Reader-II - Nirantar

tsaMj 

vkSj vkSj 

f”k{kk 

jhMj 

Hkkx 2

tsaMj vkSj f'k{kk jhMj 

Hkkx 2 

fujarj

© fujarj 

igyk laLdj.k % Qjojh] 2011 

izdk'ku % fujarj 

ch&64] nwljh eafT+ky] loksZn~; ,uDyso] ubZ 

fnYyh&110017 

Qksu % 011&26966334] Qksu@QSDl % 011&26517726 

bZesy % nirantar.mail@gmail.com 

osclkbV % www.nirantar.net 

ifjdYiuk % fnIrk Hkksx] t;k 'kekZ] iwokZ Hkkj}kt vkSj fn'kk efyd 

laiknu % jathr vfHkKku vkSj iwokZ Hkkj}kt 

leUo;u % lkfn;k lbZn 

çLrqrhdj.k % lkfn;k lbZn] e`nq dey] eerk ikBd] t;k 'kekZ] 

gqek [kku vkSj lrh'k >k 

vkoj.k ,oa :ikadu % ;'kl panz 

lTtk % eqdÌl vkT+ke] fd'kksj 

eqæ.k % M~;wjscy fizaVj] ubZ fnYyh ¼9810529858½ 

lg;ksx jkf'k % 250 #i,

fo"k;&lwph 

vkHkkj iv 

ifjp; vii 

n`f"Vfcanq] Kku vkSj ukjhokn 

Kku dk l`tu % 

1- n`f"Vfcanq fl)kar • fujarj 1 

2- [kkuk cank# vPpeEck 6 

3- Xkka/kkjh bjkorh doZs 15 

4- [kÌjiks'kh T+kQ+j tgk¡ csxe 24 

5- lqYrkuk dk liuk csxe #dS;k l[kkor gqlSu 27 

6- efgykvksa dh voufr csxe #dS;k l[kkor gqlSu 41 

7- tkfr lekt dh mRifÙk;k¡ vkSj vk;Z vkØe.k jksT+kfyaM vks* gSufyu 60 

v{kj Kku] lÙkk vkSj efgyk,¡ % 

8- ikWyks Ýsjs fe'ksy MCY;w- ,siy o vU; 68 

9- o;Ld vkSjrksa dh lk{kjrk vkSj f'k{kk % dqN pqukSfr;k¡ t;k 'kekZ 75 

10- lk{kjrk] lÙkk vkSj ukjhokn ekfyuh ?kks"k 84 

11- LFkkuh; Kku dk yksd ekfyuh ?kks"k 105 

12- Lo;a lgk;rk lewg % l'kDrhdj.k vkSj f'k{kk 'kqHky{eh uanh 119 

 

13- iq#"kRo vkSj L=hRo % vlyh gSa ;s fopkj oh- xhrk 133 

14- ;kSfudrk dk vkfo"dkj tsQjh ohDl 146 

15- vkuan vkSj [krjk % ;kSfudrk dh jktuhfr dh vksj dSjkWy ,l- okal 163 

16- jk"Vªokn dh tsaMj foMacuk,¡ % fopkj foe'kZ dh vksj rekj es;j 172 

ifjf'k"V 199 

fujarj

fujarj 

vkHkkj 

tsaMj vkSj f'k{kk jhMj ¼Hkkx 2½ esa ladfyr T+;knkrj jpuk,¡ igys izdkf'kr gks 

pqdh gSaA gesa [kq'kh gS fd fganh esa bu ys[kksa dks izdkf'kr djus ds fy, lHkh 

jpukdkjksa vkSj izdk'kdksa us lg"kZ vuqefr nhA blds fy, ge mu lcdk rgs fny 

ls vkHkkj izdV djrh gSaA uhps mudk fooj.k Øeokj fn;k tk jgk gSA 

n`f"Vfcanq] n`f"Vfcanq] Kku Kku vkSj vkSj ukjhokn 

ukjhokn 

Kku dk l`tu % 

[kkuk cank# vPpeEck ¼1901½] ^cank# vPpeEck 1874&1904*] 

ohesu jkbfVax bu bafM;k] laiknd lwt+h Fkk# o ds- yfyrk] fnYyh % 

vkWDlQksMZ ;wfuoflZVh izsl] 1995] i`"B 325&329 

xka/kkjh bjkorh dosZ ¼2007½] ^xka/kkjh* ;qxkar % n ,aM vkWQ ,u bikWd] 

gSnjkckn% vksfj,aV ykSaxeSu] i`"B 29&39 

lqYrkuk dk liuk csxe #dS;k l[kkor gqlSu ¼1905½] lqYrkukt+ Mªhe] 

psUubZ % rkjk ifCyf'kax ¼2005½ 

efgykvksa dh voufr csxe #dS;k l[kkor gqlSu ¼1921½] ^csxe #d+S;k 

l[kkor gqlSu ¼1880&1932½ % QsfefuT+e ,aM fj;fyT+e*] ohesu bu dkWUlVZ] 

laiknd 'kkghu v[rj vkSj ekSleh HkkSfed] dydÙkk % L=h 1998] i`"B 5&27 

tkfr lekt dh mRifÙk;k¡ vkSj vk;Z vkØe.k jkst+fyaM vks* gSufyu ¼1985½] 

^n vk;Zu buost+al ,aM n vksfjftal vkWQ dkLV lkslk;Vh]* dkLV dkWufyDV 

,aM vkbfM;ksykWth] yanu % dSafczt ;wfuoflZVh izsl] i`"B 141&151 

v{kj Kku] lÙkk vkSj efgyk,¡ % 

ikWyks Ýsjs fe'ksy MCY;w- ,siy o vU; ¼2004½] îkWyks Ýsjs 1921&1997* 

fQVh xzsV ekWMuZ fFkadlZ vkWu ,tqds'ku % ÝkWe ikbxsV Vw n izst+saV] laiknd 

tkW; ,- ikej] yanu % jryst] i`"B 128&132 

lk{kjrk lÙkk vkSj ukjhokn ekfyuh ?kks"k ¼2002½] ^fyVjslh ikoj ,aM 

Q+sfefuT+e* bDukWfed ,aM ikWfyfVdy ohdyh] eqacbZ] 27 vizSy] 2002] 

i`"B 1615&1620

iq#"kRo vkSj L=hRo % vlyh gSa ;s fopkj oh- xhrk ¼2006½] êSLD;wfyfuVh 

,aM QsfefuVh% vkbfM;kt+ vkj fj;y*] tsaMj] dydÙkk % L=h] i`"B 38&50 

;kSfudrk dk vkfo"dkj tsQjh ohDl ¼2003½] ^n buosa'ku vkWQ lsDlq,fyVh* 

lsDlq,fyVh] yanu % jryst] i`"B 12&45 

vkuan vkSj [krjk dSjkWy ,l- okal ¼1984½] Îyst+j ,aM Msatj % VqoM~Zt+ , 

ikWfyfVDl vkWQ lsDlq,fyVh*] Iyst+j ,aM Msatj % ,DlIYkksfjaax Qhesy lsDlq,fyVh 

laiknd dSjkWy ,l- okal] yanu % jryst o dsxu ikWy] i`"B 1&24 

jk"Vªokn dh tsaMj foMacuk,¡ % fopkj&foe'kZ dh vksj rekj es;j ¼2000½] 

^tsaMj vkbjuht+ vkWQ us'kufyT+e % lsafVx n LVst*] tsaMj vkbjuht+ vkWQ 

us'kufyT+e % lsfDlax n us'ku] laiknd rekj es;j] yanu % jryst] 

i`"B 1&24 

fujarj

ifjp; 

ifjp; 

;g jhMj tsaMj vkSj f'k{kk ls tqM+h jpukvksa ds ladyu dk nwljk Hkkx gSA 

bu nksuksa Hkkxksa esa gekjh ps"Vk ;g jgh gS fd vc rd tsaMj vkSj f'k{kk lacaèkh 

foe'kZ dks ftl rjg ijLij vyx&vyx [kkuksa esa j[k dj ns[kk tkrk jgk 

gS] ml lksp ls vkxs tkdj mUgsa ,d&nwljs ds lkFk tksM+ dj ns[kk tk,A 

blhfy, izLrqr Hkkx esa Hkh fuca/kksa] Hkk"k.kksa vkSj thofu;ksa ds :i esa ukuk 

izdkj dh lS)kafrd o lkfgfR;d lkexzh bdëk dh xbZ gSA ;g lkexzh f'k{kk 

ds vuqHkoksa dk ,d cgqjaxh fp= izLrqr djrh gS ftlesa jpukdkjksa dh 

lkekftd vofLFkfr izfrfcafcr gksrh gSSA gekjk ekuuk gS fd tsaMj] ;kSfudrk] 

oxZ] tkfr vkSj èkeZ vkfn bu lHkh ds lkFk f'k{kk vfoHkkT; :i ls c¡èkh gksrh 

gSA jhMj ds bl Hkkx esa ge mu izfØ;kvksa dks ns[kus dh dksf'k'k dj jgh 

gSa ftudh ekQZr fdlh ,sfrgkfld {k.k esa f'k{kk fodflr gksrh gS & ;kuh 

lekt fdlh [kkl dky esa f'k{kk dh D;k t+:jr eglwl djrk gS] fdl 

rjg ds vkSjr vkSj enZ dks vkn'kZ ekuk tkrk gS] fdlh [kkl ekSds ij fdl 

rjg ds jk"Vª ;k leqnk; ;k ifjokj dks vfuok;Z ekuk tkrk gSA 

f'k{kk dk ,d egÙoiw.kZ vk;ke ;g r; djuk jgk gS fd dkSu ls Kku 

dks oSèk vkSj izlkj ds ;ksX; ekuk tk ldrk gSA f'k{kk ml oS/k ekus tkusokys 

Kku esa lÙkk dk cksèk iSnk dj nsrh gSA fygkt+k èkhjs&èkhjs dqN [kkl rjg 

dh fyf[kr lkexzh vkSj dqN [kkl fopkjksa & ,sfrgkfld] oSKkfud] èkkfeZd] 

lkfgfR;d & dks oSèkrk vkSj fo'oluh;rk fey tkrh gSA izLrqr Hkkx esa geus 

tks jpuk,¡ 'kkfey dh gSa os blh ckr dks mtkxj djus ij dsafnzr gSa fd ;g 

Kku dSls jpk tkrk gSA bl dke ds fy, geus ^n`f"Vfcanq* ds fl)kar dh 

ijrsa [kksyus dk iz;kl fd;k gSA geus bl ckr dks le>us dk iz;kl fd;k 

gS fd vki dkSu gSa vkSj lekt esa dgk¡ [kM+s gSa] blls Hkh ;g ckr dkQh gn 

rd r; gks tkrh gS fd vki pht+ksa dks dSls ns[ksaxs vkSj vki dSlk Kku jpsaxsA


viii 

fujarj 

tc Kku dk l`tu djusokys os yksx gksrs gSa tks lÙkk esa ugha gSa ;kuh tc 

os jktk] iqjksfgr] vehj] lo.kZ iq#"k] lkezkT;oknh oxSjg ugha gksrs gSa rks D;k 

gksrk gS\ tc fy[kus okyh dye ,sls rkdroj yksxksa ds gkFkksa esa ugha] cfYd 

ukjhoknh ysf[kdkvksa o bfrgkldkjksa ds ekè;e ls eqfLye vkSjrksa] nfyr enks± 

;k vkfnoklh efgykvksa ds gkFk esa fn[kkbZ nsrh gS rks gesa ,d vyx vkokt+ 

lqukbZ iM+rh gS ;k gesa i dks 

vfuok;Z ekurh gSaA 

jhMj dk ;g Hkkx nks bdkb;ksa esa foHkkftr gS & n`f"Vfcanq] Kku vkSj 

ukjhokn rFkk A igyh bdkbZ esa gkf'k;s ij 

[kM+s yksxksa ds n`f"Vfcanq ls jps x, Kku dks fy;k x;k gSA vkSj ;g fn[kkus 

dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gS fd fdlh [kkl ekSds ij ftl Kku dks oSèk] LFkkfir 

;k LokHkkfod eku fy;k x;k Fkk og fdruk Hkaxqj vkSj vius le; ij 

vkfJr FkkA blesa ladfyr cgqr lkjh jpuk,¡ viuh rh[kh lekykspuk ;k 

pht+ksa dks ckdk;nk flj ds cy [kM+k djds u dsoy ns[kus dk u;k ut+fj;k 

izLrqr djrh gSa] cfYd bl ckr dks Hkh mtkxj djrh gSa fd lewpk Kku dgha 

u dgha vofLFkr gS] og fujis{k ugha gksrkA bl bdkbZ esa ;g Hkh js[kkafdr 

fd;k x;k gS fd vkfFkZd vkSj lkekftd lÙkk dh lajpuk,¡ viuh lkjh 

rkdr dks opZLodkjh Kku dks lhapus esa D;ksa yxk nsrh gSa vkSj os tkuus ds 

vU; rjhdksa dks D;ksa vks>y dj nsrh gSaA fujarj ds vU; dkeksa esa geus bl 

Qyd dks foLrkj nsrs gq, o;Ld] [kklrkSj ls o;Ld efgykvksa dh f'k{kk dks 

'kkfey fd;k gSA bl ifjfèk esa ge bls fofHkUu Kku O;oLFkkvksa ds chp 

[khaprku ds :i esa ns[krh gSaA 

igyh bdkbZ n`f"Vfcanq] Kku vkSj ukjhokn ds nks fgLls gSa & Kku 

dk l`tu rFkk v{kj Kku] lÙkk vkSj efgyk,¡A igys fgLls esa ^n`f"Vfcanq 

fl)kar dh le>* ij dsafnzr ,d voèkkj.kkRed ikB dk bLrseky djrs gq, 

;g fn[kk;k x;k gS fd [kkl rjg ds ys[ku esa [kkl rjg dk ut+fj;k D;ksa 

fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA ;gk¡ geus lqèkkjd csxe #dS;k l[kkor gqlSu] bfrgkldkj 

cank# vPpeEck] ysf[kdk bjkorh dosZ vkSj lekt lqèkkjd T;ksfrck Qqys dh 

jpukvksa dks fy;k gSA bu jpukvksa dks i

gkf'k;kdj.k ds fdlh vuqHko ls xqt+jus vkSj mldh vkykspukRed le>nkjh 

fodflr djus ds ckn geesa ml Kku dks ,dne iyV nsus vkSj u, fljs 

ls ns[kus dh xqatkb'k curh gSA ftu dgkfu;ksa dks ge ckj&ckj lqu pqdh 

gSa mudks u, o vkykspukRed


x 

fujarj 

dks muds thou vkSj ;FkkFkZ ds bnZ&fxnZ lw=c) fd;k tk, rks mlesa fdl 

rjg dh lÙkk fufgr gksrh gSA ikWyks Ýsjs us foosdhdj.k dk tks fl)kar fn;k 

gS mlesa lekt esa vius LFkku@mRihM+u dh psruk dk Hkko vkSj vius 

mRihM+u ds f[kykQ dne mBkus dh lkeF;Z cgqr egÙoiw.kZ gSA ge ukjhoknh 

f'k{kkfonksa ds fy, ;g f'k{kk'kkL= vkSj blds }kjk dh xbZ lÙkk o lkekftd 

uds ek/;e ls tsaMj vkSj ;kSfudrk tSlh voèkkj.kkvksa dks jk"Vª ds foLr`r 

lanHkZ esa j[kdj ns[krs gq, mudh lS)kafrd le>nkjh x dks foLrkj nsrk gS vkSj bUgsa tsaMj vkèkkfjr ,oa 

fyax vk/kkfjr voèkkj.kkvksa ds :i esa fpfàr djrk gS tgk¡ iq#"kksa dks vfèkdkj 

vkSj fL=;ksa dks nkf;Ro lkSais x, gSaA ;kSfudrk ij tsQjh ohDl vkSj dSjkWy 

,l- okal dh jpuk,¡ vius vki esa ehy dk iRFkj gSaA mUgksaus ;kSfudrk dks 

îzkÑfrd* vkSj ^LokHkkfod* dh ifjfèk ls ckgj ykdj ,sfrgkfld vkSj 

jktuhfrd fufeZfr;ksa ds :i esa LFkkfir dj fn;k gS ftuds lkFk lkekftd 

tksM+rksM+ vkSj fo[kaMu dh izfØ;k ges'kk pyrh jgrh gSA 

fujarj] 2011

lqYrkuk dk liuk 

csxe #dS;k l[kkor gqlSu 

,d 'kke eSa vius lksus ds dejs esa ,d eqyk;e dqlhZ ij vkjke dj jgh Fkh vkSj 

fganqLrkuh vkSjrksa ds gkykr ds ckjs esa lksp jgh FkhA eq>s ;kn ugha gS fd eq>s >idh 

vk xbZ Fkh ;k ughaA ysfdu tgk¡ rd ;kn gS] eSa fcYdqy gh txh gqbZ FkhA eSaus 

lkQ&lkQ pk¡n dh jks'kuh ls ugk, ml vkleku dks ns[kk Fkk] tgk¡ gt+kjksa rkjs 

f>yfeyk jgs FksA 

vpkud esjs lkeus ,d vkSjr vk [kM+h gks xbZA dSls og vkbZ] eSa ugha 

tkurhA eSaus mls viuh nksLr flLVj lkjk le>kA flLVj lkjk us dgk] Þlckg 

vy [kSj!Þ eSa eu gh eu eqLdqjkbZ D;ksafd eSa tkurh Fkh fd og lqcg ugha] cfYd 

rkjksa ls lth jkr FkhA fQj Hkh eSaus tokc fn;k] Þrqe dSlh gks\Þ 

Þ'kqfØ;k] eSa fcYdqy Bhd gw¡A D;k esgjckuh dj rqe ckgj vkvksxh vkSj gekjs 

ckx ij ut+j Mkyksxh\Þ eSaus fQj [kqyh f[kM+fd;ksa ls pk¡n dks fugkjk vkSj lkspk 

fd ml le; ckgj tkus esa dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA ml le; ckgj enZ ukSdj yksx 

xgjh uhan esa Fks vkSj eSa flLVj lkjk ds lkFk ,d [kq'kxokj lSj dj ldrh FkhA 

tc ge nkftZfyax esa Fks] rc eSa flLVj lkjk ds lkFk lSj djrh FkhA ogk¡ ge 

daiuh ckx ¼cksVSfudy xkMZu½ esa fdruh gh ckj gkFk esa gkFk Mky lSj djrs Fks 

vkSj csfQØ gksdj [kq'kh&[kq'kh ckrphr djrs jgrs FksA esjs rlOoqj esa vk;k fd 

'kk;n lkjk ,sls gh fdlh ckx esa ys tkus ds fy, eq>s cqykus vkbZ gSA eSaus rqjar 

mldh is'kxh dqcwy dj yh vkSj mlds lkFk pyh xbZA 

lSj djrs oDr eq>s rkTtqc gqvk fd og rks ,d [kqclwjr lqcg FkhA 'kgj 

iwjh rjg txk Fkk vkSj xfy;k¡ pyrs&fQjrs yksxksa dh HkhM+ ls Hkjh FkhA eSa iwjs fnu 

^lqYrkukt+ Mªhe* dgkuh dk jathr vfHkKku }kjk fd;k x;k vuqokn 

5


28 

fujarj 

ds mtkys esa xyh ls xqT+kj jgh Fkh] ;g lkspdj eq>s dkQh 'kje eglwl g¨ jgh 

FkhA ysfdu ogk¡ ,d Hkh enZ fn[k ugha jgk FkkA 

ogk¡ ls xqt+jusokfy¸kksa esa ls dqN us esjs Åij QCrh dlhA gkyk¡fd eSa mudh 

t++qcku dks le> ugha ldh] fQj Hkh eSaus eglwl fd;k fd os t+:j gh esjk et+kd 

mM+k jgh FkhaA eSaus viuh nksLr ls iwNk] Þos D;k dg jgh Fkha\Þ 

ÞvkSjrsa dgrh gSa fd rqe cgqr enkZuk fn[krh gksAÞ 

eSaus dgk] ÞenkZuk\ mudk eryc D;k gS\Þ 

Þmudk eryc gS fd rqe enks± dh rjg ythyh vkSj ukt++qd gksAÞ 

Þenks± dh rjg ythyh vkSj ukt++qd\Þ 

lpeqp og ,d et+kd FkkA eSa dkQh ijs'kku gks xbZ tc eq>s irk pyk fd 

esjh gejkgh flLVj lkjk ugha] cfYd ,d vtuch gSA vksg] eSa dSlh csodwQ Fkh 

fd eSaus ml vkSjr dks viuh I;kjh iqjkuh nksLr flLVj lkjk le> fy;k FkkA ge 

gkFk esa gkFk Mky ?kwe jgs Fks] mlus eglwl fd;k fd mlds gkFk esa esjh maxfy;k¡ 

FkjFkjk jgh FkhaA 

mlus I;kj ls iwNk] Þckr D;k gS\Þ eSaus [ksn t+kfgj djus ds vankt+ esa dgk] 

ÞeSa dqN vthc eglwl dj jgh gw¡A ,d inkZu'khu vkSjr gksus dh otg ls fcuk 

insZ ds ?kweus dh vknh ugha gw¡AÞ 

ÞrqEgsa ;gk¡ fdlh enZ ds lkeus vk tkuss ls ?kcjkus dh t+:jr ugha gSA ;g 

vkSjrksa dh nqfu;k ¼ysMhySaM½ gS] xqukg vkSj pksV ls vkt+knA [kqn [kqf'k;k¡ ;gk¡ jkt 

djrh gSaAÞ 

tYn gh eSa ml uT+kkjs dk eT+kk ysus yxhA lpeqp og 'kkunkj FkkA eSaus gjh 

?kkl dh ,d D;kjh dks e[keyh xn~nk le> fy;k FkkA eSa eglwl dj jgh Fkh 

fd eSa fdlh eqyk;e njh ij Vgy jgh gw¡A vpkud esjh ut+j uhps dh vksj xbZ 

vkSj eSaus jkLrs dks dkbZ vkSj Qwyksa ls Hkjk ik;kA eSaus dgk] Þfdruk [kwclwjr gS ;g!Þ 

ÞD;k rqe bls ilan djrh gks\Þ flLVj lkjk us iwNk ¼eSaus mls flLVj lkjk 

dguk gh tkjh j[kk vkSj og eq>s esjs uke ls iqdkjrh jgh½A 

Þgk¡] cgqr T+;knk ysfdu eSa uje vkSj [kqclwjr Qwyksa ij pyuk ugha pkgrhAÞ 

ÞI;kjh lqYrkuk] bldh fQØ er djksA rqEgkjs pyus ls bUgsa uqdlku ugha 

igq¡psxkA ;s lM+d ds Qwy gSaAÞ

eSaus rkjhQ djrs gq, dgk] Þ;g iwjh txg ,d ckx dh rjg fn[krh gSA rqe 

yksxksa us gj ikS/ks dks dkQh djhus ls ltk;k gSAÞ 

ÞrqEgkjk dydÙkk blls Hkh T+;knk [kqclwjr ckx cu ldrk FkkA vxj rqEgkjs 

oru ds enZ oSlk cukuk pkgrsAÞ 

Þtc muds ikl dkQh lkjh nwljh pht+sa djus ds fy, gSa] rks os ckxokuh dks 

bruh T+;knk roTtks nsus dks fQtwy le>saxsAÞ 

mlus g¡lrs gq, dgk] ÞmUgsa blls csgrj vkSj dksbZ cgkuk ugha fey ldrkAÞ 

eSa ;g tkuus ds fy, dkQh mRlqd gks xbZ fd ogk¡ enZ dgk¡ gSaA ogk¡ ?kwers 

gq, eSa ,d lkS ls T+;knk vkSjrksa ls fey pqdh Fkh] ysfdu ,d Hkh enZ ls ugha 

feyh FkhA 

eSaus iwNk] ÞenZ dgk¡ gSa\Þ 

Þviuh okftc txgksa ij] tgk¡ mUgsa gksuk pkfg,AÞ 

Þesgjckuh dj eq>s crkvks fd ^mudh okftc txgksa ij* ls rqEgkjk D;k 

eryc gS\Þ 

Þvks! eq>ls xyrh gks xbZA rqe gekjs fjoktksa dks ugha tkurha D;ksafd blds 

igys rqe ;gk¡ dHkh vkbZ gh ughaA ge vius enks± dks ?kj ds Hkhrj can j[krh gSaAÞ 

ÞBhd oSls gh tSls gesa t+ukuk esa j[kk tkrk gS\Þ 

ÞfcYdqy oSls ghAÞ 

Þfdruh et+snkj ckr gSAÞ eSa g¡lh ls yksViksV gks xbZA lkjk Hkh g¡lus yxhA 

og cksyh] Þysfdu I;kjh lqYrkuk! fdruk equkflc gS uqdlku ugha igq¡pkusokyh 

vkSjrksa dks can djuk vkSj enks± dks Nqêk NksM+ nsukAÞ 

ÞD;ksa\ gekjs fy, T+kukuk ls ckgj fudyuk lqjf{kr ugha gSA ge dqnjrh rkSj 

ij det+ksj gSaAÞ 

Þgk¡] lqjf{kr ugha gSA ij rc rd tc rd lM+dksa ij enZ gSaA rc Hkh ugha 

tc ,d taxyh tkuoj ckt+kj esa vk tkrk gSAÞ 

ÞfcYdqy ughaAÞ 

Þeku yks ikxy[kkus ls dqN ikxy Hkkx fudyrs gSa vkSj enks±] ?kksM+ksa vkSj vU; 

thoksa ls lHkh rjg dh 'kSrkuh djus yxrs gSaA ml oDr rqEgkjs oruokys D;k djsaxs\Þ 

n`f"Vfcnq] Kku vkSj ukjhokn 

29 

a 

fujarj


30 

fujarj 

Þos mUgsa dkcw esa djus dh dksf'k'k djsaxs vkSj fQj ls ikxy[kkus igq¡pk nsaxsAÞ 

Þ'kqfØ;k! vkSj rqe le>nkj y¨xksa d¨ ikxy[kkus esa j[kus vkSj ikxy y¨xä 

dks Nqêk NksM+us dks cqf)ekuh ugha le>rha\Þ 

eSaus gYds ls g¡lrs gq, dgk] ÞfcYdqy ugha!Þ 

Þnjvly rqEgkjs eqYd esa ;gh rks fd;k tkrk gSA enZ dks] tks 'kSrkuh djrs 

gSa ;k de ls de fdlh Hkh rjg dh 'kSrkuh djus ds dkfcy gksrs gSa] Nqêk NksM+ 

fn;k tkrk gS vkSj csdlwj vkSjrksa dks ^t+ukuk* esa can dj fn;k tkrk gSA dSls rqe 

ckgj jgusokys mu csykSl enks± ij ;dhu dj ldrh gks\Þ 

Þlekth ekeyksa esa gekjk dksbZ gkFk ;k n[ky ugha gSA fganqLrku esa enZ gh 

[kqnk vkSj ekfyd gS] mlus lkjh rkdrsa vkSj [kkl&[kkl gd vius ikl j[k fy, 

gSa vkSj vkSjrksa dks t+ukuk esa can dj fn;k gSAÞ 

ÞD;ksa rqe vius vki dks can dj nsus dh btkt+r nsrh gks\Þ 

ÞD;ksafd blds flok dqN ugha fd;k tk ldrkA os vkSjrksa ls T+;knk 

et+cwr gSaAÞ 

Þ,d 'ksj ,d enZ ls T+;knk et+cwr gksrk gS] ysfdu blls og bUlkuh uLy 

ds Åij ncnck dk;e djus yk;d ugha gks tkrkA rqe yksxksaa us vius izfr vius 

Qt+Z dh vuns[kh dh gS vkSj vius Qk;nksa ls vk¡[ksa e¡wn dj vius iSnkb'kh gdksa 

dks [kks fn;k gSÞ 

Þysfdu esjh I;kjh lkjk] vxj ge [kqn gh lc dqN djsa] rc enZ D;k djsaxs\Þ 

Þeq>s ekQ djuk] ij mUgsa dqN Hkh ugha djuk pkfg,A os dqN Hkh djus ds 

yk;d ugha gSaA flQZ mUgsa idM+ks vkSj t+ukuk esa Mky nksAÞ 

eSaus dgk] Þysfdu D;k mUgsa idM+uk vkSj pkj nhokjksa ds Hkhrj Mky nsuk csgn 

vklku gksxk\ vkSj vxj ,slk dj Hkh fn;k x;k rks D;k muds lkjs dkjksckj & 

fl;klh vkSj frtkjrh&Hkh muds lkFk t+ukuk esa pys tk,¡xs\Þ 

flLVj lkjk us dksbZ tokc ugha fn;kA og flQZ ean&ean eqLdqjkrh jghA 

'kk;n mlus lkspk gksxk fd ,sls fdlh ls cgl djuk csdkj gS tks ,d dq,¡ esa 

iM+s esa

ls cuh FkhA gekjh fdlh Hkh 'kkunkj bekjrksa ls og T+;knk BaMk vkSj [kwclwjr FkkA 

eSa crk ugha ldrh fd og fdrus lyhds ls cuk;k vkSj ltk;k x;k FkkA 

ge nksuksa vxy&cxy cSB x,A og cSBd[kkus ls d'khnk fd;k gqvk ,d 

diM+k ys vkbZ vkSj ml ij ,d ubZ rLohj mrkjus yxhA 

mlus iwNk] ÞD;k rqe cqukbZ vkSj flykbZ tkurh gks\Þ 

Þgk¡A blds vykok gesa vius t+ukuk esa dqN Hkh vkSj djus dks ugha gksrkAÞ 

mlus g¡lrs gq, dgk] Þysfdu ge d'khnsdkjh ds ekeys esa vius t+ukuk 

esEcjku ij ;dhu ugha djrs D;ksafd enZ ds ikl bruk Hkh lcz ugha gksrk fd og 

lqbZ ds Nsn esa /kkxk rd ?kqlk ldsAÞ 

d'khnsdkjh fd, gq, diM+ksa ds cgqrsjs VqdM+ksa dh rjQ b'kkjk djrs gq, eSaus 

mlls iwNk] ÞD;k ;g lc dke rqeus [kqn fd;k gS\Þ 

Þgk¡AÞ 

ÞdSls rqEgsa ;g lc djus ds fy, le; fey ikrk gS\ rqEgsa rks nrj dk dke 

Hkh djuk gksrk gS] D;k ugha djuk gksrk\Þ 

Þgk¡] exj eSa iwjs fnu iz;ksx'kkyk ls fpidh ugha jgrhA eSa viuk dke nks ?kaVs 

esa iwjk dj ysrh gw¡AÞ 

Þnks ?kaVs esa! dSls dj ikrh gks\ gekjs ;gk¡ rks vQljku] elyu eftLVªsV gj 

fnu lkr ?kaVs rd dke djrs gSaAÞ 

ÞeSaus muesa ls dqN dks viuk dke djrs ns[kk gSA D;k rqEgsa yxrk gS fd os 

iwjs lkr ?kaVs rd dke djrs gSa\Þ 

Þt+:j gh os ,slk djrs gSaAÞ 

Þugha] I;kjh lqYrkuk os ,slk ugha djrsA os pq:V ihus esa viuk oDr t+k;k 

djrs gSaA dqN nrj ds oDr nks ;k rhu pq:V ihrs gSaA os vius dke ds ckjs esa 

cgqr lkjh ckrsa djrs gSa] ysfdu djrs de gSaA eku yks ,d pq:V cq>us esa vk/kk 

?kaVk ysrk gS vkSj ,d enZ gj fnu ckjg pq#V ihrk gSA bl rjg og gj fnu 

fQt+wy gh Ng ?kaVs cckZn djrk gSAÞ 

geus cgqrsjs eqn~nksa ij ckrphr dh vkSj eq>s ekywe gqvk fd mlds ;gk¡ yksx 

fdlh Hkh rjg dh QSyusokyh chekjh ds f'kdkj ugha gSa vkSj u gh gekjh rjg os 


31 

a 

fujarj


32 

fujarj 

ePNjksa dk Mad >syrs gSaA 

eq>s ;g lqudj dkQh gSjkuh gqbZ fd ogk¡ dHkh&dHkh gksusokys gknls dks 

NksM+dj dHkh dksbZ tokuh esa ugha ejrkA 

mlus eq>ls iwNk] ÞD;k rqe gekjs jlksbZ?kj dks ns[kus dh rdyhQ djksxh\Þ 

eSaus dgk] Þ[kq'kh lsAÞ vkSj ge mls ns[kus x,A tc eSa ogk¡ tk jgh Fkh] rc 

t+:j gh ogk¡ ls enks± dks gV tkus ds fy, dgk x;k FkkA jlksbZ?kj lfCt+;ksa ds 

,d lqanj cxhps esa cuk FkkA gj yrk] gj VekVj dk ikS/kk] vius vki esa ltkoV 

tSlk fn[k jgk FkkA eq>s jlksbZ?kj esa u rks /kqvk¡ feyk vkSj u gh dksbZ fpeuh feyhA 

og lkQ&lqFkjk vkSj pednkj FkkA f[kM+fd;k¡ Qwyksa dh yfM+;ksa ls lth FkhaA ogk¡ 

dks;ys ;k vkx dk dksbZ fu'kku ugha FkkA 

eSaus iwNk] Þrqe Hkkstu dSls cukrh gks\Þ 

mlus dgk] Þlwjt dh ÅtkZ lsÞ vkSj mlh oDr mlus eq>s og ikbi fn[kk;k 

ftlls gksdj lwjt dh xk

tkrk FkkA jkt/kkuh esa tgk¡ gekjh jkuh jgrh gSa] nks tkfe;k gSaA buesa ls ,d us 

cgqr gh [kwclwjr ,d xqCckjs dk fuekZ.k fd;k gSA ml xqCckjs ds lkFk vusd ikbi 

tksM+ fn, x, gSa vkSj mls cknyksa dh nqfu;k ds Åij rSjus ds fy, N¨M+ fn;k gSsA 

bl can xqCckjs ds t+fj, euekfQd ikuh [khapk tk ldrk gSA pw¡fd tkfe;k ds 

yksx yxkrkj ikuh [khaprs tk jgs Fks] ml otg ls vc ogk¡ ckny curs gh ughaA 

tkfe;k dh ysMh fizafliy dh ml [kkst us ckfj'k vkSj rwQku ij jksd yxk nhAÞ 

eSaus dgk] Þlpeqp! vc eSa le>h fd D;ksa ;gk¡ ij dhpM+ ugha gSAÞ 

ysfdu eSa le> ugha ldh fd dSls ikbiksa esa ikuh tek djuk eqefdu gks 

ldrk gSA mlus eq>s foLrkj ls crk;k fd dSls og dke fd;k x;k] ysfdu eSa 

mls le>us esa ukdkfcy gh jgh D;ksafd esjk oSKkfud Kku cgqr de FkkA fQj 

Hkh og crkrh xbZ % 

Þtc nwljs tkfe;k dks bldk irk pyk rks os cgqr T+;knk bZ";kZ djus yxs 

vkSj ogk¡ ds yksxksa us dqN T+;knk csgrj djus dh dksf'k'k dhA mUgksaus ,d ;a= dh 

[kkst dh ftlls os ftruk pkgrha] mruh lwjt dh ÅtkZ bdëk dj ysrhaA mUgksaus 

ml ÅtkZ dks lafpr fd;k rkfd t+:jr ds vuqlkj nwljksa dks og ÅtkZ fey ldsA 

tgk¡ ,d RkjQ vkSjrsa oSKkfud 'kks/k esa yxh Fkha] ogÈ nwljh RkjQ bl eqYd 

ds enZ viuh QkSth rkdr cs crkvks fd 

dSls rqeus vius eqYd ds enks± dks t+ukuk esa Mkyus dk bartke fd;kA D;k igys 

mUgsa idM+k x;k\Þ 

ÞughaAÞ 

Þyxrk ugha fd mu lc us viuh bPNk ls viuh vkt+kn [kqyh goknkj 

fT+kanxh NksM+ nh gksxh vkSj vius vki dks ^t+ukuk* dh pkjnhokfj;ksa ds Hkhrj can 

dj fy;k gksxkA mUgsa t+:j gh dkcw esa fd;k x;k gksxkAÞ 

Þgk¡] ,slk muds lkFk fd;k x;k gSAÞ 

Þfdlds T+kfj,\ eq>s yxrk gS] dqN t+ukuk yM+kdqvksa ds t+fj,\Þ 

Þugha] gfFk;kj ds ne ij ughaAÞ 


33 

a 

fujarj


34 

fujarj 

Þgk¡] oSlk rks gks ugha ldrkA enks± ds gfFk;kj rks vkSjrksa ds gfFk;kjksa ls T+;knk 

et+cwr gksrs gSaA rc\Þ 

Þfnekx lsAÞ 

Þmuds fnekx Hkh rks vkSjrksa ds fnekx ls T+;knk cM+s vkSj ot+unkj gSaA 

D;k ugha\Þ 

Þgk¡] ysfdu mldk D;k\ ,d gkFkh Hkh ,d enZ ls T+;knk cM+k vkSj ot+unkj 

fnekx j[krk gSA fQj Hkh enZ gkfFk;ksa dks ck¡/k ldrk gS vkSj viuh [kqn dh pkgrksa 

ds eqrkfcd mUgsa gk¡d ldrk gSAÞ 

Þcgqr [kwc dgk] ysfdu esgjckuh dj eq>s crkvks fd dSls vlfy;r esa ;g 

lc gqvkA eSa tkuus ds fy, csdjkj gw¡AÞ 

ÞvkSjrksa ds fnekx enks± ds fnekx ls dqN T+;knk rst+ gksrs gSaA nl lky igys 

tc QkSth vQljkuksa us gekjh oSKkfud [kkstksa dks ^,d Hkkoqd [kkSQukd liuk* 

dgk Fkk] rc dqN ukStoku vkSjrsa tokc esa dqN dguk pkgrh FkhaA ysfdu nksuksa 

ysMh fizafliyksa us mUgsa jksd fn;k vkSj dgk fd mUgsa t++qcku ls ugha] cfYd dke 

ls tokc nsuk pkfg,] vxj dHkh mUgsa ekSdk feyrk gS rksA vkSj vkSjrksa dks ml ekSds 

dk yack barT+kkj djuk ugha iM+kAÞ 

eSaus [kq'kh ls rkyh ctkbZ] Þfdruk lqanjA vkSj vc os ?keaMh enZ [kqn gh Hkkoqd 

[kkSQukd liuksa esa th jgs gSaAÞ 

Þmlds rqjar ckn ,d iM+kslh eqYd ls dqN yksx vk, vkSj mUgksaus gekjs ;gk¡ 

iukg yhA dqN fl;klh tqeZ djus dh otg ls os yksx eqf'dy esa FksA ml iM+kslh 

eqYd ds ckn'kkg us tks vPNh gqdwer pykus ls T+;knk rkdr gkfly djus ds fy, 

fQØean Fkk] gekjh usdfny jkuh ls dgk fd os iukgxqt+hjksa dks muds vQljkuksa 

dks lkSai nsA gekjh jkuh us badkj dj fn;k D;ksafd iukgxqt+hjksa dks lqiqnZ djuk 

gekjs mlwyksa ds f[kykQ FkkA bl badkj dh otg ls ml ckn'kkg us gekjs eqYd 

ds f[kykQ tax dk ,syku dj fn;kA 

gekjs QkSth vQljku rqjar gh eqLrSn gks x, vkSj mUgksaus nq'euksa dk eqdkcyk 

djus ds fy, dwp fd;kA ysfdu nq'eu muds Åij dkQh et+cwr iM+sA blesa lansg 

ugha fd gekjs QkSft;ksa us cgknqjh ls yM+kbZ yM+hA yssfdu mudh iwjh cgknqjh ds 

ckotwn fons'kh QkSt gekjs eqYd ij geyk djus ds fy, dne&nj&dne vkxs 

c

djhc&djhc lkjs enZ yM+us ds fy, fudy x, FksA ;gk¡ rd fd ,d lksyg 

lky dk yM+dk Hkh ?kj esa ugha FkkA gekjs vf/kdka'k yM+kdw ekjs x,] ckdh dks ihNs 

qds vkSj eq[kkyQr dk ,d yt+ cksys fcuk 


35 

a 

fujarj


36 

fujarj 

t+ukuk esa nkf[ky gks x,A mUgsa iDdk ;dhu Fkk fd eqYd ds fy, fcYdqy gh dksbZ 

mEehn ugha cph gSA 

mlds ckn ysMh fizafliy us vius nks gT+kkj fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds lkFk tax ds eSnku 

dh vksj dwp fd;k vkSj ogk¡ igq¡pdj lwjt dh fdj.kksa vkSj ladsafnzr ÅtkZ dks 

nq'euksa dh vksj ?kqek fn;kA og vkx vkSj jks'kuh bruh T+;knk Fkh fd nq'eu mls 

cnkZ'r ugha dj ik,A os Hkkjh my>u esa le> gh ugha ik, fd dSls ml >qylrh 

vkx dk eqdkcyk fd;k tk,A vkSj os lc Mj ls dk¡irs gq, Hkkx [kM+s gq,A tc 

nq'eu viuh canwdksa vkSj tax ds nwljs gfFk;kjksa dks NksM+dj Hkkx jgs Fks] rc mu 

lcdks lwjt dh mlh vkx ls tykdj [kRe dj fn;k x;kA ml ?kVuk ds ckn 

dHkh Hkh fdlh us gekjs eqYd ij geyk djus dh dksf'k'k ugha dhAÞ 

ÞvkSj mlds ckn rqEgkjs oru ds enks± us dHkh Hkh t+ukuk ls ckgj vkus dh 

dksf'k'k ugha dh\Þ eSaus iwNkA 

mlus dgk] Þgk¡] os vkT+kkn gksuk pkgrs FksA iqfyl dfe'ujksa vkSj ft+yk 

eftLVªsVksa esa ls dqN us jkuh ds ikl ckr igq¡pkbZ fd t+:j gh ukdkeh ds fy, 

QkSth vQljkuksa dks dSn fd;k tkuk pkfg,] exj mUgksaus rks dHkh Hkh vius Qt+Z 

dh vuns[kh ugha dh vkSj blfy, mUgsa lt+k ugha nh tkuh pkfg, vkSj vius&vius 

nrjksa esa fQj ls cgky djuk pkfg,A 

jkuh us ,d ldqZyj Hkstdj mUgsa bÙkyk nh fd vxj dHkh mudh f[kner 

dh t+:jr gksxh rks mUgsa nrjksa esa Hkstk tk,xkA vkSj rc rd mUgsa ogha jguk 

pkfg, tgk¡ os vHkh gSaA 

vc tc os inkZ O;oLFkk ds vknh gks x, gSa vkSj mUgksaus viuh vygnxh ij 

f'kdos djuk can dj fn;k gS] ge ml O;oLFkk dks ^t+ukuk* ds ctk, ênkZuk* 

dgrh gSaAÞ 

eSaus lkjk ls iwNk] Þysfdu iqfyl ;k eftLVªsV ds fcuk rqe yksx pksjh ;k dRy 

ds ekeys fdl rjg lqy>krh gks\Þ mlus dgk] Þtc ls ênkZuk* O;oLFkk dk;e 

gqbZ gS] rc ls gekjs ;gk¡ dksbZ tqeZ ;k xqukg ugha gqvk gSA blfy, gesa eqtfje dks 

idM+us ds fy, fdlh enZ iqfyl dh t+:jr ugha gS vkSj u gh ge fdlh tqeZ ds 

fuiVkjs ds fy, dksbZ eftLVªsV j[kuk pkgrh gSaAÞ 

Þlpeqp ;g cgqr vPNk gSA eq>s yxrk gS fd vxj dksbZ csbZeku Hkh gksxk 

rks rqe yksx mls cgqr vklkuh ls lt+k ns nksxhA tSls rqe yksxksa us cxSj ,d drjk

Hkh [kwu cgk, fu.kkZ;d thr gkfly dh] oSls gh fcuk fdlh T+;knk eqf'dy ds 

tqeZ vkSj tqeZ djusokyksa dks Hkh [kRe dj ldrh gÄÞ 

mlus iwNk] ÞI;kjh lqYrkuk] vc rqe ;gk¡ cSBksxh ;k esjs cSBd[kkus vkvksxh\Þ 

eSaus nksLrkuk vankt+ esa eqLdqjkrs gq, tokc fn;k] ÞrqEgkjk jlksbZ?kj fdlh jkuh 

ds lst okys dejs ls de ugha gSAÞ 

Þysfdu vc gesa ;g txg NksM+uh gh gksxh D;ksafd 'kk;n jlksbZ?kj ds dke 

ls brus yacs oDr rd nwj j[kus ds fy, os Hkys enZ eq>s dksl jgs gksaxsAÞ ge nksuksa 

[kqydj g¡lus yxhaA 

Þokfil ykSVus ij esjs nksLr fdrus [kq'k vkSj gSjku gksaxs tc eSa mUgsa crkÅ¡xh 

fd ogk¡ ls dkQh nwj vkSjrksa dh nqfu;k gS] tgk¡ vkSjrsa jkt djrh gSa vkSj reke 

lekth ekeyksa dks pykrh gSaA tcfd Hkys enks± dks cPpksa dh ijofj'k] Hkkstu 

idkus vkSj reke nwljs ?kjsyw dkedkt djus ds fy, ênkZuk* esa j[kk tkrk gS] vkSj 

;g Hkh fd ogk¡ jlksbZ cukuk bruk vklku gS fd lpeqp mls cukus esa [kq'kh eglwl 

gksrh gSAÞ 

Þgk¡] rqe ;gk¡ tks Hkh ns[k jgh gks] mlds ckjs esa mUgsa t+:j crkukAÞ 

Þ,d vkSj esgjckuh djds eq>s crkvks fd dSls rqe yksx [ksrh djrh gks] dSls 

t+ehu tksrrh gks vkSj nwljs eqf'dy 'kkjhfjd dke djrh gks\Þ 

Þgekjs [ksrksa dks fctyh ds lk/kuksa ds t+fj, tksrk tkrk gSA og fctyh nwljs 

eqf'dy dkeksa esa Hkh xfr nsus ds fy, ÅtkZ eqgS¸;k djkrh gSA vkSj ge mldk 

bLrseky vius gokbZ lQj ds fy, Hkh djrh gSaA gekjs ;gk¡ jsy dh iVjh ;k dksbZ 

b±V&iRFkj okyh lM+d ugha gSAÞ 

eSaus dgk] Þblhfy, ;gk¡ u rks lM+d gknls vkSj u gh jsy gknls gksrs gSaA 

D;k vc rd rqe yksxksa dks ckfj'k dh deh ls tw>uk ugha iM+k gS\Þ 

Þikuh ds xqCckjs dks dk;e djus ds ckn dHkh ughaA rqe ftl cM+s xqCckjs vkSj 

mlls tqM+s ikbiksa dks ns[krh gks] mudh enn ls ge ftruk pkgsa mruh ckfj'k djk 

ldrh gSaA ge dHkh Hkh ck


38 

fujarj 

Þ;g lksp rks dkQh [kwclwjr gSA rqe yksxksa dk eq[; Hkkstu D;k gS\Þ 

ÞQyAÞ 

ÞdSls rqe yksx xjeh ds ekSle esa vius eqYd dks BaMk j[krh gks\Þ ßge yksx 

xjeh esa ckfj'k dks tUur ds rksgQs ds rkSj ij ns[krh gSaAÞ 

Þtc xjeh cnkZ'r ds ckgj gks tkrh gS] rc ge cuk, x, QOokjksa ls t+ehu 

ij ikuh dh cgqr lkjh Qqgkjsa NksM+rh gSa vkSj BaM ds ekSle esa vius dejs dks lwjt 

ds rki ls xje j[krh gSaAÞ 

mlus eq>s ugkus dk dejk fn[kk;kA mldh Nr dks b/kj&m/kj fd;k tk 

ldrk FkkA tc Hkh og pkgrh] Nr ¼og cDls ds wB cksyrk gS] pkgs og vkSjr gks ;k enZ rks---Þ 

Þmls ekSr dh lt+k nh tkrh gS\Þ 

Þugha] ekSr dh lt+k ughaA ge [kqnk dh canh] [kkldj fdlh balku dk dRy 

djus esa [kq'kh eglwl ugha djrhaA >wB cksyus okys dks dgk tkrk gS fd og ges'kk 

ds fy, ;gk¡ dh t+ehu NksM+ ns vkSj ;gk¡ fQj dHkh ugha vk,AÞ 

ÞD;k ,d nks"kh dks dHkh Hkh ekQ ugha fd;k tkrk\Þ 

Þgk¡] vxj og balku lPps fny ls iNrkok djrk gSAÞ 

ÞD;k rqEgsa vius fj'rsnkjksa ls vyx fdlh enZ dks ns[kus dh btkt+r feyh gqbZ gS\Þ 

Þikd fj'rksa ds flok fdlh dks Hkh ughaAÞ 

Þgekjs ;gk¡ ikd fj'rksa dk nk;jk dkQh rax gSA ;gk¡ rd fd ppsjk HkkbZ Hkh 

ikd ugha gSAÞ eSaus dgkA 

Þysfdu gekjs ;gk¡ ;g nk;jk dkQh cM+k gSA nwj dk HkkbZ Hkh mruk gh ikd 

gS] ftruk fd viuk HkkbZAÞ 

Þ;g rks cgqr vPNk gSA eq>s rqEgkjh t+ehu ij ikdht+xh dk gh jkt fn[krk 

gSA eSa mu vPNh jkuh dks ns[kuk pkgrh gw¡ tks bruh usdfny vkSj nwjn'khZ gSa vkSj

ftUgksaus ;s lkjs dk;ns cuk, gSaAÞ 

flLVj lkjk us dgk] ÞBhd gSAÞ 

mlds ckn mlus ,d pkSdksj r[rs ij dqN dqflZ;ksa dks isaap ls dl fn;k vkSj 

r[rs ls nks xsansa yxk nhaA tc eSaus xsanksa ds dke ds ckjs esa iwNk rks mlus dgk fd 

os gkbMªkstu xsansa gSa vkSj mudk bLrseky xq#Rokd"kZ.k ds ncko dks dkcw esa j[kus 

ds fy, gksrk gSA xsansa vyx&vyx {kerkvksa okyh Fkha rkfd vyx&vyx rjg ds 

ot+uksa dks l¡Hkkyk tk ldsA mlds ckn mlus ml mM+u[kVksys esa et+cwrh ls nks 

ia[ks tksM+ fn,A mlus mu ia[kksa ds ckjs esa crk;k fd os fctyh ls pyrs gSaA 

tc ge ml mM+u[kVksys esa vkjke ls cSB x,] rc mlus ,d cVu nck;k 

vkSj ia[ks ?kweus yxs vkSj gj iy rst+ gksrs x,A 'kq#vkr esa ge Ng ;k lkr QhV 

dh Å¡pkbZ rd x, vkSj mlds ckn ge mM+ pysA 

vkSj blds igys fd eSa eglwl djrh fd ge vkxs c


40 

fujarj 

us gekjs fy, lgst dj j[kk gqvk gSA ge dqnjr ds rksgQksa dk mruk yqRQ mBkrh 

gSa] ftruk ge mBk ldrh gSaAÞ 

eSaus jkuh ls btkt+r yh vkSj ukeh tkfe;kvksa dks ns[kus xbZ vkSj eq>s pan 

dkj[kkus] iz;ksx'kkyk,¡ vkSj os/k'kkyk,¡ fn[kkbZ xb±A 

ilan dh mu txgksa dk nkSjk djus ds ckn ge fQj mM+u[kVksys esa cSB xb±] 

ysfdu tSls gh mlus pyuk 'kq: fd;k] fdlh otg ls eSa fQly xbZ vkSj fxjus 

ls lius ls ckgj vk xbZ vkSj pkSad iM+hA 

vkSj T;ksa gh esjh vk¡[ksa [kqyha] eSaus vius vkidks eqyk;e dqlhZ ij ysVs ik;kA

13 

iq#"kRo vkSj L=hRo 

vlyh gSa ;s fopkj 

oh- xhrk 

iq#"kRo vkSj L=hRo ls tqM+s xq.kksa ds fopkj dkYifud ugha gSaA ;s okLrfod gSa vkSj 

ftl nqfu;k esa ge jgrs gSa] mlesa budk otwn gSA ;s cgqr cqfu;knh :i ls gekjs 

thou ij vlj Mkyrs gSa] tSls fd gekjs diM+s] gekjs Hkkstu] ;kSu lacaèk vkSj ;gk¡ 

rd fd gekjs fopkjksa ij Hkh budk vlj iM+rk gSA ;s gekjs vuqHkoksa dks ek;us nsus 

vkSj vius ckjs esa rFkk vkSjksa ds ckjs esa viuh jk; cukus vkSj mUgsa le>us esa enn 

djrs gSaA ;s fopkj iq#"kksa vkSj efgykvksa dks vyx&vyx rjhds ls izHkkfor djrs 

gSaA gkyk¡fd ;s fopkj dksbZ fLFkj vfuok;Zrk ugha j[krs ftUgsa balku fuf"Ø; :i 

ls Lohdkj gh dj ysA balkuksa dh bu fopkjksa ds lkFk tÌkstgn gksrh gS vkSj os 

bUgssa vius fglkc ls cnyrs o iyVrs gSaA bl rjg gj ekeys esa ;g fopkj 

okLrfod gks tkrk gS vkSj [kkl lanHkks± esa bLrseky fd;k tkusokyk ,d igyw cu 

tkrk gSA 

nwljh ckr ;g gS fd fdlh Hkh lekt esa iq#"k vkSj vkSjr ds :i esa igpku 

lkekftd rkSj ij ,dek= mi;qDr Js.kh ugha gSA dqN vU; igpkusa Hkh vge vkSj 

izklafxd gSa vkSj mruh gh izfrcafèkr dk;nksa rFkk vis{kkvksa ls tqM+h gqbZ gSa] ftruh 

iq#"k o vkSjr dh igpkusaA felky ds rkSj ij èkkfeZd ikcafn;k¡ dqN [kkl rjg 

ds iq#"kksa ds fy, Hkh mruh gh foHksndkjh gSa] ftruh fd vkSjrksa ds fy,] tSls fd 

Hkkjr esa dsoy czkã.kksa dks gh iqjksfgrksa ds dk;Z laiUu djkus dk oSèk vfèkdkj gSA 

blh rjg [kk¡pksa esa ck¡èkusokyh lksp iq#"kRo vkSj L=hRo ds vfrfjDr vU; 

varfuZfgr y{k.kksa dh igpku djrh gS vkSj mUgsa ifjHkkf"kr djrh gSA ;g balkuksa 

dks Ropk ds jax vkSj LoHkko ds vkèkkj ij foHkkftr djrh gSA bl rjg uLyh; 

vkèkkj ij c¡Vs gq, lektksa esa v'osr yksxksa dks tUetkr rkSj ij x¡okj vkSj vkfne 

êSLD;wfyfuVh ,aM QSfefuVh % vkbfM;kt+ vkj fj;y* ys[k dk jathr vfHkKku 

}kjk fd;k x;k vuqokn


134 

fujarj 

ds :i esa dfYir fd;k tkrk gSA iq#"kksa vkSj efgykvksa dks lkSais x;s dk;ks± ds 

vfrfjDr gjsd lekt esa lkekftd Hkwfedkvksa vkSj dk;ks± dh ,d Ükà[kyk ekStwn 

gksrh gSA Hkkjr esa dqN tkfr;ksa dks eSyk mBkus vkSj èkqykbZ tSls r;'kqnk dkeksa esa 

ck¡èk fn;k x;k gSA vafre laLdkj dk;ZØeksa ds nkSjku dj fT+kank tyk nsuk 

'kkfey gSaA cgqr de efgykvksa dks vius cycwrs èkeZxzaFkksa dks i

vkSj bu lHkh dks leku :Ik ls xank] iznw"k.k QSykusokyk vkSj Å¡ph tkfr;ksa ds 

iq#"kksa }kjk fu;af=r vkSj dkcw esa j[kus ds ;ksX; ekurh gSA bLyke vkSj bZlkbZ tSls 

nwljs èkeZ iq#"kksa ds iwjs lewg dks ml fuEu fLFkfr esa ugha j[krs tks efgykvksa ds 

fy, vkjf{kr gS] c'krsZ fd iq#"k ukfLrd ;k vlkekU; le>s tkusokys ;kSu O;ogkj 

djusokys u gksaA mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij] mu èkeks± ds leySafxdksa dks vizkÑfrd vkSj 

ikih ekudkj dM+h QVdkj yxkbZ xbZ gSA 

;g lkQ gS fd efgykvksa vkSj iq#"kksa ds dqN lewgksa dks 'kfDr'kkyh iq#"kksa 

ds dgus ij tkucw>dj deT+kksj cuk;k x;k gS vkSj ikcafn;ksa ds yk;d le>k 

x;k gSA ;s 'kfDr'kkyh iq#"k gh èkeZ ls tqM+s lkaLÑfrd vuqHkoksa vkSj lalkèkuksa ij 

idM+ j[krs gSaA ysfdu u rks iq#"k vkSj u gh efgyk,¡ bu izfrcaèkksa dks vklkuh ls 

Lohdkj dj ysrs gSaA os bu ij izfrfØ;k djrs gSa] mudk dqN [kkl rjg ls tokc 

nsrs gSa vkSj bl rjg ls mUgsa cnydj :ikarfjr dj nsrs gSaA 

èkkfeZd cnyko 

eè;dkyhu nf{k.k Hkkjr esa fupyh tkfr;ksa ds vusd iq#"k vkSj dqN efgyk,¡ 

tfVy ,sfrgkfld dkj.kksa ls èkeZ dks vkLFkk ds ,d vfLrRooknh futh vuqHko ds 

:Ik esa ns[krs FksA os èkeZxzaFkksa dh Hkkoukvksa ls bl dnj izHkkfor Fks fd czkã.k 

iqtkfj;ksa ds n[ky dks Hkh uT+kjvankT+k dj nsrs FksA èkkfeZd ikBksa ds vkSipkfjd 

egÙo ls bu ikBksa dh Hkkouk dks izeq[krk nsusokys ,sls yksxksa us tkfr;ksa ij yxh 

lkekftd ikcafn;ksa dks udkjkA lcls cM+h ckr ;g jgh fd mUgksaus eqfDr ds fopkj 

dks HkfDroknh ,glkl ls tksM+ fn;kA [kkl ckr ;g jgh fd dUuM+ dof;=h 

vDdkeknsoh tSlh efgyk HkDrksa us lekt }kjk efgykvksa ds fy, fuèkkZfjr tsaMj 

Hkwfedkvksa vkSj igpku dks Hkh udkj fn;kA vDdkeknsoh us vius diM+s R;kx dj 

vkSj ckyksa dks yack djds efgykvksa ds fy, cuk, x, mu tsaMj dk;nksa dks 

tkucw>dj rksM+k ftuds vuqlkj efgykvksa ds fy, diM+ksa esa


136 

fujarj 

;gk¡ ;g crkuk T+k:jh gS fd [kkl ,sfrgkfld lanHkks± esa viuh èkkd tekus ds 

fy, èkeks± us Hkh [kqn dks cny MkykA bl izfØ;k esa tsaMj vkSj uSfrdrk ij vkèkkfjr 

èkkfeZd ikcafn;ksa us ijjLij fojksèkkHkklh vkSj dHkh&dHkh vupkgs ifj.kke Hkh fn,A 

Hkkjrh; lanHkZ esa bZlkb;r dh Hkwfedk ij gh fopkj djsaA lkezkT;oknh fczfV'k 'kklu 

ds uSfrd vfLrRo ls vk'oLr gksdj bZlkbZ èkeZ Hkkjr esa viuk izpkj&izlkj djus 

vk;k Fkk] ysfdu lefiZr fe'kufj;ksa dks ;gk¡ ij ekStwn tkfrxr vkrad dks ns[kdj 

xgjk {kksHk gqvkA mUgsa yxk fd tkfr dh fopkjèkkjk bZlkbZ èkeZxzaFkksa ds lans'k vkSj 

mudh Hkkouk ds ,dne foijhr gSA blds ckn fe'kufj;ksa us nfyrksa vkSj fupyh 

tkfr;ksa dks f'kf{kr djus dk chM+k mBk fy;kA ,slk djds bZlkb;r us vius Ldwyksa] 

vLirkyksa vkSj bZlk ds ,dleku HkkbZpkjs ds fopkj dh enn ls nfyrksa vkSj vU; 

^?k`f.kr* tkfr;ksa dks [kqn ds ewY;oku gksus dk vglkl fnyk;kA bZlkbZ èkeZ viuk 

pqdh efgykvksa dks fy[kus&i

gS vkSj mudh rqyuk esa [kqn dks frxquk csgrj Hkh lkfcr djuk gS vkSj vxj os ,slk 

djus esa ukdke jgha rks mUgsa grksRlkfgr fd;k tk ldrk gSA 

dqN le; igys rd foKku us uLyh; Js"Brk vkSj fuEurk ds fl)karksa dks 

cuk, j[kus esa Hkh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA dbZ n'kdksa rd oSKkfudksa us v'osr uLyksa dks 

tUetkr vrkfdZd ekuus vkSj mUgsa bl otg ls vkèkqfud foKku ds fu;e ih tkusokyh fT+kEesnkfj;k¡ gh nh 

tkrh gSaA mUgsa lekt dY;k.k] efgyk ,oa cky fodkl rFkk ifjokj fu;kstu tSls 

foHkkxksa dk gh nkf;Ro lkSaik tkrk gSA 

 

137 

fujarj


138 

fujarj 

vfèkd gSfl;rokys inksa rd tks FkksM+h cgqr efgyk,¡ igq¡p Hkh tkrh gSa] muds 

ihNs vke rkSj ij firk] ifr vFkok HkkbZ ds rkSj ij 'kfDr'kkyh iq#"k jktuhfrKksa 

dk gkFk gksrk gSA bu efgyk jktuhfrKksa dks izk;% ukeh&fxjkeh usrkvksa dh iRuh 

¼vFkok foèkok½] csVh vFkok cgu ds :i esa gh ns[kk tkrk gS] u fd ,d Lora= 

jktuhfrd 'kf[l;r ds rkSj ijA jktuhfrd usrk] foèkkf;dk ds lnL;] odhy 

rFkk lkoZtfud thou ls tqM+s vU; yksx vc Hkh efgykvksa dks ;kSu&fHkUurk ds 

vkèkkj ij iq#"kksa ls derj vkSj vleku gh ekurs gSa vkSj mlh ds vuqlkj vkpj.k 

djrs gSaA vkèkqfud yksdra= ,d efgyk ds lkoZtfud thou esa lfØ; gksus vFkok 

,d ukxfjd ds rkSj ij vius vfèkdkjksa dk mi;ksx djus dh ek¡x ugha djrk gSA 

vfèkdka'k yksdrkaf=d laLFkk,¡ lkoZtfud Lo:i dh gSa vkSj ?kjsyw rFkk ikfjokfjd 

fT+kanxh dks izHkkfor djus vkSj ml ij vlj Mkyus dh dksf'k'k rd ugha djrh 

gSaA tc dHkh ;s laLFkk,¡ ,slk dk;Z djrh Hkh gSa rks og dkuwuksa ds :i esa gksrk 

gSA bu dkuwuksa dh O;k[;k Hkh iq#"kRo vkSj L=hRo ls tqM+s fopkjksa ds èkqaèk esa dh 

tkrh gSA 

tkfr vkSj uLy ds vkèkkj ij lekt dks ck¡Vus okys ns'kksa] Hkkjr vkSj vesfjdk 

esa efgykvksa dh rjg fupyh tkfr;k¡ vkSj v'osr iq#"k dkuwuh rkSj ij vU;ksa ds 

cjkcj gks ldrs gSaA ysfdu mudh csgrjh ds fy, lefiZr jktuhfrd usokys yksxksa dh lksp vkSj 

uT+kfj, dks dsoy mUgsa ¼efgykvksa] v'orksa o nfyrksa dks½ vfèkdkj nsdj ugha cnyk

tk ldrk gSA ysfdu vfèkdkjksa dh otg ls vius lkoZtfud Loj vkSj igpku 

ugha j[kusokyh efgykvksa vkSj vU; yksxksa dks viuh ek¡x j[kus esa lqfoèkk feyh gS 

fd muds fopkjksa dks lquk tk,A mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij Hkkjr esa vkSipkfjd lekurk 

dh xkjaVh us nfyrksa vkSj efgykvksa dks fofHkUu vke ekeyksa esa lekurk ds vius 

vfèkdkjksa dk nkok djus ds fy, izksRlkfgr fd;k gSA nfyrksa us lkoZtfud txgksa 

ij izos'k djus ds vfèkdkjksa dh ek¡x dh gS vkSj bu ekeyksa esa gksusokys HksnHkko 

¼D;ksafd os vNwr ekus tkrs gSa½ ds f[kykQ la?k"kZ fd;k gSA 

Lkekurk ds loky ij efgykvksa dh tÌkstgn Hkh mruh gh iz[kj xfr'khy 

jgh gSA iq#"kksa ds leku gksus ds fopkj us mUgsa ;g ek¡x djus ds fy, rS;kj fd;k 

gS fd ctV] tux.kuk vFkok fuokZpu ls tqM+h ;kstukvksa dk fuèkkZj.k djrs le; 

mUgsa ukxfjdksa dk vge lewg le>k tk,A bldk eryc gS fd efgyk,¡ vius 

ifr;ksa ls vuqcafèkr ;k mu ij fuHkZj ugha fn[kkbZ nsuk pkgrh gSaA vc os bl ckr 

ij tkx:d gksus yxh gSa fd ?kjksa esa fd;k tkusokyk dke vkSj vius [ksrksa esa dh 

xbZ esgur Hkh mRiknd Je dk fgLlk gSaA ;g bl ckr dk ,d mnkgj.k gS fd 

fdl rjg ,d u;s fopkj ds viuh tM+sa tek ysus ds ckn n`f"Vcksèk cny tkrs gSaA 

gky ds o"kks± esa LFkkuh; 'kklu esa 33 izfr'kr lhVsa vkjf{kr djusokyk 

laoSèkkfud la'kksèku ykxw gks tkus ds ckn Hkkjrh; efgyk,¡ [kqn dks turk dk ,d 

lfØ; vax ekuus yxh gSa vkSj mUgsa bl Hkkouk dk ,glkl Hkh gksus yxk gSA vkt 

gjsd iapk;r esa efgykvksa dh vPNh&[kklh rknkn gSA gkyk¡fd ;g lp gS fd 

muesa ls dbZ efgyk,¡ ladksph gSa vkSj muds ifr vFkok HkkbZ gh muds uke ij lc 

dqN fd;k djrs gSaA fQj Hkh bl rF; ls fd iapk;rksa esa mudh ekStwnxh T+k:jh 

gS] mUgsa xk¡o dh t+:jrksa ds ckjs esa QSlyk djus dk vfèkdkj gS] T+;knk eq[kj 

efgykvksa dks yksdrkaf=d izfØ;k esa fgLlk ysus esa enn feyh gSA ;g Hkh laHko 

gS fd LFkkuh; 'kklu dh O;oLFkk ds blh rjg tkjh jgus dh fLFkfr esa efgykvksa 

dh [kqn vius ls] viuh Hkwfedkvksa rFkk dk;ks± ls lacafèkr vglkl esa vxys ,d 

n'kd esa Øfed cnyko vk tk,A 

oxhZdj.k dh lhek,¡ 

iq#"kksa vkSj efgykvksa ds ckjs esa oxhZÑr lksp csgn vke vkSj gekjh jksT+kejkZ dh 

fT+kanxh dk fgLlk gSA gekjs bnZ&fxnZ dh dbZ phT+kksa esa blds vlj dks ns[kk tkrk 

gSA ifjos'k enkZuk vkSj T+kukuk ds rh[ks [kk¡ps esa c¡Vs gSaA ?kj ds ifjos'k dh igpku 

efgyk ds lkFk dh xbZ gS] tcfd ?kj ds ckgj dh nqfu;k dks iq#"kksa dk [kkl {ks= 

 

139 

fujarj


140 

fujarj 

ekuk x;k gSA bl oxhZdj.k esa bl ckr dk dksbZ [k;ky ugha j[kk x;k gS fd 

efgyk,¡ Hkh Jfedksa] miHkksDrkvksa rFkk ukxfjd ds :i esa ckgjh nqfu;k ls tqM+h 

gqbZ gSa rFkk iq#"k Hkh ifr] firk vkSj fu.kZ;drkZ ds :i esa ifjokj rFkk ?kj ds Hkhrj 

lfØ; jgrs gSaA efgykvksa dh igpku iRuh] ek¡ vkSj ?kjsyw dkedkt l¡Hkkyusokyh 

Hkwfedkvksa ij fVdh gS] tcfd iq#"kksa dh igpku mRiknd dk;ks±] lkoZtfud 

ekStwnxh vkSj rkdr ls tqM+h gqbZ gSA 

ifjos'k dk ;g c¡Vokjk dk;Z vFkok Je ds foHkktu dks vfHkO;Dr djrk gSA 

efgykvksa }kjk ?kj ij fd;k x;k dk;Z] pkgs og ifjokj ds fy, gks vFkok dqN iSls 

tqVkus ds edln ls fd;k x;k gks] dk;Z gh ugha le>k tkrk gSA bls Hkh iRuh vFkok 

ek¡ ds :i esa fd;s tkusokys mlds drZO;ksa dk gh foLrkj le> fy;k tkrk gSA 

ifjHkk"kk ds Lrj ij ns[ksa rks ?kjsyw ifjos'k dHkh Hkh mRiknd xfrfofèk;ksa ds {ks= ugha 

gks ldrsA enkZuk vkSj T+kukuk ifjos'kksa dk rdZ vU; ?kkrd rjhdksa ls Hkh dke djrk 

gSA vius ?kjksa ds ckgj dke djusokyh efgykvksa dks vke rkSj ij oL=&fu;kZr rFkk 

bysDVªkWfud oLrqvksa ds O;kikj tSls dk;Z{ks=ksa rd gh lhfer j[kk tkrk gSA bu 

m|ksx&èkaèkksa esa de et+nwjh feyuk rks vke ckr gSA ,slk le>k tkrk gS fd efgykvksa 

dk dk;Z mudh ikfjokfjd vk; dk iwjd ek= gS D;ksafd mudh ^vlyh* fT+kEesnkjh 

rks ?kj l¡Hkkyus dh gS vkSj blds vykok og tks dqN Hkh djrh gSa] og X+kSj&T+k:jh 

gh gSA iq#"kksa ds esgurkus dks gh vlyh essgurkuk ekuk tkrk gS vkSj muds dke dks 

gh ^vlyh* dke le>k tkrk gSA ;g dke gh izkFkfed vkSj vfuok;Z dke gSA 

[kkldj xjhc vkSj oafpr rcdksa ds iq#"kksa dh ,d cM+h rknkn dks efgykvksa 

dh rjg de eT+knwjh nh tkrh gS vkSj mUgsa vDlj csgrj esgurkuk ds fy, fojksèk 

trkus dh vuqefr Hkh ugha nh tkrh gS] ysfdu bu iq#"kksa ls vkSjrksa ls vfèkd 

xfr'khy gksus dh mEehn dh tkrh gSA xjhc&oafpr oxks± ds iq#"kksa ds fy, u;k 

gquj lh[kus vFkok iqjkus gquj dks gh fu[kkjus dh vfèkd laHkkouk,¡ gksrh gSaA 

laxfBr Je vFkok lsok {ks=ksa esa efgykvksa dh rqyuk esa iq#"k vfèkd la[;k esa dke 

djrs gSaA bu {ks=ksa esa eT+knwjh esa yxkrkj lqèkkj gksrs tkus vkSj gquj lh[kus rFkk mls 

fu[kkjus dh laHkkouk,¡ gksrh gSaA 

gkyk¡fd iwjs bfrgkl ds nkSjku ,d [kkl rjg ds ukjhokn rFkk i;kZoj.kokn 

us oxhZÑr lksp ds T+kfj, efgykvksa dks Qk;nk igq¡pk;k gS] ysfdu bl rjg dh 

lksp us mPp f'k{kk] vkfFkZd :i ls eT+kcwr cukusokyh ukSdfj;k¡] jktuhfrd iVy 

ij lfØ;rk o lÙkk rFkk ckSf)d xfrfofèk;ksa tSls iq#"kksa ds opZLookys {ks=ksa ls 

efgykvksa dks vyx j[kus dk dke fd;k gSA blus izHkko'kkyh

dks ?kj dh rax txgksa esa jksds j[kus] de eT+knwjh okyh ukSdfj;ksa ls ck¡èkdj j[kus] 

xfr'khyrk ij yxke yxkus] nqfu;k ls :c: gksus dh mudh bPNk dks ?kVkus] u, 

yksxksa ls feyus rFkk fT+kanxh dk iwjs foLrkj ls vuqHko djus ls jksdus dk gh dke 

fd;k gSA nwljh rjQ oxhZdj.k ds lgt vkSj fufoZokn dgs tkusokys rdZ dh 

otg ls iq#"kksa dks Hkkjh Qk;nk feyrk jgk gSA [dguk pkfg, fd] iq#"k gksuk ,d 

,slh fLFkfr gS tgk¡ ls 'kfDr dk izokg gksrk gS vkSj mUgsa ,d fo'ks"k ntkZ feyrk 

gSA gkyk¡fd lHkh iq#"k rkdroj ugha gksrs vkSj lHkh iq#"kksa ds ikl rkdroj gksus 

ds nkoksa dh iqf"V ds fy, t+:jh lalk/ku ugha gksrs] ysfdu mUgsa lqfo/kk,¡ feyrh 

gSaA ;g lp gS fd iq#"kksa ds vyx&vyx lewgksa us fHkUu&fHkUu mÌs';ksa ls iq#"kRo 

dh vyx&vyx O;k[;k dh gS] fQj Hkh vfHkO;fDr] Hkwfedkvksa ds fuokZg rFkk lÙkk 

ds bLrseky ls 'kk;n gh enkZuxh dHkh vyx jgh gSA 

uLyh vFkok tkrh; oxhZdj.k\ D;k os Hkh tsaMj ds fopkjksa dh rjg gekjh 

lkekU; le> ds gh fgLls gSa\ vkSj D;k os mlh rjg ls dke Hkh djrs gSa\ ,d lnh 

igys Hkkjr esa tkfr yksxksa dks bl rjg ls foHkDr djrh Fkh fd muds vyx&vyx 

lkekftd rFkk vkoklh; ifjos'k cu tkrs Fks vkSj os viuh lkekftd Hkwfedkvksa rFkk 

lkSais x;s dk;ks± ds nk;js esa gh jgrs FksA vyx&vyx tkfr;ksa dk vyx&vyx is'kk 

Fkk vkSj bu is'kksa dks ,d ntkZcanh esa j[kk x;k FkkA Mk- vacsMdj us bl O;oLFkk 

dks ^xSj&cjkcjh ntkZcanh* ds :i esa fpfàr fd;k FkkA gjsd tkfr dks ,d [kkl 

LoHkkookyk ekuk tkrk Fkk] ekuks ,d tkfr&fo'ks"k ds yksxksa esa lacafèkr xq.k tUetkr 

gh gksaA ;gk¡ rd fd vyx tkfr;ksa ds fy, vyx&vyx U;k; O;oLFkk Hkh Fkh] tSls 

czkã.kksa vkSj 'kwnzksa ds fy, ,d gh dkuwu ugha ykxw gksrk FkkA 

gkyk¡fd uLy vkSj tkfr ds vkèkkjksa ij oxhZdj.k dks chloha lnh ds nkSjku 

ges'kk gh pqukSfr;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA leku vfèkdkjksa ds fl)kar ds lkFk 

gh nfyrksa vkSj v'osrksa }kjk pyk, x, la?k"kks± us Hkh bl oxhZÑr lksp dk fuèkkZj.k 

djusokyh èkkj.kkvksa dk [kqyklk fd;kA dHkh oxhZdj.k dh vfHkO;fDr dks eT+kcwrh 

nsusokyh Kkuoknh rdZ&ehekalk dk vkt dksbZ otwn ugha gS vkSj vxj dgha gS Hkh 

rks mUgsa iwokZxzgxzLr ekuk tkrk gSA gkyk¡fd iq#"kksa vkSj efgykvksa ds izfr oxhZÑr 

lksp vc Hkh dk;e gS] ysfdu tSlk fd ge ns[k pqds gSa fd ;q)&fojksèkh izn'kZuksa 

ds nkSjku lgu'khyrk vkSj lekuqHkwfr tSls fL=;ksfpr xq.kksa ds :i esa bldk 

:ikarjdkjh :i Hkh ns[kus dks feyrk gSA ysfdu cnyko vkSj rksM+&tksM+ ds bu 

iyksa esa oxhZdj.k dks gh tk;T+k Bgjkus dk [krjk cuk jgrk gS vkSj os iy 

ukjhokfn;ksa dh mEehnksa ds vuq:i n`f"Vdks.k esa cnyko ugha yk ikrs gSaA 

 

141 

fujarj


142 

fujarj 

ysfdu tsaMj lacaèkh oxhÑr lksp mu lanHkks± esa Hkh ykxw gksrh gS tks vU; rjg 

ds oxhZdj.kksa dks pqukSrh nsrh gSA mnkgj.k ds fy, uLy&fojksèkh vkSj tkfr&fojksèkh 

lfØ;rk us Hkh tsaMj lekurk vkSj U;k; dh vfuok;Zrk dks ges'kk ugha igpkuk 

gSA iq#"k lÙkk vkSj fo'ks"kkfèkdkj ds gdnkj gSa vkSj efgykvksa dks mudh mEehn 

ugha djuh pkfg,] bl fLFkfr dks cjdjkj j[kus esa nfyr iq#"k vFkok v'osr iq#"k 

ds Hkh fgr gSaA gkyk¡fd ;s ek¡xsa Li"V rkSj ij ugha j[kh tkrh gSa] ysfdu iq#"k ftl 

rjg [kqn dks vkSj efgykvksa dks ns[krs gSa vkSj efgyk,¡ Hkh ftl rjg vius fy, 

r; dh x;h Hkwfedkvksa ds vuqlkj gh O;ogkj djrh gSa] mlesa budh ekStwnxh cuh 

jgrh gSA ,d nfyr efgyk ;kSu&mRihM+u ds ekeys esa pqIih lkèkdj vius xqLls 

dks nck ysrh gS D;ksafd og tkurh gS fd ^yM+ds rks ,sls gh gksrs gSa vkSj vkf[kjdkj 

os vius gh yM+ds gksrs gSaA* ;gk¡ ij ,d ek¡ ds rkSj ij mldh Hkwfedk vkSj igpku 

lkeus vkrh gS] gkyk¡fd bldk Lo:i cnyk gqvk gksrk gSA nfyr efgyk ds lkFk 

gq, cykRdkj ls nq[kh vkSj xqLls ls Hkjs gq, ,d nfyr ;qod dks Øksèk] ihM+k vkSj 

nnZ dk vuqHko gks ldrk gS] ysfdu izk;% ;g ml Hkkouk ds dkj.k gksrk gS tks 

,d firk vFkok ,d HkkbZ ds viuh csVh vFkok cgu ds lkFk gq, vieku dk 

cnyk ysus] ugha rks de&ls&de 'kksd trkus dh T+k:jr ls tqM+h gqbZ gSA 

vèkwjk lekthdj.k 

iq#"kksa vkSj efgykvksa dh Hkwfedk ls lacafèkr lkekftd nckoksa vkSj vis{kkvksa us ;kSu 

fHkUurk dks l[r cukus dk dke fd;k gSA vius tSls yksxksa dk ncko] ehfM;k 

lans'k rFkk jksT+kxkj ds fodYi tSlh lkekftd vis{kk,¡ ukT+kqd vkSj vkxzgh ds 

lkFk&lkFk izR;{k vkSj nckodkjh Hkh gksrh gSaA geesa ls gjsd 'k[l eksyrksy vkSj 

la?k"kZ ds T+kfj, r; dh gqbZ viuh Hkwfedkvksa dk fuokZg djrs le; dkQh lgt 

eglwl djrk gS vkSj ;gh phT+k bls oSèkrk nsrh gSA gkyk¡fd eksyrksy vkSj la?k"kZ 

dh ;g izfØ;k iq#"kksa vkSj efgykvksa ds fy, vyx&vyx gSaA iq#"kksa dks Lohdk;Zrk 

ds fy, crkSj iqjLdkj èku] lkekftd izfr"Bk vkSj iq#"k gksus dk xkSjo feyrk gS] 

tcfd efgykvksa dks feyusokys iqjLdkj de Bksl gksrs gSaA mUgsa cPpksa vkSj 

cM+s&cqT+kqxks± dk I;kj rFkk ns[kHkky djusokyh vkSj laosnuk ls ifjiw.kZ gksus esa 

ln~xq.kh gksus dh vuqHkwfr gksrh gSA 

ysfdu Bksl lanHkks± esa efgyk,¡ dbZ ekeyksa esa vius dks cgqr gn rd udkjrh 

gSaA Hkkstu] vkjke ds ?kaVs] LokLF; vFkok ;kSu bPNk ds loky ij efgyk,¡ bUgsa 

vfèkd roTtks u nsdj iRuh] cgu] csVh vkSj ek¡ ds rkSj ij feyh fT+kEesnkfj;ksa dks

iwjk djus esa tqV tkrh gSaA dbZ ekeyksa esa efgykvksa dks viuh bPNk vkSj T+k:jr 

dk R;kx djus ds fy, Hkh etcwj fd;k tkrk gSA [kkl rkSj ij mu ij viuh 

T+k:jrksa dks ifr dh T+k:jrksa esa lekfgr dj nsus dk ncko gksrk gSA efgykvksa dks 

nCcw cukus esa ?kjsyw fgalk dh Hkh ,d cM+h Hkwfedk gksrh gSA 

Hkkjr esa nfyr tSls leqnk;ksa ij ykxw lkekftd dk;ns vyx rjg ds gSaA os 

Li"V rkSj ij vkjksfir fd, x, gSa vkSj mudh vU;k;iw.kZ izo`fÙk dks lkQ ns[kk tk 

ldrk gSA O;kogkfjd Lrjksa ij bu dk;nksa dh O;k[;k ugha dh tkrh gS vkSj vke 

rkSj ij bUgsa èkkfeZd rdks± ds vkèkkj ij U;k;ksfpr Bgjk;k tkrk gSA bu lkekftd 

dk;nksa dks cjdjkj j[kus esa lÙkk dk [ksy Hkh lkQrkSj ij fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA 

gkyk¡fd lekthdj.k vFkok lkekftd Hkwfedkvksa dk Fkksik tkuk dHkh Hkh 

mruk laxr vkSj izokgiw.kZ ugha jgk gS ftruk fd og fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA r; dk;nksa 

ds lkFk gekjs laidZ dh izfØ;k ds nkSjku ge yxkrkj [kksth cus jgrs gSaA mnkgj.k 

ds fy, vxj efgykvksa ls ,d [kkl


144 

fujarj 

D;ksafd nwljksa ds leFkZu vFkok fojksèk ds cX+kSj gekjh lksp vkSj dkjZokbZ futh gh 

cuh jgrh gSaA 

blh ds lkFk gesa ;g Hkh ekuuk gksxk fd ;kSfud rFkk vU; fHkUurkvksa ds 

dk;ns&dkuwuksa dks ft+ank o lfØ; j[kus esa vlyh] HkkSfrd nk¡o Hkh tqM+s jgrs gSaA 

;s nk¡o ;kSfud rFkk lkekftd lkaLÑfrd] vkfFkZd vkfn foHksnksa dks ,d&nwljs ds 

lkFk tksM+us dk dke Hkh djrs gSaA lkQ rkSj ij ;kSu fHkUurk,¡ vU; lkekftd 

fHkUurkvksa ds lanHkZ esa gh ekStwn jgrh gSaA lkQ&lkQ os bu fHkUurkvksa dk 

vfrØe.k Hkh djrh gSa vkSj mUgsa izHkkfor Hkh djrh gSaA blh rjg vU; lkekftd 

fHkUurkvksa dks ;kSu fHkUurk ds :i esa rFkk mlds T+kfj, vfHkO;Dr fd;k tkrk gSA 

bl rjg fganw èkeZ ds ekeys esa ,d 'kwnz dh fLFkfr ,d efgyk tSlh gSA ;gk¡ ,d 

tkfr dk viekutud

lSUMªk gkfMZax] n lkbal Do'pu bu QsfefuT+e] bFkkdk % dkWjusy ;wfuoflZVh 

izsl] ¼1986½ 

xMkZ yuZj] n fØ,'ku vkWQ QsfefuLV dkWU'klusl] U;w;kWdZ % vkWDlQksMZ 

;wfuoflZVh izsl] ¼1993½ 

,y- gsufj,Vk ewj] QsfefuT+e ,aM ,UFkzksikWyth] dSafczt % ikWfyVh izsl] ¼1988½ 

tkWu MCY;w LdkWV] tsaMj ,aM n ikWfyfVDl vkWQ fgLVªh] U;w;kWdZ % dksyafc;k 

;wfuoflZVh izsl] ¼1988½ 

 

145 

fujarj

tsaMj vkSj f'k{kk jhMj] Hkkx 2 esa Kku ds 

l`tu dh izfØ;kvksa vkSj mldh izÑfr dks 

le>us dh dksf'k'k dh xbZ gSA ;s lHkh 

tsaMj] tkfr] oxZ] /keZ tSls lÙkk ds

Reader-II - Nirantar

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?