Sawubona Disability - Qasa

OkuqukethweIncwadi evela kumqondisi kazwelonke wakwaQASA ............. 2Uthi bewazi? ............................................ 3Kuyini ukukhubazeka?..................................... 5Insumansumane/ inganekwane .............................. 6Umthetho nokukhubazeka ................................. 7Ulimi olusetshenziswa uma kukhulunywa ngokukhubazeka ........ 9Abasebenzisa izihlalo ezinamasondo nabantu abanokukhubazeka ekuhambeni. 13Abantu abahamba ngezinduku ezahlukene .....................14Abantu abafushane (izichwe)................................15Abantu abanokukhubazeka ngokubona........................16Abantu abangezwa noma abangashehsi ukuzwa.................18Abantu abanobunzima bokukhuluma......................... 20Ukukhubazeka ngokomqondo...............................21Abantu abanokukhubazeka ebusweni........................ 22Amazwi Okubonga ...................................... 23UQASA ................................................24Inhlangano yabakhubazekile (Disability Alliance). .............. 25

Incwadi evela kumqondisi kazwelonke wakwaQASAAri SeirlisSixhumana kanjani nabantu abaphilanokukhubazeka okuthile?Yiluphi ulimiumuntu angalusebenzisa ukubhala nomaukukhuluma ngabo? Yiyiphi indlelayokuziphatha ekhombisa inhloniphoongayisebenzisa uma uhlangana nomuntuongaboni (oyimpumputhe) noma umuntuohamba ngesihlalo esinamasondo?Kungakanani ongakulindela kumuntuonokukhubazeka noma-ke yiluphiusizo ongamnika lona? Abaningi benuabangenakho ukukhubazeka bengazizwabeba namahloni uma behlangana nalaboabanokukhubazeka okuthile. Abantu bayayebaphahluke basebenzise amagama nomaulimi olubandlululayo noma bangazi ukuthibazothini bezama ukuthi bangahlukumeziabantu abanokukhubazeka. YingakhouQASA eziqhenya ngokuthi akhiphe lelibhukwana elithi Sawubona Disability:okuyibhukwana elifushanyana elilungisa lezizinganekwane okanye izinsumansumane,izindlela zokuziphatha nezinto ezenziwayonezingenziwa zokukhubazeka. Kuningiongakuqonda ngokukhubazeka ngaphezukwalokhu ongakuthola kuleli bhukwanakodwa isiqalo esihle esikuholela ekuqondeniokungcono noma endleleni okuyiyonayona.Sibonga kubo bonke abasinike ulwaziebesingenalo,izeluleko nolwazi kanyenezimali ezisetshenziswe ukucwaninganokubhala leli bhukwana.Jabulela imifanekiso ucabange ngezintoesiziphakamisile bese uboleka abanye lelibhukwana uma ucabanga ukuthi lingabasiza.Inhloso yethu akusikhona ukuthi sikushayeleumthetho ukuthi ucabange futhi ukhulumekanjani kodwa ukuthi sinqamule eminyeimifanekiso engesilona iqiniso nendlelaesicabanga nesenza ngayo uma siphakathikwabantu abaphila nokukhubazeka.Okwenza singakwazi kakhulu yimigoqoedalwa ukuziphatha nokucabangakomphakathi.Ari Seirlis2

Uthi bewazi?Abantu abalinganiselwa kumaphesentiayisishiyagalombili (8%) eNingizimu Afrikabanokukhubazeka okuthile.Ukucabanga komuntu onokukhubazekakungaba nzima ukuthi kuqondwe ngumuntuongakhubazekile. Angaqonda kancanekakhulu uma mhlawumbe kwenzekilewalimala kwase kufanele asebenzise izindukuzokuhamba noma elimele ehlweni nomaendlebeni okukanye eficwe ubudala obenzeengabe esakwazi ukuhamba kahle. Lokhongeke kusho ukuthi usuzwa ukubukelekaphansi okuyaye abantu abakhubazekilebadlule kukho kodwa ungezwa ukuthibasuke bezizwa kanjani.Impilo yansuku zonke njengokuya ezitolouyothenga noma ukuthatha uhambo kuhlalakunzima ebantwini abaphila nokukhubazeka.Okuba nzima kakhulu akubi ukuthiuvimbeleke ukuthi ukwazi ukwenza izintoezithile ngokomzimba kodwa kuba isimosokucabanga somphakathi nokweswelakwabantu ukuqonda ukuthi kahle kahlekunjani ukuphila nokukhubazeka.Lemigoqo ihlale inzima kakhulu ukuthiungayishintsha. Kungathatha izinsukwananje ezimbalwa ukuthi ushintshe isimosendawo ukuthi ikwazi ukusetshenziswangabantu abaphila nokukhubazeka kodwakungathatha iminyakanyaka ukushintshaisimo sokucabanga kwabantu.Abantu abaningi banolwazi oluncaneabaluthola ngokuhlangana nje nabantuabanokukhubazeka usuku nosuku nomakeuma bexoxisana nabo. Ngeshwaelikhulu futhi ngokungenaqiniso abantuabanokukhubazeka bavamise ukubonakalanjengalokhu okulandelayo:• abahlushwayo noma izintonje zokudatshukelwa• abasabekayo abanobulimafuthi abahlekisayo• bayimithwalo emiphakathini, emindeniniyabo noma kwababanakekelayo• abakwazi ukuzenzela izinto• banokukhubazeka okuningi (njengokuthi ucabange ukuthi umuntuohamba ngesihlalo esinamasondoakahlakaniphile kahle)• bakhethekile noma bahlukile• baqhinekileC a b a n g a k u n g a k a k i e s i t h o m b e n ikumabonakude bethikameza lowoohamba ngesihlalo esinamasondo.Umphakathi uthatha laba abasebenzisaizihlalo ezinamasondo njengabantuokufanele nabadinga ukuba sezibhedlela.Labo ababhekelele ezokukhubazekabafisa ukukhombisa nokubonisa ukuthiukukhubazeka akusikhona ukugula kodwayinto nje ebhekene nomphakathi.Ukukhubazeka akuyona into ebonakalayokwesinye isikhathi. Okuningi ukukhubazekanjengokungakwazi ukuxoxa uzwane kahlenabantu, isifo sokuwa,ukungakwazi ukufundauqonde kahle, noshukela, akubonakali.O kunye u kukhuba ze k a kungenzaumuntu angakwazi ukuxhumana nabanyeabantu nokufunda kanye nokuhambangokukhululeka.Ukukhubazeka kufaka lokhu:3

Uthi bewazi?Uhlobo lokukhubazeka:Umuntu okhubazekengezinyawo,nangezingaloYazi lokhu:Umuntu angasebenzisa isihlalo esinamasondo ebefuthi engakwazi ukusebenzisa imilenze nezingalo.Angangakwazi futhi ukuzibambela into.Ongakwazi ukuhambakodwa esingenhlasisebenza kahleUmuntu angasebenzisa isihlalo esinamasondokodwa ebe ekwazi ukusebenzisa izingalonesingenhla somzimba wakhe.Oqala ukungaboni azeagcine engaboniUmuntu angangakwazi ukwenza izinto njengokubonisangokomzimba. Angangakwazi ukufunda okubhaliwebese kudingeka ezinye izindlela zokumsiza.Oqala ukungezwa azeagcine engezwaAngangakwazi ukusabela uma ebizwa nomakungakhulumeki naye. Omunye angangakwaziukuzwa endaweni enomsindo.OnokukhubazekangokukhulumaAngangakwazi ukukhuluma acacise.Ongakwazi ukusheshaaqondeOmunye angathatha isikhathi eside ukuqondaukuthi ukhuluma ngani uma ukhuluma naye.Okhubazeke ngokwengqondoUkoneka kobusoKungaba nzima ukuhlukanisa umuntu okhubazekengokwengqondo kwabanye abantu. isifo sabosinganakekeleka (kodwa asilapheki) kwesinyeisikhathi ngokuthi bathathe imithi yabo.Ukoneka kobuso akubi namthelelaekuhlakanipheni kwakhe umuntu4

Kuyini ukukhubazeka?Ezinye izincazelo…Abantu okuthiwa bakhubazekile kubalwalabo abanezimo ezibenza bakhubazekeezithatha isikhathi eside ezenza bangakwaziukuthi babe njengabo bonke abantuabakhona emphakathini.UN Convention 2006Ukukhubazeka ububi noma ukuvinjelwaokubangwa umphakathi ukuthi abantuabanokukhubazeka okuthize bazizwebenganakiwe futhi bengakwazi ukwenzaizinto ezithize.Umbhidlango wezokukhubazeka(Disability Movement)Ukukhubazeka yinto ephathelenenomphakathi (akuchazi ukuthi umuntuuchazwe kanjani ngabezempilo) okumeleumphumela phakathi kwabanokukhubazekanesimo esingavumi kumuntu nomuntu, indlelaumphakathi owakheke ngayo nangezintoezithile eziwenzayo. Ngakwelinye icalaindlela umphakathi ozithatha ngayo izintonangendlela abazicabanga ngayo izinto beseumphumela kuba ukuthi abantuabaphila nokukhuba zekaokuthileabasakwazi ukuthi babeingxenye yomphakathi bakwazinokwenza izinto ezithilenokuthi umphakathi ugcinaungasakwazi ukuthi ufake lababantu emphakathini nokuthibanakekele izidingo zabo.Igama elithi “ukukhubazeka”liyahambisana nale ncazelo.Umthethosisekelo weDPSAka2006(DPSA Constitution 2006)Ukukhubazeka kusho ukungakwazikwabantu abanokukhubazeka ukuzenzelaizinto ezithile ngenxa yokukhubazekaokuthile okungaba okomzimba, okwemizwa,ukuxhumana kanye nokwengqondo.Umnyango Wezokuthuthukiswa KomphakathiUkukhubazeka ngokomqondo okudalaukuthi laba bantu bangabe besakwazinokuthi bakwazi ukuthi baqasheke.Umnyango wezokuqashwaUkukhubazeka ngeke kusabonwa njengentoengaguqukiyo kumuntu kodwa njengentoengashintsha ngenxa yendawo akuyona.Lokhu kwenza kushintshe ukubheka isimosomuntu nokukhubazeka anakho kodwakubhekwe indawo umuntu loyo akuyona.Watermeyer, at al, 20065

Izinganekwane/ izinsumansumaneAbantu abanokukhubazekaBAHLUKILE kwabanye“abajwayelekile”Kuyini ukuba “ngojwayelekile”? Abantuabanokukhubazeka bacabanga, bazizwefuthi benze ngokufanayo nabanye abantu.Abantu abangakhubazekile kufaneleBANAKEKELE abantu abakhubazekileWonke umuntu angalunikezela usizo, kodwaabantu abaningi abanokukhubazeka bakhethaukuzenzela ngokwabo noma babuzwe ukuthibayaludinga yini usizo okubukeka sengathibayaludinga, ungaveli usize nje.Abantu abanokukhubazeka bahlalebedinga usizoAbantu abaningi abanokukhubazekabayakwazi ukuzimela futhi nabo bayakwaziukusiza abanye abantu.Abantu abahamba ngezihlaloezinamasondo bantekenteke, bayagulafuthi abanampiloAbantu bazisebenzisela izizathuezahlukene izihlalo ezinamasondo,akuzona zonke izizathu ezimayelananokugula noma nempilo nje jikelele.Abantu abanokukhubazekaBANESIBINDI, bayazethemba futhibaveza amandla amakhulu okubayibonaUkujwayela impilo yokukhubazeka kushoukuthi kufanele uyenze impilo yakho yansukuzonke. Ungasho kumuntu onokukhubazekaukuthi “Unesibindi”. Bengithi ngibe nosukuolubi kodwa wena obhekana nakho nsukuzonke kungaphezu kwamandla”.Bonke abantu abanokukhubazekakokuzwa bayakwazi ukufunda izindebezokhulumayoIkhono lokufunda izindebe liyahlukakumuntu nomuntu olisebenzisayo futhi6kungaba nengozi yokungaqondi.Abantu abayizimpumputhe batholainzwa yesithuphaNakuba iningi labantu abangaboni betholainzwa yabo eyasalayo ngokugcwele,abanayo inzwa yesithupha futhi ababhuli.Abantu abakhubazeke ngengqondobayahlanya namanye amaganyana asholokhuUkukhubazeka ngokomqondo kungadalwaukuthi umuntu athikamezeke ngokwemizwanoma ukugula ngokwengqondo. Lokhukugula ngokwengqondo kungabalwa ulakanengcindezi. Lezi zifo zingakwazi ukuthizelashwe futhi ziqapheleke.Abantu abanenkinga yokufundabanenselelo engqondweniUbunzima bokufunda buhlukeneekukhubazekeni kwezengqondo. Ubunzimabokufunda bufaka lobu obenza umuntuangakwazi ukufunda kahle nokupelaamagama. Umuntu angabe nokukhubazekakwengqondo futhi angahlakanipha kakhulukodwa ukufunda kwakhe kuthikamezweukukhubazeka kwabo.Ezinye izinganekwane ezimangazayo• Abazali bayizingelosi ekukhuliseniizingane zabo ezikhubazekile.• Abantu abakhubazekile babopha nomaubani abahlangana naye obacasulayo.• Abantu abakhubazekile bangabazalwaneabahlushwayo, ukuhlushwakukwenza uqine kwezikamoya.• Uma unokukhubazeka,awukwazi ukubhekana nezindabazakho, ukuphila impilo yakhonokuthatha izinqumo zakho.• Ukukhubazeka kusho ukuthi uyisonimanje ukukhubazeka kuyisijeziso sakho.• Ukukhubazeka kuyinhlekelele futhiabakhubazekile badinga amakhambi

Umthetho nokukhubazekaUmthethosisekelo(Umqulu wamalungelo, isigaba 9)Wonke umuntu unelungelo lokuvikelwangokulinganayo nokujabulela onke amanyeamalungelo nenkululeko. Akekho okufaneleacwaswe noma abandlululwe ngenxayobuhlanga bakhe, ubulili, ukukhulelwa,ukukhubazeka, ukucabanga kwakhengobulili bakhe, isiko kanye nolimi.Vakashela i www.info.gov.za utholeamakhophi omthethosisekelo kanyenomqulu wamalungelo.Umthetho ogqugquzela ukulingananokuvinjelwa kokucwasanaokungenaqiniso (PEPUDA)Lo mthetho uvimbela ukucwasekaokungenaqiniso okugxile ezimweni ezifakaubulili, ubuhlanga nokukhubazeka, lomthetho ofuna ukuthi:• ugqugquzele ukulingana• Uvikele isithunzi somuntu• Uvikele ukucwaswa okungenabuqinisonokusebenzisa ulimi olunenzondo• Ukugqugquzela isiko lentando yeningiUkuchithwa kokucwaswa okungenaqinisokuhloswe ngakho kakhulu ukunikezaukukhululwa ngokushesha kwabantunoma amaqembu abantu ababhekenenokucwaseka okungenaqiniso.Vakashela i www.info.gov.za ukutholaamakhophi ePromotion of Equality andPrevention of Unfair Discrimination Act.7

Umthetho nokukhubazekaUmthetho wokuqashwa ngokulinganaLo mthetho ufuna ukulingana kwabantuezindaweni zokusebenza ususe yonkeinhlobo yezokucwasa bese ugqugquzelaukulingana ezindaweni zokusebenza. Lomthetho ubhekelela ukuthi ezindawenizokusebenza uma ufaka isicelo somsebenziawubandlululwa ngokuthi ubulili buni,owaluhlanga luni noma ukhubazekile yininokunye. Lo mthetho futhi ugqugquzelaukuthi bathole amathuba labo ababencishiweuvikele ukuthi labo ababebandlululwakungabe kusaba njalo. Umthethowokuzwelana nabamnyama, abesifazanenabakhubazekile ababencishwe amathubakudala.Vakashela i www.info.gov.za ukuthola ikhophiemayelana nokulingana kwezokuqashwa.Ukuziphatha kahle ekuqashwenikwabantu abanokukhubazekangokomthetho wezokuqashaLe khodi yokwenza okuhle iyonaengumhlahlandlela wabaqashi, abasebenzinezinyunyana ukukhuthaza ukulinganakwamathuba nokuphathwa kwabantuabanokukhubazeka njengokomthethoobekiwe.Inhloso yalo mthetho ukufundisanokwazisa abaqashi nabasebenzi ukuthibaqonde ngamalungelo nemigomonokukhuthaza ukuqiniseka nokunciphisaukuphikisana ukuze abantu abaphilanokukhubazeka bezokwazi ukusebenzangempumelelo fu thi b a thokoze l eukusebenzisa amalungelo abo emsebenzini.Lo mthetho uhlose ukwenza abantu bazingeqhaza elibanjwa ngabantu abakhubazekilenokuthi abaqashi bagqugquzeleke ekuthenibawasebenzise amakhono alaba bantu.Vakashela i www.info.gov.za ukutholaikhophi emayelana nalo mthetho.Umbuthano wase -UN(UN Convention) ngamalungelo abantuabaphila nokukhubazekaLo mbuthano ukhuthaza uvikele futhiuqinisekise ukujabulela ngokugcwele kwawowonke amalungelo abantu abanokukhubazeka.Ukubuka kwawo ngokuphelele kufakaizinto ezibalulekile ezifana nokukwaziukuzitholela izinto ozodingayo, ukukwaziukuzihambela, impilo, imfundo, ukuqashwa,ukuvuselelwa kwezimilo kanye nokulingananokubandlululwa.INingizimu Afrika iwulungisile lo mbuthanongo-2007 ngokuthi yamukele imigomo yawoyezomthetho ebekwe ngaphansi kwalesisivumelwano. Lokhu bekufaka ukuzithathelaumthetho ukuze ikwazi ukuphumelelisa lezizinhloso.Vakashela i www.un.org ukubheka zonkelezi zinto ezikulo mqulu.Imithetho yezakhiwo zikazwelonkenomthetho wezimo zezakhiwoLo mthetho wezakhiwo uthi zonke izakhiwoazisebenziseke kubantu abakhubazekilengokuthi zibe nalokhu okulandelayo:• izindawo okuhambeka kalula kuzo• izindlu zangasese• izicabha• amalifti• nezindawo zokupakaAmandla esemthethwenieNingizimu AfrikaIkhomishane yamalungelo abantueNingizimu Afrika (SAHRC)www.sahrc.zainfo@sahrc.org.za8

Ulimi olusetshenziswa uma kukhulunywa ngokukhubazekaUlimi olusetshenziswa lapha lulokhulushintsha njalo futhi luyaqhubekanokushintsha. Udaba olubaluleke kakhululolu. Abantu abanokukhubazeka babonwabekhubazekile ngenxa yokuthi umphakathiuyababandlulula nokuyilapho – ke ulimioludlala khona enkulu indima le. Kakhulukazingenxa yokunganaki, maningi amagamaesiwasebenzisayo ukuchaza abantuabakhubazekile. Kodwa-ke abantu bayabazi ngolimi okufanele balusebenzise umaukhuluma ngabakhubazekile ngoba umabengazi kungayiqhubela phambili le nkingabebe bona bengaboni.Amanye amagama angabaphatha kabi.Zama njalo ukugwema amagama abonisaukuthi abantu abakhubazekile abakwaziukuzimela noma bazizwe beyizinto njezokudatshukelwa njengokuthi “abaguliswaukuthi----noma abahlushwayo”. Kungconoukuthi uthi “abantu abaphila nokukhubazeka”kunokuthi uthi “ abakhubazekile”.Noma-ke ingekho imithetho emisiwe,kubalulekile ukuthi uqonde ukuthi kunganiamanye amagama ezwakala kangconokunamanye, njengalana nje:(see next page).Amanye amagama amabi ukuthiangasetshenziswa:• “Onenkinga”• “Ongakwazi ukuzenzela”• “Odinga ukunakekelwa”• “Nakuba ekhubazekile”• “Walwisana nokukhubazeka kwakhe”Khumbula:• Gwema lokhu ukukhuluma okubiosekuze kwajwayeleka.• Musa ukuzwakalisa ukuzwelananoma ukuncoma kwakho ngomuntungoba nje enokukhubazeka• Umuntu nomuntu ohlangana nayewehlukile, engancamela kusetshenzisweulimi oluhlukile uma kukhulunywa naye• Ulimi olusetshenziswa umakukhulunywa ngokukhubazekanomphakathi wabantu abaphilanokukhubazeka kuhlala kushitsha njalo• Musa ukujaja/ ukwehlulela• Zibambe uma uhlangana nomuntuonokukhubazeka ongakazeukubone, musa ukujaha ukubuzaukuthi” kwenzekani kuwe”Iba nokuzethemba ukhululeke – Umaungazi ukuthi kufanele wenzeni – khululeka.Kuyimvelo ukuzizwa usaba ukuthiuzokwenza into engeyona kodwa imizamoyakho iyonconywa.Bekezela - Abantu abanokukhubazekabadinga isikhathi esithe xaxa njengokuthiuma bengena esakhiweni noma uma befunaukuqonda umbuzo wakho.Buka ngale kokukhubazeka – kunomuntuphambi kwakho hhayi ukukhubazeka.Kubalulekile ukuhlonipha – Indawo laphoumuntu onokukhubazeka akhona yiyonaeyaye imenze azizwe ekhubazeke kakhulu.9

Ulimi olusetshenziswa uma kukhulunywa ngokukhubazekaUngasho ukuthi: kungani? Kungcono uthi:Okhubazekile, isixhwalaojiyazekileIgama elithi okhubazekile.Linobubi elihambisana nalo, kunabanyeabakhubazeke ngenxa yomphakathiongakwazi ukususa izithiyo ezithize kantiamanye angasho ukuba yisingxibi.AbaphilanokukhubazekaIsishayo, inkawu, njalonjaloAkufanele umuntu onokukhubazekeumchaze ngokukhubazeka anakho. Lamagama achaza abantu ngezimo zabokufanele agwenywe ngayo yonke indlela.Qala usho umuntu kuqala ngaphambikokuba usho ukukhubazeka anakho.Umuntuonokukhubazekakokuba yisishayonoma i-albino.USipho uguliswaukulimala komqondoUSipho uhlushwaukulimala komqondoUSipho uyisiguli esiguliswaukulimala komqondoUSipho washaywaukulimala komqondoWonke la magama akhombisa ukungabimahle. Ukuthi umuntu ugula ngenqgondokuba sengathi yinto embi eqhubekayo kantikwabanye akunjalo. Amanye amagamaenza kube sengathi umuntu wenza icalafuthi enza bazizwe benganamandla.USipho umntwanaowalimalaumqondo.Abahlala ezihlalweniezinamasondoAbasebenzisa lezi zihlalo bazibona lezizihlalo njengethuluzi lokubasiza ukuthibahambe hhayi njengezihlalo zokubagcinaendaweni eyodwa. Abanye bayakwaziukuzenzela izinto ngaphandle kwalezizihlalo njengokushayela nokulala ngakhokebheka umuntu hhayi isihlalo.Osebenzisaisihlaloesinamasondo,uSizweusebenzisa isihlaloesinamasondo.Ophethwe yingculaziunoshukelaEzinye izifo ngokomthetho zithathwanjengokukhubazeka. Musa ukuchazaumuntu ngesifo anaso.Umuntu ophilanegciwanelengculaziUmuntuonoshukela10

Ulimi olusetshenziswa uma kukhulunywa ngokukhubazekaUngasho ukuthi: kungani? Kungcono uthi:Isithulu, ongezwa,njalonjaloUkungezwa akusho ukuthiawuhlakaniphile. Abanye babuyebasebenzise amagama abangakhulumibewasebenzisela abangezwabakhohlwe ukuthi abanye abantuabangezwa bayakwazi ukukhuluma.Laba abangezwa bazibiza ngabangezwabasebenzise usonhlamvukazi ngobabazibona bewuhlanga oluthile.Ongezwa kahle.,osebenzisa izandlaukukhuluma,okhubazeke ngokuzwanjalonjalo.Abangaboni,izimpumputheUkuthi abangaboni kulungile.Umuntu akaboni,akaboni kahle.Uhlanya, ongaphilile,njalonjaloAmagama lana asehlisayo isithunzifuthi angemahle neze neze.Umuntu onokugulaokuthizengokwengqondo.Isilima,isiphukuphuku,akasheshila magama awalungile. Umuntu onenkingayokufunda ungathola ukuthi uhlakaniphekakhulu ikakhulukazi esikoleni.Ungasebenzisi amagama alumelayo.Umuntu onenkingayokufunda.Utondo, isichwe,njalonjaloGwema lawa magama.Umuntu onesiquesifushane.Owazalwa engapheleleNoma ebaqakile Omunye umuntu angazalwa umuntu ozalweEngenazo izingalo kodwa nokukhubazekaLa magama abaliwe awamahle11

Ulimi olusetshenziswa uma kukhulunywa ngokukhubazekaIqoqo lamagamaUngasho ukuthi:AbakhubazekileAmalungelo abakhubazekileUmphakathi okhubazekileAbahlali abakhubazekileNgcono uthi:Abantu abanokukhubazekaInhlangano yamalungelo yabantuabanokukhubazelaUmphakathi onabakhubazekileAbahlali abanokukhubazekaAmagama asetshenziselwa izinto abazisebenzisayoUngasho ukuthi:Izindlu zangasese zabakhubazekileLeli gama elithi “ababalulekile” linokucwasaIndawo yokupaka yabakhubazekileNgcono uthi:Izindlu zangaseseezisebenziseka kalulaIndawo yokupaka esebenzisekayoIzindawo zokuhlala zabakhubazekileIzindawo zokuhlala zalaboabahamba ngezihlaloIzindawo ezisebenziseka kalula zingasetshenziswa yinoma ubani, asingasho ukuthi“abahlukile”. Lezi zinto zakhelwe ukuthi zisetshenziswe ngunoma ngubani ophilayo.12

Abasebenzisa izihlalo ezinamasondo nabantuabanenkinga yokuhambaumshaye emhlane noma ethangeni ngobauthi uyamjabulela.Lokho kungenzaalahlekelwe ukuzimelela k wakheokungaze kudale ukuthi awe esihlalweni.• Uma ubona kufanele ungamanga, umthintenoma umamatheke naye.• Ungazizwa ungakhululekile ukusebenzisaamagama afana nokuhamba nomanokugijima uma bekhona ngoba nabobayawasebenzisa.Ziningi izizathu ezisetshenziselwa izihlaloezinamasondo futhi ziningi izimo ezibangelaukuthi umuntu agcine esesebenzisa isihlaloesinamasondo.Ungasiza kanjani?Ukuxhumana• Khuluma ngqo nomuntu ohamba ngesihlaloesinamasondo musa ukugqolozelaisihlalo khombisa ukuthi ufuna enzeni (njengokukhipha isandla ngoba ukhombisaukuthi ufuna ukuxhawula) njengobaungenza kunoma ngubani ongakwaziukusebenzisa izingalo noma nezandlangokugcwele.• Uma ukhuluma nomuntu osebenzisaisihlalo esinamasondo kufanele umbhekeemehlweni futhi uthi ukwehla kancaneukuze angalokhu elule umqala wakhe uzeube buhlungu.• Uma umuntu ohamba ngesihlaloesinamasondo ehamba nomnakekeliwakhe, khuluma naye hhayi nomnakekeliwakhe.• Ungathi uma ukhuluma nomuntuosebenzisa isihlalo esinamasondoHlonipha indawo yomunyeumuntu• Ungazitholi usuncike kakhulu esihlalwenisakhe noma ususijwayela kakhulu,yindawo yakhe yihloniphe.• Ungagaxi ibhantshi lakho esihlalwenisakhe, kusho ukuba luhlaza lokho.Nikeza usizo• Qala ubuze umuntu ukuthi uyaludingayini usizo ngaphambi kokuba usize.Umaeludinga buza ukuthi ufuna usize kanjaningaphambi kokuba uqhubeke usize.• Uma umnikeza into ethile qiniseka ukuthiuzokwazi ukufinyelela kuyona.Indawo yokupaka• Ungapaki imoto yakho endaweniebekelwe abaphila nokukhubazeka.Lezi zindawo zithe ukuba nkudlwana(3500mm) kunezejwayelekile. Lokhokwenzelwa ukuthi bakwazi ukwehlisanokugibeza izihlalo zabo futhi lezi zindawozabo zokupaka zivame ukuba seduzenendawo yokungena ngoba kwenzelwaukuthi bangaphushi izihlalo ibanga elidekakhulu.Izindlu zangasese•Ungasebenzisi izindlu zangaseseezibekelwe labo abahamba ngezihlaloezinamasondo uma wena ungahambingaso.13

Abantu abahamba ngezinduku ezahlukeneUngasiza kanjani?Hlonipha indawo yabo• Izinduku zabo ezahlukene ezokusizabona ukuthi bakwazi ukuhamba ngakhokengaphambi kokuba uzisuse qala ubuzeukuze uthole imvume.Basize• Njalo banikeze indawo yokuhlala futhicela ukubavulela isicabha ngoba kungahlekube nzima kubona. Iba usizo kubonakodwa qala ubuze uma ufuna ukubasizanokubaphathela izikhwama nokunyeokufana nalokho.• Buza ukuthi badinga izihlalo ezinezindawozokuphumuza izingalo noma izihlaloeziphakeme na?14

Abantu abafishane ngokwesiqu *Ungasiza kanjani?Ukuxhumana• Kuba lula ukukhuluma nomuntu umanilingana naye. Ngakho hlehla kancanenoma uthi ukugoba kancane• Ungambukeli phansi lo muntu umaukhuluma naye. Kufanele umhloniphenjengaye wonke omunye umuntu.•Uma kukhona ahamba naye khuluma nayehhayi lo ahamba naye kodwa ube uqondeyena.Izichwe (abantu abafishane) ilabo abathibebadala kodwa ubude babo bube ngaphansikuka 147cm. Kukhona izinhlobo zalokhuezidalwa ufuzo noma inkinga yezempilo.Lo muntu – ke usuke engesiyona inganeokukanye into nje yokuhlekisa.Indlela enhle yokwenza• Ungamcabangeli iminyaka yakhe nomaIkhono analo ngoba nakhu ubonaubufishane bakhe.• Beka izinto lapho azofikela khona.• Musa ukumshaya ekhanda.• Amancoko amayelana noSnow Whiteno Seven Dwarfs awabahlekisi kodwaangabacasulaNikeza usizo• Musa ukucela ukumqukula uma engafikelientweni afuna ukuyithatha. Kungconoumthathele noma umnike into yokugibelaazithathele ngokwakhe.• Buza ngaphambi kokuba umbekeleikhushini esihlalweni, kwesinye isikhathiyenza kube nzima kuyena ukusebenzisaisihlalo.• Qala ubuze ukuthi bayaludinga yini usizongaphambi kokuba ubasize uma bevumabuza ukuthi ungabasiza kanjani.* Ulwazi luqoqwe ngosizo luka –Angela Nel, APD Western Cape15

Abantu abanokukhubazeka emehlweni (ngokubona) *Ukukhubazeka ngokubona kwehlukenekumuntu nomuntu, bangabona kancanenoma bangaboni nhlobo.Ungasiza kanjani?Ukuxhumana• Uma uzohlangana nomuntu ongabonikhuluma naye ukuze azi ukuthi kukhonaumuntu ozayo.• Zichaze kahle ukuze bakwazi kodwaasikho isidingo sokumemeza.• Khuluma nabo ngqo hhayi nomunyeumuntu.• Uma uzethula isho ukuthi ucelanixhawulane ungaveli ubethuse usugxavulaisandla sabo.• Abanye banezinja ezibasizayo. Indlelaengcono ukubuza ukuthi bafuna usizekanjani ngoba phela lezi zinja ezibasizayoziyabasiza noma zingeke zifane nabantu.16* Ulwazi luqoqwe ngosizo lweNhlangano kazwelonke yabangaboni

Abantu abanokukhubazeka emehlweni (ngokubona)Nikeza usizo• Kuhle ukuba usizo kodwa buza ukuthiungasiza kanjani. Isho ukuthi “ngicelaukukunika ingalo” noma uthi ucelaukumphathela isikhwama ukuzeungammangazi.•Uma ezongena endaweni angayejwayelemchazele kafushane ngayo.• Uma nizofika ezitebhisini mxwayisefuthi umtshele ukuthi ziyehla yini nomaziyenyuka.• Uma umnika isihlalo kungcono azihlaleleyena ungamsizi. Beka isandla sakheesihlalweni.•Uma umngenisa emotweni, mtshele ukuthiibheke ngakuphi bese ubeka isandla sakheemnyango ovulekile.• Uma nisebenzise izithuthi zomphakathinjengesitimela noma ibhasi ngena phambikwakhe.• Ungamfuqi umuntu ongaboni nomaumngenise kuqala• Ekudleni uyakwazi ukuzenzela umaenenkinga uzosho.Indlela enhle• Ungamshiyi umuntu ongaboni ekhulumayedwa.• Mtshele uma usuhamba futhi nomausubuya.• Uma ufuna ukususa impahla mtshele futhiumchazele ukuthi uyiyisaphi. Bheka ukuthiZonke izinto zakhe zikuye ngaphambikokuba uhambe.• Ezintweni eziphathelene nebhizinisi umaufuna nixoxisane ngokuthile iba nezinyeizinsiza njengebraille nemibhalo emikhulunamakhasethi azowalalela.• Qinisekisa ukuthi umnyango awuwushiyiuvuliwe futhi ungashiyi izinto phansi ngobazizomkhuba.17

Umuntu ongezwa *Akusibona bonke abantu abanenkingayo k u n g e z w a a b a n g e z w a n h l o b o.Kunamazinga athile okungezwa. Abantuabanezinkinga ezahlukene zokuzwabangasebenzisa izinsizakuzwa nomabafunde izindebe uma ukhuluma nomabasebenzise lokhu okuthiwa ukukhulumangezandla kwalapha eNingizimu Afrika.Ziningi izindlela zokuxhumana nomuntuongezwa noma onenkinga yokuzwa kahle.Wonke umuntu uyazifunda izindebengezizathu ezahlukene ikakhulukazi umakusendaweni enomsindo. Uma ukhulumanomuntu ubuso bakho buyamsiza ukuzeaqonde lokho ofuna ukukusho.• Ukufunda izindebe kudinga ikhononokunakisisa futhi kuyakhathaza.• Amagama amaningi ayaye abukekeefana kulowo ofunda izindebe.• Amanye amagama ashiwo leemuva emphinjeni umlomoungakhombisi ukuthi athini.Ungasiza kanjani?Ukuxhumana• Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ingxoxo menzelo okhuluma naye onenkinga yokungezwaakunake ngokuthi umthinte ehlombe.• Ungama ngala abheke ngakhona uhambiseisandla kodwa ungabi nehaba.•Kubalulekile ukuthi umuntu akuboneuqala ukukhuluma ngaphandle kwalokhoangangakuzwa ukuthi uthini.• Mbheke emehlweni ngaphambi kokubauqale ukukhuluma.• Akubalulekile ukuthi uzihluphe ngokuthiuzwa kangakanani, kuphela buzaukuthi uyakuqonda nokuthi ukhulumekangakanani nokuthi wenze njani.• Ungamemezi ikakhulu uma ukhulumangento ebucayi. Uma engakuzwa bhalaphansi.• Ukusebenzisa izandla kungasiza kodwakungeqi akube ngokwejwayelekile nje.Ihaba lingaphoxa.18* Ulwazi luqoqwe ngosizo lwabakwaNCPPDSA, NID no DEAFSA

Deaf or Hard of Hearing Persons• Qinisekisa ukuthi uzwe kahle, ungesabiukumbuza.• Kungcono ukumbuza ongezwa ukuthiuzwile yini kunokuthi uthathe sengathiuzwile nje.• Enza imisho yakho ibe mifishane. Uyibekekahle.• Khuluma ucacise ukuze akwazi ukufundaizindebe usebenzise izwi elejwayelekile.• Ubuso bakho abuhambisane nokushoyo.• Sebenzisa izimpawu ezejwayelekileukudlulisa umyalezo.• Khombisa ushintsho olusheshayonjengomsindo.• Ongezwa angaba notolika wakhe. Umakunjalo musa ukukhuluma notolikakodwa khuluma naye lo ongezwa engathiuyakuzwa.Indlela enhle• Ungabhemi futhi ungahlafuni nomaizinwele zakho zivale ubuso bakho umaukhuluma naye.• Kulaba abezwa kancane qiniseka ukuthiindawo enikuyo ayinawo umsindo ukuzwebezwe kahle.• Ngesinye isikhathi kufanele uphakamiseizwi ukuze akuzwe. Uma ukhuluma ngentoebucayi mucelele eceleni umhloniphe.Abantu abaningi bangayingenela ingxoxongokuthi bafunde izindebe. Nomabesebenzisa izinsizakuzwa:• Mbheke umuntu ongezwauma ukhuluma naye.• Gcina ubuso nezindebe zakho zibonakalaube sekukhanyeni ungafulatheliukukhanya ngoba uzoba sethunzini.• Ungasheshi uma ukhuluma, gcinainkulumo yakho icacile kodwaungabi nehaba. Yiba nguwena nje.• Khumbula ukuthi lo muntu udingaukubona ubuso bakho ngesikhathiukhuluma ngakho-ke uma kudingekaujike yima ukukhuluma beseuqhubeka-ke ukuze angalahleki.Yenza lokhu: Iba nesineke uthathe isikhathi uma ukhuluma.Ungakwenzi lokhu: Ungabi nehaba uvale umlomo wakho mhlawumbe ngesandla uma Ukhuluma.19

Umuntu onokukhubazeka noma ubunzima bokukhulumaUngasiza kanjani?Izizathu eziningi ezingadala inkingayokukhuluma noma inkinga yolimi isikhathiesiningi le nkinga ayihambisani nenkingayezengqondo.Ngakho-ke ungacabangiukuthi uma umuntu enenkinga yokukhulumaunenkinga yokufunda noma yengqondo.Mphathe njengabo bonke abantu.Ukuxhumana• Ukhiye ekuxhumaneni kalula nalaba bantuukuthi ugxile kulokhu abakushoyo hhayiekuthini bakusho kanjani.• Ukubekezela kubalulekile kakhulu futhiezwini lakho nasemzimbeni wakho kodwaungabi nehaba.• Ungamlungisi indlela asho ngayo nomaumqedelele umusho wakhe. Kungenzekauyazi ukuthi ufuna ukuthini kodwa mlindeaqede ukuze ungamophuli umoya. Myekeazikhulumele.• Buza umbuzo ngesikhathi. Uma umbuzoudinga impendulo elukhuni umbuzo wakhouhlukanise izigaba ezidinga izimpenduloezimfushanyana.• Khuluma ucacise futhi ungatatazeli,ungabinehaba. indlela abakhuluma ngayo ayizeingaba namthelela ekuqondeni kwabo.• Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uzwe kahle phindalokhu Abakushilo ucele bakulungise umawenze iphutha.20

Abantu abanokukhubazeka ngokomqondo *Ukugula ngokwengqondo kuchazwangezindlela ezahlukene. Kunga shoukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokuzizwa,u k u b h e k a , i m i c a b a n g o , i z i f i s o ,ukukhumbula nokuziphatha. Ukukhubazekangokomqondo kungaphatha noma ubanikodwa ayikatholakali imbangela yakho.Uma umqondo ulimele ungakwa ziukusebenza kahle, sithi lowo muntuunokukhubazeka ngokokuhlakanipha. Lokhukungahlasela noma ubani. Ziningi izisusazakho kodwa asikatholakali okuyisonasona.• Oyedwa kwabane bethu siyohlangananenkinga yezengqondo kodwainingi lethu liyolapheka.• Inkinga enkulu laba bantu abanalokhukukhubazeka ababhekana nayoyindlela abathatheka ngayokunale esuke ibaphethe.• Esikhathini esiningi ngeke wazi nomaubone ukuthi lo muntu unale nkinga.• Abanye abanale nkinga bayakwaziukuqhubeka nezimpilo zabo kantiabanye badinga ukwesekwa njalo nje.Ungasiza kanjani?Ukuxhumana• Abantu abanalokhu kukhuba zekaakusho ukuthi abahlakaniphile ngakhokeungacabangi ukuthi abaqondi ukuthiuthini.• Xhumana naye njengawo wonke umuntuungamphathi ngokwehlukile. Ungahlekisingabo nangendlela abaqonda ngayoizinto.• Kuhle ukubekezela kodwa ungadlali ngabo.Indlela engcono ukuthi ungasebenzisiamagama aqinile, gcina ingxoxo yenuiqondile nje.• Zama ukushintsha imisho ukuze uboneukuthi usazoqhubeka uthole impenduloefanayo yini.• Uma kudingekile ungasebenzisaizinsiza zokukhuluma njengezithombenemifanekiso.Indlela enhle• Amukela , uqonde bese umsekela.• Iba nesineke ungamcindezeli ukuthiaphendule imibuzo yakho ngokushesha.• Ezinye izinto zingabanga ingcindezikubalwa indlu ecinene, amalambu akhanyakakhulu, umsindo nomculo ovulwekakhulu.• Uma umuntu enomnakekeli, khulumanomuntu kuqala hhayi umnakekeli* Okuqukethwe kuthathwe emsebenzini onikezwe ngabakwa SAFMH21

Umuntu onokonakala ebusweniAbantu abanokonakala ebusweni babhekananobunzima empilweni ngenxa yalesi simongoba umphakathi awubamukeli njengobabenjalo. Lokhu kungaholela ekuthini bazizwebengakhululekile. Ngakho-ke kufaneleucabange ukuthi bangaba novalo, bazizwebengavikelekile futhi bazibukele phansi.Ungakha ubudlelwano obuhle nabo umaubathatha njengabantu abayibona unganakiukonakala kobuso babo.Ungasiza kanjani?Ukuxhumana• Musa ukubagqolozela, babuke njengobausuke Ubuka abanye abantu.• Naka lokhu umuntu akushoyo unganakiukuthi ubukeka kanjani. Lokhu akushoukuthi ungababheki uma ukhuluma nabo.• Noma ngabe uzizwa ungakhululekileungavumeli ukuthi akubone lokho futhiungabenzi bazizwe bengakhululekile.• Ukubukeka yisikhumba nje, yazi ukuthingale kwendlela ababukeka ngayobangabantu abajwayelekile.22

Amazwi okubongaHuman Rights and Disability. Ikhishwe ngabe South African Human Rights Commission(www.sahrc.org.za).Preferred Terminology. Ikhishwe ngabe National Council for Persons with PhysicalDisabilities in South Africa (www.ncppdsa.org.za).Training Manual: The Integration of all Persons Experiencing Hearing Loss. Ikhishwengabe National Council for Persons with Physical Disabilities in South Africa (www.ncppdsa.org.za) no National Institute for the Deaf (www.deafnet.co.za).What to do when you meet a blind person. Ikhishwe ngabe National Council for theBlind (www.sancb.org.za)Welcoming Disabled Customers. Ikhishwe ngabe- Employers’ Forum on Disability (www.employers-forum.co.uk).Disability Communication Guide. Ikhishwe ngabe- Employers’ Forum on Disability(www.employers-forum.co.uk).Disability and Social Change. A South African Agenda. Watermeyer, B., L. Swartz, TLorenzo, M Schneider & Mark Priestly (Abahleli). 2006. Human Sciences Research Council,Cape TownDo it Right! Your All-In-One How-To Guide. Tips, Techniques & handouts for asuccessful Awareness Day from the Ragged Edge Online Community. Johnson, M(Umhleli). 2006. Disability Awareness – The Avocado Press Louisville.Engela Nel. APD Western Cape. engela@apd-wc.org.zaNational Institute for the Deaf (NID).Tel: (023) 342 5555. http://www.deafnet.co.za/23

URobert Crisp wazalwa ngo- 1960 edolobhaneni elincanelemayini maphakathi neNingizimu Afrika. Ngezikhathizakhe esengumfundi wayechitha isikhathi esiningi ezilolongakwezobuciko futhi ejabulisa abafundi ayefunda nabo eklasiningezithombe ezazihlekisa kakhulu.Eseqede iminyaka emibili yokwenza iNational Serviceumbuthweni wezempi njengePathfinder kwezabasebenzisaamapharashutha waya eYurophu lapho ahlangana khonanomkakhe u-Eilat. URobert naye wayephila nokukhubazeka,ngo-1986 waphuka intamo noma umqala. Uhlala no-Eilat eGolilapho asebenza khona njengomdwebi mfanekiso okufundele.“Ngibheka abantu, izinto abazenzayo nezinto abazakhayo. Lokhunentshisekelo yokubona ukuthi ngingawukopisha kanjani umfanekisowe “second split” ofika emqondweni wami, yikhona okungenzangihlale nginentshisekelo yokuthola imibono emisha”.www.rjcrisp.co.za | crisp@artslink.co.za