In Hindi - ICRW

esjh GEMS Mk;jh
cjkcjh dh ckr] ge cPpksa ds lkFk

aVjus'kuy lsaVj QkWj fjlpZ vkWu oqeu ¼vkbZ-lh-vkj-MCY;w½ ,d varjkZ"Vªh; xSj&ljdkjh laLFkk gSA bldh
LFkkiuk 1976 esa gqbZA vkbZ-lh-vkj-MCY;w dk y{; gS fodkl'khy ns'kksa esa efgykvksa dks l'kDr djuk] fyaxHksn
nwj djuk vkSj xjhch gVkukA bu y{;ksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, ;g laLFkk fofHkUu lgHkkxh laLFkkuksa ds lkFk
'kks/k] {kerk fuekZ.k ,oa i{kiks"k.k (Advocacy) ds }kjk uhfr rFkk fodkl dk;ZØeksa esa O;kogkfjd lq/kkj
ykus ds fy, iz;Ru'khy gSA
dksjks ¼dfeVh vkWQ fjlkslZ vkWxZukbts'kUl½ QkWj fyVjslh ,d xSj&ljdkjh laLFkk gSA eqEcbZ Lye esa
O;Ldksa dh lk{kjrk dks c

vkHkkj
*esjh GEMS Mk;jh* dbZ eghuksa ds 'kks/k vkSj dbZ yksxksa ds lfEefyr iz;klksa dk
urhtk gSA blds ys[ku rFkk laiknu esa fuEu O;fDr;ksa dk eq[; ;ksxnku gS&
vkbZ-lh-vkj-MCY;w ¼ubZ fnYyh½
dksjks QkWj fyVjslh ¼eqEcbZ½
Vh-vkbZ-,l-,l- ¼eqEcbZ½
iz.khrk vP;qr] uafnrk HkkVyk] vt; dqekj flag vkSj
jfo dqekj oekZ
lqtkrk [kkaMsdj] iYyoh iYyo] fufru dkEcys] egsUnz
jksdM+s vkSj vU;
'kqcnk eS=k] lUnhi dkEcys] nhid fudkyth
lkFk gh] ge mu lHkh yksxksa vkSj laLFkkvksa dks /kU;okn nsuk pkgasxs ftUgksaus bl Mk;jh
dks orZeku Lo:i esa ykus esa cgqewY; ;ksxnku fn;kA
ge vkHkkj O;Dr djuk pkgsaxs lrh'k dqekj ¼lh-,p-,l-ts½ vkSj egsUnz dqekj ¼lg;ksx½ dk
ftUgks aus iz sjdks a ds izf'k{k.k es a lg;ksx fn;k] Mk;jh dh leh{kk dh vkSj lq>ko fn,A ge xSjh
ckjdj ¼vkbZ-lh-vkj- MCY;w½ vkSj fØLVhu fjdkMks Z ¼bafLVV~;wVks izkseqUMks½ ds vkHkkjh gS a] ftUgks aus
czkthy ds tsaMj lEca/kh vuqHkoksa dks GEMS dk;ZØe esa 'kkfey djus esa enn dhA
ge /kU;okn nsuk pkgsaxs T;ksfr ckgjh vkSj e/kqferk nkl ¼vkbZ-lh-vkj-MCY;w½ dks ftudh
leh{kk vkSj lq>koksa ls dk;kZH;klksa esa cnyko fd;k tk ldkA
ge ukbdh QkmaMs'ku vkSj eWdvkFkZj QkamMs'ku dk /kU;okn nsuk pkgsaxs ftUgksaus GEMS
dk;ZØe vkSj bl Mk;jh dks izdkf'kr djus ds fy, vkfFkZd lg;ksx fn;kA lkFk gh]
dkjLVu QSfeyh QkamMs'ku dk Hkh ftUgks aus Ldwyks a es a vfHk;ku pykus ds fy, vkfFkZd
lgk;rk nhA
ge vius lHkh izsjdksa vkSj lgHkkxh cPpksa dks rgsfny ls /kU;okn nsuk pkgsaxs ftuds
lkFk ppkZ vkSj fo'ys"k.k us bl Mk;jh dks cPpksa ds vuq:i cuk;kA lkFk gh lgHkkxh
Ldwyksa ds f'k{kdx.k rFkk iz/kkuk/;kidksa] f'k{kk foHkkx ¼eqEcbZ] dksVk rFkk xksok½ vkSj
lg;ksxh laLFkkvksa&_fratyh ¼ubZ fnYyh½ vkSj laxr ¼xksok½ dk /kU;okn djuk pkgsaxs
ftUgksaus GEMS dks pykus esa lg;ksx fn;kA
ge bl Mk;jh dks r`"kk vkIVs ¼vkbZ-lh-vkj-MCY;w bUVuZ½ dh ;kn esa lefiZr djrs gSaA

I;kjs cPpks
G
E
M
ender
tsaMj
quity
cjkcjh
onitor
ekWfuVj
yM+dk vkSj yM+dh ds lkFk ,d tSlk O;ogkj
ugha gksrk & u ?kj esa] u Ldwy esa vkSj u gh
lekt esaA tc nksuksa balku gSa rks ;g HksnHkko
D;ksa\ D;k yM+dh dk eu] mldh bPNk,¡
vkSj lius yM+ds ls vyx gSa\ D;ksa nksuksa dks]
yM+dk ;k yM+dh gksus ds ckotwn] viuh
ft+Unxh dks Hkjiwj rjg ls thus dk gd ugha
gS\ ;g HksnHkko xyr gS vkSj bldks cnyus
dh t+:jr gSA blfy, geus vkids Ldwy
esa vkids lkFk bl eqn~ns ij ckrphr 'kq: dh
gSA tgk¡ cjkcjh dh ckr gks] ogk¡ fgalk ds fy,
dksbZ txg ugha gksrhA tks cjkcjh dh ckr djs]
vius thou esa mls 'kkfey djs vkSj fgalk dk
fojks/k djs] ogh gS GEM ¼tse½A vkidh ;g
Mk;jh vkidks [ksyksa vkSj xfrfof/k;ksa ds ek/;e
ls bu fo"k;ksa dks le>us esa enn djsxhA bl
Mk;jh esa vkids lkFk ;g 2 GEMs Hkh gksaxsA
fu'p; gh vki Hkh ,d GEM
cuus ds fy, rS;kj gSa!
2

ge GEM gSa] ge cjkcjh
dh ckr djrs gSa
vkidk ifjp;
viuk@vius ifjokj dk QksVks yxk,¡
Ukke ______________________________
d{kk ______________________________
Ldwy ______________________________
irk ______________________________
_________________________________
vkids ckjs esa---
lcls vPNk@vPNh nksLr _________________
ilanhnk jax _________________________
euilan tkuoj _______________________
ilanhnk ghjks@fgjksbu __________________
'kkSd _____________________________
,d pht+ tks vkidks vius ckjs esa ilUn gS ______
_________________________________
_________________________________
mlds ckjs esa ftlls vki
lcls T+;knk I;kj djrs gSa---
mldk ilanhnk jax _____________________
mldh ilanhnk fQYe ____________________
mldk euilan [ksy ___________________
mldk 'kkSd ________________________
,d pht+ tks vkidks mlds ckjs esa ilUn gS _______
________________________________
3

esjs lius
ge lc lius ns[krs gSa & dqN cUkus ds] dqN djus dsA
vkids lius D;k gSa\ fy[ksa] fp= cuk,¡ ;k QksVks fpidk,¡A
cjkcjh dh ckr] ge cPpksa ds lkFk
4

D;k gks ldrk gS\
fØdsV [ksys vkSjr] vkneh cuk, [kkuk !
gekjs lekt esa vkneh vkSj vkSjr vyx&vyx O;ogkj djrs gSa] ft+Eesnkfj;ka fuHkkrs gSaA
D;k vkius dHkh lkspk fd ,slk D;ksa gS\ D;k ;s varj izkÑfrd gS ;k mUgsa lekt us
cuk;k gS\
uhps 9 dk;Z dh lwph gS( lkFk gh mudks djus ;k u djus ds dkj.k HkhA vkidks tks
dkj.k lgh yxs ml ij √ dk fu'kku yxk,aA
1 vkneh [kkuk ugha idkrs D;ksafd
izÑfr us mUgsa ,slk cuk;k gS fd oks [kkuk ugha cuk ldrs
mUgsa [kkuk ugha cukuk pkfg,
muls [kkuk cukus dh mEehn ughaa dh tkrh
2 vkSjr vkneh dh rqyuk esa de iSls dekrh gS D;ksafd
mUgsa T+;knk ughaa dekuk pkfg,
os izkÑfrd :i ls T+;knk ughaa dek ldrha
mUgsa T+;knk dekus ds ekSds ughaa feyrs
3 yM+dksa dh vis{kk T+;knk yM+fd;k¡ Ldwy NksM+rh gSa D;ksafd
mudh i

5 yM+ds ugha jksrs D;ksafd
os jks gh ugha ldrs
mUgsa jksus ls jksdk tkrk gS
mUgsa jksuk ughaa pkfg,
6 T+;knkrj yM+fd;k¡ fØdsV ugha [ksyrh D;ksafd
mUgas [ksyus dk ekSdk ughaa feyrk
izkÑfrd :i ls muds fy, fØdsV [ksyuk lEHko ugha gS
mudks fØdsV ugha [ksyuk pkfg,
7 yM+ds et+cwr vkSj yM+fd;ka det+ksj gksrh gSa D;ksafd
izÑfr us mUgsa ,slk gh cuk;k gS
yM+fd;ksa dks et+cwr ugha gksuk pkfg,
yM+fd;k¡ det+ksj ekuh tkrh gSa
8 efgyk,¡ VSDlh ugha pykrh D;ksafd
mUgsa ugha pykuk pkfg,
muesa pykus dh {kerk gh ugha gksrh
mUgsa VSDlh pykus ugha fn;k tkrk
9 vkneh cPpksa dh ns[kHkky ugha djrs D;ksafd
izÑfr us ;g ft+Eesnkjh vkSjr dks gh nh gS
mUgsa djuk ugha pkfg,
;g mudh ft+Eesnkjh ugha ekuh tkrh
mÙkj feykvks
& gj dk;Z dk fo'ys"k.k ist 40 ij fn;k x;k gSA
& lHkh mÙkj feyrs gSa rks vki gSa *pSfEi;u*
& 5&8 mÙkj feyrs gSa rks vki gSa *f[kykM+h*
& 5 ls de mÙkj feyrs gSa rks vki gSa *Hkfo"; ds f[kykM+h*] FkksM+k vkSj lkspsa vkSj vkxs c

yM+dk D;k gS\ yM+dh D;k gS\ 1
yM+dh D;k gS\ yM+dk D;k gS\
cPpk tc iSnk gksrk gS rks og ;k yM+dk gksrk gS ;k yM+dh
dqN yksx dgrs gSa ftlds yEcs cky gksa]
og yM+dh gSA
dqynhi ds yEcs cky gSa] ij og rks
yM+dk gSA
dqN yksx dgrs gSa tks rkdroj gks vkSj Hkkjh cks>

ks fQj yM+dk D;k gS] yM+dh D;k gS \
yM+dk og gS ftlds fyax vkSj v.MxzafUFk;k¡ gksA
yM+dh og gS ftlds ;ksfu vkSj VhVuh gksA
vkSjr ds 'kjhj esa cPpk curk vkSj c

esjh igpku
yM+dk ;k yM+dh gksus ds ukrs yksx vki ls vyx O;ogkj vkSj igukos
dh mEehn j[krs gSaA tSls&yM+dk gS rks ckgj [ksysxk] NksVs cky j[ksxk]
iSaV&'kVZ igusxkA yM+dh gS rks oks ?kj dk dke djsxhA yEcs cky
j[ksxh] ?kj esa jgsxhA
yksxksa dh mEehn & yM+dk ;k yM+dh gksus ds dkj.k yksx vki ls D;k mEehn djrs gSa]
fLVdj yxkdj Ckrk,¡A
9

esjh pkgr
ij ;g t+:jh rks ugha fd tks yksx mEehn djsa] ogh ge Hkh pkgsaA vki
D;k pkgrs gSa] cps gq, fLVdj yxkdj crk,¡A ;fn fLVdj de iM+s rks
fp= Hkh cuk ldrs gSaA
10

irax mM+kuk
QqVcky [ksyuk
NksVs cky j[kuk
fØdsV [ksyuk
i

cVokjk dkeksa dk- - -
cgqr ls ,sls dke gSa tks ?kj ij gksrs gSa vkSj ?kj ds ckgj O;olk; ds :i esa Hkh gksrs gSaA
uhps dqN fp= fn, x, gSaA vkidks crkuk gS fd vkerkSj ij ;g dke vkneh ?kj esa ;k ckgj djrs
gSa ;k ughaaA tks djrs gSa ml ij ^ü* dk] vkSj tks ugha djrs] ml ij ^x* dk fu'kku yxk,¡A
?kj esa
ckgj ¼O;olk; ds :i esa½
vkneh [kkuk cukrs gq, gk¡ ugha
gksVy esa dqd gk¡ ugha
diM+s flyrs gq, gk¡ ugha nthZ gk¡ ugha
13

?kj esa
ckgj ¼O;olk; ds :i esa½
[kkuk ijkslrs gq, gk¡ ugha
gksVy esa [kkuk ijkslrs gq, gk¡ ugha
cjru /kksrs gq, gk¡ ugha

gk¡ th gk¡ th uk th uk uk 2 15
rqe [kkuk [kkrs gks\ gk¡ th gk¡ th gk¡ th gk¡A
rqe [kkuk idkrs Hkh gks\ uk th uk th uk th ukA
[kkus dh gk¡] idkus dh uk! ,sls dSls pys tgk¡\
rqe xank djrs gks\ gk¡ th gk¡ th gk¡ th gk¡A
rqe lQ+kbZ Hkh djrs gks\ uk th uk th uk th ukA
xans dh gk¡] lQ+kbZ dh uk! ,sls dSls pys tgk¡\
rqe diMs+ igurs gks\ gk¡ th gk¡ th gk¡ th gk¡A
rqe diMs+ /kksrs Hkh gks\ uk th uk th uk th ukA
diM+ksa dh gk¡] /kksus dh uk! ,sls dSls pys tgk¡\
fdlh dks tUe ls dksbZ dke ugha vkrkA dke vkSj xq.k lh[kus vkSj
fl[kkus ls vkrs gSaA fiNys vH;kl esa geus ns[kk fd dke ds fy, t+:jh
dkS'ky ds ckotwn dke tc ?kj esa gks rks vkerkSj ij vkSjrsa djrh gSa]
vkSj ckgj gks rks vkneh djrs gSaA bl varj dk dkj.k dk;Z dk egRo
vkSj lekt esa vkSjr dh fLFkfr gSA
?kj ds dke djus ls iSls ugha feyrs] lEeku ugha feyrk] igpku ugha
curh] blfy, ;s dke vkSjrksa ds fgLls vkrs gSaA bl fyaxHksn dk cqjk
vlj flQZ yM+fd;ksa ij gh ugha] muds ifjokj] lekt vkSj iwjs ns'k ij
iM+rk gSA t+:jr gS gj dke dks egRo nsus dh vkSj ;g lqfu'pr djus
dh fd dke dk pquko O;fDr dks djus dk ekSdk feys] u fd dksbZ dke
fyax ds vk/kkj ij ml ij Fkksi fn;k tk,A lPpkbZ ;g gS fd fdlh Hkh
dke dks dksbZ Hkh dgha Hkh dj ldrk gSA
2
^deyk Hklhu] ^^/kEed /ke cPpksa ds xhr^^A tkXkksjh] 2008^

VkbZe & 'khV
uhps ,d cgqr et+snkj ?kM+h gS] ftlesa jax Hkjdj ns[k ldrs gSa fd vki
iwjs fnu esa] fdl le; D;k&D;k djrs gSaA lkspsa fd lqcg ls jkr rd
vki D;k&D;k djrs gSa\ dqN dke uhps fy[ks gSaA ;fn vki dksbZ vkSj
dke djrs gSa] rks mls Hkh uhps fy[kdj jax nsaA
Ldwy ds fy, rS;kjh
[ksy&dwn
lksuk
Ldwy
?kj ds dke
?kj esa i

,slh gh ,d jaxhu ?kM+h vius HkkbZ@cgu ds fy, cuk,¡A
9
10
11
12 1
2
3
8
4
jkr
7
6
5
5
6
7
fnu
4
3
2
1
12
11
lkspsa vkSj fy[ksa%
1. D;k vkidh vkSj vkids HkkbZ@cgu dh ?kM+h ,d tSlh gS\
dgha ,slk rks ugha fd HkkbZ dh ?kM+h esa [ksy&dwn dk jax T+;knk gS vkSj cgu dh esa dke dk\
D;k vki bls lgh dgsaxs\
10
9
8
2. D;k vki ?kfM+;ksa esa dqN cnyuk pkgrs gSa\ fdldh ?kM+h esa vkSj D;k\ crk,¡A
17

ns rkyh!
lg;knzh uxj] lhek vkSj mlds HkkbZ lquhy dk ?kjA
vjs! gekjs iM+ksl
esa ,d u;k
ifjokj vk;k gSA
gk¡ eq>s irk gS]
foiqy esjh gh Dykl
esa gSA
ek¡! eSa rks [ksyus
tk jgk gw¡A
foiqy dk ?kj
gsyks foiqy ! eSa
lquhy] ikl esa
jgrk gw¡A
gsyks
lquhy!
vPNk csVk! tYnh vkuk---lhek rw ;gk¡ D;k dj
jgh gS\ ?kj dk fdruk dke ckdh gSA
pyrs gSa] ij eSa
igys ?kj dk
dke iwjk dj yw¡\
pyks [ksyus
pysaA
?kj ds dke\
D;ksa] eEeh
ugha gS\
oks nwljs dke dj
jgh gSA
lquhy] nhnh
yks 'kjcr
ihvks
nhnh! rqe
Hkh [ksyus
pyksA
gk¡] pyksA
tYnh
vkukA
18

jkLrs eas---
D;k ?kj ds dke
djuk] [kkuk cukuk]
yM+dks dks ,slk
djuk pkfg,\
gk¡] D;ksa ughaA blesa cqjkbZ D;k gS\
gekjs ikik dHkh RkS;kj gksus esa gekjh
enn djrs gSa vkSj dHkh eEeh dks
[kkuk cukus esaA
rqe yM+fd;ksa
okys dke
djrs gks!
Lkquhy vkSj lhek dk ?kjA
lhek
[ksyus
pyksxh\
dke dksbZ
yM+ds &yM+dh okyk ugha
gksrk] ?kj esa lc feytqy
dj dke djrs gSaA
ugha] eq>s cgqr
dke gSA
?kj esa
rqe djksxs]
eEeh&ikik D;k
dgsaxs\
dqN dke eS a
dj nsrk gw¡A
os Hkh [kq'k gks tk,axs---
dke Hkh rks tYnh gks
tk,xkA fQj ge nksuksa
lkFk [ksysaxs vkSj i

vUrj [kkstsa
uhps fn, x;s fp=ksa dks /;ku ls ns[ksaA D;k yM+ds vkSj yM+fd;ksa ds O;ogkj esa dqN vUrj gS\
20

lkspsa vkSj fy[ksa
1. yM+ds vkSj yM+fd;ksa ds dk;Z vkSj O;ogkjksa esa D;k vUrj fn[krs gSa\ nksuksa fp=ksa dks ns[ksa vkSj
uhps fy[ksaA
2. vkSj D;k vUrj fn[krk gS\
fp= 1 fp= 2
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3. ;s vUrj D;ksa gSa\ vius nksLrksa] Vhpj vkSj ifjokj okyksa ds lkFk ppkZ djsa
vkSj vius fopkj fy[kdj ;k fp= cukdj O;Dr djsaA
yM+dk&yM+dh vyx gSa]
vleku ughaA
21

ck/kk,¡ djuh gSa ikj- - -
lkbeu cM+k gks dj Qjgku v[krj dh rjg ghjks vkSj xk;d cuuk pkgrk gS vkSj vfylk MkWDVj
cuuk pkgrh gSA vius y{; dks ikus ds fy, bUgsa dkSu&dkSulh ck/kk,¡@#dkoVsa ikj djuh gksaxh\
ekrk&firk dh
mEehn MkWDVj]
bathfu;j cukus dh
lkbeu dks vkSj dkSulh
ck/kkvksa dk lkeuk djuk
iM+ ldrk gS\
iSls dh fnDdr]
tYnh dekus dh t+:jr
nksLrksa dk ncko
ifjokj izksRlkgu
u feyuk
22

dkWyst dk nwljs 'kgj esa gksuk
vfylk dks vkSj
dkSulh ck/kkvksa dk
lkeuk djuk iM+
ldrk gS\
de mez esa 'kknh
NsM+&NkM+] ckgj vkus&tkus
dh jksd&Vksd
iSls dh fnDdr &
fdrkc@V~;w'ku
yM+dh dh i

Ldwy ds dk;ZØe esa cPpksa us dkQh mRlkg ls Hkkx fy;kA
Vhpj vkSj ekrk&firk us Hkh cPPkksa dh
iz'kalk dhA
'kkjnk vius ukp ls cgqr [kq'k FkhA
;g lksprs gq, ykSV jgh Fkh fd ?kj esa
lcdks crk,xh( lc fdruk [kq'k gksaxsA
jkLrs esa mls gjh'k vius nksLrksa ds lkFk
feyrk gSA
dkSu lgh] dkSu xyr\
'kkjnk vkSj fnus’k dh dgkuh
gjh'k% vkt rqeus D;k ukp fd;k Fkk!
et+k vk x;kA
'kkjnk fcuk dqN dgs vkxs c

'kkjnk% ek¡] ns[kks HkbZ;k dks D;k gks x;k!
Ekk¡% ;g lc dSls gks x;k\ fdruh ckj euk fd;k gS]
yM+kbZ er djks] ysfdu rqe lqurs gh ugha gksA
fnus'k% ¼xqLls ls½ lc bldh otg ls gqvk gSA cgqr
esdvi vkSj ukpus dk 'kkSd gS uA ek¡ ;fn eSaus bls
esdvi ;k ukprs gq, ns[kk rks blds gkFk&iSj rksM+
nw¡xkA bls ?kj ls fudyus dh t+:jr D;k gS\ ?kj
esa ugha jg ldrh D;k\
fnus'k t+ksj ls 'kkjnk dks ,d FkIiM+ ekjrk gSA
'kkjnk jksrs gq, vUnj pyh tkrh gSA
D;k 'kkjnk ft+Eesnkj gS fnus'k dh pksV ds fy,\
vki fnus'k dh txg gksrs rks D;k djrs\
D;k ;g dgkuh fdlh vkSj rjg gks ldrh gS\ D;k vki bldk dksbZ Mk;ykWx ;k fdjnkj
cnyuk pkgsaxs\ viuh ubZ dgkuh vxys ist ij fy[ksaA
25

,d FkIiM+ dh nks dgkfu;k¡
26
;fn bl dgkuh ds yM+dksa dks yM+dh vkSj yM+dh dks yM+dk cuk nsa rks dgkuh D;k
gksxh\ lkspsaA

fj'rs&ukrs
vki vius ^viuksa dks* tSls & eEeh&ikik] HkkbZ&cgu vkSj nksLrksa dks fdruk tkurs gSa\ vjs! vki rks
lkspus yxs! pyks ,d [ksy [ksysaA bl [ksy esa vkidks mudh ilUn] ukilUn ds ckjs esa fy[kuk gSA
¼ugha irk gks rks muls iwNsa½
eEeh@ikik dks fdruk
tkurs gSa\
• mudk liuk gS
vius HkkbZ&cgu dks vki
fdruk tkurs gSa\
• mls djuk ilUn gS
vki vius lcls vPNs
nksLr dks fdruk tkurs gSa\
• mls djuk ilUn gS
• oks nq[kh gks tkrs gSa tc
• og nq[kh gksrk@gksrh gS tc
• oks nq[kh gksrk gSa tc
• mUgsa djuk ilUn gS
• mldk liuk gS
• mldk liuk gS
• oks xqLlk gksrs gaS tc
• og xqLlk gksrk@gksrh gS tc
• oks xqLlk gksrk@gksrh gS tc
27

a
[kqn dks tkuks] nksLr igpkuks
nksLrh dh u tkus fdruh dgkfu;k¡ ge lcus iko HkhA fLFkfr;ksa dks iko vkidks lcls mfpr yxs]
ml ij fu'kku yxk,¡A
1. vkids nksLr Dykl NksM+dj fQYe ns[kus dk dk;ZØe cukrs gSaA oks vki ls Hkh pyus dks dgrs gSaA vPNs nksLr
gksus ds ukrs vki D;k djsaxs\
lkFk tk,¡xsA
euk dj nsaxsA
mUgsa tkus ls jksdsaxsA
Vhpj dks crk,¡xsA
2. vkids nksLr fdlh yM+dh dks fpdj uqdlku ;k pksV u igq apk,¡A tks gekjs eu es a ckr gks] oks ge nwljs
O;fDr ¼nksLr½ ls dg ik,¡A ges a ;g fo'okl gks fd og Hkh gekjh ckr dks le>s] egRo ns] mldk vknj
djsA blh rjg nwljs dh et+hZ vkSj ckrks a dh bT+t+r djuk] mldh ^uk* dk lEeku djuk cgqr t+:jh gSA
lgh vkSj LoLFk fj'rs esa t+ksj t+cjnLrh dh dksbZ txg ugha gksrhA
mÙkj feykvks & gj fLFkfr dk fo'ys"k.k 41 ist ij fn;k x;k gSA
28

eq>ls nksLrh djksxs
gekjs nksLr gekjs fy, [kkl gksrs gSaA muesa dqN ,slh [kwfc;k¡ gksrh gSa tks gesa Hkkrh gSaA
eq>esa ,slh dkSu&lh 3 [kwfc;k¡ gksa] ftlls vki eq>s viuk nksLr cuk ysa\
fy[ksa] fp= cuk,¡ ;k QksVks fpidk,¡A
29

D;k gS fgalk\
fgalk fdls dgrs gSa\ blds D;k :i gSa\ uhps fn, x, O;ogkj i

cPPkksa ds lkFk fgalk
tc dksbZ O;fDr vkidks ekjrk gS ;k vkidks nq%[kh djrk gS] rks ;g fgalk gSA bldk eryc fdlh
ds 'kjhj ;k Hkkouk dks PkksV igq¡pkuk gSA ;gk¡ rd fd ;fn dksbZ flQZ bruk dgrk gS fd **eSa rq>s
ek:¡xk**] fgalk gSA tc dksbZ Loa; dks pksV igq¡pkrk gS rks og Hkh fgalk gh gSA
yM+ds vkSj yM+fd;k¡ dbZ rjg ls fgalk ds f'kdkj curs gSaA dHkh&dHkh mUgs a Mk¡Vk] ekjk&ihVk ;k
dejs esa cUn fd;k tkrk gSA cPps izfrfnu dbZ izdkj dh fgalk ns[krs gSa vkSj mldk lkeuk djrs gSaA
'kkjhfjd fgalk
'kjhj dks pksV igq¡pkuk tSls&
• gkFk&iSj ;k fdlh pht+ ls ekjuk • ihVuk • Qsaduk
• xyk nckuk • t+ksj ls fgykuk • flxjsV vkfn ls tykuk
• cky [khapuk
D;k cPpksa dh xyrh dks lq/kkjus dk 'kkjhfjd fgalk gh ,d ek= jkLrk gS\
ekufld fgalk
'kCn ;k O;ogkj ls Hkkoukvksa dks pksV igq¡pkuk tSls&
• t+ksj ls fpYykuk • /kedkuk • csodwQ] Hkn~nk tSls x¡ns 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx djuk
• ;g dguk fd dksbZ mls I;kj ugha djrk • v¡/ksjs@,dkar dejs esa cUn djuk
• mis{kk djuk & ek¡&cki] ifjokj ds lnL; ;k Vhpj vkfn dk cPps ds
izfr I;kj u fn[kkuk] ckr u djuk] yEcs le; rd vdsys NksM+uk] mis{kk
djuk dgykrk gSA
ekufld fgalk dh pksV fn[krh ugha] ij og cPps ds eu ij xgjk
vlj NksM+rh gSA cPpk [kqn dks cqjk ;k NksVk eglwl djus yxrk gS]
[kkldj tc fgalk ,sls O;fDr }kjk gks ftlls cPpk I;kj djrk gksA
31

lrkuk
;kSu fgalk
bl rjg Nwuk ;k O;ogkj djuk ftlls cPpk vlgt eglwl djs ;k
mls cqjk yxsA tSls&
• cPps ds xqIrkaxksa dks Nwuk • vius xqIrkaxksa dks fn[kkuk@
cPps ls Nqvkuk • xans tksd ;k dgkuh lqukuk • xanh QksVks
fn[kkuk • cPps ds lkFk ;kSu lECka/k j[kuk
T+;knkrj ;kSu fgalk dksbZ vkSj ugha cfYd tku&igpku okys gh djrs
gSaA
cPpksa }kjk nwljs cPpksa ij 'kkjhfjd] ekufld ;k ;kSu fgalk djukA tSls&
• /kedkuk • viekfur djuk
• fp dj uqdlku igq¡pkuk
lrkus okys cPps mu cPpksa dks rax djrs gSa] tks muls
det+ksj ;k NksVs gksaA
vDlj cPps dks ;g ,glkl fnyk;k tkrk gS fd dqN
fgalkvksa ds fy, os [kqn ft+Eesnkj gSa & vxj os 'kjkjr djsa
;k ckr u lqusaA ij leL;k lqy>kus] le>kus ds vkSj Hkh
rjhds gSaA fgalk dk bLrseky fdlh Hkh ifjfLFkfr esa lgh ugha gSA
vki D;k lksprs gSa\
32
vkids lkFk gq, fgalk ds fy, vki ft+Eesnkj ugha gSaA

lqj{kk dh vksj
fgalk dks jksdus ds fy, vki D;k dj ldrs gSa\ fp«k cuk,¡] QksVks fpidk,¡ ;k fy[ksaA
u djks vR;kpkj] jgks ges'kk le>nkj
33

ugha Mjsaxs] lkFk cs ilUn
ugha] ges'kk rax
djrk gSA
D;k ge lc fey
dj dqN ugha dj
ldrs\
feydj lkeuk
djsaxs rks t+:j
dqN gksxk
D;k gqvk] mnkl
D;ksa gksa\
esjh Dykl
esa Hkh ,slh ,d
yM+dh gS----- lcdks
rax djrh gSA
vxys fnu Ldwy esa fnis'k vkSj :ikyh dqN yM+ds&yM+fd;ksa ds lkFk
jkts'k cgqr rax djrk gSA
NksVs cPpksa dks ihVrk Hkh gSA
ns[kks jkts'k dks!
fQj rax dj jgk gS
NksM+ks] dkSu iaxk ysxk
pyks rks lc
pyrs gSa
jkts'k! D;ksa rax
dj jgs gks\
;s Bhd
ugha gS
bUgsa
NksM+ nks!
rqEgkjs lkFk ,slk gks
rks dSlk yxsxk\
34

Bhd gS----- Bhd gS
ns[k yawxk] pyksA
/kU;okn
vkxs dHkh ,slk
u gks] ,slk dqN
djuk pkfg,
lgh gS!
ij D;k\
D;ksa u ,d fgalk jksdks
Dyc cuk,a!
D;k
vkbfM;k gS!
gekjk dke gksxk & fgalk dks jksduk
tgk¡ fn[ks ogka
igq¡p tk,axs
yksxksa dks le>k,axsA
ckrphr djuk
fl[kk,axs
;s gqbZ uk ckr!
pqIih rksM+ks] fgalk jksdksA
ugha Mjsaxs] lkFk c

fgalk ls cpko 3
Lo;a dks rFkk vU; cPpksa dks fgalk ls cpkus ds fy, vki cgqr dqN dj ldrs gSaA
euk djsa
vkidks dksbZ bl rjg ls Nq, tks vkidks vPNk u yxs rks vkidks mls euk djus dk
iwjk vf/kdkj gSA pkgs os tku&igpku okys gh gksa] mUgsa t+:j euk djsaA
Hkkx tk,a
;fn vtuch ;k dksbZ O;fDr vkidks uqdlku igq ¡pkus dk iz;kl djs] rks ogka ls nkSM+dj nwj
Hkkx tk,¡A enn ek¡xsaA ;g /;ku jgs fd tgka vki nkSM+ dj tk jgs gksa] ogk¡ T+;knk yksx gksaA
t+ksj ls fpYyk,¡
;fn dksbZ vkidks pksV&igq¡pkus dk iz;kl djs rks ml ij t+ksj ls fpYyk,¡A tc
vki ijs'kkuh esa gSa rks fdlh dks cqyk,¡A
Nqik,¡ ugha
vius lkFk gqbZ fgalk dks dHkh Nqik,¡ ugha( vDlj tks yksx cPpksa ds lkFk xyr gjdr djrs gSa] os
ges'kk cPpksa dks fdlh dks crkus ls euk djrs gSaA ,slk O;fDr tkurk gS fd mlus xyr fd;k gS]
blfy, [kqn dks cpkuk pkgrk gSA
xys yxkuk vkSj I;kj djuk vPNk gSA ysfdu dksbZ Hkh bls Nqikus ds fy, ugha
dgsxkA ;fn ,slk dksbZ Hkh dgrk gS rks vki fdlh cM+s O;fDr dks] ftl ij vki
Hkjkslk djrs gSa] t+:j crk,¡A u 'kekZ,¡] u fgpfdpk,¡ & vki ij fgalk gksuk
vkidh xyrh ugha gSA
vius 'kjhj dks tkus
'kjhj ds fofHkUu vaxksa dks tkfu, ^vPNk Nwus* vkSj ^cqjk Nwus* esa vUrj Hkh igpkfu,A
dksbZ Hkh O;fDr ,sls ugha Nw ldrk tks vkidks vPNk u yxs ;k vlgt yxsA tc
vki fdlh O;fDr ds Nwus ;k mlds O;ogkj esa vPNs&cqjs dk vUrj u dj ik,¡ rks
fdlh cM+s O;fDr dks] ftl ij vki Hkjkslk djrs gSa] t+:j crk,¡A
36
3
lso n fpYMªu] ^^lsQ ;w ,aM lsQ eh^^ ij vk/kkfjrA

migkj ugha ysa
cxSj eEeh&ikik ;k ?kj okyksa dks crk, fdlh ls feBkbZ] iSls ;k migkj er yhft,A
ifjokj ds lnL;ksa ;k fe=ksa ls migkj ysuk Bhd gS] fdUrq dHkh&dHkh cM+ s yksx Hkh]
ftu ij vki Hkjkslk djrs gS a] vkids lkFk dqN xyr djus ds fy, migkj ;k iSls nsrs
gSaA vxj dqN xyr ;k vlgt yxs] rks fdlh dks t+:j crk,¡A
fdlh dks crk,¡
vkids lkFk fgalk gks rks ,sls O;fDr dks t+:j crk,¡ ftl ij vkidks Hkjkslk
gksA ,slk djuk dHkh&dHkh dfBu Hkh gks ldrk gSA ;fn vkidks yxrk gS fd
vki ckr ugha dj ldrs gSa rks vius eEeh&ikik dks fy[kdj crkb, fd vkids
lkFk D;k gks jgk gSA ;fn vkidks eEeh&ikik dks crkus esa dfBukbZ gks jgh gks
rks fdlh cM+s O;fDr dks] ftl ij vki Hkjkslk djrs gSa] t+:j crk,¡A
vkius ;k vkids fdlh nksLr us fgalk ls cpus ds fy, dqN fd;k\ ;fn gk¡] rks mlds ckjs
esa fy[ksa vkSj vius nksLrksa ds lkFk ppkZ djsaA
gesa fgalk jfgr thou thus dk vf/kdkj gSA ge bls ugha lgsaxsA
37

vkvks tkusa ,pvkbZoh vkSj ,M~l dks
1. ,M~l D;k gS\
,M~l dk vFkZ gS] ,Dok;MZ & nwljs O;fDr ls çkIr djukA bE;wuksMsfQf'k;sUlh & chekfj;ksa ds ok;jl
ls 'kjhj dh j{kk djus okyh 'kjhj dh jksx çfrjks/kd {kerk esa dehA flUMªkse & chekfj;ksa ds y{k.kksa
dk lewgA
2. ,pvkbZoh D;k gS\
,pvkbZoh ,d ok;jl ;k thok.kq gS] ftlls ,M~l gksrk gSA bldk iwjk uke gS
& g~;weu bE;wuksMsfQf'k;sUlh ok;jlA ;g ok;jl 'kjhj dh jksx çfrjks/kd
“kfDr ij geyk djrk gS] ftlds dkj.k ejht+ dks vU; chekfj;ka gksus dh
laHkkouk c

4. D;k gkFk feykus ;k lkFk cSBus ls ,pvkbZoh QSyrk gS\
ugha] gkFk feykus ;k lkFk cSBus ls ,pvkbZoh ugha QSyrk gSA Åij fn, pkj
rjhdksa ds vykok ,pvkbZoh fdlh vkSj rjg ls ugha QSyrk gSA ;g u rks lkFk
[ksyus ls] u gh ,d diM+s ds bLrseky ls QSyrk gSA
5. ,pvkbZoh laØe.k dk irk dSls py ldrk gS\
,pvkbZoh dk irk dsoy [kwu dh tk¡p ls py ldrk gSA ;g tk¡p fdlh Hkh ljdkjh vLirky esa
eqr esa djokbZ tk ldrh gSA
6. D;k bykt ls ,M~l Bhd gks ldrk gS\
nqHkkZX;o'k vHkh rd ,M~l dks iw.kZ:i ls Bhd djus okyh nokb;k¡ ugha
cuh gSaA nokbZ ftldk uke gS ,sUVh&jsVªksOgk;jy (ARV) flQZ 'kjhj dh
jksx çfrjks/kd {kerk dks d`f=e :i ls lqn`

fo'ys"k.k
D;k gks ldrk gS\ fØdsV [ksys vkSjr] vkneh cuk, [kkukA
1. ^muls [kkuk cukus dh mEehn ugha dh tkrh^A
dksbZ Hkh tUe ls dksbZ dke lh[kdj ugha vkrkA ;g ifjokj }kjk cpiu ls fl[kk;k tkrk gSA
cpiu ls csVh dks [kkuk cukuk fl[kk;k tkrk gS] ogha yM+ds dks jlksbZ esa tkus ls euk fd;k
tkrk gSA yM+dksa dks crk;k tkrk gS fd [kkuk cukuk yM+fd;ksa dk dke gS] mudk ughaA
2. ^mUgsa T+;knk dekus ds ekSds ugha feyrs^A
gekjs lekt esa ;g ekuk tkrk gS fd dekus dh ft+Eesnkjh iq#"kksa dh gS vkSj ?kj vkSj cPpksa
dh ns[kHkky djuk efgykvksa dhA bldks /;ku esa j[krs gq, cpiu ls gh yM+dksa dks i

6. mUgsa [ksyus ds ekSds ugha feyrs^A
dksbZ Hkh [ksy fdlh dks tUe ls ugha vkrkA [ksy lh[kus vkSj vH;kl djus ls vkrk gSA
cpiu ls gh yM+dksa dks cSV&ckWy nsdj ckgj Hkstk tkrk gS] ogha yM+fd;ksa dks xqfM+;k ls ?kj
esa [ksyus ds fy, dgk tkrk gSA ftls [ksyus ds ekSds ugha feysa] mls [ksyuk dSls vk,xk\ ij
ftu yM+fd;ksa dks ekSds feys mUgksaus jk"Vªh; vkSj vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij [ksy dj ns'k dk uke
jkS'ku fd;kA
7. ^yM+fd;k¡ det+ksj ekuh tkrh gS a^A
^yM+ds et+cwr vkSj yM+fd;k¡ det+ksj gksrh gSa^ & ;g lksp lPpkbZ ls nwj gS] et+cwrh dbZ rjg
ls le>h tk ldrh gS ¼'kks/kks a us lkfcr fd;k gS fd ;fn yM+ds vkSj yM+dh dks cjkcj
lqfo/kk,¡ nh tk,¡] rks yM+fd;ks a dh vk;q yM+dks a ls T+;knk gksxh] chekfj;ks a ls yM+us dh {kerk
T;knk gksxh½A ;fn 'kkjhfjd rkdr dh ckr djs a rks ;g T+;knkrj [kku&iku o O;k;ke ij
fuHkZj djrk gS] ftlls yM+dks a dks T+;knk ekSds feyrs ga SA oSls Hkh vkius vkSjrks a dks Hkkjh lkeku]
ikuh ds eVds mBk, gq, yEch nwjh r; djrs gq, ns[kk gksxkA [ksrks a es a yEcs le; >qddj cqvkbZ
djrh vkSjrksa dh 'kkjhfjd {kerk D;k de gksrh gS\
8. ^mUgsa VSDlh pykus ugha fn;k tkrk^A
,slk ugha gS fd vkSjrsa VSDlh pyk ugha ldrhA fdruh gh vkSjrsa dkj pykrh gSaA njvly
lekt bl dke dks yM+fd;ksa ds fy, Bhd ugha le>rkA fgalk dks dkj.k crk dj ?kj okys
vkSjrksa dks ckgj tkus ls jksdrs gSaA lekt dks lqjf{kr cukus ds ctk; yksx vkSjrksa dks ?kj
esa can djuk T+;knk lgh le>rs gSaA bl lksp dks pqukSrh nsrs gq, eqacbZ vkSj fnYyh dh ,d
laLFkk us lHkh VSDlh Mªkboj efgyk,¡ gh j[kh gSaA
9. ^;g mudh ft+Eesnkjh ugha ekuh tkrh^A
blh dkj.k ls vknfe;ksa dks ;g dke dHkh ugha fl[kk;k tkrk gSA lp ;g gS fd fdlh Hkh
vU; dke dh rjg vkneh Hkh cPps dh ns[kHkky djuk lh[k ldrs gSa vkSj dj ldrs gSaA
^[kqn dks tkuks] nksLr igpkuks---^
1. ^mUgsa tkus ls jksdsaxs^A
vPNs nksLr dh ft+Eesnkjh gS fd ;fn mlds nksLr xyr dke dj jgs gksa] rks og mUgsa
csf>>d dgsA
41

2. ^nksLrksa dks jksdus dh dksf'k'k djsaxs^A
fdlh dks fp

yM+dh ds ^uk* dks
^gk¡* le>uk
100 99 97 96
81 82 83 84 85
lk¡i&lh

fgalk dks cPps
dks lq/kkjus dk
95 94 rjhdk ekuuk 92 91
86 87 88 89 90
75 74 73 72 71
66 67 68 69
cgqr t+:jr gks
rHkh vkSjr dks
fu.kZ; esa vkSjrksa
dks 'kkfey djuk
55 54 53
dekus nsuk
51
3
2
3
1
lqMksdw
2
4
1
4
46 47 48 49 50
nwljs cPpksa dk
et+kd mM+kuk
34 33 32 31
26 27 28
yM+dh ds lkFk
15 14 12 11
gks jgh ekj&ihV
dk fojks/k djuk
yM+dh ds lkFk gq,
NsM+&NkM+ ds fy, mUgsa
gh ft+Eesnkj ekuuk
yM+dh dks yM+dksa
ds leku ikSf"Vd
[kkuk nsuk
cps vad [kkstks
65
91
39
13
6 7 8 9 10

vHkh rd geus [ksy–dgkuh }kjk
tsaMj] vkSj fgalk ij ckrsa dhA bl
nkSjku vkids eu esa fdrus gh iz'u
mBs gksaxs] my>us iSnk gqbZ gksaxhA
bUgsa uhps fy[ksa rkfd mu ij ppkZ
dh tk ldsA

u [ksy&dgkfu;ksa us D;k vkids
lksp ;k O;ogkj dks izHkkfor fd;k\
D;k vkius dqN u;k lkspk ;k fd;k\
[kqn esa vk, cnyko dks fy[kdj]
fp= cukdj ;k QksVks fpidk dj
O;Dr djsaA

eSa]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ¼uke½]
-------------------------------------------------------------------¼Ldwy dk uke½]
dk fo|kFkhZ ;g izfrKk djrk@djrh gw¡W fd eSa%
• lHkh yM+dksa vkSj yM+fd;ksa dks cjkcjh dk ntkZ
nw¡xk@nw¡xhA
• lHkh leL;kvksa dk vknj iwoZd gy fudkyw¡xk@
fudkyw¡xhA
• lHkh izdkj dh fgalk dk fojks/k d#¡xk@d#¡xhA