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Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares<br />
CRM: 433243-RJ<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong><br />
<strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o<br />
Bebê Prematuro<br />
Brasil, 2008/2009<br />
60 o Aniversário da <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> dos <strong>Direitos</strong> do Homem (1948-2008)<br />
30 o Aniversário da criação do Método Mãe-Canguru na Colômbia (1979-2009)
Dedicatória<br />
Aos bebês prematuros do mundo inteiro,<br />
Por todos os tempos,<br />
Aos seus familiares,<br />
Aos seus cuidadores,<br />
Com carinho.<br />
Agra<strong>de</strong>cimento especial<br />
Aos amigos e colaboradores queridos, sem os quais este trabalho não teria<br />
chegado até aqui: Alberto Mussa, André Marinho, Andréia Mortensen e seu<br />
esposo, Carla Brasil, Celso Tavares, Clarisse Dias, Francesca Felici, Grace<br />
Guz, Héctor Martinez, Heloisa Raposo, Jane Liang, Jatin<strong>de</strong>r Multani, João<br />
Vicente Alvarenga, Marcus Renato Carvalho, Maria do Carmo Facó, Miguel<br />
da Costa, Monica Gazmenga, Nelly Padilla, Paola Faria, Patricia Tagata, Raoni<br />
Souza e Veronica Peseck.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro
Apresentação<br />
“E então, minha criança linda, quero te dar o que trago na minha alma...<br />
Acolhe em ti, agora, <strong>com</strong> muita força e calor, aquilo em que me transformo<br />
<strong>para</strong> ti...: num arco-íris <strong>de</strong> amor.”<br />
Roberto Shinyashiki<br />
Um amor sem limites e uma entrega total dia e noite, <strong>com</strong> o corpo e a alma.<br />
Será o <strong>com</strong>promisso que <strong>de</strong>slumbrará o mundo. Mãe e filho estarão cobertos por um<br />
firmamento resplan<strong>de</strong>cente <strong>de</strong> suas luzes. Serão, talvez, imunes à chuva; po<strong>de</strong>rão<br />
afundar numa nascente cristalina e perceber não mais que a vibração sonora <strong>de</strong> suas<br />
águas.<br />
O fogo não os queimará, mas conseguirá transferir o calor <strong>de</strong> que o bebê necessita<br />
<strong>para</strong> que sua vida se encha cada vez mais <strong>de</strong> ânsias <strong>de</strong> viver.<br />
As harmonias serão tão doces que não <strong>de</strong>ixarão <strong>de</strong> se olhar nem <strong>de</strong> se admirar.<br />
O amor <strong>de</strong>sse ventre continuará acolhendo-o, porque a espera não foi em vão.<br />
A canção <strong>de</strong> ninar será <strong>com</strong>o nos meses <strong>de</strong> espera e, assim, as pulsações seguirão<br />
sincronizando-se <strong>para</strong> que esse formoso fruto venha a encontrar a mesma calma <strong>com</strong><br />
que tranquilamente <strong>de</strong>scansava enquanto crescia.<br />
Acaso po<strong>de</strong>remos imaginar o mundo <strong>de</strong> magias e encantamento que se estabelece<br />
quando a mãe consegue, pela primeira vez, acariciar seu filho <strong>com</strong> suas mãos, quando<br />
o ergue e o aperta contra seu peito e o coloca entre seus seios? Esses seios que o<br />
alimentarão <strong>com</strong> o leite da bonda<strong>de</strong> humana na relação mais sincera, no maior ato <strong>de</strong><br />
amor quando não existirá <strong>com</strong>promisso <strong>para</strong> lhe dar o alimento que fará eco em todo<br />
o seu ser, e, em troca, ele a olhará <strong>com</strong> o mais terno e sublime carinho. O pagamento<br />
será a beleza <strong>de</strong> sua presença e, assim, fazê-la feliz <strong>para</strong> o resto <strong>de</strong> sua existência.<br />
Além disso, o peso não importará, somente a condição clínica dará a medida da<br />
felicida<strong>de</strong> que uma mãe sentirá quando consiga ter o filho em seus braços.<br />
Abençoemos o Dr. Luís Mussa Tavares por ter escrito Os <strong>Direitos</strong> Universais do<br />
Prematuro. Tal <strong>com</strong>o aqui, nascem os iniludíveis <strong>de</strong>veres <strong>para</strong> que não se separem<br />
mãe e filho sob nenhuma justificativa.<br />
Cabe à mãe mostrar o mundo a seu filho, e a i<strong>de</strong>ia <strong>de</strong> família será sinalizada <strong>para</strong><br />
ele, que a enten<strong>de</strong>rá <strong>com</strong>o algo que se constitui <strong>de</strong> laços sagrados.<br />
Para o bebê prematuro, a Metodologia Mãe-Canguru necessita tão-somente do<br />
ser mais importante <strong>para</strong> ele: sua própria mãe.<br />
Os direitos dos bebês prematuros são nossos próprios <strong>de</strong>veres. Inclinemo-nos<br />
diante da majesta<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sse ser pequenino e vamos protegê-lo, pois a beleza <strong>de</strong> seu<br />
futuro é nosso <strong>com</strong>promisso.<br />
Héctor Martinez Gomes<br />
Neonatólogo pediatra; Metodologia Mãe-Canguru<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro
Presentación<br />
“Y entonces niño lindo, quiero darte lo que tengo en el alma... Lleva<br />
contigo, ahora, con mucha fuerza y calor, aquello en lo que me transformo<br />
<strong>para</strong> ti... En el arco iris <strong>de</strong> amor.”<br />
Roberto Shinyashiki<br />
Un amor sin límites y una entrega total día y noche, con el cuerpo y con<br />
el alma será el <strong>com</strong>promiso que maravillará al mundo. Madre e hijo estarán<br />
cubiertos por un firmamento tachonado <strong>de</strong> sus luces. Serán, quizás, inmunes<br />
a la lluvia, se podrán profundizar en un manantial sin haber percibido algo<br />
diferente a la frescura <strong>de</strong>l entorno sonoro <strong>de</strong> su agua.<br />
El fuego no los quemará, pero se logrará transfundir el calor que el bebé<br />
necesita <strong>para</strong> que su vida se llene <strong>de</strong> más ansias <strong>de</strong> vivir. Los cantos serán<br />
tan dulces que no <strong>de</strong>jarán <strong>de</strong> mirarse ni <strong>de</strong> admirarse. El amor <strong>de</strong> ese vientre<br />
seguirá acogiéndolo porque la espera no fue en vano. El arrullo será <strong>com</strong>o en<br />
los meses <strong>de</strong> espera y así se seguirán sincronizando los latidos <strong>para</strong> que ese<br />
hermoso fruto siga encontrando la calma con la que apaciblemente <strong>de</strong>scansaba<br />
mientras crecía.<br />
¿Acaso podremos imaginar el universo que se establece cuando la<br />
madre logra por vez primera acariciar su hijo con sus manos, cuando lo alza<br />
y lo estrecha contra su pecho y lo pone entre sus senos? Esos senos que lo<br />
alimentarán con la leche <strong>de</strong> la bondad humana en la relación más sincera, en<br />
el acto más gran<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> amor en don<strong>de</strong> no existirá <strong>com</strong>promiso por darle el<br />
alimento que retumbará en todo su ser, y, a cambio, él la mirará con el más<br />
sublime cariño. El pago solo será la belleza <strong>de</strong> su presencia, y así hacerla feliz<br />
el resto <strong>de</strong> su existencia.<br />
Por lo <strong>de</strong>más el peso no importará, solo la condición clínica dará la pauta<br />
<strong>de</strong> la felicidad que una madre sentirá cuando logre tener al hijo en sus brazos.<br />
Bendigamos al Dr. Luis M. Tavares por haber escrito los <strong>de</strong>rechos universales<br />
<strong>de</strong>l prematuro. Igual, <strong>de</strong> aquí, nacen los ineludibles <strong>de</strong>beres <strong>para</strong> que no los<br />
separen bajo ninguna condición. La madre le mostrará el mundo a su hijo, la<br />
familia le mostrará un vínculo sagrado.<br />
Para los neonatos prematuros La Metodología Madre Canguro solo<br />
necesita el ser más importante <strong>para</strong> él: su propia madre. Son los <strong>de</strong>rechos<br />
<strong>de</strong>l niño nuestros propios <strong>de</strong>beres. Inclinémonos ante la majestad <strong>de</strong>l niño y<br />
protejámoslo, pues la hermosura <strong>de</strong> su futuro es nuestro <strong>com</strong>promiso.<br />
Héctor Martínez Gómez<br />
Neonatólogo pediatra; Metodología Madre Canguro<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
Presentation<br />
And then, my lovely child, I want to give you what I have insi<strong>de</strong> my soul...<br />
Take it in now, with great strength and warmth what I transform myself for<br />
you…: a rainbow of love.<br />
Roberto Shinyashiki<br />
Boundless love and total <strong>de</strong>livery, day and night, with my body and soul. It will<br />
be an engagement which will dazzle the world. Mother and child will be covered<br />
by a shining sky of their lights. They will be, perhaps, immune to rain; they will be<br />
able to submerge in a crystalline spring and just perceive the sonorous vibration of<br />
its waters.<br />
Fire will not burn them, but will succeed in transferring the warmth the baby<br />
needs so that its life is fulfilled with the burning <strong>de</strong>sire of living more and more.<br />
Harmony will be so sweet that it won’t be hin<strong>de</strong>red of neither being looked at<br />
nor being admired. The love from this womb will continue to embrace it because<br />
the wait was not in vain. The lullaby will enjoy the waiting months and therefore<br />
the pulsations will follow synchronizing themselves so that this beautiful fruit may<br />
reach the same calm in which it peacefully rested while growing.<br />
By any chance, can we imagine the world of magic and enchantment established<br />
when a mother, for the first time, caresses her child with her hands, when she lifts<br />
him and holds him against her chest and places it between her breasts? These breasts<br />
that will feed it with the milk of human kindness in the most sincere relationship, in<br />
the largest act of love when there won’t be <strong>com</strong>mitment to give it the nourichment<br />
which will echo in all its body and in exchange it will look at her with the most<br />
ten<strong>de</strong>r and sublime love. Payment will be the beauty of its presence and therefore<br />
make her happy for the rest of her existence.<br />
Furthermore weight will be of no importance, only the clinical condition will give<br />
the measurement of happiness a mother will feel when she has her child in her arms.<br />
Let’s bless Dr. Luis Mussa Tavares for having written a <strong>Universal</strong> Declaration<br />
of Premature Babies Rights similar as in here, the unmistakable duties are born so<br />
that mother and child are never apart un<strong>de</strong>r no circumstances.<br />
It is the mother’s role to show the world to her child, and the family i<strong>de</strong>a will be<br />
<strong>de</strong>monstrated to it so that it will un<strong>de</strong>rstand it as something <strong>com</strong>posed of sacred bonds.<br />
For the premature baby, the Kangaroo Mother Care only needs the most<br />
important being for it: its own mother.<br />
The child’s rights are our own duties. Let’s bend over the majesty of this tiny<br />
being and let’s protect it because the beauty of its future is our <strong>com</strong>mitment.<br />
Héctor Martinez Gomes<br />
Neonatologist Pediatrician, Kangaroo Mother Care<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong><br />
<strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
A <strong>Universal</strong> Declaration of Premature Babies Rights<br />
世界早産児の権利宣言<br />
<br />
<strong>Universal</strong>a Deklaro <strong>de</strong> Rajtoj por Frunaskitaj Beboj<br />
<br />
EGY ÁLTALÁNOS NYILATKOZAT A<br />
KORASZULOTTSÉGROL SZÓLÓ JOGOKRÓL<br />
En ver<strong>de</strong>nserklæring om Præmature nyfødtes Rettighe<strong>de</strong>r<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Eine Allgemeine Rechtserklaerung fuer fruehgeborene Kin<strong>de</strong>r <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Una Declaración <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> Derechos <strong>para</strong> el Bebé Prematuro
Prematüre Bebek Haklarının Uluslararası Bildirisi<br />
<br />
atüre bebekler özgür ve hak <strong>de</strong>erleri açısından eit doarlar. Onlara vicdan ve<br />
-<br />
<br />
dilmitir.<br />
atüre <br />
bebekler kanun önün<strong>de</strong> insanlar gibi her yer<strong>de</strong> tanınma, kabul<br />
<br />
görme <br />
hiptirler.<br />
<br />
matüre bebek<br />
Kimbangi<br />
uzun bir<br />
kia<br />
süre<br />
Nza miansua<br />
ailesin<strong>de</strong>n<br />
wa<br />
keyfi<br />
muana<br />
olarak<br />
Nsulu<br />
veya ansızın/bir<strong>de</strong>nbire<br />
ırakılmaz. <br />
Böyle bir korunma, . telaffuz <br />
edilmese <strong>de</strong>, onların hayatlarının<br />
. <br />
ez bir parçasıdır.<br />
Общая декларация прав детей, рождённых преждевременно<br />
atüre bebekler hiçbir ayrım olmaksızın, ırk, renk, cinsiyet, milliyet veya sosyal<br />
ginlik,<br />
<br />
doum veya dier statüler <br />
gibi bilimsel olarak<br />
<br />
tespit edilen tedavi <br />
sahiptirler. Статья I Dahası bütün prematüre bebeklerin onları anlayan, iletiim <br />
<br />
<br />
.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
uyumlu Все недоношенные kararlar alabilen, дети ve рождены onların yararı свободными ve gelimelerini и с равными amaç edinen правами çok и<br />
plinli достоинствами. personel tarafından Им даны bakılmaya разум и сознание. hakları vardır. У них уже была жизнь до рождения, а<br />
также память, познания, эмоции и способность реагировать и взаимодействовать<br />
matüre bebekler ifa<strong>de</strong> ve görü özgürlüü haklarına sahiptirler. Bu ne<strong>de</strong>nle<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
с окружающим <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
миром. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
saygı duyduu, <strong>de</strong>er verdii, anladıı ve tanıdıı yakınlama ve uzaklama<br />
<br />
Статья<br />
<br />
II<br />
lacaktır. . Eer bebein <br />
temas ve geri çekilme gibi kiisel ihtiyaçları göz önün<strong>de</strong><br />
Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право на признаваться как личность<br />
lmazsa <br />
hiçbir <br />
Dichiarazione prosedür <br />
<br />
<br />
etik . <br />
olarak <strong>Universal</strong>e <strong>de</strong>erlendirilmez. <strong>de</strong>i Diritti <strong>de</strong>l<br />
<br />
Neonato Prematuro <br />
перед законом в любом месте.<br />
atüre bebek ikenceye veya zalimce insanlık dıı veya aaılayıcı (onur kırıcı)<br />
<br />
<br />
Статья III <br />
<br />
<br />
ya cezalandırmaya maruz kalmayacaktır. Onların acıları her zaman dikkate<br />
<br />
Никакой <br />
недоношенный<br />
önüne geçilecek ve <br />
<br />
<br />
ребёнок не может быть самоуправно и грубо забран из<br />
Déclaration universelle mo<strong>de</strong>rn bilimin <strong>de</strong>s saladıı droits mevcut du bébé metotlarla/yöntemlerle<br />
prématuré<br />
семьи на длительный период времени. Сохранение семейных связей –<br />
lecektir. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
фундаментальная Hiçbir yeni часть acı veren<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
жизни yöntem ребёнка. bebek <strong>de</strong> ibirlii için<strong>de</strong> olmadan ve bir<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
üdahele<strong>de</strong>n iyileme<strong>de</strong>n . <br />
balamayacaktır. Bu haktan yoksun bırakmak insan<br />
<br />
Статья <br />
IV
10<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
Artigo I<br />
Todos os prematuros nascem livres e iguais em dignida<strong>de</strong> e direitos. São dotados<br />
<strong>de</strong> razão e consciência. Possuem vida anterior ao nascimento, bem <strong>com</strong>o memória,<br />
aprendizado, emoção e capacida<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> resposta e interação <strong>com</strong> o mundo a sua<br />
volta.<br />
Artigo II<br />
Todo prematuro tem o direito <strong>de</strong> ser, em todos os lugares, reconhecido <strong>com</strong>o<br />
pessoa perante a lei.<br />
Artigo III<br />
Nenhum prematuro será arbitrariamente exilado <strong>de</strong> seu contexto familiar <strong>de</strong> modo<br />
brusco ou por tempo prolongado. A preservação <strong>de</strong>sse vínculo, ainda quando<br />
silenciosa e discreta, é parte fundamental <strong>de</strong> sua vida.<br />
Artigo IV<br />
Todo prematuro tem direito ao tratamento estabelecido pela ciência, sem distinção<br />
<strong>de</strong> qualquer espécie, seja <strong>de</strong> raça, cor, sexo, ou <strong>de</strong> outra natureza, origem nacional<br />
ou social, riqueza, nascimento, ou qualquer outra condição. Assim, todo prematuro<br />
tem o direito <strong>de</strong> ser cuidado por uma equipe multidisciplinar capacitada a<br />
<strong>com</strong>preendê-lo, interagir <strong>com</strong> ele e a tomar <strong>de</strong>cisões harmônicas em seu benefício<br />
e em prol <strong>de</strong> seu <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento.<br />
Artigo V<br />
Todo prematuro tem direito à liberda<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> opinião e expressão, portanto <strong>de</strong>verá<br />
ter seus sinais <strong>de</strong> aproximação e afastamento i<strong>de</strong>ntificados, <strong>com</strong>preendidos,<br />
valorizados e respeitados pela equipe <strong>de</strong> cuidadores. Nenhum procedimento será<br />
consi<strong>de</strong>rado ético quando não levar em conta <strong>para</strong> a sua execução as necessida<strong>de</strong>s<br />
individuais <strong>de</strong> contato ou recolhimento do bebê prematuro.<br />
Artigo VI<br />
Nenhum prematuro será submetido à tortura nem a tratamento ou castigo cruel,<br />
<strong>de</strong>sumano ou <strong>de</strong>gradante. Sua dor <strong>de</strong>verá ser sempre consi<strong>de</strong>rada, prevenida e<br />
tratada por meio dos processos disponibilizados pela ciência atual. Nenhum novo<br />
procedimento doloroso po<strong>de</strong>rá ser iniciado até que o bebê se reorganize e se<br />
restabeleça da intervenção anterior. Negar-lhe esse direito é crime <strong>de</strong> tortura contra<br />
a vida humana.<br />
Artigo VII<br />
Todo prematuro tem direito ao repouso, <strong>de</strong>vendo por isso ter respeitados seus<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
períodos <strong>de</strong> sono superficial e profundo que doravante serão tomados <strong>com</strong>o<br />
essenciais <strong>para</strong> seu <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento psíquico a<strong>de</strong>quado e sua regulação biológica.<br />
Interromper <strong>de</strong> forma aleatória e irresponsável sem motivo justificado o sono <strong>de</strong><br />
um prematuro é indicativo <strong>de</strong> maus-tratos.<br />
Artigo VIII<br />
Todo prematuro tem direito inalienável ao silêncio que o permita sentir-se o mais<br />
próximo possível do ambiente sonoro intrauterino, em respeito a seus limiares<br />
e à sua sensibilida<strong>de</strong>. Qualquer fonte sonora que <strong>de</strong>srespeite esse direito será<br />
consi<strong>de</strong>rada criminosa, hedionda e repugnante.<br />
Artigo IX<br />
Nenhum prematuro <strong>de</strong>verá, sob qualquer justificativa, ser submetido a procedimento<br />
estressante aplicado <strong>de</strong> forma displicente e injustificada pela Equipe <strong>de</strong> Saú<strong>de</strong>, sob<br />
pena <strong>de</strong> a mesma ser consi<strong>de</strong>rada negligente, <strong>de</strong>sumana e irresponsável.<br />
Artigo X<br />
Todo prematuro tem direito a perceber a alternância entre clarida<strong>de</strong> e penumbra, que<br />
passarão a representar <strong>para</strong> ele o dia e a noite. Nenhuma luz intensa permanecerá<br />
o tempo inteiro acesa, e nenhuma sombra será impedida <strong>de</strong> existir sob a alegação<br />
<strong>de</strong> monitorização contínua sem que os responsáveis por esses <strong>com</strong>portamentos<br />
<strong>de</strong>ixem <strong>de</strong> ser consi<strong>de</strong>rados displicentes, agressores e <strong>de</strong> atitu<strong>de</strong> dolosa.<br />
Artigo XI<br />
Todo prematuro tem direito, uma vez atingidas as condições básicas <strong>de</strong> equilíbrio<br />
e vitalida<strong>de</strong>, ao amor materno, ao calor materno e ao leite materno, que lhe são<br />
oferecidos pelo Método Mãe-Canguru. Caberá à Equipe <strong>de</strong> Saú<strong>de</strong> prover as<br />
condições estruturais mínimas necessárias a esse vínculo essencial e transformador<br />
do ambiente prematuro. Nenhum profissional ou cargo <strong>de</strong> <strong>com</strong>ando, em nenhuma<br />
esfera, tem a prerrogativa <strong>de</strong> impedir ou negar a possibilida<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sse vínculo que é<br />
símbolo da ciência tecnocrata redimida.<br />
Artigo XII<br />
Todo prematuro tem direito a ser alimentado <strong>com</strong> o leite <strong>de</strong> sua própria mãe ou,<br />
na falta <strong>de</strong>ssa, <strong>com</strong> o <strong>de</strong> uma outra mulher, tão logo suas condições clínicas o<br />
permitirem. Deverá ter sua sucção corretamente trabalhada <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> o início da<br />
vida e caberá à Equipe <strong>de</strong> Saú<strong>de</strong> garantir-lhe esse direito, afastando <strong>de</strong> seu<br />
entorno bicos <strong>de</strong> chupetas, chucas ou qualquer outro elemento que venha<br />
interferir negativamente em sua sucção saudável, bem <strong>com</strong>o assegurar-lhe seu<br />
a<strong>com</strong>panhamento por profissionais capacitados a facilitar esse processo. Nenhum<br />
custo financeiro será consi<strong>de</strong>rado <strong>de</strong>masiadamente gran<strong>de</strong> quando aplicado <strong>com</strong><br />
esse fim. Nenhuma fórmula láctea será displicentemente prescrita, e nenhum zelo<br />
será <strong>de</strong>scuidadamente aplicado sem que isso signifique <strong>de</strong>satenção e <strong>de</strong>samparo.<br />
O leite materno, doravante, será consi<strong>de</strong>rado e tratado <strong>com</strong>o parte fundamental da<br />
sua vida.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
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12<br />
Una Declaración <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> Derechos <strong>para</strong> el Bebé<br />
Prematuro<br />
Artículo I<br />
Todos los prematuros nacen libres e iguales en dignidad y <strong>de</strong>recho. Son dotados<br />
<strong>de</strong> razón y conciencia. Poseen vida anterior al nacimiento, bien <strong>com</strong>o memoria,<br />
aprendizaje, emociones y capacidad <strong>de</strong> respuesta e interacción con el mundo a su<br />
alre<strong>de</strong>dor.<br />
Artículo II<br />
Todo prematuro tiene el <strong>de</strong>recho <strong>de</strong> ser, en todos los lugares, reconocido <strong>com</strong>o<br />
persona por la ley.<br />
Artículo III<br />
Ningún prematuro será arbitrariamente exiliado <strong>de</strong> su contexto familiar <strong>de</strong> modo<br />
brusco o por tiempo prolongado. La preservación <strong>de</strong> este vínculo, aún siendo<br />
silenciosa y discreta, es parte fundamental <strong>de</strong> su vida.<br />
Artículo IV<br />
Todo prematuro tiene <strong>de</strong>recho al tratamiento establecido por la ciencia, sin distinción<br />
<strong>de</strong> cualquier especie, sea raza, color, sexo o <strong>de</strong> otra naturaleza, origen nacional<br />
o social, riqueza, nacimiento o cualquier otra condición. Así, todo prematuro<br />
tiene el <strong>de</strong>recho <strong>de</strong> ser cuidado por un equipo multidisciplinario, capacitado <strong>para</strong><br />
<strong>com</strong>pren<strong>de</strong>rlo, interactuar con él y tomar <strong>de</strong>cisiones armónicas en su beneficio y<br />
en pro <strong>de</strong> su <strong>de</strong>sarrollo.<br />
Artículo V<br />
Todo prematuro tiene <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y expresión, por lo<br />
tanto <strong>de</strong>berá tener sus señales <strong>de</strong> aproximación y alejamiento i<strong>de</strong>ntificadas,<br />
<strong>com</strong>prendidas, valorizadas y respetadas por el equipo <strong>de</strong> cuidadores. Ningún<br />
procedimiento será consi<strong>de</strong>rado ético si no tiene en cuenta <strong>para</strong> su ejecución las<br />
necesida<strong>de</strong>s individuales <strong>de</strong> contacto o <strong>de</strong>scanso <strong>de</strong>l bebé prematuro.<br />
Artículo VI<br />
Ningún prematuro será sometido a tortura ni a tratamiento o castigo cruel,<br />
<strong>de</strong>shumano o <strong>de</strong>gradante. Su dolor <strong>de</strong>berá ser siempre consi<strong>de</strong>rado, prevenido y<br />
tratado a través <strong>de</strong> los procesos disponibles por la ciencia actual. Ningún nuevo<br />
procedimiento doloroso podrá ser iniciado hasta que el bebé se reorganice y se<br />
restablezca <strong>de</strong> la intervención anterior. Negarle ese <strong>de</strong>recho es crimen <strong>de</strong> tortura<br />
contra la vida humana.<br />
Artículo VII<br />
Todo prematuro tiene <strong>de</strong>recho al reposo, <strong>de</strong>biendo por eso ser respetados sus<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
períodos <strong>de</strong> sueño superficial y profundo, los cuales serán tomados <strong>com</strong>o esenciales<br />
<strong>para</strong> su <strong>de</strong>sarrollo psíquico a<strong>de</strong>cuado y su regulación biológica. Interrumpir el<br />
sueño <strong>de</strong>l prematuro <strong>de</strong> forma aleatoria e irresponsable y sin motivo justificado es<br />
indicativo <strong>de</strong> malos tratos.<br />
Artículo VIII<br />
Todo prematuro tiene el <strong>de</strong>recho inalienable al silencio que le permita sentirse<br />
lo más cercano posible al ambiente sonoro intrauterino, respecto a sus límites y<br />
sensibilidad. Cualquier fuente sonora que irrespete ese <strong>de</strong>recho será consi<strong>de</strong>rada<br />
criminal, hedionda y repugnante.<br />
Artículo IX<br />
Ningún prematuro <strong>de</strong>berá, bajo ninguna justificativa, ser sometido a procedimientos<br />
estresantes aplicados <strong>de</strong> forma displicente e injustificada por el Equipo <strong>de</strong> Salud,<br />
pues se consi<strong>de</strong>rará a ésta negligente, <strong>de</strong>shumana e irresponsable.<br />
Artículo X<br />
Todo prematuro tiene <strong>de</strong>recho a percibir la alternancia entre claridad y penumbra,<br />
que pasarán a representar <strong>para</strong> él el día y la noche. Ninguna luz intensa permanecerá<br />
todo el tiempo encendida, y ninguna sombra será impedida <strong>de</strong> existir bajo la excusa<br />
<strong>de</strong> monitorización continua sin que los responsables por esos <strong>com</strong>portamientos<br />
<strong>de</strong>jen <strong>de</strong> ser consi<strong>de</strong>rados displicentes, agresores y <strong>de</strong> actitud dolosa.<br />
Artículo XI<br />
Todo prematuro tiene el <strong>de</strong>recho, una vez alcanzadas las condiciones básicas <strong>de</strong><br />
equilibrio y vitalidad, al amor materno, al calor materno y a la leche materna que<br />
le son ofrecidos a través <strong>de</strong>l método madre canguro. El Equipo <strong>de</strong> Salud <strong>de</strong>berá<br />
proveer las condiciones estructurales mínimas necesarias a este vínculo esencial<br />
y transformador <strong>de</strong>l ambiente prematuro. Ningún profesional o jefe <strong>de</strong> mando, en<br />
ninguna esfera, tiene el <strong>de</strong>recho <strong>de</strong> impedir o negar la posibilidad <strong>de</strong> ese vínculo<br />
que es símbolo <strong>de</strong> ciencia tecnócrata redimida.<br />
Artículo XII<br />
Todo prematuro tiene el <strong>de</strong>recho <strong>de</strong> ser alimentado con leche <strong>de</strong> su propia madre,<br />
o si falta ésa, con la <strong>de</strong> otra mujer, tan pronto <strong>com</strong>o sus condiciones clínicas lo<br />
permitan. Deberá tener su succión correctamente trabajada <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el inicio <strong>de</strong> la<br />
vida y cabrá al Equipo <strong>de</strong> Salud garantizarle ese <strong>de</strong>recho, evitando en su entorno<br />
chupetes, biberones o cualquier otro elemento que interfiera negativamente en su<br />
succión saludable, bien <strong>com</strong>o asegurando su a<strong>com</strong>pañamiento por profesionales<br />
capacitados <strong>para</strong> facilitar el proceso. Ningún costo financiero será consi<strong>de</strong>rado<br />
<strong>de</strong>masiado gran<strong>de</strong> cuando sea utilizado <strong>para</strong> ese fin. Ninguna fórmula láctea será<br />
prescrita con displicencia y ningún cuidado será aplicado <strong>de</strong> manera irresponsable<br />
sin que eso signifique <strong>de</strong>satención y <strong>de</strong>samparo. La leche materna, <strong>de</strong> ahora<br />
en a<strong>de</strong>lante, será consi<strong>de</strong>rada y tratada <strong>com</strong>o parte fundamental <strong>de</strong> la vida <strong>de</strong>l<br />
prematuro.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
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A <strong>Universal</strong> Declaration of Premature Babies Rights<br />
Article I<br />
All premature babies are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are<br />
endowed with reason and conscience. They possess life prior to birth, as well as<br />
memory, learning process, emotion and capacity to respond and interact with the<br />
world around them.<br />
Article II<br />
Every premature baby has the right be recognized as persons, everywhere, before<br />
the law.<br />
Article III<br />
No premature baby shall be arbitrarily or abruptly <strong>de</strong>prived of its family context<br />
for a prolonged period of time. The preservation of such bond, though silent and<br />
discreet, is a fundamental part of its life.<br />
Article IV<br />
Every premature baby is entitled to treatment established by science, without<br />
distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, national or social origin, property,<br />
birth or any other status. Furthermore, every premature baby is entitled to be taken<br />
care of by a multi-disciplinary team able to un<strong>de</strong>rstand it, interact with it, and able to<br />
make harmonious <strong>de</strong>cisions, aiming at its own benefit and <strong>de</strong>velopment.<br />
Article V<br />
Every premature baby is entitled to freedom of opinion and expression, therefore<br />
it shall have its signs for closeness and privacy i<strong>de</strong>ntified, un<strong>de</strong>rstood, valued and<br />
respected by the caretaker’s team. No procedure shall be consi<strong>de</strong>red ethical if it does<br />
not take into account the premature baby’s individual needs of contact or privacy.<br />
Article VI<br />
No premature baby shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading<br />
treatment or punishment. Its pain shall always be taken into account, prevented<br />
and treated with methods available by mo<strong>de</strong>rn science. No new painful procedure<br />
shall be initiated before the baby pulls itself together and recover from a previous<br />
intervention. To have this right <strong>de</strong>nied is a crime of torture against human life.<br />
Article VII<br />
Every premature baby has the right to rest, and to have its periods of both superficial<br />
and <strong>de</strong>ep sleep respected, which, hereafter shall be regar<strong>de</strong>d as essential for its<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
psychic <strong>de</strong>velopment suitable for its biological regulation. To interrupt the sleep<br />
of a premature baby at random and irresponsible way, without justified reason, is<br />
indicative of mistreatment.<br />
Article VIII<br />
Every premature baby has the inalienable right to silence to allow it to feel as close<br />
as possible to the intra-uterine sound environment, in or<strong>de</strong>r to respect its thresholds<br />
and sensibility. Any sound source that disrespects that right shall be consi<strong>de</strong>red<br />
criminal, vile and repugnant.<br />
Article IX<br />
No premature baby shall, un<strong>de</strong>r any justification, be submitted to stressful procedure<br />
applied in a careless and justified way by the health team, in which case it shall be<br />
consi<strong>de</strong>red negligent, inhuman and irresponsible.<br />
Article X<br />
Every premature baby has the right to notice the alternation between light and<br />
dark, which for it shall stand for night and day. No intense light shall be on all the<br />
time, nor shall any shadow be prevented from existing due to allegedly continuous<br />
monitoring, being the ones responsible for this behavior consi<strong>de</strong>red careless,<br />
aggressive and <strong>de</strong>ceitful.<br />
Article XI<br />
Every premature baby has the right, once reached the basic conditions of balance<br />
and vitality, to maternal love, to maternal warmth and maternal milk which shall<br />
be offered to it through the Kangaroo-Mother Method. It shall be up to the health<br />
team to provi<strong>de</strong> the minimum structural conditions necessary for this essential bond<br />
and premature atmosphere transformer. No professional or head of function in any<br />
segment have the prerogative to prevent or <strong>de</strong>ny the possibility of such bond which<br />
is a symbol of the re<strong>de</strong>emed technocrat science.<br />
Article XII<br />
Every premature baby has the right to be fed with its own mother’s milk, or, if she<br />
is not present, with the milk from another woman as soon as its clinic conditions<br />
permit. It should have its sucking ability correctly <strong>de</strong>veloped since the beginning<br />
of its life, and it is up to the health team to guarantee this right by moving away<br />
pacifiers, rubber nipples or any other object that may interfere negatively in their<br />
healthy sucking, as well as to assure that qualified professionals facilitate this<br />
process. No financial cost shall be consi<strong>de</strong>red too high when used for that aim. No<br />
formula shall be prescribed mindlessly. Carelessness shall be consi<strong>de</strong>red lack of<br />
attention and abandonment. Maternal milk, from now on, shall be consi<strong>de</strong>red and<br />
treated as a fundamental part of its life.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
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1<br />
Déclaration universelle <strong>de</strong>s droits du bébé prématuré<br />
Article I<br />
Tous les prématurés naissent libres et égaux en dignité et en droits. Ils possè<strong>de</strong>nt –<br />
et cela dès la pério<strong>de</strong> prénatale – la vie, une mémoire, <strong>de</strong>s apprentissages, une<br />
émotion propre ainsi que la capacité <strong>de</strong> <strong>com</strong>muniquer et d’interagir avec le<br />
mon<strong>de</strong> qui les entoure.<br />
Article II<br />
Tout prématuré a le droit d’être, en tous lieux, considéré <strong>com</strong>me une personne<br />
au regard <strong>de</strong> la loi.<br />
Article III<br />
Aucun prématuré ne sera arbitrairement retiré à son environnement familial <strong>de</strong><br />
manière brutale ou pour une durée prolongée. La préservation <strong>de</strong> ce lien avec<br />
la famille – même discrète et silencieuse – joue un rôle fondamental dans la<br />
vie du prématuré.<br />
Article IV<br />
Tout prématuré a droit à un traitement établi par la science, sans discrimination<br />
d’aucune sorte, qu’il s’agisse <strong>de</strong> l’origine ethnique, la couleur <strong>de</strong> peau, le sexe,<br />
ou bien la nationalité, l’origine sociale, la richesse, la «naissance» ou quelque<br />
autre distinction que ce soit. Ainsi, tout prématuré a le droit d’être soigné par<br />
une équipe pluridisciplinaire, capable <strong>de</strong> le <strong>com</strong>prendre, d’interagir avec lui,<br />
et <strong>com</strong>pétente pour prendre <strong>de</strong>s décisions harmonieuses pour son bien-être et<br />
sa croissance.<br />
Article V<br />
Tout prématuré a droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression. Par conséquent,<br />
ses signaux d’approche ou d’éloignement (sourires, larmes, cris…) <strong>de</strong>vront<br />
être i<strong>de</strong>ntifiés, <strong>com</strong>pris, valorisés, encouragés et respectés par l’équipe<br />
soignante. Aucune mesure ne sera considérée éthique lorsqu’elle ne prendra<br />
pas en <strong>com</strong>pte dans sa réalisation les besoins individuelles <strong>de</strong> contact humain<br />
ou <strong>de</strong> repli sur soi du bébé prématuré.<br />
Article VI<br />
Aucun prématuré ne sera soumis à la torture, ni à aucun traitement ou châtiment<br />
cruel, inhumain ou dégradant. Sa douleur <strong>de</strong>vra toujours être prise en <strong>com</strong>pte,<br />
prévenue, et traitée à l’ai<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> toutes les métho<strong>de</strong>s dont dispose la science<br />
actuellement. Aucun nouveau procédé douloureux ne <strong>de</strong>vra être initialisé avant<br />
que le prématuré ne se soit remis et rétabli <strong>de</strong> la précé<strong>de</strong>nte intervention. Lui<br />
ôter ce droit est un crime contre l’humanité.<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
Article VII<br />
Tout prématuré a droit au repos. Il conviendra donc <strong>de</strong> respecter ses pério<strong>de</strong>s<br />
<strong>de</strong> sommeil, léger ou profond, qui seront considérées essentielles pour son<br />
développement psychique et son équilibre biologique. Interrompre <strong>de</strong> manière<br />
aléatoire, irresponsable ou sans motif valable le sommeil d’un bébé prématuré<br />
représente une forme <strong>de</strong> maltraitance.<br />
Article VIII<br />
Tout prématuré a un droit inaliénable au silence. Il l’ai<strong>de</strong> à se sentir le plus<br />
proche possible <strong>de</strong> l’ambiance sonore intra-utérine, et permet <strong>de</strong> respecter son<br />
seuil <strong>de</strong> tolérance et sa sensibilité au bruit. Tout fond sonore qui ne respecterait<br />
pas ce droit sera considéré cruel, ignoble et révoltant.<br />
Article IX<br />
L’équipe soignante ne <strong>de</strong>vra, sous aucun prétexte, soumettre un bébé prématuré<br />
à un procédé effectué <strong>de</strong> manière stressante, pénible ou injustifiée, sous peine<br />
d’être considérée négligente, inhumaine et irresponsable.<br />
Article X<br />
Tout prématuré a le droit <strong>de</strong> percevoir l’alternance entre clarté et pénombre,<br />
qui représenteront pour lui le jour et la nuit. Il ne faudra laisser aucune lumière<br />
intense allumée en permanence ni empêcher l’obscurité avec pour seul prétexte<br />
la surveillance continue du prématuré. Les responsables <strong>de</strong> tels agissements<br />
auraient un <strong>com</strong>portement coupable et agressif.<br />
Article XI<br />
Tout prématuré a droit (une fois atteintes les conditions requises d’équilibre et<br />
<strong>de</strong> vitalité) à l’amour, à la chaleur et au lait maternel qui lui sont proposés à<br />
travers la Métho<strong>de</strong> Kangourou. Il appartiendra à l’équipe médicale d’assurer<br />
<strong>de</strong>s structures et un environnement propice au développement <strong>de</strong> ce lien<br />
relationnel, essentiel et formateur. Aucun professionnel <strong>de</strong> santé ou détenteur<br />
d’autorité n’a la prérogative d’empêcher la naissance <strong>de</strong> ce lien .En effet, cette<br />
attitu<strong>de</strong> symboliserait la science technocrate et dévouée au profit.<br />
Article XII<br />
Tout prématuré a le droit d’être nourri avec le lait <strong>de</strong> sa mère (ou en l’absence <strong>de</strong> celuici,<br />
avec le lait d’une autre femme) dès que ses conditions cliniques le permettent.<br />
Le bébé prématuré <strong>de</strong>vra pouvoir s’exercer à la succion. Les professionnels <strong>de</strong><br />
santé <strong>de</strong>vront être capables d’assurer ce droit au prématuré en éloignant <strong>de</strong> lui<br />
tous types <strong>de</strong> tétines en caoutchouc et autres éléments susceptibles <strong>de</strong> nuire à son<br />
apprentissage, en l’ac<strong>com</strong>pagnant, et en facilitant son entraînement à la succion.<br />
Aucun coût ne sera considéré excessif lorsqu’il sera utilisé à cette fin. Aucun lait<br />
infantile ne sera prescrit sans une réflexion préalable, et toute décision précipitée<br />
à ce sujet signifierait négligence et abandon. Le lait maternel sera désormais<br />
considéré et traité <strong>com</strong>me un élément fondamental <strong>de</strong> la vie du prématuré.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
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Eine Allgemeine Rechtserklaerung fuer fruehgeborene Kin<strong>de</strong>r<br />
Artikel I<br />
Alle Fruehgeborenen kommen frei und gleich, in Wuer<strong>de</strong> und Recht, zur Welt. Sie<br />
verfuegen breits ueber Verstand und Bewusstesein, sowie Gedaechtnis, Lernfaehigkeit,<br />
Gefuehle und die Faehigkeit zu antworten und mit ihrer Umwelt zu kommunizieren.<br />
Artikel II<br />
Je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehgorene hat das Recht, in allen Orten dieser Welt, als mit Menschenrechten<br />
versehene Person anerkannt zu wer<strong>de</strong>n.<br />
Artikel III<br />
Nicht ein Fruehgeborenes darf willkuerlich, ploetzlich o<strong>de</strong>r fuer verlaengerten Zeitraum<br />
aus seinem familiaeren Umkreis gerissen wer<strong>de</strong>n. Die Bewahrung <strong>de</strong>s familiaeren<br />
Zusammensein, wenn auch in stiller, diskreter Art und Weise ist fundametaler Teil <strong>de</strong>s<br />
Lebens eines je<strong>de</strong>n Neugeborenen.<br />
Artikel IV<br />
Je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehgeborene hat das Recht auf eine wissenschaftlich begleitete Behandlung,<br />
ohne jeglicher Unterscheidung von Rasse, Hautfarbe, Geschlecht, nationalem, sowie<br />
sozialem und fianziellen Hintergrund etc.; somit hat je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehgeborene das Recht<br />
auf die Behandlung und Beobachtung eines hochqualifizierten Aerzte-Teams, welches<br />
in <strong>de</strong>r Lage sein sollte, das Neugeborene zu verstehen, mit ihm zu kommunizieren<br />
und auf Grundlage <strong>de</strong>ssen Entscheidungen in seinem Sinne und im Hinblick auf seine<br />
Entwicklung zu treffen.<br />
Artikel V<br />
Je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehgeborene hat das Recht auf Meinungs- und Ausdrucksfreiheit. Somit sollten<br />
von ihm ausgehen<strong>de</strong> Zeichen von Zu- und Abneigung bestimmter Personen von <strong>de</strong>m<br />
behan<strong>de</strong>ln<strong>de</strong>n Aerzte-Team wahrgenommen, verstan<strong>de</strong>n und respektiert wer<strong>de</strong>n.<br />
Nicht eine medizinische Behandlung, die waehrend seiner Ausfuehrung nicht ausreichend<br />
Ruecksicht auf die individuellen, menschlichen Beduerfnisse <strong>de</strong>s Neugeborenen nimmt,<br />
kann und dar als ethisch angesehen wer<strong>de</strong>n.<br />
Artikel VI<br />
Kein Fruehgeborenes darf Qualen o<strong>de</strong>r grausamen, unmenschlichen o<strong>de</strong>r erniedrigen<strong>de</strong>n<br />
Behandlungen o<strong>de</strong>r Strafen ausgesetzt wer<strong>de</strong>n. Moegliche Schemerzen seinerseits<br />
sollten immer vorausgesehen, beruecksichtigt und mit wissenschaftlich geprueften<br />
Verfahren behan<strong>de</strong>lt wer<strong>de</strong>n. Nicht eine neueinsetzten<strong>de</strong>, mit Schemrzen verbun<strong>de</strong>ne<br />
Behandlung darf beginnen bevor sich das Neugeborene von <strong>de</strong>r vorherigen erholt und<br />
beruhigt hat. Die Missachtung dieses Rechtes gilt als Qual und Folter menschlichen<br />
Lebens.<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
Artikel VII<br />
Je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehgeborene hat das Recht auf Ruhezeit und somit muessen seine kurzen und<br />
tiefen Schlafzeiten respektiert und bewahrt wer<strong>de</strong>n. Diese gelten als wesentlich fuer seine<br />
adaequate, phsyichische Entwicklung und seine biologische Regulierung. Das willkuerliche,<br />
unbegruen<strong>de</strong>te Unterbrechen <strong>de</strong>s Schlafes eines Fruehgeborenen gilt als Misshandlung.<br />
Artikel VIII<br />
Je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehgeborene hat das unveraeusserliche Recht auf Ruhe, die es ihm ermoeglicht<br />
sich soweit wie moeglich, wie im intrauterinen Umfeld zu fuehlen. Jegliche Form <strong>de</strong>r<br />
lautstarken Belaestigung <strong>de</strong>s Kin<strong>de</strong>s wird als kriminell und unmenschlich angesehen.<br />
Artikel IX<br />
Nicht ein Fruegeborenes darf unangenehmen, stressen<strong>de</strong>n Behandlungen unterzogen<br />
wer<strong>de</strong>n, wenn diese nicht von gesun<strong>de</strong>heitlicher Be<strong>de</strong>utsamkeit und aerztlich empfohelen<br />
sind. An<strong>de</strong>rnfalls wird das behan<strong>de</strong>ln<strong>de</strong> Aerzte-Team als unmenschlich, unverantwortlich<br />
und nachlaessig zu Recht gezogen.<br />
Artikel X<br />
Je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehegborene hat das Recht auf <strong>de</strong>n regulierten Wechsel zwischen hell und dunkel<br />
in seinem Umfeld, durch <strong>de</strong>n fuer das Neugeborene Tag und Nacht dargestellt wer<strong>de</strong>n. Es<br />
darf we<strong>de</strong>r dauerhaft hell noch dunkel im Umfeld <strong>de</strong>s Kin<strong>de</strong>s sein. Wird eine Dauerhafte<br />
Ueberwachung <strong>de</strong>s Kin<strong>de</strong>s als dauerhafter Unterbrechungsgrund seiner Schlafzeiten<br />
angegeben o<strong>de</strong>r vorgetaeuscht, wer<strong>de</strong>n die behan<strong>de</strong>ln<strong>de</strong>n Aerzte als verantworlich zu Recht<br />
gezogen.<br />
Artikel XI<br />
Von <strong>de</strong>m Zeitpunkt aus, dass das Freugeborene ueber eine stabile Lebensfaehigkeit verfuegt,<br />
hat es Recht auf direkten Kontakt zur Mutter, Muttermilch und muetterlicher Waerme, die<br />
ihm mit Hand <strong>de</strong>r Kaenguru-Mutter-Metho<strong>de</strong> zur Verfuegung gestellt wer<strong>de</strong>n. Das fuer die<br />
Gesundheit <strong>de</strong>s Kin<strong>de</strong>s verantworliche Aerzte- Team hat dafuer zu sorgen, die grundlegen<strong>de</strong>n<br />
Utensilien und Raeumlichkeiten zur Verfuegung zu stellen, die fuer diesen Prozess noteenig<br />
sind. Nicht ein Arzt o<strong>de</strong>r sonstiger Beteiligter hat das Recht diesen Band und die mit diesem<br />
zusammenhaengen<strong>de</strong> Entwicklung <strong>de</strong>s Kin<strong>de</strong>s zu unterbin<strong>de</strong>n o<strong>de</strong>r zu verbieten, da diese<br />
als Simbol <strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>r bisher erlangten technokratischen Wissenschaft stehen.<br />
Artikel XII<br />
Je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehgeborene hat das Recht auf die Ernaehrung mit <strong>de</strong>r Milch seiner leiblichen<br />
Mutter o<strong>de</strong>r wenn diese nicht verfuegbar ist, <strong>de</strong>r Milch einer an<strong>de</strong>ren Frau, sobald es<br />
seine gesundheitlichen Umstaen<strong>de</strong> zu lassen. Das behan<strong>de</strong>ln<strong>de</strong> Aerzte-Team ist fuer das<br />
korrekte Erlernen <strong>de</strong>s Trinkens (Saugen) <strong>de</strong>s Kin<strong>de</strong>s verantwortlich. Somit sind sie dafuer<br />
zustaendig , dass Neugeborene nicht an Schnuller, Saugflaschen o<strong>de</strong>r sonstige Elemente,<br />
die sein Saugverhalten negativ beeintraechtigen koennen zu gewoehen. Die aerztliche<br />
Beobachtung und Begleitung dieses Prozesses ist von grosser Be<strong>de</strong>utsamkeit und muss<br />
somit unabhaengig von Preis und Dauer <strong>de</strong>s Prozesses versichert wer<strong>de</strong>n. Die aerztliche<br />
Verschreibung von falsch dosierter Milchprodukte o<strong>de</strong>r aerztlicher Uebereifer gilt als<br />
undachtsam und verantwortunglos.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
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20<br />
Dichiarazione <strong>Universal</strong>e <strong>de</strong>i Diritti <strong>de</strong>l Neonato Prematuro<br />
Articolo I<br />
Tutti i neonati prematuri nascono liberi e con uguali dignità e diritti. Sono dotati<br />
di ragione e coscienza. Hanno una vita prece<strong>de</strong>nte alla nascita, così <strong>com</strong>e memoria,<br />
abilità, emozioni e capacitá di rispon<strong>de</strong>re e interagire con il mondo che li circonda.<br />
Articolo II<br />
Ovunque, davanti alla legge, tutti i neonati prematuri hanno il diritto di essere<br />
riconosciuti <strong>com</strong>e esseri umani.<br />
Articolo III<br />
Nessun neonato prematuro sarà privato <strong>de</strong>l convivio familiare arbitrariamente,<br />
bruscamente o per um tempo prolungato. Preservare questo vincolo, anche se<br />
silenziosamente e discretamente, è fondamentale per la sua vita.<br />
Articolo IV<br />
Tutti i neonati prematuri hanno il diritto di ricevere le cure riconosciute dalla<br />
scienza, senza distinzione di specie ovvero razza, colore, sesso o di altro tipo,<br />
origine nazionale o sociale, ricchezza, nascita o qualsiasi altra condizione. Essendo<br />
così, tutti i neonati prematuri hanno il diritto di ricevere le cure di un’equipe<br />
multidisciplinare capace di <strong>com</strong>pren<strong>de</strong>rli, interagire con loro e pren<strong>de</strong>re <strong>de</strong>cisioni<br />
armoniosamente per il loro bene e in favore <strong>de</strong>l loro sviluppo.<br />
Articolo V<br />
Tutti i neonati prematuri hanno diritto alla libertà di opinione ed espressione, pertanto<br />
dovranno essere i<strong>de</strong>ntificati, <strong>com</strong>presi e rispettati i loro segnali di avvicinamento<br />
e allontanamento dall’equipe che di loro si occupa. Nessun intervento sarà<br />
consi<strong>de</strong>rato etico quando non pren<strong>de</strong>rà in consi<strong>de</strong>razione, per la sua esecuzione, le<br />
necessitá individuali di contatto o raccoglimento <strong>de</strong>i neonati prematuri.<br />
Articolo VI<br />
Nessun neonato prematuro sarà sottomesso a tortura, nè a trattamento o castigo cru<strong>de</strong>le,<br />
disumano o <strong>de</strong>gradante. Il loro dolore dovrà essere sempre consi<strong>de</strong>rato, prevenuto e trattato<br />
con i mezzi messi a disposizione dalla scienza contemporanea. Nessun nuovo trattamento<br />
doloroso potrà essere intrapreso fino a che il neonato non si riprenda e si recuperi da un<br />
intervento prece<strong>de</strong>nte. Negar loro questo diritto é um crimine contro la vita.<br />
Articolo VII<br />
Tutti i neonati prematuri hanno diritto al riposo e per questo <strong>de</strong>vono essere<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
ispettati i loro periodi di sonno superficiale e profondo che d’ora in avanti saranno<br />
consi<strong>de</strong>rati essenziali per uno sviluppo psichico a<strong>de</strong>quato e l’ equilibrio biologico.<br />
Interrompere aleatoriamente e irresponsabilmente, senza motivo giustificato, il<br />
sonno di un prematuro è indizio di maltrattamento.<br />
Articolo VIII<br />
Tutti i neonati prematuri hanno il diritto inalienabile al silenzio che permetta loro<br />
di sentirsi il più vicino possibile all’ambiente sonoro intra-uterino nel rispetto <strong>de</strong>i<br />
loro limiti e <strong>de</strong>lla loro sensibilità. Qualsiasi fonte sonora che non rispetti questo<br />
diritto sarà consi<strong>de</strong>rata criminale, abbietta e ripugnante.<br />
Articolo IX<br />
Nessun neonato prematuro dovrà, in nessun modo, essere sottomesso a interventi<br />
stressanti con noncuranza e ingiustificatamente dall’Equipe Medica sotto pena che<br />
questa sia consi<strong>de</strong>rata negligente, disumana e irresponsabile.<br />
Articolo X<br />
Tutti i neonati prematuri hanno il diritto di percepire l’alternanza tra la luce soffusa<br />
e la penombra che rappresenteranno per loro il giorno e la notte. Nessuna luce<br />
intensa resterà accesa continuamente e non sarà impedida la penombra, con la scusa<br />
che i prematuri <strong>de</strong>vono essere continuamenti controllati, senza che i responsabili<br />
siano consi<strong>de</strong>rati non curanti, aggressivi e dal <strong>com</strong>portamento doloso.<br />
Articolo XI<br />
Tutti i neonati prematuri hanno il diritto, una volta raggiunte le condizioni primarie<br />
di equilibrio e vitalità, all’amore materno che è offerto loro dalla Marsupioterapia.<br />
Sarà cura <strong>de</strong>ll’equipe medica provve<strong>de</strong>re alle condizioni strutturali minime per<br />
tale vincolo essenziale e trasformatore <strong>de</strong>ll’ambiente prematuro. Nessun medico<br />
o persona a capo di una struttura a qualsiasi livello ha la prerogativa di impedire o<br />
negare la possibilitá di tale vincolo, simbolo <strong>de</strong>lla scienza tecnocratica re<strong>de</strong>nta.<br />
Articolo XII<br />
Tutti i neonati prematuri hanno il diritto di essere nutriti con il latte <strong>de</strong>lla loro mamma<br />
o, quando questo manchi, di un’altra donna non appena le loro condizioni cliniche lo<br />
permettano. Dovranno essere stimolati alla suzione fin dall’inizio <strong>de</strong>lla loro vita ed<br />
é <strong>com</strong>pito <strong>de</strong>ll’equipe medica garantire loro questo diritto tenendo lontani succhiotti,<br />
tettarelle o qualsiasi altro elemento che possa interferire con una suzione sana, e<br />
asssicurando loro l’ ac<strong>com</strong>pagnamento da parte di persone capaci a facilitare tale<br />
processo. Nessun costo finanziario sarà consi<strong>de</strong>rato troppo alto quando rivolto a questa<br />
finalità. Nessuna formula lattea sarà prescritta per negligenza e lo zelo non sarà mai<br />
eccessivo senza che ciò sia consi<strong>de</strong>rato disattenzione e abbandono. Il latte materno,<br />
d’ora in avanti, sarà consi<strong>de</strong>rato e trattato <strong>com</strong>e parte fondamentale <strong>de</strong>lla loro vita.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
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22<br />
En ver<strong>de</strong>nserklæring om Præmature nyfødtes Rettighe<strong>de</strong>r<br />
Artikel I<br />
Alle præmature nyfødte er født frie og lige i værdighed og rettighe<strong>de</strong>r. De<br />
er udstyret med fornuft og samvittighed. De besid<strong>de</strong>r liv før fødslen, samt<br />
hukommelse, vi<strong>de</strong>n, følelser og evne til at reagere og interagere med ver<strong>de</strong>n<br />
omkring <strong>de</strong>m.<br />
Artikel II<br />
Alle præmature nyfødte har ret til at blive anerkendt som personer, for loven.<br />
Artikel III<br />
Ingen præmature nyfødte må vilkårligt eller brat berøves sin<br />
familiemæssige baggrund for en længere perio<strong>de</strong>. Bevarelsen af en sådan<br />
forpligtelse, selv stille og diskret, er en grundlæggen<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>l af ens liv.<br />
Artikel IV<br />
Alle præmature nyfødte har ret til vi<strong>de</strong>nskabelig begrun<strong>de</strong>t behandling, u<strong>de</strong>n<br />
forskelsbehandling af nogen art, såsom race, hudfarve, køn, national eller<br />
social oprin<strong>de</strong>lse, formueforhold, fødsel eller an<strong>de</strong>n status. Desu<strong>de</strong>n har<br />
alle præmature nyfødte ret til at blive varetaget af tværfaglige behandlere<br />
og plejere <strong>de</strong>r er i stand til at forstå <strong>de</strong>m, interagere med <strong>de</strong>m, og i stand<br />
til at tage harmonisk beslutninger, <strong>de</strong>r er til børnenes for<strong>de</strong>l og udvikling.<br />
Artikel V<br />
Alle præmature nyfødte har ret til menings-og ytringsfrihed, <strong>de</strong>rfor skal <strong>de</strong><br />
have <strong>de</strong>res udtryk for nærhed og inddragelse i<strong>de</strong>ntificeret, forstået og værdsat<br />
og respekteret af behandlere or plejere. Ingen procedure anses etisk hvis <strong>de</strong>n<br />
ikke tager høj<strong>de</strong> for barnets individuelle behov for kontakt eller afvisning.<br />
Artikel VI<br />
Ingen præmature nyfødte, skal un<strong>de</strong>rkastes tortur eller grusom, umenneskelig<br />
eller nedværdigen<strong>de</strong> behandling eller straf. Dets smerter skal altid tages i<br />
betragtning, forebygges og behandles med meto<strong>de</strong>r til rådighed ved mo<strong>de</strong>rne<br />
vi<strong>de</strong>nskab. Ingen nye smerteful<strong>de</strong> procedure skal være påbegyndt før barnet<br />
er kommet sig fra en tidligere intervention. At have <strong>de</strong>nne ret nægtet er en<br />
forbry<strong>de</strong>lse og tortur mod menneskers liv.<br />
Artikel VII<br />
Alle præmature nyfødte har ret til hvile og for at få <strong>de</strong>res perio<strong>de</strong>r<br />
med bå<strong>de</strong> overfladisk og dyb søvn respekteret, og <strong>de</strong>tte betragtes som<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
afgøren<strong>de</strong> for <strong>de</strong>res psykiske udvikling og udvikling af biologiske<br />
regulering. At afbry<strong>de</strong> en præmature nyfødts søvn på en uvilkårlig<br />
og uansvarlig må<strong>de</strong>, u<strong>de</strong>n berettiget grund, er tegn på mishandling.<br />
Artikel VIII<br />
Alle præmature nyfødte har <strong>de</strong>n umistelige ret til stilhed for at<br />
føle sig så tæt som muligt på dte intra-uterine sun<strong>de</strong> miljø, så<br />
man respekterer <strong>de</strong>res tærskler og sensibilitet. Enhver, som ikke<br />
respekterer <strong>de</strong>nne ret skal betragtes som kriminel, ond og frastø<strong>de</strong>n<strong>de</strong>.<br />
Artikel IX<br />
Ingen præmature nyfødte må un<strong>de</strong>r nogen berettigelse, forelægges for<br />
stressen<strong>de</strong> procedure som anven<strong>de</strong>s på en skø<strong>de</strong>sløs og uberettiget må<strong>de</strong>, ellers<br />
vil behandlere og plejere anses for uagtsomme, umenneskelige og uansvarlige.<br />
Artikel X<br />
Alle præmature nyfødte har ret til at bemærke vekslen mellem lys<br />
og mørke, som for <strong>de</strong>m, skal stå for nat og dag. Ingen intense lys<br />
skal være tændt hele ti<strong>de</strong>n, heller ikke noget mørke blive forhindret<br />
grun<strong>de</strong>t løben<strong>de</strong> overvågning, ellers skal <strong>de</strong> ansvarlige for disse<br />
handlinger anses for at være skø<strong>de</strong>sløse, aggressive og vildle<strong>de</strong>n<strong>de</strong>.<br />
Artikel XI<br />
Alle præmature nyfødte har ret til, når <strong>de</strong> har opnået <strong>de</strong> grundlæggen<strong>de</strong><br />
egenskaber af balance og vitalitet, <strong>de</strong>res mødres kærlighed, <strong>de</strong>res mødres<br />
varme og <strong>de</strong>res mødres mælk, som skal tilby<strong>de</strong>s til <strong>de</strong>m via Kangaroo-Mothermeto<strong>de</strong>n.<br />
Det skal være op til behandlere og plejere at y<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> minimale<br />
strukturelle betingelser, <strong>de</strong>r er nødvendige for <strong>de</strong>nne afgøren<strong>de</strong> og tidlige<br />
atmosfære til at skabe bånd mellem mor og barn. Intet fagligt personale har<br />
beføjelse til at forebygge eller nægte mulighe<strong>de</strong>n af skabelsen af <strong>de</strong>tte bånd.<br />
Artikel XII<br />
Alle præmature nyfødte har ret til at blive ma<strong>de</strong>t med <strong>de</strong>res egne mødres mælk,<br />
eller, hvis hun ikke er til ste<strong>de</strong>, med mælk fra en an<strong>de</strong>n kvin<strong>de</strong>, så snart <strong>de</strong>res<br />
kliniske situation tilla<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>t. De bør have <strong>de</strong>res sutte evne korrekt udviklet<br />
fra begyn<strong>de</strong>lsen af <strong>de</strong>res liv, og <strong>de</strong>t er op til behandlere og plejere at garantere<br />
<strong>de</strong>nne ret, ved at fjerne narre sutter, gummi nipler eller enhver an<strong>de</strong>n genstand,<br />
<strong>de</strong>r kan blan<strong>de</strong> sig negativt i udviklingen af en sund sutte evne, såvel som<br />
at sikre, at kvalificere<strong>de</strong> fagfolk kan lette og afhjælpe <strong>de</strong>nne proces. Ingen<br />
finansielle omkostninger anses for høje, når <strong>de</strong> anven<strong>de</strong>s til <strong>de</strong>tte formål.<br />
Ingen mo<strong>de</strong>rsmælks erstatning skal ordineres skø<strong>de</strong>sløst. Skø<strong>de</strong>sløshed anses<br />
for manglen<strong>de</strong> opmærksomhed og kapitulation. Mo<strong>de</strong>rsmælk, skal fra nu af<br />
betragtes og behandles som en grundlæggen<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>l af børnenes liv.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
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24<br />
Kimbangi kia Nza miansua wa muana Nsulu<br />
Nsiku I<br />
Konso kua muana wa Nsulu ngon<strong>de</strong> nsambuadi uwutukanga mpila mosi ye<br />
nsua kumosi bonso muana wonso. Bakalanga ye nkailu wa ndungidi ye nzayi,<br />
Bena ye zingu mu ngutukilu, ye nzayi wa lulongoko ye unkabu wa mvutu mu<br />
bundana ye nza.<br />
Nsiku II<br />
Konso muana nsulu una ye nsua wa kala va konso fulu, wazayakana vo muntu<br />
muna nsiku.<br />
Nsiku III<br />
Ke vena nsulu ko lenda vawulua va kati kua dikanda diandi, muna mpila ya<br />
kingolo ovo muntangu yanda, enduaminu wa nsiku mu kinsueki, indambu ya<br />
mfumu ya zingu kiandi.<br />
Nsiku IV<br />
Konso kua muana Nsulu una ye nsua wa luwuku, kondua kua nsuasuani ya<br />
konso lekua yovo ntona, ntuko ya kimbuka, kimvuama, luwuntuku ye vo<br />
konso diambu. Oze ye vo konso muana wa nsulu una ye nsua watoma talua<br />
kua kimvuka kia luzitu ye kia toma longua muna toma kumbakisa, bundana ye<br />
yandi muna nzengelo za mambu muna mpila ya mbote mudiambu dia nsendo<br />
andi ye um ntombolelo andi.<br />
Nsiku V<br />
Konso kua muana nsulu una ye nsua ye kimpuanza kia vana konso ngindu ye<br />
kia mvovelo , idiawo kafuete kala ye nsilsu kani teza bundana yovo luvawuko<br />
lua toma zayakana, bazayakana, bakala ye unkabu ye zitisua kua kinvuka kia<br />
atati. Kuvena fukilendi tonduako vo kia ngindu za muana wa nsulu.<br />
Nsiku VI<br />
Kevena muana wa Nsulu ko lenda siwa muna Mpasi, yovo luwuku lua mpasi,<br />
kondua kua kimuntu.Mpasi zandi zifueti zayakana, kudikenda ye gukua muna<br />
mambu wavauka okua ngangu. Kevena mfu kiampasi kilenda giantukua vo<br />
emuana wa kete kena katoma kudikubamenako. Kondua kua wau nsua nkanu<br />
wa Mpasi muna zingu kia muntu.<br />
Nsiku VII<br />
Konso muana Nsulu una ye nsua wa nvundu, idiawu ofueti zitisua entangu andi ya<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
mvimba yovo ya kilu mudiambu dia nkolelo za ngindu zandi ye nitu. Nzengolo ya<br />
kilu kia muana Nsulu kondua kua konso diambu ilendakala sinsu kia muasa mpasi.<br />
Nsiku VIII<br />
Konso muana Nsulu una ye nsua wa vilakana muna luvuvamu ye kudimona<br />
lukufi ye ndinga ya vumu kia ngudi, muna luzitu ye mbakisilu.<br />
Nsiku IX<br />
Kevena muana nsulu ko olenda songa vo kalenda siwa mumambu ma nganzi<br />
yovo ma umembodi ye makanda nsasa kua kimvuka kia mawuku, ye siwa<br />
muna mpasi za konda kua zola kua kimuntu ye konda kua mkabu.<br />
Nsiku X<br />
Konso kua muana Nsulu una ye nsua wa bakisa e ntemo ye tombe, igiantika<br />
kuntuatisa empinpa ye kia kuakuma. Kevena ntemo ulenda sikalalako wakuama<br />
ntangu yanda ye mpekevena tombeko kilenda siwa vo kakilenda kalako kondua<br />
kua singikua muna luzolo lua lumbu ka lumbu kondua kua antuadisi ayoyo fu,<br />
bafueti giambula ewumbebodi wa wa vangu mambi.<br />
Nsiku XI<br />
Konso kua muana Nsulu una ye nsua , vo muntangu babakidi envuilu za nete<br />
muna luvuvamu lua zingu, muna nzola ya ngudi, muna kinfuta kia Ngudi ye<br />
muna kimvumina kia ngudi imuna bekailuanga mumpila ya ngudi wa bulu<br />
kibokeleluanga Canguru. Mbebe ya kimvuka kia mawuku mutala envuilu<br />
ye bakanesa mambu manfunu ma muana wa Nsulu, kevena nkuangangu ko<br />
wangolo fueti balula enza yevo kalayo nsua wa menga vukanesa edimbu kia<br />
vukisa elulongoko.<br />
Nsiku XII<br />
Konso kua muana Nsilu una ye nsua wa dikua muna kimvumina kia Ngudi<br />
andi, yevo kondua kua Ngudi , kua Nketo wankaka ndiona una ye mavimpi<br />
mafuana. Ka fueti kala ye ngiemeno ya tomasingikua tuka muna lumbu<br />
kiantete kia luzingu ye mbebe ya kimvuka kia mawuku kunwana e vo nsua,<br />
vawula mayeno yovo konso kima kiankaka kilenda kuiza muna kimbebesi wa<br />
ngiemeno ya mbote ye ya mavimpi, ye mpe toma kuntata kua wantu alongoka<br />
muna sasula esalu kiokio.<br />
Kevena ntalu ko ilenda siwa vo yaingi musadila esalukiokio. Ke vena mpila ko<br />
ya kimvumina ulenda sonekenua muntu konda kua kudikenga , ye kondua kua<br />
songa vo bembolua, Ekimvumina tuka munawau kifuene keba kima kimosi<br />
kianfunu muna luzingu luandi.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
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EGY ÁLTALÁNOS NYILATKOZAT A KORASZULOTTSÉGROL<br />
SZÓLÓ JOGOKRÓL<br />
1. Bekezdés<br />
Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulott méltóságban es jogokkal, szabadnak és egyenlonek szuletik.<br />
Okkal és tudatossággal ren<strong>de</strong>lkezok. A szuletés idopontjához képest korai<br />
életet birtokolnak, mint a memória, tanulás, érzelem, a válaszoló képesség és a<br />
kolcsonhatás a kulvilággal.<br />
2. Bekezdés<br />
Min<strong>de</strong>n koszaszulottnek megvan a létezéshez valo joga. Min<strong>de</strong>n helyen a torvény<br />
által elismert személy.<br />
. Bekezdés<br />
Egyik koraszulottet sem lehetséges onhatalmúan rovid vagy hosszabb idore<br />
kitagadni, kiszakítani a csaladi korébol. A még csen<strong>de</strong>s és diszkrét kotelék óvása<br />
alapja a koraszulott életének.<br />
4. Bekezdés<br />
Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek joga van a tudomány által megalapozott kezeléshez, bármely<br />
megkulonboztetés nélkul. Mint, faji, színbeli, nemi vagy egyéb tulajdonságbeli;<br />
nemzetiségi, pénzugyi, szuletési vagy bármely más helyzeti kulonbség.<br />
Ùgy értelmezett, hogy min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek joga van arra, hogy megfigyelo csapat<br />
óvja, ezen csoport a csecsemo megértésére specializálódott.<br />
Kolcsonhatásba lépés a koraszulottel a dontéshozások kiegyensúlyozottságának -a<br />
saját javára- és fejlodésének bovelkedésének ér<strong>de</strong>kében.<br />
. Bekezdés<br />
Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek joga van a vélemény és a kijelentés szabadságához. Tehát,<br />
megkell, hogy legyen az óvó csoport irányába az ismert, értett, értékelt és tisztelt<br />
kozeledés é távolodás (létfenntartás) jelei.<br />
Egyetlen egy eljárás sem lehet erkolcsileg elismert, amely lényegtelen a koraszulott<br />
cseleke<strong>de</strong>teihez, mint a kapcsolat személyes szukségletei vagy a saját teljessége.<br />
. Bekezdés<br />
Egyetlen egy koraszulott sem lehetne kitett kínzásnak, erkolcstelen vagy embertelen<br />
bánásmódnak.<br />
A csecsemo fájdalma mindig elfogadott, megelozott és kezelt kellene, hogy legyen a<br />
jelen tudomány által elismert kezelések alapján.<br />
Nem lehetséges elkez<strong>de</strong>ni új, fájdalmas kezelési eljárást, míg a csecsemo fel nem épul,<br />
erosodik az elozo beavatkozásból. Ezen jog megtagadása bunnek számít az emberi élettel<br />
szemben.<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
. Bekezdés<br />
Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek joga van a pihenéshez, a felszínes és mély alvás idoszakai<br />
tiszteletben kell tartani, ezen idoszakok fontosnak ismertek el a csecsemo szellemi<br />
fejlodésére tekintve és biológiai szabályozása ér<strong>de</strong>kében.<br />
Módszertelenul, felelotlenul, indokolatlan módon a koraszulott pihenésének<br />
megszakítasa rossz bánásmódnak minosul.<br />
8. Bekezdés<br />
Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek eli<strong>de</strong>geníthetetlen joga van a csendhez, amely lehetové teszi,<br />
olyan kozelinek éreznie magát az anyai méh hangzatos kornyezetéhez, amennyire csak<br />
lehet, tiszteletben tartva kez<strong>de</strong>tlegességét és érzékenységét.<br />
Bármely hanghatás amely nem tiszteli ezen jogát bunnek, visszataszítónak minosul.<br />
9. Bekezdés<br />
Egyetlen koraszulott,- az indokolt eseteken kívul- sem lehet eloállított i<strong>de</strong>gesíto<br />
eljárásnak, ez kellemetlennek és indokolatlannak tekintett az Egészséugyi Csoport által.<br />
Annak esetében ha mégis megtorténik, embertelennek és felelotlennek számít.<br />
10. Bekezdés<br />
Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek joga van, hogy érzékelje a fényesség és a sotetség váltakozását,<br />
melyek a nappalt és az ejszakát jelzik számára.<br />
Egyetlen eros fényforrás sem megenge<strong>de</strong>tt az egész ido során, míg az árnyék nem lesz gátolt<br />
tényezo, az állítás szerint az ellenorzés folytatodik,anélkul, hogy a viselkedésért fefelosok<br />
engedjék, hogy kellemetlennek, agresszívnak vagy tiszteségtelennek legyen tekintve.<br />
11. Bekezdés<br />
Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek joga van, az egyensúly és az életero alapfeltételeihez, mint<br />
az anyai- szeretethez, meleghez, tejhez, melyeket az Anya Kenguru Idoszakban<br />
felajánlottak. Az Egészségugyi Csoport intézkedik a szukséges feltételekrol a kotelezo<br />
és kozvetíto koraszulotti kotelékhez.<br />
Egyetlen szakmai vagy bármely <strong>para</strong>ncs sem lehet, hogy megakadályozza vagy megtiltsa<br />
a kotelék lehetoségét, amely szimbolizálja a technokrata tudományt.<br />
12. Bekezdés<br />
Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek megvan a joga, hogy a saját anyja vagy ennek hiányában,<br />
egy másik no tejével legyen ellátva, olyan gyorsan, mint a csecsemo klinikai állapota<br />
engedi. A szoptatásnak hibátlanul, kidolgozottank kellene, hogy legyen a szuletéstol. Az<br />
egészségugyi csoport garantálja ezt a jogot.<br />
Eltávolítandó a cumi vagy bármely eszkoz, amely negatívan lép kozbe a csecsemo<br />
egészséges szoptatásába, mint, ahogy biztosított a szoptatás, mely engedélyezett<br />
szakértok által lebonyolítando.<br />
Semmilyen tejszármazékot felíró recept nem lehet kiállított figyelmetlenul es semmiféle<br />
adás nem elfogadott figyelem nélkul.<br />
Az anyatej a csecsemo életének alapelemének minosul.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
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<strong>Universal</strong>a Deklaro <strong>de</strong> Rajtoj por Frunaskitaj Beboj<br />
Artikolo I<br />
Ĉiuj frunaskitoj naskiĝas liberaj kaj egalaj koncerne dignecon kaj rajtojn. Ili<br />
estas dotitaj je racio kaj konscio. Ili havas vivon antaŭnaskiĝan, same kiel<br />
memoron, lernadon, emocion kaj kapablon reagi al kaj interagi kun la ĉirkaŭa<br />
mondo.<br />
Artikolo II<br />
Ĉiu frunaskito havas rajton, en ĉiuj lokoj, esti leĝe agnoskata kiel persono.<br />
Artikolo III<br />
Neniu frunaskito estos arbitre forigita <strong>de</strong> sia familia medio abrupte aŭ<br />
longedaŭre. La tenado <strong>de</strong> ĉi tiu ligo, eĉ se silenta kaj diskreta, estas nepra parto<br />
<strong>de</strong> ĝia vivo.<br />
Artikolo IV<br />
Ĉiu frunaskito havas rajton je la traktado preskribita <strong>de</strong> la scienco, sen ajna<br />
distingo, ĉu rasa, ĉu kolora, ĉu seksa, ĉu alikaraktera, nacia aŭ soci-origina,<br />
riĉeca, naskiĝa, aŭ laŭ iu ajn alia kondiĉo. Konsekvence, ĉiu frunaskito rajtas<br />
esti prizorgata <strong>de</strong> multfaka skipo kapabligita kompreni ĝin, interagi kun ĝi kaj<br />
fari harmoniajn <strong>de</strong>cidojn favore al ĝi kaj ĝia disvolviĝo.<br />
Artikolo V<br />
Ĉiu frunaskito havas rajton je opini- kaj esprim-libereco, do la San-Skipo<br />
<strong>de</strong>vas distingi, kompreni, valorigi kaj respekti ĝiajn signojn pri alproksimigo<br />
kaj forigo. Neniu procedo estos konsi<strong>de</strong>rata etika, dum por ĝia aplikiĝo ne estos<br />
konsi<strong>de</strong>rataj la individuaj bezonoj <strong>de</strong> kontakto aŭ solrestado <strong>de</strong> la frunaskita<br />
bebo.<br />
Artikolo VI<br />
Neniu frunaskito estos submetita al torturo, al traktado aŭ puno kruela,<br />
malhomama aŭ malestima. Ĝia doloro <strong>de</strong>vos ĉiam esti konsi<strong>de</strong>rata,<br />
antaŭmalhelpata kaj traktata per la procedoj disponigitaj <strong>de</strong> la nuna scienco.<br />
Neniu nova doloriga procedo povos esti komencita ĝis la bebo revigliĝos kaj<br />
restabiliĝos el antaŭa procedo. Rifuzi tiun rajton al ĝi estas torturkrimo kontraŭ<br />
la homa vivo.<br />
Artikolo VII<br />
Ĉiu frunaskito havas rajton je ripozo, <strong>de</strong>vante do havi respektataj siajn profund-<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
kaj malprofund-dormajn periodojn, kiuj <strong>de</strong> nun estos konsi<strong>de</strong>rataj nepraj por<br />
ĝiaj a<strong>de</strong>kvataj psika disvolviĝo kaj organisma reguliĝo. Interrompi hazar<strong>de</strong> kaj<br />
malrespon<strong>de</strong>ce sen pravigebla motivo la dormon <strong>de</strong> frunaskito estas signo <strong>de</strong><br />
mistraktoj.<br />
Artikolo VIII<br />
Ĉiu frunaskito havas ne<strong>de</strong>preneblan rajton je silento ebliganta ĝin senti sin kiel<br />
eble plej proksima <strong>de</strong> la enutera sonmedio, respekte al ĝiaj komencolimoj kaj<br />
al ĝia sentokapablo. Iu ajn fonto <strong>de</strong> sono malrespektanta ĉi tiun rajton estos<br />
konsi<strong>de</strong>rata krima, malvirta kaj abomeninda.<br />
Artikolo IX<br />
Neniu frunaskito <strong>de</strong>vos, pro kiu ajn motivo, esti submetita al streĉiga procedo<br />
senzorge kaj nepravigeble aplikata <strong>de</strong> la San-Skipo, kiu alie povos esti<br />
konsi<strong>de</strong>rata neglekta, malhomama kaj malrespon<strong>de</strong>ca.<br />
Artikolo X<br />
Ĉiu frunaskito havas rajton percepti la ŝanĝiĝon inter heleco kaj malheleco,<br />
kiuj ekreprezentos al li tagon kaj nokton. Neniu intensa lumo restos ĉiam ĉe ĝi,<br />
kaj neniun ombron oni malpermesos kun la argumento daŭre observi la bebon<br />
sen tio, ke la respon<strong>de</strong>culoj pri tio estu konsi<strong>de</strong>rataj senzorgaj, agresantaj kaj<br />
konscie malbonagaj.<br />
Artikolo XI<br />
Ĉiu frunaskito, post atingo <strong>de</strong> bazaj kondiĉoj <strong>de</strong> ekvilibro kaj vivoviglo, havas<br />
rajton je patrina amo, patrina varmo kaj patrina lakto, kiuj estos oferataj al<br />
ĝi per la Metodo Kanguru-Patrino. Estos tasko <strong>de</strong> la San-Skipo provizi la<br />
minimumajn strukturajn kondiĉojn necesajn al tiu ligo nepra kaj ŝanĝanta la<br />
medion <strong>de</strong> la frunaskito. Neniu profesiulo aŭ administranto el ajna sfero havas<br />
ekskluzivan privilegion neebligi tiun ligon aŭ kontraŭstari la eblon <strong>de</strong> ĝi, kiu<br />
estas simbolo <strong>de</strong> pentŝanĝita teknokratia scienco.<br />
Artikolo XII<br />
Ĉiu frunaskito rajtas esti nutrata per lakto <strong>de</strong> sia propra patrino aŭ, okaze <strong>de</strong><br />
ŝia foresto, per lakto <strong>de</strong> iu alia ino, tuj kiam ĝia sankondiĉo permesos tion. Ĝia<br />
suĉado <strong>de</strong>vos esti korekte helpata ek<strong>de</strong> la komenco <strong>de</strong> la vivo, kaj estos tasko<br />
<strong>de</strong> la San-Skipo garantii la efektivigon <strong>de</strong> tiu rajto, forigante <strong>de</strong> ĝia medio<br />
suĉumojn, suĉbotelojn aŭ ion ajn alian, kio povus malhelpi sanecan suĉadon, kaj<br />
ankaŭ asekurante observadon <strong>de</strong> ĝi fare <strong>de</strong> profesiuloj kapabligitaj faciligi tiun<br />
procezon. Neniu financa kosto estos konsi<strong>de</strong>rata tro granda kiam ĝia aplikiĝo<br />
tion celos. Neniu lakta recepto estos senzorge preskribita kaj neniu zorgo estos<br />
senatente aplikita sen tio, ke tio estu konsi<strong>de</strong>rata neglekto kaj nehelpo. La<br />
patrina lakto, ek<strong>de</strong> nun, estos konsi<strong>de</strong>rata kaj traktata kiel fundamenta parto<br />
<strong>de</strong> la vivo <strong>de</strong> frunaskitoj.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
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Prematüre Bebek Haklarının Uluslararası Bildirisi<br />
1. Bütün prematüre bebekler özgür ve hak <strong>de</strong>erleri açısından eit doarlar. Onlara vicdan ve<br />
akıl bahedilmitir.<br />
2. Bütün prematüre bebekler kanun önün<strong>de</strong> insanlar gibi her yer<strong>de</strong> tanınma, kabul görme<br />
hakkına sahiptirler.<br />
3. Hiçbir prematüre bebek uzun bir süre ailesin<strong>de</strong>n keyfi olarak veya ansızın/bir<strong>de</strong>nbire<br />
yoksun bırakılmaz. Böyle bir korunma, telaffuz edilmese <strong>de</strong>, onların hayatlarının<br />
vazgeçilmez bir parçasıdır.<br />
4. Bütün prematüre bebekler hiçbir ayrım olmaksızın, ırk, renk, cinsiyet, milliyet veya sosyal<br />
orijin, zenginlik, doum veya dier statüler gibi bilimsel olarak tespit edilen tedavi<br />
haklarına sahiptirler. Dahası bütün prematüre bebeklerin onları anlayan, iletiim<br />
kurabilen, uyumlu kararlar alabilen, ve onların yararı ve gelimelerini amaç edinen çok<br />
yönlü disiplinli personel tarafından bakılmaya hakları vardır.<br />
5. Bütün prematüre bebekler ifa<strong>de</strong> ve görü özgürlüü haklarına sahiptirler. Bu ne<strong>de</strong>nle<br />
bakıcıların saygı duyduu, <strong>de</strong>er verdii, anladıı ve tanıdıı yakınlama ve uzaklama<br />
iaretleri olacaktır. Eer bebein temas ve geri çekilme gibi kiisel ihtiyaçları göz önün<strong>de</strong><br />
bulundurulmazsa hiçbir prosedür etik olarak <strong>de</strong>erlendirilmez.<br />
6. Hiçbir prematüre bebek ikenceye veya zalimce insanlık dıı veya aaılayıcı (onur kırıcı)<br />
tedavi veya cezalandırmaya maruz kalmayacaktır. Onların acıları her zaman dikkate<br />
alınacak, önüne geçilecek ve mo<strong>de</strong>rn bilimin saladıı mevcut metotlarla/yöntemlerle<br />
tedavi edilecektir. Hiçbir yeni acı veren yöntem bebek <strong>de</strong> ibirlii için<strong>de</strong> olmadan ve bir<br />
önceki müdahele<strong>de</strong>n iyileme<strong>de</strong>n balamayacaktır. Bu haktan yoksun bırakmak insan<br />
yaamına karı bir ikence suçudur.<br />
7. Bütün prematüre bebeklerin dinlenmeye hakları vardır ve ileri<strong>de</strong> onların ruhsal geliimleri<br />
için temel ve biyolojik düzenleri için uygun olarak adlandırılan <strong>de</strong>rin ve <strong>de</strong>rin olmayan<br />
uyku periyotlarına saygı duyulmalıdır. Bir bebein uykusunu rastgele ve sorumsuzca<br />
kesmek, hiçbir haklı mazerete dayanmaksızın kötü davranı göstergesidir.<br />
8. Bütün prematüre bebeklerin tıpkı anne rahmin<strong>de</strong>ki gibi olası sessiz ortamına yakın olmaları<br />
vazgeçilmez haklarıdır. Bu haklara saygı göstermeyen bütün sesler alçak ve irenç olarak<br />
dikkate alınacaktır.<br />
9. Hiçbir prematüre bebek, hiçbir haklı gerekçeyle umursamadan, insanlık dıı ve sorunsuz<br />
olduu düünülen salık elemanları tarafından dikkatsiz ve haksız bir ekil<strong>de</strong> uygulanan<br />
stres dolu prosedüre tabi tutulmayacaklardır.<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
10. Bütün prematüre bebekler aydınlık ve karanlık arasındaki <strong>de</strong>iimi fark etme hakkına<br />
sahiptirler ki bunlar onlar için gece ve gündüz anlamına gelecektir. Ne bütün gün id<strong>de</strong>tli<br />
ıık yakılmalı ne <strong>de</strong> karanlık olması engellenmeli, çünkü bu tür davranılardan sorumlu<br />
olan öz<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>vam e<strong>de</strong>n kontroller dikkatten yoksun, saldırgan ve hilekar olarak<br />
<strong>de</strong>erlendirilebilir.<br />
11. Tüm prematüre bebekler Kanguru-Anne metoduyla onlara sunulan <strong>de</strong>ngenin, yaama<br />
gücünün temel artlarına, anne sevgisine, anne sıcaklıına ve sütüne ulatıklarında hak<br />
sahibi olurlar. Bu gerekli ve baa dönüen prematüre atmosfer için gereken yapısal artları<br />
salamak, salık örgütüne kalmıtır. Hiçbir profesyonel ya da herhangi bir alanda kı<strong>de</strong>mli<br />
kimse böyle itfa edilmi teknocrat bilimin sembolü olan bir baı inkar etme olasılıına ya<br />
da önleme ayrıcalıına sahip <strong>de</strong>ildir.<br />
12. Bütün prematüre bebekler kendi annelerinin sütüyle veya anneleri yoksa klinik artların<br />
elverdiince baka bir kadının sütü ile beslenme hakkına sahiptirler. Onlar, yaamlarının<br />
balanıcı için emme yeteneklerini doru ekil<strong>de</strong> gelitirmeli ve bu hakkı, kauçuk<br />
emzikleri, lastik biberon balıklarını ve onların salıklı emmelerini olumsuzca<br />
etkileyebilecek herhangi bir objeyi uzaklatırmakla salık ekibi garanti e<strong>de</strong>r. Hiçbir<br />
<strong>para</strong>sal gi<strong>de</strong>r bu amaçla kullanıldıında çok yüksek olarak düünülmez. Hiçbir sütlü<br />
mama düüncesizce tavsiye edilmeyecektir. hmalkarlık, dikkatsizlik ve terk edilmilik<br />
olarak kabul edilecektir. Anne sütü, u andan itibaren, yaamlarının vazgeçilmez parçası<br />
olarak dikkate alınacaktır.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
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Статья I<br />
Общая декларация прав детей, рождённых преждевременно<br />
Все недоношенные дети рождены свободными и с равными правами и<br />
достоинствами. Им даны разум и сознание. У них уже была жизнь до рождения, а<br />
также память, познания, эмоции и способность реагировать и взаимодействовать<br />
с окружающим миром.<br />
Статья II<br />
Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право на признаваться как личность<br />
перед законом в любом месте.<br />
Статья III<br />
Никакой недоношенный ребёнок не может быть самоуправно и грубо забран из<br />
семьи на длительный период времени. Сохранение семейных связей –<br />
фундаментальная часть жизни ребёнка.<br />
Статья IV<br />
Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право на медицинское лечение без<br />
расовой или половой дискриминации, национальных, социальных и других<br />
различий. Таким образом, любой ребёнок имеет право на уход профессионалов<br />
разных специальностей, способных понять его, взаимодействовать с ним и<br />
принимать гармоничные решения для его блага и лучшего развития.<br />
Статья V<br />
Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право на свободу мнения и выражения,<br />
поэтому он может иметь свои определённые сигналы для выражения принятия<br />
или непринятия чего-либо, сигналы, понятные и принятые с уважением людьми,<br />
ухаживающими за ним. Никакая процедура не будет считаться этичной, если она<br />
не принимает во внимание его индивидуальные потребности в общении или в<br />
уединении.<br />
Статья VI<br />
Никакой недоношенный ребёнок не может быть подвержен мучениям: ни в<br />
лечении, ни в жестоком, негуманном и унизительном наказании. Всегда нужно<br />
считаться с его болью и стараться исключить её, используя средства и процедуры,<br />
которые находятся в распоряжении современной науки. Каждая новая<br />
болезненная процедура может быть начата только после улучшения состояния<br />
ребёнка после последнего такого вмешательства. Отказывать ребёнку в этом<br />
праве является злодеянием (преступлением пытки) против человеческой жизни. 1<br />
Статья VII<br />
Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право на отдых, поэтому нужно считаться<br />
с его периодами поверхностного и глубокого сна, которые должны<br />
восприниматься как важное условие для адекватного психического развития<br />
ребёнка и его биологической регуляции. Безответственное вмешательство в его<br />
сон без уважительной причины считается плохим обращением.<br />
Статья VIII<br />
Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет неотъемлемое право на тишину, которая<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares<br />
позволяет ему чувствовать себя ближе к гармоничному внутриутробному
с его периодами поверхностного и глубокого сна, которые должны<br />
восприниматься как важное условие для адекватного психического развития<br />
ребёнка и его биологической регуляции. Безответственное вмешательство в его<br />
сон без уважительной причины считается плохим обращением.<br />
Статья VIII<br />
Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет неотъемлемое право на тишину, которая<br />
позволяет ему чувствовать себя ближе к гармоничному внутриутробному<br />
состоянию. Любой звуковой источник, который лишает его этого, будет считаться<br />
преступным, порочным и отвратительным.<br />
Статья IX<br />
Никакой недоношенный ребёнок, ни под каким предлогом, не может<br />
подвергаться стрессовому лечению или процедуре без уважительной на то<br />
причины. Если медперсонал проводит это лечение или процедуру небрежно, то<br />
такое лечение будет считаться безответственным, безалаберным и негуманным.<br />
Статья X<br />
Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право чувствовать смену света и<br />
полумрака, что для него представляет чередование ночи и дня. Никакой сильный<br />
свет не может гореть всё время. Невыполнение медперсоналом постоянного<br />
надлюдения за сменой света будет считаться небрежным, агрессивным,<br />
причиняющим боль, поведением.<br />
Статья XI<br />
Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право на такие фундаментальные вещи<br />
как: материнское тепло и материнское любовь, материнское молоко, которые<br />
ему предлагаются методом «Мама Кенгуру». Медперсонал должен обеспечить<br />
хотя бы минимальную инфраструктуру для поддержания этих связей.<br />
Профессионалы или руководители какой-либо сферы, лишающие или<br />
отказывающие ребёнку в этом, являются символом сухих и бездушных<br />
технократов.<br />
Статья XII<br />
Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право получать молоко своей матери,<br />
если же у неё не хватает молока, то он имеет право получать молоко другой<br />
женщины, здоровье которой позволяет зто делать. Навык правильного сосания 2<br />
должен быть привит с первых дней жизни; компетентный медперсонал должен<br />
гарантировать ребёнку это право. Всё, что мешает выработке правильного<br />
навыка: пустышки, соски и другие предметы, которые действуют негативно на<br />
этот процесс, должны быть убраны и наблюдение компетентного медперсонала<br />
обеспечено. Для этой цели никакие финансовые расходы не могут считаться<br />
излишними. Выписанная небрежно формула молочной смеси или недостаточно<br />
заботливый уход за ребёнком означает невнимание и равнодушие со стороны<br />
медперсонала. Итак, в дальнейшем, материнское молоко должно считаться<br />
фундаментальной частью жизни ребёнка.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro
4<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro
世界早産児の権利宣言<br />
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Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro
8<br />
-<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares<br />
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<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
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Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
41<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro
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Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares<br />
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4<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro
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Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
4
4<br />
Palavras finais<br />
A história dos direitos essenciais do recém-nascido pré-termo se confun<strong>de</strong><br />
<strong>com</strong> a história do <strong>de</strong>srespeito <strong>com</strong> que a espécie humana trata seu semelhante.<br />
Des<strong>de</strong> o período mais longínquo do qual se tem notícia, e até muitas<br />
vezes na atualida<strong>de</strong>, o bebê pré-termo, por sua fragilida<strong>de</strong> e alta mortalida<strong>de</strong>,<br />
continuadamente recebeu da ciência oficial o mesmo <strong>de</strong>scaso que<br />
tradicionalmente sempre foi <strong>de</strong>stinado aos malformados e aos incuráveis.<br />
A falta <strong>de</strong> uma perspectiva <strong>de</strong> tratamento, somada à ausência <strong>de</strong> um<br />
ambiente a<strong>de</strong>quado <strong>para</strong> a recuperação <strong>de</strong>stes bebês, reduziu, na maior parte das<br />
vezes, as esperanças <strong>de</strong> sobrevivência aos cuidados maternos, aos quais eram<br />
transferidas as responsabilida<strong>de</strong>s das tentativas e dos manejos salvadores.<br />
Foram, portanto, o vínculo e a habilida<strong>de</strong> materna, natural e instintiva, as<br />
forças maiores que mantiveram a vida <strong>de</strong>sses pequenos bebês ao longo dos<br />
séculos.<br />
Não é in<strong>com</strong>um ouvirmos até hoje relatos acerca <strong>de</strong> pequenos bebês<br />
criados em caixas <strong>de</strong> sapatos envolvidos em algodão e alimentados por gotas<br />
maternais <strong>de</strong> sobrevivência.<br />
“Um bebê sozinho não existe. Existe um bebê e sua mãe”, já dizia<br />
Winnicott.<br />
Em finais do século XVIII, <strong>com</strong> a invenção dos primeiros protótipos das<br />
incubadoras, nasciam as luzes <strong>de</strong> um conhecimento que o século seguinte<br />
conheceria <strong>com</strong>o a neonatologia.<br />
A ciência, a partir daí vestida <strong>de</strong> tecnologia mecânica, passou a exercer<br />
papel essencial no tratamento dos aspectos ligados à prematurida<strong>de</strong>, bem <strong>com</strong>o<br />
na elevação do índice <strong>de</strong> sobrevivência <strong>de</strong>sses bebês.<br />
Assumiu a palavra final então, por mérito próprio, a ciência oficial.<br />
A mãe, milenar responsável pela preservação da vida do bebê pré-termo,<br />
foi radicalmente exilada <strong>de</strong> sua <strong>com</strong>panhia, e seu papel cuidador, <strong>de</strong>sprezado<br />
no processo <strong>de</strong> sua recuperação.<br />
O avanço da ciência possibilitou o conhecimento da fisiopatologia das<br />
principais ameaças que a condição prematura impunha à sobrevivência <strong>de</strong>sses<br />
bebês, transformando a incipiente ciência da neonatologia na forma única <strong>de</strong><br />
tratamento indiscutivelmente aceita.<br />
Em meados do século XX, <strong>com</strong> a <strong>de</strong>scoberta do surfactante, tornavam-se<br />
cada vez mais <strong>de</strong>svendados os segredos que permitiriam tratar <strong>com</strong> sucesso<br />
bebês <strong>com</strong> pesos cada vez menores e condições <strong>de</strong> saú<strong>de</strong> cada vez mais<br />
<strong>de</strong>sfavoráveis. A morte passou a poupá-los <strong>de</strong> forma cada vez mais frequente.<br />
Rapidamente foi-se per<strong>de</strong>ndo o parâmetro do que era incurável e do que era<br />
inviável. O céu, a essa altura, era o limite. Teve-se assim, por algum tempo,<br />
a impressão <strong>de</strong> que a ciência e o divino falavam o mesmo idioma. Não havia<br />
mistérios impossíveis <strong>de</strong> serem <strong>de</strong>svendados nem condições clínicas incapazes<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
<strong>de</strong> serem tratadas pela química, máquina, técnica e autoconfiança que iam se<br />
transformando em única evidência.<br />
A ciência mergulhava em gran<strong>de</strong> êxito e euforia quando percebeu a<br />
necessida<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> refazer o caminho perdido atalhos atrás.<br />
Se por um lado os mistérios da sobrevivência já não eram mais um problema<br />
por tanto conhecimento acumulado, por outro a avaliação da qualida<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> vida<br />
que essa cura alcançada imprimia a esses sobreviventes <strong>de</strong>ixava transparecer<br />
sinais preocupantes.<br />
O afastamento materno, trocado por hiperexposição a ambientes cada vez<br />
mais hostis e sem afeto, carregados <strong>de</strong> índices antifisiológicos <strong>de</strong> ruído, luz,<br />
dor, manipulação e <strong>de</strong>srespeito aos <strong>de</strong>sejos <strong>de</strong> <strong>com</strong>unicação e afastamento<br />
do pré-termo, fez surgir um novo padrão <strong>de</strong> seres vivos, vítimas do cuidado<br />
<strong>de</strong>satento às suas necessida<strong>de</strong>s, vítimas do tratamento <strong>de</strong>srespeitador <strong>de</strong> suas<br />
habilida<strong>de</strong>s e vítimas da atenção à saú<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sprezadora <strong>de</strong> suas capacida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong><br />
interação <strong>com</strong> o meio: nascia a síndrome do bebê <strong>de</strong> UTI, salvo da morte e<br />
esquecido em sua integrida<strong>de</strong>.<br />
Esses bebês cresceram e, vítimas do <strong>de</strong>scaso e da parcialida<strong>de</strong> da ótica<br />
terapêutica, perpetuaram suas necessida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> cuidados.<br />
Era preciso, então, percebeu a ciência ao <strong>de</strong>sconsi<strong>de</strong>rar Deus, atingir um<br />
padrão <strong>de</strong> cura que permitisse chegar muito além da terapia clínica calcada em<br />
índices físicos e laboratoriais.<br />
Era preciso cuidar da emoção e da <strong>com</strong>plexida<strong>de</strong> da vida inteira <strong>de</strong> nossos<br />
pequenos semelhantes.<br />
Aqui e ali passaram a surgir pensamentos, práticas e ajustes isolados na<br />
tentativa <strong>de</strong> recuperar o tempo perdido.<br />
Foi na Colômbia, entretanto, em 19 9, que os médicos Edgar Rey e Hector<br />
Martínez fizeram chegar à luz do mundo o Método Mãe-Canguru (MMC),<br />
todo feito <strong>de</strong> tecnologia humana, imprescindível e insuperável.<br />
Nascida <strong>de</strong> condições precárias <strong>de</strong> estrutura <strong>de</strong> atendimento, a grandiosida<strong>de</strong><br />
do MMC em pouco tempo expandiu seus limites sul-americanos, alcançando<br />
rapidamente o mundo inteiro <strong>com</strong>o uma nuvem <strong>de</strong> frescor contra o cansaço<br />
do insuperável e as <strong>de</strong>ficiências do in<strong>de</strong>strutível. Recebeu versões em cada<br />
país on<strong>de</strong> foi adotado, e, por ter sido adotado em todo o planeta, marcou o<br />
nascimento <strong>de</strong> um novo <strong>para</strong>digma <strong>de</strong> atenção ao recém-nascido pré-termo.<br />
A mãe é trazida <strong>de</strong> volta ao convívio <strong>com</strong> seu filho, reabilitando seu papel<br />
histórico <strong>de</strong> principal cuidadora e <strong>de</strong> insubstituível valor. A ciência abre mão<br />
<strong>de</strong> impor sua <strong>para</strong>fernália <strong>com</strong>o última palavra e transfere ao amor, ao calor e<br />
ao leite materno os papéis <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>staque no processo <strong>de</strong> cura. A espécie humana<br />
<strong>de</strong>scobre na tecnologia humana o valor da preservação da vida que tentou<br />
encontrar por mais <strong>de</strong> dois séculos sob o jugo da tecnologia mecânica.<br />
O bebê <strong>de</strong> UTI recebe a chance <strong>de</strong> ser substituído pelo bebê canguru.<br />
Definitivamente um novo tempo <strong>para</strong> a humanida<strong>de</strong> inteira.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
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48<br />
Em <strong>de</strong>zembro <strong>de</strong> 1948, nascida da dor e da <strong>de</strong>vastação da II Gran<strong>de</strong> Guerra, a<br />
<strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> dos <strong>Direitos</strong> do Homem, proclamada pela Organização das<br />
Nações Unidas (ONU), acabou se tornando um dos mais importantes tradutores<br />
dos anseios <strong>de</strong> toda a humanida<strong>de</strong> por um caminho <strong>de</strong> respeito e harmonia entre<br />
os homens. Longe ainda <strong>de</strong> ser vivenciado em sua plenitu<strong>de</strong>, aquele documento<br />
representa <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> ali um i<strong>de</strong>al a ser alcançado, uma meta <strong>para</strong> a vida, um legado<br />
<strong>para</strong> a posterida<strong>de</strong>.<br />
Ao traduzir a <strong>de</strong>claração universal <strong>de</strong> 1948 <strong>para</strong> o ambiente pré-termo, longe<br />
<strong>de</strong> tentar poesia ou filosofia abstrata, o olhar da palavra buscou perceber o bebê<br />
pré-termo em sua integrida<strong>de</strong> biológica, psíquica e social, <strong>de</strong>spren<strong>de</strong>ndo-se dos<br />
limites clínicos que caracterizam sua história perinatal e esten<strong>de</strong>ndo sobre ele um<br />
olhar irrestrito.<br />
Nós, profissionais da saú<strong>de</strong>, habituamo-nos, <strong>com</strong> o passar do tempo, a maltratar<br />
carinhosamente nossos pré-termos, sonegando-lhes <strong>com</strong> <strong>de</strong>lica<strong>de</strong>za o seu direito ao<br />
contato materno, menosprezando gentilmente suas manifestações <strong>de</strong> aproximação<br />
e afastamento, ignorando, sem perceber que o fazíamos, suas manifestações <strong>de</strong><br />
estresse e dor, atrapalhando <strong>com</strong> ternura e afeto, mas sempre <strong>de</strong> modo abusivo,<br />
suas possibilida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> alimentação ao seio, oferecendo-lhes <strong>com</strong>pulsivamente<br />
bicos e fórmulas castigadoras da sua saú<strong>de</strong> oral.<br />
Nossa forma <strong>de</strong>scuidada <strong>de</strong> cuidar acabou por nos transformar em<br />
inescrupulosos torturadores e algozes culposos <strong>de</strong> nossos bebês pré-termos, porque<br />
nos conformamos em oferecer-lhes um tratamento quase inteiramente voltado <strong>para</strong><br />
nós, nossos registros e nossas estatísticas, e quase nunca <strong>para</strong> eles próprios, suas<br />
vidas, ou <strong>de</strong> suas famílias...<br />
Habituamo-nos <strong>com</strong> essa prática hostil num mundo on<strong>de</strong> a ciência, sua gran<strong>de</strong><br />
propagadora, já se redimiu das coisas que nos mostrou um dia <strong>com</strong>o caminhos<br />
únicos.<br />
Fazemos isso quando já temos a escolha <strong>de</strong> fazer diferente e bem melhor.<br />
Então, <strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro é um<br />
documento <strong>de</strong> alerta a todos aqueles que cuidam <strong>de</strong>sses pequeninos tão capazes e<br />
tão inteiros quanto nós, seus cuidadores, <strong>para</strong> que esse alerta se torne, ao lado <strong>de</strong><br />
tantas palavras já escritas e baseadas em evidências aceitáveis, um estímulo <strong>para</strong><br />
que adotemos a preservação integral da vida <strong>com</strong>o missão maior.<br />
Cada um dos 12 direitos essenciais aqui <strong>de</strong>talhados representa um caminho<br />
a seguir em direção ao respeito humano. A luta diária por sua aplicação passa a<br />
ser, doravante, um <strong>com</strong>promisso nosso contra a improprieda<strong>de</strong> da falta <strong>de</strong> zelo e a<br />
imoralida<strong>de</strong> do <strong>de</strong>scaso.<br />
O envolvimento <strong>de</strong> amigos cativados durante a concepção <strong>de</strong>sse documento<br />
permitiu que ele fosse traduzido <strong>para</strong> vários idiomas, viabilizando o caráter<br />
universal do texto. Esse espírito colaborativo que o caracterizou <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> o início<br />
permitiu que ele se tornasse um documento livre, todo escrito <strong>com</strong> muito carinho<br />
e colaboração. Livre, porque nenhum saber é privado. <strong>Universal</strong>, porque todo<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
conhecimento é cumulativo. Irrestrito, porque nenhuma proprieda<strong>de</strong> é justa.<br />
O texto <strong>de</strong>ssa <strong>de</strong>claração e as i<strong>de</strong>ias que ele prega foram registradas na Creative<br />
Commons <strong>com</strong>o obra <strong>de</strong> domínio público. Po<strong>de</strong>, por conta disso, ser livremente<br />
reproduzido, distribuído, transmitido, utilizado, modificado, utilizado <strong>para</strong> criação<br />
<strong>de</strong> outras obras, ou <strong>de</strong> qualquer forma explorado por qualquer pessoa <strong>para</strong> qualquer<br />
finalida<strong>de</strong>, <strong>com</strong>ercial ou não, e <strong>de</strong> qualquer maneira, incluindo métodos que ainda<br />
não tenham sido inventados ou concebidos.<br />
Esperamos <strong>com</strong> isso que suas diretrizes sejam amplamente aplicadas em<br />
todas as partes da nossa mãe Terra, que os governos <strong>com</strong>preendam que a vida é<br />
a priorida<strong>de</strong> número um, <strong>com</strong> qualida<strong>de</strong>, elegância e significado amplo, e que os<br />
profissionais da saú<strong>de</strong> do mundo inteiro o adotem.<br />
Esperamos que suas diretrizes possam ajudar cuidadores a perceber a<br />
essencialida<strong>de</strong> do papel da mãe e da família na recuperação do bebê, a <strong>com</strong>preen<strong>de</strong>r<br />
a importância do aleitamento materno <strong>para</strong> a gran<strong>de</strong>za do processo da vida e a<br />
aceitar que nós, profissionais da saú<strong>de</strong>, não possuímos a prerrogativa <strong>de</strong> se<strong>para</strong>r<br />
mãe e filho e tampouco cumprimos <strong>de</strong>centemente o papel <strong>para</strong> o qual nos<br />
pre<strong>para</strong>mos quando não percebemos o bebê pré-termo <strong>com</strong>o um ser humano livre<br />
em dignida<strong>de</strong> e direitos e não o reconhecemos <strong>com</strong>o pessoa perante a lei.<br />
Que Deus esteja conosco.<br />
Luis Alberto Mussa Tavares.<br />
Campos dos Goytacazes, <strong>de</strong>zembro <strong>de</strong> 2008/janeiro <strong>de</strong> 2009<br />
0 o Aniversário da <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> dos <strong>Direitos</strong> do Homem (1948-2008)<br />
0 o Aniversario da criação do Método Mãe-Canguru na Colômbia (19 9-2009)<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
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Final Words<br />
The history of the essential rights of the preterm new born infant mingles<br />
with the history of the disrespect in which the human species treats its equal.<br />
Since the earliest period we have notice up to several times at the present<br />
time, the preterm infant, because of its fragility and high mortality rate, has<br />
continuously received from the official science the same disregard which has<br />
been traditionally aimed to the malformed and incurable.<br />
The lack of a treatment expectancy ad<strong>de</strong>d to the absence of an a<strong>de</strong>quate<br />
environment for the recovery of those babies have most of the times diminished<br />
the hopes for survival from mother’s care. The effort responsibilities and savior<br />
handling were transferred to mother’s care.<br />
It was therefore the bond and the mother ability, natural and instinctive,<br />
the greatest strength which kept the life of these tiny babies throughout the<br />
centuries.<br />
It is not un<strong>com</strong>mon to hear up to the present time stories of babies raised in<br />
shoe boxes rapped in cotton and fed with motherly drops of survival.<br />
A baby alone doesn’t exist. What exists is a baby and its mother. Winnicott<br />
used to say.<br />
By the end of the XVIII century, with the invention of the first incubator<br />
prototypes, lights of new knowledge were turned on. This new knowledge<br />
would be known as neonatology in the following century.<br />
Science, embellished with mechanic technology, would have an essential<br />
role in the treatment of aspects linked to prematurity, as well as the rise in the<br />
rate of these babies’ survival.<br />
The final word was given by the official science, by its own merit.<br />
The mother, responsible for the preservation of the preterm infant for<br />
thousand years was radically exiled from its <strong>com</strong>pany and its role as a keeper<br />
ignored in the process of its recovery.<br />
The advance of science ma<strong>de</strong> the knowledge of the physiopathology of<br />
the main threats in which the premature condition would <strong>de</strong>mand from these<br />
babies, survival feasible transforming the incipient neonatology science in the<br />
unique method of treatment unquestionably accepted.<br />
By mid XX th Century, with the surfactant discovery, the secrets that<br />
would allow to treat infants with success became more and more unveiled.<br />
These babies were each time smaller and each time with more adverse health<br />
conditions. Death started to spare them more frequently. Very quickly the<br />
<strong>para</strong>meter of what was irremediable and enviable was being lost. At this point<br />
sky was the limit.<br />
Therefore for a while we had the impression that science and divine were<br />
talking the same language. There were neither unthinkable misteries to be<br />
unveiled nor clinical conditions unable to be treated by chemistry, by machine,<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
y techniques and by self confi<strong>de</strong>nce which were taking form as the unique<br />
evi<strong>de</strong>nce.<br />
Science was plunging in great success and euphoria when it noticed the<br />
need to remake the path lost in shortcuts, way behind.<br />
If on one hand the survival misteries were not a problem anymore because<br />
of the accumulated knowledge, on the other hand the evaluation of quality<br />
that this reached cure imparted life to these survivors permitted to foresee<br />
troublesome signs.<br />
The mother’s se<strong>para</strong>tion, exchanged by a hyper exposition of these infants<br />
to even more hostile and unfriendly environment loa<strong>de</strong>d with antiphysiological<br />
rates of noise, light, pain, manipulation and disrespect to the preterm infants’<br />
wishes of <strong>com</strong>munications and being, victims of the thoughtless care to their<br />
needs, victims of the disrespectful treatment of their abilities and victims of the<br />
neglectful health care attention to the interation capacity to their environment:<br />
the ITU baby syndrome was born.<br />
Saved from <strong>de</strong>ath but forgotten of their integrity these infants grew, and<br />
because they were victims of carelessness and of optical therapeutical partiality,<br />
they have perpetuated their care needs.<br />
When science noticed it was ignoring God, it was felt that it was necessary<br />
to reach a cure pattern that would allow to go much beyond the clinical therapy<br />
based on physical and laboratorial rates.<br />
It was necessary to take care of our little kins’ emotions and life long<br />
<strong>com</strong>plexity.<br />
I<strong>de</strong>as started to show up, here and beyond, isolated <strong>com</strong>promises and<br />
practices in the attempt to recover the lost time.<br />
It was in Colombia, in 19 9 where Dr. Edgar Rey and Dr. Hector Martinez<br />
brought to light the Kangaroo Mother Care all ma<strong>de</strong> of indispensable,<br />
insurmountable human technology.<br />
Having its origin in precarious assistance structures, in a short time, the<br />
KMC expan<strong>de</strong>d its South American limits, rapidly spreading throughout the<br />
world as a refreshing cloud against the insuperable tiredness and the <strong>de</strong>ficiencies<br />
of the in<strong>de</strong>structible.<br />
It has received different versions in the countries where it has been adopted<br />
and because it has been adopted all over the planet it has been a benchmark for<br />
the birth of a new <strong>para</strong>digm of attention to the preterm new born infant.<br />
The mother is brought back to her child surroundings rehabilitating her<br />
historical role of main provi<strong>de</strong>r and of value that can not be substituted.<br />
Science gives in and does not impose its <strong>para</strong>phernalia as the ultimate word<br />
and transfers to love, warmth and human milk the main roles in this cure process.<br />
The human species discovers in human technology the value of life<br />
preservation which it had tried to find more than two centuries un<strong>de</strong>r the<br />
servitu<strong>de</strong> of mechanic technology.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />
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The ITU infant has the chance to be substituted by the Kangaroo baby.<br />
Definitely a new era for the whole humanity.<br />
In December 1948, having its origin in the II World War pain and<br />
<strong>de</strong>vastation the <strong>Universal</strong> Declaration of Human Rights proclaimed by UN<br />
end up as one of the most important representations of all mankind yearnings<br />
for a path of respect and harmony among men. Far from being experienced in<br />
its plenitu<strong>de</strong>, this document represents a purpose to be reached, an aim to life,<br />
a legacy for posteriority.<br />
While translating the <strong>Universal</strong> Declaration of 1948 to the preterm field,<br />
far from trying poetry or abstract philosophy, meaning of the word has tried<br />
to perceive the preterm newborn infant in its biological integrity releasing<br />
itself from the clinical limits which have characterized its perinatal story and<br />
stretching out upon it an unconditional look.<br />
We, health care workers, along the time, have got used to mistreat our<br />
preterm infants affectionately, suppressing with courtesy its right for mother<br />
contact, disregarding gently its proximity and se<strong>para</strong>tion manifestations,<br />
ignoring, without being aware of what we are doing, its manifestations of stress<br />
and pain, hin<strong>de</strong>ring with ten<strong>de</strong>rness and affection, but always in an abusive<br />
way its possibility of breast feeding nourishment offering it beak and formulas<br />
that are a punishment to its oral health.<br />
Our careless way of caring en<strong>de</strong>d up in transforming us in unscrupulous<br />
torturers and guilty executioners of our preterm newborn infant because we<br />
have adjusted in offering it a treatment almost entirely concerned to us and to<br />
our files and our statistics, and almost never for the baby itself or for its life or<br />
for its family’s life.<br />
We have got used to this hostile practice in a world where science, its great<br />
disseminator has already <strong>de</strong>emed itself of things it has showed us way back as<br />
unique paths.<br />
We do this when we have the choice to do differently and to do it much<br />
better.<br />
Therefore this <strong>Universal</strong> Declaration of Premature Babies Rights is a<br />
document of alert to all the people who take care of these little ones, so capable<br />
and so <strong>com</strong>plete as us, their caretakers, so that this alert be<strong>com</strong>es, besi<strong>de</strong>s so<br />
many written words and based in acceptable evi<strong>de</strong>nce, a stimulus for us to<br />
adopt the whole preservation of life with a greater mission.<br />
Each of the twelve essential rights discriminated here represent a way to<br />
follow in the direction of human respect. The daily fight for its applicabily may<br />
be from now on a <strong>com</strong>mitment of ours against the inappropriateness of lack of<br />
care and the carelessness immorality.<br />
The involvement of friends ma<strong>de</strong> during this document conception<br />
ma<strong>de</strong> it possible to translate it in several languages, which gave the text its<br />
universal characteristic. This collaborative spirit that was a part within itself<br />
Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares
since the beginning ma<strong>de</strong> it possible for this document to be<strong>com</strong>e free. It was<br />
all written with great care and cooperation. Free because no knowledge is<br />
private. <strong>Universal</strong> because all knowledge is cumulative. Unrestricted because<br />
no property is just.<br />
The text of this Declaration and the i<strong>de</strong>as that it proclaims were registered<br />
in the Creative Commons as a work of Public Domain. It may on account of<br />
that be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, utilized, modified, used in<br />
the creation of any other work or any explored form by anyone or for whatever<br />
aim, <strong>com</strong>mercial or non-<strong>com</strong>mercial and any other way including methods that<br />
have not been invented or conceived yet.<br />
We hope that with this our rights are largely employed everywhere on<br />
our Mother Earth, that the governments un<strong>de</strong>rstand that life is the number one<br />
priority and life with quality, elegance and broad meaning and that the health<br />
care workers of the whole world adopt it.<br />
We hope that its rights may help the caretakers to perceive the essentiality<br />
of the mother’s and the family’s role in the baby’s recovery, to un<strong>de</strong>rstand the<br />
importance of breast feeding for the greatness of the life process and to accept<br />
that we, health care workers, don’t have the prerogative to se<strong>para</strong>te mother<br />
from child and we don’t carry out <strong>de</strong>cently the role for which we have been<br />
prepared when we don’t accept the preterm newborn infant as a human being<br />
free in dignity and rights and we have not recognized it as a person before the<br />
law.<br />
God be with us.<br />
Luis Alberto Mussa Tavares<br />
Campos, December 2008<br />
Both anniversary of the <strong>Universal</strong> Declaration of Human Rights.<br />
<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro
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