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This is the story of <strong>RH</strong><br />

1977–2017<br />

<strong>RH</strong>evolution<br />

A company from Småland<br />

started by one man with a vision


The story of a revolution<br />

in the working life of Swedes,<br />

and the <strong>history</strong> of a company<br />

in constant evolution<br />

revolution<br />

2


evolution<br />

3


evolution<br />

4


People from the southern Swedish province of Småland see<br />

opportunities where no one else does. The people of Småland<br />

know the importance of being frugal with resources and are<br />

happy to collaborate with those who take a similar view.<br />

With a good concept and a little collaboration, people from<br />

Småland can achieve almost anything. This is the story of<br />

<strong>RH</strong>. A company from Småland that began with one man<br />

and his vision, but that soon grew into an entire family. An<br />

extended, committed and borderless family that today includes<br />

employees, suppliers and retailers around the world.<br />

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5


evolution<br />

The years before <strong>RH</strong>, 1927–1976 ......................... 8<br />

United Sheds Ltd, 1977–1991 ............................ 12<br />

An ergonomic revolution ............................... 22<br />

<strong>RH</strong> stands for responsiveness ........................... 26<br />

Sky-high with Professor Tvedt........................... 28<br />

From Stone Age and Ergonomics to Human Factors. ....... 30<br />

Chairs for every task ................................... 33<br />

You never had to leave United Sheds Ltd hungry ........... 34<br />

A happy supplier is a good supplier ...................... 39<br />

High-service retailers .................................. 41<br />

History timeline....................................... 42<br />

evolution<br />

New generation, new markets, 1991–2007 ................ 47<br />

Jörgen Josefsson....................................... 48<br />

Olgica Pezin .......................................... 50<br />

<strong>RH</strong> and sustainability .................................. 52<br />

Berndt Axelsson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54<br />

Thomas Hofvenstam .................................. 56<br />

Jan Tore Iversen ...................................... 58<br />

Product timeline ...................................... 60<br />

Turnover ........................................... 65


evolution<br />

8


evolution<br />

revolution<br />

9


Sa du göra stola?<br />

Dä kan en la’nte leva på?<br />

You’re going to make chairs?<br />

You can’t make a living from that!<br />

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10


“My name is Rolf Holstensson. I was born on<br />

17 November 1927 on a sofa-bed in the family home.<br />

My parents were Astrid and Holsten. We lived in<br />

Tranås, in a house called Holmen. At birth, I weighed<br />

only 1.7 kg and measured 49 cm from top to toe.<br />

I was born 2 months early. At the time, becoming<br />

pregnant out of wedlock was very much frowned<br />

upon. My parents were married on 15 October and,<br />

until then, my mother tightened her corset so that it<br />

would not be apparent that she was pregnant. That<br />

was probably why I was born so early. The incubator<br />

had not yet been invented, so my first bed was a shoe<br />

box filled with cotton wadding.”<br />

“My father, Holsten, worked at the office furniture<br />

factory in Tranås. His salary was a meagre SEK 27<br />

per week. For that, he had to work a 48-hour week.”<br />

Rolf Holstensson 1927–2011<br />

“In the autumn of 1928, we moved to another address.<br />

Our new home was on the third floor at Norrgatan 5,<br />

with an outhouse and woodshed out in the yard. The<br />

apartment had two rooms and a kitchen with an<br />

iron stove for cooking and tiled stoves for heating.<br />

The only convenience was a cold water tap. There<br />

was virtually no insulation. The plate roof made it<br />

extremely hot in the summer and, in the winter, we<br />

had to keep the fires stoked all night to keep warm. I<br />

remember many mornings when the water had frozen<br />

in the sink and the windows were completely<br />

frosted over. But I was happy in that house and lived<br />

there until I was 20.”<br />

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11


The years before <strong>RH</strong> (1927–1977)<br />

“It was so cold in the mornings that you had to break<br />

the ice in the sink.” Rolf Holstensson grew up in a<br />

Sweden very different from today and he occasionally<br />

took the opportunity to remind younger colleagues<br />

at <strong>RH</strong> of this. The safe and comfortable life in a<br />

detached house in Bodafors with rolls for breakfast<br />

and pastries with Friday morning coffee would probably<br />

have been impossible to imagine just 50 years<br />

earlier. His own journey – from a Spartan tenement<br />

in Tranås, to his own successful enterprise in health<br />

and well-being – reflected a changing society. <strong>RH</strong>’s<br />

<strong>history</strong> is also the story of the emerging, modern<br />

Sweden.<br />

Contagious creativity<br />

Rolf ’s father Holsten had a lifetime of experience<br />

from the furniture workshops of Tranås – experience<br />

that would prove invaluable. From his grandfather,<br />

Josef, a mason, Rolf inherited an innovative<br />

vein. A joy in creating that Rolf passed on to his sons<br />

Peter and Lasse, and that also infected the employees<br />

of the future <strong>RH</strong>. The poorly insulated tenement<br />

where Rolf grew up would also prove to be an asset<br />

– and of great importance in the emergence of <strong>RH</strong>.<br />

The house was owned and lived in by furniture manufacturer<br />

KG Andersson, whose grandchild Tore<br />

Kågen became Rolf ’s best friend and later manager<br />

and business partner.<br />

Rolf ’s schooling was not the smoothest. It was<br />

mainly his training in languages that fell by the<br />

wayside and throughout his life, Rolf regretted his<br />

poor command of languages. But what he lacked in<br />

grammar, he made up for with action.<br />

A spell in the pelt business<br />

Rolf ’s upbringing came to be characterised by uneven<br />

and often declining economic conditions, with<br />

his father Holsten being forced to switch between<br />

different jobs – sometimes in other towns. Although<br />

his teens were spent in the shadow of World War II,<br />

Rolf kept himself fully employed, as was his inclination.<br />

Beyond his numerous extra jobs, he devoted<br />

what little free time remained to the scout movement.<br />

There was great camaraderie and Rolf enjoyed<br />

his assignment as a scout leader. It was perhaps then<br />

and there that the foundations were laid for his future<br />

leadership and what the employees still call the<br />

“<strong>RH</strong> Spirit”?<br />

It was in the pelt business that Rolf got his first job<br />

– as a furrier. He completed his apprenticeship in<br />

the spring of 1949 and got a job in Karlstad. His<br />

time in Karlstad was significant in many ways. Rolf<br />

got the chance to develop, his self-confidence grew<br />

and he dared take his own initiatives. It was also<br />

here, at a dance by Sundstatjärn Lake, that he met<br />

his future wife Anita.<br />

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12


New to office furniture<br />

In 1954, Rolf and Anita moved home to Tranås and<br />

the family grew with the birth of sons Peter and<br />

Lasse. Rolf started a new job as a travelling salesman<br />

in the fur industry – a demanding job that was not<br />

made any easier by the slipped disc he had suffered<br />

helping his brother-in-law break up rocks. He was<br />

signed off work for a whole autumn. He was unable<br />

to sit, had difficulty walking, was confined to hospital<br />

and bore a cast. It took him many months to get<br />

better. Sitting driving long distances on sales trips<br />

was torture. More than anyone, Rolf Holstensson<br />

knew how it feels to sit in a chair with back pain.<br />

In the autumn of 1961, Rolf began to tire, both of<br />

being on the road and of the fur business. He confided<br />

in his childhood friend Tore, by then President<br />

of furniture manufacturer Kågen AB. It turned<br />

out that Tore was establishing a new sales office in<br />

Malmö. A little nervously, Rolf accepted the assignment.<br />

“I knew nothing about office furniture, and<br />

nothing about Malmö.” His father, Holsten, stepped<br />

up, teaching Rolf everything he knew about furniture<br />

and furniture making. In 1962, the Holstensson<br />

family moved to Malmö.<br />

The road to Bodafors<br />

Ten eventful years ensued. The collaboration<br />

between Rolf and Tore progressed well, the company<br />

flourished and Rolf enjoyed designing new products.<br />

Some of them were manufactured with Tore’s<br />

help. In 1968, however, Tore died unexpectedly and<br />

the company gained new management. The climate<br />

changed, the collaboration no longer worked as<br />

smoothly and came to a definitive end when Rolf ’s<br />

concept for a new, innovative range of office furniture<br />

was rejected. Rolf resigned and started his own<br />

company together with colleagues CG Figge and<br />

Claes Göran Idegård. The latter had just acquired a<br />

bankrupt factory in Bodafors, known better as Aski.<br />

The trio ran Aski successfully until 1975 when the<br />

company went bankrupt – on the day that Rolf and<br />

Anita had moved into their new house in Bodafors.<br />

Parts of the business were sold to Dux, which also<br />

had a factory in Bodafors (and later chose to rename<br />

its former Aski operations as Morgana). Rolf<br />

secured a new job at Dux. His employment contract<br />

included the rights to sell and manufacture a number<br />

of office chairs that Aski had sold but failed to<br />

deliver.<br />

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Peter and Lasse Holstensson.<br />

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United Sheds Ltd (1977–1993)<br />

The first chairs were manufactured in the Holstensson<br />

family garage. Rolf registered a trading company<br />

to buy parts for his first order and the deal broke<br />

even. At the same time, he continued to work full<br />

time with product development and marketing at<br />

Morgana.<br />

It was now the mid-1970s and working life in<br />

Sweden was changing. The number of administrative<br />

jobs had increased sharply and many worked at<br />

typewriters and data terminals, causing an increase<br />

in work-related injuries; a fact that could not be ignored<br />

by the welfare society. Demand for ergonomically<br />

adapted tables and chairs was considerable and<br />

Rolf had extensive contacts with physiotherapists<br />

and ergonomists. Then and there, the idea was born<br />

of developing ergonomic chairs that provide good<br />

support for the body and that are easy to use. Rolf ’s<br />

persistent slipped disc had given him insight into<br />

the issue, while he also recognised that the need for<br />

good ergonomic chairs would only increase in pace<br />

with office work.<br />

A clear vision<br />

“The fact that this notion was born from Rolf ’s own<br />

need – that he himself suffered from back pain and<br />

lacked a good chair to sit on, is part of the truth.<br />

But that’s probably not the whole story – Rolf was<br />

very much an entrepreneur and always open to new<br />

ideas. I think he also saw the opportunity for good<br />

business,” says Nichlas Axelsson, today project manager<br />

in IT applications, who has worked at <strong>RH</strong><br />

since 1987.<br />

“One of Rolf ’s ‘superpowers’ was his clarity. He was<br />

extremely clear about what he wanted – both concerning<br />

the company’s vision and the purposes of<br />

the various products. Everyone in the organisation<br />

knew the score precisely. <strong>RH</strong>’s success built on this<br />

clarity of thought – a notion that was easy to convey<br />

and to argue for. And it was just as easy for the target<br />

group to take it on board.”<br />

Rolf gained the inspiration for the first product, <strong>RH</strong><br />

191, through an exchange of ideas with physiotherapists<br />

and ergonomists. The 190 series offered a hassle-free<br />

customised seating position. The height and<br />

pitch of the backrest was regulated by a gas spring<br />

and the angle of the seat could be adjusted with a<br />

simple mounting. Rolf sourced the necessary mountings,<br />

that is, the actual mechanisms, and other details<br />

suited to the purpose, from German suppliers.<br />

A visit to a trade fair, an exciting conversation with<br />

a retailer or supplier could be enough for a new idea<br />

to be developed, Nichlas recalls. “Rolf was a great<br />

networker. He was open to everything and everyone<br />

– he saw the ideas as they passed by, and eagerly<br />

absorbed new impressions.” Rolf ’s son, Peter Holstensson,<br />

has a similar image of his father:<br />

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Peter and Rolf Holstensson in action in Bodafors.<br />

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The first <strong>RH</strong> head office. The narrow door from the street made deliveries a bit tricky.<br />

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“It sometimes happened that Dad was asked what<br />

training he had. Typically, he would respond: ‘I have<br />

no education – but I have imagination!’”<br />

All hands on deck!<br />

It was in 1977 that the wheels really got rolling.<br />

Good relations with suppliers and dealers allowed<br />

the <strong>RH</strong> 191 to be released quickly and, relatively<br />

soon, <strong>RH</strong> was represented at all Swedish healthcare<br />

centres. At the same time, Rolf ’s employers at Morgana<br />

realised that a complete office furniture range<br />

required the inclusion of office chairs. Accordingly,<br />

a cooperation agreement was signed, meaning that<br />

chairs from <strong>RH</strong> would be included in Morgana’s catalogue.<br />

<strong>RH</strong> retained the right to sell through other<br />

retailers and sales quickly grew.<br />

But the auditor had something to say. Good order<br />

was needed in the form of a limited liability company.<br />

Accordingly, <strong>RH</strong> was born, with all members<br />

of the Holstensson family as shareholders. At the<br />

same time, Peter, who just finished his military<br />

service, joined the company full-time. He became<br />

<strong>RH</strong>’s first employee – Lasse joined the business a<br />

few years later. The overdraft facility was financed by<br />

mortgaging the family home – a move that, truth be<br />

known, violated Rolf ’s principles. <strong>RH</strong>’s continued<br />

expansion would be financed only through earning<br />

– not loans. Rolf was still employed at Morgana –<br />

and remained so until 1983. This meant that the rest<br />

of the Holstensson family had to assume considerable<br />

responsibility for <strong>RH</strong>. Anita handled the office<br />

work and drove backrests and seats to the upholsterer<br />

in Vetlanda. Rolf, Peter and Lasse assembled<br />

the chairs and managed goods and distribution. To<br />

meet demand, people from the area were brought in<br />

to help in their spare time. Peter and Lasse’s friends<br />

helped out too.<br />

United Sheds Ltd<br />

From the very outset, the need for premises was an<br />

issue. Almost immediately, the Holstensson family<br />

garage grew too small. Instead, the solution was<br />

a small business premises of just 80 square meters<br />

with a narrow door from the street. When the business<br />

began to gain momentum in 1976, the Holstensson<br />

family rented premises in Forsberg’s abandoned<br />

brush factory. The municipality agreed to rent<br />

the premises out inexpensively – albeit in terrible<br />

condition. Bodafors Sportklubb helped with the renovation<br />

in exchange for sponsorship. By 1981, <strong>RH</strong><br />

had again outgrown its home and acquired Eksjöshus’<br />

former premises – providing only just enough<br />

space. Over the ensuing decade, extensions were<br />

built or the company moved more or less annually.<br />

“<strong>RH</strong> was referred to by the playful name ‘United<br />

Sheds Ltd’ (Swedish ‘AB Förenade Skjul’). Because<br />

we were growing so much, we had to find new premises<br />

or extend all the time,” says Marie Wågesson,<br />

employee number 7, today Area Sales Manager in<br />

Exports. “I was employed as an office clerk in 1981. I<br />

have continued working at the company ever since,<br />

and have had the opportunity to develop in different<br />

duties. I believe that’s why so many have chosen<br />

to stay. Working at <strong>RH</strong> has never been boring.<br />

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19


No one had any hesitation when the company moved<br />

to Nässjö. Everyone came along.” By 1992, the<br />

numerous different premises had made work logistically<br />

unsustainable. <strong>RH</strong> needed new spaces for rational<br />

production and future expansion. When Göte<br />

Möbler in Nässjö went bankrupt, <strong>RH</strong> was offered<br />

the opportunity to buy. The transaction succeeded<br />

and, for the first time since the outset – and that<br />

first overdraft facility – Rolf was forced to pay with<br />

borrowed money.<br />

“It was exciting to see how the move would be received,<br />

as most employees lived in Bodafors. It went<br />

down very well and everyone was prepared to commute,”<br />

Rolf said, relieved.<br />

In 1992, <strong>RH</strong> took its new spacious premises in use, meaning the business had to move from Bodafors to Nässjö.<br />

revolution<br />

20


Stockholm<br />

Nässjö<br />

Bodafors


From trading to in-house development<br />

From the outset, <strong>RH</strong>’s chairs were trading products.<br />

Parts from different suppliers were sourced and assembled<br />

according to Rolf ’s concepts. Mountings,<br />

gas springs and other details were mainly supplied<br />

by German producers. In 1984, <strong>RH</strong> signed an agreement<br />

with a German manufacturer to supply parts<br />

for a completely new chair: the <strong>RH</strong> 2000. The chair<br />

was unique in its category and summed up <strong>RH</strong>’s<br />

concept in a nutshell. It offered superior setting options,<br />

but was nonetheless easily adjusted. All of the<br />

different functions could be controlled with a single<br />

lever. It was also right for the times in terms of its<br />

design. The <strong>RH</strong> 2000 achieved success in the market,<br />

with more than 60,000 chairs being sold over<br />

the ensuing six years.<br />

Rolf had always been responsible for product development,<br />

but when Lasse joined the company, the<br />

innovation process gained an extra boost. Lasse took<br />

the view that <strong>RH</strong> should develop its own mountings<br />

and welded a prototype. After a brief search,<br />

he found a supplier in the form of Diac Metall in<br />

Taberg. The collaboration offered the opportunity<br />

for <strong>RH</strong> to manufacture its own fittings without having<br />

to set up a metal workshop of its own. When<br />

the German subcontractor of mountings for <strong>RH</strong> 191<br />

began to cause difficulties, it was possible to easily<br />

replace them with <strong>RH</strong>’s own mountings.<br />

Eventually, Lasse’s product development made <strong>RH</strong><br />

independent of the German suppliers. This was also<br />

a salvation when the successful <strong>RH</strong> 2000 chair hit<br />

major difficulties. The chair proved to have major<br />

quality issues – primarily with the gas springs, which<br />

did not last. Oddly enough, customers bought the<br />

chair nonetheless – but <strong>RH</strong> gradually began to phase<br />

it out in favour of the Logic 3, another innovative<br />

chair based on new ergonomic findings in collaboration<br />

with the Norwegian physician, Professor<br />

Tvedt. The Logic family was launched in 1989 and<br />

became <strong>RH</strong>’s icon.<br />

“When we began manufacturing our own mountings,<br />

we were forced to start charging a higher<br />

price for the chairs. Naturally, we did not produce<br />

mountings in series nearly as large as the German<br />

manufacturer did. That caused me an upset stomach<br />

a few times. But the hope was that our customers<br />

would be prepared to pay for improved quality and<br />

function. And they were,” Lasse Holstensson recalls.<br />

Coffee party and major customers<br />

In 1982, Peter moved to Stockholm, where he opened<br />

an office in Kungsholmen. One of his first moves<br />

was to call Stockholm County Council’s health<br />

centres. It turned out they were holding a conference<br />

– and were keen to <strong>book</strong> a visit that same afternoon!<br />

Peter and Rolf squeezed 20 physiotherapists into<br />

the small room, offered them coffee and demonstrated<br />

their chairs. The coffee was strong and black, the<br />

atmosphere good and many of the contacts established<br />

that day lasted for the rest of their careers. Maintaining<br />

a presence in the capital made it possible<br />

to handle service-intensive companies with sizeable<br />

needs for ergonomic chairs. Over the next few years,<br />

revolution<br />

22


agreements were signed with Astra, Bankgirot, IBM<br />

and, ultimately, even with the Swedish Government<br />

through the Swedish Defence Material Administration<br />

FMV. In 1990, a partnership was initiated<br />

with Finnish office furniture company Martela and<br />

this was to be of great importance for <strong>RH</strong>’s further<br />

development. All customer enquiries were met with<br />

curiosity and enthusiasm.<br />

“We had built our assembly process in a way that<br />

afforded us a unique opportunity for flexibility and<br />

customisation. If the customer had a particular request,<br />

we were able to accommodate it. This was a<br />

major competitive advantage,” Lasse says. As business<br />

grew, <strong>RH</strong> switched to new premises. First<br />

to Folkungagatan, then to Swedenborgsgatan.“In<br />

1997, we gathered our courage and opened a large,<br />

much-visited showroom on Regeringsgatan, at<br />

the heart of the hottest cluster of office furniture<br />

showrooms and only a stone’s throw from our largest<br />

competitor,” Peter says.<br />

“Personally, my time at <strong>RH</strong> was all about development.<br />

It was very satisfying to be involved in developing<br />

the company and brand and advancing their<br />

positions. But <strong>RH</strong> also gave me the opportunity to<br />

develop on a personal level, to grow with the challenges.”<br />

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23


evolution<br />

24


The three of us made a good team.<br />

Dad had the experience and the<br />

contacts. Peter was talented in<br />

marketing and had a sense of colour<br />

and form, as well as an instinct<br />

for sales. And I enjoyed getting<br />

involved in product development<br />

and matters of ergonomics.<br />

Lasse Holstensson


An ergonomic revolution<br />

<strong>RH</strong> was not actually the first. But <strong>RH</strong> had the most stamina. By sticking to its principles,<br />

the brand became an innovative market leader in ergonomic seating.<br />

<strong>RH</strong>’s business concept was clear. The company would<br />

produce ergonomically designed office and work<br />

chairs that were so easy to use that people would<br />

actually use them properly. The <strong>RH</strong> 191 was launched<br />

in 1977 and built on the insights and knowledge<br />

Rolf Holstensson had acquired in collaboration<br />

with Swedish ergonomists and physiotherapists.<br />

What was new about this chair was that the height<br />

and backrest tilt could be regulated with a gas spring,<br />

while the seat angle could be adjusted with a single<br />

control. Although <strong>RH</strong> was not the first to offer a<br />

chair like this, through its early and clear choice of<br />

direction, the company became a leader in the area.<br />

Through contacts at retailer Inredningshuset in Bodafors,<br />

Rolf managed to have the chair introduced to<br />

Jönköping County Council. The first order consisted<br />

of 15 chairs for two health centres. An invitation to<br />

present the chairs to the Rygginstitutet back pain<br />

treatment centre together with Aski was a success<br />

and <strong>RH</strong> soon had access to a national sales organisation<br />

to all healthcare centres across Sweden. Together<br />

with its retailers, <strong>RH</strong> travelled the length and breadth<br />

of the country arranging popular “Ergonomics<br />

Dinners” for physiotherapists and health and safety<br />

technicians. The development process continued, and<br />

gradually, the seating philosophy still embraced by<br />

<strong>RH</strong> was formed. Instead of forcing the body to adjust<br />

to the chair, the chair would adjust to the body. An<br />

<strong>RH</strong> chair provides support and relief in an upright<br />

position, while following the natural motion of the<br />

body. A basic feature is that the chair’s joints agree<br />

with the body’s knee and hip joints – the so-called<br />

2PP philosophy. The concept was easy to explain.<br />

<strong>RH</strong>’s sales people were in the habit of bringing along<br />

a simple cut-out doll, with legs articulated by paper<br />

fasteners, which they used to demonstrate the chair<br />

to customers – in a straightforward and educational<br />

manner. For many, however, the matter was settled as<br />

soon as they sat in the chair. Choosing a chair from<br />

<strong>RH</strong> was largely about the feeling – to put it simply,<br />

they were naturally comfortable. In cases where <strong>RH</strong><br />

had the opportunity to leave a test chair with a customer,<br />

it frequently won the procurement.<br />

The possibility of easily adjusting the chair to each<br />

user’s needs was one of <strong>RH</strong>’s strongest arguments. The<br />

key to success lay with the patents developed by Lasse<br />

Holstensson, which helped keep competitors at bay.<br />

Most importantly, the adjustable mechanism, enabling<br />

infinite settings, and the Logic patent, with double gas<br />

cylinders between seat and backrest, provided a solution<br />

that worked in the same way as a gearbox.<br />

revolution<br />

26


evolution<br />

27


The Swedish automotive industry was<br />

an early adopter of driver ergonomics.<br />

<strong>RH</strong> has operated in the same spirit as<br />

Volvo and Saab. We also had a very<br />

rewarding exchange with the Saab<br />

development team.<br />

Lasse Holstensson<br />

revolution<br />

28


The broad <strong>RH</strong> range offered an ergonomic sitting solution for every type of work.


<strong>RH</strong> stands for responsiveness<br />

“When I first saw the <strong>RH</strong> 2000, I thought it was brilliant. You understood exactly how the<br />

chair was meant to be used” says Tone Petrelius, one of the many physiotherapists who led<br />

the Swedish ergonomics revolution.<br />

Throughout her professional career in the field<br />

of ergonomics – as a physiotherapist at insurance<br />

company Folksam and the government-run health<br />

agency, Statshälsan (later Previa), as an ergonomics<br />

project leader at TCO Development and running<br />

her own business, - Tone Petrelius has closely followed<br />

developments in working life.<br />

“I started working as a physiotherapist in 1971 and<br />

I thought I was good at what I did. My patients’<br />

health improved. It was just that those who worked<br />

in offices returned rather quickly. I – and, of course,<br />

hundreds of other physiotherapists – realized that<br />

working with rehabilitation alone was not enough.<br />

We had to work preventively,” says Tone.<br />

“An increasing number of us began to apply for<br />

jobs at companies, to see how people worked and to<br />

identify solutions.”<br />

“Initially, it was all the ladies sitting at typewriters<br />

who had problems. Later, as computer and terminal<br />

work increased, the focus came to be on the entire<br />

workplace – from keyboards to monitors and computer<br />

mice. We came to work with both load ergonomics<br />

and visual ergonomics.” “After a few years, I<br />

got a job at insurance company Folksam, which was<br />

when I came into contact with <strong>RH</strong>, as well as several<br />

of their peers, including HÅG. It was the golden<br />

age of ergonomics, and we ergonomists worked with<br />

the manufacturers.”<br />

“Rolf Holstensson was a listener,” Tone explains.<br />

“He had a kind of ‘wide-angle hearing’ and a great<br />

ability to pick up on people’s wishes and needs.<br />

If we had any notions about how sitting could be<br />

made more versatile, Rolf listened, went home and<br />

developed, and came back with a suggestion. When<br />

<strong>RH</strong> started making chairs that followed the motion<br />

of the body, it was a revelation for us.” When Tone<br />

started work at Statshälsan/Previa, she began by assessing<br />

the ergonomic suitability of products.<br />

“Naturally we received many chairs for testing, but<br />

I still remember when the <strong>RH</strong> 2000 arrived – it was<br />

included in the framework of <strong>RH</strong> Form’s agreement<br />

with the Swedish Defence Material Administration<br />

FMV. It was adjusted with a single, joystick-style<br />

lever. This was pulled upwards to raise the chair<br />

and pushed down to lower it. If you wanted to lean<br />

revolution<br />

30


forward, you pushed the control forward and if you<br />

wanted to lean back, you pulled it backwards. It was<br />

that simple. I thought it was brilliant.”<br />

She continued to evaluate office furniture and office<br />

aids at TCO Development, which, with its “TCO<br />

Certified” label, helped promote Swedish ergonomic<br />

products around the world. One of them was<br />

<strong>RH</strong>’s Logic chair. “In the process of certifying different<br />

products, we also had the opportunity to visit<br />

the manufacturers’ production facilities. I recall<br />

that <strong>RH</strong>’s early commitment to environmental issues<br />

was highly inspiring and caused us to regard<br />

the products from a new and broader perspective,<br />

encompassing both the individual and the environment.<br />

Naturally, ergonomics and sustainability go<br />

hand in hand.”<br />

<strong>RH</strong> 190<br />

<strong>RH</strong> 2000<br />

revolution<br />

31


Sky-high with Professor Tvedt<br />

With his knuckles clenched in his trench coat pockets, the eccentric Professor Tvedt was<br />

an unusual feature in the ergonomics scene of the 1980s. With the help of Tvedt’s groundbreaking<br />

research, <strong>RH</strong> transformed the hunched computer jockeys of the office into fighter pilots.<br />

In 1985, <strong>RH</strong> attended a trade fair in Oslo. Rolf happened<br />

to meet a Professor Tvedt there, one of the<br />

leading ergonomists in the Nordic region, and working<br />

as a health and safety physician at the Police<br />

Board in Oslo. Rolf was fascinated by Tvedt’s thinking<br />

on ergonomics, and he and Lasse embarked<br />

upon a study trip to Oslo.<br />

“Tvedt received us while he was working and in two<br />

hours we learnt more about ergonomics than we had<br />

in eight years,” Rolf said afterwards. “At the time,<br />

there were several authorities in ergonomics, but<br />

Tvedt stood out from the crowd. Most of his colleagues<br />

were focusing on the back and the pressure<br />

on the vertebrae, while Tvedt considered the entire<br />

body, including blood supply and how we oxygenate<br />

the blood,” says Lasse Holstensson.<br />

a new seat for the aircraft. These had a small cushion<br />

between the shoulder blades, offloading the shoulders,<br />

opening the chest and improving the pilots’ intake<br />

of oxygen. In doing so, he extended the pilots’<br />

flying time of 60 minutes to 70 minutes. It made<br />

me wonder – if that cushion could extend an hour<br />

by ten minutes, by how much could it extend a full<br />

workday?” Lasse says.<br />

The result was the “Tvedt cushion” on the<br />

<strong>RH</strong> Logic 3 – still one of the unique features of <strong>RH</strong><br />

chairs today.<br />

Professor Tvedt was also employed by the Norwegian<br />

Air Force with the purpose of improving<br />

the seating ergonomics in their F16 jets. “The pilots’<br />

bodies were exposed to strong forces in the jets, causing<br />

them to tire quickly. In cooperation with the<br />

Norwegian Air Force and NATO, Tvedt developed<br />

revolution<br />

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evolution<br />

33


From Stone Age and Ergonomics<br />

to Human Factors<br />

Ergonomics has been a topic of human interest since the Stone Age.<br />

”It is time for a fresh approach”, says Bas van der Doelen, European Ergonomist for Flokk.<br />

“When humans started to work with tools, they in<br />

fact applied ergonomic solutions”, Bas explains.<br />

When handling stone axes, agriculture tools and,<br />

machines, we’ve been able to increase productivity,<br />

but we were still facing the challenges of pain and<br />

wear due to physical effort.<br />

Throughout the times, humans have developed different,<br />

more or less successful, solutions to these<br />

problems. The first intentional ergonomic strategies<br />

were implemented in the early 1900s, intended for<br />

people performing industrial work in a sitting position.<br />

When type writing and, later on, personal<br />

computers became the most common tool for office<br />

workers, the need emerged. In the 20st century ergonomics<br />

developed rapidly, resulting in several established,<br />

but different, applications and approaches.<br />

Bas himself has 15 years of experience in the field,<br />

as a researcher and a consultant. Working with the<br />

Dutch military he has conducted studies on how to<br />

optimize physical workload and working conditions<br />

for soldiers carrying equipment long distances. He<br />

has also worked as a freelance advisor and as ergonomic<br />

expert at <strong>RH</strong>s sister company BMA Ergonomics.<br />

During this time, Bas has also experienced<br />

a shift in paradigm as we’ve entered the digital age.<br />

A revolutionary change, that might be the death of<br />

ergonomics as we know it…<br />

“The field of ergonomics has traditionally focused<br />

on posture and what happens below our heads. This<br />

is no longer enough. Digitization and IT is changing<br />

how we are working and the ways we interact<br />

with and experience the world. Luckily we cannot<br />

separate our heads from our bodies, meaning we<br />

have to redefine the concept of ergonomics and find<br />

a more holistic approach. Today many choose to use<br />

the term Human Factors instead of ergonomics,<br />

embracing all the different ways we perform and interact<br />

with our environment.”<br />

This does not in anyway mean that known facts<br />

should be disregarded. An upright posture offering<br />

support and movement for back, hip and knees is<br />

the starting point when developing new solutions<br />

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34


for sitting in the new ways of working. The opportunity<br />

of sitting in an upright, supportive and active<br />

way during the workday is the key to human creativity<br />

and well being.<br />

“Of course, you shouldn’t sit all the time, but you<br />

shouldn’t stand all day either. The human body is<br />

made to move – and standing is not quite the same<br />

as moving around. Eventually, gravity will pull you<br />

down and you’ll get tired. For most people I would<br />

actually recommend more sitting than standing, as<br />

a suggestion in a ratio of 3 to 1.”<strong>RH</strong>’s philosophy is<br />

all about opening up the body’s different joint angles<br />

– e.g. knees, hips and arms – in order to provide<br />

support and freedom of movement.<br />

“This is very Scandinavian, based on solid biomechanical<br />

principles, in comparison to other idea’s about<br />

fixed postures like the proclaimed 90 degrees knee<br />

and hip and arm position. <strong>RH</strong> has in many ways<br />

been known as the ‘back problem solver’ but to me<br />

the <strong>RH</strong> chair is so much more. Yes, it is a very comfortable<br />

chair, but it has a unique way of working<br />

your whole body. It prevents you from collapsing,<br />

opens up the chest and gives you support between<br />

the shoulder blades. You feel supported by sitting<br />

in the chair not just on it” This posture facilitates<br />

breathing and relaxation.<br />

“You might think that breathing is all about feeding<br />

the brain with fresh oxygen. But the trick with the<br />

<strong>RH</strong> chair is the way that it allows you to breathe<br />

deep, all the way to the belly. This kind of deep, re-<br />

laxed and controlled breathing – like the breathing<br />

you aspire during a yoga session – promotes well being<br />

and reduce stress in a way that I think is more<br />

important than ever before.”<br />

revolution<br />

35


Ericsson<br />

Husqvarna<br />

Radio Sweden


Chairs for every task<br />

Ergonomics was lacking in all workplaces. <strong>RH</strong> was<br />

early to develop a broad range of chairs for different<br />

professional groups – from industrial fitters<br />

to dentists and hairdressers. <strong>RH</strong>’s chairs were also<br />

very popular in laboratories and at pharmaceutical<br />

companies. The first series of work chairs, Maxi, was<br />

launched in 1978 and has had many successors. Specially<br />

adapted work chairs are still an important part<br />

of <strong>RH</strong>’s offering, and customers include the London<br />

Underground, King and Riksidrottsförbundet.<br />

Swedish Sports Confederation<br />

King<br />

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37


You never had to leave<br />

United Sheds Ltd hungry<br />

<strong>RH</strong> was a family company. But the family included more than Rolf, Anita, Peter and Lasse Holstensson.<br />

The <strong>RH</strong> family embraced everyone – from employees to subcontractors and retailers.<br />

Lasse Ekberg, Janne Hjalmarsson, Susanne Persson,<br />

Claes Samuelsson and Kristina Svensson are a few<br />

of the employees who have been employed by <strong>RH</strong><br />

throughout their entire professional lives. A positive<br />

corporate culture and good companionship have laid<br />

the foundation for what they call the “<strong>RH</strong> Spirit”.<br />

“Working at <strong>RH</strong> was like being part of a big family.<br />

I think everyone felt hand-picked. And actually<br />

that’s how it was. If new people were needed,<br />

Rolf often asked us on staff if we could recommend<br />

anyone. The fact that we have been good colleagues<br />

and have had fun together has been very important.<br />

At <strong>RH</strong>, you could relax and be yourself,” says Kristina,<br />

and Claes agrees:<br />

“They really care about their staff. I was always confident<br />

that the Holstensson family did its utmost to<br />

ensure that our jobs were secure and that we were<br />

paid adequately. If we had to work overtime, which<br />

happened quite often, we were treated to Swedish<br />

sandwich gateau or something else tasty. You never<br />

had to leave United Sheds Ltd hungry.”<br />

“There was never any question about putting in that<br />

extra effort when needed. You weren’t just working<br />

for the company but for each other. And of course,<br />

we all wanted a job to go to,” says Lasse.<br />

One for all…<br />

The family spirit was expressed not only through<br />

pleasant pre-holiday gatherings in the summer,<br />

crayfish parties, Saint Lucy’s Day celebrations and<br />

Christmas parties – early on, when the workforce<br />

wasn’t that big, it was not uncommon to be invited<br />

to dinner or a barbecue at the Holstenssons. “Rolf<br />

did not discriminate between people. Between the<br />

company’s owners and its employees. It was never<br />

about us and them. It was always us. You felt included,”<br />

says Janne.<br />

“I think we all felt we bore a special responsibility –<br />

for the company and for each other. I knew that if I<br />

did something a certain way, it would have a consequence<br />

for the whole. In many ways, I think there<br />

was, and is, a special <strong>RH</strong> Spirit,” Kristina reasons.<br />

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38


... and one for all<br />

At first, the company was so small that there were<br />

no special departments. Most of the employees<br />

were young people of the Holstensson brothers’ age.<br />

Rolf liked employing young people, which certainly<br />

contributed to the uninhibited and innovative spirit<br />

of the company. “You knuckled down and helped<br />

out when necessary,” says Claes.<br />

“Everyone knew how to assemble a chair and precisely<br />

why it looked like it did. <strong>RH</strong> was customer<br />

order-driven before the concept had been invented.<br />

If we could sell a chair we did. That was part of the<br />

entrepreneurial spirit.” Suppliers and retailers have<br />

always been an important part of the <strong>RH</strong> family. “It<br />

didn’t matter if you were working inside the walls of<br />

<strong>RH</strong> or not, we shared opportunities and challenges<br />

and resolved assignments together. The notion that<br />

suppliers should be local was very important to Rolf.<br />

You were meant to help each other out,” says Janne.<br />

No wastefulness<br />

Everyone testifies to the fact that going to work<br />

was always fun – largely thanks to Rolf Holstensson’s<br />

personal commitment and delightful character.<br />

“Sometimes, when we were having the most<br />

fun, Rolf might come in, sit down and watch, and<br />

ask if there was a power outage,” says Susanne. As<br />

entrepreneurs are wont to be, Rolf was also very<br />

cost-conscious. Nothing could be wasted or thrown<br />

away – it might be of use another time.<br />

“He was in the habit of checking the skip outside<br />

in the evenings. When you came back the next day,<br />

you could be certain that all of that stuff would be<br />

back in the factory ...” Janne recalls. It was an approach<br />

that is so typical of Småland. It’s not about<br />

stinginessbut rather about insight; that awareness of<br />

resources can help create long-term prosperity.<br />

Always at the forefront<br />

Good resource management also had the effect that<br />

<strong>RH</strong> was early to take environmental and sustainability<br />

concerns into consideration. Wastefulness was<br />

out of the question. But that did not mean Rolf was<br />

tight-fisted, Kristina points out: “Rolf liked new<br />

technology and being at the forefront. Although we<br />

jokingly called ourselves United Sheds Ltd, we had<br />

a teletex machine at the office – more or less a predecessor<br />

of today’s e-mail. And he was meticulous<br />

about everyone having a good salary and an extra<br />

wage packet for the holidays.”<br />

Among those employees who have worked at <strong>RH</strong><br />

for a long time – and there are many of them – it is<br />

the trust and encouragement of the owners in particular<br />

that has played a part in their choice to stay on.<br />

“I’ve stayed because I’ve always had the opportunity<br />

to develop within the company and try new things,”<br />

says Susanne. “Working at <strong>RH</strong> was considered to be<br />

the best. That’s just how it was. Everyone said so.”<br />

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39


evolution<br />

40


evolution<br />

42


A happy supplier is a good supplier<br />

From the very first chair, it was the good relationship<br />

with subcontractors that contributed to <strong>RH</strong>’s<br />

success. By collaborating with Swedish, and most<br />

preferably local, subcontractors in development and<br />

production, <strong>RH</strong> was able to safeguard quality and<br />

deliveries. “A happy supplier is a good supplier,” reasoned<br />

Rolf Holstensson, who found it important for<br />

both parties to make a profit on the deal.<br />

simple, but looking at the underlying mechanism,<br />

it becomes apparent that there are many parts that<br />

must be brought together effectively. You might liken<br />

it to a happy marriage. I think many of <strong>RH</strong>’s<br />

subcontractors have experienced the same thing as<br />

we have – that they have been part of a family.”<br />

Carina Lyckvind, CEO of Diac and second-generation family<br />

business owner<br />

“Diac and <strong>RH</strong> have collaborated since 1984 when<br />

Lasse Holstensson contacted my father, Dicky<br />

Carlsson, for assistance with the production of <strong>RH</strong>’s<br />

new fittings. Since then, we have worked together<br />

and for some time we were also owned by <strong>RH</strong>. Historically,<br />

we have, of course, been two family companies<br />

– and this has affected how we have worked<br />

together.<br />

Our relationship has always been pervaded by<br />

open communication. We have not only produced,<br />

but also assisted with development and design. If<br />

we have found there to be better ways of solving<br />

things, we have said so. This has enabled us to find<br />

smart and cost-effective solutions that have benefited<br />

both <strong>RH</strong> and us. Our strength is our broad<br />

range of equipment, which affords us considerable<br />

flexibility. Combined with extensive experience and<br />

competence, this makes us a quality partner.This is a<br />

rather complex product – an office chair may appear<br />

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43


Fairs and events<br />

Tour in the factory<br />

Presentation by Lasse<br />

Training session<br />

Delivery of chairs


High-service<br />

retailers<br />

The close relationship with retailers has been an<br />

invaluable asset for <strong>RH</strong>. Initially, the retailer level<br />

consisted of Rolf ’s personal contact network in the<br />

office furniture segment – a total of 30 retailers in<br />

Sweden, Norway and Denmark. But soon another<br />

significant group of retailers emerged, in the form<br />

of the many ergonomists and physiotherapists active<br />

at health centres and occupational health providers.<br />

They also became important ambassadors for <strong>RH</strong> as<br />

the reputation of Swedish ergonomics spread across<br />

the world and Swedish physiotherapists were invited<br />

to give lectures in other countries.<br />

<strong>RH</strong>’s retailer meetings in Bodafors, presenting the<br />

latest ergonomic findings and product reviews, were<br />

highly popular and helped support retailers in their<br />

day-to-day work. The degree of service was high.<br />

Customers received the highest degree of service,<br />

which included the installation of test chairs before<br />

purchase, often carried out by the retailers themselves.<br />

They would bring the chairs in, unpack them<br />

and place them in the workplace. Staff would also<br />

receive training in how to get the most out of their<br />

new chairs.


<strong>RH</strong> timeline<br />

1977<br />

• The limited liability company <strong>RH</strong> is formed<br />

in Bodafors under the leadership of<br />

entrepreneur Rolf Holstensson.<br />

• Launch of the very first chair, <strong>RH</strong> 191.<br />

1987<br />

• The Tekno to replace <strong>RH</strong> 2000 chair,<br />

a predecessor of <strong>RH</strong>-Logic, is introduced.<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> has its own stand at the Orgatec trade<br />

fair in Cologne.<br />

1978<br />

1982<br />

• The Maxi chair system, including work<br />

chairs for industrial and laboratory<br />

environments.<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> opens a sales office in Stockholm.<br />

1988<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> acquires subcontractor and fittings<br />

manufacturer Diac Mekaniska.<br />

• The name of the operation is changed<br />

to <strong>RH</strong> Metall.<br />

• The generation shift commences.<br />

1983<br />

• First self-developed mechanism,<br />

received a Swedish patent, used on <strong>RH</strong> 191<br />

1989<br />

• Launch of Logic 3.<br />

• Acquisition of the upholstery workshop<br />

that was previously a subcontractor.<br />

1984<br />

1985<br />

• Launch of the ground-breaking<br />

<strong>RH</strong> 2000 series.<br />

• Upholstery workshop is built and leased<br />

by KåCe AB.<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> takes control of all product details.<br />

• Commences in-house development<br />

and production in cooperation with local<br />

subcontractors.<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> signs an agreement with the Swedish<br />

• Defence Material Administration FMV.<br />

• New property with production, offices<br />

and showroom.<br />

1990<br />

1991<br />

1992<br />

• Extension of <strong>RH</strong> Metall.<br />

• Launch of Logic 4.<br />

• Agreement on deliveries to Martela.<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> acquires Götemöbler’s former factory<br />

in Nässjö.<br />

• The entire business moves from Bodafors<br />

to Nässjö.<br />

• The first environmental policy is established.<br />

1986<br />

• Acquisition of new production sites.<br />

1993<br />

• Rolf Holstensson retires and becomes<br />

Chairman of the Board.<br />

• Lars Holstensson becomes the new CEO.<br />

• Agrement with Superior Chairs Texas , USA


1994<br />

1995<br />

1996<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> launches its own subsidiary in the UK.<br />

• The generation shift is completed.<br />

• Lasse Holstensson and Peter Holstensson<br />

become the sole owners of the company.<br />

• Lars Holstensson resigns from the position<br />

of CEO to focus on product development.<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> recruits an external CEO for the first<br />

time.<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> Metall is sold (to the former owner).<br />

2007<br />

2009<br />

• Sales of SEK 400 million.<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> is sold to investment company Ratos.<br />

• Scandinavian Business Seating is formed.<br />

The Group is formed with Ratos also having<br />

purchased RBM of Denmark and HÅG of<br />

Norway.<br />

• Launch of the innovative office chair<br />

<strong>RH</strong> Ambio.<br />

• Production is transferred from RBM in<br />

Denmark to Scandinavian Business Seating<br />

in Nässjö. 20 new jobs in Nässjö.<br />

1997<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> Form starts its own subsidiary in France.<br />

• ISO 9001 Certification.<br />

2010<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> Activ gets a facelift and is relaunched.<br />

1998<br />

1999<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> establishes its own testing laboratory.<br />

• The company participates in the<br />

development of the Möbelfakta (furniture<br />

facts) labelling system.<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> establishes its own subsidiary in Norway.<br />

• ISO 14001 Certification.<br />

• Launch of <strong>RH</strong> Moveon and <strong>RH</strong> Activ.<br />

2013<br />

2015<br />

2016<br />

• The next-generation chair, <strong>RH</strong> Mereo,<br />

is launched.<br />

• The Group acquires BMA of the Netherlands<br />

and transfers that company’s production to<br />

Nässjö, generating some 30 new jobs.<br />

• Scandinavian Business Seating is sold to<br />

investment company Triton.<br />

• Trition acquires Malmstolen.<br />

2001<br />

2005<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> establishes its own subsidiaries in<br />

Denmark and the Netherlands.<br />

• Launch of an updated version of<br />

Logic 3 & 4 called Logic 400/300.<br />

2017<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> celebrates 40 years.<br />

• The Group is expanded through acquisition<br />

of Offect of Sweden and Giroflex of<br />

Switzerland.<br />

• The Group rebrands as Flokk to create a<br />

stronger brand identity for further expansion.


evolution<br />

48


evolution<br />

revolution<br />

49


<strong>RH</strong> at Orgatec -87<br />

New office in Wandsworth -95<br />

<strong>RH</strong> Logic at The Ashes -09<br />

Stockholm Furniture Fair -01<br />

evolution<br />

50


New generation, new markets, 1991–2007<br />

In the late 1980s, the Holstensson family began to<br />

plan for the upcoming generation shift. Anita left<br />

the company in 1990. In 1994, the time came for<br />

Rolf to “retire” and he handed over operational responsibility<br />

to his sons, with Lasse as CEO. Rolf ’s<br />

commitment remained considerable however and<br />

he stayed on as the Chairman of <strong>RH</strong> until 2002. The<br />

1990s came to be defined by the move to the new<br />

premises in Nässjö, the success of the Logic family<br />

and continued product development. This was also<br />

the decade in which <strong>RH</strong> stepped out into the wider<br />

world.<br />

In 1987, <strong>RH</strong> participated in the major office trade<br />

fair, Orgatec, in Cologne, for the first time. The appearance<br />

at the fair generated substantial interest<br />

from abroad and the conclusion was reached that it<br />

was time to recruit an export manager. As so often<br />

before, the choice fell on a known local resource in<br />

the shape of Ulf Magnusson. Until that time, <strong>RH</strong>’s<br />

foreign retail network had been limited to Norway<br />

and Denmark, and consisted primarily of Rolf ’s<br />

old business contacts. A process was now initiated<br />

to identify additional international retailers and to<br />

establish proprietary subsidiaries. The first step was<br />

to recruit a retailer in the UK, where <strong>RH</strong> was gaining<br />

traction thanks to Swedish physiotherapist<br />

Gunilla Kleberg.<br />

Wild West<br />

In 1992, <strong>RH</strong> attended the Orgatec fair again, and<br />

international business took off in earnest. Following<br />

the fair, the company had several hundred leads<br />

in some 30 different countries. The most attractive<br />

contacts were two large US companies. After a trip<br />

out west, a decision was made to pursue an initiative<br />

in the US. Staff were recruited and offices were set<br />

up, but then it all came to a halt. Nothing happened.<br />

Invoices remained unpaid and retailers found<br />

it difficult to cooperate. <strong>RH</strong> chairs were popular, but<br />

delivering to a whole continent is complicated - sometimes<br />

there were as many as five intermediaries<br />

before the chair reached the customer. It made the<br />

chairs expensive and «the story behind the chair»,<br />

which Americans loved, disappeared somewhere<br />

along the way. Therefore, the decision was made to<br />

leave the United States and instead invest in Europe.<br />

BMA<br />

A significantly more rewarding contact from the<br />

Orgatec fair of 1992 was Dutch office furniture<br />

company BMA. There was considerable interest in<br />

<strong>RH</strong>’s ergonomic solutions among the Dutch, and<br />

with BMA as retailer, the sales successes began<br />

stacking up. This partnership lasted until the early<br />

2000s when BMA began developing its own chairs.<br />

Instead, <strong>RH</strong> established its own subsidiary and the<br />

two brands became competitors. In 2015, Scandinavian<br />

Business Seating acquired BMA and now the<br />

companies are again part of the same family.<br />

evolution<br />

51


Jörgen Josefsson<br />

Country Manager, Flokk UK<br />

Both sides of the Channel<br />

In the second half of the 1990s, <strong>RH</strong> established its<br />

own subsidiaries on both sides of the English Channel.<br />

Jörgen Josefsson set up the business in London<br />

in 1995, and Olgica Pezin did the same in Paris in<br />

1998. Naturally, Jörgen Josefsson hailed originally<br />

from Nässjö. He was already living in London and<br />

was working at an advertising agency when the phone<br />

rang. It was <strong>RH</strong>’s export manager Ulf Magnusson.<br />

He had been given my name by an acquaintance<br />

of mine, Roy Bakken and I was from Nässjö. That<br />

was sufficient,” Jörgen says.<br />

The two of them met at Selfridges Hotel. After a<br />

trip to Nässjö and a meeting with Lasse and Peter,<br />

all were agreed. In 1995, Jörgen commenced operations<br />

in the suburb of Wandsworth. The minimal<br />

office was housed in what had previously been the<br />

toilet. Three years later we moved to Brixton, were<br />

we still have warehouse and office.<br />

London Underground<br />

“Although our agent had built up a fair knowledge<br />

of the brand, operating under our own flag was, of<br />

course, a completely different matter. At that time,<br />

very few manufacturers were serious about producing<br />

ergonomic chairs. The opportunity lay in establishing<br />

<strong>RH</strong> as a premium brand in the area.”<br />

“The UK operation really began moving with a major<br />

order for health insurance organization Bupa. It<br />

is important to remember that <strong>RH</strong>’s offer is not just<br />

about office chairs, but about work chairs for many<br />

different applications,” Jörgen points out.<br />

“For example, the London Underground is one of<br />

our larger customers. There are approximatelly 272<br />

underground stations in London and all barrier guards<br />

use our chairs. We have a number of exciting<br />

customers, but I’m not allowed to name them.”<br />

evolution<br />

52


evolution<br />

53


Olgica Pezin<br />

Country Manager<br />

Flokk France<br />

In 1998, I got a phone call from a head hunter. They<br />

wondered if I was interested in starting a sales company<br />

for a Swedish company. I had worked in the<br />

industry for 14 years at that point, for Steelcase. But<br />

I had never heard of <strong>RH</strong>.<br />

Nonetheless, chairs in particular were a bit special<br />

for me. That had always been the product where I<br />

felt most personally involved. So, I said ‘sure, let’s<br />

meet.’ We had a meeting in Paris. Myself, a representative<br />

from the recruitment company and Peter<br />

Holstensson from <strong>RH</strong>. I left the meeting amazed.<br />

<strong>RH</strong>’s seating philosophy was a whole new way of<br />

thinking and I realised the possibilities for the products<br />

in the French market.<br />

I must have done something right during the interview,<br />

because I was among those selected for further<br />

interviews at <strong>RH</strong> in Sweden. I must have appeared<br />

very out of place, standing there outside the railway<br />

station in Nässjö. A little French lady, dressed for<br />

a stroll in Paris, in the harsh winds of Småland. I<br />

saw the hesitation in their eyes as they regarded me.<br />

They must have wondered what on Earth I could<br />

contribute. But the interview got started – it was<br />

me, Ulf, Lasse and Peter – and the more we talked,<br />

the more it felt like an obvious fit. I was surprised by<br />

how pragmatic they were. The questions dealt very<br />

little with my merits and were more about who I<br />

was. And I was impressed. By the fact that there was<br />

such knowledge out there in the Swedish countryside<br />

and that such cutting-edge products were being<br />

produced there. It was almost a little like a love story.<br />

You can feel yourself falling in love but can’t really<br />

explain what’s going on.<br />

I started up the <strong>RH</strong> operation in a cosy Paris office<br />

with no window and stowed a test seat in my car.<br />

It was then time to embark on a mission of salvation<br />

in a market where ergonomics were simply not<br />

on the agenda. At Orgatec, I made contact with an<br />

office furniture retailer who offered to add <strong>RH</strong> to<br />

its product range. After that, the business grew on<br />

reputation, hard work, share of passion and exclusive<br />

solutions. We have achieved double-digit growth<br />

every year since the outset – something that is, of<br />

course, easy at the beginning. Today, there are 19 of<br />

us and the possibilities remain endless. Given how<br />

huge the French market is, <strong>RH</strong> can grow even larger.<br />

People are more aware of the need for ergonomics<br />

in French workplaces these days – although much<br />

remains to be done.”<br />

evolution<br />

54


I think it’s cool that people<br />

living in a country where<br />

the weather is bad almost all<br />

the time, are so positive and<br />

take care of each other so well.<br />

You do not feel as though you<br />

work at <strong>RH</strong> by chance.<br />

You feel chosen.<br />

Olgica Pezin<br />

evolution<br />

55


<strong>RH</strong> and sustainability<br />

<strong>RH</strong> was one of the industry’s pioneers in sustainability<br />

work, largely due to Lasse Holstensson’s<br />

personal commitment and environmental interest.<br />

The operations were certified according to IS0 9001<br />

as early as 1997 and shortly thereafter, environmental<br />

certification followed in accordance with ISO<br />

14001, in 1999. Lasse’s principle was that an <strong>RH</strong><br />

chair should be as easy to disassemble for recycling<br />

as it was to assemble. In collaboration with an innovative<br />

manufacturer in Kristianstad, <strong>RH</strong> managed<br />

to replace all harmful plastics with environmentally<br />

friendly and degradable polypropylene. With backrests<br />

and seats that could easily be removed and replaced<br />

– because none of the fabrics were glued – it<br />

was easy to extend the life of the chair. Parts subject<br />

to wear and tear, such as wheels and armrests could<br />

be ordered as spare parts. Contemporary <strong>RH</strong> chairs<br />

retain all of these features and are designed for a<br />

circular flow with a high degree of recycling. They<br />

are also adapted to new requirements in the form<br />

of the Nordic Swan ecolabel and Environmental<br />

Product Declarations (EPD) which measure carbon<br />

footprint.<br />

evolution<br />

56


The upholstery on an <strong>RH</strong> chair is attached with a patented upholstery<br />

method. The carefully placed and sewn seams keep the fabric in<br />

place for years of intensive use. In this way, we avoid using glue that<br />

can contain harmful substances, while facilitating re-upholstering or<br />

disassembly in connection with recycling.<br />

evolution<br />

57


From family business to<br />

matrix organisation, 2007–2017<br />

The start of the new millennium was tough. The end<br />

of the ‘dot-com boom’ affected investors’ willingness<br />

to invest and <strong>RH</strong>’s profitability deteriorated drastically.<br />

For the first time, it was necessary to lay people<br />

off. In 2003, Peter Eklund took over as CEO. At the<br />

same time, Berndt Axelsson, today Vice President<br />

Legal & Risk and Managing Director of Flokk, joined<br />

company management. “Together, we developed<br />

a business and marketing plan with the target<br />

of achieving a turnover of SEK 400 million in 2008.<br />

We reached that target a year early,” says Berndt Axelsson.<br />

In 2006, the Board made a decision to try and sell<br />

the company. In December 2006, <strong>RH</strong> was acquired<br />

by investment company Ratos, which also acquired<br />

RBM of Denmark at the same time. The integration<br />

process commenced immediately and later that year,<br />

HÅG of Norway was also acquired. The result was<br />

an international group providing office and work<br />

chairs, as well as meeting and conference furniture.<br />

In 2015 BMA of the Netherlands joined the family,<br />

followed in 2016 by Malmstolen, and in 2017 by the<br />

latest company to be acquired, Offect and Giroflex.<br />

Since 2015 the entire group has been owned by investment<br />

company Triton.<br />

With more brands in the group, the product portfolio<br />

has also broadened, and with that, the group’s<br />

strength in various projects and procurement. “The<br />

<strong>RH</strong> brand has also benefited by belonging to the<br />

group through access to increased resources for product<br />

development. <strong>RH</strong> has also gained access to a<br />

significantly larger market than previously.”<br />

When <strong>RH</strong> became a part of Scandinavian Business<br />

Seating in 2007, the door to the world was finally<br />

opened. Today, <strong>RH</strong> is represented on all continents<br />

through its own subsidiaries in Denmark, Germany,<br />

the Netherlands, the UK, France, Switzerland,<br />

Singapore, Hong Kong, China, Australia and New<br />

Zealand, or through retailers and agents. For Nässjö’s<br />

part, the 2009 decision to move RBM’s production<br />

from Denmark to Nässjö has meant a lot. The<br />

group has also invested heavily in the Nässjö site,<br />

including in the form of new logistics and production.<br />

From 2016 BMA is also produced in Nässjö.<br />

“We have been good at deriving synergies, while<br />

developing a highly competitive business model.<br />

Our strategy is to collaborate with skilled subcontractors<br />

who have the capacity to deliver ‘just in<br />

time’, and professional retailers. In this way, we can<br />

concentrate on doing what we are good at – innova-<br />

evolution<br />

58


tive product development.” Faithful to habit, <strong>RH</strong>’s<br />

subcontractors are largely found in the immediate<br />

area. Today, <strong>RH</strong> also has quality-oriented suppliers<br />

in many parts of Europe, although accessibility and<br />

close relationships are prioritised. “<strong>RH</strong> had the strength<br />

to restructure and set new targets when the<br />

dot-com bubble burst, which hit the office furniture<br />

segment hard in the early 2000s. When Ratos then<br />

entered and <strong>RH</strong> became part of a larger group, it<br />

was also possible to transition from being a family<br />

business to being a matrix organisation. Within<br />

<strong>RH</strong>, we have always had the insight that we are part<br />

of a larger whole – and that is invaluable!”<br />

<strong>RH</strong>’s production plant in Nässjö is high-tech, with logistics lines across the ceiling and several manufacturing patents that increase efficiency and quality. Capacity permits<br />

delivery of a chair every 30 seconds, corresponding to 4,800 chairs a week with daytime shifts. A chair from <strong>RH</strong> is still the product of human hands. Quality is assured by<br />

the employees’ knowledge and craftsmanship.<br />

evolution<br />

59


The way companies are run in the southern<br />

Sweden province of Småland<br />

is unique.<br />

When the investment company Ratos acquired <strong>RH</strong> in 2007, it was with the vision of creating a leading<br />

international group in ergonomic seating. “<strong>RH</strong> was unique in many ways. A company with a<br />

strong entrepreneurial drive, a clear business concept and a willingness to grow,” says Thomas<br />

Hofvenstam, Investment Advisory Professional at Triton, which owns today’s Flokk.<br />

At that time, Thomas Hofvenstam was responsible<br />

for investments at Ratos, meaning he has now followed<br />

<strong>RH</strong>’s development for a decade.<br />

“<strong>RH</strong> was attractive for many reasons. First and foremost,<br />

the company had a pronounced ergonomic<br />

strategy and would never compromise that. It was<br />

also able to offer the market its own unique solutions.<br />

<strong>RH</strong> understood ergonomics and was passionate<br />

about its concept – and this permeated the<br />

entire company. In Scandinavia, we are known for<br />

being at the forefront of ergonomics and <strong>RH</strong> was,<br />

and is, an important part of that heritage.”<br />

operations and concept are very good qualities for<br />

those who want to embark on an international journey<br />

of growth. In <strong>RH</strong>, I also saw a willingness and<br />

ability to assume responsibility, which is very valuable.”<br />

Not all companies within Flokk are located in Småland.<br />

But they have all been family-run companies,<br />

acquired from second-generation business leaders.<br />

“We have been entrusted with leading and further<br />

developing them – and in that process, the spirit of<br />

entrepreneurship is an invaluable asset.”<br />

Thomas Hofvenstam had previously invested in<br />

other companies in Småland and saw many advantages<br />

in <strong>RH</strong>’s origins and entrepreneurial spirit.<br />

“The Småland way of running companies, with efficient<br />

business management and a clear link between<br />

evolution<br />

60


evolution<br />

61


However, anything can be improved. Functions can<br />

be made even more efficient and controls even easier<br />

to handle. Form and design can be customised to<br />

the time and context,” says Jan Tore. In terms of the<br />

design language in particular, <strong>RH</strong> is typically Scandinavian.<br />

“Form follows function”.<br />

Jan Tore Iversen<br />

VP Brand & Product Management <strong>RH</strong><br />

<strong>RH</strong> in the future<br />

“<strong>RH</strong>’s success is based on our being faithful<br />

to our original concept. Our honesty.”<br />

<strong>RH</strong>’s future will be all about evolution; building on<br />

the unique features of <strong>RH</strong> chairs and further improving<br />

them. Jan Tore, sees a new future for ergonomic<br />

office chairs. The human body has not changed<br />

over the past 40 years. But how we work has. “The<br />

<strong>RH</strong> concept entails providing good support when<br />

seated, while maintaining freedom of movement.<br />

An <strong>RH</strong> chair is a tool that helps you work more<br />

efficiently. Preferably, you should feel a bit better<br />

when you leave work than when you arrived. This<br />

notion works – and we do not intend to change it.<br />

One of <strong>RH</strong>’s success factors is that we have been<br />

faithful to our original concept. We have been clear<br />

and honest about putting ergonomics and function<br />

first. Over the past ten years, we have engaged external<br />

designers in the process of strengthening the<br />

aesthetic expression. But this will never be achieved<br />

at the expense of ergonomics. An <strong>RH</strong> chair should<br />

adapt to the user, not the reverse. For that reason, it<br />

will always have numerous settings options. There<br />

will always be buttons and levers protruding from<br />

an <strong>RH</strong> chair.<br />

The fact that working life is changing, with a smaller<br />

number of office workstations being shared by several<br />

people, and with more meeting places, does not<br />

mean that the classic office chair is out of fashion.<br />

“But this does impose even greater demands on the<br />

chairs being easy to adjust and adapt to the individual.<br />

We have also reduced the weight, so they are<br />

easier to move. In purely visual terms, it is about<br />

creating a chair that works in these open environments,”<br />

says Jan Tore. Multiple meeting spaces also<br />

open up for new applications. If you are conferencing<br />

a whole day, uncomfortable conference chairs<br />

and stackable solutions for large groups will not<br />

evolution<br />

62


work. Here, <strong>RH</strong> can contribute its knowledge to<br />

create more ergonomic solutions that make long<br />

periods of sitting more enjoyable. Belonging to the<br />

Flokk Group enables new opportunities.<br />

At the same time, good sitting ergonomics have<br />

become even more important for those who do<br />

actually have to sit when working. The proportion<br />

of employees working in IT, programming, CAD<br />

design and other screen-dependent tasks is increasing.<br />

<strong>RH</strong> has been highly successful among Swedish<br />

game development companies, who choose <strong>RH</strong>’s<br />

chairs precisely because of their superior ergonomics.<br />

At the same time, <strong>RH</strong>’s strong position on sustainability<br />

issues is an asset that facilitates the development<br />

of new circular business solutions.<br />

“Our capacity to meet customers’ demands for sustainability<br />

will be crucial. There is an entirely new<br />

awareness in the market. The new decision-makers,<br />

born in the 80’s and 90’s, have other values. They<br />

demand sustainability, usability and for furniture to<br />

last longer.”<br />

“Increased ill health in Europe demonstrates that<br />

the issue of ergonomics has in no way been put on<br />

ice. Thinking preventively is more current than ever,”<br />

says Jan Tore. “Here, we have exciting opportunities<br />

to integrate new, smart technology into our chairs.<br />

Technology that helps create a more varied seating<br />

experience and tells you when it’s time to change<br />

position. Because it is precisely that variation which<br />

is so beneficial for the human body. Sit for a while.<br />

Stand for a while. Walk for a while.”<br />

evolution<br />

63


1977. <strong>RH</strong> 190.<br />

<strong>RH</strong>’s very first series<br />

of chairs and at the<br />

time a market innovation<br />

– The seat height<br />

angle was completely<br />

adjustable. The series<br />

was then developed<br />

into the Maxi program<br />

with a focus on<br />

industrial and laboratory<br />

environments.*<br />

1978. <strong>RH</strong> Support.<br />

A series of chairs<br />

with sit and stand<br />

support. The oldest<br />

product still in the<br />

product portfolio.<br />

1991. Logic 4.*<br />

1994. <strong>RH</strong> 3X. A chair<br />

with three functions all<br />

controlled by one lever<br />

(hence the name), available<br />

with three different<br />

backrest choices. Further<br />

on it was developed<br />

into the <strong>RH</strong> Activ.*<br />

1977<br />

1978<br />

1984<br />

1987<br />

1991<br />

1994<br />

1995<br />

1977. <strong>RH</strong> 170.<br />

A larger version of<br />

the <strong>RH</strong> 190, with a<br />

sliding seat, adjustable<br />

seat angle and<br />

tilt function.*<br />

1984. <strong>RH</strong> 2000.<br />

An innovative<br />

chair with advanced<br />

adjustment<br />

options, making it<br />

simple and intuitive<br />

using only one<br />

lever.*<br />

1987. <strong>RH</strong> Logic. With this<br />

chair <strong>RH</strong>’s two-point principle<br />

philosophy (the 2PP) was<br />

founded. The chair follows the<br />

body›s own movements in the<br />

knee and hip joints. Developed<br />

with inspiration from Professor<br />

Tvedt.*<br />

1995. <strong>RH</strong> Support<br />

Update.<br />

evolution<br />

64


1999.<br />

<strong>RH</strong> Moveon. A modern<br />

variant of the <strong>RH</strong> Logic,<br />

with a flexible back.*<br />

2005. <strong>RH</strong> Logic<br />

Update.<br />

2010. <strong>RH</strong> Activ<br />

Update.<br />

An aesthetic<br />

update, including<br />

a newly designed<br />

mechanism.<br />

2013. <strong>RH</strong> Mereo.<br />

A further development<br />

of <strong>RH</strong>’s core<br />

values for a modern<br />

chair, featuring a<br />

new mechanism<br />

and intuitive<br />

adjustments.<br />

1999<br />

2001<br />

2005<br />

2007<br />

2010<br />

2013<br />

2015<br />

1999. <strong>RH</strong> Activ.*<br />

2001. <strong>RH</strong> Extend.<br />

Visually similar to<br />

the <strong>RH</strong> Moveon but<br />

with easier features<br />

and mechanism.<br />

2007. <strong>RH</strong> Ambio.<br />

The first fully recyclable<br />

chair with<br />

a unique padding<br />

material, Ventec,<br />

made of tagel and<br />

crude rubber.*<br />

<strong>RH</strong> Visit.<br />

<strong>RH</strong> Session.<br />

<strong>RH</strong> Lounge.<br />

evolution<br />

65<br />

2015.<br />

<strong>RH</strong> Logic Elite.<br />

*produkten har utgått.


Designed for Human Performance<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> chairs are developed in collaboration with<br />

talented Scandinavian industrial designers. Our<br />

designs always have the person who is going to<br />

sit in the chair in focus – you could say, that it<br />

is a humanistic way of designing.<br />

• The chairs are a unique blend of form and<br />

ergonomic function, where function is always<br />

a priority.<br />

• <strong>RH</strong> chairs are also extremely good at equalising<br />

weight over a larger area of contact and at<br />

transporting heat and moisture away from<br />

the body.<br />

• The smooth and frictionless movement ensures<br />

that you will experience perfect harmony between<br />

comfort, support, and active sitting.<br />

• Distinct lumbar support to ensure upright posture<br />

and relief.<br />

• Tapered back shape allows movement for arms<br />

and shoulders.<br />

• Tvedt-cushion between the shoulder blades<br />

stimulates an open and upright posture.<br />

• Waterfall front reduces pressure on the underside<br />

of the thighs.<br />

• The rear edge of the seat is raised to orient<br />

the pelvis forward to give excellent support.<br />

evolution<br />

66


evolution<br />

67


We would never have<br />

achieved this success<br />

without our loyal and<br />

dedicated staff.<br />

Lasse Holstensson<br />

evolution<br />

68


Tripled sales<br />

Under the management of the Holstensson brothers,<br />

sales rose from SEK 100 million to SEK 312<br />

million at the turn of the millennium. This growth<br />

was the result of intensified product development,<br />

export initiatives, increasing market shares at home<br />

– and a great deal of hard work. Peter was responsible<br />

for advertising and marketing, and made <strong>RH</strong><br />

well-known through a range of innovative features.<br />

<strong>RH</strong> appeared on hoardings, at sporting events, in<br />

the newspapers and on the Stockholm Metro.<br />

One of the most successful campaigns was run in the<br />

metropolitan newspapers and local press in 2000,<br />

inviting customers to borrow an <strong>RH</strong> chair for free to<br />

experience the benefits of the chair for themselves.<br />

Interest was huge. <strong>RH</strong> had to deliver 600 chairs in<br />

just a few weeks. A few months later, the dot-com<br />

crash hit.<br />

526<br />

Turnover (mill SEK)<br />

Number of Emplyees<br />

101<br />

374<br />

117<br />

92<br />

245<br />

2<br />

1,2<br />

50,6<br />

28<br />

90,4<br />

47<br />

175<br />

1977 1987 1992 1997 2008 2016<br />

73<br />

1980<br />

1990 2000 2010 2020<br />

evolution<br />

69


evolution<br />

70


You should feel a bit better<br />

when you leave work than<br />

when you arrived.<br />

Jörgen Josefsson<br />

evolution<br />

71


Photo:<br />

Hasse Bengtsson<br />

Sven Danielsson<br />

Carl-Johan Wilson<br />

Jonas Lindström<br />

Charles Sturge<br />

Print:<br />

DanagårdLiTHO

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