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www.ijms.uum.edu.my dan industri. Kursus jangka pendek kaedah pemindahan kemahiran di tempat kerja hendaklah diberikan kepada majikan atau penyelia agar latihan amali industri yang dilalui oleh pelatih lebih sistematik dan berkesan. Sebagai galakan kepada majikan untuk memberikan pendedahan kerja sebenar yang sistematik, insentif kewangan atau pelepasan cukai wajar diberikan kepada majikan. 234 IJMS 14 (1), 212-244 (2006) RUJUKAN Abd Hair Awang. (2004). Keberkesanan kebolehpasaran pelatih dalam industri latihan vokasional terpilih. Tesis PhD. Universiti Putra Malaysia. Abdelkarim, A. (1997). Technical and vocational education and training in the Philippines: Experience and views of trainees. International manpower, 18(98), 675-701. Affrassa, T. M. (2000). Student level factors that influence the employability of 1999 South Australian TAFE graduate: A partial least squares path analysis. UNESCO TVET, Asia Pacific conference, Adelaide, 26-28 March. Ahamad, B. & Blaug, M. (1973). The Practice of Manpower Forecasting: A Collection of Case Studies. Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company. Al–Khayyat, R. M. & Elgamal, M. A. (1997). A macro model of training and development: Validation. Journal of European industrial training, 21(3), 87 – 101. ANTA. (2000). Australian Vocational education and Training Statistics 1999: Student outcomes survey – National report.Kensington Park: National center of vocational education and training (NCVER) ltd. Arriagada, A. M. (1990). Labor market outcomes of non-formal training for male and female workers in Peru. Economics of Education Review, 9 (4), 331-342. Arriagada, A. M., & Ziderman, A. (1992).Vocational Secondary Schooling; Occupational Choice, and Earnings in Brazil. Working Papers, 1037. Washington: The World Bank. Athanasou, J. A. (2001). Young people in transition: Factors influencing the educational-vocational pathways of Australian schoolleavers. Education and Training, 43 (3): 132-138. Azari, C. E. (1996). Measuring student outcomes in postsecondary vocational education. Using wage record data. Community College Review, 24 (3), 37. Barnard, Y. F., Veldhuis, G. J & Van Rooij, J. C. G. M. (2001). Evaluation in practice: Identifying factors for improving transfer of training in technical domains. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 27, 269-290.
www.ijms.uum.edu.my Becker, G. S. (1994). Investment in human capital: A theoretical analysis. Dalam P. Cappelli (Ed) Training and development in public and private policy. Aldershot: Dartmouth Publishing Company Limited. Bennell, P. (1993). The costs effectiveness of alternative training modes: Engineering artisans in Zimbabwe. Comparative Education Review, 37 (4), 434-453. Bishop, J. (1988). Vocational Education for at Risk Youth: How Can it be Made More Effective. New York: Center for advanced human resource studies, Cornel University. ED 297150. Bradley, S. (1997). The Youth Training Scheme: A Critical review of the evaluation literature. International Journal of Manpower. 16(4), 30- 56. Brodelhewt, W. A. (1999). Generic workplace skills for job application, employment, retention and career promotion in today economic environment. Honolulu: University of Hawaii. ED 430085. Callan, V. J. (2002). A study of VET student and teacher attitudes to generic skills: A Progress report. National VET Training Research Conference, Brisbane. 10 Julai. Campbell, C. (1994). A primer on determining the costs effectiveness of training – Part 1. Industrial and Commercial Training, 26 (11), 32-38. Carnoy, M. (1994). Efficiency and equity in vocational education and training policies. International Labor Review, 133 (2), 221-235. Catterall, J. S. (1984). Assessing the economic outcomes of vocational education. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 10, 17-26. Centko, J. (1995). Addressing the humanistic side of workforce education. Journal of industrial teacher education, 35 (2). Retrieve from JITE/v35n2/centko.html” http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/journals/ JITE/v35n2/centko.html. (9/24/02). Cohn, E. (1979). The Economics of Education. Cambridge: Ballinger publishing company. Conklin, K. A. (1996). Follow-up of JCCC career completers, class of 1994- 95. Research Report. (143). Overland Park: Johnshon county community college. ED405058. Cotton, K. (1999). Developing employability skills. School improvement research series. Retrieve from http://www.nwrel.org/scpd/SIRS/8/ co15.html. (11/6/98). Cummings, I. (2002). Lifelong learning, training and employment. Geneva: ILO. Dearden, L. McIntosh, Myck, M. & Vignoles, A. (2002). The return to academic, vocational and basic skills in Britain. Skills task force : Research Paper. London : Institute for fiscal studies and london school of economics. Dumbrell, T. (2000). Review of research: Measuring the outcomes of IJMS 14 (1), 212-244 (2006) 235
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