A{¾-1 jon UmómMr MmMUr `eñdr - Anand Nagri

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MmMUr
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g§n `eñdr H$aÊ`mgmR>r ghH$m`© Ho$bo. VgoM Ë`mV
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gmR>r hm à`ËZ Agë`mMo ì`mnmar g§KQ>ZoMo à\w$ëb
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\$m`Xm hmoÊ`mMr eŠ`Vm Zmhr , Ago _V ì`mnmar
à{V{ZYt Zr ì`º$ Ho$bo.
Xoe^amVr b ì`mnmar `m Am§XmobZmV gh^mJr Pmbo
Xoe^amV [ aQo>b goŠQ>a_Yr b
naXoer Jw§VdUwH$r Mm ì`mnmè`m§Zr
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hm {ZU©` _mJo KoUo H$R>r U Agë`mMo,
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KoÊ`mV Ambr hmoVr .
gbJ AmR >ì`m {Xderhr g§gXoMo H$m_H$mO VhHy$~
AmhoV, Agm Xmdm A{Ib ^maVr ` ì`mnmar _hmg§KmMo
ga{MQ>Ur g àdr U I§So >bdmb `m§Zr Ho$bm. VWm{n, {X„r ,
{~hma Am{U Amgm__YyZ Amboë`m d¥ÎmmZwgma Ë`m
amÁ`m§Vr b ì`mnmè`m§H$Sy>Z ~§XÀ`m AmdmhZmbm g§{_l
à{VgmX {Xbm. I§So>bdmb åhUmbo, H$r XoemVr b gw_mao
nmM H$moQ>r ì`mnmar ~§X_Ü`o
gh^mJr Pmbo hmoVo. Ë`m§Zr
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noR>m§_YyZ _moMm©hr H$mT>bm
Amho.
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~mOma, H$_bm ZJa,
Mmdar ~mOma, H$amob ~mJ,
H$m{í_ar JoQ>, {Q>iH$ ZJa, amohr Ur , H¥$îUm ZJa Aem
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_w§~B©gh amÁ`mV H$moRo>hr (nmZ 7 da)
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nadmZJr XoÊ`mÀ`m gaH$maÀ`m {ZU©`mdê$Z Jwédmar hr
g§gXoÀ`m XmoÝhr g^mJ¥hmV {damoYr njmÀ`m ImgXmam§Zr
Jm|Yi KmVbm. Ë`m_wio g§gXoMr XmoÝhr g^mJ¥ho
{Xdg^amgmR>r VhHy$~ H$aÊ`mV Ambr .
E\$S>rAm`Mm {ZU©` _mJo
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Amho. [ aQo>b goŠQ>a_Yr b naXoer
Jw §VdUwH$r bm `wnr EVr b H$mhr KQ>H$
njm§Mm {damoY Amho.
hm {damoY nmhyZ {_Ì njm§Mo _Z
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Amho, `m_wio AmVm AmnU _mJo
hQ>Uma Zgë`mMohr n§VàYmZm§Zr
ñnï> Ho$bo Amho.
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R>oHo$Xmam§Zr H$m_ ~§X Ho$bo Amho. Ë`m_wio
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R>oHo$Xma H$aV Agë`mMm gya {ZKV Agbm Var
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Q>mH$m hmo Ago nXm{YH$mè`m§Zm gm§JV AmhoV.
Ë`m_wio nXm{YH$mè`m§Mr H$m|S>r {Z_m©U H$aÊ`mMo
H$m_ A{YH$mar H$aV AmhoV.
Amo~rgr H$moQ>çmV _mJmgdJu`
_wñbr_m§Zm AmajU {_imdo - IweuX
Zdr {X„r (d¥Îmg§ñWm)- CÎma àXoemV {dYmZg^m
{ZdS>UwH$ {ZH$Q> nmhVm _w{ñb_ _VXmam§Zm AmH${f©V
H$aÊ`mMr H$dm`X gwê$ Pmbr Amho. H|$ÐmV H$m±J« og ZoV¥Ëd
Agboë`m gaH$maZo Zdr Z S>mdnoM MmbdwZ
_mJmgdJu ` _wñbr _m§Zm AmajU XoÊ`mMr ~m~ åhQ>br .
Ho$§Ðr ` H$m`Xo_§Ìr gb_mZ Iwer ©X `m§Zr AmO åhQ>bo
H$r , BVa _mJmgdJu ` AWm©V Amo~r gr bm {_iV
Agboë`m AmajUmV _wñbr _m§gmR>r ñdV§Ì EH$ {Z{üV
H$moQ>m {Z{üV H$aÊ`mda gaH$ma J§^r aVoZo {dMma H$aV
Amho.
"Amo~r gr bm {_iV Agbobo 27 Q>¸$o AmajUmV
_mJmgdJu ` _wñbr _m§Zm ZmoH$ar d {ejUmV AmajU
{Xbo OmB©b.'
Iwer ©X `m§Mo _V hmoVo H$r , Amo~r gr AmajUmV
{H$Vr Q>¸$o ^mJ _mJmgdJu ` _wñbr _m§gmR>r {Z{üV Ho$bo
OmB©b `mda {ZU©` Z§Va KoVbm OmB©b.
Amo~r gr H$moQ>çmV _mJmgdJu ` dJm©Vr b _wñbr _m§Mm
g_mdoe Amho. gaH$maÀ`m `m {ZU©`mZo \$º$ hm \$aH$
nSo>b H$r , `m 27 Q>¸$oV _mJmgdJu ` _wñbr _m§Mm H$moQ>m
ñdV§ÌnUo {Z{üV Ho$bo OmB©b.
{damoY
S>mdo AmKmS>r d g_mOdmXr njmZo gaH$maÀ`m `m
KmofUoMr {Z§Xm Ho$br . gnm ZoVo AmP_ ImZ `m§Zr åhQ>bo
H$r , H$m±J«ogMm hm {ZdS>UwH$ hVH§$S>m Amho Am{U
_wñbr _m§Zm Ë`m§Mo nyU© h¸$ {_im`bo nm{hOo OoìhmH$r ,
S>mdo AmKmS>r njmMo åhUUo Amho H$r , gaH$maZo KmB©V
H$moUVmhr {ZU©` KoD$ Z`o. `mnydu _§Jidmar CÎma
àXoemÀ`m _w»`_§Ìr _m`mdVr `m§Zr n§VàYmZm§Zm nÌ
{bhyZ bmoH$g§»`oÀ`m AmYmamda _w{ñb_ AmajUmMr
_mJUr Ho$br hmoVr .
Am¡a§Jm~mX (à{V{ZYr )-_hmnm{bHo$Vr b R>oHo$Xmam§À`m H$m_mMo
~r b WH$ë`mZo `m R>oHo$Xmam§Zr H$m_ ~§X Ho$bo Amho. Ë`m_wio
_hmnm{bH$m àemgZmgh nXm{YH$mar IS>~Sy>Z OmJo Pmbo AgyZ
`m~m~V {ZU©` KoÊ`mgmR>r CÚm ({X.2) amoOr _hmnm¡am§À`m
AÜ`jVoImbr ~¡R>H$ Am`mo[ OV
H$aÊ`mV Ambr Amho. `m ~¡R>H$sV
nmUr , S´>oZoO, {dÚwV d Eb~r Q>r ~m~V
MMm© H$aÊ`mV `oUma Amho.
_hmnm{bHo$Vr b R>oHo$Xmam§Mo ~r b
WH$ë`mZo `m R>oHo$Xmam§Zr H$m_ ~§X
hË`ma Cngbo Amho. R>oHo$Xmam§À`m `m
Am§XmobZmMm _ZnmZo _moR>m YgH$m KoVbm Amho. Ë`m_wio `m~m~V
VmoS>Jm H$mT>Ê`mgmR>r _hmnm¡a A{ZVm KmoS>obo `m§Zr A{YH$mè`m§Mr
~¡R>H$ KoÊ`mMm {ZU©` KoVbm Amho. `m ~¡R>H$sbm _ZnmVr b gd©
{d^mJ à_wIm§Zm hOa amhÊ`mMo AmXoe {Xbo AmhoV.
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^yH§$nmMm hmXam
Zdr {X„r (d¥Îmg§ñWm)-
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nhmQo> OmoaXma ^yH§$nmMm hmXam
~gbm. `m ^yH§$nmMr Vr dŒVr
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_moOÊ`mV Ambr Amho.
A_o[ aHo$À`m ^yJ^©emó
{d^mJmZo {Xboë`m _m{hVr Zwgma,
{ZH$mo~ma ~oQ>m§Zm nhmQo> gìdm
EH$À`m gw_mamg ^yH§$nmMm Y¸$m
~gbm. ^yJ^m©V EH$ {H$_r
A§Vamda `m ^yH§$nmMm H|$Ð{~§Xy
hmoVm. ~§JmbÀ`m CngmJamV 22
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hm ^yH§$nmMm Y¸$m ~gbm. `m
^yH§$nmV AÚmn H$moUVr hr
Or {dV {H§$dm {dÎmhmZr Pmë`mMo
d¥Îm Zmhr .
{Z`_rV H$m_ H$aUmè`m
R >oHo$Xmam§Mo ~rb XoUma-_hmnm¡a
_hmnm{bHo$V H$m_ H$aUmè`m R>oH$oXmam§n¡H$s
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XoÊ`m~m~V {ZU©` KoÊ`mV `oB©b Ago _hmnm¡a
A{ZVm KmoS>obo `m§Zr ñnï> Ho$bo.
E-dZ À`m H$m_mMo ~rb XoD$ Z`o- g^mnVr
ehamV AZoH$ {R>H$mUr H$aÊ`mV Amboë`m
H$m_m_Ü`o E-dZMr H$m_o ~moJg XmI{dÊ`mV
Ambr AmhoV. Ë`m_wio `m H$m_m§Mr n«Ë`j nmhUr
Ho$ë`m{edm` ~r b AXm H$ê$ Z`o, Ago AmXoe
ñWm`r g{_Vr g^mnVr amOw qeXo `m§Zr gm§{JVbo.
nÙZm^ñdm_r _§{XamV
grgrQ>rìhr gwajm `§ÌUm
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H$moQ>r én`m§Mm I{OZm
gmnS>ë`mZ§Va MMo }V Amboë`m `oWr b
lr nÙZm^ñdm_r _§{XamÀ`m gwajm
ì`dñWoV dmT> H$aÊ`mV Ambr Amho.
`m _§{XamVr b g§nÎmr À`m gwajogmR>r
~hwñVar ` gr gr Q>r ìhr gwajm `§ÌUm
C^maÊ`mV `oV Amho. g§nyU© _§{XamV
Am{U AmdmamV 58 gr gr Q>r ìhr H°$_oao
~g{dÊ`mV `oUma AgyZ, Ë`mÛ mao
am̧{Xdg nhmam Ro>dÊ`mV `oUma
Amho.
Ho$aiMo _w»`_§Ìr Amo_oZ M§S>r
`m§Zr Am¡nMm[ aH$nUo `m gwajm
`§ÌUoMo CXKmQ>Z Ho$bo. gr gr Q>r ìhr
~g{dÊ`mgmR>r Xr S> H$moQ>r én`o IM©
H$aÊ`mV Ambo AmhoV. `m àg§Jr
_w»`_§Í`m§Zr gm§{JVbo H$r , gwajm
`§ÌUobm MH$dyZ H$moUmbmhr
_§{XamÀ`m AmdmamV àdoe H$aVm
`oUma Zmhr , Aer `§ÌUm C^maÊ`mMo
AmnU gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mbm
AmœmgZ {Xbo hmoVo. _§{XamÀ`m
gwajogmR>r EHy$U ZD$ H$moQ>r én`o IM©
`oUma Amho.
gmd©O{ZH$ joÌmVr b Ho$ëQ´ >m°Z `m
H§$nZr Zo gr gr Q>r ìhr `§ÌUm C^mabr
Amho. `m `§ÌUoMr hmVmiUr
H$aUmè`m nmo{bgm§Zmhr `mM
H§$nZr Û mao (nmZ 7 da)
nm{ h O oV
OmbZm d Am¡a§Jm~mX `oWyZ EH$mM doir ñdV§ÌnUo
àH$m{eV hmoUmè`m Zm_m§{H$V X¡{ZH$mgmR >r Imbrb
nXo Ëd[aV ^amd`mMr AmhoV.
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Agë`mZo H$mngmbm 6 hOma ^md XoUo eŠ` Zmhr . VgoM H$mngmbm
h_r ^md XoÊ`mgmR>r {damoYr njmV\}$ Jm§oJmQ> H$aÊ`mV `oV Amho.
_mÌ `m njm§Zm Ho$di {ZdS>UwH$m§À`m Vm|S>mdaM eoVH$è`m§Mm nwiH$m
`oV Agë`mMo CÚmoJ _§Ìr Zmam`U amUo `m§Zr nÌH$ma n[ afXoV
gm§{JVbo.
OmJ{VH$ Am{W©H$ _§Xr _wio gaH$ma H$mngmbm 6 hOma ê$n`o
^md XoÊ`mMm H$emhr àH$mao
{dMma H$ê$ eH$V Zmhr . Ë`mV
H$mnyg A{YH$ma `moOZm hr
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nm{H$ñVmZ ho A_o[
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aH$m Xwb©j
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aHo$Zo nm{H$ñVmZbm nmiyZ
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na§Vw 2001 À`m A_o[
aHo$À`m dëS>© Q´>oS> go§Q>ada Amogm_mZo
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H$moUË`m {dfmar gmnmbm XyY nmOdyZ _moR>o Ho$bo ho bjmV
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AmUVm `oD$ eHo$b, `m qMVoV AgUmè`m A_o[ aHo$Zo
nm{H$ñVmZê$nr gmnmbm Amda KmbÊ`mgmR>r "ZmQ>mo ' `m (Zm°W©
AQ>bm§{Q>H$ {Q´>Q>r Am°J©Zm`PoeZ) dmna A_o[
aH$m H$aV Amho.
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ZmJ[ aH$ _¥Ë`y_wIr nS>bo AmhoV. {b{~`mVr b _whå_X
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hmV hmoVm, Ago ~mobbo OmVo. "OJmMm nmo{bg' `m ^y{_Ho$V
gÜ`m A_o[
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Amho. nm{H$ñVmZMr JaO A_o[
aHo$bm AmVm \$maer am{hbobr
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aH$m AmVm R>ma H$aV Amho
Am{U nm{H$ñVmZ `m~m~V \$ŠV "IS>IS>mQ>' H$ê$ eH$Vmo.
~mH$s H$mhr Zmhr . nm{H$ñVmZMm g§Vmn "nmH$' Zmhr Ë`m_wio
Ë`m§À`m g§Vmnmbm AW© CaV Zmhr .
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_ h mamîQ´> { d Y mZ_ §S >i mM r A _ ¥V_ ` r d mQ>M mb
g { w d M ma
g_MaUr Ñï>r {dQ>odar gm{Oar
VoWo _mPr har d¥Îmr amhmo &&1Ÿ&&
_hmamï´ > {d{Y_§S>imbm XoemV AmJir
doJir Aer à{Vð>m bm^br Amho.
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XoUmao ZoVo `m {d{Y_§S>imZo amï´>mbm {Xbo
AmhoV. `m ZoË`m§Zr g§gXr ` bmoH$emhr
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àemgZmMm dñVwnmR> BVam§Zm KmbyZ {Xbm
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d AmXe© {Z_m©U Ho$bo AmhoV.
^yVnyd© _w§~B© àm§VmÀ`m bo{Oñbo{Q>ìh
H$m¡Ýgr bMr n{hbr ~¡R>H$ {X. 22 OmZodmar
18 62 amoOr _w§~B© `oWr b Q>mD$Z hm°bÀ`m
Xa~mamV ^abr hmoVr . _w§~B© àm§VmMo
VËH$mbr Z JìhZ©a ga Om°O© agob ŠbmH©$
ho Ë`m ~¡R>H$r À`m AÜ`jñWmZr hmoVo.
18 62 Vo 1937 `m n§À`mhÎma dfm©À`m
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OJÞmW e§H$a eoR>, O_eoQ>Or Or Or ^m°`,
ga _mYdamd {d§MyaH$a, amdgmho~ {dœZmW
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_ohVm, bmoH$_mÝ` ~mi J§JmYa {Q>iH$,
Jmonmi H¥$îU JmoIbo d S>m°. am_H¥$îU
Jmonmi ^m§S>maH$a Ago {X½JO gÝ_mZZr `
gXñ` bm^bo. Á`m§Zr Amnë`m _hmZ
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H$éZ {Xbr .
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n{hbm _hËdmMm Q>ßnm åhUOo 1935 Mm
^maV gaH$maMm H$m`Xm A{ñVËdmV Ambm.
Á`mV g§KamÁ`mË_H$ emgZ nÕVr
ñdr H$maÊ`mV Ambr hmoVr . VgoM àm§Vm§Zm
ñdm`ÎmVm XoÊ`mV Ambr hmoVr . `m
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{dYmZg^oMo n{hbo A{YdoeZ
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H$m`ÚmZwgma Owb¡ 1937 _Ü`o 175
gXñ` Agbobr {dYmZg^m àW_V:
A{ñVËdmV Ambr Am{U Ë`m {dYmZg^oMo
n{hbo A{YdoeZ 19 Owb¡ 1937 amoOr
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`m _hËdmÀ`m KQ>ZoMo Am¡{MË` gmYyZ
198 8 gmbr {dYmZg^oMm gwdU© _hmoËgd
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^maVr ` amÁ`KQ>Zm 26 OmZodmar
1950 amoOr A§_bmV Amë`mZ§Va
KQ>ZoVr b VaVwXr à_mUo {dYmZg^m
A{ñVËdmV Ambr . KQ>ZoÀ`m AZwÀNo>X
170 _Ü`o {dYmZg^oÀ`m aMZog§~§Yr
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VËH$mbr Z _w§~B© amÁ` {dYmZg^m, amÁ`
nwZa©MZoZ§Va 1957 _Ü`o Pmboë`m
gmd©{ÌH$ {ZdS>UwH$r Z§Va VËH$mbr Z _w §~B©
amÁ` {Û ^m{fH$ {dYmZg^m Am{U _w§~B©
amÁ` nwZa©MZoZ§Va 1 _o 1960 amoOr
_hmamï´> amÁ` ñWmnZ Pmë`mZ§VaMr
_hmamï´> amÁ`mMr n{hbr {dYmZg^m
A{ñVËdmV Ambr . Ë`mZ§Va 1962,
1967, 1972, 1978 , 198 0,
198 5, 1990, 1995, 1999,
2004, 2009 `m H«$_mZo _hmamï´>
{dYmZg^m A{ñVËdmV Ambr . (17
\o$~Œwdmar 198 0 Vo 9 OyZ 198 0 `m
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bmJy H$aÊ`mV Ambr hmoVr .)
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gßQ|>~a, 1947 amoOr nwÊ`mÀ`m H$m¡Ýgr b
hm°b_Ü`oM ^abo hmoVo.
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{dYmZg^oMo A{YdoeZ _mÌ {X. 3 _o
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Amho.
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n[ a{_V H$mimÀ`m _mJo OmD$ eH$VmV.
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ho H$m`©én g§nyU© OJmV Amnë`m
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Amho.
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g md Y { J a r
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dJiVm Vo Aì`mhVnUo gwé Amho.
_w§~B© `oWrb OwZo {dYmZ^dZ
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Vmã`mV KoD$Z Ë`mMo {dYmZ^dZmV énm§Va
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amoOr `m Zdr Z {dYmZ^dZmÀ`m B_maVr Mo
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dmñVy {eënmMo EH$ _Zmok én Amho.
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hmoVr .
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A m` wº $mb ` mH $S y>Z b mJUma h moVr .
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A)69 Vmg B) 78 Vmg
C)72 Vmg D) 56 Vmg
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