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Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares<br />

CRM: 433243-RJ<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o<br />

Bebê Prematuro<br />

Brasil, 2008/2009<br />

60 o Aniversário da <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> dos <strong>Direitos</strong> do Homem (1948-2008)<br />

30 o Aniversário da criação do Método Mãe-Canguru na Colômbia (1979-2009)


Dedicatória<br />

Aos bebês prematuros do mundo inteiro,<br />

Por todos os tempos,<br />

Aos seus familiares,<br />

Aos seus cuidadores,<br />

Com carinho.<br />

Agra<strong>de</strong>cimento especial<br />

Aos amigos e colaboradores queridos, sem os quais este trabalho não teria<br />

chegado até aqui: Alberto Mussa, André Marinho, Andréia Mortensen e seu<br />

esposo, Carla Brasil, Celso Tavares, Clarisse Dias, Francesca Felici, Grace<br />

Guz, Héctor Martinez, Heloisa Raposo, Jane Liang, Jatin<strong>de</strong>r Multani, João<br />

Vicente Alvarenga, Marcus Renato Carvalho, Maria do Carmo Facó, Miguel<br />

da Costa, Monica Gazmenga, Nelly Padilla, Paola Faria, Patricia Tagata, Raoni<br />

Souza e Veronica Peseck.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro


Apresentação<br />

“E então, minha criança linda, quero te dar o que trago na minha alma...<br />

Acolhe em ti, agora, <strong>com</strong> muita força e calor, aquilo em que me transformo<br />

<strong>para</strong> ti...: num arco-íris <strong>de</strong> amor.”<br />

Roberto Shinyashiki<br />

Um amor sem limites e uma entrega total dia e noite, <strong>com</strong> o corpo e a alma.<br />

Será o <strong>com</strong>promisso que <strong>de</strong>slumbrará o mundo. Mãe e filho estarão cobertos por um<br />

firmamento resplan<strong>de</strong>cente <strong>de</strong> suas luzes. Serão, talvez, imunes à chuva; po<strong>de</strong>rão<br />

afundar numa nascente cristalina e perceber não mais que a vibração sonora <strong>de</strong> suas<br />

águas.<br />

O fogo não os queimará, mas conseguirá transferir o calor <strong>de</strong> que o bebê necessita<br />

<strong>para</strong> que sua vida se encha cada vez mais <strong>de</strong> ânsias <strong>de</strong> viver.<br />

As harmonias serão tão doces que não <strong>de</strong>ixarão <strong>de</strong> se olhar nem <strong>de</strong> se admirar.<br />

O amor <strong>de</strong>sse ventre continuará acolhendo-o, porque a espera não foi em vão.<br />

A canção <strong>de</strong> ninar será <strong>com</strong>o nos meses <strong>de</strong> espera e, assim, as pulsações seguirão<br />

sincronizando-se <strong>para</strong> que esse formoso fruto venha a encontrar a mesma calma <strong>com</strong><br />

que tranquilamente <strong>de</strong>scansava enquanto crescia.<br />

Acaso po<strong>de</strong>remos imaginar o mundo <strong>de</strong> magias e encantamento que se estabelece<br />

quando a mãe consegue, pela primeira vez, acariciar seu filho <strong>com</strong> suas mãos, quando<br />

o ergue e o aperta contra seu peito e o coloca entre seus seios? Esses seios que o<br />

alimentarão <strong>com</strong> o leite da bonda<strong>de</strong> humana na relação mais sincera, no maior ato <strong>de</strong><br />

amor quando não existirá <strong>com</strong>promisso <strong>para</strong> lhe dar o alimento que fará eco em todo<br />

o seu ser, e, em troca, ele a olhará <strong>com</strong> o mais terno e sublime carinho. O pagamento<br />

será a beleza <strong>de</strong> sua presença e, assim, fazê-la feliz <strong>para</strong> o resto <strong>de</strong> sua existência.<br />

Além disso, o peso não importará, somente a condição clínica dará a medida da<br />

felicida<strong>de</strong> que uma mãe sentirá quando consiga ter o filho em seus braços.<br />

Abençoemos o Dr. Luís Mussa Tavares por ter escrito Os <strong>Direitos</strong> Universais do<br />

Prematuro. Tal <strong>com</strong>o aqui, nascem os iniludíveis <strong>de</strong>veres <strong>para</strong> que não se separem<br />

mãe e filho sob nenhuma justificativa.<br />

Cabe à mãe mostrar o mundo a seu filho, e a i<strong>de</strong>ia <strong>de</strong> família será sinalizada <strong>para</strong><br />

ele, que a enten<strong>de</strong>rá <strong>com</strong>o algo que se constitui <strong>de</strong> laços sagrados.<br />

Para o bebê prematuro, a Metodologia Mãe-Canguru necessita tão-somente do<br />

ser mais importante <strong>para</strong> ele: sua própria mãe.<br />

Os direitos dos bebês prematuros são nossos próprios <strong>de</strong>veres. Inclinemo-nos<br />

diante da majesta<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sse ser pequenino e vamos protegê-lo, pois a beleza <strong>de</strong> seu<br />

futuro é nosso <strong>com</strong>promisso.<br />

Héctor Martinez Gomes<br />

Neonatólogo pediatra; Metodologia Mãe-Canguru<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro


Presentación<br />

“Y entonces niño lindo, quiero darte lo que tengo en el alma... Lleva<br />

contigo, ahora, con mucha fuerza y calor, aquello en lo que me transformo<br />

<strong>para</strong> ti... En el arco iris <strong>de</strong> amor.”<br />

Roberto Shinyashiki<br />

Un amor sin límites y una entrega total día y noche, con el cuerpo y con<br />

el alma será el <strong>com</strong>promiso que maravillará al mundo. Madre e hijo estarán<br />

cubiertos por un firmamento tachonado <strong>de</strong> sus luces. Serán, quizás, inmunes<br />

a la lluvia, se podrán profundizar en un manantial sin haber percibido algo<br />

diferente a la frescura <strong>de</strong>l entorno sonoro <strong>de</strong> su agua.<br />

El fuego no los quemará, pero se logrará transfundir el calor que el bebé<br />

necesita <strong>para</strong> que su vida se llene <strong>de</strong> más ansias <strong>de</strong> vivir. Los cantos serán<br />

tan dulces que no <strong>de</strong>jarán <strong>de</strong> mirarse ni <strong>de</strong> admirarse. El amor <strong>de</strong> ese vientre<br />

seguirá acogiéndolo porque la espera no fue en vano. El arrullo será <strong>com</strong>o en<br />

los meses <strong>de</strong> espera y así se seguirán sincronizando los latidos <strong>para</strong> que ese<br />

hermoso fruto siga encontrando la calma con la que apaciblemente <strong>de</strong>scansaba<br />

mientras crecía.<br />

¿Acaso podremos imaginar el universo que se establece cuando la<br />

madre logra por vez primera acariciar su hijo con sus manos, cuando lo alza<br />

y lo estrecha contra su pecho y lo pone entre sus senos? Esos senos que lo<br />

alimentarán con la leche <strong>de</strong> la bondad humana en la relación más sincera, en<br />

el acto más gran<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> amor en don<strong>de</strong> no existirá <strong>com</strong>promiso por darle el<br />

alimento que retumbará en todo su ser, y, a cambio, él la mirará con el más<br />

sublime cariño. El pago solo será la belleza <strong>de</strong> su presencia, y así hacerla feliz<br />

el resto <strong>de</strong> su existencia.<br />

Por lo <strong>de</strong>más el peso no importará, solo la condición clínica dará la pauta<br />

<strong>de</strong> la felicidad que una madre sentirá cuando logre tener al hijo en sus brazos.<br />

Bendigamos al Dr. Luis M. Tavares por haber escrito los <strong>de</strong>rechos universales<br />

<strong>de</strong>l prematuro. Igual, <strong>de</strong> aquí, nacen los ineludibles <strong>de</strong>beres <strong>para</strong> que no los<br />

separen bajo ninguna condición. La madre le mostrará el mundo a su hijo, la<br />

familia le mostrará un vínculo sagrado.<br />

Para los neonatos prematuros La Metodología Madre Canguro solo<br />

necesita el ser más importante <strong>para</strong> él: su propia madre. Son los <strong>de</strong>rechos<br />

<strong>de</strong>l niño nuestros propios <strong>de</strong>beres. Inclinémonos ante la majestad <strong>de</strong>l niño y<br />

protejámoslo, pues la hermosura <strong>de</strong> su futuro es nuestro <strong>com</strong>promiso.<br />

Héctor Martínez Gómez<br />

Neonatólogo pediatra; Metodología Madre Canguro<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


Presentation<br />

And then, my lovely child, I want to give you what I have insi<strong>de</strong> my soul...<br />

Take it in now, with great strength and warmth what I transform myself for<br />

you…: a rainbow of love.<br />

Roberto Shinyashiki<br />

Boundless love and total <strong>de</strong>livery, day and night, with my body and soul. It will<br />

be an engagement which will dazzle the world. Mother and child will be covered<br />

by a shining sky of their lights. They will be, perhaps, immune to rain; they will be<br />

able to submerge in a crystalline spring and just perceive the sonorous vibration of<br />

its waters.<br />

Fire will not burn them, but will succeed in transferring the warmth the baby<br />

needs so that its life is fulfilled with the burning <strong>de</strong>sire of living more and more.<br />

Harmony will be so sweet that it won’t be hin<strong>de</strong>red of neither being looked at<br />

nor being admired. The love from this womb will continue to embrace it because<br />

the wait was not in vain. The lullaby will enjoy the waiting months and therefore<br />

the pulsations will follow synchronizing themselves so that this beautiful fruit may<br />

reach the same calm in which it peacefully rested while growing.<br />

By any chance, can we imagine the world of magic and enchantment established<br />

when a mother, for the first time, caresses her child with her hands, when she lifts<br />

him and holds him against her chest and places it between her breasts? These breasts<br />

that will feed it with the milk of human kindness in the most sincere relationship, in<br />

the largest act of love when there won’t be <strong>com</strong>mitment to give it the nourichment<br />

which will echo in all its body and in exchange it will look at her with the most<br />

ten<strong>de</strong>r and sublime love. Payment will be the beauty of its presence and therefore<br />

make her happy for the rest of her existence.<br />

Furthermore weight will be of no importance, only the clinical condition will give<br />

the measurement of happiness a mother will feel when she has her child in her arms.<br />

Let’s bless Dr. Luis Mussa Tavares for having written a <strong>Universal</strong> Declaration<br />

of Premature Babies Rights similar as in here, the unmistakable duties are born so<br />

that mother and child are never apart un<strong>de</strong>r no circumstances.<br />

It is the mother’s role to show the world to her child, and the family i<strong>de</strong>a will be<br />

<strong>de</strong>monstrated to it so that it will un<strong>de</strong>rstand it as something <strong>com</strong>posed of sacred bonds.<br />

For the premature baby, the Kangaroo Mother Care only needs the most<br />

important being for it: its own mother.<br />

The child’s rights are our own duties. Let’s bend over the majesty of this tiny<br />

being and let’s protect it because the beauty of its future is our <strong>com</strong>mitment.<br />

Héctor Martinez Gomes<br />

Neonatologist Pediatrician, Kangaroo Mother Care<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro


<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong><br />

<strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

A <strong>Universal</strong> Declaration of Premature Babies Rights<br />

世界早産児の権利宣言<br />

<br />

<strong>Universal</strong>a Deklaro <strong>de</strong> Rajtoj por Frunaskitaj Beboj<br />

<br />

EGY ÁLTALÁNOS NYILATKOZAT A<br />

KORASZULOTTSÉGROL SZÓLÓ JOGOKRÓL<br />

En ver<strong>de</strong>nserklæring om Præmature nyfødtes Rettighe<strong>de</strong>r<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

Eine Allgemeine Rechtserklaerung fuer fruehgeborene Kin<strong>de</strong>r <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

Una Declaración <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> Derechos <strong>para</strong> el Bebé Prematuro


Prematüre Bebek Haklarının Uluslararası Bildirisi<br />

<br />

atüre bebekler özgür ve hak <strong>de</strong>erleri açısından eit doarlar. Onlara vicdan ve<br />

-<br />

<br />

dilmitir.<br />

atüre <br />

bebekler kanun önün<strong>de</strong> insanlar gibi her yer<strong>de</strong> tanınma, kabul<br />

<br />

görme <br />

hiptirler.<br />

<br />

matüre bebek<br />

Kimbangi<br />

uzun bir<br />

kia<br />

süre<br />

Nza miansua<br />

ailesin<strong>de</strong>n<br />

wa<br />

keyfi<br />

muana<br />

olarak<br />

Nsulu<br />

veya ansızın/bir<strong>de</strong>nbire<br />

ırakılmaz. <br />

Böyle bir korunma, . telaffuz <br />

edilmese <strong>de</strong>, onların hayatlarının<br />

. <br />

ez bir parçasıdır.<br />

Общая декларация прав детей, рождённых преждевременно<br />

atüre bebekler hiçbir ayrım olmaksızın, ırk, renk, cinsiyet, milliyet veya sosyal<br />

ginlik,<br />

<br />

doum veya dier statüler <br />

gibi bilimsel olarak<br />

<br />

tespit edilen tedavi <br />

sahiptirler. Статья I Dahası bütün prematüre bebeklerin onları anlayan, iletiim <br />

<br />

<br />

.<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

uyumlu Все недоношенные kararlar alabilen, дети ve рождены onların yararı свободными ve gelimelerini и с равными amaç edinen правами çok и<br />

plinli достоинствами. personel tarafından Им даны bakılmaya разум и сознание. hakları vardır. У них уже была жизнь до рождения, а<br />

также память, познания, эмоции и способность реагировать и взаимодействовать<br />

matüre bebekler ifa<strong>de</strong> ve görü özgürlüü haklarına sahiptirler. Bu ne<strong>de</strong>nle<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

с окружающим <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

миром. <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

saygı duyduu, <strong>de</strong>er verdii, anladıı ve tanıdıı yakınlama ve uzaklama<br />

<br />

Статья<br />

<br />

II<br />

lacaktır. . Eer bebein <br />

temas ve geri çekilme gibi kiisel ihtiyaçları göz önün<strong>de</strong><br />

Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право на признаваться как личность<br />

lmazsa <br />

hiçbir <br />

Dichiarazione prosedür <br />

<br />

<br />

etik . <br />

olarak <strong>Universal</strong>e <strong>de</strong>erlendirilmez. <strong>de</strong>i Diritti <strong>de</strong>l<br />

<br />

Neonato Prematuro <br />

перед законом в любом месте.<br />

atüre bebek ikenceye veya zalimce insanlık dıı veya aaılayıcı (onur kırıcı)<br />

<br />

<br />

Статья III <br />

<br />

<br />

ya cezalandırmaya maruz kalmayacaktır. Onların acıları her zaman dikkate<br />

<br />

Никакой <br />

недоношенный<br />

önüne geçilecek ve <br />

<br />

<br />

ребёнок не может быть самоуправно и грубо забран из<br />

Déclaration universelle mo<strong>de</strong>rn bilimin <strong>de</strong>s saladıı droits mevcut du bébé metotlarla/yöntemlerle<br />

prématuré<br />

семьи на длительный период времени. Сохранение семейных связей –<br />

lecektir. <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

фундаментальная Hiçbir yeni часть acı veren<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

жизни yöntem ребёнка. bebek <strong>de</strong> ibirlii için<strong>de</strong> olmadan ve bir<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

üdahele<strong>de</strong>n iyileme<strong>de</strong>n . <br />

balamayacaktır. Bu haktan yoksun bırakmak insan<br />

<br />

Статья <br />

IV


10<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

Artigo I<br />

Todos os prematuros nascem livres e iguais em dignida<strong>de</strong> e direitos. São dotados<br />

<strong>de</strong> razão e consciência. Possuem vida anterior ao nascimento, bem <strong>com</strong>o memória,<br />

aprendizado, emoção e capacida<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> resposta e interação <strong>com</strong> o mundo a sua<br />

volta.<br />

Artigo II<br />

Todo prematuro tem o direito <strong>de</strong> ser, em todos os lugares, reconhecido <strong>com</strong>o<br />

pessoa perante a lei.<br />

Artigo III<br />

Nenhum prematuro será arbitrariamente exilado <strong>de</strong> seu contexto familiar <strong>de</strong> modo<br />

brusco ou por tempo prolongado. A preservação <strong>de</strong>sse vínculo, ainda quando<br />

silenciosa e discreta, é parte fundamental <strong>de</strong> sua vida.<br />

Artigo IV<br />

Todo prematuro tem direito ao tratamento estabelecido pela ciência, sem distinção<br />

<strong>de</strong> qualquer espécie, seja <strong>de</strong> raça, cor, sexo, ou <strong>de</strong> outra natureza, origem nacional<br />

ou social, riqueza, nascimento, ou qualquer outra condição. Assim, todo prematuro<br />

tem o direito <strong>de</strong> ser cuidado por uma equipe multidisciplinar capacitada a<br />

<strong>com</strong>preendê-lo, interagir <strong>com</strong> ele e a tomar <strong>de</strong>cisões harmônicas em seu benefício<br />

e em prol <strong>de</strong> seu <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento.<br />

Artigo V<br />

Todo prematuro tem direito à liberda<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> opinião e expressão, portanto <strong>de</strong>verá<br />

ter seus sinais <strong>de</strong> aproximação e afastamento i<strong>de</strong>ntificados, <strong>com</strong>preendidos,<br />

valorizados e respeitados pela equipe <strong>de</strong> cuidadores. Nenhum procedimento será<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>rado ético quando não levar em conta <strong>para</strong> a sua execução as necessida<strong>de</strong>s<br />

individuais <strong>de</strong> contato ou recolhimento do bebê prematuro.<br />

Artigo VI<br />

Nenhum prematuro será submetido à tortura nem a tratamento ou castigo cruel,<br />

<strong>de</strong>sumano ou <strong>de</strong>gradante. Sua dor <strong>de</strong>verá ser sempre consi<strong>de</strong>rada, prevenida e<br />

tratada por meio dos processos disponibilizados pela ciência atual. Nenhum novo<br />

procedimento doloroso po<strong>de</strong>rá ser iniciado até que o bebê se reorganize e se<br />

restabeleça da intervenção anterior. Negar-lhe esse direito é crime <strong>de</strong> tortura contra<br />

a vida humana.<br />

Artigo VII<br />

Todo prematuro tem direito ao repouso, <strong>de</strong>vendo por isso ter respeitados seus<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


períodos <strong>de</strong> sono superficial e profundo que doravante serão tomados <strong>com</strong>o<br />

essenciais <strong>para</strong> seu <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento psíquico a<strong>de</strong>quado e sua regulação biológica.<br />

Interromper <strong>de</strong> forma aleatória e irresponsável sem motivo justificado o sono <strong>de</strong><br />

um prematuro é indicativo <strong>de</strong> maus-tratos.<br />

Artigo VIII<br />

Todo prematuro tem direito inalienável ao silêncio que o permita sentir-se o mais<br />

próximo possível do ambiente sonoro intrauterino, em respeito a seus limiares<br />

e à sua sensibilida<strong>de</strong>. Qualquer fonte sonora que <strong>de</strong>srespeite esse direito será<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>rada criminosa, hedionda e repugnante.<br />

Artigo IX<br />

Nenhum prematuro <strong>de</strong>verá, sob qualquer justificativa, ser submetido a procedimento<br />

estressante aplicado <strong>de</strong> forma displicente e injustificada pela Equipe <strong>de</strong> Saú<strong>de</strong>, sob<br />

pena <strong>de</strong> a mesma ser consi<strong>de</strong>rada negligente, <strong>de</strong>sumana e irresponsável.<br />

Artigo X<br />

Todo prematuro tem direito a perceber a alternância entre clarida<strong>de</strong> e penumbra, que<br />

passarão a representar <strong>para</strong> ele o dia e a noite. Nenhuma luz intensa permanecerá<br />

o tempo inteiro acesa, e nenhuma sombra será impedida <strong>de</strong> existir sob a alegação<br />

<strong>de</strong> monitorização contínua sem que os responsáveis por esses <strong>com</strong>portamentos<br />

<strong>de</strong>ixem <strong>de</strong> ser consi<strong>de</strong>rados displicentes, agressores e <strong>de</strong> atitu<strong>de</strong> dolosa.<br />

Artigo XI<br />

Todo prematuro tem direito, uma vez atingidas as condições básicas <strong>de</strong> equilíbrio<br />

e vitalida<strong>de</strong>, ao amor materno, ao calor materno e ao leite materno, que lhe são<br />

oferecidos pelo Método Mãe-Canguru. Caberá à Equipe <strong>de</strong> Saú<strong>de</strong> prover as<br />

condições estruturais mínimas necessárias a esse vínculo essencial e transformador<br />

do ambiente prematuro. Nenhum profissional ou cargo <strong>de</strong> <strong>com</strong>ando, em nenhuma<br />

esfera, tem a prerrogativa <strong>de</strong> impedir ou negar a possibilida<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sse vínculo que é<br />

símbolo da ciência tecnocrata redimida.<br />

Artigo XII<br />

Todo prematuro tem direito a ser alimentado <strong>com</strong> o leite <strong>de</strong> sua própria mãe ou,<br />

na falta <strong>de</strong>ssa, <strong>com</strong> o <strong>de</strong> uma outra mulher, tão logo suas condições clínicas o<br />

permitirem. Deverá ter sua sucção corretamente trabalhada <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> o início da<br />

vida e caberá à Equipe <strong>de</strong> Saú<strong>de</strong> garantir-lhe esse direito, afastando <strong>de</strong> seu<br />

entorno bicos <strong>de</strong> chupetas, chucas ou qualquer outro elemento que venha<br />

interferir negativamente em sua sucção saudável, bem <strong>com</strong>o assegurar-lhe seu<br />

a<strong>com</strong>panhamento por profissionais capacitados a facilitar esse processo. Nenhum<br />

custo financeiro será consi<strong>de</strong>rado <strong>de</strong>masiadamente gran<strong>de</strong> quando aplicado <strong>com</strong><br />

esse fim. Nenhuma fórmula láctea será displicentemente prescrita, e nenhum zelo<br />

será <strong>de</strong>scuidadamente aplicado sem que isso signifique <strong>de</strong>satenção e <strong>de</strong>samparo.<br />

O leite materno, doravante, será consi<strong>de</strong>rado e tratado <strong>com</strong>o parte fundamental da<br />

sua vida.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

11


12<br />

Una Declaración <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> Derechos <strong>para</strong> el Bebé<br />

Prematuro<br />

Artículo I<br />

Todos los prematuros nacen libres e iguales en dignidad y <strong>de</strong>recho. Son dotados<br />

<strong>de</strong> razón y conciencia. Poseen vida anterior al nacimiento, bien <strong>com</strong>o memoria,<br />

aprendizaje, emociones y capacidad <strong>de</strong> respuesta e interacción con el mundo a su<br />

alre<strong>de</strong>dor.<br />

Artículo II<br />

Todo prematuro tiene el <strong>de</strong>recho <strong>de</strong> ser, en todos los lugares, reconocido <strong>com</strong>o<br />

persona por la ley.<br />

Artículo III<br />

Ningún prematuro será arbitrariamente exiliado <strong>de</strong> su contexto familiar <strong>de</strong> modo<br />

brusco o por tiempo prolongado. La preservación <strong>de</strong> este vínculo, aún siendo<br />

silenciosa y discreta, es parte fundamental <strong>de</strong> su vida.<br />

Artículo IV<br />

Todo prematuro tiene <strong>de</strong>recho al tratamiento establecido por la ciencia, sin distinción<br />

<strong>de</strong> cualquier especie, sea raza, color, sexo o <strong>de</strong> otra naturaleza, origen nacional<br />

o social, riqueza, nacimiento o cualquier otra condición. Así, todo prematuro<br />

tiene el <strong>de</strong>recho <strong>de</strong> ser cuidado por un equipo multidisciplinario, capacitado <strong>para</strong><br />

<strong>com</strong>pren<strong>de</strong>rlo, interactuar con él y tomar <strong>de</strong>cisiones armónicas en su beneficio y<br />

en pro <strong>de</strong> su <strong>de</strong>sarrollo.<br />

Artículo V<br />

Todo prematuro tiene <strong>de</strong>recho a la libertad <strong>de</strong> opinión y expresión, por lo<br />

tanto <strong>de</strong>berá tener sus señales <strong>de</strong> aproximación y alejamiento i<strong>de</strong>ntificadas,<br />

<strong>com</strong>prendidas, valorizadas y respetadas por el equipo <strong>de</strong> cuidadores. Ningún<br />

procedimiento será consi<strong>de</strong>rado ético si no tiene en cuenta <strong>para</strong> su ejecución las<br />

necesida<strong>de</strong>s individuales <strong>de</strong> contacto o <strong>de</strong>scanso <strong>de</strong>l bebé prematuro.<br />

Artículo VI<br />

Ningún prematuro será sometido a tortura ni a tratamiento o castigo cruel,<br />

<strong>de</strong>shumano o <strong>de</strong>gradante. Su dolor <strong>de</strong>berá ser siempre consi<strong>de</strong>rado, prevenido y<br />

tratado a través <strong>de</strong> los procesos disponibles por la ciencia actual. Ningún nuevo<br />

procedimiento doloroso podrá ser iniciado hasta que el bebé se reorganice y se<br />

restablezca <strong>de</strong> la intervención anterior. Negarle ese <strong>de</strong>recho es crimen <strong>de</strong> tortura<br />

contra la vida humana.<br />

Artículo VII<br />

Todo prematuro tiene <strong>de</strong>recho al reposo, <strong>de</strong>biendo por eso ser respetados sus<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


períodos <strong>de</strong> sueño superficial y profundo, los cuales serán tomados <strong>com</strong>o esenciales<br />

<strong>para</strong> su <strong>de</strong>sarrollo psíquico a<strong>de</strong>cuado y su regulación biológica. Interrumpir el<br />

sueño <strong>de</strong>l prematuro <strong>de</strong> forma aleatoria e irresponsable y sin motivo justificado es<br />

indicativo <strong>de</strong> malos tratos.<br />

Artículo VIII<br />

Todo prematuro tiene el <strong>de</strong>recho inalienable al silencio que le permita sentirse<br />

lo más cercano posible al ambiente sonoro intrauterino, respecto a sus límites y<br />

sensibilidad. Cualquier fuente sonora que irrespete ese <strong>de</strong>recho será consi<strong>de</strong>rada<br />

criminal, hedionda y repugnante.<br />

Artículo IX<br />

Ningún prematuro <strong>de</strong>berá, bajo ninguna justificativa, ser sometido a procedimientos<br />

estresantes aplicados <strong>de</strong> forma displicente e injustificada por el Equipo <strong>de</strong> Salud,<br />

pues se consi<strong>de</strong>rará a ésta negligente, <strong>de</strong>shumana e irresponsable.<br />

Artículo X<br />

Todo prematuro tiene <strong>de</strong>recho a percibir la alternancia entre claridad y penumbra,<br />

que pasarán a representar <strong>para</strong> él el día y la noche. Ninguna luz intensa permanecerá<br />

todo el tiempo encendida, y ninguna sombra será impedida <strong>de</strong> existir bajo la excusa<br />

<strong>de</strong> monitorización continua sin que los responsables por esos <strong>com</strong>portamientos<br />

<strong>de</strong>jen <strong>de</strong> ser consi<strong>de</strong>rados displicentes, agresores y <strong>de</strong> actitud dolosa.<br />

Artículo XI<br />

Todo prematuro tiene el <strong>de</strong>recho, una vez alcanzadas las condiciones básicas <strong>de</strong><br />

equilibrio y vitalidad, al amor materno, al calor materno y a la leche materna que<br />

le son ofrecidos a través <strong>de</strong>l método madre canguro. El Equipo <strong>de</strong> Salud <strong>de</strong>berá<br />

proveer las condiciones estructurales mínimas necesarias a este vínculo esencial<br />

y transformador <strong>de</strong>l ambiente prematuro. Ningún profesional o jefe <strong>de</strong> mando, en<br />

ninguna esfera, tiene el <strong>de</strong>recho <strong>de</strong> impedir o negar la posibilidad <strong>de</strong> ese vínculo<br />

que es símbolo <strong>de</strong> ciencia tecnócrata redimida.<br />

Artículo XII<br />

Todo prematuro tiene el <strong>de</strong>recho <strong>de</strong> ser alimentado con leche <strong>de</strong> su propia madre,<br />

o si falta ésa, con la <strong>de</strong> otra mujer, tan pronto <strong>com</strong>o sus condiciones clínicas lo<br />

permitan. Deberá tener su succión correctamente trabajada <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el inicio <strong>de</strong> la<br />

vida y cabrá al Equipo <strong>de</strong> Salud garantizarle ese <strong>de</strong>recho, evitando en su entorno<br />

chupetes, biberones o cualquier otro elemento que interfiera negativamente en su<br />

succión saludable, bien <strong>com</strong>o asegurando su a<strong>com</strong>pañamiento por profesionales<br />

capacitados <strong>para</strong> facilitar el proceso. Ningún costo financiero será consi<strong>de</strong>rado<br />

<strong>de</strong>masiado gran<strong>de</strong> cuando sea utilizado <strong>para</strong> ese fin. Ninguna fórmula láctea será<br />

prescrita con displicencia y ningún cuidado será aplicado <strong>de</strong> manera irresponsable<br />

sin que eso signifique <strong>de</strong>satención y <strong>de</strong>samparo. La leche materna, <strong>de</strong> ahora<br />

en a<strong>de</strong>lante, será consi<strong>de</strong>rada y tratada <strong>com</strong>o parte fundamental <strong>de</strong> la vida <strong>de</strong>l<br />

prematuro.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

1


14<br />

A <strong>Universal</strong> Declaration of Premature Babies Rights<br />

Article I<br />

All premature babies are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are<br />

endowed with reason and conscience. They possess life prior to birth, as well as<br />

memory, learning process, emotion and capacity to respond and interact with the<br />

world around them.<br />

Article II<br />

Every premature baby has the right be recognized as persons, everywhere, before<br />

the law.<br />

Article III<br />

No premature baby shall be arbitrarily or abruptly <strong>de</strong>prived of its family context<br />

for a prolonged period of time. The preservation of such bond, though silent and<br />

discreet, is a fundamental part of its life.<br />

Article IV<br />

Every premature baby is entitled to treatment established by science, without<br />

distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, national or social origin, property,<br />

birth or any other status. Furthermore, every premature baby is entitled to be taken<br />

care of by a multi-disciplinary team able to un<strong>de</strong>rstand it, interact with it, and able to<br />

make harmonious <strong>de</strong>cisions, aiming at its own benefit and <strong>de</strong>velopment.<br />

Article V<br />

Every premature baby is entitled to freedom of opinion and expression, therefore<br />

it shall have its signs for closeness and privacy i<strong>de</strong>ntified, un<strong>de</strong>rstood, valued and<br />

respected by the caretaker’s team. No procedure shall be consi<strong>de</strong>red ethical if it does<br />

not take into account the premature baby’s individual needs of contact or privacy.<br />

Article VI<br />

No premature baby shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or <strong>de</strong>grading<br />

treatment or punishment. Its pain shall always be taken into account, prevented<br />

and treated with methods available by mo<strong>de</strong>rn science. No new painful procedure<br />

shall be initiated before the baby pulls itself together and recover from a previous<br />

intervention. To have this right <strong>de</strong>nied is a crime of torture against human life.<br />

Article VII<br />

Every premature baby has the right to rest, and to have its periods of both superficial<br />

and <strong>de</strong>ep sleep respected, which, hereafter shall be regar<strong>de</strong>d as essential for its<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


psychic <strong>de</strong>velopment suitable for its biological regulation. To interrupt the sleep<br />

of a premature baby at random and irresponsible way, without justified reason, is<br />

indicative of mistreatment.<br />

Article VIII<br />

Every premature baby has the inalienable right to silence to allow it to feel as close<br />

as possible to the intra-uterine sound environment, in or<strong>de</strong>r to respect its thresholds<br />

and sensibility. Any sound source that disrespects that right shall be consi<strong>de</strong>red<br />

criminal, vile and repugnant.<br />

Article IX<br />

No premature baby shall, un<strong>de</strong>r any justification, be submitted to stressful procedure<br />

applied in a careless and justified way by the health team, in which case it shall be<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>red negligent, inhuman and irresponsible.<br />

Article X<br />

Every premature baby has the right to notice the alternation between light and<br />

dark, which for it shall stand for night and day. No intense light shall be on all the<br />

time, nor shall any shadow be prevented from existing due to allegedly continuous<br />

monitoring, being the ones responsible for this behavior consi<strong>de</strong>red careless,<br />

aggressive and <strong>de</strong>ceitful.<br />

Article XI<br />

Every premature baby has the right, once reached the basic conditions of balance<br />

and vitality, to maternal love, to maternal warmth and maternal milk which shall<br />

be offered to it through the Kangaroo-Mother Method. It shall be up to the health<br />

team to provi<strong>de</strong> the minimum structural conditions necessary for this essential bond<br />

and premature atmosphere transformer. No professional or head of function in any<br />

segment have the prerogative to prevent or <strong>de</strong>ny the possibility of such bond which<br />

is a symbol of the re<strong>de</strong>emed technocrat science.<br />

Article XII<br />

Every premature baby has the right to be fed with its own mother’s milk, or, if she<br />

is not present, with the milk from another woman as soon as its clinic conditions<br />

permit. It should have its sucking ability correctly <strong>de</strong>veloped since the beginning<br />

of its life, and it is up to the health team to guarantee this right by moving away<br />

pacifiers, rubber nipples or any other object that may interfere negatively in their<br />

healthy sucking, as well as to assure that qualified professionals facilitate this<br />

process. No financial cost shall be consi<strong>de</strong>red too high when used for that aim. No<br />

formula shall be prescribed mindlessly. Carelessness shall be consi<strong>de</strong>red lack of<br />

attention and abandonment. Maternal milk, from now on, shall be consi<strong>de</strong>red and<br />

treated as a fundamental part of its life.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

1


1<br />

Déclaration universelle <strong>de</strong>s droits du bébé prématuré<br />

Article I<br />

Tous les prématurés naissent libres et égaux en dignité et en droits. Ils possè<strong>de</strong>nt –<br />

et cela dès la pério<strong>de</strong> prénatale – la vie, une mémoire, <strong>de</strong>s apprentissages, une<br />

émotion propre ainsi que la capacité <strong>de</strong> <strong>com</strong>muniquer et d’interagir avec le<br />

mon<strong>de</strong> qui les entoure.<br />

Article II<br />

Tout prématuré a le droit d’être, en tous lieux, considéré <strong>com</strong>me une personne<br />

au regard <strong>de</strong> la loi.<br />

Article III<br />

Aucun prématuré ne sera arbitrairement retiré à son environnement familial <strong>de</strong><br />

manière brutale ou pour une durée prolongée. La préservation <strong>de</strong> ce lien avec<br />

la famille – même discrète et silencieuse – joue un rôle fondamental dans la<br />

vie du prématuré.<br />

Article IV<br />

Tout prématuré a droit à un traitement établi par la science, sans discrimination<br />

d’aucune sorte, qu’il s’agisse <strong>de</strong> l’origine ethnique, la couleur <strong>de</strong> peau, le sexe,<br />

ou bien la nationalité, l’origine sociale, la richesse, la «naissance» ou quelque<br />

autre distinction que ce soit. Ainsi, tout prématuré a le droit d’être soigné par<br />

une équipe pluridisciplinaire, capable <strong>de</strong> le <strong>com</strong>prendre, d’interagir avec lui,<br />

et <strong>com</strong>pétente pour prendre <strong>de</strong>s décisions harmonieuses pour son bien-être et<br />

sa croissance.<br />

Article V<br />

Tout prématuré a droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression. Par conséquent,<br />

ses signaux d’approche ou d’éloignement (sourires, larmes, cris…) <strong>de</strong>vront<br />

être i<strong>de</strong>ntifiés, <strong>com</strong>pris, valorisés, encouragés et respectés par l’équipe<br />

soignante. Aucune mesure ne sera considérée éthique lorsqu’elle ne prendra<br />

pas en <strong>com</strong>pte dans sa réalisation les besoins individuelles <strong>de</strong> contact humain<br />

ou <strong>de</strong> repli sur soi du bébé prématuré.<br />

Article VI<br />

Aucun prématuré ne sera soumis à la torture, ni à aucun traitement ou châtiment<br />

cruel, inhumain ou dégradant. Sa douleur <strong>de</strong>vra toujours être prise en <strong>com</strong>pte,<br />

prévenue, et traitée à l’ai<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> toutes les métho<strong>de</strong>s dont dispose la science<br />

actuellement. Aucun nouveau procédé douloureux ne <strong>de</strong>vra être initialisé avant<br />

que le prématuré ne se soit remis et rétabli <strong>de</strong> la précé<strong>de</strong>nte intervention. Lui<br />

ôter ce droit est un crime contre l’humanité.<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


Article VII<br />

Tout prématuré a droit au repos. Il conviendra donc <strong>de</strong> respecter ses pério<strong>de</strong>s<br />

<strong>de</strong> sommeil, léger ou profond, qui seront considérées essentielles pour son<br />

développement psychique et son équilibre biologique. Interrompre <strong>de</strong> manière<br />

aléatoire, irresponsable ou sans motif valable le sommeil d’un bébé prématuré<br />

représente une forme <strong>de</strong> maltraitance.<br />

Article VIII<br />

Tout prématuré a un droit inaliénable au silence. Il l’ai<strong>de</strong> à se sentir le plus<br />

proche possible <strong>de</strong> l’ambiance sonore intra-utérine, et permet <strong>de</strong> respecter son<br />

seuil <strong>de</strong> tolérance et sa sensibilité au bruit. Tout fond sonore qui ne respecterait<br />

pas ce droit sera considéré cruel, ignoble et révoltant.<br />

Article IX<br />

L’équipe soignante ne <strong>de</strong>vra, sous aucun prétexte, soumettre un bébé prématuré<br />

à un procédé effectué <strong>de</strong> manière stressante, pénible ou injustifiée, sous peine<br />

d’être considérée négligente, inhumaine et irresponsable.<br />

Article X<br />

Tout prématuré a le droit <strong>de</strong> percevoir l’alternance entre clarté et pénombre,<br />

qui représenteront pour lui le jour et la nuit. Il ne faudra laisser aucune lumière<br />

intense allumée en permanence ni empêcher l’obscurité avec pour seul prétexte<br />

la surveillance continue du prématuré. Les responsables <strong>de</strong> tels agissements<br />

auraient un <strong>com</strong>portement coupable et agressif.<br />

Article XI<br />

Tout prématuré a droit (une fois atteintes les conditions requises d’équilibre et<br />

<strong>de</strong> vitalité) à l’amour, à la chaleur et au lait maternel qui lui sont proposés à<br />

travers la Métho<strong>de</strong> Kangourou. Il appartiendra à l’équipe médicale d’assurer<br />

<strong>de</strong>s structures et un environnement propice au développement <strong>de</strong> ce lien<br />

relationnel, essentiel et formateur. Aucun professionnel <strong>de</strong> santé ou détenteur<br />

d’autorité n’a la prérogative d’empêcher la naissance <strong>de</strong> ce lien .En effet, cette<br />

attitu<strong>de</strong> symboliserait la science technocrate et dévouée au profit.<br />

Article XII<br />

Tout prématuré a le droit d’être nourri avec le lait <strong>de</strong> sa mère (ou en l’absence <strong>de</strong> celuici,<br />

avec le lait d’une autre femme) dès que ses conditions cliniques le permettent.<br />

Le bébé prématuré <strong>de</strong>vra pouvoir s’exercer à la succion. Les professionnels <strong>de</strong><br />

santé <strong>de</strong>vront être capables d’assurer ce droit au prématuré en éloignant <strong>de</strong> lui<br />

tous types <strong>de</strong> tétines en caoutchouc et autres éléments susceptibles <strong>de</strong> nuire à son<br />

apprentissage, en l’ac<strong>com</strong>pagnant, et en facilitant son entraînement à la succion.<br />

Aucun coût ne sera considéré excessif lorsqu’il sera utilisé à cette fin. Aucun lait<br />

infantile ne sera prescrit sans une réflexion préalable, et toute décision précipitée<br />

à ce sujet signifierait négligence et abandon. Le lait maternel sera désormais<br />

considéré et traité <strong>com</strong>me un élément fondamental <strong>de</strong> la vie du prématuré.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

1


18<br />

Eine Allgemeine Rechtserklaerung fuer fruehgeborene Kin<strong>de</strong>r<br />

Artikel I<br />

Alle Fruehgeborenen kommen frei und gleich, in Wuer<strong>de</strong> und Recht, zur Welt. Sie<br />

verfuegen breits ueber Verstand und Bewusstesein, sowie Gedaechtnis, Lernfaehigkeit,<br />

Gefuehle und die Faehigkeit zu antworten und mit ihrer Umwelt zu kommunizieren.<br />

Artikel II<br />

Je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehgorene hat das Recht, in allen Orten dieser Welt, als mit Menschenrechten<br />

versehene Person anerkannt zu wer<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

Artikel III<br />

Nicht ein Fruehgeborenes darf willkuerlich, ploetzlich o<strong>de</strong>r fuer verlaengerten Zeitraum<br />

aus seinem familiaeren Umkreis gerissen wer<strong>de</strong>n. Die Bewahrung <strong>de</strong>s familiaeren<br />

Zusammensein, wenn auch in stiller, diskreter Art und Weise ist fundametaler Teil <strong>de</strong>s<br />

Lebens eines je<strong>de</strong>n Neugeborenen.<br />

Artikel IV<br />

Je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehgeborene hat das Recht auf eine wissenschaftlich begleitete Behandlung,<br />

ohne jeglicher Unterscheidung von Rasse, Hautfarbe, Geschlecht, nationalem, sowie<br />

sozialem und fianziellen Hintergrund etc.; somit hat je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehgeborene das Recht<br />

auf die Behandlung und Beobachtung eines hochqualifizierten Aerzte-Teams, welches<br />

in <strong>de</strong>r Lage sein sollte, das Neugeborene zu verstehen, mit ihm zu kommunizieren<br />

und auf Grundlage <strong>de</strong>ssen Entscheidungen in seinem Sinne und im Hinblick auf seine<br />

Entwicklung zu treffen.<br />

Artikel V<br />

Je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehgeborene hat das Recht auf Meinungs- und Ausdrucksfreiheit. Somit sollten<br />

von ihm ausgehen<strong>de</strong> Zeichen von Zu- und Abneigung bestimmter Personen von <strong>de</strong>m<br />

behan<strong>de</strong>ln<strong>de</strong>n Aerzte-Team wahrgenommen, verstan<strong>de</strong>n und respektiert wer<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

Nicht eine medizinische Behandlung, die waehrend seiner Ausfuehrung nicht ausreichend<br />

Ruecksicht auf die individuellen, menschlichen Beduerfnisse <strong>de</strong>s Neugeborenen nimmt,<br />

kann und dar als ethisch angesehen wer<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

Artikel VI<br />

Kein Fruehgeborenes darf Qualen o<strong>de</strong>r grausamen, unmenschlichen o<strong>de</strong>r erniedrigen<strong>de</strong>n<br />

Behandlungen o<strong>de</strong>r Strafen ausgesetzt wer<strong>de</strong>n. Moegliche Schemerzen seinerseits<br />

sollten immer vorausgesehen, beruecksichtigt und mit wissenschaftlich geprueften<br />

Verfahren behan<strong>de</strong>lt wer<strong>de</strong>n. Nicht eine neueinsetzten<strong>de</strong>, mit Schemrzen verbun<strong>de</strong>ne<br />

Behandlung darf beginnen bevor sich das Neugeborene von <strong>de</strong>r vorherigen erholt und<br />

beruhigt hat. Die Missachtung dieses Rechtes gilt als Qual und Folter menschlichen<br />

Lebens.<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


Artikel VII<br />

Je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehgeborene hat das Recht auf Ruhezeit und somit muessen seine kurzen und<br />

tiefen Schlafzeiten respektiert und bewahrt wer<strong>de</strong>n. Diese gelten als wesentlich fuer seine<br />

adaequate, phsyichische Entwicklung und seine biologische Regulierung. Das willkuerliche,<br />

unbegruen<strong>de</strong>te Unterbrechen <strong>de</strong>s Schlafes eines Fruehgeborenen gilt als Misshandlung.<br />

Artikel VIII<br />

Je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehgeborene hat das unveraeusserliche Recht auf Ruhe, die es ihm ermoeglicht<br />

sich soweit wie moeglich, wie im intrauterinen Umfeld zu fuehlen. Jegliche Form <strong>de</strong>r<br />

lautstarken Belaestigung <strong>de</strong>s Kin<strong>de</strong>s wird als kriminell und unmenschlich angesehen.<br />

Artikel IX<br />

Nicht ein Fruegeborenes darf unangenehmen, stressen<strong>de</strong>n Behandlungen unterzogen<br />

wer<strong>de</strong>n, wenn diese nicht von gesun<strong>de</strong>heitlicher Be<strong>de</strong>utsamkeit und aerztlich empfohelen<br />

sind. An<strong>de</strong>rnfalls wird das behan<strong>de</strong>ln<strong>de</strong> Aerzte-Team als unmenschlich, unverantwortlich<br />

und nachlaessig zu Recht gezogen.<br />

Artikel X<br />

Je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehegborene hat das Recht auf <strong>de</strong>n regulierten Wechsel zwischen hell und dunkel<br />

in seinem Umfeld, durch <strong>de</strong>n fuer das Neugeborene Tag und Nacht dargestellt wer<strong>de</strong>n. Es<br />

darf we<strong>de</strong>r dauerhaft hell noch dunkel im Umfeld <strong>de</strong>s Kin<strong>de</strong>s sein. Wird eine Dauerhafte<br />

Ueberwachung <strong>de</strong>s Kin<strong>de</strong>s als dauerhafter Unterbrechungsgrund seiner Schlafzeiten<br />

angegeben o<strong>de</strong>r vorgetaeuscht, wer<strong>de</strong>n die behan<strong>de</strong>ln<strong>de</strong>n Aerzte als verantworlich zu Recht<br />

gezogen.<br />

Artikel XI<br />

Von <strong>de</strong>m Zeitpunkt aus, dass das Freugeborene ueber eine stabile Lebensfaehigkeit verfuegt,<br />

hat es Recht auf direkten Kontakt zur Mutter, Muttermilch und muetterlicher Waerme, die<br />

ihm mit Hand <strong>de</strong>r Kaenguru-Mutter-Metho<strong>de</strong> zur Verfuegung gestellt wer<strong>de</strong>n. Das fuer die<br />

Gesundheit <strong>de</strong>s Kin<strong>de</strong>s verantworliche Aerzte- Team hat dafuer zu sorgen, die grundlegen<strong>de</strong>n<br />

Utensilien und Raeumlichkeiten zur Verfuegung zu stellen, die fuer diesen Prozess noteenig<br />

sind. Nicht ein Arzt o<strong>de</strong>r sonstiger Beteiligter hat das Recht diesen Band und die mit diesem<br />

zusammenhaengen<strong>de</strong> Entwicklung <strong>de</strong>s Kin<strong>de</strong>s zu unterbin<strong>de</strong>n o<strong>de</strong>r zu verbieten, da diese<br />

als Simbol <strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>r bisher erlangten technokratischen Wissenschaft stehen.<br />

Artikel XII<br />

Je<strong>de</strong>s Fruehgeborene hat das Recht auf die Ernaehrung mit <strong>de</strong>r Milch seiner leiblichen<br />

Mutter o<strong>de</strong>r wenn diese nicht verfuegbar ist, <strong>de</strong>r Milch einer an<strong>de</strong>ren Frau, sobald es<br />

seine gesundheitlichen Umstaen<strong>de</strong> zu lassen. Das behan<strong>de</strong>ln<strong>de</strong> Aerzte-Team ist fuer das<br />

korrekte Erlernen <strong>de</strong>s Trinkens (Saugen) <strong>de</strong>s Kin<strong>de</strong>s verantwortlich. Somit sind sie dafuer<br />

zustaendig , dass Neugeborene nicht an Schnuller, Saugflaschen o<strong>de</strong>r sonstige Elemente,<br />

die sein Saugverhalten negativ beeintraechtigen koennen zu gewoehen. Die aerztliche<br />

Beobachtung und Begleitung dieses Prozesses ist von grosser Be<strong>de</strong>utsamkeit und muss<br />

somit unabhaengig von Preis und Dauer <strong>de</strong>s Prozesses versichert wer<strong>de</strong>n. Die aerztliche<br />

Verschreibung von falsch dosierter Milchprodukte o<strong>de</strong>r aerztlicher Uebereifer gilt als<br />

undachtsam und verantwortunglos.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

19


20<br />

Dichiarazione <strong>Universal</strong>e <strong>de</strong>i Diritti <strong>de</strong>l Neonato Prematuro<br />

Articolo I<br />

Tutti i neonati prematuri nascono liberi e con uguali dignità e diritti. Sono dotati<br />

di ragione e coscienza. Hanno una vita prece<strong>de</strong>nte alla nascita, così <strong>com</strong>e memoria,<br />

abilità, emozioni e capacitá di rispon<strong>de</strong>re e interagire con il mondo che li circonda.<br />

Articolo II<br />

Ovunque, davanti alla legge, tutti i neonati prematuri hanno il diritto di essere<br />

riconosciuti <strong>com</strong>e esseri umani.<br />

Articolo III<br />

Nessun neonato prematuro sarà privato <strong>de</strong>l convivio familiare arbitrariamente,<br />

bruscamente o per um tempo prolungato. Preservare questo vincolo, anche se<br />

silenziosamente e discretamente, è fondamentale per la sua vita.<br />

Articolo IV<br />

Tutti i neonati prematuri hanno il diritto di ricevere le cure riconosciute dalla<br />

scienza, senza distinzione di specie ovvero razza, colore, sesso o di altro tipo,<br />

origine nazionale o sociale, ricchezza, nascita o qualsiasi altra condizione. Essendo<br />

così, tutti i neonati prematuri hanno il diritto di ricevere le cure di un’equipe<br />

multidisciplinare capace di <strong>com</strong>pren<strong>de</strong>rli, interagire con loro e pren<strong>de</strong>re <strong>de</strong>cisioni<br />

armoniosamente per il loro bene e in favore <strong>de</strong>l loro sviluppo.<br />

Articolo V<br />

Tutti i neonati prematuri hanno diritto alla libertà di opinione ed espressione, pertanto<br />

dovranno essere i<strong>de</strong>ntificati, <strong>com</strong>presi e rispettati i loro segnali di avvicinamento<br />

e allontanamento dall’equipe che di loro si occupa. Nessun intervento sarà<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>rato etico quando non pren<strong>de</strong>rà in consi<strong>de</strong>razione, per la sua esecuzione, le<br />

necessitá individuali di contatto o raccoglimento <strong>de</strong>i neonati prematuri.<br />

Articolo VI<br />

Nessun neonato prematuro sarà sottomesso a tortura, nè a trattamento o castigo cru<strong>de</strong>le,<br />

disumano o <strong>de</strong>gradante. Il loro dolore dovrà essere sempre consi<strong>de</strong>rato, prevenuto e trattato<br />

con i mezzi messi a disposizione dalla scienza contemporanea. Nessun nuovo trattamento<br />

doloroso potrà essere intrapreso fino a che il neonato non si riprenda e si recuperi da un<br />

intervento prece<strong>de</strong>nte. Negar loro questo diritto é um crimine contro la vita.<br />

Articolo VII<br />

Tutti i neonati prematuri hanno diritto al riposo e per questo <strong>de</strong>vono essere<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


ispettati i loro periodi di sonno superficiale e profondo che d’ora in avanti saranno<br />

consi<strong>de</strong>rati essenziali per uno sviluppo psichico a<strong>de</strong>quato e l’ equilibrio biologico.<br />

Interrompere aleatoriamente e irresponsabilmente, senza motivo giustificato, il<br />

sonno di un prematuro è indizio di maltrattamento.<br />

Articolo VIII<br />

Tutti i neonati prematuri hanno il diritto inalienabile al silenzio che permetta loro<br />

di sentirsi il più vicino possibile all’ambiente sonoro intra-uterino nel rispetto <strong>de</strong>i<br />

loro limiti e <strong>de</strong>lla loro sensibilità. Qualsiasi fonte sonora che non rispetti questo<br />

diritto sarà consi<strong>de</strong>rata criminale, abbietta e ripugnante.<br />

Articolo IX<br />

Nessun neonato prematuro dovrà, in nessun modo, essere sottomesso a interventi<br />

stressanti con noncuranza e ingiustificatamente dall’Equipe Medica sotto pena che<br />

questa sia consi<strong>de</strong>rata negligente, disumana e irresponsabile.<br />

Articolo X<br />

Tutti i neonati prematuri hanno il diritto di percepire l’alternanza tra la luce soffusa<br />

e la penombra che rappresenteranno per loro il giorno e la notte. Nessuna luce<br />

intensa resterà accesa continuamente e non sarà impedida la penombra, con la scusa<br />

che i prematuri <strong>de</strong>vono essere continuamenti controllati, senza che i responsabili<br />

siano consi<strong>de</strong>rati non curanti, aggressivi e dal <strong>com</strong>portamento doloso.<br />

Articolo XI<br />

Tutti i neonati prematuri hanno il diritto, una volta raggiunte le condizioni primarie<br />

di equilibrio e vitalità, all’amore materno che è offerto loro dalla Marsupioterapia.<br />

Sarà cura <strong>de</strong>ll’equipe medica provve<strong>de</strong>re alle condizioni strutturali minime per<br />

tale vincolo essenziale e trasformatore <strong>de</strong>ll’ambiente prematuro. Nessun medico<br />

o persona a capo di una struttura a qualsiasi livello ha la prerogativa di impedire o<br />

negare la possibilitá di tale vincolo, simbolo <strong>de</strong>lla scienza tecnocratica re<strong>de</strong>nta.<br />

Articolo XII<br />

Tutti i neonati prematuri hanno il diritto di essere nutriti con il latte <strong>de</strong>lla loro mamma<br />

o, quando questo manchi, di un’altra donna non appena le loro condizioni cliniche lo<br />

permettano. Dovranno essere stimolati alla suzione fin dall’inizio <strong>de</strong>lla loro vita ed<br />

é <strong>com</strong>pito <strong>de</strong>ll’equipe medica garantire loro questo diritto tenendo lontani succhiotti,<br />

tettarelle o qualsiasi altro elemento che possa interferire con una suzione sana, e<br />

asssicurando loro l’ ac<strong>com</strong>pagnamento da parte di persone capaci a facilitare tale<br />

processo. Nessun costo finanziario sarà consi<strong>de</strong>rato troppo alto quando rivolto a questa<br />

finalità. Nessuna formula lattea sarà prescritta per negligenza e lo zelo non sarà mai<br />

eccessivo senza che ciò sia consi<strong>de</strong>rato disattenzione e abbandono. Il latte materno,<br />

d’ora in avanti, sarà consi<strong>de</strong>rato e trattato <strong>com</strong>e parte fondamentale <strong>de</strong>lla loro vita.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

21


22<br />

En ver<strong>de</strong>nserklæring om Præmature nyfødtes Rettighe<strong>de</strong>r<br />

Artikel I<br />

Alle præmature nyfødte er født frie og lige i værdighed og rettighe<strong>de</strong>r. De<br />

er udstyret med fornuft og samvittighed. De besid<strong>de</strong>r liv før fødslen, samt<br />

hukommelse, vi<strong>de</strong>n, følelser og evne til at reagere og interagere med ver<strong>de</strong>n<br />

omkring <strong>de</strong>m.<br />

Artikel II<br />

Alle præmature nyfødte har ret til at blive anerkendt som personer, for loven.<br />

Artikel III<br />

Ingen præmature nyfødte må vilkårligt eller brat berøves sin<br />

familiemæssige baggrund for en længere perio<strong>de</strong>. Bevarelsen af en sådan<br />

forpligtelse, selv stille og diskret, er en grundlæggen<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>l af ens liv.<br />

Artikel IV<br />

Alle præmature nyfødte har ret til vi<strong>de</strong>nskabelig begrun<strong>de</strong>t behandling, u<strong>de</strong>n<br />

forskelsbehandling af nogen art, såsom race, hudfarve, køn, national eller<br />

social oprin<strong>de</strong>lse, formueforhold, fødsel eller an<strong>de</strong>n status. Desu<strong>de</strong>n har<br />

alle præmature nyfødte ret til at blive varetaget af tværfaglige behandlere<br />

og plejere <strong>de</strong>r er i stand til at forstå <strong>de</strong>m, interagere med <strong>de</strong>m, og i stand<br />

til at tage harmonisk beslutninger, <strong>de</strong>r er til børnenes for<strong>de</strong>l og udvikling.<br />

Artikel V<br />

Alle præmature nyfødte har ret til menings-og ytringsfrihed, <strong>de</strong>rfor skal <strong>de</strong><br />

have <strong>de</strong>res udtryk for nærhed og inddragelse i<strong>de</strong>ntificeret, forstået og værdsat<br />

og respekteret af behandlere or plejere. Ingen procedure anses etisk hvis <strong>de</strong>n<br />

ikke tager høj<strong>de</strong> for barnets individuelle behov for kontakt eller afvisning.<br />

Artikel VI<br />

Ingen præmature nyfødte, skal un<strong>de</strong>rkastes tortur eller grusom, umenneskelig<br />

eller nedværdigen<strong>de</strong> behandling eller straf. Dets smerter skal altid tages i<br />

betragtning, forebygges og behandles med meto<strong>de</strong>r til rådighed ved mo<strong>de</strong>rne<br />

vi<strong>de</strong>nskab. Ingen nye smerteful<strong>de</strong> procedure skal være påbegyndt før barnet<br />

er kommet sig fra en tidligere intervention. At have <strong>de</strong>nne ret nægtet er en<br />

forbry<strong>de</strong>lse og tortur mod menneskers liv.<br />

Artikel VII<br />

Alle præmature nyfødte har ret til hvile og for at få <strong>de</strong>res perio<strong>de</strong>r<br />

med bå<strong>de</strong> overfladisk og dyb søvn respekteret, og <strong>de</strong>tte betragtes som<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


afgøren<strong>de</strong> for <strong>de</strong>res psykiske udvikling og udvikling af biologiske<br />

regulering. At afbry<strong>de</strong> en præmature nyfødts søvn på en uvilkårlig<br />

og uansvarlig må<strong>de</strong>, u<strong>de</strong>n berettiget grund, er tegn på mishandling.<br />

Artikel VIII<br />

Alle præmature nyfødte har <strong>de</strong>n umistelige ret til stilhed for at<br />

føle sig så tæt som muligt på dte intra-uterine sun<strong>de</strong> miljø, så<br />

man respekterer <strong>de</strong>res tærskler og sensibilitet. Enhver, som ikke<br />

respekterer <strong>de</strong>nne ret skal betragtes som kriminel, ond og frastø<strong>de</strong>n<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Artikel IX<br />

Ingen præmature nyfødte må un<strong>de</strong>r nogen berettigelse, forelægges for<br />

stressen<strong>de</strong> procedure som anven<strong>de</strong>s på en skø<strong>de</strong>sløs og uberettiget må<strong>de</strong>, ellers<br />

vil behandlere og plejere anses for uagtsomme, umenneskelige og uansvarlige.<br />

Artikel X<br />

Alle præmature nyfødte har ret til at bemærke vekslen mellem lys<br />

og mørke, som for <strong>de</strong>m, skal stå for nat og dag. Ingen intense lys<br />

skal være tændt hele ti<strong>de</strong>n, heller ikke noget mørke blive forhindret<br />

grun<strong>de</strong>t løben<strong>de</strong> overvågning, ellers skal <strong>de</strong> ansvarlige for disse<br />

handlinger anses for at være skø<strong>de</strong>sløse, aggressive og vildle<strong>de</strong>n<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Artikel XI<br />

Alle præmature nyfødte har ret til, når <strong>de</strong> har opnået <strong>de</strong> grundlæggen<strong>de</strong><br />

egenskaber af balance og vitalitet, <strong>de</strong>res mødres kærlighed, <strong>de</strong>res mødres<br />

varme og <strong>de</strong>res mødres mælk, som skal tilby<strong>de</strong>s til <strong>de</strong>m via Kangaroo-Mothermeto<strong>de</strong>n.<br />

Det skal være op til behandlere og plejere at y<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> minimale<br />

strukturelle betingelser, <strong>de</strong>r er nødvendige for <strong>de</strong>nne afgøren<strong>de</strong> og tidlige<br />

atmosfære til at skabe bånd mellem mor og barn. Intet fagligt personale har<br />

beføjelse til at forebygge eller nægte mulighe<strong>de</strong>n af skabelsen af <strong>de</strong>tte bånd.<br />

Artikel XII<br />

Alle præmature nyfødte har ret til at blive ma<strong>de</strong>t med <strong>de</strong>res egne mødres mælk,<br />

eller, hvis hun ikke er til ste<strong>de</strong>, med mælk fra en an<strong>de</strong>n kvin<strong>de</strong>, så snart <strong>de</strong>res<br />

kliniske situation tilla<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong>t. De bør have <strong>de</strong>res sutte evne korrekt udviklet<br />

fra begyn<strong>de</strong>lsen af <strong>de</strong>res liv, og <strong>de</strong>t er op til behandlere og plejere at garantere<br />

<strong>de</strong>nne ret, ved at fjerne narre sutter, gummi nipler eller enhver an<strong>de</strong>n genstand,<br />

<strong>de</strong>r kan blan<strong>de</strong> sig negativt i udviklingen af en sund sutte evne, såvel som<br />

at sikre, at kvalificere<strong>de</strong> fagfolk kan lette og afhjælpe <strong>de</strong>nne proces. Ingen<br />

finansielle omkostninger anses for høje, når <strong>de</strong> anven<strong>de</strong>s til <strong>de</strong>tte formål.<br />

Ingen mo<strong>de</strong>rsmælks erstatning skal ordineres skø<strong>de</strong>sløst. Skø<strong>de</strong>sløshed anses<br />

for manglen<strong>de</strong> opmærksomhed og kapitulation. Mo<strong>de</strong>rsmælk, skal fra nu af<br />

betragtes og behandles som en grundlæggen<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>l af børnenes liv.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

2


24<br />

Kimbangi kia Nza miansua wa muana Nsulu<br />

Nsiku I<br />

Konso kua muana wa Nsulu ngon<strong>de</strong> nsambuadi uwutukanga mpila mosi ye<br />

nsua kumosi bonso muana wonso. Bakalanga ye nkailu wa ndungidi ye nzayi,<br />

Bena ye zingu mu ngutukilu, ye nzayi wa lulongoko ye unkabu wa mvutu mu<br />

bundana ye nza.<br />

Nsiku II<br />

Konso muana nsulu una ye nsua wa kala va konso fulu, wazayakana vo muntu<br />

muna nsiku.<br />

Nsiku III<br />

Ke vena nsulu ko lenda vawulua va kati kua dikanda diandi, muna mpila ya<br />

kingolo ovo muntangu yanda, enduaminu wa nsiku mu kinsueki, indambu ya<br />

mfumu ya zingu kiandi.<br />

Nsiku IV<br />

Konso kua muana Nsulu una ye nsua wa luwuku, kondua kua nsuasuani ya<br />

konso lekua yovo ntona, ntuko ya kimbuka, kimvuama, luwuntuku ye vo<br />

konso diambu. Oze ye vo konso muana wa nsulu una ye nsua watoma talua<br />

kua kimvuka kia luzitu ye kia toma longua muna toma kumbakisa, bundana ye<br />

yandi muna nzengelo za mambu muna mpila ya mbote mudiambu dia nsendo<br />

andi ye um ntombolelo andi.<br />

Nsiku V<br />

Konso kua muana nsulu una ye nsua ye kimpuanza kia vana konso ngindu ye<br />

kia mvovelo , idiawo kafuete kala ye nsilsu kani teza bundana yovo luvawuko<br />

lua toma zayakana, bazayakana, bakala ye unkabu ye zitisua kua kinvuka kia<br />

atati. Kuvena fukilendi tonduako vo kia ngindu za muana wa nsulu.<br />

Nsiku VI<br />

Kevena muana wa Nsulu ko lenda siwa muna Mpasi, yovo luwuku lua mpasi,<br />

kondua kua kimuntu.Mpasi zandi zifueti zayakana, kudikenda ye gukua muna<br />

mambu wavauka okua ngangu. Kevena mfu kiampasi kilenda giantukua vo<br />

emuana wa kete kena katoma kudikubamenako. Kondua kua wau nsua nkanu<br />

wa Mpasi muna zingu kia muntu.<br />

Nsiku VII<br />

Konso muana Nsulu una ye nsua wa nvundu, idiawu ofueti zitisua entangu andi ya<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


mvimba yovo ya kilu mudiambu dia nkolelo za ngindu zandi ye nitu. Nzengolo ya<br />

kilu kia muana Nsulu kondua kua konso diambu ilendakala sinsu kia muasa mpasi.<br />

Nsiku VIII<br />

Konso muana Nsulu una ye nsua wa vilakana muna luvuvamu ye kudimona<br />

lukufi ye ndinga ya vumu kia ngudi, muna luzitu ye mbakisilu.<br />

Nsiku IX<br />

Kevena muana nsulu ko olenda songa vo kalenda siwa mumambu ma nganzi<br />

yovo ma umembodi ye makanda nsasa kua kimvuka kia mawuku, ye siwa<br />

muna mpasi za konda kua zola kua kimuntu ye konda kua mkabu.<br />

Nsiku X<br />

Konso kua muana Nsulu una ye nsua wa bakisa e ntemo ye tombe, igiantika<br />

kuntuatisa empinpa ye kia kuakuma. Kevena ntemo ulenda sikalalako wakuama<br />

ntangu yanda ye mpekevena tombeko kilenda siwa vo kakilenda kalako kondua<br />

kua singikua muna luzolo lua lumbu ka lumbu kondua kua antuadisi ayoyo fu,<br />

bafueti giambula ewumbebodi wa wa vangu mambi.<br />

Nsiku XI<br />

Konso kua muana Nsulu una ye nsua , vo muntangu babakidi envuilu za nete<br />

muna luvuvamu lua zingu, muna nzola ya ngudi, muna kinfuta kia Ngudi ye<br />

muna kimvumina kia ngudi imuna bekailuanga mumpila ya ngudi wa bulu<br />

kibokeleluanga Canguru. Mbebe ya kimvuka kia mawuku mutala envuilu<br />

ye bakanesa mambu manfunu ma muana wa Nsulu, kevena nkuangangu ko<br />

wangolo fueti balula enza yevo kalayo nsua wa menga vukanesa edimbu kia<br />

vukisa elulongoko.<br />

Nsiku XII<br />

Konso kua muana Nsilu una ye nsua wa dikua muna kimvumina kia Ngudi<br />

andi, yevo kondua kua Ngudi , kua Nketo wankaka ndiona una ye mavimpi<br />

mafuana. Ka fueti kala ye ngiemeno ya tomasingikua tuka muna lumbu<br />

kiantete kia luzingu ye mbebe ya kimvuka kia mawuku kunwana e vo nsua,<br />

vawula mayeno yovo konso kima kiankaka kilenda kuiza muna kimbebesi wa<br />

ngiemeno ya mbote ye ya mavimpi, ye mpe toma kuntata kua wantu alongoka<br />

muna sasula esalu kiokio.<br />

Kevena ntalu ko ilenda siwa vo yaingi musadila esalukiokio. Ke vena mpila ko<br />

ya kimvumina ulenda sonekenua muntu konda kua kudikenga , ye kondua kua<br />

songa vo bembolua, Ekimvumina tuka munawau kifuene keba kima kimosi<br />

kianfunu muna luzingu luandi.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

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2<br />

EGY ÁLTALÁNOS NYILATKOZAT A KORASZULOTTSÉGROL<br />

SZÓLÓ JOGOKRÓL<br />

1. Bekezdés<br />

Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulott méltóságban es jogokkal, szabadnak és egyenlonek szuletik.<br />

Okkal és tudatossággal ren<strong>de</strong>lkezok. A szuletés idopontjához képest korai<br />

életet birtokolnak, mint a memória, tanulás, érzelem, a válaszoló képesség és a<br />

kolcsonhatás a kulvilággal.<br />

2. Bekezdés<br />

Min<strong>de</strong>n koszaszulottnek megvan a létezéshez valo joga. Min<strong>de</strong>n helyen a torvény<br />

által elismert személy.<br />

. Bekezdés<br />

Egyik koraszulottet sem lehetséges onhatalmúan rovid vagy hosszabb idore<br />

kitagadni, kiszakítani a csaladi korébol. A még csen<strong>de</strong>s és diszkrét kotelék óvása<br />

alapja a koraszulott életének.<br />

4. Bekezdés<br />

Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek joga van a tudomány által megalapozott kezeléshez, bármely<br />

megkulonboztetés nélkul. Mint, faji, színbeli, nemi vagy egyéb tulajdonságbeli;<br />

nemzetiségi, pénzugyi, szuletési vagy bármely más helyzeti kulonbség.<br />

Ùgy értelmezett, hogy min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek joga van arra, hogy megfigyelo csapat<br />

óvja, ezen csoport a csecsemo megértésére specializálódott.<br />

Kolcsonhatásba lépés a koraszulottel a dontéshozások kiegyensúlyozottságának -a<br />

saját javára- és fejlodésének bovelkedésének ér<strong>de</strong>kében.<br />

. Bekezdés<br />

Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek joga van a vélemény és a kijelentés szabadságához. Tehát,<br />

megkell, hogy legyen az óvó csoport irányába az ismert, értett, értékelt és tisztelt<br />

kozeledés é távolodás (létfenntartás) jelei.<br />

Egyetlen egy eljárás sem lehet erkolcsileg elismert, amely lényegtelen a koraszulott<br />

cseleke<strong>de</strong>teihez, mint a kapcsolat személyes szukségletei vagy a saját teljessége.<br />

. Bekezdés<br />

Egyetlen egy koraszulott sem lehetne kitett kínzásnak, erkolcstelen vagy embertelen<br />

bánásmódnak.<br />

A csecsemo fájdalma mindig elfogadott, megelozott és kezelt kellene, hogy legyen a<br />

jelen tudomány által elismert kezelések alapján.<br />

Nem lehetséges elkez<strong>de</strong>ni új, fájdalmas kezelési eljárást, míg a csecsemo fel nem épul,<br />

erosodik az elozo beavatkozásból. Ezen jog megtagadása bunnek számít az emberi élettel<br />

szemben.<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


. Bekezdés<br />

Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek joga van a pihenéshez, a felszínes és mély alvás idoszakai<br />

tiszteletben kell tartani, ezen idoszakok fontosnak ismertek el a csecsemo szellemi<br />

fejlodésére tekintve és biológiai szabályozása ér<strong>de</strong>kében.<br />

Módszertelenul, felelotlenul, indokolatlan módon a koraszulott pihenésének<br />

megszakítasa rossz bánásmódnak minosul.<br />

8. Bekezdés<br />

Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek eli<strong>de</strong>geníthetetlen joga van a csendhez, amely lehetové teszi,<br />

olyan kozelinek éreznie magát az anyai méh hangzatos kornyezetéhez, amennyire csak<br />

lehet, tiszteletben tartva kez<strong>de</strong>tlegességét és érzékenységét.<br />

Bármely hanghatás amely nem tiszteli ezen jogát bunnek, visszataszítónak minosul.<br />

9. Bekezdés<br />

Egyetlen koraszulott,- az indokolt eseteken kívul- sem lehet eloállított i<strong>de</strong>gesíto<br />

eljárásnak, ez kellemetlennek és indokolatlannak tekintett az Egészséugyi Csoport által.<br />

Annak esetében ha mégis megtorténik, embertelennek és felelotlennek számít.<br />

10. Bekezdés<br />

Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek joga van, hogy érzékelje a fényesség és a sotetség váltakozását,<br />

melyek a nappalt és az ejszakát jelzik számára.<br />

Egyetlen eros fényforrás sem megenge<strong>de</strong>tt az egész ido során, míg az árnyék nem lesz gátolt<br />

tényezo, az állítás szerint az ellenorzés folytatodik,anélkul, hogy a viselkedésért fefelosok<br />

engedjék, hogy kellemetlennek, agresszívnak vagy tiszteségtelennek legyen tekintve.<br />

11. Bekezdés<br />

Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek joga van, az egyensúly és az életero alapfeltételeihez, mint<br />

az anyai- szeretethez, meleghez, tejhez, melyeket az Anya Kenguru Idoszakban<br />

felajánlottak. Az Egészségugyi Csoport intézkedik a szukséges feltételekrol a kotelezo<br />

és kozvetíto koraszulotti kotelékhez.<br />

Egyetlen szakmai vagy bármely <strong>para</strong>ncs sem lehet, hogy megakadályozza vagy megtiltsa<br />

a kotelék lehetoségét, amely szimbolizálja a technokrata tudományt.<br />

12. Bekezdés<br />

Min<strong>de</strong>n koraszulottnek megvan a joga, hogy a saját anyja vagy ennek hiányában,<br />

egy másik no tejével legyen ellátva, olyan gyorsan, mint a csecsemo klinikai állapota<br />

engedi. A szoptatásnak hibátlanul, kidolgozottank kellene, hogy legyen a szuletéstol. Az<br />

egészségugyi csoport garantálja ezt a jogot.<br />

Eltávolítandó a cumi vagy bármely eszkoz, amely negatívan lép kozbe a csecsemo<br />

egészséges szoptatásába, mint, ahogy biztosított a szoptatás, mely engedélyezett<br />

szakértok által lebonyolítando.<br />

Semmilyen tejszármazékot felíró recept nem lehet kiállított figyelmetlenul es semmiféle<br />

adás nem elfogadott figyelem nélkul.<br />

Az anyatej a csecsemo életének alapelemének minosul.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

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28<br />

<strong>Universal</strong>a Deklaro <strong>de</strong> Rajtoj por Frunaskitaj Beboj<br />

Artikolo I<br />

Ĉiuj frunaskitoj naskiĝas liberaj kaj egalaj koncerne dignecon kaj rajtojn. Ili<br />

estas dotitaj je racio kaj konscio. Ili havas vivon antaŭnaskiĝan, same kiel<br />

memoron, lernadon, emocion kaj kapablon reagi al kaj interagi kun la ĉirkaŭa<br />

mondo.<br />

Artikolo II<br />

Ĉiu frunaskito havas rajton, en ĉiuj lokoj, esti leĝe agnoskata kiel persono.<br />

Artikolo III<br />

Neniu frunaskito estos arbitre forigita <strong>de</strong> sia familia medio abrupte aŭ<br />

longedaŭre. La tenado <strong>de</strong> ĉi tiu ligo, eĉ se silenta kaj diskreta, estas nepra parto<br />

<strong>de</strong> ĝia vivo.<br />

Artikolo IV<br />

Ĉiu frunaskito havas rajton je la traktado preskribita <strong>de</strong> la scienco, sen ajna<br />

distingo, ĉu rasa, ĉu kolora, ĉu seksa, ĉu alikaraktera, nacia aŭ soci-origina,<br />

riĉeca, naskiĝa, aŭ laŭ iu ajn alia kondiĉo. Konsekvence, ĉiu frunaskito rajtas<br />

esti prizorgata <strong>de</strong> multfaka skipo kapabligita kompreni ĝin, interagi kun ĝi kaj<br />

fari harmoniajn <strong>de</strong>cidojn favore al ĝi kaj ĝia disvolviĝo.<br />

Artikolo V<br />

Ĉiu frunaskito havas rajton je opini- kaj esprim-libereco, do la San-Skipo<br />

<strong>de</strong>vas distingi, kompreni, valorigi kaj respekti ĝiajn signojn pri alproksimigo<br />

kaj forigo. Neniu procedo estos konsi<strong>de</strong>rata etika, dum por ĝia aplikiĝo ne estos<br />

konsi<strong>de</strong>rataj la individuaj bezonoj <strong>de</strong> kontakto aŭ solrestado <strong>de</strong> la frunaskita<br />

bebo.<br />

Artikolo VI<br />

Neniu frunaskito estos submetita al torturo, al traktado aŭ puno kruela,<br />

malhomama aŭ malestima. Ĝia doloro <strong>de</strong>vos ĉiam esti konsi<strong>de</strong>rata,<br />

antaŭmalhelpata kaj traktata per la procedoj disponigitaj <strong>de</strong> la nuna scienco.<br />

Neniu nova doloriga procedo povos esti komencita ĝis la bebo revigliĝos kaj<br />

restabiliĝos el antaŭa procedo. Rifuzi tiun rajton al ĝi estas torturkrimo kontraŭ<br />

la homa vivo.<br />

Artikolo VII<br />

Ĉiu frunaskito havas rajton je ripozo, <strong>de</strong>vante do havi respektataj siajn profund-<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


kaj malprofund-dormajn periodojn, kiuj <strong>de</strong> nun estos konsi<strong>de</strong>rataj nepraj por<br />

ĝiaj a<strong>de</strong>kvataj psika disvolviĝo kaj organisma reguliĝo. Interrompi hazar<strong>de</strong> kaj<br />

malrespon<strong>de</strong>ce sen pravigebla motivo la dormon <strong>de</strong> frunaskito estas signo <strong>de</strong><br />

mistraktoj.<br />

Artikolo VIII<br />

Ĉiu frunaskito havas ne<strong>de</strong>preneblan rajton je silento ebliganta ĝin senti sin kiel<br />

eble plej proksima <strong>de</strong> la enutera sonmedio, respekte al ĝiaj komencolimoj kaj<br />

al ĝia sentokapablo. Iu ajn fonto <strong>de</strong> sono malrespektanta ĉi tiun rajton estos<br />

konsi<strong>de</strong>rata krima, malvirta kaj abomeninda.<br />

Artikolo IX<br />

Neniu frunaskito <strong>de</strong>vos, pro kiu ajn motivo, esti submetita al streĉiga procedo<br />

senzorge kaj nepravigeble aplikata <strong>de</strong> la San-Skipo, kiu alie povos esti<br />

konsi<strong>de</strong>rata neglekta, malhomama kaj malrespon<strong>de</strong>ca.<br />

Artikolo X<br />

Ĉiu frunaskito havas rajton percepti la ŝanĝiĝon inter heleco kaj malheleco,<br />

kiuj ekreprezentos al li tagon kaj nokton. Neniu intensa lumo restos ĉiam ĉe ĝi,<br />

kaj neniun ombron oni malpermesos kun la argumento daŭre observi la bebon<br />

sen tio, ke la respon<strong>de</strong>culoj pri tio estu konsi<strong>de</strong>rataj senzorgaj, agresantaj kaj<br />

konscie malbonagaj.<br />

Artikolo XI<br />

Ĉiu frunaskito, post atingo <strong>de</strong> bazaj kondiĉoj <strong>de</strong> ekvilibro kaj vivoviglo, havas<br />

rajton je patrina amo, patrina varmo kaj patrina lakto, kiuj estos oferataj al<br />

ĝi per la Metodo Kanguru-Patrino. Estos tasko <strong>de</strong> la San-Skipo provizi la<br />

minimumajn strukturajn kondiĉojn necesajn al tiu ligo nepra kaj ŝanĝanta la<br />

medion <strong>de</strong> la frunaskito. Neniu profesiulo aŭ administranto el ajna sfero havas<br />

ekskluzivan privilegion neebligi tiun ligon aŭ kontraŭstari la eblon <strong>de</strong> ĝi, kiu<br />

estas simbolo <strong>de</strong> pentŝanĝita teknokratia scienco.<br />

Artikolo XII<br />

Ĉiu frunaskito rajtas esti nutrata per lakto <strong>de</strong> sia propra patrino aŭ, okaze <strong>de</strong><br />

ŝia foresto, per lakto <strong>de</strong> iu alia ino, tuj kiam ĝia sankondiĉo permesos tion. Ĝia<br />

suĉado <strong>de</strong>vos esti korekte helpata ek<strong>de</strong> la komenco <strong>de</strong> la vivo, kaj estos tasko<br />

<strong>de</strong> la San-Skipo garantii la efektivigon <strong>de</strong> tiu rajto, forigante <strong>de</strong> ĝia medio<br />

suĉumojn, suĉbotelojn aŭ ion ajn alian, kio povus malhelpi sanecan suĉadon, kaj<br />

ankaŭ asekurante observadon <strong>de</strong> ĝi fare <strong>de</strong> profesiuloj kapabligitaj faciligi tiun<br />

procezon. Neniu financa kosto estos konsi<strong>de</strong>rata tro granda kiam ĝia aplikiĝo<br />

tion celos. Neniu lakta recepto estos senzorge preskribita kaj neniu zorgo estos<br />

senatente aplikita sen tio, ke tio estu konsi<strong>de</strong>rata neglekto kaj nehelpo. La<br />

patrina lakto, ek<strong>de</strong> nun, estos konsi<strong>de</strong>rata kaj traktata kiel fundamenta parto<br />

<strong>de</strong> la vivo <strong>de</strong> frunaskitoj.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

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Prematüre Bebek Haklarının Uluslararası Bildirisi<br />

1. Bütün prematüre bebekler özgür ve hak <strong>de</strong>erleri açısından eit doarlar. Onlara vicdan ve<br />

akıl bahedilmitir.<br />

2. Bütün prematüre bebekler kanun önün<strong>de</strong> insanlar gibi her yer<strong>de</strong> tanınma, kabul görme<br />

hakkına sahiptirler.<br />

3. Hiçbir prematüre bebek uzun bir süre ailesin<strong>de</strong>n keyfi olarak veya ansızın/bir<strong>de</strong>nbire<br />

yoksun bırakılmaz. Böyle bir korunma, telaffuz edilmese <strong>de</strong>, onların hayatlarının<br />

vazgeçilmez bir parçasıdır.<br />

4. Bütün prematüre bebekler hiçbir ayrım olmaksızın, ırk, renk, cinsiyet, milliyet veya sosyal<br />

orijin, zenginlik, doum veya dier statüler gibi bilimsel olarak tespit edilen tedavi<br />

haklarına sahiptirler. Dahası bütün prematüre bebeklerin onları anlayan, iletiim<br />

kurabilen, uyumlu kararlar alabilen, ve onların yararı ve gelimelerini amaç edinen çok<br />

yönlü disiplinli personel tarafından bakılmaya hakları vardır.<br />

5. Bütün prematüre bebekler ifa<strong>de</strong> ve görü özgürlüü haklarına sahiptirler. Bu ne<strong>de</strong>nle<br />

bakıcıların saygı duyduu, <strong>de</strong>er verdii, anladıı ve tanıdıı yakınlama ve uzaklama<br />

iaretleri olacaktır. Eer bebein temas ve geri çekilme gibi kiisel ihtiyaçları göz önün<strong>de</strong><br />

bulundurulmazsa hiçbir prosedür etik olarak <strong>de</strong>erlendirilmez.<br />

6. Hiçbir prematüre bebek ikenceye veya zalimce insanlık dıı veya aaılayıcı (onur kırıcı)<br />

tedavi veya cezalandırmaya maruz kalmayacaktır. Onların acıları her zaman dikkate<br />

alınacak, önüne geçilecek ve mo<strong>de</strong>rn bilimin saladıı mevcut metotlarla/yöntemlerle<br />

tedavi edilecektir. Hiçbir yeni acı veren yöntem bebek <strong>de</strong> ibirlii için<strong>de</strong> olmadan ve bir<br />

önceki müdahele<strong>de</strong>n iyileme<strong>de</strong>n balamayacaktır. Bu haktan yoksun bırakmak insan<br />

yaamına karı bir ikence suçudur.<br />

7. Bütün prematüre bebeklerin dinlenmeye hakları vardır ve ileri<strong>de</strong> onların ruhsal geliimleri<br />

için temel ve biyolojik düzenleri için uygun olarak adlandırılan <strong>de</strong>rin ve <strong>de</strong>rin olmayan<br />

uyku periyotlarına saygı duyulmalıdır. Bir bebein uykusunu rastgele ve sorumsuzca<br />

kesmek, hiçbir haklı mazerete dayanmaksızın kötü davranı göstergesidir.<br />

8. Bütün prematüre bebeklerin tıpkı anne rahmin<strong>de</strong>ki gibi olası sessiz ortamına yakın olmaları<br />

vazgeçilmez haklarıdır. Bu haklara saygı göstermeyen bütün sesler alçak ve irenç olarak<br />

dikkate alınacaktır.<br />

9. Hiçbir prematüre bebek, hiçbir haklı gerekçeyle umursamadan, insanlık dıı ve sorunsuz<br />

olduu düünülen salık elemanları tarafından dikkatsiz ve haksız bir ekil<strong>de</strong> uygulanan<br />

stres dolu prosedüre tabi tutulmayacaklardır.<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


10. Bütün prematüre bebekler aydınlık ve karanlık arasındaki <strong>de</strong>iimi fark etme hakkına<br />

sahiptirler ki bunlar onlar için gece ve gündüz anlamına gelecektir. Ne bütün gün id<strong>de</strong>tli<br />

ıık yakılmalı ne <strong>de</strong> karanlık olması engellenmeli, çünkü bu tür davranılardan sorumlu<br />

olan öz<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>vam e<strong>de</strong>n kontroller dikkatten yoksun, saldırgan ve hilekar olarak<br />

<strong>de</strong>erlendirilebilir.<br />

11. Tüm prematüre bebekler Kanguru-Anne metoduyla onlara sunulan <strong>de</strong>ngenin, yaama<br />

gücünün temel artlarına, anne sevgisine, anne sıcaklıına ve sütüne ulatıklarında hak<br />

sahibi olurlar. Bu gerekli ve baa dönüen prematüre atmosfer için gereken yapısal artları<br />

salamak, salık örgütüne kalmıtır. Hiçbir profesyonel ya da herhangi bir alanda kı<strong>de</strong>mli<br />

kimse böyle itfa edilmi teknocrat bilimin sembolü olan bir baı inkar etme olasılıına ya<br />

da önleme ayrıcalıına sahip <strong>de</strong>ildir.<br />

12. Bütün prematüre bebekler kendi annelerinin sütüyle veya anneleri yoksa klinik artların<br />

elverdiince baka bir kadının sütü ile beslenme hakkına sahiptirler. Onlar, yaamlarının<br />

balanıcı için emme yeteneklerini doru ekil<strong>de</strong> gelitirmeli ve bu hakkı, kauçuk<br />

emzikleri, lastik biberon balıklarını ve onların salıklı emmelerini olumsuzca<br />

etkileyebilecek herhangi bir objeyi uzaklatırmakla salık ekibi garanti e<strong>de</strong>r. Hiçbir<br />

<strong>para</strong>sal gi<strong>de</strong>r bu amaçla kullanıldıında çok yüksek olarak düünülmez. Hiçbir sütlü<br />

mama düüncesizce tavsiye edilmeyecektir. hmalkarlık, dikkatsizlik ve terk edilmilik<br />

olarak kabul edilecektir. Anne sütü, u andan itibaren, yaamlarının vazgeçilmez parçası<br />

olarak dikkate alınacaktır.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

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2<br />

Статья I<br />

Общая декларация прав детей, рождённых преждевременно<br />

Все недоношенные дети рождены свободными и с равными правами и<br />

достоинствами. Им даны разум и сознание. У них уже была жизнь до рождения, а<br />

также память, познания, эмоции и способность реагировать и взаимодействовать<br />

с окружающим миром.<br />

Статья II<br />

Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право на признаваться как личность<br />

перед законом в любом месте.<br />

Статья III<br />

Никакой недоношенный ребёнок не может быть самоуправно и грубо забран из<br />

семьи на длительный период времени. Сохранение семейных связей –<br />

фундаментальная часть жизни ребёнка.<br />

Статья IV<br />

Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право на медицинское лечение без<br />

расовой или половой дискриминации, национальных, социальных и других<br />

различий. Таким образом, любой ребёнок имеет право на уход профессионалов<br />

разных специальностей, способных понять его, взаимодействовать с ним и<br />

принимать гармоничные решения для его блага и лучшего развития.<br />

Статья V<br />

Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право на свободу мнения и выражения,<br />

поэтому он может иметь свои определённые сигналы для выражения принятия<br />

или непринятия чего-либо, сигналы, понятные и принятые с уважением людьми,<br />

ухаживающими за ним. Никакая процедура не будет считаться этичной, если она<br />

не принимает во внимание его индивидуальные потребности в общении или в<br />

уединении.<br />

Статья VI<br />

Никакой недоношенный ребёнок не может быть подвержен мучениям: ни в<br />

лечении, ни в жестоком, негуманном и унизительном наказании. Всегда нужно<br />

считаться с его болью и стараться исключить её, используя средства и процедуры,<br />

которые находятся в распоряжении современной науки. Каждая новая<br />

болезненная процедура может быть начата только после улучшения состояния<br />

ребёнка после последнего такого вмешательства. Отказывать ребёнку в этом<br />

праве является злодеянием (преступлением пытки) против человеческой жизни. 1<br />

Статья VII<br />

Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право на отдых, поэтому нужно считаться<br />

с его периодами поверхностного и глубокого сна, которые должны<br />

восприниматься как важное условие для адекватного психического развития<br />

ребёнка и его биологической регуляции. Безответственное вмешательство в его<br />

сон без уважительной причины считается плохим обращением.<br />

Статья VIII<br />

Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет неотъемлемое право на тишину, которая<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares<br />

позволяет ему чувствовать себя ближе к гармоничному внутриутробному


с его периодами поверхностного и глубокого сна, которые должны<br />

восприниматься как важное условие для адекватного психического развития<br />

ребёнка и его биологической регуляции. Безответственное вмешательство в его<br />

сон без уважительной причины считается плохим обращением.<br />

Статья VIII<br />

Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет неотъемлемое право на тишину, которая<br />

позволяет ему чувствовать себя ближе к гармоничному внутриутробному<br />

состоянию. Любой звуковой источник, который лишает его этого, будет считаться<br />

преступным, порочным и отвратительным.<br />

Статья IX<br />

Никакой недоношенный ребёнок, ни под каким предлогом, не может<br />

подвергаться стрессовому лечению или процедуре без уважительной на то<br />

причины. Если медперсонал проводит это лечение или процедуру небрежно, то<br />

такое лечение будет считаться безответственным, безалаберным и негуманным.<br />

Статья X<br />

Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право чувствовать смену света и<br />

полумрака, что для него представляет чередование ночи и дня. Никакой сильный<br />

свет не может гореть всё время. Невыполнение медперсоналом постоянного<br />

надлюдения за сменой света будет считаться небрежным, агрессивным,<br />

причиняющим боль, поведением.<br />

Статья XI<br />

Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право на такие фундаментальные вещи<br />

как: материнское тепло и материнское любовь, материнское молоко, которые<br />

ему предлагаются методом «Мама Кенгуру». Медперсонал должен обеспечить<br />

хотя бы минимальную инфраструктуру для поддержания этих связей.<br />

Профессионалы или руководители какой-либо сферы, лишающие или<br />

отказывающие ребёнку в этом, являются символом сухих и бездушных<br />

технократов.<br />

Статья XII<br />

Каждый недоношенный ребёнок имеет право получать молоко своей матери,<br />

если же у неё не хватает молока, то он имеет право получать молоко другой<br />

женщины, здоровье которой позволяет зто делать. Навык правильного сосания 2<br />

должен быть привит с первых дней жизни; компетентный медперсонал должен<br />

гарантировать ребёнку это право. Всё, что мешает выработке правильного<br />

навыка: пустышки, соски и другие предметы, которые действуют негативно на<br />

этот процесс, должны быть убраны и наблюдение компетентного медперсонала<br />

обеспечено. Для этой цели никакие финансовые расходы не могут считаться<br />

излишними. Выписанная небрежно формула молочной смеси или недостаточно<br />

заботливый уход за ребёнком означает невнимание и равнодушие со стороны<br />

медперсонала. Итак, в дальнейшем, материнское молоко должно считаться<br />

фундаментальной частью жизни ребёнка.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro


4<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro


世界早産児の権利宣言<br />

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Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro


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<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

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Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


41<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro


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Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares<br />

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4<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro


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Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

4


4<br />

Palavras finais<br />

A história dos direitos essenciais do recém-nascido pré-termo se confun<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>com</strong> a história do <strong>de</strong>srespeito <strong>com</strong> que a espécie humana trata seu semelhante.<br />

Des<strong>de</strong> o período mais longínquo do qual se tem notícia, e até muitas<br />

vezes na atualida<strong>de</strong>, o bebê pré-termo, por sua fragilida<strong>de</strong> e alta mortalida<strong>de</strong>,<br />

continuadamente recebeu da ciência oficial o mesmo <strong>de</strong>scaso que<br />

tradicionalmente sempre foi <strong>de</strong>stinado aos malformados e aos incuráveis.<br />

A falta <strong>de</strong> uma perspectiva <strong>de</strong> tratamento, somada à ausência <strong>de</strong> um<br />

ambiente a<strong>de</strong>quado <strong>para</strong> a recuperação <strong>de</strong>stes bebês, reduziu, na maior parte das<br />

vezes, as esperanças <strong>de</strong> sobrevivência aos cuidados maternos, aos quais eram<br />

transferidas as responsabilida<strong>de</strong>s das tentativas e dos manejos salvadores.<br />

Foram, portanto, o vínculo e a habilida<strong>de</strong> materna, natural e instintiva, as<br />

forças maiores que mantiveram a vida <strong>de</strong>sses pequenos bebês ao longo dos<br />

séculos.<br />

Não é in<strong>com</strong>um ouvirmos até hoje relatos acerca <strong>de</strong> pequenos bebês<br />

criados em caixas <strong>de</strong> sapatos envolvidos em algodão e alimentados por gotas<br />

maternais <strong>de</strong> sobrevivência.<br />

“Um bebê sozinho não existe. Existe um bebê e sua mãe”, já dizia<br />

Winnicott.<br />

Em finais do século XVIII, <strong>com</strong> a invenção dos primeiros protótipos das<br />

incubadoras, nasciam as luzes <strong>de</strong> um conhecimento que o século seguinte<br />

conheceria <strong>com</strong>o a neonatologia.<br />

A ciência, a partir daí vestida <strong>de</strong> tecnologia mecânica, passou a exercer<br />

papel essencial no tratamento dos aspectos ligados à prematurida<strong>de</strong>, bem <strong>com</strong>o<br />

na elevação do índice <strong>de</strong> sobrevivência <strong>de</strong>sses bebês.<br />

Assumiu a palavra final então, por mérito próprio, a ciência oficial.<br />

A mãe, milenar responsável pela preservação da vida do bebê pré-termo,<br />

foi radicalmente exilada <strong>de</strong> sua <strong>com</strong>panhia, e seu papel cuidador, <strong>de</strong>sprezado<br />

no processo <strong>de</strong> sua recuperação.<br />

O avanço da ciência possibilitou o conhecimento da fisiopatologia das<br />

principais ameaças que a condição prematura impunha à sobrevivência <strong>de</strong>sses<br />

bebês, transformando a incipiente ciência da neonatologia na forma única <strong>de</strong><br />

tratamento indiscutivelmente aceita.<br />

Em meados do século XX, <strong>com</strong> a <strong>de</strong>scoberta do surfactante, tornavam-se<br />

cada vez mais <strong>de</strong>svendados os segredos que permitiriam tratar <strong>com</strong> sucesso<br />

bebês <strong>com</strong> pesos cada vez menores e condições <strong>de</strong> saú<strong>de</strong> cada vez mais<br />

<strong>de</strong>sfavoráveis. A morte passou a poupá-los <strong>de</strong> forma cada vez mais frequente.<br />

Rapidamente foi-se per<strong>de</strong>ndo o parâmetro do que era incurável e do que era<br />

inviável. O céu, a essa altura, era o limite. Teve-se assim, por algum tempo,<br />

a impressão <strong>de</strong> que a ciência e o divino falavam o mesmo idioma. Não havia<br />

mistérios impossíveis <strong>de</strong> serem <strong>de</strong>svendados nem condições clínicas incapazes<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


<strong>de</strong> serem tratadas pela química, máquina, técnica e autoconfiança que iam se<br />

transformando em única evidência.<br />

A ciência mergulhava em gran<strong>de</strong> êxito e euforia quando percebeu a<br />

necessida<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> refazer o caminho perdido atalhos atrás.<br />

Se por um lado os mistérios da sobrevivência já não eram mais um problema<br />

por tanto conhecimento acumulado, por outro a avaliação da qualida<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> vida<br />

que essa cura alcançada imprimia a esses sobreviventes <strong>de</strong>ixava transparecer<br />

sinais preocupantes.<br />

O afastamento materno, trocado por hiperexposição a ambientes cada vez<br />

mais hostis e sem afeto, carregados <strong>de</strong> índices antifisiológicos <strong>de</strong> ruído, luz,<br />

dor, manipulação e <strong>de</strong>srespeito aos <strong>de</strong>sejos <strong>de</strong> <strong>com</strong>unicação e afastamento<br />

do pré-termo, fez surgir um novo padrão <strong>de</strong> seres vivos, vítimas do cuidado<br />

<strong>de</strong>satento às suas necessida<strong>de</strong>s, vítimas do tratamento <strong>de</strong>srespeitador <strong>de</strong> suas<br />

habilida<strong>de</strong>s e vítimas da atenção à saú<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sprezadora <strong>de</strong> suas capacida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong><br />

interação <strong>com</strong> o meio: nascia a síndrome do bebê <strong>de</strong> UTI, salvo da morte e<br />

esquecido em sua integrida<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Esses bebês cresceram e, vítimas do <strong>de</strong>scaso e da parcialida<strong>de</strong> da ótica<br />

terapêutica, perpetuaram suas necessida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> cuidados.<br />

Era preciso, então, percebeu a ciência ao <strong>de</strong>sconsi<strong>de</strong>rar Deus, atingir um<br />

padrão <strong>de</strong> cura que permitisse chegar muito além da terapia clínica calcada em<br />

índices físicos e laboratoriais.<br />

Era preciso cuidar da emoção e da <strong>com</strong>plexida<strong>de</strong> da vida inteira <strong>de</strong> nossos<br />

pequenos semelhantes.<br />

Aqui e ali passaram a surgir pensamentos, práticas e ajustes isolados na<br />

tentativa <strong>de</strong> recuperar o tempo perdido.<br />

Foi na Colômbia, entretanto, em 19 9, que os médicos Edgar Rey e Hector<br />

Martínez fizeram chegar à luz do mundo o Método Mãe-Canguru (MMC),<br />

todo feito <strong>de</strong> tecnologia humana, imprescindível e insuperável.<br />

Nascida <strong>de</strong> condições precárias <strong>de</strong> estrutura <strong>de</strong> atendimento, a grandiosida<strong>de</strong><br />

do MMC em pouco tempo expandiu seus limites sul-americanos, alcançando<br />

rapidamente o mundo inteiro <strong>com</strong>o uma nuvem <strong>de</strong> frescor contra o cansaço<br />

do insuperável e as <strong>de</strong>ficiências do in<strong>de</strong>strutível. Recebeu versões em cada<br />

país on<strong>de</strong> foi adotado, e, por ter sido adotado em todo o planeta, marcou o<br />

nascimento <strong>de</strong> um novo <strong>para</strong>digma <strong>de</strong> atenção ao recém-nascido pré-termo.<br />

A mãe é trazida <strong>de</strong> volta ao convívio <strong>com</strong> seu filho, reabilitando seu papel<br />

histórico <strong>de</strong> principal cuidadora e <strong>de</strong> insubstituível valor. A ciência abre mão<br />

<strong>de</strong> impor sua <strong>para</strong>fernália <strong>com</strong>o última palavra e transfere ao amor, ao calor e<br />

ao leite materno os papéis <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>staque no processo <strong>de</strong> cura. A espécie humana<br />

<strong>de</strong>scobre na tecnologia humana o valor da preservação da vida que tentou<br />

encontrar por mais <strong>de</strong> dois séculos sob o jugo da tecnologia mecânica.<br />

O bebê <strong>de</strong> UTI recebe a chance <strong>de</strong> ser substituído pelo bebê canguru.<br />

Definitivamente um novo tempo <strong>para</strong> a humanida<strong>de</strong> inteira.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

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48<br />

Em <strong>de</strong>zembro <strong>de</strong> 1948, nascida da dor e da <strong>de</strong>vastação da II Gran<strong>de</strong> Guerra, a<br />

<strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> dos <strong>Direitos</strong> do Homem, proclamada pela Organização das<br />

Nações Unidas (ONU), acabou se tornando um dos mais importantes tradutores<br />

dos anseios <strong>de</strong> toda a humanida<strong>de</strong> por um caminho <strong>de</strong> respeito e harmonia entre<br />

os homens. Longe ainda <strong>de</strong> ser vivenciado em sua plenitu<strong>de</strong>, aquele documento<br />

representa <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> ali um i<strong>de</strong>al a ser alcançado, uma meta <strong>para</strong> a vida, um legado<br />

<strong>para</strong> a posterida<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Ao traduzir a <strong>de</strong>claração universal <strong>de</strong> 1948 <strong>para</strong> o ambiente pré-termo, longe<br />

<strong>de</strong> tentar poesia ou filosofia abstrata, o olhar da palavra buscou perceber o bebê<br />

pré-termo em sua integrida<strong>de</strong> biológica, psíquica e social, <strong>de</strong>spren<strong>de</strong>ndo-se dos<br />

limites clínicos que caracterizam sua história perinatal e esten<strong>de</strong>ndo sobre ele um<br />

olhar irrestrito.<br />

Nós, profissionais da saú<strong>de</strong>, habituamo-nos, <strong>com</strong> o passar do tempo, a maltratar<br />

carinhosamente nossos pré-termos, sonegando-lhes <strong>com</strong> <strong>de</strong>lica<strong>de</strong>za o seu direito ao<br />

contato materno, menosprezando gentilmente suas manifestações <strong>de</strong> aproximação<br />

e afastamento, ignorando, sem perceber que o fazíamos, suas manifestações <strong>de</strong><br />

estresse e dor, atrapalhando <strong>com</strong> ternura e afeto, mas sempre <strong>de</strong> modo abusivo,<br />

suas possibilida<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> alimentação ao seio, oferecendo-lhes <strong>com</strong>pulsivamente<br />

bicos e fórmulas castigadoras da sua saú<strong>de</strong> oral.<br />

Nossa forma <strong>de</strong>scuidada <strong>de</strong> cuidar acabou por nos transformar em<br />

inescrupulosos torturadores e algozes culposos <strong>de</strong> nossos bebês pré-termos, porque<br />

nos conformamos em oferecer-lhes um tratamento quase inteiramente voltado <strong>para</strong><br />

nós, nossos registros e nossas estatísticas, e quase nunca <strong>para</strong> eles próprios, suas<br />

vidas, ou <strong>de</strong> suas famílias...<br />

Habituamo-nos <strong>com</strong> essa prática hostil num mundo on<strong>de</strong> a ciência, sua gran<strong>de</strong><br />

propagadora, já se redimiu das coisas que nos mostrou um dia <strong>com</strong>o caminhos<br />

únicos.<br />

Fazemos isso quando já temos a escolha <strong>de</strong> fazer diferente e bem melhor.<br />

Então, <strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro é um<br />

documento <strong>de</strong> alerta a todos aqueles que cuidam <strong>de</strong>sses pequeninos tão capazes e<br />

tão inteiros quanto nós, seus cuidadores, <strong>para</strong> que esse alerta se torne, ao lado <strong>de</strong><br />

tantas palavras já escritas e baseadas em evidências aceitáveis, um estímulo <strong>para</strong><br />

que adotemos a preservação integral da vida <strong>com</strong>o missão maior.<br />

Cada um dos 12 direitos essenciais aqui <strong>de</strong>talhados representa um caminho<br />

a seguir em direção ao respeito humano. A luta diária por sua aplicação passa a<br />

ser, doravante, um <strong>com</strong>promisso nosso contra a improprieda<strong>de</strong> da falta <strong>de</strong> zelo e a<br />

imoralida<strong>de</strong> do <strong>de</strong>scaso.<br />

O envolvimento <strong>de</strong> amigos cativados durante a concepção <strong>de</strong>sse documento<br />

permitiu que ele fosse traduzido <strong>para</strong> vários idiomas, viabilizando o caráter<br />

universal do texto. Esse espírito colaborativo que o caracterizou <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> o início<br />

permitiu que ele se tornasse um documento livre, todo escrito <strong>com</strong> muito carinho<br />

e colaboração. Livre, porque nenhum saber é privado. <strong>Universal</strong>, porque todo<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


conhecimento é cumulativo. Irrestrito, porque nenhuma proprieda<strong>de</strong> é justa.<br />

O texto <strong>de</strong>ssa <strong>de</strong>claração e as i<strong>de</strong>ias que ele prega foram registradas na Creative<br />

Commons <strong>com</strong>o obra <strong>de</strong> domínio público. Po<strong>de</strong>, por conta disso, ser livremente<br />

reproduzido, distribuído, transmitido, utilizado, modificado, utilizado <strong>para</strong> criação<br />

<strong>de</strong> outras obras, ou <strong>de</strong> qualquer forma explorado por qualquer pessoa <strong>para</strong> qualquer<br />

finalida<strong>de</strong>, <strong>com</strong>ercial ou não, e <strong>de</strong> qualquer maneira, incluindo métodos que ainda<br />

não tenham sido inventados ou concebidos.<br />

Esperamos <strong>com</strong> isso que suas diretrizes sejam amplamente aplicadas em<br />

todas as partes da nossa mãe Terra, que os governos <strong>com</strong>preendam que a vida é<br />

a priorida<strong>de</strong> número um, <strong>com</strong> qualida<strong>de</strong>, elegância e significado amplo, e que os<br />

profissionais da saú<strong>de</strong> do mundo inteiro o adotem.<br />

Esperamos que suas diretrizes possam ajudar cuidadores a perceber a<br />

essencialida<strong>de</strong> do papel da mãe e da família na recuperação do bebê, a <strong>com</strong>preen<strong>de</strong>r<br />

a importância do aleitamento materno <strong>para</strong> a gran<strong>de</strong>za do processo da vida e a<br />

aceitar que nós, profissionais da saú<strong>de</strong>, não possuímos a prerrogativa <strong>de</strong> se<strong>para</strong>r<br />

mãe e filho e tampouco cumprimos <strong>de</strong>centemente o papel <strong>para</strong> o qual nos<br />

pre<strong>para</strong>mos quando não percebemos o bebê pré-termo <strong>com</strong>o um ser humano livre<br />

em dignida<strong>de</strong> e direitos e não o reconhecemos <strong>com</strong>o pessoa perante a lei.<br />

Que Deus esteja conosco.<br />

Luis Alberto Mussa Tavares.<br />

Campos dos Goytacazes, <strong>de</strong>zembro <strong>de</strong> 2008/janeiro <strong>de</strong> 2009<br />

0 o Aniversário da <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> dos <strong>Direitos</strong> do Homem (1948-2008)<br />

0 o Aniversario da criação do Método Mãe-Canguru na Colômbia (19 9-2009)<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

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0<br />

Final Words<br />

The history of the essential rights of the preterm new born infant mingles<br />

with the history of the disrespect in which the human species treats its equal.<br />

Since the earliest period we have notice up to several times at the present<br />

time, the preterm infant, because of its fragility and high mortality rate, has<br />

continuously received from the official science the same disregard which has<br />

been traditionally aimed to the malformed and incurable.<br />

The lack of a treatment expectancy ad<strong>de</strong>d to the absence of an a<strong>de</strong>quate<br />

environment for the recovery of those babies have most of the times diminished<br />

the hopes for survival from mother’s care. The effort responsibilities and savior<br />

handling were transferred to mother’s care.<br />

It was therefore the bond and the mother ability, natural and instinctive,<br />

the greatest strength which kept the life of these tiny babies throughout the<br />

centuries.<br />

It is not un<strong>com</strong>mon to hear up to the present time stories of babies raised in<br />

shoe boxes rapped in cotton and fed with motherly drops of survival.<br />

A baby alone doesn’t exist. What exists is a baby and its mother. Winnicott<br />

used to say.<br />

By the end of the XVIII century, with the invention of the first incubator<br />

prototypes, lights of new knowledge were turned on. This new knowledge<br />

would be known as neonatology in the following century.<br />

Science, embellished with mechanic technology, would have an essential<br />

role in the treatment of aspects linked to prematurity, as well as the rise in the<br />

rate of these babies’ survival.<br />

The final word was given by the official science, by its own merit.<br />

The mother, responsible for the preservation of the preterm infant for<br />

thousand years was radically exiled from its <strong>com</strong>pany and its role as a keeper<br />

ignored in the process of its recovery.<br />

The advance of science ma<strong>de</strong> the knowledge of the physiopathology of<br />

the main threats in which the premature condition would <strong>de</strong>mand from these<br />

babies, survival feasible transforming the incipient neonatology science in the<br />

unique method of treatment unquestionably accepted.<br />

By mid XX th Century, with the surfactant discovery, the secrets that<br />

would allow to treat infants with success became more and more unveiled.<br />

These babies were each time smaller and each time with more adverse health<br />

conditions. Death started to spare them more frequently. Very quickly the<br />

<strong>para</strong>meter of what was irremediable and enviable was being lost. At this point<br />

sky was the limit.<br />

Therefore for a while we had the impression that science and divine were<br />

talking the same language. There were neither unthinkable misteries to be<br />

unveiled nor clinical conditions unable to be treated by chemistry, by machine,<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


y techniques and by self confi<strong>de</strong>nce which were taking form as the unique<br />

evi<strong>de</strong>nce.<br />

Science was plunging in great success and euphoria when it noticed the<br />

need to remake the path lost in shortcuts, way behind.<br />

If on one hand the survival misteries were not a problem anymore because<br />

of the accumulated knowledge, on the other hand the evaluation of quality<br />

that this reached cure imparted life to these survivors permitted to foresee<br />

troublesome signs.<br />

The mother’s se<strong>para</strong>tion, exchanged by a hyper exposition of these infants<br />

to even more hostile and unfriendly environment loa<strong>de</strong>d with antiphysiological<br />

rates of noise, light, pain, manipulation and disrespect to the preterm infants’<br />

wishes of <strong>com</strong>munications and being, victims of the thoughtless care to their<br />

needs, victims of the disrespectful treatment of their abilities and victims of the<br />

neglectful health care attention to the interation capacity to their environment:<br />

the ITU baby syndrome was born.<br />

Saved from <strong>de</strong>ath but forgotten of their integrity these infants grew, and<br />

because they were victims of carelessness and of optical therapeutical partiality,<br />

they have perpetuated their care needs.<br />

When science noticed it was ignoring God, it was felt that it was necessary<br />

to reach a cure pattern that would allow to go much beyond the clinical therapy<br />

based on physical and laboratorial rates.<br />

It was necessary to take care of our little kins’ emotions and life long<br />

<strong>com</strong>plexity.<br />

I<strong>de</strong>as started to show up, here and beyond, isolated <strong>com</strong>promises and<br />

practices in the attempt to recover the lost time.<br />

It was in Colombia, in 19 9 where Dr. Edgar Rey and Dr. Hector Martinez<br />

brought to light the Kangaroo Mother Care all ma<strong>de</strong> of indispensable,<br />

insurmountable human technology.<br />

Having its origin in precarious assistance structures, in a short time, the<br />

KMC expan<strong>de</strong>d its South American limits, rapidly spreading throughout the<br />

world as a refreshing cloud against the insuperable tiredness and the <strong>de</strong>ficiencies<br />

of the in<strong>de</strong>structible.<br />

It has received different versions in the countries where it has been adopted<br />

and because it has been adopted all over the planet it has been a benchmark for<br />

the birth of a new <strong>para</strong>digm of attention to the preterm new born infant.<br />

The mother is brought back to her child surroundings rehabilitating her<br />

historical role of main provi<strong>de</strong>r and of value that can not be substituted.<br />

Science gives in and does not impose its <strong>para</strong>phernalia as the ultimate word<br />

and transfers to love, warmth and human milk the main roles in this cure process.<br />

The human species discovers in human technology the value of life<br />

preservation which it had tried to find more than two centuries un<strong>de</strong>r the<br />

servitu<strong>de</strong> of mechanic technology.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro<br />

1


2<br />

The ITU infant has the chance to be substituted by the Kangaroo baby.<br />

Definitely a new era for the whole humanity.<br />

In December 1948, having its origin in the II World War pain and<br />

<strong>de</strong>vastation the <strong>Universal</strong> Declaration of Human Rights proclaimed by UN<br />

end up as one of the most important representations of all mankind yearnings<br />

for a path of respect and harmony among men. Far from being experienced in<br />

its plenitu<strong>de</strong>, this document represents a purpose to be reached, an aim to life,<br />

a legacy for posteriority.<br />

While translating the <strong>Universal</strong> Declaration of 1948 to the preterm field,<br />

far from trying poetry or abstract philosophy, meaning of the word has tried<br />

to perceive the preterm newborn infant in its biological integrity releasing<br />

itself from the clinical limits which have characterized its perinatal story and<br />

stretching out upon it an unconditional look.<br />

We, health care workers, along the time, have got used to mistreat our<br />

preterm infants affectionately, suppressing with courtesy its right for mother<br />

contact, disregarding gently its proximity and se<strong>para</strong>tion manifestations,<br />

ignoring, without being aware of what we are doing, its manifestations of stress<br />

and pain, hin<strong>de</strong>ring with ten<strong>de</strong>rness and affection, but always in an abusive<br />

way its possibility of breast feeding nourishment offering it beak and formulas<br />

that are a punishment to its oral health.<br />

Our careless way of caring en<strong>de</strong>d up in transforming us in unscrupulous<br />

torturers and guilty executioners of our preterm newborn infant because we<br />

have adjusted in offering it a treatment almost entirely concerned to us and to<br />

our files and our statistics, and almost never for the baby itself or for its life or<br />

for its family’s life.<br />

We have got used to this hostile practice in a world where science, its great<br />

disseminator has already <strong>de</strong>emed itself of things it has showed us way back as<br />

unique paths.<br />

We do this when we have the choice to do differently and to do it much<br />

better.<br />

Therefore this <strong>Universal</strong> Declaration of Premature Babies Rights is a<br />

document of alert to all the people who take care of these little ones, so capable<br />

and so <strong>com</strong>plete as us, their caretakers, so that this alert be<strong>com</strong>es, besi<strong>de</strong>s so<br />

many written words and based in acceptable evi<strong>de</strong>nce, a stimulus for us to<br />

adopt the whole preservation of life with a greater mission.<br />

Each of the twelve essential rights discriminated here represent a way to<br />

follow in the direction of human respect. The daily fight for its applicabily may<br />

be from now on a <strong>com</strong>mitment of ours against the inappropriateness of lack of<br />

care and the carelessness immorality.<br />

The involvement of friends ma<strong>de</strong> during this document conception<br />

ma<strong>de</strong> it possible to translate it in several languages, which gave the text its<br />

universal characteristic. This collaborative spirit that was a part within itself<br />

Luís Alberto Mussa Tavares


since the beginning ma<strong>de</strong> it possible for this document to be<strong>com</strong>e free. It was<br />

all written with great care and cooperation. Free because no knowledge is<br />

private. <strong>Universal</strong> because all knowledge is cumulative. Unrestricted because<br />

no property is just.<br />

The text of this Declaration and the i<strong>de</strong>as that it proclaims were registered<br />

in the Creative Commons as a work of Public Domain. It may on account of<br />

that be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, utilized, modified, used in<br />

the creation of any other work or any explored form by anyone or for whatever<br />

aim, <strong>com</strong>mercial or non-<strong>com</strong>mercial and any other way including methods that<br />

have not been invented or conceived yet.<br />

We hope that with this our rights are largely employed everywhere on<br />

our Mother Earth, that the governments un<strong>de</strong>rstand that life is the number one<br />

priority and life with quality, elegance and broad meaning and that the health<br />

care workers of the whole world adopt it.<br />

We hope that its rights may help the caretakers to perceive the essentiality<br />

of the mother’s and the family’s role in the baby’s recovery, to un<strong>de</strong>rstand the<br />

importance of breast feeding for the greatness of the life process and to accept<br />

that we, health care workers, don’t have the prerogative to se<strong>para</strong>te mother<br />

from child and we don’t carry out <strong>de</strong>cently the role for which we have been<br />

prepared when we don’t accept the preterm newborn infant as a human being<br />

free in dignity and rights and we have not recognized it as a person before the<br />

law.<br />

God be with us.<br />

Luis Alberto Mussa Tavares<br />

Campos, December 2008<br />

Both anniversary of the <strong>Universal</strong> Declaration of Human Rights.<br />

<strong>Uma</strong> <strong>Declaração</strong> <strong>Universal</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Direitos</strong> <strong>para</strong> o Bebê Prematuro


Edição e produção<br />

DIA<br />

GRA<br />

PHIC<br />

®<br />

E D I T O R A<br />

Diretor: Newton Marins, Editor médico: Mário Aguiar, Gerente <strong>com</strong>ercial: Miguel Sala, Gerente editorial: Verônica Cobas,<br />

Coor<strong>de</strong>nadora editorial: Jane Castelo, Revisora-chefe: Claudia Gouvêa, Revisora: Danielle Ribeiro, ProGramadora visual: Katia<br />

Bonfadini. Toda correspondência <strong>de</strong>ve ser dirigida a: Av. Paulo <strong>de</strong> Frontin 0 , CEP 202 1-241 – Rio <strong>de</strong> Janeiro-RJ, telefax: (21)<br />

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