gamoyenebiTi fizikis safuZvlebi III - ieeetsu
gamoyenebiTi fizikis safuZvlebi III - ieeetsu
gamoyenebiTi fizikis safuZvlebi III - ieeetsu
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e<br />
+<br />
− e<br />
e<br />
±<br />
−<br />
≤<br />
10 −21<br />
.<br />
elmentaruli muxtis invariantoba. elementaruli muxtis<br />
invariantoba niSnavs mis damoukidebloba siCqarisagan. sxvadaxva<br />
atomebSi sxvadasxva wreebze moZrav eleqtronebs gaaCniaT sxvadasxva<br />
siCqareebi. am siCqareebze rom yofiliyo damokidebuli eleqtronebis<br />
muxtis sidide. atomebis neitraloba aucileblad dairRveoda.<br />
maqsimaluri siCqareebi, romlebsac aRwevs eleqtronebi atomebSi, 0,5c<br />
tolia, maSasadame swored am siCqarebamde mainc elementaruli muxti<br />
SeiZleba CaiTvalos invariantulad; Tumca ar arsebobs faqtebi, romelTa<br />
mixedviTac muxtis invariantoba dairRveoda ufro maRali<br />
siCqarebisaTvisac.<br />
4. muxtis Senaxvis kanoni<br />
muxtis Senaxvis kanoni: izolirebul sistemaSi sruli eleqtruli muxti,<br />
e.i. dadebiTi da uaryofiTi muxtebis<br />
algebrauli jami mudmivia.<br />
es kanoni damtkicebuli aris mravali eqsperimentiT. amasTan misi<br />
samarTlianoba damtkicebulia ara marto stabiluri nawilakebisaTvis<br />
rogoricaa eleqtronebi da protonebi, aramed Zalze mcire sicocxlis<br />
xangrZlivobis mqone nawilakebisaTvis. garda amisa fotonebis<br />
zemoqmedebis Sedegad vakuumSi SesaZlebelia nawilakebis vakuumidan<br />
“amogleja”, magram amasTan maTi sruli eleqtruli muxti aucileblad<br />
nulis toli iqneba.<br />
e -<br />
fotoni<br />
nax. 1<br />
e +<br />
movaxdinoT muxtis Senaxvis kanonis maTematikuri Cawera:<br />
Caketil sistemaSi<br />
Q = const<br />
(1)<br />
movaxdinoT am eqsperimentaluri faqtis ganzogadeba da davakavSiroT is<br />
muxtis moZraobasTan. Tu sruldeba (1), maSin araCaketil sistemaSi<br />
6
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