procesi - archunion.ge
procesi - archunion.ge
procesi - archunion.ge
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
Zalauflebis arqiteqturuli gaformeba<br />
1. arqiteqturuli istoria<br />
gadavinacvloT droSi da SevecadoT<br />
warmovidginoT dedamiwa adamianTa civilizaciis<br />
erT-erTi gamobrwyineba-Zveli egvipte,<br />
kolosaluri arqiteqtura, romlis<br />
TvalsaCinoeba da STabeWdileba gamsWvalulia<br />
dRemde amoucnobi idumalebiT.<br />
warmovidginoT faraonis kari, mogvTa krebuli<br />
da maT Soris upirvelesi-xuroTmoZRvari,<br />
arqiteqtori... romlis pirvelobis safuZvelia<br />
misi yovlismomcveli inteleqti da<br />
garSemomyofTaTvis Seucnobeli RvTaebriv-<br />
SemoqmedebiTi energia...<br />
gavixsenoT Zveli indoeTi, saberZneTi, romicivilizaciebi,<br />
razedac kacobriobas, upirveles<br />
yovlisa, maTi arqiteqturiT SeuZlia msjeloba.<br />
Sua saukuneebis evropuli goTika -eklesiebi,<br />
romelTac Tavisuflad moer<strong>ge</strong>baT epiTeti-<br />
"xelTuqmneli", radgan Zneli warmosad<strong>ge</strong>nia<br />
ubralo momakvdavT, Tundac uaRresad daxvewil<br />
xelosan-qvismTlelT, mxolod adamianuri<br />
ZalisxmeviT SeeqmnaT isini, Tuara<br />
xuroTmoZRvarTa RvTiuri STagoneba da<br />
<strong>ge</strong>netikuri SemoqmedebiTi potenciali.<br />
dRevandeli civilizaciuri samyaro, rac<br />
gamoxatulia ubrwyinvalesi da udidebulesi<br />
arqiteqturiT, inarCunebs gansakuTrebul<br />
mokrZalebas arqiteqtorebisadmi, radgan iseve,<br />
rogorc istoriul epoqebSi, dRevandel civilizebul<br />
adamianebSi, maTi Semoqmedeba bolomde<br />
gauTviTcnobierebeli rCeba.<br />
2. arqiteqtura da leninur-stalinuri<br />
reJimi<br />
modi Tvali gadavavloT sabWoTa qveynis nawilis<br />
uaxloes istorias arqiteqturul<br />
aspeqtSi...<br />
gasuli saukunis ociani wlebis arqiteqtura,<br />
inteleqtualur-revuluciuri suliskveTebis,<br />
istoriulobis kompleqsisagan<br />
ganTavisuflebuli SemoqmedebiTobis gamo,<br />
moixsenieba, rogorc gmiruli periodi arqiteqturis<br />
ganviTarebis istoriaSi.<br />
gamarjvebuli proletariatisaTvis, anu maTi<br />
beladebisaTvis, revoluciuri arqiteqtura<br />
ucxo, miuRebeli da gau<strong>ge</strong>bari aRmoCnda upirveles<br />
yovlisa, inteleqtualurobis, sisadavis da<br />
gulwrfelobis gamo... paradoqsia... im periodSi<br />
arqiteqturis mniSvneloba daCrdila meoce<br />
saukunis pirmSom, axaldabadebulma kinematografma.<br />
albaT, bevr Tbilisels axsovs<br />
rusTavelis saxelobis konoTeatrSi, ekranis<br />
siaxloves gakeTebuli warwera leniniseuli<br />
sentenciisa, "xelovnebis dar<strong>ge</strong>bs Soris<br />
CvenTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovania kino!".<br />
leninis saqmis ganmgrZobma, msoflio xalxTa<br />
beladma- ioseb stalinma ar daukarga kinos<br />
favori komunisturi sazogadoebis mSeneblobis<br />
procesSi: yoveli axali filmi sakavSiro<br />
ekranze gamosvlis win, mas unda exila.<br />
armowonebis SemTxvevaSi arTvevinebda "Capaevs"<br />
saubrebi arqiteqturaze<br />
da misi xilvis Semdeg, mTeli sxeulis<br />
SemobrunebiT, damswreT mimarTavda: " ai, rogor<br />
unda filmebis gadaReba!". am sityvebiT filmis<br />
bedi gadawyvetili iyo, mas sakavSiro ekranze<br />
veRaravin ixilavda.<br />
SorsmWvretel da gamWriax belads, mxolod<br />
kinematografi ver daakmayofilebda, radgan is,<br />
rac unda mizanmimarTuli zemoqmedebisa yofiliyo<br />
farTo masebze, mainc efemeruli iyo Tavis<br />
safuZvelSi.<br />
diqtatoris gandidebis da misi reJimis srulfasovani<br />
propagandisTvis saWiro iyo ufro<br />
mkvidri da uryevi, didebul-STambeWdavi<br />
xelovneba, rasac arqiteqtura warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns.<br />
beladis, mamisa da maswavleblis miTiTebiT,<br />
yvela mniSvnelovani arqiteqturuli proeqti<br />
kremlSi mihqondaT masTan SesaTanxmeblad.<br />
rodesac arqiteqtor rCusevis sastumro<br />
"moskvas" proeqti SeutaniaT, stalins<br />
eCqareboda, Tu Taviseburad, mzakvruli xumrobis<br />
xasiaTze iyo, aravin icis, fasadis<br />
planSetze egreve daudia dadebiTi rezolucia.<br />
arqiteqtors mTavari fasadi gayofili hqonia<br />
warmosaxviTi xaziT da Senobis ori kidura<br />
wingamoweuli pilonirebuli nawili, sxvadasxva<br />
variantiT hqonda damuSavebuli, razec belads<br />
gafrTxileba ver gaubedes... mixvdnen, rom<br />
arqiteqturuli zeSTagonebis variantuloba<br />
beladisaTvis miuRebeli iqneboda.<br />
sastumro "moskva" aSenda gansxvavebuli kidura<br />
pilonebiT, risi SemCneva SeuZliaT imaTac,<br />
vinc Tavis dReSi moskovSi ar yofila, magram<br />
unaxavs aray "stoliCnaias" etiketze sastumro<br />
"moskvas" mTavari fasadi maneJis moednis mxridan.<br />
dResdReobiT stalinuri arqiteqtura, rogorc<br />
arqiteqturuli azrovnebis ganviTarebis istoriuli<br />
etapi, seriozuli ganxilvis sagans warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns<br />
xelovnebaTmcodneobaSi.<br />
3. arqiteqtura da nikita xruSCovi<br />
sabWoTa reJimis poststalinur periodSi,<br />
sabWouri beladizmis karikaturulma gamoxatvam-nikita<br />
xruSCovma, mTeli Tavisi meRoruli<br />
temperamenti stalinis namoRvawari sabWouri,<br />
imperiuli grandiozulobis da arqiteqturis ,<br />
rogorc am grandiozulobis gamomxatveli<br />
xelovnebis dargis, ganadgurebas moaxmara. unda<br />
iTqvas, rom man bevrs miaRwia: didebul qalbaton<br />
arqiteqturas namusi axada, ase vTqvaT, gaaupatiura<br />
is da yvelasTvis xelwamosakravi gaxada.<br />
Semdgom wlebSi, brwyinvale qalbatonma,isev<br />
moipova elitaruli adgili sabWouri<br />
xelovnebis sxvadasxva dargs Soris, magram, didi<br />
iliasi ar iyos-"es is Tamro aRar iyo"- sabWour<br />
sazogadoebriv azrSi mas erTxel ukve dakarguli<br />
hqonda is idumali Seuvaloba, riTac "gau-<br />
patiurebamde" amayobda.<br />
4. arqiteqtura- sazogadoebrivi dakveTis<br />
produqti<br />
zemoT naxseneb yvela istoriul da<br />
dRevandel civilizebul sazogadoebaSi, arqiteqturas<br />
yovelTvis hyavda da hyavs damkveTi,<br />
sazogadoebis yvelaze metad iniciativiani<br />
socialuri fena, ase vTqvaT, "mmarTveli klasi".<br />
totalitaruli reJimis pirobebSi, arqiteqturis<br />
damkveTad gvevlineboda mxolod da<br />
mxolod erTpirovnuli mmarTveli-beladi, diqtatori.<br />
sabWoTa imperiis poststalinur<br />
periodSi arqiteqturas damkveTi aRar hyavda,<br />
masivebis tipuri binebis macxovreblebs is ar<br />
sWirdebodaT. xelmZRvaneli struqturebis, Tu<br />
favorituli inteli<strong>ge</strong>nciis warmomad<strong>ge</strong>nlebs ki<br />
sWirdebodaT imdenad, ramdenadac ucxouri<br />
informaciiT ga<strong>ge</strong>buli hqondaT rom arsebobs<br />
aseTi xelovnebis dargi, Tumca, misi arsi veravis<br />
gaego.. da Tuki vinme iyo, visac marTla ainteresebda<br />
"arqiteqtura", es iyvnen TviT profesionali<br />
arqiteqtorebi, -poststalinuri sabWoTa<br />
arqiteqtura arsebobda mxolod ucxouri<br />
informaciis safuZvelze da xasiaTdeboda<br />
ukiduresi TviTmiznurobiT...<br />
dRes, sabWouri reJimis saboloo dangrevis<br />
Semdeg, Cveni qveyana SeuerTda msoflio civilizebul<br />
sivrces, rogorc damoukidebeli saxelmwifo,<br />
rac imas niSnavs, rom man unda ganicados<br />
dasavleTTan ekonomikuri integracia da<br />
gaiziaros dasavleTis mier miRebuli sazogadoebriv-politikuri<br />
TamaSis wesebi,<br />
romelTagan umTavresia, sazogadoebis<br />
TiToeuli wevris piradi iniciativis gamovlenis<br />
uzrunvelyofa... Tanasworuflebianobis<br />
pirobebi...<br />
qalaqis masivebis tipiur binebSi<br />
Camoyalibebuli mentalitetis mqone dRevandel<br />
macxovrebels Tanasworuflebianoba esmis, ara<br />
rogorc Tanabari Sansi cxovrebaSi<br />
keTildReobis misaRwevad, aramed, rogorc qonebrivi<br />
da saTanado fsiqologiuri nivelireba: "<br />
imas ratom unda hqondes Cemze meti?!" is, rom<br />
adamianebi erTmaneTisgan gansxvavdebian metnaklebad,<br />
sulierebiT, SemoqmedebiTi energiiT,<br />
iniciativobiT, Tu warmod<strong>ge</strong>nis unariT- amis<br />
gagonebac ar surT. is, rom erTs SesaZlebelia<br />
hqondes ufro meti moTxovnileba, esTetikur<br />
xarisxSi aiyvanos Tavisi cxovreba, vidre sxvases<br />
maTTvis gau<strong>ge</strong>baria... grZnoben, rom im saucxoo<br />
mSvenierebas, rasac arqiteqtura hqvia, verasodes<br />
gaiTaviseben da gaRizianebas da brma<br />
agresiulobas iCenen yovelive SemoqmedebiTis,<br />
anu gansxvavebulis da jerarnaxulis mimarTrac<br />
ase TvalsaCinod aisaxeba dRevandel<br />
qarTul masmediaSi.<br />
arqiteqtori Temo boWoriSvili<br />
3 # 2 (10)<br />
10.12.08<br />
Architecture<br />
<strong>procesi</strong>
Change language