione,<br />
autlato ditfufaOkcxubcranscxlialacionum contictio,qux<strong>in</strong>riammecurvi(lcllaruni multarum<br />
defupcrimm<strong>in</strong>entium , quani<strong>in</strong> ctiam <strong>in</strong>Huentia cont<strong>in</strong>uocxteiranuuimcncumcantoMeteorofbvendoextrahatur.<br />
EllcontraAriilotclemi.Mcccor.c. 8- quiadhocalicrcndum <strong>in</strong>duceb3Curprim6,quiautfpir.itioadconcipicndumfcrvandLimque<br />
ii;ncm idonea , ciim ILib<br />
aiiquolideieconcrevic,cr<strong>in</strong>itxllellx'faciemcxiiibet ; itaconlentancum efl:, l<strong>in</strong>iile quidacciderelubfplendidiHimoillonderumchoro,<br />
cui ladeus orbislLibjiticur, & toalclccre <strong>in</strong>ibi<br />
nonuna<strong>in</strong>,led<strong>in</strong>numerabiles (lellascr<strong>in</strong>itas, qux tota<strong>in</strong> ilia<strong>in</strong> viam igncaluce convcdiant,<br />
autcalidam&: liccamexhalationem<strong>in</strong>cu<strong>in</strong>locum evedam, & <strong>in</strong>nubeculamtcnucm «Sc raramcoadamlacccndant.<br />
Facileautem<strong>in</strong>eum tradumcopia vaporum elevari potclt, quod<br />
iftavianon<strong>in</strong>ccdatSol, Sc proptercanequeconfumerepotcllhanc materiam, Qu^i~)d vcro<br />
fub toto Zodiaco , qui magnis , lateque fplcndentibus llcllis abundat , non appareat cjusmodi<br />
candorladeus, eaulaeft <strong>per</strong>pctuus ibi Solis, alioriimque Pianetarumcurlus , quomatcria<br />
hxc o<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>o abfumitur. Induccbacur lecundo , quia tiiculus lacteus libi limilis undique non<br />
eft,led alicubiampIior,alicubicontradior, alibiclarior, alibiobfcurior ; rurlLisaliuluiparte<br />
fimplcx,aiiage<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>atus;qux dilcrim<strong>in</strong>anonalia<strong>in</strong> vidcnturhabcrecaulatn,niliqu6dexhalationumconglobaciomajor,m<strong>in</strong>6rvepromagniiud<strong>in</strong>e,&<br />
vi lidcrumeterraaflurgit,circulunique<br />
varietate illadift<strong>in</strong>guir. Ita Ariftotelcs philolbphabatur.<br />
Concraver6ha-cprim6eft,quomodo pocuicacomlito orbe hucufquetanta& tamconftanscopiaexhalationu<strong>in</strong>.iteiTa<br />
fuppeditaii. Sccundo, cur,qu6 leicnius, exhalationibusquepuriLiscoElumeft,viahceccandidiorlpedatur;<br />
quomodo item eodem fem<strong>per</strong> candore<br />
conlians niterct, (i vaporibus, quidivcr(()s a maccria: variecatc colores trahunt, conftaret.<br />
Tcicio, quxnam ea quxlb lidera hujus mcccori lam diuturni caulx. Q£art6 , non (olent<br />
metcoraeire<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>anentia, fedfluxa , «Sc ptT <strong>in</strong>teivalla exiftere, atqui Galaxia omnibus Ix-<br />
culis eode<strong>in</strong>omn<strong>in</strong>6<strong>per</strong>feveravicmodo,omnitemporeeandemle<strong>in</strong><strong>per</strong>tigura<strong>in</strong>, claritatem,<br />
quantitacem&dcnlitatemret<strong>in</strong>et, cLi<strong>in</strong>tamenhycmepaucx,xftatevero plurimx cxhalatio-<br />
nes <strong>in</strong> (u<strong>per</strong>iorem aerisregionem cludcncur,crgo lignum eft, nonmagis illam meccoru<strong>in</strong> efle,quamlicSoIvclLuna,<br />
Qu<strong>in</strong>to, (iide6taiH;ili^iiacionum<strong>in</strong>ulcicudoilliccoale('cit,quiapars<br />
cceli,cuilLibjicitur,trequentilli<strong>in</strong>is&lplcndidilhmisftellis conf<strong>per</strong>fa ell ; li<strong>in</strong>ile quid<strong>per</strong>petuoactidcret<strong>in</strong>aliisaetistradibus,<br />
quibus (eta<strong>in</strong>cxtraZodiacum) li nontantaliderumtre-<br />
qucntia , 6c magnitudo, at certe ea relpondet, qux ad alios circulos,licct oblcuriores , efficienr<br />
dos (at cfle debcret.<br />
H<strong>in</strong>ccoIIigiturprimocontraargumenca<strong>in</strong>contrariumallata, licetfub uno aliquofidere<br />
congregetur <strong>in</strong>Ecrdum exhalationum materia , qux cr<strong>in</strong>itam ftellam clTonnet, cont<strong>in</strong>gcrc tameri<br />
non pofTet, ut tot annorjm millibus tanta halituum vis fub ftellis ftagret, & circulum immen(xmagnitud<strong>in</strong>isde(cribat,<br />
(ednecc^rariotandcmabdimeretur &c evanefccret.<br />
Colligicur (ccundo : Ladeu<strong>in</strong> hunc circulum non ob divcditatem fiderum halitus <strong>in</strong> fublimeattiahcntium<br />
c(rcalibimajorc<strong>in</strong>,(5ccIariorcm,aIibim:norem Sc obfcuriorem , fed quia<br />
parces illx odavi orbis (ive f<strong>in</strong>namenti , <strong>in</strong> quo <strong>in</strong>(idet,ut mox dica<strong>in</strong> , non ubique eandem ya?<br />
rietatem & denfitatcm obt<strong>in</strong>et, Unde lcquicur<br />
Conclulioquarta. Circulusladeuselt <strong>in</strong> firmamenco. Ratio prxter dida eft, quia A?<br />
ftronomidcprehenduntGalaxia<strong>in</strong> non reddcrc u.latn paralaxim, vel diverfitatcm afpedQs,<br />
fed e diverlis regionibus <strong>per</strong> eadc<strong>in</strong> (idcra commeare ab omnibus cernitur. Secundo , codem<br />
modocu<strong>in</strong>firmamentoniovetur,(Scabortu<strong>in</strong> occafum, (Scvicilli<strong>in</strong>aboccafu<strong>in</strong>ortum, hoc<br />
cftunogradu ccntum annis.<br />
Conclulio 5". Via ergoladeacftparsctxlifivefirmamentiornata ftellulis <strong>in</strong>numcris, ita<br />
tamen exiguis, ut fugiant aciem oculorum, qux (i<strong>in</strong>uljundx clariorem reddunt illam parcem,<br />
ac vcluti taiciam, aCque adeo exhibenc qucndam caiidorc<strong>in</strong>. Patet hoc ipfum ad ocuIum,fi illamcoelipartem,<br />
ferena tempeftate,telolcopioaliquograndiore(SLexadeparato<strong>in</strong>li3icias,de-;<br />
prehendcsillamplagammaximam<strong>in</strong>utarumftcllularummultitud<strong>in</strong>e conlitam eHc, at dc illx<br />
ladea albed<strong>in</strong>e vidcbis planc nihil. Confiimari potcft a (imili, (Lime duas tabulas nigro colore<br />
imbutas, <strong>in</strong>harumunapunctacandida<strong>in</strong>ajotaquidcm, fi;d notabili <strong>in</strong>ter (c <strong>in</strong>tcrvaJIo diflTta,<br />
<strong>in</strong> altera vcro itidcm punda candida, fed parva , Ircquentiftimaque delcribe ; fi tabulas fic para-<br />
tasdpari, remotatamendiftancia<strong>in</strong>lptxeris,primamnigram albisdift<strong>in</strong>dampundis <strong>in</strong>vcnies,<br />
hxcverodiHimulacanigred<strong>in</strong>ctctacandidaelfcapparcbit. Pardccoclo , ftellismajoribusdk<br />
disfitis,ac m<strong>in</strong>oribus (Sc conjundis eftojuditiu<strong>in</strong>. H<strong>in</strong>c a capite , id cft, de novo <strong>in</strong>cipiendo<br />
<strong>in</strong>tisiturprimo, quodcciam(pecialiscandor,quiiiocatur<strong>in</strong>quibusdamaliispartibuscoeli,oriar<br />
tur ex limili multid<strong>in</strong>e ftellarum.<br />
K ; Infer-
Anntd.<br />
78 Metcorologia<br />
Infertur fecundo , quam vanaquorundam dehoclaaeocirculofuer<strong>in</strong>tcommenta. Pythagoras<br />
enim v.am hanc aftri cujusdam laplu,aiii Phaediontis c coelo calu attritam putarunt.<br />
1-uere, quiJacJunonisMercuriumladlantisertufumadfignandumhunccociicircuIumdifflu-<br />
xille crediderunt. Pafciamccch Theophraftus feu hemilpha:riorum juncturam aft"erebat, ra-<br />
tus, quodDeusccelumm duaspartesquali (cutellasprocuderit^&de<strong>in</strong>fferrum<strong>in</strong>ationehac argentea<br />
etiam n um (pedlabil i ju nxer it.<br />
Quoeresquiserteaushujusladtei circuli fit: Pl<strong>in</strong>ius lib. iS. c. 29. tribuit ei vimhumettandiatqueoptimofuccofeulaaealendi&impiendifruges.<br />
Hujusenim defiuvic<strong>in</strong>quit,<br />
veiutexubere aliquofatacundta laaefcunt,hoceft, fiEcundum & fruoiferumfruaum concipiunt.<br />
tgoahumhaudmfluxum <strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>feriora<strong>in</strong>venio, quamquivulKoaftrisomnibuscon-<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Per vefligia majorum afcenditiir ad gloriam.<br />
g-.s.f.<br />
PRaedecefTorum fac<strong>in</strong>ora fummaria funt, quibus Succeflbres <strong>in</strong>ftruuntur ad ccqualia, uc<br />
juvenes aquilse feniorum volatu ad fequelam <strong>per</strong>trahuntur : Ita majorum veftigia funt<br />
leges juniorum. Certe Tiberius Im<strong>per</strong>ator omnia/
Philofophico-Politica. 79<br />
bellicofn rangu<strong>in</strong>ep<strong>in</strong>xit,folo,quembakheLi!n<strong>in</strong>c<strong>in</strong>xic, circulo fuo <strong>in</strong> candoic relidVo. Cu-<br />
jus pvivliime<strong>in</strong>oiiam<strong>in</strong>lignicer Auftriatener, <strong>in</strong>lignica candido lcucibaltheo (angu<strong>in</strong>eo trans- Cranz.!t*s<br />
vcrlimcamnoilluddividente. Indeadeum, quem etiamnura rcnent glorix apicem , tot 1.9. Va»-<br />
Auljriacalldcra<strong>per</strong>tigere, ruolcmpcr<strong>in</strong>ladead tam gloriolam lemitam cnutriti, Nempe: clal.css.<br />
rortescre.tnturfortlhns& l>onis,<br />
Efl<strong>in</strong>vivencis-,eHi>ie(jH!Sfatrum _ H(irA$,<br />
Virtus^nec imbellemferoces<br />
Prngener.xnt AquiU columbam.<br />
Qii<strong>in</strong>tiMaximi & PubliiSciponislauscll, li quando Majorum fuorum imag<strong>in</strong>cs <strong>in</strong>tueren-<br />
tur, <strong>in</strong>riammarianimosfuosajebant, & <strong>in</strong>virtuolii afta<strong>in</strong>citari; nec ante conquiefcere p.oterant<br />
donec lemicam laudum ica decurrcrenc, uc rerum a le gedarum tama ac glorii eos omn<strong>in</strong>oexacquarcnt.<br />
Nempe PrA-deceiroresgloriolbshabuirietelicitatisell:, at imitari eft vir-<br />
tutis. Is mihivitietur yimpliffimns^ejHifua virtute <strong>in</strong> altiorem locum fervenit: Ciceronis efFatum eft. Cic, fro<br />
Dctuoaddemajorumexemplis. Illi Pharum accenderunt, tu remum<strong>in</strong>tende; Illi faccm Rofc.A^<br />
prxtulerunt, tufequcreprxcuntes. IIIitarciam& baltheum proprio Marce acarce merue- mer<strong>in</strong>.<br />
ruric;tudifcetanqu3madidcamacrcgulamornare& componerc vitamtuamjuxtaviamillo- 'Pit:puniccas, codemquefolari lum<strong>in</strong>e recedente veldeficienterurfusdeficere<br />
<strong>in</strong>albidas, c<strong>in</strong>ercas , & nigrasjuxta menfuram nempc <strong>in</strong>cidentislucis^Sc nubium tem<strong>per</strong>amenti,ergo(ignumeft,taIescoloreshaudemanare<br />
ab iplis nubibus fiveexhalationibus 5c<br />
vaporibus , cum hi ibidem <strong>per</strong>leverenr.<br />
ConclulioSccunda. Nechicolores,qui <strong>in</strong> rKibibusapparencfuncSolis, ejusveradiorum<br />
proprii. Ratio eft, quia nubes varias colorum tbrmas alfumunc; utjum virides, jam<br />
puvpucear appareant, (ed neque Sol,ncque ejus radii funt virides,auc purpurei, ergo.<br />
- ' Arguescamcnconcraprimb: nubcsluncSolisfpecuIum,undeficutcolores, quireprxfcncancur<strong>in</strong>fpcculo,<br />
funcipfimet colores objecti reprxfentati^itaparitercolores <strong>in</strong>nubibus<br />
relucentescruntcolorcsSolisibipcrreflexionem reprjefentati. Secundo color, qui vifitur<br />
<strong>in</strong> cubiculo obfcuro, <strong>in</strong> quo tantum tenuefbramen rel<strong>in</strong>quitur, cui opponitur charta,eft color<br />
iplarumrerum,qua:tranleuntpcrplatcam,omniaenimha;cfiuntpcr(peciesreflexas;quoidem<br />
(entiendum de nubium coloribus.Refp. ad primum,di(paricaccm e^Tc, nam <strong>in</strong> fpeculo videntur<br />
colores objcdii , cujus (pccics <strong>in</strong> tali corpore tcrlb refledtuntur, at verb <strong>in</strong> nubibus , ciim alius<br />
color appareat diverfus a colore Solis Si radiorum , fignum eft , nullam ita <strong>in</strong> iis fieri horum re-<br />
flexioncm. Eadcm eft refponfio ad fccundum , quia <strong>in</strong> allata <strong>in</strong>flantia objedtum habet fimi-<br />
les colovcs, qui ibi ad chartam reflexi videri poftunt ; at verb <strong>in</strong> nubibus apparent colores , qui<br />
<strong>in</strong>Solcnon (l<strong>in</strong>t.<br />
Conclulio tcrtia;colorcs, qui <strong>in</strong> nubibus videntur, nonfuntveri, fed app3rentes,"qui<br />
oriunturparcim cxdiverficatcafFedlionum materice, <strong>in</strong> quam lux Solis, Luna;, vei aliorum<br />
aftrorum<strong>in</strong>cidit: partimcxdiverfb afpcdlulum<strong>in</strong>ofi ; partim ex qualitate mcdii, <strong>per</strong> quod<br />
transmitcicur,aucfpcciesvifibilesad oculos feruncur, parcim deniqueexalia&: alia <strong>in</strong>tenfionevelrcmiftionelum<strong>in</strong>is.<br />
Probaturhxcdodtr<strong>in</strong>avariis<strong>in</strong>ftanciis. Primb <strong>in</strong> vitrotrigono,<br />
fivetriangulari,ciamluci opponitur, cbdivcrfitatemopaci <strong>in</strong>cequalis, (Scdivcrfamlum<strong>in</strong>is<strong>in</strong>-<br />
cidentiamgeneranturfimiiescolorcsdivcrfi; Secundb <strong>in</strong> collocolumbx, cuiusfubtilisfimsc<br />
fylumcc aliqualitcr funt diaphanx" , & ob crifpas colli undulacioncs admictunt opacitati; <strong>in</strong>xquacm,fimiles<br />
apparcnt colores,qui tamen ncc <strong>in</strong> vitro triangulari , ncquc <strong>in</strong> collo columbce (untf<br />
nifitantumapparenter,ergbctiamexmixcur3 lucis <strong>in</strong> corporc diaphano cum aliquaopacita-<br />
to
8o Mcteorologia<br />
te umbro(a,qualisefl:nubls,pofruntfimilescoloiesgeneran, qui fblum Ibi apparenter, non<br />
tamenverilunt. SimiliterucBammteexvariafijmicommixtionevarie colorari folfnt, alix<br />
enimpuniceseialijEpurpures, alia:viridesapparent,itaaRrorum, prsfertim Solis ac Lunas<br />
variae Ipeciesnobiseflfulgentprodiverfitate medii <strong>in</strong>ter illa & afpedlum noftrum conilituti.<br />
H<strong>in</strong>c eodem tempore Sol oriens nobis ob copiam vaporum fu<strong>per</strong>hciem occupantium rubet,<br />
&idem relpedtu alterius horizontis altior flavet , quia hujus radiiamedii vaporibus calore<br />
conlumptisnullamopacitatemcontraliunt.<br />
ExhiscoUiges, Gau(ammaterialemh6rumcolorum,cui videlicet <strong>in</strong>exiftunt, efTevaporem&<br />
exhalationem, velaeremaddenfatum,veletiamaquam, praefertim qute <strong>in</strong> majorem<br />
raritatemattenuatafit. FormalemefTelucemvariemoditicatam^efficientemlucidacorpora,<br />
aliaqueidgenus,qua£lumenip(umjaculantur,&:materiamad ejusmodi colores admittendos<br />
prspatat»<br />
Arguestamen contraprimo. Coloresapparentes variantur, quoties variatur pofitiooculorum,<br />
ut fit<strong>in</strong>coloribus^qui<strong>in</strong>collocolumbse apparent; fed non ita cont<strong>in</strong>git <strong>in</strong> nubibus,<br />
earumenimcolorespedeverant, licetoculorum pofitio varietur, ergo. Secundd,aliquandopofl^Solisoccafum<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>tegrumhorKquadrantem<strong>per</strong>feverat<strong>in</strong><br />
nube ejus color Fiavus,ergohicnonre(ultatexmiXturalucis<br />
cumopaco nubis. Relpondeo ad primum, pofidonemoculorumnonadeofacilevariari,<br />
utrelpedu talispoficionis varietur etiam <strong>in</strong> nube<br />
mixturaillaluciscumopaco; quodtamenfacileaccidit<strong>in</strong> collo columba:, cujuscolorfacild<br />
variatur,quiafubtiliflimaplumx crifpantisopacitasfacillime etiam variatur. Ad fecundum<br />
negocon(equentiam,licdtenimSol jamocciderit refpeftu noftri , non ita recidit refpetlu<br />
nubis, quxcum fit<strong>in</strong>horizonte & <strong>in</strong> lublimioriloco , adhuc refpicitur&penetratura Sole<br />
fpatioirlius quadrantis , ficque <strong>per</strong>feverat <strong>in</strong> eoeventu talis color, quia <strong>per</strong>feverat luxSolis<br />
nubem penetrantis.<br />
Qua;resadhucprimo,quomodoergocoloralbus,niger,rubeus, & viridis ac alil<strong>in</strong>termedii<br />
colores generentur J Refpondeo , album generari , quando <strong>in</strong> nubem rariorem , & ex<br />
vapore fubtiiiore, parumque condenfato conftantem, lux lum<strong>in</strong>arium coeleftium <strong>in</strong>cidit,<br />
eamquepenecrat, &<strong>in</strong>totumejus corpussquabiliter difFunditur, Nigerverocolor<strong>in</strong>nube<br />
exden(a&crafraniateriaconftante,parumque lum<strong>in</strong>is recipiente producitur. Rubeus fit,<br />
cumnubes<strong>in</strong>lehabenthumidum, fumofum, terreftri adufto commixtum <strong>in</strong> quod <strong>in</strong>cidens<br />
Solisradiusnon penetrat, fed re<strong>per</strong>cufTus duplicatur rubeumque colorem eflicit. Viridis<br />
colororicur,cumnubeseft aquofa & rorida, ac ftillare jam <strong>in</strong>cipit recepto lum<strong>in</strong>e , quod<br />
enimaque£eeft<strong>in</strong>jedummateri£e,viridemcolorem efficit, Denique reliqui colores medii<br />
gignuncurexmajorivelm<strong>in</strong>ori<strong>in</strong>cidentiaLucis,qualitatemedii, & diverfitate afFeftionum<br />
materia:.<br />
QiKeresfecundo, cur coelum, dum rereniflimum eft, coeruleum appareat? Refpondeo<br />
, hoc ex eo cont<strong>in</strong>gere, quia tunc nuUum <strong>in</strong> aere corpus opacum,quod aut term<strong>in</strong>are oculos,autfallcrepofIit<br />
; unde vifio tendit <strong>in</strong> folum a^rem , qui cumfitcorpus tenuifHmum,<br />
oculonullos videndi limitesponit; quovero magis ab oculo diftat objeftum , eo amplius<br />
vergit ad nigred<strong>in</strong>em. H<strong>in</strong>c cum vifiiales radii <strong>in</strong> ferena coeli facie term<strong>in</strong>um non afFequantur,tit,uc<br />
fu<strong>per</strong>ficierumaeris mulciplicatio ex xquali lucis & tenebrarum miftura medttim<br />
oculo colorem nempe coeruleum afFundat ; ficut cundem montes remotisfimi colorem oculis<br />
<strong>in</strong>gerunc,eadem fu<strong>per</strong>ficierum aeris multiplicationecaufatum.<br />
QvKerestertio. Quid color albus, niger, rubeus &c viridis portendat T Refpondeo:<br />
albuscolorferenitatis&ficcitatiseftnuncius, quoniamtenueshce
Philofophico-Poiitica. 8l<br />
palliat anlmila-<br />
DudetiDfius. Irafpeciofosconfiliis fuistitulosrxpc prxtexit mcns fucata ,<br />
ieb,-,s,purpuratfraudumpedicas , pro Reipubl. falute Zelotes fplendicar: ardctcao fipa-<br />
rio revelatisqueoccultismach<strong>in</strong>is, cverfor communis Boni aydit, Pr<strong>in</strong>cipis ac populi tra-<br />
ditor, quiregnum promovetad occafum. Pellucidum vitrum a colorum triadc trigonufn<br />
diciumlridemretert^picturilexhilarat: Solercccdentecolorescxuit , palliumdecegit, quo<br />
credulum nimis oculum decepit. O quoties Pacis Iridcm prsetexit Conliiiariix l<strong>in</strong>gua Prov<strong>in</strong>cixbonumatqueaugmentum,popuIiquicrem:<br />
(SctandemfLiblarvaludir, tScilludit, imo<br />
cum hofte colludit,pcffimus communis boni occonomus ; quia cum domefticam rem proniovereviderur,<br />
tantopejus nocet, quanto m<strong>in</strong>us nofcitur. NulU funt occnltiorcs <strong>in</strong>jidu, cjmm q^^ gYoi,<br />
M,
82 Mctcorologia<br />
QUiESTlO III.<br />
T)e Vorag<strong>in</strong>e ^ HiatUy ^ Halone aut Area feu Co-<br />
rona.<br />
pRo diverfitate apparentium colorum , qui fpeftantur <strong>in</strong> aere, & figurarum, quasexhalationes<strong>in</strong>eum<br />
evedti <strong>in</strong>duunt , cont<strong>in</strong>git, ut <strong>in</strong> fublimi diverte rerum fpecies &<br />
imag<strong>in</strong>esappareant, <strong>in</strong>terquasprimaoccurritvorago&hiatus, (ive chafma, de quo<br />
fit<br />
Concl ufio prima. Chaf<strong>in</strong>a efl: meteorum apparens,rpeciem exhibens a<strong>per</strong>ientis (e & de-<br />
hifcentis cceli,quod tunc cont<strong>in</strong>git, cum ferenu noctemultse exhalationes five vapores <strong>in</strong> fublimij<strong>in</strong><br />
medioquidemdenfiores<strong>in</strong>Orbemverorariores <strong>in</strong>ter lumen aflrorum, 5c noftrum<br />
afpeftumconftituuntur, fimilitud<strong>in</strong>emfbveccexhibentes, qujefimagna fit, vorago dicitur,<br />
fiparva,hiatus. Caufaveroapparentisprofi<strong>in</strong>ditatiseft, quoniam, quanquam tequabiliter<br />
l<strong>in</strong>tfitarhujusnubispartes, tamenextremxoblucisprofufionem funt clariores, hoc eft, extremxpartes<br />
funt fubtiliores, (Scalbercunt, acpropiores nobisetrevidentur. Media autem<br />
quj£denfa,&:nigraeft, longiorireceftu<strong>in</strong> profiandum fubfediffe putatur, idquenonaliamob<br />
caufam, quam quod, qu£E clara funt, alboque apparent coIore,ceIeriter vifum moveant, qux<br />
veronigra&oblcura lunt, m<strong>in</strong>useumathciant. llnde<strong>in</strong>geniofi piclores, quas partes<strong>in</strong>fuis<br />
tabulisprofundioresconfpicicupiunt, illosnigro&coeruleocolore exprimunt, eiimque albocircumdant,ubiitaprofunditasquajdamefrevidetur.<br />
Cumveroquidpiamem<strong>in</strong>ens,aut<br />
aliquidafpeftuivic<strong>in</strong>iusreprxfcntare volunt, albo, aut coloribus ei cognatis id cxprimunt,<br />
nigrumautcoeruleum circumquaque adhibentes.<br />
tateteXhiscaufaformalis , & materialis iftarum apparentiarum. Caufa vero efEciens<br />
ipfarum foIeteft"ecafualis, cafii enim accidit, utvapores nigri tubjiciantur exhalationibus accenfis,<br />
itautlumen<strong>per</strong>ipfostranfienscoloretur, &:quod difponantur ita, utfbrment appa-<br />
rentiamhiatusautvorag<strong>in</strong>is,veIaIiorumfimiIium. DeefFeduhorumita loquitur Pl<strong>in</strong>iusl.<br />
2. c. ;7. quod f<strong>in</strong>t prsnuntia <strong>in</strong>gentium malorum, feditionum, defedtionum, <strong>in</strong>curfionum hoftilium,<br />
(Scimmodicarumficcitatum. Qux omnia, fi ultimum demas , rneaop<strong>in</strong>ionQcommenta<br />
funt.<br />
Conclufiofecunda. Halo, Lat<strong>in</strong>isArea,Pl<strong>in</strong>io &: Senecze Corona, eft circulus circa<br />
Solem, autLunam, autaliud quodvis aftrum, quiexprimitur <strong>in</strong> aere <strong>in</strong>cidentialum<strong>in</strong>is ab<br />
aftro <strong>in</strong> vaporem difpofitum , & pro ejus difpofitione varios fortitur colorcs. Nom<strong>in</strong>atur A-<br />
rea^ quoniamare;^ rotundx ferendis frugibus apud Veteres deft<strong>in</strong>atse fimilitud<strong>in</strong>em habet.<br />
Pl<strong>in</strong>ius&ScnecacircuIum&coronam vocant, quiarotunda plerumque conftat figura&fiderac<strong>in</strong>gere^Sccoronare<br />
vidctur. Ruftici hanc impreftionemvocant, ber Sortrtci» ^of/O*<br />
t>eri>crBonitcn€von/ ol)cr&ct5^oitt>0
, exmorbodifccflit.<br />
Philofophico-Politica. 33<br />
debiliii?<strong>in</strong>cidsntes m<strong>in</strong>lis candem illum<strong>in</strong>antv& obfcuram rel<strong>in</strong>quunt. Nonnunquam tamendeticiente<br />
maccrii non <strong>in</strong>tegcrcirculus , fed quxdam tantummodo illius porcio cerni-<br />
tur,<br />
Dices: Incoronisaliquandoapparentvariicolorcs, crgo non diflerunt ab Iride, Refpondeo,<br />
variosaliquundocolorcsapparere<strong>in</strong>coronis, non cotamcnord<strong>in</strong>c ,quoapparcnc<br />
<strong>in</strong> Iride, led ord<strong>in</strong>e plane <strong>in</strong>verlb, (icque etiam adhuc ditHnunt cx hoc capicc, de quo plura , ubi<br />
dc Lridc.<br />
Quxrcsprimo, an halovic<strong>in</strong>us (ideri (It ? Relpondeo: etli proxime (ulusc<strong>in</strong>gere , &<br />
quafi coronare videatur, hoc tamen vi(us noUri i<strong>in</strong>bccillitati adlcribendum, idolum cnim<br />
hoc dire(3:e <strong>in</strong>tra (idera <strong>in</strong> medio acre exiftit.<br />
QuxresSecundd. CurfiequentiiisLunam, quamSolenii aliaveaftraambirevid^atur?<br />
Rcfpondeo: Rationemc(re,quoniam(ubSolenontacile pollunt colligi 6: (ub(iflere tenues<br />
i(Le nubecula.' , <strong>in</strong> quibus halo generari Iblet , proptcr calorcm illius dilTipantem. Reliqua<br />
ver6a{tra<strong>in</strong>firmioremh3benclucem,quamutlem<strong>per</strong>po(I<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>corporc(ubjedto (plendorem,<br />
hujusprxrertimfigura;, cujuscdhalo, etbccre. Lunxautemvis<strong>in</strong>ertior ,quamutdi(cutere<br />
vapores podit, ncque tamen tam exigua,(icut reliquarum flellarum.<br />
Quxres Tertio. Quo tcmpore halo cont<strong>in</strong>gat? Rcfjiondeo: pollAuflri flatumplerumquc<br />
gencrari,v]uoniamtum cradTu^culiexcitanrur vapores, <strong>in</strong>quibus halo taciic imprimipotcli.<br />
Dc<strong>in</strong>de<strong>in</strong>autumno&vere (requentiiisconlpicitur , cum remidiora funtcalor<br />
&irigus,& piushumidarumcxhaIationumredund:!t<strong>in</strong>aere. llnde& nodu (xpius, quam<br />
<strong>in</strong>terdiu producitur, quoniam die calor edfortiorpixlentcSoIe.<br />
Quccres Qiiarto. Cyr iridcs (requcntiLisa Solc, coronx autcm frequentiiis a Luna fiant^<br />
Rclponuco: idcffe, quiaadiridemmajor cxigitur copialum<strong>in</strong>is , quumadcoronam,<br />
<strong>in</strong> quamodicunifurticitlumen<strong>in</strong>f<strong>per</strong>(umvapori,(icqueadhanc (u(iici!;lumenLuna',adilIam<br />
umcn exigitur lumen Solis , a quo tiequentius fit.<br />
Diccs: Sialiquandoficreta,Sole, illam videremus, fednon'tavidemus, ficutvidemus<br />
iridcm,crgo. Relpondco: Iridemvideri,
InLkmh F<br />
hichiU. I ^<br />
fie Imp,<br />
84 Metcorologia<br />
Colliges, (Imilem effe ratlonem coronce, qus videtur aliquando circa lucernas, prcefertUTitemporehumido,vekitCLimHatAu(ter,<br />
utobfervatSeneca. OriturncmpchLTCcorona<br />
cxeo,quodradu!uccrnKreaagantura vaporibus circumfufis, admixtis cum tumolitacibus,<br />
quKprodeuntexiplalucerna, talis autcmcoronaapparet rotunda , licetHammalitpyrami-<br />
quiaradureiraai avaporibusejusdem denlitatisdeferunturad oculum cum eadem re-<br />
daiis<br />
,<br />
fraaione
Philofophico-Politia. 85<br />
mu!i
86 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
t<strong>in</strong>opotidimum, &vef<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>otempore utplurimumapparere,quando nempi^materiamnubis,propter<br />
radiorumefficaciam, nonitaconlumerepocellSol. Sem<strong>per</strong>aucem pluvice ligna<br />
func,quiamagnaparsnubis iiumorisplena elt&eocrallior,denri6rc]uc jquxmox diliblvitur.<br />
<strong>in</strong>guttas, &:Iere<strong>in</strong>pluviameifundit.<br />
Conclulio Tertia. Parelium bene def<strong>in</strong>itur, quod (it Solis imago juxta eum <strong>in</strong> nube<br />
Viia ; diciturenimparelium a Trotpa & «A/oi/ id eft juxta Solem , quoniam fplendore 6c fi-<br />
gurafimiliseftSoli.<br />
Conclufio quarta. Subjedum feu materia hujus phaf<strong>in</strong>atis eft nubes , qus primo debet<br />
eflTe denfa , neomn<strong>in</strong>o radios Solis transmictat, fed uc receptam Solis facicm ret<strong>in</strong>eat, 6c term<strong>in</strong>etmorcfpeculi,<br />
aquoimag<strong>in</strong>esrefle(l.luntur, neqiieenimrefilire, &;recipiocare imag<strong>in</strong>es<br />
folent, nifi ciim imp<strong>in</strong>gunc <strong>in</strong> aliquid , quod ukeriorem earum progrenum <strong>in</strong>hibeat ; quam<br />
obcaufamfpeculisvitreis plumbum averla parte ill<strong>in</strong>itur. Secundo debet efib plana, quia<br />
<strong>in</strong>cequabiles, ar<strong>per</strong>fe&fordida^nonrecipiunc, (icuteciam apud nosres al<strong>per</strong>s, macuIo(Kaut<br />
impolitcc nullam reddunt imag<strong>in</strong>em. Tercio confill;encem, feu quielcentem efie oportct,nifi<br />
enim tranquillaforetnubcs,jamproptermobilicatem & <strong>in</strong>conftanciamnon pofibc <strong>in</strong> eam<br />
imprimi Solis imago , (cd dil<strong>per</strong>gerecur, quemadmodum videmus <strong>in</strong> aqua commmota &: flu-<br />
'ftuance imag<strong>in</strong>es (ic & humida rerum curbaii Sc confundi. Quarto aquofa fit&huraida,<br />
'quia<strong>in</strong> talitacile Solisimagorefplendetiquemadmodum & <strong>in</strong> aqua, cujus naturie cognatse<br />
^nubesfunt, formasreddi videmus, QLi<strong>in</strong>todeniqueSoliadlatera&exobliquo,hoceft, vel<br />
adAuflrum veladSeptencrionem(qu£eA(trologisluncquali lacera Solis ab ortu <strong>in</strong> occafum<br />
'commeantis)occurrat,uttocamSolisfaciemreci<strong>per</strong>e
Philofophico-Politica. 87<br />
ftumvideriirmultiplicatum,ficpote(t Solvideri multiplicatus, eoqiaod<strong>in</strong>ter oculum «ScSolemmedietvaporrclr<strong>in</strong>gens<br />
radiosfolaresadmodum vitripluriumlacierum. Rurlijslicut,<br />
Jiaipiciaslucernampcrlentemvitream<strong>in</strong>terpolitam, prselertim, li exunaparte fit plana, ex<br />
alteralitcurva, videbislucernamduplicatam & arKjuando triplicatam, ficaliquando ,<br />
<strong>in</strong>tcroculum&Solcmponitur vaporadmodumlentisvitrea:, vidctur Solmultipiex.<br />
Qu.ceresrecundd. Quotemporehxxpareliacont<strong>in</strong>gant? Relpondeo: Serena coeli facicsmultisert<strong>in</strong>gcndisSolibuscltapti<strong>in</strong>ma,cumnulliventiturbantacrem,namaventisdillTpanturnubcs,<br />
ut ctiigiem Solis liilci<strong>per</strong>e nequeant ; ut plurimum autem veloriente, vel<br />
occidcnte Solctiuntpropternubemnondumradiislblaribusdiirolutam, atque attenuatam;<br />
quodprxtcrearubr<strong>in</strong>emaut<strong>in</strong>itiumnoctisrolcidusaerrertcxiones adjuvet , 6c rcliadiones<br />
rarillimemeridieaccidunt, quiaSol<strong>in</strong>m;
88 Mereorologia<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Heroicis paternae virtutis exemplis <strong>in</strong>fiftendum.<br />
UT<br />
mali corvi malum ovumi, Ita Aquila nodluas non paric. Caroius Emmanuel Sa-<br />
baudiK Dux<strong>in</strong> detuncli Parentisrolium poficus , feiplum recensexclufo pullo aquil<strong>in</strong>o,<br />
ac aprimisunguiculis<strong>in</strong>SoIisfaciem<strong>in</strong>tuencifimilem dixic, lemmace exprimens : Non<br />
i.egenero, Solis avis aquila dicitur; <strong>in</strong> Solem cnim cotus <strong>in</strong>cencus, Ica Solis semulum, ac-<br />
queAquiI<strong>in</strong>umpullumdicerepofrumPoIicicum,cujusomnis<strong>in</strong>dull:ria eo concendit, ut ParentistaciemfibiimprimatitotLisquefitalterabilio:<br />
autdixerimpotiiis, (ic unus<strong>in</strong>iilo; velucovum<br />
ovofimile, atque Ipeculum non fallax, <strong>in</strong> retribuendo fidele, a Solisradiis iliu-<br />
jftracum tormasprojicic, quascanquamexemplaria,acquever3cesimag<strong>in</strong>es<strong>in</strong>cueamur, Tale<br />
vel <strong>in</strong> ip(b coelo Ijjeculum nacura dedic. Verfils Solem nubecula convercicur; nubcculamSol,aureusillecceliocuIus,<strong>in</strong>tueCur:<br />
&icaduplici Sole aer reiplendec, ut (blem a fole<br />
hauddignofcas, akera/teriusimago: unum replicatum dixeris, aiit duos <strong>in</strong> uno. Parelion<br />
duplicis (blisappsritio dicitur: Parelion eftnlii cum parente par morum fplendor, vicKque<br />
limilitudo, utcumfilium vides, <strong>in</strong> eo parencem agnofcas. Hoc confbrmium fac<strong>in</strong>orum<br />
parclio apud M. Tull. Cic. gloriacus Caco: Ut c<strong>in</strong>teri tx PatribHs',fa M. Cato noflri Cai»-<br />
nis Piiter , qiri illtid lumen frogenuit , ex filio esl nomitjandas. Cic. I. ^. de officiis. Qui haereS<br />
pacernieifxrisacglorije, fittxadionuma^mulator. Sangu<strong>in</strong>em craxic, fic & imago proco-<br />
typi. Gloriatur hlius (e, veiuc radius a fole, hoc genitore haufifTe vitam J &: facere pot-.<br />
cfl, utfefilio Genitor glorietur, Sie enim verborum lenoc<strong>in</strong>iis adblandiebatur Philippo<br />
Maccdo»
I<br />
I<br />
Pliilofophico-Politica. 89<br />
Macedonum Re^i npud Sabcllium Oratov cclebvis : Taccbo , O Philippe , ilKiflv<strong>in</strong>lmam<br />
tuamproliipiam&dirpem, e quadefccndidi: Sileboregna amplillima tibi lubjeda, nihil<br />
dicam depatmisC\tropha'is, quxdeproBigatis <strong>in</strong>imicis reportalli : Hoc ttnnm dixijfcjujficiat^<br />
Filium lehahiiijfe Alexandrum. Neque alio nom<strong>in</strong>c virilis illa Foem<strong>in</strong>a (atque hoc iptb hic locorumnonreticcnda)<br />
CorneliaGvacchovumMatev,apudValcr. Max.l. 4. c. 4. de pau<strong>per</strong>-<br />
tategloriabatur. Qurimenim C^mpana A/.itrcna om.tmenta fua i-tikherrima ficnli ill<strong>in</strong>s oj}cnderet^<br />
mca (nni. Ncc iEgy-<br />
traxit firmonem ., cfuouscjue^e fchoLt redirent libcri: Et /mc, <strong>in</strong>qnit omamenta .,<br />
ptiacastenebrashujusveritatislux latuit. Ptolomxus enim Rcx dicere Iblcbat : Fideri fibi<br />
emnireg»opulchri)is,Rc^isejfe Putrem. FuitqucabHomeroPoccarum <strong>in</strong>geniolillimo, Odytfea:<br />
i4.Caltorlaudatus,qualiaCretcnlibusDeushaberetur, quia Hlios habuic optimis moribus<br />
pra;ditOS. Cai}orHylacides,:i\z,ijuondam <strong>in</strong> CrctenjjhHS iit Dciis coUhatur.,filiis honcfiis. Del<strong>in</strong>e evgo<br />
conqueri Flomere,M<strong>in</strong>ervxnom<strong>in</strong>eOdynex lccundo alloquentis Telemachum:<br />
1'aucienim Filiijimilcs Patrifii/it.<br />
Totenimparcli;!, quotaSoleCxlareo, velutradii,SerenilTimxPvoIes. Duplo Solc fivmamentum<br />
nonnunquam velucet. Duplo Sole Leopoldits velj^lendet, quando le <strong>in</strong> filio, Filius <strong>in</strong><br />
Parentevidet,i(lcprototypon,illeimago,alterabillo,ac itadcfixus<strong>in</strong>illo-,utvelutgenu<strong>in</strong>us<br />
Aquilxpullustocovolatu<strong>in</strong>cjusimitationemconnitatur. Itanimirum fieri addecct, quod<br />
dcBoleslaoquavtoPolonix Regelcvibituv. Patris fui effigiem <strong>in</strong> numi(<strong>in</strong>atc auvco, a collo<br />
pcndulam,geItabat,quotiesm-ijovismomcnti negotium occurrevec, ovi cam vcnerabundus<br />
ac dcolculans admo vcbac , diccns :<br />
Jlatuam,<br />
Avcri.1t benignipmus Dens , fie cjuid cgo <strong>in</strong>dig.mm rcgio tno nom<strong>in</strong>e<br />
QU^STIO V.<br />
Otiidftt Iris 3 qiiieJHS colores , ^<br />
UNiverraphaltnata,<br />
ciens.<br />
horHm canfaefji' '<br />
uti & veras meteoricas impresfiones venuflate ru<strong>per</strong>atldi adeo»<br />
utomniumoculospulcherrimo colorum difcrim<strong>in</strong>e ic vaiietate <strong>in</strong> ie abripiat. Ad<br />
qu.im conccmplandam iple Ecckfialticus cap. ;. adhortatur Philolbphum , <strong>in</strong>quiens<br />
('^de .ircum^ or benedic f«w,
90<br />
Mctcorologia<br />
tbrmantar colores Iridis , quales etiam vidcre quis poterit <strong>in</strong> aqua m<strong>in</strong>utim cadente ex fontibusqulbusdamartiticialibus<br />
Soiem<strong>in</strong>ter&aquamcollocatis. ll<strong>in</strong>cretertViteliius, quod <strong>in</strong><br />
quod:im aquarum pra;cipitio juxta Viterbium, <strong>in</strong> Hetruiia <strong>per</strong>petuo qua-damappareat iris<br />
certoadSolemafpedtu<strong>in</strong>af<strong>per</strong>g<strong>in</strong>eaqux<strong>in</strong>altumialicnris, ergo ut <strong>in</strong> nubeformentur colo-<br />
res Iridis, debet<strong>in</strong>tal<strong>in</strong>ubefuipendiaquaadmodum roris. Debetporro eiie etiam translu-<br />
cida nimirum externa facicqua nos relpicit, fic enim facile <strong>in</strong>jectum lumen imbibit.<br />
Obfervavero, quodejusmodi nubeslumenSoIis excipiatdiflimiliterfecundiimnempc<br />
partium lijarum diflimilitud<strong>in</strong>em, cum alia; t<strong>in</strong>t tumidiores, aliaj fubmifliores , qua^dam craf-<br />
liores, quxdamimbecilliores,&:rariores <strong>in</strong>guttulisiflisf<strong>in</strong>gulis ex radiorum folarium refle-<br />
xione, vel refradione, &c exvarialucis ik umbrte mixtione tanquam <strong>in</strong>fpeculoillamirabilis<br />
arcLis, ejusquecolorum cxprimitur varietas. Nam ex<strong>per</strong>ientia notum eft, lum<strong>in</strong>ofa corpor»<br />
<strong>in</strong>levibus&:poIitiscorporibus,autfimulacra,aut rerumobjcdtarumcoloresefficere, quemadmodummaniteflum<br />
efl<strong>in</strong>vitro, fpeculis,aqua. Quare lequitur<br />
Conclufiotertia. TriplexpotilIimumIridiscolor,puniccus,viridis 6c rubens, quorum<br />
primusfijpiemum,fecundusmedium, tertius<strong>in</strong>timum libi <strong>in</strong> arcu locumvendicat; caofanturtanquam<br />
acaufaetliciente aluce&radioSoliseregioneoppofit<strong>in</strong>ubi rorids&: concavse,<br />
<strong>in</strong>quam illeprojedtus&reflexus^iTiixtusquecumumbrisIridemefKcit. Ratio eft, quia lumendiverl<strong>in</strong>iodeobfcuratumabopacitatc<br />
corporis diyerfos caufat;Colores, undeciim radii<br />
folaresad opacitatem nubisrorid-trefracti diverfiraodeobfcurentur,diverfbs exhibcbuntcolores,<br />
H<strong>in</strong>c quialux obfcurataabopacitatecorporis,<strong>per</strong>quodtranfit, priEfertimcaufateolorem<br />
puniceum, viridem & rubeum, ut ex<strong>per</strong>imur <strong>in</strong> vitro trigono, <strong>in</strong> vulgaribus etiam vitris<br />
plenisaqua,<strong>in</strong> columbarumcervicibus,ideoetiamrefracti tranfeuntes <strong>per</strong> opacitatem nubis<br />
prcefertim exhibent colorem puniceum, viridem & rubeum.<br />
Quceres tamenpromajorirei<strong>in</strong>telligentia, qua:fitcauf3,quodprimuslndiscolor, ideft<br />
illequiad<strong>per</strong>ipheriamaltidimumlocum occupat, fitpuniceus f quem alii citr<strong>in</strong>um appel-<br />
ianf, mediu3ver6viridisfit,&<strong>in</strong>fimuspurpureusf Huicquxfitoiatisfijcit Conclulio tertia,<br />
na<strong>in</strong> probabilc eft , hanc diverfitatem oriri ex eo, quod 1 uir.en refledatur ex diverfa nubis profunditate,namubiradiusprimam<br />
<strong>in</strong>greditur nubemcolorardentilIimusefti5(: puniceus; ubi<br />
radiusidempenetravitpaulo aItiiis,debilitatui-,&: <strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>ferioremnubis fu<strong>per</strong>ticiem multa opacitare&umbrisguttarumimplicitusreditviridisversusoculum.<br />
Longius de<strong>in</strong>de adhuc<br />
adaclusversLisnubisprofundum,tenuioriadhuclucepurpureus feuviolaceusemergitpcr<strong>in</strong>fimam<br />
arciis curvaturam. Nec improbabi lis eft etia<strong>in</strong> ratiojquam aliireferunt ex Scaligcro<br />
qui vai-ietatem colorum tribuunt difcrim<strong>in</strong>i vaporum.<br />
Conclulio quarta. Quamvis valdeprobabile elfejudicemus, <strong>in</strong> Iride videri lumen ipfum<br />
aSoleprodudum, <strong>in</strong>nube
Philofophico-Politica. 91<br />
Collif»iturtcrti6: Flavumcolorem, qui etiam io Iride obfervatur, non efficerediverlum<br />
lcmicrrcuiuiujpunicco &viridi,utpotequi eftcftmmixturaviridis & punicei, cx quorum<br />
<strong>per</strong>mixtione nalcitur, Eodem modc licet alii alios adhuc numcrenc colores m Iride,<br />
omncsta<strong>in</strong>cn illicunium ("ecundariilunt, & m<strong>in</strong>us pracipuJ , utpote commifluru; primario-<br />
runi colorum. . . ^ , ^<br />
, • • r<br />
Colligiturquarco: Quodficutcaufam cifeaivam<strong>in</strong>disSoIemelledicimus, ita OcLuna<br />
qunndoqueeam crticerepoterit. llnde iridesalix appellantur lblares,aliaclunares, qua- ex<br />
<strong>in</strong>enrePhiloibphi a lolaribus ditVerunt , quia lunares lunt rariores Sc verd unicolores. Rario- rijl. ariMi<br />
resquidem, quiii Luni nili plena lit , vix vires habet ad penctrandam paulis<strong>per</strong> Sc coloran- So. his<br />
damnubem. V.TimontamencScaliitellantur, fepe a Cevilas enTeirideslunares. Unico- tanmnf\<strong>in</strong><br />
joreseciamtercluncquialanguor radiilunaris non alce penctrat opacitatemnubisjfed<strong>in</strong>ru- ceitftje irf<br />
<strong>per</strong>ricie tanciim ejus albentequadam&tracta luce fplendet.<br />
ddijji<br />
COiNCLUSlO POLITICA.<br />
memo'<br />
rat.<br />
Fcedera ciim cxternis pacem confervant.<br />
COeliannuIusiriseft, terram ccelo dcfponfat, dillitajungic. Ut autcmpacislymbolum<br />
lem<strong>per</strong>arcuscoelellishabebatur, itacxternorumPr<strong>in</strong>cipum amicitia ac confbederatione,<br />
9^<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
re, ac im<strong>per</strong>ii pr<strong>in</strong>cipio ad <strong>in</strong>eundam cum Exteris unionem armorum 8c animorum compara-<br />
vit. EmmanuelienimLudtaniteRegitleonoram; QiriltiernoDania;, Norvvegiar, Sueciae<br />
Kabellam •, Ludovico Pannonite Bohemia:que Regi Mariam (brores fuas matrimonio colloca-<br />
vit. Ferd<strong>in</strong>andoautem Fratri praedifti Ludovici fororem (qua aff<strong>in</strong>itate duoilli regna lu-<br />
cratuseft) defpondit: fibiveroIfabellamLufitani Regis filiam copulavit. Quibus aff<strong>in</strong>itatumfbsderibusadtantumamplitud<strong>in</strong>isacpotenti£eapicemeveftus<br />
eft, ut non foliim fubditos<br />
<strong>in</strong> officio cont<strong>in</strong>ere; quod fatis teftatum faciunt crebrs ad Hifpanos,Belgas, Germanosquecontentiones:<br />
verumetiamvic<strong>in</strong>orumhoftium barbaros impctus&conatuscomprimeret,frangeretque.<br />
Clara funt nom<strong>in</strong>is hujusargumenta Gallicum & Italicum, Hetrulcum<br />
8c Saxonicum, Pannonicum Sc Bohemicum , Lybicum feuTunetanum, 8c Mexicanunh<br />
acAfricanumfeuAlgerenfebella, quibus adeo fubjedasfibireddidit univerfas nationes, ut<br />
immanisille Chriftiani nom<strong>in</strong>is hoftis tanquam Numen quoddam, vel natuKE miraculum<br />
.<br />
, Carolum revereretur, actbrmidaret. Itavidelicetprobatumeftilludcommunis jf.<br />
Juris efFa-<br />
'^;?" , tum, atqueLaftantiilententia : Ckmenim<strong>in</strong>ter ms cognationemqmndamipfa natnra conflitucrit^<br />
I, ' tideoqtte prajidii caitfa bom<strong>in</strong>esficietatem citm hom<strong>in</strong>ihpis <strong>in</strong>ier<strong>in</strong>t & fanxer<strong>in</strong>t , fcedHS iUud k Pr<strong>in</strong>cipiojui<br />
'. A orttis<strong>in</strong>ter hom<strong>in</strong>es <strong>in</strong>itnmviokre-, atit nonconfervarefummHmnefasputandum efl. Hac pra:ceptio-<br />
"V ncprobeimbutusScipio Africanus,Polybioreferente, nihilita foliciti^curabat, nifi ut alio-<br />
. rumamicitiasfibidev<strong>in</strong>ciret. JVam regna egrtimijtte eHJiodia-<strong>in</strong>on tamtnrrihits (Socr^tedocente)<br />
fropHgnacalis, aitt mxnibns-) armis ant fatellitibus-, quamamicorHm prajidiis ajfcrvatur. Noftiplu-<br />
'<br />
vialium aquarum, autplurium tenuium torrentium confluvio iiumen <strong>in</strong>tumefcere, quod<br />
trantvadari non poteft. Itavirtusunitafortior^&velapesjunaisaculeis <strong>in</strong> turmam coeun-<br />
Poljh.l. 2, ces exercitum<strong>in</strong> confufionem agunt. Iterum Polybium, loquentem audire placeat : Optime<br />
& propojita <strong>per</strong>icttli magnitnd<strong>in</strong>e ac vic<strong>in</strong>itaie pelliciunt<br />
atias respublicas vel regna pountijftma i)ijuam ficietatem. Armorum, animorumque conjunftio,<br />
Jibi conjidunt respublicie tenHiores-yqM£.prudentes -,<br />
hicmnrns aheneus ejio,<br />
PRKter<br />
QU^STIO VI.<br />
'De figura iridis ^ earum numero,<br />
vulgarem iridem folarem verficolorem folent nonnunquam etiam aliK folares iridescont<strong>in</strong>gere,<br />
vclutialbs, aureoluteai&rubrx. Albastres fe obfervafle narrat, D.<br />
MenizeliusAnn.^. Ephem.Germ. dec. 2. aitque potifHmum tempore Jequ<strong>in</strong>odtiorum<br />
prarfcrtimautumnaliumaccidere; ratioefTepoteft, quodfolaresradi<strong>in</strong>on <strong>in</strong> rofcidam<br />
6cguttisgravemnubem, fed<strong>in</strong>tenuiflimumtantumvaporem<strong>in</strong>cidant. Aureoluteas D.Moeten<br />
pluTcs (e vidifFe<strong>per</strong>hibeta Sole jam occidente ex oppofito horizontis defcriptas,cum nubes<br />
pariter illo tempore ad aure^E aurors exemplum effenc <strong>in</strong>auratje , unde ex revcrberatione<br />
hiccoloriridiafFundipotuit, Rubeam quoque iridem annotafFe , idem fupra memoratus<br />
Menzeliusmem<strong>in</strong>itdieig. Odobr.i677.ve(<strong>per</strong>i, cumSoljamoccubuiflet; caufam efficientem<br />
hujus ftatuitauroram vef<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>am, materialem vero vapores crafix)S firigore<br />
^nubibus<strong>in</strong>termixtos. videEphem.Germ. 2. Ann.j.obferv.f,<br />
conftridos<br />
Quceres primo : cumaerubiquefitplenusnube , curnonubiquemirabilisillacolorura<br />
varietasappareat, fedfem<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>circ<strong>in</strong>umdudamedietatem circuli exhibeatl Refpondeo:<br />
TationemefFe, quia, utdiximus, phafmahocgeneraturcum radiorum folariumreflexione,<br />
quas reflexio a nubenonfit nifiversusl<strong>in</strong>eam illam, qusducitur a centroSolis <strong>per</strong>centrura<br />
noftrioculi&iridisipfius; patetenimex<strong>per</strong>ientia,nonvideria nobis iridem,nifi fub iftiusmodii<strong>in</strong>ea;<br />
item&
Philofophico - Politica. 95<br />
tunda&rphcerica, Ratiover6,curobIiquos&non direftosvideat, efl:,quiadireftorum radiorumlpeciesnimialuceimm<strong>in</strong>utx&diilipatxveniunt,<br />
namutaitP. Aquilonus 1. i. Opti.<br />
cor. propol!^;. Ideocolorcorporisadmoilumcorufcaniism<strong>in</strong>us fpectabilis eft , quam cu-<br />
jus lux m<strong>in</strong>or elt,nam fulgor oculos peHh<strong>in</strong>gcns colorem obruit, quo m<strong>in</strong>Qs vifum teriat.<br />
H<strong>in</strong>cdeducitur,cau(am, curiris fit rotunda, non bene exeo capite alTTgnari, quia efl<br />
imago| Soiis ab ip(b Sole rotundo <strong>in</strong> nube depicla, quia Iris etiam tunc fphxrica apparet,dumSoleclipl<strong>in</strong>patitur,<br />
94<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Quaerestertio. Numetiamcornibuseverfis^hoceftverfuscoelumexporreftisarcuscoeleftesapparerepolI<strong>in</strong>tyRerpondecaffirmativeCorneliusGemmacumnonnullisaliis,quitradunttalesaliquandofelpedalTe.<br />
Verumidem dicendum de his, quod cle iridibus <strong>in</strong>tegri<br />
circulipaul6antediclumeft,caliterenimoriripofrunt,f<strong>in</strong>empe, <strong>in</strong>quit Le Gran, Hiftor.na-<br />
tiir.parte 6. artic. g.folaresradii<strong>per</strong> refiexionem <strong>in</strong> maris aut laciis alicuius fijpcrficicm <strong>in</strong>currant<br />
; modo fit magna a^ris tranquillitas , nuUusque ventus adfit , qui aqLiam commo veat<br />
&<strong>in</strong>3equalemejuslu<strong>per</strong>ficiemreddat: pnefertimfi qutedam nubesilliaqu.e ("u<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>cumbat,<br />
quceimptdiat, neSolislumenredumadpluviam tendensillud, quod aqua eo remittit , fijpprimat,atque<br />
ext<strong>in</strong>guat. Raro tamen talis arcus vifibilis eft.<br />
Quteresquarto. Cur<strong>in</strong> Iride non <strong>per</strong>fefta & <strong>in</strong>tegra Solis imago repiTefi^ntetur, ficut<br />
<strong>in</strong>pareliisfieridocuimus^ Refpondeo: duashujus rei fiabefTecaufas. Primoenim<strong>per</strong>fefta<br />
&<strong>in</strong>tegraSolisimagononexprimiturobrefi'aftionummultitud<strong>in</strong>em, itaenimfbrmsepartes<br />
non fecus ac <strong>in</strong> fpeculo frafto confunduntur. Secundo ob nubis raritacem , Sc guttarum <strong>in</strong><br />
nube ifta rorida m<strong>in</strong>utiftimarum parvitatem , quae tanquam m<strong>in</strong>ima qusdam fpecula fbrmarn<br />
imprefTamnonomn<strong>in</strong>ocont<strong>in</strong>ere pofTuntj<strong>in</strong>pareliis autempropternubis denlitatem,levitatem&cont<strong>in</strong>uitatem<strong>per</strong>feda<br />
Solis imagoconfpicitur.<br />
Quieres qu<strong>in</strong>to : Num plures eodem tempore poll<strong>in</strong>t fimul apparere Irides ? Refpondeo,<br />
Mcetcommuniterunatantum irisfecundariavideatur, numerotamenfimul tres confpeftas<br />
efl"etettaturMazzotal.i.deMeteor.aer.cap.2. Sic etiamtriplexvifaPatavii 1601. die^. Febr.<br />
hora21.tefteGafrendo<strong>in</strong>vitaPeiresk.ii 1. I. Triplicem quoque obfervavit GeorgiusFrancus<br />
menfe Majo Anno i668.<strong>in</strong> Alfatia Su<strong>per</strong>iore. Snellius etiam qu<strong>in</strong>que aut fex vidcri pofTe,<br />
leque obfervafTe teflatur. Hollandi ex illa celebri navigatione ad novam Zemblam <strong>in</strong>ter<br />
cxtera valde admiranda, retulerunt, fcvidiffetres Soles ad Auftrum , fex iridum dilcerniculo<br />
afe<strong>in</strong>vicemabjunftos. Exquibusomnibuscora<strong>per</strong>tum eft , pluralitatem iridum non effe<br />
negandam. Veri;imdifficultaseft,quomodo hxcpluralitasoriatur? unde<br />
Quseres fextb : An,dumpluresapparencirides,immediatefiant a Sole? antequam refpondeam,<br />
obferva, Irides efTe alias primarias, quatenus fcilicetSolimmediacea fe iplo <strong>in</strong> plurcsnubesdiaphanasimp<strong>in</strong>gic;<br />
aliasefTefecundarias, quacenus lux Solis<strong>in</strong> unam nubemimmediaceimpadla,<strong>in</strong>aliam<br />
nubemfimilicer diaphanam reflecticur. Hoc pofico : Relpondeo<br />
prim6,plurespoirunciridesprimaria2 apparere, qux fimul habeanc eorundem coloium leri-<br />
«m&immediacefianc exSolisluceadmixcacumdiaphanoaliqualiceropaco & umbrolopkirium<br />
nubium. Racio eft , quia fi Sol medium coeli ceneac , & nubes ad impreffionem iridis<br />
apcae alcera fit ad ortum, altera ad occafum,tunc fient duK irides,ciim utrobique fieri non repu-<br />
gnet, &adiddenturomniarequifita,licetnon ambxa nobis videri poff<strong>in</strong>t. Julius Scalig.<br />
exerc.^o.fec^.exiftimattalesgeneraripofre<strong>in</strong>diverfis feparatis nubibus, quarumalix funt<br />
altiores, alise humiliores. Cont<strong>in</strong>gitautem hoc, quando vapor vic<strong>in</strong>ior terra; longe denfior<br />
eft., accompresfior,quamcircumf(srentia nubis fu<strong>per</strong>ioris; tuncenimdift<strong>in</strong>ftumefficitfpetulum<br />
a nube fu<strong>per</strong>iore, Sc reflexionem dift<strong>in</strong>dlam , quod tamen valde <strong>in</strong>ficquens eft.<br />
Relpondeofecundo.plurespofTuntiridescomparere, quarumuna foliim fitprimaria,<br />
alia fecundaria; quceefficiunturrelationefiverefIexioneprimari£e, poteft enim iridi opponi<br />
vaporaliquisfpecularis , qui repraefentet colorem 5c figuram iridis; & deducitur hoceo,<br />
quodlecundaria-iridesobfcurioresf<strong>in</strong>t,<strong>in</strong>verf6squehabeantcolores, qui enim <strong>in</strong> pr<strong>in</strong>cipc<br />
illafummuseftpuniceus, hic<strong>in</strong>fecundariaeft<strong>in</strong>fimus,qui<strong>in</strong>fimus<strong>in</strong>primaiia, is<strong>in</strong>fecundaria<br />
eft fiirp'"'-'^! lauz viridis fem<strong>per</strong> maneat <strong>in</strong> medio , nulla vero alia hujus rei ratio reddi poteft,<br />
nili quodfecundav. g. irisfitvelutilpeculum primiE, quia<strong>in</strong> fpeculis Cxpt objefta <strong>in</strong>vertun-<br />
tur , uc dexcrum appareac f<strong>in</strong>iftrum, Sc e converfo : Ec ficuc ex uno fpeculo fit reflexio <strong>in</strong> aliud;<br />
ficfieripoceftreflexio iridis ab una nube <strong>in</strong> aliam.<br />
PErft<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Sangu<strong>in</strong>isclaritas fa6tisprobanda.<br />
omnis <strong>in</strong> illo nobiUtas-, cujits Uusefl<strong>in</strong> orig<strong>in</strong>e (ola : canic Lucanus. Quoc, quaefbtC, al-<br />
tiororigo,quamcirculiilliustricoloreradiovariegati,& quafi annuli (ponlalitii^quocae-<br />
pironem. lum terrce jungicur ? opus eft, aureo Piftore Sole exprefTum , cui adfcribas : Solis ofus.<br />
AcquiaipfanihiIadfuiagiccon(ervacionem,femihorari£e lucis oftencatione exfpirat , ac<strong>per</strong>itomnis<strong>in</strong>illanobilitas.<br />
Pr<strong>in</strong>cipum Natalis haud abfbnS Iridislexortulignificatur&iEaMe-<br />
diolanenfib Relp. recens nato Pr<strong>in</strong>cipi Philippi IV.Hifpaniarum Regis Infanci feftivd aggratu-<br />
" lans<br />
,
Philofophico-Politica. 9^<br />
lans,iridern<strong>in</strong>cuniibulisejusjunxit,qiioniam<strong>in</strong>teibclloiumtempen:atesacmibiU<strong>in</strong>atuser:U,<br />
<strong>in</strong>rcribens: i'»rernuhilagratior. Atnumratiseft,tamprxcellumortumcluxiflc,ceiasque&; <strong>in</strong>lignia<br />
longo ftemmate numerare )<br />
Scttecd m<br />
Of*i ge»Hsjaclatfuum , alieHH lAudat, Scn. llcrc.fnr^<br />
29. , • V<br />
Propriaaccedatvirtutiscommenciaticfa^Visqucprobetur, fangu<strong>in</strong>em nobilem <strong>in</strong> venisbullire.<br />
Nohilitarenof/ai/ipropriavirtuspoteJ}., Maximiliani Auftriaci Cxraris refponfum erat, ad<br />
quendam, qui nobilitatis <strong>in</strong>fignia auro venalia expetebat. Romani profedlo hoc fcnlerunt<br />
<strong>in</strong>cujuscun>.]ueanimoviitus<strong>in</strong>e(ret,eiplurimumefre tribuendum, teftis eft VeliejusPaterc.<br />
NequcnovushicmosScnatuspopuliqueRomani eft, <strong>in</strong>quitillc, putandum enim reipla eft,^//. Pat,<br />
quod optimum cf^St (it nnbilillimum, Ait enim Sat)'ricus: l,i.<br />
Tota licet veteres cxornent undicjue cer^t<br />
Atria :<br />
nohtlitas fola eji atcjue unica virtus.<br />
Pccudumnobilitaseftbonaacfirmacorporishabitudo, <strong>in</strong>quit Democritus, & cquus velocitateprobatuti&canis<br />
venaricus,fiodoreferas<strong>in</strong>dagat: hom<strong>in</strong>um autcm nobilitas morum<br />
eftbonitas. Filimi! (certans<strong>in</strong>a£;oneNobiliftimusParens , Ncapolis Pro-Rcx fridericus,<br />
Xobilillimo filio CalabriiE Duci pro teftamento monitum reliquic) honeftis te excrciriis & la-<br />
boribus trade,necprx'pofterisfrangerevoluptatibus, nec<strong>per</strong>iculisaut difficultaribus tcrrere.<br />
Anenimnelcis, nobilescunas,triu<strong>in</strong>phalcscurrus, aureanom<strong>in</strong>a, iramortalem iamam, non<br />
nobilitaris,("edvirtutis prjcmium elfe^ Quiprimusclara<strong>in</strong>(ignia,heroum lanccas,ga]eas&plumasgeltavitianexrangu<strong>in</strong>ehiecnobilitatistrophxatraxit<br />
^ non ex fangu<strong>in</strong>etraxitjnamprimusnonerrct,fedexheroicofac<strong>in</strong>ore.Nec<br />
Hcrcules Lconisexuvias<strong>in</strong>dutuseft:, quiaLconc<br />
natus,rec|quiapropiioMartcLeoncmpclleexuit, proprix virtutis tegumentum comparavit.Prsmiorum<br />
regula menfura eft mericorum. Afpice hos <strong>in</strong> profanos Deafhos conditione<br />
clevatos,illos <strong>in</strong> Rcgnorum Adantes , iftos <strong>in</strong> bclli f ijlm<strong>in</strong>a prxpolitos : Illis vjcarix demandatxfijnthabenx,<br />
iftisPrimatum <strong>in</strong>cumbunt tituli. Sibeniiccdit, virtutis fuftragio funtpromoti,non<br />
fangu<strong>in</strong>is claritate. Vere Nobilis fe fadtis p rcbat : nam verum eft iUud Solonis apud<br />
Aufonium: PulchriHsmulioparAn\qu'»mcrear<strong>in</strong>ohilcm. QU^<br />
,
96<br />
Mctcoroiogia<br />
dU ^ S T K) VII.<br />
De reliquis proprietatil)HS , ejfeclu ^ rtgnificatione<br />
i ridts.<br />
COnclufiopniTia. Maximoelridlslatitudo fivediameter aliquando cft , fedvalde raro<br />
unius horanimiHiaris; altitudovcroejusaterraelHerduniusdimidii milliaris , tjuia<br />
vixlbletalciorefTeiris, quam<strong>in</strong>itium medixregionisaeris. Patcrvero MuurusfUtuic<br />
alticud<strong>in</strong>emlridiseiregraduum^f.ut fe quadrante deprehendifFe afTerit. Rationem<br />
ttadit Cabelus 1. 5. tex. 2f . quxft. r. qux poteit videri apud ipfiim, Ex quo deducit , quod , quo<br />
remotioraboculoeftnubesrorida, <strong>in</strong>qualbrmaturiris, eolris fitmajor >Sc pars majoris circuli.<br />
Racio eft , quiaexduobus (emicirculis, quorum unus <strong>in</strong> Ipatio centum paflbum<br />
app.ireat altus gradibus,4f, alius appareac altus totidem gradibus <strong>in</strong> Ipatio paiiuum ducentorum<br />
, fecundus eric multo major , & alcior primo ; ergo idem cont<strong>in</strong>git <strong>in</strong> iride, Et<br />
confirmat, quiacumquadrante menfuramus alcicud<strong>in</strong>em curris, quomagis accedimus , eo<br />
pIuresgradusakitud<strong>in</strong>isexhibet,quomagisrecedimus, eopauciores gradus exhibet aJtitud<strong>in</strong>is.<br />
Deducit fecundo, cur iris fequi videatur fugientes, nempe, quia cum fummitas<br />
iridisdebeatlem<strong>per</strong> habere a:qualem altitud<strong>in</strong>em, cimi accedimus, iris apparet <strong>in</strong> parte nubisdiftantiore,CLimrecedimus<strong>in</strong>parte<br />
prop<strong>in</strong>quiore. Ex quibus & hoc lequitur, Sole al-<br />
tiore deprimiiridem,eo depreflb atcolli , adeoque pro Solis alcicud<strong>in</strong>e diverfimode iridem<br />
fituari.<br />
Conclufiofecunda. InquavismundiparceSoleadversus nubempofito, fuisqueradiis<br />
illatn feriente fieri poteft iris , dummodo Solnon fit altior fupra horizontem 4J. gradibus,<br />
totenimgraduum cumfitfcmidiameter iridis,tota ipfafubhorizoncedeprefra efret,necvideripoteft,<br />
fiSolefTettocgradibusaltior. H<strong>in</strong>cergocoliigicur, (arpius<strong>in</strong> oriente & occidente<br />
fieriiridem. CjEterum, ut fpedabilis fit obfervantijnecefTe eft, utfpeclatcrexiftatmcdius<br />
<strong>in</strong>teripfam&Solem, alioqu<strong>in</strong>nonfieret adoculum reftexio. Unde Metecrologi doccnt,<br />
centrumiridis,oculum&SoIemefl!efita<strong>in</strong>eadem l<strong>in</strong>ea recta.<br />
Exquodeducitur,quodirisnonomnibuseadem, fed fuatantumcuique appareactotquc<br />
<strong>in</strong> roridis gattulisjdecidentibus arcus pifti confpiciantur, quot oculi (Lmt, qui versiis<br />
eos diri^uncur, pro<strong>in</strong>de moto cujusvis oculo etiam illi movetur iris. Ciim enim moro ocuio<br />
aliafiacl<strong>in</strong>ea a Sole<strong>per</strong>ocuIumdufta,hiEcautemI<strong>in</strong>ea(it axis illius coni, <strong>in</strong> cujus ibpcrScie<br />
cxiftuntgutcteiridem exhibences,&mutato axealicujusconi,mutariconum neceile eft;alia<br />
igiturericfu<strong>per</strong>ficiesconi,fiveoccupabicaliud fpacium,&:confequenter&aIiam iridcm comparere<br />
necefie eft. Undcquicaputelevat, veIdeprimit,moxiris mutatur, qui ftat, ilii ftat,<br />
qui progreditur illi & iris progreditur , & fmguUs paJJIhHs Itngnlas Irides JfeBimtHs , ut redteloquitur<br />
le Grand. hift. part, 6. arC. 9. M ita nohijcnm ^rogfediit currere , ^are , federe , vel qHiefcere vl- \<br />
cteatHr.<br />
Imocumexgucculispluvialibus<strong>per</strong>pedm ftillantibus a radiis folaribus illuftratisproducaturiris;<br />
f<strong>in</strong>gulisetiammomentisnova eisdem oculisiriscomparere folet, fuccedentibus<br />
nempecont<strong>in</strong>uo<strong>in</strong>delapfarumlocumnovisaliisexnube<strong>in</strong>pluvialiailla fpeculafeferefblven-<br />
le, haudaliteracfluviusidem apparenter <strong>per</strong>feverat, licet cont<strong>in</strong>uo mutetur eo , quod (cquentesaquasprioribusfuccedanc.<br />
De<strong>in</strong>deetiam Solcont<strong>in</strong>uomovetur,ide6que l<strong>in</strong>ca recta<br />
dufta a centro iridis <strong>per</strong> oculum ad ipfum Solem necefTario etiam cont<strong>in</strong>uo mutatur.Unde<br />
f<strong>in</strong>gulis etiam momentis iris revcra alia , & <strong>in</strong> alio loco (pedatori immoto comparere debec<br />
Deduciturfecundo. Nullasnobis p<strong>in</strong>giiridesadauftrum, quianunquam SoltransZenithnoftrumadSeptentrionemdigreditur,utocuIusmeridiem<br />
afpiciens, Solematergo habeat.<br />
Nequeobftat, quod viderianobispofl<strong>in</strong>trescollocaca; <strong>in</strong>ternos 6c fpeculum ; undc<br />
lequividetur, quodvideriiris pofTic <strong>in</strong> nube, quamvis coIlocacusficSol<strong>in</strong>cernos&nubem,<br />
. confequentia enim illa non eft vera, quia lumen Solis <strong>in</strong>ter oculum & nubem <strong>in</strong>terjacentis eft<br />
adeomagnum,utimpediaceoscoloresvideri,ficucimpedicvideriftellas. Obeandemrationem<br />
neque his, qui ultra iEquatorem <strong>in</strong> Auftrali tenx parte habitant iris apparcre poteft versusBorealempIagam.<br />
Frequentiusautem <strong>in</strong> iis locis iridesapparent, ubi (acile afcendunt<br />
rari quidam &; roridi vapores, quitotam nonexpeilantferenitatem, led accipiant &:reddant,<br />
nonext<strong>in</strong>guantSoIisradium, h<strong>in</strong>cflum<strong>in</strong>ibus Sc lacubus, aut udisvallibus<strong>in</strong>cumbentiairidumbrachiafiepe<br />
cernimus.<br />
Con-
Philofophico-Poiitica. 97<br />
Conclufiotertli. Quodtempusatt<strong>in</strong>et, quo IrisutpUifimQm confpicicur, poflautumnalexqu<strong>in</strong>odiumqualibetdiei<br />
horaarcum fieri polFe, obfervatum efl; , circa aflivule fol-<br />
fticium, totdvjue ardace, auc nunquam, auc raro apparet. Ratio dt , quia poft a-qu<strong>in</strong>odliumaucumn;iie,SoIc<strong>in</strong>gredientelibram,diesdecrelcunc,<br />
6c maceria redundat, ^tlbttautemSolcaiidillimusertadurcns&conCumens<br />
nubes, nam Iris nonfic cempore (crcno, nequeitanubiio,<br />
uc Sol lateat. Obquamcaufameciamvere, menfibusmaximi}Apriii& Ma-<br />
jotrequencioreslL<strong>in</strong>c, nonvero hyemeobnubilum 6c <strong>in</strong>validum Soiem. Qvcerum poceft<br />
pcrcoctim orbcm Irisappareremane vel fero; lub Poiisomni hora lonqx iliius lex menfium<br />
diei poceftapparere legmencum aliquod Iridis. Subxquacore cerni poceft Iris cribus horis<br />
ance occafi.im.<br />
Conclulio quarta. Probabileeft , Iridem apibus proficuam efTe ad mel colligendum,quia<br />
poftlridembrevilltmocempore» ucobfervacum eft, lavos conftruunc , qui etiicicur <strong>per</strong> rofcidosiilosvaporesj<strong>in</strong>quibustbrmacur<br />
Iris. Sequences vero etFedus, quos Pl<strong>in</strong>ius I,i2. c.<br />
i4.enarrac, tabulofi limt, quoruni primus eft, quod <strong>in</strong> Iridis term<strong>in</strong>o lcutellx aureae ccclo<br />
dccidua; rc<strong>per</strong>iantur. Secunduseft, quod plancas, arbores, tiucices , quibus <strong>in</strong>cubueric,<br />
etticiacodnr:iciorcs;hujus fijfpicionem<strong>in</strong>deorcamcredo, quod Iride conlpicua ros tcpidus<br />
prata riget,qui tcpoi huiriori<strong>in</strong>ixtusodorcmgignic.<br />
Conclufioqu<strong>in</strong>ca, Significaciolridisaliaeftnaturalis, alia ex<strong>in</strong>ftituto. Phyfice fignificataliquandopiuviam,<br />
aliquandolerenitacem. Evencushujusracio delLimicur a caufis etficicntibiisliidis,<br />
anubciorida&Sole; racione enimnubisfieripoccft, uc pluvixfcquanturj<br />
quando fcilicctradiilblaresimbeciiliores nubis humiditatcm exficcare nequeunt. S<strong>in</strong> autemcaIf)reSolisnubis<br />
humiditas exliccetur, lerenum llquicur tempus. Dc hac fignificationcphylicairidis.<strong>in</strong>quitSencca<br />
lib.i. natur. quxft. c. 6. Non easdcm undecunqueapparuerit,<br />
m<strong>in</strong>as adlcrt. A meridic oi ta magnam vim aquarum vehic, v<strong>in</strong>ci enim non potcrunt<br />
vehemenc<strong>in</strong>i<strong>in</strong>oSoIc, tantum illis eft viiium. Si circa occafutn rctlilfit, rorabit , (Sc leviter<br />
impluec. Siaborcu(i.irrcxeric,rerenaptomiccic, fic cciam iris, quam nullus anceceftit im-<br />
ber, (ignificatferenitatem. Hxctamenpro<strong>in</strong>dubicaco rccipienda nonfunt ; cimi iisfignis<br />
nonrarodecipiamur: quofit, quodPl<strong>in</strong>iusveriiispronunciec; nec pluvias ncc ferenos dies<br />
cum fide ab Iride porcendi. Illud camen obCervatum eft, &: ratione non caret, quod, fi colo-<br />
res Iridis (iib<strong>in</strong>de dcnliores appareant , doncc <strong>in</strong> atram dcf<strong>in</strong>ant nubem, pluvias fequi pofl<strong>in</strong>t<br />
fi paulacim clariores fianc,(S: ica candem evanefcanc, ferenicacem porcendcre. Ex <strong>in</strong>ftitutione<br />
autemdiv<strong>in</strong>a&ord<strong>in</strong>atione, fignumeft,nonfuturiunquam diluviitotiusoibis ,<br />
ut ex c. 9.<br />
Genel! patet. Sunt camen aliqui, qui & hoc putantab Iride nacuralicer fignificari, hac dufti ra-<br />
tionc: Iris, ciimexcaufahumida, nubefcilicec,
98<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Itanimirurn dirriicantiurnliUbernfulrn<strong>in</strong>Limquereditio ad unius lridisexortum,porn:obello,<br />
componitur,acpaxcoeloreditaurea. Sem<strong>per</strong> pacis nuntia , 6c vel <strong>in</strong>ipfo {erme mundi primordio,<br />
Iris liabebatur. Ita Cathar<strong>in</strong>a Medicifia, Henrici II, Gallorum Regis Conjux , libi-<br />
imet embiematis ioco iridem prxfigi voluit , hic <strong>in</strong>fcriptione <strong>in</strong>dgntm: Cum luce ftrenHm.<br />
' Encofniumcerteregia<strong>in</strong>doledignum, cui prx omnibus fanftum firmumque fit , iubditos<br />
non bellorum calamitatibus ac tempellatibus <strong>in</strong>volvere, fed velut pacifica columba oleam referre,<br />
j?acislridemaccendere,&:quantumfieri potefl:, tranquillitatislucem aflPerre&con-<br />
fervare.<br />
ErathocParentisPliilippiadFilium Aiexandrum documentum Rege dignum:y^
Pliilofophico-Politica. 99<br />
emas, Quidenimfeceris, fiexpugnataBelloni Pacis fanum a<strong>per</strong>ia^, confradisquc Martiaiibusfpiculisoleag<strong>in</strong>asnedascoronasy<br />
tL<strong>in</strong>e(ti(limamregn<strong>in</strong>odem(crenabis,tcrravum (ija<br />
ateiicitatedctrudendarum nautragium avertes, CiviumurbiiuiKiueiepuIclirum, <strong>in</strong>colarum<br />
tytannidemicalamitatislliadem,cruentum Trojani equi puer<strong>per</strong>ium l; t<strong>in</strong>ibus tuis adultimos<br />
usque Garamantas profcribcs. Neque deerit tamcn aut ju(li belli ratio , aut exaf<strong>per</strong>anlis,provocantisqueho(tis<strong>in</strong>fuItatio.<br />
Qupdfiadarma coaCtus tucris, qualitcr Otiiomanna<br />
Lunafxpiiis<strong>in</strong> AuftrixSolemeclipfandum cornuaeiigit ,arma arripe, at non ni(i Pacis tludioprehende.<br />
Erittunc g!orio(i(ITmaePacis ccrtid<strong>in</strong>ia (pes, quia nonnifi Deo cntheatus,<br />
juftitiiequei^horacecataphrac^us<strong>in</strong>campum proccdis. Totaequidem tunc Gigantomachia<br />
ruptisorcirudcntibus, totaCyclopum offic<strong>in</strong>a Itygiis e cam<strong>in</strong>is profiliat , omnisBiftonum<br />
fercciacompaclisviribusexiurgatlicet: videbitorbis&: mirabitur, pofTe ex Lunse re(rattione<br />
Pacis Iridem colorari, exitu gloriofo quia non potcft non cum lauro olea crcfcere ,<br />
;<br />
ubiPacisamacornonprovocans, fedprovocarus Juftitite ticulo pugnat , alias quieturus <strong>in</strong><br />
Pace.<br />
QUiESTIO VIII.<br />
De <strong>in</strong>folitis , acmiris <strong>in</strong> aerefimulacris quandoqne<br />
confpicftis.<br />
SOlentquandoqueetfi <strong>in</strong>frequentiiis varia <strong>in</strong>folita oftenta, cujusmodi funt <strong>in</strong>tegri exer"<br />
citus, prxliantiumconcurlus, turmxmilitum&phalanges, claffes armatx <strong>in</strong>tertiudus<br />
cumrcmisvelisque, &his(imilia<strong>in</strong> acrecomparere, quxhaudexiguummortalibusim-><br />
pendcntium<strong>in</strong>tauftorum eventuum metum<strong>in</strong>cutereconfueverunc. Nos prsienti quxftione<br />
circa hujusmodi (imulacra , ac (pedra <strong>in</strong>quircm us , pr.rcipuc quid (<strong>in</strong>t, qua; eorum cau*<br />
lisquid portcndant, (eu (igniticcnt.<br />
Conclulio pi ima. Milicum ac armatorum fimulacra, (idem fentiendum de reliquis) nori<br />
funtoculorumludibvia, fed verequandoqueapparent<strong>in</strong>acre. Patetveritas hujus conclufionisexauchoritatetumSacrorum<br />
, tumprotanovumlcriptorum. Sic 1.2. Machabajoruni<br />
c. f. narrat (acertexcus: concigicautem<strong>per</strong>univer(amJerofo!ymorumcivicarem videridiebusquadrag<strong>in</strong>capcracraequicesdi(currenCes,auracas(toIas<br />
habcnces, & haftis quaficohor-<br />
tes avmacos & curlus equorum <strong>per</strong> ord<strong>in</strong>es digcitos, & congicdiones fieri com<strong>in</strong>us 6cc. fic eciamancequamTicustSc<br />
Romaniobiiderenc&capcrenc Jcrofolymam, dicii. menfis Maji ait<br />
Jofephusl.^.dcBclIo Judaic.cap. 12. poft dies leftos anteSolis occafum vifi (unt <strong>per</strong> <strong>in</strong>ana<br />
tcrri cuvrustotis regionibus, «Scarmatsaciestranantesnubila, &;civitatiGircum(ij(x. Idem<br />
accidic RomscemporeS. GregoriiPontif Max.cumLongobardi <strong>in</strong>vaderenclc.aliam,utipfemet<br />
ceftacur Homil.q <strong>in</strong> Evang. dicens : priusqu."im Icalia gcntiligladioferiendacraderecur ><br />
i2neas<strong>in</strong>c
loo <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
fuo rhilofophiccaudivifre. Velafii<strong>in</strong> Burgundia fpettrum aliquod <strong>in</strong> nubibus apparuifle formam<br />
reprsfentans miiitis armati exerto gladio <strong>in</strong> aere penduli; totam urbem fpe(itaculum hoc<br />
haud modico terrore concuflit, donec attentiiis a Viris <strong>per</strong>itis mach<strong>in</strong>a harc aerea obfervata &<br />
fabuladeprehenfaeft,dumanimadverfum,S.MichaelemEccle(itEfafl;igioimpofitumreflexe<strong>in</strong><br />
nubibus tuifle, ceu <strong>in</strong> fpeculo objeftum.<br />
Eademfpecularisnubiumlij<strong>per</strong>ficiesfieripoterit<strong>in</strong>cidentefrigore <strong>in</strong> vapores tenues ac<br />
pellucidos,aquoconselati&opacati terreftrium rerum fpecies <strong>in</strong> fevelut<strong>in</strong>fpeculura<strong>in</strong>ci-<br />
aentes opportune reffeaent. Llnde Cardanus oblcrvat lib. 14. devariet. cap.yo.fcribens<br />
Aeris oftenta <strong>in</strong> Borealibus regionibus & mira magis & frequentiiis apparent. Similiter,<br />
quodvarixanimaliumvoces quandoque e nubibus prodeuntes audiantur , ideodem modo<br />
<strong>per</strong> voces animalium vic<strong>in</strong>iorum, tefte Kirch. loco fupra cit. <strong>in</strong> concava nube , aut monte re-<br />
flexals fieri poffe. Idem <strong>in</strong>tellige de aliis quibuslibet Sonis.<br />
Conclulioj. Refrad:ionis etiam beneficio fpedra quaedam <strong>in</strong> aere cont<strong>in</strong>gere poftunt.<br />
'5latioeft,quiapoteftalicubiaerimmixtis vaporibusrofcidis denfiorexiftere, utitaobjedum<br />
aliolocoreprs:fentet,quamreverafit; analogia eft<strong>in</strong>nummodemerfo &: exiftente <strong>in</strong> fundo<br />
vafis, qui tamen ob retradionem proximus fu<strong>per</strong>ficiei aquse apparet. Item ficut Sol <strong>in</strong>fra<br />
lioriZontemdeprefrusfupraeundemafFulgereconfpicitur, quatenusfcilicet radii aSole pro-<br />
•cederitcs<strong>in</strong>cidunt<strong>in</strong>vapores AtmofphterEe, ibiquerefirafti attoliunt corpus folare apparen-<br />
•ter fiipra horizontem , ita pariter poterit objeftum aliquod <strong>in</strong> terra vel mari conftitutum etiam<br />
<strong>per</strong>mediumvaporofijmalicubidenfiusitaradiare, utrefraddvideriqueat, alio loco nempe<br />
elevatum&<strong>in</strong>aereexiftcns. Undequando ad lacus Sc maria, ubiaervaporofior&denfior<br />
eft, aliqua oftenta,veluti navigantes <strong>in</strong> aere confpicerentur,cont<strong>in</strong>gere potueru nt.<br />
'Conclufioquarta. Tametfi<strong>per</strong>prtediftosmodosphafmata qutedam <strong>in</strong>folitacont<strong>in</strong>gere<br />
pofl<strong>in</strong>t prope terram , univerfimtamenomnia illa oftenta , quse Conclufione prima obiter<br />
velatafunt, remotioranempe&<strong>in</strong> coelo altiori conftitutam<strong>in</strong>im^, Sc nequaquamhismodis<br />
cont<strong>in</strong>gunt; prioraenimhujusmodifi<strong>in</strong>t, qutenon nificertis ac determ<strong>in</strong>atis locis & temporibus<br />
cont<strong>in</strong>gunt, nec nifi ex certis Sc determ<strong>in</strong>atis locis videntur , nec durant nifi ad breve<br />
tempus; pofterioraverofiuntvariis<strong>in</strong>locis, durant fkpe multis diebus, vidcntur variis ex<br />
locis, afevaldediflltis. Exquibusficarguipoteftprimocum P. Schotto Pliyf. Cur.1.6. c. 2.<br />
Si milites v. g. equites , exercitus,aliaque umilia objedta alicubi <strong>in</strong> terra,aut maris fu<strong>per</strong>ficie exiftentia,radiarent<strong>in</strong>nubes,autaeremvapidum,<br />
<strong>in</strong>deque ad <strong>in</strong>tuentium alibi conftitutorum<br />
oculosretle£terentfpecies fuas; viderenturipfaillaobjedta<strong>in</strong>fe<strong>per</strong>radiosreflexos, prout<strong>in</strong><br />
SpeculisfieriafTolet, velergo funt admodum remota ab <strong>in</strong>tuentibus vel funt prop<strong>in</strong>qua ? fi<br />
valderemota,nonpofruntvideri, autnonnififub m<strong>in</strong>ima fbrma, tametfi prorfus gigantex<br />
fbrentmagnitud<strong>in</strong>is;cumconftet,e6m<strong>in</strong>usapparere objedum, quo magis diftat. Sivero<br />
prop<strong>in</strong>qua funt, ergo dum <strong>in</strong> coelo apparent exercitus <strong>in</strong>tegri ,
hilofophico-Politica. loi<br />
miliiJmquererumiUtiquevisilladeterm<strong>in</strong>ata eftad effigiandas has 5c non illas armorum 6c<br />
fimilium rerum tiguras,curergoolim3liaarm3,3lterius hgurxnaves, &resaliaseffigiabnnt,<br />
qualestunc<strong>in</strong>uiijenmt,nuncautemaltcriusomn<strong>in</strong>6f'orm'X^ Cert^utolim, ita 6c nunc,rerumilbrumtbrmxacfigurx<br />
pendent,aliberoartificumbeneplacito, cuicauTxnaturales ac<br />
rfecefraria; non (eaccommodaut.<br />
Argues fecundo, Rhegii quandoque cernitur illud, quod vocant/
I02<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
ferre pmermitto i cumabannoprcefertim 1681. fimiliumpottehtorum ipfi (peftatores ^ o«<br />
culati teftes limus, haec non ni(i bellicarum calamitatum prxfagia f iiifle, & etiamnum efTe. Se.<br />
let nempe his^Jimilibdscjue prodigiii DELlSpramonere hom<strong>in</strong>esiM erndiat, <strong>in</strong>quit Cabeus-) adimpietatem<br />
dehellankam, & det metiienttbusfijignificationem , tttfugiant kfacie arcHSi^ Ht liherentur dtleUi. Cui confentitAmmianu3Marcell<strong>in</strong>usl.2i.<br />
EthnicuslicdtScriptor,dumait : Amat benignitas NHm<strong>in</strong>isy<br />
fitt^nodmerentHr hgm<strong>in</strong>cSffiH qmd tangitur eornm affeWemt his qtioque ration^Hs prtdere^ quittmpendenU<br />
31.<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
JaGuk 5 ne feriant , prasvide.<br />
jvr yi<br />
UTmagnaCapitacceloprop<strong>in</strong>quiorafunt, ita funt ei magis <strong>in</strong> amore. Nonvultcorum<br />
ru<strong>in</strong>am , fed ut avertere poU<strong>in</strong>t, prcemonet. Faces exponit, ut ad lumen videanc :<br />
prodigiofaprcEmittiteventa, ut fa<strong>per</strong>e doceat : <strong>in</strong>aereconfliftus <strong>in</strong>ftruit, utprofuturis<br />
bellisprtEmaturedifponant. Retrofpice<strong>in</strong>annumif^g. FamianoStrada tefte, illuftri node<br />
gem<strong>in</strong>iexercitus<strong>per</strong>cceknnparata aciedifcurrebant,haftis corufcantibus congrediebantur,<br />
armarefplendtsbant, ftationes mutabantur , volabant (picula, fcuta fcutis coUidebantur;<br />
quafi novi <strong>in</strong> coelum gigantes confurgerent, mutuisproeliis confligebant. Merit6 timoreni<br />
Albano <strong>in</strong>folitafpecies<strong>in</strong>cufterat, &c monentis coeli amorem tuiftc, ut timorem providum<br />
excitaret, eventusdabat. Hsecenimprodigia,utHiftoricus annotavit, Ornagiiexercitum<br />
imm<strong>in</strong>entem , Gheufiorum cJEdes ac latroc<strong>in</strong>ia, longamque bellorum ac miferiarum Iliadcm<br />
' denun-
:<br />
Pliilofophico-Politica. lo^<br />
deiiunciab;<strong>in</strong>t. Noh <strong>in</strong>anis commenti adagium : Prsvifa JacuU mims feriunt, llnde utl<br />
<strong>per</strong>rarahujusmodi oltcnta fr^W/r olympus , galeam crilla<strong>in</strong>que parat providus animus , ac<br />
ut b<strong>in</strong>is oculis cum natura munivit, ita b<strong>in</strong>o capite prxlcntia limul ac tiatura rneditatur. Ita<br />
JacobusIV.ScotixRexcaput biI'rons<strong>in</strong>columnapolitum,p<strong>in</strong>gi tecit, cumlemmatc «//«»>-<br />
^«f, prxfens fcilicetaca-que futurum refpiciam , ut ita fimad utrumque paratus. Si prudens efl Sen.l.d.4.;<br />
Mimustuust tribusremporihus di/j>e'i(etur,(yexb^ Cunt Romani VhWolhphl) pr£fi»ti,i ord<strong>in</strong>a-, futiuA virtHt.<br />
prdvidetprdterit,trecordAre.Qiii^>}ihildefuturopritmeditMurtifi omnia <strong>in</strong>cautus <strong>in</strong>cidit. Inluturaarmatus<br />
tuto illud Aullriaci Cxlaris Rudolphi II. repetet , Adfit. Aquilam enim libi Itatuit, Ipiculum<br />
unguibusgellantem;tela&bellam<strong>in</strong>aris? Tela&bellareponam. Jamenim aquil<strong>in</strong>is oculis<br />
pra;vidi,(Scprovidi: enparatum<strong>in</strong>venies,telistelareponam. Sienimaquila^f/.;,<br />
^DnoIandrJ prxceptio eft : Ut optimus Gubemator , priuscjuam folvat eportu , uavcm omnibus ayma- n^^^'<br />
mentis <strong>in</strong>fruereJuUf^ :tj etiui» providus im<strong>per</strong>ator , cfuocunc^ue ujuiftbi fore VutabitiprdpAret diligentcr.<br />
Hacdiligentia, quiaD. Alvarus deBazzanoArchitalairus prxftantiftimus,navibusfuis,ante-<br />
^<br />
quamadexpeditioncmleacc<strong>in</strong>geret,pro(pexit; dicerelblitus,diligcntiam elletbrtunxmatrem.<br />
Ideocontigit. JoanneBotero id atttltante, illiusCialiemnunquamnonrcdi<strong>in</strong>e viro-Boter.<br />
£tncem. AmaTvichri.icuram, Magui DucisMedicei lyuibolumerat. Undecuivis, livecoe- Ditlor.<br />
lorum,liveregnorumDom<strong>in</strong>oIamiliareeft Maximiliaiii II. ex Auftrix Archiduce Romano- 'wewor.<br />
rumCxLiris: Dom<strong>in</strong>ttsprovidebit.<br />
p-i-fM*<br />
-r^u^ mm- -^:^-:^' '^n^^ '^-sH' ^.u^ ^^sa^^' ^^'
I04 Mcteorologia<br />
rumquemukifbrmijaducommoveri, tumqueventorumportasa<strong>per</strong>iri, cum Jupiter Solem,<br />
Lunam,&Mercurium, auteundemMercuiiumMarsdiametrali radiationeafpexericvel ei<br />
quadrata tlierit conjunilus; velubiuterque<strong>in</strong>lignis acreisfiaerit,aut<strong>in</strong>Gem<strong>in</strong>ib, & Libra;<br />
autciimLuna&Jupiter<strong>in</strong>Ariete&Scorpione pariterfUer<strong>in</strong>tconftituti; de<strong>in</strong>de Lunaa:qua-<br />
bilifbcietatispoteftate cum Mercurio coierit.<br />
Paracelfuslib. de Meteor. cap. f. fblitis fuis nugis afTuetus, ait: Fenti <strong>in</strong> jidUs exiHunt^<br />
& iflizmatres eornmfant. Etpaulo poft: Semeyt-,cx qaoventi nafcunttirteft materiafrima tr<strong>in</strong>m wimo-<br />
rttmiHtfttlph(ir-,fali&liqHor'yh£ctriamaterfmt.y ex quaflatHsproven<strong>in</strong>nt. Et <strong>in</strong>fra: Fidetis aqnam <strong>in</strong><br />
ollaferveijtememittereventHm&iC. pariter FalcanHS ignens exiftens <strong>in</strong>ftellis tria prima bnllire facit pro fua<br />
mtHra-,<strong>in</strong>deventHstxfirgit. Ita ille, qua;,quisnonvideat,nugasefre?<br />
Ariftoteles&Peripateticicommuniterdocent, materiamventorum efTe exhalationem<br />
calidam & liccam. Conimbricenfes tamen traft. 6. Meteor, c. %. afTerunt , non efTe puram<br />
cxhalationem, fed<strong>in</strong>terdumacfrequenteredam vaporesexhalationibus<strong>per</strong>mixtos. Quam<br />
op<strong>in</strong>ionem ego ex his veriorem fentiam,ex fequentibus afTertionibus collige , unde fit<br />
Conclulio prima. Materia ventorum efl exhalatio calida &c ticca. ita Arift. 2. Met. c. 4,<br />
Ratioeftprimb,quiavere&autumno, quandoeft exhalationum copia, maxime dom<strong>in</strong>anturventi.<br />
Secundb, quiamatut<strong>in</strong>otempore, Soleexoriente, ventorum flatus commovetur,<br />
eb quodtuncmulta exhalatio eterra eliciatur. H<strong>in</strong>c fentiuntnautx circa promontoria<br />
vehemenresventos,
Philofophico-Poiitica. 105<br />
biculumacrexterior, nedeturvacuum. Similiter cum <strong>in</strong>cenditur filva , vel agri comburuntur,<br />
folet excitari ventus undique verfus locum <strong>in</strong>cendii, cujus eadem eft ratio, dum cnim<br />
ignis aerem elcvat, vel partem ablLimit, luccedit atfr prop<strong>in</strong>quus , ne dctur vacuum , qui<br />
adeopferumque<strong>in</strong>valefcitduranre<strong>in</strong>cendio, utlongelatequenammadiffundatur. H<strong>in</strong>c <strong>in</strong><br />
Sicilia, uttcflaturSchottuSilub capitis pxna prohibituro , ne ante certum tempus (<strong>in</strong>itium<br />
iicmpeOctobris) Stipulo; a quoquam <strong>in</strong>cendantur , antequam videlicetex hortis 6c v<strong>in</strong>cis<br />
iructusfuntcolled:!. Nec ventihiexhalationesruntab <strong>in</strong>cendioexcitata:, licenim ventus<br />
exloco<strong>in</strong>cendiiquaquaverHimetfunderetur, 6c non ad locum <strong>in</strong>cendiiconriucret. Itcm,<br />
fidomus, autturris, autaiiud quodpiam magnum onus corruit, aercircumftans tam vehe<strong>in</strong>entercommovetur,utvic<strong>in</strong>acorpora<br />
prollcrnat', aut ad Jatus abripiat. Praterea cum <strong>in</strong><br />
aliqua parte tempeftas prxparatur &: cogitur, Iblet excitari ventus accurrens ad tcmpeftatem<br />
cujusratiorurrusdt,quiadumacr<strong>in</strong>locotempellatis<strong>in</strong>frigidatuscondenlatur,aIiusaccunic<br />
adlocumrelidumoccupandum. Qu<strong>in</strong>t6,quiapleriimquemancfubauroramprxrertimdie-.<br />
buslerenisexckaturventuiusquidam iiiavis, qui fcrtur versijs orientem Solem ,<br />
, ;<br />
ut pluri-<br />
mum.Quodideocont<strong>in</strong>git,quiaSolexorienscalorelijoaeremproximumcalelucit,
io6<br />
Mcteorologia<br />
Se„ er, re arrogantia ambitionnem calces. Magnmlmos ms »at,tra produxit, cr glorwfiim mh,s , ac<br />
m 'J' excelftirn^fp<strong>in</strong>tumdediK Sen. In hoc vero magnanimi llimus, quod honorum Rracius <strong>in</strong>lra<br />
i//. nosponimus, &qu^alcaapparent, utvil>acontai.nimus. Oftim,smortalmm ah.JJ.ma [af.r,<br />
"" '^'•'^<br />
TacU<br />
c.fi.<br />
dicebatCa^farTiberius.<br />
At qui abjedta hsec appetit, qu^aue fub pedibusjacent amplexu<br />
^-«- '. ambk an^ilWetit^ annon<strong>in</strong>timishxrecf Rcg.are aMUnnonnoH.fiUno^r.^^^^^^<br />
res & lubiellia qusris^ ad ea contendis, quae abjeaiffimi no<strong>in</strong>mis , ac rulticas appellatioms no<br />
m nibus F iWis & L^ Porciis & Scrotis, Vitellis & Suellis, obtigevunt. Hxc.ergo cOm<br />
Mot. X'a^Vn:^1^.tnoribusrep^<br />
/ I HonoraHtemvr&mmmeflvtrtHt,s,Vh\\oio^homm<br />
Eth nMiavirtusexcellaeft.<br />
1 r<strong>in</strong>cipis axioma ciu<br />
)ri?cum( arolo V.iUoGe<br />
ac Auftriaco Hercule conmtendumeft i<br />
unonltisirm rdeWeria^ det<strong>in</strong>iamus , fed plus ad alta, v.rpdigna,exccllo acquead<br />
Su^liana^animoptnacontendamus. Hxc, qu^ <strong>in</strong>tra pedes jaccnc, pedibus calcate,<br />
optima arrogantia eft.<br />
QUiESTIO 11.<br />
D€ caufaformalh^ efficimte ventortim,<br />
COnclufioprima. Formalis fubftantialis caufa ventorum, eft eadem, quj exhalatienis<br />
vS 7& aeris. Accidentalis eft motus obliquus feu transverfalks agitatio<br />
c rcalefrari RuSprimipatet ex didis, ex his enim conft.tuitur. Ratio tecundi<br />
;W,Srmpolu?m?llud Lidentale, quod ventus dicltur<br />
petmotum,quoftata.v.g.ligneaconftitu.tur<strong>per</strong>hgur*m,undenondebetdiciventusmo_^<br />
,<br />
,
Philorophico-Polidca. 107<br />
veri, quall vcntus Ik fubjeftum motus,cum potius fit enentialitcr ipfemotus , ficut ftatua noQ<br />
eltlubjcctLimrit;ui\E,redfiguranJclTentialiter<strong>in</strong>cludit ; rurfus neque ventus dcf<strong>in</strong>iri dcbet><br />
quod lit Iblumcxhalatio, vapor, vel aer, licut itatua non dicitur edc Iblum iignum. Ex<br />
quibusconllat^nunquampollebisfentiri eundcmventum>quia<strong>in</strong>otuseItaiiquid fluensj undeoptimevencus<br />
dertniri poterit, quod Iitexhalatio,velvapor,autacrcommotus,<br />
Majorcontroverfia eft, circacaufam efticientem obliqui & transverfalis motus , a quo<br />
acr,vapor&cxh3latiohabet,utdicaturventus. Qux qua^ftioadeodifticiiis eft, ut ob illius<br />
oblcuritatem (cabillaabft<strong>in</strong>erefate.aturP. Arriaga D. unic. decoelo, n.75. nos tamen<strong>per</strong>aliquotconclu(ionesrempr£elentemexam<strong>in</strong>abimus,<br />
«Scquidnobis tenendum (it, liabjiciemus.<br />
llndenr<br />
Conclulio fecunda. Angeli non funt ord<strong>in</strong>ari^ caufa efficiens ventorum. Ratio eft, quia<br />
quandoaftignabilis eftcaulaphy(icaprxdidimotLlsobliqui,noneftphiIo(()phiad<strong>in</strong>tclligentias,liveangclosrecurrere,hcrcvcr6<strong>in</strong>traanignabitur,ergo.Dixiord<strong>in</strong>ari^iquiatumex.Vcriptura,rumexSacris<br />
ac protanishiftoriis conltat, Deumexcitare fub<strong>in</strong>de, autregereventos<br />
m<strong>in</strong>ilterio Angelorum,ita Jonx c. i. Dom<strong>in</strong>us mijit ventum magnum <strong>in</strong> mare, Qu<strong>in</strong> «Sc dxmones<br />
ctiam<strong>per</strong>milTioneDei vcncoscommovercpatct exJob.c.i.ub<strong>in</strong>arracur,opedcEmonisrepent^<br />
vcntum vehemenrem irruifl^e .i regione deferci,t5c concusliffe quatuor angulos domiis.Conftat<br />
etiam ex Olao Magno I, ; c. 1 6. ut alibi retulimus , de F<strong>in</strong>nis iSc Lapponibus , eos olim mercatoribus<br />
ventos venalcs exhibuiire, ac tres nodos magica arte confecratos tradidifllsquorum<br />
L foluto habituri eirent ventos placidos, 2. vehemcntiores , 5. vehementiftimos. Sic etiam Sopater<br />
Philolbphus morti adjudicatus ob ligatos vcntos verlu magico,ne annonaByzantium de-<br />
vcheretur. Plutarchusqiioque <strong>in</strong> Lucuilo refhc, cum Mitiuidates Rex Pontivalida clalfc<br />
urbem Cyzicumoblidcret, Pro;eip<strong>in</strong>am(dxmoncm videlicer)no£tc apparuifleAriftagoriE,<br />
acdixiire: Crastubic<strong>in</strong>cmLybicumcumtibic<strong>in</strong>c Pontico committam ; ac diepofteroAuftrumtijroci<strong>in</strong>mumaLybiaadfpirantem<br />
disiecillechiflemPonticam.<br />
Conclufiotertia. NecSol, & viscorporumccelcftiumimmediata ventorum & motus<br />
cbliquicaulaetHcicns eft,ut Aftrologiquamplures tenent. Ratio eft, quia nulla certa lege<br />
flantventijmutancurquefxpiusaliquandoeodemdie; neque<strong>in</strong>eftedibusfublunnribus, ubi<br />
aliquapoteft<strong>in</strong>veniricaulaadcoeleites, &c fu<strong>per</strong>lunares, tutorecurri potcft. Tgiico tamen<br />
caulamremotam<strong>in</strong>tluxumi^^derumcire, utpotcquorumcaliditate exhalationes & vapores<br />
eterra&:aquafublevantur,raretiunt,d:ad.igitationem prxparantur. Prxterea ex<strong>per</strong>ientii<br />
com<strong>per</strong>tumeft,certulyderumcoitione, ortuOkalpei^u maximos ac frcquences ventos fxps<br />
exiftere,undcadgencrationcm,motumqueventorum mulcum .iftrorum <strong>in</strong>tiuxum conterrc<br />
colligimus.<br />
Conclufio quarta. Nec aer ex naturali , ^ <strong>in</strong>nata fua vi agitationem hanc obliquam efficit,utdocucruntStoicicumSen8ca<br />
lib.f.c.fi. Ratioeft, quia vim movendi leab<strong>in</strong>cr<strong>in</strong>feco<br />
folis viventibus natura conGClIit, unde aer de te <strong>in</strong>ers (S: <strong>in</strong>agitabilis eft.<br />
Conclufioqu<strong>in</strong>ta. Etveroprorlusalienaeft op<strong>in</strong>io Kepleri, qui voluit, ,ut <strong>in</strong> priori<br />
quiftioneiuf<strong>in</strong>uavimus,terram<strong>in</strong>gensquoddamanimalefle,&exfpirando,<strong>in</strong>lpirand6queacrem,vcntos<br />
crhccre,
loS <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
dic,quod fipartesleves fLipeiMntgraviores, cum (bmpei alcendant, non apparet , und^tanto<br />
impetu&peturres&sdificia<strong>in</strong>terram venti profternant.<br />
Conclufio fexta. Caufaobliqui motus non cftgyracio raptiaeris <strong>in</strong> gyrum Scoelo moto<br />
aboriente<strong>in</strong>occidentem. Ratioeft, quia (equcretur, omnes ventosab oriente<strong>in</strong>occiden-<br />
temierri, quandoquidemillomotufolum aerrapitur, (iacoelorapicur ; quod tamen eft a<strong>per</strong>tefaKum.<br />
Accedit, quodomnesventiax]ualivelocitate<strong>in</strong> transver(um agitarentur , utpotemotiabeademcauia,<br />
ejusde'mque virtutis.<br />
Conclufiofeptima. Necfolagravitas halituumdefcendentium&occurfus afcenden-<br />
tium,&; <strong>in</strong> fe <strong>in</strong>vicem imp<strong>in</strong>gentium cau(a obliqui motus eft , ut Fromondus 1. 4. Meteor. c. 2.<br />
art.f. afferit, dumdocuitexlialationes&vaporcsrecu<strong>per</strong>atagravitace<strong>in</strong> fecunda regioneaerismagnoimpetutorrentis<strong>in</strong>ftar<strong>in</strong>terramcadere,<br />
quiavero <strong>in</strong> dcfcenfu <strong>in</strong> alios vapores aP<br />
cendentes ortendunt,uti&:<strong>in</strong>aerem,luctancurcumillis, 6c <strong>in</strong>obliquum impellunt, ac cum<br />
illisetiammoventur<strong>in</strong>transverfum, Incidithcec Sententiacumop<strong>in</strong>ioneTheophrafti. Ratioauccmconclufionispr£Eterdi£taeft,<br />
quodilla fbla gravitas & ievitas exhalationum non<br />
f<strong>in</strong>tvencorumcaula, quia etiam <strong>in</strong> fummis montibus, acdiprailloslpirantventi<strong>in</strong>transverfum<br />
adti ; & tamen ibi non funt exhaiationes refta deorfum ruentes, & ab occurrentibus aliis<br />
impedita;, quiadeberentrucreexfuprema acris regione , ubitamen nnn pofTuntgenerari.<br />
Secundo , quia (i exhalationes funt adeo graves, ut tancam edere polliiic ftragem , certe (enti-<br />
retur ilLirumpoiidus, &:haberetden(itatemaliquam; ficutnubesnon funcgraves, nififiant<br />
etiamdenlx. Accedit,aquammulto gravioremeffe, quam exhalacionem ; &tamen non<br />
ruit cum tanto impetu. Denique ventus turb<strong>in</strong>es <strong>in</strong> terra facit, furfum rapienspulverem: ergonon<br />
efttantiimexhalatio cadens <strong>in</strong> terram. Dico tantum, quia, quod pr^didajuvent<br />
quandoque admotum obliquum halituum , ultro admicto.<br />
Conclufiooftava. Nccfolararefa£lio,aut condenfitio aerisacalore vel frigorecaufata<br />
ventum excitat ; quemadmodum voluic Averfa, qui lic philofophabacur, quando rarefic<br />
fubitomagnaparsacr-is, nv^ceflariopropellitante (e aiium aerem , &: hicrurfusalium , &ita<br />
ventus excitatur; fimiliterquandocondenlaturmagnaparsaeris^debetnecefTarioftatimfuccedereatiusaer,<br />
(Scficparicercaufaturventus. Ratioveroconclufioniseft, quiafihtEceffet<br />
adcEquatacaufaomniumventorum,fequereturomn<strong>in</strong>o, ut optime P. De Rhodes obfervat,<br />
quodpaucioresefTentventiautumno&vere, quam a"ftate & hyeme , quiam<strong>in</strong>ortunceftra-<br />
retadlio , quam xftate,iSc m<strong>in</strong>or condenfatio, quam hyeme. Accedic , quod, dum rarefit aer.,<br />
<strong>in</strong>omnempartemexpandacur, undeventusnonflabitunquamab una fblum parteabAuftro<br />
nimirum,velAquilone; fedxqualiter<strong>in</strong>omnempartem,<br />
Conclufionona. ReIatisaliorumfententiisdicendumigitureft:Caufamdetorquentem<br />
halitus<strong>in</strong>obliquum, ac ventosefficientemnonelTeunamfem<strong>per</strong>, fed aliquando illam, alias<br />
aliam, frequentius tamen & univerfalius efle tum raretaclionem & condenlationem , tum impetum,<br />
utcommunis Peripateticorum op<strong>in</strong>io eft;impetum, <strong>in</strong>quam, halitibus a frigore &:den-<br />
litate medixregionisaerisimprefll.im, dum enim halitus a calore Solis accenuati (brfum tendunt,&mediamregionemaerisf'rigidam,vaporibus<br />
&: nubibus refercam offendunt; abilla<br />
tanquam<strong>in</strong>imicovaIderepelluntur,nuncad obtulum furfum, prout nimirum figuratus eft<br />
vapor,&: nubes frigida, quam ofFendunt. Cuius ulterior ratio eft, quiacum horum halituum<br />
materia fit levis & aerea,h<strong>in</strong>c ubi repellitur, reda deorfbm defcendere non poteft , fed i n obliquumdetorqueturobmixtummotum<br />
violentum & naturalem, quam naotus ©bliquitatem<br />
adjuvat fbmorum nova foboles cont<strong>in</strong>uo afcendens, & priores exhalationes impellens. H<strong>in</strong>c<br />
tamvariiexfurguntmotusventorum; utaliquando<strong>in</strong>lbblimi<strong>in</strong>nubesdom<strong>in</strong>entur, cumtamenapudnosomniaf<strong>in</strong>ttranquilla<br />
; aliquando <strong>in</strong>feriora fiisquedeque vertant, cumtamen<br />
fu<strong>per</strong>icra tranquilla f<strong>in</strong>t.<br />
Sententiade rarefaaione, qusemihivaldearridet, probari & explicari duobus exem-<br />
plis poteft. Primum vulgare eft de tormentis ceneis, ubi conclufus ignis magna vi exilit,<br />
non poceft angufto fpatio capi, unde totum illum fia-<br />
quia<strong>in</strong>ampliorem difFufus molem ,<br />
gorem&motumetiamtransverfumefficitrarefadioignis<strong>in</strong>fpatiumappofitumtubiorificio;<br />
ergofimiliter<strong>in</strong>clufaexhalatio, vclaqua<strong>in</strong> cavernis terrEe , fi rarefiat ex anguftis illis locis<br />
prodiens,movevipoteritoblique. Alterumadhucfimilius exemplum habet Vitruvius l.i.<br />
c. 6 fiuntenim Aeolipiljc xrece ac cavje ; habent illae punftum anguftifl^Tmum , quo aqua.<br />
<strong>in</strong>lbndipoteft, collocancurque adignem ; ill« limul cumkrvere cce<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>t, efficiunt <strong>in</strong>gentem
Philofophico-Politica 109<br />
gervtemfliitum ,ventoquam fimillimum : icaparitcr judicare licet Sparvulo, hrevilTimoque<br />
IptrculodcmagniscxEliventoruiiiquerationibus ; namut aqua raretada <strong>in</strong>xrca illapila <strong>per</strong><br />
anouftiastbram<strong>in</strong>is (e cxfpirat, licacr,at]ua, exhalatio (Libita raretadione diffluunt <strong>in</strong> ventum,<br />
quamvis,utrupramonui,rarctadio hcEccau(aadsquata ventorum non (it. CxtcrLmi<br />
fimilemglobumKircherustocoadaptavit, qui lexcarnium libras <strong>in</strong> veru igni admocas vcr-<br />
tendoanavit.<br />
Colliges, aeremetiamquandoquecommoveripofTe afluvio,velalia aqua decurrentc,<br />
cumquaunarapiatur. Patethoc bella ex<strong>per</strong>ientia tornacum , <strong>in</strong> quibus absque tbllibus,<br />
<strong>in</strong>gcncemventum ii^niexcitandomechanici concitarelblent hocmodo:aquamcx:iItioriloco<br />
cum impetu rucntem ligneo meatu vel canali ita excipiunt , ut aliqua tamen canalis pats ab<br />
aquavacuaremnicac; cumoscanalis<strong>in</strong>vas<strong>in</strong>tra<strong>per</strong>curumdenv3nc,cur.<strong>in</strong>tque,utaquacum<br />
impctu <strong>in</strong> illud decidat. Cont<strong>in</strong>git enim, ut aiir, qui aquiE <strong>in</strong>cumbit, una cum aqua <strong>in</strong> vas de-<br />
Huat,&quiacana!isex(u<strong>per</strong>iorip'arteIatioreft:,&: alius fu<strong>per</strong> alium cumaquairruente ruit,<br />
comprimiturillc<strong>in</strong>tus<strong>in</strong> va('e,(5c<strong>per</strong>tubumt'urnoimmiftum propcllitur <strong>in</strong> igncm ,<br />
eumqu»<br />
<strong>in</strong>uItoequidemvehementiLis, quam (iatblle exprimeretur, concitat. Aqua vero ex tundo<br />
va(]s<strong>per</strong>tu(befHuit, utalteri<strong>in</strong>uentilocumrel<strong>in</strong>quat.<br />
Quxresadhucprimo : Cur ventus, ciima pr<strong>in</strong>cipio move.atur<strong>in</strong>plura latera, de<strong>in</strong>de<br />
ret<strong>in</strong>eatmotum<strong>in</strong>unicamp.artem, RcCpondco: RationemquandoqueefTe, quiaexhalatio<br />
apta ad cont<strong>in</strong>uandum ventum, protcnditur (b\iim fecundiim unam pavtem e. g. ad dexteram.<br />
Secundo tierihocpoteit, quiaex unaparte exhalacio refleditur, & repellituraliquoimpedimento,e.g.fi<br />
cogaturcxhalatioad lateramontis, &motumconcipiat,montiappuirarepellicur,acqueadc6nonconc<strong>in</strong>uatmotumversus<br />
Kitcra montis ,aliquando ctiam ut diclum eft',<br />
rcpellitur a nube. Si vcrb cont<strong>in</strong>gat cxhalationcm .vqualiter expandi <strong>in</strong> omnia Iatera,& non<br />
<strong>in</strong>venireimpedimencum,conc<strong>in</strong>uabicmocum <strong>in</strong>pluresparces , 6c ficuc abuno tbncepoftunt<br />
oriripluresfluvii, fic ab unofbncccxhalacionis oriencur plures venci ; acque ut<strong>per</strong>fiftamus<br />
<strong>in</strong> eodemcxemplo, (icutpoceftaquaexcodemfbnte derivari<strong>in</strong>plurespavtes, <strong>in</strong> quarumaltera<br />
arefcat, eb quodnon accedantalixaqux, <strong>in</strong>altevaverdaccedentibusaliis ajquis evadatia<br />
magnumflumcn,ficpoteft accidere <strong>in</strong> exhalatione.<br />
Quxresfi^cundo, quopacloventus ceiret ^ Refpondeo : CefTave pofTe primb cx eo,<br />
quodcxhalatiomadetadta a pluviaamittataptitud<strong>in</strong>emadmotum; fecundo,exeo, quodcx-<br />
halatio disfipctur, fpiritus enim <strong>in</strong> motu, dum eorum pars adhjcrefcirterrx , «5c aliisrebus, ia<br />
quas imp<strong>in</strong>guntjpaulatim dit<strong>per</strong>^luntur,
iio Mctcorologia<br />
/. /. (ie Re- frimttHr (eft Romanx eloquentiae effatum) <strong>in</strong>veterMHmfit plerHmqnt reiK^iM, Et plantulx fir*<br />
w
PRo<br />
Philofophico-Politica. III<br />
Q^U^STIO III.<br />
De numero ^ 'varictate njentorum.<br />
<strong>in</strong>telligentia meliori rubrequencium conclufionum, prcEmitcendum duximus prim6,<br />
nom<strong>in</strong>ehorizoncis, exquodicuncurventiruigerediverli, non<strong>in</strong>telligiciiculumillum,<br />
quiterram<strong>in</strong>duo fccatlixmilphitria, quia non potell una exhalatio <strong>per</strong> totum terrx<br />
quadrantemad nos usque Buere. Nom<strong>in</strong>e igitur horizontis <strong>in</strong>telligitur hic fpatium<br />
terKcremoci(Iimum,,quodliantibus <strong>in</strong>planitieapcrta cerni poteft a nobis, quem vocamus<br />
horizontem vilioilem.<br />
Pixmittendum recundo,fpatium hoc horizontis varii varie def<strong>in</strong>iunt. Proclus ceqfet illudeire(tadiorummiJlc,idcrtLeucarum42.<br />
Daniel Barbarusnon extenditadlhd<strong>in</strong>iiliqu<strong>in</strong>-<br />
genta. Bod<strong>in</strong>us non tribuit milliaria nili quatuordecim. Macrobius milliuriaduncaxut vig<strong>in</strong>tiduocumdimidio.<br />
Nautcccommuniiisajunc <strong>in</strong>cralexcummilliare Belgicum fummaemcrgere<br />
velanavium ; undelequicur cocum diamecrum horizoncis vilibilis efle <strong>duodecim</strong><br />
milliariumBeIgicorum,leu Icalicorumtrig<strong>in</strong>cafex. His policis<br />
Conciulio prima. Qu^;icuor clle Pr<strong>in</strong>cipes leu Card<strong>in</strong>ales ventos e quatuor fcilicetmun-<br />
di partibus (eu prxcipuis angulis Ipirantes , quos iEoius primum notaHe <strong>per</strong>hibctur , relisrcn.<br />
tePi<strong>in</strong>ioii'um leu Zcphyrunr, a lcpcencrione leu pulo arfticoBoreamlivc<br />
Aquilonem.<br />
Conculiofecunda. Quodfpedtacadcjeceros vencos, qui hifce quacuorprimariis poffuncadjicicmquamC';lIatCfa!es,<br />
<strong>in</strong>numeri aliignari valenc , coc nimirum quoc iL<strong>in</strong>c horizoncispundta,<br />
cum cxquolibecpunctopolllnc Ipirare. Placuittamen illos reducereadnumciumf<strong>in</strong>itum&:ccrcbi<strong>in</strong>.<br />
EcAndronicus Cynhedesodovencosllacuic, qui,ucVicruvius<br />
lib. i.deArchiccd. cap.(,. commemorac, eorum defcripcionem <strong>in</strong> turri marmorea o6togona<br />
AthenicnHbus cxh buit hunc <strong>in</strong> modum : <strong>in</strong> f<strong>in</strong>gulis latcribus f<strong>in</strong>gulorum venrorum imag<strong>in</strong>es<br />
lculptas contra fuum cujiisque Hatum ac litum dclignavit : tum lupra eandem turrim metammarmoream,<br />
cui rritonemxneumimpolLiit, virgam dexcra manu porrigcncem , itauc<br />
ventocircumagercturjfem<strong>per</strong>quecontrariatumconlifteret, ac liipra effigiem Ipirantisventi<br />
<strong>in</strong>dicem virgam tencret. Ariftoteles vero duodeci<strong>in</strong> vencos delignabat, qui horizontem<strong>in</strong>totidempartesdiviiitiduospolos,<br />
duas <strong>in</strong> l<strong>in</strong>gulis circulis polaribus, tres ortus,tres<br />
occasus, dcl<strong>in</strong>gulosventos<strong>in</strong> f<strong>in</strong>gulispundislocavit. Boreas apoloar6ticovenit;Aufterab<br />
antar£tico. Ab ortu Solflitii sellivi Cxcias ; ab occalia ejusdcm Argeftes; ab ortu acqu<strong>in</strong>odialiSublolanus<br />
; ab occafu ejusdem Favonius; ab orcu lolfticii hiberni Vulturnus; ab occafu<br />
ejusdemAlricus; adcxcris Boreo; Thrafcius, a f<strong>in</strong>iftris Meles. Dcxcer Auftri Phxnicias:<br />
S<strong>in</strong>ifter Libonocus. Recenciores camcn Philolbphi propccr ullim navigationum aliter & ex-<br />
adViusventosdivilerunt. Ret<strong>in</strong>ueruntenim quaruorventosCardirulesanciquorum, &:di-<br />
viduntcocu<strong>in</strong> horizoncem <strong>in</strong> parces crig<strong>in</strong>ca duas , uc <strong>in</strong> pyxide nauticaannotatur, & f<strong>in</strong>gu-<br />
Usluumvcntumallignarunt, ponences nempe<strong>in</strong>tcr duos quosque Card<strong>in</strong>ales, feptcmalios<br />
collateralcs.<br />
Conclufiotertia. PrxterCard<strong>in</strong>ales illos 6c univerfales ventos , dantur etiam plures<br />
venci Prov<strong>in</strong>t iales , qui prov<strong>in</strong>ciam aliquam fpecialicer <strong>per</strong>ilanc, non aucem ubique cerrarum<br />
viijenc; eft cnimoblcrvatum, l<strong>in</strong>gulislereprov<strong>in</strong>ciispeculiares ventos ita eire proprios, UE<br />
ultra carum tradus non prodeant, lic Achcnis proprius eft \7entusquidam, quem Scjro ap-<br />
pellant, rcliquxGrxcixignotus. Ai-tbnlus^ <strong>in</strong>quit Scncca <strong>in</strong>fcftat Apuliam, Calabriam Ja-<br />
/i/A-, Galliam Narboncnfcm LirciHSt violentus ille quidcm, fed regioni adeofalubris, ut ei<br />
ara erecta lit im<strong>per</strong>ance Augufto. Subjilanus <strong>in</strong> toca terd regionctorrida toto pscnd anno (pi-<br />
rat.<br />
Conclufioquarca. DancureciamvcnciaBniverfarii, qualcs ((ilent efteEcefi.r, Grcccijc<br />
proprii , nocancur camcn &; <strong>in</strong> aliis plerisque rcgionibus. Frcquenciores camen ic conftantiores<br />
li<strong>in</strong>t <strong>in</strong> occano. In oceano enim Atlantico certo anni tempore ventus excitatur deferens<br />
unocircitcrmcnle navcsexHilpania<strong>in</strong>Americam. In duplici func diifercncia. .^ftivi (ci-<br />
licet (ScHyberni. Illioctocircitcrdiebus ante Caniculce exortum, fivepoft IblftitiumcEftturn<br />
fpirare folent ad 40. circiter dics ; Lenti dicuntur & (bmniculofi, quod , ut aireritPl<strong>in</strong>ius<br />
lib.2.C3p.47. atertiadiei horaoriantur, (Scnoctudenuo conquielcant. Hvbcr-<br />
niverofuntiftiviscontrarii, contrarioqueexoriunturtemporc, hoc c(t ,<br />
poft brumarii^o.<br />
diebusproflantes,fcdexiliores. Etefiarum orig<strong>in</strong>em docer Arift. & Theoph. a liquationc<br />
mviumfpiritusflatuolosexlialantiumfub polo & <strong>in</strong> remotis Borealibus regionibus evcnMe.<br />
Va-
112 Mcteorologia<br />
Verum fi hoc cfTet , fpiraret, xftate tora die Sc nodte, eo quodfem<strong>per</strong> polaribus regioni-<br />
hils<strong>per</strong>fexxft.vos menfesju<strong>per</strong> horiz,ontem ftt Sol. Qu^arepotiusdicendumjuxtadivcrram Dofitionemregionuma]ii.]Uiitionenivium<strong>in</strong>montibusproximisevenire.<br />
llnde <strong>in</strong> GrseciaamontibusMacedonixdkThracix<strong>per</strong>petuasfi^reniveshabeDtibusrcaturiunt.<br />
Sicut , quod Ma-<br />
driti <strong>in</strong> Hilpania magna seftatis parte flent venti Boreales, caufa Pyrenceis jugis cont<strong>in</strong>uis nivibus<br />
obteftis adfcribitur.<br />
SecundaratioEteliarum cfTe poteft , quia certis locis Sol & (ydera determ<strong>in</strong>atis anni<br />
temporibusexcitantcertosfpiritusiquiventosefficiunt. Ha?c veroeftraiio Etefiarum fpirantium<strong>in</strong>oceanoAtlantico,acpacitico,<br />
dumenimSolcft <strong>in</strong>certofitu& <strong>in</strong>tali configurationecumaIiisftellis,excitatillos(piritus.<br />
Ratio vero furama' conftantix talium ventorum<br />
<strong>in</strong> oceano eft vaftitas ipfius, eft enim <strong>in</strong>gens maris trailus, ex quo erumpunt fpiritus , qui concipientesmotum,cumnonimp<strong>in</strong>gant,acrefi-anganturad<br />
littora propter oceani vaftitatem,<br />
iervant eundem tenorem.<br />
Conclufio qu<strong>in</strong>ta. Dantur etiam tres illi tamofi , nautisque formidabiles venti , qui<br />
aPhilofophisdicunturEcnephiaSj^fyphon, & Prsfter. Repent<strong>in</strong>i omnes , & fubitanei,<br />
ac <strong>per</strong> modum fubn<strong>in</strong>is e nube excufu. llnde eorum generatio & natura a communium Ventorumgeneracioneacnaturarecedit,<br />
& fisre ad fulm<strong>in</strong>um fpeciem accedit : caufas quippe<br />
easdem ierfi habet, quas tulm<strong>in</strong>a. Materia eft exhalatio,fed paulo crudior,quam fulm<strong>in</strong>um:<br />
tbrmaeftexplofioillaenubibus , & motus deorfijm ; etiiciens efteadem, qucefulm<strong>in</strong>um,<br />
idemqueftnis,nempemetus,&reverentiaCreatoris. S<strong>in</strong>gulashasljaecies placet brevisfim
3+.<br />
Philofophico-Politica<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Politicus adverfis folidauir.<br />
-,K- 3 +<br />
Myi^nus animus 1 dc fortis omniat qud cacUre <strong>in</strong> hom<strong>in</strong>em fojfunt^ dejpicitt & pro nihile fMAt-) ait<br />
Romanx eloquentiaePr<strong>in</strong>ceps. Aceenfopedoriventusretrigerium eft : Generofus Cic.Ub.i,<br />
animus, quidquid calamitosc advenit, tanquam Zephyrum excipit. £t ut annoia, def<strong>in</strong>A.<br />
firmitc'rqueradicefixa quercus ventorumappullli non frangitur, fed folidatur ; ac cum vi-<br />
cloria turb<strong>in</strong>em repellit, Ita <strong>in</strong>ter adverlaiuis fortuna: aquilones aquil<strong>in</strong>us roboraturanimus,radicemtirmat,conftatutpetra.AlphonfusII.CareLtusMarcliioSavonielymboliloc6arcem<strong>in</strong>rupecollocatamgefnt,qu2efruIlra<br />
a ventorum confpiratione oppugnata lemm»<br />
meruit : Fortcs probamur impetu.<br />
Etutnon alongdpetitoargumento <strong>in</strong>fiftam, domefticis immoremur. Maximilianus<br />
Auftriacushujusnom<strong>in</strong>is i.Rom. Imp. Pertot difcrim<strong>in</strong>a , fublimi animo cludtandum cen-<br />
fuit , (Scadgloriigremium non f<strong>in</strong>e monftris fu<strong>per</strong>atis contendendum. Certe taftigia fiia<br />
habent faftidia ; atigneumpedusconcoquitfmgula. Onusomnishonos,(Scalunt curascu-<br />
rix; atdevoratomnia, qui aquilam pedtore geric. nidulantur <strong>in</strong> faxis puUi aquilarum, i<br />
ncrofusanimusarduis<strong>in</strong>nutritur; fcit,Atlancemfeefre humeris <strong>in</strong> onera aptandum.<br />
'^<br />
mumregaleaureummalumeft, gellarehoc nelcit, mala qui portare renuit. Apti nati ad<br />
hocfuntAuftriaci animi , ferrum digerere norunt, 5c irruente adverfario vento firmiiis figuntpedem.<br />
Utfalubrioresfunt, quce(axisillidunturaqux;&quasventus <strong>per</strong>purgat xdes,<br />
vencnum nonadmittunt, quo <strong>in</strong>ficiantur ;<br />
Ita Auftria velut laxum <strong>in</strong>ter turb<strong>in</strong>esftetit <strong>in</strong>-<br />
«oncuflki & quo magis a ventorum impctu fuit petita , tanto purgatior ejus tama orbem<br />
P pcrvo-<br />
<strong>in</strong>
114<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
<strong>per</strong>volavit, quiaventofanonvenenofa , ac <strong>in</strong> tam robuftam eft arborem folidata. Kon tji<br />
Senec, de arhor Jolidoit necfortis-, niji<strong>in</strong>qitamfreqiicns ventus <strong>in</strong>curfit^ ipja enim vexatione conflr<strong>in</strong>gttur , & ra.<br />
Prov.c.4, dicesurtiusfgit. Sen. Auftiia, dumftetit<strong>in</strong> iierba, jam turb<strong>in</strong>ibus agitabatur. Ex<strong>in</strong>de domefticisconrtidlabatuimaiis,<br />
nontamenliangebatur: bellicisjadabatur tempeftatibus,non<br />
tamenmergebatur : <strong>in</strong>vidis prasfc<strong>in</strong>debatur <strong>in</strong>fultibus, non tamen dejiciebatur. Domefticiturb<strong>in</strong>es<br />
fl ibia erant,quibusultra Herculis cancellos portabatur. BcUici Huftus vehiculumerant,<br />
quibus aliorum fu<strong>per</strong>capita promovebatur. Invidiasvulneral<strong>in</strong>eamenta eranc,<br />
quibus f brmofiiis p<strong>in</strong>gcbatur. Perfecutorum confiiia conciliaerant, quibus <strong>in</strong> fublime leva-<br />
batur. Dum <strong>in</strong> eam conjuraverant mala, ipfe fiicia eft bona: quantoque illa pejora , canto<br />
hcccmefior: cumque illa eft^ent peffima, iixc opcima evafit. Variis exercebacur cafibus,<br />
a quo ftat. Duriiis premebatur, a quo;[Rom3ni Im<strong>per</strong>ii pomum moderatur, Scadhue<br />
Frider. l, flat. Qiiorum animi <strong>per</strong> caUmitates tranjierunt ^ fortijftma quitque forti & immobili confiantia fer.<br />
Ati, Ro, ferunt, Seneca confolat. ad Helviam. Cum orbe nempe <strong>in</strong> motu immotHs fortis ftat ani-<br />
^'w/'. mus.<br />
NOn<br />
QUtESTIO IV.<br />
De ejfeciibHS ^ ^rotorietatibHS^ventorum <strong>in</strong>ge"<br />
nere,<br />
cft ubique locorum eadem ventorum natura, afFeftio & proprietas ,<br />
cum vcn-<br />
ti cujusvis efFeftus, &:proprietasaduobus pocifllmum pendeat, ab ipfomet fcilicec<br />
tpiritu, quo ventus confiftit, & ab eo loco , <strong>per</strong> quem|tranlit. llt 'igitur certi aliquiddeventorumlcftedtionibus<br />
& pioprietatiljus conftitui poflit , tum vel maxim^<br />
uniusregionisnatura&conftitutioobfervanda eft. V.g. Halitus, ex quolocofpirec, &:<strong>per</strong><br />
quodmedium tranfeat. Quare fit<br />
Conclufioprima. Ventiab <strong>in</strong>tr<strong>in</strong>feco,&:exnaturafuaeaspetuntquaIitates,qua;ipforum<br />
fubftantialibus formis debentur, unde fi ventus ex exlialacione agitata provenic ab <strong>in</strong>-<br />
tr<strong>in</strong>feco, liccus eft&fiigidus, utterra, cujusfbboles eft , fi vero non ex fola exhalatione,<br />
fed velexexhalatione velvaporeagitatooritur,tuncaliusab<strong>in</strong>tr<strong>in</strong>tecoliccus&: firigidus erit,<br />
cujus nempehalituseterraprodit ; alius frigidus & humidus , cujus fpiratio exaquaevocatur.<br />
llnde venti, qui a mari veniunt, multum habent humoris. qui a mediterratio<br />
aeris , eas enim&hic pofcetqualitates, qux formx atjris debentur, qui eft humidusi& ca-<br />
lidus,<br />
Conclufiofecunda. Siautem fermo fitde qualitatibus , quas ventis obveniunc fecundumeumftatum,<br />
quem obt<strong>in</strong>ent, dum vi Solis, aliorumque fiderum e fubjedis elementis<br />
<strong>in</strong>fublimevehuncur, dicendum omnesventoscalldos efre&: ficcos, fieorummateriafitexhalatio;<br />
vclecll omnescalidif<strong>in</strong>t, aliostamen(iccos,alioshumidos efTe, juxtaeamfententiam,<br />
quam&noscenemus, atpauloantedidtum, quasetiam vapores ventorum materiam<br />
facit.<br />
Concluflo certia. Qupd fi locorum & regionum , <strong>per</strong> quas Cranseunt, racio habeatur,<br />
tuncdicendumfecundumearumvarietatemdiverfas <strong>in</strong>duere qualitates. H<strong>in</strong>c fit, ut non<br />
idemubiquetem<strong>per</strong>amentumhabeant v. g. Boreas Africae nubilus eft, Aufter ferenus , <strong>in</strong>quitPl<strong>in</strong>ius,<br />
Europavero ex<strong>per</strong>iturcontrarium. In America narrat A CoftafrigidifHmum<br />
cfleAufirum, «ScBorecenoftrocognatum. SicetiamSeptentrionales, quia <strong>per</strong> locanivofa,<br />
&:ti:igidaad nostrajiciunt,frigidifIimifunt, &ficci ; oppofiti vero, quia <strong>per</strong> mare locahumentia<br />
& calida, ut <strong>per</strong> Zonam torridam , ad nos <strong>per</strong>veniunt, calidi fu nt & humidi. Ex quibus<br />
illud deducitur, primo , quod venti pro qualitatum , quibus imbuuntur , exceffu & mediocritate,&tem<strong>per</strong>ie,aiiicorporibusfalubres<br />
habeantur, alii noxii,alii hoc, alii illud morbi<br />
gcnus<strong>in</strong>vehant. UndeVitruviuslib. i.c.f.ait,<strong>in</strong>InfulaLesbooppidumMytilenemagnificd<br />
aedificatum efTe, atque eleganter, fed pofitum non prudenter, quod <strong>in</strong> ea civitate, ciim Aufter<br />
ftat,hom<strong>in</strong>es£Egrotant; namisventusputred<strong>in</strong>is caufam praebet; CLim Corus Circioaff<strong>in</strong>is<br />
aboccafufolftitiali fpirat,hom<strong>in</strong>estufIiunt; ciimSeptentrioatqueAquiloreftituuntur <strong>in</strong>fa-<br />
lubritatem.<br />
Deduciturfecundo. Utcertialiquiddeventorumnaturaconftitui poflit, tumvelmaximeuniusregionisnatura&<br />
conftitutiooblervandaeft: v.g.halicus,exquo loco fpiret, &<br />
<strong>per</strong>quodmediumtranseat. Ha:c enim duomaxime ventorum naturam conftituunt,variantque,<br />
ut fu<strong>per</strong>ii.is annotavimus.<br />
Dedu-
Philofophico-Politica. 115<br />
Deduciturtertio: Ventitamenomnesnaturacenfeiitur frigidiob motum ; quoautem<br />
vaIidiores,eo magisretngeranc(!kex(iccant,actandem ferenitatem pariunt; imbccillesverd<br />
raiefaciunt» humcdant, pluviasquegignerclbient.<br />
Deducitur quarto. Maritimiventipleriquecenfenturene<strong>in</strong>falubres, utpotequi calorcm<br />
& humorcm,pr<strong>in</strong>cipi3 corruptionis,iimul ferant. In calidillimis tamen regionibus & fumma<br />
a:(btenonnunquamlalubreslunt,quiaretrigerant,i5c exeo,quodalciusaSole elevcntur,<br />
funtpenetrabilesf<strong>in</strong>e noxa.<br />
Deducitur qu<strong>in</strong>to. Medicorumjudicio omnia ventus, qui exaeris commotione non fit,<br />
fed ex halicibus foliim 6c vaporibus , non tantijm nocivus, led &. exitialis effe poteft.<br />
Deduciturfexto: Curunaregioiitmagis ventoia, quam alia, quia nempe terra unius<br />
regionis emittit plures exhalationes aptas ad hoc, ut convertantur <strong>in</strong> ventos, auam alia. Idem<br />
eciam cont<strong>in</strong>gic <strong>in</strong> mari, unus enim f L<strong>in</strong>dus maris abundat pluribus fpiritibus fiatuoiis , quanj<br />
aliusivelccrteunusmaristradlus c<strong>in</strong>giturlittoribusac terris, ex quibuserumpuntp!ures(piritus<br />
riatuofi. Sxpeetiamvidemuscivitatesquasdam& regiones effe fubjeitas quibusdam<br />
ventis montanis vehemenciflimis Sc parum (alubribus, ratio eadem eft , quia montes illi abun-<br />
dantexhalationibusfiatuolis &: <strong>in</strong>falubribus,<br />
Deduciturfeptimo: Cur idem ventus, qui <strong>in</strong>unaregione eft<strong>in</strong>falubris, <strong>in</strong>aliafitfalu-<br />
bris, <strong>in</strong> una cogat nubes, <strong>in</strong> alia ferenitatem t Qu.ia fcilicet licec ventus (piret ex eadem parte ,<br />
non tamen oritur ex iisdem locis, fed ex diverlis, v. g. ventus aliquis fpirans hic ex parte meridionulioriturexmontibus,<br />
quifuotnobisadmeridiem, 6c litpepropagarurfbiij<strong>in</strong><strong>per</strong>millia-<br />
riafo. tmjegeseJl-,ubtTroj4fuit. Ovid. Optimarum di-<br />
fcipl<strong>in</strong>arumcolonia, ditiflimaarcium nutrix Achenac , quo pede ftant "i armorum illuvioni<br />
<strong>in</strong>volutafadaeft pifciumpabulumMaterPhiloIbphorum. Etcum<strong>in</strong>flatusvidoriis AlexanderMacedoniamGixciamquetottriumphislaurcatara,<br />
<strong>in</strong> Gentium Dom<strong>in</strong>amcvexit;t3n-^^A^^ jg<br />
demRomanorumarmis corruens , propriis c<strong>in</strong>eribus docuit : Cont<strong>in</strong>uameffe rebus generatto- „f„^^<br />
n(m AiqtHforrHptitnem. Nativa<strong>in</strong>eft palmisdefedio; (Scquumfe diucontrapondus erigunt,<br />
corr.l.i^,<br />
P z<br />
uiidem^^ „*/
Ii6<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
tandemproprio motu <strong>in</strong> fenium <strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>ant, lnejl rebns cunUis qMidam velnt orbis > ut ejuemaJmodumtempornmvtces,<br />
tta & morttm & honorum vertantur. Tacitus. Qucm fecunda afpexit<br />
hora, mox funeftus excipic horolcopus. Et cui belli alea gloriofis praeluxit prognofticis<br />
momentomutato vento triftiafuccenditfidera, exviaore vidum fecit, ^gidem a Perfeo<br />
mutueslicet, autabHerculeclavam: vidoria;tamen teftum faciia m funeftum atque <strong>in</strong>teftum<br />
traniit epilogum. Pediirequx vidtorix vicisfitudo eft. Pilx ludus fortuna eft , dat po-<br />
mumhuic, quodalterieripit, Laurostriumphalestandemcupreftlisfunerat. Quos fortuna<br />
fortestccic, tbitenuitatafilumgtorixrupit. Fabulamad tempus agunt mvitti Heroes,<br />
ielicem comoediam explct.l <strong>per</strong>fonii <strong>in</strong>telici tragoedia claudunt, Quantacunque conhftat<br />
fnlia'r:i,<strong>in</strong>punaoverfatiiiseft,'quianonniU <strong>in</strong> punfto folet cont<strong>in</strong>gere. Ipfaterrapunttum<br />
&«.ff5/,eft,<strong>in</strong>quo bellamovemus: vertitur<strong>in</strong>pundo. Fortun'.Ecirculonecrede, quem evehit, <strong>in</strong><br />
rocam aeit : Q^ijiat , mox cadit. Inter fcritnra vivimus , omnia mortal<strong>in</strong>m o<strong>per</strong>a mortalitate donatti<br />
(mt. Seneca. Amphitheatraamplisfima,marmoreiarcus,molesHadriani,delubraDcorum,<br />
capitoliaHeroum,Pantheonpacis,Augufttmaufolxa, Romanorum fanaomniavana : modicus<br />
ventus orbcm llibruit. Flevit Xerxes moriturum exercitum , Tu ride glorix triumphummoxabiturum<strong>in</strong>tumulum.<br />
Nefaftu extollaiis,quia faftigiumattigifti; globoit^ftis<br />
quovis impului movendus. Sem<strong>per</strong> fbrtuna nutat,& cum vento mutat. Effluit cum aftluit:<br />
hh Us <strong>in</strong> (ecmdis rchHsnil qHemqtutm frferU
Pliilofophico-Poiitica. I17<br />
QUtESTIO V.<br />
T>e effe^ihns ^ proprietatibns 'ventorum <strong>in</strong>fpecie,<br />
QVamvis<strong>in</strong> rLipeiioribus Quxftionibus ob connexionem & vic<strong>in</strong>itatem materixiama-<br />
liquid (parlim de crteclibus ic proprieratibus ventorum <strong>in</strong> fpecie <strong>in</strong>l<strong>in</strong>uatum lit, hic tamen<br />
proprius & tijnor de l<strong>in</strong>gulis difierendi locus erit, ut plenior fiat dodh<strong>in</strong>a. lln-<br />
•delit<br />
Conclufio prima. Ventifeptentrionales <strong>in</strong>EuropaferOtotafrigidi funt^Scficci. Ratio<br />
defumiturtum;"itrigiditatelocorum,<strong>per</strong> qux<strong>per</strong>meant, tum quia exlpirant ex lubtiliflTma<br />
parte nivium Zon.K li:igid.c. Serenitatem atferunt, quia condenfant acrcm & exficcant.SunC<br />
falubresobconltridtionempororum &cutisanimalium, qua ht, ut calor <strong>in</strong>ternuslenonad<br />
extra efFundat, fed <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>terioribus conlervetur. Llndediutiiis leptentrionalis, qLi.im meridio-<br />
nalispopulusvivic. Diciturx.amen, Boreas male artedis corporibus aliquando nocere. Si-<br />
militer vitibus gemmantibus & aliis'plantis tenellis ac floribLis <strong>per</strong>lccpe exillit<strong>per</strong>niciofus.<br />
Omniumhicmaximevaliduseft (Sfimpetuofus, quoniamxftu maximo, mcridiano fcilicet"»<br />
cxcitatur,&:materia omniumfacillimd<strong>in</strong>vaporesdiflblubili, nubibusnimirum conftat.VentusetiamBoreal.scilmlitgravior<br />
&dcnfiormagisquafired:a deorfum propcllitur, ac fiEvior<br />
eft Auftro, cum acriori tiigore condenletur. Llnde etianj flante Borea & ['udo coelo , non ita<br />
repelli poteft fumus, ficuti coelo pluvio ; vel quod Boreas non ex obliquo, ut Aufter , ftd <strong>in</strong> directummagis<strong>per</strong>tlet,<br />
velquodgravior fitacrismoles,ciam fpirataquilo, Oblervatum etiam<br />
eft, vcntos Boreales tanto debiliores fieri, quanto ampliiis h<strong>in</strong>c ad a;quatoremprocurrunc.<br />
Econtra ver6 ab asquatore quantb ampliiis versiis ancardicum polum profpiranC , efKciencur<br />
reveriores&: trigidiorespriElcicim <strong>in</strong>regnoChili Sc Pcrii. Qui audiciis gravicace laborant<br />
aucliibliirdelcunc, Borcalivenco<strong>per</strong>fpirante&aeris ferenitatem afterente taciliLis audire <strong>in</strong>cipiunt,<br />
qui alioqu<strong>in</strong>, ciim dentus & pluvius eft acr, Aufterquc fpirat ,<br />
diendi tacultate privancur.<br />
omni propemodum au-<br />
Conclulio lecunda. Ventimeridionalesvulgocalidifunt&humentes. Calidi quidem><br />
quiaexlocisZoncetorridxvic<strong>in</strong>is fpir.<strong>in</strong>c, penTic<strong>in</strong>cque<strong>per</strong>locac3!idiora:humidifunc,quia<br />
conftancmukovaporeamarimedicerraneo & aliis locis elevaco ; ideoquc phirimas nubes<br />
colligunc. Nequ^canciimcolliguncnubes, fed eas cepore fuo folvunc <strong>in</strong> pluviam. H<strong>in</strong>c<br />
Aultercalidus eit ic humidus, morbidus, icem asftuofus, fulm<strong>in</strong>cus , noxius & peftilens ;<br />
ncranspluviasiScnubes, uci &procemporis vacioneconicrua. Sicamcndiuciiislpirac, cunc&<br />
ferenitacem Sc fuffocancemcalorcm provocarcpoccft. Solcc
n8<br />
Mcteorologia<br />
modicecalens, omniummaximeblandus<strong>in</strong>regionibus, quse maximd diftant i mari. Menfi<br />
Aprilifummo<strong>per</strong>efamiliaris, quadam tem<strong>per</strong>ie caloris & humoris glaciem refoivit &: nives,<br />
undeipiratpotillimum, cumad nos aves <strong>in</strong> vere denuo remeant , quse iiyeme latitabant,<br />
tumiterum,cumanobis<strong>in</strong>autumnorecedunt. Sub<strong>in</strong>depluviatem<strong>per</strong>at Soliscalorem, &<br />
cumaptiflimeadgenerationemliumorimifcet. Vef<strong>per</strong>iautliorispomeiidianis crebrius fpirat.<br />
Paritvariascorporummutationes,fole'tquealiastenuifi:igorelaluberefre, ac ambiguus,<br />
OvaquiedamdicunturZephyriafeuFavonia, qujeagall<strong>in</strong>is aut columbis generari putantur<br />
folo <strong>in</strong>ftatu Zephyri feu Favonii. Dicebatur etiam , <strong>in</strong> Lufitania ex folo Zepiiyro equas con-<br />
ci<strong>per</strong>e; quodtamennegantLufitanifeex<strong>per</strong>iri. Alteroccidentalisventus efiAfricus, folis<br />
tempeltatibus celebris.<br />
Conclufioqu<strong>in</strong>ta. VentusgencralisZonKtorridcedom<strong>in</strong>ans, qualis ell fubfblanus auc<br />
ejus collateralis non <strong>in</strong> omnibus eidem Zonte fubjeftis regionibus fem<strong>per</strong> uno & eodem tempore<br />
&I0C0 viget, fedfiibiispotiflimumfignorumparallelis, quse Sol <strong>per</strong>curric. llnde naves,quopropiusSolis<br />
femitis accommodantur, eofaciliori, breviorique navigatione term<strong>in</strong>umfuumconfequuntur.<br />
Siutr<strong>in</strong>queafemitaSolisplusxquorecefTer<strong>in</strong>t, ob novasvento»<br />
rum,quosex<strong>per</strong>iuntur,legesfubfolanocontrarias etiam magis retardantur 6c impediuntur.<br />
Ventus etiam hic Generalis fub uno &: eodem parallelo <strong>in</strong>divifibili fpatio non fertur,fed habec<br />
fuamlatitud<strong>in</strong>em<strong>in</strong>nonnullislocismajorem,<strong>in</strong>aliism<strong>in</strong>orem. Sub Tropicis ad 7. gradum<br />
tamadAuftrum,quamad Boreamexcurrerecom<strong>per</strong>tum eft.<br />
Conclufio fexta. Inlocofubpolariardlico nullusventusfeptentrionalis aut quiscunque<br />
alius prceterauftralemdaripoteft; aquacunqueenimplaga <strong>in</strong> eam regionem fpiret ventus,<br />
fem<strong>per</strong>expartibusauftralibus ad feptentrionemferetur. Contrarium accidit liibpolo ant-<br />
arftico ; nam omnes ibidem venti funt feptentrionales.<br />
Conclufio feptima. Ornithius & Chelidonius ventus,qui ab Hirund<strong>in</strong>um adventu denom<strong>in</strong>atur<br />
, oriuntur a diverfis locis , fub diverlis terrae tra6tibus verno qu idem tempore fiib vef<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>um<br />
Arfturi exortum. Fertur autem Chelidonius circa terra latera humilis, omniiimque<br />
fuavillimus &: commodillimus , ut plurimum vero <strong>in</strong> Favonium abit.<br />
Conclufio odlava. Exhydrius ventus a ruptura nubium diftus germanicd X^OoIcfCft«<br />
25tlicb/ dupliciter , ut bens^ <strong>in</strong>nuit Kircherus,exoriri fblet ; vel enim relbluta <strong>in</strong> humorem nubium<br />
mole, quce <strong>in</strong> terram non guttatim decidit, fed totali effufione omnia <strong>in</strong>undacione fiili iufeftat;<br />
veletiam eximoaquarumprofundonafcitur,cumexmariquietiIlimotempore& malaciSiquafifcopis<br />
purgato exurgit quidam vapor,qui<strong>in</strong>ftartub£E, aut monicce <strong>in</strong> fummamaltitud<strong>in</strong>empaulatimelevatur<br />
; de<strong>in</strong>deveroadeodilatatur, ut totum &coeIum 6c maredensacalig<strong>in</strong>ecoo<strong>per</strong>iat;<br />
moxautemhorridiflimiac<strong>in</strong>credibilis violentix venci confequuntur»<br />
quibusOceanustantarabie<strong>in</strong>candefcit, ut nemo facile formidabilem illam fludluum vehenientiamconci<strong>per</strong>equeat,necullafaciIenavis,fiquando<br />
ea <strong>in</strong> Exhydrium hujusmodi ventum<br />
<strong>in</strong>cidat, evadere poflit. Venti hi Exhydrii <strong>in</strong> noftris regionibus folent plerumque .-iccidere,duraaercomprimiseftvaIdetranquillus,rarus&caIidus,<br />
exnubibus atris valde gravi-<br />
bus,acterra: admodumprop<strong>in</strong>quis; atqueetiamiispotisfimumlocis, ubi <strong>in</strong>ter mondum utr<strong>in</strong>que<br />
conftitutorum catenas five claudiras ventus aliquid <strong>in</strong>feriiis arre<strong>per</strong>e,& easdem nubes<br />
facilSfuft<strong>in</strong>ere,ali6quetransferrenequit;<strong>in</strong>apricisautem caropeftribus, &<strong>in</strong> planitiem ex-<br />
currentibus locis vix ejusmodi procellas cont<strong>in</strong>gere folent.<br />
Qu.xresprim6. Curventi feptentrionales & auftrales f<strong>in</strong>t vehementioresorientalibus<br />
3c occidentalibus, licet <strong>in</strong> aliquibus locis oppofitum conc<strong>in</strong>gat. Refpondeo : Rationem cire,<br />
quiaventivehementioresoriuntur ex montibus, ut conftat ex<strong>per</strong>ientia, quodprovcnit ex<br />
eo , ut patet ex didis , quia ex montibus exhalat magna copia fpirituum , qui vehementilfim^<br />
concitantur; montiumvcr6jugacommuniterprotenduntura feptentrione ad meridiemia<br />
Germania, Gallia, Hifpania&Afiricatotafecaturmontibus protenfis a feptentrioneadmcridiem.<br />
TotaAfiadividiturmontibusS<strong>in</strong>icis,aliisque<strong>in</strong>eandempartem decurrentibus. Ame-<br />
rica meridionalis & magna pars Americae feptencrionalis dividitur montibus decurrentibus a<br />
feptentrioneadmeridiem. Quod fi quaeras occafionebujus, curnatura protenderitmontes<br />
afeptentrioneadmeridiem. Refpondeo: Rationem efTe, quiamontesfunt, quafioffaterrar,<br />
ut tirmenc illam concra mare, & prsfercim concra oceanum, ne impecu flio cerram fc<strong>in</strong>dac, Oceanus<br />
enim fecundum longicud<strong>in</strong>em excendicur ab orience <strong>in</strong> occidencem , & verberac molc<br />
aquarumliccorafepcencrionalia&auflralia; undeillafirmandafijeruncjugismonciumexcurrencibus<br />
a fepcencrione ad auftrum feu meridiem.<br />
Quxres fecund6. Quare marmora & ligna nonnunquam videancur fudarc & madeficd<br />
Refpondeo: Racionem non efTe, quodipfamarmoravelligna emiccant illum humorem, ut<br />
vulgus putat, fed ventos aiFerre vapores, qui naarm^oribus adhaerefcentes , ab illisquefrigefafti<br />
refolvuntur <strong>in</strong> aquani«<br />
Colliges<br />
"
Philofophico-Politica. 119<br />
Colligesprimo: Didisproprietatibusventorum adhuc aliasaddipofTe : f<strong>in</strong>eillisenim<br />
marianonnavigantur : aerfpirarenequit, nili haurias ex eo pellilentiam ; terra <strong>in</strong>fxcunda<br />
eft, animalia non vivunt , mundus non Ipirat , fedmortuus eft, utomniafmelpiritufunt<br />
mortua.<br />
Coiligesfecundo: Quodfuamventiqualitatememedio, quod prcetereunt, utdidlum<br />
eft, accipiant, ex<strong>per</strong>imcntodocuitKircherus: fiatcanalislongus<strong>per</strong> modumtubs, qui ita<br />
firmetur,utlatiorparsextracubicu!um,m<strong>in</strong>or<strong>per</strong>fbramenorbicuii uniuscubiculum<strong>in</strong>gre-<br />
diatur, quola^^o didicanalisorihcio extra cubiculum exiftenti quicunque fiores odori <strong>in</strong>«<br />
lbergantur,(icriante ventoiidem <strong>in</strong>cubiculo (jpirabunt odores, quos extracubiculumpofici<br />
nores fundunt.<br />
J P P E /\/ D r X.<br />
Ohfervationes nomulU circa njentos 'vehementiores eortimqHe<br />
mirabiles effeBns.<br />
OBfervatioprima. InlittoreCoro»»4M^f/«lat. boreal. grad. 162, \ntex CaUcout ^MafilMtjpan<br />
ex quadam regione ab octava hora matut<strong>in</strong>a usque ad quartam vef<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>am venti<br />
tamcaliditScce(tuo(iacfoetidi(pirarefolent,ut<strong>in</strong>colse absque (pecialibus rehigeriismanerevixqueant.<br />
Llnde(<strong>in</strong>gulisdiebusquisquecxiisvasaliquod aqux, quam ad potumadhibere(biet,<br />
aut quocunquealioconiLieto bibulohumore plenum adpalum, arboremvel<br />
murum(blaribusradiisacip(ismet(a;vientibus ventis oppoiicum appendere 6c exponere foletusqueadquartamhoramve(<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>am;<br />
quofit,utaquailla potatoria plurimum lic refrigcrataobt<strong>in</strong>eatur,ut<strong>in</strong>nulloalio(bbterraneoloco,velu:icellamelius<br />
refrigerari pofTe <strong>in</strong>di-<br />
cetur. Aihf AnglkMaAfenf.Alartii 1666..<br />
Oblervatio (ecunda. Adurbem DalmatixZf/;»; dicl:am,utmcmor3t Valvafbr <strong>in</strong> Topog.Carniol.lib.2.<br />
cap.ii. tamvalidi&vehementesfub<strong>in</strong>de(xviuntventi<strong>per</strong>hyemem,ut nemo<br />
lecure illis flantibus domo egredi pofTit. Imb tam alte rtuftus prop<strong>in</strong>qui maris <strong>in</strong> aerem<br />
clevantur-,utultraSabba:turrim ibidem collidantur.<br />
Obfervatio tertia. InAlbribustlanteauftrbpueriplurimum Jegrotare folent; corporis<br />
enimmeatusa<strong>per</strong>it,laxat,&humoresliquat; artihcesetiam , quicirca plumbum
I20<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
illosconcipicndos&<strong>in</strong>cludendos, eosque<strong>in</strong> diverla urbislocaad seftivum calorem tem<strong>per</strong>andu<strong>in</strong>deducerefolent.<br />
Hybcrnisveromenfibus vent<strong>in</strong>onefflant,fedeconrraaer exte<strong>in</strong>us<strong>in</strong>trotrahitur;<br />
undefileviaaiiqua corporafciiTurisillis apponantur,moxattrahuntiir,&<br />
<strong>in</strong>tro rapiuntur.<br />
Stupendam etiam hiftoriam refert Sigebertus ad annum logi. de campanario quodam<br />
vehementi ventoalocofuoavulfo&; <strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>ato, ita ut <strong>in</strong> agre hccreret , & ru<strong>in</strong>am cont<strong>in</strong>uo<br />
miraierur,div<strong>in</strong>aquevirtutepoftdiesfex refefto, &c campanis ibidem dependentibus fpon-<br />
tefonantibus. Annoitemi^g^.<strong>in</strong> leftoSanfti Laurentii fub crepufculum vef<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>um venti<br />
honidicumigneatempeftatea tradluRheniSu<strong>per</strong>ioreexorti<strong>per</strong> Franconiam, Sueviam , ic<br />
aiiasProv<strong>in</strong>cias, usque<strong>in</strong>Bohemiam validillime defevierunt, <strong>in</strong>numeraque damna <strong>in</strong>tulc*<br />
rwnt; dehisventisiormatiexftant (equentesverfus:<br />
InfanCtofefto teflls LaVrentlVs ejio,<br />
DVra Nt teUpeJiaSj & Nentos aV^erat ajfas.<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Connubia felicitatem promovenr.<br />
-w -rRbit ofes efe exiftimo focios, fidem-, benevolentiam ^ Athenienfis Orator enuntiavic. Ncc<br />
Vemcfth. 1<br />
LbiudicPhilofophus : Ut qnisqHe maxime poteftate excellih itt maxime amicis <strong>in</strong>diget, Mui'<br />
r tuis auxiliis conftant omnia: Si quis opem mutuam e medio tollerec toUerec univerfum.<br />
,<br />
'^'fl' -^'Incommunevivicur. Necpoteftquisquambeatevivercquifibicancumvivic. Akerivivas<br />
thc.ci,<br />
Q ortgt^ auccumaltcro, fi vistibi vivere. Hkc fociecas felicitatis v<strong>in</strong>culum eft , qua: nos<br />
•^<br />
aliis
Philofophico-Polirica. I2I<br />
aliis mifcer, a quibus felices fiei i pofllimus. Cum enim <strong>in</strong>ter nos cognationem aliquam ipla<br />
naturaconrtitucric, adcoqueprxiidiiciulahom<strong>in</strong>es cu:xihom<strong>in</strong>ibuslbciccatcmiiiicr<strong>in</strong>t:foe-<br />
dusillud apr<strong>in</strong>cipioortushumaniconditum, jugi eft ruccclTione confcrvandum. .Llbivcro<br />
vel maximd focietas &: tides, benevolentia Sc amicitia re<strong>per</strong>itur ; quam ubi nridillimum Conjugiiv<strong>in</strong>culum<br />
<strong>in</strong>ter fejunttos <strong>per</strong> terrarum Ipatia animos mutuam fundat tamiliaritatem?<br />
Matrimonii nodo qualiGordiomanusmanuijungitur, ut mutuisauxiliisprolecunda & adverfalbrtunafibifuppetiasferant,<br />
<strong>in</strong>aeftate feliciorisftatus<strong>in</strong>dillolubiles, nec <strong>in</strong>calamitofe<br />
fonis hveme recedant. Magnes animorum Conjugium eft,quo dum <strong>in</strong> vitx Ibcietatem con-<br />
Ibrs trahitur , etiam tertiusln familiaritatem affumatur. Auftriacam Domum potcntillim3m,nunc<strong>per</strong>orbemuniverlumliorentiiIimam,SagoTogaque<br />
gloriofam conlpice. Annonhodicnum<br />
verilIimum,quod Maximilianol. ex Auftriaco Archiducelmpcratori Roma- Hortoif,^<br />
norumelogialiscalamusadlcTiplit : Rigia fiHmmaquoloagtifs difiwnm ^eoexcu) ruKtlntiMS , ampli- P-ilL^vict-<br />
jicMi oauarHmveluti majefiate ex m<strong>in</strong>orum fiMviorHm trihutis. Nempe brachia fua <strong>in</strong> amplexum ""' •^* J.<br />
conjugalemexterarum Gcntiumextendit,alienaflum<strong>in</strong>aIftro,lejundas prov<strong>in</strong>cias Aultrice<br />
junxit hxc Domus Auguftillima : quo prop<strong>in</strong>quitatis ncxu fumma orbis Capita <strong>in</strong> fiedus traxit,anim6squearmaquefociavit,<br />
utditFufusAuftriacceglorixodororbemimplcvcnt ,<br />
Sc matrimoniitxcunditacenom<strong>in</strong>isfui<br />
partum quaquaverfum promovent. Omnium ventoruni<br />
facileprimusAuftcrid l3udismeretur-,quod, quiacalidus «Schumiduseft, arva (S:areoIasfcB-<br />
cundet, ftoresprotrudat, hortenfesthalamosodoriprogenie fcrciles redd:it, Auftriacit arborisgenealogiamlege.<br />
L<strong>in</strong>eareftaortumfuumtrahitaPharamundo I.Francorum<strong>in</strong>Ger-<br />
<strong>in</strong>ania Rege, usque ad Sigcbertum Auftrafix, Allatix, alianimque Prov<strong>in</strong>ciarum Regem;ex his<br />
SigebertusI.Habspurgi"Comes <strong>per</strong> novendecim (ujccedentium generationum gradus Rudolphuml.<br />
Romuiorumlm<strong>per</strong>atorem<strong>in</strong>lucemaulpicatiliimamedidir. Ab hoc gloriolillimo<br />
Auftriacce Infulx Fundatore <strong>per</strong> genealogicam^arborem <strong>in</strong> hodiernum AuguftilTimum<br />
Cxfarem ea Prov<strong>in</strong>ciarum terrarumque vaftitas hanedicario (imul ac Martiali jure tranlivit, uc<br />
proiIIarumconrervationehaudexiguumemolumentumHymena'uscontu!erit,potenti(TimorumRegum,<br />
Pr<strong>in</strong>cipiimquethalamos Auftrix amori copulando. Pergc O Auguftislima<br />
Domuseo,quo<strong>per</strong>pIuralecuIacont<strong>in</strong>uafti,germ<strong>in</strong>eHoreic, acut fxcundo Auftro arborem<br />
tuam propagares, habes novellos tlores <strong>in</strong> Caefareo tuo Horto, futurorum connubiorum germ<strong>in</strong>a:<br />
Tnfdix AufirianHbe,<br />
QU^STIO VI.<br />
Dc pgnisprognoflicis 'ventorum^ eorimqHe natnra ad<br />
rerum eie&iones.<br />
PRim6obrer\'atumeft, quodventos vehementes foleat prxcedere tremulusquidam foliorum,imo&arborummotusacobAtmosphxrxcommotionem<br />
aut vaporum diftraftionem<br />
ftellarumfc<strong>in</strong>tillatio major, vel Halo Lunam coronans.<br />
Secund6. PluvialaliaiSramara<strong>in</strong>diciumimm<strong>in</strong>entis vento(xtempeftatiseft,cum<br />
Salfedo &: amaritudo fpiricuum Sulphureorum, & exhalationum m<strong>in</strong>eralium,ex quibus venti<br />
cxcit3ntur,notislimafigna (<strong>in</strong>t.<br />
Tcrtio. Crebriores corufcationes xftate ventorum prxfagia fl<strong>in</strong>t, oppofitum ver6 efHciunt<br />
hyeme & Autumno, dum eos ad quietem componunt.<br />
Quarto, Flocciaquis<strong>in</strong>natantes, fragrantiaherbarum & florum folito major, aranearum<br />
tela pcr aiirem volantia ttatus prxlagiunt ; fimiliter & anleies multum vocilbantes,(Jc vo -<br />
lantes;FuIicx fecrcbriijsaquximmergentes, &pennasexcutientes •,PoIypusfaxisadhxrens;<br />
Ech<strong>in</strong>us feabfcondens ; major apum rcditus ad alvearia aut latitatio fub arboribus, uti & volucresexjugismontium<br />
<strong>in</strong> valles turmatim devolantes.<br />
Qu<strong>in</strong>to, Herba Chitung, vel Cliifung Infulx S<strong>in</strong>enfisy^W»; <strong>in</strong> quot nodos pcr anni dccurfum<br />
cxcrefcit, tot procellas 6c turb<strong>in</strong>es eo anno exorituros <strong>in</strong>colx illius loci conjiciunf Sed huic<br />
reiparumtideitribuitP, Kircherus <strong>in</strong> Ch<strong>in</strong>ailluft.<br />
Sexto repent<strong>in</strong>amaristranquillitas&xqualisfimaplanities , quafiglaciespolitaifignum<br />
nautis eft imm<strong>in</strong>encis tempeftatis, 6c tunc vel maxim^, ciim atra nubccula <strong>in</strong> cctlo alioqu<strong>in</strong> feleno,<br />
qux 01:«/«^ /w/<strong>in</strong>om<strong>in</strong>ariconfuevit,apparet. Simileomen capiunt , cum pacifico<br />
aere (ubito mare <strong>in</strong> (~pumam,crterve(cit. l<strong>in</strong>de Cardanus de varict. maris <strong>in</strong>quit, fonitus & flu-<br />
ftuSi(Sc mugitUS /i c.vemis proMontoriorum-,& littoris refonantia ventos iiidicayit^&c pcrlxpc tempeftates.<br />
Paiitcr cometcs flammeus <strong>in</strong> mari quandoquc apparens Iblitus vcntorum & procellarum<br />
prxnuntiuseirelblcf, Signaquoquc(<strong>in</strong>i(tra(Sc om<strong>in</strong>ofafuntimpcndcntisproccllx , fioltrcx<br />
navibus,aliisquercbusadhxrclcunc : fiCancriferecondanC) aUtlapillis gravitent ; fi ccclo<br />
Q_,<br />
claro
122 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
clai-omajorespircesreexmariattollanf,riDelph<strong>in</strong>es<strong>in</strong>marisru<strong>per</strong>ficie ludant, vel navigiaaliquot<br />
horarum vcl dierum (patio comitentur: fi turba albarum avium mar<strong>in</strong>arum compareat.<br />
Septimo. Solisortus nigro tedtus velam<strong>in</strong>e pluvias «Sc ventos portendit. Nigredo<br />
enira condenditionem vaporum, opportunam ventorum materiam denotat. Pariter fi ita Sol<br />
oriens<strong>in</strong>volvaturnubibus, ut radii <strong>in</strong>fra <strong>in</strong>dar barbJE prom<strong>in</strong>eant vel fi reconditi & pcr obfcuram<br />
nubem rubei transpareant ; vel ad meridiem halone c<strong>in</strong>dlus videatur, llnde bend<br />
Mantuanus vates cec<strong>in</strong>it:<br />
Sol quoque c^ exoriens, c^ chnfe condet <strong>in</strong> altum,<br />
Signadabit: Soletn certijjimapgnafequentur.<br />
Ille ubi nafcentem maculis variaverit ortum;<br />
Conditus m nubem ,<br />
medibqne refugerit orbe,<br />
Sufpe6iitibifmtimbres: namque urgetab alto<br />
ylrboribusquejatisque Notus Jtecoriquef<strong>in</strong>ijier.<br />
Et poft paucos verfus,<br />
- - - Sapevidemus<br />
Ipfuis <strong>in</strong> vidtu varios errare colores,<br />
06tav6. Ex Lunx quoque diverfa apparitione ventorum prognoftica dcfumi pofTunt,<br />
vitfiobferveturcumpluribuscirca fecircuHs<strong>in</strong>terruptis, utalibiannotavimus, vel fi<strong>in</strong>pleniluniodivsrficoloriscoronisc<strong>in</strong>gatur.<br />
Rubedoetiam<strong>in</strong>eaapparens, uti & <strong>in</strong> aliis fideribus<br />
flatus denotat. H<strong>in</strong>c verfus ille decantatus<br />
Pallida Uma phiit y<br />
rubicunda faf, alba ferenat.<br />
Aliihanc Regulam univerfalem ftatuunt : ventus, <strong>in</strong>quiunt, qui Ipirat itl noviiunio,<br />
<strong>per</strong>feveretusqueaddiem18.cont<strong>in</strong>uabitusquead27.fi verolpiret alius ventus <strong>in</strong>termedius,<br />
alternis vicibus (pirabunt ; plures tamen , qui tertio die,<br />
Nono. Curiofum eft, &obfervatione dignum, quod ex<strong>per</strong>ientia tefte <strong>in</strong> pifce orbe<br />
feu phyfa difto deprehentum eft. TotushicrOtundus,totusquecapitohanc a naturavirtutemobt<strong>in</strong>uit,utexenteracus,&ficcatus,<br />
tcmentoquc oppletus, fifiloalligetur, autvitrofu-<br />
fpenfo <strong>in</strong>cludatur, libereque <strong>in</strong> aere pendeat , fem<strong>per</strong> ad eam Horizontis partem roftrum tantjuamventorum<strong>in</strong>dicemconvertat,<br />
a qua fiatus exoritur. Unde Gefnerus eum vernacula<br />
l<strong>in</strong>guanom<strong>in</strong>at: i£ui Giect?
Philofophico-Politica.<br />
Sentimo Ventorum obfervatio multum conducit ad pvxlium tam terreftre qudm na-<br />
,<br />
vale<strong>in</strong>i&m , dum eorum nempe flatus <strong>in</strong> iioftiles acies fumum, ac pulyeres defcr<br />
Itfhofum (ubSdio Theodofms Auguftus cum parvamanu Gothosdevicit, cujus mem.mt<br />
Claudianus :<br />
nimium diMe DEO ,<br />
ciii militat £ther,<br />
Et conjiirati vemmt ad clajjica venti.<br />
Ita etiam Joannes Auftriacus ad Naupaftum anno 1^22. <strong>in</strong>gentem viaoriam de fornudabiliTurcarum<br />
ctalTe reportavit ; triremes enim ac alia navig.a occupata numerabantur 1^0.<br />
reC^ v^^° "^ves omnes vel Ibbmerfx, vel <strong>in</strong>cendio <strong>per</strong>ierunt.<br />
C^J^^^/^XsSm<br />
adversus Ang osM^<br />
Lnti damno ex<strong>per</strong>tus Philippus Hifpaniarum Rex , dum anno '^88.<br />
?enco depugnavit cum clafle centum & qu<strong>in</strong>quag<strong>in</strong>ta navmm. Et h*c de DiiTertatione ventorum<br />
dicta fufticiant.<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Sufurrones non facile fufcipiendi.<br />
UTaquilamerusoculus eft,etiam<strong>in</strong> Solcm <strong>in</strong>tentus : Sic Politicus non auris, (ed oculus<br />
lit. Videat, non audiat tantiim. UcnlosfidtUs Lyricus; contra <strong>in</strong>fideUs anres Hi- "«''^t.dt<br />
ftoricorumprimusappellat. Menciunturaures fepd, quia mendaciis a<strong>per</strong>iuntur : at "'"•<br />
fallerevillisncfcit, quem non paflio excoecat. Magfs veriras ocHUttafide , cjuum <strong>per</strong> anres a»i- ^"""dat.<br />
mis homiiHm <strong>in</strong>figitur , acrior enim efi ocHloTMm', cfuAm aHr<strong>in</strong>m fe»jHs. Dieiibboles oculus eft,<br />
123<br />
'" ^''^»<br />
«aurisetiamaotlufentic, decipipotelt. H<strong>in</strong>c<strong>in</strong>telligeillamComicihieroglyphicampro. ^"'•fp.t»<br />
Q^ 2 imii
124 Metcorologia<br />
^" " fa<strong>in</strong> : OctdatAno^rafunt manustcredmt-, qmdvident. Vifus <strong>per</strong> fe> auditus <strong>per</strong> accidensconj<strong>in</strong>^cen.3.<br />
jjy^^jj-^ ^ ^^ ^jjq habet, undevivat. Optime itaque re^es,Jiomniadeso<strong>per</strong>am<strong>per</strong>Jpicere,nec(]uid(juam<br />
' ' *Jco!igere-, Agapetusjuft<strong>in</strong>ianofcripfitlm<strong>per</strong>atori : Etenim hom<strong>in</strong>es fe mutHo accujant : alicjHicom.<br />
Stobjer. poJ:tofal/is crimimbus : alii vero <strong>in</strong>cufantes. Contra aliilaudant , alicjuiut res eji , tejlantes , nonnuUiverita-<br />
4^4-, te negldhi grutificantes. Stobaeus. Vulcaniam adi, didudis tbllium faucibus erudant venti<br />
mera funt<br />
ignemlutHant, rc<strong>in</strong>tillasdif<strong>per</strong>guntjadcudendatulm<strong>in</strong>aCyclopibus delcrviunt :<br />
armoium acbellorum<strong>in</strong>ftrumenta,quibusferrea tempora,rcgnorum exitia, bonorumexilia<br />
, <strong>in</strong>colarum ru<strong>in</strong>a, animorum dillidia excitantur. Sufurronum , Delatorumque cenus<br />
eneca<br />
V' '•<br />
tamterreihom<strong>in</strong>es funt. Ventoscientivelutcrabronesauribusobftrepunt ; atdetalifor-<br />
teliom<strong>in</strong>uraSenecamaudi: PeJJimumgenushom<strong>in</strong>um-,videbantur verba gejiare , & funt^ qmvitia<br />
gejiant. Horum /ermo multum nocet. Nam etiamji flatimnonojjicit-,fem<strong>in</strong>a<strong>in</strong> animoreUnqu(t-,fequi.<br />
turquenos ttiam-,cumab illis difceJferimus-,refurre^urumpoFlea malum. Heu! quamcrudelitercre-<br />
dulxnimiumaureshifcefufurrisfuntaccenfa:, ut<strong>in</strong> fangu<strong>in</strong>arias flammas emerfer<strong>in</strong>t.<br />
lura accipe Hadrianum Cx(arem,qui a<strong>per</strong>tas tacile fuggeftionum flabellis aures <strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>ans , Tatianum<br />
Nepotem, Scpticium, Ciarum, aliosque prxcipitato confilio hoftiumlocohabitos<br />
Jj.pn.
Philofophico-Politica. 125<br />
M, ccncittfuttteue , & Uniem fertraBatlone aUcjMa ufiijMe mujico tfeAt. Id paulo prolixlus Ora- Oc.frAg'<br />
torLat<strong>in</strong>us diduxic : Ut wfidthis ac tibiis & cantH ac vocihus ccncentus efl _i]Hiddm tenendus ex di- ment. L.<br />
fi<strong>in</strong>ilis f<strong>in</strong>is t isqite concentm cx diff.tniii\>Ht vtcAns « modtrdtioHe *mitt cottcors e^itur & con^H- yJcRe-<br />
eus : Jic futnmis & <strong>in</strong>fimis & mediis <strong>in</strong>terjeUis srd<strong>in</strong>ibus^utfonis , mederAtk ratJone civitas confenfu dif.<br />
ftmilimerum confifiit j
126 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
^.^^. V^,(~*S.'
Philofophico-Politica. 127<br />
prefla <strong>in</strong> terras decidunt. llnde dum validus fpirat ventus pluvias non timemus ; cum autem<br />
cefTat ventus , mox pluere folet. Analogia etiam efl a pulveie jactato <strong>in</strong> aiirem , diiique ibidemobventorum<br />
natus hxrentem. CWterumunicapxnecauiafufpenlionis e(t, quodnubiumlevitasmajorlit,quamaerismedixregionis<br />
, obhancenim rationemnnumcorpusftac<br />
naturaliter, hoceft, nulli vi extcrna detentumfupra, aut <strong>in</strong>tia aliud corpus, unde lignum<br />
fu<strong>per</strong>natataqux , faxum vero demcrgitur , quia nempe Ijgnum levius eft, (axum gravius<br />
quamaqua: H<strong>in</strong>cquantolevior eftnubes, edaltiiis afcendit, ut fit fupracorpus gravius fe,<br />
licut econtra, quo gravior eft, eo magis defcendit , ut fit <strong>in</strong>tra corpus fe levius , 6c fi ita<br />
condenlkur , utfitgravior, quamacretiam<strong>in</strong>fimxregionis, confcftimtotalubfidet<strong>in</strong>tcr-<br />
ram.<br />
Colliges h<strong>in</strong>c, fabulofijm efte, quod affirmat Antonius Berga 6c Scaliger Exerc. 79.<br />
nubes fulpendi aSoIeviquadam magneticii, quia(icno6te,quando nubesfuntlijpra,Sol <strong>in</strong>-<br />
ira Horizontem , nec amplius illum<strong>in</strong>antur a Sole, univerfx ruerent <strong>in</strong> terram.<br />
Conclufioquarta. Figuranubiumnoneftplana,necrorunda, acterrxconcentrica, fed<br />
irrcgularis,&<strong>in</strong>conftans,varia,dispar,<br />
oriunturque ex varia lucis udmixtione cum quadam opacitate iSc <strong>per</strong>(picuitate;undealiquando<br />
rubrx, aliquandocandidx, 6c aliquandonigrx apparcnt, nam cum valde denlx (unt , atque<br />
adeo parum <strong>per</strong>fpicux , exiguum <strong>in</strong>tra fe lumen (Lifcipiunt, ideoqucvidenturnigrx;<br />
quandoverofuntrai-x, parumhabentopacitatis,ide6queplurimumlumenfu(cipiunt,
128<br />
Mcteorologia<br />
Mane riibens cahm ventnros <strong>in</strong>dicat imbres ;<br />
Sero riibens cwlum, cras <strong>in</strong>dicat ejfeferenum.<br />
Quxresteitio: Nubiumcolorniger, uti& albus quid fignificent 1 Refpondeo quoad<br />
primampaitem ; fi Sol oriens nigrelcat, ccquc pluvias ac ventos portendit, nubium enim<br />
nii^ricans color vaporum conftipationem & confequenter idoneam ventis & pluvix matcriam<br />
notat- & ventos quidem,fi nubium exardo <strong>in</strong> latum diflipatio fiat; pluviam fiSoiis vi c.n um<br />
<strong>in</strong>aqueas partes fiatdiHblutio. Qiiod att<strong>in</strong>etad fecundam partem, dico ; albas nubesa-Itivo<br />
tempore orand<strong>in</strong>es , hyemali vero tempore ni ves <strong>in</strong>dicare. PrcEcipue vero, ciam albx nubes<br />
vef<strong>per</strong>i propeHorizontemapparent,ptrduosf>Epedies,auttres cont<strong>in</strong>uos hyemali tempore<br />
frioorisautnivis<strong>in</strong>diciumpra-bent. Quoetiammagiseodemtemporealbicant, & aer<strong>in</strong>fu<strong>per</strong>poftapparentiamillarumeritcalidiufcu!us,eocertius<br />
nivcs<strong>in</strong>dicabit.<br />
Quoadreliquasaffedionesnubiumobfervaprimo, Nubescrafliores quocunque anni<br />
temporeadHorizontempropedependent, aut montium jugis <strong>in</strong>cumbunt pluviasjportendunt<br />
; fccundo, fi pluviofa nubecula fu<strong>per</strong> montes exoritur, p.aulatimqueaccrelcerevidetur,<br />
<strong>in</strong>gentistempeftatiscertumfignumanautiscom<strong>per</strong>tumeft. Tertio altiftimxnubes <strong>in</strong><br />
nivem potius, quam <strong>in</strong> pluviamconcrefcunt; undelcepe cLim<strong>in</strong>fubjedisvallibuspluit, eodem<br />
tcmpore <strong>in</strong> prtEcelfis montium jugis n<strong>in</strong>git. Quarto nubes profunds colore viridi <strong>in</strong><br />
atrum vergente ciim fulphure & terreis exhaTationibusf<strong>in</strong>tadmodumfo3Ca;;,qu£Eidcircoetiimitacile<strong>in</strong>flammantur^&faaa<strong>in</strong>cenfione&<strong>in</strong>flammatione<br />
congeneres particulas lapideas<br />
•citocongregant, plerumque<strong>in</strong>tempeftatibusgravesm<strong>in</strong>anturiaus&<strong>per</strong>cusfiones.<br />
Colliges, variaetiamquandoqueoftenta&fpedtraapparere <strong>in</strong> nubibus ex fpeciali DEI<br />
ord<strong>in</strong>ationeadfuturoseventus<strong>in</strong>dicandos. Ita anno 1^56. dief. Februarii <strong>in</strong> quodam Hi-<br />
Ipaniaoppido, coeloaquofb &:nubilovifi funt duo adolefcentes armati gladiiscongreificn-<br />
res, quorum unushabebat <strong>in</strong> Ijeva parmam Aquila <strong>in</strong>fignicam cum <strong>in</strong>fcnptione: Reg».ibo',<br />
alter lcutum<strong>per</strong>longumcum<strong>in</strong>fcriptione: Regnavi. Veri^im cum Monomachiam <strong>in</strong>Uicuil-<br />
fent, Aquilamhabcnsproftratohofleviaordemumevafit. Aldrovand. 1. 2. Ornith. cap.2.<br />
Pluraalia^edh-aaereaexdiaisconftant^&paffimabauthoribusannotantur,<br />
Vlndidla:<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Malefaftoribus benefaciendum.<br />
genus aptiflimum tibidifto, Politice, quoituus erubefcere difcat <strong>in</strong>imicus :<br />
opprime eum , nulLim aliam caufitm , c^uam<br />
gjtibd contumtUas nullk crudelitate exec^ucbantur. Quid congruentius, quam Lauro olcam jufigere?<br />
illacapuc, Iijec manum exornat. Speciofius alicjuando <strong>in</strong>jurias v<strong>in</strong>ce beneficiis-, cjuxm mu-<br />
mi.<br />
'
Philolophico-Politica. 139<br />
tui oduferttnaciA fenfkri. Val. Max. Philippus Macedo <strong>in</strong> hoc vel maximd Rex fuit , quod<br />
omnes ferd conviciatores fijos beneficentii tecerit amicos, verc patcrno <strong>in</strong>filiumAlexandruraargumento,quiidproverbiilocodidicit:<br />
Regium e(l-, mde andire , &be»efacere. Speculum<br />
fit tibi Auitria, quae dum Clemencillimaaudit , plures fibi plagas lacerto mitericordix,<br />
quambrachiojuftsEanimadverlionistecit vedigales. Gentilitium ejus umbonemvide; ruboremcandore,la6tefangu<strong>in</strong>emvides<br />
maritutum, ieveritatem vidcs amori jundtum ; at ita,<br />
utf<strong>in</strong>u,&mediofcutic<strong>in</strong>gulo, lacgerat ac candorem ; propiiis ei cordi Clementia, quam<br />
jufticia.<br />
COnclufioprima.<br />
QUyESTIO U.<br />
De Nehiilis,<br />
Nebula^nubedefcendenseftaridiorpars nubis<strong>in</strong>cubansteiris, noQ<br />
enimtotanubesfolvitur<strong>in</strong>pluviam, fed pars ejus aridior <strong>in</strong> nebulam vertitur, ade6,<br />
utnebula (quemadmodum Ariftoceles def<strong>in</strong>it) fit quoddam veluti nubis excrementum,3c<br />
ejus decidentia.Sicut enim <strong>in</strong> rcrum viventium nutricatione, quxdam alimenti<br />
partes<strong>in</strong>ipfamreialitsefubftantiamtaceflxmt, alix <strong>in</strong>utUes 5c excrementitix funt ; ita & <strong>in</strong><br />
nubc qua;dam partes <strong>in</strong> aquam mucancur , alix ad aquam gignendam m<strong>in</strong>us idonex , tanquam<br />
nubisexcremencapoftpluviamremanent.lIndebendoblervacPacer Maurus, quod halicus ^<br />
calorefolari elevatusconftettripliciparte; primapars confiftit <strong>in</strong>partibus fpiritofis ac ficcis,tubentibusnacuramigneam<br />
; fecunda<strong>in</strong> vaporibus humidis oc aqueis; tertia <strong>in</strong> exhalationibuscrallToribus,<br />
acparticipantibusnacuramcerream, iftje tres parces licct<strong>in</strong>itio fimui<br />
afcendant > tamen quia <strong>in</strong>xqualem habent levitatcm ac virtutem alcendendi , <strong>in</strong> progrcflli fe-<br />
R gre-
130<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
gregantur ; &:rumo(itatesquidemigneaE, utpoteleviores,evolant, 3cafcenduntetiamusquc<br />
adtertiamregioncmac;vis,atqueadSphxramtgnis; exhalationes terrex, utpote gravioreSi<br />
dercendL<strong>in</strong>r usque ad <strong>in</strong>fimam regionem aeris, ac remanent i a locis humilioribus ac terrce prop<strong>in</strong>quioribuSjibiqueconcrelcunt<strong>in</strong>nebLilas&calig<strong>in</strong>cs;<br />
vaporeshumidiutpote medii <strong>in</strong> le-<br />
vitaccfiftunt<strong>in</strong> fecundaregioneacibi concrefcunt <strong>in</strong> nubes. Et ex hujusmodi nebulis fa-<br />
£ta;(ijntl<strong>in</strong>edubio/Egyptiacxillaetenebrx,quxpoterantpalpari; 6c propter nebulx denfitatem<br />
motumlocalemimpediebant. Atquehxcprimanebulaefpeciesell; , quse defcenditS<br />
nubibus. Ex his fubfequens dubium re(blves<br />
Cur hxcnebula&caligof<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>lxcundx aquarum 6c non relblvantur <strong>in</strong> pluvlam , quia<br />
nempe conftat exhalationibusterreis&: tieculentis, atque ideo nonrelblubilibus<strong>in</strong> aquam;<br />
de<strong>in</strong>deeciamrationeloci; nubesenim, cLimf<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>loco frigido
Philofophico-Politica, 131<br />
Conclufio quarta. Nebuls afcendentes<strong>in</strong>genitoternE calorepotiiis,quamradiisfolaribus<br />
excicaiuur. Maneequidem, vel vef<strong>per</strong>i fxpius ; raro fole fervido terram obducunt,<br />
fubitoetiamtotumhoiizoatem complent, atque cx certis locis erumpunt, qux omnia nora<br />
cadunt <strong>in</strong> vaporcs a Sole actractos. Ex diftis<br />
Colligesprimo: cx humidioribus &: humilioribus terrse locis , ex paluftribus Sc flum<strong>in</strong>ibus<br />
trequentius & majori copia elcvar<strong>in</strong>ebulas , quam ex locis aridis, exceUis , ac ventorum<br />
flatibus expolicis.<br />
Colligesfecundo; nebulas dilliparivcISolis<strong>in</strong>illasagentisvirtute , vel ventorum flatu><br />
aut etiam repent<strong>in</strong>x pluvix lapCu.<br />
CoIIigestertio. Dummane tuerunt nebula: , meridiem fieri calidiorem , lic^t enim<br />
illascalorSolis dilculferit, aerem ctiamdiflipatifaciunt denfiorem, calorautem<strong>in</strong> denfiori<br />
materia receptus, magiseftadtivus.<br />
Colliges quarto. Aliquasnebulasprorfusefleaqueas, aliasvifcofas&limum exquaTi-<br />
tatc corporis , ex quo fublimantur, congenitum habere, quae abaquisputrcfcentibusexipi-<br />
rant, ut diitum cft , fsecorem habent , tuflTmque creant , & noxice funt; unde urbes paludibus<br />
aut bcubus adlitx m<strong>in</strong>us falubreshabentur. Huc refi^rri poterit, quodGcrardusde<br />
Veer <strong>in</strong> defcript. fecundcc navigac. Batav. anno ifgy. memorat, dum Icribit, nebulasadeo craf-<br />
(as, acque <strong>in</strong>gentium guttarum cerramillam obfidere , quarum unica eciam ferd communepotorium<br />
vitrum admediecacemimplerevalet: foletetiamnebuloiaillaaqua valdd<strong>in</strong>gralum<br />
farcorem exhalare. Simiiiter Icribit idem, dum 4 S^w/V/co /)or;« folver<strong>in</strong>t , tam crafll<br />
nctulatuiflenavcsobte(5tas,utexunanaviadaIteram,qux primo vixadlapidis jadtumdiftabat,<br />
pvofpicere nequiver<strong>in</strong>t , etiam ob nimiummadorem funes naucicos bene , ucvolebant,<br />
tra(itarcnoiivalucnnt; neetiamipl<strong>in</strong>aves<strong>in</strong>progreiru<strong>in</strong>fe<strong>in</strong>vicem imp<strong>in</strong>gercnt, cont<strong>in</strong>uo<br />
bucc<strong>in</strong>arum , iclopetorum exoneratorum atque tormentorum exploforum Ibnitu , <strong>in</strong>vicem le<br />
moncrc dcbuer<strong>in</strong>t.<br />
Colligesqu<strong>in</strong>to. Nebulofistemporibus miasmapeftiferum facilius transfertur; unde<br />
tunc plures <strong>in</strong>hciuntur, ac<strong>in</strong>cereunt ; ab iisigiturpeftistemporemaximecavendum.<br />
Cclliges (exto. Nebuiofatempora func lerenis calidiora cceteris pavcius , ratio eft,<br />
quia ferena tcmpora funt cxhalacionibus magis ex<strong>per</strong>tia ; nebuloia vero funt plena exhala><br />
tionibus, quaefuocaloreaerem calctaciunt.<br />
CoUigcs feptimo. Nebula; Autumni tempore <strong>in</strong> his regionibus noftris funt frequentiorcs,quodcerra<br />
tunctacilius& uberiiisevaporec. Quxveroverno tempore, poftquamter-<br />
ra diu i?;:lu conftridatuit,ac<strong>in</strong>primis<strong>in</strong>Marcioconc<strong>in</strong>gunt , <strong>in</strong>falubriores cenlentur.<br />
Co!iigcso£lavo. Nebulx, quac immediacepoftpluviam <strong>in</strong>cerdum timoncibus furgunt,<br />
fiuntex iisvaporibus liccis,quospIuvia<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>anerepevtos (uolapfii depreflit, illi vero, quia<br />
ob ficcitatemfuam<strong>in</strong>aquas relblvi non potfunt, rurtus levitate lua <strong>in</strong> tublime contendunt,<br />
locum, undcpulli lianc, repeticuri.<br />
Colligesnono. NcbulascerramfJECundare > quiafunttxculents & cratTae, atque adeo<br />
adficcundandumapta; ; trumentotamen 6c frudibusmaturis, vel prop<strong>in</strong>quismaturicaci noxiac<br />
funt , quiacu<strong>in</strong> nnt tevrex& fatis ficcx, exlijgunt humorem trumenti&tiuduum. Re-<br />
fiert tamcn lofcphus a Cofta lib. ^. c. 2i. ubi aPeruvianis montibus Ari^ua , & Arcqniepa <strong>in</strong><br />
campi plamtiem defcenditur, jamalongetefcconfpedtui orteruntduo colles, quorumunus<br />
altcropauloaltiov, clarior & lucidior comparet, aiter vero pviore demitlior , & oblcuiior.<br />
Solct hic nebula rorida(cum nullxibi decidantpluvix) omnem irrigationis pluvialisdeteftumcompenfare,<br />
fatisquemire conduccre. Etlicdtetiara <strong>in</strong> earegione profluences aqua:<br />
<strong>per</strong> campos deducancur, roscamen
132<br />
Metcorologia<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Ingratitudo vitium commune.<br />
40.<br />
jsr.^ho.<br />
'WaH^artffsJfseph SKajljnzi del.Xihj:y .C.Sf.<br />
c aiblevatus <strong>in</strong>aaisre^ionem, atque ad fublimions domic. u fedcm promotus nebulofuS<br />
vJaporT quam <strong>in</strong>^rams fit , quis non vidct \ Solis admm.culo levatus ohumbrat leyan-<br />
^<br />
tem. AuPufto Ulius oculo velum obducit , ne <strong>in</strong> .nfenora derp.c.a^ E cum velutex<br />
luto, aureo Nronarcharuccoilante,emerIcrit,Promotoreme)CCcecat.<br />
li<br />
Nebulafu.ft.,mgra.<br />
teSab<strong>in</strong>orum RexTati ; Tarpej^E o<strong>per</strong>a Romanum occupaft. Cap.tol.um , levantem ad<br />
umbrasabTegafti, promJtricem luffocafti. Nebula fuift. .ngrate Jafon : Mede^ ope yel.<br />
luTaureum ,^& <strong>in</strong>fignem deM<strong>in</strong>otauro viaori«m reportafti; fqualore & ^rumms opjrcf:<br />
famBenefaaricem leftituifti. Anguis <strong>in</strong> (<strong>in</strong>u eft, qu. benefic.um non agnofcit Lup cauh^f<br />
eftTqui beneficium feaccepifte negat; at omni t.gr.de pejor eft, qu. beneficK> makfi.<br />
crm redcHt. In lngr.titH^^ne nU mdi non <strong>in</strong>eft , enuncav.t C.cero. Ex<strong>per</strong>to crede. Hurwr.<br />
.^lus facundia paulo ante Sc nom<strong>in</strong>is commendationem,
Philofophico-Politica, 133<br />
«fundit. Qy6 magts impletur , magis <strong>in</strong>de, velut Luna pkna , reccdic : pro gratia odium<br />
redditur. Corn. Tac. ubera plena fiunc (copus homicidii , quaiirer <strong>in</strong> Tiienaionica: matris<br />
pectus Antipater detiEviit. Quos luis fumptibus aluit canes Adbeon , carnifices fentit <strong>in</strong> proprium<br />
herum <strong>in</strong>gratos. Argumentum tyrannidisded^reArhcnx<strong>in</strong>Ariftide, Themiftoclc,<br />
&<strong>per</strong>icle: Roma <strong>in</strong> Coriolano , Camillo , &Tullio , igni&; aqua <strong>in</strong>terdidis, a quibus ple-<br />
nis beneficiorum fluentis rigabantur. Ita veriflime queftus Seneca , qui & iple lad:e la-<br />
pientiac Neronem , humanam illa<strong>in</strong> belluam , nutriens , langu<strong>in</strong>cm tudit : Beneficia <strong>in</strong> fc-lHs<br />
verjdfiuit , & jnngHim corHtn non fnrcitwr^ fre quibus Janguis fttndtndw efi, CUdie of venenu ie/ie-<br />
ficiafiijmmitr.<br />
Ne pro<strong>in</strong>de ab <strong>in</strong>gracis excacceris, beneficia ccecus non conferas. Libcralitas ratio-<br />
nalis fit. Laudabiliter erogatur, quod datur dignis. Non nummum oculis exam<strong>in</strong>a, (ed<br />
cui das, <strong>per</strong>fonam. Immerenti qui tribuit , fibi necem emjt , vi<strong>per</strong>am educat. Merccur<br />
nihil, qui immeritosprsBmiisornat. Nam
134<br />
Mctcorologia<br />
guttas maximas Sc Cte
Philorophico-Politica. 13^<br />
carl, SolisardoremaderercribitLira ri<strong>in</strong>io. Fortd quia terra fpongix <strong>in</strong>ftar porofa aUapfbs<br />
imbrcsllaci<strong>in</strong>abtoiltet<strong>in</strong>proti<strong>in</strong>dum, maxime li aquam haberet llibterraneam ; vice verla<br />
vero prolicientc Solis ardore, taciiis <strong>per</strong> eosdem poros vapor alcendit , qui ubi aerem trigidiorcm<br />
(onlciit, <strong>in</strong>humoremabiens terrammaderetacit.<br />
(^i.trci hicprimo: Cur imbres f<strong>in</strong>t trequentiores<strong>in</strong>hyemejquam<strong>in</strong>fcflare; Retpon.<br />
deo : Kationcm elie, quiasttate major eft calor , confequenter pluvi.E debent G(\^e <strong>in</strong>trequen-<br />
tiores, nam pkivix non oriuntur proxim^ ex eo, quia vapores elcvantur furfum, quod eft opus<br />
caloris,ledexco,quiavaporeselevaticonden(ancur> &:cadunrdeorsum, quod eft opus trigoris;<br />
<strong>in</strong>xftaceautemviget®natcalor; undevapores elevantur & alcendunt; hyeme<br />
vero, ciim regnet trigus, vaporeselevati gravetcunt , & detcendunt deorfum <strong>in</strong> pluvias. H<strong>in</strong>c<br />
colligitAiiftoteles textu46.1ib. I. Met. dari mirabilem circulationem vaporum atcendentium,<br />
&;delccndentium,qux circulatioimitaturcirculumSolis, qui dummovetur<strong>per</strong>Zodiacum,<br />
modoacceditadnoftrumverticem,dum a Tropico Capricorni progreditur adTropicumCancri^&cauljt<br />
itftatem:modoreceditanoftrovertice,dum a Tropico Cancriregreditur<br />
adTiopicumCapicorni, &:cau(athyemem. Similiter crgoaquiExftateconvertuntur<br />
<strong>in</strong>aquam,&:rcriuuntdeoifum<strong>per</strong>pluvias, nives&c. ideohyemeabundantaqu£eiQterris,ut<br />
pacetexredundantiaflum<strong>in</strong>um, lacuum,fontium
136 Mcteorologia<br />
QuGcres feptimo : Quantum pluvia penetret terram, <strong>in</strong>trorfumque defcendat T Rcfpondeo,<br />
nullampluviameircadeomagnam&<strong>per</strong>ennem, utterram penetret
M<br />
\.2nifici animi munifici funt.<br />
Philofophico-Policica. 157<br />
Clauflentla non eft res familiaris, cum communicatio.<br />
ni nacus lit homo. Non decet pelRilum obducere peiilori , quod univerlis debet patere<br />
Ncc conllric^amanusPoliticumornat,c|uiLongimanuslitoportet. Solomnu<br />
buslucet, Luna<strong>in</strong>numeriscomititalidcribusetiamteras ducitadpabulum : Etpluviamanac<br />
<strong>in</strong>cublicum: Dives Inomncs'. Nobilcs^c ignobiles plantas irrigac , l<strong>in</strong>um gent univerlalcm.<br />
Diem C^lar <strong>per</strong>didic, quo nemimbcnefecit. In votis muniHcentiaeratlheodoncoRegi:<br />
OrL*;r>..oL dicmflc.Hmb.r,cfu-i:sr,oj}ris,xc.rrcre. Nihil adco attrah.t ad benevolentu ^^-<br />
^^' '•<br />
•<br />
am , ut donorum gratia , qux datur <strong>in</strong>digis. Ego, <strong>in</strong>quit Cyrus , O-DHs defervio , cr flura^' t-<br />
(em<strong>per</strong> apfeto '. 1'crum nhi oves comp.travi , r^s nfum mihi Jufjicicntem excedere video his utwrHm<br />
,<br />
'j,Zrix Zedeor , & homi»es dita„do , & bcncjiciis ajfciendo , bemvolemiam ex eis, amorem^<br />
rsc'!/ ^'<br />
hipiro, dequihm & fecuntatis &glori^ fruEhim capio. Non tam tuum vid-en debct quod pol- , ^- y<br />
fides , quam quod dedifti. Non proiunditur , quod liberalicer efflmditur. In tuam redun.P «•<br />
dattamam, quod <strong>in</strong> iublevandam exundat alterius famem. Semen eft glorice , quoaiiena;<br />
luccurris <strong>in</strong>opix. Quidquid <strong>in</strong> Ci^cntium promanat fublidium , m tuum remanat emo umentum<br />
, ut illc , qui cundta ambitOceanus , quasaiggeritaquasterris, recipit u terns : Ita<br />
tibireriuit , quod c manibus effluit, tu^ conlulis tamx, ciim redduo te exoneras ^re. Lu-<br />
cnris gloriam , ciim das pccuniam revcrluram. Fit limpidior , cum haunrur aqua : Iibe.<br />
ralitaterplendefcit dantis claricudo. mi^rite exme, tanqHam ex /V;7«, glonoio hoc eftato pn-^- •<br />
micias regni fubiit Velpafianus Imp. Qnx , quxfo , oratio potiuflet m animos , aui-^sq^e ^f<br />
<strong>in</strong>Huere blandius , aut cor &venas <strong>in</strong>igare benignius ? Nilum , fpem annonce , ac prodro- *<br />
mum , imo parentcm ubertatis relpiciunt iEgyptii. Fac , oculi omnium u te relpiciant,<br />
fontem liberalitatis. Nilus ^gvpciorum crelum eft : liberaliter erogando ipli Num<strong>in</strong>i ap.<br />
prop<strong>in</strong>quas : nihil enim tam Divmum eft hom<strong>in</strong>i, quam dc alus bene meren, non tam elt<br />
proprium (ublimi animo divitias pollidere , quam elargiri. Opes polTidet , ut opem terat.<br />
arrarium veaigalibus affluit , ut ari alieno fuccurrac: «Sc quod accepit , redclat. Non prodeftlbmentem<br />
domi claudere ; Ipargatur<strong>in</strong> terram, quam pluvui irngec. Infaftigio tetor.<br />
tuna locavic \ montes <strong>in</strong>teriores la-cundantvalles, reddendo, quas(ufcipiuntaqu«s : tuiii<br />
j^.^ j^^^^<br />
aureos imbres cum Augufto eftundaris. Illud ( dicebat ) amplitHd<strong>in</strong>is me^ fit te\UmomHm ,o.<br />
mne, heneftcem^ promereri. Otiolus <strong>in</strong> arca turgec Ganges aureus , <strong>in</strong> nvulos debet exunda-<br />
re , Servorum eft ad metalla damnari : tibi ip(i <strong>in</strong>lamis es , fi tenax es aun. Uixilic te-<br />
runt Maximilianum I. Auftriacum : (^jarUatem mn exfpetlare preces hom<strong>in</strong>is egentis , fed t,bi<br />
ntcelfitatem vidit , a»te preces opitHlatnr , & aHxiliHm fert. Ab avita hac gloria Ip<strong>in</strong>tum haiu ^^^^^ ^^<br />
fitFerd<strong>in</strong>andus II. idem Auftriacus Imp. Hx emm InRomamfoUo fedit , beneficentiA laude Eidem ^^^.^<br />
comparandHS , lepide ali^H^ndo jocaius '. gratiffimHmfhifore dlxit , fi mvam auri fod<strong>in</strong>am {»,) mterrts ^^^.^_^^<br />
VEUS aptTHiffet , mn utfihi opes aggregaret , fed m aliis , itHm feterent , daret.<br />
Conciudo<br />
QU^STIO IV.<br />
'De Nubifragio*<br />
prima. Si nubes non fenlim & <strong>per</strong> guttas refolvatur , fed repent<strong>in</strong>o imbre<br />
deflu.it, nubifragium dicicur , quo <strong>in</strong>cegras repcnce urbes occupacas, hom<strong>in</strong>es,<br />
jumenta,dom6sque"merfos efle , qucevis atas vidit. Fitverohoc, non quodnubes<br />
vertici moncis impada rumpacur, & aquam f<strong>in</strong>u contentam limul etfundac , nullxquippe<br />
tales<strong>in</strong> nubibus aqux ; fed (i lepcnt<strong>in</strong>um nubibus frigus <strong>in</strong>gruat , quod easfimul<strong>in</strong> aquam<br />
condcnfct. MemorantHiftorici , <strong>in</strong>RcgioneMexicana tanto impetu ruere imbres , uc la.<br />
pfuhom<strong>in</strong>es<strong>in</strong>terficiant. Ex tali nubitragiom<strong>in</strong>imeheripoterat diluvium Noeticum,ci<strong>in</strong>i<br />
ncc<strong>in</strong> mari , raceo <strong>in</strong> acre,tantiim (it aquarum , ut pofl<strong>in</strong>t tegere etiam fu<strong>in</strong>mos montes;<br />
tancum enim fuit diluvium , ut S. Scripturx teftimonio aquaad qu<strong>in</strong>dcnos cubitos cacum<strong>in</strong>amontiumcxcefferit.<br />
Nubifragium tamentalecontigit apudFIandros<strong>in</strong>Belgioan.Chr,<br />
1014. dum magna nubium molcs ex improvilb e coelo delapla, <strong>in</strong>gentisilluvionis caufaexllitit<br />
, acmuita millia hom<strong>in</strong>um (ijftbcavit. Similiter anno Dom<strong>in</strong>i 142T, <strong>in</strong> f<strong>in</strong>ibiis Dordra.<br />
ccni, utretertBcyeri<strong>in</strong>ck, taleex difrolutisrepent^ nubibusortum cft fub mcdia<strong>in</strong> nodem,<br />
unde <strong>in</strong>gens Rheni , Mofx , & Vahalis <strong>in</strong>undatio fublecuta , qux 72. pagos <strong>in</strong>vol.<br />
vic , &<br />
<strong>in</strong> iis facile ccncum hom<strong>in</strong>um millia dcmerlit, Ferunt fub idtcmpus maximam<br />
tadaverum congeriem tiu.xu aquarumrcdeuncium adlitcoraZi/landix&flandriseadvedtam,<br />
S (^u<strong>in</strong><br />
"
138<br />
Meteorologm<br />
Qu<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>fantes aliquot Antverpiam appuUi <strong>in</strong> fifcelUs lUis five cunis , ac plei ii^ue iilorum ab<br />
aquis fumpti nomenMoyfes meruerunt , diuque lu<strong>per</strong>vixerunt, ceu reliquise demeilorum<br />
pagorum. Plura fimilia paflim <strong>in</strong> Auchoribus <strong>in</strong>venies.<br />
Conclufio fecunda, Diverfeacprodigiofepluvijealiquandocvenen<strong>in</strong>t^&evenire poC<br />
funt , quaiis eit fangu<strong>in</strong>ea , ladlea , carnea , lanea , ferrea , lateritia , &: fimiles , de quibus<br />
videri poteft Fromondus lib. f. cap. 6. adt. 5. Pluvia fangu<strong>in</strong>ea dicitur , quando aqua de.<br />
cidens rubra efl ; fic RomiE pluit ut teflatur Dio ante ntcem Neronis. Plutarchus etiam<br />
refert , poftCimbricam cladem fangu<strong>in</strong>camde coElopluviamcecidifTe. Similiteranno poft<br />
urbem Romanam conditam 626. <strong>in</strong> oppido Ca:re fangu<strong>in</strong>e pluit. Secutus eventus terribilis,<br />
Ptolomxiis enim Everg«tes ob nimiam tyrannidem regno puifus , cui <strong>in</strong> regnum fbror &<br />
uxor ejusCleopatra, quam priusrepudiarat, fubrogata. Illeex<strong>in</strong>de ira excandefcens,filium,quemexCleopatragenuerat,<br />
maftavit,acmatriReg<strong>in</strong>xc3put enfe crudeliter refeftum,manusquoque<br />
Sc pedes prECcifbs transmittit. DumSuecisregnum obt<strong>in</strong>uit Birgerius Mafrn\.]S<br />
pmpc Km^fiaholmtfim guitx pariter fangu<strong>in</strong>eEe ex nubibus cecidifTememorantur. Paucis<br />
deh<strong>in</strong>canuis RexBirgerus duosfi-atesfuosWaldemerum, &Ericum teterrimo<strong>in</strong>clufitcar-<br />
ceri atque fame & fJEtore eos <strong>in</strong>teremit. Cujustyrannidis impatientes fiibditi rebellarunt<br />
atque throno eum & regno exuerunt , Scheferus memorab. Suec. c. 2. InSueviaanno<br />
15-34. fimilis pluviaveflescrucibus rubrist<strong>in</strong>gebat,ficut&annoi6oi.<strong>in</strong>Be!giocrucibusrubris<br />
pluit , <strong>in</strong> vefles etiam ciflis <strong>in</strong>clufas , imo illis etiam corpora hom<strong>in</strong>um fignabantur , duravitque<br />
prodigiumanno <strong>in</strong>tegro. NoviflTme etiam anno ifigi.diejg.Decembrisvcf<strong>per</strong>ihaud proculab<br />
urbeLubecenfi ad locum alias ^umlO^XWCVdl didtum fangu<strong>in</strong>e pluit , qui a Re<strong>in</strong>feldenfibus<strong>in</strong>colis,<br />
fupra glaciem&nivem guttatim dif<strong>per</strong>fus fiiitobfervatus, aliquibus autem<br />
<strong>in</strong>locis copiofeprojeftus ulnam latitud<strong>in</strong>e complexus eft.<br />
Pluvia ladtea fuit, utmemoratLiviusDecad. 3.1ib.7.& alii Hiftorici anno ab urbe condita<br />
tribus diebusRomsConfulibus Publ.Scipione 6c L.Calphurnio quam fecutum fuit bellum<br />
Jugurth<strong>in</strong>um. Carnibuspluit <strong>in</strong> Liguria (i.ib Callifto tertio, & alias fiepius, ut refert Pl<strong>in</strong>i.<br />
us. Ranas,mures, coIubros,pu]ices , locuftas&alia idgenerispluere tritumeft, In Velauniistantum<br />
erucarumuna nodte deciditde coelo , quemadmodum Dalecamp. ad lib. 2,<br />
Pl<strong>in</strong>iic.y6.mem<strong>in</strong>it,ut eas <strong>in</strong> domosreptantesbiduototoaccenfapalea urerenecefTumfuerit,<br />
vix ad id lufEciente hom<strong>in</strong>um mulierumque turba. Joann. Willanius narrat, fiib Im<strong>per</strong>atore<br />
Carolp [348. <strong>in</strong> fu<strong>per</strong>ioriAfia ac regnoCathay <strong>in</strong>gentemcopiam vermium , & m<strong>in</strong>utorum<br />
ferpentum exaet^cecidiffe, qui fittore fiio totam terram lilam <strong>in</strong>tiscerunt; unde<br />
etiampeftisenata,quaeprimo Afiam,de<strong>in</strong>de.iEgyptum, Afiricam, Grafciam, Italiamtandem<br />
&Galliam, Hifpaniam, &Angliam, uldmb vero &;Germaniam<strong>in</strong>vadenslamentabiIifliaee<br />
<strong>in</strong>gentem hom<strong>in</strong>um multitud<strong>in</strong>em abripuic. Memorat etiamjonftonus <strong>in</strong>ter admiranda,<br />
fe certo com<strong>per</strong>tum habere , aliquando copiofe Pifcibus pluifte nooprocul a Regiomorite <strong>in</strong><br />
Pruflia, itautvisquoque&pratapifcibus fuer<strong>in</strong>trepleta,fdqueipfumex pifcibusilliscome-<br />
diffe unacumparentibusfuis. Annoi^g^. fupraConftant<strong>in</strong>opoIimatranubes apparuit,quac<br />
cum foluta fuiffet <strong>in</strong> pluviam maximam una fecwm locuftarum copiam eftudit , quse<br />
mox omne gramen depaftce fuerunc. Similis locuftarum pluvia Francofiirti ad Oderam<br />
proximis abh<strong>in</strong>cannisdecidit,unde<strong>in</strong>gensdamnumemerfit. Eodem annofupramemorato<br />
<strong>in</strong> Croatia propd caftellumXX)if]iiQ ex atranube cum immodica pluvia anferes & anates<br />
<strong>in</strong>maxima copia decidiffe tradit I. Leunclajus <strong>in</strong> addic ad Chron.Turc. Qu<strong>in</strong>ta de<strong>in</strong>d^<br />
nodle<strong>in</strong> duas acies fe colIegifTe ac<strong>in</strong>vicem non fccusacduoshoftiles exercitus fefe <strong>in</strong>vafifTe<br />
& impugnafTe multis eorum millibus <strong>in</strong>cerfisdliis , ica ut <strong>in</strong>cols , ac milites ibidem cxeuntes<br />
magnameorumcopiam colleger<strong>in</strong>t & uni nonnunquamcentum, ducentae^imb&quadr<strong>in</strong>gentse<br />
volucres pro fpolioadlautum vidlumcefTer<strong>in</strong>t. Reliqui autemanferesvi6tores,utidem<br />
Author refert, accedentibus hom<strong>in</strong>ibus<strong>in</strong> duas fe curmascolligentes , alib avolarunt.<br />
In Qu^icenfi Prov<strong>in</strong>cia coelo eciam ferenononnunquam <strong>in</strong> ipfo aere vermes excludi fisrunt,<br />
qui <strong>in</strong> ccrram lapfi <strong>in</strong> angues vercuntur bicaudatos , ea qualitate imbutos, utquemcunquc<br />
momorder<strong>in</strong>t, eundem ftatim refblutis fangu<strong>in</strong>is oftiis non tantum ex omnibus naturic orificiis<br />
fed&<strong>per</strong> ipfbs poroscruoremprofundereusqueadultimum hom<strong>in</strong>isexiciumcogunt,nullo<br />
adhuccontra tamimm.anemalum <strong>in</strong>ventoremedio. Kirch. lib, dePefteSec.j. c.j. exAnnalibus<br />
Americanis,<br />
His fubjugendx etiam funt aliarura rerum pluviix; mirabiles. L<strong>in</strong>thurius oblervat <strong>in</strong><br />
FafiicHlo Anni 1496. prope oppidum Munckf<strong>per</strong>ge ptracfaD. Margaretharfeftivicatelapidcs<br />
ccelodejedos, <strong>in</strong>quibusvifkfunthom<strong>in</strong>um facics ,
Philofophico-Politica. 1^9<br />
fio. <strong>in</strong>quit Cardanuslib.i4,c.72.
i40<br />
Mcteorologia<br />
TertioiPifcibus, vermibus,ranis poteftpluere, vel quando vircofa exhalatio , &: (<strong>per</strong>matica<br />
diOiorum animalium corpufcula una cum vapore aqueoex ftagnis& paludibus eievata<br />
accedentecaloreSolis variecommifcentur, atqueadilkid<strong>per</strong>veniunt tem<strong>per</strong>amentum,<br />
utad formam viventis proximd difpolita abAuthore naturx vitam, motumque obt<strong>in</strong>eantj<br />
nonaiiter, quam hic <strong>in</strong> terra mures , ranas nafci videmus. Sic <strong>in</strong> Martiis nivibus diutiiis<br />
aftcrvatis mures natos vidimus. Et cur <strong>in</strong> aere non poilit natura , quod ars praefumit <strong>in</strong> terra.<br />
Qui veteres lumbricos ficcatos <strong>in</strong> poll<strong>in</strong>em redegerit , valique terra p<strong>in</strong>gui , & aqua duld<br />
rcpleto immiferit, ac <strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>tervallairroraverit, <strong>in</strong>gentcm previ lumbricorum multitud<strong>in</strong>em<br />
afpiciet. Ranasprodufturus, limum, <strong>in</strong>quopa uftresranar nidularifolenr, accipiat,&So-<br />
li expofitum tepidi fenfim irriget , limus hic calefaftus grandem ranarum numerum dabit.<br />
Eadem arte ferpentes generantur. Secundo , fimilibus animalibus pluere poteft , quando vi<br />
ventorume montium pifc<strong>in</strong>is,aliisve locisabripiuntur , aliund^que <strong>in</strong> aerem transportantur,<br />
& ita cum pluviis <strong>in</strong> terram ecoelo dejiciuntur.<br />
Quarto. Carnem, cretam, terram &:lutum ciim pluviisdecidere puta , quando pnep<strong>in</strong>guis<br />
Pliilofophico-Poiitica.<br />
cie frieus accipient, & <strong>in</strong> aquam concrefccnt , nec fecus ac pluvia cubiculum irrorabunt.<br />
Sipluviam fangu<strong>in</strong>eam exhibere voles, loc6aqu3E<strong>in</strong>quatuorcubiculianguhsUxmum,auc<br />
aqua m<strong>in</strong>io colorata pru<strong>in</strong>is imponatur,<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Abundantia faepe nocet.<br />
\-L-r,,:, JJ:,'.', X-J<br />
NUllibi magis timendum <strong>in</strong>fortunium , quim <strong>in</strong> apice fortunsc. Gradus ad ru<strong>in</strong>am abt<br />
undantia eft. Tenacius ielicitatis exceffui a pedibus eft <strong>per</strong>nicies , quam umbra luci^<br />
fp<strong>in</strong>arofs adhaeret. Statio altidimacatLii eft <strong>per</strong>iculofilfima. Affluxus bonorum fep^<strong>in</strong>exundantiamdegenerat,<br />
utfimultanca rap<strong>in</strong>i collantur omnia , qux f<strong>in</strong>gillatim advcnerunt.<br />
Si <strong>per</strong> ftillicidiafe pluvia <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>uat , paulatim.illabendo terram fbecundat. Deprxmuntur<br />
onere fata , devolvuntur d montibus faxa , tefta turresque Ixduntur, quando profufonimium<br />
f<strong>in</strong>unubium cataratlx firanguntut. Quando univerfij uno psend ambitupotituseftPeloponnefoiEgides(Plutarchumaudis)dum<br />
<strong>in</strong>fummo ftat, pundtotemporis rurfus^^^afc<br />
abomnibus excidit. Admaturitatemquandonimiampomum <strong>per</strong>venit, averme arroditur.^Xr-A^,<br />
Fortuna , quando <strong>in</strong> copia fruditicat , putrefcit. Ita navi exoncrata: ad crepid<strong>in</strong>em pro-<br />
cellce certum m<strong>in</strong>teritu m<strong>in</strong>antur. Et non cft peftilentior Saturno Planeta , quia fupremo <strong>in</strong>ter<br />
nodturnos orbeslococollocatus. Cumplenoftatorbe noftisDom<strong>in</strong>aLuna, m<strong>in</strong>uitur:<br />
imo nonnifi plena eclipfatur , ac <strong>in</strong> umbras <strong>in</strong>volvitur : crefcit , ut def<strong>in</strong>at. In orbe ftas?<br />
orbem gubernas 'i NMi fortunA mtnks , e\nAm ofttm*. criditur. Sencca, Qbertas fruftum<br />
ramos refr<strong>in</strong>git, ur<strong>in</strong>atorem(f3oliorumcopiamergit. Poftquamviftoriarumtrophxisdivcs<br />
VifafUgio ftabatBelifarius, quafi altius neiciret eum toUere fbrtuna) dejecit .& uc csciso-<br />
S 3<br />
eulis<br />
14^
142<br />
Metcorologia<br />
culis yideat , quld fit felicem efle > depau<strong>per</strong>avit. Nempe Fortma divttibus pecmia »o» do»ault^<br />
fedmntuo dedit.Bio.OYo repofuit, quadedit. Piiblianum eft. Qu^andoquidem haec ipfa <strong>in</strong> telici-<br />
Tlut Sym ^^^^ <strong>in</strong>felicitas eft , quod nunquam fit f<strong>in</strong>cera, aut <strong>per</strong>fedta, aut <strong>per</strong>petua. Corpora , Hbiad<br />
'<br />
j. f l 'fnmmum feife^a [imt vigorem , non confsiunt , jcd momento <strong>in</strong> contrar<strong>in</strong>m impellmtur. Plut. Ipfc fi-<br />
' '* " ' derum Pr<strong>in</strong>ceps , aureusque didator alcendendodefcendit; <strong>in</strong> apice dum ftat , mergitur.<br />
Quidamoenius difcurrente <strong>per</strong> aerem flammula, aut e candidiftimacera radiante? Innovit<br />
fitno fiimus eft, afcendendo vanefcit. Omnis mundi fplendor, & braccatt? gloria gentis><br />
quo fublimiLJSenititur,velociusdifparet.- Fulgurafunthonorumacfelicicatisradii;dumtenentur,<br />
non fimt. Dum nitent , cadunt; dum cumefcunt, <strong>in</strong>anefcunt. Quxvis dies illis<br />
„ . , criticus eft-, imo quodvis momentum climaftericum. llle aicenfus fatalis horoicopus eft»<br />
^'^"<br />
'^'^:<br />
"'<br />
; qui <strong>in</strong> Spha;ra felicitatis ftatuit , NoneftiflafoUda&f<strong>in</strong>cerafelicitas, CruflaeH , & ejuidem tenHts,<br />
• Jseneca. JoannisCaftiliaERegisfavorDidacumAriasplenovultu arrifit; fufpedtus ei fem<strong>per</strong><br />
fuit meridies gratite; clavum libi optabat; cum ut <strong>in</strong>ftabilem Pr<strong>in</strong>cipis gratiam , fi <strong>in</strong> fummo<br />
eft, figeret: tum ut fbrtunce rotam det<strong>in</strong>eret ; ne, qtiem <strong>in</strong> fublimilocavit, ad ima dc-<br />
Sen.ep,se, pj-i,-neret. Res eH<strong>in</strong>quietafelicitas ; aliielidentur , aliicadent. Scn. Cafibus exponitur , qui pro-<br />
movetur. Quo prop<strong>in</strong>quior coelo eft vertex montis, c6 fialiu<strong>in</strong>i obvius magis exponitur,<br />
Ovid.s. Quantomagis blanditur fbrtuna, decipit. Inopem me copia fecit , apudNafbnemfirudtuum umetam.<br />
hettate preffa pomus <strong>in</strong>gem<strong>in</strong>at: & apud eundem nux nucibus plena : Noctt , effeferacem,<br />
Jdemekg. Copiam timcfuge abundantiam. Nam ubi turmatim & coUedtoagm<strong>in</strong>eapes volitanc,pr3E.<br />
de Nuce. (ai.iunt imbrem ; & mel immoderatum nocec.<br />
^riill.O. ^<br />
fr- QU.ESTIOV.<br />
COnclufio<br />
prima. Nix efl concretio vaporis refbluti <strong>in</strong> aquam m<strong>in</strong>utifllmam, qui vapor<br />
antequam fbrmetur <strong>in</strong> guttas, dum adhuc habet admiftummultiimaeris,(Scaliquid<br />
exhalationisficca;, fu<strong>per</strong>veniente fiigoredenfiflimocosgulatur, 6c copulatis<strong>in</strong>vicem<br />
pluribus particulis fbrmatur <strong>in</strong> floccos. Materia,igitur nivis eft vapor im<strong>per</strong>fedd<br />
relblutus modo explicato ; forma eft cogulatio talisvaporis ; coagulum funt exhalationes<br />
ficcse <strong>in</strong>terceptae ; caufa efHciens eft frigus. In idem recidit dehnitio Ariftotelica , quod<br />
nix fic nubes conglaciata ; nom<strong>in</strong>e enim nubis <strong>in</strong>telligit vaporem impevfeft^ refblutum.<br />
Necdirtert etiam nifi verbis ab eorum delcriptione, qui voluntnivemnihilaliudeffe, quam<br />
fpumam quandam, qu;E<strong>in</strong>glaciem concrefcit eoferd modo, utbrumalis nebulacapillisaut<br />
haibje fblet apparere. Nec illis contradicimus , qui nivem nubis ftillicidium decidens <strong>in</strong><br />
aerecongelatumnom<strong>in</strong>ant;procujus<strong>in</strong>telligentiaadverti volunt, <strong>in</strong>^<strong>in</strong>fimo nubiscont<strong>in</strong>eri<br />
partes crafliores, <strong>in</strong>medio medias,<strong>in</strong>fummoautem fpiritusfubtilifIimos;tunccont<strong>in</strong>gere,<br />
quod vedis <strong>in</strong>aquampartibuscraflioribus, ic de<strong>in</strong>de mediis, fubtiliflimitandemfpiritusde-<br />
cidant, verfi <strong>in</strong> ftillicidia m<strong>in</strong>utillima, qua; <strong>in</strong>aereobvehementem frigiditatemdicimusge-<br />
lari, &C (icgelaca decidare <strong>per</strong>modum lanajjtenuiffimae.<br />
Ccnclufio fecunda. Albedo & candor nivis oritur primo propter frigiditatem ficut <strong>in</strong><br />
phlegmaticiscorporibus,& frigidarum regionum <strong>in</strong>colis cft videre, qui fem<strong>per</strong> funtalbio-<br />
res illis, qui calida loca<strong>in</strong>colunt. Secundo, quia habet admixtum aereum,humidurn, 5c<br />
p<strong>in</strong>guecumipfisaqueis (piritibus,quam obcaufam albefcitaqua oleo <strong>in</strong>fula, De<strong>in</strong>de,quia<br />
aibedo refultat exopaco tem<strong>per</strong>ato cumDiaphano feu transparenti,h<strong>in</strong>cergo,cum<strong>in</strong>nive<br />
opacum glacieitem<strong>per</strong>aturDiaphanoaeris admifti, refultat candor. Ex fimili ratione fpuma<br />
aquJE albefcit. Opacitas enim aquxtem<strong>per</strong>atur diaphano aeris admifti. Nec vero ni-<br />
vis candor, uriM. Albertusd: Lovanienfes op<strong>in</strong>ati funt, eft color tancum apparens , ut <strong>in</strong><br />
multisconcretionibus aereis , fed verus &: expreffus, alioqu<strong>in</strong> non itadiu <strong>per</strong>feveraretetiam<br />
<strong>in</strong> nivecompreffa , acm<strong>in</strong>ime translucida. Nimiriim colores veri non <strong>in</strong> folis mixtis <strong>per</strong>-<br />
,*•• ' fedis, fed<strong>in</strong> im<strong>per</strong>fedtisedam vifuntur.<br />
Conclufio tertia. Nivis mollitiesoritur ex admiftioneaeris, qui facil^icedit ; h<strong>in</strong>c nix<br />
etiammolliorpru<strong>in</strong>a eft, &candidior , tumquia plus aerisadmiftum eft nivi,quaro prui-<br />
nae , tum qub pru<strong>in</strong>a , cum tormetur juxta terram, plures cont<strong>in</strong>et exhalationes ficcas,<br />
quas non conr<strong>in</strong>etnix, undeciimfit nive ficcior^jefteriam durior,ficque nixeftpru<strong>in</strong>^mol-<br />
Hor,licdt fit durior aqu*, utpote qua: eft aqua ficcior, ideo enim conr<strong>in</strong>uata &<strong>per</strong>modum lanse<br />
decidit, quod nonhabet aqua.<br />
Conclufio quarta. Nivis flocculi pleriimque <strong>in</strong>ftarftellarum fex radiis dift<strong>in</strong>di apparent<br />
; cujus rationem dat Renatus Defiartes , dum ait: nivcm non glaciari hexagonam , fed.<br />
hanc
Philofopliico-Politica.<br />
14^<br />
hanc figuram coalercere,quia pliiresdmulvaporcsgl.iciacireconjungunc<strong>in</strong>rotundum, haee<br />
enim rcbus maximc connaturalis e\\ Hgura : Quod autcm ("cni nec plurcs , nec paucio-<br />
rcs vapores concurrant , accidirquiacum mcdius vaporrotunduslit, ejusrotunditatc<strong>in</strong> pauciores<br />
expleje non pofruncnccillapluicsadmittcre. fApcricntiam obviumcorpusrotundum<br />
dabit , Llniones v. g. <strong>in</strong> plano a-ijuali conlulc projicc , ut<strong>in</strong> circulum conHuant, &<br />
eos ita fpontc difponi oblervabis, utunioni<strong>in</strong>medio conlidcntifcKaliifcailbcient ,
Cicero <strong>in</strong><br />
Dtal. de<br />
fenc^Hte.<br />
144<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Morum fenedlus Politici omamentunx<br />
PLacet Romanse Eloquentiae laudatidimum verbum : Mattm fias f<strong>in</strong>ex , m diu vivasf<strong>in</strong>ex'<br />
Non qui diu vixit , fed qui bene vixit, annofus eft. Senedus quid fit, Solonrefpondeat<br />
: viuhyems. Puer centum annorum eft, qui hyemem niveo vertice portat,&mo-<br />
ribus <strong>in</strong>fantefcit. Non fem<strong>per</strong>Catones funt, quibus pili candicant. Morum gravitas vi-<br />
tse feneftus eft, Etiam <strong>in</strong>juvenibus canities re<strong>per</strong>itur, ArdetiEtna, licet niveo fit tegm<strong>in</strong>e<br />
canus. Senes decrepiti fjepe juvenes funt moribus, xftuant libid<strong>in</strong>is flammS , nutfiunt<br />
<strong>in</strong>cendia odiorum, lafciviunt <strong>in</strong>genii geniique levitate. Non cani , tio» rttgA refmie authori-<br />
Horat.1.4<br />
tdtem aferre pojfmt (ait Romanse gravitatis exemplar Cicero de viro graviflimo Catone<br />
carm, 0-<br />
Majore) fid honejie aUa fuj^erior etasfrunits amhoritatis fribet extremos. Rigente terra , niveisde<br />
7. que contefta tloccis , herbarum radices, «Sc<strong>in</strong>natus calor non ext<strong>in</strong>guuntur , fbecunditas<br />
confervatur , pofito candore virefcit. Dijftigere nives , redemtjamgramlna campis. Vene-<br />
rabilis feneftus eft, ubi virtutes junioribus annis plantatas florcnt, atque <strong>in</strong>annolbs frudtus<br />
SeM.ep.26. maturefcunt. SeneQ:utem florem ayiimi Seneca nom<strong>in</strong>avit. Hyeme fenetlutis mores ver-<br />
Iheodof<br />
Imp.apud<br />
TacitJ.it,<br />
(<strong>in</strong>nal.<br />
nent, merita autumnent. Non <strong>in</strong> canis , nec <strong>in</strong> annisv fed moribus fanis astas numeratur.<br />
Ihi<strong>per</strong>feUa ejixtas, nbi<strong>per</strong>fecia eftvirtus. Eft & <strong>in</strong> adolcfcentibus viccc canities ; quandomoium<br />
honeftate albelcunt. Prudentiamaturi,verecundiadecori decor funtReipubl,<br />
Honor non capitiscanitie, (edvits <strong>in</strong>tegritate comparatur, Levisarmatur£eeft,qui'moribus<br />
& amorihus pondus non addit , fit licet gravis astate. Inanefcit v<strong>in</strong>um , quando acefcit,<br />
quiafpiritus evanefcit, Levitatem fenex <strong>in</strong>duit,quandovolacilislpiritus cxuic,quam<br />
liabuit juvenis, virtutem, Ipfe ilxo tandemtriftisacore fenesc Non <strong>in</strong>ficiorfenibusrevc-<br />
rentiam,
Philofophico-Politica. 145<br />
rcntiam , fi morlbus pondus addant. Sunt , qui autumno vernant flores , & vef<strong>per</strong>e odorem<br />
ipargunt. Senedus illa honorata eft , qux quanto viribus ncrvisque dcficit , tanco<br />
virtucerepuilulat, &revirc(cit. IdconliliiamecapiasPolitice. Non<strong>in</strong> annorum maturi-<br />
tatem irudus virtutum differ , <strong>in</strong> vere autumna , hyberna <strong>in</strong> xftate. Non deiunt Juvenes cktr.di<br />
<strong>in</strong> (juibus eft feneElns venernbHis mo<strong>in</strong>m., &/anA prudentM, Jam j<strong>in</strong> cunis maturuit pro vrfclo-yj^^^^<br />
ria Hcrcuics , & Herculem <strong>in</strong> prxtexta Cyrus egit. Nolcitur ex ungue Leo , Sc <strong>in</strong> teneris<br />
plumisiliosadSoiis obtutum oculosaquilspullioftentant. Tam gravis levibus<strong>in</strong>annisju-<br />
venisll-pc eltanimus,utadultis ofticiis lufticiat. Exempladoceant; annum agens decimum SHeten.c.t<br />
Sc fepcimumjulius Cteiar Flamen dialisdeft<strong>in</strong>atus eft, jamtumfceptro maturus. O6to fu- Ym. Us,<br />
pra decemCn. Pompejus, novem & decem Odtavianus annosnumerarunt, & civilia beila^„„^J<br />
fndu<strong>per</strong>atores fuft<strong>in</strong>ucrunt. Cauiantiannarum cenuicacem populo , vel refpondendo ma-<br />
turum le probavic Scipio Afi-icanus: Si vos ttAtem mcAm honorihHS anteiftis , & ego honores veftros<br />
virtHtep-tceJJi, AlexanderSeverusadmodum PueraSenatu Cxiar fadtus •, Gordianus<br />
unclen- LiviM,<br />
nisiceptrumgeftavic, Otco tertius <strong>in</strong>deMirabilisdidtus, quia <strong>in</strong>pueritia pro (ceptro lapien-<br />
tiacanuic AnidofccptroaftuelcuntAquilce, fulm<strong>in</strong>are difcunt> 5cSolemportare. Lamprid,<br />
QUiESTlO IV.<br />
Sahsfit uariis adhuc qu^Jitis de nivc,<br />
QLIaeres primo. Cur <strong>in</strong> altismontibusnix<strong>in</strong>veniatur, cumnullafit<strong>in</strong>planitic, Vel <strong>in</strong><br />
vallibus? Reipondeo : id rieripropter dcfcdum caloris , cont<strong>in</strong>gui enim (L<strong>in</strong>t montium<br />
verciccs medicE acris regioni , «Sc proptcre.1 <strong>per</strong>pctuistrigoribus hoirida (untea<br />
loca, qux caufaeft, quodmonces Scychici <strong>per</strong>pucua tegantur nive. Accedit , quod alta<br />
montium juga magis <strong>per</strong>Bentur vcntis ; & tamecli editioribus locis fua quoque (blarium radiorum<strong>in</strong>iicreBcxio:<br />
tamen cum montium latera h<strong>in</strong>c <strong>in</strong>dc<strong>in</strong> protundum c<strong>in</strong>gantur aere, <strong>in</strong><br />
quibusealucisgem<strong>in</strong>atioreverberatione m<strong>in</strong>imafit, haud dubie m<strong>in</strong>iis <strong>in</strong>caleicunt montes<br />
circumjacentiumPolorum radiis, quamvalles ic deprcni terrarum tractus. Nec audiendi<br />
funtnonnulli;qui contendunt, montiumcacum<strong>in</strong>acalidiorae(redebere,quo prop<strong>in</strong>quiora<br />
Soli (unt. Nampneterquam, quod ex<strong>per</strong>ientiaconuarium doceat, ratio ailata irivola cft,<br />
quia ccKitudomontium parummomenci habet ad prop<strong>in</strong>quitatem, ciim tanta terra; moles<br />
(ic qua(i punftum , paribus tere' <strong>in</strong>cervallisacoclo diftans. Alirumeft,quodre(ercFournier<br />
Geograph. orb. not. lib. i. c. n. de Heclamont c , quod vcrtex hujus montis <strong>per</strong>pecuis albelcac<br />
nivibus, radicesveroconc<strong>in</strong>uisardeant <strong>in</strong>cendiis,it3ut propiusicxmilliaribusimpunenemo<br />
accedcre queat. Similitet<strong>in</strong>Tr<strong>in</strong>acrii montiSiEtnxcacum<strong>in</strong>c nives illafce <strong>per</strong>mancncificquenovitvaftum<br />
illud<strong>in</strong>cendium fub nivibus (ervare hdem, tScutPoctacanit:<br />
Lambit contijutts imoxia flamma prn<strong>in</strong>as.<br />
InTenerifalnfula, quce una eft ex FortH»atis,monKmeffe fcribit Cardanus de variet. lib, T,<br />
c. 4. qui alciftimus caput <strong>in</strong>ter nubila condit; <strong>in</strong> piimoautcm viret, <strong>in</strong>medio nivofus eft,<strong>in</strong><br />
cacum<strong>in</strong>efumumcmiccit, caufam fubdic: Altiftimusenimcumlit, Sc latior <strong>in</strong> medio, quam<br />
cacum<strong>in</strong>e; exhalatio <strong>per</strong>iu<strong>per</strong>iora fertur, non <strong>in</strong> medium , quia latera a centro plurimum<br />
dift;mc , ncque pcrforatus eft <strong>in</strong> ea parte. Humor autcm defluens radicem virentem fa«<br />
cic.<br />
Contra aucemRegiones&urbesAuftroobjedjE raronivem fentiunt, utRoma, Genua»<br />
Ncapolis. Eadem quoque eft cau(a , quod <strong>in</strong>cerdum ad radices montium , (eu <strong>in</strong> vallibus<br />
pluet , <strong>in</strong> moncibus auccm n<strong>in</strong>gac, quia nix , qux eft rara , a tepiditate a^ris <strong>in</strong>ferioris <strong>in</strong>ter<br />
dcfcenfum eliquacur <strong>in</strong>pluviam; <strong>in</strong> moncibus veroalcisacr cftfrigidior, ut nix eliquari non<br />
pofiic. H<strong>in</strong>c ctiam Pl<strong>in</strong>ius teftatur lib. 2. c. loj. nunquam <strong>in</strong> alto mari n<strong>in</strong>gere, quod cali-<br />
diores exhalationes, eam prius liquefaciant.<br />
Quaeres fecundo. Quare dum n<strong>in</strong>git , mitiiis (kvire frigus obfervetur , maximd fi raagnum<br />
, Sc ficcum antea prseccfTerit ? Relpondeo , rationem effe, eo , quod nubes niveprsBgnantes<br />
coardcnt aerem terrae vic<strong>in</strong>um , & halitus 6 terra crumpences rc<strong>per</strong>cuciant ; vcl<br />
quiadum vapores <strong>in</strong> fecunda regione acris congelantur, fpiricus calidiorcsextrudunt , qui<br />
relapfi noftrum aerem calefaciunt. H<strong>in</strong>c quanto <strong>in</strong>tenliiis regnat fiigus , tanto m<strong>in</strong>ores<br />
cadunt nives, quia magis cxficcacsE majori frigore, m<strong>in</strong>us libi cohcerent, Sc licet <strong>in</strong> fe <strong>in</strong>vicem<br />
imp<strong>in</strong>gant ,frangunt fepotivls, quam coalefcant. Si quem tamen fenfdre calorem,<br />
cent<strong>in</strong>uo fibitcnacicer adhxrent; undefit > ut pila nivcapugnom<strong>in</strong>oremontisvcrticcvolvi<br />
T csepta
146<br />
Mcteorologia<br />
capta <strong>in</strong>gvandem prius molem concrclcac, donec radicem montis att<strong>in</strong>gat, Talis^Dolfr<strong>in</strong>iorummontibus<br />
lapfuurbem <strong>in</strong>tegram obtriviirulcgiturapudOiaumlib-ig.c.if. InCambizena<br />
fcpe (pont(^ le ita nix emontibus decidualenlim agglomtrat , ut <strong>in</strong>tegras hom<strong>in</strong>um<br />
catervas obruat.Scrabolib. 11.<br />
Quxres certio. Cur <strong>in</strong> Norvegia, &c aliis Regionibus feptentrionalibus , quse pend<br />
fem<strong>per</strong> vtfliuntur nivibus,lepores,ur(i , cervi , lib. 10. deufu part, c.5, (cribit. Xenophoncls mili-<br />
tes, e Perfideredeuntes, dum <strong>per</strong> mulcam nivem iterfecerunt, oculisplurimum la-(bs fui(-<br />
fe. Idcirco eciam <strong>in</strong> RegnoT^if.f <strong>in</strong>co!;.u moncani<strong>per</strong>fpicillis cancellacis, ac reciculacis , ubi<br />
cont<strong>in</strong>ua: nives <strong>in</strong> oculos cadunt , uti (blent , uc radiorum nimium candentium affluxum<br />
nonnihil caftigent.<br />
QiKcres qu<strong>in</strong>to. Cur nix, ut obfervatum eft <strong>in</strong>alpibus , etiam quandoque rubefcat?<br />
Ref^^ondco, fieri hoc ex eo poteff, quodaercEe partcs(quas candoris etiam caufam elledi.<br />
ximus) cum tempore avolenc , & materiam nivis deferentes , cam mixturam rel<strong>in</strong>quant,<br />
qus rubori plus accedat. Euftathius vero, dum refert, <strong>in</strong> Armenianives rubicundas <strong>in</strong>veniri,<br />
docet, hoccont<strong>in</strong>gereideo, quodexhalationes ibi frequentesexlocis m<strong>in</strong>ioabundantibusafccndant.<br />
Ejndem caulam afTcit Alexander abAlexandroIib.^.Genial.dier, c.9. de<br />
rubicundis nivibus<strong>in</strong>Scythicemontibus. CoeruleaEeciamnivesvideri juxta fretumMagalianumatiirmatCardanus<br />
lib. i.devariet. c.4. tierique hoc non tanciuTiobvecuftatem ipfam,<br />
fed quodadglaciematrara accedat, (S:pro(pe£tuselong<strong>in</strong>quo fit, quemadmodum&<strong>in</strong> aerecocruleum<br />
oftendat,<br />
Quxres lexto. Cur,dum n<strong>in</strong>gic, fonusvocum Sc campanarum difficilius <strong>per</strong>cipiatur?<br />
Refpondeo, rationem elfe, quia nixaerisagilitatem auferc, 6c<strong>in</strong> ftocculosnivisfonus toties<br />
imp<strong>in</strong>git, uttandemdillipetur, nec <strong>per</strong>eorum<strong>in</strong>tervalla<strong>in</strong>teger<strong>per</strong>manarepoflit.<br />
Quanes feptimo. An animalia <strong>in</strong> nive nafci, Sc vivere pofl<strong>in</strong>ty Refpondeo , lic^t <strong>in</strong><br />
glacie nullum oriri, autviverepofle videaturanimal, quod eacongelata, adeoquefirigidifli-<br />
nia, omnideltituacur calore, quocamen opushabentanim.ilia, ucoriridkviverequeanc, ficutdocer<br />
Ariftoceles ; nix tamen , quia mixtum quid,licet im<strong>per</strong>fectum & humidum, utpoteexvaporibus<br />
concretum quoddam eft; nullumaucemhumidum f<strong>in</strong>ecaloreefTepoteft,<br />
ut idemPhilofophusdoceclib. f degenerat. animal. idcirco eciamanimalia qusdam <strong>in</strong> nivc<br />
oriri & vivcre pofTe negari nondebec, llndeHelmoncius tradit, <strong>in</strong> nivibus vermes nafci.<br />
VerilT<strong>in</strong>ilius camen eft, animalia cum nivibus decidua vel fub foliorum <strong>in</strong> arboribus congerie»<br />
velalibilatibulumaliquodhyemeapprop<strong>in</strong>quancequcefivifreatquecummagnovencorumimpecu<br />
al io dil<strong>per</strong>fa , nivisqueflocculis conclufa denuo dejedia efl"e. Quae<strong>in</strong>fedta,cumde-<br />
<strong>in</strong>devivificisSoIis radiis feriuncur, auc alio proficuo calorefoventur, facile <strong>in</strong>iistorpidifpiritus<br />
animantur, 6c fic iplahujusmodi<strong>in</strong>feda quafi<strong>in</strong>vicamrevocantur.<br />
Quaeres ultimo. tltrum nix aliquandolapidefcat <strong>in</strong> cryftalfum ? afiirmat hoc Pl<strong>in</strong>ius<br />
Jib.57.nat.Hift,c.2. Ideoneceamre<strong>per</strong>iriteftatur, nifiubi maxime hyberna; nives rigent, ,<br />
-ut<strong>in</strong> cautibus Alpium. Undeipfam p!erumquealocis<strong>in</strong>viisfunependentesextrahunt.Ita-<br />
',<br />
que ait,cryftallumefle glaciemunde&nomenGrtecidedere. Diciturenim^-fiJ^/w^ii^^ideft,<br />
glaciesj&o-^^^^^i^iidcft, contraho; quodex glacie frigoris vehementia obdurefcat <strong>in</strong> lapi- 1<br />
dem. Gigni vero itaCryftallumcontirmat praefens ex<strong>per</strong>ientia; ciimhocetjamtempore 4 '<br />
prsalris & firigidiflmisrupibus, ut d Perf<strong>in</strong>ianis, quce <strong>in</strong> extremis Noricis funt, evellatur.<br />
Veriim & <strong>in</strong>traterram<strong>in</strong>venista<strong>in</strong>metallicis,quampropriis,utalios pretiofos lapides, cry.<br />
italium <strong>in</strong>vea iri conftat.<br />
A P P E N D T X.<br />
PRimo.<br />
Nivis arrificialisproductio fequenti modo , ut tradit Kircherus <strong>in</strong> arte luc. lib. ;. c.<br />
2. confici poteft : fiat ^ lam<strong>in</strong>is ferreisTholus, five hxmifphcerium , duplicatis ita lami-<br />
nis , ut <strong>in</strong>ter utnimque nix glacies nit)-o , vel vitriolo mixta poni poflit ; aptentur <strong>in</strong>fra tho-<br />
lumfblles, quiflatu conr<strong>in</strong>uoaerem ad tholum refrigerent ; ita fiet: utlifub tholo <strong>in</strong> cubi- •<br />
culo vas aquEe ferveat , ^ qua vapores ad tholum fublimentur , hi a nivibus frigefadli 'm<br />
teauiflimas guttulas refolventur , quia vero a vento , foliium ope excitato , impetun-<br />
ttir<br />
[
=<br />
Philofophico-Politica, 147<br />
turi<strong>in</strong> nivem gelabunt •) &: decidendbus floccis omnia contegent. Alio modo fic ricif<br />
potell ; Includacur a^juatubo vicreo ; hx'c diu mulcum agicecur , <strong>in</strong>numera: h<strong>in</strong>c cmergenc<br />
bull;E , L]ua'gcIidoaeri expoliccE <strong>in</strong>veramnivemabibunt. Sicetiampru<strong>in</strong>aproducipo-<br />
tcJt, li nempe hybcrno rempore <strong>in</strong>cra vas krvencis aquaeplenum Irigido aeri expolitum ca-<br />
jilliaut tbiia roris mar<strong>in</strong>i (iilpendantur, vapores congelati concrdcunc <strong>in</strong> pru<strong>in</strong>am ci (imi-<br />
em,qux hyemis tempore cr<strong>in</strong>ibusadhxrefcic, livequsexhom<strong>in</strong>iimvelequorum halitibus<br />
prodit.<br />
Secundo. Anno ifio. Reg<strong>in</strong>a/^^r/j filium edidit £w^««t;/' Regi Lufitanix Paai fpecie<br />
Sc forma limillimum , qui Henrfcus appellatus eft ; eodcm die , quo Pr<strong>in</strong>ceps hic <strong>in</strong> lucem e-<br />
ditus fuit , 0!r/:pp ( <strong>in</strong> qua quidem urbe proprer iiimmam cceli tem<strong>per</strong>iem monftro (imilc<br />
eft , partem aliquam nivis <strong>in</strong>tueri) plurima nive conf<strong>per</strong>fa iuit, quod multi fic <strong>in</strong>cerprcta-<br />
ti (unt, ut ea ni\c mentis candore<strong>in</strong>, viciepurii.atem, Sc cont<strong>in</strong>cntiam, virtutis eximix faecundicatem,<br />
qux <strong>in</strong> hoc Pr<strong>in</strong>cipe mii-abilicer cluxit , prxmonllratam tuiirc dicerent. ita<br />
Orolius Iib.8. rerumEmanuel.<br />
Tcrtio. Narrat Olaus M.lib. 19. c. if. <strong>in</strong> partibus feptentrionalibus , nivem tanta copia<br />
dejici, ut arborum rami, iplique arbores ita ramis , &<br />
arboribus <strong>in</strong>nedancur, <strong>in</strong>vicemque<br />
fbrnicario qua(i o<strong>per</strong>e coharcant, (icque <strong>in</strong> longiflima ambulacra , etiam multorum niillia-<br />
rium fub nive miie congelata protendantur.<br />
QUiESTIO VII.<br />
COnclufio prima. Grando efl; congelatio aqua* , quae cum a vcnto det<strong>in</strong>etur, &agttatui",<br />
commiicetur multis exhalationibus ficcis & falnitralibus , quarum vi , accedenteeciamtrigore,<br />
congelafcit. Difl<strong>in</strong>guitura nivc, quia nix cft nubis ftillicidium<br />
<strong>in</strong>nere congelauim ; grando autcm cfl imber, qui grandioribus, vel nimbus, qui maximis<br />
guctis decidit, <strong>in</strong> aere congelatus, Si acciJit tempore a-flivo : ejus materia rcmota cft (pi-<br />
ratio, magni caloris cfiicientia <strong>in</strong> fublime evccta , iSc <strong>in</strong> nubem paulo denfiorem &: calidiorem<br />
concrcta. Materiaproximaeftimber. In quemnubcs (olvitur. Proxima caufa effi-<br />
cienseft etiam calor circumfu(i aeris; aquam <strong>per</strong>anti<strong>per</strong>iftafim refrigerans,totumque ab cx<br />
calcKc<strong>in</strong>exprimens, tk ext<strong>in</strong>guens. Quo fit, utgrando horridior acdurior fit cocceris imprcdionibus<br />
humidis, quje<strong>in</strong> acre tiunt. Siautcm grando exiflat, cumomnia circumquaque<br />
algen:,cjusremocamatcriaeftex('piraciOjnontanto c.ilore, nec<strong>in</strong>tam denlamcalidamque<br />
nube.n coacla. Proximavcro cfficiens caufacftfrigusacrisambientis,congelantisque.<br />
Caula lormalis eft fpecie globulorumcongbciacushumor. Numerusaucemtantuscftglobulorum<br />
, quancusguttarum; nam f<strong>in</strong>gulaguttx frigore concrefcunt &c fiunt grand<strong>in</strong>es.<br />
Conclufio fecunda. Grandotit & gcneratur tum <strong>in</strong> mcdia, tum <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>fimaaerisregio~<br />
ne; Rc^tio eft, quiadura omnia circumquaque rigefcunt,poteftaer<strong>in</strong>utraqueregioneidoncam<br />
obtiueietrigoris vehementiam ad conglaciandam aquam. Dum autem vigetaftus, potefl<strong>in</strong><br />
ejusdemlocis<strong>per</strong> anti<strong>per</strong>iftafim tancum fiigoris, quantum ad eundem eti-cdum opus<br />
lit , <strong>in</strong>cra aquam coalefcere. San(i gelari nonnunquam grand<strong>in</strong>em prope tcrram , illud arcumento<br />
dt, quod <strong>in</strong>terdumgrando decidit<strong>in</strong>terceptis pakis, quas aquacoiicrelcens <strong>in</strong>fe<br />
<strong>in</strong>cluicrat. L[ndenegandume(t,(em<strong>per</strong>gem<strong>in</strong>ationemradiorum<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>fimaregione aeristantam<br />
clfc , ut trigui ad conglaciandam aquam necelfario expuguct & <strong>in</strong>terimat. Accedic,<br />
quodprardidaconglaciacio nonadfiigusduntaxat circumjtcti corporis, fed <strong>in</strong>terdumadejuicalorem,<br />
148<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
memoratu grando illa eft , quiDELis <strong>per</strong>cuflit Pharaonem , fuetitque haud dubie maxima<br />
ciim <strong>in</strong>cotaterraiEgyptiabhom<strong>in</strong>eulquead jumenca,cun£i:amque herbam &li^num confregtrit,<br />
utconftatex ILb, Exodic.9, pariter& illagrando<strong>in</strong>folitaefLieritmagnitud<strong>in</strong>is, quam<br />
Dom<strong>in</strong>us <strong>in</strong> exercitum qui-nque Regnum urbem Gabaon obfidentium immifit , dum ti. ftatur<br />
facer textusjib. |oIliiecap.lO. Et mortui (Unt multoplnres lafidibttsgrand<strong>in</strong>is , quamcjmsgladiofer-<br />
Inierprodigia, quce Hierofolymicani Regni Chriflianorum excidiuman-<br />
cujferunt filii /fi-iul.<br />
no H87. a Salad<strong>in</strong>o iEgyptio illatum pr2eceft&re,Tyrio memorante , prxter <strong>in</strong>fuetos terrae<br />
£notus,ventos atroces, folis defedtus , marelolicooEftumajore redundans etiam grando frcquens<br />
<strong>in</strong>ftarovi anfer<strong>in</strong>i ca;Io decidit. Ratiovero nacuralishujus magnicud<strong>in</strong>is <strong>in</strong>ter ccetcras<br />
fu<strong>per</strong>iusannotatasnon poftrema eftpugnaventorumrigidicrum,quxmateriam grand<strong>in</strong>is,<br />
dum adhucmollior eft, & ceu nivis colliquefcentis <strong>in</strong>cer (e varie collidit,&<strong>in</strong>grandiorem<br />
molemconfbederat. Quodadfiguram ord<strong>in</strong>ariam grand<strong>in</strong>is att<strong>in</strong>et , ea <strong>in</strong>terdum eft<br />
rotunda, <strong>in</strong>cerdumangularisvel ovalis. Rotunda eft, quando a terra generatur remotiLis,<br />
alcius enim delapfaafris concacfu acceritur acquerotundatur. Angulariseft,qu3ndogene-<br />
ratur prope terram, lic enim non atteruntur latera ejus. Ovalis vero caditex<strong>in</strong>lliSicienti adhucattntu<br />
& <strong>in</strong>a^quali contadu aeris; aut comicantisgrand<strong>in</strong>is, Quod (i <strong>in</strong>terdum <strong>in</strong> globiilisgrand<strong>in</strong>um<br />
ligna,pili, palejE,arenulx,fimilesquequisquilia:re<strong>per</strong>iancur,non hieccont<strong>in</strong>uopraftigiisadlcribenda,<br />
namhsc calorcceleftisauxilioventorum una cum vapore fur-<br />
•lum evehere,tScvisde<strong>in</strong>defrigoriscongelandovaporem agglut<strong>in</strong>are,& <strong>in</strong>fererc potuit.<br />
Curautem grand<strong>in</strong>i<strong>in</strong>terdum imag<strong>in</strong>es miritica; vanorum animalium aliarimique re-<br />
3rumfiatimpreftLe, explicatueftdifficile. AJbeitusquidemM3gnusavirtute&: nimia calliditate<br />
, vel l<strong>in</strong>gulari aiiqua conftellatione ccelcltium corporum has imag<strong>in</strong>es ita conformari<br />
cenfet. Ego hxc&(imilia<strong>in</strong>terportcncanumero. Tales grand<strong>in</strong>umipecies memorablles<br />
Nauclerusdefcribic, qjarum ea, qusanno 1240. Cremon^ decidit, nucum magnitud<strong>in</strong>eimpreiramcrucisfiguram.tacie'mqueChriftiadfcriptisverbis:<br />
JESIIS NAZARENUS cont<strong>in</strong>uic.<br />
Altera vero <strong>in</strong> Regionibus-feptencrionalibus annoi^^f. menfe Augufto docidenSjhumanas<br />
faciesexhibuit, cujus mentionem quoquelacitCrantziuslib. ^.Vandal. cap. 42. du<strong>in</strong><br />
memorato anno circaAftumptsD.Virg<strong>in</strong>is teftum <strong>in</strong>Saxonia cecidifti; fcribit grand<strong>in</strong>em,<br />
qua; humanae faciei imag<strong>in</strong>em prxtulerit. Barbata <strong>in</strong>quit virorum , fcem<strong>in</strong>arum vero crifpan-<br />
tibus <strong>in</strong>voluta peplis imago<strong>in</strong>grand<strong>in</strong>ecernebatur. I^udo\acusClavicel!Jus mem<strong>in</strong>it gran-<br />
d<strong>in</strong>is fangu<strong>in</strong>e mixcce,qua'<strong>in</strong>agroBononien(iadAnnumChrifti 15-57. menleAugufto cecidit,<br />
<strong>in</strong>ea<strong>in</strong>ventafunt grana , qucepondere libras^g. exceflerunt. IIoc ex eadem rationc naturaliter<br />
cont<strong>in</strong>gere potuit, quapluviam f<strong>in</strong>gu<strong>in</strong>em fieri (ij<strong>per</strong>iiis annotavimus,<br />
Conclulio quarta. Frequentius vere oc aucumno gvand<strong>in</strong>esdecidunt , tefle Arift. r,<br />
Met,i2.m<strong>in</strong>ustrequenter <strong>in</strong> teftate , nunquam, aut rariiTime <strong>in</strong> hyeme. Ratio eft , quia <strong>in</strong><br />
vere&: autumno calor (iitficiens adeft, qui excitare poflit vapores , qui de<strong>in</strong>de a frigiditate<br />
<strong>per</strong> anti<strong>per</strong>iftaf<strong>in</strong> audti, facile conftr<strong>in</strong>gi pofll<strong>in</strong>t. Autumno autem foEpiiis quam vere fic gran-<br />
do-, quiaciimaucumnus (ijcccdatcalido sftatistempori, vapor magis eft idoneus ad celeriter<br />
tk duriifime congelandum. <strong>in</strong> a-ftate m<strong>in</strong>iistrequenter cont<strong>in</strong>git , eo quodSoI mate-<br />
-riam pxne omnemgrand<strong>in</strong>is confumit. Inhycme aucem proptertrigidit.item poros terra:<br />
Philolophico-Politica. 149<br />
non poteft; vapor fi craflus absque ventis cogi nonpotell, unrleut aquacongelalcat, dcbec<br />
diutius <strong>in</strong> aae dcc<strong>in</strong>eri,
I50<br />
Mcteorologia<br />
fiangitur : <strong>in</strong> probatam fi lamiaiam /»//»>, & refilit. Nubifragium faxorum , ut plumx , ex-<br />
Lipf. l. 2. cipitur , cum <strong>in</strong> bene compag<strong>in</strong>atura unimum mcidit. Ut grando , tetiii magno firefitu, illija ,<br />
de Con(l. tamen dijfilit :Jicclades <strong>in</strong> frmnm animnm fi iucidant , jrangHntur-i mn frangunt. Jufl, LipC M.<br />
C.t9. .<br />
. A A -«.- '<br />
Q^apttol ^^ ^—•*<br />
Qmcciar.<br />
-<br />
w*-**^*''***
COonclufio<br />
Philofophico-Politica. 15I<br />
QUtESTIO VIII.<br />
T^e rore ^ prmna.<br />
prima. Ros dicitur, ut Ifidoro placet, quafi rarus, quod nonadeoden<br />
lis 5c plenis gutcisdefcendat. rertenuicnim conftat af<strong>per</strong>iione, qujevix manu <strong>per</strong>cipicur.<br />
llnde def<strong>in</strong>iri potcft, quod lit refolucio <strong>in</strong> aquam vaporis parum elevati a<br />
terra propter debiiitatem caloris Solis occidentis , qui vapor lu<strong>per</strong>venientc frigore velpcr-<br />
t<strong>in</strong>o & matut<strong>in</strong>o concrefcit ac relblvitur. Materia igicur roris eft vapor lubcilis &: Inumidus<br />
, qui <strong>in</strong>ter omnesvapoies eft tenuiftlmus; fcrma eft guttarum tenuillTmarum ar<strong>per</strong>fio,<br />
Caufa etHcienseft trigus nodlurnum , vel vel<strong>per</strong>t<strong>in</strong>um , & matut<strong>in</strong>um tem<strong>per</strong>atum , quod<br />
cogit, & denfatiilum vaporem <strong>in</strong> aqueum liquorem, non autem congeJat. Caufa vapo-<br />
ris eievativa eft Sol ftib vel<strong>per</strong>am , cum enim lic pariim efticax propter caioris debiiitatem,<br />
parum elevar. Ad rorem eciam juvant aftra noaurna, prafertimLuna, maxime <strong>in</strong> plenilunio,<br />
<strong>in</strong> quo majores ll<strong>in</strong>t rores; ideoqueLunadicitur roris mater, quia fcilicet temporc<br />
molli vaporesillos eciamnodu educit,qui nodu terris<strong>in</strong>cubantesfubcrepurculi<strong>in</strong>itiumiolvuntur<br />
<strong>in</strong> aquas.<br />
Conclutio lecunda. Rosdift<strong>in</strong>guitur a pluvia, tum , quia pluvia eft nubcs <strong>in</strong> aquam<br />
foIuta,ros veroeft tantiim vapor evolare <strong>in</strong>cipiens adnubemefFormandam; tum quia plu-<br />
via decidit guttacim, ros vero lcnius, & lcnlim l<strong>in</strong>e fcnfu herbis ac floribus adficerefcic.<br />
Conclulio certia. Locus , ubi generacur , eft <strong>in</strong>fimus acr , non ^utem fuprema pars<br />
medix regionis , licut Albertus Magnus exiftimavit. Nam non olFercur tiic vapor tenuis ad<br />
medium aerem, ut ibi fiat ros , quia tefte Arill. i. Meceor.io, <strong>in</strong> aicioribus moncibus neque<br />
ros, neque pru<strong>in</strong>a re<strong>per</strong>icur. Caufa aucem hujus rei eft imbecillicas caloris, qui <strong>in</strong> vapora<br />
<strong>in</strong>eft, ccite eodem Ariftjoc. cit. Quarc humiliori <strong>in</strong> loco fieri rorem prol)abiIe eft ; quod<br />
vel h<strong>in</strong>c etiam conftat, quoniam eis, qui itcr nodu faciunt, pedes
152<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Secundus effeftus efl. Aptam mateiiam generandis apibus fuppeditat, hjcenim non<br />
exconcubitu , nequeexputre fadtioneficuti mu(c2e&:pulices,fedexroregenerantur,quem<br />
important <strong>in</strong> fuas cellulas. videPl<strong>in</strong>ium lib.f. c.i6. Pariter &: margaritis gignendis eodem<br />
docentelib. 9. c. 56. materiam idoneam prtebet. Sic &adjuvatmultumros <strong>in</strong>leQ:orum procreationem.<br />
Ovibus vero nocet, nam ros copiofo mixtus falnitro teneris pecudibus <strong>per</strong>iculum<br />
creat, neventrisprofluvio<strong>in</strong>tereant, llnde mos apudPaftores grcgum obt<strong>in</strong>uit, i<br />
ut dum herbas rore madentesvider<strong>in</strong>t, oves non prius pafcuis immittant, quam Sol rorem<br />
abfumpferit.<br />
Tertius efl: , ut fcribit Schroderus , Pharmacop.1. 3. c^. quod aqua roris omnes alias<br />
fubtilitate&: penetratione antecellat , conftetque liquore volatiliori , faleque acriori. Unde<br />
etiam , utPal<strong>in</strong>genefia , five regeneratio plantarum excujusque plantce fem<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong> phiala<br />
vitrea hermctic
Philofophico-Politica. 153<br />
Ouxres tertio, unde cr<strong>in</strong>ita «Schirpida illa pru<strong>in</strong>a, qux hyemali tempore <strong>per</strong> agros &<br />
feoes iDirla pendet , generetur : Relpondeo, fieri illam ex vaponbus tenuibus
154<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong>cedat cummalam animam habeat, <strong>per</strong> quam malc videt , Sc peflime audit. Nihil a?que<br />
neceflaiium, nihil magis prohcuum,nihiiuahonoriticuuiReipub.quod illuilriuseamexornet,<br />
6c <strong>in</strong> amplitud<strong>in</strong>em elferat, quamjultu otticiorum didributio, officialiumdelediio. Per<br />
hos Pr<strong>in</strong>ceps agit, communis ftatus vivit. Sit pius Pr<strong>in</strong>ceps , juxta omnem numerum a<br />
Diisfbrmatus; atfimalisfuftenteturM<strong>in</strong>iitrisPolitica: corpuseft pulchrum capite, membris<br />
Xe»oph*n defbrme. Non efl attrtHm fceptrum , i^uod Regnum tuetur , Jed amici jidiRegibus junt tutij/imitm^<br />
<strong>in</strong>Cyrop. maxim/itmjHc Jceptrum-, Inepti Conliliarii, improbi Magiftratus, <strong>in</strong>digni M<strong>in</strong>iftri iappce li<strong>in</strong>t<br />
l,S, regii paludamenti , &: probra proboPr<strong>in</strong>cipi <strong>in</strong>ufta. Solem agitPr<strong>in</strong>ceps, (ijnt {ydera.iu-<br />
lici, 6c a conliliis pofiti: chimericus eIl(Sc abortivus Siderum fenatusiubbonoSoie, fiScor-<br />
pius Planetam agat , fi Mercurius bello prcefidet, fi Mars navigia regit, Sua cuique fedes<br />
competit , quo aptuseft loco refideat. Qui vacum cerebro regit , non ditabit Rempublicam:<br />
neque legibus <strong>in</strong>violatefervandisopemconfiliiamqueadjiciec, quiipfeLegumviolator<br />
peftem moribus alit, Non <strong>per</strong> hoc venenum lcorpius cxuit, quod <strong>in</strong>ter lidera translatus<br />
vSenatorem <strong>in</strong> duodenarioZodiaci agir. Nec <strong>in</strong> Mercurium evafit malt <strong>in</strong>ftruftus truncus,<br />
quilcalprumnonadmifitunquam, licet<strong>in</strong>Honoristemplo collocetur. MunusReip <strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>dignum<br />
translatum , robur addit malitia;, Legibus <strong>per</strong>niciem. Inlpice, quam prtefens icon<br />
objicit, meteori faciem. Ex pluribus unumaSoleattrahiturovum^&quafi<strong>per</strong>gradusafcendit;<br />
aut Ci mavis fceptro pr<strong>in</strong>cipaliafKne eftac<strong>per</strong>amicum. UKum prd relicjms charum, quia<br />
unum prxreliquis dignum, nam rore plcnum, Non, ubi datur vacuum, Solis radius delL-<br />
ciatur: <strong>in</strong>anis ttfta elt, non trahitur. Qu^i rore repletur, hic dignus eft fcandere, quta<br />
Pullus Regis dignus amore. Juvat hic audire , quod <strong>in</strong> Themiftii adoptione Conftantius<br />
Csfar eftjtuseft, Cnm exijllmatio de viro longe laiecjHe dij<strong>per</strong>fa Themifltum philofophum ad noflrat<br />
aures adduxiffet , Im<strong>per</strong>atorij judicii -, atcjue etiam vejiri exiflimavi-, illum fplendidij/imo Patrum Confilio<br />
adfcrihendo , virtmem ejus congruo honore remunerari -, ftmulc\He unum<strong>per</strong> alterum decorare. Ani-<br />
mata- leges funt &viva fimulacra, qui dignitatibusprjelunt, Ita officium viro , vir officio<br />
refpondeat; uthomogenei fibi f<strong>in</strong>t, &anatura fociati. S<strong>in</strong>at fe ofticium aviro tradtavi, ic<br />
n6rit vir ofhcium tradtare. Gladius Scanderbegi f<strong>in</strong>e Caftriots lacertoaciem <strong>per</strong>dit. Optimaartium<br />
<strong>in</strong>ftrumenta nullum <strong>per</strong>ledabuntopuscximium, nifi artiiexadfit, qui gubernare<br />
didicit- Helenxartificium Apellem exigit,i<strong>in</strong>ea rh<strong>in</strong>ima penicillo dudtaParrhalij manum<br />
expettat. IlliadConfiliariiatque Magiftratus officium afcendant, qui iunt ipio Magi-<br />
ftratu meliores & <strong>in</strong> arte Magiftri, Pietate fulgeant, confilio poUeant, ex<strong>per</strong>ientia & juiti-<br />
tia f<strong>in</strong>tcelebres,f<strong>in</strong>t adIabores<strong>in</strong>defeflii,Bonipublici amantes,non fuiStudiofi, fcientiarum<br />
fautores,adardua irn<strong>per</strong>territi, veritatis&taciturnitatislaude confpicui , modeftia
Philofophico-Poiitica. 15*^<br />
em<strong>in</strong>endaqucEdam repaguladet<strong>in</strong>entiamel,ne decidac,onuftas vero ad alvearia pradam afporcare,<br />
ubi <strong>in</strong>veniunt paivas quasdam apiculas, quarum munus eft, exonerareportantes<br />
meli&de<strong>in</strong>deadprxdamremittere. Nonnegotamen,melcaloreapum, dum ei <strong>in</strong>cubant,<br />
aliquomodoalteruri
156<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
dem cedat ; durum vero quafi lapis. Scalig. Exerc. 191. C. i. folidum etiam <strong>in</strong> Calicut, ita ulr<br />
<strong>in</strong> Sportis cont<strong>in</strong>eatur.<br />
Conciufio qu<strong>in</strong>ta. Effeftusmellis vatii funt; Imprimis enim corpus melle illitum , etli<br />
exanirae,<strong>per</strong>multosannosfervariapudred<strong>in</strong>e<strong>in</strong>cokime, Columellatradit. Ideoapudquosdam,<br />
ut autlior efi: Xenophon, mos tiiit, fepelicndi morcuos <strong>in</strong> melle; naiuraeenim terrcae<br />
ciim fit, parteshabetlicciores,qutEhumorem(u<strong>per</strong>fluum, &adfcititium exficcant; aliunde<br />
lentore liio corporu poros ita ftr<strong>in</strong>git &; occupat, ut humido <strong>in</strong>nato vis exhalandi prcecludatur.<br />
Qax ratio facit, quod botri, pruna, caeterique fru6tus melli aut etiam cers liquatie <strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>fti<br />
plurium etiam annoru<strong>in</strong> fpatio <strong>in</strong>noxii&recentes fervencur. Obeandam vim caleiacicndi<br />
&exliccandipituitofismeloptimumeft;abiliofisautem<strong>in</strong>biIem vercicur. LltiliHimum dicitur<br />
contra ferpentis <strong>in</strong>orfum. Codtumconftr<strong>in</strong>gitventrem; crudum folvit. Pravetufta-<br />
te amarefcit, dulcia cnim acefcunt poft partium refolutionem. Panis micamelli<strong>in</strong>jeftaillud<br />
corrumpit, non autem tar<strong>in</strong>a. Zenon pane, ac melle; Pythagoras folo melle vixir,uc<br />
dicitur; Democritum EUtem folo mellis odore vixilfe iabuioliim creditur; ficut fu<strong>per</strong>ftitiofum,qu6d<br />
placentamellitamortuism<strong>in</strong>iftrarecuradpIacandumCerberumjUtnarratSuidas;<br />
fem<strong>per</strong> tamen <strong>in</strong>itio, Sc <strong>in</strong> medio menfte olim mel m<strong>in</strong>iftrabatur.<br />
Quares primo. llnde aureus melli coIor,duIceclo &vifcata tenacitasproveniat. Refpondeo,<br />
quod color ignem, fapormateriam bene cxcodtam, & tenacitas eandem <strong>per</strong>colatam<br />
probec. H<strong>in</strong>c ciim ignemulto conftet, nil mirum, quod flaramam alat.<br />
Quoeres fecundo. Cur mellis <strong>in</strong>fima paislaudetur, cum oleicommendeturfumma,vi-<br />
ni media? Refpondetur, caufam elfe, quia opdmum id mel habetur, quod m<strong>in</strong>us fluit, 6c<br />
quafi (accharum concrelcit, prcccipuam etiam habct dulced<strong>in</strong>em, talevero fuoponderead<br />
ima labitur. At oleum id excellit, quod nitidius eft, & defecatius , magis(^ue aeieum ;<br />
iioc autem, quia leviiis <strong>in</strong>natat. Denique v<strong>in</strong>i vis <strong>in</strong> calore confiftit, qui ut noxamfugiac<br />
maxime colligitur circa medium; <strong>in</strong>fi^rior autem pars fieci vic<strong>in</strong>a (brdelcit, 6c faporem a-<br />
mittit, fummaabaereproxiuiolxditur, nam aerem<strong>in</strong>feftum elfe v<strong>in</strong>o, vel id (atis arguit,<br />
quod dolio pleno v<strong>in</strong>um m<strong>in</strong>us vapefcit, quam femipleno; tum, quod munitum o<strong>per</strong>culis<br />
excr<strong>in</strong>fecus illitis, vel fiibtus terram defoflum, quo aer non <strong>per</strong>c<strong>in</strong>gic, diutiflime conferve-<br />
tur.<br />
Qnxres tertio, Qualenam fuerit illud mel fylveftre, quo D, joannesvefcebatur <strong>in</strong> de-<br />
ferto? Refpondetur, diverfiffimam <strong>in</strong> hoc efle Interpretum fententiam. Rabanus putat,<br />
effearborum fbliacandida, quaetrita manibus faporem quafi mellitum exhibent. Alii vo-<br />
lunt, effehumorem ex arborum fbliis colleflum. Fabercredit, efle illud, quodapes deficientibus<br />
aliis floribuscolligunt exerica, qui trutex aucumni tempore flores emitcic , ciim<br />
reliquae omnes herbx & virgulra dcfloruerunt, eftque idmel, ut (u<strong>per</strong>iusannotavimus,<strong>in</strong>jucundi<br />
faporis. Adquam (ententiamaliquanculum accedicKidorus. Non eftherba, <strong>in</strong>quit,<br />
mcl (ylveftre, fed mel montanum , quod ab agreftibus apibus conficitur, fummdq;<br />
amarumeft, Ex his op<strong>in</strong>ionibus qucenam verifimilior (it, Ledlorum arbitrio reJ<strong>in</strong>quimus<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Peradveria venituradlecunda.<br />
Uclcum quceris ? coiticem frange; neque enimotiolb datur corona , neque mel delibare<br />
dignus eft, qui fel fumerereculat. Dulcia nonmeruft, qui non guftavic amara,<br />
N'Uiileci}-, ad nfnm jectmdorMm <strong>per</strong> adverfa venijfe , fcripfit C. Pl<strong>in</strong>ius fecundus. Apcs ex<br />
amariftlmp thymo mellificium colligunt, atque<strong>in</strong>tra vi(c:era fua examaroredulcifCmumfavu,m<br />
conficiunt, aitPIutarchus, Quia de<strong>in</strong>duftria, dum mellacolligunt, acerbioris fucci<br />
., . ftudiofx fi.<strong>in</strong>t, quafi rationalisnatura: fcholares. De illis enim ri<strong>in</strong>ius fcribit : ^«f^ cwwVe<br />
'"•'• "'alvearia non iritus modo ifid circHmqme^ tfkccis amariaribus ill<strong>in</strong>ere , iisdem f\uo^j fores latiores cir-<br />
'<br />
eumflrncre. Afum cibtts , dum oferantur , & fpfi amari faporis^ Ex amaro (iicco dulcem liquorern<br />
extrahunt ; ncque fuavitatcm colligcrent , nifi <strong>in</strong>amcenis pri.u3 pafcerencur. Ule<br />
7'//«.J/.//,coeIi fiidor, ilia (yderum faliva(fic citatoPI<strong>in</strong>ioIibuic dulce mel<strong>in</strong>digitari) illepurgantis aec.Tz.<br />
ris fuccus, eftamara dulcedo ; delibare dignus non eftmellisfavum, cu<strong>in</strong>onamaricudola-<br />
bia caftigarit, dulcedo fequitur. Miferrimus es , f<strong>in</strong>unquam mifer fuifti. Transegifti f<strong>in</strong>e<br />
adverfario vicam ? nemo fcit quid poffis ; nc tu ip(e quidem. Non fcit a:ftimare fanitatem,<br />
qui nunquam fuit <strong>in</strong>firmus ; quam nohilis fit favus mellis, nefcit, qui nonecontra-<br />
rio fel deguftavit. Nqn eft dignus prcernio, qui nunquam certavic : ftatim arma fubmiccit,<br />
& ad levem jacetimpulfum, quemareijianunquam excrcuit : Siue meritpafcendere, mollcs<br />
Adoni-
Philofophico-Politica. 1^7<br />
Adonides quarrunt. Non eft tua gloria, quam ipfe non pe<strong>per</strong>ifti , ac proprio plantafti fu-<br />
dore. Alteraberis afflante Borea , quia adverlis ventis non aiFucvifti* Dejiciuntur acerbioris<br />
fortisauriiquifem<strong>per</strong><strong>in</strong>croceis enutriti nunquam cum profligatl fortunamanus conferuere.<br />
Q^os velut <strong>in</strong> lento mari tranquillitas <strong>in</strong>ers fovet, quidquid illis accidcrit , novum<br />
46.<br />
venicr. Glaucum meJlefufFocatum fcribiti¥;neasGa/z.rus. Dulciamovcntbilem, ScCuslvempotum<br />
fequitur amaritiido. Qiui verr) ab <strong>in</strong>amceno hauftu <strong>in</strong>choavit, Mcedo JeijMeiftr.Gaz,. <strong>in</strong><br />
Plerum^ amarn haufltt ad falHtcm vaknt., & fuccis trijlibus ajpnarefoveniHr , ait Symmachus. In- Tlieophr.<br />
Indisiegioquxdamadcoamica cft, utdecidentepluvia madidus fimul&: mellitus xos ^i^u- Symmuth<br />
at, cujusillapfu amar<strong>in</strong>Tmum quodvis geimcn pro <strong>in</strong>natoamaroredulcorem<strong>in</strong>duir. SitIi-//;
158<br />
' <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
fojito ^'& boK& <strong>in</strong>dolls vtros fraSltt impe»f
Philofophico-Politica, 159<br />
degcneraret , (accharo ubi conditum <strong>per</strong> plurcs annos confervari illajfum. Cccteras cura<br />
mellequaiitates communeshabet, (alubrius tamen illotum <strong>in</strong> condiendiscibis,tum <strong>in</strong> medic<strong>in</strong>is<br />
tem<strong>per</strong>andis. Memoratur etiam, quod cannis, dquibus(accharumdecoquitur,adeo<br />
tenerelcantporci, utcaponibus teneriores reddantur, quodhauddubiovicaleta(i;tivae,(Sc<br />
rreJIifluce relicla: <strong>in</strong> illis humiditati ac p<strong>in</strong>gued<strong>in</strong>i atcribuendum.<br />
Quaercs lecundo lltrum antiquis notum fuerit (accharum ? Refpondeo affirmativd^<br />
quoad notitiam hujus fubrtantijE ; Pl<strong>in</strong>ius enim lib. 12. c. 8. lic loquitur : Saccharum Sc Arabia<br />
lert, led hidia laudatius ; eft autem mel <strong>in</strong> arund<strong>in</strong>ibus coliedhim gummium modo<br />
candidura, dentibus frangibile. EtSenecaep. 8i.aiunt,<strong>in</strong>quit, apud Indosmcl <strong>in</strong>veniri irt<br />
arund<strong>in</strong>um foliis,quod aut ros illius coeli, aut iplius arund<strong>in</strong>is humor dulcis &c p<strong>in</strong>guiseft.<br />
Megaftenes etiam Indiam afTerit, ferrc <strong>in</strong> arund<strong>in</strong>ibus mel f<strong>in</strong>eapibus. Ex quibusfatiscon-<br />
Ibtj<strong>in</strong>audifTf veteres multa de laccharo.<br />
Qusres tertio, an etiam illis tuerit notum artificium exprimendi faccharum exarund<strong>in</strong>ibus<strong>in</strong>molend<strong>in</strong>o<br />
,<strong>in</strong>quoteruntur canna:,cujusmodiefl apudnos. Relpondeo probabi-<br />
liter negative. llnde habcbantfolum aliquas
i6o <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Se». con- OdavianumSeneca commendat. Omnium domos ilUus viglUa defendit. Ex quo fe Gt/ar orh<br />
fel.adPo-^^^^'""'*"^ i^o^f^i^ravit t Jihi eriptiit , & fidei-Hm modo ^ (]m irrecjtiieta fimftr curfus fitos ex^cant-<br />
Ijbium e. »f*»^ftam illi licet vel jHhfificre, Paftoris munus qui fubis, <strong>in</strong>commoda fufcipis , aliis cubant»<br />
PlHt.<br />
bel. adv.<br />
Dncem<br />
fm<strong>per</strong>itH.<br />
47.<br />
W.4-7-<br />
IIbus, <strong>in</strong> cubi!i vigiles, tuorumque fbmno profpiciens Epam<strong>in</strong>ondam agas : tUe enim dormitn-<br />
Laert. l.i. Indis, Celtis, iEgyptiis , qui <strong>in</strong>fomnes pro grege vigilant, maturd confiilunt. ProfeSto vt-<br />
j€,lian,l.2<br />
C.31.<br />
tl<strong>in</strong>ius <strong>in</strong><br />
praf ad<br />
Fefiaf.<br />
Jldanritd<br />
lib. de re-<br />
tibus eivibtis lnFlrabat nrbcm , & muros vi^l obambHlms agebat excHbias. Petenti , cnr id fact^<br />
ret , reffondit t ut c£teri <strong>in</strong> utramqHe aurem dormirent. Derifit antiquitas Epimenidem , qui<br />
qu<strong>in</strong>quagefimamSolis orbitam fertur dormivifTe. atDeorum numero digni cenfebantur ab<br />
ta vigilia efl : eelebris fententia eftC.Pl<strong>in</strong>ii fecundi. Vivere eft agere ; qui ergo fomno <strong>in</strong>-<br />
dulget, viveredef<strong>in</strong>it, namceffat agere. Aurea malaHef<strong>per</strong>idum Draco vigilans cuftodit;<br />
ubi excitati Confiliarii excubant , aurea tempora redeunt. Unde Ini<strong>per</strong>ator Mauritius <strong>in</strong><br />
ftratego fuo requirit : Modice vivere & de no^e confdium ca<strong>per</strong>e ; de noSle enim & certiusfilct pre-<br />
venireconfilium^ cjuiefcentementea tHmultibus externis. Non caretaculeoTarqu<strong>in</strong>iifaftum. SextUS<br />
Tarqu<strong>in</strong>ius ad Patrem Tarqu<strong>in</strong>ium nuntium mittit , quid fadu opus , ut Gabios <strong>in</strong> ofKcio con-<br />
i. firateg. t<strong>in</strong>eret ? Nihil loquendo , multa refpondit Tarqu<strong>in</strong>ius. Rex velut deUherabundHs <strong>in</strong> hortum ttdi-<br />
Liv. l. t. um tranftt -^ficjHente nuntio filij ; ibi ambnlans tacitusfummapapaveris capita dicitur baculo \decuffiffe. So-<br />
dec. I. mni conciiiatrix papaver eft : non fijnt apta Reipubl. <strong>in</strong>flrumenta, quibus fomno caput eft gra»<br />
^<strong>in</strong>ejius ve. Qni vigilare j & <strong>in</strong> maximo filicitud<strong>in</strong>Hm curfu verfirifuH<strong>in</strong>et hic <strong>in</strong>genere quidem<br />
-f<br />
& no.<br />
oviHmPaflor^ <strong>in</strong> hom<strong>in</strong>um ver»genereRexeH,<br />
-^g«*"-«^§s^-<br />
QUM-
Philofophico-PolKica. l6l<br />
4'.'^ cYi ffi - • » 4\ - 1<br />
•<br />
•<br />
• s^ ?! i<br />
• .«Y' 'i^* Q '* *^'*<br />
• «i^ 'X*'*!'' ft*^'''^ vl.*^X' ^i**'''* 5C^^'^X* '%C**X'''*X* *X*"*A*<br />
T r :;;:•';;' r ; i < s • • • : 5 i ; ! < • i : i s ; ! l<br />
DISSERTATIO VIII<br />
De Meteoris Aqueis <strong>in</strong> tcrra, & primo <strong>in</strong> Ipecie<br />
de Mari.<br />
A Quea meteora <strong>in</strong> aere genira hucusque fat diu & fufe funt expofita; tem-<br />
-**-pusmonet,ut & ad ea,qua<strong>in</strong>tra terram generantur, defcendamus , cujusmodi<br />
ex fententia Ariilotelis ell tum mare, tumflum<strong>in</strong>a , tum fontes , lacus,<br />
Therma;, &:iimiUa aquarumprodigia. Et<strong>in</strong>hac quidem diflertationedicendum<br />
foliim efl dc mari , pro quo fit igitur<br />
QUiESTlO I.<br />
1)e qHtdditate ':::^aris y ejusque divtftone ^<br />
^5^<br />
nom<strong>in</strong>ibHS,<br />
Onclufio prima. Maie non efl lachryma Saturni , ut docuenmt Pythagorici,<br />
'" nec cernt fudorjUt voluicAnaxagoras & Empedoclcs, nec eft animal ab ignibus<br />
arduans fubterraneis , & magno fudore difFufum, uc f<strong>in</strong>xit Kcplerus , nec<br />
placet op<strong>in</strong>io Diogenis arbirrantis omnem locum , qui tcrram ambit , pr<strong>in</strong>ci-<br />
,pio humidum fuiMe , &:aquu replecum , tum Solis ardore exficcatum , plurimam<br />
ejuspartem <strong>in</strong> vaporem abi<strong>in</strong>e; eam vero , qua: remanfit , mare conftituere , itaque<br />
mar<strong>in</strong>am aquam prima: humiditacisreliquias elfe. Ratio conclufionis eft , quia ex tetmi-<br />
nis iptispacec hcec figmenta efTe.<br />
Conclufio fecunda. Mare eft elementum ipfum aquar , ab <strong>in</strong>itio <strong>in</strong> unum terrxlatus<br />
fcparatum. Explicatur mare <strong>in</strong>iplo munu<strong>in</strong>afccntis exordio tiiifteaDeo produftum ; ita<br />
tamen utprimototamterrsemolemundiquc complcxum flierit; de<strong>in</strong>detertiocreationis rerum<br />
die div<strong>in</strong>oim<strong>per</strong>io<strong>in</strong>eumlocum, quem nunchabet,feceflait. Exquopatet,caufam<br />
maccrialem maris elfeaquas condicas a Deo ab <strong>in</strong>itio mundi,quibus cciam acccdunt fluvii,tbntes&rtum<strong>in</strong>a,namomniaflum<strong>in</strong>aexeuntd<br />
mnri; »1' licet alii amnes ab aliis excipiantur , o-<br />
mnestamencandem<strong>in</strong>mare<strong>in</strong>fluunc, quodipfum Eccleliaftesi. c.affirmat,dicens: omniafltt'<br />
m<strong>in</strong>a <strong>in</strong> rriAre <strong>in</strong>trant : & mare non rediDulat. Caula efficicns , qu2e illud <strong>in</strong> unum collegit lo-<br />
cum, eft DeuS. Hicenim, utGcn.i. dicitur,^«//> omnem aqnam^ fjut eratfitb firmamenh), coU<br />
lioi <strong>in</strong>unumlocnm-j &apfellavit eam acjuarum conff^egationem maria, Forma ejus nulla eft alia»<br />
quam hxcaquarumcongregatio, <strong>per</strong>pecuia.'ftiis alteratione, &-flu(a:uum agitatione terrara<br />
puKansnec tamcneamobruens, fed <strong>in</strong>terpra:f<strong>in</strong>itosterm<strong>in</strong>os fc cont<strong>in</strong>ens.<br />
Oppones illud Gen. 2. cap. No» enim pluerat Dom<strong>in</strong>us ftt<strong>per</strong> terram , & homo rton erat , qui<br />
c<strong>per</strong>aretur terram , fid fons afcendehate terra, irrigans Mniverfam fu<strong>per</strong>ficiem terrs. Ex quo <strong>in</strong>fc»-<br />
res, ergo mare ex aliquoiijbterrancoterrxtbntc crumpit. Veru<strong>in</strong> refpondetur, hunc textum<br />
lic <strong>in</strong>telligendum elfe, antequam coeleftcs pluvice terram humedtarent , earum vice fontcs^ternE<br />
(<strong>in</strong>udiverlistradibusvenisque diftributos , ac fuis locis exfilientes omnem terrx<br />
fu<strong>per</strong>ficiem, prout cuique parti conveniebat , irrigalTe. Ita <strong>in</strong>terpretatur hunc locum D.<br />
Auguft. Raban. & Hugon.<br />
Conclufio terria. Etfi proprid unum tantum eft mare , cum Deus , ut diftum efli<br />
aquas <strong>in</strong>unum coegerit locum, &;hancaquarum collcaionemappellaveritmaria ; attamen<br />
ficut unus & idem languis tocius corporibus varie <strong>per</strong> venas & arcerias dedudlus alibi alias<br />
forticur apellacioncs, ita etiam aqucE maris communis cft natura , quce cum <strong>per</strong> occultos tcrra:<br />
meatus atque canalcs <strong>in</strong>omncs totius terra-partes decurrit, peculiaria conftituit maria. Di*<br />
viditur celeberriml divifione <strong>in</strong> Occanum, mare Mediterraneum , Rubrum, Perficum Sc<br />
Calpium.<br />
Oceanus dicicur a celeritatc mctus, eo, quod vehementi,celeriq;motu hue illucve agite.
l62<br />
Mcceorologia<br />
tur, ajcu^enim celer eft. Hic totam <strong>per</strong> circuitum cerram <strong>in</strong>ftar magni & latiflimi circuli<br />
ambit, efficicque ut terra (lipra&<strong>in</strong>fra fitaquis!:efta,idqueexDei juli"u,cumad<strong>per</strong>fe£l:ionem&;<br />
ornatum univer(i,tum <strong>in</strong> plantarum , tum <strong>in</strong>animantium uiiim. Hicproutpoftea<br />
varias mundi plagas&Regiones oberrat,varia<strong>in</strong>denom<strong>in</strong>a forticuseft. Ac primo quatuor<br />
appellationes,exquatuor mundiRegionibusaccepit. Ab orienteEousdicicur,aboccidente<br />
Occiduus , a Meridie Nocius , five Noricus , a Septentrione Septentrionaiis. Secundo<br />
prout de<strong>in</strong>de quamqueregionem <strong>per</strong>fundit, diverla aliccoribus fuis craxicvocabula. H<strong>in</strong>c<br />
yEchiopicusAtlanticus, Scychicus,Bricannicus,Germanicus, Galiicus didus.<br />
MarcMedicerrancum illud vocatur,quod ex oceano erumpens, <strong>per</strong>mediasterrasdif-<br />
funditur, & Europam abAIirica difterm<strong>in</strong>at, diftribuiturque <strong>in</strong>multa maria, Ibericum, Balearicum,Ligufticum,G3llicum<br />
Philofophico- Politica<br />
Sultano equum fefTuro reabellum fuic. At ranftus hic faftus & laudabilis fu<strong>per</strong>bia cft ; <strong>in</strong>- Tyrtnt<br />
firarebeilu<strong>in</strong>osmotus habere, &<strong>in</strong>domitisdom<strong>in</strong>ariafFeftibus, fra:naponerepallionibus; \-Antiflesl,<br />
pla vitia calcare. Vides maris Deum oceano legcs didare,flu6tibus limices ponere,calcarepro-/. helliSa-<br />
48.<br />
cellas, mar<strong>in</strong>isbeiluis habenas <strong>in</strong>jicere; Quid mirum? Deus efl , xquora frsenat. At quid<br />
homo^ Platonicum efl&tum erat: CogKofctndum cfl hom<strong>in</strong>i^fe effe ex j^enere Deorum. Diftator<br />
ergo bclluarum fit, feras cicuret. Antiqua hom<strong>in</strong>is laus e(t a Trismegifto enunciata:<br />
Terrenus aitidtm homo eft Deui qMidam mortAlis : c&leflis vero Deus efl homo immortalis : At Deorum<br />
annon eft dom<strong>in</strong>ari? annon lcgesponere, diftare jura, fceptra rotare^ crgo quantum^'- ^^<br />
Deofimilior es quantumquebrutis prxftas, tantumbrutalibusprxfis afFe6iionibus,dom<strong>in</strong>a-«'i«''^A
164<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
potamuseft, v<strong>in</strong>didacephaluseft ; animiprocclla5excitant,naufragiam<strong>in</strong>antur. Hac qui<br />
pallTonummonftraclomathoftem v<strong>in</strong>citmaximum. Adeoverum dixit facundiflimus Roma-<br />
norum : Animnmv<strong>in</strong>cere -, iracundiam cohiherefertijjimiefl. Haccjuifacit-, nonmodoeum egojtimmh<br />
Ciceropro i/iris comparo , fedjimillimum Deojadico. Prxftantillimus videri poftet Sefoftris Regis ^Egypti tri-<br />
/T-/
Philofophico-Politica. 165<br />
Conclufio tertia. Credibile eft , quod Author naturcc Deus ab ipfomundi exordio,<br />
quandotertiodie congrcgavit aquas<strong>in</strong> locumunum, toti aquce fal liquidum admifcucrit ad<br />
pifcium vitam , & contra putred<strong>in</strong>em aqusc. Ratio efl: , quia ex admiitione illius corporis<br />
aquaht (aUa,qu6d ciim feparatur, evadit <strong>in</strong>iipida. De<strong>in</strong>dequiaex aqua maris verus (al ex-<br />
trahitur, dum <strong>in</strong> quibusdam littoribus xftivo tempore maris aqua <strong>in</strong> planiticm aliquam latd<br />
funditur,&ret<strong>in</strong>etur, tuncenimSoliscabreevaporatur aqua,
166 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
a mat<strong>in</strong>a aqua fequentia : primo, fimt qui fpongiam nditam mar<strong>in</strong>JE immergi volunt , qusc<br />
ubi femel codla fijerit, omnem a (pongia falem attrahendum (jjondent , qux &c coquorura<br />
obfervatio eft, quipiici lalem exempturi, illum <strong>in</strong> aqua pilce plus (alita coquunt, a c6pio(i-<br />
ori falem<strong>in</strong>oremattraliendumexiftimantes; Aliil<strong>in</strong>tco tiiticeamfar<strong>in</strong>amiliigant, qua: mari-<br />
n£e immerla; falem attrahit. Sunt&alia, quce (.ilem conftr<strong>in</strong>gunt , ut ad lundum fublidat,<br />
fic alumenlixivio <strong>in</strong>jeftum (alem adimum trahit.<br />
Quseres feptimo. Curfalla fitim excitent J Refpondeo, fieri hoc ex co, quia faliedo<br />
fundum ventriculi petit, ubifubfidens concrefcit,adquamdiIuendamappetitumhumidi naturaexcitat,<br />
&nifi humidumaffundatur, omnes natursehumiditatesad (alem difTolvendum<br />
attrahit, ideo guttur & faucesfiti ex(iccantur.<br />
CoIIiges primo. Veri(4mile eflie, maris falfug<strong>in</strong>em non ab una falis fpecie promanare,<br />
fedpIuresiiEpeconcurrereadeoutvitrioIum , nitrum, alumen , &: bitumen multum conferant<br />
ad majorem <strong>in</strong>uno, quam alio maritimo tra£tu falfed<strong>in</strong>em <strong>in</strong>ducendam. Ita proptcr<br />
bitum<strong>in</strong>iscopiam <strong>in</strong> mariAfphalticofivemortuoaqux falfiffimce com<strong>per</strong>iuntur.<br />
Colliges fecundo , aquam mar<strong>in</strong>am tum ob faKed<strong>in</strong>em, tum ob crafiam Sc vifcidam fuam<br />
<strong>in</strong>de natam denfitatem , quibus imbutaeft, <strong>in</strong>eptamplaneefl^elavandisl<strong>in</strong>teis , Sc ext<strong>in</strong>guendis<br />
ignibus. Sic mare ipfumaIiquandoarfifl"e teftaturLivius decad.5!.lib.5i.& Theophane<br />
teft«apud Baren.tom.9. annoChrifti726,2ftivotemporevapor, ut ex cam<strong>in</strong>oignisvifusefl<br />
ebullire <strong>in</strong>ter Theram & Therafiam Infulas exprofl<strong>in</strong>do maris<strong>per</strong>aliquot dies , qui paulatim<br />
<strong>in</strong>craflato& dilatato igniti seftus <strong>in</strong>cendio totus fumus igneusmonftrabatur,<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
PrudentiaE fal ailionum eft condimentum.<br />
M S.l.H, Xr,.rr^ ix^<br />
Tul
:<br />
Philofophico-Politica. 167<br />
TUllium loquor: prudentia optima vitxmagiftraeft, confiliorum pvarceptrix,aftionum Ckero,<br />
£>ubernatrix , felicitatis procreatrix , ommum denique virtutum Dux &: moderatrix. /'/j/
i68<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong>quantum tota moles navis levior efl: , quam molesiEqualis aquse, poteftvero cont<strong>in</strong>gcre,<br />
utmolesnavis, qua; levior eft aqua mar<strong>in</strong>li ejusdem molis, non fit levior aqua'fluviali , ergo<br />
tunc fubmergetur. Maris vero hax gravitas oritur ex denfitate, cum gravitas major ex<br />
majori denficate fequatur. Ex quo habes unam &c alteram maris proprietatem de gravitate<br />
explanatam.<br />
Conclufio fecunda. Mare licet denfius 6c gravius fit aqua dulci, <strong>per</strong>fpicuatamen eft,<br />
quod <strong>in</strong>de patet , quia <strong>in</strong>terdum ad magnam protunditatem fundus maris videtur, quod haud<br />
dubio magnampcrfpicuitatem<strong>in</strong>dicat. H<strong>in</strong>cmarmorappeIlatur,marmorvitreumob den..<br />
fitatemfcilicet&:<strong>per</strong>fpicuitatem,ade6enimilliusaqux quibusdam<strong>in</strong>locis clarae funt&: limpidiE,<br />
ut fontanas quasvis limpiditatefu<strong>per</strong>are foleant. Circa Infu!amT«r«/j/e, qua; unaeft<br />
exMoluccis, Davitusde mundo, tom.i.tradit, omnium aliarum aquarum mar<strong>in</strong>arum clarifl^mamrepcriri,<br />
utad fummamillic profunditatem<strong>in</strong>jedae ad fundum anchor3E,uti&: mi-<br />
nutaillic arenaoptime difcerni poflit, ubi tamenvalde profl<strong>in</strong>dum eftmare, radiifolaresad<br />
fundum usquecolluftrare haudvalent, ficut teftaturKircherus <strong>in</strong>arte niagn,Lum.&: umb.<br />
lib.T. p.i. c.5. fe ab eximiis ur<strong>in</strong>atoribus, mancipiisTurcicisaudivifl^e, qui <strong>in</strong> mari Erythraeo<br />
unionibus corallisque <strong>in</strong>veniendis multis annis o<strong>per</strong>am i<strong>in</strong>penderunt,quod ad certam tantum<br />
profunditatemSolaris lux marepenetrarefoleat, ubiveroaltiflimum firfrecum,fLjndunif<strong>in</strong>e<br />
uUo lucis veftigio <strong>in</strong> peipetuis tenebris rel<strong>in</strong>qui ; quarum racionem aliam non efTe cenfet idem<br />
Kircherus,quam multiplicium fu<strong>per</strong>ficierum conftipationem.<br />
Conclufio tertia. Diverfis mare coloribus t<strong>in</strong>gicur non tamen veris , 6c t miftura primarumqualitatumgenitis,<br />
fedapparentibuitantum; viriditas enim ejusoriturex diverfa reflexione<br />
lucis <strong>in</strong> opaco & <strong>per</strong>fpicuo , fubruffjs cofbr nafcicurex bituni<strong>in</strong>e,nitro, & alumioe,<br />
quiavelmarilubfunt, vel ei funt admixta, aut etiam ex arena rubra, ut <strong>in</strong> prima qua:ftione<br />
annotavimus. Similiterdifcurrendumdecolorealbo tk nigro,quietiameprofunditatemagna<br />
maris oriri poteft. AudiamushacderepulchrephilofophantemCardanumiib.io.deSubtil.<br />
Adeo, <strong>in</strong>quit,magnumcftaquarumdi(crimen<strong>in</strong> mari,ucjuxtalndiam <strong>in</strong>yEthiopice^ri?.<br />
iio pafTum millibus fere trecentis albefcat, ut lac; alibicoeruleumfit , alibi nigrum, aiibi vi-<br />
ride. Album eft,cum arena alba fubeft mari m<strong>in</strong>ime proflmdo^viride cum mediocris fuelit<br />
profunditatis , coeruleiimque ciim magna:,moveturque ; fed ii cjuielcat, color fit argenteus,<br />
ita Cardanus. Obtervatum etiam eft a<strong>per</strong>itiflimis rerum Philofopliis, utait Au. Gel-<br />
JiusNoQ:.Accic.l.2.c.50. Auftris fpirancibus marefieriglaucum& cceruleum, Aquilonibus<br />
obfcurum acriusque, temporeCaniculcEturbidum. Undecolliges,adapparentemcolorum<br />
mar<strong>in</strong>orum divqrfitatem multum etia<strong>in</strong> conferre ventorum magis vel m<strong>in</strong>us fkvientium di-<br />
verfitatem. Muitum etiam ad hanc conducuntSolis radii , qui maris penetrant <strong>in</strong>teriora,<br />
crafliorcsque partesconimovent , non ablumunt. Qui mar<strong>in</strong>is tempeltaribus firequenter<br />
funtja(3:ati,tcltanturmarepei-tempeftatem commotam apparere velutmetallumignitum&:<br />
fufum; (imilitermanus eodem t<strong>in</strong>ftasvideri ignitas, quod hauddubiobitum<strong>in</strong>ofis&nitro-<br />
fis exhalationibus, quse tunc copiofius afcendunt, adfcribendum. Ex his rationem pro fequentibus<br />
deduces:<br />
Primo ad Americanam quandam Prov<strong>in</strong>ciam Chiribichi mare f<strong>in</strong>gulis annis fangu<strong>in</strong>is <strong>in</strong>.i<br />
flar rubere folet; quocirca & mare (angu<strong>in</strong>eum appellariconfuevit, ut memoratNieremb.<br />
1. 1, Hift. Nat. c. 27. volunt autem <strong>in</strong>coljE ab <strong>in</strong>numeris pifcium ovis, ibi generatis, hanc rubed<strong>in</strong>emortum<br />
uahere. Idem accidiE <strong>in</strong> InlulaCabaqua, quod oftreis adlcribitur, oftrece enim<br />
paflim fundunt fangu<strong>in</strong>em.<br />
S£Cund6,maremortuumalentore & Afphalcicum a bitum<strong>in</strong>e fic didum, Jofepho tefte,<br />
terdedie colorem fuummutaredicitur: mancequidematro,admeridiemcoeruleo,vef<strong>per</strong>irubeo<strong>in</strong>fectum<br />
colore confpicitur.<br />
Tertia Mare, quod Band<strong>in</strong>M iKfulas 50. milliaribus verfus ortum diflitas circumfluit,<br />
quotannis bis, Julionempe&Auguftonoduadeo candelcit, utnivis<strong>in</strong>ftar fplendefcatr<strong>in</strong>-<br />
terdiu vero confuetumcum aliisaquis mar<strong>in</strong>iscoloremhabet. Maretuncnoxioaliquohuanore<strong>in</strong>fici<br />
creditur. VideEphemer.Natur.CuiioCGerm.Decur,2. Annii. obferv.22.<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Gaudet oneribus Politicus.<br />
LAtoshumerosmare habet, portantem portat.<br />
Oneribus gravatur navigium, orientis<br />
merces<strong>in</strong> occidentemcransfert ;onui cftleve, gaudetgravari, oneratum felicius <strong>per</strong>git<br />
, neque oneri fuccumbitj Par cft ferendo, Et mare cot clafllbus on«ratum , <strong>per</strong>petuo<br />
COHl-
Philofophico-Politica. 169<br />
commcatitium navium pondeiiexpofitum, terga praebet, diunusno3:u<strong>in</strong>isqueoneribus fc<br />
fubmittit<br />
: Par eft terendo. ItA vir genercfus Ubores putat maxfmes Jitos Antagoiiiflas , lemfey(iHt<br />
lum his fugnare , tam noUu , qttuim <strong>in</strong>terdii* : nan pro afii , ^aetvadmodufn mHiieres-,<br />
«fij.w fro Oleaflro , Mttf f<strong>in</strong>u , fid pro felicitat; atttvirtute prr iotam vitam, Ntn vero fum , ejttum EUt<br />
prtdixer<strong>in</strong>t , attt Cor<strong>in</strong>thii , aut 'fhfjfjfcrum cornmunitas , c^uam non reformidat , fid tdtro provo-<br />
cahit omnes ex ord<strong>in</strong>e , & ftmilia nunc^ttam exiflimabit fibi gravia , fed valde levia. Verba au-<br />
diiQi Ethnici ex fchola virtutis declamata, Dionis Chryfoftomi. InfatiabiJis eft humanus Dion.<br />
animus, quifiAlexandri fit, ficutunusei non fufficitorbis, fic nondeficit ad onus. Labo-Chr^f<br />
ribus obviat, adqua:visarduadextram eximit, nec f<strong>in</strong>iftris opprimitur. Plura potes, quamor^j/.x,<br />
piites: quJE amara & ardua videntur onera , tentata dulcefcent. Quis credidilfet, Atlantis<br />
colla coelo non opprimi? Quis tantam portandi virtutem liquido elemento <strong>in</strong>natam putSf'<br />
fet? Ex<strong>per</strong>imentum eft, quodnontantumob[erat,(ed&:devorat. Animos aftume, &qu3:<br />
crandia vidcntur , grandioreauRi fufcipe. £/? fortitud<strong>in</strong>is proprium-, & magnitud<strong>in</strong>is animi , ni-<br />
hil extimcfeere , omnia humana defpiare , nihil cjuod hom<strong>in</strong>i accidere poffit , <strong>in</strong>tolerandttm putare.<br />
Ciccro. Armisanimusprsvalet, quirefoluta menteopus aggreditur,jam medium confe-<br />
cit. Supplet virium dcteclum animi fortitudo , &c crefcit robur <strong>in</strong> ipfi rerum difficultatc, Cic.l. 3.<br />
utcervis fruftra funt<strong>in</strong>gentia cornua,cum defit animus, (Scad fijgam f<strong>in</strong>tproni; ita necju-oj^c.<br />
vantMiIonislacerti,necAtIantishumen, ubimens fatifcit. Jacent Gigantes , (iNani funt<br />
<strong>in</strong>peftore. Tanta cujusque funt bona vel mala-, c^uantus eji animus-, (jui ea fitjl<strong>in</strong>et. Cic. Telo a«<br />
nimus prjcftantior omni. Nil profL<strong>in</strong>t munimenta, ubi dcfunt genero(brum (pirituum fbmenta.<br />
Fortitudo non <strong>in</strong> corpore, aut annis , fed animislocavit fedem. Magis <strong>in</strong> ferendo,quam<br />
feriendo pofita eft. Neque fiigit, quar gravia videntur onera, fed ultro obviat,<br />
quia par eft f crendo, Audentes fortuna juvat. Eratque Scipionis Africani <strong>in</strong> arena confilium<br />
cum dubiu pugnandum alca fbret : Audendum , at^ azendum. Nam : FortunavtrtMtemfe-f^rg.l.i9.<br />
qui/Mr. Sxpe quodviribus impaividetur,levifrimumfitaudendo,<br />
Y<br />
Turpiseftluiipfius dif--^«.w^<br />
fiden-^*^.<br />
,
.<br />
170 Mete.orologia<br />
fidentia, cum quodarteriis Sc artubus natura negavit , arte& <strong>in</strong>duftria afTequimur. NM<br />
' ' ^^' ' aHdemibus ejl <strong>in</strong>expugnabik , nihilpitis munitum adverfks animofos. Namfortuna cirm henignafemel arri-<br />
^^"<br />
. ferit .,audentesfecHMdo<br />
, fajf» ftibfecjnitur, Senecteverfii pro lymbolo uliiseftC. juniusPofthumus<br />
euarc . im<strong>per</strong>ator. Fortunafortes metuh-, ignavos fremit. Immanis feraadlatratum canum lentarefpi-<br />
cit,irritus<strong>in</strong>gentifcopuloflu6lui;airultat,ad catelli lurum Leo non moveair,ad decumanos<br />
fluctus petra non f rangitur. Sic animo generofo , fortitud<strong>in</strong>is lorica armato, non nocent vitcc<br />
tempeftates ; nulla <strong>in</strong> cum cadit <strong>in</strong>juria •, <strong>in</strong>vu<strong>in</strong>erabilis eft , lic^t multa <strong>in</strong> eum tela conjicU<br />
antur ; laboribus non premicur , quia appetit ; tunc maximus ciam fe illi fortuna appofuit ; exer-<br />
cicus dolorum & malorum non timet, quhparejiferendo. Ecenim audere is mihi redte videtur,<br />
qui nihil temere pra;fumit, nec ignave rejicit. Magnanimitatem moderatam effe debere , di.<br />
„ ccbat Alphonfus.^ Caro Carolo Burgundo ftetit, Audacem plus tequo fuiire, at Carolo V.For-<br />
/ ^'c '^/'^""^'"''''^'^^neqMehom<strong>in</strong>es<br />
^^(""'' Nolim hic Miltiades &Themiftocles, LucuIlos& Alexandros Magnos profi^rre. Id,<br />
'•rh-<br />
Bi..TcJt!.<br />
quodFuIviusTefti<strong>in</strong>AuftriaciHifpaniarumRegislaudemconvertit^detotaAuguftiflimaDo-<br />
Cant, 1<br />
Jnd. Co«.<br />
T QU^STIO IV.<br />
T)e CttH ifrofunditate i amplitud<strong>in</strong>e ^ communicatione<br />
moAuftriacoenunciaripoteft, Atlantisccelofliccollantisfymbolum: Excedit robore fondus,<br />
marium, ac nonnullis alils quiejitis,<br />
COnclufio prima. Mare non eft terra altius , fed depreflius. Ratio <strong>in</strong>de deducitur , quod<br />
omnia flum<strong>in</strong>a <strong>in</strong> mare tandem fele exonerenr. Defluunt porto ad humiliora , atque<br />
iptbrum alvei ita verfus caput & locum orig<strong>in</strong>aiem afcendunt , ut <strong>in</strong> paucorum<br />
milliarium <strong>in</strong>cervallo multis centenis pedibus fiepealtiores f<strong>in</strong>t. Nec hoc mirum attenta geometricaproprietate<br />
<strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>ationis, fecundum quamcertumeft, utDeikennis <strong>in</strong>o<strong>per</strong>ej. diei '<br />
computat, fi 100, V. g. pedes <strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>aiionisdent unum digitum deprefTionis <strong>in</strong> term<strong>in</strong>o plani<br />
<strong>in</strong>cl<strong>in</strong>ati, unum milliareltalicum, ideftfoo.pedumdabuntdigitosqu<strong>in</strong>genros, feupedesf,<br />
Ind<strong>in</strong>atioporro iftaadmodumparva eft, &angu!i<strong>per</strong>exigui,vixque fenfibilis, fi vifijs conftilatur<br />
, <strong>in</strong> hac tandlla 20. milliaria Italica , id eft feptem circiter leucs Belgica; it<strong>in</strong>eris dabunt<br />
tiifFerentiam altitud<strong>in</strong>ispedum 100.<br />
Dices: Littora navigantibuslongedepreflioraapparent, ergo fignum eft, hismareefTe<br />
alcius. Refpondec P. Adalbertus Tylkovvski Phyl^ part. 3. de Mcteor, c. i. &c caufam <strong>in</strong> nigred<strong>in</strong>em<br />
conjicit ; quod nempe littoranigra f<strong>in</strong>t , aqua vero maris fubalbida , aut fubviridis;<br />
huic verocoloricompolita nigredof<strong>in</strong>git depreffionem.<br />
Conclulio 2. Maris profunditas <strong>in</strong>certa eft. Baptifta Benedidtus ejus profunditatem exWn- i<br />
ditad milliare tantum dimidium Italic. Prifcianusadiy, ftadia , qua: nondum conficiuntu- '<br />
nummilliaveGermanicum^utaccepitaJuIiiCxfliris exploratoribus , alii ad ^o.ftadia. Soli»<br />
nus vcro vulcillud<strong>in</strong>muItislocisirn<strong>per</strong>lcrutabile;quodidemaffirmantPl<strong>in</strong>ius&OlausM.af^<br />
fcrentes, <strong>in</strong> Norvvegia non pofle luflncere f unem <strong>in</strong> explorando fimdo, etfi totam navim occu-<br />
paric, Circalnlijlasquoquemarispacifici nullabolideafTequifundum potueruntHollandi. '<br />
Naut£ noftrx"n;tatisteftanturex<strong>per</strong>imentisedodi,mare communiter extra vortices «Sc abyffos<br />
duo milliaria& dimidium vix fefe protendere.<br />
Conclufio^. Ampliuidomarispariteretiamnum <strong>in</strong>certa eft. JuliusScalig.exerc.^g-^ totiusglobiterraqueilij<strong>per</strong>fitieduaspartestribuit<br />
aquce; PiccoIom<strong>in</strong>iusplusterrcE,quam aquac<br />
adjudicat ; Bod<strong>in</strong>us pares elemento ucrique attribuit lu<strong>per</strong>ficies ; ex quibus hoc ipfo patet ejus<br />
amplitud<strong>in</strong>em certam nondum deteftam efl"e ex <strong>in</strong>appis generalibus,quantumvis accurate de-<br />
l<strong>in</strong>eatis.<br />
Conclufio 4. Fundus maris <strong>in</strong>squali conftat fu<strong>per</strong>ficie,quemadmodum enim terrse fpatium<br />
&:circulus<strong>in</strong>cEqualiterjamexlurgit<strong>in</strong> montes majores vel m<strong>in</strong>ores,jamdeprimitur<strong>in</strong>valles,<br />
jamexcurrit<strong>in</strong> prata,jam<strong>in</strong>tumefcit<strong>in</strong>fyivas&ejusmodifimilia;itahisaflnnia etiam <strong>in</strong> fubmar<strong>in</strong>a<br />
fu<strong>per</strong>ficiere<strong>per</strong>iuntur, ut funtfcopuli, fylvs, prata, utficfundus illiushaud fecusac<br />
terrx fcabrofus &c <strong>in</strong> xqualis obfervetur. Ita <strong>in</strong> mari Siculo ^xo^eDrepanum , <strong>in</strong> Gallico pro-<br />
\)^Telonem., <strong>in</strong>LigufticiOceani oris circaMajoricam fylvcE fubmar<strong>in</strong>xCorall<strong>in</strong>ae admirandi<br />
Naturae <strong>in</strong>duftria conftrudce re<strong>per</strong>iuntur. Prata pariter fubmar<strong>in</strong>a variis <strong>in</strong> tradibus Oceani<br />
obfervari docetKircherus<strong>in</strong> mundofubterraneo. UbiexHifpania&Lufitania <strong>in</strong>Americam<br />
trajiciturtotamaris fu<strong>per</strong>ficies herbafubmar<strong>in</strong>a,quamvulg654r^«j(/o vocant,velut <strong>in</strong> prato amccnilTimo<br />
multorumdierum fpatioefHorefcit. Similiapratavidenturquoquepropelnfulam.<br />
Melitam virore miro confpicuam,<strong>in</strong> quibus ifiumeripifcium greges,ceu <strong>in</strong> campo pabulantes,<br />
deliciantur, Talia etia floribus referta ad littus no viRegni obfervari idemKircherus tradit , qui<br />
ab<br />
'<br />
'
Pliilofophico-Poiicica. 171<br />
ab ur<strong>in</strong>atoribus dccerpti, tnox ac <strong>in</strong> auram cducuntur, cr)'flall<strong>in</strong>i lapidis naturam quafi <strong>in</strong>duunt,<br />
undc adornandisaltaribus <strong>per</strong>idonei. Mirabilcefi:, quod demariParionovum orbem<br />
aliuentetraditur,tot herbisvirentibushoc impiicitumclle, ut navigari non pollit oblidentibusretium<br />
morelongillimishcrbarumramulculis; cx!urt;untabimo, <strong>in</strong>fupeificiccoalefcunt,<br />
6c (u<strong>per</strong>anc <strong>in</strong>rerdum mare palmis qu<strong>in</strong>dccim. Rcicrt Pl<strong>in</strong>ius lib. u. c.2f. <strong>in</strong> mari<br />
rubro laurum maximc progigni uti & olivam fcrcntem baccas, & ti pluattungos, quifble<br />
tadi , mutantur <strong>in</strong> pumicem. Fruticum iplarum magnitudo ternorum cfl cubitorum»<br />
caniculis refc;rta , ut vix de navi rcCpicerctutum (it , remos plerumque iplbs <strong>in</strong>vadentibus;<br />
Polybius ctiam nairat, <strong>in</strong> maii Luiicanicogigniquercus, quarum glandcThynni vclcantur<br />
& p<strong>in</strong>guclcant.<br />
Oonclu(io qu<strong>in</strong>ta. Daturplerumqueetiam marium quoad vires&: proprietatcs quasdam<br />
communicatio cum illis terrarum tradibus, quas allambunt. H<strong>in</strong>c mate moi tuum quia<br />
littoribusc<strong>in</strong>giturbitum<strong>in</strong>ofis, &mare rubrum, quodcumeodem<strong>per</strong> fubtcrraneos meatus<br />
communicat, etiamfxturabitum<strong>in</strong>ofaquibusdam <strong>in</strong>locis rcfercafunt.<br />
QiKeres primo. Curmarenondeficiat,etliSol illudcont<strong>in</strong>uo (iccarelaboret ? Refpondeo,rationem<br />
efTcquiaquantum<strong>per</strong>vapores <strong>in</strong> ("ublime coaftos exhauritur mare, tantundem<br />
nubibus <strong>in</strong> pluvias relbiutis rciunditur. Unde prronca efl illorum op<strong>in</strong>io , qui maris vaporibus<br />
Solem , non fecus ac Lucernam oleo paCci crediderunt , priusquam enim vapores foli<br />
approp<strong>in</strong>quent,a Irigore^ecundaeRegionis aerea; denfati ie<strong>in</strong> mare refundunt.<br />
QiKeres (ecundo. Cur<strong>in</strong>globoterraquea,quamvismaxima(<strong>in</strong>t <strong>in</strong>eomaria&aquarum<br />
nulla tamen unquam cont<strong>in</strong>-<br />
adeadem<strong>in</strong>gentesplurimumtium<strong>in</strong>umillaprufiunc afHuxus ,<br />
gatredundantia,qualimites fuos conflitutos tranlcenderent. Relpondeo caulam efle primum,quod<br />
<strong>per</strong> occultos meatus fubterraneos tantundem aqux denuo ad alia maria, lacus, Hum<strong>in</strong>a&tbntiumfcaturig<strong>in</strong>esabducatur;<br />
vel utDigba-us obfervat tantum aSole delibetur <strong>in</strong><br />
nubes5cventos, quantuma cotfium<strong>in</strong>ibusaggeritur.<br />
Colligestamen exdodlr<strong>in</strong>a Ariftotl.i. hujus o<strong>per</strong>is cap.14. magnam fieri progrefTu temporum<strong>in</strong>terraabaquismutationem;<br />
primumcnimaitquasdam terrxpartcs velut circulo ex<br />
aridis humidas reddi, oc ex bumidis aridas, efieque <strong>in</strong> hac re terram animantibus fimilem,<br />
quodiilorum morejuvenefcat&vigeat , poftea (enedat, 6c <strong>in</strong> deteriore<strong>in</strong> ftatum mutetur;<br />
nifi quod totum animal ejuventute ad ("enium tranlit, <strong>in</strong>tegra vero cerra non icem, Ced rationealiarum,<br />
atque aliarum partium. Juvenelcit autcm terra , dum hu<strong>in</strong>ore ad fxcundi-<br />
quo pa6to aiiquot<br />
tatemaptoirrigatur; fenefcitdum humoreita defticuicur, uc ftcrilis tiac :<br />
terra: partes, quod alere hom<strong>in</strong>es non pofTent , <strong>in</strong>cultx , <strong>in</strong>habitabilesque manrere. Addit<br />
fiib<strong>in</strong>de<strong>in</strong>eodemcapitcPhilofophuSj<strong>in</strong>terdum cont<strong>in</strong>entcm tieri mare & contra , nam<br />
cum marisagicatioecceleftiumcorporum vi Sc etiicientiamanct; (icont<strong>in</strong>gac ea (idera <strong>in</strong>cer<br />
fe coiic&confpirare, qux ad fluduum jadtuciones plurimum valeanc ; fivic ulcra modum<br />
pelagus, icauc aliquando conc<strong>in</strong>encis aliquam parcem3cccfi"u<strong>in</strong>undec,&: <strong>in</strong>pofterum iLiijuris<br />
faciac; vel receffu decegac, 6c hom<strong>in</strong>umgeneriaccribuac. Sic DcIos&Rhodus exaquis<br />
denuoexciciffedicuncur. Sic ulcra MclonemeriicAnaphe: <strong>in</strong>ter LemnumiScHellefpontum<br />
Nen ; <strong>in</strong>terLebedum &Teon, Alone, <strong>in</strong>ter Cycladas, Thera, Therafia, Hiera. Sic non-<br />
nullcE Infuloe fadce , quae antea cont<strong>in</strong>entijunflx crant ; nam Sicilia ab Italia avuifa dicitur,<br />
Cyprusa Syria, EuboeaaBoeotia, BesbycumaBithynia, Sc quxdam alia;.<br />
E contrario quasdam Infulas junxit mare terris, ut Antilfam Lesbo, ZephyrlumHaricarnafTo<br />
, Ethufam M<strong>in</strong>do , Dromiicon
ij2<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
repagula disjiciuntur, ^ux renfim aqua excavar, (ibique viam, qua dilatetur,a<strong>per</strong>it. Nonnunquam<br />
certu div<strong>in</strong>ae providentice dispofitione propter hom<strong>in</strong>um fcelera , aliasve caufas fit,<br />
lii mare cxtra f<strong>in</strong>es egreniim <strong>in</strong> cont<strong>in</strong>entem efFundatur.<br />
UTut<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Correlpondentia & communicatio Rei-<br />
si.<br />
publ. utilis.<br />
JV. j-t .<br />
mons monti jungi non poteft, nec difHtcE Infulx conveniunt : Terra enim ftat»<br />
fuo <strong>in</strong> axe firmata : Ipratamen maria, quantumcunque disjuncta , non (eipfa folum,<br />
(ed&terrasjungunt , fibique communicant. Habent oftia fua, f<strong>in</strong>usque mutuos,<br />
quibus mare<strong>in</strong> mare <strong>in</strong>fluit, &quJE fuerunt longe , fiunt propd. Habent, quse dorfb por-<br />
tant, navigia, quibusAuftroBoreamjungunt ,hom<strong>in</strong>em adhom<strong>in</strong>em transferunt,negotiationesprom9vent,moresmoribusconfbrmant,arcanamentiumcommunicant.Fluuntmaria,&;mutuomanantepiftolx.<br />
Iliuuntuuiemporia, &:fiorent commercia. Volantcurfores,<br />
& aul je confbederantur. Mobiiia funt maria, fed <strong>in</strong> hac mobilitate Rerumpublicarum confiftitftabilitas.<br />
Velis remisque dum mutuo <strong>per</strong> ipfos undarum montes & arma , & mer-<br />
ces , & ablegati conferuntur , regna uniuntur , fic unita non v<strong>in</strong>cuntur. Naves & triremes<br />
pontes funt mar<strong>in</strong>i , quibus regnum ad regnum, animus ad animum accedit. Mari<br />
potifllmum fuam ftabilire fortunam , armorum & confiliorum cum exteris conjundtione<br />
fuafit Carolus V. Rom. \m\>. Quid namque tam eft validum ac potens, quod amicorum<br />
copias & opes fimul junftas , velut b<strong>in</strong>as manus fociatas v<strong>in</strong>cere , colligatas difTolve-<br />
rc
Philorophico-Polirica. 173<br />
re pollTt. Mutuis auxilils conflant omnia : mAnMs manMm , digitumque dtgitus ahluit. Nos<br />
vcroprorfus <strong>in</strong> niiiil ftatim abiremus , (i mutuam quis opem auterret. In commune vivi- retjjmb,<br />
mus,nemolibi fufticit unus, Pyladijun£lusOrcftcs, EuiyaloNirusadflaas, etiamHerculi<br />
terrori funt: nam nec Hercules contra duos. Ciim alteri te communicas, iilius auxiiium<br />
cmis: hcEcenim negotiatioeft, «Sc commcrcium animorum. Niliil eft,quodnonaIienoegeatauxilio,<br />
&;auxiliumpoflTt <strong>in</strong>alterumdilpenfare. Terrafoecundo rorea coelo Iadl;atur,<br />
led&illahuicvaporcs communicat. Flos teri-ce decorem tribuit, fed ab illa vigorem accipir,<br />
(Scnutrimentum. llniverfus orbismercaturx lpcciemhabet,eftqueamicitiarcommer-<br />
cium. QuotidieSoIcurrit<strong>per</strong>cQclicirculum, ut fe lideribuscommunicet, & <strong>in</strong>terram <strong>in</strong>fluat<br />
; <strong>in</strong>tendatque, ne ipft elementa mutuam violent focietatem. Et aquila, quantumvis<br />
pnEdatrix,fpolium tamencum aliis dividit? ut quas natura fimilcs fecit , communio (bciet.<br />
Exterarum mores aularum, idiom3tumparticipatio,pugnandiars,merciumnegotiatio, armorum<br />
conjunctio , Pandoram quandam ex republica taciunt ; <strong>in</strong> quam colliguntur, qua:<br />
<strong>in</strong>alias funtdigefla Hoceflillud amicitia»arc:<strong>in</strong>um,&:v<strong>in</strong>culumfbederis, quodiireptamaribus<br />
regna ji<strong>in</strong>guntur , veteri novus mundus (bciatur. Nemo ie folo beatusefti&dcxtera<br />
(<strong>in</strong>ifmE opem requirit. Neque eosdem,quos alterum regnum Solis <strong>in</strong>fluxus <strong>per</strong>cipit,neque<br />
quodvis ubiq; re<strong>per</strong>itur,quibusalteraterramercibusabundat,nonomnispolTidet;lL)ivi(itnatura<br />
divitias, ut alterum ab altero regnum mendicare cogat,<strong>in</strong> beatx concordiar argumentum.<br />
CcfTarct amicitia, ni(i domefticam levandi <strong>in</strong>opiam necelTTtas efTet pcfita<br />
,<br />
&c mutuo commo-<br />
dandi <strong>in</strong>digentia. Steterefem<strong>per</strong>, &<strong>in</strong>Hore ftetereRiCspublicce, quK manum cum vic<strong>in</strong>is<br />
junxere; imbelIesjacuere,qujEmutuamab exteris opem non cxpetivere; utenim plures o-<br />
culi plura-vkfent, ita plures dextrse dexterius o<strong>per</strong>antur, Deferitur a viftoria, quem vic<strong>in</strong>i<br />
priusdeferuere: atubifbederaftant^&animorum commercium; tirmantur regna , fblidatur<br />
Bonum commune, vic<strong>in</strong>iaomnis <strong>in</strong>tutocollocatur. Quis enim tirmillTmum amicitix murum<br />
fubruet , dum viva moenia ex communione bonorum &: animorum ccnfurgunt? Non<br />
cxercitusi necjueThefiuri pr^ejidia regnorum funt , vcrumamici. Hi vero Con(ervantur,dumcommercia<br />
fbventur; dummores moribus , animis animi correfpondent. Hic murus ahene»<br />
us efto.<br />
NOn<br />
QUiESTIO V.<br />
T)e 'variis maris Kz^totibus»<br />
hic quseftio eft de motu , quo aqua ob <strong>in</strong>natam gravitatem deorfum fertur; neque<br />
de agitatioae maris, quam venti caufant , qua: rcguIansefTe non poteft,neque<br />
fem<strong>per</strong>eadem, feddcaliis motibus, dequibus (it<br />
Corvclufio prima. Motus maris imprimis generalis direQus five naturalis efTe fblec<br />
ab ortu <strong>in</strong> occafum ; quod ex<strong>in</strong>de patet , quiaHilpani, qui <strong>in</strong> novum orbem verflis occidentemSolem<br />
euntes menftruo it<strong>in</strong>ere portum att<strong>in</strong>gunt,redeuntesverotrimeftriopUsha-<br />
bent. Item Lufitani trajedo Bonx (pci promontorio pronimad ortum verfus Goam vertentes<br />
fem<strong>per</strong> progrediuntur tardius, quam quando <strong>in</strong>de redeunt. Eodem modo qui cx<br />
Hifpaniis <strong>in</strong>Palxft<strong>in</strong>am , eunt, tardius multo appellunt <strong>in</strong> portum, quam qui <strong>in</strong>de rcvertuntur ;'<br />
quodfi veromarenon movereturab oriente <strong>in</strong> occidentem, navigationes verfus occidentem<br />
non deberenteffe velociores : ergo.<br />
Neque dicascumCabeolib.a. tex.;6. quseft.^. velocitatem navigationum occidentalium<br />
poffe oririexalia caufa, hoc eft exeo,quod <strong>in</strong> occano venti impellentes mare <strong>in</strong> occidentcmf<strong>in</strong>t<br />
frequcntiores, firmiorcs , & vchcmentiores, ut tcftanturnautx;nam ex hoc ipfoarguitur<br />
motusmarisoboriente <strong>in</strong>occidentem; mare enim<strong>in</strong>eam partem concipitmotum,<strong>in</strong>quamferturventus,unde,utfolvaturquccftio,reddidebet<br />
ratio propter quam & agr<br />
<strong>per</strong> venios & mare moveantur ab oriente <strong>in</strong> occidentem ,pro quo lit<br />
Conclufio fecunda., Duplexcaufahujusmotuscfte poteft: prima, quia coelum, dum<br />
moveturaboriente<strong>in</strong>occidentem, rapit etiam ignem, atrem & aquam occulta quadam vi<br />
<strong>in</strong>fluenticB. Etconfirmatur,quiaventiiftiab oriente <strong>in</strong>occidentcm, acmotus maris nota-<br />
turpra:cipu^ fubzonatorrida, &circaaequatorem,<strong>in</strong>quapartemotuscoelieftvelocior. Secundacflepoteft,<br />
quiaSo! fuo motu fem<strong>per</strong> fubjectam aquam & aerem calefacit, & confe-<br />
quenterrarefacit, undeutaer&aquararefadla occupent majus fpatium , debcnt moveri iri<br />
eam partem, ubi aer dcaqua poteft condenfari , & locum cedcrc ; qux eft occidentalior,<br />
quianondum concepit caloremexradioSoIis, qui ad illam ;ulhuc non pcrvenit ; ergo a
174<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
or es fub zona torrida , ut teflantur <strong>per</strong>iti. P. Athanaiius Kircherus <strong>in</strong> fua arte itiagnet. Hb.<br />
3. p.j. C.2. dat tertiamradoncm,dum docet, hunc motum provenire a Soleablumente, Sc<br />
<strong>in</strong> vapores refolvcnte magnam Oceani partem , quac fub Zona tomda jacet , qua abliimpta<br />
reliqua: aqus <strong>in</strong> fublidium veniunt parcium laborantium,ad impediendum vacuum : Hacc<br />
tamen rationon itapiacet, quiacreditudifficile ell, cjuodtantaaquarumcopiacont<strong>in</strong>uo abfumaturab<br />
immenloSoliscalore,&tamenmarenondeficiat, neque m<strong>in</strong>uatur.<br />
Obferva tamen,huncmotumabortu<strong>in</strong> occafumnonita<strong>in</strong>telligendumefre, quafi mare<br />
cont<strong>in</strong>uato lem<strong>per</strong> Buxu rcda plane femitafisratutexortu<strong>in</strong> oppofitam cont<strong>in</strong>uo plagam<br />
veriim fub<strong>in</strong>de obliquo etiam tramite progredi, ac nonnihil denederc, imo nonnunquam<br />
circulari fluxu motum cont<strong>in</strong>uare cogitur. Et talemnautae <strong>in</strong>Adriaticomari ex<strong>per</strong>iuntur,<br />
lentiunt enim , mare illud ad littus quidem Dalmatice abortuverfus occafum fluere ; led <strong>in</strong><br />
Venetiarumf<strong>in</strong>u retorqueri, ScadlittusltalicE verfusortum recurrere,ideoquemoveriquafi<br />
circulariter. Idem dicunc de Mediterraneo , quod juxta Europae littora, verlusHilpaniam<br />
<strong>in</strong> occadim defluit, <strong>in</strong> i<strong>in</strong>u tamen Hifpanite defledlit fecus Afiricse littora verfus ortum.<br />
Et hoc pucat P. Rliodes , mirabili quadam DEI providentia fieri, nd mare ab ortu <strong>in</strong> fluens<br />
terram obrueret; acti DELIS, qui mariterm<strong>in</strong>os conflituit, quos pra:terie nonpoterit, hoc<br />
quafi circulari motu <strong>in</strong>digeret, utmarisimpetumcohiberet. Conimbricenfesverocaulam<br />
hujus circularismotus conjiciunt<strong>in</strong>occurrentium impedimentorum conllitutionem, nam<br />
ciim aquLC <strong>in</strong>ccrterras concIurce,&: <strong>in</strong>littoraimp<strong>in</strong>gentes<strong>per</strong>petuotenorecier<strong>in</strong>equeantab<br />
crtu <strong>in</strong> occafLi<strong>in</strong> ; confequens eft , ut propS terras nexuolb it<strong>in</strong>ere <strong>in</strong> gyrum volvantur, &<br />
circularem motum imitentur.<br />
Conclulio tertia. Secundus motus, qui <strong>in</strong> utroque etiam mari vifitur , eft , quo mare<br />
3 leptentrioneadAuftrum fivemeridiemfeuaPblisadaequatorem defluit, utdocetArift.<br />
1.2. hujus opetis&ex eoS.Thomas, AlbertusMagnus,aliique communiter. Conftat hoc<br />
ex<strong>per</strong>ientia •, <strong>in</strong> mari mediterraneo enim aqu^E apaludeMacotide <strong>in</strong>fluuut <strong>in</strong>PontumEux<strong>in</strong>um,<br />
aPonto<strong>in</strong>u5^geum,ab./Egeo<strong>in</strong>Sicu]um,ufqueadfretum Herculeum. Eundem motum<br />
<strong>in</strong>Oceano notarunt Recentiores, exquo provenitutnavigationesafeptentrione ad meridiem<br />
e. g. ex partibus Danice & Hollandia; <strong>in</strong> HilJDaniam f<strong>in</strong>t velociores, quam navigationes<br />
ameridieadfeptentrioneme.g, expartibus Hilpaniae<strong>in</strong>Hollandiam&Daniam. Utreddatur<br />
veroratio talis motus,<br />
Notandum venit, aquas&omneshumores fe librare. Libratioporroconfiftit<strong>in</strong>hoc,<br />
utfecundumfupremamfu<strong>per</strong>ficiem f<strong>in</strong>t a^que altx,feua;quediftantesaceniro, ideo, fi una<br />
pars fu<strong>per</strong>ticieiaqujeeleveturfupra aliam,ftatim.^qua dcfcendit <strong>in</strong>partem deprefliorem, &<br />
movetur mocu librationisnecunquam partesaquaquiefcuntjdoneclibrentur, ita utomnes<br />
partes fu<strong>per</strong>ficieiaeque diflenta centro. Hoc prx^notato<br />
Tripiex ratio afierri hujus motuspotefl. Primo,quiaterraBorealisaltiorcenIetur efle<br />
auftrali, ideoque neceilarioab ea aquas dilabi <strong>in</strong> cava Sc protimdiora. SecundcquiaverfijsSeptentrionemmaximimarefubeunt<br />
fluvii, utMa:otidemTanais, Pontum Eux<strong>in</strong>um Da- ,<br />
nubius. Tertio , quia Sol valde imm<strong>in</strong>uit maria meridionalia <strong>per</strong> vehemcntiflimum calorem<br />
extrahens <strong>in</strong>gentem vim vaporum circa Zonam torridam, ad feptentrionem vero parum<br />
<strong>in</strong>im<strong>in</strong>uit aquam propter calorisdebilitatem, ergoutaquse librentur,&: non nimis crefcant<br />
<strong>in</strong> altitud<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong> maribus feptentrionalibus,ubimuItumaugenturaflum<strong>in</strong>ibus,parum m<strong>in</strong>uuntur<br />
aSole, neceffe eft,utdefluant, verfusmeridiem,utfuppleantdefei3:umaquarum,cau- ;<br />
falum <strong>in</strong> maribus meridionalibus ex elevatione vaporum.<br />
Obferva tamen huncmotumexplicatum <strong>in</strong> locis valde latis , efTc tardum, ut notatArilL ,<br />
ac pene <strong>in</strong>fenfibilern , <strong>in</strong>anguftis vero effe valde velocem, &Ienfibilem. Rationem affert<br />
idem Philofophus , quia ut confervetur libratio aquarum, neceffe eft , ut eodem tempore<br />
tantundem aqus egrediatur ex mari angufto , quantum ex lato, alioqu<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> maribus anguftis<br />
aqua excrefceret. Ut vero una hora tantum aquse egrediatur <strong>per</strong> alveum centuplo majo- ;<br />
rem , quantum egreditur <strong>per</strong> alveum centuplo m<strong>in</strong>orem,debet aqua centuplo velocius moveri<br />
<strong>in</strong>alveocentuplom<strong>in</strong>ori; undeneceffeeft,utaqu£Edum defluunt<strong>per</strong> marialata,moveanturtardifIime&<strong>in</strong>fenfibiliter,cumverodifHuunt<strong>per</strong><br />
mariaaugufta, raoventur velociter, &<br />
lenfibiliter.<br />
Conclufio quarta. Tertiusmotus maris eftille, quem seftumufitata fignificatione appellamus.<br />
Motushicmat<strong>in</strong>us confiftit<strong>in</strong> eo, quodmarejamad littusaccedat, mox iterum<br />
recedat.Non eft autem toto mari cequalis , nam <strong>in</strong> quibusdam traftibus aut nullus aut <strong>per</strong>exiguus<br />
exiftit j fic Mceotis, Propontis , Eux<strong>in</strong>us , mare Calpium & .^geum nullo fenlibili ae-<br />
ftureciprocantur. Medicerraneum vero cotum notabili caretasftu , prajlertim <strong>in</strong> ora Gai-<br />
lica, Italica& Hilpanica. Inf<strong>in</strong>eAdriaticitamenpropeVenetiaseft notabilis <strong>in</strong>tumelcentia,<br />
<strong>in</strong>oppoiicavero parte Adriatic<strong>in</strong>onrefpondet a;flus iequalis. MareBalthicum, cui fe <strong>in</strong>ter<br />
Daniam oc Norcvegiam <strong>in</strong>f undit Oceanus, nuUum patitur aEftum, InOceano veroadlitto-<br />
:<br />
ra
hilofophico-Politlca. 175^<br />
ra AnglicE) Flandriar, Hollandia', Gallis, Hilpania; , Lufitaniac , Afiicce , qucc littora refpicii<strong>in</strong>t<br />
occidentem , eft maximus a-ftus, ica ut <strong>in</strong> litcoribus AnglicE dicatur aqua exfurgerc <strong>per</strong><br />
odlog<strong>in</strong>tacubitos. In iittoribusoppofitisrefpicicntibusorientem circa Mexicum&Cubam<br />
Infijiam j\k ell ienfibilis aftus & <strong>in</strong>cumelcencia. In Oceano pacifico ceftus eft ica velie.<br />
mens , ut <strong>in</strong> Peruvia atjua progrediatur <strong>in</strong> cont<strong>in</strong>entem pcr duas leucas. In Oceano Indico<br />
riuxuseft itamagnus,ut <strong>in</strong>littoreCambajaE, quceeft<strong>in</strong>taucibus Indi flum<strong>in</strong>is, mare b<strong>in</strong>is<br />
horistrig<strong>in</strong>tacirciterleucas obtcgat. Undehom<strong>in</strong>esea<strong>per</strong>nicitate (A-pe undis obruuntur,<br />
& neceflecftcymbali Ibnituprimonerevic<strong>in</strong>iam^utveniente mari, quisque <strong>in</strong> tcmpore li-<br />
bi coplijlac. Nec navespoflentibicommorari, nifihaberentlacunasadeumufum defoflas,<br />
<strong>in</strong>quibus mari abeunte confiftunt.<br />
Conclufio qu<strong>in</strong>ta. Non eodem ubique temporis fpatio teftus <strong>per</strong>ficltur. Patec hoc<br />
ab <strong>in</strong>dudione,namGarumnxfauces<strong>in</strong>littoreAquitanicoleptenishoris fijbitOceanus, qu<strong>in</strong>is<br />
refugic. Juxta fluviumnigrum<strong>in</strong>Gu<strong>in</strong>eamarequacuorhorisaftluit,o6tonisreHuit. Eu-<br />
ripus fepciesdie quofibQt fluit 6c refluit , licet hoc a nonnuliis negetur. Ad Indi flum<strong>in</strong>is fauces,utdidumeft,<strong>in</strong>littoreCambajxmareb<strong>in</strong>ishoristrig<strong>in</strong>ca<br />
circirer leucas acceflu obteeic,<br />
& b<strong>in</strong>is cocidem receflli decegic. Aliis <strong>in</strong> locis communis regula eft , quod mare (ex horis nuac,<br />
filxquealiishorisrefluac.<br />
ColiigicurhiccEftumhuncmaris triplicem habere<strong>per</strong>iodum, diurnam, menftruam Sc<br />
annuam. Diurnaraliseft,ucapparenteLunafiiprahorizontem mare <strong>in</strong>cipiat <strong>in</strong>tumefcere,<br />
&atcollentereLunaetiamaquaattollatur, donec hac<strong>per</strong>veniat ad meridianum coeli vercicem;<br />
cunc vero rocoadhorizontemocciduum delcenlu refidet , ad quem ciim <strong>per</strong>venerit,<br />
iteium<strong>in</strong>tumercit mare, quoadusqueLuna pundummediccnodis atcigerit, ibi enim detu-<br />
mefcit, quoufque fidus adortumlereduxeric. De<strong>in</strong>deunafi^rehoraf<strong>in</strong>gulisdiebus cardius<br />
<strong>in</strong>cipitxftus, quiaLunaaboccafii<strong>in</strong>ortum<strong>in</strong>ccgra penehoraf<strong>in</strong>gulis diebusretardatur. Pe-<br />
riodus menftrua confiftit<strong>in</strong> hoc,ut<strong>in</strong>tumefcentia nonfem<strong>per</strong> lit CEqualis,(ed <strong>in</strong> noviluniis,<br />
&pleniluniis fit maxima, de<strong>in</strong>de <strong>in</strong>cipiat decrelcere , itaut <strong>in</strong> quadraturis, cum nimirum<br />
Luna diftat aSole <strong>per</strong> quarcam parcem coeli, fic m<strong>in</strong>ima <strong>in</strong>cumefcencia ac pene <strong>in</strong>fenfibilis,<br />
Periodusdemum annua confiftic <strong>in</strong> hoc, uc duobus cequ<strong>in</strong>odtiis <strong>in</strong>cumefcentia fit maxima»<br />
de<strong>in</strong>de <strong>in</strong>cipiac decrefcere, icaut<strong>in</strong> folfticiis fic m<strong>in</strong>ima.<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Abdicanda funt bona, qux animum <strong>per</strong>dunt.<br />
Llberi<br />
naci fumus , Sc v<strong>in</strong>cula amamus. Poflidemus, & poflidemur : nam fervus efl:,<br />
qui cupidicacis fua Dom<strong>in</strong>us non eft. Labem purpura af<strong>per</strong>ferunc Perfei & Galbce,<br />
Sejani /«/. ia<br />
tiiSjlU.
Uhemifl.<br />
tifHdFal.<br />
Max,<br />
Plut. <strong>in</strong><br />
Crajfo.<br />
ly^ <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
risparcemiat Frnflat virf<strong>in</strong>e fecmia^ qtuim fecnnlufme viro. Ani<strong>in</strong>Hs eft^ tjHi divities fAciU Quomodo<br />
vir eft, cui anitrms non eft ^ animum <strong>per</strong>dic , qui munera accipit. Reae Scneca<br />
nemmem divitem cenfuic , licet pecunia opulentum , (i vircuris egenus eft. Quis enira<br />
f2.<br />
^Wo^^^ffT. "Xd.dat-tZa d^lJi<strong>in</strong>ci/. J,ijrru. SML Xn-iur.-ujai/^ .*<br />
aureum imbrem jeftimat, ubi avaricfcc pru<strong>in</strong>a vlrtutem ilccoqak ^ PerfHafum t^i ft , ajebat.<br />
Pytiiagoras , te myi j>oJfe ejfe pjfejforem rei , cjuam non <strong>in</strong>tr.i mentem habes. Oux <strong>per</strong>dere potes<br />
extra te runt. Qus mentem <strong>in</strong>ficiunt, haec te <strong>per</strong>dunt , hsEc major ru<strong>in</strong>a eft. Virum ut<br />
ferves , conare ; hic <strong>in</strong> animo eft. Mdo virum ahcjue pecunia , quamfecuniam absaue viro, Vir<br />
f<strong>in</strong>e pecuniaprobus efTepoteft; cum<strong>in</strong>iquisopibusnon poteftnonefte malus. Divesautcm<br />
fimalus eft, antu eumopulentum dixeris, cum fit mentis egenriflimus ? fi volueris te divitem<br />
facere, non eft^quodaugeas opes, fed m<strong>in</strong>uascupiditates. Mente egentenullusnon<br />
eft pau<strong>per</strong>. Divitis enim non a fortuna petenda: funt, fed a feipfo. Quantum quis valet<br />
animo,C3ntumftatbene. Qui totum pofcit&: obt<strong>in</strong>etorbem,fi feipfo caret, quid habet?<br />
at qui <strong>per</strong>dit , quae extra fe funt, fi fe fervat , cijm aliud nihil habet, poftidet omnia , quia<br />
animumferyat, qui <strong>in</strong>tra fe cont<strong>in</strong>et omnia. PrsCalliaAthenienfi gloriatus eftAriftides,<br />
cum ille opibus fuerit ampliflimus; quia hicfeipfocontentus,malletque<strong>per</strong>dere omnia,ne<br />
<strong>per</strong>dat fe. Virtutes habuifle plurimas Crafllim , Plutarhus eft teftis ; modico <strong>per</strong>didit omnes<br />
, quia parvo lucro nimium adhcefit. Qui omnia poflidet, multum debet. Qiiantum ?<br />
omnia. Quia fortuns eftobligatus. Qui fe fervat , cum <strong>per</strong>didit omnia , <strong>per</strong>didit nihil',<br />
quia tenct fcipfum. Tu ne <strong>per</strong>eas vide ; <strong>per</strong>eant cstera : fic <strong>per</strong>dere,lucrum eft.<br />
P<br />
QU^STIO VI.<br />
Pe caufa reciproci ajius maris.<br />
(RxmifHs iis, quae dicta funt prsecedente quceftione, omnibusque noriflTma (unt, fequitur,<br />
ut <strong>in</strong>quiratur ignotiflima leciprocantis raar<strong>in</strong>iccftiis caufa,undenimirunifiat<strong>per</strong>pe<br />
tuus
I <strong>in</strong>dubius<br />
Philofophico-Politica. \jy<br />
tuus ille, atqueadeo aniformismotustanci elcmcnti. Reshxcmukum5cdiu <strong>in</strong>genia Philolophorumtorlit.<br />
DeAriftotelis op<strong>in</strong>ionc non contlat, cum nullus iplius de hac re liber<br />
exiftat, Fama eft, cumEuripi illius, qui <strong>in</strong>tiaAulidem BoeociEeportum&Eubce.<br />
am Inliilam <strong>in</strong>terjacec, naturam, ejusque feptenas rcflcxioncs , quas ut diximus, quotidie<br />
fubic , non (atis explicare poflct , txdio
lyS<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
lunavciQdecrefcentc exdefeftu hiimonsdetumefcunt, atqiie decrefcunt, Sic quoque obfervatum<br />
lunacrefcentevel decrefcencemedullas <strong>in</strong> ollibusanimalium, <strong>in</strong>ovisalbumen,c£eteraque<br />
id genus crefccre aut decrelcerc.<br />
Conhrmatur lecundo, Ex<strong>per</strong>imento fadlo a P. Kirchero. Hic pelvim aqua nitrofa<br />
repleta,&faleco<strong>in</strong>n"iU!iimixtaferenanoderadiislunaribus txpofuic^quic ftatim tervcre <strong>in</strong>-<br />
cepit, «Sctuncvel maxime, dum luna <strong>in</strong> plenilunioverluretur. Idem ex<strong>per</strong>imentum cepit<br />
<strong>in</strong> lupimar<strong>in</strong>ifeuphocrcorio, quod luna; radiiscxpolitumpilosadejus<strong>in</strong>crementumerigebat,(5i:ad<br />
dccrementum demittebat. Cumergo <strong>in</strong>tercorporahumidaprimumlocurateneat<br />
niare; neccffe elt quoque, lunam ipfi<strong>in</strong>terca.'teradom<strong>in</strong>ari,&confequenter mirum nonef-<br />
fe , fi caufct <strong>in</strong> mari <strong>in</strong>tumcfcentiam ac dctumefcentiam coo<strong>per</strong>ante Sole,<br />
Hispofitis dii+icultas eft explicarc, qua virtute 6c quopactolunacaufetmar<strong>in</strong>os aeftus;<br />
modumhunc, quod idlunaefticiatieife nobisprorfijs<strong>in</strong>cognitum,&; <strong>in</strong>com<strong>per</strong>tum fatetur<br />
P, Rhodes , nec habere quemque aliud , quod reponat , ni(i exclamarecum Ecclef ii. v. 4. mi-<br />
rabiliao<strong>per</strong>aaltiflimi folius, &gloriol;i,& abfconfa,&<strong>in</strong>vi(a o<strong>per</strong>a illius. Quid tamen alii<br />
dicant, (Tvqux op<strong>in</strong>iotencndabreviter<strong>per</strong>fequentesConciulionesexpediam. llndefit<br />
Conclufio fecunda. Lunanoncaufat fluxum &: refluxum <strong>per</strong>calorem&lumen. Probatur,<br />
quiadum eft<strong>in</strong>punfto medice no6tis,tunccaufatmagnam<strong>in</strong>tumefcentiam,*Sctamen'<br />
aquam neque calefacit, neque illum<strong>in</strong>at. Secundo, quia<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>tcrlunio, quo tempore luna<br />
luo lum<strong>in</strong>e deftituitur; oc quando <strong>in</strong>alioefthemisphxrio, qu<strong>in</strong> nobis colluceat, autgalefaciat,<br />
nonceffantapudnosnmimiseftus, ergo<br />
Conclulio tertia. Luna neque mar<strong>in</strong>os ceftus caufat <strong>per</strong> motum fuum vel tumorem<br />
quendam, quatcnusmare ab ipfa luna fufpenditur: aut<strong>per</strong> impulfum mari impreffum. Ratio<br />
primieft,quia fimarisxftusfequereturadmotum lunixr, folummovereturmare aboriente<br />
<strong>in</strong>occidentem,nullaquedareturratio,curaquaaboccidente<strong>in</strong>oricntcmreverteretur <strong>per</strong> refluxumconti-aimpetum,<br />
«Scdelationemmotuslunce. Ratiolccundieft, tum quianautx fub<br />
Torridanaviganteshoc animadvertercnt; tum quia non eodem tempore <strong>in</strong> utroque liemispha!rion:ftus<br />
fieretUumdenique, quia maioresdeberenteffe xftus fub zona torrida, quam<br />
verfu.sSeptentrionem,quod tamen falfum eft. Ratio tcvtii cft, quia quando lunaeft <strong>in</strong> hemis-<br />
phcerio, vcl <strong>in</strong> horizonte oppofito, non poteft <strong>in</strong> aliis tamen impetum imprimere, <strong>in</strong> quibus tamcn<br />
(unttales xftus ; tum etiam quia fatis explicari non poteft, quomodo aquis imprimat hu-<br />
j usmodi impulfiim ,quando mare refluit.<br />
Conclufioquarta. Lunacaufat<strong>in</strong>tumefcentiam maris<strong>per</strong> qualitatem&<strong>in</strong>fluentiam occultam,<br />
cujus propagatio nonimpedituracrafTitie ac denlitateterrx. Primo enimlunaqua-<br />
{lamfuaqualitate, & viocculta<strong>in</strong>fluit & alterat humores <strong>in</strong> corporibus animalium,&<strong>in</strong> ho-<br />
m<strong>in</strong>eslunaticos<strong>in</strong>fluit, crgo ctiamlic<strong>in</strong>fluet Sc alterabit <strong>in</strong> mari Ipiritus (ulphureos& falni-<br />
•trales , qui (i<strong>in</strong>t veluti maris humores <strong>per</strong> ord<strong>in</strong>em ad lunam , talesque xftus, prout hic caufa-'<br />
bit : Secundo pr-obatur etiam, quod propagatio talisoccultx <strong>in</strong>fluentiae non impediatur a craf-<br />
fitie terra: ; nam ciim luna eft <strong>in</strong> puncto miCdix nodis , <strong>in</strong>fluentice lu nares proveniunt ad mare ><br />
ctiamfi mediettotacrafiities terra;. Qupdveropropapatioaliquiirum <strong>in</strong>fluentiarum&qualitatumnonimpediaturaden(itateulliuscorporispiobacur,nampodagrici,&pluresaliitegra-<br />
ti (entiuntefFedus pundtorum lunarium,e.g.quadraturarumctiam luaa manentc (ijbhori-<br />
zonte. Sicutenimdanturqutedamcorporaetiam valdedenfi, quttnon impcdiunt transmiffionem<br />
lucis, cujusmodi eft cryftallus , 6c hxc vocamus diaphana, alia vcro corpora impedientiatransmiflionemlucis,<br />
quxvocamus opaca cujusmodi il<strong>in</strong>t lapides , terra &c. ita poflunt<br />
dari corpora, quce licet lucem non transmittant, atque adeo (<strong>in</strong>t opaca, nansmitcant tamen <strong>in</strong>fluentias,itautrefpeftu<br />
illaium poll<strong>in</strong>t proportionaliter vocari diaphana,fed de hocpKira<br />
<strong>in</strong> quccflione fequenti.<br />
Conclulio qu<strong>in</strong>ta. Luna Iiac fua qualitate , Sc occulta <strong>in</strong>fluentia non caufat maris fluxum<br />
&:refluxumrarefaciendo&conden(andoilliusaquas, fedalterando illarum (piritus,itautal-<br />
teratisfiatmarisaccefTusadlittus, illisvero fedatis fiat recedlis. Ratio primi eft, quiafi luna<br />
itacaufaretc8ftus,aqua fieret calidior, verum hoc multo magis cfHceretSol, quam luna, &<br />
confequcnter a Sole duntaxatcaularetur ceftus. De<strong>in</strong>dehujusmodi rarcfadio (<strong>in</strong>e dubio lentireLur,videreturque<strong>in</strong>navigiis,quxattenuataaqurimaris<br />
pcrfluxummergercnturmagis,&<br />
rurflis conden(ata<strong>per</strong>effluxumemcrgcrent;quodtamcn nullibioblervarur. Acccdit,quod<br />
h<strong>in</strong>c fequerecur,aquamm<strong>in</strong>usgravitare <strong>in</strong> maris acccffu, utpocerarc(ada,quam <strong>in</strong> recefTu)<br />
utpote condenfata,quod rurfus contra ex<strong>per</strong>ientiam eft,ut oftendunt Fromondus Sc Galilceus,<br />
Racio fccundieft, quia, utdocctArifll.:;. degencrationeanimai. tap. ult.marerepletum efl<br />
fpiritibusfii!phureis
Philofopliico-Politica. 179<br />
ronclufio fexta, Non improbabile etiam eft, <strong>in</strong>tumefcentiam & detumefcentiam aounrum<br />
fieri ex attraftione & relbrbitione humiditatis extranea: cx fundo mans & cx aere<br />
2er ruremcommunicatamaqux aLuna&Sole mediantci laoccultauiHuTO^<br />
rum d tatem debilitata adione attradiva Lunx fundus mans atque aer rur us abforbcat ,
Igo <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Vl t U ''^:!tm')Htbma.,fjHiiJ!)eHsillis largitHr-ifarthndiflribuattUfanim fi^^ A (libditis VC-<br />
' II a. luc ovibus lanam habent : qua fe tcoant ; viciffim illos piotegant. Sic ab illis lac haui iant,<br />
p<br />
. .<br />
'<br />
ut nonexhauriant;veiumniutuo lactent&nutriant" Crediderimcordi humanoeumbene<br />
"* comparari, qui pra°efl:. Uc enim cor pr<strong>in</strong>cepsmembrorum ell, (ic pr<strong>in</strong>ceps cor efKiabditorum.<br />
Itaveroexmembrisac venis langu<strong>in</strong>is rivos attrahic, uc iimuitonslic ac oceanus,<br />
ex quo fideli reflexu <strong>in</strong>venas ac membra refijndacur. Memoratu dignus antiquitatis mos<br />
Regesadfontes &arbores coronandi. Nonenimbeneregit,qu<strong>in</strong>on conpnuo beneticiorumimbre<br />
irrigat,velutfbns,quascx terrahaufit, <strong>in</strong>terram aquas refundit : neque utilis elt<br />
Reipublicaevir publicLrs,qui non arborisad<strong>in</strong>ltar fe exterra; liicco nucrientis, 'fruduum alU<br />
jnenta rependit. Non dono, fed mutbo data funt, qua; a (ubditis offcruntur, ut referantur<br />
aRege<strong>in</strong> fubditos. Velutvcndens(Sc emcns (ehabent, exfolvit ifte, quod ilii Iblverunt. Socratcs&AIcibiades<br />
dando&reddcndocolluferunt;iftequodmi(it,illeremi(it;ut &un<strong>in</strong>omcn<br />
benefici non deeifet, &;altcrumtitu!usgratitud<strong>in</strong>is ornaret. Correlativa IL<strong>in</strong>t Dom<strong>in</strong>us.
PhiloTophico-PoIitica. igl<br />
attra£livamfeuitTipulfivampei-qu;TElibecfciOcorpoiatrajicic,itacumproportionetcrrccrnoIes<br />
non clt im <strong>per</strong>via k<strong>in</strong>ari <strong>in</strong>nuxui , quoparcesmarisdiamctralitcroppofita^concicenturlimu!.<br />
Secundo: videmusSolcm<strong>in</strong>tranoftrum horizontemteiTa;diamctrunipcnetrarc,(ScGLim<strong>per</strong>venitadmcridianumoppolitum<strong>in</strong>riuerc<strong>in</strong>nollrosgallos
Clc 1<br />
radox<br />
Ovid. t^.<br />
Metamor<br />
l82 <strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
7)
Philofophico-Politica. 185<br />
Neronem <strong>in</strong>tende, <strong>in</strong>Hannibalem conjice: faclus iIlevoluptatibusmonftnim,illecupiditate<br />
an<strong>in</strong>io motus. Peraures<strong>in</strong>animum (irenum illecebrxdefcendeiunt. Elim<strong>in</strong>andilimtelim<strong>in</strong>eauriumeffia:nesvoces,neanimos<br />
laciantcrtrontes; utpcrcuniculos<strong>in</strong>uibem<strong>in</strong>grediturhoftis,3ut<strong>per</strong>mi(Iititiosignes<strong>in</strong>laviIlasobiit<br />
Troja : licpcr auiiummeatusamorisriamx<br />
ferpuntadcordisarccm,queisipieanimusdepa(citur. Integcrnoned animus, litabe<strong>in</strong>tis-<br />
ftuselUuditus: triumphatlcelus<strong>in</strong>cordispra:lidio, li tympanifta limen aurium tenetCupi-SfMff. /«<br />
do. Dijfidlcm hJyoe opomtaurem a^ crimi'»^. Seneca. Verborum cocnum 6c opusoblca'numpr»wt.<br />
nonnili organo dirtcrunt, hoc iilifts pcdiflequum agit. In auribus, qui verccundiam cxuic,<br />
frontem <strong>in</strong> animo haud gerit. Securum ftat cordiscaftellum , ubi modeftia aurium excubias<br />
agit. Candidamens,ubiverecundix vexillumclt auribus pcndulum. CxcusCupido eft,<br />
ut<strong>in</strong>am & liirdus ncqueXerxem Lvliiret, neque Alexandrum prnftraviflet. Proftituca domus<br />
eft, ubi oftia patcnt : neque pretium p jdoris ret<strong>in</strong>ec arca cordis , cui cleficit cullodia auris. Nu! -<br />
luscnecrpurcus,omnestbrentlpur<strong>in</strong>x,liocclufxmancientauriumjanux. Levispropudioli<br />
verbihalitustempeftatesanimiciet: lubrepens <strong>per</strong> aurem aura oblcoenior peftem pudicitix<br />
mach<strong>in</strong>atur. Deditionem animi cogita, auriumTympanumfi pullatCupido. Monftra <strong>in</strong>grediuntur,<br />
chimxrx vexilla figunt : quidenim aliud voluptas, quam monltrum 6c chimxra<br />
nam partim fbem<strong>in</strong>a,partimvipcraeft. Aut lthacMspAs-,itHt Pal<strong>in</strong>nrnseris.<br />
Q^UtESTIO VIII.<br />
De ejfe^ibus ::^Carij ^ canfajlnaU motns eJH^ , ac de<br />
COnclufio<br />
dilwviii ^ exundutionibtiS,<br />
prima. Naufea, quse navigantibuscont<strong>in</strong>gicnontamoriturex exhalatlo-<br />
nibusafcendentibuse fl<strong>in</strong>do muris,quamcxmotuirregularimaris (Sc<strong>in</strong>terna humorum<br />
concullione. Ratio pri<strong>in</strong>i cft , quia (cdens <strong>in</strong>littorc , vei fcopulo non patitur<br />
naufeam, licOt adipfum<strong>per</strong>veniant exhalationes: lccundo, (imilem nauleam fentiuntmuU<br />
d eciamex motu currus, aliisquemocibus. Ratio fccundi, nam illa agitatione, dum movecureti.imvcntriculus,cibus<br />
Okhumores regurgitant ados ventriculi, acnauleam & vomitum<br />
provocant ; idto quo magis eit irregularis agicatio , eo major eft regurgitatio &: naufea.<br />
Sicutvero aqua <strong>in</strong> c\'atho , ciam movecur regularitcr, parLim regurgitat , fed cum cyathus<br />
quaflraturirrcgularitcr,aquavalderegurgitat , lic cont<strong>in</strong>git<strong>in</strong> cafli noftro. Prxferrim vero<br />
biiioli humores commoci os ventriculi exal<strong>per</strong>antes naufcam creant. Hanc tamenjejuni faciiius<br />
patiuntur,ftomachus enimquo<strong>in</strong>anior , tantoplus agitacione obnoxiuselt,quemad.<br />
modum amphoraplenam<strong>in</strong>usagicatur^quamfcmiplcna. Porro , quod non omnes fentianc<br />
naufcam , oritur ex divcrlaalfedione ftomachi , .ac\ entriculi.<br />
HuiccfFedtui annumerari poflunt fequentcs; primo: <strong>in</strong>mariedaclorcsfiuntnavigantes<br />
propter fpirituum mar<strong>in</strong>orum calorem & liccitatem. Secundocontra morfum rabidi canis<br />
ferturprxfensremedium elfeaquamar<strong>in</strong>ajlicut&adpurgandacorpora^bilemiSc (angu<strong>in</strong>em.<br />
Tertio, habet vim fegregandi,quacenus res naafnigas, &: cadavcra eruiitat ad iittus ; live hoc faciat<strong>per</strong>vimquanJam<br />
expultricem ; five<strong>per</strong> vim conc<strong>in</strong>uxagitationis, <strong>per</strong>quam naufiaga ad<br />
litcusdeducat,ibiqucdcftituat;e6quod majori impetu<strong>in</strong>lictus undaappellat, quamredeat.<br />
Quarto :re<strong>per</strong>iuncur<strong>in</strong>qL!ibusdaramaribus<strong>in</strong>tcgrxlylvxcoral<strong>in</strong>x,utrefertKircherusMund.<br />
fubt. 1.2. c.14. fe.rMercatorequodam Arabe<strong>in</strong>tellexifre,fxpe tantam fruticum coral<strong>in</strong>orum<br />
copiamcondcnlatam, utnon tantum ur<strong>in</strong>atoribus, fed &: pilcibus aditum negent; audiviflc<br />
porroapifcatoribusunacumftirpibus[Lib<strong>in</strong>deexcractafijiflcconchilia,iateres, faxa, ofla,ta-.<br />
bulasligneas,lerramcnta,omniacoralis, qux <strong>in</strong> iis excrcverunt, conferca ; qu<strong>in</strong> &; Delphi.<br />
num, excujusduro corioplanta coral<strong>in</strong>a cxcrevifTet, extractum aliquando tLiifre.<br />
Qo^iiuout <strong>in</strong> oblcuris memorum recelTibus,animal<strong>in</strong>fylveftria humana fbrma prxdlta<br />
repcriuncur, ucfuntFauni,Sacyri,Centaurialiaquelimiliamonftra, ItaOceanus fua mar<strong>in</strong>ahabetanimaliaterreftribus<br />
limilia,utfuntTritoncs,N'ereides,Sirencs,dc quibusconfuie<br />
Schotc. <strong>in</strong>Phy C cur. lib.;. &: 4. monftra vero hujusmodi f i-equcnciora dicuncur obleivari <strong>in</strong> marilndicopropelnlulasPhilipp<strong>in</strong>as,<br />
certistamen temporibus<strong>per</strong>annum. Sextbde Ipongiis<br />
cjuibusdamNorvagicimaris littorum, ctiam admiratione quid dignnmrefert P.Fournier ia<br />
Ceogr.Oib.not.iib.2.c.f.easnativis fibris frequcnter fjxis ibidcm adhxrcre, ac fcnfus apparcnciam<strong>in</strong><br />
iisdcmobfcrvari. llbi cnimavullbrem fL-nciunt,com<strong>per</strong>tumcft,easfefccon-<br />
irahere,accumdirticultateabftrahi,avul(asvero ctiam<strong>in</strong> pecris veluti cruoris quoddam veftigiumrcl<strong>in</strong>quere.<br />
Conclulio 2. 1 ugis marls agltatio ob multiplicem f<strong>in</strong>em a Deo ord<strong>in</strong>ata clt. Primo enim mo-<br />
tus hic putrela».tionem impedit, quiaputrctadliofit abextcrno calore, quem alia atquc alia<br />
acris mutatio pcr motum <strong>in</strong>ducla avercit , quod cxpcrimento difcunt ii , qui verliis Solem pro-<br />
grer
i84 <strong>Meteorologia</strong> \<br />
giedii<strong>in</strong>tur, fiquidem m<strong>in</strong>iis calent, quam qui <strong>in</strong>cidentem radium immoti excipiunt, nifi<br />
torte tamvehement<strong>in</strong>iluienmcur, utrhembrorumagitatio prsponderet, majoremque vim<br />
obc<strong>in</strong>eat ad caletaciendum { e(l enim motus caula caloris) quam adrefrigerandum habet alteratio<br />
recencis, trigidique aeris, quo ambitur corpus. Secundo, agitatio huec eft aquarum<br />
purgatio. Llt enimSenecai.^.Natur. qusfl. c.26,ait,<strong>in</strong> aquis,quibuscurruseft,nonpo(IL<strong>in</strong>t<br />
vitiaconliftercquslliavidetert&deportat. Ide6q;mare,cadavera,ftramentaqj &:limiliaex<br />
<strong>in</strong>timotrahit; nec(blumtempeitate&fluftuturbidum,ted tranquillum quoq; placidumquc<br />
purgari conilievic; videiicetnepellucidumelcmentum, quoundiqueaquarum duftu lieces<br />
conHuuntj nimium fordeicat.Pl<strong>in</strong>iuslib.i.c.gS. ait,omniamariapurgaripienilunio,qu3edam<br />
liatis diebus,<strong>in</strong>cellige poci(ITnium; etenimmariaquovisannitempore, tumalia, tumfu<strong>per</strong>-<br />
.fluitantiacorpora<strong>in</strong>littusexlpuunt. H<strong>in</strong>c quidam dixerunt,mare etTeanimanti fimile, (i-<br />
cut cnim animantia fpiritum accipiunt, Sc retrahunt, multosque hoc modo fialig<strong>in</strong>ofos halitus<br />
ejiciunt,itaquoque marefem<strong>per</strong> <strong>in</strong>fe Sc ex fe recurrens, multas putridas materias & fbetidos<br />
halitus ejicit. Tertio accedit& aliust<strong>in</strong>ishujus motus, quod Deus res multas <strong>in</strong> protundomarilatitantes,humanoufuitamen(alutares<strong>per</strong>marisrece(Tumqua(iultroobjiciathoni<strong>in</strong>ibus,ut<strong>in</strong><br />
f<strong>in</strong>u Codano lucc<strong>in</strong>um, conclias&margaritas. Quarto demum aftus mar<strong>in</strong>us<br />
<strong>per</strong>utilis e(t navigationi, ut ex<strong>per</strong>imento liquet, ciim naves ad (iibeundum portum acce^Tu<br />
marispromoveancur,ejusdemquerece(ru<strong>in</strong>altum evehi confijefcant.<br />
ConcluGo tertia, Diluviumuniver(ale,qualefuitNoeticum,naturaHteracciderenon<br />
poccft. Racio eftjquod<strong>in</strong>mari&aerenonfit tantumaqux, utpofl<strong>in</strong>ttegere etiam fummos<br />
montes Nec etiam congruebat,utnatur£Eau6l:or Deus, ficcaulasphyficas componeret, ut<br />
i<strong>in</strong>iverii ord<strong>in</strong>em <strong>per</strong> fe <strong>in</strong>vertere, & totam terram, quam hom<strong>in</strong>i <strong>in</strong>colendam dedit , obruere<br />
aliquando po^Tent. Ideoque Deus fublunaris mundi diuturnitati confulens, eum con-<br />
trariis cal ido & f rigido ; ficco & humido attem<strong>per</strong>avit , ut unumquodq;alterius fibi adverfarii<br />
licentiam cohiberec.<br />
Quaeres : quo (e abdideric immenfa illa aquarum vis , qu£E diluvii tempore fijpra editiffimorummontiumcacum<strong>in</strong>a<br />
qu<strong>in</strong>decimcubitos excrevit, Re(pondeo,credibiIee(repartim<br />
fe <strong>in</strong> lubterraneos (pecus conglobalie, partim <strong>in</strong> vapores & aerem abiilfe efficaciori div<strong>in</strong>x<br />
Virtutis concurdi.<br />
Conciufio quarta. Diluviaparticularia, feuuniuslociacprov<strong>in</strong>ciaenaturaliterpofTunt<br />
accidere & quidem hac de caula , quod vapores , qui deberent multis <strong>in</strong> locis dif<strong>per</strong>gi a ventis<br />
velaliiscaufiscongregentur<strong>in</strong>unumlocum,&ibire(blvantur <strong>in</strong> pluvias magnas, & diuturnas,<br />
qux prov<strong>in</strong>ciam <strong>in</strong>undent. Carterum tamen fi diluvia & <strong>in</strong>undationes nimis magns<br />
funcea ex<strong>in</strong>timisterrjeviiceribus, atqueabiisaquis, quaEubertim<strong>per</strong>icaturig<strong>in</strong>esfontium<br />
acflum<strong>in</strong>um elfunduntur, ortumtrahere,mihivaIdeprobabilevidetur. llnde ad hanc uberrimameftufionem<br />
proliciendam,<strong>in</strong>gentesplerumque <strong>in</strong> mari commotiones, ventorum<br />
turb<strong>in</strong>es,a;ftus&tempeftates<strong>in</strong>folentesplurimum atferre, atque (em<strong>per</strong> fere prjecedere (blent;<br />
dumenimaquasmar<strong>in</strong>asviolentoimpetu<strong>in</strong>fijbteraneos meatus protrudunt,atqueita<br />
nimium opplentur,rurfus tandem concepcasaquas <strong>per</strong> abditasScaturig<strong>in</strong>es effundere,& <strong>in</strong>undationesflum<strong>in</strong>um<br />
producere debent.<br />
Quancs; quxnam diluviorum &<strong>in</strong>undacionumfigna f<strong>in</strong>tprognofticaJRe^.primum eft,<br />
arefccntia&ficcitashumidorum corporum <strong>in</strong>fueta,(ignificatur enim vapores humidos elevatos<br />
elle & cont<strong>in</strong>u6elevari,donec abfcedentecalore condenfentur,& <strong>in</strong> pluvias tranfe-<br />
ant. Secundum eft, fi accedat etiam fbntium&flum<strong>in</strong>um exficcatio & de<strong>per</strong>ditio , vel i-<br />
pfius etiam maris vel ex parte, aut ex toto notabilis dim<strong>in</strong>utio ;declaravit enim Ariftoteles,<br />
marianovafieriexreliquismagnorum diluviorum,arefcere vero<strong>per</strong> regenerationem novorum<br />
diluvjorum. Tertium,fi<strong>in</strong> ^eftate appareant frequenter jacula,trabes,dolia &cometa?,iiqueniajores.<br />
iLipoft<strong>in</strong>gentemcometam vifumanno exeunte 1680. <strong>in</strong>eunte 168J. ufq;<br />
ad f. Februarii ; fubfecuta de<strong>in</strong>deanno fequenci i682.<strong>in</strong>Januario maxima <strong>in</strong>undatio variis <strong>in</strong> !<br />
Regionibus Europseis. Quartum, fi e ccelo, vel terra <strong>in</strong>folitae <strong>per</strong>cipiantur voces & murmura<br />
<strong>in</strong>fueta, veluti mugitus boum, quae vaporum copiofius afcendentium & elevatoium figns<br />
funt. Qi^<strong>in</strong>tumnovorum<strong>in</strong>luecorumanimalium, qusealias <strong>in</strong>lylvis aut terris, aut <strong>in</strong> aquis<br />
degerefolent,turmatim egredientium, & viftum qucerentium <strong>in</strong>folita apparitio. Denique<br />
folenttempeft3tes,turb<strong>in</strong>es,&fpiritusprocellarum <strong>in</strong> mari, <strong>in</strong>undationes& diluvia pnece-<br />
dere, fit enim ex his vehementibus commotionibus , ut fubterranea Hydrophylacia tanta aquarumrepleanturabundantia,<br />
utdterrce vifceribus <strong>in</strong> flum<strong>in</strong>a<strong>in</strong>tumelcentia erumpant.<br />
Et hcEC nobis circa conftitutionem maris dicenda efte vifa funt , <strong>in</strong> cujus magna parte tu-<br />
tius fueritad occultas naturce caulas confugere & comunem Philofbphorum ignorantiam fa-<br />
teri, exclamando cumEcclefiaftico : mirabilia o<strong>per</strong>aAltifrimi,gloriofa& ablconla.<br />
CON-
UTi<br />
Philofophico-Politica.<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Jufto bello animus non dejiciendus.<br />
H'j':'r .'.-s- X.3^ir~iZJi de'^Ltnr^<br />
alea/itacaurabelli fep^ dubia eft , & colotata. Ambltiofubtiliter <strong>in</strong>gredlensbetlandi<br />
jura puvpurat , &: honellatis obducic cocco , ftudia regnandi folius regni amore odiofa<br />
func& turpia : &: Martiustf///" hnor folu*n bellandiamore efferus eft & barbarus. Ju*<br />
ftitia- fideique propaganda: gratia chalybem acuere , & <strong>in</strong> Bellonic arena dcfudarc oportet^<br />
Keque enim Iblius navigationis caufafludus fcri marispetimus, ied littus ut teneamus,«<br />
nollra <strong>in</strong> exteros portus commercia transvehamus. Quis enim honeftatistitiilus, delicia-<br />
ri<strong>in</strong>aiieno fangu<strong>in</strong>e&purpura hom<strong>in</strong>isenfem p<strong>in</strong>gereybellu<strong>in</strong>umhoceft,&:cumeIephan.<br />
tis ex cruore corbellicolijm alfumere. Ultionis autfuroristitulusignobiliseftbelHcaufa. A«<br />
lienum eftopus aPoiicico nulla aut<strong>in</strong>jufta cau(a belligerare: SolaPaxbcllihnis eft. Nonpr3<br />
ofteniienda aliena republ. fed pro propria defendenda gladius geritur ; & folum pugnatur cru-<br />
ente, quianonpotedv<strong>in</strong>ci <strong>in</strong>cruente. Impius eft enfis,qui<strong>in</strong>juriam <strong>in</strong>fert: verum illatam<br />
tcno propulfare ferum non eft , fi olea non poteft. Qui cnim procellas fecando altum pelic,<br />
contemnendus non eft, fi malacia uti nondatur. Pudcndumxqueac<strong>per</strong>iculofumeft,<br />
temcrcac turpiter bellicasexcitare tempeftates, mare,tcrramqueprxiiis mifcere,&: <strong>in</strong> ho-^j^,^^^ ^<br />
ftili fangu<strong>in</strong>e lafcivire, AlicnifHmumab<strong>in</strong>juftisbellisAuguftum fuifTefcimus, qui (Sc<strong>in</strong>Mar- ^^^<br />
tis ultorisxde barbaros Pi<strong>in</strong>cipesjurare coegeric , fe <strong>in</strong> pace ac Hde manfuros, Mttlt! belldft-<br />
^.^ ^^ ^^<br />
fe
i86<br />
Mcteorologia<br />
nonterreaturteireusanimus,loricupeclus<strong>in</strong>du3t,contratorrcntemeat. Tandemhonacaufa<br />
triumphat. Innatatalcifnmisfluftibusarca,proceilaprocell:imauget,ipnimontiumcacum<strong>in</strong>a<br />
diluvio<strong>in</strong>volvuntur^univerfohom<strong>in</strong>umgre^emarisfaucibusabforpto : UlLcfa fu<strong>per</strong>nacat arca<br />
, altum mare dum fulcat, exalcatur. SHrgit.) fHrqemibns mdis, Si pleno diluvio tuas hoftis<br />
terras <strong>in</strong>nundet, animo nondiffluas: jufticiabelliflabis<strong>in</strong>concuflus. S<strong>in</strong>iftricafus<strong>in</strong>altum<br />
te <strong>per</strong>iculum conjiciant , exercitus partem diripiant ,reipubl. navi exterm<strong>in</strong>ium m<strong>in</strong>entur:<br />
mentem erige , vultum ferena > lucratus es caulam, quia cenes jura bellandi: wHrmi <strong>in</strong>genii<br />
££c/ipJ,4:e(l^te{ic¥-gei\}[)pOi/iim»jerel diffidere alii^no lapfa ; cum exiguis morrtentis <strong>in</strong>cUnentHr omnia. , qng,<br />
C.2. <strong>in</strong> hellogcrnntnr. SsepetotiusAfricseMauricontraFerd<strong>in</strong>andumtertium CaftelHRegemtransfiretarunt,<br />
at Decumanos hos fludus victorfregit,ampliHimumquePr<strong>in</strong>cipatum Alphonfo<br />
decimoFilio fuo, amarimediterraneousqueadOceanumreliquit. lltaher Alexandertam<br />
^^fr/««gIoriofus<strong>in</strong>prceIiis, utcum nullo hofte congreftus, cujusnonviclor. Nullam urbem obfe-<br />
P
Philofophico-Politica. 187<br />
Condufio recunda. Flum<strong>in</strong>a m<strong>in</strong>ora , uti
l88<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
Conclufio fexta. Perennium fontium t fluviorumque praefertim majorum origlnem S<br />
mari ei\e. Nititur litec allcrtio hifce potiffimum argumentis. Primo, quia <strong>in</strong>credibilc o.<br />
mn<strong>in</strong>o videtur , ut <strong>in</strong> priori Conclufione <strong>in</strong>f<strong>in</strong>uatum , tantum aqua: ex vaporibus & aere <strong>in</strong> ter.<br />
IX f<strong>in</strong>u generari , aut ex deciduis imbribus profluere, ut ad tam magnum fbntaniE &: fluvialisaqux<br />
dekuxum, &:adtot(caturig<strong>in</strong>esreplcndasfijfficiat. Secundo,quiaaiioqu<strong>in</strong>nullaaffig.<br />
naretur caufa fiifficiens , cur ex <strong>per</strong>petuo fluviorum accefiu mare non redundaret. Qupmodo<br />
v.g.tammultiamnesexPerfide,exTattaria &:Morcoviadecurrant<strong>in</strong>mareCarpium: ac<br />
maxime/^»/^^ fluvius , qui ut fi:ribitP Fornarius <strong>in</strong> Hydrograpliia, (eptuag<strong>in</strong>ta duobus oftiis<br />
<strong>in</strong>ip(ummareCafpium devolvitur,nectamen appareat ullum <strong>in</strong>de acci<strong>per</strong>c <strong>in</strong>crementura,<br />
Idemque<strong>in</strong>mediterraneo, &<strong>in</strong>Oceano <strong>per</strong> proportionem videmusconc<strong>in</strong>geire. Quarene-<br />
cefie eft, <strong>per</strong> meatus fijbterraneos diffluere vim illam aquarum , qua; pepetua veluti circulationeredeatadealoca,<strong>in</strong>quibusvulgodeprchendunturfluviorum<br />
aciontium fcaturig<strong>in</strong>es. Ad-<br />
de , quod quatuor illa paradifi flum<strong>in</strong>a non potuer<strong>in</strong>t ex vaporibus , aut ex pl uviis gigni, quia eru<strong>per</strong>untfiibito<br />
adim<strong>per</strong>iumDei;nequeullacommodiorvia fuppetit ad explicandamflum<strong>in</strong>umorie<strong>in</strong>em,quamfidicamus,<strong>per</strong>fbfiase(reaDEOcanales<strong>in</strong>tcrradietertia,<strong>per</strong>quosaqua<br />
derivetut" i mari ad ora flum<strong>in</strong>um. Quod ipfum & div<strong>in</strong>s littera c^p. Eccl. ;. non obfcure do-<br />
centillis verbis; omnlajltim<strong>in</strong>a <strong>in</strong>trant<strong>in</strong>mare-) &marenon redmdat ; ad locnm-^ mde exenm fiumi- .-<br />
m,revertmtur, 'ititerumflnmt. ^<br />
Opponestamencontraprimo. Aquafontium&fluviorum dulcis efl, cum tatnen ex<br />
mari non promanet ulla nifi (alfa , unde ex mari non derivatur. Refpondeo , ideo aquam flum<strong>in</strong>isdulcem<br />
efre,quamvisemariderivetur,quia<strong>per</strong> terrae venas&hbras, <strong>per</strong>queanfradus<br />
mukipiicesverberata & eliquata transcolatur,& amaritud<strong>in</strong>em deponit. Cui rei non parum<br />
etiam contertvis ignium fubterraneorum, nam horum beneficio attenuantur , exlpirantque<br />
lalis fpiritus illiadmixti. Sicut, fi <strong>in</strong> alembico caloremoderato difliilletur aqua ma-<br />
ris,evaditdulcis.<br />
Opponesfecundo,qu6dhocmodononvideatur,quarationeaqu3fuopte<strong>in</strong>geniogravis<br />
poffit afcendere e mari <strong>in</strong> aldffimos montes , e quibus tani multa flum<strong>in</strong>a erumpunt. Rclpon-<br />
deo, caufam hujus afcenfus pofie efle primo ignes fubterraneos,quibus aqua vaporatur fiirlum<br />
adterraefupcrficiem,<strong>per</strong>cujusnaturaletiigusadden(:ita,iterum <strong>in</strong> terram redit, ficut videmus<br />
<strong>in</strong>alembicis. Undefoepeaquilegesfupracaplta fondum niliil iuveniuntnifirofcidosla-<br />
pides,&terramhumecf:atara. H<strong>in</strong>cfignumedam venx latendseft,fimanevaporemtenU"<br />
em e terra fublatumvideas,uttraditVitruviuslib.8.c.i. EtheEcetiampoteritefl^eratio,,cur<br />
hibernotemporeabundantioresf<strong>in</strong>taqua: tbntium, quia fcilicetplures<strong>in</strong> terra; vifceribus <strong>in</strong>cluduntur(piritus,aquibusvaporaripotlitaqua.<br />
Hanc obcaufam igitur abundare montes<br />
folentfontibus, quiaignesplerumquehabentfuppofitos. Secundo,cau(a e(fepoteft,qLiod<br />
aquaexmari<strong>in</strong>canalesfijbterraneosprofu(a,tanto pondere <strong>in</strong>cumbentis ipiius maris urgea-<br />
tur,ut ccgaturetTerri fiirilim.<br />
Ncquedicas,fu<strong>per</strong>ioremaquamnonpremere contra<strong>in</strong>feriorem,n3m dico,verum e(re<br />
illud, ubi <strong>in</strong>fcrior eandem habet gravitatem cum fu<strong>per</strong>iori. Quia autem exmari efFunditur<strong>per</strong><br />
tradtus (ubcerraneos,ob variam illam .^gitadonem &reverberationcm , dum o.b caloris (ubter-<br />
^ranei admixtionem,dequomodoajel)3mus-,attenuatur, efficiturquelevior. Etverodubium<br />
non eft , qu<strong>in</strong> aqua dulcis levior (jt , quam (al(a.<br />
Tercia cau(a eiie poteft terra; ficcitas , qu'.v aquam fugit <strong>in</strong>ftar fpongia: Sc em<strong>in</strong>entioribus<br />
Iocisreddit,(icutcont<strong>in</strong>gerevidemus<strong>in</strong>pannis&:pane. Aliidemunietiamvicoeleftiumcorporum<br />
furfum attrahi aquam cenienr.<br />
Opponestertio. Siflui-n<strong>in</strong>a&fbntesex.mariortumducunt,nunquam deberent deficere,autexficcari,quodtamen<br />
(Lepe condngit. Refpondeo,verum illudefie,maximc deiis<br />
fondbusquioriunturex acrevapido,d:aquispluvialibus. Qu.anquam & fluvii,qui ex marii<br />
promanant, poff<strong>in</strong>t <strong>in</strong>terdum deficere, li collabentibus terris, canales eorum obftiuantur.l<br />
Pra'terea fierihocpoteft obnovamfylvae,arborumqueprocrcadonem,quiaha;ulig<strong>in</strong>em terra',&aquamfibi<strong>in</strong><br />
alimentumadvocant. Pariter novageneradoalicujus lacus iubterranei<br />
caufaeflrepotcfl:,^ quo aqua<strong>in</strong>terrxfu<strong>per</strong>ficiem dcrivatur. His additAriftoteles racionem,<br />
quod terra: parces <strong>in</strong>teriores,quemadmodum animancium d: plantarum corpora fenedlam habeant<br />
& (icciores evadant, ideoque neceflkio fonces evaneicere. Ita <strong>in</strong> Arcadia fontcs & fluviosaruifiTe,<br />
Ihecphraflcs nocavit. Aqua pariter fluxit, ubi nunc Graecia habitatur.<br />
Exquo&illudcoUiges, quomodolie<strong>per</strong>epenteflum<strong>in</strong>acrumpancfienim (ylvx exftic'.<br />
pentur,aquafylvarum nutrix ablatis arbonbus otiofa , <strong>in</strong> fluv<strong>in</strong>m fe efFundir. _ Sicfecit alU<br />
quandoaquarum <strong>in</strong>opsHxmus, fed cumGallorum gensaCafisndro ob(efla,<strong>in</strong> illum (edes<br />
Iiaastranstuiifict,acfylvascecidifi:et, <strong>in</strong>gens aquarun^ copia .apparuic, quam videJicet <strong>in</strong> ali.;<br />
<strong>in</strong>cntum flium prius nemora trahebant, ,<br />
CON-<br />
I
Philolophico-Politica. 139<br />
CONCLUSIO POLITICA.<br />
Obfcuri natales ddiis illiiflrandi.<br />
y^^^^ri^a ^i^irtci/<br />
FLnmhama^iiAvidcs^M-visdc fuiit-husorta. Qvid. Accedenobiii(lTmifluviorumDanubiHn- q^-^ i .<br />
cunabula,levipederr.<strong>in</strong>sva(!;ibis. Tamvaflis augmcntis ab occidentc ad orientem de- rcmtj<br />
currit,utrcxai;<strong>in</strong>ta(ScampIiu>.rium<strong>in</strong>um nibutario accctTu velutmareadaudus, <strong>in</strong>mare<br />
Eux<strong>in</strong>um fe prcecipitet. Et haud lecundi ab Klro Bum<strong>in</strong>is Rheni pr<strong>in</strong>cipia (i <strong>in</strong>dages , ad<br />
tenucm ovtum vel<strong>in</strong>tjntescoiludunt. In talcm HuviorumGigantem excreicit , utvolantium<br />
n.avium vclis rcmisi]ue (e fubrtcTnai, nonniii vadillimo mari cedat, ab Oceanoabforptus.<br />
Adeo utvera(iteloquent<strong>in</strong>Tmi virorum (ententia : Omnium rerum pr<strong>in</strong>cipia parvafant ifedfuis q. ,<br />
frogrtlfioKibns uju Au^tntHr. Maxim.irummolesarborumexiguo (cm<strong>in</strong>e na(cuntur. Nonne V/ *<br />
fieJcJa fo'cnt <strong>in</strong>cendia famere vires: Horat. Nonne Ifla , cju.<strong>in</strong>tumvis exigua <strong>in</strong> majas excedunt? tt t<br />
Qujmvis levia morborum <strong>in</strong>itia ftrpunt ) CT ttara corpora m<strong>in</strong>ima <strong>in</strong>terdum mergit acctjfio^i Scne- " *<br />
Ca. Me vero non clam e(i , max''morum Jipe bellorum tcnuijfima pr<strong>in</strong>cipia , centemptijjifnaq^ f'*'jT^' c<br />
Perjicum ex Meandri y,amii cnm ^ihcnie^fbus dijfidio fuiffe crtum pcrhihent. Pcloponneftcum pro- ' '*<br />
pter Mergarenjium tahll.tnt. iE!i:;niis. Llt malorum , (ic bonorum paituum <strong>in</strong>itia tenuia^^!^ ,<br />
funt, (ed progreflli uugcntur. \'irgula a (lipite reci(a par rit matri arbori : umbrasque terris , ^<br />
reddit '^ & caelo nemus. Seneca. Longiflimi *<br />
ftemmatisgencthliacamrbores tenui radice exur- ^<br />
'<br />
gunt. Non contcmncndi funt nutalcs tenucs : qualis quis e(t : non u qualibus , attenden- c''dum.<br />
Ncm<strong>in</strong>i hactcnus viluit aurum, licct oblcurisnatalibuscterra'vi(ccribusa-utum, Et^'^' V<br />
tanto funt <strong>in</strong> pretio magis gcmmci partus , quando rarius , quod ;\ rudi ac impolira gcnitrice e- ' •<br />
ducentur. Non te dejiciat , Policice, cunabulorum ignobilitas ; tetuo adde, te <strong>per</strong>tice;<br />
nam &Heroum (iatu-.E acque colodi abjedtos /;w^j/«,Tcrram fortiuntui. Vanum eft praecer avici<br />
Aa ikxi-<br />
'
[90<br />
Metcorologia<br />
^rilict l latigu<strong>in</strong>is fyllabum numerare n\\v\\ Nobiles iidemum videntm cffe^ <strong>in</strong> cjuibu! majorum virtm <strong>in</strong>efi.<br />
Pelit.s<br />
r/!Q."'od naturanegavit, imicando aliequere: & qucm rudi e l<strong>in</strong>ea ortumtraxifti, coloresno-<br />
*biliumadapta,exeorumla(3:istep<strong>in</strong>ge. Qu£e lausfatuorum ignium, quod fereniflimamSo-<br />
lis majeftatem patrem habeant , quando ipH tenues IL<strong>in</strong>t fc<strong>in</strong>tilla: <strong>in</strong>ter tenebras evanidae^<br />
Gloriofius magislucem e tenebris eruere : quamluce ortumleipfum turpibustencbrisfepe-<br />
Stob.ferm.WxQ. Nec\m frumentum optimumjudicandnmi dlcehntSocYateS', ijitod<strong>in</strong>pulcherrimoagronatumeflt<br />
t4, fed<br />
cjtiod commode nutrit : ne(]ue vir honHS , cjui genere claras^fid cjui morihus egregiis fuerit. Sspd<br />
ex hortorum florilegio fp<strong>in</strong>a; & urticxpullulant : atad aratrum & ftivam educati Abdolonimi<br />
&Bambic lccptro rotando feaptant. Ifte adRegnum Hifpanix moderandum afTumptus,<br />
fua virtuteMaurosHilpanict littoracum ducentis navibus <strong>in</strong>greflbs fudit , clafTemque fuc-<br />
cendit. liie cx liibuibani hoi ti cultura ab Alexandro Magno Sydoniis pr&ledus Rex,tum ju-<br />
£^«^'./.fti, tumfapientisPr<strong>in</strong>cipisnomen tenuit : dicente caufam fucepromotionis Alexandro : Ne<br />
*» cjuisfortc cxfflimet^ me non vtrtiiti^ fed generi regnum trihuijje. E Terra , ignobili matre , flotum<br />
^rift. /./.reg<strong>in</strong>a pvodit rofa, orig<strong>in</strong>is vilitatempulchritud<strong>in</strong>edomeftica compenfans. Quod i» pr<strong>in</strong>cideccelu.<br />
piothodicum f/?, <strong>in</strong> f<strong>in</strong>e ft <strong>per</strong>cju^m magnum. Degenerefi columba es natus, tu marte proprio<br />
'<br />
e.iS, ^d Solem evola. Utnonomnes matre aquilanata'Solem ferunt, fed multae rupibus allifae<br />
degeneris naturae pxnasluunt: Itamult<strong>in</strong>ataiium characlereignobilesaquilamrexerunt,fu-<br />
c3eterorumvertices,im<strong>per</strong>io<strong>in</strong>fignes. S.P. Q^R.CajumMariumgenere ignobilem belli<br />
fira<br />
m<strong>per</strong>atorem contrajugurtham elegit,adverfariisreponentem : Contcmfsunt novitatem «Kam,<br />
^'flit*!'. "i ggo illorum i^iaviatff. Adihifortuna ^ aliis probra objeHantur. Quamquam ego naturam unam (tr<br />
JitgHrt, communem omnium exiftimo effe ., fed fortijjimnm qmmcjue generofijfimum. Stagnantes lacunaeOlympodepluo,<br />
autmaris eluvionatK confluxerunt <strong>in</strong>valles. NumideoglorioftEfunt,cum<br />
turpimarcefcentesotio, nataliumceKitud<strong>in</strong>emputred<strong>in</strong>e commaeulant? obfcurus qui natus<br />
eft,<strong>in</strong>lucemfiproprio volatu emergat, Solis filius eft. Aureus fis , licet plumbeis parenti-<br />
Annaks bus natus. CarotusCsfarParifienlesfcholas <strong>in</strong>greftlis, pau<strong>per</strong>es ftudio <strong>in</strong>fignes dignitati-<br />
Varifiof. bus ornavit, nobilibusdefidibus rejedlis. Sigismundus Imp. a MagnatibusreprehenlLis,Qb-<br />
Spieg. <strong>in</strong> fcurieneris pullos, obvirtutem&litterasquod elevet : Qiiidni amem eos^ rcpof-tit., e^uos natuj£n.<br />
Sylv. ra cceteris antecellere voluiti Non tu parentibus & patrije probro es , fi , ciitfi illi mali f uer<strong>in</strong>t &<br />
Tac.l. i. ignobileSjtu bonusfis. Dedecuseftpatns,patri£eque, quifolagloriaturiangu<strong>in</strong>isclaritate,<br />
annal. ipfe faftis obfcurus. Agrippam ignobilem Auguflus sftimavit, quia virtutibus nobilem.<br />
Ji.iEl.1.2. Tull.HoftiliumRomanuspopuluse tugurio evexit adThronum,quia meritis bonurn. Sic<br />
rer.HiJp, nihilnonparvum fieripoteftmagnum. RomanumIm<strong>per</strong>ium,^«o^///»^/V <strong>in</strong> omnes im<strong>per</strong>ium,<br />
SUttdian.primia^ dedit cunabuLi juris ., difpcrfit cftm Sole manu^ : Qu^os natales numerat? F<strong>in</strong>ibHs exi^nis , par<br />
' umoleo<br />
vaj^Afedtprefeiia,<br />
EGimus<br />
Claudianus.<br />
QU^STIO II.<br />
De ohfer^vationibus hydrogrwmicisfontium, eorumque<br />
'venis ^ fcaturig<strong>in</strong>e.<br />
deortufontium; nunc qua;damcirca eorum<strong>in</strong>dica, venas
Philofophico-Politica. 191<br />
Pneter cniimerataaVitruvio<strong>in</strong>dicium labentisaquxetiam eflepotcfl:,prim6 fi virentium<br />
hcrbai iim 6i arborum copia locum veltiat. Qiio argumento cxflat cpifl.ola Thcodorici<br />
primiOflrogothorumRegisapudCafl^odorumvar.lib. ^.c.yi. cx qua iflha-c vcrba cxccrpta:<br />
Terris^cjnihus dulcis hnmor non longe jnbefi > uhaUis cjuorundam germ<strong>in</strong>uT» fimfcr arridet., ut efljt<strong>in</strong>cus<br />
aquatilis^ awnA tevi*-) rubus validus jalix knta-, fofulusvircns ti^reliqua arborum genera •, , quA lamen<br />
ttln^a fi.ituram fitam feliciproceritate luxuriant.<br />
Secundo. llbievagantiumranarumagmen terramobfidet. ImoPI<strong>in</strong>iusetiam exiisdem<br />
animalculislatentemaquamdeprehcnderedocet,firanal'u<strong>per</strong>ventrem»Scpcclus diujacensobfervetur.<br />
Tertio. Colligi exterrcequalitnte&natura; <strong>in</strong>argillofanempe dulcis; <strong>in</strong> topho frigida<br />
re<strong>per</strong>itur. Glarea <strong>in</strong>certas, lcdboniodoris aquas (pondet; (abulumexarena carbunculolacertas,<br />
flabiics
VirgH.U,<br />
iKprecem.<br />
192<br />
<strong>Meteorologia</strong><br />
fariiviribus, ac copiis , locorum fitu & <strong>in</strong>geniopotelt judicare.<br />
roflh excelluic<br />
W-2Xadcrr<br />
:<br />
Hic Fridericus ilie Barbii-<br />
Ardttafoliclto hjlrabatmceniagrejju.,<br />
SpeMatmuros^Jpedabat roboravalliy \<br />
Qu£q; locum vajto c<strong>in</strong>gebant aggerefojfas y<br />
(^£q\viam c£ptis facilem fortmia parare,<br />
Tuta videbatur, curd ftudioq\ fagaci<br />
Acriter <strong>in</strong>tendens , oculis ^ mente notabat.<br />
Surgant contra te hollilesexercitus, mach<strong>in</strong>cntur ferrcos imbres: tu aureis armisob-<br />
via ,<strong>in</strong>imicas <strong>in</strong>fidias prsvola fcientiaexcipe: validius,certiusquevmcuntargente£e,quam<br />
ferrece hall£E,maeniMacedoniseftmonitum. Auream fementem Iparge , at meflem feras<br />
vidloriam contrrhoftem, ejus arcana confiHa <strong>in</strong>vertendo. Nihil m Im<strong>per</strong>atore belh laudabilius,quam<br />
hoftis fuideliberationes prsnofcere. Ingennaciemhictoram<strong>in</strong>tendifle vi-<br />
detur IuliusC£EfarumParens( &:velmaximeArioviftusfenfit)hoftis <strong>in</strong>tentum <strong>in</strong>dagare , at<br />
non f<strong>in</strong>e num<strong>in</strong>epecunia. Explora, quid adverfarius conclufent, arcanis decretis mtendc!<br />
Trfc/V./.v.muneribus tibi viam pandes ; nam : Pr£mio cmlia funt <strong>per</strong>via.<br />
--^' C^UiESTIO 111.<br />
Satisjpr 'variis adhuc aUts ^nccfitis defontium ^<br />
Q'<br />
ilum<strong>in</strong>um ajfe^iomhus.<br />
tlxres I. Unde oriatur diverlitas iaporum , & medica virtus variorum fontiura? Re-"<br />
fpondco , quod primo oriri pollit ex eo , quod terra , ex qua oievantur vapores ,<br />
fit<br />
^<br />
m<strong>in</strong>e-
Philoropliico-Politica. 193<br />
m<strong>in</strong>eralis, ac pro<s