Southern Ontario Vascular Plant Species List 1
Southern Ontario Vascular Plant Species List 1
Southern Ontario Vascular Plant Species List 1
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<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Abies balsamea Balsam Fir ABIEBAL S5 TR<br />
Abutilon theophrasti Velvetleaf ABUTTHE SE5 FO<br />
Acalypha virginica var. rhomboidea Three-seeded Mercury ACALVIR S5 FO<br />
Acer ginnala Amur Maple ACERGIN SE1 SH<br />
Acer negundo Manitoba Maple ACERNEG S5 TR<br />
Acer pensylvanicum Striped Maple ACERPEN S5 SH<br />
Acer platanoides Norway Maple ACERPLA SE5 TR<br />
Acer rubrum Red Maple ACERRUB S5 TR<br />
Acer saccharinum Silver Maple ACERSCR S5 TR<br />
Acer saccharum ssp. nigrum Black Maple ACERSAN S4? TR<br />
Acer saccharum ssp. saccharum Sugar Maple ACERSAS S5 TR<br />
Acer sp Maple <strong>Species</strong> ACER-SP TR<br />
Acer spicatum Mountain Maple ACERSPI S5 SH<br />
Acer X freemanii Freeman's Maple ACERFRE SHB4 TR<br />
Achillea millefolium ssp. lanulosa Woolly Yarrow ACHIMIL S5 FO<br />
Achillea millefolium ssp. millefolium Common Yarrow ACHIMIM SE FO<br />
Achillea ptarmica Sneezewort ACHIPTA SE2? FO<br />
Achillea sp Yarrow <strong>Species</strong> ACHI-SP FO<br />
Acinos arvensis Mother-of-thyme ACINARV SE5 FO<br />
Acorus americanus Sweetflag ACORAME S4 FO<br />
Acorus calamus Calamus ACORCAL SE1 FO<br />
Actaea pachypoda White Baneberry ACTAPAC S5 FO<br />
Actaea rubra Red Baneberry ACTARUB S5 FO<br />
Actaea sp Baneberry <strong>Species</strong> ACTA-SP FO<br />
Actaea X ludovici Hybrid Baneberry ACTALUD SHB1? FO<br />
Adenocaulon bicolor Trail-plant ADENBIC S1 FO<br />
Adiantum pedatum Northern Maidenhair Fern ADIAPED S5 FE<br />
Adlumia fungosa Allegheny Vine ADLUFUN S4 VI<br />
Aegopodium podagraria Goutweed AEGOPOD SE5 FO<br />
Aesculus glabra Ohio Buckeye AESCGLG S1 TR<br />
Aesculus hippocastanum Horse Chestnut AESCHIP SE2 TR<br />
Aesculus sp Buckeye <strong>Species</strong> AESC-SP TR<br />
Aethusa cynapium Fool's Parsley AETHCYN SE1 FO<br />
Agalinis gattingeri Round-stem False Foxglove AGALGAT S2 FO<br />
Agalinis paupercula var. paupercula Small-flowered False Foxglove AGALPAP S4S5 FO<br />
Agalinis purpurea Purple False Foxglove AGALPUR S1 FO<br />
Agalinis skinneriana Pale False Foxglove AGALSKI S1 FO<br />
Agalinis tenuifolia var. parviflora Slender False Foxglove AGALTEP S4S5 FO<br />
Agastache foeniculum Blue Giant Hyssop AGASFOE S4 FO<br />
Agastache nepetoides Yellow Giant Hyssop AGASNEP S4 FO<br />
Agastache scropuhlariifolia Purple Giant-hyssop AGASSCR S1 FO<br />
Agrimonia gryposepala Tall Agrimony AGRIGRY S5 FO<br />
Agrimonia parviflora Small-flowered Agrimony AGRIPAR S4 FO<br />
Agrimonia pubescens Soft Agrimony AGRIPUB S4 FO<br />
Agrimonia sp Agrimony <strong>Species</strong> AGRI-SP FO<br />
Agropyron cristatum ssp. pectinatum Crested Wheat Grass AGROCRP SE2 GR<br />
Agrostemma githago Purple Cockle AGROGIT SE3 FO<br />
Agrostis capillaris Colonial Bent Grass AGROCAP SE2 GR<br />
Agrostis gigantea Redtop Grass AGROGIG SE5 GR<br />
Agrostis hyemalis Tickle Grass AGROHYE S1 GR<br />
Agrostis perennans Autumn Bent Grass AGROPER S5 GR<br />
Agrostis scabra Rough Hair Grass AGROSCA S5 GR<br />
Agrostis sp Bent Grass <strong>Species</strong> AGRO-SP GR<br />
Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grass AGROSTO S5 GR<br />
Ailanthus altissima Tree-of-heaven AILAALT SE5 TR<br />
Ajuga genevensis Erect Bugle AJUGGEN SE1 FO<br />
Ajuga reptans Common Bugle AJUGREP SE2 FO<br />
Alcea rosea Hollyhock ALCEROS SE4 FO<br />
Aletris farinosa Colicroot ALETFAR S2 FO<br />
Algae sp Algae <strong>Species</strong> ALGA-SP AL<br />
Alisma gramineum Narrow-leaved Water-plantain ALISGRA S4 FO<br />
1
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Alisma plantago-aquatica Common Water-plantain ALISPLA S4? FO<br />
Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard ALLIPET SE5 FO<br />
Allium burdickii Norrow-leaved Wild Leek ALLIBUR S1? FO<br />
Allium canadense var. canadense Wild Garlic ALLICAC S5 FO<br />
Allium cernuum Nodding Wild Onion ALLICER S2 FO<br />
Allium sativum Garlic ALLISAT SE2 FO<br />
Allium schoenoprasum var. schoenoprasum European Chives ALLISCC SE2 FO<br />
Allium schoenoprasum var. sibiricum Wild Chives ALLISCS S4 FO<br />
Allium sp Onion <strong>Species</strong> ALLI-SP FO<br />
Allium tricoccum Wild Leek ALLITRI S5 FO<br />
Allium vineale ssp. vineale Field Garlic ALLIVIV SE2 FO<br />
Alnus glutinosa Black Alder ALNUGLU SE4 SH<br />
Alnus incana ssp. rugosa Speckled Alder ALNUINR S5 SH<br />
Alnus sp Alder <strong>Species</strong> ALNU-SP SH<br />
Alnus viridis ssp. crispa Green Alder ALNUVIC S5 SH<br />
Alopecurus aequalis Short-awned Foxtail ALOPAEQ S4S5 GR<br />
Alopecurus geniculatus Water Foxtail ALOPGEN SE3 GR<br />
Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail ALOPPRA SE5 GR<br />
Althaea officinalis Marsh Mallow ALTHOFF SE1 FO<br />
Alyssum alyssoides Pale Alyssum ALYSALY SE5 FO<br />
Alyssum murale Rock Alyssum ALYSMUR SE1 FO<br />
Amaranthus albus Tumble Pigweed AMARALB SE5 FO<br />
Amaranthus blitoides Prostrate Pigweed AMARBLI SE4? FO<br />
Amaranthus hybridus Smooth Pigweed AMARHYB SE5? FO<br />
Amaranthus powellii Green Pigweed AMARPOW SE5 FO<br />
Amaranthus retroflexus Redroot Pigweed AMARRET SE5 FO<br />
Amaranthus sp Pigweed <strong>Species</strong> AMAR-SP FO<br />
Amaranthus tuberculatus Water-hemp AMARTUB S4 FO<br />
Ambrosia artemisiifolia Common Ragweed AMBRART S5 FO<br />
Ambrosia psilostachya Perennial Ragweed AMBRPSI S4 FO<br />
Ambrosia sp Ragweed <strong>Species</strong> AMBR-SP FO<br />
Ambrosia trifida Giant Ragweed AMBRTRI S5 FO<br />
Amelanchier alnifolia Saskatoon Berry AMELALN S4? SH<br />
Amelanchier arborea Downy Serviceberry AMELARB S5 SH<br />
Amelanchier laevis Smooth Serviceberry AMELLAE S5 SH<br />
Amelanchier sanguinea Round-leaved Serviceberry AMELSAN S5? SH<br />
Amelanchier sp Serviceberry <strong>Species</strong> AMEL-SP SH<br />
Amelanchier stolonifera Low Serviceberry AMELSTO S4? SH<br />
Amerorchis rotundifolia Round-leaved Orchis AMERROT S4S5 FO<br />
Ammannia robusta Scarlet Ammannia AMMAROB S1 FO<br />
Ammophila breviligulata Beach Grass AMMOBRE S4 GR<br />
Amorpha fruticosa False-indigo AMORFRU SE1 SH<br />
Amphicarpaea bracteata Hog Peanut AMPHBRA S5 VI<br />
Anagallis arvensis Scarlet Pimpernel ANAGARV SE4 FO<br />
Anaphalis margaritacea Pearly Everlasting ANAPMAR S5 FO<br />
Andromeda polifolia ssp. glaucophylla Bog Rosemary ANDRPOG S5 SH<br />
Andropogon gerardii Big Bluestem ANDRGER S4 GR<br />
Andropogon virginicus Broom-sedge ANDRVIR S4 GR<br />
Anemone acutiloba Sharp-lobed Hepatica ANEMACU S5 FO<br />
Anemone americana Round-lobed Hepatica ANEMAME S5 FO<br />
Anemone canadensis Canada Anemone ANEMCAN S5 FO<br />
Anemone cylindrica Long-headed Anemone ANEMCYL S4 FO<br />
Anemone multifida Cut-leaved Anemone ANEMMUL S5 FO<br />
Anemone quinquefolia Wood Anemone ANEMQUI S5 FO<br />
Anemone sp Anemone <strong>Species</strong> ANEM-SP FO<br />
Anemone virginiana var. alba White Thimbleweed ANEMVIA SU FO<br />
Anemone virginiana var. virginiana Thimbleweed ANEMVIV S5 FO<br />
Anethum graveolens Dill ANETGRA SE1? FO<br />
Angelica atropurpurea Purple-stem Angelica ANGEATR S5 FO<br />
Antennaria howellii ssp. canadensis Canada Pussytoes ANTEHOC SU FO<br />
Antennaria howellii ssp. neodioica Small Pussytoes ANTEHON SU FO<br />
2
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Antennaria howellii ssp. petaloidea Sessile-leaved Pussytoes ANTEHOP SU FO<br />
Antennaria neglecta Field Pussytoes ANTENEG S5 FO<br />
Antennaria parlinii ssp. fallax Hairy Pussytoes ANTEPAF SU FO<br />
Antennaria parlinii ssp. parlinii Smooth Pussytoes ANTEPAP SU FO<br />
Antennaria sp Pussytoes <strong>Species</strong> ANTE-SP FO<br />
Anthemis arvensis Corn Chamomile ANTHARV SE5 FO<br />
Anthemis cotula Stinking Chamomile ANTHCOT SE5 FO<br />
Anthemis tinctoria Yellow Chamomile ANTHTIN SE1 FO<br />
Anthoxanthum odoratum ssp. odoratum Sweet Vernal Grass ANTHODO SE4 GR<br />
Anthriscus sylvestris Wild Chervil ANTHSYL SE4? FO<br />
Anthyllis vulneraria Kidney Vetch ANTHVUL SE1 FO<br />
Apera interrupta Interrupted Windgrass APERINT SE2 GR<br />
Apera spica-venti Windlestraw APERSPI SE3 GR<br />
Apios americana Groundnut APIOAME S5 VI<br />
Aplectrum hyemale Putty-root APLEHYE S2 FO<br />
Apocynum androsaemifolium ssp. androsaemifolium Spreading Dogbane APOCANA S5 FO<br />
Apocynum cannabinum Indian Hemp APOCCAN S5 FO<br />
Apocynum sp Dogbane <strong>Species</strong> APOC-SP FO<br />
Aquilegia canadensis Wild Columbine AQUICAN S5 FO<br />
Aquilegia vulgaris Garden Columbine AQUIVUL SE3 FO<br />
Arabidopsis thaliana Wall Cress ARABTHA SE5 FO<br />
Arabis canadensis Sicklepod ARABCAN S4 FO<br />
Arabis divaricarpa var. divaricarpa Purple Rock Cress ARABDIL S5 FO<br />
Arabis drummondii Drummond's Rock Cress ARABDRU S4 FO<br />
Arabis glabra Tower Mustard ARABGLA S5 FO<br />
Arabis hirsuta var. adpressipilis Flat-hair Rock Cress ARABHIA S1 FO<br />
Arabis hirsuta var. pycnocarpa Hairy Rock Cress ARABHIP S5 FO<br />
Arabis laevigata Smooth Rock Cress ARABLAE S5 FO<br />
Arabis lyrata Lyre-leaved Rock Cress ARABLYR S4 FO<br />
Arabis shortii Toothed Rock Cress ARABSHO S2 FO<br />
Arabis sp Rock Cress <strong>Species</strong> ARAB-SP FO<br />
Aralia hispida Bristly Sarsaparilla ARALHIS S5 SH<br />
Aralia nudicaulis Wild Sarsaparilla ARALNUD S5 FO<br />
Aralia racemosa ssp. racemosa Spikenard ARALRAR S5 FO<br />
Aralia sp Sarsaparilla <strong>Species</strong> ARAL-SP FO<br />
Arceuthobium pusillum Dwarf Mistletoe ARCEPUS S5 FO<br />
Arctium lappa Great Burdock ARCTLAP SE5 FO<br />
Arctium minus ssp. minus Common Burdock ARCTMIM SE5 FO<br />
Arctium minus ssp. nemorosum Woodland Burdock ARCTMIN SE1? FO<br />
Arctium sp Burdock <strong>Species</strong> ARCT-SP FO<br />
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry ARCTUVA S5 SH<br />
Arenaria serpyllifolia Thyme-leaved Sandwort ARENSER SE5 FO<br />
Arethusa bulbosa Dragon's Mouth ARETBUL S4 FO<br />
Argemone mexicana Mexican Prickly Poppy ARGEMEX SE1 FO<br />
Arisaema dracontium Green Dragon ARISDRA S3 FO<br />
Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum Jack-in-the-pulpit ARISTRT S5 FO<br />
Aristida basiramea Forked Three-awned Grass ARISBAS S2 GR<br />
Aristida dichotoma Churchmouse Three-awned Grass ARISDIC S1 GR<br />
Aristida longespica var. geniculata Long-spiked Three-awn Grass ARISLOG S2 GR<br />
Aristida longespica var. longespica Slim-spiked Three-awn Grass ARISLON S2 GR<br />
Aristida oligantha Prairie Three-awn Grass ARISOLI SE2 GR<br />
Aristida purpurascens var. purpurascens Arrow-feather Three-awn Grass ARISPUP S1 GR<br />
Aristida sp Three-awn Grass <strong>Species</strong> ARIS-SP GR<br />
Aristolochia clematitis Birthwort ARISCLE SE1 VI<br />
Aristolochia macrophylla Dutchman's-pipe ARISMAC SE1 VI<br />
Armoracia lacustris Lake Cress ARMOLAC S3? FO<br />
Armoracia rusticana Horseradish ARMORUS SE4 FO<br />
Aronia melanocarpa Black Chokeberry ARONMEL S5 SH<br />
Arrhenatherum elatius Tall Oat Grass ARRHELA SE4 GR<br />
Artemisia abrotanum <strong>Southern</strong> Wormwood ARTEABR SE1 FO<br />
Artemisia absinthium Common Wormwood ARTEABS SE3? FO<br />
3
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Artemisia annua Sweet Wormwood ARTEANN SE1 FO<br />
Artemisia biennis Biennial Wormwood ARTEBIE SE5 FO<br />
Artemisia campestris ssp. borealis Boreal Wormwood ARTECAB S4? FO<br />
Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata Sagewort Wormwood ARTECAC S4S5 FO<br />
Artemisia frigida Prairie Wormwood ARTEFRI S3 FO<br />
Artemisia ludoviciana Dark-leaved Mugwort ARTELUD S4? FO<br />
Artemisia pontica Roman Wormwood ARTEPON SE2? FO<br />
Artemisia sp Wormwood <strong>Species</strong> ARTE-SP FO<br />
Artemisia stelleriana Beach Wormwood ARTESTE SE1 FO<br />
Artemisia vulgaris Common Mugwort ARTEVUL SE5 FO<br />
Aruncus dioicus Bride's Feather ARUNDIO SE1 FO<br />
Asarum canadense Wild Ginger ASARCAN S5 FO<br />
Asclepias exaltata Poke Milkweed ASCLEXA S4 FO<br />
Asclepias hirtella Tall Green Milkweed ASCLHIR S1 FO<br />
Asclepias incarnata ssp. incarnata Swamp Milkweed ASCLINI S5 FO<br />
Asclepias purpurascens Purple Milkweed ASCLPUR S2 FO<br />
Asclepias quadrifolia Four-leaved Milkweed ASCLQUA S1 FO<br />
Asclepias sp Milkweed <strong>Species</strong> ASCL-SP FO<br />
Asclepias sullivantii Prairie Milkweed ASCLSUL S3 FO<br />
Asclepias syriaca Common Milkweed ASCLSYR S5 FO<br />
Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly Weed ASCLTUB S4 FO<br />
Asclepias verticillata Whorled Milkweed ASCLVER S4 FO<br />
Asclepias viridiflora Green Milkweed ASCLVIR S2 FO<br />
Asimina triloba Pawpaw ASIMTRI S3 SH<br />
Asparagus officinalis Asparagus ASPAOFF SE5 FO<br />
Asplenium platyneuron Ebony Spleenwort ASPLPLA S4 FE<br />
Asplenium rhizophyllum Walking Fern ASPLRHI S4 FE<br />
Asplenium ruta-muraria Wall Rue ASPLRUT S2 FE<br />
Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum Hart's-tongue Fern ASPLSCA S3 FE<br />
Asplenium sp Spleenwort <strong>Species</strong> ASPL-SP FE<br />
Asplenium trichomanes ssp. quadrivalens Calcic Maidenhair Spleenwort ASPLTRQ S5 FE<br />
Asplenium trichomanes ssp. trichomanes Maidenhair Spleenwort ASPLTRT SU FE<br />
Asplenium trichomanes-ramosum Green Spleenwort ASPLTRI S4 FE<br />
Aster acuminatus Whorled Wood Aster ASTEACU S4 FO<br />
Aster borealis Rush Aster ASTEBOR S5 FO<br />
Aster brachyactis Rayless Annual Aster ASTEBRA S4 FO<br />
Aster ciliolatus Ciliolate Aster ASTECIL S5 FO<br />
Aster cordifolius Heart-leaved Aster ASTECOR S5 FO<br />
Aster divaricatus White Wood Aster ASTEDIV S2 FO<br />
Aster dumosus var. strictior Bushy Aster ASTEDUS S2 FO<br />
Aster ericoides var. ericoides Heath Aster ASTEERE S5 FO<br />
Aster laevis var. laevis Smooth Aster ASTELAL S5 FO<br />
Aster lanceolatus ssp. lanceolatus Panicled Aster ASTELAN S5 FO<br />
Aster lateriflorus var. hirsuticaulis Calico Aster ASTELAU S4? FO<br />
Aster lateriflorus var. lateriflorus One-sided Aster ASTELAF S5 FO<br />
Aster macrophyllus Large-leaved Aster ASTEMAC S5 FO<br />
Aster nemoralis Bog Aster ASTENEM S5 FO<br />
Aster novae-angliae New England Aster ASTENOV S5 FO<br />
Aster ontarionis var. ontarionis <strong>Ontario</strong> Aster ASTEONO S4 FO<br />
Aster oolentangiensis Azure Aster ASTEOOL S4 FO<br />
Aster pilosus var. pilosus Hairy Aster ASTEPIP S5 FO<br />
Aster pilosus var. pringlei Pringle's Aster ASTEPIR S4 FO<br />
Aster praealtus var. praealtus Willow Aster ASTEPRP S2 FO<br />
Aster prenanthoides Crooked-stem Aster ASTEPRE S2 FO<br />
Aster puniceus var. firmus Swamp Aster ASTEPUF SU FO<br />
Aster puniceus var. puniceus Purple-stem Aster ASTEPUP S5 FO<br />
Aster schreberi Schreber's Aster ASTESCH S2S3 FO<br />
Aster shortii Short's Aster ASTESHO S4 FO<br />
Aster sp Aster <strong>Species</strong> ASTE-SP FO<br />
Aster subulatus var. subulatus Salt-marsh Aster ASTESUS SE2 FO<br />
Aster umbellatus var. umbellatus Flat-topped White Aster ASTEUMU S5 FO<br />
4
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Aster urophyllus Arrow-leaved Aster ASTEURO S4 FO<br />
Aster X amethystinus Amethyst Aster ASTEAMT SHB3? FO<br />
Astragalus canadensis Canada Milkvetch ASTRCAN S4 FO<br />
Astragalus cicer Cicer Milkvetch ASTRCIC SE1 FO<br />
Astragalus glycophyllos Sweet-leaved Milkvetch ASTRGLY SE1 FO<br />
Astragalus neglectus Cooper's Milkvetch ASTRNEG S3 FO<br />
Astragalus sp Milkvetch <strong>Species</strong> ASTR-SP FO<br />
Athyrium filix-femina var. angustum Northern Lady Fern ATHYFIA S5 FE<br />
Atriplex hortensis Garden Orache ATRIHOR SE1 FO<br />
Atriplex patula Spearscale ATRIPAT S5 FO<br />
Atriplex rosea Red Orache ATRIROS SE1 FO<br />
Atriplex sp Orach <strong>Species</strong> ATRP-SP FO<br />
Aureolaria flava Smooth False Foxglove AUREFLA S2? FO<br />
Aureolaria pedicularia Cut-leaved False Foxglove AUREPED S2? FO<br />
Aureolaria virginica Downy False Foxglove AUREVIR S1 FO<br />
Aurinia saxatilis Goldentuft AURISAX SE1 FO<br />
Avena fatua Wild Oats AVENFAT SE3 GR<br />
Avena sativa Cultivated Oats AVENSAT SE3 GR<br />
Azolla caroliniana Mosquito Fern AZOLCAR S1? FE<br />
Baptisia tinctoria Yellow Indigo BAPTTIN S2 FO<br />
Barbarea orthoceras Northern Wintercress BARBORT S4? FO<br />
Barbarea vulgaris Common Wintercress BARBVUL SE5 FO<br />
Bartonia paniculata Branched Bartonia BARTPAN S1 FO<br />
Bartonia virginica Yellow Bartonia BARTVIR S2 FO<br />
Beckmannia syzigachne American Slough Grass BECKSYZ S4 GR<br />
Bellis perennis English Daisy BELLPER SE5 FO<br />
Berberis sp Barberry <strong>Species</strong> BERB-SP SH<br />
Berberis thunbergii Japanese Barberry BERBTHU SE5 SH<br />
Berberis vulgaris Common Barberry BERBVUL SE5 SH<br />
Berteroa incana Hoary Alyssum BERTINC SE5 FO<br />
Betula alleghaniensis Yellow Birch BETUALL S5 TR<br />
Betula lenta Cherry Birch BETULEN S1 TR<br />
Betula papyrifera White Birch BETUPAP S5 TR<br />
Betula pendula European White Birch BETUPEN SE4 TR<br />
Betula populifolia Gray Birch BETUPOP S5 TR<br />
Betula pubescens ssp. pubescens Downy Birch BETUPUP SE1 TR<br />
Betula pumila Dwarf Birch BETUPUM S5 SH<br />
Betula sp Birch <strong>Species</strong> BETU-SP TR<br />
Bidens aristosa Bearded Beggar-ticks BIDEARI SE1 FO<br />
Bidens cernua Nodding Beggar-ticks BIDECER S5 FO<br />
Bidens coronata Tall Swamp Beggar-ticks BIDECOR S2 FO<br />
Bidens discoidea Small Beggar-ticks BIDEDIS S4 FO<br />
Bidens frondosa Devil's Beggar-ticks BIDEFRO S5 FO<br />
Bidens sp Beggar-ticks <strong>Species</strong> BIDE-SP FO<br />
Bidens tripartita Three-lobed Beggar-ticks BIDETRI S5 FO<br />
Bidens vulgata Tall Beggar-ticks BIDEVUL S5 FO<br />
Blephilia ciliata Downy Wood Mint BLEPCIL S1 FO<br />
Blephilia hirsuta Hairy Wood Mint BLEPHIR S1 FO<br />
Boehmeria cylindrica False Nettle BOEHCYL S5 FO<br />
Borago officinalis Borage BORAOFF SE1 FO<br />
Botrychium dissectum Cut-leaved Grape Fern BOTRDIS S5 FE<br />
Botrychium hesperium Western Grape Fern BOTRHES S1 FE<br />
Botrychium lanceolatum ssp. angustisegmentum Lance-leaved Grape Fern BOTRLAA S3? FE<br />
Botrychium matricariifolium Daisy-leaved Grape Fern BOTRMAT S4S5 FE<br />
Botrychium minganense Mingan Grape Fern BOTRMIN S4 FE<br />
Botrychium multifidum Leathery Grape Fern BOTRMUL S5 FE<br />
Botrychium oneidense Blunt-lobed Grape Fern BOTRONE S3? FE<br />
Botrychium rugulosum St. Lawrence Grape Fern BOTRRUG S2 FE<br />
Botrychium simplex Least Grape Fern BOTRSIM S4? FE<br />
Botrychium sp Grape Fern <strong>Species</strong> BOTR-SP FE<br />
Botrychium virginianum Rattlesnake Fern BOTRVIR S5 FE<br />
5
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Bouteloua curtipendula Side-oats Grama BOUTCUR S2 GR<br />
Brachyelytrum erectum var. erectum Long-awned Wood Grass BRACERE S4? GR<br />
Brachyelytrum erectum var. glabratum Northern Long-awned Wood Grass BRACERG S4S5 GR<br />
Brasenia schreberi Water-shield BRASSCH S5 FO<br />
Brassica juncea Indian Mustard BRASJUN SE5 FO<br />
Brassica napus Rape BRASNAP SE1 FO<br />
Brassica nigra Black Mustard BRASNIG SE5 FO<br />
Brassica rapa Wild Turnip BRASRAP SE5 FO<br />
Brassica sp Mustard <strong>Species</strong> BRAS-SP FO<br />
Briza media Small Quaking Grass BRIZMED SE1 GR<br />
Bromus briziformis Rattlesnake Chess BROMBRI SE1 GR<br />
Bromus ciliatus Fringed Brome BROMCIL S5 GR<br />
Bromus commutatus Hairy Chess BROMCOM SE4 GR<br />
Bromus erectus Upright Brome BROMERE SE1 GR<br />
Bromus inermis ssp. inermis Smooth Brome BROMINI SE5 GR<br />
Bromus japonicus Japanese Chess BROMJAP SE4 GR<br />
Bromus kalmii Prairie Brome BROMKAL S4 GR<br />
Bromus latiglumis Tall Brome BROMLAT S4 GR<br />
Bromus nottowayanus Nottoway Brome BROMNOT S1S2 GR<br />
Bromus pubescens Canada Brome BROMPUB S4 GR<br />
Bromus secalinus ssp. secalinus Chess BROMSES SE4 GR<br />
Bromus sp Brome <strong>Species</strong> BROM-SP GR<br />
Bromus squarrosus Rough Brome BROMSQU SE2 GR<br />
Bromus sterilis Barren Brome BROMSTE SE1 GR<br />
Bromus tectorum Downy Chess BROMTEC SE5 GR<br />
Bromus X pseudothominii Hybrid Soft Brome BROMPSE SHBE2 GR<br />
Buchnera americana Blue-hearts BUCHAME S1 FO<br />
Buglossoides arvensis Corn Gromwell BUGLARV SE5 FO<br />
Bulbostylis capillaris ssp. capillaris Hair-like Bulbostylis BULBCAC S4 SE<br />
Butomus umbellatus Flowering-rush BUTOUMB SE5 FO<br />
Cacalia plantaginea Tuberous Indian-plantain CACAPLA S3 FO<br />
Cakile edentula Sea-rocket CAKIEDE S4 FO<br />
Calamagrostis canadensis Canada Blue-joint CALACAN S5 GR<br />
Calamagrostis epigejos Feathertop CALAEPI SE2 GR<br />
Calamagrostis sp Reed Grass <strong>Species</strong> CALA-SP GR<br />
Calamagrostis stricta ssp. inexpansa Narrow Reed Grass CALASTI S5 GR<br />
Calamintha arkansana Wild Savoury CALAARK S4S5 FO<br />
Calamovilfa longifolia var. magna Sand Reed CALALOM S3 GR<br />
Calendula officinalis Pot-marigold CALEOFF SE1 FO<br />
Calla palustris Water Arum CALLPLS S5 FO<br />
Callitriche hermaphroditica Autumn Water Starwort CALLHER S5 FO<br />
Callitriche heterophylla ssp. heterophylla Larger Water Starwort CALLHEH S2? FO<br />
Callitriche palustris Common Water Starwort CALLPLU S5 FO<br />
Callitriche sp Water Starwort <strong>Species</strong> CALH-SP FO<br />
Calopogon tuberosus Grass Pink CALOTUB S4S5 FO<br />
Caltha palustris Marsh Marigold CALTPAL S5 FO<br />
Calypso bulbosa Calypso CALYBUL S4S5 FO<br />
Calystegia sepium ssp. angulata Hedge Bindweed CALYSEG S5 FO<br />
Calystegia sp Bindweed <strong>Species</strong> CALS-SP FO<br />
Calystegia spithamaea ssp. spithamaea Low Bindweed CALYSPS S4S5 FO<br />
Camassia scilloides Wild Hyacinth CAMASCI S2 FO<br />
Camelina microcarpa Small-fruited False Flax CAMEMIC SE5 FO<br />
Camelina sativa Gold-of-pleasure CAMESAT SE3 FO<br />
Campanula americana Tall Bellflower CAMPAME S4 FO<br />
Campanula aparinoides Marsh Bellflower CAMPAPA S5 FO<br />
Campanula medium Canterbury-bells CAMPMED SE1 FO<br />
Campanula rapunculoides European Bellflower CAMPRAP SE5 FO<br />
Campanula rotundifolia Harebell CAMPROT S5 FO<br />
Campanula sp Bellfower <strong>Species</strong> CAMP-SP FO<br />
Campanula trachelium Nettle-leaved Bellflower CAMPTRA SE1 FO<br />
Campsis radicans Trumpet Creeper CAMPRAD S2? VW<br />
6
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Cannabis sativa Marijuana CANNSAT SE1 FO<br />
Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's Purse CAPSBUR SE5 FO<br />
Caragana arborescens Siberian Pea Tree CARAARB SE1 SH<br />
Cardamine bulbosa White Spring Cress CARDBUL S4 FO<br />
Cardamine concatenata Cut-leaved Toothwort CARDCON S5 FO<br />
Cardamine diphylla Broad-leaved Toothwort CARDDIP S5 FO<br />
Cardamine douglassii Pink Spring Cress CARDDOU S4 FO<br />
Cardamine flexuosa Bitter Cress CARDFLE SE1 FO<br />
Cardamine hirsuta Hairy Bitter Cress CARDHIR SE3 FO<br />
Cardamine impatiens Cardamine CARDIMP SE1 FO<br />
Cardamine parviflora Small-flowered Bitter Cress CARDPAR S5 FO<br />
Cardamine pensylvanica Pennsylvania Bitter Cress CARDPEN S5 FO<br />
Cardamine pratensis ssp. pratensis Cuckoo-flower CARDPRA S5 FO<br />
Cardamine sp Bitter Cress <strong>Species</strong> CARD-SP FO<br />
Cardamine X maxima Large Toothwort CARDMAX SHB3 FO<br />
Cardaria draba ssp. draba Whitlow Pepperwort CARDDRD SE2 FO<br />
Carduus acanthoides Spiny Plumeless Thistle CARDACA SE5 FO<br />
Carduus crispus Curled Thistle CARDCRI SE FO<br />
Carduus nutans ssp. leiophyllus Nodding Thistle CARDNUL SE5 FO<br />
Carduus sp Plumeless Thistle <strong>Species</strong> CARU-SP FO<br />
Carex aggregata Crowded Sedge CAREAGG S1 SE<br />
Carex alata Broad-winged Sedge CAREALA S1 SE<br />
Carex albicans var. albicans Blunt-scaled Oak Sedge CAREALB S3 SE<br />
Carex albicans var. emmonsii Sharp-scaled Oak Sedge CAREALE S2 SE<br />
Carex albursina Blunt-scaled Wood Sedge CAREALU S5 SE<br />
Carex alopecoidea Brown-headed Fox Sedge CAREALO S5 SE<br />
Carex amphibola var. amphibola Gray Sedge CAREAMA S2 SE<br />
Carex amphibola var. turgida Wood Gray Sedge CAREAMT S4 SE<br />
Carex annectens Yellow-fruited Fox Sedge CAREANA S2 SE<br />
Carex annectens var. xanthocarpa Small Yellow Fox Sedge CAREANX S2 SE<br />
Carex appalachica Appalachian Sedge CAREAPP S2S3 SE<br />
Carex aquatilis Water Sedge CAREAQU S5 SE<br />
Carex arctata Drooping Wood Sedge CAREART S5 SE<br />
Carex argyrantha Silvery-flowered Sedge CAREARG S2? SE<br />
Carex atherodes Hairy-leaved Lake Sedge CAREATH S4S5 SE<br />
Carex atlantica ssp. capillacea Atlantic Star Sedge CAREATL S1 SE<br />
Carex aurea Golden-fruited Sedge CAREAUR S5 SE<br />
Carex backii Back's Sedge CAREBAC S4S5 SE<br />
Carex bebbii Bebb's Sedge CAREBEB S5 SE<br />
Carex bicknellii Copper-shouldered Sedge CAREBIC S2 SE<br />
Carex blanda Common Wood Sedge CAREBLA S5 SE<br />
Carex brevior Short-beaked Sedge CAREBRE S4S5 SE<br />
Carex bromoides Bromelike Sedge CAREBRO S5 SE<br />
Carex brunnescens Brownish Sedge CAREBRU S5 SE<br />
Carex buxbaumii Dark-scaled Sedge CAREBUX S5 SE<br />
Carex canescens Silvery Sedge CARECAN S5 SE<br />
Carex capillaris ssp. capillaris Hair-like Sedge CARECAP S5 SE<br />
Carex careyana Carey's Wood Sedge CARECAR S2 SE<br />
Carex castanea Chestnut-scaled Sedge CARECAS S5 SE<br />
Carex cephaloidea Rough-clustered Sedge CARECEP S5 SE<br />
Carex cephalophora Oval-headed Sedge CARECEH S5 SE<br />
Carex chordorrhiza Creeping Sedge CARECHO S5 SE<br />
Carex communis Fibrous Rooted Sedge CARECOM S5 SE<br />
Carex comosa Bristly Sedge CARECOO S5 SE<br />
Carex concinna Coniferous Wood Sedge CARECON S5 SE<br />
Carex conoidea Field Sedge CARECOI S3 SE<br />
Carex crawei Early Fen Sedge CARECRA S4 SE<br />
Carex crawfordii Crawford's Sedge CARECRW S5 SE<br />
Carex crinita Fringed Sedge CARECRI S5 SE<br />
Carex cristatella Crested Sedge CARECRS S5 SE<br />
Carex crus-corvi Raven's-foot Sedge CARECRU S1 SE<br />
7
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Carex cryptolepis Small Yellow Sedge CARECRY S4 SE<br />
Carex cumulata Clustered Sedge CARECUM S4 SE<br />
Carex davisii Awned Graceful Sedge CAREDAV S2 SE<br />
Carex debilis Northern White-edged Sedge CAREDEB S5 SE<br />
Carex deflexa Northern Sedge CAREDEF S5 SE<br />
Carex deweyana Dewey's Sedge CAREDEW S5 SE<br />
Carex diandra Lesser Panicled Sedge CAREDIA S5 SE<br />
Carex digitalis Narrow-leaved Wood Sedge CAREDIG S4S5 SE<br />
Carex disperma Two-seeded Sedge CAREDIS S5 SE<br />
Carex eburnea Bristle-leaved Sedge CAREEBU S5 SE<br />
Carex echinata Large-fruited Star Sedge CAREECH S5 SE<br />
Carex emoryi Riverbank Sedge CAREEMO S4 SE<br />
Carex exilis Coast Sedge CAREEXI S5 SE<br />
Carex festucacea Fescue Oval Sedge CAREFES S1 SE<br />
Carex flacca Flabby Sedge CAREFLA SE2 SE<br />
Carex flava Yellow Sedge CAREFLV S5 SE<br />
Carex foenea Bronze Sedge CAREFOE S5 SE<br />
Carex folliculata Long Sedge CAREFOL S3 SE<br />
Carex formosa Awnless Graceful Sedge CAREFOR S4 SE<br />
Carex frankii Bristly Cattail Sedge CAREFRA S2 SE<br />
Carex garberi False Golden Sedge CAREGAR S4 SE<br />
Carex glaucodea Blue Sedge CAREGLU S1 SE<br />
Carex gracilescens Slender Wood Sedge CAREGRA S4 SE<br />
Carex gracillima Graceful Sedge CAREGRM S5 SE<br />
Carex granularis Meadow Sedge CAREGRN S5 SE<br />
Carex gravida Heavy Sedge CAREGRV S1 SE<br />
Carex grayi Common Bur Sedge CAREGRY S4 SE<br />
Carex gynandra Nodding Sedge CAREGYN S5 SE<br />
Carex gynocrates Ridged Sedge CAREGYO S5 SE<br />
Carex haydenii Long-scaled Tussock Sedge CAREHAY S4 SE<br />
Carex hirsutella Hairy Green Sedge CAREHIR S3 SE<br />
Carex hirta Hammer Sedge CAREHRT SE2 SE<br />
Carex hirtifolia Hairy Wood Sedge CAREHII S5 SE<br />
Carex hitchcockiana Hitchcock's Sedge CAREHIT S5 SE<br />
Carex houghtoniana Houghton's Sedge CAREHOU S5 SE<br />
Carex hyalinolepis Hyaline-scaled Sedge CAREHYA S4 SE<br />
Carex hystericina Porcupine Sedge CAREHYS S5 SE<br />
Carex inops ssp. heliophila Sun-loving Sedge CAREINO S1 SE<br />
Carex interior Inland Sedge CAREINT S5 SE<br />
Carex intumescens Bladder Sedge CAREINU S5 SE<br />
Carex jamesii James' Sedge CAREJAM S4 SE<br />
Carex juniperorum Juniper Sedge CAREJUN S1 SE<br />
Carex lacustris Lakebank Sedge CARELAC S5 SE<br />
Carex laevivaginata Smooth-sheathed Sedge CARELAE S4 SE<br />
Carex lasiocarpa Narrow-leaved Woolly Sedge CARELAS S5 SE<br />
Carex laxiculmis var. copulata Spreading Wood Sedge CARELAU S3? SE<br />
Carex laxiculmis var. laxiculmis Weak-stemmed Wood Sedge CARELXC S4 SE<br />
Carex laxiflora Loose-flowered Sedge CARELAX S5 SE<br />
Carex leavenworthii Leavenworth's Sedge CARELEA S1 SE<br />
Carex lenticularis Lenticular Sedge CARELEN S5 SE<br />
Carex leptalea Bristle-stalked Sedge CARELEP S5 SE<br />
Carex leptonervia Few-nerved Wood Sedge CARELET S4 SE<br />
Carex limosa Mud Sedge CARELIM S5 SE<br />
Carex livida Livid Sedge CARELIV S5 SE<br />
Carex lucorum Distant Sedge CARELUC S4 SE<br />
Carex lupuliformis Knobbed Hop Sedge CARELPL S1 SE<br />
Carex lupulina Common Hop Sedge CARELUP S5 SE<br />
Carex lurida Sallow Sedge CARELUR S5 SE<br />
Carex magellanica ssp. irrigua Stunted Sedge CAREMAG S5 SE<br />
Carex meadii Mead's Sedge CAREMEA S2 SE<br />
Carex merritt-fernaldii Merritt's Sedge CAREMER S5 SE<br />
8
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Carex mesochorea Midland Sedge CAREMES S1 SE<br />
Carex molesta Troublesome Sedge CAREMOL S4? SE<br />
Carex muhlenbergii var. enervis Nerveless Muhlenber's Sedge CAREMUE S1S2 SE<br />
Carex muhlenbergii var. muhlenbergii Muhlenberg's Sedge CAREMUH S4S5 SE<br />
Carex muricata Rough-pointed Sedge CAREMUR SE1 SE<br />
Carex muskingumensis Swamp Sedge CAREMUS S3 SE<br />
Carex nigromarginata Black-edged Sedge CARENIG S1 SE<br />
Carex normalis Larger Straw Sedge CARENOR S4 SE<br />
Carex novae-angliae Norway Sedge CARENOE S4 SE<br />
Carex oligocarpa Few-fruited Sedge CAREOLG S3 SE<br />
Carex oligosperma Few-seeded Sedge CAREOLI S4 SE<br />
Carex ormostachya Necklace-like Spiked Sedge CAREORM S4 SE<br />
Carex pallescens Pale Sedge CAREPAE S5 SE<br />
Carex parryana Parry's Sedge CAREPAR S1? SE<br />
Carex pauciflora Few-flowered Sedge CAREPAU S5 SE<br />
Carex peckii Peck's Sedge CAREPEC S5 SE<br />
Carex pedunculata Long-stalked Sedge CAREPED S5 SE<br />
Carex pellita Broad-leaved Woolly Sedge CAREPEL S5 SE<br />
Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania Sedge CAREPEN S5 SE<br />
Carex plantaginea <strong>Plant</strong>ain-leaved Sedge CAREPLA S5 SE<br />
Carex platyphylla Broad-leaved Wood Sedge CAREPLT S5 SE<br />
Carex praegracilis Expressway Sedge CAREPRA SE5 SE<br />
Carex prairea Prairie Sedge CAREPRI S5 SE<br />
Carex prasina Drooping Sedge CAREPRS S4 SE<br />
Carex praticola Large-fruited Oval Sedge CAREPRT S2 SE<br />
Carex projecta Necklace Sedge CAREPRO S5 SE<br />
Carex pseudo-cyperus Cypress-like Sedge CAREPSE S5 SE<br />
Carex radiata Radiate Sedge CARERAD S4 SE<br />
Carex retroflexa Reflexed Sedge CARERTF S2 SE<br />
Carex retrorsa Retrorse Sedge CARERET S5 SE<br />
Carex richardsonii Prairie Hummock Sedge CARERIC S4? SE<br />
Carex rosea Stellate Sedge CAREROE S5 SE<br />
Carex sartwellii Running Marsh Sedge CARESAR S4 SE<br />
Carex scabrata Rough Sedge CARESCA S5 SE<br />
Carex schweinitzii Schweinitz's Sedge CARESCH S3 SE<br />
Carex scirpoidea ssp. convoluta Convoluted Single-spike Sedge CARESCC S3 SE<br />
Carex scirpoidea ssp. scirpoidea Northern Single-spike Sedge CARESCI S5 SE<br />
Carex scoparia Pointed Broom Sedge CARESCO S5 SE<br />
Carex seorsa Swamp Star Sedge CARESEO S2 SE<br />
Carex shortiana Short's Sedge CARESHO S1 SE<br />
Carex siccata Hay Sedge CARESIC S5 SE<br />
Carex sp Sedge <strong>Species</strong> CARE-SP SE<br />
Carex sparganioides Bur-reed Sedge CARESPA S5 SE<br />
Carex spicata Spiked Sedge CARESPI SE5 SE<br />
Carex sprengelii Long-beaked Sedge CARESPR S5 SE<br />
Carex squarrosa Narrow-leaved Cattail Sedge CARESQU S2 SE<br />
Carex sterilis Fen Star Sedge CARESTE S4 SE<br />
Carex stipata Awl-fruited Sedge CARESTI S5 SE<br />
Carex stricta Tussock Sedge CARESTR S5 SE<br />
Carex suberecta Prairie Straw Sedge CARESUB S2 SE<br />
Carex swanii Downy Green Sedge CARESWA S4 SE<br />
Carex sychnocephala Dense Long-beaked Sedge CARESYC S4 SE<br />
Carex sylvatica Woodland Sedge CARESYL SE2 SE<br />
Carex tenera Slender Straw Sedge CARETEN S5 SE<br />
Carex tenuiflora Sparse-flowered Sedge CARETEU S5 SE<br />
Carex tetanica Rigid Sedge CARETET S3 SE<br />
Carex tonsa var. rugosperma Dark-green Sedge CARETOR S5 SE<br />
Carex tonsa var. tonsa Smooth-fruited Oak Sedge CARETOT S4S5 SE<br />
Carex tribuloides Blunt Broom Sedge CARETRI S4S5 SE<br />
Carex trichocarpa Hairy-fruited Sedge CARETRC S3 SE<br />
Carex trisperma Three-seeded Sedge CARETRT S5 SE<br />
9
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Carex tuckermanii Tuckerman's Sedge CARETUC S4 SE<br />
Carex typhina Cattail Sedge CARETYP S2 SE<br />
Carex umbellata Early Oak Sedge CAREUMB S5 SE<br />
Carex utriculata Beaked Sedge CAREUTR S5 SE<br />
Carex vaginata Sheathed Sedge CAREVAG S5 SE<br />
Carex vesicaria Inflated Sedge CAREVES S5 SE<br />
Carex virescens Ribbed Sedge CAREVIR S3 SE<br />
Carex viridula Greenish Sedge CAREVIV S5 SE<br />
Carex vulpinoidea Fox Sedge CAREVUL S5 SE<br />
Carex wiegandii Wiegand's Sedge CAREWIE S1 SE<br />
Carex willdenowii Williams' Sedge CAREWIL S1 SE<br />
Carex woodii Purple-tinged Sedge CAREWOO S4 SE<br />
Carex X subimpressa Hybrid Woolly Sedge CARESUI SHB2 SE<br />
Carpinus caroliniana Blue Beech CARPCAR S5 SH<br />
Carum carvi Common Caraway CARUCAR SE1? FO<br />
Carya cordiformis Bitternut Hickory CARYCOR S5 TR<br />
Carya glabra Pignut Hickory CARYGLA S3 TR<br />
Carya laciniosa Big Shellbark Hickory CARYLAC S3 TR<br />
Carya ovata Shagbark Hickory CARYOVA S5 TR<br />
Carya sp Hickory <strong>Species</strong> CARY-SP TR<br />
Cassia hebecarpa American Senna CASSHEB S1 FO<br />
Castanea dentata American Chestnut CASTDEN S2 TR<br />
Castilleja coccinea Indian Paintbrush CASTCOC S5 FO<br />
Catalpa speciosa Northern Catalpa CATASPE SE1 TR<br />
Caulophyllum giganteum Purple-flowered Blue Cohosh CAULGIG S4? FO<br />
Caulophyllum thalictroides Blue Cohosh CAULTHA S5 FO<br />
Ceanothus americanus New Jersey Tea CEANAME S4 SH<br />
Ceanothus herbaceus Narrow-leaved New Jersey Tea CEANHER S4 SH<br />
Ceanothus sp New Jersey Tea <strong>Species</strong> CEAN-SP SH<br />
Celastrus scandens Climbing Bittersweet CELASCA S5 VW<br />
Celtis occidentalis Hackberry CELTOCC S4 TR<br />
Celtis sp Hackberry <strong>Species</strong> CELT-SP TR<br />
Celtis tenuifolia Dwarf Hackberry CELTTEN S2 SH<br />
Cenchrus longispinus Sandbur CENCLON S4 GR<br />
Centaurea cyanus Bachelor's Button CENTCYA SE1 FO<br />
Centaurea diffusa Spreading Knapweed CENTDIF SE1 FO<br />
Centaurea jacea Brown Knapweed CENTJAC SE5 FO<br />
Centaurea macrocephala Bighead Knapweed CENTMCR SE1 FO<br />
Centaurea maculosa Spotted Knapweed CENTMAC SE5 FO<br />
Centaurea nigra Black Knapweed CENTNIG SE? FO<br />
Centaurea nigrescens Tyrol Knapweed CENTNIN SE5 FO<br />
Centaurea sp Knapweed <strong>Species</strong> CENT-SP FO<br />
Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury CENTERY SE3 FO<br />
Centaurium pulchellum Branching Centaury CENTPUL SE3 FO<br />
Cephalanthus occidentalis Buttonbush CEPHOCC S5 SH<br />
Cerastium arvense ssp. arvense Meadow Chickweed CERAARA SE3 FO<br />
Cerastium arvense ssp. strictum Field Chickweed CERAARS S4 FO<br />
Cerastium brachypodum Short-stalked Chickweed CERABRA S2 FO<br />
Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear Chickweed CERAFON SE5 FO<br />
Cerastium glomeratum Sticky Chickweed CERAGLO SE1 FO<br />
Cerastium nutans Nodding Chickweed CERANUT S4 FO<br />
Cerastium pumilum Dwarf Chickweed CERAPUM SE2 FO<br />
Cerastium semidecandrum Small Mouse-ear Chickweed CERASEM SE5 FO<br />
Cerastium sp Chickweed <strong>Species</strong> CERA-SP FO<br />
Cerastium tomentosum Snow-in-summer CERATOM SE2 FO<br />
Cerastium velutinum Long-hairy Chickweed CERAVEL S2 FO<br />
Ceratophyllum demersum Common Coontail CERADEM S5 FO<br />
Ceratophyllum echinatum Prickly Hornwort CERAECH S3? FO<br />
Ceratophyllum sp Coontail <strong>Species</strong> CERT-SP FO<br />
Cercis canadensis Redbud CERCCAN SX SH<br />
Chaenorrhinum minus Lesser Toadflax CHAEMIN SE5 FO<br />
10
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Chaerophyllum procumbens var. procumbens Spreading Chervil CHAEPRP S2 FO<br />
Chamaedaphne calyculata Leatherleaf CHAMCAL S5 SH<br />
Chamaesyce glyptosperma Ridge-seeded Broomspurge CHAMGLY SE5 FO<br />
Chamaesyce humistrata Prostrate Broomspurge CHAMHUM SE1 FO<br />
Chamaesyce maculata Blotched Broomspurge CHAMMAC SE5 FO<br />
Chamaesyce nutans Little Ground Broomspurge CHAMNUT S4S5 FO<br />
Chamaesyce polygonifolia Seaside Broomspurge CHAMPOL S4 FO<br />
Chamaesyce serpyllifolia Thyme-leaved Broomspurge CHAMSRP SE2? FO<br />
Chamaesyce sp Spurge <strong>Species</strong> CHAM-SP FO<br />
Chamaesyce vermiculata Hairy Broomspurge CHAMVER S5 FO<br />
Chara sp Stonewort <strong>Species</strong> CHAR-SP AL<br />
Chelidonium majus Celandine CHELMAJ SE5 FO<br />
Chelone glabra Turtlehead CHELGLA S5 FO<br />
Chenopodium album var. album Lamb's Quarters CHENALA SE5 FO<br />
Chenopodium ambrosioides Mexican Tea CHENAMB SE1 FO<br />
Chenopodium bonus-henricus Good King Henry CHENBON SE1 FO<br />
Chenopodium botrys Jerusalem Oak Goosefoot CHENBOT SE4 FO<br />
Chenopodium bushianum Bush's Goosefoot CHENBEB S1S2 FO<br />
Chenopodium capitatum Strawberry Blite CHENCAP S5 FO<br />
Chenopodium foggii Fogg's Goosefoot CHENFOG S2 FO<br />
Chenopodium glaucum ssp. glaucum Oak-leaved Goosefoot CHENGLG SE5 FO<br />
Chenopodium leptophyllum Slim-leaved Goosefoot CHENLEP S1 FO<br />
Chenopodium murale Sow-bane CHENMUR SE1 FO<br />
Chenopodium rubrum Coast-blite CHENRUB SE2 FO<br />
Chenopodium simplex Maple-leaved Goosefoot CHENSIM S5 FO<br />
Chenopodium sp Goosefoot <strong>Species</strong> CHEN-SP FO<br />
Chenopodium standleyanum Bosc's Goosefoot CHENSTA S2 FO<br />
Chenopodium urbicum Upright Goosefoot CHENURB SE1 FO<br />
Chenopodium vulvaria Stinking Goosefoot CHENVUL SE1 FO<br />
Chimaphila maculata var. maculata Spotted Wintergreen CHIMMAM S1 SH<br />
Chimaphila umbellata ssp. cisatlantica Pipsissewa CHIMUMC S5 SH<br />
Chondrilla juncea Skeleton-weed CHONJUN SE1 FO<br />
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Ox-eye Daisy CHRYLEU SE5 FO<br />
Chrysosplenium americanum Golden Saxifrage CHRYAME S5 FO<br />
Cichorium intybus Chicory CICHINT SE5 FO<br />
Cicuta bulbifera Bulb-bearing Water-hemlock CICUBUL S5 FO<br />
Cicuta maculata Spotted Water-hemlock CICUMAC S5 FO<br />
Cicuta sp Water-hemlock <strong>Species</strong> CICU-SP FO<br />
Cimicifuga racemosa Black Cohosh CIMIRAC S2 FO<br />
Cinna arundinacea Stout Woodreed CINNARU S4 GR<br />
Cinna latifolia Drooping Woodreed CINNLAT S5 GR<br />
Cinna sp Woodreed <strong>Species</strong> CINN-SP GR<br />
Circaea alpina Dwarf Enchanter's Nightshade CIRCALP S5 FO<br />
Circaea lutetiana ssp. canadensis Canada Enchanter's Nightshade CIRCLUC S5 FO<br />
Circaea sp Enchanter's Nightshade <strong>Species</strong> CIRC-SP FO<br />
Cirsium arvense Canada Thistle CIRSARE SE5 FO<br />
Cirsium discolor Field Thistle CIRSDIS S3 FO<br />
Cirsium hillii Prairie Thistle CIRSHIL S3 FO<br />
Cirsium muticum Swamp Thistle CIRSMUT S5 FO<br />
Cirsium pitcheri Pitcher's Thistle CIRSPIT S2 FO<br />
Cirsium sp Thistle <strong>Species</strong> CIRS-SP FO<br />
Cirsium vulgare Bull Thistle CIRSVUL SE5 FO<br />
Cladium mariscoides Twig-rush CLADMAR S5 SE<br />
Cladonia sp Raindeer Moss <strong>Species</strong> CLAD-SP LC<br />
Claytonia caroliniana Carolina Spring Beauty CLAYCAR S5 FO<br />
Claytonia sp Spring Beauty <strong>Species</strong> CLAY-SP FO<br />
Claytonia virginica Virginia Spring Beauty CLAYVIR S5 FO<br />
Clematis occidentalis Purple Clematis CLEMOCC S4S5 VW<br />
Clematis sp Clematis <strong>Species</strong> CLEM-SP VW<br />
Clematis virginiana Virgin's Bower CLEMVIR S5 VW<br />
Cleome hassleriana Spider <strong>Plant</strong> CLEOHAS SE1 FO<br />
11
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Cleome serrulata Stinking Clover CLEOSER SE1 FO<br />
Clinopodium vulgare Wild Basil CLINVUL S5 FO<br />
Clintonia borealis Bluebead Lily CLINBOR S5 FO<br />
Coeloglossum viride var. virescens Long-bracted Green Orchid COELVIV S4 FO<br />
Collinsia parviflora var. parviflora Few-flowered Collinsia COLLPAP S4 FO<br />
Collinsonia canadensis Horsebalm COLLCAN S4 FO<br />
Comandra umbellata Bastard Toadflax COMAUMB S5 FO<br />
Commelina communis Asiatic Day-flower COMMCOM SE3 FO<br />
Comptonia peregrina Sweet Fern COMPPER S5 SH<br />
Conioselinum chinense Hemlock-parsley CONICHI S2 FO<br />
Conium maculatum Poison Hemlock CONIMAC SE2? FO<br />
Conopholis americana Squawroot CONOAME S4? FO<br />
Conringia orientalis Treacle Mustard CONRORI SE2 FO<br />
Consolida ajacis Rocket Larkspur CONSAJA SE1 FO<br />
Convallaria majalis Lily-of-the-valley CONVMAJ SE5 FO<br />
Convolvulus arvensis Field Bindweed CONVARV SE5 VI<br />
Conyza canadensis Horseweed CONYCAN S5 FO<br />
Coptis trifolia ssp. groenlandica Goldthread COPTTRG S5 FO<br />
Corallorhiza maculata Spotted Coralroot CORAMAC S5 FO<br />
Corallorhiza odontorhiza Autumn Coralroot CORAODO S2 FO<br />
Corallorhiza sp Coralroot <strong>Species</strong> CORA-SP FO<br />
Corallorhiza striata Striped Coralroot CORASTR S4 FO<br />
Corallorhiza trifida Early Coralroot CORATRI S5 FO<br />
Coreopsis grandiflora Large-flowered Coreopsis COREGRA SE3? FO<br />
Coreopsis lanceolata Lance-leaved Coreopsis CORELAN S4? FO<br />
Coreopsis sp Coreopsis <strong>Species</strong> CORE-SP FO<br />
Coreopsis tinctoria Golden Coreopsis CORETIN SE1 FO<br />
Coreopsis tripteris Tall Coreopsis CORETRP S2 FO<br />
Coriandrum sativum Common Coriander CORISAT SE1 FO<br />
Corispermum hookeri Hooker's Bugseed CORIHOO S1S3 FO<br />
Corispermum pallasii Pallas Bugseed CORIPAL S1S3 FO<br />
Corispermum villosum Villose Bugseed CORIVIL S1S3 FO<br />
Cornus alternifolia Alternate-leaved Dogwood CORNALT S5 SH<br />
Cornus amomum ssp. obliqua Silky Dogwood CORNAMO S5 SH<br />
Cornus canadensis Bunchberry CORNCAN S5 SH<br />
Cornus drummondii Rough-leaved Dogwood CORNDRU S4 SH<br />
Cornus florida Eastern Flowering Dogwood CORNFLO S2? SH<br />
Cornus foemina ssp. racemosa Gray Dogwood CORNFOR S5 SH<br />
Cornus rugosa Round-leaved Dogwood CORNRUG S5 SH<br />
Cornus sp Dogwood <strong>Species</strong> CORN-SP SH<br />
Cornus stolonifera Red-osier Dogwood CORNSTO S5 SH<br />
Coronilla varia Crown-vetch COROVAR SE5 FO<br />
Corydalis aurea Golden Corydalis CORYAUR S5 FO<br />
Corydalis flavula Pale Corydalis CORYFLA S2 FO<br />
Corydalis sempervirens Pink Corydalis CORYSEM S5 FO<br />
Corylus americana American Hazelnut CORYAME S5 SH<br />
Corylus cornuta Beaked Hazelnut CORYCOR S5 SH<br />
Corylus sp Hazelnut <strong>Species</strong> CORY-SP SH<br />
Cosmos bipinnatus Black Cosmos COSMBIP SE1 FO<br />
Crataegus apiomorpha Pear-shaped Hawthorn CRATAPI S1S2 SH<br />
Crataegus brainerdii Brainerd's Hawthorn CRATBRA S2 SH<br />
Crataegus calpodendron Pear Hawthorn CRATCAL S4S5 SH<br />
Crataegus chrysocarpa Fireberry Hawthorn CRATCHR S5 SH<br />
Crataegus compacta Thames Hawthorn CRATCOC S4 SH<br />
Crataegus crus-galli Cockspur Hawthorn CRATCRU S5 SH<br />
Crataegus dilatata Broad-leaf Hawthorn CRATDIL S? SH<br />
Crataegus dissona Northern Hawthorn CRATDIN S3 SH<br />
Crataegus dodgei Dodge's Hawthorn CRATDOD S4 SH<br />
Crataegus douglasii Black Hawthorn CRATDOU S4 SH<br />
Crataegus flabellata Fanleaf Hawthorn CRATFLA S4 SH<br />
Crataegus formosa Beautiful Hawthorn CRATFOR S? SH<br />
12
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Crataegus fulleriana Fuller's Hawthorn CRATFUL S2? SH<br />
Crataegus holmesiana Holmes Hawthorn CRATHOL SRF SH<br />
Crataegus irrasa Blanchard's Hawthorn CRATIRR S4? SH<br />
Crataegus lumaria Round-leaved Hawthorn CRATLUM S3? SH<br />
Crataegus macracantha Long-spined Hawthorn CRATMAC S5 SH<br />
Crataegus macrosperma Variable Hawthorn CRATMCS S5 SH<br />
Crataegus mollis Downy Hawthorn CRATMOL S5 SH<br />
Crataegus monogyna One-seeded Hawthorn CRATMON SE5 SH<br />
Crataegus pedicellata Pedicelled Hawthorn CRATPED SRF SH<br />
Crataegus pennsylvanica Pennsylvania Hawthorn CRATPEN S1S2 SH<br />
Crataegus persimilis Bush's Hawthorn CRATPER S? SH<br />
Crataegus pringlei Pringle's Hawthorn CRATPRI S5 SH<br />
Crataegus pruinosa Frosted Hawthorn CRATPRU S4? SH<br />
Crataegus punctata Dotted Hawthorn CRATPUN S5 SH<br />
Crataegus scabrida Rough Hawthorn CRATSCA S3? SH<br />
Crataegus schuettei Royal Hawthorn CRATSCH S4 SH<br />
Crataegus sp Hawthorn <strong>Species</strong> CRAT-SP SH<br />
Crataegus submollis Emerson's Hawthorn CRATSBM S4S5 SH<br />
Crataegus suborbiculata Caughuawaga Hawthorn CRATSUB S2 SH<br />
Crataegus succulenta Fleshy Hawthorn CRATSUC S4S5 SH<br />
Crataegus sylvestris Woodland Hawthorn CRATSYL SU SH<br />
Crepis capillaris Smooth Hawk's Beard CREPCAP SE1 FO<br />
Crepis sp Hawk's Beard <strong>Species</strong> CREP-SP FO<br />
Crepis tectorum Narrow-leaved Hawk's Beard CREPTEC SE5 FO<br />
Croton capitatus Woolly Croton CROTCAP SE1 FO<br />
Crypsis schoenoides False Timothy CRYPSCH SE1 GR<br />
Cryptogramma stelleri Slender Cliff-brake CRYPSTE S4S5 FE<br />
Cryptotaenia canadensis Honewort CRYPCAN S5 FO<br />
Cucurbita sp Gourd <strong>Species</strong> CUCU-SP VI<br />
Cuscuta campestris Prairie Dodder CUSCCAM S2 FO<br />
Cuscuta cephalanthi Button-bush Dodder CUSCCEP S2 FO<br />
Cuscuta coryli Hazel Dodder CUSCCOR S1 FO<br />
Cuscuta gronovii Common Dodder CUSCGRO S5 FO<br />
Cuscuta polygonorum Smartweed Dodder CUSCPOL S1 FO<br />
Cuscuta sp Dodder <strong>Species</strong> CUSC-SP FO<br />
Cycloloma atriplicifolium Winged Pigweed CYCLATR S4 FO<br />
Cymbalaria muralis Kenilworth Ivy CYMBMUR SE1 FO<br />
Cynanchum nigrum Black Swallow-wort CYNANIG SE? VI<br />
Cynanchum rossicum White Swallow-wort CYNAROS SE5 VI<br />
Cynanchum sp Swallow-wort <strong>Species</strong> CYNA-SP VI<br />
Cynoglossum boreale Wild Comfrey CYNOBOR S4 FO<br />
Cynoglossum officinale Common Hound's-tongue CYNOOFF SE5 FO<br />
Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dog's-tail CYNOCRI SE1 GR<br />
Cyperus bipartitus Brook Nut Sedge CYPEBIP S5 SE<br />
Cyperus dentatus Toothed Flat Sedge CYPEDEN S1 SE<br />
Cyperus diandrus Umbrella Flat Sedge CYPEDIA S4 SE<br />
Cyperus erythrorhizos Red-rooted Nut Sedge CYPEERY S4 SE<br />
Cyperus esculentus Field Nut Sedge CYPEESC S5 SE<br />
Cyperus flavescens Yellow Flat Sedge CYPEFLA S2 SE<br />
Cyperus fuscus Brown Flat Sedge CYPEFUS SE2 SE<br />
Cyperus houghtonii Smooth Sand Sedge CYPEHOU S3 SE<br />
Cyperus lupulinus ssp. macilentus Great Plains Flat Sedge CYPELUM S4 SE<br />
Cyperus odoratus False Rusty Nut Sedge CYPEODO S5 SE<br />
Cyperus schweinitzii Rough Sand Sedge CYPESCH S3 SE<br />
Cyperus sp Flat Sedge <strong>Species</strong> CYPE-SP SE<br />
Cyperus squarrosus Bearded Flat Sedge CYPESQU S4 SE<br />
Cyperus strigosus Long-scaled Nut Sedge CYPESTR S5 SE<br />
Cypripedium acaule Pink Moccasin Flower CYPRACA S5 FO<br />
Cypripedium arietinum Ram's-head Lady's Slipper CYPRARI S3 FO<br />
Cypripedium calceolus var. parviflorum Small Yellow Lady's Slipper CYPRCAP S4S5 FO<br />
Cypripedium calceolus var. pubescens Large Yellow Lady's Slipper CYPRCAB S5 FO<br />
13
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Cypripedium candidum Small White Lady's Slipper CYPRCAN S1 FO<br />
Cypripedium reginae Showy Lady's Slipper CYPRREG S4 FO<br />
Cypripedium sp Lady's Slipper <strong>Species</strong> CYPR-SP FO<br />
Cypripedium X andrewsii Andrews' Lady's Slipper CYPRAND SHB1 FO<br />
Cystopteris bulbifera Bulblet Bladder Fern CYSTBUL S5 FE<br />
Cystopteris fragilis Brittle Fern CYSTFRA S5 FE<br />
Cystopteris laurentiana Laurentian Bladder Fern CYSTLAU S3 FE<br />
Cystopteris protrusa <strong>Southern</strong> Bladder Fern CYSTPRO S2 FE<br />
Cystopteris sp Bladder Fern <strong>Species</strong> CYST-SP FE<br />
Cystopteris tenuis Mackay's Brittle Fern CYSTTEN S5 FE<br />
Dactylis glomerata Orchard Grass DACTGLO SE5 GR<br />
Dalea purpurea Purple Prairie Clover DALEPUR S1 FO<br />
Dalibarda repens Dewdrop DALIREP S4S5 FO<br />
Danthonia compressa Flat-stem Oat Grass DANTCOM S4 GR<br />
Danthonia sp Oat Grass <strong>Species</strong> DANT-SP GR<br />
Danthonia spicata Poverty Oat Grass DANTSPI S5 GR<br />
Daphne mezereum Daphne DAPHMEZ SE2 SH<br />
Datura stramonium Jimsonweed DATUSTR SE5 FO<br />
Daucus carota Wild Carrot DAUCCAR SE5 FO<br />
Decodon verticillatus Swamp Loosestrife DECOVER S5 FO<br />
Dennstaedtia punctilobula Hay-scented Fern DENNPUN S5 FE<br />
Deparia acrostichoides Silvery Spleenwort DEPAACR S4 FE<br />
Deschampsia cespitosa ssp. cespitosa Tufted Hairgrass DESCCEC S4S5 GR<br />
Deschampsia cespitosa ssp. parviflora Small-flowered Tufted Hairgrass DESCCEP SE2 GR<br />
Deschampsia flexuosa Common Hairgrass DESCFLE S5 GR<br />
Deschampsia sp Hairgrass <strong>Species</strong> DESC-SP GR<br />
Descurainia pinnata ssp. brachycarpa Pinnate Tansy-mustard DESCPIB S4 FO<br />
Descurainia sophia Flixweed DESCSOP SE5 FO<br />
Desmodium canadense Showy Tick-trefoil DESMCND S4 FO<br />
Desmodium canescens Hoary Tick-trefoil DESMCAN S2 FO<br />
Desmodium cuspidatum var. cuspidatum Large-bracted Tick-trefoil DESMCUC S3 FO<br />
Desmodium glutinosum Pointed-leaved Tick-trefoil DESMGLU S4 FO<br />
Desmodium nudiflorum Naked-flowered Tick-trefoil DESMNUD S4 FO<br />
Desmodium paniculatum var. dillenii Dillen's Tick-trefoil DESMPAD S4 FO<br />
Desmodium paniculatum var. paniculatum Panicled Tick-trefoil DESMPAP S4 FO<br />
Desmodium rotundifolium Round-leaved Tick-trefoil DESMROT S2 FO<br />
Desmodium sp Tick-trefoil <strong>Species</strong> DESM-SP FO<br />
Dianthus armeria Deptford Pink DIANARM SE5 FO<br />
Dianthus barbatus Bearded Pink DIANBAR SE1 FO<br />
Dianthus deltoides Maiden Pink DIANDEL SE2 FO<br />
Dianthus plumarius Cottage Pink DIANPLU SE1 FO<br />
Dianthus sp Pink <strong>Species</strong> DIAN-SP FO<br />
Diarrhena obovata Beak Grass DIAROBO S1 GR<br />
Dicentra canadensis Squirrel-corn DICECAN S5 FO<br />
Dicentra cucullaria Dutchman's-breeches DICECUC S5 FO<br />
Dicentra sp Dicentra <strong>Species</strong> DICE-SP FO<br />
Diervilla lonicera Bush Honeysuckle DIERLON S5 SH<br />
Digitalis grandiflora Yellow Foxglove DIGIGRA SE1 FO<br />
Digitaria cognata var. cognata Fall Witch Grass DIGICOC S1 GR<br />
Digitaria ischaemum Small Crabgrass DIGIISC SE5 GR<br />
Digitaria sanguinalis Large Crabgrass DIGISAN SE5 GR<br />
Digitaria sp Crabgrass <strong>Species</strong> DIGI-SP GR<br />
Dioscorea quaternata Wild Yamroot DIOSQUA S4 VI<br />
Diphasiastrum complanatum Northern Running-pine DIPHCOM S5 FE<br />
Diphasiastrum digitatum <strong>Southern</strong> Running-pine DIPHDIG S5 FE<br />
Diphasiastrum sp Running-pine <strong>Species</strong> DIPH-SP FE<br />
Diphasiastrum tristachyum Ground-cedar DIPHTRI S5 FE<br />
Diphasiastrum X sabinifolium Savin-leaf Club-moss DIPHSAB S3 FE<br />
Diplazium pycnocarpon Narrow-leaved Spleenwort DIPLPYC S4 FE<br />
Diplotaxis muralis Sand Rocket DIPLMUR SE1 FO<br />
Diplotaxis tenuifolia Wall Rocket DIPLTEN SE5 FO<br />
14
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Dipsacus fullonum ssp. sylvestris Common Teasel DIPSFUS SE5 FO<br />
Dipsacus laciniatus Laciniate Teasel DIPSLAC SE1 FO<br />
Dirca palustris Leatherwood DIRCPAL S4? SH<br />
Disporum lanuginosum Yellow Mandarin DISPLAN S4 FO<br />
Draba arabisans Rock-cress Whitlow-grass DRABARA S4 FO<br />
Draba cana Hoary Draba DRABCAN S3 FO<br />
Draba glabella Glaucous Dabra DRABGLA S4S5 FO<br />
Draba nemorosa Wood Whitlow-grass DRABNEM S4? FO<br />
Draba reptans Carolina Whitlow-grass DRABREP S3 FO<br />
Draba sp Whitlow-grass <strong>Species</strong> DRAB-SP FO<br />
Dracocephalum parviflorum Small-flowered Dragonhead DRACPAR S5 FO<br />
Drosera anglica English Sundew DROSANG S5 FO<br />
Drosera intermedia Spatulate-leaved Sendew DROSINT S5 FO<br />
Drosera linearis Linear-leaved Sundew DROSLIN S3 FO<br />
Drosera rotundifolia Round-leaved Sundew DROSROT S5 FO<br />
Drosera sp Sundew <strong>Species</strong> DROS-SP FO<br />
Dryopteris carthusiana Spinulose Wood Fern DRYOCAR S5 FE<br />
Dryopteris clintoniana Clinton's Wood Fern DRYOCLI S4 FE<br />
Dryopteris cristata Crested Wood Fern DRYOCRI S5 FE<br />
Dryopteris filix-mas Male-fern DRYOFIL S4 FE<br />
Dryopteris goldiana Goldie's Wood Fern DRYOGOL S4 FE<br />
Dryopteris intermedia Evergreen Wood Fern DRYOINT S5 FE<br />
Dryopteris marginalis Marginal Wood Fern DRYOMAR S5 FE<br />
Dryopteris sp Wood Fern <strong>Species</strong> DRYO-SP FE<br />
Dryopteris X boottii Glandular Swamp Fern DRYOBOO SHB2 FE<br />
Dryopteris X burgessii Burgess Wood Fern DRYOBUR SHB1 FE<br />
Dryopteris X dowellii Dowell's Wood Fern DRYODOW SHB1 FE<br />
Dryopteris X triploidea Triploid Wood Fern DRYOTRI SHB4 FE<br />
Dryopteris X uliginosa Braun's Wood Fern DRYOULI SHB2? FE<br />
Duchesnea indica Indian Strawberry DUCHIND SE1 FO<br />
Dulichium arundinaceum Three-way Sedge DULIARU S5 SE<br />
Dyssodia papposa Fetid Marigold DYSSPAP SE1 FO<br />
Echinacea pallida Pale Purple Coneflower ECHIPAL S1 FO<br />
Echinacea purpurea Purple Coneflower ECHIPUR SE1 FO<br />
Echinochloa crusgalli Barnyard Grass ECHICRU SE5 GR<br />
Echinochloa microstachya Small-flowered Barnyard Grass ECHIMIC S4S5 GR<br />
Echinochloa muricata Large-flowered Barnyard Grass ECHIMUR S4 GR<br />
Echinochloa sp Barnyard Grass <strong>Species</strong> ECHI-SP GR<br />
Echinochloa walteri Walter's Barnyard Grass ECHIWAL S3 GR<br />
Echinocystis lobata Wild Cucumber ECHILOB S5 VI<br />
Echinops sphaerocephalus Common Globe-thistle ECHISPH SE4 FO<br />
Echium vulgare Viper's Bugloss ECHIVUL SE5 FO<br />
Eclipta prostrata False Daisy ECLIPRO S2 FO<br />
Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian Olive ELAEANG SE3 SH<br />
Elaeagnus umbellata Autumn Olive ELAEUMB SE3 SH<br />
Elatine minima Small Waterwort ELATMIN S4 FO<br />
Elatine triandra Long-stemmed Waterwort ELATTRI S3 FO<br />
Eleocharis acicularis Needle Spike-rush ELEOACI S5 SE<br />
Eleocharis compressa Flat-stem Spike-rush ELEOCOM S4 SE<br />
Eleocharis elliptica Elliptic Spike-rush ELEOELL S5 SE<br />
Eleocharis engelmannii Engelmann's Spike-rush ELEOENG S1 SE<br />
Eleocharis equisetoides Horsetail Spike-rush ELEOEQU S1 SE<br />
Eleocharis erythropoda Red-stemmed Spike-rush ELEOERY S5 SE<br />
Eleocharis geniculata Geniculate Spike-rush ELEOGEN S1 SE<br />
Eleocharis intermedia Matted Spike-rush ELEOINT S4 SE<br />
Eleocharis nitida Quill Spike-rush ELEONIT S2S3 SE<br />
Eleocharis obtusa Blunt Spike-rush ELEOOBT S5 SE<br />
Eleocharis olivacea Bright-green Spike-rush ELEOOLI S4 SE<br />
Eleocharis ovata Ovate Spike-rush ELEOOVA S5 SE<br />
Eleocharis pauciflora Few-flowered Spike-rush ELEOPAU S5 SE<br />
Eleocharis quadrangulata Four-angled Spike-rush ELEOQUA S1 SE<br />
15
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Eleocharis robbinsii Robbins' Spike-rush ELEOROB S4 SE<br />
Eleocharis rostellata Beaked Spike-rush ELEOROS S3 SE<br />
Eleocharis smallii Small's Spike-rush ELEOSMA S5 SE<br />
Eleocharis sp Spike-rush <strong>Species</strong> ELEO-SP SE<br />
Eleusine indica Goose Grass ELEUIND SE3 GR<br />
Ellisia nyctelea Waterpod ELLINYC SE1 FO<br />
Elodea canadensis Canada Waterweed ELODCAN S5 FO<br />
Elodea nuttallii Western Elodea ELODNUT S3 FO<br />
Elodea sp Waterweed <strong>Species</strong> ELOD-SP FO<br />
Elymus canadensis Canada Wild Rye ELYMCAN S4S5 GR<br />
Elymus elongatus ssp. ponticus Elongated Wild Rye ELYMELP SE3 GR<br />
Elymus hystrix Bottlebrush Grass ELYMHYS S5 GR<br />
Elymus lanceolatus ssp. psammophilus Great Lakes Wheat Grass ELYMLAP S3 GR<br />
Elymus macgregorii Early Wild Rye ELYMMAC S1S3 GR<br />
Elymus repens Quack Grass ELYMREP SE5 GR<br />
Elymus riparius Riverbank Wild Rye ELYMRIP S4? GR<br />
Elymus smithii Western Wheat Grass ELYMSMI S2 GR<br />
Elymus sp Wild Rye <strong>Species</strong> ELYM-SP GR<br />
Elymus trachycaulus ssp. trachycaulus Slender Wheat Grass ELYMTRT S5? GR<br />
Elymus villosus Downy Wild Rye ELYMVIL S4 GR<br />
Elymus virginicus var. submuticus Awnless Wild Rye ELYMVIS S2S3 GR<br />
Elymus virginicus var. virginicus Virginia Wild Rye ELYMVIV S5 GR<br />
Elymus wiegandii Broad-leaved Wild Rye ELYMWIE S4 GR<br />
Enemion biternatum False Rue Anemone ENEMBIT S2 FO<br />
Epifagus virginiana Beechdrops EPIFVIR S5 FO<br />
Epigaea repens Trailing Arbutus EPIGREP S5 SH<br />
Epilobium angustifolium Fireweed EPILANG S5 FO<br />
Epilobium ciliatum ssp. ciliatum American Willow-herb EPILCIC S5 FO<br />
Epilobium ciliatum ssp. glandulosum Northern Willow-herb EPILCIG SU FO<br />
Epilobium coloratum Purple-leaved Willow-herb EPILCOL S5 FO<br />
Epilobium hirsutum Hairy Willow-herb EPILHIR SE5 FO<br />
Epilobium leptophyllum Narrow-leaved Willow-herb EPILLEP S5 FO<br />
Epilobium palustre Marsh Willow-herb EPILPAL S5 FO<br />
Epilobium parviflorum Small-flowered Willow-herb EPILPAR SE4 FO<br />
Epilobium sp Willow-herb <strong>Species</strong> EPIL-SP FO<br />
Epilobium strictum Downy Willow-herb EPILSTR S5 FO<br />
Epipactis helleborine Helleborine EPIPHEL SE5 FO<br />
Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail EQUIARV S5 FE<br />
Equisetum fluviatile Water Horsetail EQUIFLU S5 FE<br />
Equisetum hyemale ssp. affine Scouring Rush EQUIHYA S5 FE<br />
Equisetum laevigatum Smooth Scouring Rush EQUILAE S4 FE<br />
Equisetum palustre Marsh Horsetail EQUIPAL S5 FE<br />
Equisetum pratense Meadow Horsetail EQUIPRA S5 FE<br />
Equisetum scirpoides Dwarf Scouring Rush EQUISCI S5 FE<br />
Equisetum sp Horsetail <strong>Species</strong> EQUI-SP FE<br />
Equisetum sylvaticum Woodland Horsetail EQUISYL S5 FE<br />
Equisetum variegatum ssp. variegatum Variegated Horsetail EQUIVAV S5 FE<br />
Equisetum X ferrissii Joilet Horsetail EQUEFER SHB3 FE<br />
Equisetum X litorale Shore Horsetail EQUILIT SHB2? FE<br />
Equisetum X mackaii Mack's Horsetail EQUIMAC SHB3 FE<br />
Equisetum X nelsonii Nelson's Horsetail EQUINEL SHB2? FE<br />
Eragrostis capillaris Lace-grass ERAGCAP SH GR<br />
Eragrostis cilianensis Stink Grass ERAGCIL SE5 GR<br />
Eragrostis frankii Sandbar Love Grass ERAGFRA S4 GR<br />
Eragrostis hypnoides Creeping Love Grass ERAGHYP S4 GR<br />
Eragrostis minor Little Love Grass ERAGMIN SE5 GR<br />
Eragrostis pectinacea var. pectinacea Small Love Grass ERAGPEP S5 GR<br />
Eragrostis pilosa Indian Love Grass ERAGPIL SE1 GR<br />
Eragrostis sp Love Grass <strong>Species</strong> ERAG-SP GR<br />
Eragrostis spectabilis Purple Love Grass ERAGSPE S4 GR<br />
Erechtites hieracifolia Pilewort ERECHIE S5 FO<br />
16
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Erigenia bulbosa Harbinger-of-spring ERIGBUL S3? FO<br />
Erigeron annuus Daisy Fleabane ERIGANN S5 FO<br />
Erigeron hyssopifolius Hyssop-leaved Fleabane ERIGHYS S5 FO<br />
Erigeron philadelphicus ssp. philadelphicus Philadelphia Fleabane ERIGPHP S5 FO<br />
Erigeron pulchellus Robin's <strong>Plant</strong>ain ERIGPUL S5 FO<br />
Erigeron sp Fleabane <strong>Species</strong> ERIG-SP FO<br />
Erigeron strigosus Lesser Daisy Fleabane ERIGSTR S5 FO<br />
Eriocaulon aquaticum Pipewort ERIOAQU S5 FO<br />
Eriophorum gracile Slender Cottongrass ERIOGRA S5 SE<br />
Eriophorum sp Cottongrass <strong>Species</strong> ERIO-SP SE<br />
Eriophorum vaginatum ssp. spissum Sheathed Cottongrass ERIOVAS S5 SE<br />
Eriophorum virginicum Virginia Cottongrass ERIOVIR S5 SE<br />
Eriophorum viridi-carinatum Thin-leaved Cottongrass ERIOVRC S5 SE<br />
Erodium cicutarium Redstem Filaree ERODCIC SE3 FO<br />
Erophila verna Spring Whitlow-grass EROPVER SE4 FO<br />
Eruca vesicaria Purple-vein Rocket ERUCVES SE1 FO<br />
Erucastrum gallicum French Rocket ERUCGAL SE5 FO<br />
Eryngium planum Flat Rattlesnake-master ERYNPLA SE1 FO<br />
Erysimum cheiranthoides ssp. cheiranthoides Wormseed Mustard ERYSCHC SE5 FO<br />
Erysimum hieraciifolium Hawkweed-leaved Mustard ERYSHIE SE5 FO<br />
Erysimum inconspicuum Small-flowered Prairie-rocket ERYSINC S4 FO<br />
Erysimum repandum Spreading Wallflower ERYSREP SE2 FO<br />
Erysimum sp Erysimum <strong>Species</strong> ERYS-SP FO<br />
Erythronium albidum White Trout Lily ERYTALB S4 FO<br />
Erythronium americanum ssp. americanum Yellow Trout Lily ERYTAMA S5 FO<br />
Erythronium sp Trout Lily <strong>Species</strong> ERYT-SP FO<br />
Euonymus alata Winged Euonymus EUONALA SE2 SH<br />
Euonymus atropurpurea var. atropurpurea Burning Bush EUONATA S3 SH<br />
Euonymus europaea European Euonymus EUONEUR SE2 SH<br />
Euonymus fortunei Winter Creeper EUONFOR SE1 SH<br />
Euonymus obovata Running Strawberry-bush EUONOBO S5 SH<br />
Euonymus sp Euonymus <strong>Species</strong> EUON-SP SH<br />
Eupatorium altissimum Tall Boneset EUPAALT S1 FO<br />
Eupatorium coelestinum Mistflower EUPACOE SE1 FO<br />
Eupatorium maculatum ssp. maculatum Spotted Joe-pye-weed EUPAMAM S5 FO<br />
Eupatorium perfoliatum Common Boneset EUPAPER S5 FO<br />
Eupatorium purpureum var. purpureum Purple Joe-pye-weed EUPAPUP S4 FO<br />
Eupatorium rugosum White Snakeroot EUPARUG S5 FO<br />
Eupatorium serotinum Late-flowering Joe-pye-weed EUPASER SE1 FO<br />
Eupatorium sp Joe-pye-weed <strong>Species</strong> EUPA-SP FO<br />
Euphorbia commutata Wood Spurge EUPHCOM S1 FO<br />
Euphorbia corollata Blooming Spurge EUPHCOR S4 FO<br />
Euphorbia cyparissias Cypress Spurge EUPHCYP SE5 FO<br />
Euphorbia dentata Toothed Spurge EUPHDEN SE4 FO<br />
Euphorbia esula Hungarian Spurge EUPHESU SE5 FO<br />
Euphorbia exigua Dwarf Spurge EUPHEXI SE1 FO<br />
Euphorbia helioscopia Sun Spurge EUPHHEL SE3 FO<br />
Euphorbia lathyris Caper Spurge EUPHLAT SE1 FO<br />
Euphorbia lucida Shiny Spurge EUPHLUC SE1 FO<br />
Euphorbia marginata Ghostweed EUPHMAR SE2 FO<br />
Euphorbia obtusata Blunt Spurge EUPHOBT S1 FO<br />
Euphorbia peplus Petty Spurge EUPHPEP SE4 FO<br />
Euphorbia platyphyllos Broad-leaved Spurge EUPHPLA SE4 FO<br />
Euphorbia sp Spurge <strong>Species</strong> EUPH-SP FO<br />
Euphrasia stricta European Eyebright EUPHSTR SE4? FO<br />
Euthamia caroliniana Coastal Plain Goldentop EUTHCAR S1 FO<br />
Euthamia graminifolia Common Goldentop EUTHGRA S5 FO<br />
Euthamia gymnospermoides Viscid Grass-leaved Goldenrod EUTHGYM S1 FO<br />
Fagopyrum esculentum Buckwheat FAGOESC SE3 FO<br />
Fagus grandifolia American Beech FAGUGRA S4 TR<br />
Fern sp Fern <strong>Species</strong> FERN-SP FE<br />
17
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Festuca arundinacea Tall Fescue FESTARU SE5 GR<br />
Festuca filiformis Hair Fescue FESTFIL SE2 GR<br />
Festuca occidentalis Western Fescue FESTOCC S4? GR<br />
Festuca pratensis Meadow Fescue FESTPRA SE5 GR<br />
Festuca rubra Red Fescue FESTRUB S5 GR<br />
Festuca saximontana Rocky Mountain Fescue FESTSAX S4 GR<br />
Festuca sp Fescue <strong>Species</strong> FEST-SP GR<br />
Festuca subverticillata Nodding Fescue FESTSUB S4 GR<br />
Festuca trachyphylla Hard Fescue FESTTRA SE4 GR<br />
Fimbristylis autumnalis Low Fimbristylis FIMBAUT S4 SE<br />
Fimbristylis puberula var. puberula Hairy Fimbristylis FIMBPUP S1 SE<br />
Floerkea proserpinacoides False Mermaid FLOEPRO S4 FO<br />
Foeniculum vulgare Fennel FOENVUL SE3? FO<br />
Forb sp Forb <strong>Species</strong> FORB-SP FO<br />
Forsythia viridissima Forsythia FORSVIR SE2 SH<br />
Fragaria sp Strawberry <strong>Species</strong> FRAG-SP FO<br />
Fragaria vesca ssp. americana Woodland Strawberry FRAGVEA S5 FO<br />
Fragaria virginiana ssp. virginiana Common Strawberry FRAGVIV S5 FO<br />
Frasera caroliniensis American Columbo FRASCAR S2 FO<br />
Fraxinus americana White Ash FRAXAME S5 TR<br />
Fraxinus excelsior European Ash FRAXEXC SE2 TR<br />
Fraxinus nigra Black Ash FRAXNIG S5 TR<br />
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Red Ash FRAXPEN S5 TR<br />
Fraxinus profunda Pumpkin Ash FRAXPRO S2? TR<br />
Fraxinus quadrangulata Blue Ash FRAXQUA S3 TR<br />
Fraxinus sp Ash <strong>Species</strong> FRAX-SP TR<br />
Froelichia gracilis Slender Froelichia FROEGRA SE1 FO<br />
Fumaria officinalis Fumitory FUMAOFF SE3 FO<br />
Gaillardia aristata Blanket-flower GAILARI SE1 FO<br />
Gaillardia pulchella Showy Gaillardia GAILPUL SE1 FO<br />
Galearis spectabilis Showy Orchis GALISPC S4 FO<br />
Galeopsis sp Hempnettle <strong>Species</strong> GALE-SP FO<br />
Galeopsis speciosa Large-flowered Hempnettle GALESPE SE1 FO<br />
Galeopsis tetrahit Ironwort GALETET SE5 FO<br />
Galinsoga parviflora Potato-weed GALIPAR SE FO<br />
Galinsoga quadriradiata Quick Weed GALIQUA SE5 FO<br />
Galium aparine Cleavers GALIAPA S5 FO<br />
Galium asprellum Rough Bedstraw GALIASP S5 FO<br />
Galium boreale Northern Bedstraw GALIBOR S5 FO<br />
Galium brevipes Short-stalked Bedstraw GALIBRE S2S3 FO<br />
Galium circaezans White Wild Licorice GALICIR S5 FO<br />
Galium concinnum Shining Bedstraw GALICON S1 FO<br />
Galium labradoricum Labrador Marsh Bedstraw GALILAB S5 FO<br />
Galium lanceolatum Spear Wild Licorice GALILAN S5 FO<br />
Galium mollugo Smooth Bedstraw GALIMOL SE5 FO<br />
Galium obtusum Blunt-leaved Bedstraw GALIOBT S4S5 FO<br />
Galium palustre Marsh Bedstraw GALIPAL S5 FO<br />
Galium pilosum var. pilosum Hairy Bedstraw GALIPIP S3 FO<br />
Galium sp Bedstraw <strong>Species</strong> GALI-SP FO<br />
Galium tinctorium Stiff Marsh Bedstraw GALITIN S5 FO<br />
Galium trifidum ssp. trifidum Small Bedstraw GALITRT S5 FO<br />
Galium triflorum Fragrant Bedstraw GALITRI S5 FO<br />
Galium verum Yellow Bedstraw GALIVER SE4 FO<br />
Gaultheria hispidula Creeping Snowberry GAULHIS S5 SH<br />
Gaultheria procumbens Wintergreen GAULPRO S5 SH<br />
Gaultheria sp Gaultheria <strong>Species</strong> GAUL-SP SH<br />
Gaura biennis Biennial Gaura GAURBIE S3 FO<br />
Gaura coccinea Scarlet Gaura GAURCOC SE1 FO<br />
Gaura longiflora Common Gaura GAURLON SE1 FO<br />
Gaylussacia baccata Black Huckleberry GAYLBAC S4 SH<br />
Gentiana andrewsii Closed Gentian GENTAND S4 FO<br />
18
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Gentiana flavida Yellowish Gentian GENTFLA S1 FO<br />
Gentiana linearis Narrow-leaved Gentian GENTLIN S4 FO<br />
Gentiana rubricaulis Purple-stem Gentian GENTRUB S4 FO<br />
Gentiana sp Gentian <strong>Species</strong> GENT-SP FO<br />
Gentianella quinquefolia ssp. occidentalis Stiff Gentian GENTQUO S2 FO<br />
Gentianopsis crinita Fringed Gentian GENTCRI S5 FO<br />
Gentianopsis virgata Small Fringed Gentian GENTVIR S4 FO<br />
Geocaulon lividum Northern Commandra GEOCLIV S5 FO<br />
Geranium bicknellii Bicknell's Geranium GERABIC S4 FO<br />
Geranium carolinianum var. confertiflorum Carolina Crane's-bill GERACAC S4 FO<br />
Geranium columbinum Long-stalked Crane's-bill GERACOL SE1 FO<br />
Geranium maculatum Spotted Crane's-bill GERAMAC S5 FO<br />
Geranium molle Dove's-foot Crane's-bill GERAMOL SE1 FO<br />
Geranium pusillum Small-flowered Crane's-bill GERAPUS SE4 FO<br />
Geranium pyrenaicum Hedgerow Crane's-bill GERAPYR SE1 FO<br />
Geranium robertianum Herb Robert GERAROB SE5 FO<br />
Geranium sanguineum Bloody Crane's-bill GERASAN SE1 FO<br />
Geranium sp Crane's-bill <strong>Species</strong> GERA-SP FO<br />
Geum aleppicum Yellow Avens GEUMALE S5 FO<br />
Geum canadense White Avens GEUMCAN S5 FO<br />
Geum laciniatum Rough Avens GEUMLAC S4 FO<br />
Geum rivale Water Avens GEUMRIV S5 FO<br />
Geum sp Avens <strong>Species</strong> GEUM-SP FO<br />
Geum triflorum Prairie Smoke GEUMTRI S4 FO<br />
Geum urbanum Wood Avens GEUMURB SE2 FO<br />
Geum vernum Spring Avens GEUMVER S4 FO<br />
Geum virginianum Pale Avens GEUMVIR S1 FO<br />
Glechoma hederacea Ground Ivy GLECHED SE5 FO<br />
Gleditsia triacanthos Honey Locust GLEDTRI S2 TR<br />
Glyceria borealis Northern Glyceria GLYCBOR S5 GR<br />
Glyceria canadensis Rattlesnake Glyceria GLYCCAN S4S5 GR<br />
Glyceria grandis American Glyceria GLYCGRA S4S5 GR<br />
Glyceria maxima Tall Glyceria GLYCMAI SE4 GR<br />
Glyceria septentrionalis Eastern Glyceria GLYCSEP S4 GR<br />
Glyceria sp Glyceria <strong>Species</strong> GLYC-SP GR<br />
Glyceria striata Fowl Glyceria GLYCSTR S4S5 GR<br />
Glycine max Soybean GLYCMAX SE2 FO<br />
Glycyrrhiza lepidota Wild Licorice GLYCLEP S3 FO<br />
Gnaphalium macounii Northern Cudweed GNAPMAC S5 FO<br />
Gnaphalium obtusifolium Fragrant Cudweed GNAPOBT S5 FO<br />
Gnaphalium uliginosum Marsh Cudweed GNAPULI SE5 FO<br />
Goodyera oblongifolia Menzies Rattlesnake <strong>Plant</strong>ain GOODOBL S4 FO<br />
Goodyera pubescens Downy Rattlesnake <strong>Plant</strong>ain GOODPUB S4 FO<br />
Goodyera repens Dwarf Rattlesnake <strong>Plant</strong>ain GOODREP S5 FO<br />
Goodyera sp Rattlesnake <strong>Plant</strong>ain <strong>Species</strong> GOOD-SP FO<br />
Goodyera tesselata Checkered Rattlesnake <strong>Plant</strong>ain GOODTES S4S5 FO<br />
Grass sp Grass <strong>Species</strong> GRAS-SP GR<br />
Gratiola aurea Golden Hedge-hyssop GRATAUR S4? FO<br />
Gratiola neglecta Clammy Hedge-hyssop GRATNEG S4 FO<br />
Gratiola quartermaniae Limestone Hedge-hyssop GRATQUA S2 FO<br />
Grindelia squarrosa Curly Cup Gumweed GRINSQU SE3 FO<br />
Gymnocarpium dryopteris Common Oak Fern GYMNDRD S5 FE<br />
Gymnocarpium robertianum Limestone Oak Fern GYMNROB S2 FE<br />
Gymnocladus dioicus Kentucky Coffee-tree GYMNDIO S2 TR<br />
Gypsophila elegans Annual Baby's-breath GYPSELE SE1 FO<br />
Gypsophila muralis Low Baby's-breath GYPSMUR SE1 FO<br />
Gypsophila paniculata Tall Baby's-breath GYPSPAN SE3 FO<br />
Hackelia deflexa Spurred Stickseed HACKDEF S5 FO<br />
Hackelia virginiana Virginia Stickseed HACKVIR S5 FO<br />
Halenia deflexa ssp. deflexa Spurred Gentian HALEDED S5 FO<br />
Hamamelis virginiana Witch-hazel HAMAVIR S5 SH<br />
19
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Hedeoma hispidum Rough Pennyroyal HEDEHIS S4 FO<br />
Hedeoma pulegioides American Pennyroyal HEDEPUL S4 FO<br />
Hedyotis caerulea Bluets HEDYCAE SH FO<br />
Hedyotis longifolia Long-leaved Bluets HEDYLON S4? FO<br />
Helenium autumnale Sneezeweed HELEAUT S5 FO<br />
Helenium flexuosum Purple-headed Sneezeweed HELEFLE SE2? FO<br />
Helianthemum bicknellii Bicknell's Frostweed HELIBIC S4 FO<br />
Helianthemum canadense Frost-wort HELICAN S3 FO<br />
Helianthus annuus ssp. annuus Common Sunflower HELIANA SE FO<br />
Helianthus decapetalus Thin-leaved Sunflower HELIDEC S5 FO<br />
Helianthus divaricatus Rough Woodland Sunflower HELIDIV S5 FO<br />
Helianthus giganteus Tall Wild Sunflower HELIGIG S5 FO<br />
Helianthus grosseserratus Saw-toothed Sunflower HELIGRO SE1? FO<br />
Helianthus hirsutus Stiff-haired Sunflower HELIHIR SE FO<br />
Helianthus mollis Hairy Sunflower HELIMOL SE1 FO<br />
Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. pauciflorus Stiff Sunflower HELIPAP SE FO<br />
Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. subrhomboideus Prairie Sunflower HELIPAS S2S3 FO<br />
Helianthus petiolaris ssp. petiolaris Plains Sunflower HELIPEP SE1 FO<br />
Helianthus sp Sunflower <strong>Species</strong> HELI-SP FO<br />
Helianthus strumosus Pale-leaved Wood Sunflower HELISTR S5 FO<br />
Helianthus tuberosus Jerusalem Artichoke HELITUB S5 FO<br />
Heliopsis helianthoides Sweet Ox-eye HELIHEL S5 FO<br />
Hemerocallis fulva Tawny Day-lily HEMEFUL SE5 FO<br />
Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus Yellow Day-lily HEMELIL SE4 FO<br />
Heracleum lanatum Cow-parsnip HERALAN S5 FO<br />
Herniaria glabra Smooth Rupturewort HERNGLA SE1 FO<br />
Hesperis matronalis Dame's Rocket HESPMAT SE5 FO<br />
Heteranthera dubia Water Star-grass HETEDUB S5 FO<br />
Heuchera americana var. americana Rock-geranium HEUCAMA S2 FO<br />
Hibiscus moscheutos ssp. moscheutos Swamp Rose-mallow HIBIMOM S3 FO<br />
Hibiscus trionum Flower-of-an-hour HIBITRI SE4 FO<br />
Hieracium aurantiacum Orange Hawkweed HIERAUR SE5 FO<br />
Hieracium caespitosum ssp. caespitosum Field Hawkweed HIERCAC SE5 FO<br />
Hieracium gronovii Hairy Hawkweed HIERGRO S3? FO<br />
Hieracium kalmii Kalm's Hawkweed HIERKAL SU FO<br />
Hieracium lachenalii Showy Hawkweed HIERLAC SE2? FO<br />
Hieracium murorum Golden Lungwort HIERMUR SE1 FO<br />
Hieracium paniculatum Panicled Hawkweed HIERPAN S2? FO<br />
Hieracium pilosella Mouse-ear Hawkweed HIERPLO SE5 FO<br />
Hieracium piloselloides Glaucous King Devil HIERPIL SE5 FO<br />
Hieracium scabriusculum Northern Hawkweed HIERSCA SE FO<br />
Hieracium scabrum Rough Hawkweed HIERSCB S4 FO<br />
Hieracium sp Hawkweed <strong>Species</strong> HIER-SP FO<br />
Hieracium umbellatum Narrow-leaved Hawkweed HIERUMB SE FO<br />
Hieracium venosum Rattlesnake Weed HIERVEN S2 FO<br />
Hieracium X floribundum King Devil Hawkweed HIERFLO SHBE5 FO<br />
Hierochloe odorata Sweet Grass HIERODO S4 GR<br />
Hippuris vulgaris Mare's-tail HIPPVUL S5 FO<br />
Holcus lanatus Velvet Grass HOLCLAN SE2 GR<br />
Holosteum umbellatum Umbelled Jagged Chickweed HOLOUMB SE2 FO<br />
Hordeum jubatum ssp. jubatum Squirrel-tail Grass HORDJUJ SE5 GR<br />
Hordeum vulgare Barley HORDVUL SE2 GR<br />
Hudsonia tomentosa Sand Heather HUDSTOM S3 SH<br />
Humulus japonicus Japanese Hop HUMUJAP SE3 VI<br />
Humulus lupulus var. lupulus European Common Hop HUMULUL S4 VI<br />
Huperzia lucidula Shining Clubmoss HUPELUC S5 FE<br />
Hybanthus concolor Green Violet HYBACON S2 FO<br />
Hydrastis canadensis Golden Seal HYDRCAN S2 FO<br />
Hydrocharis morsus-ranae European Frog-bit HYDRMOR SE5 FO<br />
Hydrocotyle americana Marsh Pennywort HYDRAME S5 FO<br />
Hydrophyllum appendiculatum Appendaged Water-leaf HYDRAPP S2 FO<br />
20
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Hydrophyllum canadense Canada Waterleaf HYDRCND S4 FO<br />
Hydrophyllum sp Water-leaf <strong>Species</strong> HYDR-SP FO<br />
Hydrophyllum virginianum Virginia Water-leaf HYDRVIR S5 FO<br />
Hymenoxys herbacea Lakeside Daisy HYMEHER S3 FO<br />
Hyoscyamus niger Hog's-bean HYOSNIG SE1 FO<br />
Hypericum ascyron Great St. John's-wort HYPEASC S3? FO<br />
Hypericum canadense Canadian St. John's-wort HYPECAN S4? FO<br />
Hypericum ellipticum Pale St. John's-wort HYPEELL S5 FO<br />
Hypericum gentianoides False St. John's-wort HYPEGEN S1 FO<br />
Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's-wort HYPEKAL S4 SH<br />
Hypericum majus Larger Canadian St. John's-wort HYPEMAJ S5 FO<br />
Hypericum mutilum ssp. boreale Northern St. John's-wort HYPEMUB S5 FO<br />
Hypericum mutilum ssp. mutilum Dwarf St. John's-wort HYPEMUM S5 FO<br />
Hypericum perforatum Common St. John's-wort HYPEPER SE5 FO<br />
Hypericum prolificum Shrubby St. John's-wort HYPEPRO S2 SH<br />
Hypericum punctatum Spotted St. John's-wort HYPEPUN S5 FO<br />
Hypericum sp St. John's-wort <strong>Species</strong> HYPE-SP FO<br />
Hypericum sphaerocarpum Round-fruited St. John's-wort HYPESPH S1 FO<br />
Hypoxis hirsuta Yellow Star-grass HYPOHIR S3 FO<br />
Hyssopus officinalis Hyssop HYSSOFF SE2 FO<br />
Iberis umbellata Globe Candytuft IBERUMB SE1 FO<br />
Ilex verticillata Winterberry ILEXVER S5 SH<br />
Impatiens capensis Spotted Jewel-weed IMPACAP S5 FO<br />
Impatiens glandulifera Pink Jewel-weed IMPAGLA SE4 FO<br />
Impatiens pallida Pale Jewel-weed IMPAPAL S5 FO<br />
Impatiens sp Jewel-weed <strong>Species</strong> IMPA-SP FO<br />
Inula helenium Elecampane INULHEL SE5 FO<br />
Ipomoea hederacea Ivy-leaved Morning-glory IPOMHED SE1 VI<br />
Ipomoea pandurata Wild Potato-vine IPOMPAN S1 VI<br />
Ipomoea purpurea Tall Morning-glory IPOMPUR SE2 VI<br />
Ipomopsis rubra Standing Cypress IPOMRUB SE1 FO<br />
Iris brevicaulis Leafy Blue-flag IRISBRE S1 FO<br />
Iris germanica German Iris IRISGER SE1 FO<br />
Iris lacustris Dwarf Lake Iris IRISLAC S3 FO<br />
Iris pseudacorus Yellow Iris IRISPSE SE3 FO<br />
Iris sp Iris <strong>Species</strong> IRIS-SP FO<br />
Iris versicolor Northern Blue-flag IRISVER S5 FO<br />
Iris virginica <strong>Southern</strong> Blue-flag IRISVIR S5 FO<br />
Isoetes echinospora Spiny-spored Quillwort ISOEECH S5 FE<br />
Isoetes engelmannii Engelmann's Quillwort ISOEENG S1 FE<br />
Isoetes lacustris Lake Quillwort ISOELAC S4 FE<br />
Isoetes riparia Riverbank Quillwort ISOERIP S3 FE<br />
Isoetes sp Quillwort <strong>Species</strong> ISOE-SP FE<br />
Isoetes tuckermanii Tuckerman's Quillwort ISOETUC S1 FE<br />
Isotria medeoloides Small Whorled Pogonia ISOTMED S1 FO<br />
Isotria sp Whorled Pogonia <strong>Species</strong> ISOT-SP FO<br />
Isotria verticillata Large Whorled Pogonia ISOTVER S1 FO<br />
Iva xanthifolia False Ragweed IVA-XAN SE1 FO<br />
Jeffersonia diphylla Twinleaf JEFFDIP S4 FO<br />
Juglans cinerea Butternut JUGLCIN S3? TR<br />
Juglans nigra Black Walnut JUGLNIG S4 TR<br />
Juglans regia Persian Walnut JUGLREG SE1 TR<br />
Juglans sp Walnut <strong>Species</strong> JUGL-SP TR<br />
Juncus acuminatus Sharp-fruited Rush JUNCACU S3 RU<br />
Juncus alpinoarticulatus Alpine Rush JUNCALP S5 RU<br />
Juncus articulatus Jointed Rush JUNCART S5 RU<br />
Juncus balticus Wire Rush JUNCBAL S5 RU<br />
Juncus biflorus Two-flowered Rush JUNCBIF S1 RU<br />
Juncus brachycarpus Short-fruited Rush JUNCBRA S1 RU<br />
Juncus brachycephalus Small-headed Rush JUNCBCE S4S5 RU<br />
Juncus brevicaudatus Short-tailed Rush JUNCBRE S5 RU<br />
21
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Juncus bufonius Toad Rush JUNCBUF S5 RU<br />
Juncus canadensis Canada Rush JUNCCAN S5 RU<br />
Juncus compressus Flat-stem Rush JUNCCOM SE5 RU<br />
Juncus dudleyi Dudley's Rush JUNCDUD S5 RU<br />
Juncus effusus ssp. solutus Soft Rush JUNCEFS S5 RU<br />
Juncus filiformis Filiform Rush JUNCFIL S4S5 RU<br />
Juncus gerardii Blackgrass Rush JUNCGER SE3 RU<br />
Juncus greenei Green's Rush JUNCGRE S3 RU<br />
Juncus inflexus Hard Rush JUNCINF SE1 RU<br />
Juncus longistylis Long-styled Rush JUNCLON S3 RU<br />
Juncus marginatus Grass-leaved Rush JUNCMAR S3 RU<br />
Juncus militaris Bayonet Rush JUNCMIL S4 RU<br />
Juncus nodosus Knotted Rush JUNCNOD S5 RU<br />
Juncus pelocarpus Brown-fruited Rush JUNCPEL S5 RU<br />
Juncus pylaei Rush JUNCPYL S5? RU<br />
Juncus secundus Secund Rush JUNCSEC S3 RU<br />
Juncus sp Rush <strong>Species</strong> JUNC-SP RU<br />
Juncus subtilis Creeping Rush JUNCSUB S3 RU<br />
Juncus tenuis Path Rush JUNCTEN S5 RU<br />
Juncus torreyi Torrey's Rush JUNCTOR S5 RU<br />
Juncus vaseyi Vasey's Rush JUNCVAS S3 RU<br />
Juniperus communis Common Juniper JUNICOM S5 SH<br />
Juniperus horizontalis Creeping Juniper JUNIHOR S5 SH<br />
Juniperus sp Juniper <strong>Species</strong> JUNI-SP SH<br />
Juniperus virginiana Eastern Red Cedar JUNIVIR S5 TR<br />
Justicia americana Water Willow JUSTAME S1 FO<br />
Kalmia angustifolia Sheep Laurel KALMANG S5 SH<br />
Kalmia polifolia Bog Laurel KALMPOL S5 SH<br />
Kalmia sp Laurel <strong>Species</strong> KALM-SP SH<br />
Knautia arvensis Bluebuttons KNAUARV SE1 FO<br />
Kochia scoparia Summer Cypress KOCHSCO SE5 FO<br />
Koeleria macrantha Junegrass KOELMAC S4 GR<br />
Krigia biflora var. biflora Two-flowered Cynthia KRIGBIB S2 FO<br />
Krigia virginica Dwarf Dandelion KRIGVIR S1 FO<br />
Lactuca biennis Tall Blue Lettuce LACTBIE S5 FO<br />
Lactuca canadensis Tall Lettuce LACTCAN S5 FO<br />
Lactuca floridana var. floridana False Lettuce LACTFLF S2 FO<br />
Lactuca hirsuta Hairy Wood Lettuce LACTHIR S4? FO<br />
Lactuca saligna Willow-leaved Lettuce LACTSAL SE1 FO<br />
Lactuca sativa Garden Lettuce LACTSAT SE1 FO<br />
Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce LACTSER SE5 FO<br />
Lactuca sp Lettuce <strong>Species</strong> LACT-SP FO<br />
Lamium album White Dead-nettle LAMIALB SE1 FO<br />
Lamium amplexicaule Henbit Dead-nettle LAMIAMP SE3 FO<br />
Lamium purpureum Purple Dead-nettle LAMIPUR SE3 FO<br />
Laportea canadensis Wood Nettle LAPOCAN S5 FO<br />
Lappula squarrosa ssp. squarrosa Two-row Stickweed LAPPSQS SE5 FO<br />
Lapsana communis Nipplewort LAPSCOM SE5 FO<br />
Larix decidua European Larch LARIDEC SE2 TR<br />
Larix laricina Tamarack LARILAR S5 TR<br />
Larix sp Larch <strong>Species</strong> LARI-SP TR<br />
Lathyrus japonicus Beach Pea LATHJAP S4 VI<br />
Lathyrus latifolius Everlasting Pea LATHLAT SE4 VI<br />
Lathyrus ochroleucus Pale Vetchling LATHOCH S4 VI<br />
Lathyrus odoratus Sweet Pea LATHODO SE1 VI<br />
Lathyrus palustris Marsh Vetchling LATHPAL S5 VI<br />
Lathyrus pratensis Yellow Vetchling LATHPRA SE2 VI<br />
Lathyrus sp Vetchling <strong>Species</strong> LATH-SP VI<br />
Lathyrus sylvestris Wood Pea LATHSYL SE3 VI<br />
Lathyrus tuberosus Tuberous Vetchling LATHTUB SE3 VI<br />
Lathyrus venosus Veiny Pea LATHVEN S4 VI<br />
22
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Lechea intermedia Savanna Pinweed LECHINT S4 FO<br />
Lechea pulchella var. pulchella Pretty Pinweed LECHPUP S1 FO<br />
Lechea sp Pinweed <strong>Species</strong> LECH-SP FO<br />
Lechea villosa Hairy Pinweed LECHVIL S3 FO<br />
Ledum groenlandicum Labrador Tea LEDUGRO S5 SH<br />
Leersia oryzoides Rice Cut Grass LEERORY S5 GR<br />
Leersia sp Cut Grass <strong>Species</strong> LEER-SP GR<br />
Leersia virginica White Grass LEERVIR S4 GR<br />
Lemna minor Lesser Duckweed LEMNMIN S5 FO<br />
Lemna sp Duckweed <strong>Species</strong> LEMN-SP FO<br />
Lemna trisulca Star Duckweed LEMNTRI S5 FO<br />
Leontodon autumnalis ssp. autumnalis Fall Hawkbit LEONAUA SE5 FO<br />
Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Rough Hawkbit LEONTAT SE1 FO<br />
Leonurus cardiaca ssp. cardiaca Motherwort LEONCAC SE5 FO<br />
Lepidium campestre Field Cress LEPICAM SE5 FO<br />
Lepidium densiflorum Common Pepper-grass LEPIDEN SE5 FO<br />
Lepidium perfoliatum Clasping Pepper-grass LEPIPER SE1 FO<br />
Lepidium ruderale Narrow-leaved Pepper-grass LEPIRUD SE3 FO<br />
Lepidium sativum Garden Cress LEPISAT SE2 FO<br />
Lepidium sp Pepper-grass <strong>Species</strong> LEPI-SP FO<br />
Lepidium virginicum Virginia Pepper-grass LEPIVIR S5 FO<br />
Leptochloa acuminata Sprangletop LEPTACU SE3 GR<br />
Lespedeza capitata Round-headed Bush-clover LESPCAP S4 FO<br />
Lespedeza cuneata Chinese Bush-clover LESPCUN SE1 SH<br />
Lespedeza hirta Hairy Bush-clover LESPHIR S4 FO<br />
Lespedeza intermedia Wand-like Bush-clover LESPINT S4 FO<br />
Lespedeza procumbens Trailing Bush-clover LESPPRO S1 FO<br />
Lespedeza sp Bush-clover <strong>Species</strong> LESP-SP FO<br />
Lespedeza thunbergii Thunberg's Bush-clover LESPTHU SE1 SH<br />
Lespedeza violacea Violet Bush-clover LESPVIO S1 FO<br />
Lespedeza virginica Slender Bush-clover LESPVIR S1 FO<br />
Leucophysalis grandiflora Large White Ground-cherry LEUCGRA S3 FO<br />
Leucospora multifida Much-cleft Conobea LEUCMUL S2 FO<br />
Levisticum officinale Lovage LEVIOFF SE1 FO<br />
Leymus arenarius Lyme Grass LEYMARE SE1 GR<br />
Liatris aspera var. intermedia Rough Blazing Star LIATASI S2 FO<br />
Liatris cylindracea Cylindric Blazing Star LIATCYL S3 FO<br />
Liatris sp Blazing Star <strong>Species</strong> LIAT-SP FO<br />
Liatris spicata Spiked Blazing Star LIATSPI S3 FO<br />
Lichen sp Lichen <strong>Species</strong> LICH-SP LC<br />
Ligustrum ovalifolium Oval-leaved Privet LIGUOVA SE1 SH<br />
Ligustrum vulgare Common Privet LIGUVUL SE5 SH<br />
Lilium canadense Canada Lily LILICAN S1 FO<br />
Lilium lancifolium Tiger Lily LILILAN SE1 FO<br />
Lilium michiganense Michigan Lily LILIMIC S5 FO<br />
Lilium philadelphicum Wood Lily LILIPHI S5 FO<br />
Lilium sp Lily <strong>Species</strong> LILI-SP FO<br />
Linaria canadensis Blue Toadflax LINACAN S1 FO<br />
Linaria genistifolia ssp. dalmatica Toadflax LINAGED SE3 FO<br />
Linaria sp Toadflax <strong>Species</strong> LINA-SP FO<br />
Linaria vulgaris Butter-and-eggs LINAVUL SE5 FO<br />
Lindera benzoin Spicebush LINDBEN S5 SH<br />
Lindernia dubia var. anagallidea Slender False Pimpernel LINDDUA S1 FO<br />
Lindernia dubia var. dubia False Pimpernel LINDDUD S4 FO<br />
Linnaea borealis ssp. longiflora Twinflower LINNBOL S5 SH<br />
Linum catharticum Dwarf Flax LINUCAT SE2 FO<br />
Linum medium var. medium Stiff Yellow Flax LINUMEM S3? FO<br />
Linum medium var. texanum Small Yellow Flax LINUMET S1 FO<br />
Linum perenne Perennial Blue Flax LINUPER SE3 FO<br />
Linum sp Yellow Flax <strong>Species</strong> LINU-SP FO<br />
Linum striatum Ridged Yellow Flax LINUSTR S1 FO<br />
23
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Linum sulcatum Grooved Yellow Flax LINUSUL S3 FO<br />
Linum usitatissimum Common Flax LINUUSI SE3 FO<br />
Linum virginianum Slender Yellow Flax LINUVIR S2 FO<br />
Liparis liliifolia Lily-leaved Twayblade LIPALIL S2 FO<br />
Liparis loeselii Loesel's Twayblade LIPALOE S4S5 FO<br />
Lipocarpha micrantha Small-flowered Lipocarpha LIPOMIC S2 SE<br />
Liriodendron tulipifera Tulip Tree LIRITUL S4 TR<br />
<strong>List</strong>era auriculata Auricled Twayblade LISTAUR S3 FO<br />
<strong>List</strong>era australis <strong>Southern</strong> Twayblade LISTAUS S2 FO<br />
<strong>List</strong>era convallarioides Broad-lipped Twayblade LISTCON S4 FO<br />
<strong>List</strong>era cordata Heart-leaved Twayblade LISTCOR S5? FO<br />
<strong>List</strong>era sp Twayblade <strong>Species</strong> LIST-SP FO<br />
Lithospermum canescens Hoary Puccoon LITHCAN S3 FO<br />
Lithospermum caroliniense var. croceum Plains Puccoon LITHCAC S3 FO<br />
Lithospermum incisum Fringed Puccoon LITHINC S1 FO<br />
Lithospermum latifolium American Gromwell LITHLAT S3 FO<br />
Lithospermum officinale Common Gromwell LITHOFF SE5 FO<br />
Lithospermum sp Gromwell <strong>Species</strong> LITH-SP FO<br />
Littorella americana American Shore-grass LITTAME S3 FO<br />
Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal Flower LOBECAR S5 FO<br />
Lobelia dortmanna Water Lobelia LOBEDOR S4? FO<br />
Lobelia inflata Indian Tobacco LOBEINF S5 FO<br />
Lobelia kalmii Kalm's Lobelia LOBEKAL S5 FO<br />
Lobelia siphilitica Great Blue Lobelia LOBESIP S5 FO<br />
Lobelia sp Lobelia <strong>Species</strong> LOBE-SP FO<br />
Lobelia spicata Pale-spiked Lobelia LOBESPI S4 FO<br />
Lobularia maritima Sweet Alyssum LOBUMAR SE2 FO<br />
Logfia arvensis Filago LOGFARV SE1 FO<br />
Lolium perenne Perennial Rye Grass LOLIPER SE4 GR<br />
Lolium sp Rye Grass <strong>Species</strong> LOLI-SP GR<br />
Lonicera canadensis Fly Honeysuckle LONICAN S5 SH<br />
Lonicera caprifolium European Honeysuckle LONICAP SE1 VW<br />
Lonicera dioica Glaucous Honeysuckle LONIDIO S5 VW<br />
Lonicera hirsuta Hairy Honeysuckle LONIHIR S5 VW<br />
Lonicera japonica Japanese Honeysuckle LONIJAP SE2 VW<br />
Lonicera maackii Amur Honeysuckle LONIMAA SE2 SH<br />
Lonicera morrowii Morrow's Honeysuckle LONIMOR SE3 SH<br />
Lonicera oblongifolia Swamp Fly Honeysuckle LONIOBL S4S5 SH<br />
Lonicera sp Honeysuckle <strong>Species</strong> LONI-SP SH<br />
Lonicera tatarica Tartarian Honeysuckle LONITAT SE5 SH<br />
Lonicera villosa Mountain Fly Honeysuckle LONIVIL S5 SH<br />
Lonicera X bella Showy Fly Honeysuckle LONIBEL SHBE2 SH<br />
Lonicera xylosteum European Fly Honeysuckle LONIXYL SE2 SH<br />
Lotus corniculatus Bird's-foot Trefoil LOTUCOR SE5 FO<br />
Ludwigia alternifolia Seedbox LUDWALT S1 FO<br />
Ludwigia palustris Marsh Purslane LUDWPAL S5 FO<br />
Ludwigia polycarpa Many-fruited Ludwigia LUDWPOL S2S3 FO<br />
Ludwigia sp Seedbox <strong>Species</strong> LUDW-SP FO<br />
Lunaria annua Annual Honesty LUNAANN SE2 FO<br />
Lupinus perennis ssp. perennis Wild Lupine LUPIPEP S3 FO<br />
Lupinus polyphyllus Many-leaved Lupine LUPIPOL SE4 FO<br />
Luzula acuminata Hairy Woodrush LUZUACU S5 RU<br />
Luzula echinata Hedgehog Woodrush LUZUECH S1 RU<br />
Luzula multiflora ssp. multiflora Common Woodrush LUZUMUM S5 RU<br />
Luzula sp Woodrush <strong>Species</strong> LUZU-SP RU<br />
Lychnis chalcedonica Scarlet Cockle LYCHCHA SE1 FO<br />
Lychnis coronaria Mullein Pink LYCHCOR SE3 FO<br />
Lycopodiella inundata Northern Bog Clubmoss LYCOIND S5 FE<br />
Lycopodium annotinum Bristly Clubmoss LYCOANN S5 FE<br />
Lycopodium clavatum Common Clubmoss LYCOCLA S5 FE<br />
Lycopodium dendroideum Prickly Tree Clubmoss LYCODEN S5 FE<br />
24
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Lycopodium hickeyi Hickey's Tree Clubmoss LYCOHIC S4 FE<br />
Lycopodium lagopus One-cone Clubmoss LYCOLAG S4? FE<br />
Lycopodium obscurum Ground-pine LYCOOBS S4 FE<br />
Lycopodium sp Clubmoss <strong>Species</strong> LYCO-SP FE<br />
Lycopus americanus Cut-leaved Water-horehound LYCOAME S5 FO<br />
Lycopus asper Western Water-horehound LYCOASP S4 FO<br />
Lycopus europaeus European Water-horehound LYCOEUR SE5 FO<br />
Lycopus rubellus Stalked Water-horehound LYCORUB S3 FO<br />
Lycopus sp Water-horehound <strong>Species</strong> LYCP-SP FO<br />
Lycopus uniflorus Northern Water-horehound LYCOUNI S5 FO<br />
Lycopus virginicus Virginia Water-horehound LYCOVIR S3 FO<br />
Lysimachia ciliata Fringed Loosestrife LYSICIL S5 FO<br />
Lysimachia hybrida Lowland Yellow Loosestrife LYSIHYB S1 FO<br />
Lysimachia nummularia Moneywort LYSINUM SE5 FO<br />
Lysimachia quadriflora Linear-leaved Loosestrife LYSIQUF S4 FO<br />
Lysimachia quadrifolia Whorled Loosestrife LYSIQUA S4 FO<br />
Lysimachia sp Loosestrife <strong>Species</strong> LYSI-SP FO<br />
Lysimachia terrestris Swamp Candles LYSITER S5 FO<br />
Lysimachia thyrsiflora Tufted Loosestrife LYSITHY S5 FO<br />
Lysimachia vulgaris Garden Loosestrife LYSIVUL SE3 FO<br />
Lythrum alatum Winged Lythrum LYTHALA S3 FO<br />
Lythrum salicaria Purple Loosestrife LYTHSAL SE5 FO<br />
Maclura pomifera Osage-orange MACLPOM SE2 SH<br />
Magnolia acuminata Cucumber Magnolia MAGNACU S2 TR<br />
Maianthemum canadense Canada Mayflower MAIACAN S5 FO<br />
Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum False Solomon's Seal MAIARAR S5 FO<br />
Maianthemum sp False Solomon's Seal <strong>Species</strong> MAIA-SP FO<br />
Maianthemum stellatum Starry False Solomon's Seal MAIASTE S5 FO<br />
Maianthemum trifolium Three-leaved Solomon's Seal MAIATRI S5 FO<br />
Malaxis monophyllos ssp. brachypoda White Adder's-mouth MALAMOB S4 FO<br />
Malaxis sp Adder's-mouth <strong>Species</strong> MALA-SP FO<br />
Malaxis unifolia Green Adder's-mouth MALAUNI S4S5 FO<br />
Malus coronaria Wild Crabapple MALUCOR S4 SH<br />
Malus pumila Common Apple MALUPUM SE5 SH<br />
Malus sp Crabapple <strong>Species</strong> MALU-SP SH<br />
Malva alcea European Mallow MALVALC SE1 FO<br />
Malva moschata Musk Mallow MALVMOS SE5 FO<br />
Malva neglecta Cheeses MALVNEG SE5 FO<br />
Malva rotundifolia Round-leaved Mallow MALVROT SE2 FO<br />
Malva sp Mallow <strong>Species</strong> MALV-SP FO<br />
Malva sylvestris High Mallow MALVSYL SE1 FO<br />
Malva verticillata Whorled Mallow MALVVER SE1 FO<br />
Marrubium vulgare White Horehound MARRVUL SE2 FO<br />
Marsilea quadrifolia Water-clover MARSQUA SE1 FE<br />
Matricaria matricarioides Pineapple Weed MATMATR SE5 FO<br />
Matricaria perforata Scentless Chamomile MATRPER SE FO<br />
Matricaria recutita German Chamomile MATRREC SE FO<br />
Matteuccia struthiopteris var. pensylvanica Ostrich Fern MATTSTP S5 FE<br />
Medeola virginiana Indian Cucumber-root MEDEVIR S5 FO<br />
Medicago lupulina Black Medick MEDILUP SE5 FO<br />
Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Alfalfa MEDISAS SE5 FO<br />
Medicago sp Medicago <strong>Species</strong> MEDI-SP FO<br />
Megalodonta beckii Beck's Water-marigold MEGABEC S5 FO<br />
Melampyrum lineare Cow-wheat MELALIN S4S5 FO<br />
Melica smithii Smith's Melic Grass MELISMI S4? GR<br />
Melilotus alba White Sweet-clover MELIALB SE5 FO<br />
Melilotus officinalis Yellow Sweet-clover MELIOFF SE5 FO<br />
Melilotus sp Sweet-clover <strong>Species</strong> MELI-SP FO<br />
Melissa officinalis Lemon-balm MELIOFO SE1 FO<br />
Menispermum canadense Moonseed MENICAN S4 VW<br />
Mentha arvensis ssp. borealis Wild Mint MENTARB S5 FO<br />
25
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Mentha sp Mint <strong>Species</strong> MENT-SP FO<br />
Mentha spicata Spearmint MENTSPI SE4 FO<br />
Mentha suaveolens Round-leaved Mint MENTSUA SE1 FO<br />
Mentha X piperita Peppermint MENTPIP SHBE4 FO<br />
Mentha X villosa Woolly Mint MENTVIL SHBE1 FO<br />
Menyanthes trifoliata Common Bogbean MENYTRI S5 FO<br />
Mertensia virginica Virginia Bluebells MERTVIR S3 FO<br />
Milium effusum Wood Millet MILIEFF S4S5 GR<br />
Mimulus alatus Winged Monkey-flower MIMUALA S2 FO<br />
Mimulus moschatus Musky Monkey-flower MIMUMOS S2? FO<br />
Mimulus ringens Square-stemmed Monkey-flower MIMURIN S5 FO<br />
Mimulus sp Monkey-flower <strong>Species</strong> MIMU-SP FO<br />
Minuartia michauxii Rock Sandwort MINUMIC S5 FO<br />
Mirabilis hirsuta Hairy Umbrella-wort MIRAHIR SE1 FO<br />
Mirabilis nyctaginea Wild Four-o'clock MIRANYC S4 FO<br />
Miscanthus sacchariflorus Japanese Plume Grass MISCSAC SE3 GR<br />
Miscanthus sinensis Chinese Plume Grass MISCSIN SE1 GR<br />
Mitchella repens Partridge Berry MITCREP S5 SH<br />
Mitella diphylla Bishop's Cap MITEDIP S5 FO<br />
Mitella nuda Naked Mitrewort MITENUD S5 FO<br />
Mitella sp Bishop's Cap <strong>Species</strong> MITE-SP FO<br />
Moehringia lateriflora Grove Sandwort MOEHLAT S5 FO<br />
Mollugo verticillata Indian Chickweed MOLLVER SE5 FO<br />
Monarda didyma Oswego Tea MONADID S3 FO<br />
Monarda fistulosa Wild Bergamot MONAFIS S5 FO<br />
Monarda media Purple Bergamot MONAMED S1 FO<br />
Monarda punctata var. villicaulis Horse Mint MONAPUV S1 FO<br />
Monarda sp Monarda <strong>Species</strong> MONA-SP FO<br />
Moneses uniflora One-flowered Pyrola MONEUNF S5 FO<br />
Monotropa hypopithys Pinesap MONOHIP S4 FO<br />
Monotropa uniflora Indian-pipe MONOUNI S5 FO<br />
Morus alba White Mulberry MORUALB SE5 TR<br />
Morus alba X rubra Hybrid Mulberry MORUALR SU TR<br />
Morus rubra Red Mulberry MORURUB S2 TR<br />
Morus sp Mulberry <strong>Species</strong> MORU-SP TR<br />
Muhlenbergia asperifolia Scratch Grass MUHLASP SE3 GR<br />
Muhlenbergia frondosa Wirestem Muhly MUHLFRO S4 GR<br />
Muhlenbergia glomerata Marsh Muhly MUHLGLO S5 GR<br />
Muhlenbergia mexicana var. mexicana Leafy Satin Grass MUHLMEM S5 GR<br />
Muhlenbergia richardsonis Soft-leaf Muhly MUHLRIC S2S3 GR<br />
Muhlenbergia schreberi Niblewill MUHLSCH S4 GR<br />
Muhlenbergia sobolifera Rock Satin Grass MUHLSOB S1 GR<br />
Muhlenbergia sp Satin Grass <strong>Species</strong> MUHL-SP GR<br />
Muhlenbergia sylvatica var. sylvatica Woodland Satin Grass MUHLSYS S2 GR<br />
Muhlenbergia tenuiflora var. tenuiflora Slender Satin Grass MUHLTET S2 GR<br />
Muhlenbergia uniflora One-flowered Satin Grass MUHLUNI S4 GR<br />
Muscari botryoides Grape Hyacinth MUSCBOT SE3 FO<br />
Mycelis muralis Wall Lettuce MYCEMUR SE2 FO<br />
Myosotis arvensis Field Scorpion-grass MYOSARV SE4 FO<br />
Myosotis discolor Two-coloured Forget-me-not MYOSDIS SE1 FO<br />
Myosotis laxa Small Forget-me-not MYOSLAX S5 FO<br />
Myosotis macrosperma Large-seeded Forget-me-not MYOSMAC S1 FO<br />
Myosotis scorpioides Common Forget-me-not MYOSSCO SE5 FO<br />
Myosotis sp Forget-me-not <strong>Species</strong> MYOS-SP FO<br />
Myosotis stricta Upright Forget-me-not MYOSSTR SE4 FO<br />
Myosotis sylvatica Woodland Forget-me-not MYOSSYL SE4 FO<br />
Myosotis verna Spring Forget-me-not MYOSVER S4? FO<br />
Myosoton aquaticum Water Chickweed MYOSAQU SE3 FO<br />
Myosurus minimus Mouse-tail MYOSMIN S2 FO<br />
Myrica gale Sweet Gale MYRIGAL S5 SH<br />
Myrica pensylvanica Bayberry MYRIPEN S1 SH<br />
26
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Myriophyllum alterniflorum Loose-flowered Water-milfoil MYRIALT S4 FO<br />
Myriophyllum farwellii Farwell's Water-milfoil MYRIFAR S4 FO<br />
Myriophyllum heterophyllum Various-leaved Water-milfoil MYRIHET S4? FO<br />
Myriophyllum sibiricum Pale Water-milfoil MYRISIB S5 FO<br />
Myriophyllum sp Water-milfoil <strong>Species</strong> MYRI-SP FO<br />
Myriophyllum spicatum Spiked Water-milfoil MYRISPI SE5 FO<br />
Myriophyllum tenellum Slender Water-milfoil MYRITEN S4 FO<br />
Myriophyllum verticillatum Low Water-milfoil MYRIVER S5 FO<br />
Myrrhis odorata Scented Myrrhis MYRRODO SE1 FO<br />
Najas flexilis Slender Naiad NAJAFLE S5 FO<br />
Najas gracillima Tread-like Naiad NAJAGRA S2 FO<br />
Najas guadalupensis <strong>Southern</strong> Naiad NAJAGUA S3 FO<br />
Najas marina Spiny Naiad NAJAMAR S1 FO<br />
Najas minor Brittle-leaf Naiad NAJAMIN SE2 FO<br />
Najas sp Naiad <strong>Species</strong> NAJA-SP FO<br />
Narcissus pseudonarcissus Daffodil NARCPSE SE2 FO<br />
Narcissus sp Daffodil <strong>Species</strong> NARC-SP FO<br />
Nasturtium microphyllum Small-leaved Water-cress NASTMIC SE5 FO<br />
Nasturtium officinale Water-cress NASTOFF SE FO<br />
Nasturtium sp Water-cress <strong>Species</strong> NAST-SP FO<br />
Nelumbo lutea American Lotus NELULUT S2 FO<br />
Nemopanthus mucronatus Mountain-holly NEMOMUC S5 SH<br />
Nepeta cataria Catnip NEPECAT SE5 FO<br />
Neslia paniculata Yellow Ball-mustard NESLPAN SE3 FO<br />
Nicandra physalodes Apple-of-Peru NICAPHY SE1 FO<br />
Nicotiana rustica Wild Tobacco NICORUS SE1 FO<br />
Nigella damascena Love-in-a-mist NIGEDAM SE1 FO<br />
Not Applicable Not Applicable NA<br />
Nuphar advena Large Yellow Pond-lily NUPHADV S3 FO<br />
Nuphar microphylla Small Yellow Pond-lily NUPHMIC S3 FO<br />
Nuphar rubrodisca Red-disked Yellow Pond-lily NUPHRUB S3? FO<br />
Nuphar sp Pond-lily <strong>Species</strong> NUPH-SP FO<br />
Nuphar variegata Bulhead Pond-lily NUPHVAR S5 FO<br />
Nymphaea odorata ssp. odorata Small White Water-lily NYMPODD S5? FO<br />
Nymphaea odorata ssp. tuberosa Fragrant White Water-lily NYMPODT SU FO<br />
Nymphaea sp Water-lily <strong>Species</strong> NYMP-SP FO<br />
Nymphoides cordata Floating-heart NYMPCOR S4? FO<br />
Nyssa sylvatica Black Gum NYSSSYL S3 TR<br />
Odontites verna ssp. serotina Early Eyebright ODONVES SE1 FO<br />
Oenothera biennis Common Evening-primrose OENOBIE S5 FO<br />
Oenothera clelandii Cleland's Evening-primrose OENOCLE S1 FO<br />
Oenothera laciniata Cut-leaved Evening-primrose OENOLAC SE1 FO<br />
Oenothera nuttallii White Evening-primrose OENONUT SE1 FO<br />
Oenothera oakesiana Oakes' Evening-primrose OENOOAK S4? FO<br />
Oenothera parviflora Small-flowered Evening-primrose OENOPAR S4? FO<br />
Oenothera perennis Small Sundrops OENOPER S4S5 FO<br />
Oenothera pilosella ssp. pilosella Prairie Evening-primrose OENOPIP S2 FO<br />
Oenothera sp Evening-primrose <strong>Species</strong> OENO-SP FO<br />
Oenothera villosa ssp. villosa Villose Evening-primrose OENOVIV S2? FO<br />
Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive Fern ONOCSEN S5 FE<br />
Onopordum acanthium Scotch Thistle ONOPACA SE4 FO<br />
Onosmodium molle ssp. hispidissimum Shaggy False Gromwell ONOSMOH S2 FO<br />
Ophioglossum pusillum Northern Adder's-tongue OPHIPUS S4S5 FE<br />
Opuntia fragilis Brittle Prickly Pear Cactus OPUNFRA S3 FO<br />
Opuntia humifusa Eastern Prickly Pear Cactus OPUNHUM S1 FO<br />
Origanum vulgare Wild Marjaram ORIGVUL SE5 FO<br />
Ornithogalum nutans Nodding Star-of-Bethlehem ORNINUT SE1 FO<br />
Ornithogalum umbellatum Nap-at-noon ORNIUMB SE3 FO<br />
Orobanche fasciculata Clustered Cancer-root OROBFAS SH FO<br />
Orobanche uniflora One-flowered Cancer Root OROBUNI S4 FO<br />
Orthilia secunda One-sided Shinleaf ORTHSEC S5 FO<br />
27
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Oryzopsis asperifolia Rough-leaved Rice Grass ORYZASP S5 GR<br />
Oryzopsis pungens Short-horned Rice Grass ORYZPUN S5 GR<br />
Oryzopsis racemosa Black-seeded Rice Grass ORYZRAC S4 GR<br />
Oryzopsis sp Rice Grass <strong>Species</strong> ORYZ-SP GR<br />
Osmorhiza claytonii Hairy Sweet-cicely OSMOCLA S5 FO<br />
Osmorhiza longistylis Aniseroot OSMOLON S5 FO<br />
Osmorhiza sp Sweet-cicely <strong>Species</strong> OSMO-SP FO<br />
Osmunda cinnamomea Cinnamon Fern OSMUCIN S5 FE<br />
Osmunda claytoniana Interrupted Fern OSMUCLA S5 FE<br />
Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis Royal Fern OSMURES S5 FE<br />
Osmunda sp Osmunda <strong>Species</strong> OSMU-SP FE<br />
Ostrya virginiana Ironwood OSTRVIR S5 TR<br />
Oxalis acetosella ssp. montana True Wood-sorrel OXALACM S5 FO<br />
Oxalis corniculata Creeping Wood-sorrel OXALCOR SE1 FO<br />
Oxalis dillenii Dillen's Wood-sorrel OXALDIL S5? FO<br />
Oxalis sp Wood-sorrel <strong>Species</strong> OXAL-SP FO<br />
Oxalis stricta Upright Yellow Wood-sorrel OXALSTR S5 FO<br />
Oxypolis rigidior Cowbane OXYPRIG S2 FO<br />
Panax quinquefolius Ginseng PANAQUI S3 FO<br />
Panax sp Ginseng <strong>Species</strong> PANA-SP FO<br />
Panax trifolius Dwarf Ginseng PANATRI S4 FO<br />
Panicum acuminatum Hairy Panic Grass PANIACU S5 GR<br />
Panicum acuminatum var. lindheimeri Lindheimer's Panic Grass PANIACL S4 GR<br />
Panicum boreale Northern Panic Grass PANIBOR S4 GR<br />
Panicum capillare Witch Panic Grass PANICAP S5 GR<br />
Panicum clandestinum Deer-tongue Panic Grass PANICLA S2 GR<br />
Panicum columbianum var. commonsianum Common's Panic Grass PANICOC S1 GR<br />
Panicum columbianum var. siccanum Panic Grass PANICOS S4 GR<br />
Panicum depauperatum Starved Panic Grass PANIDEP S4 GR<br />
Panicum dichotomiflorum Fall Panic Grass PANIDIF SE5 GR<br />
Panicum dichotomum Forked Panic Grass PANIDIC S2 GR<br />
Panicum flexile Wiry Panic Grass PANIFLE S4 GR<br />
Panicum gattingeri Gattinger's Panic Grass PANIGAT S4 GR<br />
Panicum latifolium Broad-leaved Panic Grass PANILAT S4 GR<br />
Panicum leibergii Prairie Panic Grass PANILEI S2 GR<br />
Panicum linearifolium Narrow-leaved Panic Grass PANILIN S4S5 GR<br />
Panicum meridionale Matted Panic Grass PANIMER S1 GR<br />
Panicum miliaceum Broom-corn Millet PANIMIL SE4 GR<br />
Panicum oligosanthes Few-flowered Panic Grass PANIOLI S4 GR<br />
Panicum perlongum Long-stalked Panic Grass PANIPER S2 GR<br />
Panicum philadelphicum Philadelphia Panic Grass PANIPHI S4 GR<br />
Panicum rigidulum Stiff Panic Grass PANIRIG S3 GR<br />
Panicum sp Panic Grass <strong>Species</strong> PANI-SP GR<br />
Panicum sphaerocarpon Round-fruited Panic Grass PANISPH S3 GR<br />
Panicum spretum Eaton's Panic Grass PANISPR S2 GR<br />
Panicum tuckermanii Tuckerman's Panic Grass PANITUC S4 GR<br />
Panicum villosissimum White-haired Panic Grass PANIVIL S3 GR<br />
Panicum virgatum Switch Grass PANIVIR S4 GR<br />
Panicum xanthophysum Slender Panic Grass PANIXAN S4 GR<br />
Papaver orientale Oriental Poppy PAPAORI SE1 FO<br />
Papaver rhoeas Corn Poppy PAPARHO SE1 FO<br />
Papaver somniferum Common Poppy PAPASOM SE1 FO<br />
Parietaria pensylvanica Pellitory PARIPEN S4 FO<br />
Parnassia glauca Grass-of-parnassus PARNGLA S5 FO<br />
Parnassia parviflora Small-flowered Grass-of-parnassus PARNPAR S4? FO<br />
Parnassia sp Grass-of-parnassus <strong>Species</strong> PARN-SP FO<br />
Paronychia canadensis Tall Forked Chickweed PAROCAN S1 FO<br />
Paronychia fastigiata var. fastigiata Low Forked Chickweed PAROFAF S1 FO<br />
Parthenocissus inserta Thicket Creeper PARTINS S5 VW<br />
Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia Creeper PARTQUI S4? VW<br />
Parthenocissus sp Virginia Creeper <strong>Species</strong> PART-SP VW<br />
28
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Paspalum setaceum Slender Beadgrass PASPSET S2 GR<br />
Pastinaca sativa Wild Parsnip PASTSAT SE5 FO<br />
Pedicularis canadensis Wood-betony PEDICAN S5 FO<br />
Pedicularis lanceolata Swamp Lousewort PEDILAN S4 FO<br />
Pedicularis sp Wood-betony <strong>Species</strong> PEDI-SP FO<br />
Pellaea atropurpurea Purple-stem Cliff-brake PELLATR S3 FE<br />
Pellaea glabella ssp. glabella Smooth Cliff-brake PELLGLG S4 FE<br />
Peltandra virginica ssp. virginica Green Arrow-arum PELTVIV S2 FO<br />
Penstemon digitalis Foxglove Beard-tongue PENSDIG S4S5 FO<br />
Penstemon hirsutus Hairy Beard-tongue PENSHIR S4 FO<br />
Penstemon sp Beard-tongue <strong>Species</strong> PENS-SP FO<br />
Penstemon tubaeflorus Tubular-flowered Beard-tongue PENSTUB SE1 FO<br />
Penthorum sedoides Virginia Stonecrop PENTSED S5 FO<br />
Petasites frigidus Sweet Coltsfoot PETAFRI S5 FO<br />
Petasites japonicus Butterfly Dock PETAJAP SE1 FO<br />
Petrorhagia saxifraga Saxifrage Pink PETRSAX SE2 FO<br />
Petroselinum crispum Garden Parsley PETRCRI SE1 FO<br />
Petunia X hybrida Hybrid Petunia PETUHYB SHBE1 FO<br />
Phacelia purshii Miami-mist PHACPUR S1 FO<br />
Phacelia tanacetifolia Tansy-leaved Milkvetch PHACTAN SE1 FO<br />
Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary Grass PHALARU S5 GR<br />
Phalaris canariensis Canary Grass PHALCAN SE2 GR<br />
Phalaris sp Canary Grass <strong>Species</strong> PHAL-SP GR<br />
Phegopteris connectilis Northern Beech Fern PHEGCON S5 FE<br />
Phegopteris hexagonoptera Broad Beech Fern PHEGHEX S3 FE<br />
Philadelphus pubescens Hairy Mock-orange PHILPUB SE1 SH<br />
Phleum pratense Timothy PHLEPRA SE5 GR<br />
Phlox divaricata Wild Blue Phlox PHLODIV S4 FO<br />
Phlox maculata Wild Sweet William PHLOMAC SE1 FO<br />
Phlox paniculata Fall Phlox PHLOPAN SE3 FO<br />
Phlox sp Phlox <strong>Species</strong> PHLO-SP FO<br />
Phlox subulata ssp. subulata Northern Moss Phlox PHLOSUS S1? FO<br />
Phragmites australis Common Reed PHRAAUS S5 GR<br />
Phryma leptostachya Lopseed PHRYLEP S4S5 FO<br />
Phyla lanceolata Fogfruit PHYLLAN S2 FO<br />
Physalis alkekengi Chinese Lantern PHYSALK SE2 FO<br />
Physalis heterophylla Clammy Ground-cherry PHYSHET S4 FO<br />
Physalis pubescens Low Hairy Ground-cherry PHYSPUB SE1 FO<br />
Physalis sp Ground-cherry <strong>Species</strong> PHYS-SP FO<br />
Physalis virginiana Smooth Ground-cherry PHYSVIR SU FO<br />
Physocarpus opulifolius Ninebark PHYSOPU S5 SH<br />
Physostegia virginiana Virginia False Dragonhead PHYSVIV S4 FO<br />
Phytolacca americana Pokeweed PHYTAME S4 FO<br />
Picea abies Norway Spruce PICEABI SE3 TR<br />
Picea glauca White Spruce PICEGLA S5 TR<br />
Picea mariana Black Spruce PICEMAR S5 TR<br />
Picea rubens Red Spruce PICERUB S3 TR<br />
Picea sp Spruce <strong>Species</strong> PICE-SP TR<br />
Picris hieracioides ssp. hieracioides Hawkweed Oxtongue PICRHIH SE5 FO<br />
Pilea fontana Spring Clearweed PILEFON S4 FO<br />
Pilea pumila Common Clearweed PILEPUM S5 FO<br />
Pilea sp Clearweed <strong>Species</strong> PILE-SP FO<br />
Pimpinella saxifraga Burnet Saxifrage PIMPSAX SE1 FO<br />
Pinguicula vulgaris Common Butterwort PINGVUL S5 FO<br />
Pinus banksiana Jack Pine PINUBAN S5 TR<br />
Pinus nigra Austrian Pine PINUNIG SE2 TR<br />
Pinus resinosa Red Pine PINURES S5 TR<br />
Pinus rigida Pitch Pine PINURIG S2? TR<br />
Pinus sp Pine <strong>Species</strong> PINU-SP TR<br />
Pinus strobus Eastern White Pine PINUSTR S5 TR<br />
Pinus sylvestris Scots Pine PINUSYL SE5 TR<br />
29
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Piperia unalascensis Alaska Orchid PIPEUNA S4 FO<br />
Pisum sativum Garden Pea PISUSAT SE1 VI<br />
<strong>Plant</strong>ago arenaria Sand <strong>Plant</strong>ain PLANARE SE4 FO<br />
<strong>Plant</strong>ago aristata Large-bracted <strong>Plant</strong>ain PLANARI SE1 FO<br />
<strong>Plant</strong>ago cordata Heart-leaved <strong>Plant</strong>ain PLANCOR S1 FO<br />
<strong>Plant</strong>ago lanceolata Ribgrass PLANLAN SE5 FO<br />
<strong>Plant</strong>ago major Common <strong>Plant</strong>ain PLANMAJ SE5 FO<br />
<strong>Plant</strong>ago media Hoary <strong>Plant</strong>ain PLANMED SE3 FO<br />
<strong>Plant</strong>ago rugelii Pale <strong>Plant</strong>ain PLANRUG S5 FO<br />
<strong>Plant</strong>ago sp <strong>Plant</strong>ain <strong>Species</strong> PLAN-SP FO<br />
<strong>Plant</strong>ago virginica Dwarf <strong>Plant</strong>ain PLANVIR SE1 FO<br />
Platanthera blephariglottis var. blephariglottis Northern White-fringed Orchid PLATBLB S4 FO<br />
Platanthera clavellata Club-spur Orchid PLATCLA S4S5 FO<br />
Platanthera dilatata Tall White Bog Orchid PLATDIL S5 FO<br />
Platanthera flava var. herbiola Tubercled Orchid PLATFLH S3 FO<br />
Platanthera grandiflora Large Purple-fringed Orchid PLATGRA S1 FO<br />
Platanthera hookeri Hooker's Orchid PLATHOO S3 FO<br />
Platanthera hyperborea Tall Northern Green Orchid PLATHYP S4 FO<br />
Platanthera lacera Ragged-fringed Orchid PLATLAC S4S5 FO<br />
Platanthera leucophaea Eastern Prairie Fringed Orchid PLATLEU S2 FO<br />
Platanthera macrophylla Large Round-leaf Orchid PLATMAC S2 FO<br />
Platanthera obtusata Blunt-leaf Rein Orchid PLATOBT S5 FO<br />
Platanthera orbiculata Small Round-leaf Orchid PLATORB S4S5 FO<br />
Platanthera psycodes Small Purple-fringed Orchid PLATPSY S5 FO<br />
Platanthera sp Orchid <strong>Species</strong> PLAT-SP FO<br />
Platanus occidentalis Sycamore PLATOCC S4 TR<br />
Platanus sp Sycamore <strong>Species</strong> PLTA-SP TR<br />
Platanus X acerifolia London Plane Tree PLATACE SHBE1 TR<br />
Poa alpina Alpine Blue Grass POA-ALP S4 GR<br />
Poa alsodes Grove Blue Grass POA-ALS S4 GR<br />
Poa annua Annual Blue Grass POA-ANN SE5 GR<br />
Poa arida Plains Blue Grass POA-ARI SE4 GR<br />
Poa bulbosa Bulbous Blue Grass POA-BUL SE3 GR<br />
Poa compressa Canada Blue Grass POA-COM SE5 GR<br />
Poa glauca ssp. glaucantha Glaucous Blue Grass POA-GLL S4 GR<br />
Poa languida Weak Blue Grass POA-LAN S3 GR<br />
Poa nemoralis Wood Blue Grass POA-NEM SE3 GR<br />
Poa palustris Fowl Blue Grass POA-PAL S5 GR<br />
Poa pratensis ssp. pratensis Kentucky Blue Grass POA-PRP S5 GR<br />
Poa saltuensis Two-rayed Blue Grass POA-SAL S4 GR<br />
Poa secunda One-sided Blue Grass POA-SEC S1 GR<br />
Poa sp Blue Grass <strong>Species</strong> POA--SP GR<br />
Poa sylvestris Woodland Blue Grass POA-SYL S2 GR<br />
Poa trivialis Rough Blue Grass POA-TRI SE3 GR<br />
Podophyllum peltatum Mayapple PODOPEL S5 FO<br />
Podostemum ceratophyllum River-weed PODOCER S2 FO<br />
Pogonia ophioglossoides Rose Pogonia POGOOPH S4S5 FO<br />
Polanisia dodecandra Rough-seed Clammyweed POLADOD S4 FO<br />
Polygala incarnata Pink Milkwort POLYINC S1 FO<br />
Polygala paucifolia Fringed Polygala POLYPAU S5 FO<br />
Polygala polygama Racemed Milkwort POLYPOL S4 FO<br />
Polygala sanguinea Field Milkwort POLYSAN S3 FO<br />
Polygala senega Seneca Snakeroot POLYSEN S4 FO<br />
Polygala sp Milkwort <strong>Species</strong> POGA-SP FO<br />
Polygala verticillata Whorled Milkwort POLYVER S4 FO<br />
Polygonatum biflorum Smooth Solomon's Seal POLYBIF S4 FO<br />
Polygonatum multiflorum Solomon's Seal POLYMUL SE1 FO<br />
Polygonatum pubescens Hairy Solomon's Seal POLYPUB S5 FO<br />
Polygonatum sp Solomon's Seal <strong>Species</strong> POGT-SP FO<br />
Polygonella articulata Coast Jointweed POLYART S4 FO<br />
Polygonum achoreum Striate Knotweed POLYACH S5 FO<br />
30
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Polygonum amphibium Water Smartweed POLYAMP S5 FO<br />
Polygonum arenastrum Doorweed POLYARE SE5 FO<br />
Polygonum arifolium Halberd-leaved Tearthumb POLYARI S3 FO<br />
Polygonum aviculare Common Knotweed POLYAVI SE5 FO<br />
Polygonum buxiforme Boxwood Knotweed POLYBUX S4? FO<br />
Polygonum caespitosum Long-bristled Smartweed POLYCAE SE1 FO<br />
Polygonum careyi Carey's Knotweed POLYCAR S4 FO<br />
Polygonum cilinode Fringed Bindweed POLYCIL S5 VI<br />
Polygonum convolvulus Black Bindweed POLYCON SE5 VI<br />
Polygonum cuspidatum Japanese Knotweed POLYCUS SE4 FO<br />
Polygonum douglasii Douglas' Knotweed POLYDOU S4 FO<br />
Polygonum erectum Erect Knotweed POLYERE SH FO<br />
Polygonum hydropiper Common Smartweed POLYHDP SE5 FO<br />
Polygonum hydropiperoides Mild Water Pepper POLYHYD S5 FO<br />
Polygonum lapathifolium Pale Smartweed POLYLAP S5 FO<br />
Polygonum neglectum Narrow-leaved Knotweed POLYNEG S4? FO<br />
Polygonum orientale Prince's Feather POLYORI SE3 FO<br />
Polygonum pensylvanicum Pink Knotweed POLYPEN S5 FO<br />
Polygonum persicaria Lady's Thumb POLYPER SE5 FO<br />
Polygonum punctatum Dotted Smartweed POLYPUN S5 FO<br />
Polygonum ramosissimum Bushy Knotweed POLYRAM S4 FO<br />
Polygonum robustius Stout Smartweed POLYROB S2 FO<br />
Polygonum sachalinense Giant Knotweed POLYSAC SE1 FO<br />
Polygonum sagittatum Arrow-leaved Tearthumb POLYSAG S4 FO<br />
Polygonum scandens Climbing False Buckwheat POLYSCN S4S5 VI<br />
Polygonum sp Smartweed <strong>Species</strong> POLY-SP FO<br />
Polygonum tenue var. tenue Slender Knotweed POLYTET S2 FO<br />
Polygonum virginianum Jumpseed POLYVIR S4 FO<br />
Polymnia canadensis Small-flowered Leaf-cup POLYCAN S4 FO<br />
Polypodium appalachianum Appalachian Polypody POLYAPP S1 FE<br />
Polypodium virginianum Rock Polypody POLYVIG S5 FE<br />
Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas Fern POLYACR S5 FE<br />
Polystichum braunii Braun's Holly Fern POLYBRA S3 FE<br />
Polystichum lonchitis Holly Fern POLYLON S4 FE<br />
Polystichum sp Holly Fern <strong>Species</strong> POLS-SP FE<br />
Pontederia cordata Pickerel-weed PONTCOR S5 FO<br />
Populus alba European White Poplar POPUALB SE5 TR<br />
Populus balsamifera ssp. balsamifera Balsam Poplar POPUBAB S5 TR<br />
Populus deltoides ssp. deltoides Eastern Cottonwood POPUDED S5 TR<br />
Populus grandidentata Largetooth Aspen POPUGRA S5 TR<br />
Populus heterophylla Swamp Cottonwood POPUHET S1 TR<br />
Populus nigra Lombardy Poplar POPUNIG SE4 TR<br />
Populus sp Poplar <strong>Species</strong> POPU-SP TR<br />
Populus tremuloides Trembling Aspen POPUTRE S5 TR<br />
Populus X canadensis Carolina Poplar POPUCAN SHBE1 TR<br />
Populus X jackii Jack's Poplar POPUJAC SHB2 TR<br />
Portulaca oleracea Purslane PORTOLE SE5 FO<br />
Potamogeton alpinus Red Pondweed POTAALP S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton amplifolius Large-leaved Pondweed POTAAMP S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton berchtoldii Berchtold's Pondweed POTABER S4S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton bicupulatus Snailseed Pondweed POTABIC S3 FO<br />
Potamogeton confervoides Alga Pondweed POTACON S2 FO<br />
Potamogeton crispus Curly Pondweed POTACRI SE5 FO<br />
Potamogeton epihydrus Ribbon-leaf Pondweed POTAEPI S4S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton filiformis Thread-leaf Pondweed POTAFIL S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton foliosus Leafy Pondweed POTAFOL S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton friesii Fries' Pondweed POTAFRI S4 FO<br />
Potamogeton gramineus Grass-leaved Pondweed POTAGRA S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton hillii Hill's Pondweed POTAHIL S2 FO<br />
Potamogeton illinoensis Illinois Pondweed POTAILL S4 FO<br />
Potamogeton natans Floating-leaf Pondweed POTANAT S5 FO<br />
31
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Potamogeton nodosus Long-leaved Pondweed POTANOD S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton oakesianus Oakes' Pondweed POTAOAK S4 FO<br />
Potamogeton obtusifolius Blunt-leaf Pondweed POTAOBT S4S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton pectinatus Sago Pondweed POTAPEC S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton perfoliatus Clasping-leaved Pondweed POTAPER S4 FO<br />
Potamogeton praelongus White-stem Pondweed POTAPRA S4S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton pusillus Small Pondweed POTAPUS S4S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton richardsonii Richardson's Pondweed POTARIC S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton robbinsii Fern Pondweed POTAROB S4S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton sp Pondweed <strong>Species</strong> POTA-SP FO<br />
Potamogeton spirillus Spiral Pondweed POTASPI S4S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton strictifolius Straight-leaved Pondweed POTASTR S4 FO<br />
Potamogeton vaginatus Big-sheath Pondweed POTAVAG S5 FO<br />
Potamogeton vaseyi Vasey's Pondweed POTAVAS S4 FO<br />
Potamogeton X hagstroemii Hagstroem's Hybrid Pondweed POTAHAG SHB1? FO<br />
Potamogeton X haynesii Haynes' Hybrid Pondweed POTAHAY SHB1? FO<br />
Potamogeton X scoliophyllus Bent-leaved Hybrid Pondweed POTASCO SHB1? FO<br />
Potamogeton X spathuliformis Spatulate Hybrid Pondweed POTASPA SHB1? FO<br />
Potamogeton X subnitens Shining Hybrid Pondweed POTASUB SHB1? FO<br />
Potamogeton zosteriformis Flat-stem Pondweed POTAZOS S5 FO<br />
Potentilla anserina ssp. anserina Silverweed POTEANA S5 FO<br />
Potentilla argentea Silvery Cinquefoil POTEAGT SE5 FO<br />
Potentilla arguta Tall Cinquefoil POTEARG S4 FO<br />
Potentilla canadensis Dwarf Cinquefoil POTECAN S2? FO<br />
Potentilla fruticosa ssp. floribunda Shrubby Cinquefoil POTEFRF S5 SH<br />
Potentilla inclinata Ashy Cinquefoil POTEINC SE4 FO<br />
Potentilla norvegica ssp. monspeliensis Rough Cinquefoil POTENOM S5 FO<br />
Potentilla palustris Marsh Cinquefoil POTEPAL S5 FO<br />
Potentilla paradoxa Bushy Cinquefoil POTEPAR S4 FO<br />
Potentilla pulcherrima Soft Cinquefoil POTEPUL S2 FO<br />
Potentilla recta Rough-fruited Cinquefoil POTEREC SE5 FO<br />
Potentilla simplex Common Cinquefoil POTESIM S5 FO<br />
Potentilla sp Cinquefoil <strong>Species</strong> POTE-SP FO<br />
Prenanthes alba White Lettuce PRENALB S5 FO<br />
Prenanthes altissima Tall White Lettuce PRENALT S5 FO<br />
Prenanthes racemosa ssp. racemosa Glaucous White Lettuce PRENRAR SU FO<br />
Prenanthes sp White Lettuce <strong>Species</strong> PREN-SP FO<br />
Primula mistassinica Dwarf Canadian Primrose PRIMMIS S4 FO<br />
Primula veris Cowslip PRIMVER SE1 FO<br />
Proserpinaca palustris Marsh Mermaid-weed PROSPAL S4 FO<br />
Prunella vulgaris ssp. lanceolata Heal-all PRUNVUL S5 FO<br />
Prunella vulgaris ssp. vulgaris Selfheal PRUNVUV SE3 FO<br />
Prunus americana American Plum PRUNAME S4 SH<br />
Prunus avium Sweet Cherry PRUNAVI SE4 TR<br />
Prunus cerasus Sour Cherry PRUNCEU SE1 TR<br />
Prunus domestica var. domestica Common Plum PRUNDOD SE2 SH<br />
Prunus mahaleb Mahaleb Cherry PRUNMAH SE2 SH<br />
Prunus nigra Canada Plum PRUNNIG S4 SH<br />
Prunus pensylvanica Pin Cherry PRUNPEN S5 SH<br />
Prunus persica Common Peach PRUNPER SE1 SH<br />
Prunus pumila var. besseyi Bessey's Sand Cherry PRUNPUB S1 SH<br />
Prunus pumila var. pumila Sand Cherry PRUNPUP S3 SH<br />
Prunus pumila var. susquehanae Broad-leaved Sand Cherry PRUNPUS S4? SH<br />
Prunus serotina Black Cherry PRUNSER S5 TR<br />
Prunus sp Cherry <strong>Species</strong> PRUN-SP SH<br />
Prunus virginiana ssp. virginiana Choke Cherry PRUNVIV S5 SH<br />
Ptelea trifoliata Hop-tree PTELTRI S3 SH<br />
Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum Eastern Bracken Fern PTERAQL S5 FE<br />
Pterospora andromedea Giant Pinedrops PTERAND S2 FO<br />
Puccinellia distans Spreading Goose Grass PUCCDIS SE5 GR<br />
Puccinellia nuttalliana Nuttall's Goose Grass PUCCNUT SE1 GR<br />
32
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Pycnanthemum incanum var. incanum Hoary Mountain Mint PYCNINI S1 FO<br />
Pycnanthemum sp Mountain Mint <strong>Species</strong> PYCN-SP FO<br />
Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Slender Mountain Mint PYCNTEN S3 FO<br />
Pycnanthemum verticillatum var. pilosum Hairy Mountain Mint PYCNVEP S1 FO<br />
Pycnanthemum verticillatum var. verticillatum Whorled Mountain Mint PYCNVEV S1? FO<br />
Pycnanthemum virginianum Virginia Mountain Mint PYCNVIR S4 FO<br />
Pyrola americana Round-leaved Pyrola PYROAME S4? FO<br />
Pyrola asarifolia Pink Pyrola PYROASA S5 FO<br />
Pyrola chlorantha Green-flowered Pyrola PYROCHL S4S5 FO<br />
Pyrola elliptica Shinleaf PYROELL S5 FO<br />
Pyrola sp Pyrola <strong>Species</strong> PYRO-SP FO<br />
Pyrus communis Common Pear PYRUCOM SE4 SH<br />
Quercus alba White Oak QUERALB S5 TR<br />
Quercus bicolor Swamp White Oak QUERBIC S4 TR<br />
Quercus ellipsoidalis Northern Pin Oak QUERELL S3 TR<br />
Quercus ilicifolia Bear Oak QUERILI S1 SH<br />
Quercus macrocarpa Bur Oak QUERMAC S5 TR<br />
Quercus muehlenbergii Chinquapin Oak QUERMUE S4 TR<br />
Quercus palustris Pin Oak QUERPAL S4 TR<br />
Quercus prinoides Dwarf Chinquapin Oak QUERPRI S2 SH<br />
Quercus rubra Red Oak QUERRUB S5 TR<br />
Quercus shumardii Shumard Oak QUERSHU S3 TR<br />
Quercus sp Oak <strong>Species</strong> QUER-SP TR<br />
Quercus velutina Black Oak QUERVEL S4 TR<br />
Quercus X bebbiana Bebb's Oak QUERBEB SHB1 TR<br />
Quercus X hawkinsiae Hawkins' Oak QUERHAW SHB1 TR<br />
Ranunculus abortivus Kidney-leaf Buttercup RANUABO S5 FO<br />
Ranunculus acris Tall Buttercup RANUACR SE5 FO<br />
Ranunculus aquatilis var. diffusus White Water Crowfoot RANUAQD S4S5 FO<br />
Ranunculus bulbosus Bulbous Buttercup RANUBUL SE3 FO<br />
Ranunculus cymbalaria Seaside Crowfoot RANUCYM S4 FO<br />
Ranunculus fascicularis Early Buttercup RANUFAS S4 FO<br />
Ranunculus ficaria Lesser Celandine RANUFIC SE1 FO<br />
Ranunculus flabellaris Yellow Water Buttercup RANUFLA S4? FO<br />
Ranunculus flammula var. reptans Creeping Spearwort RANUFLR SU FO<br />
Ranunculus hispidus var. caricetorum Swamp Buttercup RANUHIC S5 FO<br />
Ranunculus hispidus var. hispidus Hairy Buttercup RANUHIH S3 FO<br />
Ranunculus pensylvanicus Bristly Buttercup RANUPEN S5 FO<br />
Ranunculus recurvatus Hooked Buttercup RANUREC S5 FO<br />
Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup RANUREP SE5 FO<br />
Ranunculus rhomboideus Prairie Buttercup RANURHO S4 FO<br />
Ranunculus sceleratus var. sceleratus Cursed Crowfoot RANUSCS S5 FO<br />
Ranunculus sp Buttercup <strong>Species</strong> RANU-SP FO<br />
Raphanus raphanistrum Wild Radish RAPHRAP SE3 FO<br />
Raphanus sativus Garden Radish RAPHSAT SE1 FO<br />
Ratibida columnifera Prairie Coneflower RATICOL SE1 FO<br />
Ratibida pinnata Gray-headed Coneflower RATIPIN S3 FO<br />
Rhamnus alnifolia Alder-leaved Buckthorn RHAMALN S5 SH<br />
Rhamnus cathartica Common Buckthorn RHAMCAT SE5 SH<br />
Rhamnus frangula Glossy Buckthorn RHAMFRA SE5 SH<br />
Rhamnus sp Buckthorn <strong>Species</strong> RHAM-SP SH<br />
Rheum rhabarbarum Rhubarb RHEURHA SE2 FO<br />
Rhexia virginica Common Meadow-beauty RHEXVIR S4 FO<br />
Rhododendron canadense Rhodora RHODCAN S1 SH<br />
Rhus aromatica Fragrant Sumac RHUSARO S5 SH<br />
Rhus copallina var. latifolia Shining Sumac RHUSCOL S4 SH<br />
Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac RHUSGLA S5 SH<br />
Rhus radicans ssp. negundo Climbing Poison-ivy RHUSRAN S5 VW<br />
Rhus radicans ssp. rydbergii Western Poison-ivy RHUSRYD S5 SH<br />
Rhus sp Sumac <strong>Species</strong> RHUS-SP SH<br />
Rhus typhina Staghorn Sumac RHUSTYP S5 SH<br />
33
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Rhus vernix Poison Sumac RHUSVER S4 SH<br />
Rhus X pulvinata Hybrid Sumac RHUSPUL SHB2? SH<br />
Rhynchospora alba White Beak Rush RHYNALB S5 SE<br />
Rhynchospora capillacea Needle Beak Rush RHYNCAP S4? SE<br />
Rhynchospora capitellata Brown Beak Rush RHYNCPT S4 SE<br />
Rhynchospora fusca Gray Beak Rush RHYNFUS S4? SE<br />
Rhynchospora sp Beak Rush <strong>Species</strong> RHYN-SP SE<br />
Ribes americanum Wild Black Currant RIBEAME S5 SH<br />
Ribes cynosbati Prickly Gooseberry RIBECYN S5 SH<br />
Ribes glandulosum Skunk Currant RIBEGLA S5 SH<br />
Ribes hirtellum Smooth Gooseberry RIBEHIR S5 SH<br />
Ribes hudsonianum Northern Wild Black Currant RIBEHUD S5 SH<br />
Ribes lacustre Swamp Black Currant RIBELAC S5 SH<br />
Ribes nigrum Garden Black Currant RIBENIG SE2 SH<br />
Ribes odoratum Golden Currant RIBEODO SE4 SH<br />
Ribes rubrum Garden Red Currant RIBERUB SE5 SH<br />
Ribes sp Currant <strong>Species</strong> RIBE-SP SH<br />
Ribes triste Swamp Red Currant RIBETRI S5 SH<br />
Robinia pseudo-acacia Black Locust ROBIPSE SE5 TR<br />
Rorippa palustris ssp. fernaldiana Marsh Yellow-cress RORIPAF S5 FO<br />
Rorippa sylvestris Creeping Yellow-cress RORISYL SE5 FO<br />
Rosa acicularis ssp. sayi Prickly Wild Rose ROSAACS S5 SH<br />
Rosa blanda Smooth Wild Rose ROSABLA S5 SH<br />
Rosa canina Dog Rose ROSACAN SE2 SH<br />
Rosa carolina Pasture Rose ROSACAR S4 SH<br />
Rosa centifolia Cabbage Rose ROSACEN SE1 SH<br />
Rosa majalis Cinnamon Rose ROSAMAJ SE1 SH<br />
Rosa micrantha Small-flowered Rose ROSAMIC SE1 SH<br />
Rosa multiflora Multiflora Rose ROSAMUL SE4 SH<br />
Rosa palustris Swamp Rose ROSAPAL S5 SH<br />
Rosa rubiginosa Eglantine ROSARUB SE4 SH<br />
Rosa rugosa Wrinkled Rose ROSARUG SE1 SH<br />
Rosa setigera Prairie Rose ROSASET S3 SH<br />
Rosa sp Rose <strong>Species</strong> ROSA-SP SH<br />
Rotala ramosior Toothcup ROTARAM S1 FO<br />
Rubus allegheniensis Common Blackberry RUBUALL S5 SH<br />
Rubus canadensis Smooth Blackberry RUBUCAN S4? SH<br />
Rubus flagellaris Northern Dewberry RUBUFLA S4 SH<br />
Rubus hispidus Swamp Dewberry RUBUHIS S4S5 SH<br />
Rubus idaeus ssp. idaeus Red Raspberry RUBUIDI SE1 SH<br />
Rubus idaeus ssp. melanolasius Wild Red Raspberry RUBUIDM S5 SH<br />
Rubus occidentalis Black Raspberry RUBUOCC S5 SH<br />
Rubus odoratus Purple Flowering Raspberry RUBUODO S5 SH<br />
Rubus parviflorus Sparse-flowered Thimbleberry RUBUPAR S4 SH<br />
Rubus pubescens Dwarf Raspberry RUBUPUB S5 SH<br />
Rubus setosus Bristly Raspberry RUBUSET S4? SH<br />
Rubus sp Rubus <strong>Species</strong> RUBU-SP SH<br />
Rudbeckia fulgida Orange Coneflower RUDBFUL S1 FO<br />
Rudbeckia hirta Black-eyed Susan RUDBHIR S5 FO<br />
Rudbeckia laciniata Cut-leaved Coneflower RUDBLAC S5 FO<br />
Rudbeckia triloba Brown-eyed Coneflower RUDBTRI SE4 FO<br />
Rumex acetosa Garden Sorrel RUMEACT SE FO<br />
Rumex acetosella ssp. acetosella Sheep Sorrel RUMEACA SE FO<br />
Rumex altissimus Pale Dock RUMEALT S2? FO<br />
Rumex crispus Curly Dock RUMECRI SE5 FO<br />
Rumex maritimus Golden Dock RUMEMAR S4 FO<br />
Rumex obtusifolius ssp. obtusifolius Bitter Dock RUMEOBO SE5 FO<br />
Rumex orbiculatus Great Water Dock RUMEORB S4S5 FO<br />
Rumex sp Dock <strong>Species</strong> RUME-SP FO<br />
Rumex triangulivalvis Willow-leaved Dock RUMETRI S4 FO<br />
Rumex verticillatus Swamp Dock RUMEVER S4 FO<br />
34
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Sagina procumbens Procumbent Pearlwort SAGIPRO SE4 FO<br />
Sagittaria cuneata Northern Arrowhead SAGICUN S4? FO<br />
Sagittaria graminea var. cristata Crested Arrowhead SAGIGRC S3 FO<br />
Sagittaria graminea var. graminea Grass-leaved Arrowhead SAGIGRG S4S5 FO<br />
Sagittaria latifolia Common Arrowhead SAGILAT S5 FO<br />
Sagittaria rigida Sessile-fruited Arrowhead SAGIRIG S4? FO<br />
Sagittaria sp Arrowhead <strong>Species</strong> SAGI-SP FO<br />
Salix alba White Willow SALIALB SE4 TR<br />
Salix amygdaloides Peach-leaved Willow SALIAMY S5 TR<br />
Salix bebbiana Bebb's Willow SALIBEB S5 SH<br />
Salix candida Sage-leaved Willow SALICAN S5 SH<br />
Salix cinerea Ashy Willow SALICIC SE2 SH<br />
Salix cordata Heart-leaved Willow SALICOR S4S5 SH<br />
Salix discolor Pussy Willow SALIDIS S5 SH<br />
Salix eriocephala Missouri Willow SALIERI S5 SH<br />
Salix exigua Sandbar Willow SALIEXI S5 SH<br />
Salix fragilis Crack Willow SALIFRA SE5 TR<br />
Salix humilis Upland Willow SALIHUM S5 SH<br />
Salix lucida Shining Willow SALILUC S5 SH<br />
Salix myricoides Blue-leaved Willow SALIMYR S3 SH<br />
Salix nigra Black Willow SALINIG S4? TR<br />
Salix pedicellaris Bog Willow SALIPED S5 SH<br />
Salix pentandra Bay-leaved Willow SALIPEN SE2 SH<br />
Salix petiolaris Slender Willow SALIPET S5 SH<br />
Salix purpurea Purple Osier Willow SALIPUR SE4 SH<br />
Salix pyrifolia Balsam Willow SALIPYR S5 SH<br />
Salix serissima Autumn Willow SALISER S4 SH<br />
Salix sp Willow <strong>Species</strong> SALI-SP SH<br />
Salix viminalis Basket Willow SALIVIM SE2 SH<br />
Salix X rubens Weeping White Willow SALIRUB SHBE4 TR<br />
Salsola collina Katune SALSCOL SE4 FO<br />
Salsola tragus Russian Thistle SALSTRA SE5 FO<br />
Salvia pratensis Meadow Sage SALVPRA SE2 FO<br />
Salvia reflexa Reflex-leaved Sage SALVREF SE1 FO<br />
Salvia sclarea Clear-eye SALVSCL SE1 FO<br />
Sambucus canadensis Common Elderberry SAMBCAN S5 SH<br />
Sambucus racemosa ssp. pubens Red-berried Elderberry SAMBRAP S5 SH<br />
Sambucus sp Elderberry <strong>Species</strong> SAMB-SP SH<br />
Samolus valerandi ssp. parviflorus Water Pimpernel SAMOVAP S4 FO<br />
Sanguinaria canadensis Bloodroot SANGCAN S5 FO<br />
Sanguisorba minor Salad Burnet SANGMIN SE4 FO<br />
Sanicula canadensis var. canadensis Short-styled Snakeroot SANICAC S4 FO<br />
Sanicula canadensis var. grandis Long-styled Canada Snakeroot SANICAG S2 FO<br />
Sanicula marilandica Black Snakeroot SANIMAR S5 FO<br />
Sanicula odorata Clustered Snakeroot SANIODO S5 FO<br />
Sanicula sp Snakeroot <strong>Species</strong> SANI-SP FO<br />
Sanicula trifoliata Large-fruited Snakeroot SANITRI S4 FO<br />
Saponaria officinalis Bouncing Bet SAPOOFF SE5 FO<br />
Sarracenia purpurea Pitcher-plant SARRPUR S5 FO<br />
Sassafras albidum Sassafras SASSALB S4 TR<br />
Satureja hortensis Savory SATUHOR SE2 FO<br />
Saururus cernuus Lizard's Tail SAURCER S3 FO<br />
Saxifraga virginiensis Early Saxifrage SAXIVIR S5 FO<br />
Scheuchzeria palustris Pod Grass SCHEPAL S4S5 FO<br />
Schizachne purpurascens ssp. purpurascens False Melic SCHIPUP S5 GR<br />
Schizachyrium littorale Dune Bluestem SCHILIT S2? GR<br />
Schizachyrium scoparium Little Bluestem SCHISCO S4 GR<br />
Scilla siberica Squill SCILSIB SE2 FO<br />
Scirpus acutus Hardstem Bulrush SCIRACU S5 SE<br />
Scirpus atrovirens Black Bulrush SCIRATR S5 SE<br />
Scirpus cespitosus Tufted Bulrush SCIRCES S5 SE<br />
35
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Scirpus clintonii Clinton's Bulrush SCIRCLI S2S3 SE<br />
Scirpus cyperinus Wool Grass SCIRCYP S5 SE<br />
Scirpus expansus Woodland Bulrush SCIREXP S1 SE<br />
Scirpus fluviatilis River Bulrush SCIRFLU S4S5 SE<br />
Scirpus georgianus Bristleless Dark Green Bulrush SCIRGEO S1? SE<br />
Scirpus hattorianus Mosquito Bulrush SCIRHAT S4 SE<br />
Scirpus heterochaetus Slender Bulrush SCIRHET S3 SE<br />
Scirpus hudsonianus Hudson Bay Bulrush SCIRHUD S5 SE<br />
Scirpus maritimus Salt-marsh Bulrush SCIRMAR S3? SE<br />
Scirpus microcarpus Small-fruited Bulrush SCIRMIC S5 SE<br />
Scirpus pedicellatus Pedicelled Bulrush SCIRPED S4? SE<br />
Scirpus pendulus Drooping Bulrush SCIRPEN S5 SE<br />
Scirpus pungens Common Three-square SCIRPUN S5 SE<br />
Scirpus purshianus Pursh's Bulrush SCIRPUR S1? SE<br />
Scirpus smithii Blunt-scaled Bulrush SCIRSMI S3 SE<br />
Scirpus sp Bulrush <strong>Species</strong> SCIR-SP SE<br />
Scirpus subterminalis Water Bulrush SCIRSUB S4 SE<br />
Scirpus torreyi Torrey's Three-square SCIRTOR S4 SE<br />
Scirpus validus Softstem Bulrush SCIRVAL S5 SE<br />
Scirpus verecundus Small-flowered Bulrush SCIRVER S1 SE<br />
Scleranthus annuus Knawel SCLEANN SE5 FO<br />
Scleria pauciflora Few-flowered Nut Rush SCLEPAU S1 SE<br />
Scleria sp Nut Rush <strong>Species</strong> SCLE-SP SE<br />
Scleria triglomerata Tall Nut Rush SCLETRI S1 SE<br />
Scleria verticillata Low Nut Rush SCLEVER S3 SE<br />
Scrophularia lanceolata Hare Figwort SCROLAN S4 FO<br />
Scrophularia marilandica Carpenter's Square SCROMAR S4 FO<br />
Scrophularia sp Figwort <strong>Species</strong> SCRO-SP FO<br />
Scutellaria galericulata Hooded Skullcap SCUTGAL S5 FO<br />
Scutellaria lateriflora Blue Skullcap SCUTLAT S5 FO<br />
Scutellaria nervosa Veined Skullcap SCUTNER S1 FO<br />
Scutellaria parvula var. leonardii Leonard's Skullcap SCUTPAL S3 FO<br />
Scutellaria parvula var. parvula Small Skullcap SCUTPAP S4 FO<br />
Scutellaria sp Skullcap <strong>Species</strong> SCUT-SP FO<br />
Secale cereale Rye SECACER SE3 GR<br />
Sedge sp Sedge <strong>Species</strong> SEDG-SP SE<br />
Sedum acre Mossy Stonecrop SEDUACR SE5 FO<br />
Sedum album White Stonecrop SEDUALB SE1 FO<br />
Sedum hispanicum Spanish Stonecrop SEDUHIS SE1 FO<br />
Sedum sarmentosum Stringy Stonecrop SEDUSAR SE1 FO<br />
Sedum sexangulare Hexagon Stonecrop SEDUSEX SE1 FO<br />
Sedum sp Stonecrop <strong>Species</strong> SEDU-SP FO<br />
Sedum spurium Two Row Stonecrop SEDUSPU SE1 FO<br />
Sedum telephium Live Forever SEDUTEL SE2 FO<br />
Sedum ternatum Wild Stonecrop SEDUTER SE1 FO<br />
Selaginella eclipes Meadow Spikemoss SELAECL S4 FE<br />
Selaginella rupestris Rock Spikemoss SELARUP S5 FE<br />
Selaginella selaginoides Northern Spikemoss SELASEL S4 FE<br />
Selaginella sp Spikemoss <strong>Species</strong> SELA-SP FE<br />
Senecio aureus Golden Ragwort SENEAUR S5 FO<br />
Senecio jacobaea Tansy Ragwort SENEJAC SE1 FO<br />
Senecio obovatus Round-leaved Ragwort SENEOBO S3 FO<br />
Senecio pauperculus Balsam Ragwort SENEPAU S5 FO<br />
Senecio plattensis Prairie Ragwort SENEPLA S2S3 FO<br />
Senecio sp Ragwort <strong>Species</strong> SENE-SP FO<br />
Senecio viscosus Sticky Ragwort SENEVIS SE3 FO<br />
Senecio vulgaris Common Ragwort SENEVUL SE5 FO<br />
Setaria faberi Giant Foxtail SETAFAB SE4 GR<br />
Setaria italica Foxtail Millet SETAITA SE1 GR<br />
Setaria pumila Yellow Foxtail SETAPUM SE5 GR<br />
Setaria sp Foxtail <strong>Species</strong> SETA-SP GR<br />
36
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Setaria verticillata Bristly Foxtail SETAVER SE4 GR<br />
Setaria viridis Green Foxtail SETAVIR SE5 GR<br />
Shepherdia canadensis Buffalo Berry SHEPCAN S5 SH<br />
Shrub sp Shrub <strong>Species</strong> SHUB-SP SH<br />
Sicyos angulatus One-seeded Bur Cucumber SICYANG S5 VI<br />
Sida hermaphrodita Virginia Mallow SIDAHER S1 FO<br />
Sida spinosa Prickly Mallow SIDASPI SE2 FO<br />
Silene antirrhina Sleepy Catchfly SILEANT S5 FO<br />
Silene armeria Sweet William SILEARM SE2 FO<br />
Silene cserei Biennial Campion SILECSE SE4 FO<br />
Silene dichotoma Forked Catchfly SILEDIC SE1 FO<br />
Silene latifolia Bladder Campion SILELAT SE5 FO<br />
Silene noctiflora Night-flowering Catchfly SILENOC SE5 FO<br />
Silene sp Catchfly <strong>Species</strong> SILE-SP FO<br />
Silene vulgaris Catchfly SILEVUL SE5 FO<br />
Silphium integrifolium Prairie Rosin-weed SILPINT SE1 FO<br />
Silphium laciniatum var. laciniatum Compass <strong>Plant</strong> SILPLAL S1 FO<br />
Silphium perfoliatum var. perfoliatum Cup-plant SILPPEP S2 FO<br />
Silphium sp Silphium <strong>Species</strong> SILP-SP FO<br />
Silphium terebinthinaceum var. terebinthinaceum Prairie Dock SILPTET S1 FO<br />
Sinapis alba White Mustard SINAALB SE2 FO<br />
Sinapis arvensis Wild Mustard SINAARV SE5 FO<br />
Sisymbrium altissimum Tall Tumble-mustard SISYALT SE5 FO<br />
Sisymbrium loeselii Tall Hedge Mustard SISYLOE SE2 FO<br />
Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard SISYOFF SE5 FO<br />
Sisymbrium sp Hedge Mustard <strong>Species</strong> SISY-SP FO<br />
Sisyrinchium albidum White Blue-eyed Grass SISYALB S1 FO<br />
Sisyrinchium angustifolium Stout Blue-eyed Grass SISYANG S4 FO<br />
Sisyrinchium montanum Common Blue-eyed Grass SISYMON S5 FO<br />
Sisyrinchium mucronatum Slender Blue-eyed Grass SISYMUC S4S5 FO<br />
Sisyrinchium sp Blue-eyed Grass <strong>Species</strong> SIRI-SP FO<br />
Sium suave Water-parsnip SIUMSUA S5 FO<br />
Smilax ecirrhata Upright Carrion Flower SMILECI S3? FO<br />
Smilax herbacea Herbaceous Carrion Flower SMILHER S4 VI<br />
Smilax hispida Bristly Greenbrier SMILHIS S4 VW<br />
Smilax illinoensis Illinois Carrion Flower SMILILL S2? VI<br />
Smilax lasioneura Hairy-nerved Carrion Flower SMILLAS S4 VI<br />
Smilax rotundifolia Common Greenbrier SMILROT S2 SH<br />
Smilax sp Greenbrier <strong>Species</strong> SMIL-SP VI<br />
Snag Standing Dead Wood SNAG<br />
Solanum carolinense Horse Nettle SOLACAR SE3 FO<br />
Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet Nightshade SOLADUL SE5 VW<br />
Solanum nigrum Black Nightshade SOLANIG SE1 FO<br />
Solanum physalifolium Hairy Nighshade SOLAPHY SE2 FO<br />
Solanum ptychanthum Eastern Black Nightshade SOLAPTY S5 FO<br />
Solanum rostratum Prickly Nightshade SOLAROS SE1 FO<br />
Solanum sp Nightshade <strong>Species</strong> SOLA-SP FO<br />
Solanum triflorum Cut-leaved Nightshade SOLATRI SE1 FO<br />
Solanum tuberosum Common Potato SOLATUB SE1 FO<br />
Solidago altissima var. altissima Tall Goldenrod SOLIALA S4? FO<br />
Solidago arguta var. arguta Sharp-leaved Goldenrod SOLIARA S4 FO<br />
Solidago bicolor White Goldenrod SOLIBIC S4? FO<br />
Solidago caesia Blue-stem Goldenrod SOLICAE S5 FO<br />
Solidago canadensis Canada Goldenrod SOLICAN S5 FO<br />
Solidago flexicaulis Zig-zag Goldenrod SOLIFLE S5 FO<br />
Solidago gigantea Giant Goldenrod SOLIGIG S5 FO<br />
Solidago hispida var. hispida Hairy Goldenrod SOLIHIS S5 FO<br />
Solidago houghtonii Houghton's Goldenrod SOLIHOU S2 FO<br />
Solidago juncea Early Goldenrod SOLIJUN S5 FO<br />
Solidago nemoralis ssp. nemoralis Gray Goldenrod SOLINEN S5 FO<br />
Solidago ohioensis Ohio Goldenrod SOLIOHI S4 FO<br />
37
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Solidago patula Rough-leaved Goldenrod SOLIPAT S5 FO<br />
Solidago ptarmicoides Upland White Goldenrod SOLIPTA S5 FO<br />
Solidago puberula Downy Goldenrod SOLIPUB S2 FO<br />
Solidago riddellii Riddell's Goldenrod SOLIRID S3 FO<br />
Solidago rigida ssp. rigida Stiff-leaved Goldenrod SOLIRIR S3 FO<br />
Solidago rugosa ssp. rugosa Rough Goldenrod SOLIRUR S5 FO<br />
Solidago sempervirens Seaside Goldenrod SOLISEM SE2 FO<br />
Solidago simplex var. gillmanii Rand's Goldenrod SOLISIG S1 FO<br />
Solidago simplex var. ontarioensis <strong>Ontario</strong> Goldenrod SOLISIO S3? FO<br />
Solidago sp Goldenrod <strong>Species</strong> SOLI-SP FO<br />
Solidago speciosa var. rigidiuscula Showy Goldenrod SOLISPR S1 FO<br />
Solidago squarrosa Stout Goldenrod SOLISQU S4 FO<br />
Solidago uliginosa Marsh Goldenrod SOLIULI S5 FO<br />
Solidago ulmifolia var. ulmifolia Elm-leaved Goldenrod SOLIULU S1 FO<br />
Sonchus arvensis ssp. arvensis Field Sow-thistle SONCARA SE5 FO<br />
Sonchus arvensis ssp. uliginosus Perennial Sow-thistle SONCARU SE5 FO<br />
Sonchus asper ssp. asper Spiny-leaved Sow-thistle SONCASA SE5 FO<br />
Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle SONCOLE SE5 FO<br />
Sonchus palustris Marsh Sow-thistle SONCPAL SE1 FO<br />
Sonchus sp Sow-thistle <strong>Species</strong> SONC-SP FO<br />
Sorbaria sorbifolia False Spiraea SORBSOR SE4 SH<br />
Sorbus americana American Mountain-ash SORBAME S5 SH<br />
Sorbus aucuparia European Mountain-ash SORBAUC SE4 SH<br />
Sorbus decora Showy Mountain-ash SORBDEC S5 SH<br />
Sorbus sp Mountain-ash <strong>Species</strong> SORB-SP SH<br />
Sorghastrum nutans Indian Grass SORGNUT S4 GR<br />
Sorghum bicolor ssp. bicolor Sorghum SORGBIB SE1 GR<br />
Sorghum halepense Johnson Grass SORGHAL SE2 GR<br />
Sparganium americanum American Bur-reed SPARAME S4? FO<br />
Sparganium androcladum Branching Bur-reed SPARAND S1 FO<br />
Sparganium angustifolium Floating Bur-reed SPARANG S4? FO<br />
Sparganium emersum ssp. emersum Narrow-leaved Bur-reed SPAREME S5 FO<br />
Sparganium eurycarpum Giant Bur-reed SPAREUR S5 FO<br />
Sparganium fluctuans Water Bur-reed SPARFLU S4? FO<br />
Sparganium natans Small Bur-reed SPARNAT S5 FO<br />
Sparganium sp Bur-reed <strong>Species</strong> SPAR-SP FO<br />
Spartina patens Salt-marsh Grass SPARPAT SE1 GR<br />
Spartina pectinata Freshwater Cord Grass SPARPEC S4 GR<br />
Spartina sp Cord Grass <strong>Species</strong> SPTI-SP GR<br />
Spergula arvensis Spurrey SPERARV SE5 FO<br />
Spergularia marina Saltmarsh Sand Spurrey SPERMAR SH FO<br />
Spergularia media Media Sand Spurrey SPERMED SE3 FO<br />
Spergularia rubra Red Sand Spurrey SPERRUB SE3? FO<br />
Sphenopholis intermedia Slender Wedge Grass SPHEINT S4S5 GR<br />
Sphenopholis nitida Shining Wedge Grass SPHENIT S1 GR<br />
Sphenopholis obtusata Prairie Wedge Grass SPHEOBT S1 GR<br />
Sphenopholis sp Wedge Grass <strong>Species</strong> SPHE-SP GR<br />
Spiraea alba Narrow-leaved Meadowsweet SPIRALB S5 SH<br />
Spiraea japonica Japanese Meadowsweet SPIRJAP SE1 SH<br />
Spiraea salicifolia Willow-leaved Meadowsweet SPIRSAL SE1 SH<br />
Spiraea sp Meadowsweet <strong>Species</strong> SPIR-SP SH<br />
Spiraea tomentosa Hardhack SPIRTOM S4S5 SH<br />
Spiraea X vanhouttei Bridal Wreath SPIRVAN SHBE1 SH<br />
Spiranthes casei Case's Ladies' Tresses SPIRCAS S4 FO<br />
Spiranthes cernua Nodding Ladies' Tresses SPIRCER S5 FO<br />
Spiranthes lacera var. gracilis <strong>Southern</strong> Slender Ladies' Tresses SPIRLAG S1 FO<br />
Spiranthes lacera var. lacera Northern Slender Ladies' Tresses SPIRLAL S4S5 FO<br />
Spiranthes lucida Shining Ladies' Tresses SPIRLUC S4 FO<br />
Spiranthes magnicamporum Great Plains Ladies' Tresses SPIRMAG S3? FO<br />
Spiranthes ochroleuca Yellow Ladies' Tresses SPIROCH S2 FO<br />
Spiranthes ovalis var. erostellata Oval Ladies' Tresses SPIROVE S1 FO<br />
38
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Spiranthes romanzoffiana Hooded Ladies' Tresses SPIRROM S5 FO<br />
Spiranthes sp Ladies' Tresses <strong>Species</strong> SPIT-SP FO<br />
Spirodela polyrhiza Great Duckweed SPIRPOL S5 FO<br />
Sporobolus asper Rough Dropseed SPORASP S2 GR<br />
Sporobolus cryptandrus Sand Dropseed SPORCRF S4 GR<br />
Sporobolus heterolepis Northern Dropseed SPORHET S3 GR<br />
Sporobolus neglectus Small Rush Grass SPORNEG S4 GR<br />
Sporobolus ozarkanus Ozark Dropseed SPOROZA S2? GR<br />
Sporobolus sp Dropseed <strong>Species</strong> SPOR-SP GR<br />
Sporobolus vaginiflorus Poverty Dropseed SPORVAG S4 GR<br />
Stachys hispida Rough Hedge-nettle STACHIS S4S5 FO<br />
Stachys palustris Marsh Hedge-nettle STACPAL SE5 FO<br />
Stachys pilosa var. arenicola Sand Hedge-nettle STACPIA SU FO<br />
Stachys sp Hedge-nettle <strong>Species</strong> STAC-SP FO<br />
Staphylea trifolia Bladdernut STAPTRI S4 SH<br />
Stellaria borealis ssp. borealis Northern Stitchwort STELBOB S5 FO<br />
Stellaria graminea Grass-leaved Stitchwort STELGRA SE5 FO<br />
Stellaria longifolia Long-leaved Stitchwort STELLON S5 FO<br />
Stellaria longipes Long-stalked Stitchwort STELLGP S5 FO<br />
Stellaria media Common Stitchwort STELMED SE5 FO<br />
Stellaria pallida Lesser Stitchwort STELPAL SE1 FO<br />
Stellaria sp Chickweed <strong>Species</strong> STEL-SP FO<br />
Stipa comata Tufted Bunch Grass STIPCOM S1 GR<br />
Stipa sp Stipa <strong>Species</strong> STIP-SP GR<br />
Stipa spartea Porcupine Grass STIPSPA S4 GR<br />
Streptopus roseus Rose Twisted Stalk STREROS S5 FO<br />
Strophostyles helvula Trailing Wild Bean STROHEL S4 FO<br />
Stylophorum diphyllum Wood Poppy STYLDIP S1 FO<br />
Suaeda calceoliformis Plains Sea-blite SUAECAL S2 FO<br />
Subularia aquatica ssp. americana Water Awlwort SUBUAQA S3 FO<br />
Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry SYMPALB S4S5 SH<br />
Symphoricarpos occidentalis Wolfberry SYMPOCC SE3 SH<br />
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Coralberry SYMPORB SE1 SH<br />
Symphytum asperum Prickly Comfrey SYMPASP SE2 FO<br />
Symphytum officinale ssp. officinale Common Comfrey SYMPOFO SE5 FO<br />
Symplocarpus foetidus Skunk Cabbage SYMPFOE S5 FO<br />
Syringa vulgaris Common Lilac SYRIVUL SE5 SH<br />
Taenidia integerrima Yellow Pimpernel TAENINT S4 FO<br />
Tanacetum vulgare Tansy TANAVUL SE5 FO<br />
Taraxacum erythrospermum Red-seeded Dandelion TARAERY SE5 FO<br />
Taraxacum officinale Common Dandelion TARAOFF SE5 FO<br />
Taraxacum palustre Marsh Dandelion TARAPAL SE5 FO<br />
Taraxacum sp Dandelion <strong>Species</strong> TARA-SP FO<br />
Taxus canadensis Canada Yew TAXUCAN S4 SH<br />
Tephrosia virginiana Goat's Rue TEPHVIR S1 FO<br />
Teucrium canadense ssp. canadense Wood Germander TEUCCAC S5? FO<br />
Teucrium canadense ssp. viscidum Hairy Germander TEUCCAV SU FO<br />
Thalictrum dasycarpum Purple Meadow-rue THALDAS S4? FO<br />
Thalictrum dioicum Early Meadow-rue THALDIO S5 FO<br />
Thalictrum pubescens Tall Meadow-rue THALPUB S5 FO<br />
Thalictrum revolutum Waxy Meadow-rue THALREV S2 FO<br />
Thalictrum sp Meadow-rue <strong>Species</strong> THAL-SP FO<br />
Thalictrum thalictroides Rue Anemone THALTHA S3 FO<br />
Thalictrum venulosum Veiny Meadow-rue THALVEN S5? FO<br />
Thaspium barbinode Bearded Meadow-parsnip THASBAR S1 FO<br />
Thaspium chapmanii Chapman's Meadow-parsnip THASCHA S2 FO<br />
Thaspium trifoliatum var. aureum Smooth Meadow-parsnip THASTRA S2 FO<br />
Thelypteris noveboracensis New York Fern THELNOV S4S5 FE<br />
Thelypteris palustris var. pubescens Marsh Fern THELPAP S5 FE<br />
Thelypteris simulata Massachusetts Fern THELSIM S1 FE<br />
Thelypteris sp Thelypteris <strong>Species</strong> THEL-SP FE<br />
39
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Thladiantha dubia Golden Creeper THLADUB SE2 VI<br />
Thlaspi arvense Field Penny-cress THLAARV SE5 FO<br />
Thuja occidentalis Eastern White Cedar THUJOCC S5 TR<br />
Thymus pulegioides Thyme THYMPUL SE1 FO<br />
Tiarella cordifolia Foamflower TIARCOR S5 FO<br />
Tilia americana Basswood TILIAME S5 TR<br />
Tofieldia glutinosa ssp. brevistyla Sticky False Asphodel TOFIGLB S4? FO<br />
Torilis japonica Japanese Hedge Parsley TORIJAP SE4 FO<br />
Torreyochloa fernaldii Pale Manna Grass TORRFER S4 GR<br />
Torreyochloa pallida Torrey's Manna Grass TORRPAL S2 GR<br />
Torreyochloa sp Manna Grass <strong>Species</strong> TORR-SP GR<br />
Tradescantia ohiensis Common Spiderwort TRADOHI S2 FO<br />
Tradescantia virginiana Virginia Spiderwort TRADVIR SE1 FO<br />
Tragopogon dubius Doubtful Goat's-beard TRAGDUB SE5 FO<br />
Tragopogon porrifolius Common Salsify TRAGPOR SE4? FO<br />
Tragopogon pratensis ssp. pratensis Meadow Goat's-beard TRAGPRP SE5 FO<br />
Tragopogon sp Goat's-beard <strong>Species</strong> TRAG-SP FO<br />
Tree sp Tree <strong>Species</strong> TREE-SP TR<br />
Triadenum fraseri Fraser's St. John's-wort TRIAFRA S5 FO<br />
Tribulus terrestris Land Caltrop TRIBTER SE1 FO<br />
Trichostema brachiatum False Pennyroyal TRICBRA S4 FO<br />
Trichostema dichotomum Bastard Pennyroyal TRICDIC S1 FO<br />
Tridens flavus Purpletop TRIDFLA SE1 GR<br />
Trientalis borealis ssp. borealis Starflower TRIEBOB S5 FO<br />
Trifolium arvense Rabbit-foot Clover TRIFARV SE4 FO<br />
Trifolium aureum Yellow Clover TRIFAUE SE5 FO<br />
Trifolium campestre Large Hop Clover TRIFCAM SE5 FO<br />
Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover TRIFDUB SE4 FO<br />
Trifolium hybridum ssp. elegans Alsike Clover TRIFHYE SE5 FO<br />
Trifolium pratense Red Clover TRIFPRA SE5 FO<br />
Trifolium repens White Clover TRIFREP SE5 FO<br />
Trifolium sp Clover <strong>Species</strong> TRIF-SP FO<br />
Triglochin maritimum Seaside Arrow Grass TRIGMAR S5 FO<br />
Triglochin palustre Marsh Arrow Grass TRIGPAL S5 FO<br />
Triglochin sp Arrow Grass <strong>Species</strong> TRIG-SP FO<br />
Trillium cernuum Nodding Trillium TRILCER S5 FO<br />
Trillium erectum Red Trillium TRILERE S5 FO<br />
Trillium flexipes Bent Trillium TRILFLE S1 FO<br />
Trillium grandiflorum White Trillium TRILGRA S5 FO<br />
Trillium sp Trillium <strong>Species</strong> TRIL-SP FO<br />
Trillium undulatum Painted Trillium TRILUND S5? FO<br />
Triodanis perfoliata Clasping Bellwort TRIOPRF S4 FO<br />
Triosteum angustifolium Yellow Horse-gentian TRIOANG S1 FO<br />
Triosteum aurantiacum Wild Coffee TRIOAUR S5 FO<br />
Triosteum perfoliatum Perfoliate Horse Gentain TRIOPER S1 FO<br />
Triosteum sp Horse Gentian <strong>Species</strong> TRIO-SP FO<br />
Triphora trianthophora Nodding Pogonia TRIPTRI S1 FO<br />
Triplasis purpurea Sand Grass TRIPPUR S4? GR<br />
Trisetum melicoides Melica-leaf False Oats TRISMEL S4 GR<br />
Trisetum spicatum Narrow False Oats TRISSPI S4 GR<br />
Triticum aestivum Common Wheat TRITAES SE1 GR<br />
Tsuga canadensis Eastern Hemlock TSUGCAN S5 TR<br />
Tussilago farfara Coltsfoot TUSSFAR SE5 FO<br />
Typha angustifolia Narrow-leaved Cattail TYPHANG S5 FO<br />
Typha latifolia Broad-leaved Cattail TYPHLAT S5 FO<br />
Typha sp Cattail <strong>Species</strong> TYPH-SP FO<br />
Typha X glauca Hybrid Cattail TYPHGLA SHB5 FO<br />
Ulmus americana American Elm ULMUAME S5 TR<br />
Ulmus pumila Siberian Elm ULMUPUM SE3 TR<br />
Ulmus rubra Slippery Elm ULMURUB S5 TR<br />
Ulmus sp Elm <strong>Species</strong> ULMU-SP TR<br />
40
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Ulmus thomasii Rock Elm ULMUTHO S4? TR<br />
Unknown sp Unknown <strong>Species</strong> UNKNOWN<br />
Urtica dioica ssp. dioica European Stinging Nettle URTIDID SE2 FO<br />
Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis Slender Stinging Nettle URTIDIG S5 FO<br />
Urtica sp Nettle <strong>Species</strong> URTI-SP FO<br />
Urtica urens Dog Nettle URTIURE SE1 FO<br />
Utricularia cornuta Horned Bladderwort UTRICOR S5 FO<br />
Utricularia geminiscapa Hidden-fruited Bladderwort UTRIGEM S3? FO<br />
Utricularia gibba Humped Bladderwort UTRIGIB S4 FO<br />
Utricularia intermedia Flat-leaved Bladderwort UTRIINT S5 FO<br />
Utricularia minor Lesser Bladderwort UTRIMIN S5 FO<br />
Utricularia purpurea Spotted Bladderwort UTRIPUR S4 FO<br />
Utricularia resupinata Inverted Bladderwort UTRIRES S4 FO<br />
Utricularia sp Bladderwort <strong>Species</strong> UTRI-SP FO<br />
Utricularia vulgaris Common Bladderwort UTRIVUL S5 FO<br />
Uvularia grandiflora Large-flowered Bellwort UVULGRA S5 FO<br />
Uvularia perfoliata Perfoliate Bellwort UVULPER S1 FO<br />
Uvularia sessilifolia Sessile-leaved Bellwort UVULSES S4 FO<br />
Uvularia sp Bellwort <strong>Species</strong> UVUL-SP FO<br />
Vaccaria hispanica Spanish Cowherb VACCHIS SE3 FO<br />
Vaccinium angustifolium Low-sweet Blueberry VACCANG S5 SH<br />
Vaccinium corymbosum Highbush Blueberry VACCCOR S4 SH<br />
Vaccinium macrocarpon Large Cranberry VACCMAC S4S5 SH<br />
Vaccinium myrtilloides Velvetleaf Blueberry VACCMYR S5 SH<br />
Vaccinium oxycoccos Small Cranberry VACCOXY S5 SH<br />
Vaccinium pallidum Dryland Blueberry VACCPAL S4 SH<br />
Vaccinium sp Blueberry <strong>Species</strong> VACC-SP SH<br />
Vaccinium stamineum Deerberry VACCSTA S1 SH<br />
Valeriana edulis ssp. ciliata Taprooted Valerian VALEEDC S1 FO<br />
Valeriana officinalis Common Valerian VALEOFF SE3 FO<br />
Valeriana sitchensis ssp. uliginosa Sitka Valerian VALESIU S2 FO<br />
Valerianella chenopodiifolia Goosefoot Corn-salad VALECHE S1 FO<br />
Valerianella umbilicata Navel-shaped Corn-salad VALEUMB S1 FO<br />
Vallisneria americana Eel-grass VALLAME S5 FO<br />
Verbascum blattaria Moth Mullein VERBBLA SE5 FO<br />
Verbascum phlomoides Clasping Mullein VERBPHL SE1 FO<br />
Verbascum thapsus Common Mullein VERBTHA SE5 FO<br />
Verbena bracteata Large-bracted Vervain VERBBRA S4? FO<br />
Verbena hastata Blue Vervain VERBHAS S5 FO<br />
Verbena simplex Narrow-leaved Vervain VERBSIM S4 FO<br />
Verbena sp Vervain <strong>Species</strong> VERB-SP FO<br />
Verbena stricta Hoary Vervain VERBSTR S4 FO<br />
Verbena urticifolia White Vervain VERBURT S5 FO<br />
Verbesina alternifolia Wing-stem VERBALT S3 FO<br />
Vernonia gigantea ssp. gigantea Giant Ironweed VERNGIG S3? FO<br />
Vernonia missurica Missouri Ironweed VERNMIS S3? FO<br />
Veronica americana American Speedwell VEROAME S5 FO<br />
Veronica anagallis-aquatica Water Speedwell VEROANA SE5 FO<br />
Veronica arvensis Corn Speedwell VEROARV SE5 FO<br />
Veronica austriaca ssp. teucrium Lance-leaved Speedwell VEROAUT SE1 FO<br />
Veronica beccabunga Bachbungen's Speedwell VEROBEC SE2 FO<br />
Veronica catenata Speedwell VEROCAT S4 FO<br />
Veronica chamaedrys Germander Speedwell VEROCHA SE3 FO<br />
Veronica filiformis Hair-like Speedwell VEROFIL SE2 FO<br />
Veronica longifolia Long-leaved Speedwell VEROLON SE3 FO<br />
Veronica officinalis Common Speedwell VEROOFF SE5 FO<br />
Veronica peregrina ssp. peregrina Purslane Speedwell VEROPEP S5 FO<br />
Veronica peregrina ssp. xalapensis Western Purslane Speedwell VEROPEX S4 FO<br />
Veronica persica Bird's-eye Speedwell VEROPES SE4 FO<br />
Veronica polita Wayside Speedwell VEROPOL SE4 FO<br />
Veronica scutellata Marsh Speedwell VEROSCU S5 FO<br />
41
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Veronica serpyllifolia ssp. serpyllifolia Thyme-leaved Speedwell VEROSES SE5 FO<br />
Veronica sp Speedwell <strong>Species</strong> VERO-SP FO<br />
Veronica verna Spring Speedwell VEROVER SE3 FO<br />
Veronicastrum virginicum Culver's-root VEROVRG S2 FO<br />
Viburnum acerifolium Maple-leaved Viburnum VIBUACE S5 SH<br />
Viburnum cassinoides Wild Raisin VIBUCAS S5 SH<br />
Viburnum lantana Wayfaring Tree VIBULAN SE2 SH<br />
Viburnum lantanoides Hobble Bush VIBULAO S5 SH<br />
Viburnum lentago Nannyberry VIBULEN S5 SH<br />
Viburnum opulus European Highbush Cranberry VIBUOPU SE4 SH<br />
Viburnum rafinesquianum Downy Arrow-wood VIBURAF S5 SH<br />
Viburnum recognitum <strong>Southern</strong> Arrow-wood VIBUREC S4 SH<br />
Viburnum sp Viburnum <strong>Species</strong> VIBU-SP SH<br />
Viburnum trilobum Highbush Cranberry VIBUTRI S5 SH<br />
Vicia americana Purple Vetch VICIAME S5 VI<br />
Vicia caroliniana Carolina Vetch VICICAR S2 VI<br />
Vicia cracca Cow Vetch VICICRA SE5 VI<br />
Vicia hirsuta Tiny Vetch VICIHIR SE1 VI<br />
Vicia sativa ssp. nigra Common Vetch VICISAN SE5 VI<br />
Vicia sp Vetch <strong>Species</strong> VICI-SP VI<br />
Vicia tetrasperma Sparrow Vetch VICITET SE5 VI<br />
Vicia villosa Hairy Vetch VICIVIL SE5 VI<br />
Vinca minor Periwinkle VINCMIN SE5 VW<br />
Vine sp Herbaceous Vine <strong>Species</strong> VINE-SP VI<br />
Viola adunca Hooked-spur Violet VIOLADU S4S5 FO<br />
Viola affinis Le Conte's Violet VIOLAFF S4? FO<br />
Viola arvensis Small-wild Pansy VIOLARV SE4 FO<br />
Viola bicolor Field Pansy VIOLBIC S1 FO<br />
Viola blanda Sweet White Violet VIOLBLA S4S5 FO<br />
Viola canadensis Canada Violet VIOLCAN S5 FO<br />
Viola conspersa Dog Violet VIOLCON S5 FO<br />
Viola cucullata Marsh Blue Violet VIOLCUC S5 FO<br />
Viola lanceolata Lance-leaved Violet VIOLLAN S4 FO<br />
Viola macloskeyi ssp. pallens Smooth White Violet VIOLMAP S5 FO<br />
Viola nephrophylla Northern Bog Violet VIOLNEP S4 FO<br />
Viola odorata English Violet VIOLODO SE2 FO<br />
Viola palmata var. palmata Early Blue Violet VIOLPAP S2S3 FO<br />
Viola pedata Bird's-foot Violet VIOLPED S1 FO<br />
Viola pedatifida Prairie Violet VIOLPDF S1 FO<br />
Viola pubescens Yellow Violet VIOLPUB S5 FO<br />
Viola renifolia Kidney-leaf Violet VIOLREN S5 FO<br />
Viola rostrata Long-spurred Violet VIOLROS S5 FO<br />
Viola rotundifolia Round-leaved Violet VIOLROT SH FO<br />
Viola sagittata var. sagittata Arrow-leaved Violet VIOLSAS S4 FO<br />
Viola selkirkii Great-spurred Violet VIOLSEL S5 FO<br />
Viola septentrionalis Northern Blue Violet VIOLSEP SU FO<br />
Viola sororia Common Blue Violet VIOLSOR S5 FO<br />
Viola sp Violet <strong>Species</strong> VIOL-SP FO<br />
Viola striata Cream Violet VIOLSTR S3 FO<br />
Viola tricolor Johnny-jump-up VIOLTRI SE2 FO<br />
Viola X brauniae Hybrid Violet VIOLBRA SHB1 FO<br />
Vitis aestivalis Summer Grape VITIAES S4 VW<br />
Vitis labrusca Fox Grape VITILAB S1 VW<br />
Vitis riparia Riverbank Grape VITIRIP S5 VW<br />
Vitis sp Grape <strong>Species</strong> VITI-SP VW<br />
Vitis vulpina Sweet Scented Grape VITIVUL S1 VW<br />
Vulpia myuros Mouse-tail Fescue VULPMYU SE1 GR<br />
Vulpia octoflora Six-weeks Fescue VULPOCT S2 GR<br />
Waldsteinia fragarioides Barren Strawberry WALDFRA S5 FO<br />
Wolffia borealis Dotted Water Meal WOLFBOR S4S5 FO<br />
Wolffia brasiliensis Brazilian Water Meal WOLFBRA S2? FO<br />
42
<strong>Southern</strong> <strong>Ontario</strong> <strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Species</strong> <strong>List</strong><br />
Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form<br />
Wolffia columbiana Columbia Water Meal WOLFCOL S4S5 FO<br />
Wolffia sp Water Meal <strong>Species</strong> WOLF-SP FO<br />
Woodsia ilvensis Rusty Woodsia WOODILV S5 FE<br />
Woodsia obtusa ssp. obtusa Blunt-lobed Woodsia WOODOBO S1 FE<br />
Woodsia oregana ssp. cathcartiana Oregon Woodsia WOODORC S4 FE<br />
Woodsia scopulina Mountain Woodsia WOODSCO S3 FE<br />
Woodsia sp Woodsia <strong>Species</strong> WOOD-SP FE<br />
Woodwardia virginica Virginia Chain Fern WOODVIR S4 FE<br />
Woody vine sp Woody Vine <strong>Species</strong> WOVI-SP VW<br />
Xanthium spinosum Spiny Cocklebur XANTSPI SE2? FO<br />
Xanthium strumarium Cocklebur XANTSTR S5 FO<br />
Xyris difformis Two-formed Yellow-eyed-grass XYRIDIF S4 FO<br />
Xyris montana Northern Yellow-eyed-grass XYRIMON S4 FO<br />
Zannichellia palustris Horned Pondweed ZANNPAL S4 FO<br />
Zanthoxylum americanum Prickly-ash ZANTAME S5 SH<br />
Zea mays Corn ZEA-MAY SE2 GR<br />
Zigadenus elegans ssp. glaucus White Camass ZIGAELG S4 FO<br />
Zizania aquatica <strong>Southern</strong> Wild Rice ZIZAAQU S3 GR<br />
Zizania palustris Northern Wild Rice ZIZAPAL S4 GR<br />
Zizania sp Wild Rice <strong>Species</strong> ZIZA-SP GR<br />
Zizia aptera Heart-leaved Alexanders ZIZIAPT S1 FO<br />
Zizia aurea Golden Alexanders ZIZIAUR S5 FO<br />
43