26.04.2013 Views

CD AB = BA AB - Matematica pe Net

CD AB = BA AB - Matematica pe Net

CD AB = BA AB - Matematica pe Net

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

• Aplicand proprietatea centrului de greutate punctului O, avem:<br />

3 3<br />

2<br />

⋅ OG = OA + OB + OC = 3⋅<br />

( OH + HG)<br />

= 3⋅<br />

( OH − OH ) = OH (relatia lui Sylvester);<br />

• Daca notam O1 mijlocul segmentului OH atunci OA + OB + OC = 2OO1<br />

(relatial lui Euler);<br />

Metode in rezolvarea problemelor de paralelism:<br />

1) Daca dreptele <strong>AB</strong> si <strong>CD</strong> sunt paralele atunci exista a ∈ R * astfel incat <strong>AB</strong> = a ⋅<strong>CD</strong><br />

; reciproc concluzia este sau <strong>AB</strong> || <strong>CD</strong>, sau<br />

A,B,C,D coliniare;<br />

2) Daca exista a, b ∈ R * astfel incat a ⋅ <strong>AB</strong> + b ⋅<strong>CD</strong><br />

= 0 , atunci <strong>AB</strong> ||<strong>CD</strong> sau A,B,C,D coliniare;<br />

3) Daca u = a ⋅i<br />

+ b ⋅ j;<br />

v = a'⋅i<br />

+ b'⋅<br />

j , atunci u, v au aceeasi directie daca si numai daca coordonatele sunt proportionale,<br />

b<br />

a'<br />

b'<br />

a = .<br />

4) u, v au aceasi directie daca si numai daca u + v = u + v .<br />

Metode in rezolvarea problemelor de colinaritate:<br />

1) A, B, C sunt coliniare daca si numai daca exista R *<br />

<strong>AB</strong><br />

dreapta); conditia se poate exprima si prin raportul = a ;<br />

AC<br />

a ∈ astfel incat <strong>AB</strong> a ⋅ AC<br />

2) A, B, C sunt coliniare daca si numai daca exista a, b ∈ R * astfel incat a ⋅ <strong>AB</strong> + b ⋅ AC = 0 ;<br />

= (relatia furnizand si pozitiia punctelor <strong>pe</strong><br />

3) Daca in sistemul ( O, i,<br />

j)<br />

avem A(<br />

x A,<br />

y A ), B(<br />

xB<br />

, yB<br />

), C(<br />

xC<br />

, yC<br />

) , atunci A, B, C coliniare daca<br />

4) Intr-un re<strong>pe</strong>r fixat , A, B, C coliniare daca si numai daca relatia a r + b ⋅ r + c ⋅ r = 0 implica a+b+c=0;<br />

⋅ A B C<br />

5) A, B, C coliniare daca si numai daca oricare ar fi puncul O, avem ca relatia a ⋅OA + b ⋅OB<br />

+ c ⋅OC<br />

= 0 implica a+b+c=0.<br />

Conditia ca trei vectori sa formeze un triunghi.<br />

u v,<br />

w<br />

, corespund vectorilor laturi ale unui triunghi daca u ± v ± w = 0 si suma oricaror doua module este mai mare decat al treilea.<br />

Conditia ca patru puncte sa formeze un paralelogram (degenerat).<br />

• Patrulaterul (degenerat) <strong>AB</strong><strong>CD</strong> este paralelogram (degenerat) daca si numai daca <strong>AB</strong> = DC ;<br />

• Segmentele <strong>AB</strong>, <strong>CD</strong> pot fi laturi opuse intr-un paralelogram (degenerat) daca si numai daca <strong>AB</strong> = ± <strong>CD</strong> , conditie ce se poate<br />

evidentia si astfel: <strong>AB</strong> + <strong>CD</strong> = 0 sau <strong>AB</strong> − <strong>CD</strong> = 0 ;<br />

Conditia ca patru punct sa formeze un tra<strong>pe</strong>z (degenerat).<br />

• Patrulaterul <strong>AB</strong><strong>CD</strong> este un tra<strong>pe</strong>z (degenerat) daca si numai daca exista a ∈ R * \{ 1)<br />

astfel incat <strong>AB</strong> = a ⋅ DC sau<br />

AD = a ⋅ BC .<br />

• Patrulaterul <strong>AB</strong><strong>CD</strong> este un tra<strong>pe</strong>z (degenerat) daca si numai daca exista a, b ∈ R+<br />

*, a ≠ b astfel incat a ⋅ <strong>AB</strong> + b ⋅<strong>CD</strong><br />

= 0 sau<br />

a ⋅ AD + b ⋅CB<br />

= 0 .<br />

+<br />

x<br />

x<br />

B<br />

C<br />

− x<br />

− x<br />

A<br />

A<br />

y<br />

=<br />

y<br />

B<br />

C<br />

− y<br />

− y<br />

A<br />

A<br />

;

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!