თოვლი

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ფამუქი
თოვლი
Turqulidan Targmna nana janaSiam
tovli didi zoma.indd 1 02.07.2013 16:00:13

orhan famuqi
Tovli
romani
meore gamocema, 2013
mTargmneli: nana janaSia
redaqtori: rusudan gorgaZe
damkabadonebeli: TinaTin berberaSvili
dizaineri: Tamuna TaTelaZe
qarTuli gamocema © bakur sulakauris gamomcemloba, 2011, 2012, 2013
yvela ufleba daculia.
Sps `bakur sulakauris gamomcemloba~
daviT aRmaSeneblis 150, Tbilisi 0112
elfosta: info@sulakauri.ge
ISBN 978-9941-15-903-9
Orhan Pamuk
KAR
Copyright © 2002, Illetisim Yayincilik A.Ş
All rights reserved
This translation has been published with the financial support of TEDA
Sulakauri Publishing, Tbilisi, Georgia
150, David Agmashenebeli Ave. Tbilisi 0112
E-mail: info@sulakauri.ge
www.sulakauri.ge
tovli didi zoma.indd 2 02.07.2013 16:00:13

eZRvneba Cems qaliSvils, ruias
`Cveni yuradReba unda mivapyroT sagnebis saSiS
zRvars, samarTlian qurds, mowyale mkvlels, crumorwmune
aTeists~.
robert brauningi
episkopos blougramis apologia
`politika literaturul nawarmoebSi iseTive
uxamsobaa, rogorc Sua koncertSi gasrolili
tyvia, magram misi ignorirebac SeuZlebelia. axla
ki saSinel simaxinjeebze visaubrebT...~
stendali
parmis savane
`gaanadgureT xalxi, gatexeT, gaaCumeT, radgan
evropis ganaTleba xalxze ufro mniSvnelovania~.
dostoevski
Zmebi karamazovebi (samuSao SeniSvnebi)
`dasavleli, romelic CemSi zis, mousvenradaa~.
jozef konradi
dasavlelis TvalTaxedviT
tovli didi zoma.indd 3 02.07.2013 16:00:13

tovli didi zoma.indd 4 02.07.2013 16:00:13

1
Tovlis mdumareba
yarsSi gamgzavreba
uxmoa Tovlio, fiqrobda kaci, romelic avtobusSi mZRols
ukan ejda. es rom leqsis dasawyisi yofiliyo, Tavis grZno bas
Tovlis siCumes daarqmevda.
avtobuss, romelsac arzrumidan yarsSi unda Caeyvana,
ukanasknel wams miuswro. stambolidan arzrumamde Tovlsa da
qarSi avtobusiT ori dRe imgzavra da rogorc iqna, arzrumis
avtosadgurSi CamoaRwia. axla, xelSi CanTiT, WuWyian da gamoyinul
derefnebSi imis dadgenas cdilobda, yarsis avtobusi
saidan unda gasuliyo. viRacam uTxra, sacaa daiZvrebao.
`magirusis~ markis Zveli avtobusis mZRols sabargo ganyofilebis
xelaxla gaxsna daezara da moimizeza, Zalian gveCqarebao.
amis gamo mgzavri iZulebuli gaxda, `balis~ firmis muqi
Sindisferi xelCanTa avtobusSi aetana da fexebSua moeTavsebina.
fanjarasTan mokalaTebuls xuTi wlis win frankfurtis
kaufhofSi 1 nayidi Tbili nacrisferi palto ecva. axlave unda
iTqvas, rom yarsSi gatarebuli dReebis ganmavlobaSi es fafuki
da lamazi palto misTvis erTi mxriv uxerxulobisa da diskomfortis,
meore mxriv ki imedis wyaro gaxdeboda.
daiZra Tu ara avtobusi, mgzavri, aqaoda rame axals vnaxavo,
didi interesiT Seudga arzrumis gareubnebis, pawawina
da Raribi maRaziebis, sacxobebisa da Zveli yavaxanebis Tva­
1.
Kaufhof – savaWro centri (germ.)
5
tovli didi zoma.indd 5 02.07.2013 16:00:13

lierebas. amasobaSi gaTovda kidec. amjerad ufro bardnida,
vidre stambolidan arzrumSi mgzavrobisas. daRlili rom ar
yofiliyo da bumbulebiviT mofarfate fifqebs metad dahkvirveboda,
SesaZloa mimxvdariyo, rom aseTi farfati Zlier
qarbuqs moaswavebda. maSin egeb isic egrZno winaswar, rom es
mogzauroba mTel mis cxovrebas amoayiravebda, da ukanac
gamobrunebuliyo.
magram amgvari azri TavSi arc ki uWaWanebda. mzera dabnelebasTan
erTad TiTqos ufro ganaTebuli cisTvis miepyro. gamsxvilebul
fifqebs miStereboda, qari haerSi rom atrialebda.
isini bavSvobidan SemorCenili bednierebisa da sisufTavis, da
ara moaxloebuli ubedurebis niSnebad eCveneboda. mgzavri
erTi kviris win, Tormetwliani ganSorebis Semdeg, dedis gardacvalebis
gamo stambolSi dabrunebuliyo, sadac bednieri
bavSvoba hqonda gatarebuli. iq oTx dRes gaCerda da axla am
sruliad daugegmav mogzaurobaSi wamovida. iseTi grZnoba
hqonda, rom es arnaxulad lamazi Tovli gacilebiT did bednierebas
mianiWebda, vidre wlobiT unaxavi stamboli. poeti iyo
da wlebis win daweril erT leqsSi, romelsac Turqi mkiTxveli
maincdamainc ar icnobda, ambobda, Tovli cxovrebaSi erTxel
mainc yvelas gvesizmrebao.
sanam Tovlis fantelebi marTlac ise nela da uxmod cvioda,
rogorc sizmarSi, mgzavri TiTqos ucodvelobisa da sisufTavis
wlobiT nanatrma SegrZnebam ganwminda da imis imedic misca,
rom am qveyanaze Tavi SeiZleboda ise egrZno, rogorc sakuTar
saxlSi. cota xnis Semdeg ki iseTi ram gaakeTa, rac wlebia, ar
gaukeTebia, metic, azradac ar mosvlia – savarZelSi miiZina.
me ki amiT visargebleb da Cumad masze informacias
mogawvdiT. Tormeti welia germaniaSi, politikur emig raciaSi
cxovrobda, Tumca politika didad arasdros ainteresebda.
misi erTaderTi interesi da cxovrebis azri poezia gaxldaT.
ormocdaori wlisas jer kidev ar moeyvana coli. savarZelSi
Camjdars ar etyoboda, magram Turqis pirobaze maRali eTqmoda.
isedac TeTri pirisaxe mgzavrobisgan mTlad gafiTreboda.
wablisferi Tma hqonda. erTi moridebuli vinme iyo, martooba
uyvarda. avtobusis WanWyaris gamo ZilSi Tavi mezobels jer
6
tovli didi zoma.indd 6 02.07.2013 16:00:13

mxarze, mere ki mkerdze daado. es rom scodnoda, Zalian Sercxveboda.
metad keTili da alal-marTali adamiani gaxldaT
da am Tvisebebis gamo Cexovis pasiuri da pirad cxovrebaSi
warumatebeli gmirebis msgavsad, mudam sevdianad gamoiyureboda.
am sevdis Temas mogvianebiT araerTxel davubrundebiT.
mgzavri savarZelSi ise mouxerxeblad ijda, maSinve mivxvdi,
didxans ver iZinebda. axlave minda giTxraT, rom mas ka erqva,
yovel SemTxvevaSi es misi saxelis pirveli asoebi iyo da Tvi­
Ton erCivna, ase miemarTaT. mec ase moviqcevi. roca Cveni gmiri
jer kidev skolaSi swavlobda, Tavis rveulebs jiutad – kao,
awerda. aseve iqceoda universitetSi, ris gamoc pedagogebsa da
CinovnikebTan Cxubsac ar erideboda. man am saxels deda, ojaxi,
megobrebic miaCvia da leqsebis krebulebsac am saxeliT aqveynebda,
ris gamoc TurqeTsa da germaniaSi mcxovreb Turqebs
Soris mcire, magram idumali saxeli hqonda. axla ki arzrumis
sadguridan mivmarToT: keTili mgzavroba, sayvarelo ka!..
magram ar minda, mogatyuoT. me kas Zveli megobari var da sanam
am ambis Txrobas daviwyeb, ukve vici, rac yarsSi gadaxdeba Tavs.
xorasnidan 1 avtobusma CrdiloeTiT, yarsisken gadauxvia.
mixveul-moxveul aRmarTze uecrad uremi gamoCnda da mZRolma
mTeli ZaliT daamuxruWa. kas gaeRviZa. bevri dro ar dasWirvebia,
rom avtobusSi gamefebul erTianobis atmosferoSi Car­
Tuliyo. roca avtobusi mosaxvevebSi Tu kldovani xevebis
piras svlas anelebda, gzis dasanaxad isic ukana rigebis mgzavrebis
msgavsad fexze dgeboda. cdilobda, im mgzavrisTvis,
daorTqlili wina minis gawmendaSi mZRols rom exmareboda,
TvalTaxedvis aredan gamorCenili kuTxe-kunWuli daenaxvebina
(Tumca misi mcdeloba aravis SeumCnevia). mZRoliviT gzas
akvirdeboda, romelic TiTqmis aRar Canda, radgan saqare mina
wamSi TovliT ibureboda.
sagzao niSnebic mTlad TovliT dafaruliyo. qarbuqmac
imata, amitom mZRolma Sors maSuqi Caaqro. gza kidev ufro
Znelad gasarCevi gaxda da avtobusSic Camobnelda. SeSinebuli
mgzavrebi uxmod gascqerodnen ubadruki dabebis daTovlil
quCebs, danjRreuli erTsarTuliani saxlebis mkrTal Suqs,
1.
qalaqi TurqeTis Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT
7
tovli didi zoma.indd 7 02.07.2013 16:00:13

moSorebuli soflebisken mimaval, magram ukve Caketil gzebsa
da avtobusis farebiT odnav ganaTebul ufskrulebs. Tu
laparakobdnen, mxolod CurCuliT.
mezobelma, romelsac Zilis dros eyrdnoboda, kas aseve
CurCuliT hkiTxa, yarsSi ra saqmeze midixarTo. aSkara iyo, ka
warmoSobiT yarsidan ar iqneboda.
– Jurnalisti var, – CurCuliTve upasuxa kam (es ar iyo mar­
Tali), – municipaluri arCevnebi mainteresebs da is gogonebi,
Tavi rom moikles (es ki ukve simarTles Seesabameboda).
– yarsSi municipalitetis Tavmjdomare rom mokles da
qalebi Tavs iklaven, stambolis yvela gazeTma dawera, – miugo
mezobelma aRelvebiT, Tumca ka ver mixvda, amiT risi gamoxatva
undoda – siamayisa Tu sircxvilis.
mgzavrobis ganmavlobaSi ka da es gamxdari, simpaTiuri
glexi, romelic sami dRis Semdeg yarsSic Sexvda TovliT dafarul
haliTfaSas prospeqtze, kidev ramdenjerme gamoelaparaknen
erTmaneTs. misgan Seityo, rom yarsis saavadmyofo didi
ubadruki rame yofila da kacs deda arzrumis saavadmyofoSi
wauyvania. TviTon yarsis maxlobel erT sofelSi cxovrobda
da Sinaur cxovelebs aSenebda. Tavs gaWirvebiT irCenda, magram
meamboxe ar iyo. sakuTar Tavze ara, magram qveyanaze ki wuxda –
amis faruli mizezebi kasTvis ar gaumxelia – da amitom kas
msgavsi naswavli kaci yarsis problemebiT rom dainteresda da
stambolidan Camovida, amiT friad kmayofili darCa. mis alal
sityvebsa da amay qcevaSi iseTi keTilSobileba gamosWvioda,
rom ka uneblie pativiscemiT ganimsWvala.
ka mixvda, rom am adamians sakuTari arseboba simSvides
hgvrida. es imgvari simSvide iyo, romelic Tavad kas germaniaSi
gatarebuli Tormeti wlis ganmavlobaSi verasodes egrZno
da mxolod Zveli wlebidan axsovda, roca susti adamianebis
gageba, gverdSi dgoma da TanagrZnobis gamoxatva moswonda.
maSin cdilobda, samyarosaTvis im adamianis TvaliT Seexeda,
romlis mimarTac sibralulsa da siyvaruls grZnobda. axlac
es rom moaxerxa, Seatyo – aRarc Tovliani qarbuqisa eSinoda
da aRarc ufskrulSi gadaCexisa. avtobusi Tundac gvian, magram
aucileblad CaaRwevda yarsSi.
8
tovli didi zoma.indd 8 02.07.2013 16:00:13

oca avtobusi Ramis aT saaTze daTovlil yarsSi samsaa­
Tiani dagvianebiT Sevida, kam qalaqi ver icno. ver mixvda, sad
iyo sadguris Senoba, romelSic oci wlis win, gazafxulis erT
dRes orTqlmavliani matarebliT Camovida, an sad mdebareobda
sastumro `jumhurieTi~, 1 romlis yvela nomerSi telefoni idga
da romelSic maSin mZRolma mxolod mas Semdeg miiyvana, rac
TiTqmis mTeli qalaqi moatara. axla Tovlis safarqveS TiTqos
yvelaferi waSliliyo da dakarguliyo. sadgurSi ramdenime
faetonis danaxvam warsuli moagona, magram qalaqi bevrad ufro
sevdiani da ubadruki eCvena, vidre mravali wlis win. avtobusis
daWirxluli fanjrebidan bolo aTi wlis ganmavlobaSi
TurqeTis yvela kuTxeSi agebuli, erTmaneTis msgavsi betonis
korpusebi, pleqsiglasis panoebi da quCebSi gaWimul Tokebze
dakidebuli saarCevno plakatebi moCanda.
rogorc ki avtobusidan Camovida da fexi fafuk Tovlze
dadga, Sarvlis totebidan sicive Seepara. sastumro
`qarpalasi~ 2 ikiTxa. am sastumroSi adgili stambolidanve daejavSna.
amasobaSi avtobusis mgzavrebs Cemodnebi gadmohqondaT.
maT Soris ramdenime nacnob saxes mohkra Tvali, magram
kargad ver gaixsena, vin iyvnen.
sastumroSi dabinavebis Semdeg restoran `ieSiliurTSi~ 3
wavida, sadac isev is nacnobi saxeebi dainaxa da icno – gacveTili,
daRlili, magram simpaTiuri mamakaci da msuqani, magram
Zalian moZravi qali, savaraudod am kacis coli. kas isini stambolidan,
70-iani wlebis politikuri Teatrebidan axsovda. kacs
sunai zaimi erqva. ka col-qmars Cafiqrebuli aTvalierebda da
daaskvna, rom qals Tavis Tanaklasel gogonas amsgavsebda. magidebTan
kidev ramdenime mamakaci SeamCnia, romelTac mxolod
Teatraluri wreebis warmomadgenlebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli
fermkrTali da usicocxlo saxeebi hqondaT. ra esaqmeboda am
patara Teatralur dass Tebervlis am Tovlian Rames RvTisagan
miviwyebul am qalaqSi? sanam restornidan gavidoda, romelSic
ociode wlis win mxolod halstuxiani Cinovnikebi dadiodnen,
1.
respublika (Turq.)
2.
qar-Tovli (Turq.)
3.
mwvane samSoblo (Turq.)
9
tovli didi zoma.indd 9 02.07.2013 16:00:13

erT magidasTan 70-iani wlebis cnobil SeiaraRebul memarcxene
gmirs mohkra TiTqos Tvali. gaRatakebuli da gacrecili Canda,
gegoneboda, misi mogonebebic, restornis msgavsad, Tovlis
safars waeSala.
quCebi carieli iyo. neta Tovlis gamo Tu am gayinul trotuarebze
arc arasdros dadioda vinme? kedlebze mikruli
saarCevno plakatebi, gancxadebebi kursebisa da restornebis
Sesaxeb da gubernatoris aparatis mier axlad Camokidebuli
posterebi didi yuradRebiT waikiTxa: `adamiani alahis udidesi
qmnilebaa, TviTmkvleloba ki – mkrexeloba~. fanjrebdaWirxlul,
naxevrad cariel saCaieSi ramdenime mamakaci televizors
uyurebda. qvis Zveli Senobebis danaxvaze, romlebic rusebis
agebuli iyo da mis mexsierebaSi yarss gansakuTrebul adgilad
aqcevda, guneba odnav gamoukeTda.
baltiispireli arqiteqtoris mier aSenebuli sastumro
`qarpalasi~ swored am daxvewili rusuli nagebobebidan erTerTi
iyo. orsarTulian Senobas viwro da maRali fanjrebi
hqonda, sakmaod maRali TaRi ezoSi Sedioda. as aTi wlis win
aq albaT etlebiT Sediodnen. kam, romelmac axla am as aTi
wlis qveS gaiara, bundovani mRelvareba igrZno, Tumca ise iyo
daRlili, amisTvis didi yurad Reba ar miuqcevia. aqve unda
aRiniSnos, rom es mRelvareba kas yarsSi Camosvlis erT-erT
mizezs ukavSirdeboda. sami dRis win stambolSi gazeT `jumhurieTis~
redaqciaSi misuls axalgazrdobis megobari, Taneri
Sexvda. swored man uambo, rom yarsSi municipalitetis
arCevnebi tardeboda da baTmanis 1 msgavsad, iqac axalgazrda
gogonebs Soris TviTmkvlelobis ucnauri epidemia gavrcelebuliyo.
Tu Tormeti wlis Semdeg namdvili TurqeTis naxva
da am sakiTxebze ramis dawera ginda, sxva msurveli mainc aravinaa,
Jurnalistis droebiT mowmobas gagikeTeb da wadio,
SesTavaza. Tan isic daayola, rom maTi Tanakurseli, mSvenieri
ifeqic yarsSi imyofeboda. muhTars gaSorda da axla mamasTan
da dasTan erTad sastumro `qarpalasSi~ cxovrobso. roca
`jumhurieTis~ politikuri mimomxilvelis, Taneris sityvebs
ismenda, kas ifeqis silamaze daudga Tvalwin.
1.
qalaqi samxreT-aRmosavleT TurqeTSi
10
tovli didi zoma.indd 10 02.07.2013 16:00:13

sastumros maRalWerian vestibiulSi administratori javi­
Ti televizors uyurebda. kam gasaRebi gamoarTva, meore sar­
Tulze 203-e oTaxSi avida, kari miixura da SvebiT amoisunTqa.
guls miuyurada, magram misi arc goneba da arc guli ifeqis
sastumroSi yofna-aryofniT dainteresebuli ar Canda, risac
avtobusSi eSinoda. im Seyvarebulebis msgavsad, romelTac
mwiri sasiyvarulo cxovrebis gaxseneba mxolod tkivilsa da
sircxvils hgvrida, kasac sikvdiliviT eSinoda siyvarulisa.
SuaRamisas, dawolamde, ukve piJamaSi gamowyobilma farda
odnav gadaswia. erTxans uzarmazar uxmo fifqebs miStereboda.
11
tovli didi zoma.indd 11 02.07.2013 16:00:13

2
Cveni qalaqi mSvidi adgilia
gareubnebi
roca Tovli qalaqis WuWys, talaxsa da sibneles Tavis safarqveS
malavda, kas arsebaSi yovelTvis umankoebis miviwyebuli grZnoba
iRviZebda xolme, magram yarsSi gatarebulma pirvelma dRem
TovlTan dakavSirebuli ucodvelobis es gancda daakargvina.
aq Tovli damRleli da mosabezrebeli iyo. mTel Rames Tovda.
merec, sanam ka diliT quCebSi dadioda, umuSevari qurTebiT
savse yava xanebSi ijda, mondomebuli JurnalistiviT xelSi kalmiTa
da qaRaldiT amomrCevlebs xvdeboda, RaribTa ubnebis
cicabo da moyinul quCebSi daZvreboda, municipalite tis Tavmjdomares,
gubernatoris moadgilesa da TviTmkvleli gogonebis
axloblebs esaubreboda, Tova erTi wuTiTac ar Semwydara.
daTovlili quCebis xatebas bavSvobaSi niSanTaSis 1 usafrTxo
saxlis fanjridan zRapris fragmentebad aRiqvamda. axla ki
msgavsadve daTovlili quCebi wlebis manZilze TavSesafrad
nanatri saSualo fenis cxovrebisa da im siRatakis dasabamad
eCveneboda, romlis uimedo dasasrulis warmodgenac ar undoda.
diliT, sanam qalaqi gaiRviZebda, aTaTurqis prospeqtidan
qveviT, gejeqonduebisken, 2 yarsis uRaribesi ubnis, qalealTisken
3 gaswia aCqarebiT. daTovlili fSatebisa da Wadrebis
qveS swrafad mimavali gascqeroda Zvel rusul Senobebs, fan­
1.
stambolis erT-erTi cnobili ubani, sadac famuqma bavSvoba gaatara.
2.
qoxi, qoxmaxi (Turq.)
3.
yarsis erT-erTi ubani; qarTulad `cixisZirs~ niSnavs.
12
tovli didi zoma.indd 12 02.07.2013 16:00:13

jrebidan Rumlis sakvamurebi rom hqondaT gamoSverili; SeSis
sawyobebsa da eleqtrotransformators Soris aRmarTul,
dacarielebul da saxuravaxdil aTaswlian somxur eklesias;
upatrono ZaRlebs, yarsiswyalze gadebul xuTaswlovan xidze
gamvlelebs rom uyefdnen; qalealTis pawawina gejeqonduebs,
TovliT dafarulebi mTlad mitovebulebs rom hgavdnen, Tumca
maTi sakvamurebidan boli amodioda da iseTi naRveli moeria,
Tvalebze cremlic ki moadga. mdinaris meore napirze furneSi
adrianad gagzavnil or bavSvs – gogo-biWs – cxel-cxeli purebi
CaexutebinaT da erTmaneTs ebRlarZunebodnen. bavSvebs saxeze
iseTi bednieri Rimili dasTamaSebdaT, rom kasac gaeRima. siRaribesa
da umweobas ar umoqmedia masze ase Zalian. qalaqis yvela
kuTxe-kunWulSi – fotoatelieebis cariel vitrinebSi, banqos
moTamaSe umuSevrebiT gatenili yavaxanebis daWirxlul fanjrebSi,
TovliT dafarul, dacarielebul moednebze – usaSvelo
martoobis grZnoba gamefebuliyo, romelsac SemdgomSic
araerTxel waawyda. TiTqos aqauroba yvelas miviwyeboda da es
Tovlic uxmod moaswavebda samyaros dasasruls.
diliT kas bedma gauRima da swored ise miiRes, rogorc cnobil
stambolel Jurnalists ekadreboda, romelic yvelas
interess iwvevs da romlisTvisac yvelas xelis CamorTmeva
swadia. gubernatoris moadgilidan ukanasknel Ratakamde,
yvela kars uRebda da esaubreboda. ka yarselebs serdar beim
gaacno. serdar bei 320-iani tiraJiT `sazRvrispira qalaqis
gazeTs~ gamoscemda da odesRac gazeT `jumhurieTisTvis~
adgilobriv ambebsac werda (umravlesobas arc aqveynebdnen
xolme). kas stambolSive uTxres, serdar bei Cveni adgilobrivi
korespondentiao. amitom diliT sastumrodan gamovida
Tu ara, umal mis saZebnelad gaemarTa, redaqciis win ipova da
danaxvisTanave mixvda, rom es kaci mTel yarss icnobda. serdar
beim pirvelma dausva SekiTxva, rasac yarsSi gatarebuli sami
dRis ganmavlobaSi ka asjer mainc moismenda:
– keTili iyos Tqveni CamobrZaneba Cvens sazRvrispira qalaq­
Si, ostato, magram aq ram CamogiyvanaT?
kam uTxra, arCevnebi unda gavaSuqo da SesaZloa, TviTmkvlel
gogonebzec davwero werilio.
13
tovli didi zoma.indd 13 02.07.2013 16:00:13

– TviTmkvleli gogonebis saqme iseve gabuqebulia, rogorc
baTmanSi, – miugo Jurnalistma, – uSiSroebis ganyofilebis
ufrosis moadgilesTan, qasim beisTan avideT. ra ici, ra xdeba,
icodnen, rom Camosuli xarT.
qalaqSi Camosulebis, Tundac Jurnalistis, policiaSi
gamocxadeba provinciebSi jer kidev 1940-iani wlebidan Semor­
Cenili wesi iyo. kas winaaRmdegoba ar gauwevia; erTi mxriv imitom,
rom politikuri emigranti iyo, romelic mravali wlis
Semdeg Tavis qveyanaSi dabrunda, da meorec, xmamaRla romc
ar Tqmuliyo, raRacnairad igrZnoboda PKK-is 1 partizanebis
arseboba. saCaieebSi Sekrebili dardiani umuSevrebidan zogi
televizors, zogi ki Tovls miStereboda. merZeveebs duqnebSi
qaSaris 2 uSvelebeli Tavebi gamoefinaT. bardnida. jer halis,
Semdeg ki qazim qarabeqiris prospeqts Cauyvnen da neli nabijiT
qalaqi 15 wuTSi gadaWres.
gzad serdar beim kas is kuTxe aCvena, sadac municipalitetis
yofili Tavmjdomare mokles. erT-erTi versiis Tanaxmad,
Tavmjdomare sul ubralo mizeziT, ukanono aivnis mongrevis
gamo mouklavT. mkvleli SemTxvevidan sami dRis Semdeg sofel­
Si, Tavis sabZelSi Tofianad dauWeriaT. am xnis ganmavlobaSi
imdeni Wori gavrcelebula, rom misi damnaSaveobis aRaravis
sjeroda, mizezis uazrobas ki mosaxleobaSi imedgacrueba
gamouwvevia.
faiqbeis prospeqtze rusi da somexi bobolebisgan Semor­
Cenili, axla ki saxelmwifo dawesebulebebad gadakeTebuli
Senobebi iyo Camwkrivebuli. yarsis uSiSroebis sammarTvelo
erT-erT aseT grZel, samsarTulian SenobaSi mdebareobda.
sanam uSiSroebis sammarTvelos ufrosis moadgiles elodebodnen,
serdar beim kas maRal da moxatul Werze miuTiTa da
uTxra, es Senoba 1877-1918 wlebSi, ruseTis dros, mdidari
somxis ormocoTaxiani sacxovrebeli saxli, mogvianebiT ki
saavadmyofo yofilao.
derefanSi uSiSroebis sammarTvelos ufrosis ludis smisgan
mucelgaberili moadgile, qasim bei gamovida da stumrebi
1.
qurTistanis muSaTa partia, romelic teroristul organizaciad iTvleba.
2.
cxvris yvelis saxeoba
14
tovli didi zoma.indd 14 02.07.2013 16:00:13

15
oTaxSi Seiyvana. ka maSinve mixvda, rom es kaci arc gazeT `jumhurieTs~
kiTxulobda, radgan memarcxened miaCnda da arc im
garemoebas uwevda angariSs, rom serdar bei vinmes poetobaze
maRali azrisa iyo. Tumca, ridi ki hqonda misi, rogorc yarsis
yvelaze popularuli gazeTis mepatronisa. serdar beim sityva
daasrula Tu ara, qasim bei kas miubrunda da hkiTxa:
– dacva gWirdebaT?
– rogor?
– kacs mogiCenT. ufro mSvidad iqnebiT.
– es saWiroa? – ikiTxa kam avadmyofis SeSfoTebuli toniT,
romelsac eqimma joxiT siaruli urCia.
– Cveni qalaqi mSvidi adgilia. separatisti teroristebi
gavyareT, magram mainc, ra ici, ra xdeba.
– yarsi Tu mSvidi adgilia, ara mgonia, amis aucilebloba
iyos, – miugo kam. undoda, uSiSroebis sammarTvelos ufrosis
moadgiles erTxel kidev daedasturebina, rom qalaqi
usafrTxo iyo, magram qasim beis es aRar gaumeorebia.
upirveles yovlisa, qalaqis uRaribesi ubnebis, qalealTisa
da bairamfaSasken gaswies. isev gadauReblad Tovda. serdar
bei qviT, filebiTa da SiferiT aSenebuli gejeqonduebis karebze
akakunebda da gamogebebul qalebs ekiTxeboda, ojaxis
ufrosi mamakacebi saxlSi Tu ariano. nacnobebs mSvidad uxsnida,
stambolidan yarsSi arCevnebTan dakavSirebiT cnobili
Jurnalistia Camosuli, magram arCevnebis garda yarsis problemebi,
gogonebis TviTmkvlelobis mizezebic ainteresebso.
yvelafers Tu dawers, yarssac waadgebao, eubneboda. zogierTs
egona, Tavmjdomareobis kandidatebi iyvnen, romlebic kardakar
dadiodnen da mosaxleobas mzesumziris zeTs, sapons,
namcxvarsa da makarons urigebdnen. amitom, gaigebdnen Tu
ara, rom ubralo Jurnalistebi iyvnen, kudamoZuebulebs ukan
abrunebdnen. isini ki, visac interesi da stumarTmoyvareoba
sZlevda, stumrebs saxlis kars uRebdnen da Tan amSvidebdnen,
ZaRlis nu geSiniaTo. iseTebic iyvnen, romlebsac policiuri
Cxrekis axali talRa egonaT, kars SeSinebulebi aRebdnen
da, marTalia, xvdebodnen, rom momsvlelebs saxelmwifosTan
araferi hqondaT saerTo, enas mainc kbils aWerdnen. TviTmkvtovli
didi zoma.indd 15 02.07.2013 16:00:13

16
leli gogonebis ojaxebi ki (kam mokle xanSi eqvsi aseTi ambis
Sesaxeb Seityo) ificebodnen, gogonebi arafers uCiodnen da
amis gamo Tavadac gaognebulebi da Tavzardacemulebi varTo.
muWisodena, gamoyinul miwur oTaxebSi Zvel divnebsa da
dabrecil skamebze plastmasis damtvreuli saTamaSoebiT (manqanebiT,
xelfexdawyvetili TojinebiT), boTlebiTa da wamlebisa
da Cais carieli yuTebiT bavSvebi TamaSobdnen, romelTa
raodenoba saxlidan saxlSi TiTqos TandaTan matulobda.
ufrosebi gauTaveblad uCiCxinebdnen SeSis Rumlebs, raTa
ufro damTbariyo, eleqtroRumlebi moparul denze muSaobda,
televizorebi uxmod, magram mainc CarTuli iyo... aseT oTaxebSi
maspinZlebi yarsis dausrulebeli Wir-varamis, siRaribis,
samuSaodan gamogdebulebisa da TviTmkvleli gogonebis
ambebs hyvebodnen. dedebi Svilebis umuSevrobasa da patimrobas
dastirodnen; meqiseebi, romlebic dReSi Tormet saaTs
abanoSi muSaobdnen da rvasulian ojaxs gaWirvebiT arCendnen,
umuSevrebi, romlebsac Cais safasuris gadaxda ar SeeZloT da
amis gamo saCaieSi Sesvlas ver bedavdnen, beds, saxelmwifosa
da municipalitets uCiodnen da TavianT istoriebs, qveynisa
da saxelmwifos dards uambobdnen kas. erTxans, miuxedavad
fanjrebidan Semosuli sinaTlisa, kam igrZno, rom saxlebSi
TiTqos bindbundi Camowyoliliyo da nivTebis garCeva uWirda.
ufro metic, igive sibrmave, romelic iZulebuls xdida, Tvalebi
gareT, TovlisTvis miepyro, mis tvinamde aRwevda da aq
gamefebuli upovrobisa da miusafrobis istoriebis aRqmas
urTulebda.
kas yarsSi mosmenili TviTmkvlelobebis istoriebi sicocxlis
bolomde hqonda gonebaSi CarCenili, Tumca es siRatake,
usaSveloba da Seugnebloba ar iyo misi SeZr wunebis mizezi.
arc qmrebis Zaladoba, ufuloba da im mSoblebis sibriyve
aSfoTebda, romlebic gogonebs gauTaveblad scemdnen da
saxlidan gasvlis uflebasac ar aZlevdnen. ka maSin SeSinda,
roca gaacnobiera, Tu rogor uxmod, uecrad da uceremoniod
Separuliyo yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi TviTmkvlelobebi.
magaliTad, erT gogonas, romelsac saCaies moxuc mepatroneze
ZaliT upirebdnen gaTxovebas, erT saRamos, Cveulebitovli
didi zoma.indd 16 02.07.2013 16:00:13

17
samebr mSoblebTan, sam da-Zmasa da bebiasTan erTad uvaxSmia,
sufrac da-ZmebTan erTad TamaS-TamaSiT aulagebia; mere
tkbileulis Semosatanad samzareuloSi, iqidan ki baRSi gasula,
fanjridan ded-mamis oTaxSi Separula da mamis sanadiro
TofiT mouklavs Tavi. gasrolis xmaze oTaxSi Secvenili
mSoblebi, romelTac Svili samzareuloSi egulebodaT, mis
dasisxlianebul cxedars waawydnen da verc TviTmkvlelobis
mizezs mixvdnen da verc imas, rogor Seipara gogona samzareulodan
ded-mamis oTaxSi. meore, Teqvsmeti wlis gogonas
saRamos Turme ZmebTan erTi aliaqoTi hqonda atexili, romel
arxze gadaerToT televizori da vin daiWerda pults. mere
ki, mas Semdeg, rac gasaSveleblad Semosuli mamisgan saxeSi
ori gvariani sila moxvda, Tavis oTaxSi Sevida da Sxamqimikat
`mortalinis~ uzarmazari boTli limonaTiviT gamocala. kidev
erT, TxuTmeti wlis gogonas, romelic siyvaruliT gaTxoviliyo
da eqvsi Tvis bavSvic hyavda, umuSevari da moralurad
ganadgurebuli qmrisgan gauTavebeli cema veRar autania da
erTi rigiTi Cxubis Semdeg samzareuloSi Caketila. miuxedavad
imisa, rom qmari ganzraxvas mimxvdara, ayvirebula da karis
Semtvreva ucdia, gogonas winaswar momzadebuli kauWisa da
bawris saSualebiT Tavi CamouxrCvia.
TiToeul aseT istoriaSi cxovrebis Cveuli dinebidan
sikvdilze gadasvlis myisiereba da uimedoba gamosWvioda,
romelsac ka ase moejadoebina. WerSi mimagrebuli kauWebi,
winaswar datenili Tofebi, saTavsodan saZinebelSi Se tanili
Sxamqimikatebi imas adasturebda, rom gogonebs TviTmkvlelobis
idea karga xans utrialebdaT TavSi.
axalgazrda qalebis TviTmkvlelobebma pirvelad yarsidan
asobiT kilometriT daSorebul baTmanSi iCina Tavi. miuxedavad
imisa, rom mTel msoflioSi kacebSi TviTmkvlelobis
maCvenebeli qalebTan SedarebiT sam-oTxjer ufro maRalia,
baTmanSi TviTmkvleli qalebis ricxvi mamakacebisas samjer
aRemateboda, xolo saSualo maCvenebelma msofliosas oTxjer
gadaaWarba, ramac pirvelad ankaraSi statistikis saxelmwifo
institutis erTi axalgazrda da mondomebuli TanamSromlis
yuradReba miipyro. man es viTareba megobar Jurnalists gaactovli
didi zoma.indd 17 02.07.2013 16:00:14

no, romelmac informacia gazeT `jumhurieTSi~ gamoaqveyna,
Tuca amas TurqeTSi araviTari gamoxmaureba ar mohyolia.
samagierod, faqtiT germanuli da franguli gazeTebis Turqe­
Tis warmomadgenlebi dainteresdnen da baTmans miaSures. mas
Semdeg, rac maTi reportaJebi ucxour gazeTebSi daibeWda, Tema
Turqulma gazeTebmac aitaces da qalaqs araerTi adgilobrivi
Tu ucxoeli Jurnalisti miawyda. kompetenturi saxelmwifo
moxeleebis Sexedulebis Tanaxmad, am aJiotaJma da statiebma
zog gogonas TviTmkvlelobisaken ubiZga. gubernatoris moadgilem
kasTan saubrisas aRniSna, rom statistikurad yarsSi
baTmanTan SedarebiT ukeTesi mdgomareoba iyo, rom amJamad
TviTmkvleli gogonebis ojaxebTan Sexvedris sawinaaRmego
araferi hqonda, Tumca sTxova, maTTan saubrisas sityva `TviTmkvleloba~
naklebad exmara da gazeT `jumhurieTisTvisac~
mdgomareobis aRwera gauzviadeblad miewodebina. TviTmkvlelobebis
specialisti fsiqologis, policiis, prokuraturisa
da religiis saqmeTa sammarTvelos warmomadgenlebiT dakompleqtebuli
delegacia baTmanidan yarsSi gamosamgzavreblad
emzadeboda. yvelgan gaekraT am sammarTvelos mier momzadebuli
da TviTmkvlelobis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli gancxadebebi
– `adamiani alahis udidesi qmnilebaa, TviTmkvleloba ki
– mkrexeloba~, amave saTauris mqone religiuri broSurebi ki
mosaxleobisaTvis dasarigeblad ukve CamoetanaT gubernatoris
kancelariaSi. magram gubernatoris moadgile srulebiTac
ar iyo darwmunebuli, rom es gancxadebebi yarsSi TviTmkvlelobebis
axlad agorebul talRas SeaCerebda. metic, SiSobda,
rom amgvari `zomebi~ sruliad sapirispiro Sedegs gamoiRebda.
misi azriT, gogonebis gadawyvetilebis mizezi erTnairad iyo,
rogorc am informaciis gavrceleba, aseve protestis grZnoba
saxelmwifos, mamebis, mamakacebis, mqadageblebis gauTavebeli
darigebebis mimarT.
– udavoa, rom TviTmkvlelobebis erT-erTi mizezi Cveni
gogonebis ukiduresi uiRblobaa. amaSi eWvi aravis epareba, –
uTxra kas gubernatoris moadgilem, – magram WeSmariti mizezi
rom es uiRbloba yofiliyo, Turqi qalebis naxevari Tavs unda
iklavdes.
18
tovli didi zoma.indd 18 02.07.2013 16:00:14

gubernatoris moadgilis azriT, romelsac ulvaSebi jagriss
miugavda, saxe ki – ciyvs, saxelmwifo, ojaxebi da rwmena
Tavisi mamakacuri arsiTa da gauTavebeli CiCiniT qalebSi
mxolod brazs iwvevda. amitom TviTmkvlelobis sawinaaRmdego
propagandisaTvis qalaqSi movlenil delegaciaSi, sxva
Tu araferi, erTi qalis Seyvana mainc aucileblobad miaCnda,
ris Sesaxeb ankaraSi kidec miuweria.
azri, rom TviTmkvleloba Savi Wiris msgavsad gadamdebi
daavadebaa, pirvelad maSin wamoiWra, roca erT-erTi gogona
Tavis mosaklavad baTmanidan yarsSi Camovida. gogonas biZa
naSuadRevs kas aTaTurqis ubanSi, daTovlili fSatebis baRSi
Sexvda (ka saxlSi ar SeuSves), sigarets moukida da uambo, rom
misi diswuli ori wlis win baTmanSi gaTxovila, sadac mTel
dReebs umZimes SromaSi atarebda, Tanac imis gamo, rom bavSvi
ar uCndeboda, dedamTilis gauTavebeli sayvedurebis samizned
iqca. Tumca biZas miaCnda, rom es TviTmkvlelobisaTvis sakmarisi
mizezi ar unda yofiliyo da mis disSvils es azri baTmanSi
unda gasCenoda, sadac yvela qali Tavs iklavda. miT umetes,
rom aq, yarsSi, axloblebis garemocvaSi, cxonebuli bednierad
grZnobda Tavs. amdenad Tavadac gaognda, roca im diliT,
baTmanSi rom unda dabrunebuliyo, gogona sawolSi mkvdari
ipoves. TavTan werili edo, romelSic gardacvlili werda,
ori kolofi saZile abebi miviReo.
am axalgazrda qals, romelmac TviTmkvlelobis virusi
baTmanidan yarsSi Camoitana, pirvelma sakuTarma Teqvsmeti
wlis deidaSvilma mibaZa erTi Tvis Semdeg. Tvalcremlian mSoblebs,
romlebic TviTmkvlelobis mizezad maswavlebels asaxelebdnen
– mas gogonasTvis mTeli klasis winaSe miuxlia, qaliSvili
ar xaro – kam sityva misca, rom maT ubedurebas gazeTSi
detalurad aRwerda. maswavleblis naTqvami yarsSi elvis siswrafiT
gavrcelebula, ris gamoc gogona saqmros miutovebia
da sxva mTxovnelebic aRar gamosCenia. wyevla-krulva da
sayvedurebi arc dedas dauklia, awi veRar gaTxovdebio, uCi­
Cinebda Turme. erT saRamosac, mTeli ojaxi televizoriT
viRacis qorwilis scenas rom uyurebda, SezarxoSebul mamas
tirili avardnia. amis damnaxav gogonas bebiis saZile abebi
19
tovli didi zoma.indd 19 02.07.2013 16:00:14

mouparavs da samudamod dauZinia (ideis garda, im naTesavisgan
Tavis mokvlis xerxic gadasdebia). mas Semdeg, rac gakveTisas
gairkva, rom gogona qaliSvili iyo, mamam Svilis sikvdilSi
Woris gamavrcelebel maswavlebelTan erTad baTmanidan Camosuli
naTesavi gogonac daadanaSaula. es ambavi kasac imitom
moaxsenes dawvrilebiT, rom mis mier dawerili statiiT Woris
gaqarwyleba da cilismwamebeli maswavleblis gamoaSkaraveba
undodaT.
am istoriebma ka uimedobaSi gansakuTrebiT imitom Caagdo,
rom kargad gaacnobiera – gogonebma TviTmkvlelobisTvis
saWiro momentic moixelTes da amis saidumlod Senaxvac
SeZles. maSinac ki, roca abebnaylapi gogonebi Cumad kvdebodnen,
isini saxlSi marto ar iyvnen. stambolSi, niSanTaSiSi
gazrdili da dasavlur literaturas naziarebi ka TviTmkvlelobaze
fiqrisas yovelTvis grZnobda, rom amisTvis saWiro
iyo bevri dro, adgili da oTaxi, romelTa karzec dReebis ganmavlobaSi
aravin miakakunebda. amgvari Tavisuflebis, saZile
abebisa da viskis daxmarebiT aRsrulebuli sakuTari TviTmkvlelobis
warmodgenisas ki savaraudo usazRvro martooba ise
aSinebda, rom TviTmkvlelobaze seriozulad arc arasdros
ufiqria.
erTaderTi pirovneba, romelmac Tavisi TviTmkvlelobiT
kaSi es simartovis grZnoba gaaRviZa, erTi Tvisa da erTi kviris
win gardacvlili `dolbandiani~ 1 gogona iyo – pedagogiuri
institutis studenti qaliSvilebidan erT-erTi, romelTac
Tavsaburavis gamo jer gakveTilebze, Semdeg ki ankaridan
mosuli brZanebis safuZvelze saswavleblis SenobebSi Sesvla
aukrZales. 2 misi ojaxi yvelaze nakleb Raribi Canda imaT Soris,
visTanac kas mouxda saubari. ka gogonas danaRvlianebuli
mamis mier sakuTari sabaylo duqnis macivridan gamoRebul
civ `koka-kolas~ svamda da Tan ismenda, rom Tavis CamoxrCobamde
gogonam es azri Turme ojaxsa da megobrebs gauziara. mas
Tavsafris xmareba dedisa da ojaxisgan SeeTvisebina, politi­
1.
Cadris erT-erTi nairsaxeoba
2.
TurqeTSi, saxelmwifo dawesebulebebSi (maT Soris, saswavleblebSi)
Tavdaxuruli siaruli kanoniTaa akrZaluli.
20
tovli didi zoma.indd 20 02.07.2013 16:00:14

kuri islamis simbolod misi aRqma ki saswavleblis Seurigebeli
xelmZRvanelobisa da meamboxe megobrebisagan eswavla. mogvianebiT,
mSoblebis daJinebis miuxedavad, Tavsafris moxdaze
uari ganucxadebia. arada, policielebi saswavleblis SenobaSi
ar uSvebdnen, gacdenebis gamo ki gasaricxad hqonda saqme.
roca misi megobrebidan zogma protestze uari Tqva da Tavi
moiSiSvla, zogma ki Tavsaburavis sanacvlod pariki daixura,
mamasa da amxanagebs gamoucxada, am qveyanaze yvelaferi uazrobaa
da sicocxle aRar mindao. vinaidan im dReebSi saxelmwifosTan
dakavSirebuli religiur saqmeTa sammarTveloca da
islamistebic gauTaveblad imas imeorebdnen, rom TviTmkvleloba
udidesi codva iyo, razec yvelgan gakruli xelnaweri
Tu nabeWdi gancxadebebic metyvelebda, amitom aravis ufiqria,
rom morwmune gogona am nabijs gadadgamda. ukanasknel saRamos
Teslimes (ase erqva gogonas) jer serial `marianasTvis~
uyurebia xmis amouReblad, mere mSoblebisTvis Cai gauwyvia,
Tavis oTaxSi gasula, afTesi 1 miuRia, namazi 2 Seusrulebia,
Cafiqrebuls karga xans locvebi ukiTxavs, ris Semdegac WaRis
kauWze Tavisive dolbandi Camoubams da Tavi CamouxrCvia.
1.
ritualuri ganbanva locvis win
2.
mahmadianTa locva, romelic mkacrad gansazRvrul rituals emorCileba
da dReSi 5-jer sruldeba.
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tovli didi zoma.indd 21 02.07.2013 16:00:14