Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (1992) - Department of Botany ...

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Table of Contents [NOTE: numbers on this page are accurate to the contents of this PDF, but are different than page numbers in the original document due to changes in formatting while converting the document] Introduction 1 Geology 2 Vegetation types 7 Current programs and projects in the Guianas 7 Explanation of checklist and editorial notes 8 Acknowledgements 10 General References 11 Checklist by Division Chlorophyta (Charophyceae only) - Stoneworts 13 Hepatophyta - Liverworts 14 Anthocerophyta - Hornworts 27 Bryophyta - Mosses 28 Psilotophyta - Psilopsids 39 Lycophyta - Lycophytes 39 Pterophyta - Ferns 41 Coniferophyta – Conifers 60 Cycadophyta - Cycads 61 Gnetophyta - Gnetophytes 61 Anthophyta - Flowering Plants Dicotyledones - Dicots 62 Monocotyledones - Monocots 271 Appendices A. Addresses of Contributors and Reviewers 331 B. Genus Index 338 C. Family Index 361
Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam and French Guiana) INTRODUCTION This checklist is a preliminary listing of the known vascular plants (flowering plants, gnetophytes, cycads, conifers, ferns and fern allies) and bryophytes (mosses, hornworts, liverworts) from the "Guianas". Our knowledge of the algae is insufficient to enable us to produce a species list at this time; however, we have included the Characeae (stoneworts) of the macroalgae because the information was easily available. This checklist excludes lichens and fungi, which are usually classified together under fungi and are not plants in the strict sense. A checklist of the lichens reported from the Guianas before 1987 has been published (Hekking and Sipman 1988) and hopefully, a list of all the fungal groups will be forthcoming. This checklist is an attempt to list all of the vascular plants and bryophytes of the Guianas in an effort to encourage further research. Checklists have many uses. They can aid in identifications, although new species and new records are always a possibility. In addition, checklists tell us how many organisms of a certain kind are in a particular area which can give us an idea of the species richness. Checklists can act as an indicator of endemicity within an area and provide information on the number of introduced species. They can be used in a comparative manner between and among areas. If they cover a natural area (one that has biotic or geologic significance) they can be used to formulate questions about centers of origin and evolutionary history. In addition, a checklist is a way to help standardize spelling and authors and to promote accurate labeling of specimens. Checklists, however, reflect our knowledge at a particular time and our current taxonomic opinions and so their usefulness is tempered by the knowledge that they are never 100% correct and that the list will be constantly changing. For instance, we are sure that this list contains incorrect synonomies, records based on misidentifications, that additional species remain to be added, and that many species have not yet been described or even discovered. However, this type of "snapshot" is valuable because it provides a way of focusing and stimulating work in the area. In order to help us keep this checklist as current as possible, please contact the Director, Biological Diversity of the Guianas Program, with any additions or corrections. The northeastern shoulder of South America along the Atlantic coast is commonly known as "The Guianas" and consists of three political areas (Map 1) with a total area of about 500,000 sq. km. The westernmost political entity is Guyana, formerly known as British Guiana, which has 800,000 inhabitants and an area of 231,800 sq. km. To the east of Guyana is Surinam, formerly known as Dutch Guiana, with 400,000 inhabitants and 173,840 sq. km. The easternmost is French Guiana, an 1
Page 1 and 2: CHECKLIST of the PLANTS of the GUIA
Page 3: J. Boggan, V. Funk, C. Kelloff Biol
Page 7 and 8: MAP 1. The Guianas. 3
Page 9 and 10: MAP 2. The Guiana Shield (McConnell
Page 11 and 12: (Doyle 1912). Their unique flora an
Page 13 and 14: Author abbreviations follow Stafleu
Page 15 and 16: GENERAL REFERENCES Cremers, G., C.
Page 17 and 18: Characeae CHLOROPHYTA-CHAROPHYCEAE
Page 19 and 20: Calypogeiaceae Calypogeia G caespit
Page 21 and 22: G FG juniperoideus (Swartz) Grolle
Page 23 and 24: FG tenuicornis (Evans) Steph. G S F
Page 25 and 26: Mastigolejeunea G S FG auriculata (
Page 27 and 28: G campanense Spruce ex Reim. G gran
Page 29 and 30: G S FG rutilans Lindenb. S semi-amp
Page 31 and 32: Dendrocerotaceae Dendroceros G S FG
Page 33 and 34: Calymperaceae Calymperes G S FG afz
Page 35 and 36: G S FG prionodes Mont. G S FG radic
Page 37 and 38: G S FG crispum C. Müll. G giganteu
Page 39 and 40: Phyllogoniaceae Phyllogonium G S FG
Page 41 and 42: Sphagnaceae Sphagnum G S cuspidatum
Page 43 and 44: Psilotaceae Psilotum G S FG nudum (
Page 45 and 46: References: Alston, A.H.G., A.C. Je
Page 47 and 48: Blechnaceae Blechnum G S FG aspleni
Page 49 and 50: G semilunata (C. Chr.) C. Chr. G sp
Page 51 and 52: G S sinuosa A.R. Smith S?FG staheli
Page 53 and 54: G crinitum (L.) Christ G cuspidatum
Page 55 and 56:
G S FG fuscosquamatum Lellinger FG
Page 57 and 58:
S hirta (L.) Swartz G S oblongifoli
Page 59 and 60:
Woodsiaceae Diplazium S FG celtidif
Page 61 and 62:
Dryopteris leprieurii (Hook.) Kuntz
Page 63 and 64:
Stigmatopteris guianensis (Klotzsch
Page 65 and 66:
Zamiaceae References: CYCADOPHYTA (
Page 67 and 68:
G S FG comata (L.) Lam. FG divergen
Page 69 and 70:
Aizoaceae Sesuvium G S FG portulaca
Page 71 and 72:
G S FG spruceanum Benth. Synonyms:
Page 73 and 74:
S insignis R.E. Fries G? maguirei R
Page 75 and 76:
Eryngium G S FG foetidum L. Hydroco
Page 77 and 78:
FG baehniana Monachino Macoubea G S
Page 79 and 80:
Macoubea reticulata (A. DC.) Markgr
Page 81 and 82:
Schefflera G ayangannensis Maguire,
Page 83 and 84:
G stellata (Vell.) Fourn. Gonolobus
Page 85 and 86:
G S FG conyzoides L. [introduced] S
Page 87 and 88:
G S FG macrophyllum (L.) DC. Hetero
Page 89 and 90:
G asper (L.) Hill. Sphagneticola G
Page 91 and 92:
Stenopadus condensatus (Baker) Blak
Page 93 and 94:
Bignoniaceae (contributed by A.H. G
Page 95 and 96:
G S FG obovata (Kunth) Bureau & K.
Page 97 and 98:
Gentry, A.H. 1978. Bignoniaceae. In
Page 99 and 100:
Boraginaceae (reviewed by C. Feuill
Page 101 and 102:
G roraimensis Steyerm. & Maguire G
Page 103 and 104:
Opuntia S FG cochenillifera (L.) Mi
Page 105 and 106:
G? rotundifolia (Pers.) Greene [com
Page 107 and 108:
G jenmanii (Gleason) Sandw. G limba
Page 109 and 110:
G FG oblanceolata Sandw. oblonga Be
Page 111 and 112:
Senna spruceana Benth. =Cassia spru
Page 113 and 114:
Capparis surinamensis J.C. Went =Ca
Page 115 and 116:
FG leprieurii Benoist G S FG microc
Page 117 and 118:
FG guianensis Aubl. FG somnolens Ma
Page 119 and 120:
G latifolia Benth. ex J.D. Hook. FG
Page 121 and 122:
G savannarum Kubitzki G tereticauli
Page 123 and 124:
FG clusiaefolia G. Don G divaricata
Page 125 and 126:
FG nitidissima (L.C. Rich.) Alwan &
Page 127 and 128:
G ampla Ducke var. castanea D. Aust
Page 129 and 130:
Austin, D.F. & G.W. Staples III. 19
Page 131 and 132:
Gurania breviflora Cogn. =Gurania b
Page 133 and 134:
G FG costata Mart. ex Eichl. subsp.
Page 135 and 136:
G FG nitida G. Don FG? obtusifolia
Page 137 and 138:
Erythroxylaceae Erythroxylum G S FG
Page 139 and 140:
G S FG matourensis Aubl. G nervosus
Page 141 and 142:
G S FG diandra L. Pausandra FG ford
Page 143 and 144:
Hyeronima laxiflora (Tul.) Muell. A
Page 145 and 146:
G grandiflora Benth. G S plagiosper
Page 147 and 148:
Diplotropis FG purpurea (Rich.) Ams
Page 149 and 150:
G S FG urens (L.) DC. Muellera G S
Page 151 and 152:
Synonyms: Aeschynomene biflora (Mil
Page 153 and 154:
G S FG racemosum Jacq. Laetia G cup
Page 155 and 156:
G pittieri (Standley) L.O. Williams
Page 157 and 158:
G FG maculata (J.D. Hook.) Wiehler
Page 159 and 160:
G S FG huanucana (Loes.) A.C. Smith
Page 161 and 162:
FG subcrenatum (Benth.) Cuatrec. Sa
Page 163 and 164:
References: Steyermark, J.A. & J.L.
Page 165 and 166:
G S jenmani Mez G S FG kappleri Mez
Page 167 and 168:
G S FG guianensis Aubl. var. guiane
Page 169 and 170:
Kostermans, A.J.G.H. 1936. Lauracea
Page 171 and 172:
Eschweilera longipes (Poit.) Miers
Page 173 and 174:
Utricularia purpurea Walt. [not in
Page 175 and 176:
G S FG guyanensis Eichl. G monetari
Page 177 and 178:
G pulcherrima (Sandw.) B. Gates FG
Page 179 and 180:
S FG calophylla Adr. Juss. G S FG c
Page 181 and 182:
G S FG fasciata Jacq. G S radiata (
Page 183 and 184:
Craniolaria G annua L. References:
Page 185 and 186:
G smithii Wurdack, sp. nov. ined. G
Page 187 and 188:
G S FG acinodendron (L.) Sweet S FG
Page 189 and 190:
S FG tschudyoides Cogn. Microlicia
Page 191 and 192:
Clidemia umbonata DC. =Clidemia str
Page 193 and 194:
G?S FG surinamensis (Miq.) C. DC. G
Page 195 and 196:
G S FG cayennensis Benth. FG duckei
Page 197 and 198:
Anadenanthera G S FG peregrina (L.)
Page 199 and 200:
G S FG diplotricha C. Wright ex Sau
Page 201 and 202:
Inga commewijnensis Miq. =Inga nuda
Page 203 and 204:
G grazielae A.L. Peixoto G S FG lau
Page 205 and 206:
Poulsenia FG sp. Pseudolmedia G FG
Page 207 and 208:
Synonyms: Myristica platysperma Spr
Page 209 and 210:
Calycorectes S batavorum McVaugh G
Page 211 and 212:
S FG? leucadendron L. [cultivated;
Page 213 and 214:
Eugenia racemifera Sagot =Eugenia f
Page 215 and 216:
G lotus L. [cultivated, naturalized
Page 217 and 218:
Cespedesia amazonica Huber =Cespede
Page 219 and 220:
Jussiaea octonervia Lam. =Ludwigia
Page 221 and 222:
G S FG serrato-digitata L. G spicat
Page 223 and 224:
G S FG aduncum L. G S FG aequale Va
Page 225 and 226:
G S FG tuberculatum Jacq. G FG wach
Page 227 and 228:
G varians Engler Marathrum S FG cap
Page 229 and 230:
G pyramidalis Sprague G FG retusa B
Page 231 and 232:
S FG triangulare (Jacq.) Willd. Ref
Page 233 and 234:
Rhabdodendron crassipes (Spruce ex
Page 235 and 236:
G S capitata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. var.
Page 237 and 238:
FG calyciflora A. Rich. ex DC. G S
Page 239 and 240:
G cruzii Steyerm. G FG hypoleuca St
Page 241 and 242:
G S FG bahiensis DC. var. cornigera
Page 243 and 244:
G schomburgkii Benth. G sessilis (V
Page 245 and 246:
Tocoyena G S FG guianensis K. Schum
Page 247 and 248:
Spermacoce latifolia (Aubl.) K. Sch
Page 249 and 250:
G paradoxum Rob. Schomb. References
Page 251 and 252:
S FG pedicellaris Radlk. FG pyramid
Page 253 and 254:
G S FG longipedicellata Aubr. FG me
Page 255 and 256:
Oxythece ambelaniifolia (Sandw.) Cr
Page 257 and 258:
Stemodia G FG foliosa Benth. FG pus
Page 259 and 260:
Datura metel L. [cultivated, perhap
Page 261 and 262:
Sphenocleaceae Sphenoclea G S FG ze
Page 263 and 264:
Surianaceae Suriana FG maritima L.
Page 265 and 266:
S paniculata Mart. & Zucc. G S FG s
Page 267 and 268:
G S FG edentula Kuhlm. Celtis G S F
Page 269 and 270:
G S FG cayennensis (L.C. Rich) Vahl
Page 271 and 272:
Hekking, W.H.A. 1988. Violaceae Par
Page 273 and 274:
S FG rosea Aubl. G schomburgkiana W
Page 275 and 276:
Agavaceae Furcraea S FG foetida (L.
Page 277 and 278:
G S dioscoreoides Gleason G FG ecor
Page 279 and 280:
Philodendron tripartitum (Jacq.) Sc
Page 281 and 282:
S dahlgreniana (Bondar) Glassman, c
Page 283 and 284:
G S FG aquilega (Salisb.) Griseb. G
Page 285 and 286:
FG pusilla Mez FG rubiginosa (Brong
Page 287 and 288:
Thismia FG saulensis Maas & Maas Sy
Page 289 and 290:
Maas, P.J.M. 1985. Zingiberaceae. I
Page 291 and 292:
S FG hoppiifolius Uittien G imbrica
Page 293 and 294:
Pleurostachys S guianensis Uittien
Page 295 and 296:
Synonyms: Becquerelia divaricata (N
Page 297 and 298:
G microura Knuth G S? oblonga Gleas
Page 299 and 300:
Heliconiaceae (reviewed by P.J.M Ma
Page 301 and 302:
Liliaceae Alstroemeria FG sp. Crinu
Page 303 and 304:
G S secundum (Peters.) K. Schum. G
Page 305 and 306:
G neglecta Rchb.f. G FG pumila Lind
Page 307 and 308:
G S FG emarginata (Mey.) Hoehne Dip
Page 309 and 310:
G FG? maculata Lindl. G S nigrita L
Page 311 and 312:
G connellii Rolfe G FG crassifolia
Page 313 and 314:
S laxa (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl. Peri
Page 315 and 316:
FG sagittata (Rchb.f. & Warm.) Schl
Page 317 and 318:
Wullschlaegelia G S FG aphylla (Swa
Page 319 and 320:
Octomeria surinamensis Focke =Octom
Page 321 and 322:
Bothriochloa G S bladhii (Retz.) S.
Page 323 and 324:
G S FG pallens (Swartz) Munro ex Be
Page 325 and 326:
Parodiolyra G S lateralis (J. Presl
Page 327 and 328:
G S FG poiretiana (Schult.) Kunth F
Page 329 and 330:
Paspalum contractum Pilger =Paspalu
Page 331 and 332:
Ruppiaceae (contributed by R. Hayne
Page 333 and 334:
Velloziaceae Vellozia G tubiflora (
Page 335 and 336:
Appendix A. Addresses of contributo
Page 337 and 338:
Paul Goetghebeur Laboratory of Plan
Page 339 and 340:
Beat Ernst Leuenberger Botanischer
Page 341 and 342:
Michael Spencer United States Natio
Page 343 and 344:
Andreaea: Andreaeaceae Andropogon:
Page 345 and 346:
Bulbostylis: Cyperaceae Bulbulus: P
Page 347 and 348:
Commelinopsis: Commelinaceae Comoli
Page 349 and 350:
Doryopteris: Adiantaceae Dracontium
Page 351 and 352:
Gynandropsis: Capparaceae Gynerium:
Page 353 and 354:
Laplacea: Theaceae Laportea: Urtica
Page 355 and 356:
Meteoriopsis: Meteoriaceae Metrodor
Page 357 and 358:
Paloue: Caesalpiniaceae Paloveopsis
Page 359 and 360:
Pseudocladia: Sapotaceae Pseudoconn
Page 361 and 362:
Scuticaria: Orchidaceae Sebastiana:
Page 363 and 364:
Tococa: Melastomataceae Tocoyena: R
Page 365 and 366:
Appendix C. Family Index. [note: pa
Page 367 and 368:
Papaveraceae: 220 Parkeriaceae: 50
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