La discapacidad lab o ral de las madres se asocia con D ep resión ...

172 SIRKKA PEIPONEN ET AL.
mal crecimiento e individuación en el curso
del desarrollo del adolescente.
N u e s t ros resultados ap oyan la import a n c i a
que tiene el buen funcionamiento mat e rn o
s o b re el conjunto de la familia. No obstante,
esto no significa que otros miembros de la
familia no sean importantes para el cre c imiento
y desarrollo del adolescente o para la
p revención de la enfe rmedad dep re s iva. La
d i s c apacidad de la madre puede tener pro f u ndos
efectos sobre los adolescentes, en mayo r
modo que otros fa c t o res psicosociales, en lo
que concierne a ge n e rar pro blemas de salud
mental. Claramente parecen ser necesari a s
nu evas inve s t i gaciones en este campo a fin de
a cl a rar con mas detalle los dife rentes pap e l e s
e j e rcidos por los dife rentes miembros de la
familia en relación con los pro blemas psiq
u i á t ricos de la adolescencia.
Bibliografía
G O O D M A N, S. H . , H OV E N, C . W. , NA R ROW, S. E . ,
C O H E N, P. ,F I E L D I N G, B. M . ,A L E G R I A ,M . ,L E A F, P. J. ,
K A N D E L , D. , McCUE HORW I T Z , S. , B R AVO, M . ,
M O O R E ,R . ,D U L C A N, M.K. Measurement of risk for mental
d i s o rd e rs and competence in the National Health Institute
of Mental Health Methods for the Epidemiology of Child
and Adolescent Mental Disord e rs (MECA) study. S o c i a l
P s y ch i at ry Psych i at ry Epidemiology, 3 3 :1 6 2 - 1 8 3 ,1 9 9 8 .
H A M M E N, C . , RU D O P H , K . , W E I S Z , J. , R AO, U. ,
BU R G E , D. The context of dep ression in cl i n i c - re fe rre d
youth:neglected areas in treatment. J Am Acad Child Ado -
lescent Psychiatry 38: 64-71, 1998.
K A S L OW, N. J. , D E E R I N G, C . G. , R AC U S I N, G. R .
Depressed children and their families. Clinical Psychology
Rev 14: 39-59, 1994.
L E W I N S O H N, P. M . , RO B E RT S, R . E . , S E E L E Y, J. R . ,
ROHDE, P.,GOTLIB, I.H.,HOPS, H. Adolescent psychop
at h o l ogy. II: p s y chosocial risk fa c t o rs for dep re s s i o n .
Journal Abnormal Psychology 103: 302-315, 1994b.
L E W I N S O H N, P. M . , RO H D E , P. , S E E L E Y, J.R. A d olescent
psychopathology III. The clinical consequences of
c o m o r b i d i t y. J Am Acad Child Adolescent Psych i at ry 3 4 :
510-519, 1995.
LEWINSOHN, P.M., ROHDE, P.,SEELEY, J.R. Major
d ep re s s ive disorder in older adolescents: p reva l e n c e, ri s k
factors and clinical implications. Clinical Psychology Rev
18: 765-794, 1998.
O L S S O N, G. Adolescent dep ression. Epidemiology,
nosology, life stress and social network. Minireview based
on doctoral thesis. Ups J Med Sci 103: 77-145, 1998.
PALOSAARI, U.K.,ARO, H.M. Parental divorce, selfesteem
and dep re s s i o n : an intimate re l ationship as a pro t e ct
ive factor in young adulthood. Jo u rnal A ffe c t ive Disease
35: 91-96, 1995.
PA L O S A A R I , U. , A RO, H . , L A I P PA L A , P. Pa re n t a l
d ivo rce and dep ression in young adulthood: a d o l e s c e n t s
closeness to parents and self-esteem as mediating fa c t o r.
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 93: 20-36, 1996.
P R A N G E , M . E . , G R E E N BAU M , B. E . , S I LV E R , S. E . ,
F R I E D M A N, R . M . ,K U TA S H , K . , D U C H N OW S K I ,A . J.
Fa m i ly functioning and psych o p at h o l ogy among adolescents
with seve re emotional disturbances. Jo u rnal A b n o r -
mal Child Psychology 20: 83-102, 1992.
R E S N I C K , M . D. , B E A R M A N, P. S. , B L U M , R . W. ,
BAUMAN, K.E., HARRIS, K.M., JONES, J., TABOR, J.,
BEUHRING, T.,SIEVING, R.E.,SHOW, M., IRELAND,
M . ,B E A R I N G E R ,L . H . ,U D RY, J.R. Protecting adolescents
from harm. Findings from the National Longitudinal Study
on Adolescent Health. JAMA 10: 278: 823-32, 1997.
R I S K I N D, J. H . ,B E C K ,A . T. ,B E R C H I C K ,R . J. ,B ROW N,
G. , S T E E R , R.A. Reliability of DSM-III diagnoses fo r
major dep ression and ge n e ra l i zed anxiety disorder using
the stru c t u ral clinical interv i ew for DSM-III. A rch ive s
G e n e ral Psych i at ry 4 4 :8 1 7 - 2 0 ,1 9 8 7 .
RO H D E , P. ,L E W I N S O H N, P. M . ,S E E L E Y, J.R. Comorbidity
of unipolar dep re s s i o n :II. Jo u rnal A b n o rmal Psych o -
l ogy 1 0 0 : 2 1 4 - 2 2 2 ,1 9 9 1 .
S H I N E R , R . L . , M A R M O R S T E I N, N.R. Fa m i ly env ironments
of adolescents with lifetime depression:Associations
with mat e rnal dep ression history. J Am Acad Child
Adolesc Psychiatry 37; 11: 1152-1160, 1998.
S K R E , I . , O N S TA D, S. , TO R G E R S E N, S. , K R I N-
G L E N, E. High interrater re a l i ability for the Stru c t u re d
Clinical Interv i ew for DSM-III-R Axis I (SCID - I). A c t a
Psychiatrica Scandinavica 84: 167-73, 1991.
S P I T Z E R , R . L . ,W I L L I A M S, U. B. W. , G I B B O N, M . ,
FIRST, M.B. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-
III-R (SCID-I):History, rationale and description. Archives
General Psychiatry 9: 624-29, 1992.