Rapport om udvinding og eksport af uran - Naalakkersuisut.gl

4 Rapport om udvinding og eksport af uran
Indhold
Kapitel 1 Resumé....................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Kapitel 2 Indledning ............................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Kapitel 3 Uran og minedrift................................................................................................................................................................. 10
3.1 Urans anvendelsesformer..................................................................................................................................... 10
3.2 Forskellige faser af uranudvinding fra efterforskning til lukning af minen............................. 11
3.3 Uranforekomster i Grønland................................................................................................................................ 12
3.4 Fra uranmalm til yellow-cake – gennemgang af hovedprincipper ............................................ 14
3.5 Udvinding af uran ved Kvanefjeld.................................................................................................................... 16
Kapitel 4
Udenrigs-, forsvarsog
sikkerhedspolitiske implikationer af udvinding og eksport
af uran......................................................................................................................................................................................... 17
Kapitel 5 Regulering vedrørende udenrigsanliggender.................................................................................................... 20
Kapitel 6 Internationale retningslinjer vedr. uranudvinding og eksport................................................................ 24
6.1 Ikke-spredning og eksportkontrol................................................................................................................... 27
6.2 Safeguards....................................................................................................................................................................... 28
6.3 Eksportkontrol.............................................................................................................................................................. 30
6.4 Sikkerhed (Safety) – strålebeskyttelse og miljø ift. radioaktivitet................................................. 34
6.5 Sikring .............................................................................................................................................................................. 39
6.6 Transport......................................................................................................................................................................... 42
Kapitel 7 Andre landes erfaringer................................................................................................................................................... 44
7.1 Overordnet regulering (IAEA, EURATOM) .................................................................................................. 45
7.2 IAEA safeguards og eksportkontrolsystemer........................................................................................... 47
7.3 Sikkerhed (Safety) – Miljø, Strålingssikkerhed og Transport ........................................................... 51
7.4 Opsummering af nødvendige foranstaltninger og lovgivning
om uranminedrift og uranudvinding............................................................................................................. 54
Kapitel 8 Lovgivning og regulering ............................................................................................................................................... 56
8.1 Ikke-spredning og eksportkontrol .................................................................................................................. 56
8.2 Safeguards....................................................................................................................................................................... 59
8.3 Sikkerhed (Safety) – strålebeskyttelse, nuklear sikkerhed og beredskab................................ 61
8.4 Transport......................................................................................................................................................................... 66
8.5 Miljø .................................................................................................................................................................................... 70
8.6 Opsummering............................................................................................................................................................... 76