(123-132) Ekrem ATAKAN, Sibel UYGUR
(123-132) Ekrem ATAKAN, Sibel UYGUR
(123-132) Ekrem ATAKAN, Sibel UYGUR
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Turk entomol derg, 2004, 28 (2): <strong>123</strong>-<strong>132</strong><br />
ISSN 1010-6960<br />
Bazi trips turleri ve predatorlerinin yabanci otlar<br />
uzerinde mevsimsel yogunluklan<br />
<strong>Ekrem</strong> <strong>ATAKAN</strong>*<br />
Summary<br />
<strong>Sibel</strong> <strong>UYGUR</strong>*<br />
Seasonal abundance of the some thrips species and their predators on weeds<br />
The seasonal abundance of some thrips and their predators on weeds were<br />
investigated in Balcah location of Adana province, Turkey in 2001 and 2002,<br />
Thrips species were collected from weeds adjacent to some field crops, vegetables<br />
and orchards at the period between January and September in Research and<br />
Implementation Area of Agricultural Faculty University of Cukurova. Five plants from each<br />
weed species were randomly selected and five flowers or inflorescences with 5 em long of<br />
each five plants were randomly tapped together into white container for 15 sec, Washing<br />
method was used to remove remained thrips in flowers or inflorescences in laboratory<br />
A total of 2,901 adult thrips and 1,287 predatory insects were collected from 857<br />
samples in both years, In this study, 47 weed species were sampled, Frankliniella<br />
occ!dentalis (pergande), F, intonsa (Trybom), Thrips tabac! Lindeman (Thysanoptera:<br />
Thripidae), Aeolothrips spp (A. collaris Priesner and A, intermedius Bagnall)<br />
(Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) and Orius spp. (0. niger Wolff and O. laevigatus<br />
(Fieber)) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) were collected from flowers of 43, 7, 37, 33 and 32<br />
weed species sampled, respectively, Frankliniella thrips species were more abundant on<br />
yellow and multiflowered weed species<br />
The population densities of F. occ!dentalis and T. tabac! on weeds were low during the<br />
winter and then increased to high levels in the spring months, Numbers of both thrips species<br />
on weeds were scarce in summer months in both years, The first adults of F. intonsa were<br />
found on weeds in the May, F. intonsa were mostly collected from a few<br />
* Cukurova Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi, Bitki Koruma Bolumu. Adana<br />
e-postc: eatakan@mail cu edu tr<br />
Ahms (Received): 26 042004<br />
<strong>123</strong>
Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam., Anthemis arvensis L., Daucus carota L., Malva<br />
sylvestris L., Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr, Octodium eagyptiacum (L.) DC.<br />
ve Sinapis arvensis L. uzcrinden toplanrmstir. Aeolothrips spp., c;ogunlukla A.<br />
visnaga, Echium plantagineum L.; Orius spp., E. plantagineum, Menta<br />
aquatica L. ve S. arvensis uzerinde bulunmustur (Cizclge 1).<br />
F. occidentalis, 2001 yrlmda agustos ve eylul aylannda en yuksek oranda<br />
toplanrrusnr (C;:izelge 2). Bu zararh 2002 yilmda nisan ve rnayis aylannda % 60,<br />
haziran-eylul donemlerinda ise % 70 uzerindeki bulunma oranlan ile en yaygm tur<br />
olmustur (Cizelqe 3). F. intonsa her iki yilda coqunlukla agustos ve eylul aylannda<br />
dusuk oranlarda bulunmustur (Cizelqe 2 ve 3). T. tabaci, 2001 yihnda, yabanci<br />
ollar uzerinde en yaygm tur olrnus, ocak - temmuz aylan erasmda olan donernde<br />
bitkiler uzerinden oldukca yuksek oranlarda toplanrmstir (Clzelge 2). Bu tur 2002<br />
yilmda sadece mart ve haziran aylannda diger turlcre gore daha yuksek oranlarda<br />
bulunrnustur (Cizelqe 3). Predator turlerden Aeolothrips spp. her iki yilda<br />
ilkbaharda ve haziran aymda yuksek oranda (% SO'nin uzerinde) toplanrrns, yaz<br />
ortasmda ve quz aylannda bulunarnarms veya bulunrna oranlan cok dusuk<br />
olrnustur (Cizelge 2 ve 3). Orius spp. ocak-mart ve tcmmuz-cylul doncmlerinde<br />
esas predator bocek turu olmustur (Cizclce 2 ve 3).<br />
C;izelge 1'In devarru<br />
Tiirismi<br />
He/iotropium hirsutissimum Grau Deced<br />
Hypericum perforatum L<br />
Isatistinctoria L<br />
Lamium amplexicaule L.<br />
Lapsana communis L<br />
Matuo sylvestris L<br />
Matricariachamomi/la L.<br />
Melilotus alba Desr,<br />
Melilotus officinalis (L ) Desr.<br />
Medicago arborea L<br />
Medicago polymorpha L<br />
Mentha aquatica L<br />
Ochtodium aegyptiacum (L ) DC<br />
Onosis viSCOSQ L<br />
Polygonum persicaria L.<br />
Portulaca o/eracea L<br />
Raphanus raphanistrum L.<br />
Reseda lutea L<br />
Salvia honninum L<br />
Senecio vernalis Waldst and Kit<br />
Sinapis arvensis L<br />
Trifolium repens L<br />
Trifolium purpureum Lois<br />
Vida sativa L<br />
Turkce ismi<br />
Kliit bozot<br />
San kantaron<br />
Yabani civit otu<br />
Ballibaba<br />
Tavsen salatast<br />
Yabani ebegGrneci<br />
Hakiki papatya<br />
Aktas yoncasi<br />
Kokulu san yonca<br />
Aqacimsr yonca<br />
Adi yabani yanca<br />
Su nanesi<br />
Misrr hardah<br />
Yaptskan okuz caru<br />
Kirrruzi ayakh kara bugday<br />
Semiz otu<br />
Yabani turp<br />
Muhabbet
1999). Tunc (1992), F. tntonsa'nm ocak aYI dismda yll boyunca Antalya ilinde<br />
bulunduqunu bildirmistir.<br />
Cizelqe2 Balcah'da 2001 yl1mdayabancr otlar uzerinden ocak ve eylUlaylan arasmda toplanan trips ve<br />
predator turlerin kompozisyonlannda aylara gore gorGlen degi§imler<br />
Trips turleri" Predator turler"<br />
Aylar Franklin/ella Franklin/ella Thr/ps tabacl Aealathr/ps Or/usspp.<br />
accldentalls Intonsa spp.<br />
Ocak 0.02 0.00 0.98 0.00 100<br />
Subat 003 000 0.97 000 100<br />
Mart 001 000 0.99 0.00 1.00<br />
Nisan 0.D7 0.00 093 0.83 0.17<br />
Mayis 0.09 0.00 0.91 0.86 0.14<br />
Haziran 031 0.00 069 080 0.20<br />
Temmuz 0.16 0.00 0.84 0.57 0.43<br />
Agustos 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 096<br />
EylUl 0.93 002 0.05 0.00 1.00<br />
• Trips ve predator turlerin oranlan (%)<br />
(izelge 3. Balcah'da 2002 Yllmdayabanci otlar uzerinden ocak ve eylul aylan arasmda toplanan trips ve<br />
predator turlerin kompozisyonlannda aylara gore gorGlen degi§imler<br />
Trips turleri" Predatorturler"<br />
Aylar Franklin/ella Franklin/ella<br />
Aealathr/ps Or/us spp.<br />
Thrips tabacl<br />
accldentalls lntonsa spp.<br />
Ocak 100 000 0.00 0.00 0.00<br />
Subat 1.00 000 0.00 0.00 0.00<br />
Mart 0.40 0.00 0.60 0.46 0.54<br />
Nisan 0.66 0.00 0.34 0.95 0.05<br />
Mavis 063 0.02 0.35 0.97 0.03<br />
Haziran 0.25 0.01 0.74 0.91 0.09<br />
Temmuz 0.70 002 0.28 0.28 0.72<br />
Agustos 078 0.20 002 000 100<br />
Eylul 0.73 027 000 0.01 0.99<br />
• Trips ve predator turlerin oranlan (%)<br />
F. tntonsa dismda diger iki trips turu, nisan-haziran aylan arasmdaki donern-de<br />
cok saytda toplenrmslardir. Ilkbaharda C:;ic:;ekli yabancr ot turu sayrsindaki ve yogunluklanndaki<br />
artis, trips turlerinin yogunlugunu ve yaygmhklanm da olumlu etkilemis,<br />
her iki tur cok sayida yabanci ot turu uzerinden toplanrmsnr. F. occidentalts ilkbaharda<br />
cicekleri bol ve san renkli yabancr otlarda toplamrken, T. tabaci c:;agunlukla<br />
haziran aymda beyaz renkli c:;ic:;ekleri alan yabanci otlar uzerlnde daha cok<br />
129
ulunmustur, Yudin et al. (1988), Frankliniella cinsine bagh turlerin cicekli ya<br />
benet ollar uzerinde ciccksiz olanlara gore daha fazla tcplandiqim; san renkli ciceklere<br />
sahip yabanci ollann F. occidentalis'i daha cok cezbettiqini bildirmislerdir.<br />
Her iki trips turunun populasyonlannm yaz aylannda belirgin olarak azalmasmda,<br />
cicakli yabancr ot tur sayisi ve yogunluklannm ezalrnasi etkili olabilir. Bazi arastmcilar,<br />
tripslerin disandaki kaynaklardan kultur bitkilerine go
enkli kuvat ic;erisine 15 saniye sureyle silkelenmistir. Cicek veya cicek kurneleri, uzerlerinde<br />
trips kalma olaslllgi nedeniyle laboratuvarda yrkarne islernine tabii tutulmustur.<br />
Her iki yilda 857 ornekten toplam 2901 ergin trips, 1287 adet ergin predator bocek<br />
toplanrrustrr. Bu cahsmada topJam 47 yabanci ot turu orneklenmistir. Franklin/ella<br />
occldentalis (Pergande) 43, F. /ntonsa (Trybom) 7, Thr/ps tabacl Lindeman<br />
(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) 37, Aeolothrlps spp, (A. collarls Priesner ve A. Intermedius<br />
Bagnall) (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) 33 ve Or/us spp (0. niger Wolff ve O.<br />
lav/egatus (Fieber}) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) 32 yabancr ot turu uzerinden toplanmistir.<br />
Franklin/ella turleri san renkJi ve bol cicekli yabancr ot turleri Lizerinden cok sayrda top<br />
Ianrrustrr.<br />
F. occldentalis ve T. tabacl kl§ aylannda yabancl otlardan dusuk sayilarda<br />
toplanmis, i1kbaharda populasyonlan beJirgin olarak artrrustrr. Her iki trips turu, yaz aylannda<br />
yabancl otlar uzerinde cok az sayIda bulunmustur, F. /ntonsa'mn ilk erginleri mayis aymda<br />
bulunmustur ve c;ogunlukla agustos ve eylul aymda birkac vabancr ot turu uzerinden<br />
toplanrmstir. Aeolothr/ps spp. trips turleri i1e birJikte bulunrnustur ve her iki Yllda haziran<br />
aymda en yuksek populasyon yogunJukJanna ulasrmslardir. Polifag predatorlerdcn Or/us<br />
spp. zararh trips turlerinin bulunduqu donernde daha az sayida toplanrmsttr. Or/us spp.<br />
populasyonu c;ogunlukla yaz aylannda bir cok yabancr ot turu uzerinden toplanrmstir.<br />
T. tabacl 2001 yrlmda baskin trips Wru olrnustur. F. occ/dentalls 2002 mart ve<br />
haziran aYI dismda % 70' in uzerinde bulunma oram i1e en yaygm tur olmustur,<br />
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