lecture - VNU
lecture - VNU
lecture - VNU
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
§ !#"%$'&(&("*),+§-/.(01)2"(3%4657-28'+,9$'&:"(GIHKJL-/3FM68":3(B806-A$'& N O<br />
¢¡¤£¤¥§¦¨¥©§<br />
PQ<br />
£ ¤¦¥¨§© ¦¨¨ ¦¨! ¨"#$<br />
ODQGZLUWVFKDIWOLFK% (QWZLFNOXQ& XQ' (0$( L)<br />
1DFKKDOWLJ%<br />
)UDQNUHLFK<br />
6HLWH<br />
• :D* LV+ GL, 6$) "<br />
<br />
• (LQLJ- 6$) :HUN]HXJH<br />
<br />
• $'(6. 6HOEV/ 'LDJQRV0 8PZHO/ 6LFKHUKHL/ I1 /DQGZLUW<br />
$XV]X5 GH7 DX6<br />
,QIRUPDWLRQH8 EH9 EHDFKWHQGH8 ]; GL:<br />
%HWULH? $XVZHUWXQ< Å/@ I= %RXWDUGLqUH´A GH> L><br />
- (UKHEXQJVERJHQ <br />
- 5HJHOQ <br />
-<br />
VFKDIW2 %HLVSLHO3 I4 %UHQQVWRIIH<br />
%HUU\<br />
<br />
• (0$B HUVFKHLQC QLFKC LD IUDQ]|VLVFKHE /DQGVFKDIW<br />
• $XF GHG 3IDH ,6I J Å3RK DL 3LQ´ *HVFKLFKWH<br />
<br />
<br />
• 8QM IN GLO =XNXQIP LVP DOOHQ RIIHQ<br />
<br />
R,SUT V W¤Ẍ Y§Z [ \^]`_bä cDdef/g hibj \kabibf/c_baKlfnm¨oh§a<br />
p¨qr,s?r§p t u§v=wbx yKz¨{|k} wbz¨{x ỳ ~kb€ƒ‚n} yb‚/ỳ „ÿ ~6…†}‡zÿ ~(„yKˆ‰{}‡z|%u=|^} ybzzy<br />
Š‹DŒAŽ ‘ ’“k”•b–Ž¨— ˜ ¨š§››œžŸ /¡ ¢<br />
£ƒ¤b¥¨¦¨§/¤K©ª «U¬ ¯®¤°=± ²b³°=²¨´¤µD ³·n¸ƒ¹Aº »=¼^± ¸³`²¼½²¨°¾¨³¸ƒ¿ ¸¨À§± ²¨´%Á¸bÂb¹D¿ à ij§Å±Æ¹/¸³¨³²bº#²b³¼<br />
ǃÈbɆʇËÊ ÌƒÍΞÏЉÑ
§ !#"%$'&(&("*),+§-/.(01)2"(3%4657-28'+,9$'&:"(GIHKJL-/3FM68":3(B806-A$'& N O<br />
¢¡¤£¤¥§¦¨¥©§<br />
PQ<br />
:DV LVW GLH 6$) <br />
£¥¤¡¦¨§©¡© !"#$ %¡! &('*)+,¥- .<br />
"<br />
JHJUQGHW<br />
-DKU1<br />
6FKR/ L0<br />
243<br />
ODQGZLUWVFKDIWOLFK1 %HUXIVYHUEDQ6<br />
DO5<br />
9 DOV ÅYR: |IIHQWOLFK; ,QWHUHVVH< JHPHLQ<br />
-DKU8<br />
HUNDQQW<br />
,7<br />
QW]OLFK=<br />
0XWWH> YR? ]DKOUHLFKH? (LQULFKWXQJH?<br />
%DQNH? @<br />
ACB#DFEGIHKJ"LNM¡DOHPRQSUTWV<br />
g ifjlkWm*nWo¢pqm*rts¥uvwpfn"oyx{z}|¡~OpvRuox€ ~‚u(k¨ƒn„ln¡… XY[Z\I]K^`_ba"^*ac(dfe<br />
•(ŽO–—˜š¢›*˜Ž[wœ<br />
9HUVLFKHUXQh<br />
Ĉ‰Š‹Œb"Ž[w{‘“’” ZLUWVFKDIWVNDPPH‡<br />
† /DQG<br />
8Q<br />
MHW]W <br />
• 0LWJOLHGH¢ L£<br />
• 6LWž LŸ<br />
PL¡ ORNDOHŸ Å6DIFOXEV´<br />
3DULV<br />
)UDQNUHLFK¥ ]X¢ +lOIW¦ /DQGZLUWH¥ ]X¢<br />
JDQ¤<br />
DQGHU¦ PL§ /DQGZLUWVFKDI§ YHUEXQGHQ¦ %HUXIH¨<br />
+lOIW¦<br />
8QWHUQHKPHU¥ -XULVWHQ¥ %HDPWHQ<br />
,QGXVWULHOOHU¥<br />
3DUWQH© PLª '/*« 5$6¬ 5R\D $JULFXOWXUD 6RFLHW\®« (/¯<br />
•<br />
/DQGRZQHUV± 2UJDQL]DWLRQ<br />
(XURSHD°<br />
$QVWLIWH² YR° ]DKOUHLFKH° • $NWLYLWlWHQ<br />
,QWHUQDWLRQDOH° 9HUVDPPOXQJHQ³<br />
-<br />
7HFKQLVFK´ $UELHWVJUXSHµ XQ - $XVVFKVVH<br />
%HUXIVDXVELOGXQ· PL¸ &HQD· - ¹¢º#»¼½*¾F»À¿Á(¾ÄÃÆÅÇIÈ(¾OÉÊÂâ½*¾F»<br />
Ë“ÌÎÍWÏÐ*ÑFÒ¥ÓÑOÔÖÕ×Ò¥Ø Ù<br />
IÚ<br />
DQGZLUWVFKDIWÛ %HWULHEH<br />
$QGHUÜ |IIHQWOLFKÜ NRVWORVÜ :HUN]HXJÜ XQÝ +LOIVPLWWHÞ • Lß<br />
ZLÜ GHá Z|FKOLFKHá 6$)%ULHIâ $'(6$â 4(6DJUL<br />
,QWHUQHWà<br />
R,SUT V W¤Ẍ Y§Z [ \^]`_bä cDdef/g hibj \kabibf/c_baKlfnm¨oh§a<br />
p¨qr,s?r§p t u§v=wbx yKz¨{|k} wbz¨{x ỳ ~kb€ƒ‚n} yb‚/ỳ „ÿ ~6…†}‡zÿ ~(„yKˆ‰{}‡z|%u=|^} ybzzy<br />
Š‹DŒAŽ ‘ ’“k”•b–Ž¨— ˜ ¨š§››œžŸ /¡ ¢<br />
£ƒ¤b¥¨¦¨§/¤K©ª «U¬ ¯®¤°=± ²b³°=²¨´¤µD ³·n¸ƒ¹Aº »=¼^± ¸³`²¼½²¨°¾¨³¸ƒ¿ ¸¨À§± ²¨´%Á¸bÂb¹D¿ à ij§Å±Æ¹/¸³¨³²bº#²b³¼<br />
ǃÈbɆʇËÊ ÌƒÍΞÏЉÑ
]<br />
§ !#"%$'&(&("*),+§-/.(01)2"(3%4657-28'+,9$'&:"(GIHKJL-/3FM68":3(B806-A$'& N O<br />
¢¡¤£¤¥§¦¨¥©§<br />
PQ<br />
6$)V :HUN]HXJH<br />
¥<br />
6$ %ULHI DXI¦<br />
'H£<br />
Z|FKHQWOLFK¤<br />
ZZZDJULFXOWHXUVGHIUDQFHFRP<br />
¨ © "!$#%&')(*+,-+./10324!654(7892;:1¡(+.?<br />
$GHV§<br />
² 'LDJQRVA 6LFKHUKHLB 8PZHOW DXC 3DSLHD XQE ,QWHUQHF<br />
6HOEV@<br />
8QWHUVWW]XQH GHI *UXSSJ 7RWDOK¡L ZZZFOXE<br />
PLG<br />
M DJULFXOWXUHFRP $GHVD<br />
D *HVHW]OLFKR XQS QRUPDWLYR 5HJHOXQJHQ<br />
N )UDJHO PLP $XVNQIWQ EHU<br />
]XU 'XUVFKIKUXQV YRT 6HOEVWGLDJQRVH<br />
E0HWKRGHT<br />
+DQGJULIIW XX DXVUHLFKHQGW XQY ELOOLJW (UO|VXQJHZ<br />
F<br />
VHOEV[ ]\ ILQGHQ<br />
:RKQKDXV_ /DJHUJHElXGH_ +RIDXVUVWXQJ_<br />
7HLOH^<br />
YRa (QWVFKHLGXQJ_ )HOGHUNHQQWLVVH_<br />
'XUVFKIRUVFKXQ`<br />
*HZlFKVKDVHUb %HZlVVHUXQJ:DVVHUVFKXW]c<br />
9LHK]XFKWb<br />
Å5DWVFKOlJHe +DQGJULIIHe 0HWKRGHQ´<br />
+DQGEXFKd<br />
4(6DJUL fhgji4kl¢monqp r s'tu%vwyx4t¡t¡z{|zt/} r ~3€
§ !#"%$'&(&("*),+§-/.(01)2"(3%4657-28'+,9$'&:"(GIHKJL-/3FM68":3(B806-A$'& N O<br />
¢¡¤£¤¥§¦¨¥©§<br />
P@P<br />
• )RUXP<br />
Q,RTS U V¤Ẅ X§Y Z []\_^a`¨bDcde/f ghai [jàhae/b^a`Kkeml¨ng§`<br />
ö pq,r?q§o s t§u=vaw xKÿ z{j| vaÿ zw x_}j~a€‚m| x~a/x_ƒẍ }6„…|†yẍ }(ƒxK‡ˆz|†y{%t={]| xayyx<br />
‰ŠD‹AŒ Ž ‘’j“”a•¨– — ˜¨§šš› œžŸ/ ¡<br />
¢‚£a¤¨¥§¦/£K¨© ªT« ¬®¤¯=° ±a²¯=±¨³¤´Dµ ²m·‚¸A¹ º=»]° ·²_±»¼±¨¯½¨²·‚¾ ·¨¿§° ±¨³%À·aÁaḐ¾  ò§Ä°Å¸/·²¨²±a¹#±a²»<br />
Æ‚ÇaȅɆÊÉ Ë‚ÌÍ ÎψÐ
Ã<br />
Ú<br />
Ú<br />
ÄÅ8ÆsǤÈCÉ<br />
Ê©Ë|ÌÎÍ8ÏÌcË Æ ËÏ Ä<br />
Ã<br />
£¢¥¤Ôûú<br />
õ+ö©÷'øRù:ú–ù'ûýü6þ¤ÿ¡<br />
§©¨ þû:úü¡ÿ¤£¢ùù¤ÿû<br />
¦<br />
¦<br />
! "$#&% <br />
<br />
6,7©8:98?9A@?CBD;9?E?8DFHG¡I&JK?<br />
1¥231254<br />
MONN JK7¡I¥;9Ra`b©cR£T<br />
X<br />
d UWeS:_¥W
l<br />
m<br />
n<br />
o<br />
§ !" #%$'&)(*(*$,+.-§/10*23+4$*5'6879/4:)-.;&)(=>-?+¢/4&)(*2A@85B-?79/C&)D*+CEF50GEF586H@*IKJMLN/15HO8:$
ÈiÉ%Ê Ë ÌÎÍfÏÑÐÓÒ2Æ9ÉaÈË ÔÕË9Öš×3Ø9ÐNÆÙaÔËkÚ9É%Ê¡ÍfÏÛÉÚ ÈËÝܘÇ9ËÞÈCÈË<br />
ÅÆ.Ç<br />
æç'èêéQç'ë3èìííiì%èHîCï2çÃð9íQæ%ñ)èÑò>îCóô^æ õÞöÂîëæfæçÃñ)ï2ç^÷Hïaòpö¡î8è3ð<br />
ß0àá^âHã9ß0ä)à9å<br />
3þ ûHû0þ£¢¥¤§¦û•ü©¨pü8þaû¡ ý Hü© 'þû <br />
úû>ü8ýþfÿþ¡<br />
#"%$ & '("%)(*,+©-(. "%).-/§*0,+1-(. "2$#3*# 44$5¥$ .<br />
!<br />
A8#S9MG#a;b=G#8<br />
67(89,:=@?BADC1:E;0FHGHAI:KJ07§G;:LAG9M:KN#7O?BPHG:©ARQ§=:
§ !#"%$'&(&("*),+§-/.(01)2"(3%4657-28'+,9$'&:"(GIHKJL-/3FM68":3(B806-A$'& N O<br />
¢¡¤£¤¥§¦¨¥©§<br />
PQ<br />
£¥¤§¦©¨¤¤¦ !"$#&%'(*)$"+,-+$#.)-/'0"(1+,- 2<br />
R,SUT V W¤Ẍ Y§Z [ \^]`_bä cDdef/g hibj \kabibf/c_baKlfnm¨oh§a<br />
p¨qr,s?r§p t u§v=wbx yKz¨{|k} wbz¨{x ỳ ~kb€ƒ‚n} yb‚/ỳ „ÿ ~6…†}‡zÿ ~(„yKˆ‰{}‡z|%u=|^} ybzzy<br />
Š‹DŒAŽ ‘ ’“k”•b–Ž¨— ˜ ¨š§››œžŸ /¡ ¢<br />
£ƒ¤b¥¨¦¨§/¤K©ª «U¬ ¯®¤°=± ²b³°=²¨´¤µD ³·n¸ƒ¹Aº »=¼^± ¸³`²¼½²¨°¾¨³¸ƒ¿ ¸¨À§± ²¨´%Á¸bÂb¹D¿ à ij§Å±Æ¹/¸³¨³²bº#²b³¼<br />
ǃÈbɆʇËÊ ÌƒÍΞÏЉÑ
§ !#"%$'&(&("*),+§-/.(01)2"(3%4657-28'+,9$'&:"(GIHKJL-/3FM68":3(B806-A$'& N O<br />
¢¡¤£¤¥§¦¨¥©§<br />
PQ<br />
(0$6 HUVFKHLQW QLFKW LQ IUDQ]|VLVFKHU /DQGVFKDIW<br />
£<br />
,<br />
¤<br />
)UDQNUHLF<br />
£<br />
DFURQ\§ Å(0$6¨ QLFK¥ EHNDQQW© PD<br />
GH¦ LV¥<br />
GD Å(FRDXGLW´ QDF GH YR $'(0 ! "$#%'&')(*+"¡,<br />
QHQQ¥<br />
-/.¡013240/5647138:9@?38BA<br />
JHIKUWD $E (QGC FHG JLEI HJ QXK G<br />
0HWKRGC<br />
(FR$XGLL EHFKHLQLJWM %HWULHEH<br />
/DQGZLUWVFKDIW<br />
,N<br />
]XHUVO KDEHP ZLQ $2R S T"UUWVYXZX\[^]`_badcfeghaiB_kjl_hcVnmoaYc¡]pi
ƒ…„F†1‡^ˆ‰‹ŠLŒV‡‰Lˆ>„DŒ)Ž$‘‰L‡D’£“”•Œ–—„˜#Ž$<br />
‚<br />
›…œD£ž^Ÿ ¢¡¤£¥œ§¦$ 1œF )£©¨•£¥ª«#¬ª®# 1¯±°$ £œ^žD£¥ L¦$¯€²1 žj¯³)¬+¨´¯<br />
š<br />
¸·K¹º+»§¼§½¸¼§½¾L·¢½V·¿¼Dº1ÀÁ+·$¾ ´¾£Ã>½¥º<br />
µ<br />
Å…ÆÇ#È:ÉÊzËgÊLÈDÌ£ÍÏΣÐ)Ñ+ÎÒ¢ÓBÍ¥ÆÕÔÑ#Î$Ð#ÊLÎ<br />
Ä<br />
,!-.0/12435!67892:8§?@.7A1BC@DA1!E4?GFHJI7KF>?E4/LGMNB;=?O6/FP8§?398§?RQ?E4?@.S7K1!EM<br />
+<br />
UWV4XZY\[G]]^Y¥_`KaWbdcfedbgGhji4`eklgNe"mgno>cpgK_<br />
T<br />
rNst!uusAvxw§y(z4{|~}€{N‚ƒss!z4{G‚¥{N!w„€{|~}€{GO…N†‡s€ˆ‰yŠ€{@‹JŒ9Žtu!wPNvxzl{K<br />
q<br />
’“”–•——9“N˜9š›œNJ“—Ÿž šš¡“¢˜¤£K¥S——§¦)¨K˜©ª=“R«¡¦¥0 š¬l“Nš<br />
‘<br />
¯„°§±²A³(´§µ9°9·¸A¸ ²G¹»ºG³f°²K¼l´)³=½K¹ ¾ ¿ÀÁlÂÃ9ħÂÆÅpÅxħÂGÇÉÈÊÂGÇJ¿^Ç)ÊÂAË(ÄÃ)Ì!¢Ç9ÍÎAÅxÄÀËpÃ9ÃÂ<br />
®<br />
Ð ËÑÅÓÒKÔÀÁ&ÃÖÕNÅx×À"ÔAÀÒOØÙ63@+=57-A$'B()ACD3.ECD364F>(GIHKJL-/3FM68":3(B806-A$'& NDO P<br />
¢¡¤£¤¥§¦¨¥©§<br />
QR<br />
¤<br />
3R<br />
D¥ 3L¦<br />
(LQ§ 0DQQVFKDI¨ © )ULVFKH ª<br />
! #"$%'&()%£*+!,-£.0/1*2,$34<br />
©£<br />
56#7#8:9+;=@?BACDCFEGH=AJIK7£EL8:7$E#AC<br />
-<br />
M(N£O:PQPLNSR$P+TVUXWPYDR)YZ1[$\Q£PLY^]<br />
-<br />
_a`cbedgfHhjidkFl£mhbon)kFh^p+m$q<br />
-<br />
rs1t>uJv)wHxzyx{v1|}j~cs){j}€#|$<br />
-<br />
1DKUXQJVPLWWHOVLFKHUKHLW<br />
Ö ×'ØÙ#ÚÛÝÜ£Ù#ØjÞڣ߿à#Ú$á!âäãåãÞLÚæ^ç$Þ+è¸æ<br />
$QVHKHé EHLê 9HUEUDXFKHU<br />
ëíì#î$ïðoñò:ó¿ó>ñî+îñîõôöì÷:÷:ñî<br />
•<br />
ø+ùú'ûgùLúDü)úFý1þ$ÿ¡ £ùLú£¢¥¤Ïú§¦©¨'ù:ÿ LúKÿ 1ý1ú£ùLú¦£ùùú¤ù)ü<br />
•<br />
íùLþFù¢þ! ‘ý1þ"¤#$¦¤Vúù#ÿ%&'¤( ûgùúFüújý1þ$ÿ ùú)*^ù¤#<br />
•<br />
8PZHOWYHUDQWZRUWXQJ<br />
9HUDQWZRUWXQJ<br />
6R]LDO<br />
þNÿ¡ £¢¤¢¥¢ÿ§¦©¨¡¨ ¡£¥£¨ ¨ !"$#&%('£)!*,+-§#./#ÿ0 1¢2§#3'§#4¦0ÿ25¨<br />
S,TVU W X¤Ÿ Z§[ \ ]_^a`cb¨dDefg/h ijck ]lbcjcg/d`cbKmgon¨pi§b<br />
q¨rs,t?s§q u v§w=xcy zK{¨|}l~ xc{¨|y zal€c‚„ƒo~ z€cƒ/za…z¨6†‡~ˆ{z¨(…zK‰Š|~ˆ{}%v=}_~ zc{{z<br />
‹ŒDAŽ‘’ “”l•–c—¨˜ š¨›§œœŸž ¡/¢ £<br />
¤„¥c¦¨§©¨/¥Kª« ¬V ®°¯¤±=² ³c´±=³¨µ¤D· ´¸o¹„ºA»‘¼=½_² ¹á³½¾³¨±¿¨´¹„À ¹¨Á§² ³¨µ%¹cÃcºDÀ Ä Å´§Æ²Çº/¹´¨´³c»#³c´½<br />
È„ÉcʇˈÌË Í„ÎÏŸÐÑŠÒ
§ !#"%$'&(&("*),+§-/.(01)2"(3%4657-28'+,9$'&:"(GIHKJL-/3FM68":3(B806-A$'& NON P<br />
¢¡¤£¤¥§¦¨¥©§<br />
QR<br />
¤<br />
QLFK<br />
Å8£<br />
]¥ HUOHLGHQ¦ JUHLIH§ ZL¨ YRU´<br />
S,TVU W X¤Ÿ Z§[ \ ]_^a`cb¨dDefg/h ijck ]lbcjcg/d`cbKmgon¨pi§b<br />
q¨rs,t?s§q u v§w=xcy zK{¨|}l~ xc{¨|y zal€c‚„ƒo~ z€cƒ/za…z¨6†‡~ˆ{z¨(…zK‰Š|~ˆ{}%v=}_~ zc{{z<br />
‹ŒDAŽ‘’ “”l•–c—¨˜ š¨›§œœŸž ¡/¢ £<br />
¤„¥c¦¨§©¨/¥Kª« ¬V ®°¯¤±=² ³c´±=³¨µ¤D· ´¸o¹„ºA»‘¼=½_² ¹á³½¾³¨±¿¨´¹„À ¹¨Á§² ³¨µ%¹cÃcºDÀ Ä Å´§Æ²Çº/¹´¨´³c»#³c´½<br />
È„ÉcʇˈÌË Í„ÎÏŸÐÑŠÒ
• (LQLJ<br />
• :Lw VLQx QLFKu DOOHLQy ZLs LVu Hv P|JOLFz GLs HXURSlLVFKs<br />
§ !#"%$'&(&("*),+§-/.(01)2"(3%4657-28'+,9$'&:"(GIHKJL-/3FM68":3(B806-A$'& NDO P<br />
¢¡¤£¤¥§¦¨¥©§<br />
QR<br />
¤<br />
8Q<br />
I¥ GL¦ =XNXQI§ LV§ DOOH¨ RIIHQ<br />
• 6LFKHUKHL© ² 8PZHO ² 4XDOLWl HLJHQH :HJ<br />
SULRULWlWHQ<br />
- $XIZHUWXQ GH /DQGZLUWVFKDIWOLVFKH %HUXIV<br />
- %HZDKUXQ YR QDWUOLFKH 4XHOOHQ %RGHQ :DVVHU<br />
/XIW /DQGVFKDIWHQ $UWHQYLHOIDOW .RKOHQVWRI<br />
<br />
&DUERQ<br />
- *HELHWPDQDJHPHQW<br />
• 1HX 7HFKQRORJL VLQ Q|WLJ<br />
- *3 I JHQDX )HOGHUNHQQWLVV<br />
- ('! "$#&%('£)+*-,/.10324)65879*-7:2;03*