Enumerator's Manual - Tamil Nadu Government

_f-bghUshjhu k‰W« rhÂ fz¡bfL¥ò - 2011 

ef®òu« 

fz¡bfL¥ghs® ifnaL 

efuh£Á ã®thf« k‰W« FoÚ® tH§fš Jiw 

jäœehL muR 

k‰W« 

Cuf ts®¢Á k‰W« Cuh£Á¤ Jiw 

jäœehL muR

_f-bghUshjhu k‰W« rhÂ fz¡bfL¥ò - 2011 ef®òu«

_f-bghUshjhu k‰W« rhÂ fz¡bfL¥ò - 2011 ef®òu« 

g£oaš cŸsl¡f« 

t. v© cŸsl¡f« 

g¡f 

v©fŸ 

m¤Âaha« - 1 K‹Diu 1 

m¤Âaha« - 2 Å£L¥ g£oaš RU¡f¤ij mªehŸtiu rçbrŒjš, 6 

nfh£L¥gl¤ij mªehŸtiu rçbrŒjš / jahç¤jš 

f£ll§fŸ k‰W« br‹r° ÅLfS¡F Ïy¡fäLjš 

m¤Âaha« - 3 nfh£ghLfS« és¡f§fS« 17 

m¤Âaha« - 4 r_f bghUshjhu k‰W« rhÂ fz¡bfL¥ò -2011 24 

nfŸé m£ltiz 

g¡f« A 

Ãsh¡ A mikél¤Â‹ étu§fŸ 23 

Ãsh¡ B njÁa k¡fŸ bjhif gÂnt£oš (NPR) 

ÏUªJ vL¡f nt©oa étu« 23 

Ãsh¡ C Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš ÏUªJ vL¡f 

nt©oa étu« 25 

Ãsh¡ D jåeg® étu§fŸ 26 

g¡f« B 

Ãsh¡ E FoæU¥Ã‹ j‹ikfŸ 50 

ÃçÎ 1 ÅL / tÁ¥Ãl« 50 

ÃçÎ 2 trÂfŸ 55 

ÃçÎ 3 brh¤J¡fŸ 57 

Ãsh¡ F cWÂbkhê 59 

Ïiz¥ò I fz¡bfL¥ghsç‹ bghU£fŸ / fUéfŸ 59 

Ïiz¥ò II fz¡bfL¥Ã‰fhd mo¥gil elto¡iffŸ 61 

Ïiz¥ò III fs¥gâæ‹nghJ étu§fis nrfç¥gJ g‰¿a tiugl« 63 

Ïiz¥ò IV fz¡bfL¥ghsç‹ gâ k‰W« bghW¥òfŸ 65 

Ïiz¥ò V f£ll§fŸ k‰W« br‹r° ÅLfS¡F Ïy¡fäLjš, 

nfh£L¥gl¤ij jah® brŒjš / rçgL¤Jjš 67 

Ïiz¥ò VI Å£L¥ g£oaš RU¡f¤ij mªehŸtiu rçbrŒjš 76 

Ïiz¥ò VII ghšghFghL rh®ªj Ãu¢ridfŸ 85 

Ïiz¥ò VIII rhÂ / gH§Fo F¿¤j Áy nfŸé gÂšfŸ 87 

nfŸé m£ltiz - ef®òu« 89 

Ïiz¥ò IX rhÂ g£oaš (i) 

Ïiz¥ò X K¡»a bjhiyngÁ v©fŸ (xxiii)

_f-bghUshjhu k‰W« rhÂ fz¡bfL¥ò - 2011 ef®òu«


Kd;Diu 

mj;jpahak; - 1 

r%f-nghUshjhu kw;Wk; rhjp fzf;nfLg;G (SECC) 2011Mk; Mz;by; elj;jpl 

kj;jpa muR KbTnra;Js;sJ. ,f;fzf;nfLg;ghdJ me;je;j khepy / A+dpad; gpuNjr 

muRfshy;, kj;jpa murpd; epjp kw;Wk; njhopy;El;g xj;Jiog;Gld; elj;jg;gLfpwJ. 

rKf nghUshjhu kw;Wk; rhjp fzf;nfLg;G 30 [Pd; 2011 Kjy; ehl;bd; gy khepyq;fspYk;> 

kj;jpa Ml;rpg; gFjpapYk; eilngw;W tUfpwJ. ekJ ehl;by; ,J khjphpahd fzf;nfLg;G 

elj;jg;gLtJ ,JNt Kjy; KiwahFk;. 

fzf;nfLg;ghsuhf Njh;T nra;ag;gl;Ls;s ePq;fs; ,e;j mhpa tha;g;gpid 

ngw;Ws;sPh;fs;. fzf;nfLg;ghsuhf ePq;fs; nra;atpUf;fpd;w gzpahdJ Njrpa mstpy; 

kpfTk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j gzpahFk;. ,g;gzpahdJ cq;fSf;F ngUik Nrh;f;fpd;w 

mNj rkaj;jpy; ,J nghWg;G kpf;f xd;whFk;. vdNt ,g;gzpapy; cq;fSf;F xJf;fg;gLk; 

midj;J gzpfisAk; kpFe;j nghWg;GlDk; jtph;f;f 

Kbahj rpy ,dq;fspy; Iag;ghLfs; vof;$Lk;. mt;thwhd re;jh;g;gq;fspy; cq;fsJ 

fzf;nfLg;G Nkw;ghh;itahsh; my;yJ khtl;l/khepy mstpyhd rk;ge;jg;gl;;l mYtyiu 

njhlh;G nfhs;syhk;. mtrpak; ,Ug;;gpd; kj;jpa murpd; tPl;L trjp kw;Wk; tWik 

xopg;G mikr;rfj;jpd; ,f;fzf;nfLg;G rk;ge;jkhd rpwg;Gf; FOTld; (Core group) 

njhlh;G nfhs;syhk;. 

fzf;nfLg;G gzp Jtq;Ftjw;F Kd;dh; ,f;ifNal;bid ftdkhf gbf;fTk;. 

ePq;fs; fzf;nfLg;G gzpf;F nry;Yk; rkaj;jpy; ,f;ifNal;bid cld; vLj;Jr; 

nry;tJ nghUj;jkhf mikAk;. ,f;ifNal;by;> Kf;fpakhf Nfs;tp ml;ltizia 

G+h;j;jp nra;Ak; Kiw rpy cjhuzq;fSld; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mt;tpsf;fq;fspd; 

mbg;gilapy; fzf;nfLg;gpd; Kiwfis Ghpe;Jnfhs;tjhf ,Ug;gpDk; mtw;wpid 

cjhuzq;fshf kl;LNk vLj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. fzf;nfLg;Gg; gzp Jtq;Ftjw;F 

Kd;dh;> fzf;nfLg;G gzpapd;NghJ kw;Wk; fzf;nfLg;G gzpKbTw;w gpd;G vd;w 

%d;W epiyfspy; fzf;nfLg;ghsh; nra;a Ntz;ba gzpfs; gpd;tUkhW. 

fzf;nfLg;G gzp Jtq;Ftjw;F Kd;dh; nra;a Ntz;bait 

• gapw;rpapy; fye;Jnfhz;L ,f;fzf;nfLg;gpw;fhd Nfs;tp ml;ltiz kw;Wk; 

,f;ifNal;bid ftdkhf gbj;J> nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s midj;J mwpTiufisAk; 

Ghpe;Jnfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. vg;gFjpNaDk; njspthf Ghpatpy;iy vdpy; cq;fsJ 

gapw;rpahsh; /Nkw;ghh;itahshplk; Nfl;L njspTgLj;jpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 

• gapw;rpapd; Kbtpy; ,g;gzpapid Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F Njitahd ,izg;G 1-y; 

gl;bayplg;gl;Ls;s midj;J nghUl;fisAk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,j;Jld; 

1


ekJ khepyj;jpw;fhd n\l;a+y;L tFg;gpdh; / n\l;a+y;L goq;Fbapdh;; mlq;fpa 

gl;baiyAk; jtwhky; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sTk;. 

• jq;fis fzf;nfLg;ghsuhf epakdk; nra;jjw;fhd epakd Mizapid 

chpa gbtj;jpy; jFjpahd mYtyuhy; ifnahg;gkplg;gl;L toq;fg;gl;Ls;sjh 

vd;gij cWjp nra;J nfhs;sTk;. 

• mijg;NghyNt jFjpahd mYtyuhy; ifnahg;gk; ,lg;gl;l milahs ml;il 

jq;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;sjh vd;gijAk; cWjp nra;J nfhs;sTk;. 

• fzf;nfLg;gpw;F nry;Yk; midj;J rkaq;fspYk; jtwhky; cq;fsJ epakd 

Miziaf; nfhz;L nry;tNjhL milahs ml;ilia gpwh; fhZk; tifapy; 

mzpa Ntz;Lk;. . 

• ,f;fzf;nfLg;gpy; midj;J fl;llq;fs;> tPLfs;> FLk;gq;fs; kw;Wk; egh;fis 

tpLglhky;> fzf;nfLg;G nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ,jid cWjpg;gLj;Jtw;fhf jq;fsJ 

fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; cs;s midj;J tPLfs; kw;Wk; fl;llq;fis 

fz;lwptNjhL kl;Lky;yhky;> tPlw;w egh;fs; / FLk;gq;fs; trpf;Fk; ,lq;;fisAk; 

fz;lwpa Ntz;Lk;. vdNt jq;fSf;F xJf;fPL nra;ag;gl;Ls;s fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf; / efuk; / xJf;fPL nra;ag;gl;l gFjp KOikiaAk; Rw;wpg;ghh;j;J 

me;j KOg;gug;gpidAk;> mjpy; fhzg;gLk; Kf;fpa ,lq;fisg; gw;wpAk; 

njspthf mwpe;Jnfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 

• fzf;nfLg;G gzp Jtf;Ftjw;F Kd;dh; jq;fSf;F xJf;fPL nra;ag;gl;Ls;s 

gFjpapy; trpf;Fk; tajhd kw;Wk; Kf;fpa egh;fis re;jpj;J cq;fsJ 

tUifapd; Nehf;fk; gw;wp mth;fSf;F vLj;Jiuf;f Ntz;Lk;. 

mwpKf ciuahly; 

jq;fSila mwpKf ciuahliy fP;o;fz;;lthW njhlq;fyhk; 

tzf;fk;. vd;Dila ngah; (fzf;nfLg;ghsh;) vd;Dld; te;jpUg;gth; jpU/jpUkjp 

(fzpdp ,af;Fgth;) r%f - nghUshjhu kw;Wk; rhjp fzf;nfLg;gpy; Njitahd 

tptuq;fis Nrfhpf;f> cq;fsJ rpwg;ghd gq;fspg;gpid vjph;Nehf;fp ehq;fs; ,q;F 

te;Js;Nshk;. ePq;fs; toq;Fk; tptuq;fisj; njhFj;J mjd; mbg;gilapy;> gy;NtW 

muRj; jpl;lq;fspd; gad;fis rPhpa Kiwapy; toq;FtNjhL Gjpa nfhs;if KbTfis 

Nkw;nfhs;sTk;> tPL kw;Wk; tWik xopg;gpw;F Njitahd Gjpa jpl;lq;fis cUthf;fTk;> 

cq;fSila jfty;fs; muRf;F kpfTk; cjtpfukhf mikAk;. xU FLk;gj;jpd; 

r%f nghUshjhu epiy rk;ge;jkhd tptuq;fis Nrfhpj;jpl ,f;fzf;nfLg;G 

eilngWfpwJ. ehq;fs; Nrfhpf;Fk; tptuq;fs; khefuhl;rp / efuhl;rp / Ng&uhl;rp 

mYtyfq;fspd;; thh;L mYtyfq;fspy;; ghh;itf;F itf;fg;gl;L rhpghh;f;fg;gl cs;sJ. 

jq;fsplk; ,Ue;J tptuq;fs; Nrfhpf;fg;gl;l gpd;dh; mjw;fhd xg;Gifr; rPl;Lk; jq;fSf;F 

toq;fg;gLk;. ,e;epfo;tpy; jq;fsJ eLepiyahd xj;Jiog;ig jUkhW Nfl;Lf; 

nfhs;fpNwhk;. 

2


fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ nra;a Ntz;bait 

• fzf;nfLg;ghsuhd cq;fNshL fzpdp ,af;Fgth; xUth; fzf;nfLg;G gzpf;F 

tuTs;shh;. mth; rpwpa iff;fzpdpapid itj;jpUg;ghh;> mjid gad;gLj;jp 

fzf;nfLg;gpd; tptuq;fis Vw;fdNt mf;fUtpapy; gjpTnra;ag;gl;Ls;s 

nkd;nghUspd; cjtpNahL gjpT nra;thh;. 

• iff;fzpdpapid ,af;Fgth; tptuq;fis gjpT nra;tjw;F Kd;dh; mtUf;nfd 

xJf;fg;gl;Ls;s milahs FwpaPL (ID) kw;Wk; flT nrhy; (Password) 

Kjypatw;iw ngw;Ws;shuh vd;gij cWjpnra;aTk;. 

• FLk;gj;jpd; tptuq;fis fzf;nfLf;Fk;NghJ Nfs;tpfis Nfl;gjpy; mtruk; 

fhl;l Ntz;lhk;. gjpy; mspg;gtiu vg;nghOJk; Gd;difAlDk; chpa 

khpahijAlDk; vjph;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. Kjypy; cq;fsJ tUifapd; Nehf;fk; 

gw;wpAk; cq;fisg; gw;wpa tptuq;fisAk; RUf;fkhf> gjpyspf;f cs;sthplk; 

njhptpf;f Ntz;Lk;. cq;fsJ milahs ml;iliaAk; mthplk; fhz;gpf;fTk;. 

cq;fsJ el;ghd Njhw;wKk;> khpahij fye;j mZFKiwAk;> RUf;fkhd/ 

njspthd mwpKf thh;j;ijfSk; gjpyspf;f cs;sthplk; xU Mh;tj;ijAk; 

ey;y kdepiyiaAk; cUthf;FtNjhL Ra tpUg;gj;Jld; rhpahd gjpypid 

njhptpg;gjw;F toptFf;Fk;. Nkw;fz;l mZFKiwapdhy; cq;fsJ gzpahdJ 

vspjhtNjhL kfpo;r;rpahdjhfTk;> gaDs;sjhfTk; mikAk;. 

• xU FLk;gk; gw;wpa tptuq;fis me;j FLk;gj;ijr; rhuhj 

cWg;gpdh;fsplkpUe;Njh my;yJ NtW gy egh;fsplkpUe;Njh Nrfhpg;gij 

Kw;wpYkhf jtph;f;f Ntz;Lk;. ,f;fzf;nfLg;ghdJ> ,e;jpahtpy; cs;s 

midj;J FLk;gq;fisAk; jdpj;jdpahf fzf;nfLg;G nra;tjhFk;. vdNt 

$Lkhdtiu xU FLk;gj;jpdhplk; tptuq;fis Nrfhpf;Fk;nghOJ mf;FLk;gj;ij 

rhuhjth;fs; cld; ,y;yhky; ,Ug;gij cWjp nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

• xU FLk;gk; gw;wpa tptuq;fis mspg;gth; mf;FLk;gj;jpd; midj;J 

tptuq;fisAk; mwpe;jtuhfÎ« rhpahf gjpy; mspf;Fk; jpwDk; cs;s MzhfNth 

my;yJ ngz;zhfNth ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. taJ Fiwe;jth;fs;; (minor) tptuq;fs; 

mspg;gij KOikahf jtph;f;f Ntz;Lk;. fzf;nfLg;gpid rhe;jkhf elj;jpl 

Ntz;Lk;. gjpy; mspg;gtNuhL Kuz;ghlhf ele;J nfhs;tNjh> fl;lhag;gLj;jp 

gjpy; nrhy;y itg;gNjh $lhJ. 

• gjpyspg;gth; ngz;zhf ,Uf;Fk; gl;rj;jpy; gf;FtkhfTk; Neh;ikahfTk; 

ele;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. jtwhd thf;FWjpfisNah> rYiffisNah 

cWjpaspf;f $lhJ. 

• Nfs;tp; gFjp thhpahf (A to F) nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thpirapy; Nfs;tpfis 

Nfl;f Ntz;Lk;. 

• gjpyspg;gtUf;F cjtpnra;tjhf epidj;J tptuq;fis nrhy;ypf; nfhLg;gij 

KOikahf jtph;f;f Ntz;Lk;. gjpy; mspg;gthpd; gjpypid mg;gbNa 

mt;tpdhtpw;fhd FwpaPLfspd; mbg;gilapy; gjpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

3


• gjpy; mspg;gtuhy; njhptpf;fg;gLk;; tputq;fSf;F Mjhukhf Mtzq;fs; 

VJk; rhpghh;f;f Njitapy;iy. mtUila gjpypid mg;gbNa 

Vw;Wf;nfhs;tJ NghJkhdjhFk;. 

• jq;fsJ fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpid KOikahf Rw;wp ghh;j;J> tPl;Lgl;bay; 

RUf;fj;jpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s tptuq;fspd; mbg;gilapy; mjDila 

vy;iyfisAk; Kf;fpakhd rpwg;G milahsq;fisAk; fz;lwpaNtz;Lk;. 

• jq;fSf;F nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpid 

(Layout Map) rhpghh;f;f Ntz;Lk;. ,g;gzpapid vt;thW nra;a Ntz;Lk; 

vd;gjw;fhd tpsf;fk; ,f;ifNal;by; mLj;j mj;jpahaj;jpy; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 

(eph;thf fhuzq;fshy; cq;fSf;F Nfhl;Lg; glk; fpilf;ftpy;iy vdpy; 

Gjpjhf jahh; nra;ag;glNtz;Lk;.) 

• ve;j xU tPLk; tpLglhky;> xt;nthU tPlhf nrd;W fzf;nfLg;G nra;J 

tptuq;fis iff;fzpdpapy; rhpahfTk; KOikahfTk; gjpT nra;a 

Ntz;Lk;. 

• fzf;nfLg;gpd;nghOJ tPl;Lg;gl;baypd; RUf;fj;jpd; gphpTfs; 2> 3 kw;Wk; 4 

Kjypatw;iw rhpghh;f;f Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;fhd tpsf;fk; mLj;j mj;jpahaj;jpy; 

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 

• jq;fs; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; trpf;Fk; tPlw;w egh;fis/FLk;gq;fis> midj;J 

rhjhuz kw;Wk; epiyaf;FLk;gq;fspd; fzf;nfLg;G Kbtile;jTld; 

gpuj;jpNafkhf mjw;nfd xJf;fg;gl;Ls;s ehl;fspy; fzf;nfLg;G nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

• midj;J FLk;gq;fSk; KOikahf fzf;nfLg;;G nra;ag;glNtz;Lk;. xU 

fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; cs;s midj;J FLk;gq;fspd; fzf;nfLg;Gk; 

Kbahj epiyapy; mLj;jjhf jq;fSf;F xJf;fPL nra;ag;gl;Ls;s fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;fpd; fzf;nfLg;gpid Jtf;ff; $lhJ. 

• fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;Ls;s ve;j xU tPl;ilAk; 

fzf;nfLf;fhky; tpl;L;tplf;$lhJ. Kjyhtjhf ePq;fs; nry;Yk;NghJ> 

jw;fhypfkhf me;j efuj;jpy; ,y;yhky; ,Ug;gth;fis> kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; 

nrd;W mf;FLk;gj;jpdh; cs;sduh vd;gij mwpaNtz;Lk;. xUNtis 

mt;thW nrd;wgpd;Gk; me;j FLk;gj;jpdiu fhz ,aytpy;iy vdpy;> me;j 

FLk;gj; jiyth; kw;Wk; FLk;gj;jpdh; mt;t+hpy; fhzg;glhjjw;fhd fhuzj;ij 

mt;tPl;bw;F mUfhikapy; cs;s FLk;gj;jpdhplk; mwpe;J> Fwpg;gpid 

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fyj;jpy; gjpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;. mit Nkw;ghh;itahsuhy; 

rhpghh;f;fg;gl;L gjpT nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

• midj;J tPlw;w FLk;gq;fisAk; fzf;nfLg;G nra;a Ntz;Lk;. FbapUg;G 

fl;llq;fspNyh> nrd;r]; tPLfspNyh trpf;fhky; jpwe;jntsp> rhiyNahuk;> eilghij> 

khbg;gbapd; mbapy;> rKjhaf; fl;llq;fs; topghl; Lj;;jyq;fs; Mfpa ,lq;fspy; 

trpg;gth;fis tPlw;w FLk;gq;fshf fzf;fpy; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 

4


• xt;nthU ehSk; fzf;nfLg;G %yk; if fzpdpapy; gjpTnra;ag;gl;l 

tptuq;fis md;whlk; nghWg;G ikaj;jpy; cs;s fzpdp Kyk; rh;thpy; 

cs;sPL nra;a Ntz;Lk;. fl;Lg;ghl;L ikaj;jpypUe;J cq;fsJ fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;> Fwpg;gpl;l J}uj;jpw;F mjpkhf ,Uf;Fk; gl;rj;jpy; 48 kzp Neuj;jpw;F 

xUKiw cs;sPL nra;ag;gLtij cWjp nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

• midj;J FLk;gq;fisAk; fzf;nfLg;G nra;j gpd;dh;> fzf;nfLg;ghsh; 

RUf;fk; ,uz;L efy;fspy; jahh; nra;ag;gl;L Nkw;ghh;itahsuhy; 

ifnahg;gkplg;gl Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; mjDila ,uz;lhtJ gpujpia jhq;fs; 

gj;jpukhf itj;Jf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 

• rhpghh;f;fg;;gl;l Nfhl;Lg; glk;> rhpghh;f;fg;;gl;l tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fk;> 

fzf;nfLg;ghsh; RUf;fk;> fzf;nfLg;G KOikahf Kbf;fg;gl;ljw;fhd 

rhd;W> g+h;j;jp nra;ag;gl;l xg;Gif rPl;Lg; Gj;jfq;fs;> (gad;gLj;jg;glhj 

rPl;LfSld;) kw;Wk; fzf;nfLg;gpy; gad;gLj;jg;gl;l / gad;gLj;jg;glhj 

nghUl;fs; midj;Jk; cq;fsJ Nkw;ghh;itahshplk; xg;gilf;f Ntz;Lk;. 

fzf;nfLg;G gzp KbTw;w gpd;dh; 

(fzf;nfLg;ghsh;fSf;fhd gapw;rpg;gb> kjpg;g+jpak; kw;Wk; Nghf;Ftuj;J gb) 

• cq;fsJ gapw;rpf;fhd gbahf ehs; xd;wpf;F &.150/- toq;fg;gLk;. ,e;j 

gbahdJ fzf;nfLg;gpy; ; ftdj;JlDk;> juj;JlDk; nra;J Kbg;gPh;fs; 

vd ek;GfpNwhk;. 

cq;fsJ gzp rpwf;f vq;fsJ tho;j;Jf;fs;!! 

5



tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fj;ij me;ehs; tiu rhpghh;j;jy; / 

Nfhl;Lg;glj;ij me;ehs; tiu rhpghh;j;jy; / jahhpj;jy; / 

fl;llq;fs; kw;Wk; nrd;r]; tPLfSf;F ,yf;fkpLjy; 

cq;fSf;F xJf;fPL nra;ag;gl;l fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpw;fhd tPl;Lg;gl;baypd; 

RUf;fKk; Nfhl;Lg;glKk; toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,tw;wpidg; gw;wpAk; ,ij vt;thW 

me;ehs; tiu rhpnra;tJ vd;gJ gw;wpAk; ,e;j mj;jpahaj;jpy; njhpªJ nfhs;syhk;. 

fzf;nfLg;gpw;fhd fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; / rg;-fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; : 

fzf;nfLg;G nra;tjw;F mbg;gilahf miktJ> fzf;nfLg;gpw;fhd fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf; vd;gjhFk;. ,J 650 Kjy; 700 kf;fs; njhif nfhz;l 100 Kjy; 125 

FLk;gq;fis cs;slf;fpajhFk;. 2011y; elj;jp Kbf;fg;gl;;l kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;gpy; 

gphpf;fg;gl;l fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;Ffspd; mbg;gilapNyNa> ,e;j r%f nghUshjhu 

kw;Wk; rhjp fzf;nfLg;Gk; elj;jg;gLfpwJ. cq;fSf;F xJf;fg;gl;Ls;s fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;fpd; tptuq;fs;> cq;fsJ gzp epakd fbjj;jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjd; 

tptuq;fs; gw;wp njspthf mwpe;J nfhs;sTk;. jtph;f;f Kbahj rkaq;fspy; Gjpjhf 

xU fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; gphpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;why; ,e;j mj;jpahaj;jpy; 

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s mwpTiufis gpd;gw;wTk;. 

miktpl tptuq;fs; : xt;nthU khepyk; / khtl;lk; / tl;lk; / efuk; ,tw;wpw;nfd 

jdpj;Jtkhd FwpaPl;L vz;fs; cs;sd. cq;fsJ gFjpf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;s FwpaPl;L 

vz; cq;fsJ epakdf; fbjj;jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ. vdNt ,f;FwpaPl;L vz;fis 

njspthf njhpe;Jnfhs;tJ kpfTk; Kf;fpakhdjhFk;. NkYk; cq;fsJ fzpdp 

,af;FgtUk; jdJ rpwpa iffzpdpapy; rhpahd fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; tptuq;fis 

ngw;Ws;shuh vd;gjidAk;> xt;nthU tPl;bd; fzf;nfLg;gpid Jtf;Ftjw;F Kd;dh;> 

mth;> mf;FLk;gj;jpd; rhpahd thpir vz;iz gjpT nra;Js;shuh vd;gijAk; cWjp 

nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fk; (AHL): cq;fSf;F xJf;fPL nra;ag;gl;Ls;s fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;fpy;> 2011k; Mz;L kf;fs;njhif fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ fhzg;gl;l FLk;gq;fspd; 

gl;bay; kw;Wk; FLk;g jiythpd; ngah; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s> tPl;Lg;gl;baypd; RUf;fk; 

(AHL) cq;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ> tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fj;ij fsMa;tpy; me;ehs;tiu 

rhpghh;gJ cq;fsJ gzpfspy; xd;W. ,Ug;gpDk; kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;ghdJ 

rkPgj;jpy;jhd; Kbf;fg;gl;Ls;s fhuzj;jhy; fsj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; Nkw;fz;l 

tptuq;fSf;Fk;> nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s tPl;Lg;gl;baypd; RUf;fj;jpw;Fk; mjpf mstpyhd 

NtWghL ,Ug;gjw;F tha;g;gpy;iy. Mdhy;> mjpf mstpyhd NtWghL fhzg;gLk; 

gl;rj;jpy; mjid cq;fsJ Nkw;ghh;itahsUf;F njhptpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mt;thwhd 

rkaj;jpy; cq;fsJ Nkw;ghh;itahsh; me;j fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpid mtuhfNt 

Nehpilahf Ma;T nra;J mt;NtWghLfs; cz;ikahditjhdh vd;gjid> cWjp 

nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j tPl;Lg;gl;baypd; RUf;fj;jpid ,f;fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ rhpghh;f;Fk; 

KiwahdJ> ,t;tj;jpahaj;jpy; mLj;JtUk; gFjpfspy; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. NkYk; 

tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpd; khjphp efYk; ,izg;G-VI-y; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 

6


tPLfSf;F ,yf;fkspj;jy;: kf;fs;;; njhif fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ midj;J 

fl;llq;fs;> nrd;r]; tPLfs; kw;Wk; FLk;gq;fSf;F vz;fs; toq;fg;gl;Ls;sd. cq;fsJ 

tPl;L gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s fl;ll kw;Wk; nrd;r]; tPLfSf;fhd 

vz;fs; jw;nghOJ me;j fl;llq;fs;/nrd;r]; tPLfspy; fhzg;gLfpd;wdth vd;gjid 

rhpghh;f;f Ntz;Lk;. xUNtis me;j vz;fs; fsj;jpy; fhzg;gltpy;iynadpy; 

tPl;Lg; gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpy; cs;s vz;fis jpUk;g gjpa Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;fhf 

cq;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;s rhf;gP]; / vOJfyid(Marker) gad;gLj;jTk;. cq;fsJ 

fsg;gzpapd; nghOJ> tPl;Lg;;gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpy; fhzg;glhj Gjpa tPLfs;> fl;llq;fs; 

kw;Wk; FLk;gq;fs; fhzg;glyhk;. mg;gbahd Gjpa tPLfs;/fl;llq;fs;/FLk;gq;fSf;F 

cq;fshy; Gjpa vz;fs; ,lg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,jpy; Kf;fpakhf ftdpf;fg;gl Ntz;baJ 

vd;dntd;why;> ePq;fs; ,Lk; Gjpa vz;fspd; tptuk; tPl;Lg; gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpy; 

gjpag;;gl Ntz;Lk;. Gjpa vz;fs; toq;Fk; Kiw gw;wpAk;> tPl;Lg;gl;baypid me;ehs; 

tiu rhpnra;jy; gw;wpAk; ,t;tj;jpahaj;jpy; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. (,izg;G-VI fhz;f) 

Nfhl;Lg;glk;(Layout Map) : Nfhl;Lg;glk; ifahy; tiuag;gLk; xU glk; MFk;. 

ve;j xU tpfpj mstpYk; jahhpf;fg;gLk; glk; my;y. ,J fl;llk; kw;Wk; tPl;L 

vz;fis cs;slf;fpa xU glkhFk;. ,g;glj;jpy; FLk;gq;fs; trpf;Fk; fl;llq;fs; 

kl;LNk my;yhky; ,ju fl;llq;fs;> jpwe;jntspfs; kw;Wk; ntw;wplq;fSk; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ. 

tptukhd Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpid jahhpg;gjd; Nehf;fk; cq;fSf;F mspf;fg;gl;l gFjp KOtJk; 

fzf;nfLg;gpy; Nrh;f;fg;gl;Ltpl;ljh vd;gij cWjp nra;tjw;fhfNtahFk;. jw;nghOJ 

cq;fsplk; toq;fg;gl;Ls;s Nfhl;Lg;glk; cq;fSf;F xJf;fg;gl;Ls;s fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;fpw;;;F chpaJjhdh vd;gjid gapw;rp Kbtile;J nry;tjw;F Kd;ghfNt cWjp 

nra;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. rpy fhuzj;jhy; cq;fSf;F xJf;fPL nra;ag;gl;Ls;s 

fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;Ff;;fhd Nfhl;Lg;glk; fpilf;fg;ngwtpy;iynadpy; (Gjpjhf fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;s epiyapy;) Gjpa Nfhl;Lg;glk; cq;fshy; jahhpf;fg;gl 

Ntz;Lk;. Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpid me;ehs; tiu rhpnra;jy; kw;Wk; Gjpjhf jahh; nra;tjw;fhd 

topKiw Mfpait ,t;tj;jpahaj;jpy; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. cq;fsplk; toq;fg;gl;l 

Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpy; ,lk;ngwhj midj;J Gjpa tPLfs;/fl;llq;fs;/ FLk;gq;fis 

Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpy; Fwpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gjid Kf;fpakhf> ,j;jUzj;jpy; epidtpy; nfhs;s 

Ntz;Lk;. (,izg;G-VI fhz;f) 

fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;Ffs;: 

1. fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; vd;gJ fzf;nfLg;gpid elj;Jtjw;F mbg;gil myfhf 

mikfpwJ. xU fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; vy;iyfis tiuaiw nra;J 

me;j fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; ve;j xU gFjpAk; tpLglhkYk;> ,ul;bg;ghfhkYk;> 

fzf;nfLg;G gzp Nkw;nfhs;Sk;; fzf;nfLg;ghsh;fSf;fpilNa> gzpapd; 

msT $Lkhdtiu rkkhf ,Ug;gij cWjp nra;tjw;Fk; fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf; mtrpakhfpwJ. 

2. 2011-Mk; Mz;bd; kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;ghdJ ,uz;L fl;lq;;;fshf 

elj;jg;gl;lJ. KjyhtJ fl;lkhf 2010Mk; Mz;L Vg;uy; Kjy; nrg;lk;gh; 

tiu tPl;Lg;gl;bay; kw;Wk; tPLfs; fzf;nfLf;Fk; gzpAk;> ,uz;lhtJ fl;lkhf 

7


2011Mk;; Mz;L gpg;;;uthp khjj;jpy; kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;G gzpAk; 

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ. Nkw;fz;l Kjy; fl;lg;gzpapy; xt;nthU eph;thf 

tuk;gpw;Fl;gl;l gFjpAk; tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpw;;;Fs; vd;w Kiwapy; 

gphpf;fg;gl;lJ. mj;Jld; xt;nthU tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;FfspYk;> 

Njrpa kf;fs;njhif gjpNtl;bd; (NPR) ml;ltizapid tPLtPlhfr; nrd;W 

mwpKfk; nra;ag;gl;lJ. 

3. ,uz;lhtJ fl;lkhd kf;fs;njhif fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;Ffs; kw;Wk; Jiz-fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;Ffs; tiuaWf;fg;gl;ld. mitNa 

jw;NghJ cq;fSf;F xJf;fPL nra;ag;gl;l fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;Ffs; MFk;. 

4. tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;vz; ehd;F ,yf;fq;fisf; nfhz;ljhFk;. 

Mdhy; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; kw;Wk; Jiz-fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; vz; Ie;J 

,yf;fq;fisf; nfhz;ljhFk;. $Ljyhf gad;gLj;jg;gl;l Ie;jhtJ 

,yf;fkhdJ Jiz fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpw;F chpajhFk;. xU tPl;Lg;gl;bay; 

fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; Jizfzf;nfLg;G gpshf;Ffs; VJk; ,y;iy vd;why; 

tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; vz;Zk; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; vz;Zk; 

xd;whfNt ,Uf;Fk;;. 

cjhuzk;: 

fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; vz;: 0 0 2 5 1 

5. xU fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; / Jiz fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; 650 Kjy; 700 kf;fs; 

njhif nfhz;l my;yJ 100 Kjy; 125 FLk;gq;fis cs;slf;fpajhFk;;. 

6. xUNtis kf;fs; n;jhif fzf;nfLg;gpy; tpLgl;Ls;s rpy gFjpfs; 

,Uf;FNkahdhy;> mJ nghWg;G mYtyuhy; fz;lwpag;;gl;L mJ xU GJ 

fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fhfNth my;yJ Jizfzf;nfLg;G gpshf;FfshfNth 

tiuaiw nra;ag;gl;L mjw;fhd fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; vz; (Jiz fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf; vz; ,ize;Njh my;yJ jdpj;Njh) toq;fg;gl;L mjDila vy;iyfs; 

mtuhy; eph;zak; nra;ag;gLk;. vg;gbahf ,Ue;jhYk;> cq;fSf;F 

toq;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpid ed;F Ma;e;J mwpe;J 

nfhs;sNtz;Lk;. vdNt fzf;nfLg;G gw;wpa ve;jtpjkhd re;Njfj;;;jpidAk; 

cq;fsJ Nkw;ghh;itahsh; kw;Wk; nghWg;G mYtyhplk; Nfl;L njspT 

ngw;Wf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 

7. Kjyhtjhf Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpd; cjtpAlDk;> tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpy; 

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s Kf;fpa milahsq;fs;> tPLfs;> fl;llq;fs; kw;Wk; FLk;g 

tptuq;fspd; mbg;gilapYk; cq;fSf;F xJf;fPL nra;ag;gl;Ls;s fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;fpid Rw;wp ghh;j;J mjDila vy;iyfis mwpaTk;. mjd;gpd;G 

Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpy; (‘‘1’’ vd;W vz;zplg;gl;l) Muk;g ,lj;jpid fz;lwpe;J 

me;j ,lj;jpypUe;J Muk;gpj;J Kiwahf midj;J kf;fisAk; tpLjypd;wpAk;> 

,ul;bg;G MfhkYk; fzf;nfLg;G nra;J Kbf;f Ntz;Lk;. kf;fs;;njhif 

8


fzf;nfLg;G nra;ag;gl;l topapid (thpirf;fpukk;) Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpy; 

fhl;lg;gl;Ls;s mk;Gf;Fwpapd; %yk; mwpayhk;. me;j topapidNa 

,f;fzf;nfLg;gpw;Fk; gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. mt;thW filgpbf;Fk;gl;rj;jpy; 

cq;fsJ gzp vspikahtNjhL Kiwahf cq;fsJ fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; 

midj;J gFjpfspYk; fzf;nfLf;f ,aYk;. 

tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fk; 

cq;fSf;F nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,e;j tPl;L;g;gl;baypd; RUf;fj;jpy; gy gphpTfs; cs;sd. 

,jd; ml;ilg;gf;fj;jpy; cq;fSf;F xJf;fg;gl;Ls;s fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; miktpl 

tptuq;fis gphpT-1 y; fhzyhk;. miktpl tptuq;fs; gpd;tUkhW. 

• khepyj;jpd; ngah; kw;Wk; FwpaPl;L vz; 

• khtl;lj;jpd; ngah; kw;Wk; FwpaPl;L vz; 

• tl;lj;jpd; ngah; kw;Wk; FwpaPl;L vz; 

• efuj;jpd; ngah; kw;Wk; FwpaPl;L vz; 

• thh;L vz; kw;Wk; FwpaPl;L vz; 

fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; vz; kw;Wk; Jizfzf;nfLg;G gpshf; vz; 

Nkw;fz;l tptuq;fNshL cq;fsJ gzpepakd fbjj;jpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s 

tptuq;fis xg;gpl;L ghh;j;J rhpahd tPl;Lg;gl;baypd; RUf;fk; cq;fSf;F 

toq;fg;gl;Ls;sjh vd;gij cWjp nra;Jnfhs;sTk;. mj;Jld; cq;fsJ if fzpdp 

,af;Fgthplk; cs;s if fzpdpapy; cq;fSf;F xJf;fPL nra;ag;gl;Ls;s fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;Ff;fhd Njrpa kf;fs; njhif gjpNtl;bd; (NPR) gf;fq;fspd; Gifg;gl efy; 

(Image) cs;sPL nra;ag;gl;Ls;sij cWjp nra;Jnfhs;sNtz;Lk;. 

tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpd; gphpT-2 

1. thpir vz; 

2. tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; vz; 

3. fl;ll vz; 

4. nrd;r]; tPl;L vz; 

5. nrd;r]; tPL vt;thW gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ 

6. FLk;g vz; 

7. FLk;gj;jiythpd; ngah; 

8. FLk;gj;jpd; njhlh; vz; 

9. ghh;itapl;l / kPz;Lk; ghh;itapl;;l Njjp 

10. Fwpg;Giu 

kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;gpd; Kjy; fl;l gzpapd;;NghJ fz;lwpag;gl;l 

FLk;gq;fspd; tptuq;fs;> FLk;gj;jiythpd; ngaUld; ,g;gFjpapy; nfhLf;fg;gl;L;s;sd. 

,f;FLk;g tptuq;fis Gifg;gl efy; (scanned images) iffzpdpapy; cs;sPL nra;J 

itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. Nkw;fz;l tptuq;fspd; mbg;gilapy; fzf;nfLg;G eltbf;iffs; 

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

• xU FLk;gj;ij re;jpf;Fk;nghOJ tPl;Lg;gl;baypy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s mNj 

FLk;gk;jhdh vd;gjid mf;FLk;g jiythpd; ngahpid Nfl;L xg;gpl;L 

ghh;j;Jf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 

9


• xg;gpl;Lg;ghh;j;jjpy; mNj FLk;gk;jhd; vd njhpatUk; gl;rj;jpy;> cq;fsJ 

if fzpdp ,af;Fgthplk; me;j FL;k;gj;jpw;fhd njhlh; vz;iz (gFjp-2 d; 

fyk; 8 d;; gbahd) if fzpdpapy; cs;sPL nra;af; NfhuTk;. 

• cldbahf me;j FLk;gj;jpw;fhd FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fspd; tptuq;fs; mlq;fpa 

Gifg;gl efy; (Image) if-fzpdp; jpiuapy; Njhd;Wk;. 

• ,g;NghJ mjd; mbg;gilapy; mf;FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fs; jw;nghOJk; mq;F 

trpg;gij xt;nthUtuhf cWjp nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

Nkw;fz;l nray;ghl;by; ehd;F tifahd ;epiyfs; voyhk;> mit gpd;tUkhW: 

(1) mNj egh; njhlh;e;J me;j FLk;gj;Jld; trpf;fpwhh;;> mt;thwhdhy; if 

fzpdpapd; jpiuapy; rhpahd FwpaPL; vz;iz(1) Njh;T nra;J Gifg;gl efypy; 

(Image) cs;sthW me;eghpd; ngah;> ghy;ghFghL> gpwe;j Njjp Kjypa tptuq;fis 

if fzpdpapy; cs;sPL nra;aNtz;Lk;. 

(2) FLk;g cWg;gpdh; me;j FLk;gj;jpdNuhL trpf;fhky;> Fbngah;e;J Mdhy; 

mNj fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; NtW xU ,lj;jpy; trpf;fpwhh;. ,ªj #o;epiyæy; 

if fzpdp ,af;Fgtiu rhpahd FwpaPl;L vz; (2)-I Njh;T nra;a mwpTWj;jp mLj;j 

egh; gw;wpa Fwpg;GfSf;F nrd;WtplNtz;Lk;. ,ijg;NghyNt kf;fs;njhif 

fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ mNj FLk;g cWg;gpduhf gjpTnra;ag;gl;l Ntiyf;fhuh;fs;> 

gzk; nrY¤Â jq;Fk; tpUe;jpdh; (Paying Guest) tPl;NlhL gzpnra;gth;fs; Kjypath;fs; 

,f;fzf;nfLg;gpy; jdpf;FLk;gkhf fUjg;gl Ntz;Lk.; tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpy; 

mth;fis nfhz;Lte;J vt;thW fzf;nfLg;G nra;a Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ ,t;tj;jpahaj;jpy; 

jdpahf tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 

(3) FLk;g cWg;gpdh;> FLk;gj;jpdNuhL trpf;fhky; Fbngah;e;J fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;Ff;F ntspapy; nrd;Ws;shh;> ,e;epfo;tpy; FwpaPl;L vz; (3)I Njh;T nra;a 

mwpTWj;jp mLj;j egh; gw;wpa Fwpg;GfSf;F nrd;Wtpl Ntz;Lk;. 

(4) FLk;g cWg;gpdh; ,we;Jtpl;lhh;> ,e;epfo;tpy; FwpaPl;L vz; (4)I Njh;T 

nra;J mLj;j egh; gw;wpa Fwpg;GfSf;F nrd;Wtpl Ntz;Lk;. 

jpiuapy; Njhd;wpa midj;J cWg;gpdh;fs; gw;wpa tptuq;fis Nfl;lwpe;j gpd;dh; 

Gjpa FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fs; vtNuDk; Nrh;j;Jf;nfhs;s Ntz;ba mtrpak; cs;sjh 

vd gjpy; mspg;gthplk; Nfl;f Ntz;Lk;. mt;thW ,Uf;Fk;gl;rj;jpy; Gjpa cWg;gpdh;fs; 

gw;wpa tptuq;fis xd;wd;gpd; xd;whf if fzpdpapy; cs;sPL nra;a fzpdp 

,af;FgtUf;F njhptpf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,k;Kiwapy; midj;J FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fSk; 

Nrh;f;fg;gl;Ltpl;lduh? vd;gij gjpy; mspg;gthplk; cWjp nra;Jnfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 

tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fk; rhpghh;jypd;NghJ Fwpg;Giuf; fyj;jpy; gjpaNtz;bad: 

Nkw;fz;lthW if fzpdpapy; tptuq;fis cs;sPL nra;tNjhL tPl;Lg;gl;bay; 

RUf;fj;jpd; Fwpg;Giu fyk;-10 y; me;je;j FLk;gj;jpw;fhd thpirapy; FLk;g 

cWg;gpdh;fspd; epiyapid id fPo;fz;l Kiwg;gb gjpa Ntz;Lk;. 

10


FwpaPl;L vz; 

epiy 

1 njhlh;e;J trpf;fpwhh; 

2 Fbngah;e;J mNj fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; trpf;fpwhh; 

3 Fbngah;e;J fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpw;;F ntspNa nrd;Wtpl;lhh; 

4 ,we;Jtpl;lhh; 

5 Gjpa cWg;gpdh; Nrh;e;Js;shh; 

6 tPL G+l;bAs;sJ 

7 gjpy; mspf;f kWj;Jtpl;lhh; 

cjhuzk;:- 

;:- Njrpa kf;fs;njhif gjpNtl;bd;;gb 5 cWg;gpdh;fs; FLk;gj;jpy; 

trpj;Js;shh;fs;. mth;fspy; 3 egh;fs; njhlh;e;J mf;FLk;gj;jpy; trpf;fpd;wdh;. 

,Uth; mf;FLk;gj;jpypUe;J Fbngah;;e;J mNj fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; NtW xU 

,lj;jpy; trpf;fpd;wdh;. Gjpjhf xU cWg;gpdh; Nrh;e;Js;shh;. ,e;epiyapid Fwpg;Giu 

fyj;jpy; fPo;fz;lthW Fwpg;gpl Ntz;Lk;. 

fyk; -10 Fwpg;Giu 

FwpaPl;L vz; 

egh;fs; 

1 3 

2 2 

5 1 

tPl;L gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpd; gphpT -3 

,g;gphptpYk; gphpT-2 y; cs;sJ Nghd;W 1 Kjy; 10 fyq;fs; cs;sd. ,g;gphptpy; 

Kjy;fl;l fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ (tPLfs; fzf;nfLg;G) fhzg;glhkYk>; ,uz;lhtJ 

fl;l kf;fs;njhif fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ kl;Lk; fhzg;gl;l FLk;gq;fspd; gl;bay; 

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,t;thwhd FLk;gq;fSf;fhd tptuk; if fzpdpapy; cs;sPL 

nra;ag;gl;bUg;gjw;F tha;g;gpy;iy. vdNt fyk; 8-y; fz;Ls;s FLk;gj;jpd; njhlh; 

vz;iz fzpdpapy; cs;sPL nra;J mf;FLk;g tptuq;fis Vw;fdNt gjpT nra;j 

tifapy; (gphpT-2 y; fhzg;gLk; FLk;gj;jpd; cWg;gpdh;fspd; tptuq;fs;; gjpT nra;jijg; 

Nghd;W) if fzpdpapy; gjpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ,r;rkaj;jpYk; Fwpg;Giu (fyk;- 

10)apy; Nkw;nrhy;yg;gl;lJ Nghy; gjpag;glNtz;Lk;. 

,ijg;Nghd;Nw kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;gpd; ,uz;lhk; fl;lj;jpy; fhzg;glhky; 

,Ue;J jw;Nghija fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ mwpatUk; Gjpa FLk;gq;fisAk; tPl;Lg;gl;bay; 

RUf;fj;jpd; gphpT-3 y; gjpag;gl Ntz;Lk;. mjidj; njhlh;e;J if fzpdpapy; Gjpa 

FLk;gj;jpd; cWg;gpdh;fspd; tptuq;fis gjpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ,t;thW Gjpa 

FLk;gq;fis fzf;nfLg;gpw;Fs; nfhz;L tUk; tif fPNo tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 

r%f nghUshjhu kw;Wk; rhjp fzf;nfLg;gpy; Gjpa FLk;gq;fis fzf;fPL nra;jy;: 

jq;fSf;F nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s tPl;L gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpd; gphpT-3y; Vw;fdNt 

gl;bapyplg;gl;Ls;s tPLfs;/fl;llq;fs;/FLk;gq;fspd; Kbtpy; xU rptg;G epw NfhblTk;. 

Gjpa FLk;gq;fspd; / nrd;r]; tPLfspd; tptuq;fs; ,f;Nfhl;bw;F fPo;fz;Ls;s fyq;fspy; 

njhptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sthW gjpT nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

11


Kjyhtjhf gjpag;gLk; Gjpa FL;k;gj;jpw;F tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpy; 

gjpag;gl;Ls;s mjpfgl;rkhd vz;zpw;F mLj;j njhlh;vz;iz nfhLf;fTk;. cjhuzkhf 

tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpy; gjpag;gl;l filrp vz;.75 vd;W ,Uf;Fkhdhy; Kjyhtjhf 

gjpag;gLk; Gjpa FLk;gj;jpd; FLk;gj; njhlh; vz;.76 vd gjpa Ntz;Lk;. 

KjyhtJ Gjpa FLk;gj;jpw;fhd tptuq;fs; 

fyk;-2 

fyk;-3 

fyk;-4 

fyk;-5 

fyk;-6 

fyk;-7 

fyk;-8 

fyk;-10 

,g;gphptpw;F nghUe;jhJ 

fl;ll vz; 

nrd;r]; tPl;L vz; 

nrd;r]; tPl;bd; gad;ghL 

,g;gphptpw;F nghUe;jhJ 

FLk;gj; jiythpd; ngah; 

FLk;gj;jpd; njhlh; vz; gjpag;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,J if 

fzpdpapypUe;J ngwg;gLk;. ,e;j vz;iz if-fzpdpapy; ,Ue;J 

vLj;J gjpa Ntz;Lk; 

cWg;gpdh;fspd; epiyf;F jFe;j FwpaPl;L vz;fSld; Vw;fdNt 

tpsf;fg;gl;l tifapy; gjpag;gl Ntz;Lk; 

tPl;L gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpd; gphpT 4 

,uz;lhk; fl;l kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ fz;lwpag;gl;l tPlw;w 

FLk;gq;fspd; tptuq;fs; ,g;gphptpy; gl;bayplg;gl;Ls;sd. ,f;FLk;gq;fs; jw;Nghija 

fzf;nfLg;gpd;nghOJk; fhzg;glyhk; my;yJ fhzg;glhkYk; ,Uf;fyhk;. ,e;j 

egh;fSf;fhd tptuq;fs; if fzpdpapy; fhzg;glhJ. xUNtis jw;Nghija 

fzf;nfLg;gpd;;;;nghOJ mNj FLk;gk; fhzg;gLk; gl;rj;jpy; fyk;-6y; fz;Ls;s FLk;g 

njhlh; vz;iz if fzpdpapy;; cs;sPL nra;J ,ju FLk;g tptuq;fis Kiwahf 

gjpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;. mNj rkaj;jpy; tPl;Lg; gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpd; fyk; -7 (Fwpg;Giu)y; 

Vw;fdNt nrhy;yg;gl;lJ Nghd;W tptuq;fs; gjpag;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,izg;G VIy; 

tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpy; me;ehs;tiu rhpnra;tjw;fhd tpsf;fj;ijg; ghh;f;fTk;. 

r%f nghUshjhu kw;Wk; rhjp fzf;nfLg;gpy; 

FLk;gq;fis fzf;fPL nra;jy; 

Gjpa tPlw;w 

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpd; gFjp-4 y; Vw;fdNt 

gl;bayplg;gl;Ls;s tPlw;w FLk;gq;fspd; Kbtpy; xU rptg;G NfhblTk;. Gjpa tPlw;w 

FLk;gq;fspd; tptuq;fs; ,f;Nfhl;bw;F fPo; fyq;fspy; fPNo tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sthW 

gjpag;glNtz;Lk;. 

12


fyk;-2 

fyk;-3 

fyk;-4 

fyk;-5 

fyk;-6 

fyk;-7 

tPlw;w FLk;gk;; jq;fpAs;s ,lj;jpd; tptuk; 

FLk;gj;jiythpd; ngah; 

FLk;gj;jpYs;s Njhuhakhd egh;fspd; vz;zpf;if 

tPlw;w FLk;gkhdJ fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; / rg;-gpshf;fpy;, mjid 

fzf;nfLg;G nra;tjw;fhf eph;zapf;fg;gl;l ehl;fspy; 

fz;lwpag;gl;ljh vd;gij Fwpg;gplTk;. nghJthf> fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf; / rg;-gpshf;fpd; fsg;gzpapd; filrp rpy ehl;fspy;> tPlw;w 

FLk;gq;fspy; fzf;nfLg;G eilngWk; 

FLk;g njhlh; vz; gjpag;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,J ifapUg;G fUtpapy; 

,Ue;J ngwg;gl Ntz;Lk; 

Vw;fdNt tpsf;fg;gl;l tifapy; Fwpg;Giuapy; tptuq;fis gjpa 

Ntz;Lk. 

Nkw;fz;l tpsf;fq;fspd; mbg;gilapy;;> tPl;Lg;gl;baypd; RUf;fj;jpy; nghUj;jkhd 

xU gphptpy; tptuq;fisg; gjpT nra;Jk;> if fzpdpapy; FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fspd; 

tptuq;fis cs;sPL nra;ag;gl;lijj; njhlh;e;Jk>; jw;nghOJ fzf;nfLg;G 

ml;ltizapd;gbahd Nfs;tpfis gjpy; mspg;gthplk; Nfl;gjw;Fj; jahuha; cs;sPh;fs; 

vd;;;gjid epidtpy; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 

tpdhf;fis mwpKfk; nra;J gjpy; NfhUjy; 

• midj;J FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fsJ mbg;gil tptuq;fs; (ngah;;> ghypdk;> gpwe;j 

Njjp) if fzpdpapy; gjpag;gl;lJ cWjp nra;ag;gl;l gpd;;G cWg;gpdh; rk;ge;jg;gl;l 

tpdhf;fis> mNj thpirf;fpukj;jpy; xt;nthU cWg;gpdh; thhpahf Nfl;fg;gl;L 

mjw;fhd gjpy; if fzpdpapy;; gjpT nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

• midj;J FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fs; rk;ge;jkhd gjpy;fs; gjpT nra;ag;gl;l gpd;G 

xl;Lnkhj;j FLk;gj;jpw;fhd Nfs;tpfs; Nfl;fg;gl;L gjpy;fs; if fzpdpapy; 

gjpT nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

• fzf;nfLg;G ml;ltizapd;gbahf Nfl;fg;gl Ntz;ba Nfs;tpfSk; mtw;wpw;fhd 

tpsf;fq;fSk; mj;jpahak;-4y; njspthff; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 

• midj;J tptuq;fSk; gjpT nra;ag;gl;l gpd;G> if fzpdpapy; Njhd;Wk; njhFg;G 

tptuq;fis gjpy; mspj;jthplk; fhz;gpj;J mt;tptuq;fis cWjp nra;j gpd;G 

xg;Gif rPl;bid gjpa chpa xg;gk; ngwTk;. xUNtis gjpy; mspj;jth; 

fy;tpawpT ,y;yhjtuhfNth my;yJ if fzpdpapy; gjpTnra;ag;gl;l tptuq;fis 

ghh;f;f ,ayhjtuhfNth ,Uf;Fk; gl;rj;jpy;> mt;tptuq;fis gbj;J fhz;gpj;J 

cWjp nra;j gpd;Ng> xg;Gifr;rPl;by; ifnahg;gk; my;yJ ngUtpuy; Nuif 

ngwNtz;Lk;. 

13


xg;Gif rPl;L 

• cq;fsplk; NghJkhd vz;zpf;ifapyhd xg;Gif rPl;Lfs; mlq;fpa rpW Gj;jf 

fl;Lfs; ,Ug;gjid cWjpnra;aTk;. xt;nthU fl;bYk; me;j fl;bd; vz;Zk; 

xg;Gif rPl;by; rPl;L vz;Zk; mr;rplg;gl;Ls;sJ. 

• xg;Gif rPl;L Gj;jf; fl;Lfspd; ml;ilg; gf;fj;jpy; chpa tptuq;fis ftdkhf 

epug;gTk;. 

• xUNtis gjpyspg;gth; fy;tpawpT ,y;yhjtuhf ,Ue;jhy;> if fzpdpapy; 

gjpT nra;ag;gl;l tptuq;fis gbj;J fhz;gpj;J> cWjp nra;jgpd;> fzf;nfLg;ghsh; 

xg;Gifr;rPl;by; ifnahg;gkpl;L gpd;dh;. xg;Gifr;rPl;bd; gjpyspg;gthpd; gpujpia 

xt;nthU FLk;gj;jpw;Fk; toq;fNtz;Lk;. ngw;Wf;nfhz;ljw;F gjpyspg;ghpd; 

ifnahg;gk; /ifNuif> fzf;nfLg;ghshpd; gpujpapy; ngwg;glNtz;Lk;. 

xg;Gif 

rPl;by; fzf;nfLg;ghsuhYk; iffzpdp ,af;FgtuhYk; ifnahg;gkpl;L 

toq;Fk; cWjpnkhopfs;;: 

1. gjpyspg;gtuhy; mspf;fg;gl;l midj;J tptuq;fSk; rhpahf if fzpdpapy; 

cs;sPL nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ vd ehq;fs; cWjpaspf;fpNwhk;. gjpT nra;ag;gl;l 

midj;J tptuq;fSk; gjpyspg;gthplk; fhz;gpf;fg;gl;L/thrpf;fg;gl;L me;j 

tptuq;fs; mtuhy; rhpghh;f;fg;gl;lJ. 

2. jdpegh;/FLk;gk; rk;ge;jkhd kjk;> rhjp/goq;Fb gw;wpa tptuq;fs; ,ufrpakhf 

itf;fg;gLk;. mt;tptuq;fs; ntspaplg;glkhl;lJ. 

3. rhjp /goq;Fb gw;wpa tptuq;fs; gjpyspj;jtuhy; cWjp nra;ag;gl;lJ> Mdhy; 

mJNt rhjp/goq;Fb gw;wpa rhd;wpjo; ngWtjw;F ve;j chpikiaAk; toq;fhJ. 

gjpy; mspg;gtuhy; xg;Gif rPl;by; ifnahg;gkplg;gl;L toq;fg;gLk; cWjpnkhopfs;: 

1. vd;Dila mwptpw;Fk; ek;gpf;iff;Fk; vl;ba mstpy; ehd; fzf;nfLg;ghshplk; 

toq;fpa midj;J tptuq;fSk; cz;ikahditNa. 

2. gjpT nra;ag;gl;l tptuq;fis ehd; ghh;itapl;Nld;/tptuq;fs; vdf;F 

thrpj;Jf;fhl;lg;gl;lJ vdTk; mt;tptuq;fs; rhpahf gjpT nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ 

vdTk; cWjpaspf;fpNwd;. 

3. kjk; kw;Wk; rhjp/goq;Fb Kjypait Fwpj;J vd;dhy; toq;fg;gl;l tptuq;fs; 

mtw;wpw;fhd rhd;wpjo; ngWtjw;fhd> vt;tpj chpikiaAk; vdf;F toq;fhJ 

vd;gij mwpe;Jnfhz;Nld;. 

• kjk;>rhjp / goq;Fb tptuq;fs; jtpu ,ju jdpegh;/FLk;gk; rk;ge;jkhd tptuq;fs; 

midj;Jk; midtUk; mwpAk; tz;zk; ntspaplg;gLk; vd;gij ehd; mwpNtd;. 

14


mjw;fhd vdJ rk;kjj;jpid toq;Ffpd;Nwd;/vdJ rk;kjj;jpid toq;ftpy;iy. 

(nghUj;jkpy;yhjitia mbj;JtplTk;)*NkYk; vd; FLk;gk; njhlh;ghd 

tptuq;fis ntspapLtjw;F rk;kjk; mspf;fhjjhy;> gy;NtW jpl;lq;fspd; 

fPo;> murhy; toq;fg;gLk; eyj;jpl;l cjtpfisg; ngWtjw;F vd;id ghprPyidf;F 

vLj;Jf;nfhs;sg;glkhl;lhJ vd;gjid ehd; mwpNtd; (nghUe;jhjij 

mbj;JtplTk;). 

• Nkw;fz;l tptuq;fis gjpyspg;gthplkpUe;J xg;Gif rPl;by; ifnahg;gk; ngWtjw;F 

Kd;dh; jtwhky; gbj;J fhl;b mjd; tptuq;fis tpsf;fpl Ntz;Lk;. 

• xg;Gifr; rPl;bd; gpd;Gwj;jpy; FLk;gj;jpYs;s midj;J cWg;gpdh;fspd; ngah;fs; 

kw;Wk; mth;fsJ ghypdk; Fwpg;gplg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;gij ftdj;jpy; nfhs;s 

Ntz;Lk;. 

• gjpyspj;jth; xg;Gifr; rPl;by; ifnahg;gkpl my;yJ ngUtpuy; Nuif gjpT 

nra;a kWj;jhy; ‘ifnahg;gkpl kWj;Jtpl;lhh;” vd mjpy; gjpag;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

• gjpyspj;jtuhy; midj;J tptuq;fSk; rhpghh;f;fg;gl;L> xg;Gifr; rPl;by; 

ifnahg;gkpl;l gpwNf if fzpdpapy; cs;s tptuq;fs; Nrkpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

NkYk; ifnahg;gk; ,lkWf;Fk; gl;rj;jpy;> if fzpdpapy; ifnahg;gkpl 

kWj;Jtpl;lhh; vd cs;sPL nra;ag;gl;L mjd; gpwNf tptuq;fs; Nrkpf;fg;gl 

Ntz;Lk;. ,t;thwhd epfo;thdJ Nkw;ghh;itahshpd; ftdj;jpw;F nfhz;L 

nry;yg;gl;L cWjp nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ Kf;fpakhf ftdpf;f Ntz;bait 

1. fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; cs;s xt;nthU tPl;bw;Fk; nrd;W fzf;nfLg;G Nfs;tp 

ml;ltiziag; gw;wp nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;. 

2. gjpyspg;gtuhy; mspf;fg;gLk; tptuq;fs; mt;thNw vLj;Jf;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

mth; mspf;Fk; tptuq;fis cWjp nra;tjw;fhf MjhuNkh/ MtzNkh 

Nfhuf;$lhJ. ePq;fs; Nfs;tpfisf; Nfl;L ngwg;gLk; gjpy;fis fzpdp ,af;Fgth; 

if fzpdpapy; rhpahdgbahf cs;sPL nra;tij cWjp nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

3. xU Ntis gjpy; mspg;gth; nfhLf;Fk; tptuq;fspd; VNjDk; jtwhf ,Uf;Fk; 

vd ePq;fs; epidj;jhy;> mjd;nghUl;L mthplk; rh;r;irapy; 

fzf;nfLf;fg;gl;ljw;F 6 kzp Neuj;jpw;Fs; gjpT nra;J cq;fsJ 

Nkw;ghh;itahsUf;F njhpag;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. ,J gpd;dh; Nkw;ghh;itahsuhy; 

rhpghh;f;fg;gLk;. 

4. gjpyspg;gth; mf;FLk;gj;ijr; rhuhjtuhf ,Ue;jhy; mthplkpUe;J ve;jnthU 

tptuKk; ngwf;$lhJ. 

15


5. $Lkhdtiu taJ te;j FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fsplkpUe;J tptuq;fs; Nrfhpf;fg;gl 

Ntz;Lk;. 

6. xU FLk;gk; njhptpj;j tptuq;fis kw;wth;fSlNdh mLj;j fzf;nfLg;G 

FLk;gj;JlNdh fye;J NgRtNjh kw;wth;fSf;F njhptpg;gNjh $lhJ. 

7. ml;ltizapy; cs;s midj;J Nfs;tpfSf;Fk; xt;nthd;whf gjpy; ngw;W 

gjpyspg;gth; mspf;Fk; gjpypid kl;Lk; cs;sPL nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ve;;j xU 

gjpypidAk; ePq;fshf Cfpf;ff;$lhJ. mijg;NghyNt mbnaLj;Jf; nfhLg;gNjh> 

topfhl;L Kiwapy; my;yJ fUj;ij J}z;Lk; tpjkhf Nfs;tpfs; Nfl;gNjh 

$lhJ. ,Ug;gpDk; Kiwahf Ngrp ,f;fzf;nfLg;gpd;; Nfhl;ghLfs; kw;Wk; 

tpsf;fq;fspd; mbg;gilapy; gjpypidg; ngw Ntz;Lk;. 

8. vg;nghOJk;; gjpy; mspg;gth; ve;j ghypdj;ij rhh;e;jtuhf ,Ue;jhYk; xU gf;f 

rhh;G ,y;yhky; ml;;ltizapy; cs;s Nfs;tpfs; Nfl;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; 

,f;fzf;nfLg;gpy; ngz; xUth; jdJ FLk;gkhdJ jd;id jiytuhf 

nfhz;bUg;gjhf njhptpf;Fk;gl;rj;jpy;> mt;thNw gjpT nra;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 

9. xU FLk;gj;jpy; gjpy; mspg;gth; midj;J Nfs;tpfSf;Fk; gjpy; mwpe;jplhky; 

,Uf;fyhk;. mt;thwhd rkaj;jpy; mtiu mt;tptuj;jpid mwpe;Js;s FLk;g 

cWg;gpdNuhL fye;J NgRtjw;F Cf;fg;gL;;j;jyhk;. 

10. vg;nghOJk; gjpy; mspg;gthpd; trjpapid epidtpy; nfhs;sNtz;Lk;. xU 

ehspy; FLk;gj;jpdh;fis re;jpg;gjw;F trjpahd Neuk; vJntd mwpe;J me;j 

Neuq;fspy; mth;fis nrd;W re;jpf;f Ntz;Lk;. 

fzf;nfLg;gpw;Fgpd; filgpbf;f Ntz;bait 

1. xU fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; fzf;nfLg;gpid Kbj;jTld; ePq;fs; gjpT nra;j 

midj;J tptuq;fSk; nghWg;G ika rh;thpy; cs;sPL nra;ag;gLtij cWjp 

nra;aTk;. mjw;fhf rk;ke;jg;gl;l nghWg;G mYtyhpd; ifnahg;gk; ,lg;gl;l 

xg;Gifr; rPl;bid ngw;Wf;nfhs;sTk;. 

2. cq;fSf;F NkYk; $Ljyhf fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; xJf;fPL nra;ag;gl;bUf;Fk; 

gl;rj;jpy; Muk;gk; Kjy; nrhy;yg;gl;l midj;J eltbf;iffSk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl 

Ntz;Lk;. xt;nthU fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpw;Fk; jdpj;jdpahf Njitahd 

Mtzq;fs; jahh; nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

3. cq;fSf;F xJf;fPL nra;ag;gl;l midj;J fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;FfspYk; 

fzf;nfLg;Gg; gzp Kbtile;jTld; rk;ge;jg;gl;l nghWg;G mYtyhplk; ,Ue;J 

gzp tpLg;G Miz ngw;Wf;nfhs;sTk;. 

mLj;j mj;jpahaj;jpy; efu ml;ltizia g+h;j;jp nra;tjw;fhd Nfhl;ghLfs;> 

tpsf;fq;fs; gw;wpa tptuq;fs; tpsf;fg;gLk;. 

16


mj;jpahak; -3 

Nfhl;ghLfSk; tpsf;fq;fSk; 

fzf;nfLg;gpw;fhd ml;ltizapy; gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;s nrhw;fSf;fhd njspthd 

kw;Wk; rhpahd nghUspidf; fzf;nfLg;ghsh;> fzpdp ,af;Fgth; kw;Wk; Nkw;ghh;itahsh; 

mwpaNtz;baJ mtrpakhFk;. fzf;nfLg;gpw;F nry;tjw;F Kd;ghf fPo;fz;l 

tpsf;fq;fis ed;F njhpe;J nfhs;sNtz;Lk;. 

1. Gjpa fl;llq;fSf;F ,yf;fkpLjy;: r%f nghUshjhu kw;Wk; rhjpf;fzf;nfLg;gpd; 

nghOJ my;yJ mjw;F Kd;Ng tPl;L ,yf;fk; ,lg;gl;l fl;llq;fSf;F eLNt 

Gjpa fl;llk; Njhd;wpapUg;gpd; mjw;F Gjpa vz; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. me;j vz; 

mUfpYs;s fl;llj;jpd; cg vz;zhf ,Uf;Fk;. cjhuzkhf fl;ll vz; 

10f;Fk; 11f;Fk; ,ilNa xU fl;llk; te;jpUe;jhy; 10/1 vd;W ,yf;fkpl Ntz;Lk;. 

,e;j Gjpa fl;llq;fSf;F 10(1) my;yJ 10(2) vd;W vz;fs; ,lf;$lhJ. ,t;thW 

milg;G Fwpf;Fs; NghFk; vz;fs; xU fl;llj;jpw;Fs; cs;s nrd;r]; 

tPLfSf;Fj;jhd; nghUe;Jk;. khwhf 10/1 vd;gJ fl;ll vz; 10-f;F gpwF te;j 

Gjpa fl;llj;ij Fwpg;gjhFk;. 

2. fpuhkk;/efuk;: 

fzf;nfLg;gpy; rpy fpuhkq;fs;/fpuhkg; gFjpfs; nrd;r]; lTd;/ 

Ntfkhf tsh;e;Js;s gFjpfs; (Out Growth) vd miof;fg;gl;lJ. mt;thwhd 

gFjpfs; midj;Jk; ,f;fzf;nfLg;gpy; fpuhkq;fshfNt vLj;Jf;nfhs;sg;gl 

Ntz;Lk;. ,f;fzf;nfLg;gpy; ,uz;L ml;ltizfs; (fpuhkk; /efuk;) gad;gLj;jg;gl 

cs;sJ. efuj;jpw;fhd ml;ltizahdJ mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;l (statuatory) 

efug;gFjpfSf;F kl;Lk; gad;gLj;jg;gl cs;sJ. kw;w gFjpfs; midj;Jk; 

fpuhkg;gFjpfshf fzf;nfLg;Gr; nra;a Ntz;Lk;. vdNt fzf;nfLg;gpw;F 

nghUj;jkhd ml;ltiziaNa gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. Njrpa kf;fs;njhif 

gjpNtl;by; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s FwpaPl;L vz;fNs ,f;fzf;nfLg;gpYk; gad;gLj;jg;gl 

cs;sJ. 

3. FLk;gk;: rhjhuzkhf nghJ rikayiwapy; jahhpf;fg;gLk; czit cl;nfhz;L 

(mtru Ntiy fhuzkhf rpyrkak; mJ Kbahky; Nghfyhk;) Nrh;e;J trpf;Fk; 

egh;fs; mlq;fpaJ. xU FLk;gk; vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk;. xU FLk;gj;jpYs;s 

egh;fs; cwtpdh;fshfNth> cwtw;wth;fshfNth my;yJ ,uz;Lk; 

Nrh;e;jth;fshfNth ,Uf;fyhk;. xd;W Nrh;e;J tho;gth;fspy; FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fs; 

ahh>; ahh; vd;gjid ,Wjp nra;tJ me;j FLk;g jiytuJ KbT vd;whYk; xU 

FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fis KbT nra;tjw;F fPo;fz;l topKiwfis filg;gpbf;fyhk;. 

• rpy rkaq;fspy; ,uz;L FLk;gj;jpdh; xNu rikay; miwiag; gad;gLj;jp> 

jdpj;jdpahf jq;fsJ Njitf;F jFe;jhw;Nghy; 

rikj;Jf;nfhs;thh;fNsahdhy; ,e;epfo;tpy; mtw;wpid jdpj;jdp FLk;gkhf 

fUjNtz;Lk;. xNu rkayiwiag; gad;gLj;Jtjhy; kl;Lk; me;j ,uz;L 

FLk;gq;fisAk; xNu FLk;gkhf fUj ,ayhJ. 

• nghJthf xU FLk;gj;jpy; cs;s egh;fs; cwtpdh;fshf ,Ug;ghh;fs;. 

• xU FLk;gj;jpd; cWg;gpdh;fis KbTnra;Ak;nghJ nghJ rikayiw/ 

nghJthd rikay; vd;gjidtpl> nghJthf egh;fs; xd;W Nrh;e;J tho;tjid 

mbg;gilahf; nfhz;L KbT nra;aNtz;Lk;. 

17


• rpy rkaq;fspy; FLk;gj;jpw;fhd tpsf;fj;ij mg;gbNa nghUj;jpg; ghh;g;gJ 

rpukkhf ,Uf;Fk;. cjhuzkhf xU nrd;r]; tPl;by; xU egh; czT 

rikj;Njh my;yJ rikf;fhkNyh trpj;J te;jhYk; mtiu xU 

FLk;gkhfj;jhd; fUj Ntz;Lk;. 

• mijg;NghyNt xU fztDk; kidtpAk; my;yJ cwtpdh;fslq;fpa egh;fs; 

xU tPl;by; trpj;J> mth;fs; VNjh xU fhuzj;jpw;fhf tPl;bw;F ntspapypUe;J 

tUk; czit cl;nfhz;lhYk; mth;fis xU FLk;gkhf fUj Ntz;Lk;. 

• xU FLk;gj;jpy; cs;s ngz; cWg;gpdh; vtNuDk; jd;id jdpf;FLk;gkhf 

fUjNtz;Lk; vd tpUg;gk; njhptpj;jhy; mtiu jdpf;FLk;gkhfg; gjpT 

nra;aNtz;Lk;. tpjitfs;> fztidg; gphpe;J trpg;gth;fs;> ,uz;lhtJ 

kidtp> jdpahf trpf;Fk; ngz; Nghd;Nwhh; jdp FLk;gkhf jq;fis 

njhptpf;ff;$Lk;. 

• xU FLk;gj;Jld; rhjhuzkhf trpj;JtUk; Ntiyf;fhuh;fs;> gzk; nrYj;jp 

cld; FbapUg;gth;fs;> gzpahl;fs; Nghd;Nwhh; mth;fs; Nrh;e;J trpj;JtUk; 

FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fSld; czT cl;nfhz;L te;jhYk; mth;fis me;j 

FLk;gj;jpd; cWg;gpduhf fUjf;$lhJ. ,f;fzf;nfLg;gpy; mth;fis 

jdpf;FLk;gkhff; fUjp mth;fis fzf;nfLg;G nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

4. FLk;gj;jpd; tiffs;: nghJthf rhjhuzf; FLk;gq;fs;> epiyaf;FLk;gq;fs; kw;Wk; 

tPlw;w FLk;gq;fs; vd %tiff; FLk;gq;fisf; fhzyhk;. 

(m) rhjhuzf; FLk;gk;: rhjhuzkhf xU nghJ rikayiwapy; jdpahf czit 

jahhpj;J cl;nfhz;L (mtru Ntiy fhuzkhf rpyrkak; mJ Kbahky; Nghfyhk;) 

Nrh;e;J trpf;Fk; egh;fs; mlq;fpaJ rhjhuzf; FLk;gk; vdg;gLk;. 

• rhjhuzf; FLk;gj;jpy; cs;s egh;fs; cwtpdh;fshfNth> cwtw;wth;fshfNth 

my;yJ ,t;tpU tifapduhfTk; ,Uf;fyhk;. mNj rkak; epiyaf; 

FLk;gj;jpy; cs;sth;fs; cwtw;wth;fs; Mth;. rhjhuz FLk;gj;jpw;Fk; 

epiyaf; FLk;gj;jpw;Fk; cs;s kw;nwhU NtWghL rhjhuz FLk;gj;jpYs;sJ 

Nghypy;yhky; epiyaf; FLk;gq;fspy; xU epiyaj;jpy; trpg;gth;fs; kl;LNk 

mlq;Fth;. 

(M) epiyaf;-FLk;gk;: cwtw;w egh;fs; xd;W Nrh;e;J FOthf> xU nghJ 

rikayiwapy; jahhpf;fg;gLk; czit cl;nfhz;L> xU ,lj;jpy; trpj;J te;jhy; 

me;j cwtw;w egh;fs; mlq;fpa FO epiyaf; FLk;gk; vdg;gLk;. 

• czT tpLjpfs;> cztfq;fs;> jq;Fk; tpLjpfs;> jq;Fk; trjpAila Xl;ly;fs;> 

fhg;gfq;fs;> fz;fhzpg;G ,y;yq;fs;> gpr;irf;fhuh;fSf;fhd tpLjp> rpiwr;rhiy> 

Mrpukq;fs;> KjpNahh; ,y;yq;fs;> rpWth; fhg;gfk;> mdhij ,y;yq;fs; Nghd;wit 

‘epiyaf; FLk;gq;fSf;F’ cjhuzkhFk;. 

• xU fl;llj;jpy; xU epiyaf; FLk;gk; ,Ue;J mq;Fs;s fhg;ghsh;> gzpahs;> 

Jg;GwTj;njhopyhsh; Nghd;Nwhh;> mNj fl;llj;jpy; jdpj;jdp tPLfspy; trpj;J> 

mth;fSf;fhd czitj; jhNk jahh; nra;J nfhs;thh;fNsahdhy; mk;khjphpahd 

FLk;gq;fs; xt;nthd;Wk; jdpj;jdp FLk;gkhfTk;> mth;fs; jq;fpAs;s tPLfs; 

jdpj;jdp nrd;r]; tPLfshfTk; fUjg;gLk;. 

18


• rpiwr;rhiyfs;> gjpT nra;ag;gl;l cztfq;fs;> kUj;Jt kidfs;> khzth; 

tpLjpfs; Nghd;w epiyaf; FLk;gq;fspy;> FWfpa/ePz;l fhy mstpy; 

trpg;gth;fis me;je;j epiyaf; FLk;gq;fspd; cWg;gpdh;fshfNt nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 

mth;fis mth;fsJ FLk;gj;jpdh; trpf;Fk; ,lj;jpy; gjpT nra;jy; $lhJ. 

• ,e;j r%f nghUshjhu kw;Wk; rhjp fzf;nfLg;gpy;> midj;J epiya 

FLk;gq;fisAk; fzf;nfLf;f Ntz;Lk;. epiyaf;FLk;gq;fspy; trpg;gth;fis> 

mth;fspd; FLk;gq;fs; vq;F trpf;fpwNjh mq;F fzf;nfLf;fhky; mth;fs; 

jq;fpapUf;Fk; epiyaf; FLk;gq;fspNyNa fzf;nfLf;f Ntz;Lk;. 

(,) tPlw;w FLk;gk;: fl;llq;fs; my;yJ nrd;r]; tPLfspy; trpf;fhky; jpwe;jntsp 

my;yJ rhiyNahuq;fs;> eilghijfs;> nghpa Foha;fs;> Nkk;ghyq;fs;/gbf;fl;Lfspd; 

fPo; kw;Wk; topghl;Lj;jyq;fspd; mUfpy; cs;s jpwe;j ntspfs;> kz;lgq;fs;> 

uapy;Nt gpshl;ghuq;fs; Nghd;w ,lq;fspy; trpf;Fk; FLk;gq;fs;> tPlw;w FLk;gq;fshFk;. 

,t;thwhd tPlw;w FLk;gq;fis> fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ mth;fs; jq;fpapUf;Fk; 

,lq;fspNyNa mjw;nfd xJf;fg;gl;l ehspy;/ehl;fspy;> fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpw;Fs;/ 

Jiz fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpw;Fs; ,f;fzf;nfLg;G nra;a Ntz;Lk;. tPlw;w FLk;gj;jpid 

fzf;nfLg;G nra;Ak;nghOJ ,ul;bg;ghf fzf;;nfLf;fTk; tha;g;G Vw;glyhk;. 

,f;fzf;nfLg;gpy; tPLfs; kw;Wk; FbapUg;G trjpfs; rk;ge;jkhd tpdhf;fis Nfl;f 

Ntz;ba mtrpak; ,y;iy. 

5. FLk;gj;jpd; cWg;gpdh;fshf gjpT nra;jpl jFjpahd egh;fs:;- 

• nghJthf xd;whf Nrh;e;JthOk; midtiuAk; FLk;gj;jpd; cWg;gpdh;fshfg; 

gjpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

• nghJthf> FLk;gj;NjhL Nrh;e;J tho;gtuhf ,Ue;Jk; jw;fhypfkhf Fbngah;e;J 

NtW ,lj;jpy; trpg;gtuhf ,Ue;Jk;> fzf;nfLg;Gfhyj;jpy; ,Ue;J 6 khj 

fhyj;jpw;Fs; tPL jpUk;Ggtuhf ,Ue;jhy>; mtiu FLk;g cWg;gpduhff; 

nfhs;sNtz;Lk;. 

• FLk;gj; jiyth; fle;j xU tUlj;jpy; 6 khjq;fSf;F Nky; FLk;gj;Jld; 

trpf;fhky; ntspapy; trpg;gtuhf ,Ue;jhy; mtuJ jdpegh; tptuq;fis 

ml;ltizapd; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;-Dy; gjpT nra;jy; $lhJ. ,Ug;gpDk; 

fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; trpf;fhky; NtW ,lq;fspy; trpf;Fk; ehl;Lg;ghJfhg;G 

gzp / Para-Military gzpapy; mth;fsJ FLk;g 

cWg;gpdh;fshfNt fzf;fpl Ntz;Lk;. 

• nrhj;Jf;fs;> epy cilik> FLk;g tUkhdk; (Nfs;tp ml;ltizapd; fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;-E y; Fwpg;gpLk; nghOJ) Kjypatw;iw fzf;fPL nra;Ak; nghOJ> 

FLk;gj;jiytuhy; cilikahf;fg;gl;l nrhj;Jf;fSld;> FLk;gj;jpd; 

nrhj;Jf;fisAk; Nrh;j;J fzf;fPL nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzkhf nrd;idapy; 

FLk;gj;jiyth; gzp nra;J nghJthf mq;NfNa jq;fpf;nfhs;fpwhh;. mtuJ 

FLk;gk; Nfhak;Gj;J}hpy;; trpj;J tUfpd;wJ. FLk;gj; jiyth; mhpjhf 

Nfhak;Gj;J}Uf;F te;Jnry;fpwhh; vd;w epfo;tpy; ,f;fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ> mth; 

nrd;idapy; kl;Lk; fzf;fPL nra;ag;gLthh;. Mdhy; ,tuJ tUkhdk;> nrhj;Jf;fs;> 

19

; ; 

r_f-bghUshjhu k‰W« rhÂ fz¡bfL¥ò - 2011 ef®òu« 

epy clik Kjypad Nfhak;Gj;J}hpy; trpf;Fk; FLk;gj;jpdUf;Fk; 

vLj;Jf;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

• nghJthf Foe;ijfs;> Nguf;Foe;ijfs;> fztd;/kidtp> rNfhjuh;/ rNfhjhp 

my;yJ ,JNghd;w FLk;gj; jiythpd; neUq;fpa cwtpdh;; midtUk; 

FLk;gj;jpdhpd; ,ay;ghd cWg;gpdh;fshf vLj;Jf;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy; 

mth;fspy; vtNuDk; fle;j xU tUlj;jpy; 6 khjq;fSf;F Nkyhf tpLjp Nghd;w 

ntspaplq;fspy; jq;fpapUj;jy; $lhJ. 

6. FLk;gj;jpd; cWg;gpdh;fshf gjpT nra;a jFjpaw;wth;fs; 

• jw;fhypfkhf xU FLk;gj;jpw;F tUifGhpe;j ghh;itahsh; /tpUe;jpdh; mf;FLk;gj;jpy;; 

fle;j xU tUlj;jpy; 6 khjj;jpw;F Fiwthf jq;fpapUj;jy;. 

• xU FLk;gj;jpy; ,Ue;J jpUkzk;> Ntiytha;;g;G Nghd;w fhuzq;fshy; epue;jukhf 

Fbngah;e;J/FLk;gj;ij tpl;L ntspNawp> vg;NghjhtJ te;J nry;gth;fs;. 

• tPl;bNyNa jq;fp gzpahw;Wk; gzpahs;> Ntiyf;fhuh;> gzk; nfhLj;J jq;Fk; 

tpUe;jpdh; (FLk;gj;jpdNuhL md;whlk; czT cl;nfhs;Sk; epiyapYk;) ,ay;ghf 

FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fshf vLj;Jf;nfhs;s tha;gpy;yhjth;fs; ;; Mth;. 

7. FLk;gj; jiyth; 

FLk;gj; jiyth; vd;gth;> tof;fkhf mf;FLk;gj;jpdNuhL trpg;gth; Mthh;. 

rpy re;jh;gq;fspy; mth; FLk;gj;Jld; tof;fkhf trpg;gtuhf ,y;yhjtuhfTk; ,Ug;ghh;. 

(cjhuzk;: FLk;gj; jiyth; vd;W nrhy;yg;gLgth; Ntiyf;fhf fle;j xU tUlj;jpy; 

6 khjj;jpw;F Nkyhf mUfpy; cs;s efuj;jpw;F Fbngah;e;J thuj;jpd; ,Wjpapy; 

te;J nry;gtuhf ,Uj;jy;). ,t;thwhd epfo;tpy; ,ju FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fspd; tha; 

nkhopahd cWjp ngw;W mtiu FLk;gj; jiytuhf vLj;Jf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 

‘epiyaf;-FLk;gj;;ij’ nghUj;jtiu> me;epiyaj;jpy; gzp nra;Jnfhz;L Mdhy; 

epiya cWg;gpdh;fSld; trpf;fhj epiyaj;jpd; jiyth; ,Ug;gpDk; mtiu epiya 

cWg;gpduhf/Kjyhtjhf FLk;gj; jiytuhf vLj;Jf;nfhs;sf; $lhJ. ,t;thwhd 

epfo;tpy; me;epiyaj;jpy; trpg;gjhf fUjg;gLk; egiu epiyaf;FLk;g jiytuhf 

fzf;fPL nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

• xU FLk;g cWg;gpdh; mf;FLk;gj;jpdNuhL czT cl;nfhz;L Mdhy; tPl;by; 

,ltrjp ,y;yhikapdhy; NtW xU ,lj;jpy; (fil my;yJ NtWtPl;bd; miwapy;) 

,utpy; J}q;FgtuhdhYk; mtiu mtUila FLk;gj;jpd; cWg;gpduhf fzf;nfLf;f 

Ntz;Lk;. 

• xU FLk;g cWg;gpdh; ehs;NjhWk; czit ntspapy; cz;L (tptrhaf; $ypf;F 

rk;gsj;Jld; toq;fg;gLk; kjpa czT) Mdhy; FLk;gj;Jld; trpj;J tUgtuhf 

,Ug;gpd;> FLk;gj;Jld; trpg;gth; vd;w Kf;fpaj;Jtj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; mth; 

mf;FLk;gj;jpd; cWg;gpduhf fUjg;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

• xU FLk;gkhdJ ngz; cWg;gpdh; xUtiu jiytuhf nfhz;bUf;fyhk;. 

mf;FLk;gj;jpy; FLk;gj;jiyth; ahh; vd;gij Nfl;lwpe;J mjd;gb fzf;fPL 

nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. fzf;nfLg;ghsh; jhkhfNt FLk;gj;jpd; jiyth; Mz; 

cWg;gpdh;jhd; vd;W Cfpj;Jf;nfhs;sf; $lhJ. 

20


8. bjhêš / elto¡if 

Ntiy nra;gth;fis (Worker) nghWj;jtiuapy; mth;fs; nra;Ak; njhopiy 

gjpT nra;aTk;> Ntiy nra;athjth;fis nghWj;jtiuapy; (Non worker) mth;fspd; 

eltbf;iffis gjpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ,itfs; tzpfk;> ifj;njhopy>; tpahghuk;> 

tPl;LNtiy> khzth; Nghd;witahf ,Uf;fyhk;. 

9. khw;Wj;jpwd; (cly; Cdk;); 

); 

khw;Wj;jpwd; vd;gJ> rhjhuz kdpjid xg;gpLk;nghOJ Mw;wy; Fiwthd 

epiyia nfhz;Ls;s xU jdpegNuhL njhlh;GgLj;jg;gLtjhFk;. ,it fz;ghh;itapy;> 

Nfl;gjpy;> NgRtjpy;. mirtpy;> %is tsh;r;rpapd;ik> kdNeha; kw;Wk; gpw tif 

khw;Wj; jpwd;fs; vd gy tifapy; cs;sd. 

10. ehs;gl;l tpahjp 

mjpf ehl;fs; ePbj;jpUf;Fk; my;yJ kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; tUk; gytPdg;gLj;Jk; tpahjp 

11. trpf;Fk; miw 

trpg;gjw;fhd xU miw vd;gJ EiothapYld; Rth;fs; kw;Wk; $iuAld; xU 

egh; gLf;f NghJkhd ePs mfyq;fs; cilajhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. mjhtJ> xU 

FLk;gk; J}q;Ftjw;F VJthf gad;gLj;Jk; miw ve;jtpj Fiwe;j msT ePs mfyq;fs; 

,y;yhkYk; ,Uf;fyhk;. 

trpf;Fk; miw vd;gjpy; gLf;if miw> cztUe;Jk; miw. tuNtw;G miw 

gzpahl;fs; miw kw;Wk; Gof;fj;jpYs;s miwfs; mlq;Fk;. rikay; miw Fspayiw> 

foptiw> rhkhd;fs; miw> eilghij kw;Wk; tuhz;lh Nghd;w trpf;f gad;gLj;jhj 

,itfis> trpf;Fk; miwfspy; Nrh;f;f$lhJ. xU miw cl;fhUtjw;Fk;. rhg;gpLtjw;Fk; 

kw;Wk; rikg;gjw;Fk; Mf gy cgNahfq;fSf;F gad;gLNkahdhy; mijAk; trpf;Fk; 

miwahf vLj;Jf;nfhs;sTk;. thfd miw kw;Wk; gzpahl;fs; jq;Fkplk;> gzpahsh; 

xUtuhy; cgNahfgLj;jg;gl;L mjpy; mth; jdpf;FLk;gkhf trpj;J te;jhy; mij 

gzpahl;fspd; FLk;gj;jpd; trpf;Fk; miwahf vLj;Jf; nfhs;sTk;. 

kf;fs; trpf;f$ba $k;G tbtkhd Fbirfs; my;yJ $lhuq;fis xUth; 

vjph;nfhs;sf;$Lk;. ,e;j khjphpahd tof;fj;jpw;F khwhd FbapUg;Gfspy; miwf;F 

ehd;F Rth;fs; ,Uf;fhJ. Mifahy; Nkw;fz;l nrd;r]; tPl;bw;fhd tpsf;fq;fs; 

fz;bg;ghf ,j;jifa fl;llq;fSf;F nghUe;jhJ. cz;ikapy; $k;G tbt Fbir 

my;yJ $lhuj;jpd; $iu Rtuhf gad;gLk; epiyapy; jiuia njhl;lthW ,Uf;Fk;. 

,e;j epiyfspy; Fbir my;yJ $lhuj;ij xU miwahf fUjTk;. ,j;jifa $k;G 

tbt Fbirfs; my;yJ $lhuj;ij ve;j FLk;gkhtJ trpg;gjw;F gad;gLj;jpdhy; 

mij trpf;Fk; miwahf fUj Ntz;Lk;. 

FbapUg;G my;yhj kw;w gad;ghl;bw;F gad;gLj;jg;gLk; miwia trpf;Fk; 

miwahf gjpa Ntz;lhk;. xU trpf;Fk; miwahdJ xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l FLk;gq;fspd; 

cgNahfj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy; mij> ve;j FLk;gj;jpd; fzf;fpYk; vLj;Jf;nfhs;sf;$lhJ. 

mjhtJ xU FLk;gj;jpw;F kl;LNk cs;s trpf;Fk; miwfis khj;jpuk; fzf;fpy; 

vLj;Jf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzkhf ,uz;L FLk;gq;fs; tPl;by; cs;s xNu xU 

miwia gfph;e;J nfhz;lhy; ve;j xU FLk;gj;jpw;Fk; gpuj;Nahfkhf trpf;Fk; miw 

21


fpilahJ. ,e;epiyapy; ,jw;Fhpa fyj;jpy; ‘o’ vd ,uz;L FLk;gq;fSf;Fk; gjpa 

Ntz;Lk;. ,uz;L FLk;gq;fs; xt;nthd;Wk; xU jdp trpf;Fk; miwia 

gad;gLj;jpf;nfhz;Lk;. NkYk;> me;j FLk;gq;fs; ,d;ndhU miw gfph;e;J nfhz;lhy; 

me;j nghJthd miw ve;j FLk;gj;jpw;Fk; Nrh;j;Jf;nfhs;sf;$lhJ. 

12. iftplg;gl;l ngz;fs; 

iftplg;gl;l ngz;fs; kw;Wk; FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fSlNdh. my;yJ 

cwtpdh;fSlNdh Nrh;e;J trpj;jhy; mtiu jdpf;FLk;gkhf fUjhky; xU FLk;g 

cWg;gpduhf fUjTk;. Mdhy; mtuJ epiy jpUkz epiy> vd;w Nfs;tpapy; gpujpgypf;f 

Ntz;Lk;. 

13. vOjg;gbf;fj; njhpe;jth; 

xU egh; VO taJk; mjw;F Nky; cs;stuhfTk;. VjhtJ xU nkhopapy; 

Ghpe;Jnfhz;L gbf;fTk; kw;Wk; vOjTk; njhpe;jpUe;jhy; mth; vOj gbf;fj; njhpe;jth; 

Mthh;. xUth; gbf;f kl;LNk njhpAk; Mdhy; vOj njhpahJ vd $wpdhy;> mth; 

vOjg;gbf;fj; njhpahjth; Mthh;. xUth; vOjg;gbf;fj; njhpe;jth; vd;gjw;F mth; 

Kiwahf fy;tp fw;wpUf;f Ntz;Lk; my;yJ Fiwe;j gl;r fy;tp Njh;r;rp ngw;wpUf;f 

Ntz;Lnkd Njitapy;iy. vOj;jwpTepiy vd;gJ KjpNahh;;fy;tp %ykhfNth. my;yJ 

Kiwrhuhf;fy;tp Kiwapd; %ykhfNth ngw ,aYk;. fz;ghh;itaw;w egh;fs; g;iuyp 

(Braille) Kiwapy; gbf;fj; njhpe;jpUe;jhy; mth;fs; fy;tp fw;wth; vd;Nw fUjg;gLgth;. 

14. vOjg;gbf;fj; njhpahjth; 

xUth; ve;j nkhopapyhtJ vOjTk; kw;Wk; gbf;fTk; njhpahjth; vOjg;gbf;fj; 

njhpahjth; Mthh;. gbf;f kl;Lk; njhpe;J vOj ,ayhtpl;lhYk; mtiuAk; vOjg;gbf;fj; 

njhpahjtuhf fUj Ntz;Lk;. MWtaJk;> mjw;F Fiwe;j taJila gs;sp nry;Yk; 

Foe;ijfs; gbf;f kw;Wk; vOj njhpe;jpUe;jhYk; vOjgbf;f njhpahjth; vd gjpa Ntz;Lk;. 

15. Cjpak;



r_f - bghUshjhu k‰W« rhÂ fz¡bfL¥ò - 2011 

(ef®òu nfŸé m£ltiz¥ got«) 

ef®òu nfŸé m£ltiz got¤Âš Ïu©L g¡f§fŸ¦¦ cŸsd 

g¡f« A kwW« g¡f« B 

g¡f« A 

g¡f« B 

Ãsh¡ E 

eh‹F Ãsh¡Ffis¡ bfh©lJ 

Ãsh¡ A mikél étu§fŸ 

Ãsh¡ B njÁa k¡fŸ bjhif fz¡bfL¥ò (NPR) 

gÂnt£oèUªJ vL¡f nt©oa étu« 

Ãsh¡ C Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤ÂèUªJ vL¡f 

nt©oa étu« 

Ãsh¡ D jå eg® étu§fŸ 

Ïu©L gFÂfis¡ bfh©lJ 

Ãsh¡ E FL«g¤Â‹ étu§fŸ 

Ãsh¡ F cWÂbkhê 

FL«g étu§fŸ _‹W ÃçÎfshf¥ Ãç¡f¥g£LŸsJ 

ÃçÎ 1 ÅL / tÁ¡F« miw 

ÃçÎ 2 trÂfŸ 

ÃçÎ 3 brh¤JfŸ 

Kjèš, A g¡f¤ij¥ ó®¤Â brŒj ÃwF g¡f« B-I ó®¤Â brŒjš nt©L«. Ú§fŸ 

ãidéš bfhŸs nt©oaJ v‹dbt‹whš vªj xU FL«g¤Âš fz¡bfL¥ò el¤J« 

nghJ, Kjèš mªj FL«g¤Âš cŸs cW¥Ãd®fë‹ étu§fshd bga®, ghèd«, 

Ãwªj njÂ Kjèa égu§fis x‹w‹ Ã‹ x‹whf gÂÎ brŒaÎ«. nk‰f©l 

étu§fis gÂÎ brŒj Ã‹d®, ÛÂÍŸs nfŸé¡fhd gÂšfis x›bthUt® g‰¿Í« 

nrfç¡f nt©L«. Ïjid¤ bjhl®ªJ FL«g¤Â‰F brhªjkhd ÅL, FoæU¥ò, 

trÂfŸ, brh¤Jfs¦ ngh‹wit F¿¤j étu« nrfç¡f nt©L«. 

étu§¦fis¢ nrfç¥gJ bjhl®ghf ÑnH étç¡f¥g£LŸsJ. 

g¡f« -A 

Ãsh¡ A : 

mikél étu§fŸ k‰W« FL«g¤Â‹ tif 

mikél étu§fŸ 

fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ g‰¿a étu§fŸ, bghW¥ò mYtyuhš K‹T£ona 

tH§f¥g£L, iffâåæY« cŸÇL brŒa¥gL«, V‰fdnt iffâåæš cŸÇL 

brŒa¥g£LŸs gÂÎfŸ rçahdjh v‹gij, cWÂ brŒa nt©L«. if¡fâåia 

Ïa¡Ftj‰fhf Password-I c§fSila, nk‰gh®itahsçläUªJ bg‰W¡bfhŸs 

23


nt©L«. th®L F¿pL K‹ng gÂÎ brŒa¥g£oUªjhš mitfis Ú§fŸ ó®¤Â 

brŒa nt©oaÂšiy. 

Ãsh¡ - A mikél¤Â‹ étu§fŸ 

khãy« : 

F¿pL 

kht£l« : 

F¿pL 

efu« : 

F¿pL 

th®L v© : 

FL«g¤Â‹ tifia f©l¿jš - Ïªj étu§¦fŸ¦ got¤Âš¦ g¡f« “A”æ‹ 

tyJòw¤Âš bfhL¡f¥g£LŸsJ. FL«g«, rhjhuz mšyJ ãiya mšyJ Ål‰w 

v‹w VjhtJ xU tifæš ml§F«. FL«g¤Â‹ tifia Kªija m¤Âaha¤Âš 

(nfh£ghLfS« k‰W« és¡f§¦fS«) és¡f¥g£lthW f©l¿a nt©L«. rhjhuz 

FL«g¤Â‰F F¿pL (1), ãiya FL«g¤Â‰F F¿pL (2) k‰W« Ål‰w FL«g¤Â‰F 

F¿pL (3) më¡fÎ«. Ål‰w FL«gkhf ÏUªjhš¦ mªj FL«g« VjhtJ Tiuæ‹ Ñœ 

thœ»wjh v‹W nkY« nf£l¿ªJ M« våš F¿pL (1) vdÎ« Ïšiy våš F¿pL 

(2) vdÎ« F¿¥ÃlÎ«, 

FL«g¤Â‹ tif : 

rhjhuz.................. 1 

ãiya ..................... 2 

Ål‰w........................ 3 

Ãsh¡ B: fz¡bfL¥ghsçl« cŸs Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤ÂYŸs, FL«g v©iz 

iffâåæš gÂÎ brŒÍ«nghJ, Ãsh¡ Bæš F¿¥Ã£l FL«g¤Â‰fhd V‰fdnt 

cŸÇL brŒa¥g£l njÁa k¡fŸ bjhif gÂnt£o‹ (NPR) òif¥gl efš (Image) 

Âiuæš jhdhfnt njh‹W«. 

Ãsh¡ C: Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš ÏUªJ FL«g bjhl® v©iz iffââæš gÂÎ 

brŒa nt©L«. k‰w gÂÎfS¡fhd nfŸéfŸ jhdhfnt njh‹W«. 

24


Ãsh¡ B 

òif¥gl efš (Image) V‰fdnt 

gÂa¥g£oUªjhš jhdhfnt 

njh‹W« 

Ãsh¡ B : NPR m£ltizæš 

cŸs étu§fŸ cŸÇL 

brŒa¥g£oU¡F« 

Å£L g£oaš/ 

Ãsh¡ v© 

FL«g 

v© 

Ãsh¡ C 

Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš ÏUªJ FL«g 

bjhl® v©iz if fââæš gÂÎ 

brŒant©L«. k‰w gÂÎfS¡fhd 

nfŸéfŸ jhdhfnt njh‹W« 

Ãsh¡ C : Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤ÂèUªJ 

vL¤J vGj¥gl nt©L« 

fz¡bfL¥ò 

FL«g bjhl®v© 

Ãsh¡ v© (ÃçÎ 2 / 3-‹ fy« 

mšyJ ÃçÎ-4‹ fy«-6) 

r¥-Ãsh¡ v© 

(ÃçÎ-1‹ 6tJ 

Ïd«) 

fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡»‹ tif 

(Foir gFÂ-1, Foir gFÂ ÏšyhjJ-2 

(m§Ñfç¡f¥g£l efu§fS¡F) 

(k¡fŸbjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‹ 

b g h W ¥ ò g Â n t £ o ‹ , 

nk‰gh®itahs® t£l¤Â‹, fy« 

17-š ÏUªJ vL¤J vGj nt©L«) 

fz¡bfL¥ghsU«, if¡fâåæš gÂÎ brŒgtU« NPR k‰W« AHL ÃçÎ 3, 

4š cŸs étu§fŸ fz¡bfL¥ò Jt§f¥gLtj‰F K‹d® if¡fâåæš cŸsjh 

v‹gij cWÂ brŒa nt©L«. fz¡bfL¥Ã‹nghJ òÂa FL«g§fŸ ÏUªjhš 

mt®fisÍ« fz¡bfL¥Ãš òÂa m£ltizia¥ ga‹gL¤Â nr®¤J¡bfhŸs 

nt©L«. mnjnghš, V‰fdnt cŸs FL«g¤ÂèUªJ ÃçªJ j‰nghJ jå¡FL«gkh» 

tÁ¤J tU« FL«g§fisÍ«, òÂa FL«g§fshfnt fUjnt©L«. Ï«khÂç 

FL«g§fŸ Ãçtjhš V‰gL« òÂa FL«g§fS¡fhd FL«g bjhl® v©, if fââæš 

ÏUªJ bgw¥gl nt©L«. 

Ãsh¡ B ia bghW¤jtiu Å£L¥g£oaš Ãsh¡ v© (House list Block Number) 

k‰W« FL«g v© (Household No) M»a étu§fŸ mid¤J« iffâåæš V‰fdnt 

Ïl« bg‰¿U¡F«. iffâåæš, r«kªj¥g£l FL«g étu§fŸ njh‹W« (mjhtJ 

Å£o‹ RU¡f¥ g£oaš ÃçÎ-2š njh‹w¡ Toa étu§fŸ) m›thW étu§fŸ 

njh‹whj jUz¤Âš, ifæš ju¥g£LŸs Å£L RU¡f¥g£oaè‹ ÃçÎ 3 k‰W« ÃçÎ 

4š cŸs Å£L étu§fis iffâåæš Ãsh¡ C æš gÂaÎ«. iffâåænyh 

mšyJ ifæš ju¥g£l Å£L¥ g£oaš RU¡f¤Ânyh F¿¥Ãl¥g£LŸs FL«g« g‰¿a 

étu« »il¡fhj g£r¤Âš, mij òÂa FL«gkhf¡ fUÂ Å£L¥ g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš 

X® òÂa v© bfhL¤J é£L Ã‹ò étu§fis bjhl®ªJ nf£L¥ bgwyh«. 

25


RU§¦f¢ brhšè‹ Ú§¦fŸ iffâå Ïa¡Fgtçl« x›bthU FL«g¤Â‰F« xU 

FL«g¤ bjhl® v© k£L« tH§f¥glš nt©L« v‹gij cWÂ brŒa nt©L«. 

Ïjdo¥gilænyna Ãsh¡ A Kjš C tiuæYŸs étu§fŸ rçgh®¡f¥gL« (òÂa 

FL«g§fŸ jéu) 

Ïnj nghš mid¤J òÂa FL«g étu§fisÍ« V‰fdnt cŸs étu§fnshL 

Ïiz¤J X® òÂa rçbrŒa¥g£l Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤ij jah® brŒa nt©L«. 

Ãsh¡ D jå eg® étu§fŸ (ÃçÎ 1 Kjš 17 tiu) 

Ãsh¡ D ia bghW¤jtiu fy« 1 Kjš 9 tiuæš njit¥gL« étu§fŸ njÁa 

k¡fŸ bjhif fz¡bfL¥ò gÂnt£oš (NPR) ÏUªJ vL¡f¥g£oU¡F«. Ïªj 

étu§fëš khWjšfŸ fhz¥g£lhY« mij kh‰whkš Ïj‹ étu§fŸ cŸsJ go 

vL¤J¡bfhŸs nt©L«. òÂa FL«g§fŸ / eg®fŸ g‰¿a jftšfŸ Ïšiybaåš 

mt®fë‹ mid¤J jftšfisÍ« gÂa nt©L«. 

Ãsh¡ - D: jåeg® étu§fs¦ 

tç 

ir 

v© 

egç‹¦ bga® 

(FL«g¤ 

jiytçl 

äUªJ 

bjhl§fÎ«) 

FL«g¤ 

jiytU¡F 

cwÎKiw 

(cwÎ Kiw 

æid 

KGikahf 

vGj nt©L«) 

ghèd« 

1. M© 

2. bg© 

3. Ïju® 

Ãwªj 

M©L 

(M§»y 

eh£fh£o 

æ‹go) 

ÂUkz 

ãiy 

1.ÂUkznk 

Mfhjt® 

2. j‰bghGJ 

ÂUkz 

ãiyæš 

ÏU¥gt® 

3. Jiz 

ÏHªjt® 

4.Ãçªjt® 

5.éthfu¤ 

jhdt® 

jªij 

bga® 

jh 

ah® 

bga® 

bjhêš / 

elto¡ 

if 

(ntiy 

ia 

étu 

khf 

vGjÎ«) 

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

26


mÂfg£r 

fšé ãiy 

1.vGj go¡f 

bjçahjt® 

2. vGj go¡f 

bjçªjt® 

Mdhš 

bjhl¡f 

fšé¡F ÑH¦ 

3. bjhl¡f 

fšé 

4. eLãiy 

fšé 

5. ca®ãiy 

fšé 

6. nkšãiy 

¡ fšé 

7.Ïs§fiy 

g£ljhç 

mšyJ 

mj‰F nkš 

8. k‰wt®fŸ 

(F¿¥ÃlÎ«) 

tUkhd¤Â‰fhd K¡»a 

Mjhu« / tUkhd«


mid¤J FL«g cW¥Ãd®fë‹ mo¥gil jftšfŸ FL«g¤Â‰fhd és¡f¤Âš 

T¿ago ÏU¡f nt©L« 

têfh£LjšfŸ : 

• FL«g« k‰W« FL«g¤jiyt® Ït®fS¡fhd tiuaiwfŸ “nfh£ghLfS« 

k‰W« tiuaiwfS«” m¤Âaha¤Ây¦ T¿a m¿Îiuæ‹go mika nt©L«. 

• FL«g cW¥Ãd®fë‹ bga®fis nf£L, mj‹go fy« 2š gÂÎ brŒaÎ«. 

FL«g cW¥Ãd®fë‹ bga®fis nf£L gÂÎ brŒÍ« Kiw 

1. FL«g¤ jiytiu¤ bjhl®ªJ mtç‹ fzt® / kidé 

2. FL«g¤jiytç‹ bg‰nwh®fŸ mšyJ fzt‹ / kidéæ‹ bg‰nwh® 

3. FL«g¤jiytU¡F ÂUkzkhd kf‹ / kfŸ ÏUªjhš, FL«g¤Âš _¤j 

ÂUkzkhd kf‹ / kfŸ mtUila fzt® / kidé k‰W« FHªijfŸ Ïnjnghš 

mid¤J ÂUkzkhdt®fisÍ« gÂÎ brŒaÎ«. 

4. ÂUkzkhfhj kf‹ / kfŸ ÏUªjhš mnjnghš FL«g¤Âš _¤jt® thçahf 

gÂÎ brŒaÎ« 

1. rnfhju® / rnfhjç mšyJ rnfhjuç‹ kidé / rnfhjçæ‹ fzt® 

2. k‰w cwéd®fŸ 

3. cwt‰wt® 

mid¤J nfŸéfisÍ« étukhf¡ fh©ngh« 

fy« -1. tçir v© 

FL«g got¤Â‹ mid¤J jå eg® cW¥Ãd®fë‹ étu§fisÍ« gÂÎ 

brŒaÎ«. 

28


fy« -2. egç‹ bga® 

• fz¡bfL¡f¤ jFÂÍŸs mid¤J FL«g cW¥Ãd®fisÍ« Ï¡fy¤Âš gÂÎ 

brŒa nt©L«. Ã‹d® x›bthU cW¥ÃdUila k‰w éu§fis gÂÎ brŒa 

nt©L«. 

• Kjèš FL«g¤ jiytç‹ bgaiu gÂyë¥gt® T¿athW gÂÎ brŒaÎ« 

• FL«g¤jiyt® Mzhfnth, mšyJ mªj FL«g¤Â‹ _¤j cW¥Ãduhfnth 

ÏU¡f nt©L« v‹W f£lhaäšiy. mt® FL«g¤ij el¤Â bršgtuhfnth 

mšyJ K¡»a KoÎfis vL¥gtuhfnthjh‹ ÏU¡f nt©L« 

• FL«g¤Âš cŸs eg®fë‹ bga®fŸ NPRš V‰fdnt gÂa¥g£LŸsJ. 

Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f« ÃçÎ 3š cŸs FL«g§fŸ k‰W« òÂa FL«g§fS¡F 

eg®fë‹ bga®fis KGikahf vG¤J¥ÃiH Ïšyhkš gÂyë¥gt® T¿ago 

gÂaÎ« 

• egç‹ bga® Úskhf ÏUªJ mJ bg£o¡f£l¤Â‰FŸ gÂa¥gl Koahkš 

ÏUªjhš bgaiu RU¡» gÂyë¥gt® T¿ago vGjÎ«. cjhuzkhf xUtç‹ 

bga® rhujh jUkè§f« v‹W ÏUªjhš mij rhujh D v‹W vGjÎ« (njÁa 

k¡fŸ bjhif¥ gÂnt£oš 30 vG¤JfS¡fhd f£l§fŸ 

bfhL¡f¥g£oU¡»‹wd) 

• FL«g¤jiytiu bghU¤jtiu, FL«g¤jiyt® v‹gt® FL«g¤njhL 

j§»æU¥gt®. Áy FL«g§fëš FL«g¤jiyt® v‹gt® FL«g¤njhL 

j§»æU¡f nt©L« v‹gJ f£lhaäšiy. cjhuzkhf ntiy ãä¤j« MW 

khj§fS¡F nkš FL«g¤ij é£L ÃçªÂU¡F« egiuÍ« FL«g¤iyt® v‹W 

FL«g cW¥Ãd®fŸ bjçé¤jhš mJ V‰W¡bfhŸs¥glš nt©L«. 

• gÂyë¥gt® Å£oš cŸs bg©fë‹ bga®fis jhkhfnt brhšy 

K‹tuéšiybaåš, gÂš më¥gtiu ã®gªj¥gL¤j¡ TlhJ. Ï¤jifa 

jUz¤Âš ãjhå¤J elªJ bfhŸs nt©L«. gÂyë¥gtU¡F nghÂa fhy 

mtfhr« ju¥glš nt©L«. 

• Ïnjnghš gÂyë¥gtuhf x® bg© ÏU¡F« g£r¤Âš, fyh¢rhu ßÂahf fzt® 

mšyJ M©fë‹ bga®fis brhšy¤ ja§fyh«. Ïªj jUz¤Âš mt®fis¡ 

f£lha¥gL¤jhkš, Ïju FL«g cW¥Ãd®fŸ, m©il Å£lh®, m§f‹tho Cêa® 

M»nahç‹ cjéia ehl nt©L«. 

• Áy FHªijfŸ/if¡FHªijfŸ bgaçl¥glhkš ÏU¡fyh«. Ïªj jUz¤Âš, 

“bgaçšiy” (No Name) v‹W F¿¥Ãl nt©L«. 

• FL«g«, ãiya¡ FL«gkhf ÏU¥Ã‹, mjDila jiyt® m§F j§Fgtuhf 

Ïšyhkš ÏU¡fyh«. m¥go ÏU¡F« g£r¤Âš, jiytuhf mtiu fz¡bfL¡f¡ 

TlhJ. mj‰F gÂyhf ãiya¤Âš j§»æU¡F« eg®fëš Kj‹ Kjèš 

ãiya¤Âš Fona¿ fz¡bfL¥ò ehëš tÁ¤J tU« egiu FL«g¤ jiytuhf 

bfhŸSjš nt©L«. 

29


Kjèš jFÂ thŒªj eg®fë‹ bga®, ghèd«, Ãwªj njÂ, M»at‰iw gÂÎ 

brŒj ÃwF Ïju étu§fŸ Ñœf©lthW gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

fy« -3. 

FL«g¤ jiytU¡F cwÎ 

FL«g¤ jiytU¡F cwÎKiwÍŸs eg®fë‹ étu§fŸ k£Lnk gÂÎ brŒa 

nt©L«. j¤J vL¤j kf‹ / kfŸ ÏUªjhš mt®fisÍ« kf‹ / kfshfnt fUj 

nt©L«. FL«g¤jiytç‹ tçiræš cwÎ Kiw Ãçéš jh‹ (Self) v‹W gÂahkš 

FL«g¤jiyt® v‹nw gÂa nt©L«. Ïju eg®fS¡F vÂnu cwÎ Kiwia 

KGikahf gÂa nt©L«. cwÎ Kiwia gÂÍ« nghJ m¤ij, Á¤j¥gh, kUkfŸ, 

kUkf‹ mšJ m¤ij, Á¤Â mšyJ khkh, Á¤j¥gh v‹w th®¤ijfis ga‹gL¤jhkš 

rnfhjç / rnfhjç‹ kfŸ / kf‹ v‹nwh (kUkf‹ / kUkfŸ), jhŒ / jªijæ‹ rnfhjç 

(m¤ij, Á¤Â) mšyJ jhŒ / jªijæ‹ rnfhjçæ‹ fzt® (khkh / Á¤j¥gh) v‹nw 

gÂa nt©L«, ik¤Jd® v‹gj‰F kidé‹ rnfhju® mšyJ rnfhjçæ‹ fzt® 

v‹W gÂa nt©L«. ng¤Â v‹gij kfë‹ kfŸ mšyJ kfå‹ kfŸ v‹W F¿¥Ãlš 

nt©L«. FL«g¤Â‹ cW¥Ãd®fshf fz¡bfL¡f¥g£l cwt‰w eg®fis 

éUªÂduhf (Visiter) gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

• ãiya FL«g¤ij bghU¤jtiu mid¤J cW¥Ãd®fisÍ« cwÎ Kiw 

Ïšyhjt® v‹nw fUj nt©L«. 

• ãiya FL«g¤Âš, mªj éLÂæ‹ fh¥ghsç‹ kfndh / kfnsh 

j§»æU¡f¡TL«. mªj ãiya¡ FL«g¤Â‹ jiyt®, mªj éLÂæ‹ 

fh¥ghsuhf ÏUªjhš, mtç‹ kfå‹ / kfë‹ étu§fis ó®¤Â brŒÍ«bghGJ 

jiytç‹ kf‹ / kfŸ v‹W cwÎ Kiwia vGj¡TlhJ. Vbd‹whš ãiya 

FL«g¤Âš cwÎ Kiw »ilahJ. 

fy« - 4. 

ghèd«: M© 1 bg© 2 Ïju® 3 

M© v‹whš¦ “1” vdÎ«, bg© v‹whš¦ “2” vdÎ« ÂUe§if v‹whš “3” 

vdÎ« gÂaÎ« 

fy« -5. Ãwªj tUl« : 

Ãwªj M©oid (YYYY) v‹W M§»y eh£fh£oæ‹go NPR òif¥gl efèy¦ 

(Image) cŸsthW bfhL¡f¥g£LŸs Ïl¤Âš gÂa nt©L«. XU òÂa FL«g¤Â‰fhd 

30


v©iz¡ bfhL¡F«nghJ, njÂ/khj«/tUl« (DD/MM/YY) v‹w Kiwæš gÂÎ brŒa 

nt©L«. 

• bghJthf xUtuJ Ãwªj njÂia m¿a KoÍ«. xUntis gÂyë¥gtçdhš 

Ãwªj njÂia rçahf bjçé¡f Koaéšiybaåš, Ãw¥ò rh‹¿jœ, #hjf« 

ngh‹wt‰¿èUªJ m¿ªJ bfhŸsyh«. 

• Ï›thW bgw¥gL« jftyhdJ, jäœ khj¤Âš mšyJ Ãw msitfëš ÏUªjhš 

mJ M§»y eh£fh£oæ‹go kh‰w¥g£L gÂa¥glš nt©L«. 

• brhšy¥gL»‹w njÂia rç gh®¡f, Mtz Mjhu§fis gh®¡f¤ njitæšiy. 

• Ãwªj M©L brhšy¤ bjçahkš, njÂiaÍ«, taijÍ« k£Lnk brhšY« 

rªj®¥g¤Âš, M©il fz¡»£L cça étu§fis gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

• xU Áy FL«g§fëš Ãwªj njÂÍ« bjçahkš, Ãwªj M©L« bjçahkš 

ÏU¡F« nghJ, K¡»a ãfœÎfŸ _y« taÂid m¿a Kay nt©L«. gšntW 

nfŸéfŸ _y« FL«g cW¥Ãdç‹ Ãwªj M©il m¿a Ka‹W, Ãwªj 

M©oid k£L« (YYYY) gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

• FL«g¤Âš X® bg© cW¥Ãd® Ãwªj njÂ, khj«, M©L M»ait bjçahj 

g£r¤Âš, mtU¡F v¤jid M©LfS¡F K‹ò ÂUkz« elªjJ? Kjš 

FHªij v¤jid M©LfS¡F¥ ÃwF ÃwªjJ? j‰nghJ mªj FHªijæ‹ taJ 

v‹d? v‹gd ngh‹w nfŸéfshf¡ nf£gj‹ _y« mªj bg©Qila taÂid 

fâ¡f nt©L«. 

fy« -6. 

ÂUkz ãiy: 

gÂéid F¿pLfŸ _y« bjçé¡f nt©L«. 

• ÂUkz« Mfhjt® : 1 

• j‰nghJ ÂUkz ãiyæš ÏU¥gt® : 2 

• Jiz ÏHªjt® : 3 

• Ãçªjt® : 4 

• éthfu¤jhdt® : 5 

• xU FL«g cW¥Ãd® ÂUkz« Mfhjt® v‹whš F¿pL 1 v‹W F¿¥Ã£l 

f£l¤Âš F¿¥ÃlÎ«. 

• xU FL«g cW¥Ãd® j‰nghJ ÂUkzkhd ãiyæš (Kjš ÂUkznkh mšyJ 

Ïu©lhtnjh), kidénah / fztndh cænuhL ÏU¡F« ãiyæš mªj 

cW¥ÃdU¡F 2 v‹w F¿pL bfhL¡f nt©L«. 

• j‰nghJ v‹w th®¤ijahdJ rÛg¤Âš v‹W m®¤j« bfhŸs¡TlhJ. 

cjhuzkhf 80 tajhd xUt® 60 tUl§fS¡F K‹ò ÂUkz« M»æUªjhY« 

mtUila kidé cænuhL ÏUªjhš mtiu j‰nghJ ÂUkz ãiyæš cŸs 

eg® v‹nw fUj nt©L«. 

31


• r_f / r«Ãujha¥go m§Ñfç¡f¥g£L MQ« bg©Q« c©ikæš ÏizªJ 

thG« ãiyæš ÂUkz ãiy¡F cça F¿pL 2 ju¥glš nt©L«. 

• X® cW¥ÃduJ fztndh/kidénah ÏwªJ é£l ãiyæš j‰nghJ kWkz« 

brŒJ bfhŸshj ãiyæš F¿pL 3 tH§f nt©L«. 

• FL«g cW¥Ãdçš Mnzh/bg©nzh, j‹Dila fzt‹ / kidénahL 

j‰nghJ nr®ªJ thHhkš, jå¤jåahf ÃçªJ thG« g£r¤Âš, F¿pL 4 

bfhL¡f¥glš nt©L«. Mnzh/bg©nzh xUtUila r«kj¤ij bgwhknyh 

/ mšyJ tH§fhknyh ÃçªÂUªjhY« F¿pL 4 ju¥glš nt©L«. 

• xUt® r£l¥go ÚÂk‹w« _ykhfnth mšyJ V‰W¡ bfhŸs¥g£l rKjha / kj 

gH¡f tH¡f§fëdhnyh, Ãç¡f¥g£L, j‰nghJ ÂUkz« Mfhj ãiyæš 

ÏUªjhš, F¿pL 5 tH§f nt©L«. 

• Ïªj nfŸé¡F všyh cW¥Ãd®fS¡F« éilaë¡f¥glš nt©L«. ek¡F 

bjçªj tiu FHªijfS¡F ÂUkz« Ko¤ÂU¡f Kfhªju§fŸ Ïšiyba‹nw 

e«ò»nwh«. ÏU¥ÃD« FHªijfŸ F¿¤J étu§fis ó®¤Â brŒÍ« nghJ 

ÂUkz ãiy F¿¤J« nfŸéfŸ nf£L m¿ªJ cça F¿pLfis më¡f 

nt©L«. Vbdåš Áy gFÂfëš FHªij ÂUkz« (ghša éthf«) Ï‹D« 

eilKiwæš cŸsJ. bg©fŸ taÂ‰F tUtj‰F K‹ng, ÂUkz« 

el¤j¥gL»wJ. c©ikahd ÂUkz« ÃwF el¤j¥gL»wJ. Ïªj Nœãiyæš 

x® bg© FHªij¡F ÂUkz« (ghša éthf«) brŒa¥g£L Mdhš j‰nghJ 

ÃçªJ thœªjhY«, j‰nghJ ÂUkz« Md ãiyæš cŸst® v‹W fUÂ F¿pL 

2 bfhL¡f¥glš nt©L«. 

fy« -7. 

jªijæ‹ bga® 

jªijæ‹ bgaiu KGikahf F¿¥ÃlÎ« . jªij mªj Å£oš thHhkš 

ÏUªjhY«, ÏwªJ nghæUªjhY«, jªijæ‹ bga® f£lhakhf F¿¡f¥glš nt©L«. 

fy« -8. 

jhah® bga® 

jhæ‹ bgaiu KGikahf F¿¥ÃlÎ«. jhŒ mªj Å£oš thHhkš ÏUªjhY«, 

ÏwªJ nghæUªjhY«, jhæ‹ bga® f£lhakhf F¿¥Ãlš nt©L«. 

fy« -9. 

bjhêš / elto¡if 

xUt® j‰nghJ bjhêš/gâ òçªjhY«, òçahé£lhY« mid¤J 

cW¥Ãd®fS¡F« Ïªj étu« vGj¥glš nt©L«. Ïªj nfŸé¡F, cW¥Ãdç‹ 

bjhêš / gâæid vGjÎ«. cW¥Ãd® j‰nghJ F¿¥Ã£l bjhêiy brŒahÂUªjhY« 

mt® gâia F¿¥Ãlš nt©L«. gâ/bjhêiy¥ bghW¤j tiu fz¡bfL¥ò ehsJ 

njÂæš brŒa¥gL»‹w gâ/bjhêš fz¡»š vL¤J¡ bfhŸsyh«. ÏU¥ÃD«, 

fz¡bfL¥ò ehŸ m‹W FL«g cW¥Ãd® gâ¡F bršyhknyh/bršy Ïayhknyh 

éL¥Ãš ÏUªjhY«, mt® brŒ»‹w gâ/bjhêš K¡»a¤Jt« bgW»wJ. 

• ntiy brŒgt® mšyJ ntiy brŒahjt® j‹Dila gâ/bjhêš F¿¤J 

brhšY« gÂiy V‰W¡ bfhŸs nt©L«. Áy cjhuz§fŸ: étrhæ, étrha 

Tè, Âd¡Tè, kU¤Jt®, jâ¡ifahs®, tH¡f¿P®, Mnyhrf®, bgh¿ahs®, 

32


fil¡fhu®, Å£L ntiyfŸ/gâfŸ, khzt®, Ãwiu rh®ªJ ÏU¥gt®, 

XŒñÂajhu®, gâ XŒÎ bg‰wt®, Ã¢ir vL¥gt®, Ï‹D« Ãw. 

• Ïªj¥Ãçéš xUt® fz¡bfL¥ò njÂ¡F K‹d® xU tUl fhy¤Âš brŒj gâ 

/bjhêiy m¿ªJ F¿¤J¡ bfhŸs nt©L«. 

• FL«g cW¥Ãd® brŒj mšyJ ftå¤j gâ/bjhêš ãiy KGikahfÎ« 

bjëthfÎ« F¿¥ÃlÎ«. Ïªj gâ¡fhy¤Âš mt® cça tUkhd¤ij / 

Ïyhg¤ij bgwhkš ÏUªjjhY« mtUila fhy«/ ftd« vªj gâæš 

bryél¥g£lnjh (cjhuz«: khzt‹-fšé) mjid gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. ÏJ 

Kj‹ik¤ éahghukhfnth, bjhêyhfnth, mšyJ é‰gidahfnth ÏU¡fyh«. 

• FL«g cW¥Ãd® brhªj bjhêš brŒgtuhf ÏUªjhš mt® brŒÍ« bjhêè‹ 

KG¥bgaiu étukhf gÂÎ brŒjš nt©L«. 

• FL«g cW¥Ãd® x‹W¡F nk‰g£l bjhêiy brŒa thŒ¥òfŸ cŸsd. 

cjhuzkhf XU gâahs® khztdhfÎ« ÏU¡f thŒ¥ò cŸsJ. Ïnjnghš 

MÁçaU«, ÅL rh®ªj gâfis ftå¡fyh«. Ï¢NHèš nk‰bfhŸS« gâ¡F 

K¡»a¤Jt« më¡f¥g£L gâ mšyhj (fšé gæY« khzt®) braY¡F 

K¡»a¤Jt« ju¥gl¡TlhJ. 

• Ïnjnghš xU cW¥Ãd® x‹W¡F« nk‰g£l gâ/bjhêiy brŒa thŒ¥òŸsJ. 

Ïªãfœéš FL«g cW¥Ãd® flªj x® M©oš (365 eh£fëš) nk‰bfh©l 

Ãujhd gâ mšyJ bgU«ghyhd neu§fëš vªj¥gâ brŒjhnuh mJnt gÂyhf 

fUj¥g£L F¿¡f¥glš nt©L«. 

fy« -10. 

mÂf g£rkhf bgw¥g£l fšé ãiy: 

• Ïªj nfŸé, FL«g cW¥Ãd® mÂfg£rkhf f‰W Ko¤j fšé ãiyia¥ g‰¿aJ. 

ÏJ cW¥Ãd® bt‰¿fukhf nj®¢Á bg‰w ãiyiana F¿¡F«. cjhuzkhf 

FL«g cW¥Ãd® g¤jh« tF¥ò go¤JŸsh®. Mdhš 10-tJ nj®éš nj®¢Á 

bgwéšiy v‹whš, mt® eLãiy¡fšé bg‰wt® v‹nw fUj¥gL«. 

vGj¥go¡f¤ bjçªjt® : 

• vGj¥go¡f¤ bjçªjt® v‹gt® FL«g cW¥Ãd®fëš, VG taJ« mj‰F nkY« 

cŸstuhfÎ« VjhtJ xU bkhêæš òçªJbfh©L go¡f k‰W« vGj bjçªj 

ãiyæš cŸs midtiuÍ« fšé f‰wt®fŸ v‹W gÂa nt©L«. 

• xUt® go¡f k£Lnk bjçÍ«, vGj¤ bjçahJ v‹whš mij vGj¥go¡f¤ 

bjçahjt® v‹nw fUj nt©L«. 

• xUt® vGj¥go¡f¤ bjçªjt® v‹gj‰F, mt® Kiwahd fšé f‰¿U¡f 

nt©L« mšyJ, Fiwªjg£rkhd fšéæš nj®¢Á bg‰¿U¡f nt©Lbkd 

ã®zæ¡f¤ njitæšiy. 

• fšé v‹gJ KÂnah® fšé _ykhfnth mšyJ Kiw rhuh fšé Kiwæ‹ 

_ykhfnth bgw ÏaY«. 

33


• f©gh®ita‰w FL«g cW¥Ãd®fŸ Ãiuš Kiwæš go¡f¤ bjçªÂUªjhš 

mt®fŸ fšé f‰wt®fŸ v‹nw fUj¥gLt®. 

vGj¥go¡f¤ bjçahjt® : 

• xUt® vªj bkhêæyhtJ vGjÎ« k‰W« go¡fÎ« bjçahjt® Mth®. go¡f k£L« 

bjçªJ vGj bjçahkš ÏUªjhš mt® vGj¥go¡f¤ bjçahjt® v‹nw fUj nt©L«. 

• MW taJ« mj‰F Fiwªj taJila gŸë bršY« FHªijfŸ go¡f/vGj¤ 

bjçªjhY« vGj¥go¡f¤ bjçahjt®fŸ v‹nw fUj nt©L«. 

F¿pL 

ãiy 

és¡f« 

1. vGj¥go¡f¤ bjçahjt® • VG taJ ãiwtilahj mid¤J¡ 

FHªijfŸ (mšyJ)• VG taJ¡F 

nk‰g£l cW¥Ãd® Mdhš vªj xU 

bkhêæY« vGjnth, go¡fnth bjçahjt® 

mšyJ go¡f k£Lnk bjçªjt®. 

2. vGj¥go¡f¤ bjçªjt® • VG taJ¡F nk‰g£l, vªj bkhêæyhtJ 

Mdhš bjhl¡f fšé¡F Ñœ òçªJ bfh©L vGj, go¡f¤ bjçªj Mdhš 

5tJ tF¥ò nj®¢Á bgwhjt® 

3. bjhl¡f¡fšé • Iªjh« tF¥ò nj®¢Á bg‰wt® Mdhš 8« 

tF¥ò nj®¢Á bgwhjt® 

4. eLãiy¡fšé • v£lh« tF¥ò nj®¢Á bg‰wt® Mdhš 10« 


5. ca®ãiy¡fšé • g¤jh« tF¥ò nj®¢Á bg‰wt® Mdhš 12« 


6. nkšãiy¡fšé • 12« tF¥ò nj®¢Á bg‰wt® Mdhš 

Ïs§fiy g£l« bgwhjt®. 

7. Ïs§fiy mšyJ • Ïs§fiy g£l« bg‰wt® 

mj‰F nkš 

8. Ïju® • (bjëthf F¿¥ÃlÎ«) 

• g£la¥ go¥ò Ko¤jt® 

• gšbjhê‰fšé 

• bjhê‰fšé 

34


nk‰Tw¥g£l fšé ãiyfŸ khãy¤Â‰F khãy« khWg£lhY« bgU«ghyhd 

khãy§fëš Ã‹g‰w¥gLgitahF«. nkY« Áy Ïl§fëš FL«g cW¥Ãd®fŸ kj« 

rh®ªj fšé ãWtd§fshd kju[h, gŸëthrš mšyJ kl« ngh‹wt‰¿š fšé f‰W 

nj®ªÂU¡fyh«. Ï›thW bg‰w mÂfg£r fšé¤ jFÂ¡F Ïizahd fšé¤jFÂia¡ 

f©l¿ªJ mj‰F©lhd F¿pLfis vGj nt©L«. 

• xUt® vG¤j¿Î bg‰wtuh mšyJ vG¤j¿Î bgwhjtuh v‹gij¡ f©l¿a 

v›éjkhd nj®Î mšyJ gçnrhjid mšyJ vªj xU KiwiaÍ« ifahs¡ 

TlhJ. 

• FL«g cW¥Ãd® TW»‹w gÂiy m¥gona V‰W¡ bfhŸs nt©L«. 

fy« -11. tUkhd¤Â‰fhd K¡»a Mjhu« /


1. Ã¢ir vL¥gt® / F¥ig bghW¡Fgt® - K¡»a tUkhd« Ã¢ir vL¥gJ«, 

F¥igia nrfç¤J mj‹ _y« tUkhd«


12. ntiy brŒahjt® (XŒñÂa« / t£o / thlif Kjèad) - FL«g egç‹ 

tUkhdkhdJ nk‰F¿¥Ã£lt‰¿‹ _y« tUkhæ‹ F¿pL 12 vd F¿¥ÃlÎ«. 

vªj xU ntiyæ‹ _yK« tUkhd« bgwhkš Mdhš XŒñÂa«, thlif, t£o, 

Kjèad bgWgt®fS¡F F¿pL 12 v‹W F¿¥ÃlÎ«. 

13. vªj tUkhdK« Ïšyhjt® - FL«g eg® bjhêš mšyJ éahghu« ngh‹wit 

_y« Tè / r«gs« tUkhdkhf bgwhjt®. F¿¥ghf FHªijfŸ, khzt®, taJ 

KÂ®ªnjh®, Ãwiu e«Ã ÏU¥ngh® k‰W« brhªj Å£oš Å£L ntiy 

brŒgt®fshf ÏU¥nghU¡F F¿pL 13 v‹W F¿¥ÃlÎ«. 

fy« - 12. CÂa«


• fšéæY« k‰W« ntiythŒ¥òfëY« kh‰WÂwDŸnsh®fS¡F rçãf® 

thŒ¥Ãid më¤Âl Ï¥òŸë étu§fŸ têtif brŒÍ«. 

• ngh¡Ftu¤J k‰W« Rfhjhu nritfis kh‰W¤ÂwDŸnsh® bgw ÏJ cjÎ«. 

kh‰W¤Âw‹ cŸs eg®fis milahs« fh©gj‰fhd fU¤JfS« 

m¿ÎiufS« 2011 k¡fŸ bjhif fz¡bfL¥ò m¿Îiu ifna£oš ÏUªJ 

vL¡f¥g£LŸsJ. 

Ïªj¡ nfŸéæš bgw¥gL« gÂš _y« kh‰W¤Âwdhëfë‹ ãiyæid 

m¿ayh«. vªj Fiw¥gh£odhY« J‹òwhj egU¡F F¿pL 9-I bfhL¡fÎ«. 

Fiw¥gh£o‹ j‹ikia F¿p£L g£oaè‹go gÂÎ brŒaÎ«. xU Fiw¥gh£o‰F 

nkyhf gytif Fiwgh£Ll‹ ÏUªjhš F¿pL 8 I bfhL¡fÎ«. kh‰W¤ÂwD¡fhd 

F¿pLfŸ ÑnH bfhL¡f¥g£LŸsd. 

F¿pL 1 - gh®itæš 

• xU eg® f©gh®itæš CdK‰wt® v‹gij Ñœf©litfshš m¿ayh«. 

• gh®¡fnt Koahjtuhf ÏU¥gt® mšyJ 

• f©zho mâªj ÃwF« xëia czu Koahj gh®ita‰wtuhf ÏU¥gt® 

mšyJ 

• f©zho k‰W« éêéšiy (Contract lens) mâªj ÃwF«, bjët‰w k§»a 

gh®itiana bfh©oU¥gt®. X® vëa Kiwahf xU eg® gfš btë¢r¤Âš 10 

mo Ïilbtëæš, éušfë‹ v©â¡ifia m¿ªJ bfhŸs Ï¤jifa eg® 

j‹ gh®itia¡ bfh©L KoÍ« våš (mšyJ) 

• btë¢r¤ij czu¡ Toatuhf ÏU¥ÃD«, jå¤J elkhL« msÎ¡F gh®it 

m‰wtuhf ÏU¥gt® (mšyJ) 

• k§»a gh®itÍl‹, f©gh®itia kU¤Jtçl« nrhÂ¡F« rªj®¥gnk ÏšyhjJ, 

gh®it nk‹gL« thŒ¥ig¥ g‰¿nah, mt‰¿‰F©lhd Á»¢ir Kiw g‰¿nah 

m¿ahjtuhf ÏU¥gt® (mšyJ) 

• nk‰F¿¥Ã£litfëš VjhtJ x‹W bghUªJ« g£r¤Âš F¿pL v© 1I gÂaÎ« 

F¿¥ò :- 

• xU f© ghÂ¡f¥g£L, k‰bwhU f©gh®it ÂwndhL ÏU¡F« g£r¤Âš mt® 

f©gh®itæš CdK‰wtuhf¡ fUj¥gl kh£lh®. 

• khiy¡f© nehædhš ghÂ¡f¥g£nlh® kh‰W¤ Âwdhåahf¡ fUj¥gl kh£lh®. 

• t®z¤ij é¤Âahr¥gL¤j bjçahjt®fS« gh®itæš kh‰W¤ Âwdhëahf 

fUj¥gl kh£lh®fŸ 

38


F¿pL 2 - nf£gÂš: 

• xU eg® nf£gÂš kh‰W¤Âw‹ cilatuh v‹gij Ñœf©litfshš m¿ayh«. 

• K‰¿Y« nf£fnt KoahJ (mšyJ) 

• m‹whl ciuahlšfis¡ nf£f Ïayhjt® (nf£gÂš fod«) 

• bré¤Âw‹ fUéia (Hearing Aid) cgnah»¥gt® 

• xU eg® nf£gÂš FiwghLfŸ cŸst® v‹whš F¿pL 2 I gÂaÎ« 

F¿¥ò :- 

xU bréæš k£Lnk FiwghL cilatuhæ‹, mtiu kh‰W¤Âwdhëahf 

fUj KoahJ. Ïu©L bréfS« nf£F« Âw‹ m‰w nghJ k£Lnk mt® 

bréæš CdK‰wtuhf¡ fUj¥gLth®. 

F¿pL 3 - ngRtÂš 

• xU eg® ngRtÂš FiwghLfŸ cilatuhf¡ fUj¥gLtj‰F mt® 3 taÂ‰F 

nkš cŸstuhf ÏU¡f nt©L« k‰W«, 

• K‰¿Y« ngrnt Ïayhjtuhfnth mšyJ ng¢R¤Âw‹ FiwghLfshš 

rhjhuzkhf ngr Ïayhjtuhfnth ÏU¥Ã‹ (mšyJ) 

• x›bthU th®¤ijahf¥ ngrKoÍnk jéu KGikahd th¡»a§fis¥ ngr 

Ïayhjt®fŸ (mšyJ) 

• òçªJ bfhŸs Koahj tifæš Â¡» ngRgt®. Mdhš m›thW Â¡» ngRgt® 

òçªJ bfhŸS« tifæš ngÁdhš mt® kh‰W¤Âwdhëahf fUj¥gl kh£lh®. 

F¿¥ò:- 

Ãw¡F«nghnj bré¤Âw‹ m‰nwh®, ngr KoahjtuhfÎ« ÏU¥gij 

rhjhuzkhf¡ fhzyh«. fz¡bfL¥Ãš Ït®fis x‹W¡F nk‰g£l 

kh‰W¤Âw‹ bfh©lt®fŸ v‹W fUÂ F¿pL 8 tH§f nt©L«. 

F¿pL 4 - miréš kh‰W¤Âw‹fŸ: 

xU egU¡F vY«ò _£L mšyJ iffhšfë‹ jirfŸ Fiwgh£o‹ fhuzkhf 

elkh£l¤Âš / jilæU¡Fkhæ‹, mt® miréš FiwghLfŸ cilat® Mth®. 

Ã‹tU« tifia¢ rh®ªj eg®fŸ ÏÂš ml§Ft®. 

• xU mšyJ ÏU iffS« Ïšyhjtuhf ÏU¥gt® (mšyJ) 

• xU mšyJ ÏU fhšfS« Ïšyhjtuhf ÏU¥gt® (mšyJ) 

39


• Kl¡F thj¤jhš el¡f Koahjtuhf ÏU¥gt® mšyJ 

• el¡f Koahjtuhf ÏUªjhš Tl jtœtj‹ _y« X® Ïl¤ÂèUªJ k‰bwhU 

Ïl¤Â‰F efu¡ Toat® (mšyJ) 

• if¥Ão/bra‰if if, bra‰if fhš, r¡fu eh‰fhè, _‹W r¡fu thfd«, 

eilt©o cjéÍl‹ k£Lnk efu Kogtuhf ÏU¥gt® (mšyJ) 

• Ôuhj k‰W« ãuªjukhd _£L/jir FiwghLfŸ bfh©L, Fiwªj g£r elkh£l« 

cilatuhf ÏU¥gt® (mšyJ) 

• všyh if éušfisnah/fhš éušfisnah mšyJ bgU éuiyna 

ÏHªÂU¥gt® (mšyJ) 

• mU»š it¡f¥g£l vªj xU ÁW bghUisÍ« ef®¤jnth mšyJ vL¡fnth 

Âwd‰wtuhf ÏU¥gt® (mšyJ) 

• elkh£l¤Âš ÏU¡fK«, éiu¥ò« bfh©LŸstuhfnth (mšyJ) äfÎ« 

js®thd elkh£l«, j‹id m¿ahkš f£L¥ghl‰w elkh£l« cilatuhfnth 

(mšyJ) clš eL¡f« cilatuhfnth, vëÂš cilÍ« j‹ik bfh©l 

tYt‰w vY«ò bfh©ltuhfnth ÏU¥gt® (mšyJ) 

• clš mirÎfis ãiy¥gL¤jnth, f£L¥gL¤jnth Koahjtuhf ÏU¥g®, 

(mšyJ) 

• clš cW¥Ãš cz®¢Áa‰W, Kl¡F thj¤Âdhnyh ( mšyJ) bjhG nehahnyh 

ghÂ¡f¥g£ltuhf ÏU¥g®, (mšyJ) 

• clš TW rçahdgoæ‹¿, T‹ ngh‹w njh‰w FiwghL bfh©ltuhf ÏU¥gt® 

mšyJ 

• äf¡ FŸskhd cUtKilat®. 

miréš Cd« v‹W f©l¿a¥gL« egU¡F F¿pL 4 I gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

F¿¥ò : 

Cerebral Palsy v‹w nehahš ghÂ¡f¥g£l xU egiu elkh£l¤Âš 

ghÂ¥òilatuhf¡ fUÂ F¿p£L v© 4-I ãu¥gÎ«. 

F¿pL 5 - _is ts®¢Áæ‹ik : 

_is ts®¢Áæ‹ik v‹gJ xU eg® _is jLkh‰w« k‰W« nghJkhd 

ts®¢Áa‰W« mšyJ _is KGikahd ts®¢Á v£lhj ãiyæš cŸstbuåš mt® 

m¿Î¤ Âwåš Fiwªjt® Mth®. _is ts®¢Áæ‹ik v‹gJ Ãw¥ÃèUªnjh mšyJ 

18 taJ miltj‰F K‹ngh V‰glyh«. 

40


xU eg® _is ts®¢Áæ‹ikahš ghÂ¡f¥g£lt® v‹gij Ñœ¡f©l tifæš 

m¿ayh«. 

• rf taJ eg®fis¡ fh£oY« òçjnyh/»u»¤J¡ bfhŸS« tifæš FiwghL 

cŸstuhæU¥g® (mšyJ) 

• rf taJ eg®fis¥ nghš j§fsJ njitfis¡ nf£L, ãiwnt‰¿¡ bfhŸs 

Ïayhjtuhf ÏU¥g®(mšyJ) 

• j§fsJ Âdrç elto¡ifahd gš njŒ¤jš, Fë¤jš, fhiy¡ fl‹fŸ, 

cilkh‰Wjš k‰W« Rfhjhu KiwfŸ, Å£L ntiyfis¢ brŒjš ngh‹wt‰iw 

brŒa Ïayhjtuhf ÏU¥g®(mšyJ) 

• rhjhuz m¿Îiufis¥ òçªJ bfhŸs Koahjt®fshf ÏU¥g® (mšyJ) 

• KoÎfŸ vL¡fnth, ãidéš bfhŸsnth, Ãu¢ridfis¤ Ô®¡fnth äfÎ« 

Áuk¥gLgtuhf ÏU¥gh®. 

xU eg® _is ts®¢Áæ‹ikædhš ghÂ¡f¥g£ltbuåš F¿p£L v©.5I ãu¥g 

nt©L« 

F¿¥ò : 

_is ts®¢Áæ‹ikia¥ g‰¿ f©L bfhŸs v›tifahd nrhjidÍ« 

nk‰bfhŸs njitæšiy. xU eg® _is ts®¢Áæ‹ikiahš ghÂ¡f¥g£LŸsh® 

v‹gij gÂyë¡F« FL«g¤jhç‹ KoÎ¡nf é£Lél nt©L«. 

bkJthf¥ gæšgt®fisÍ« , ts®¢Áæš Ã‹dilÎ V‰gLgt®fisÍ«, _is 

ts®¢Áæ‹ikahš ghÂ¡f¥gLgt®fŸ v‹W fUj nt©lh«. gŸë¡ FHªijfŸ 

tH¡f¤ijél bkJthf gæštJ _ists®¢Áæ‹ikahfhJ. _is ts®¢Áæ‹ik 

bgU«ghY« Ãw¥ÃèUªnjh mšyJ 18 taÂ‰FŸshfnth V‰gLtJ. 

F¿pL 6 - kdnehŒ : 

xU eg® kdnehŒ cŸstuhf fUj¥gLifæš Ït® kndhßÂahfnth mšyJ 

tH¡fkhd gH¡ftH¡f§fënyh ntWg£L fhz¥gLgt® Mth®. Ï›thwhd eg®fŸ 

rhjhuzkhf vªj xU Ãu¢rid¡F« Ô®Î fhzKoahjt® Mth®. 

bghJthf xU eg® kdnehahš ghÂ¡f¥g£lt® v‹gij Ñœ¡f©lit _y« m¿ayh«. 

• kd nehŒ¡F©lhd kUªJfis (mšyJ) kU¤Jt Á»¢irfis 

vL¤J¡bfhŸgt® (mšyJ) 

• njita‰w / mÂf¥goahd tU¤j«, nfhg« ngh‹w Ïju és¡f Ïayhj xJ§» 

ÏU¤jš, ö¡fä‹ik, gÁæ‹ik, kdcis¢rš, j‰bfhiy cz®Î, Ra 

öŒikæ‹ik ngh‹wit (mšyJ) 

41


• xU braiy bjhl®¢ÁahfÎ«, tY¡f£lhakhfÎ« brŒa¤ ö©L« 

Áªjidfis btë¡ bfhz®gt®fshŒ ÏU¥g® ( mšyJ) 

• Jçjkhd k»œ¢Á / JçjÁªjid kh‰w§fshš gy eh£fshf/ thu§fshf ÓuhfÎ« 

rhjhuzkhfÎ« Ïa§f Koahjt® ( mšyJ) 

• xèfis nf£gjhfnth, fh£Áfis gh®gjhfnth, gH¡fäšyhj thridfisnah 

mšyJ é¤Âahrkhd cz®ÎfŸ cŸst® ngh‹w mrhjhuzkhd 

mDgt§fis mDgé¥gt® (mšyJ) 

• jd¡F jhnd ngÁ¡bfhŸSjš, Áç¤jš, bt‰¿l¤ij Kiw¤J¥ gh®¤jš , 

mÂfkhd ga« bfhŸSjš, fhuznk Ïšyhj el¤ijfis¢ rªnj»¤jš 

(mšyJ) 

• r_f ciuahlènyh, FL«g¤Ânyh, gŸëænyh, ntiy gh®¡F« Ïl¤Ânyh 

mšyJ bghJthf rKjha¤Âš Ït®fS¡F k‰wt®fis¥ nghš x¤J¥ nghtÂš 

fod« V‰gL« j‹ik. 

F¿¥ò : 

nkny és¡f¥g£lgo xU eg® kd nehahš ghÂ¡f¥g£oUªjhš F¿pL 6I gÂÎ 

brŒaÎ« 

nghij kUªJ gH¡f¤Â‰F moikahd eg®fis kdnehahš ghÂ¡f¥g£lt® 

v‹W fUj¡ TlhJ. _is ts®¢Áæ‹ikia ngh‹W kdnehŒ Ãw¥ÃèUªnj tUtJ 

mšy. Mifahš gÂyë¥nghçl« kdnehahš ghÂ¡f¥g£lt® vtnuD« cŸsduh 

v‹W nf£L¤ bjçªJ bfhŸS§fŸ. kdnehia f©LbfhŸs vªjtifahd 

nrhjidÍ« mtÁaäšiy gÂyë¥ngh® më¡F« étu§fis mj‹gona 

vL¤J¡bfhŸs nt©L«. 

F¿pL 7 - k‰wtif kh‰W¤ Âw‹ (Cd«) : 

nk‰T¿at‰¿š tifgL¤j Koahj kh‰W¤ Âwdhš xUt® ghÂ¡f¥g£oU¡F« 

g£r¤Âš, F¿pL 7 v‹W gÂa nt©L«. ÏÂš kÂ ÏW¡f« (Autism) v‹w nehÍ« 

ml§F«. 

kÂ ÏW¡f« (Autism) v‹gJ Óu‰w Âw‹ nk«gh£L¤ j‹ikia¡ F¿¡F«. 

Ï¤j‹ik ng¢R rf M‰wšfëš Kj‹ikahf ghÂ¥ig V‰gL¤J« kÂ ÏW¡f¤jhš 

ghÂ¡f¥g£l eg® jdJ fU¤J¡fis btë¥gL¤Âlnth k‰wt®fël« k‰W« 

e©g®fël« gHfnth Ïayhjt®fshŒæU¥g®. gy® é¤Âahrkhf xU braiy ÂU«g 

ÂU«g btë¥gL¤J« Fz¤ij bfh©oU¥gt®, jå¤J ÏU¡fÎ« bghU£fël¤Âš 

msÎ¡fÂfkhd éU¥g§fŸ bfh©L«, ga« k‰W« Mg¤ij g‰¿a Áªjida‰W«, 

Ãw® j‹id bjhLtijnah, miz¥gijnah éU«ghjtuhf ÏU¥g®. Ï¤jifa eg®fŸ 

äfÎ« ò¤ÂT®ikÍŸst®fshfÎ« ÏU¡fyh«. 

42


Ï›thwhd k‰w Cd¤Âdhš ghÂ¡f¥g£l egbuåš F¿p£L v©.7I bfhL¡fÎ«. 

F¿pL 8 - gytif Cd« : 

gytif kh‰W¤Âwdhë v‹gJ Ïu©nlh mšyJ mj‰F nkyhd Cd§fis 

bfh©oU¥gJ vªj xU eg® kh‰W¤Âw‹ tif¥g£oaèš 1 Kjš 7 tiuæyhd 

tiffëš Ïu©nlh mšyJ mj‰F nkyhditfëš ghÂ¡f¥g£oU¥Ã‹ gyif 

Cd¤Âdhš ghÂ¡f¥g£LŸsh® vd fUj¥gLt®. fz¡bfL¡F«nghJ gytif 

kh‰W¤ÂwDŸstiu Ú§fŸ rªÂ¡fyh«. m›thbuåš mt®fsJ Cd§fis 

vªjbthU ghug£rä‹¿ m¥gona gÂÎ brŒant©L«. Ú§fŸ ngrÎ« nf£fÎ« 

Koahj eg®fis¡ fhz¡TL«. Ï¤jifa eg®fŸ fhJ nf£fhjjhšjh‹ ngrKoahkš 

ÏU¥gh®fŸ. Ït®fis gytif Cd« v‹w Ãçéš F¿pL 8I gÂÎ brŒaÎ«. 

F¿pL 9 - kh‰W¤Âwdhë mšy : 

xU cW¥Ãd® vªjéjkhd kh‰W¤ÂwidÍ« bfh©oU¡féšiybaåš 

mjhtJ vªjéjkhd clšey¡FiwghLfŸ Ïšiybaåš mªj cW¥ÃdU¡fhd 

F¿pL 9 v‹W gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

F¿¥ò 

x£o¥Ãwªj Ïu£ila®, X® clš Ïu©L jiy M»nahiu miréš FiwghLfŸ 

cilat® v‹W fUj nt©L«. ÏnjhL nr®¤J ntW VjhtJ clš FiwghLŸs 

Ãu¢rid ÏUªjhš mt®fŸ gštif kh‰W¤ÂwdhëfŸ v‹W fUj nt©L«. 

fy« 14 - ehŸg£l éahÂ 

mÂfehŸ Úo¤ÂU¡F« mšyJ Û©L« Û©L« tU« gyÅd¥gL¤J« éahÂ 

ò‰W nehŒ - F¿pL 1 

fhr nehŒ - F¿pL 2 

bjhGnehŒ - F¿pL 3 

k‰w nehŒ (F¿¥ÃLf) - F¿pL 4 

ehŸg£l éahÂ Ïšiy - F¿pL 5 

43


fy« 15 - kj« (kj¤Â‹ bgaiu KGikahf vGjÎ«) 

Ïªj nfŸé¡F, x›bthU FL«g cW¥ÃdU« vªj éil brhš»wh®fnsh mªj 

éilia KGtJkhf x›bthU cW¥ÃdU¡F« gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. bjçé¡f¥gL« 

gÂiy F¿¤J, Ú§fŸ FL«g cW¥Ãdçl« éthj« brŒa TlhJ. c©ikahf 

brhšy¥g£l éilia brhšy¥g£lthW gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

• Áy neu§fëš FL«g cW¥Ãd® brhšY« gÂèš, eh« kj« v‹W fUJ« 

mik¥Ã‰F khwhf, mt®fSila Ïšy«, Fy bjŒt« mšyJ brhªj gªj¤Âš 

tH¡»š cŸs bga®fis brhšy¡TL«. Ï¤jifa rªj®¥g¤ÂY« “kj«” 

v‹gj‰F és¡f« brhšyhkš, mt®fŸ TWtijna m›thnw gÂÎ brŒjš 

nt©L«. 

• mnjnghš kj¤Â‰F«, jhŒbkhê, ngR»‹w bkhê, Ïd«, Fo Kjèat‰iwÍ« 

bjhl®ò gL¤Â ngRtij jé®¡f nt©L«. gÂyë¥gt® kj« v‹W brhštij 

m›thnw gÂÎ brŒaÎ«. 

• FL«g¤Âš cŸs mid¤J cW¥Ãd®fS« xnu xU kj¤ij Ã‹g‰w nt©L« 

v‹gÂšiy. vdnt Ïªj¡ nfŸéia x›bthU FL«g cW¥ÃdçlK« nf£f 

nt©L«. 

• kj¤ij F¿¡F« nfŸé¡F c©ikahd gÂš ju¥gléšiy v‹whY«, 

mt®fŸ brhštij kj¤Â‰Fça gÂyhf gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. fz¡bfL¥ghs® 

ÏJ F¿¤J fz¡bfL¥ò nk‰gh®itahsçl« m¿é¤J mt® _y« 

rçgh®¡fyh«. 

• vªj rªj®g¤ÂyhtJ X® cW¥Ãd®, mtU¡F vªj kjK« Ïšiy v‹W brhšY« 

nghJ, kj« Ïšiy v‹W gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

fy« 16 - rhÂ / gH§Fo-æ‹ ãiy 

(Ñœf©l F¿pLfis gÂY¡nf‰wthW gÂa nt©L«) 

bõ£oôšL tF¥Ãd® : 1 

bõ£oôšL gH§Foæd® : 2 

k‰wt® : 3 

vªj rhÂ / gH§FoiaÍ« rhuhjt® : 4 

(bõ£oôšL tF¥Ãd® (SC) ÏªJ, Ó¡»a k‰W« ò¤j kj¤ij¢ rh®ªjtuhf¤jh‹ 

ÏU¡fnt©L«. bõ£oôšL gH§Foæd® (ST) vªj kj¤ij¢ rh®ªjtuhfÎ« 

ÏU¡fyh«) 

44


• Ïªj nfŸé¡fhd éil 1, 2 mšyJ 3 våš fy« 16š rhÂ / gH§Foæd® bgaiu 

KGikahf, bjëthf gÂÎ brŒjš nt©L«. 

• Ïªj nfŸé¡fhd éil 4 våš fy« 17š “X” v‹W gÂa nt©L«. 

• cW¥Ãd® xUt® rhÂ / gH§Fo Ïšiyba‹W brh‹dhš mj‰F “rhÂ Ïšiy” 

v‹W gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

1. kj« vJthf ÏUªjhY«, fy« 16 k‰W« 17I mid¤J eg®fS¡F« ó®¤Â brŒa 

nt©L«. 

2. Ï¡nfŸéia, gÂyë¥gtU¡nfh mšyJ FL«g cW¥Ãd®fS¡nfh kd« 

ò©glhjthW äfÎ« ftdkhf nf£f nt©L«. 

3. rhÂ / gH§Fo v‹W gÂyë¥gt® TWtij g‰¿ gÂyë¥gtçlnkh, FL«g 

cW¥Ãd®fëlnkh, vªjéjkhd éthj¤ÂY«


7. Ï¡nfŸé¡fhd gÂiy gÂÎ brŒÍ«nghJ vªjéjkhd Mtz¤ijÍ« 

rçgh®¡f¤ njitæšiy. Mdhš¦ gÂyë¥gt® T¿aÂy¦ rªnjf« njh‹¿dhš¦ 

mij c§fŸ¦ nk‰gh®itahsçl« T¿ rçgh®¡fyh«. 

8. cW¥Ãd® xUt® rhÂ / gH§Fo Ïšiyba‹W brh‹dhš¦ mj‰F “vªj rhÂ / 

gH§FoiaÍ« rhuhjt®-4’’ v‹W gÂÎ brŒant©L«. 

bõ£oôšL Ïd¤jt® : F¿pL - 1 

• x›bthU khãy¤ÂY« mªjªj gFÂfëš tÁ¡F« bõ£oôšL Ïd¤jtç‹ 

g£oaš guhkç¡f¥gL»wJ. xU khãy¤Âš cŸs bõ£oôšL Ïd¤jt® ntW 

khãy¤Âš ÏU¡f thŒ¥Ãšiy. mjdhš jäœeh£oš cŸs bõ£oôšL Ïd¤jt® 

g£oaš c§fS¡F¤ ju¥g£LŸsJ. 

• Kjèš FL«g cW¥Ãd® bõ£oôšL Ïd¤ij rh®ªjtuh mšyJ rh®ªÂuhjtuh 

v‹W nf£L¤ bjçªJ bfhŸs nt©L«. mt® jh‹ bõ£ôšL tF¥ig¢ rh®ªjt® 

v‹W T¿dhš mªj bõ£oôšL Ïd¤Â‹¦ tF¥Ã‹ bga® v‹d v‹W nf£f 

nt©L«. j‰nghJ c§fSila ifæèU¡F« bõ£oôšL Ïd¤jt® g£oaiy¥ 

gh®¡fÎ«. g£oaèš mt® brhš»‹w bga® Ïl« bg‰¿Uªjhš, fy« 15š kj« 

g‰¿a étu§fis rçgh®¡fÎ«. mt® jh‹ ÏªJ, Ó¡»a«, ò¤j kj« v‹W 

brh‹dhš k£Lnk, F¿pL 1 gÂÎ brŒaÎ«. Ï§F ÏªJ¡fŸ mšyJ Ó¡»a®fŸ 

mšyJ ò¤j kj¤Âd® j§fsJ Ïd¤ijÍ«, e«Ã¡ifiaÍ« Ïiz¤J¡ 

bfhŸsyh«. 

• xU ntis Ú§fŸ bõ£oôšL Ïd¤jt® tF¥ig¢ nr®ªjtuh v‹W nf£f¥gL« 

nfŸé¡F »il¡F« gÂš c§fSila g£oaèš Ïšiyba‹whnyh mšyJ 

mt® ÏªJ, Ó¡»a k‰W« ò¤j kj§fis¤ jéu ntW vªj kj¤ij F¿¥Ã£lhnyh, 

mt® “k‰wt®” v‹W fUÂ F¿pL 3 vd gÂÎ brŒa¥glš nt©L«. 

bõ£oôšL gH§Foæd® : F¿pL -2 

• xU khãy« / k¤Âa M£Á gFÂæš ÏU¡F« bõ£ošL gH§Foæd® k‰w 

khãy« / k¤Âa M£Á¥ gFÂæš ÏU¡fkh£lh®fŸ¦. vdnt, c§fS¡F jäœeh£oš 

cŸs bõ£oôšL gH§Foæd® g£oaš tH§f¥g£LŸsJ. eh« fz¡bfL¥gj‰F 

tH§f¥g£l g£oaèš cŸs eg® bõ£oôšL gH§Foæduh v‹gij 

r«gªj¥g£lt®g‰¿ Kjèš cWÂ brŒJ bfhŸs nt©L«. eh« fz¡bfL¡F« 

eg® bõ£oôšL gH§Foæd® vd r«gªj¥g£lt® bjçé¤jhš mtUila 

bõ£oôšL gH§Foæd¥ bgaiu tH§f¥g£l g£oaèš Ïl« bg‰WŸsjh v‹gij 

cWÂ brŒJ bfhŸsnt©L«. g£oaèš Ïl« bg‰¿Uªjhš k£Lnk F¿pL-2 vd¡ 

bfhL¡f nt©L«. 

• mªj¥ bga® bõ£oôšL gH§Foæd¥ g£oaèš Ïl« bgwéšiy våš k‰wt® 

vd¡fUÂ mt®fS¡F F¿pL-3 gÂÎ brŒa¥gl nt©L«. 

46


k‰wt® : F¿pL -3 

Ï¡nfŸé¡F, gÂyë¥gt® bõ£ôšL tF¥Ãd® / bõ£ôšL gH§Foæd® 

Ïd¤ij rhuhjt® v‹W T¿dhš, mªegU¡F k‰wtU¡fhd F¿pL-3I gÂaÎ«. 

Áy kj§fëš rhÂ / gH§Fo Ãçéd® vd¡ f©l¿a Koahj FG¡fŸ ÏU¡fyh«. 

Mdhš mnjneu¤Âš rhÂ / gH§Foæd® ãfuhd gy bga®fëš milahs« 

fhz¡Toa ÃçÎfŸ cs¦sd. r«gªj¥g£lt® mtŸ / mt‹ mšyJ mtDila / 

mtSila FL«g¤ÂYŸs cW¥Ãd®fŸ xU F¿¥Ã£l Ãçit¢ rh®ªjt®fŸ v‹W« 

mªj¥ Ãçit j§fSila rhÂ / gH§Foæduhf¤ bjçé¡f éU«Ãdhš mt®fSila 

bga®fS¡F vÂnu fy« 16-š 3 vd gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

Áy neu§¦fëš fz¡bfL¡f nt©oa Å£oYŸs eg®fë‹ rhÂ / gH§Foæd® 

M»ait bjçahkš ngh»‹w ãiy V‰gL«. Ïªj ãfœÎfëš c§fSila tUifæ‹ 

nghJ mt® / mtŸ FL«g¤ÂdUl‹ ÏUªjhš Kjèš Å£oYŸs eg®fë‹ rhÂ / 

gH§Foæd« m¿a K‰gl nt©L«. nkY« mtUila rhÂ / gH§Fo M»at‰iw 

m¿ªJ bfhŸS« Ka‰Áfëš njhšé V‰g£lhš Ïªj¡ nfŸé¡F F¿pL 3 vd gÂÎ 

brŒa nt©L«. 

vªj rhÂ / gH§FoiaÍ« rhuhjt® : F¿pL-4 

Áy eg®fŸ mt® / mtŸ mšyJ mªj¡ FL«g¤ÂYŸst®fŸ vªj rhÂ / gH§Fo 

tF¥ÃidÍ« rhuhjt® vd¤ bjçé¤jhš, Ïªj¡ nfŸé¡F ÑnH “4’’ vd gÂÎ 

brŒJ¡bfhŸs nt©L«. 

x›bthUtU¡F« 1 Kjš 4 tiuæYŸs F¿pLfëš f£lha« VnjD« x‹iw 

Ïªj¡ nfŸé¡F gÂyhf brhšèæU¡f nt©L« v‹gij jaÎ T®ªJ 

ftå¤J¡bfhŸs nt©L«. rhÂ k‰W« gH§Fo ÃçÎ Ã‹d® tšYe® FGthš 

tif¥gL¤j¥gL«. 

fy«-17, fy« 16-š F¿pL 1, 2 mšyJ 3 vd F¿¡f¥g£oUªjhš rhÂ / gH§Foæd® 

bga® vGjÎ«, fy« 16š F¿pL 4 F¿¡f¥g£oUªjhš “X ’’ vd gÂÎ brŒaÎ«. 

fy« 16-š bõ£ô£L tF¥Ãd® (SC), mjhtJ F¿pL-1 v‹W gÂÎ brŒa¥g£l 

egU¡F, jäœehL murhš tH§f¥g£l bõ£ôšL tF¥Ãd® g£oay¦ ÏUªJ, bõ£ôšL 

tF¥Ãd® rhÂæ‹ bgaiuÍ« KGikahf fy« 17š gÂÎ brŒant©L«. 

fy« 16-š bõ£ôšL gH§Foæd® (ST) mjhtJ F¿pL-2 v‹W gÂa¥g£l egU¡F 

jäœehL murhš tH§f¥g£l bõ£ôšL gH§Foæd® g£oaèš ÏUªJ bõ£ôšL 

gH§Foæd® bgaiu, fy« 17š gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

bõ£oôšL tF¥ò mšyJ bõ£ôšL gH§Foia¢ rh®ªj xUt® bõ£ôšL 

tF¥ò mšyJ mj‹ c£Ãçé‹ bgaiu F¿¥Ã£lhš mt® F¿¥ÃL« bga® c§fS¡F 

47


bfhL¡f¥g£LŸs g£oaèš ÏUªjhš k£Lnk mtiu bõ£ôšL tF¥Ãd® mšyJ 

bõ£ôšL gH§Foæduhf fUjnt©L«. mnjnghš Ï¡nfŸé¡fhd gÂš 

bghJ¥gilahf Aç#‹ / »ç#‹ (m) m¢R¤ / MÂthÁ v‹nw ÏU¡Fkhdhš mªegiu 

bõ£ôšL tF¥ò / bõ£ôšL gH§Foia rh®ªjtuhf¡ fUj¡ TlhJ. Ï¢rªj®¥g¤Âš 

bõ£ôšL tF¥ò, bõ£ôšL gH§Foædç‹¦ rçahd, bgaiu¡ nf£l¿ªJ m¥bga® 

c§fS¡F bfhL¡f¥g£LŸs g£oaèš fhz¥g£lhš k£Lnk mtiu bõ£ôšL tF¥ò 

(m) bõ£ôšL gH§Foia¢ rh®ªjtuhf¡ fUj nt©L«. xU eg® j‹id Aç#‹ / 

m¢R¤ mšyJ MÂthÁ mšyJ »ç#‹ v‹W bghJthd bgauhnyh mšyJ tF¥ò / 

gH§Foæ‹ c£bgauhnyh jh‹ F¿¡f nt©L« v‹W ã®¥gªj« brŒjš, mtçl« 

Ï›és¡f« k¡fŸ bjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‰F nghJkhdjšy v‹W T¿ mtuJ 

c©ikahd bõ£ôšL tF¥ò (m) gH§Foæ‹ bgaiu¡ TWkhW 

nf£L¡bfhŸsnt©L«. Ï›thW TWtJ bõ£ôšL tF¥ò mšyJ bõ£ôšL 

gH§Foæ‹ c©ikahd bgaiu m¿ªJ bfhŸs cjÎ«. xU eg® j‹id bõ£ôšL 

tF¥ò (m) bõ£ôšL gH§Foia¢ rh®ªjt® v‹W« Mdhš, mt®fŸ thG« 

m¥gFÂ¡F mÂfhu¥ó®tkhf m¿é¡f¥g£LŸs g£oaèš Ïl« bgwhkY« k‰W« 

c§fS¡F bfhL¡f¥g£LŸs bõ£ôšL tF¥ò / bõ£ôšL gH§Fo¡fhd g£oaèš 

cŸs vªj xU bgaiuÍ« rhuhjtuhfÎ« ÏUªjhš mªegiu bõ£ôšL tF¥ò mšyJ 

bõ£ôšL gH§Foia¢ rh®ªjtuhf¡ fUj¡ TlhJ. 

eg® bõ£ôšL tF¥ò k‰W« bõ£ôšL gH§Foia rhuhjtuhf ÏUªJ, mtU¡F 

fy« 16š k‰wt®fS¡fhd F¿pL 3 vd gÂÎ brŒÂUªjhš, Ï¡nfŸé¡bfÂnu rhÂ / 

gH§Foæ‹ bgaiu gÂyë¥gt® T¿athW gÂÎ brŒÍ«. 

Áy kj§fëš rhÂ / gH§Fo Ãçéd® vd¡ f©l¿a Koahj FG¡fŸ ÏU¡fyh«. 

Mdhš mnj neu¤Âš, rhÂ / gH§Foæd¤Â‰F ãfuhd gy bga®fëš milahs« 

fhz¡Toa ÃçÎfŸ cŸsd. r«gªj¥g£lt® mtŸ / mt‹ mšyJ mtDila / 

mtSila FL«g¤ÂYŸs cW¥Ãd®fŸ xU F¿¥Ã£l Ãçit¢ rh®ªjt®fŸ v‹W« 

mªj¥ Ãçit j§fSila rhÂ /gH§Foædkhf¤ bjçé¡f éU«Ãdhš, mt®fSila 

bgaU¡F vÂnu nfŸé 17š mt®fŸ T¿athW rhÂ / gH§Foæ‹ bgaiu gÂÎ 

brŒaÎ«. 

fy« 16š 3 v‹w F¿pL bfhL¡f¥g£oUªj egU¡F gÂyë¥gt® mªj egUila 

rhÂ / gH§Foæ‹ bga® bjçaéšiy v‹W T¿dhš, nfŸé 17š “bjçaéšiy’’ v‹W 

gÂaÎ«. 

fy« 16š “vªj rhÂ / gH§Fo rhuhjt®’’ mjhtJ F¿pL-4 vd gÂÎ brŒa¥g£l 

egU¡F fy« 17š “X’’ v‹W gÂÎ brŒaÎ«. 

kh¿tU« r_f NHèš, rhÂ mšyJ gH§Foia tiuaW¥gJ fodkhd x‹W. 

nfŸé¡fhd gÂiy FL«g cW¥Ãd® brhšy K‰gL«nghJ mtUila Ïd«, rhÂ, 

Fy«, FL«g bga®, FybjŒt¥bga® ngh‹w gyt‰iw gÂyë¡fyh«, mt‰iw 

tif¥gL¤jnth mšyJ Ãç¡fnth Ka‰Á¡f¡ TlhJ. Ï¡nfŸéæ‹ neh¡f«, 

gÂyë¥gt® TW« bgaiu mt® T¿agona gÂÎ brŒtnj MF«. 

48


r_f - bghUshjhu k‰W« rhÂ fz¡bfL¥ò - 2011 - nfŸé m£ltiz - ef®òu« 

Ãsh¡ - E : FL«g¤Â‰fhd étu§fŸ Side - B 

ÃçÎ-1 

ÅL / tÁ¥Ãl« 

ÃçÎ-2 

trÂfs¦ 

ÃçÎ-3 Ï¡FL«g¤Â‰F Ñœf©l 

brh¤J¡fŸ cŸsdth? 

(F¿pL bfhL¡fÎ«) 

tÁ¡F« miwæ‹ RtU¡F Ãujhdkhf gad¦gL¤j¥g£l 

f£Lkhd bghUs¦ (F¿pL v©) 

tÁ¡F« miwæ‹ Tiu¡F Ãujhdkhf gad¦gL¤j¥g£l f£Lkhd bghUs¦(F¿pL v©) 

Ïªj Å£o‹ cçik ãiy 

(1.brhªjkhd, 2. thlif, 3. g§¦F, 4.ntiy më¥gtUl‹ tÁ¥gt®, 5. ntiy 

më¥gt® bfhL¡F« Å£oy¦ tÁ¥gt® , 6. Ïju tif 

Ïªj Å£o‰F Ãu¤Ânafkhf cŸs thG« miwæ‹ v©â¡if 

(0,1,2,3 …….. vd gÂÎ brŒaÎ«) 

FoÚ® trÂ »il¡F« Ïl« 

1. Å£od¦ cs¦ns, 2.Å£od¦ mU»y¦, 3. bjhiyéy¦ 

és¡F xë¡fhd Ãujhd vçbghUŸ 

1.äd¦ Ïiz¥ò, 2.k©bz©bza¦, 3.Nça r¡Â, 4.Ïju 

v©bza¦ , 5.kw¦wit 6. és¡F trÂ Ïy¦iy 

FL«g« Ãu¤Ânafkhf Ú® fêtiw gad¦gL¤J»wjh (1.M«, 2.Ïy¦iy) 

fêÎÚ® btënaw Ïiz¥ò 

(1._oa tofhy¦, 2.Âwªj tofhy¦, 3.tofhy¦ Ïiz¥ò Ïy¦iy 

FL«g rikaY¡bf‹W jå miw ga‹gL»wjh? 

(1-M«, 2-Ïšiy) 

Fë®gjd bg£o (Refrigerator) cs¦sjh (1.M«, 2.Ïy¦iy) 

bjhiyngÁ / ifngÁ cs¦sjh(M« : bjhiyngÁ k£L« - 1, 

ifngÁ k£L«-2, Ïu©L«-3, vJÎ« Ïy¦iy-4 ) 

fâå / ko¡fâå cŸsjh? (M« : Ïiza trÂÍl‹-1¦, 

Ïiza trÂ Ïy¦yhkš-2¦, vJÎ« Ïy¦iy-3) 

ÏaªÂu thfd« cŸsjh? (1.ÏUr¡fu«, 2.Kd¦W r¡fu«, 

3.ehd¦F r¡fu«, 4. vJÎ« Ïy¦iy) 

Fë®rhjdbg£o (AC) cŸsjh? (1.M«, 2.Ïy¦iy) 

Jit¡F« ÏaªÂu« cŸsjh? (1.M«, 2.Ïy¦iy) 

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 

Ãsh¡ -E - ¡fhd F¿pL : 

fy« v© 1 : tÁ¡F« miwæ‹ ¦ RtU¡F Ãujhdkhf 

ga‹gL¤j¥g£l f£Lkhd¥ bghUŸ¦ 

1. Òòš¦/Xiy/_§»š ngh‹wit 

2. Ãsh°o¡/ghèÔ‹¦ 

3. k©/Rlhj br§fš¦ 

4. ku« 

5. ór¥glhj fš¦ Rt® 

6. ór¥g£l fš Rt® 

7. í.I cnyhf« / M°bg°lh° jfLfŸ 

8. R£l br§¦fš¦ 

9. fh‹»ß£ 

0. Ïju tif 

fy« v© 2 : tÁ¡F« miwæ‹ Tiu¡F Ãujhdkhf 

ga‹gL¤j¥g£l bghUŸ¦ 

1. òš¦/Xiy/_§»š¦/ku«/k© ngh‹wit 


3. ifahš jahç¡f¥gL« XLfŸ 

4. ÏaªÂu c‰g¤Â XLfŸ 

5. R£l br§fš¦ 

6. fš 

7. f‰gyif 

8. í.I cnyhf«/ M°bg°lh° jfLfŸ 

9. fh‹»ß£ 

0. Ïju tif 

Ãsh¡ - F: f£lha cWÂbkhê 

fz¡bfL¥ò KoªjÎl‹¦ fz¡bfL¥ghs® ÑnH F¿¥Ãl¥g£LŸs nfŸéfis gÂyë¥gtçl« nf£f nt©L«. 

1. kj« k‰W« rhÂ / gH§Fo g‰¿a étu§fŸ jéu k‰w étu§fis bghJ btëpL brŒa 

Ï¡FL«g cW¥Ãd®fŸ x¥òjš më¤JŸsduh? ( M« -1 , Ïšiy -2) 

2. gÂyë¥gt® bfhL¤j jftšfis fz¡bfL¥ghs® x¤J¡ bfhŸ»whuh? (M« -1 , Ïšiy -2) 

3. Ãsh¡ F nfŸé¡F “Ïšiy” våš éçthd fhuz« bfhL¡fÎ« (100 vG¤J¡fS¡F äfhkš¦) 

49


Ãsh¡ - E 

ÃçÎ – I 

FoæU¥Ã‹ j‹ikfŸ 

(nfŸé 1 - 4) 

Ïªj gFÂæš (nfŸéfŸ 1 Kjš 4 tiu) nf£f¥gL« nfŸéfŸ ahÎ« FL«g« 

FoæU¡f ga‹gL¤J« FoæU¥ig F¿¤nj ÏU¡F«. Ï¡nfŸéfis Ål‰w 

FL«g§fS¡F (Houseless-households) nf£f TlhJ, njitÍ« Ïšiy. 

fy« - 1 : tÁ¡F« miwæ‹ Rtuhf Ãujhdkhf ga‹gL¤j¥g£l f£Lkhd¥ bghUŸ 

Rt® mik¡f bgU«ghY« ga‹gL¤j¥g£l f£Lkhd bghUŸ F¿¤j gÂY¡F 1 

Kjš 9 k‰W« 0 tiuæyhd F¿pLfŸ got¤Âš filÁæš cŸsd. Rt® mšyJ 

jL¥ò mik¡f bgU«ghY« ga‹gL¤j¥g£l bghUis Ïªj 1 Kjš 9 k‰W« 0 

F¿p£il¡ bfh©L gÂÎ brŒjš nt©L«. F¿pLfŸ 1 Kjš 5 tiu F¿¡F« 

bghU£fŸ ãiy¤j j‹ik m‰w bghU£fisna F¿¥gjhf mikÍ«. F¿pLfŸ 6 

Kjš 9 tiuæš cŸs bghU£fŸ Úo¤J ãiy¡F« j‹ikÍilajhf mikÍ«. 

bgU«ghY« Rt‰¿š fyit mšyJ t®z« ór¥g£oUªjhš, Rt® vG¥g 

ga‹gL¤j¥g£l bghUŸ v‹d v‹gij f©Lzu ÏayhJ. Ï¤jifa rªj®¥g§fëš 

gÂyë¥gtçl« bjëthf¡ nf£l¿ªJ, Ã‹ò mj‰fhd jFªj F¿p£il gÂÎ brŒa 

nt©L«. cjhuzkhf, k© mšyJ Rlhj br§fšèdhš Rt® mik¡f¥g£oUªJ, 

Ábk©£ mšyJ t®z« bfh©L ór¥g£oUªjhš F¿pL 3 mšyJ 8 vd gÂÎ brŒtJ 

v‹gÂš Áuk« V‰glyh«. 

Ïij¥ ngh‹W f‰fis mL¡» Rt® vG¥g¥g£oU¡fyh«. mL¡f¥g£l f‰fŸ 

R©zh«ò mšyJ Ábk©£ bfh©L x‹Wl‹ x‹W Ïiz¡f¥gléšiyba‹whš 

F¿pL 5 vd gÂÎ brŒa¥gl nt©L«. f‰fshš mik¡f¥g£l Rt®, R©zh«ò mšyJ 

Ábk©£ fyit bfh©L e‹whf f£l¥g£oUªjhš F¿pL 6 v‹W gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

ku¤Âdhš Rt® mik¡f¥g£oUªjhš F¿pL 4 v‹W gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

ÃisÎ£ k‰W« ik¡fh x£l¥g£l gyiffŸ bfh©L Rt® mik¡f¥g£oUªjhY« 

F¿pL 4 v‹nw gÂÎ brŒa¥gl nt©L«. FoæU¥ò gFÂæ‹ Rt® Ábk©£ f‰fshš 

f£l¥g£oUªjhš mj‰F F¿pL 8 v‹W gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

xUntis gÂyë¥gt® Rt® f£l ga‹gL¤j¥g£l f£Lkhd¥ bghUŸ F¿¤j 

étu« bjçaéšiybad¤ bjçé¤jhnyh mšyJ, f©gh®itahš gh®¤J bjçªJ 

bfhŸs Ïayhj ãiy ÏU¡F« nghnjh F¿pL 0 v‹W gÂa nt©L«. Ïj‰F Ïju Ãw 

bghU£fŸ v‹W bghUŸgL«. 

bghJthf FoæU¥ò miwæ‹ Rt® mik¡f Ãujhdkhf ga‹gL¤j¥g£l 

f£Lkhd¥ bghUŸ vJ v‹gij m¿ªJ mj‰Fça F¿p£il gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

F¿¥ò : tl»H¡F k‰W« kiy gFÂfëš cŸs tÁ¥Ãl§fëš f£l¥g£l Rtçš ghÂ 

Ábk©£ fh‹»ß£ k‰W« ghÂ _§»š k‰W« k© fyit fhz¥gL«. Ï›tifahd 

Rt®fŸ nk‰f©l gFÂfëš rhjhuzkhf fhz¥gL«, Mdhš ãiyahdjhf ÏU¡F«. 

Ïªãiyæš jftš bjçé¥gtçl« ÅL f£Lkhd¤Â‰F ga‹gL¤j¥g£LŸs 

bghU£fëš bkh¤j¤Âš, ÃujhdkhfÎ«, ãiyahd j‹ikÍŸs f£Lkhd¥ 

bghU£fë‹ étu« bjçªJ rçahd F¿pL mjhtJ 9I bfhL¡f nt©L«. 

50


fy«: 1 miwæ‹ Rt‰¿š Ãujhdkhf ga‹gL¤j¥g£l 

f£Lkhd bghUŸ (F¿pL v©) 

F¿pL 

bghUŸ 

1 òš/it¡nfhš/ _§»š 

2 Ãsh°o¡/ghè¤Ô‹ 

3 k©, Rl¥glhj br§fš 

4 ku« 

5 ór¥glhj fš Rt® 

6 ór¥g£l fš Rt® 

7 ÏU«ò / cnyhf« / fšeh® 

8 R£l br§fš 

9 fh‹»ß£ 

0 Ïjuit 

fy« -2 : tÁ¡F« miwæ‹ Tiuahf, Ãujhdkhf ga‹gL¤j¥g£l f£Lkhd¥ bghUŸ¦ 

Tiuæ‹ f£Lkhd¥ bghUŸ vJbt‹W f©l¿ªJ gÂÎ brŒa 1 Kjš 9 k‰W« 

0 M»a F¿p£L v©fŸ m£ltizæ‹ Ñœ gFÂæš bfhL¡f¥g£LŸsJ. 

Tiuæ‹ Ãujhd f£Lkhd¥ bghUŸ vJbt‹W cWÂ brŒjÃ‹ mj‰fhd 

F¿p£bl©iz Ï¡fy¤Âš F¿¡fÎ«. TiuahdJ Ãujhdkhf R£l br§f‰fŸ 

M»at‰Wl‹ Ãokhd¥ bghUshf k© mšyJ Ábk©£ mšyJ R©zh«ò fyit¡ 

bfh©L f£l¥g£oUªjhš Ïj‹ Ãujhd f£Lkhd¥ bghUŸ k© mšyJ Ábk©£ 

mšyJ R©zh«ò MfhJ. Mfnt Ï§F Tiu¡fhd f£Lkhd¥ bghUŸ R£l br§fš 

mšyJ fš. ÏÂš vJ bghUªJnkh mJnt MF«. Vbdåš br§fš¦ mšyJ fš¦ 

Tiuahf¥ Ã‹d¥g£LŸsJ. Tiuæ‹ f£Lkhd¥ bghUŸ î§»š (Shingle) v‹w 

bghUshf ÏUªjhš ÏJÎ« f‰gyifÍ« (Slate) x‹W v‹W fUÂ mj‰F 7 v‹w F¿p£L 

v© bfhL¡f nt©L«. 

Tiuæ‹ f£Lkhd¥ bghUŸ vJ v‹gij¡ Ô®khå¡f Tiuæ‹ nkšgFÂ¡F¥ 

ga‹gL¤j¥g£LŸs f£Lkhd¥ bghUŸ mjhtJ Mfha« neh¡»ÍŸs j£g bt¥g¤ij 

jh§F« bghUisna fz¡»š bfhŸs nt©L«. Tiuæ‹ ÑœgFÂia mšy. x‹W¡F 

nk‰g£l js§fisÍila gykho f£ll§fëš ÏJ äfÎ« K¡»akhdjhF«. 

cjhuzkhf kiy¥gFÂfëš jiu¤js¤Â‹ TiuahdJ ku¤jhš f£l¥g£oU¡F«. 

Mdhš j£g bt¥g¤ij jh§F« Mfha« neh¡»ÍŸs gFÂ fh§»ß£ Mf ÏU¡F«. 

Ï¢rªj®¥g¤Âš mªj f£ll¤Âš mikªJŸs br‹r° ÅLfë‹ Tiuæ‹ f£Lkhd¥ 

bghUŸ fh§»ß£ v‹W fUj¥gl nt©L«. Áy rka§fëš KG ÅL« fh§»ß£ 

Tiuia¡ bfh©oU¡F«. ÏU¥ÃD« m§nf j‰fhèf f£Lkhd§fŸ Xiyia 

Tiuahf¡ bfh©L f£l¥g£L ÏU¡fyh«. Ï¤jifa Nœãiyæš Tiuæ‹ f£Lkhd« 

Xiyahš f£l¥g£oUªjhY« j£gbt¥g¤ij jh§F« nkšgFÂ Xiyba‹whY« Tl, 

Tiuæ‹ f£Lkhd¥ bghUshf Ï§nf fh§»ß£il¤jh‹ vL¤J¡bfhŸs nt©L«. 

F¿p£bl‹ 4š ÏaªÂu¤jhš jahç¡f¥g£l XLfŸ v‹gJ ifahš jahç¡f¥glhkš 

51


ÏaªÂu« bfh©L jahç¡f¥g£L Tiuæ‹ f£Lkhd¥ bghUshf¥ ga‹gL¤j¥gL« 

mid¤J tif XLfS« MF«. ifahš jahç¡f¥gL« XLfŸ eh£o‹ bt›ntW 

gFÂfëš bt›ntW bga®fis¡bfh©oU¡F«. TiuahdJ Ábk©£ xLfshš 

mik¡f¥g£oUªjhš mj‰F 4 v‹w F¿p£bl©iz¡ bfhL¡fÎ«. 

F¿pL 

fy«:2 tÁ¡F« miwæ‹ Tiuæš Ãujhdkhf 

ga‹gL¤j¥g£l bghUŸ (F¿pL v©) 

bghUŸ 

1 òš/it¡nfhš/ _§»š/ ku« / k© Kjèad 

2 Ãsh°o¡/ghè¤Ô‹ 

3 iféid XL 

4 ÏaªÂu c‰g¤Â XL 

5 R£l br§fš 

6 fš 

7 f‰gyif 

8 ÏU«ò / cnyhf« / fšeh® 

9 fh‹»ß£ 

0 Ïjuit 

fy« 3 :- FoæU¥Ã‹ cçik ãiy 

FoæU¥Ã‹ cçikãiy F¿¤j étu¤ij bjçªJ gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

FoæU¥gtU¡F brhªjkhd ÅL v‹whš F¿pL 1 v‹W«, thlif ÅL v‹whš F¿pL 

2 v‹W«, x‹¿‰F nk‰g£l FL«g§fŸ g»®ªJ bfh©l ãiyæš F¿pL 3 vdÎ« 

ntiy më¥gtUl‹ tÁ¤jhš F¿pL 4 vdÎ«, ntiy më¥gt® bfhL¡F« Å£oš 

tÁ¤jhš F¿pL 5 vdÎ« Ïjuit v‹whš F¿pL 6 v‹W« gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

Ïjuit v‹gJ thlifna Ïšyhj FoæU¥ò mšyJ ga‹gL¤j¥glhkš él¥g£l 

Å£oš FoæUªJ tUtJ M»aitÍ« ml§F«. 

brhªj ÅL : F¿pL - 1 

br‹r° Å£o‹ cçik ãiyia Ïªj¡ fy¤Âš F¿¡f nt©L«. xU FL«g« 

jd¡F brhªjkhd Å£oš ntW vtU¡F« thlif v‹W vJÎ« juhkš tÁ¤J tªjhš, 

mªj FL«g« brhªjkhd Å£oš tÁ¥gjhf fUj¥gL«. xU FL«g« xU Å£onyh 

mšyJ mL¡Fkho f£ol¤Âš, xU j£L Å£onyh (Flat) brhªj« v‹w mo¥gilæš 

mj‰fhd jtizfŸ brY¤Â¡bfh©L« tÁ¡F« FL«g¤ij všyh jtizfisÍ« 

brY¤jhé£lhY« Tl brhªj Å£oš tÁ¥gjhf fUj nt©L«. Ïªãiyfëš Ïªj 

fy¤Âš 1 vd vGjÎ«. 

thlif ÅL : F¿pL - 2 

xU FL«g« thlif Å£oš tÁ¡Fkhæ‹ Ï¡fy¤Âš 2 vd vGjÎ«. xU 

Å£o‰F mÂš FoæU¥gt® gzkhfnth mšyJ bghUshfnth thlif bfhL¤jhnyh 

52


mšyJ gz« bfhL¥gjhf x¥gªj« brŒJbfh©lhnyh mªj ÅL thlif ÅL vd 

vL¤J¡bfhŸs nt©L«. Áy rka« FL«g« jh‹ FoæU¡F« Å£il thlif¡F 

vL¤J Mdhš Å£L cçikahsçl« r¢ruÎ mšyJ ntW fhuz¤Âdhš thlif 

bfhL¡fhkèUªjhY« FoæU¥gt® thlif Å£oš FoæU¥gtuhf¤jh‹ fUj 

nt©L«. ntiy më¥gtuhš thlif¡F bfhL¡f¥gL« muR FoæU¥ò k‰W«mij¥ 

ngh‹w FoæU¥òfëš FoæU¥gtU¡F« F¿p£L v© 2 bfhL¡fÎ«. 

g§F : F¿pL - 3 

br‹r° Å£o‹ cçik ãiy x‹W¡F nk‰g£l FL«g§fS¡F ÏU¡Fkhdhš 

(cjhuzkhf xU T£L¡FL«g¤Âš ÂUkzkhd Ïu©L rnfhjçfŸ jå¤jå 

FL«gkhf tÁ¤J tªJ cçik ãiy ÏUtU¡F« ÏU¥gJ mšyJ ÂUkzkhd kf‹ 

jdJ bg‰nwhUl‹ tÁ¤J tªJ jå FL«gkhf ÏU¥gJ) Ïªj tifahd 

FL«g§fS¡fhd cçik ãiy F¿pL -3 MF«. 

ntiy më¥gtUl‹ tÁ¥gt® : F¿pL - 4 

m¡FL«gkhdJ ntiy më¥gtUl‹ mtUila tshf¤Ânyna tÁ¤J 

tªjhš F¿pL - 4 vd gÂaÎ« 

ntiy më¥gt® bfhL¡F« Å£oš tÁ¥gt® : F¿pL - 5 

FL«g« ntiy më¥gtç‹ br‹r° Å£oš j§»æUªJ thlif vJÎ« 

bfhL¡féšiy våš F¿pL -5 gÂaÎ«. ÏÂš ntiy më¥gt® j‹ål« ntiy 

brŒgtU¡F thlif Ïšyhkš j§Ftj‰F Ïl« më¥gJ« ml§F«. 

Ïju tif : F¿pL - 6 

fz¡bfL¡f¥gL« FL«g«, nk‰F¿¥Ã£l 5 tifahd ãiyæY« tif¥gL¤j 

Koaéšiy våš F¿pL 6 bfhL¡fÎ«. M¡»uä¡f¥g£l ãy¤Âš Kiwæšyhkš 

f£l¥g£l ÅLfŸ, k‰W« ghHilªj f£ol§fŸ, Fif k‰W« mJngh‹w Ïa‰if 

òfèl§fëš FoæU¥gt®fS« Ï¥Ãçéš ml§Ft®. 

fy« - 4 : Ï¡FL«g¤Â‰bfd cgnahf¤Âš cŸs tÁ¡F« miwfë‹ v©â¡if 

(0,1,2,3 vd gÂaÎ«) 

Ïªj fy«¦ mªj FL«g¤Â‰F k£Lnk ga‹gL«, tÁ¡F« miwfë‹ 

v©â¡ifia vGjÎ«. xU Å£oš gy FL«g§fŸ tÁ¤J tªjhš (Mdhš jå¤jå 

53


rikaš miwÍl‹) xU FL«g¤Â‰F k£Lnk cŸs tÁ¡F« miwfis kh¤Âu« 

fz¡»š vL¤J¡bfhŸs nt©L«. k‰W« xU tÁ¡F« miwahdJ x‹W¡F nk‰g£l 

ÅLfis bfh©oUªjhš, m¡FL«g« j‰nghJ tÁ¡F« Å£o‹ miwfis k£Lnk 

vL¤J¡bfhŸs nt©L«. Ï›thwhf tÁ¡F« miwfë‹ v©â¡ifia 0,1,2,3,4,........... 

v‹W gÂa nt©L«. 

tÁ¡F« miw 

tÁ¥gj‰fhd xU miw v‹gJ EiHthæYl‹ Rt®fŸ k‰W« TiuÍl‹ xU 

eg® gL¡f nghJkhd Ús mfy§fŸ cilaJ, mjhtJ tÁ¡F«miw v‹gj‰F 

Fiwªjg£r msÎ »ilahJ. xU FL«g« cw§Ftj‰F Ãujhdkhf ga‹gL¤J« 

miwna tÁ¡F« miwahF«. tÁ¡F« miw v‹gÂš gL¡if miw, cztUªJ« 

miw, tunt‰ò miw, go¡F« miw, gâahs®fë‹ miw k‰W« òH¡f¤ÂYŸs 

miwfŸ, miwfS¡bf‹W tF¡f¥g£l msÎ¡nfhY¡nf‰g ÏUªjhš mitahÎ« 

tÁ¡F« miw v‹w fz¡»š ml§F«, rikaš miw, Fëayiw, fêtiw rhkh‹fŸ 

miw, eilghij k‰W« tuh©lh ngh‹w tÁ¡f ga‹gL¤j Koahj Ïitfis tÁ¡F« 

miwfëš nr®¡f TlhJ. xU miw cw§Ftj‰F«, bghUŸ ghJfh¥gj‰F« 

c£fhUtj‰F«, rh¥ÃLtj‰F« k‰W« rik¥gj‰F« Mf gy cgnahf§fS¡F« 

ga‹gLnkahdhš mijÍ« miwahf vL¤J¡bfhŸsÎ«. Mdhš fh® ãW¤Jäl« 

mšyJ ntiyah£fŸ FoæU¥ò M»at‰¿š ntiyah£fŸ jå¡FL«gkhf tÁ¤J 

tªjhš mªj miwia ntiyah£fë‹ FL«g¤Â‰fhd tÁ¡F« miwahf fUj 

nt©L«. 

xU ÅL FoæU¥ò k‰W« ntW ga‹gh£o‰F« ga‹gL¤j¥g£lhš FoæU¥ò 

mšyhj kw;w gad;ghl;bw;F gad;gLj;jg;gLk; miwia, tÁ¡F« miwahf gÂa¡TlhJ. 

k‰bwhU Nœãiyæš Å£oš xnu xU miw k£L« ÏUªJ, mªj miw fil mšyJ 

mYtyfkhf ga‹gL¤j¥g£L Mdhš xU FL«g« mÂš tÁ¤jhš g¡f« B, fy« 4š 0 

vd gÂaÎ« 

k¡fŸ tÁ¡f¡Toa T«ò totkhf FoirfŸ mšyJ Tlhu§fis xUt® 

vÂ®bfhŸsTL«. Ïªj khÂçahd tH¡f¤Â‰F khwhd FoæU¥òfëš miw¡F 

eh‹F Rt®fŸ ÏU¡fhJ. Mifahš nk‰f©l br‹r° Å£o‰fhd és¡f§fŸ 

f©o¥ghf Ï¤jifa f£ol§fS¡F bghUªjhJ, c©ikæš T«ò tot Foir 

mšyJ Tlhu¤Âš Tiuna Rtuhf ga‹gL« ãiyæš jiuia¤ bjh£lthW ÏU¡F«. 

Ïªj ãiyfëš Foir mšyJ Tlhu¤ij xU miwahf fUjÎ«. 

xU tÁ¡F«miwahdJ, x‹W¡F nk‰g£l FL«g§fë‹ cgnahf¤Âš 

ÏUªjhš mij vªj FL«g¤Â‹ fz¡»Y« vL¤J¡bfhŸs¡TlhJ. mjhtJ xU 

FL«g¤Â‰F k£Lnk cŸs tÁ¡F« miwfis kh¤Âu« fz¡»š vL¤J¡bfhŸs 

nt©L«. cjhuzkhf Ïu©L FL«g§fŸ, Å£oš cŸs xnu xU miwia 

g»®ªJbfh©lhš vªj xU FL«g¤Â‰F« Ãu¤nafkhf tÁ¡F« miw VJ« Ïšiy. 

Mjyhš x›bthU FL«g¤Â‰F« Ï¡fy¤Âš 0 vd¡ F¿¡fÎ«. Ïu©L FL«g§fŸ 

x›bth‹W« xU jå tÁ¡F« miwia ga‹gL¤Â¡bfh©L«, nkY« mªj¡ 

FL«g§fŸ Ï‹bdhU tÁ¡F« miwia g»®ªJbfh©lhš mªj bghJthd miwia 

vªj xU FL«g¤Â‰F« nr®¤J¡bfhŸs¡TlhJ. 

54


ÃçÎ - I 


Å£L Rt® 

mik¡f 

Å£L Tiu 

mik¡f 

Å£o‹ 

brh¤Jçik 

FoæU¡f 

Ãu¤Ânafkhf 

bgU«ghY« bgU«ghY« 1. brhªj ÅL ga‹gL¤j¥gL« 

ga‹gL¤j¥g£l ga‹gL¤j¥ g£l 2. thlif FoæU¥ò miwfë‹ 

f£Lkhd 

bghUŸ (F¿pil 

bghUŸ 

3. Ïjuit v©â¡if (0,1,2,3 

v‹W gÂÎ brŒf) 

gÂÎ brŒf) 

1 2 3 4 

3 3 1 3 

K¤J v‹gt® _‹W FoæU¥ò miw cila Å£il it¤JŸsh®. 

mtuJ Å£L¢Rt® k© k‰W« Rlhj br§f‰fshY« Å£o‹ Tiu 

ifahš brŒa¥g£l XLfshY« MdJ. 

fy«: 1 miwæ‹ Rt‰¿š Ãujhdkhf 

ga‹gL¤j¥g£l f£Lkhd bghUŸ (F¿pL v©) 

fy«:2 tÁ¡F« miwæ‹ Tiuæš Ãujhdkhf 

ga‹gL¤j¥g£l bghUŸ (F¿pL v©) 

F¿pL bghUŸ F¿pL bghUŸ 

1 òš/it¡nfhš/ _§»š 1 òš/it¡nfhš/ _§»š/ ku« / 

k© Kjèad 

2 Ãsh°o¡/ghè¤Ô‹ 2 Ãsh°o¡/ghè¤Ô‹ 

3 k©, Rl¥glhj br§fš 3 iféid XL 

4 ku« 4 ÏaªÂu c‰g¤Â XL 

5 ór¥glhj fš Rt® 5 R£l br§fš 

6 ór¥g£l fš Rt® 6 fš 

7 ÏU«ò / cnyhf« / fšeh® 7 f‰gyif 

8 R£l br§fš 8 ÏU«ò / cnyhf« / fšeh® 

9 fh‹Ñç£ 9 fh‹Ñç£ 

0 Ïjuit 0 Ïjuit 

ÃçÎ - 2 

FL«g¤Â‰fhd trÂfŸ (nfs¦é 

5-9) 

Ï¥ÃçthdJ (nfŸé 5-9) FL«g¤Â‰fhd trÂfis F¿¥ÃL»wJ. 

fy« 5 : FoÚ® »il¥gj‰fhd Mjhu§fŸ¦ 

FoÚ® Mjhu§fis Ñœ¡f©l F¿p£L v©âš F¿¡fÎ« 

Å£LDŸns : F¿pL - 1: FoÚ® Mjhu« Å£oDŸ ÏUªjhnyh mšyJ FL«g« tÁ¡F« 

tshf¤ÂDŸns ÏUªjhnyh FoÚ® Mjhu¤Â‰fhd F¿pL “1” bfhL¡fÎ«. 

55


Å£o‹ mU»š : F¿pL - 2: ef®¥gFÂæš, fz¡bfL¥Ã‰F£g£l FoæU¥ò 

tshf¤ÂèUªJ 100 Û£lU¡FŸ FoÚ® »il¤jhš k£Lnk, FoÚ® Mjhu« FoæU¥ò 

mU»nyna »il¡»wJ v‹W vL¤J¡bfhŸs nt©L«. m›thbwåš¦ F¿pL “2 

bfhL¡fÎ«. 

bjhiyéš : F¿pL - 3: efu¥gFÂfëš thG« FL«g§fS¡F FoÚ® Mjhu« 

FoæU¥ò tshf¤ÂèUªJ 100 Û£lU¡F nk‰g£l öu¤Âš ÏUªjhš FoÚ® Mjhu« 

bjhiyéš cŸsjhf vL¤J¡bfhŸs nt©L«. F¿pL “3 bfhL¡fÎ«. 

fy« 6 : és¡F xë¡fhd Ãujhd vçbghUŸ 

és¡F xë¡fhd Ãujhd vçbghUS¡F Ñœf©l F¿p£il bfhL¡fÎ« 

1. ä‹rhu« 

2. k©bz©bzŒ 

3. Nça r¡Â 

4. Ïju v©bzŒ 

5. k‰wit 

6. és¡F trÂ Ïšiy. 

és¡F vç¥gj‰fhf ga‹gL¤j¥gL« K¡»a Mjhu¤ij¡ f©l¿ªJ mj‰Fça 

F¿p£bl©iz më¡f nt©L«. és¡bfç¥gj‰fhd Mjhu« ä‹rhukhdhš mJ 

r£lKiw¥go mšyJ r£l Kiw¥go Ïšyhkš ÏUªjhY« mj‰F F¿p£L v©1-I 

bfhL¡fÎ«. F¿p£L v© 4 v‹gJ és¡F vç¡f ga‹gL« rikaš v©bzŒ k‰W« 

rikaY¡F ga‹glhj v©bzŒ M»ait MF«. jé®¡f Koahj Nœãiyæš 

FL«g« és¡nf‰w v›éj Mjhu¤ÂidÍ« ga‹gL¤jéšiy våš F¿p£L v© 

6I¡ bfhL¡fÎ«. 

fy« 7 : Ï¡FL«g« Ãu¤Ânahfkhf Ú® fêtiw ga‹gL¤J»‹wjh? 

Ú® ghŒ¢R« k‰W« j©Ù® C‰W« fêtiwfŸ fz¡bfL¡f¥gL« 

FL«g¤Â‰bfd Ãu¤nafkhf ÏUªjhš mij Ñœ¡F¿¥Ã£lthW F¿¡f nt©L«. 

1 - M« 

2 - Ïšiy. 

“Ú® ghŒ¢R« _oa fêtiw Ú® ghŒ¢R« _oa fêtiw v‹gJ, fêÎfis 

kåj®fshš mf‰whkš fêÎ / ky¤Âid Ú® C‰¿ jiu¡foæš brY¤Â mf‰WtJ 

MF«. 

fy« 8 : fêÎ Ú® btënaw Ïiz¥ò 

F¿p£L v©iz¡ Ñœ¡f©lthW F¿¥ÃlÎ« 

1 - _oa tofhš 

2 - Âwªj tofhš 

3 - tofhš Ïiz¥ò Ïšiy 

_oa tofhš Ïiz¥ò : F¿pL -1 

tÁ¡F« FL«g§fŸ btëna‰W« fêÎÚiu¡bfh©L brštj‰F mj‹ 

btë¡FHhŒ _oa tofhYl‹ Ïiz¡f¥g£oUªjhš mªj ÅL _oa fêÎ Ú® 

fhšthæš Ïiz¡f¥g£LŸsJ v‹gij F¿¡F«. 

56


Âwªjbtë tofhš Ïiz¥ò : F¿pL -2 

tÁ¡F« FL«g§fŸ btëna‰W« fêÎÚ® Âwªjbtë fêÎÚ®¡ fhšthæš 

Ïiz¡f¥g£LŸsJ v‹gjid¡ F¿¡F«. 

tofhš Ïiz¥ò Ïšiy: F¿pL -3 

xU Å£o‹ fêÎ Ú® Kiwahf bfh©L bršy mj‹ btë¡FHhŒ vªj fêÎ Ú® 

mik¥ÃY« Ïiz¡f¥glhkèUªjhš mij fêÎ Ú®¡ fhšthŒ Ïšiy v‹w tifæš 

F¿¡f nt©L«. 

fy« 9 : FL«g« rikaY¡bf‹W xU jå miw ga‹gL¤J»wjh? 

rik¥gj‰bfd jå miw Ãu¤nahfkhf ÏUªJ, mJ ntW FL«g¤JlD« 

g»®ªJ bfhŸs¥glhkš ÏUªjhš Ï¡FL«g¤Â‰F F¿pL 1 vdÎ« Ïšiybaåš 

F¿pL 2 vdÎ« F¿¥Ãl nt©L«. 

ÃçÎ - 3 

brh¤J¡fŸ 

(nfŸé 10-15) 

Ï¥ÃçÎ xU FL«g¤Â‹ brh¤J¡fŸ g‰¿a jftšfis nrfç¥gjhF« 

têfh£ofŸ, nr®¡f¥gl nt©oait 

• FL«g¤Âdç‹ jåahfnth / g§fhfnth mšyJ T£lhfnth cŸs brh¤J¡fŸ 

(vL¤J¡fh£L xU T£L¡FL«g¤Âš ÂUkzkhd Ïu©L rnfhju®fŸ jåahf 

thœªjhš jå¤jå FL«g« vd vL¤J¡bfhŸs¥gL«. Mdhš mt®fŸ ÏUtç‹ 

cçikæš eh‹F r¡fu thfd« x‹W ÏUªjhš, mJ ÏU FL«g¤Âdç‹ 

jå¤jåahd brh¤jhf fy« 13š gÂÎ brŒa nt©L« 

• brh¤J flåš / jtiz Kiwæš th§f¥g£L Mdhš FL«g¤Â‰F 

brhªjkhdjhf ÏUªjhY« brh¤jhf gÂa¥gl nt©L«. 

• gçrhf m¡FL«g¤jhš bgw¥g£l brh¤J 

flªj xU M©oš, VjhtJ xU jUz¤Âš ga‹gL¤Â¡bfhŸs¤ j¡ftifæš 

ÏUªj mšyJ ÏUªJ bfh©oU¡F« brh¤J (fz¡bfL¥Ã‹ nghJ ga‹gL¤j¥glhj 

ãiyæš ÏUªjhY«) 

nr®¡f¡Tlhjit 

• xU r_f¤Â‰F brhªjkhd brh¤J ÏÂš nr®¡f¡TlhJ. 

• flªj Xuh©L fhykhf xU KiwTl brašglhj brh¤J¡fŸ 

F¿¥ò : brh¤Â‹ v©â¡ifia F¿¥Ãl¡TlhJ - xU FL«g¤Âdç‹ (mid¤J 

cW¥Ãd®fS« nr®¤J) g£oaèl¥g£l brh¤J¡fŸ, m¡FL«g¤Â‰F 

brhªjkhditfŸ ngh‹w étu¤ij bjçªJbfhŸtj‰F k£Lnk. 

F¿pLfŸ étu« 

ÏÂš MW tifahd g£oaèl¥g£l brh¤J¡fë‹ étu§fis F¿pLfSl‹ 

ó®¤Â brŒant©L«. xU FL«g¤ÂdU¡F brhªjkhf cŸs bt›ntW tifahd 

brh¤J¡fŸ, ÑnH étç¡f¥g£LŸsgo F¿pLfŸ bfhL¡f¥glnt©L«. 

57


fy« 

v© 

brh¤J 

és¡f§fŸ 

10 Fë®gjd¥ bg£o ä‹rhu¤jhš Ïa§F« Fë®gjd¥ 

(Refrigirator) 

bg£ofŸ, TLjyhd fjÎfŸ, 

bjhêšE£g« (gå¡f£o f£lhjJ) 

msÎ ngh‹w étu§fŸ 

vL¤J¡bfhŸs¥gl nt©L«. 

11 bjhiyngÁ / ifngÁM«- bjhiyngÁ (ifal¡» mšyJ ifal¡» 

1 bjhiyngÁ k£L« mšyhjit) ifngÁ k£L« GSM, CDMA, 

2- ifngÁ k£L« WLL (ä‹ f«Ãæšyhj cŸ Ïiz¥òl‹ 

3- Ïu©L« nr®¡f¥g£lJ) mšyJ 3 í miyngÁfŸ. 

4- Ïšiy ÏJ K‹gz« brY¤j¥gLtJ mšyJ 

Ã‹d® brY¤j¥g£ljhf ÏU¡fyh«. 

12 fâå / ko¡fâåM« fâå (jåeg® fâå mšyJ ko¡fâå) 

1. Ïizajs trÂÍl‹-1 vªj xU Ãuh©£ mšyJ f£lik¥ghf 

2. Ïizajs trÂ ÏšyhjJ-2 ÏU¡fyh«) 

3. Ïšiy-3 

13 nkh£lh® Ïiz¡f¥g£l thfd§fŸ. Ïu©L r¡fu thfd«nkh£lh® ir¡»Ÿ, 

M« °T£l®jhåa§» ä‹fy¤Âš 

1. Ïu©L r¡fu«. Ïa§f¡Toa ÏU r¡fu thfd« 

2. _‹W r¡fu« Kjèad_‹W r¡fu thfd«: M£nlh 

3. eh‹F r¡fu« ç¡õh, (é¡u«, nkí¡ (Magic) VÁÏ 

4. Ïšiy ngh®°) VnjD« _‹W r¡fu thfd«) 

nf° / bg£nuhš / Orš / ng£lçahš 

Ïa§FtJl‹ k‰wit)eh‹F r¡fu 

thfd«fh®fŸ, Á¿a nt‹fŸ, Á¿a 

nf¥°, Á¿a ou¡° (eh‹F r¡fu«) ou¡° 

k‰W« Ïju tif 

14 Fë® rhjd¥bg£o (AC) Fë® rhjd¥bg£o vªj jahç¥ò mšyJ 

1- M« vªj tifahdhY« 

2- Ïšiy 

15 Jit¡F« ÏaªÂu« Jâ Jit¡F« ÏaªÂu« vªj jahç¥ò 

1- M« mšyJ vªj tifahdhY« 

2- Ïšiy 

58


Ãsh¡ F : cWÂbkhê 

FL«g¤Â‰fhd étu§fŸ nrfç¤jÃ‹d® fz¡bfL¥ghs® Ñœf©l 

nfŸéfis, gÂyë¥gtçl« nf£f nt©L«. 

kj« k‰W« rhÂ / gH§Fo g‰¿a étu§fis¤ jéu k‰w étu§fis bghJ 

btëpL brŒa Ï¡FL«g« x¥òjiy më¤JŸsduh (1-M«, 2-Ïšiy) jFªj F¿p£L 

v© 1 -M«, 2-Ïšiy gÂaÎ«. 

Ã‹d® gÂyë¥gt® bfhL¤j jftšfis fz¡bfL¥ghs® x¤J¡bfhŸ»whuh? 

v‹gj‰F cça F¿p£L v©iz fz¡bfL¥ghs® gÂÎ brŒant©L«. “gÂyë¥gt® 

bfhL¤j jftšfis fz¡bfL¥ghs® x¤J¡bfhŸ»whuh? (1-M«, 2-Ïšiy) 

Ï¡nfŸé¡fhd gÂš “Ïšiy våš Ãsh¡-F, nfŸé 3š éçthd fhuz¤ij 100 

vG¤JfS¡F äfhkš bfhL¡fÎ«. 

fz¡bfL¥ghsU¡F, fz¡bfL¥Ã‰F¤ njitahd bghU£fë‹ g£oaš 

m) mid¤J¥ bghU£fisÍ« vL¤J¢ brštj‰fhd Jâ¥ig 

Ïiz¥ò - I 

M) r_f bghUshjhu k‰W« rhÂthç fz¡bfL¥Ã‰fhd, fz¡bfL¥gtuhš 

nf£f¥glnt©oa nfŸéfŸ ml§»a ef®òu m£ltizfë‹ efšfŸ. 

Ï) khãy« / kht£l bõ£ôšL tF¥Ãd® k‰W« gH§Foæd® égu§fŸ ml§»a 

g£oaš 


r_f bghUshjhu k‰W« rhÂthç fz¡bfL¥ò – fz¡bfL¥ghsuJ RU¡f« 

(x›bthU fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ mšyJ r¥ Ãsh¡»‹ fz¡bfL¥ò KoÎ‰wÎl‹ Ï›étu§fŸ 

fz¡bfL¥ghsuhš mªjªj fâ¥bgh¿ ika¤Âš jahç¡f¥glnt©L«) 

m) mikél étu« 

khãy¤Â‹ bga® ................................. F¿p£L v© kht£l¤Â‹ bga® F¿pL 

t£l« ................................................................................................................... 

efu¤Â‹ bga® .................................................................................................................................................. 

F¿pL 

F¿pL 

th®L……………………………… F¿pL 

fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ bga® ............................. F¿pL v© 

r¥Ãsh¡ F¿pL 

M) fs¥gâ M‰¿a eh£fŸ Mu«g« ehŸ khj« tUl« KoÎ ehŸ khj« tUl« 

Ï) FL«g étu§fŸ 

bkh¤j FL«g§fë‹ v©â¡if 

njÁa k¡fŸ bjhif fz¡bfL¥ò 

(NPR) m£ltizæš ÏUªJ 

vL¡f¥£l fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥ 

Ãsh¡ F¿¥Ãl¥g£l nfh£L¥ gl§fŸ / 

étu§fŸ 

AHL ‹ ÃçÎ 2 Mdhš f©LÃo¡f 

Koahj / jŸSgo brŒj gl§fŸ 

AHL ‹ ÃçÎ 3d 

AHL ‹ ÃçÎ 4‹ 

AHL ‹ go FL«g¤Â‹ bkh¤j 

cW¥Ãd® 

r_f bghUshjhu k‰W« rhÂthç 

fz¡bfL¥Ãš fz¡bfL¡f¥g£lit 

fy« 2š F¿¥Ãl¥g£l 

FL«g§fëèUªJ 

vL¡f¥g£lit 

fy« 3, 4, 5š cŸs 

F¿¥Ãl¥g£LŸs 

FL«g§fŸ 

òÂa FL«g§fŸ 

bkh¤j« 

ÅL ó£l¥g£LŸs / 

fhèahf cŸs / 

btëna¿a FL«g§fŸ 

Kjèad fhuzkhf 

fz¡bfL¡f¥glhj 

FL«g§fŸ 

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 


Ïiz¥ò - II 

r_f bghUshjhu k‰W« rhÂ thç fz¡bfL¥ò -2011¡fhd mo¥gil têKiwfŸ 

1. mid¤J fâå brašghLfS« milahs¡ F¿pL (Login – ID) k‰W« flÎ¢ 

brhš (Password) Kiwæš mikÍ«. 

2. khãy« Kjš Å£L¥ g£oaš Ãsh¡ tiuæyhd mid¤J mikél¡ F¿pLfS« 

V‰fdnt jiyik¡ fâåæš (Server), gÂÎ brŒa¥g£oU¡F«. 

3. xU bghW¥Ãš cŸs mid¤J Å£L¥ g£oaš Ãsh¡FfS¡fhd njÁa k¡fŸ 

bjhif gÂnt£oš (NPR) cŸs, mid¤J étu§fS« V‰fdnt jiyik¡ 

fâåæš gÂÎ brŒa¥g£oU¡F«. 

4. mid¤J étu§fS« JPEG Kiwikahf kh‰w¥g£L ÏU¡F«. 

5. Ï¥bghGJ Ú§fŸ Å£L¥ g£oaš Ãsh¡»èUªJ FL«g§fS¡fhd étu§fis¤ 

nj®ªbjL¡fnt©L« mt‰¿š Ñœf©l étu§fis Å£L¥g£oaèš 

RU¡f¤ÂèUªJ gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

m) efu¤Â‹ mo¥gilæš, F¿pLfŸ / gÂÎfŸ / bjhF¥òfŸ rçtu bghUªjhj 

rka¤Âš mt‰iw ÂU¤j« brŒtJ k£Lkšyhkš, mt‰iw étu bjhF¥ò Log gÂÎ 

brŒÂl nt©L«. 

M) bghW¥ò gÂnt£oèUªJ, Foir gFÂæ‹ F¿p£il Ïªj r¥ Ãsh¡»š 

gÂaÎ« (F¿p£L m§Ñfç¡f¥g£l efu§fS¡F k£L«) 

Ï) Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f« ÃçÎ-2‹¦ fy« 6-š cŸs, FL«g v©iz 

xU§»iz¤J FL«g¤ jiytç‹ bganuhL rçgh®¡fÎ«. j‰bghGJ cŸs 

FL«g¤Â‰F Å£L¥g£oaèš cŸs FL«g¤ jiytç‹ bgaU«, njÁa k¡fŸ bjhif 

gÂnt£oš cŸs FL«g¤ jiytç‹ bganuh mšyJ VjhtJ xU FL«g egç‹ bganuh 

x¤J ÏU¡fnt©L«. m›thW Ïšiybaåš mªj òÂa étu§fŸ, étu¤ bjhF¥Ãš 

gÂa nt©L«. 


v) nkny g£oaèl¥g£l mid¤J étu§fS«, Å£L¥g£oaš Ãsh¡»š cŸs 

mid¤J FL«g§fS¡F« gÂÎ brŒa¥g£L ÏU¡»wJ v‹gij cWÂ brŒJ bfhŸs 

nt©L«. 

V) x›bthU fz¡bfL¥ghs® Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡»š v›tsÎ FL«g§fŸ cŸsJ 

v‹w òŸëétu¤ij nrfç¡f nt©L«. 

I) xU rka¤Âš iffâåæš xU fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡ g‰¿a 

étu§fŸ k£Lnk ÏU¡»‹w tifæš gh®¤J¡ bfhŸs nt©L«. MAC éyhr¤ij 

fz¡bfL¥ghs®, fâå Ïa¡Fgt® milahs v©(ID)Ql‹ if fâåæš cŸs 

étu¤ bjhF¥Ãš gÂÎ brŒJ, mj‹Ã‹ fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡»‹ gl étu§fŸ (JPEG 

Image), m£ltiz (Index) bjhF¥ò (Directory) Kjèat‰iw fâåæš gÂÎ 

brŒant©L«. 

6. Á¿a if¡ fâåæš gÂÎfŸ cŸÇL brŒÍ«nghJ milahs v© (ID) k‰W« 

flÎ¢ brhš (Password) Kiwænyna mikÍ« cŸÇL brŒa¥gL« mikél¤ 

jftšfis mo¥gilahf¡ bfh©L ef®òw fz¡bfL¥ò nfŸé m£ltiz¤ 

Âiuæš njh‹W«. F¿¥Ã£l fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡»‰F njitahd 

mid¤J étu§fS« if fâåæš gÂa¥g£oU¡F«. fs¥gâæ‹¦nghJ 

f©l¿tj‰F« rçgh®¥gj‰F«, Å£L¥ g£oaš¦ Ãsh¡»‹¦ Ïiz¡f¥glhj 

étu§fS« if fâåæy¦ cŸÇL brŒa¥g£oU¡F«. 

7. milahs v©izÍ«, flÎ¢ brhšiyÍ«, if fâåæš gÂªjhš, if 

fâåahdJ Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Â‹ mo¥gilæš gÂa¥g£l / 

nj®ªbjL¡f¥gl nt©oa FL«g tçir v©iz fh©Ã¡F«. ÏÂš VnjD« 

FH¥g« V‰gLkhæ‹ fâå Ïa¡Fgt®, mªj fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥- 

Ãsh¡»Dila k‰w ÅLfë‹ étu¤ij fhz ÏaY«. 

8. if fâåæš cŸÇL brŒa¥g£l FL«g¤ bjhl® v©iz¥ bghW¤J, étunkh 

mšyJ òÂa Âiunah njh‹WtJ Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Â‹ ÃçÎ 2 ÃçÎ 3 mšyJ 

ÃçÎ 4 v‹gij bghW¤J mikÍ«. k¡fŸ bjhif¡ fz¡bfL¥ò Koªj Ã‹d®, 

VjhtJ xU òÂa FL«g« tªÂUªjhš fz¡bfL¥ghs® mªj FL«g¤Â‰F òÂa 

bjhl® v©iz¡ bfhL¡f nt©L«. Ïªj òÂa v© v‹gJ Ïªj fz¡bfL¥ò 

Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡»š cŸs FL«g§fëš bjhF¡f¥g£l mÂf g£r v©â‰F 

mL¤j v©zhf ÏU¤jš nt©L«. filÁahf tH§f¥g£l v©Ql‹ x‹iw¡ 

T£o òÂa FL«g¤ÂwF, FL«g tçir v© bfhL¡fnt©L«. j‰nghija 

ãiyæš òÂa FL«g v©, mªj fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ k‰W« r¥-Ãsh¡»š, mÂfg£r 

v©zhf mikÍ«. xUntis Ïu©lhf Ãçªj FL«g« mnj gFÂæš ÏUªjhš, 

Ïnj Kiwfis filÃo¤J òÂa v© ju nt©L«. ÛjKŸs étu§fŸ Ã‹tU« 

tiugl¤Âš bfhL¡f¥g£LŸsJ. 

62


r_f bghUshjhu k‰W« rhÂ fz¡bfL¥ò étu§fŸ fs¤ÂèUªJ 

neuoahf gÂÎ brŒtj‰fhd és¡f tiugl« 

Jt§Ff 

Ïiz¥ò -III 

cŸÇL-1 

NPR -‹ go gÂÎ - Å£L¥ g£oaš Ãsh¡»‹ tçiræš 

cŸÇL-2: NPR -èUªJ vL¡f¥g£l Å£L¥ g£oaš 

Ãsh¡»‹ mikél F¿pL 

BEL bk‹bghUis ga‹gL¤Â gl és¡f§fiskht£l thçahf 

gltoéš JPEGš kh‰Wf. 

vL¡f¥g£l mid¤J gl étu§fisÍ« Xnu Óuhd FL«g bjhl® 

v©fshf g£oaèLf. 

if fâåæš cŸÇL brŒa¥g£LŸs Å£L¥ g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš 

gFÂ 2,3,4 M»at‰iw fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡/r¥-Ãsh¡ 

étu§fis rçgh®¡f ntzL«. 

63


Ïiz¥ò - III bjhl®¢Á 

FL«g tçir v‹go njit¥gL« FL«g§fis 

x‹¿‹Ã‹ x‹whf nj®Î brŒaÎ« 

Ïšiy 

V‰fdnt gÂÎ 

ÏUªjhš 

M« 

Å£L¥g£oaš 

RU¡f¤Âš Ïªj 

FoæU¥ò¡fhd 

v©iz rçgh®¤J 

Ïšiybaåš 

xUntis òÂa 

Ålhfnth òÂa 

FoæU¥ghfnth 

ÏU¡F« g£r¤Âš 

étu§fS« gl 

étu§fS« òÂajhf 

gÂa nt©L« 

nj®Î brŒa¥g£l FL«g cW¥Ãd®fŸ midtç‹ bga®fS« 

x‹w‹ Ñœ x‹whf efU«, njitahdt‰¿¡F cça 

étu§fis gÂÎ brŒa nt©L« 

Å£L¥ g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš njlÎ« m§F ÏUªjhš mij 

efš vL¡fÎ« òÂa ÅL v‹whš étu§fis gÂa 

nt©L« 

Ïl«bga®ªJ / ÏwªJ nghd / Ïšyhj FL«g cW¥Ãdç‹ 

étu§fis ehsJ njÂ tiu rçbrŒa ÏaY« 

gl étu¤Âš bga® fhz¥glhj òÂa cW¥ÃdiuÍ« 

mid¤J étu§fSl‹ nr®¤J¡ bfhsŸ ÏaY« 

xU Å£o‹ ÏWÂæš Ïªj gl és¡f« bjçÎ 

brŒtj‰fhf njh‹whJ 

VjhtJ ÅL éLg£L ÏU¡»wjh? 

M« 

Ïšiy 

if fâåæš cŸs étu¤ij k¤Âa bjhF¥Ã‰F kh‰¿é£L, 

mjid rçgh®¤J Ã‹ò if fâåæš cŸs étu« / étu¡ 

nfh¥òfis Ú¡» él nt©L« 

64


r%f nghUshjhu kw;Wk; rhjpf; fzf;nfLg;gpy; 

fzf;nfLg;ghshpd; gzp kw;Wk; nghWg;Gfs;; 

Ïiz¥ò - IV 

fzf;nfLg;ghsuhf ePq;fs; nra;atpUf;fpd;w gzpahdJ Njrpa mstpy; kpfTk; 

Kf;;fpaj;Jk; tha;e;j gzpahFk;. mNj rkaj;jpy; kpFe;j nghWg;Gld; ,g;gzpia 

Mw;wpl Ntz;Lk;. ,g;gzpapy; cq;fSf;F xJf;fg;gLk; midj;J NtiyfisAk; 

kpFe;j nghWg;GlDk;, ; midj;J fl;llq;fs;> tPLfs;> FLk;gq;fs; kw;Wk; egh;fis 

tpLglhky; fzf;nfLg;G nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ,jid cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf jq;fsJ 

fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; cs;s midj;J tPLfs; kw;Wk; fl;llq;fis fz;lwptNjhL 

kl;Lky;yhky;> tPby;yh egh;fs; trpf;Fk; ,;lq;fisAk; fz;lwpa Ntz;Lk;. vdNt 

jq;fSf;F xJf;fPL nra;ag;gl;Ls;s fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;if KOtJk; Rw;wpg;ghh;j;J 

me;j KO gug;gpidAk; Kf;fpa milahsq;fs; gw;wpAk; njspthf mwpe;Jnfhs;s 

Ntz;Lk;. fzf;nfLg;G gzp Jtq;Ftjw;F Kd;dh;> gzpapd; NghJ kw;Wk; gzpKbTw;w 

gpd;G> vd;w epiyfspy; fzf;nfLg;ghsh; nra;a Ntz;ba Kf;fpa gzpfs; gpd;tUkhW. 

fzf;nfLg;;gpw;F Kd;dh; : 

(i) gapw;rp tFg;Gfspy; fye;Jnfhz;L fzf;nfLg;G ml;ltiz kw;Wk; gapw;rp 

ifNal;bid gbj;J mjpy; re;Njfk; ,Ug;gpd; cq;fSila gapw;Wdiu Nfl;L epth;j;jp 

nra;J nfhs;sTk;. 

(ii) fzf;nfLg;gpw;F Njitahd ,izg;G 1-y; fz;l midj;J nghUl;fisAk; 

ngw;Wf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mj;Jld; gapw;rp Kbe;J nry;tjw;F Kd;djhf ekJ 

khepyj;jpy; trpf;Fk; bõ£ôšL tF¥Ãd® kw;Wk; bõ£oôy¦L gH§¦Foæd® gl;baiy 

ngwTk;. 

fzf;nfLg;gpd; NghJ : 

(i) tPl;Lg;gl;baypd; RUf;fj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; cq;fSf;F xJf;fPL nra;ag;gl;Ls;s 

fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpid Rw;wpte;J mjd; vy;iyapidAk; Kf;;fpa milahsq;fisAk; 

fz;lwpaTk;. 

65


(ii) cq;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;s fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpw;;fhd Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpid 

rhpghh;j;J rhpghh;f;fTk;. 

(iii) xt;nthU tPl;ilAk; tpLglhky; fzf;nfLg;G nra;J tptuq;fis rhpahfTk; 

KOikahfTk; if fzpdpapy; cs;sPL nra;aTk;. 

(iv) fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghNj, tPl;Lg;gl;baypd; gphpTfs; 2 kw;Wk; 3 I tPl;Lg; 

gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpid rhpnra;jy; kw;Wk; Nkk;ghL nra;jy; rk;ge;jkhf Vw;fdNt 

toq;fg;gl;Ls;s mwpTiufis gpd;gw;wp rhpnra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. (FLk;gk; kw;Wk; 

nrd;r]; tPL gad;ghL tptuq;fs>; fzf;nfLg;G ehspd; epiyg;gb jpUj;jk; nra;ag;gl 

Ntz;Lk;) ,j;Jld; tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fj;jpd; gphpTfs; 2 kw;Wk; 3y; ,lk;ngwhj 

FLk;gq;fs;> fl;llq;fs; kw;Wk; nrd;r]; tPLfis fz;lwpe;J gphpT 3-y; rptg;G Nfhl;bw;F 

fPo; gjpTfs; Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 

(v) tPby;yhj FLk;gq;fis mjw;nfd xJf;fg;gl;l ehl;fspy; fzf;fPL nra;J 

gphpT 4y; Vw;fdNt nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s tptuq;fspy; chpa jpUj;jq;fs; Nkw;nfhs;sTk;. 

Gjpa FLk;gq;fis Gjpa ,lq;fspy; fz;lwpAk; gl;rj;jpy; mjd;tptuq;fis rptg;G 

Nfhl;bw;F fPo; gjpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

Nkw;nrhd;dthW Gjpajhf fs Ma;tpy; fz;lwpag;gl;L fzf;fPL nra;ag;gl 

Ntz;ba> midj;J tifahd FLk;gq;fSf;Fk; Gjpa njhlh; vz;fs; if fzpdpapy; 

fUtpapy; ,Ue;J ngwg;gl;L mj;njhlh; vz;fs; gphpT 3 kw;Wk; 4y; me;j me;j 

FLk;gthpirapy; (gphpT 3y;fyk; 8 gphpT 4y; fyk; 6) gjpag;glNtz;Lk;. ,j;njhlh; vz; 

,g;gl;baypy; cs;s mjpfgl;r vz;iztpl nghpajhf mikAk; 

fzf;nfLg;gpw;F gpd;dh; : 

(i) fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpw;;Fl;gl;l fl;llq;fs;> nrd;r]; tPLfs; kw;Wk; FLk;gq;fs; 

midj;Jk; ghh;itaplg;gl;L if fzpdpapy; tptuq;fs; cs;sPL nra;ag;gl;lTld; 

tPl;Lg;gl;bay; RUf;fk; rhpghh;j;J rhpghh;f;fg;gl;lij cWjp nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

(ii) fzf;nfLg;ghsh; RUf;fk; jahh; nra;ag;gLtjw;F Njitahd working sheet 

rhjhuz> epiya> tPlw;w FLk;gq;fs; thhpahf %d;W jdpj;jdp ,dq;fshf jahh; 

nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

(iii) fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; xt;nthd;Wf;Fk; jdpj;jdpahf fzf;;;;;;;nfLg;ghsh; RUf;fk; 

,uz;L efy;fspy; jahh; nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. mjw;fhd gbtk; ,f;ifNal;by; 

,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 

(iv)fzf;nfLg;G KOikahf Kbf;fg;gl;ljw;fhd rhd;wpjo;> gad;gLj;jg;gl;l 

kw;Wk; gad;gLj;jg;glhj xg;Gifr;rPl;Lfl;Lfs; kw;Wk; fzf;nfLg;gpw;fhf toq;fg;gl;l 

nghUl;fs; (gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJ kw;Wk; gad;gLj;jg;glhjJ) Kjypa midj;Jk>; cq;fsJ 

Nkw;ghh;itahshplk; toq;f Ntz;Lk;. 

66


,izg;G – V 

fl;llq;fSf;F /nrd;r]; tPLfSf;F ,yf;fkpLtjw;fhd topKiwfs; 

• nrd;r]; fzf;nfLg;gpy; tPl;byf;f KiwahdJ cq;fSila fzf;nfLg;ghsh; 

fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;FfspYs;s xt;nthU fl;llKk; nrd;r]; tPLk; Kiwahf 

mspf;fg;gl;l vz;izf; nfhz;bUg;gijAk; mt;ntz;fs; tiuglj;jpy; 

fhl;lg;gl;bUg;gijAk; cWjp nra;fpwJ. cq;fSila fzf;nfLg;ghsh; fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;fpy; cs;s fl;llq;fSf;Fk; nrd;r]; tPLfSf;Fk; Gjpajhf vz;fs; nfhLf;f 

NeUk;; NghJ fPo;f;fhZk; %d;W epiyfis ePq;fs; re;jpf;f Nehplyhk;. 

(i) fl;llq;fs; my;yJ nrd;r]; tPLfSf;F efuhl;rp mikg;Gfs; Kiwahf 

tPl;byf;fq;fs; nfhLj;jpUf;fpwJ. 

(ii) nrhj;J kjpg;gpd; mbg;gilapy; fhypkidfSf;F ,yf;fkplg;gl;Ls;sJ. 

Mdhy; ,Jtiu ,yf;fq;fs; ,lg;gl;l ,lq;fspy; tPLfs; fl;lg;gltpy;iy 

my;yJ fl;bKbahkypUf;fpwJ. NkYk; vz;fs; Kiwahf ,y;iy. 

(iii) ,Uf;fpw fl;llq;fs; my;yJ nrd;r]; tPLfSf;F ve;j tPl;byf;fKk; ,y;iy. 

• NkNy $wg;gl;Ls;s Kjy; epiyiag; nghWj;jtiu efuhl;rp mikg;ghy; Vw;fdNt 

nfhLf;fg;gl;l vz;zpyf;f Kiwia mg;gbNa vLj;Jf;nfhs;syhk;. ,Ug;gpDk; 

vz;fs; nfhLf;fg;gl;l gpwF Gjpjhf fl;lg;gl;l fl;llq;fs; my;yJ efuhl;rp 

mikg;Gfshy; vz;fs; ,lhky; tpLgl;l fl;llq;fSf;F cg vz;fs;/Gjpa 

vz;fs; nfhLf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzkhf fl;ll vz;fs; 10 kw;Wk; 11 f;F 

,ilapy; xU fl;llk>; ,yf;fk; ,lg;glhkypUe;jhNyh my;yJ Gjpa fl;llk; 

te;jpUe;jhNyh mf;fl;llj;jpw;F 10/1 vd vz; nfhLf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. efuhl;rp 

mikg;ghy; nfhLf;fg;gl;l ,yf;fkhdJ vz; 120 y; Kbe;jpUf;Fk; #o;epiyapy; 

mjd; njhlh;r;rpahf 121 vdTk;; nfhLf;fyhk;. NkNy $wpa ,uz;L kw;Wk; 

%d;whk; epiyfisg; nghUj;jtiu ePq;fs; fl;llq;fSf;Fk; nrd;r]; tPLfSf;Fk; 

gpd;tUk; gj;jpfspy; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sthW Gjpjhf nrd;r]; vz;fs; nfhLf;f 

Ntz;Lk;. xU tPl;Lg; gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; cs;shl;rp mikg;Gfs; 

nfhLj;j ,yf;fk; ,Uf;fyhk; my;yJ nrd;r]; vz;fs; ,Uf;fyhk;. Mdhy; 

,uz;Lk; Nrh;e;j xU fyitahf fz;bg;ghf ,Uf;ff;$lhJ. 

(m) fl;llq;fSf;F vz;fs; nfhLj;jy;: 

1. xU tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; gy njUf;fs; ,Ue;jhy; ntt;NtW 

njUf;fspy; cs;s fl;llq;fs; midj;jpw;Fk; njhlh;r;rpahf vz;fs; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. 

njUf;fs; tlNkw;fpypUe;J njd;fpof;fhf Kiwahf vLf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. tPl;L 

vz;fs; nfhLf;Fk;NghJ njUtpd; xU gf;fj;jpy; Muk;gpj;J njhlh;r;rpahf thpirahf 

vz;fs; nfhLj;J> me;jg; gf;fj;jpy; vz;fs; nfhLj;J Kbj;j gpd;G> vjph; gf;fj;jpy; 

cs;s filrpf; fl;llj;jpypUe;J njhlh;r;rpahf vz;fs; n;fhLf;fTk;. filrpahf 

,yf;fkplg;gl Ntz;ba fl;llk; Kjd;Kjypy; vz; ,lg;gl;l fl;llj;jpw;F vjpuhf 

,Uf;Fk;. ,t;thW ,yf;fkpLtJ rpwe;j Kiwahf fUjg;gLfpwJ. 

2. xU tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; my;yJ tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;fpd; xU gFjpapy; fl;llq;fspd; mikg;ghdJ mq;Fkpq;Fkhf gutp ,Ue;jhNyh 

67


my;yJ xU FOthf ,ize;J ,Ue;jhNyh my;yJ tay;ntspfs; tPl;Lg;gl;bay; 

fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; vy;iyfspy; my;yJ uapy; ghijfspd; Xuq;fspy; my;yJ 

fhy;tha;/MW/Fsq;fspd; fiufspy; ,Ue;jhNyh Kbe;j tiu gj;jp (i)y; 

tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sthW fl;ll vz;fs; nfhLf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. mt;thW gj;jp (i)y; 

tpsf;fpa topKiwg;gb vz;fs; nfhLf;f Kbatpy;iynadpy; vy;yhf; fl;llq;fSf;Fk; 

vz;fs; nfhLf;fg;gl;L tpl;lJ vd;W> cWjp nra;j gpd; tiuglj;jpy; mtw;iwf; 

Fwpj;J mjd; gpd; ve;nje;j ,lq;fspy; vz;fs; njhlh;r;rpahf ,y;iyNah mq;nfy;yhk; 

mk;Gf;Fwpapl;L fhz;gpf;f Ntz;Lk;. 

3. xU fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd;; tPl;byf;f KiwahdJ nghJthf njUtpd; 

mikg;ig xl;bapUf;f Ntz;LNkad;wp> jd;dpr;irahd Gtpapay; jpirapd;gb 

,Uf;ff;$lhJ. 

4. fl;llq;fSf;F 1>2>3 Nghd;w vz;fis kl;LNk nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. 

5. jw;NghJ fl;lg;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; fl;llj;jpw;F $iu fl;b 

Kbf;fg;gl;bUg;gpd; vz; nfhLf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

6. tPl;byf;fk; nfhLj;j gpd;G my;yJ ,yf;fkplg;gl;l fl;llq;fSf;fpilNa 

xU Gjpa fl;llk; Njhd;wpapUg;gpd; mf;fl;llj;jpw;F Gjpa vz; nfhLf;f 

Ntz;Lk;. me;j vz; mUfpYs;s fl;llj;jpd; cg vz;zhf ,Uf;Fk;. cjhuzkhf 

fl;ll vz; 10f;Fk; 11f;Fk; ,ilapy; xU fl;llk; ,yf;fkplhky; fhzg;gl;lhNyh 

my;yJ xU Gjpa fl;llk; te;jpUe;jhNyh> mjw;F 10/1 vd;W ,yf;fkpl Ntz;Lk;. 

,yf;fkplhky; fhzg;gLk; Gjpa fl;llq;fSf;F 10(1) my;yJ 10(2) vd;W vz;fs; 

nfhLf;fg;glf;$lhJ. ,t;thwhd vz;fs; xU fl;llj;jpw;Fs; ,Uf;Fk;> ,J nrd;r]; 

tPLfSf;Fj;jhd; nghUe;Jk.; khwhf 10/1 vd;gJ fl;ll vz;fs; 10f;Fk; 11f;Fk; 

,ilapy; cs;s jdpnahU fl;llj;ijf; Fwpg;gjhFk;. 

7. (M) nrd;r]; tPLfSf;F ,yf;fkpLjy;: 

• xt;nthU nrd;r]; tPLk; ,yf;fkplg;gl Ntz;Lk;. xU fl;llk; KOtJk; 

xU nrd;r]; tPL vd;why; mf;fl;ll vz;Nz mjDila nrd;r]; tPl;L 

vz;ZkhFk;. Mdhy; xU fl;llj;jpd; ntt;NtW gFjpfs; my;yJ 

cs;sikg;Gfs;> nrd;r]; tPlhf fUjg;gLk; jFjpiag; ngw;wpUe;jhy; 

mit nrd;r]; tPLfshff; fUjg;gl;L xt;nthU nrd;r]; tPl;bw;Fk; 

fl;ll vz;iz vOjp milg;Gf;Fwpf;Fs; cg vz;iz 10 (1)> 10 (2) 

vd;gJ Nghd;W my;yJ 11 (1)> 11(2)> 11 (3) Nghd;W gjpa Ntz;Lk;. 

nrd;r]; tPl;L vz;fis ,Ltjw;fhd cjhuzq;fs;. 

efuhl;rpahy; nfhLf;fg;gl;l 

fl;ll vz; 

nrd;r]; tPLfspd; 

vz;zpf;if 

nrd;r]; tPl;L vz; 

7/1 2 7/1(1) & 7/1(2) 

7(1) 2 7(1) (1)& 7(1)(2) 

7(A) 2 7 (A )(1) & 7/( A )(2) 

7/A 2 7 /A (1) & 7/ A (2) 

68


fsj;jpy; tptukhd Nfhl;Lg;glk; rhpghh;j;jy;; / jahhpj;jy; 

1. cq;fs; tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;iff; fz;lwpa fsj;jpw;Fr; nry;Yk; 

Kd;ghf miktpl tptuq;fshd khepy / A+dpad; gpuNjrj;jpd; ngah;> khtl;lj;jpd; 

ngah;> jhYfhtpd; ngah;> efuj;jpd; ngah;> thh;L vz;> tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;fpd; vz; Mfpait cq;fsplk; ,Uf;fpwJ vd;gij cWjp nra;J nfhs;sTk;. 

rhjhuzkhf> ,t;tptuq;fs; cq;fisf; fzf;nfLg;ghsuhf epakpj;j nghWg;G 

mjpfhhpahy; (efu¥gFÂfS¡F efuh£Á / khefuh£Á Miza®) toq;fg;gl;l 

epakd cj;jutpy; ,Uf;Fk;. fl;llq;fs;> nrd;r]; tPLfs; kw;Wk; mtw;wpy; 

trpf;Fk; FLk;gq;fs; tpLglhky; fzf;nfLf;fg;gLtij cWjp nra;a cq;fSf;F 

mspf;fg;gl;l gFjpapd; vy;iyfis ePq;fs; rhptuj; njhpe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. 

cq;fSf;F mspf;fg;gl;l tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; tptukhd 

Nfhl;Lg;glj;ijj; rhpghh;j;jy;;/jahhpg;gjd; %yk; ,J rhj;jpag;gLk;. cq;fSf;F 

xJf;fg;gl;Ls;s tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;FfSf;fhd Nfhl;Lg;glk; 

fpilf;ftpy;iy vdpy;; xt;nthU fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpw;Fk; jdpj;jdpahf tptukhd 

Nfhl;Lg;glk; jahhpf;f Ntz;Lk vd;gij epidtpy; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 

mijg;NghyNt kw;wg; gjpNtLfSk; xt;nthU tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;fpw;Fk; jdpj;jdpahf jahhpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. Ï›tiugl¤Âš Ú§fŸ 

Å£L¥g£oaš Ãsh¡»‹ všiyfisÍ«, ãuªju m«r§fŸ k‰W« K¡»a 

Ïl§fshd rhiyfŸ, uæšghijfŸ, F‹WfŸ, MWfŸ, F£ilfŸ, têgh£L¤ 

jy§fŸ, K¡»a f£ol§fshd gŸë¡ Tl§fŸ, kUªjf«, mŠryf«, ng%uh£Á 

/ efuh£Á / khefuh£Á mYtyf« M»at‰iw¡ F¿¡f nt©L«. nkY« 

fz¡bfL¥ghs® Ãsh¡»š cŸs bt›btW bjU¡fisÍ«, rªJfisÍ« 

gl¤Âš tiuªJ f£Lkhd§fis¡ F¿¡f nt©L«. Ï›thW brŒtj‹ _y« 

c§fS¡fë¡f¥g£l Å£L¥g£oaš Ãsh¡»‹ gFÂfŸ mid¤ijÍ« 

bjëÎgl¤ bjçªJ bfhŸsyh«. c§fSila Ãsh¡»š cŸs K¡»a 

Ïl§fis¡ F¿¥gj‰fhd milahs¡ F¿pLfŸ nfh£L¥gl« jahç¥gj‰fhf¡ 

bfhL¡f¥g£LŸs got¤Ânyna F¿¡f¥g£LŸsJ. 

2. tptukhd Nfhl;Lg;glk; ifahy; tiuag;gLk; xU glk; MFk;. ,J fl;llk; 

kw;Wk; tPl;L vz;fis cs;slf;fpa xU glkhFk;. ve;j xU tpfpj mstpYk; 

(not to scale) jahhpf;fg;gLk; glk; my;y. tptukhd Nfhl;Lg;glj;ij jahhpg;gjd; 

Nehf;fk; cq;fSf;F mspf;fg;gl;l gFjp KOtJk; fzf;nfLg;gpy; 

Nrh;f;fg;gl;Ltpl;lJ vd;gij cWjp nra;tjw;fhfNtahFk;. Kf;fpa ,lq;fshd 

rhiyfs;> uapy;ghijfs;> Fd;Wfs;> MWfs;> Fl;ilfs;> topghl;Lj;jyq;fs;> 

Kf;fpa fl;llq;fshd gs;spf;$lq;fs;> kUe;jfk;> mQ;ryfk;> Cuhl;rp mYtyfk; 

Mfpatw;iwf; Fwpf;f Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; fzf;nfLg;ghsh; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; 

cs;s ntt;NtW njUf;fisAk;> re;JfisAk; glj;jpy; tiue;J 

fl;Lkhdq;fisf; Fwpf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,t;thW nra;tjd; %yk; cq;fSf;F 

mspf;fg;gl;l tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; gFjpfs; midj;;ijAk; 

njspTglj; njhpe;J nfhs;syhk;. cq;fSila fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; cs;s 

Kf;fpa ,lq;fisf; Fwpg;gjw;fhd milahsf; FwpaPLfs; tiuglk; 

jahhpg;gjw;fhff; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s gbtj;jpNyNa Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 

69


3. xt;nthU efu tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpw;Fk; tptukhd Nfhl;Lg;glk; 

,uz;L gpujpfs; jahhpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. xU tPl;Lg; gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;ifAk; ,d;ndhU tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;ifAk; gphpf;f vy;iy 

NfhLfisj; njspthf Fwpg;gJ kpfTk; mtrpak;. ,e;j vy;iyf; NfhLfs; 

Kbe;jtiu ,aw;ifahd vy;iyfshf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; vy;iyf; 

NfhLfSf;F ,UGwKk; cs;s epy rh;Nt vz;fs; my;yJ epyj;jpd; chpikahsh; 

ngah; Nghd;wtw;iw fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; vy;iyf; NfhLfshff; Fwpf;fTk;. 

4. xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;Ffisf; nfhz;l efuq;fisg; 

nghUj;jtiu> xt;nthU fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; vy;iyf; NfhLfSk; njspthff; 

Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;gij Nkw;ghh;it mYtyh; cWjp nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

,j;jifa fpuhkq;fspYs;s tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; vy;iyfis 

tiuglj;jpy; epue;ju mk;rq;;;;;;;;fshd rhiy> MW> fhy;tha;> uapy;ghij> njU 

Nghd;wtw;iwAk; Fwpf;f Ntz;Lk;. NkYk; gf;fj;jpy; cs;s tPl;Lg;gl;bay; 

fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; vz; my;yJ fpuhkj;jpd; vz; vJNth mijf; Fwpf;f 

Ntz;Lk;. ,jd; Kf;fpakhd Nehf;fk; ,f;fpuhkq;fspy; cs;s ve;j xU gFjpNah 

my;yJ tPLfspd; njhFjpNah tpLgltpy;iy vd;gij cWjp nra;tjw;fhfNt 

MFk;. mNj rkak; efuj;jpy; ve;j xU gFjpNah my;yJ tPLfspd; njhFjpNah 

xNu Neuj;jpy; ,uz;L fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;Ffspy; Nrh;f;fg;gltpy;iy vd;gij 

cWjp nra;tjw;fhfTk; MFk;. 

5. fhLfspy; cs;s FbapUg;G gFjpfs; fhl;bd; ntt;NtW gFjpfspy; $l;lhf 

,ize;jthW ,Uf;ff;$Lk;. ,f;FbapUg;Gg; gFjpfspd; ngah;fs; VjhtJ 

,Ue;jhy; mij gjpa Ntz;Lk;. ,f;FbapUg;Gg; gFjpfisf; fz;lwpa trjpahf 

FbapUg;GfSf;F mUfpy; cs;s ePNuhil> Fd;W> rhiy Nghd;w epue;ju 

mk;rq;fis Fwpg;gJ kpfTk; mtrpak;. Vnddpy; rpy kiytho; kf;fs; 

trpf;Fk; FbapUg;Gfspy; cs;sth;fs; mt;tg;NghJ ,lk; khwpf;nfhz;bUg;ghh;fs;. 

fhl;by; cs;s vy;yh FbapUg;Gf; gFjpfSk; tPl;Lg; gl;baypy; Nrh;f;fg;gl;Ltpl;lJ 

vd;gij ,J cWjp nra;Ak;. 

6. gz;izfs;> Njhl;lq;fisg; (Estates/Plantations) nghWj;jtiu me;je;j gz;iz 

my;yJ Njhl;l mYtyh;fisf; Nfl;lwpe;J cq;fSf;F mspf;fg;gl;l gFjpapd; 

vy;iyfs; eph;zak; nra;aTk;. mjd;gpd; cq;fSila gFjpf;Fr; nrd;W 

tiuglj;ij jahhpf;fTk;. 

7. ef®¥gFÂfS¡fhd tiugl§fŸ jahç¥gj‰F filÃo¡f¥g£l 

têKiwfisna Ïj‰F« Ã‹g‰¿ jahç¡fÎ«. bgU«ghyhd efu§fëš 

efuh£Áæ‹ tiugl tiuths® efu¤Â‹ gl§fis V‰fdnt xU é»j mséš 

Tl jahç¤J it¤ÂU¡f¡ TL«. Ï¥gl§fŸ c§fS¡F äfÎ« cjéahf 

ÏU¡F«. Áy rka§fëš efu§fë‹ všiyfŸ cWÂæšyhkš bjëé‹¿ 

étç¡f¥g£L rçtu tiuaW¡f¥glhkš ÏU¡F«. mjdhš efu¤ij¢ R‰¿ÍŸs 

gFÂfis¥ g‰¿¢ (Out Skirts) rªnjf§fŸ vH¡TL«. ÏJ eh§fŸ v§fSila 

mDgt¤Âš f©l¿ªj c©ik. Mifahš tiugl¤Âš všiyfis r®nt 

70


v©fshY« ãuªju m«r§fshY« F¿¡f nt©L«. Áy neu§fëš rhiyæ‹ 

xU g¡f« efu všiy¡FŸS« kW g¡f« efukhf Ô®khå¡f¥g£l všiy¡F 

btëna efu¤Jl‹ nr®¡f¥glhkY« ÏU¡F«. Ï›étu§fŸ mid¤ijÍ« 

neçš br‹W gh®¤J ftdkhf rçbrŒj Ã‹òjh‹ nk‰gh®it mYty®fŸ 

tiugl« rçahf ÏU¡»wJ v‹W rh‹wë¡f nt©L«. xU efu¤Â‹ 

všiyiabah£oÍŸs òwef® ts®¢Á¥ gFÂfŸ (Suburban Growth) ÏUªjhš 

mt‰iwÍ« bjUé‹ xU gFÂ efu všiy¡F btëna ÏUªjhš mijÍ« 

nk‰gh®it mÂfhçfë‹ ftd¤Â‰F bfh©Ltu nt©L«. Ï¥gFÂfŸ vªj 

ã®thf¥ gFÂ¡F£g£lJ v‹gij f©l¿ªJ m¥gFÂæš rçahf¢ nr®¥gj‰fhd 

têKiwfis mt®fŸ brŒth®fŸ. 

8. efu¥gFÂfëš c§fSila Å£L¥g£oaš Ãsh¡»YŸs x›bthU rhiy 

k‰W« bjUéš cŸs x›bthU f£ol¤Â‹ ÏU¥Ãl¤ijÍ« fh©Ã¤J 

bjëthf tiugl« jahç¡f nt©L« všyh rhiyfS«, bjU¡fS« bjëthf 

tiua¥g£L rhiyfŸ k‰W« bjU¡fë‹ bga®fSl‹ Toa c§fŸ 

Å£L¥g£oaš Ãsh¡»‰fhd tiugl« x‹W jah® brŒa¥glnt©L«. Ã‹ò 

x›bthU f£llK« mÂš F¿¡f¥glnt©L«. KGtJ« FoæU¥ò mšyhj 

ÅLfis FoæU¥ò ÅLfëèUªJ ntWgL¤Â¡ fh£L« tifæš, m›ÅLfis 

nfho£L (Hatching) fh©Ã¡f nt©L«. Ïjdhš c§fSila gâÍ« 

k‰wt®fŸ gâÍ« vëjhF«. nkY« K¡»a k‰W« ãuªju f£ll§fshd ef® 

k‹w«, bgça mYtyf f£ll«, ÚÂk‹w¡ f£ll«, mŠry¡ f£ll«, 

kU¤Jtkid, gŸë¡Tl«, njthya«, tâf tshf¡ f£ll«, m§fho¡ f£ll« 

ngh‹wt‰iwÍ« tiugl¤Ây F¿¥Ã£L¡ fh©Ã¡f nt©L«. 

9. ve;nje;j tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;Ffspy; jpUg;jpfukhf tPl;byf;f 

Kiw ,Uf;fpwNjh mq;nfy;yhk; ePq;fs; mNj tPl;byf;f Kiwia tptukhd 

Nfhl;Lg;glk; jahhpf;f vLj;Jf;nfhs;syhk;. mq;F ,Uf;Fk; tPl;L vz;fisNa 

tptukhd Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpYk; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. Kiwahd tPl;byf;f 

Kiw ,y;yhj fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;Ffspy; Vw;fdNt nrhy;yg;gl;l mwpTiufspd;gb 

fl;llq;fSf;Fk; tPLfSf;Fk; ePq;fs; vz;fs; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. mt;ntz;fis 

cq;fs; fzf;nfLg;ghsh; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;FfSf;fhd tptukhd 

Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpYk; Fwpf;f Ntz;Lk;. 

F¿¥ò : F¿¥Ã£l efu¥gFÂfëš c§fS¡F òéæaš jftšKiw 

mo¥gilæyhd Å£L¥g£oaš Ãsh¡ tiugl« bfhL¡f¥gL«. Ï«khÂçahd 

rªj®¥g§fëš Ï›tiugl§fis Ú§fŸ fs¤Â‰F vL¤J¢ br‹W 

m›tiugl¤Jl‹ bfhL¡f¥g£LŸs têKiwfë‹ mo¥gilæš tiugl¤ij 

mªehŸtiu rçbrŒa nt©L«. 

efh;Gu vy;iyfs; mlq;fpa tiuglq;fs; Nkw;ghh;itahsh;fsplk; toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 

me;j tiuglq;fspy; kf;fs;njhif fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ gphpf;fg;gl;l fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;Ffs; gphpj;J fhl;lg;gl Ntz;Lk;. xUNtis xU Nkw;ghh;itahsUf;F 

toq;fg;gl;Ls;s fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;Ffs; xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l Ng&uhl;rpfis 

71


cs;slf;fpajhf ,Uf;Fk; gl;rj;jpy; rk;;ge;jg;gl;l midj;J Ng&uhl;rpfspd; 

tiuglq;fisAk; ngw;W mtw;wpy; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;Ffspd; vy;iyfis 

Jy;ypakhf tiuaWj;J fhz;gpf;f Ntz;Lk;. 

tptukhd Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpy; xt;nthU fl;llKk; fhz;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. tiuglj;jpy; 

xt;nthU fl;llj;ijAk; Fwpg;gjd; Nehf;fk; xt;nthU fl;llKk; vt;tifahdJ 

vd;gijf; fz;lwptjw;fhFk;. ,jw;fhf cWjpahd (Pucca) cWjpaw;w (Kutcha) 

fl;Lkhdq;is fPNo tpsf;fg;gl;Lts;sthW Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s ngl;bf;fl;lk; %yk; 

fhz;gpf;fTk;. 

cWjpahd fl;llq;fis rJu tbtj;jpYk; cWjpaw;w fl;llj;ij Kf;Nfhz 

tbtj;jpYk; fhz;gpf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,f;fl;llq;fspy; rpy KOtJk; my;yJ 

gFjpahd FbapUg;gthfTk; kw;wit KOtJk; FbapUg;G my;yhj kw;w 

cgNahfj;jpw;Fk; gad;gLk;. KOtJk; FbapUg;G my;yhj cWjpahd fl;llq;fis 

rJukhf tiue;J mr;rJuj;ij Nfhbl;L fhz;gpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mNj Neuj;jpy; 

KOtJk; FbapUg;G my;yhj cWjpaw;w fl;llj;ij Kf;Nfhzkhf tiue;J 

NfhLbl;L fhz;gpf;f Ntz;Lk;. ntt;NtW tifahd cjhuzq;fs; ngl;bfSld; 

fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 

- cWjpahd fl;llk;> KOtJk; my;yJ gFjp FbapUg;G 

- cWjpahd fl;llk;> KOtJk; FbapUg;G my;yhjJ 

- cWjpaw;w fl;llk; KOtJk; my;yJ gFjp FbapUg;G 

- cWjpaw;w fl;llk; KOtJk; FbapUg;G my;yhjJ 

tptukhd Nfhl;Lg;glk; jahhpg;gjw;F Rth;fs; kw;Wk $iu fPo;f;fz;l 

fl;Lkhd nghUl;fshy; fl;lg;gl;bUe;jhy; mit cWjpahd 

fl;llq;fs; MFk;. 

Rthpd; fl;Lkhdg; nghUs;: 

• fw;fs;(Rz;zhk;G my;yJ rpnkz;l; fyit nfhz;L fl;lg;gl;lJ) GI cNyhfk;/ 

M];ng];lh]; jfLfs;> Rl;l nrq;fw;fs;> rpnkz;l; fw;fs;> fhd;f;hPl;. 

$iuapd;; fl;Lkhdg; nghUs;: 

• ,ae;jpuj;jhy; jahhpf;fg;gl;l XLfs;> rpnkz;l; XLfs;> Rl;l nrq;fw;fs;> fw;fs;> 

fw;gyif> GI cNyhfk;. M];ng];lh]; jfLfs;> fhd;f;hPl;. 

(Fwpg;G: fl;llq;fspd; Rth;fs; kw;Wk; $iu NkNy Fwpg;gplg;gl;l nghUs;fs; my;yhky; 

Rlhj nrq;fy;> %q;fpy;> fspkz;> Gy;> Nfhiu> ehzy;> gpsh];bf;/ ghypjPd;> fw;fis 

mLf;fp fyitapd;wp fl;Ljy; Nghd;w nghUl;fshy; fl;lg;gl;bUe;jhy; mit cWjpaw;w 

fl;llkhff; fUjg;gLk;.) 

72


10. cWjpahd fl;llkh my;yJ cWjpaw;w fl;llkh vd;gij tifg;gLj;Jk; Kiwiaj; 

njspthff; Ghpe;J nfhz;Ltpl;lhy; mtw;iw tptukhd Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpy; fhl;LtJ 

kpfTk; vspJ. cq;fSila fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; cs;s fl;ll vz; 9 

cWjpahd fl;llkhfTk; mJ KOtJk; my;yJ gFjpahf FbapUg;ghf 

,Ue;jhy; 9 mf;fl;llj;ij vd;W fhl;lTk;. mNj Neuj;jpy; KOtJk; 

FbapUg;G my;yhj cWjpahd 10 Mk; vz; 10 fl;llj;ij , vd;W fhl;lTk;> 

mijg;NghyNt KOtJk; my;yJ gFjpahd FbapUg;ghf cs;s 15 cWjpaw;w 

15 Mk; vz; fl;llj;ij vd;W fhl;lNtz;Lk;.KOtJk; FbapUg;G my;yhj 

cWjpaw;w 15 6 Mk;; vz; fl;llj;ij V vd;W fhl;l Ntz;Lk;. 

11. tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpd; vy;iyfisAk; epue;ju mk;rq;fshd 

Kf;fpa ,lq;fs; (Land Marks) rhiyfs;> uapy;ghij> MW> fhy;tha;> 

topghl;Lj;jyq;fs; gs;spf;$lk;> kUe;jfk; Nghd;w Kf;fpa fl;llq;fis tptukhd 

Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpy; fhl;ba gpd;G cq;fSila tPl;Lg;gl;bay; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; 

cs;s xt;nthU fl;llj;jpw;Fk; 

nrd;r]; tPl;bw;Fk; ,yf;fk; nfhLf;f 

Ntz;Lk;. fl;llq;fSf;Fk;> nrd;r]; tPLfSf;Fk; ,yf;fkpLk; Kiwgw;wp Ke;ija 

gj;jpfspy; tpthpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. cq;fSf;fspf;fg;gl;l ePz;;lehs; mopahky; 

,Uf;ff; $ba nghUl;fisf; nfhz;L ePq;fs; tPl;;;;;;byf;fk; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. 

,t;tpyf;fq;fs>; fl;llq;fs; kw;Wk; nrd;r]; tPLfspd; Kf;fpakhd ,lq;fspy; 

vOjg;gl Ntz;Lk;. clNd tptukhd Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpYk; Fwpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

cjhuzkhf fl;l vz; 1 ,y; %d;W nrd;r]; tPLfs; ,Ue;jhy; mij 

gpd;tUkhW fhz;gpf;fTk;. 

fl;ll vz;Zld; mf;fl;llj;jpy; 

cs;s nrd;r]; tPLfs; 

vjpypUe;J njhlq;fp vJtiu 

KbfpwJ vd;gij fPNo ngl;bapy; 

nfhLj;jpUg;gJ Nghy; fl;llj;jpd;; 

gpujhd thry; Eiothapypy; 

vOjg;gl Ntz;Lk; 

1 

1(1)-1(3) 

nrd;r]; tPl;L vz;fs; fPNo 

ngl;bapy; nfhLj;jpUg;gJ Nghy; 

xt;nthU nrd;r]; tPl;bd; 

Eiothapypy; vOjg;gl 

Ntz;Lk;. 

1(1) 1(2) 1(3) 

12 tptukhd Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpy; xt;nthU fl;llj;jpw;Fk; mJ cWjpahd fl;llkhfNth 

my;yJ cWjpaw;w fl;llkhfNth ,Ue;jhYk; fl;ll vz; nfhLj;J mf;fl;ll 

vz;iz rJu/Kf;Nfhz fl;lj;jpw;Fs; gjpa Ntz;Lk;. xU fl;llj;jpy; xd;Wf;F 

Nkw;gl;l nrd;r]; tPLfs; ,Ue;jhy; mf;fl;llj;jpy; cs;s nrd;r]; tPLfis 

mt;tPl;bw;fhd rJu/Kf;Nfhzj;jpw;F fPNo gjpa Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzkhf fl;ll 

vz; 5 ,y; ehd;F nrd;r]; tPLfs; ,Ue;jhy; mf;fl;llj;jpw;fhd rJu/Kf;Nfhz 

73


fl;lj;jpw;Fs; 5 vd;W gjpe;j gpd;G nrd;r]; tPl;L vz; 5(1)-5(4) vd;gij 

mf;fl;llj;jpw;fhd rJu/Kf;Nfhz fl;lj;jpw;Ff; fPNo vOjpf; fhl;l Ntz;L;k;. 

xUNtis mf;fl;llk; xNu xU nrd;r]; tPl;ilf; nfhz;bUe;jhy; mjd; fl;ll 

vz;Zk; nrd;r]; tPl;L vz;Zk; xd;NwahFk;. Mifahy; nrd;r]; tPl;L 

vz;iz rJu/Kf;Nfhz fl;lj;jpw;F fPNo vOj Ntz;ba mtrpakpy;iy. xU 

fl;llj;jpy; xU nrd;r]; tPL ,Ue;J mJ FbapUg;G my;yhj cgNahfkhf 

,Ue;jhy; mf;fl;llj;jpd; rJu/Kf;Nfhz fl;lj;ij Nfhbl;L fhl;b fl;lj;jpw;Fs; 

fl;ll vz;iz vOj Ntz;Lk;. tptukhd Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpy; Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;s 

fl;ll my;yJ nrd;r]; tPl;L vz;fs; mf;fl;llj;jpd; gpujhd ,lq;fshd 

thry;> Eiothapy;> gpujhd Nfl; Nghd;w ,lq;fspy; vOjg;gl;Ls;s vz;fSld; 

xj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gij ftdj;jpy; nfhs;sTk;. 

13 xt;nthU fl;llj;jpw;Fk; mspf;fg;gl;l vz; tptukhdf; Nfhl;Lg;glj;jpy; Fwpf;fg;gl 

Ntz;Lk;. fl;ll vz;fs; ve;j jpir Nehf;fpr; nry;fpwJ vd;gij Fwpg;gpl 

,ilntspapy; Fwpg;ghf ve;nje;j ,lq;fspy; fl;ll vz;fs; njhlh;gpd;wp 

nry;fpwNjh mq;nfy;yhk; xU mk;Gf;Fwpapl;Lf; fhz;gpf;f Ntz;Lk;. NkYk;; 

xU njUTk; ,d;ndhU njUTk; FWf;fpLk; NghJ fl;ll thpir vz;fs; 

jilg;gLk; rkaq;fspYk; mk;Gf;Fwpaplg;gl Ntz;Lk;. fl;llq;fSf;Fk; nrd;r]; 

tPLfSf;Fk; vz;fs; nfhLg;gjw;F Kd; cq;fSila fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpw;Fs; 

cs;s xU gFjpapy; cs;s rpy fl;llq;fis Njhuhakhf ngd;rpyhy; 

tiuglj;jpy; Fwpj;J nfhs;Sq;fs;. gpd;G mLj;j fl;llg; gFjpfSf;Fr; nry;yTk;. 

tiuglj;jpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s tPl;byf;f KiwahdJ Ke;ija gj;jpfspy; 

tpthpf;fg;gl;l topKiwfspd;gb nfhLf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwjh my;yJ khw;wq;fs; 

VjhtJ nra;a Ntz;Lkh vd;gij cz;ik epiyAld; xg;gpl;Lr; rhpghh;f;f 

Ntz;Lk;. mg;gFjpf;F my;yJ fl;llq;fSf;F ,lg;gl;l vz;zpyf;f Kiw 

rhpahfj;jhd; ,Uf;fpwJ vd;W ePq;fs; jpUg;jp mile;j gpd;G ngd;rpyhy; gjpe;jij 

ikahy; gjpe;Jf;nfhs;sTk;. mjd;gpd;G ePq;fs; NtnwhU gFjpf;F my;yJ 

fl;llq;fSf;F tiuaWf;fg;gl;l Kiwg;gb ,yf;fkpLtjw;fhfr; nry;yyhk;. 

nfh£L¥gl¤Â‹ khjphp ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 

74


nfh£L¥gl¤Â‹ khÂç (Layout Map) 

75


Ïiz¥ò- VI 

Å£L¥ g£oaš RU¡f¤ij (AHL) mªehŸtiu rçbrŒjš (Updating) 

2011-2012 M« M©o‹ k¡fŸbjhif fzbfL¥Ã‹nghJ, fz¡bfL¥ò 

Ãsh¡fhf tiuaW¡f¥g£l gFÂfënyna, Ïªj r_f bghUshjhu rhÂthç 

fz¡bfL¥ò« eilbgw cŸsJ. 2011-M« M©o‹ k¡fŸbjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‹nghJ 

Ïu©L f£l§fshf eilbg‰w fs¥gâfisÍ«, Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤ij cUth¡», 

fs¥gâæ‹nghJ mjid mªehŸtiu rçbrŒjiyÍ«, vëa Kiwæš 

òçªJbfhŸS« tifæš tiugl« x‹W ÑnH ju¥g£LŸsJ. 

Å£L¥g£oaš jahç¥gj‰fhd fs¥gâ 

bjhl§Ftj‰F K‹ Å£L¥g£oaš fz¡bfL¥ò 

Ãsh¡if tiuaW¤jš. 

Å£L¥g£oaš 

jahç¥gj‰fhf njÁa 

k¡fŸbjhif 

gÂnt£il 

jahç¥gj‰fhd bghW¥ò 

gÂntL cUth¡Fjš. 

Å£L¥g£oašfz¡bfL¥ò k‰W« njÁa k¡fŸ bjhif gÂntL (2010‹go) x›bthU 

Å£o¥g£oaš fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡»Y« Å£L¥g£oaš m£ltiz k‰W« 

njÁa k¡fŸ bjhif gÂnt£oY« étu§fŸ nrfç¡f¥g£ld. 

ÒòÂajhf ÂU¤j« 

brŒa¥g£l bghW¥ò 

gÂntL cUth¡Fjš 

bghW¥ò gÂnt£oš, 

x›bthU k¡fŸbjhif 

fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡»‰F« 

xU tçir. 

k¡fŸbjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‰F K‹ghf 

k¡fŸbjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‰fhd fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / 

r¥Ãsh¡ if tiuaW¤jš. 

• Ïªj k¡fŸbjhif fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡-»‹ gFÂahdJ 

Å£L¥g£oaš fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡»‹ msényh mšyJ 

Fiwthd (r¥ Ãsh¡»‰F) gFÂahf ÏUªÂU¡F«. 

• Áy òÂa k¡fŸbjhif fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡FfŸ. 

Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f« cUth¡Fjš 

(AHL) 

• x›bthU fz¡bfL¥ò 

Ãsh¡»‰F« xU Å£L¥g£oaš 

RU¡f« (ò¤jf toéš) 

cUth¡Fjš 

• Å£L¥g£oaš m£ltizæèUªJ 

Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Â‹ ÃçÎ-1 

k‰W« ÃçÎ-2-I ó®¤Â brŒjš. 

k¡fŸbjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‹ fs¥gâ 

Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤ij (AHL) 

mªehŸtiu rçbrŒJ FL«g 

m£ltizæš étu§fis nrfç¤jš. 

• ÃçÎ-2 (AHL) k¡fŸbjhif 

fz¡bfL¥Ã‹nghJ, mªehŸtiu 

rçbrŒjš 

• ÃçÎ-3 (AHL) òÂa br‹br° ÅLfŸ 

k‰W« òÂa FL«g§fis gÂÎ 

brŒjš. 

76


1) k¡fŸ bjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‹, Å£L¥g£oaš fz¡bfL¥ò fs¥gâæ‹nghJ xU 

Å£L¥g£oaš Ãsh¡»š x›bthU FL«g¤ÂY« (Ål‰w FL«g« Ú§fyhf) Å£L¥ 

g£oaš m£ltizæY« k‰W« x›bthU rhjhuz FL«g¤ÂY« njÁa k¡fŸbjhif 

gÂnt£oY« étu§fŸ nrfç¡f¥g£lJ. V‰fdnt étç¤jgo Å£L¥g£oaš 

fz¡bfL¥Ã‰F ÃwF, k¡fŸ bjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‰fhd fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥ 

Ãsh¡FfŸ tiuaW¡f¥g£lJ. Å£L¥g£oaš fz¡bfL¥òfëš cŸs étu§fis 

bfh©L, x›bthU fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡»‰F«, xU Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f« 

(AHL) cUth¡f¥g£lJ. k¡fŸ bjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‹ fs¥gâæ‹nghJ Ïªj 

Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡fkhdJ, m‹iwa ehŸgo rçbrŒa¥g£lJ. Ïªj Å£L¥g£oaš 

RU¡f¤Â‹ efšfŸ r_f bghUshjhu rhÂ¡ fz¡bfL¥ò gâ¡fhf tH§f¥gl 

cŸsJ. Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš Ïl« bg‰WŸs MW ÃçÎfis¥ g‰¿a étu§fŸ 

ÑnH ju¥g£LŸsJ. 

m) ÃçÎ-1: mid¤J mikél F¿pLfshd khãy«, kht£l«, jhYfh, efu«, th®L, 

fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡ Ït‰iw cŸsl§»ajhF«. fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / 

r¥-Ãsh¡»‰F r«gªj¥g£l cça Å£L¥g£oaš Ãsh¡»‰fhd F¿p£ilÍ« 

Ïiz¥gjhf ÏU¡F«. 

M) ÃçÎ-2: 10 1 fy§fis bfh©lJ. Ïªj Ãçé‹ x›bthU tçÍ« x›bthU 

FL«g¤Â‰fhd gÂit bfh©lJ. Ïªj Ãçé‹ fy§fŸ f£ol v©, br‹r° Å£L 

v©, FL«g¤jiytç‹ bga® ngh‹w étu§fis cŸsl¡»ajhF«. fy§fŸ 

x›bth‹W« vëjhf òçªJbfhŸs¡Toajhf mikªJŸsd. k¡fŸbjhif 

fz¡bfL¥Ã‰F K‹dhš Å£L¥g£oaš fs¥gâæ‹nghJ f©l¿a¥g£l mid¤J 

br‹r° ÅLfS« FL«g§fS«, Ïªj Ãçéš g£oaèl¥g£LŸsJ. k¡fŸbjhif 

fz¡bfL¥Ã‹ fs¥gâæ‹nghJ, Ïªj Ãçéš g£oaèl¥g£l étu§fŸ 

fz¡bfL¥ghsuhš vL¤J bršy¥g£L, m‹iwa ãiyæš Ïªj g£oaš 

rçbrŒa¥g£L cça F¿¥òfŸ fy« 10-š gÂÎ brŒa¥g£LŸsJ. 

Ï›thwhf, Ïªj Ãçéš gÂa¥g£LŸs x›bthU FL«g¤Â‰F«, fy« 6-š “FL«g 

v©Q« fy« 8-š “FL«g bjhl® v©Q« gÂa¥g£oU¡F«. fy« 6š 

gÂa¥g£oU¡F« “FL«g v©Q¡F bjhl®òila FL«g¤Â‰Fça njÁa 

k¡fŸbjhif gÂnt£oid (NPR) òif¥gl efyhf (Image) vL¡f¥g£LŸsJ. 

k¡fŸbjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‹, fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥ -Ãsh¡-š fz¡»l¥g£l 

mid¤J rhjhuz ãiya mšyJ Ål‰w FL«g§fS¡F« xU òÂa “FL«g bjhl® 

v©iz fy« 8-š bfhL¡f¥g£LŸsJ. Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš (AHL) 

gÂa¥g£oU¡F« mÂfg£r FL«g bjhl® v©zhdJ F¿¥Ã£l fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ 

/ r¥ Ãsh¡»š k¡fŸbjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‹nghJ f©l¿a¥g£l bkh¤j 

FL«g§fë‹ v©â¡ifahF«. 

Ï) ÃçÎ-3 : 10 fy§fis bfh©l Ïªj Ãçéš k¡fŸbjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‰F 

x›thj Ïu©L fy§fŸ fU¥ò t©z¤jhš ãHè£L fh£l¥g£oU¡F«. 

k¡fŸbjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‹nghJ f©l¿a¥g£l mid¤J òÂa FL«g§fS« 

Ïªj ÃçÎ-3š gÂa¥g£oU¡F«. V‰fdnt FoæUªj xU FL«g« x‹W¡F nk‰g£l 

FL«gkhf Ãçtjhš cUthF« òÂa FL«g§fS«, F¿¥Ã£l xU fz¡bfL¥ò 

Ãsh¡ / r¥ Ãsh¡»‹ gFÂ¡FŸnsna òÂajhf Fotªj FL«gK« Ïªj Ãçéš 

cŸsl§»æU¡F«. 

77



Ïªj FL«g§fS¡F, fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥ Ãsh¡ v© (ÃçÎ-1èUªJ), rçbrŒa¥g£l 

Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Â‹go FL«g jiytç‹ bga® (ÃçÎ-2‹ fy« 7 / ÃçÎ 3-‹ fy« 

7 / ÃçÎ 4-‹ fy« 3) k‰W« FL«g bjhl® v© (ÃçÎ-2‹ fy« 8 / ÃçÎ 3-‹ fy« 8 / ÃçÎ- 

4‹ fy« 6) Ït‰iw k£L«, jhÿfh mYtyf¤Âš cŸs r®t® f«¥ô£lçš gÂÎ 

brŒa¥gL«. Ï›thW gÂÎ brŒtj‹ _y«, k¡fŸbjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‹nghJ 

f©l¿a¥g£l mid¤J FL«g§fisÍ« fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡-Fl‹ 

bjhl®ògL¤Â Ïiz¡f¥gL«. 

6) xU Áy Å£L¥g£oaš Ãsh¡»‹, njÁa k¡fŸ bjhif gÂnt£o‹ òif¥gl 

efiy (Image), vªjbthU fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡-FlD« bjhl®ògL¤Â 

Ïiz¡f KoahkèU¡fyh«. fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡»‹ Kjš eh‹F 

Ïy¡f§fŸ Å£L¥g£oaš Ãsh¡»‹ eh‹F Ïy¡f§fshf ÏU¥gij ãidéš bfhŸf. 

Ï›thwhd njÁa k¡fŸ bjhif gÂnt£o‹ òif¥gl efšfŸ (Image) 

Å£L¥g£oaè‹go, Å£L¥g£oaš Ãsh¡ v© k‰W« FL«g v©iz 

bfh©oU¥gijÍ«, Mdhš fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡ v© k‰W« FL«g¤ bjhl® 

v© ÏšyhÂU¥gijÍ« fhzyh«. 

7) nkny étç¡f¥g£lthW, xU F¿¥Ã£l Å£L¥g£oaš Ãsh¡»‹ mid¤J 

òif¥gl efšfŸ, FL«gjiytç‹ bga® k‰W« FL«g bjhl® v©izÍ«, cça 

fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥ Ãsh¡-Fl‹ Ïiz¤J, fs¥gâ bjhl§Ftj‰F K‹d®, 

fs¥gâahsuhš, cgnahf¥ gL¤j¥gL« if fâåæš cŸÇL brŒa¥gl nt©L«. 

8) Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Â‹ efš got¤Jl‹ fs¥gâ¡F bršY« 

fz¡bfL¥ghs®, j‹Dl‹ xU fâå Ïa¡FgtiuÍ« (Data Entry Operator) miH¤J 

bršth®. Ïªj fâå Ïa¡Fgt® (DEO) njÁa k¡fŸ bjhif gÂnt£o‹ òif¥gl efš, 

FL«g¤jiytç‹ bga® k‰W« FL«g bjhl® v© Ït‰iw V‰fdnt cŸÇL brŒj 

if fâåiaÍ« j‹Dl‹ vL¤J¢ bršth®. 

9) Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Â‹ efiy bgW« fz¡bfL¥ghs®, ÃçÎ-3 k‰W« ÃçÎ- 

4‹ ÏWÂ gÂé‹ mL¤j tçæš Át¥ò t©z nfhL Ïl nt©L«. ÃçÎ 3 k‰W« ÃçÎ 

4š vªjbthU FL«gK« / gÂÎ brŒa¥glhj ãiyæš, fz¡bfL¥ghs®, Ïªj Ïu©L 

ÃçÎfë‹ Kjš tçænyna Át¥ò t©z nfhL Ïl nt©L«. 

10) Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš g£oaèl¥g£l FL«gkhdJ, r_f bghUshjhu 

rhÂthç fz¡bfL¥ò fs¥gâæ‹nghJ, mnj fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡»š 

f©l¿a¥gLkhæ‹, m¡FL«g¤Â‰F, mnj FL«g v© k‰W« FL«g bjhl® v©iz 

bfh©oU¡f nt©L« v‹gij ãidéš bfhŸf. Ïªj mo¥gil Kiwæ‹go, r_f 

bghUshjhu rhÂthç fz¡bfL¥Ã‹ nghJ, vÂ®bfhŸS« bt›ntW Nœãiyfëš 

Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤ij mªehŸtiu rçbrŒJ F¿¤J ÑnH étç¡f¥g£LŸsJ. 

NHš :1 

Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš fhz¥gL« xU FL«g«, r_f bghUshjhu rhÂ 

fz¡bfL¥Ã‹nghJ mnj fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡»‹ gFÂæš cŸs 

mnj br‹r° Å£onyh mšyJ ntW br‹r° Å£onyh fhz¥gLjš: ÏJnt 

79


bgU«ghY« vÂ®gh®¡f¡ Toa ãiy. Ïªãiyæš, fz¡bfL¥ghs®, 

Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš, F¿¥Ã£l mªj FL«g¤Â‰fhd gÂé‹ ÏlJ g¡f¤Âš 

(fy«-1š) “” (o¡ kh®¡) brŒJ, nfŸéfS¡fhd étu§fis if fââæš 

nrfç¡fyh«. xU Áy rªj®g§fëš, FL«g jiytnuh mšyJ k‰w Áy FL«g 

cW¥Ãd®fnsh, V‰fdnt FoæUªj fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡»èUªJ 

btëna¿æU¡fyh« mšyJ JuÂZlkhf ÏwªÂUªJ, ÛjKŸs FL«g 

cW¥Ãd®fŸ mnj fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥ Ãsh¡»nyna FoæU¡fyh«. Ïªj 

ãiyæY«, fy«-1š “” brŒaÎ«. FL«g jiyt® kh¿ ÏU¡F« ãiyæš, 

giHa FL«g jiytç‹ bgaiu t£lä£L òÂa jiytç‹ bgaiu ÃçÎ -2/3-‹ 

fy« 7-š mšyJ ÃçÎ 4-š fy« 3-š gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

NHš :2 

Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš fhz¥gL« xU FL«g«, r_f bghUshjhu rhÂ 

fz¡bfL¥Ã‹nghJ« mnj fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡»š fhz¥g£L, 

Mdhš m¡FL«g¤Âš xU Áy cW¥Ãd®fŸ jåahf ÃçªJ, jå FL«gkhf 

mnj fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡»š thœªJ tU« ãiy: Ïªãiyæš 

Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš g£oaè£l mnj FL«g« thœªJ tU« br‹r° 

Å£il f©l¿ªJ, Ïšyhjg£r¤Âš mªj FL«g jiytiu j‰nghJ xU 

cW¥Ãduhf bfh©l mªj FL«g« thG« br‹r° Å£il f©l¿ªJ, mªj 

br‹r° Å£o‹ gÂé‰F vÂnu ÏlJ g¡f¤Âš fy« -1š “ ” (o¡ kh®¡) 

brŒtJl‹ m¤Âaha« 2-š és¡fkhf T¿ago F¿¥ò fy¤Âš F¿¥òiu vGj 

nt©L«. ÛjKŸs cW¥Ãd®fis bfh©l FL«g«, Ïªj fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ 

/ r¥ Ãsh¡»š fhz¥g£lhš Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš (if-fâåæèUªJ 

bgw¥g£l) òÂa FL«g bjhl® v©iz gÂa nt©L«. Ïªj òÂa FL«g bjhl® 

v©zhdJ, Å£L¥ g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš gÂa¥g£l mÂfg£r bjhl® v©â‰F 

mL¤j v©zhf mikÍ«. ÛjKŸs cW¥Ãd®fis bfh©l òÂa FL«gkhdJ, 

giHa FL«g« thœªJ tªj mnj br‹r° Å£oš thœªJ tUnkahdhš, giHa 

FL«g¤Â‹ étu§fis nrfç¤J Ko¤jJ«, òÂa FL«g¤Â‹ étu§fŸ 

nrfç¡f¥glnt©L«. Ïªj òÂa FL«g¤Â‹ gÂit Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Â‹ 

ÃçÎ-3š gÂa¥gl nt©L«. ÃçÎ 3‹ F¿¥òiu fy¤Âš, cça F¿¥òiuia, 

m¤Âaha« 2-š étç¡f¥g£lthW vGj nt©L«. Ïªj Ïu©L FL«g§fë‹ 

gÂÎfëš, r«gªj¥g£l F¿¥ò fy¤Âš F¿¥òiu vGJtJ 

f£lhakh¡f¥g£LŸsJ. Ïªj F¿¥òiu Ïu©L FL«g§fisÍ« milahs« 

fh©gj‰F cjéahf ÏU¡F«. 

xU Áy FL«g§fëš, gz« bfhL¤J j§F« éUªÂd®fŸ Å£L ntiy 

brŒÍ« ntiyah£fŸ, mšyJ k‰w ntiyah£fŸ Kjèat®fis xnu 

FL«g¤Â‹ cW¥Ãd®fshf fz¡bfL¥g¥g£oU¡fyh«. r_f bghUshjhu 

rhÂ fz¡bfL¥Ã‹nghJ Ïªj gz« bfhL¤J j§F« éUªÂd®fŸ, Å£L 

ntiy brŒÍ« ntiyah£fŸ mšyJ k‰w ntiyah£fis Ãujhd 

FL«g¤ÂèUªJ Ãç¤J jå¡FL«gkhf Ãç¥gJl‹, Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš 

òÂajhf gÂa¥g£L, mj‰F¿a F¿¥òiufis, m¤Âaha« 2-š 

étç¡f¥g£lthW vGj nt©L«. 

80


NHš :3 

F¿¥Ã£l xU fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡»š, òÂajhf FotªJŸs 

FL«g¤Â‰F, Å£L¥ g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš (AHL)gÂÎfŸ Ïšyhj ãiy : 

Ï›thwhd FL«g§fS¡F ÃçÎ-3š, òÂa tçæš, f£ll v©, br‹r° Å£L v©, 

FL«g jiyt® bga® k‰W« FL«g bjhl® v© (if fâåæš òÂajhf 

bgw¥gL«) Kjèa étu§fis gÂa nt©L«. 

NHš : 4 

fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡»š òÂa FoæU¥Ãšyhj f£ol« / brd¦r°, 

°, 

ÅL fhz¥gL« ãiy: Ï›thwhd br‹r° ÅLfS¡F, Å£L¥g£oaš 

RU¡f¤Â‹ ÃçÎ-3š, òÂa tçæš, f£ll v©, br‹r° Å£L v©, br‹r° 

Å£o‹ ga‹ghL ngh‹w mid¤J fy§fë‹ étu§fisÍ« gÂÎ brŒa 

nt©L«. fy« 7‹ FL«g jiytç‹ bga®, fy« 8‹ FL«g bjhl® v© Kjèa 

fy§fis ó®¤Â brŒa nt©oaÂšiy. Ïªj br‹r° Å£oš vªj xU egU« 

FoæU¡féšiy v‹gij cWÂgL¤Â bfhŸsnt©L«. 

NHš :5 

fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥ - Ãsh¡»š V‰fdnt FoæU¥ghf ÏUªj br‹r° 

ÅL, j‰nghJ FoæU¥Ãšyhj br‹r° Ålhf f©l¿a¥gL« ãiy: 

Ïªãiyæš xU F¿¥Ã£l FL«g« V‰fdnt FoæUªj br‹r° Å£oèUªJ, 

mnj fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡»YŸs ntW xU br‹r° Å£o‰F 

Fobga®ªÂUªjhš, Fo¥bga®ªJŸs òÂa br‹r° Å£il f©l¿ªJ, Ïªj 

FL«g¤Â‰fhd br‹r° Å£L v© F¿¤J cça kh‰w¤ij, Å£L¥g£oaš 

RU¡f¤Âš gÂÎ brŒa¥gl nt©L« v‹whY« xU F¿¥Ã£l fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ 

/ r¥-Ãsh¡»‰F btëna Fobga®ªJŸs FL«g¤ij bghW¤jtiuæš, Ïªj 

FL«g étu§fis gÂÎ brŒa¥g£LŸs tçæ‹ fy« -1š “X’’ v‹w F¿æ£L, 

F¿¥òiuÍ« jFªj F¿p£ilÍ« gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. Ïªj FL«g¤Â‹ FL«g 

v© k‰W« FL«g bjhl® v© Kjèat‰¿š vªj khWjY« brŒa 

nt©oaÂšiy v‹gij ãidéš bfhŸf. 

NHš :6 

Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤Âš g£oaèl¥g£l xU FL«g«, xU F¿¥Ã£l 

fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥-Ãsh¡»èUªJ btëæš Fobga®ªj ãiy: Ï›tif 

mid¤J FL«g§fis bghW¤jtiwæš, Ïªj FL«g§fë‹ étu§fis gÂÎ 

brŒa¥g£LŸs tçfë‹ fy« -1š “X’’ v‹w F¿æ£L, m¤Âaha« 2-š 

étç¡f¥g£LŸsthW cça F¿¥òfisÍ«, jFªj F¿p£ilÍ« gÂÎ brŒa 

nt©L«, k‰W« Ïnj F¿¥òfŸ x›bthU FL«g cW¥Ãd®fë‹ gÂé‰F vÂnu 

if fâåæš gÂa¥gLtij cWÂ brŒJ bfhŸs nt©L«. 

NHš :7 

fz¡bfL¥ò Ãsh¡ / r¥ Ãsh¡ òÂajhf f©l¿a¥g£l Ål‰w FL«g« g‰¿a 

ãiy: Ï›tifahd FL«g§fis bghW¤jtiuæš nkny (iii)-š 

étç¤JŸsgo, Ïªj òÂa Ål‰w FL«g§fë‹ étu§fis, Å£L¥g£oaš 

RU¡f¤Â‹ ÃçÎ 4-š gÂÎ brŒa nt©L«. 

81


tPl;L gl;bay; RUf;fj;ij rhpghh;f;fg;gLtjw;fhd rpy cjhuzq;fs; 

Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤ij nk«gL¤jš - têKiwfŸ 

#oy;-1 

fsg;gzpapd;NghJ FLk;gj; jiythpd; 

ngah; AHL gbahf xj;Js;sJ 

#oy;-2 1(a) 

FLk;gj; jiyth; fhykhfptpl;lhh; Mdhy; 

,ju cWg;gpdh;fs; xNu FLk;gkhf 

fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; fhzg;gLjy; 

• fPNo fhz;gpf;fg;gl;Ls;sgb me;j FLk;gj;jp;w;fhd 

thpirapd; fyk;-1 y; FwpaplTk;. 

• FLk;gj; jiyth; khwpAs;s epiyapy; mtuJ 

ngahpid tl;lkpl;L Gjpa FLk;gj;jiytuJ 

ngahpid gjpaTk;. 

xt;nthU cWg;gpdhpd; epiy gw;wpa tptuj;jpid Fwpg;Giufyj;jpy; Fwpg;gpl Ntz;L;k; 

tçir 

v© 

gphpT-2/gphpT-3: AHL y; fhzg;gLfpd;w FLk;gk; ,f;fzf;nfLg;gpYk; fhzg;gLfpwJ 

Å£L¥ 

g£oaš 

Ãsh¡ 

v© 

f£ 

ol 

v© 

br‹ 

r° 

Å£L 

v© 

br‹r° 

ÅL v›thW 

ga‹g 

L¤j¥ 

gL»wJ 

FL 

«g 

v© 

FL«g¤ 

jiy 

tç‹ 

bga® 

FL«g 

bjhl® 

v© 

gh®it 

æ£l/ 

Û©L« 

gh®itæ£l 

njÂ 

F¿¥òiu 

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 

30 - - - - - rutz‹ 013 26.2.11 1 3 

2 2 

5 1 

 

F¿pL 

eg®fë‹ 

v©â¡if 

NHš-2 

Ïnj Ãsh¡‹ 

ntW xU 

FL«g¤ÂèUªJ 

ÃçªJ j‰bghGJ 

fz¡bfL¥ò 

Ãsh¡»š 

fhz¥gL« òÂa 

FL«g« k‰W« 

tçir 

v© 

ÃçÎ 3 òÂa FL«g¤Âid AHL èš bfh©L tUjš 

Å£L¥ 

g£oaš 

Ãsh¡ 

v© 

f£ 

ol 

v© 

br‹ 

r° 

Å£L 

v© 

br‹r° 

ÅL v›thW 

ga‹g 

L¤j¥ 

gL»wJ 

FL 

«g 

v© 

FL«g¤ 

jiy 

tç‹ 

bga® 

FL«g 

bjhl® 

v© 

gh®it 

æ£l/ 

Û©L« 

gh®itæ£l 

njÂ 

F¿¥òiu 

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 

F¿pL 

eg®fë‹ 

v©â¡if 

NHš -3 

k¡fŸ bjhif 

fz¡bfL¥Ã‹ 

nghJ 

fhz¥glhkš 

j‰nghJ 

fhz¥gL« òÂa 

FL«g¤ijÍ« 

AHL èš gÂÎ 

brŒjš 

40 95 95 FoæU¥ò KUf‹ 021 - - - 

filÁ FL«g¤Â‰F ÑnH Ïl¥gL« Áf¥ò ikæyhd nfhL 

41 87/1 87/1 FoæU¥ò y£Rä 024 3.2.12 5 3 

82


k¡fŸ bjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‹ nghJ Ål‰w k¡fŸ j§F« Ïl§fis milahs« fhQjš. 

tçir 

v© 

j§»ÍŸs 

Ïl§fë‹ 

étu§fŸ 

Ål‰w FL«g¤Â‹ 

FL«g¤ jiytç‹ 

bga® (KG¥ bga®) 

njhuhakhd 

eg®fŸ 

Ï¡FL«g« 2011, 

Ã¥utç-28« njÂ 

ÏuÎ, Ïªj Ãsh¡»š 

f©l¿¥g£ljh 

(M«/Ïšiy) 

FL«g¤ bjhl® 

v© 

(Ïªj got¤Â‹ 

fy« v© 5š M« 

v‹W ÏUªjhš 

k£L«) ÃçÎ 3 

fy« 8‹, filÁ 

tçir v©â‹ 

bjhl®¢Á 

F¿¥òiu 

F¿pL 

eg®fë‹ 

v©â¡if 

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 

8 mŠrš mYtf« 

vÂçš 

Ïuhkrhä 

3 M« 

29 


9 Át‹ nfhæš 

mU»š (f£ol 

v©.7) 

rªÂu‹ 1 Ïšiy 

k¡fŸ bjhif fz¡bfL¥Ã‹ nghJ fhz¥glhkš Ïnj Ãsh¡»‹ ntW xU FL«g¤ÂèUªJ 

ÃçªJ j‰bghGJ fhz¥gL« òÂa FL«g¤ij AHLèš gÂÎ brŒjš 

83


tPl;L gl;bay; RUf;fj;ij nk«gL¤jš - Noy;-6 

AHL-ypy; fhzg;gLk; FLk;gkhdJ fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; / rg;-fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;iftpl;L 

ntspNa nrd;WtpLjy;: 

tçir 

v© 

• ,g;gbahd FLk;gq;fSf;F> fyk; -1 y; X FwpaplTk;. 

• ,t;tptuj;jpid Fwpg;Giu fyk; (10) y; Fwpg;gplTk;. 

• Nkw;fz;l FLk;gkhdJ gphpT-2 y; gjpag;gl;Ls;sjhf ,Ug;gpd;> if fzpdpapy; 

cs;sPL nra;ag;gl;Ls;s xt;nthU FLk;g cWg;gpdhpd; tptuj;jpy; fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;if tpl;L ntspNawpAs;s tptuk; gjpag;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

• Nkw;fz;l FLk;gkhdJ> gphpT-3 my;yJ gphpT-4 y; gjpag;gl;bUg;gpd; ifapUg;Gf; 

fUtpapy; mf;FLk;gj;jpd; thpir vz;izf; fz;lwpe;J fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;iftpl;L 

ntspNawpAs;s tptuk; gjpag;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

• cjhuzk; ,uz;L egh;fis nfhz;;l FLk;gk; fzf;nfLg;G gpshf; /rg;fzf;nfLg;G 

gpshf;if tpl;L ntspNawp cs;sij fPo;fz;lthW g+h;j;jp nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

ÃçÎ 2 - FL«g« f©bfL¥ò Ãsh¡/r¥Ãsh¡»èUªJ btëna¿a ãiy 

Å£L¥ 

g£oaš 

Ãsh¡ 

v© 

f£ 

ol 

v© 

br‹ 

r° 

Å£L 

v© 

br‹r° 

ÅL v›thW 

ga‹g 

L¤j¥ 

gL»wJ 

FL 

«g 

v© 

FL«g¤ 

jiy 

tç‹ 

bga® 

FL«g 

bjhl® 

v© 

gh®it 

æ£l/ 

Û©L« 

gh®itæ£l 

njÂ 

F¿¥òiu 

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 

15 7 32 32 FoæU¥ò 45 bršé 051 28.04.12 3 2 

F¿æL 

eg®fë‹ 

v©â¡if 

tPl;L gl;bay; RUf;fj;ij rhpghh;j;jy;;- #oy;-7 

kf;fs; njhif fzf;nfLg;Gf;F gpd;dh; ,e;j fzf;nfLg;G gpshf;fpy; Fbngah;e;j 

Gjpa tPlw;w FLk;gj;ij gphpT -4y; gjpT nra;jy; 

tçir 

v© 

Å£L¥ 

g£oaš 

Ãsh¡ 

v© 

f£ 

ol 

v© 

br‹ 

r° 

Å£L 

v© 

br‹r° 

ÅL v›thW 

ga‹g 

L¤j¥ 

gL»wJ 

FL 

«g 

v© 

FL«g¤ 

jiy 

tç‹ 

bga® 

FL«g 

bjhl® 

v© 

gh®it 

æ£l/ 

Û©L« 

gh®itæ£l 

njÂ 

F¿¥òiu 

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 

7 M« 85 1 1 

8 Ïšiy 86 3 2 


9 FoÚ® ÃufhZ 97 5 3 

V‰W« 

ãiya« 

mU»š 

Ål‰w FL«g¤ij fz¡bfL¡F« ehs‹W F¿¥òiu fy¤ij ó®¤Â brŒaÎ« 

F¿æL 

eg®fë‹ 

v©â¡if 

84


,izg;G – VII 

r%f nghUshjhu kw;Wk; rhjpf; fzf;nfLg;gpy; ghypd ghFghL 

(ngz;/Mz;) rk;ge;jkhd gpur;ridfs; 

,f;fzf;nfLg;ghdJ gjpyspg;gtuhy; njhptpf;fg;gLk; tptuq;fspd; mbg;gilapyhd 

khjphpia rhh;e;jjhFk;. fzf;nfLg;gsh;fSf;fhd ifNaL fPo; fz;lthW njhptpf;fpwJ> 

“xU xU FLk;gj;jpy; cs;s ngz; cWg;gpdh; vtNuDk; jd;id jdpf;FLk;gkhf 

fzf;nfLg;gpy; fUj Ntz;Lk; vd KbT nra;jhy; mtiu mt;thNw jdpf;FLk;gkhf 

vLj;Jf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.” (mj;jpahak;-3) Mz;fis Kd;dpUj;jp ,e;jpa r%f 

mikg;gppy; rhjhuzkhf xU ngz; jhd; trpf;Fk; FLk;gj;jpd; jiytuhf fUJtjw;F 

jFjpngw;wpUg;gpDk; mth; mt;thW njhpag;gLj;Jtjw;F jil Vw;gLk; vd;gjdhy; 

fzf;nfLg;ghsh;fs; Nkw;fz;l nghUs;gw;wp re;Njfj;jpw;F ,lk; ,y;yhj mstpy; 

(absolutely critical) njspT ngw;wpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. 

xU ngz; r%fj;jpy; tsh;f;fg;gl;l tpjj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; ve;j #oypYk; 

mth; MZf;F fl;Lg;gl;lth; vd;wthW fw;gpf;fg;gl;ljd; mbg;gilapy; mth; jd;id 

jhd; trpf;Fk; FLk;gj;jpd; jiyth; vd;W nrhy;ypf;nfhs;tjpy;iy. ,jw;FKd;dh; 

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ Mz; xUth; xU FLk;gj;jpd; FLk;gj;jiytuhf 

,Ue;J gpd;dh;> mth; ,we;Jtpl;ljhNyh> jpUkzcwT KwptpdhNyh my;yJ 

,lk;ngah;e;Jtpl;l fhuzj;jpdhNyh mth; ,y;yhj epiyapy;; mf;FLk;gj;jpd; jiytuhf 

fUjg;glNtz;ba ngz; jd;id tpLtpj;J tajilahj (minor) jdJ Mz; kfid 

FLk;gj; jiytuhf njhptpj;j epfo;Tfs; cs;sd. ,f;fzf;nfLg;gpd; Kd;khjphp 

epfo;tpYk; Nkw;fz;lthW njhptpf;fg;gl;lij $h;e;jha;T (observation team) mzpapdh; 

fz;Ls;sdh;. vdNt fzf;nfLg;gpd;nghOJ ve;nje;j FLk;gq;fs; ngz;iz jiyikahf 

nfhz;Ls;sJ vd;gij njspthf mwpe;J mjd; tptuj;jpid fzf;nfLg;gpw;nfd 

xJf;fg;gl;Ls;s Fwpg;gpy; njhptpf;f Ntz;baJ kpfTk; ,d;wpaikahjjhFk;. ,t;thwhd 

epfo;Tfspy; Nkw;ghh;itahsh; mt;tPLfSf;Fr; nrd;W mt;tptuj;jpid rhpghh;f;f Ntz;Lk;. 

ngz; FLk;g jiytuhff; nfhz;Ls;s FLk;gq;fs; vit? 

r%f nghUshjhu kw;Wk; rhjpf; fzf;nfLg;gpy; fPo;fz;litfs; mlq;Fk;. 

‣ tpjit> tpthfuj;J ngw;wth;> fztidtpl;L gphpe;jth;, fztuhy; iftplg;gl;lth;, 

,uz;lhk; kidtp> jpUkzk; Mfhj ngz; Kjypath;fis jiytuhf nfhz;l 

FLk;gq;fs; 

‣ xU FLk;gj;jpw;F Njitahd nghUshjhu %yjdq;fis ngz;iz jiyikahff; 

nfhz;l FLk;gkhf fUjg;gLk;. ,Ug;gpDk; Mz; cWg;gpdh; ,Ue;Jk; mth; 16 

Kjy; 59 tajpw;F cl;gl;ltuhf ,y;yhj epiyapYk; mf;FLk;gj;jpid 

ngz;jiyik nfhz;l FLk;gkhf vLj;Jf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 

‣ xU FLk;gj;jppy;; fztd; /FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fNshL R%fkhd cwT ,y;yhky; 

cs;s ngz;zhy; muR rYiffisg; ngwNth tWikapy; ,Ue;J tpLglNth 

tha;g;gpy;yhj epiyapy; mg;ngz; jd;id jdp FLk;gkhf gjpT nra;a tpUg;gk; 

njhptpj;jhy; fzf;nfLg;ghsh; mtiu jdpf;FLk;gkhf gjpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

85


ngz;fis jiyikahf nfhz;Ls;s FLk;gq;fis tpLglhky; fz;lwpe;J tsh;r;rpj; 

jpl;lq;fNshL mf;FLk;gq;fspd; njhlh;gpid mjpfg;gLj;Jtjd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; vd;d? 

‣ ,e;jpahtpd; Cufg; gFjpfspy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l gy;NtW Ma;Tfspy; ngz;fisj; 

jiyikahf; nfhz;l FLk;gq;fs; nghJthf Mz;fis jiyikahf nfhz;l 

FLk;gq;fistpl kpfTk; Vo;ik epiyapy; cs;sJ fz;lwpag;gl;Ls;sJ. 

‣ Nkw;fz;lgbahd FLk;gq;fspd; jiytuhf cs;s ngz;fs; nghJthf Mz;fistpl 

Fiwe;j fy;tpawpT cs;stuhf ,Ug;gjdhy; mth;fSf;fhd tUkhdk; Mz;fNshL xg;gpLifapy; FiwthfNt cs;sd. ngUk;ghyhd 

FLk;gq;fspy; ngz; fy;tpf;F Kf;fpaj;Jk; toq;fg;gLtjpy;iy. NkYk; ngz;fSf;F 

FbapUf;Fk; ,lj;ijtpl;L ntspapy; nry;Yk; tha;g;Gfs; Fiwthf cs;sjhYk; 

FLk;gj;jpd; md;whlg; gzpfis mth;fs; ftdpf;fNtz;bAs;sjhYk; mth;fSf;F 

tUkhdk; 

%yg; nghUl;fisg; ngwNth Kbahky; tWikapy; tho;fpd;wdh;. NkYk; 

Gjpjhf jpUkzkhd my;yJ Vw;fdNt jpUkzkhd FLk;gq;fis 

vLj;Jf;nfhz;lhYk; mf;FLk;gq;fspy; cs;s ngz;fSf;F epy nrhj;Jf;fs; 

(land holdings) Mz;fis xg;gpLifapy; Fiwthd mstpNyNa cs;sJ. 

‣ jpUkzkhd xU ngz;Zld; tpjit my;yJ tpthfuj;J ngw;w ngz;iz 

xg;gpLk;nghOJ ,ju epiyfspy; mth;fs; ,UtUk; xj;jpUe;jhYk; mtUf;F 

nghUs; murhy; toq;fg;gLk; cjtpfis ngWtjw;F 

Njitahd tptuq;fis> ngz; jhdhf Kd;te;J nrhy;y ,aytpy;iy vd;whYk; 

fzf;nfLg;ghsuhfpa ePq;fs; NkNy nrhy;yg;gl;l r%fj;jpd; vjhh;jq;fis kdj;py; 

nfhz;L fPo;fz;l tptuq;fis gjpT nra;Ak; cq;fsJ Fwpg;gpid jFe;jgb toq;f 

Ntz;Lk;. 

‣ FLk;gj;jiyth; jpUkz epiy> Nkw;nfhs;Sk; njhopy; gw;wpa tptuq;fs; 

fz;lwpjy:; cjhuzkhf tUkhdk;


,izg;G – VIII 

rhjp / goq;Fb ngah; gw;wpa Nfs;tpfs; rk;ge;jkhd tpsf;fq;fs; 

Nfs;tp:1 

gjpy;: 

gjpyspg;gth; jdJ rhjpapd; ngaiu njhpahjtuhf ,Ug;gpd; mjd; 

tptuj;jpid vt;thW gjpT nra;tJ? 

fzf;nfLg;gpd;NghJ gjpyspg;gtuhy; jq;fsJ rhjpapd; ngaiu nrhy;y 

njhpahj epiyapy;> mf;FLk;gj;jpd; tptuk; njhpe;j cWg;gpdh; my;yJ 

%j;j cWg;gpdhplk; Nfl;L gjpT nra;ayhk;. NkYk; mf;FLk;gj;jpdNuhL 

,uj;j rk;ge;j cwTKiw cs;sth;fs; mf;FLk;gj;jpdUf;F mUfhikapy; 

trpf;Fk;gl;rj;jpy; rhjp tptuj;jpid mwpe;J fzf;nfLg;ghsUf;F 

mt;tptuj;jpid njhptpf;fyhk;. 

Nfs;tp:2 

xU FLk;gj;jpy; cs;s cWg;gpdh; jdJ rhjpapd; ngah; njhpatpy;iy 

vd;W TW»wh® Mdhy; mtuhy; FLk;g ngahpid njhptpf;f KbAk; 

vd;W TW»wh® vt;thW gjpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;? 

gjpy;: 

xt;nthU FLk;gg;ngah; gl;;lg;ngaiuAk; mJ ve;j rhjpapypUe;J te;Js;sJ 

vd;gij rhpahf fzpj;jpl ,ayhJ> Vnddpy; xNu FLk;gg;ngah; 

gl;lg;ngah; ,ju gpw;gLj;jg;gl;l tFg;gpdh;> gpw;gl;l tFg;gpdh; kw;Wk; 

nghJ tFg;gpdUf;Fk; nghUe;j tha;g;Gs;sJ. cjhuzkhf: rpq;> th;kh> 

gpurhj; Nghd;w ngah;fis cilath;fs; ve;j tFg;gpdiuAk; rhh;e;jtuhf 

,Uf;fyhk;. fzf;nfLg;ghsh; gjpyspg;gtiu ,t;tptuk; mwpe;j FLk;g 

cWg;gpdhplkpUe;Njh my;yJ cwtpdh;fspkpUe;Njh mwpe;J njhptpf;f 

Nfl;Lf;nfhs;syhk;. Mdhy; gjpy; mspg;gtUf;F rhjpapd;; ngah; njhpahj 

epiyapYk; NtW vthplkpUe;Jk; mwpe;J nfhs;s ,ayhj epiyapYk; 

mth; jdJ FLk;gg;ngahpid gjpT nra;Jnfhs;s tpUk;gpdhy; mjd; 

tptuk; gjpT nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. mj;Jld; rhjp tptuk; rk;ge;jkhf 

gjpyspg;gtuhy; njhptpf;fg;gLk; tptuj;jpidAk; milg;Gf;Fwpf;Fs; 

gjpTnra;a Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzq;fs;: th;kh(fa];jh)> rh;kh (jr;RNtiy 

nra;gth;)> rpq; (Fh;kp)> rpq; (uh[Gj;jpuh;)> gpurhj; (ahjt;)> gpurhj; (Fk;fh;)> 

kQ;rp (rhe;js;)> kQ;rp (kr;Rtuh> kPdth;) Kjypad. 

Nfs;tp:3 

gjpy; mspg;gth; jkf;Nfh jdJ FLk;gj;jpy; cs;s vtUf;Fk; mth;fsJ 

rhjpapd; ngah; njhpatpy;iy vd njhptpf;Fk;gl;rj;jpy; mij vt;thW 

gjpT nra;tJ? 

gjpy;: Nkw;fz;l tpdhf;fSf;fhd gjpy;fspy; njhptpf;fg;gl;lthW rhjpapd; ngaiu 

mwpa KayNtz;Lk;. mt;thW midj;J topfspy; Kad;Wk; rhjpapd; 

ngah; mwpa ,aytpy;iy vdpy; rhjpapd; ngah; njhpatpy;iy (Caste 

not known) vd gjpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;. 

87


Nfs;tp:4 

gjpy;: 

Nfs;tp:5 

gjpy;: 

gjpy; mspg;gth; jd;Dila Nfhj;jpuk;/Fyk; 

Fyk;/th;zj;ij jdJ rhjpapd; 

ngauhf gjpT nra;a tpUg;gk; njhptpj;jhy; mjid vt;thW gjpT 

nra;a Ntz;Lk;? 

Nfhj;jpuk;/Fyk;/th;zk; vd;gJ rhjpia Fwpg;gJ ,y;iy vd;gij gjpy; 

mspg;gthplk; rpy cjhuzq;fs; nrhy;yp Ghpaitf;f Ntz;Lk;. cjhuzk;: 

rhe;jy; ,dj;ijr; Nrh;e;jtUf;F f];ag; vd;gJ Nfhj;jpuj;ij Fwpf;Fk;. 

kh;K vd;gJ mjd; Fyj;jpid Fwpg;gjhFk; my;yJ itrpah; vd;gJ 

ehd;F thzhrpukj;jpy; xd;iwf; Fwpg;gjhFk;. ahjt; ,dj;ijr; Nrhe;jth; 

jdJ ngaUf;Fg; gpd;dhy; jdJ rhjpapd; ngaiu Nrh;j;Jf;nfhs;thh;;;;;;;. 

vdNt rhjpf;Fg;gjpyhf Nfhj;jpuk; my;yJ th;zj;ij gjpT nra;tjhy; 

mf;FLk;gj;jpw;fhd gjpTfs; mth;fsJ rhjpapd; gbahd tifapy; 

tifg;gLj;jg;gl tha;g;gpy;iy vd;gjid gjpy; mspg;gth; czUk;gb 

nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;. 

rpyh; jq;fsJ rhjpapd; ngaUld; jq;fis OBC/MBC/BC vd gjpT 

nra;a tpUg;gk; njhptpg;gpd;> me;epfo;tpy; vd;d nra;a Ntz;Lk;.? 

vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf xUth; jdJ rhjpapd; ngah; Fk;fh; vd;Wk; mJ MBC 

vd;Wk; njhptpg;ghuhdhy; mjid Fk;fh;( MBC) vd mjhtJ MBC 

vd;gjid Nfs;tp ml;ltizapd; A gf;fj;jpw;fhd tpdh vz; 17-f;fhd 

gjpyhf rhjpapd; ngaUf;Fg; gpd;dhy; milg;Gf;Fwpf;Fs; nfhz;Ltu 

Ntz;Lk;. ,t;thW gjpT nra;ag;gLtjhy; tptuq;fis tifg;gLj;Jk; 

rkaj;jpy; cjtpahf ,Uf;Fk;. mjhtJ egh;fSf;fhd xNu ngauhdJ 

gy rhjpapid Nrh;e;jth;fSf;Fk; nghUe;Jtjhf ,Uf;fpd;w epiyapy;; 

tifg;gLj;Jtjpy; rpukk; Vw;glhJ. Nkw;fz;l tifapNyNa OBC, 

MBC kw;Wk; BC Nghd;w gphpTfspy; mlq;fp cs;sth;fs; jq;fsJ 

rhjpapd; ngaUld; mg;gphpTfis gjpT nra;a tpUg;gk; njhptpg;gpd; 

mt;thNw gjpTfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. 

Nfs;tp:6 

rhjp kw;Wk; kjj;jpd; tptuq;fs; nghJkf;fspd; ghh;itf;F itf;fg;gLkh? 

gjpy;: rhÂ k‰W« kj¤Â‹ étu§fŸ bghJk¡fë‹ gh®it¡F 

it¡f¥glkh£lhJ. ÏU¥ÃD« fz¡bfL¡f¥g£l eg® j‹id SC/ST 

v‹W nfŸé 16š gÂÎ brŒÂUªjhš mªegç‹ SC/ST ãiy k£Lnk 

gh®it¡F it¡f¥gL«. 

88


nfŸé m£ltiz 

ef®òu« 

89


r_f - bghUshjhu k‰W« rhÂ fz¡bfL¥ò -2011 

Ãsh¡ - A : mikél¤Âd¦ 

¦ étu§fŸ 

khãy« : F¿pL kht£l« : F¿pL 

efu« : F¿pL th®L v© : 

Ãsh¡ - B : NPR m£ltizæy¦ cs¦s étu§fs¦ cs¦ÇL bra¦a¥g£oU¡F« 

Å£L g£oay¦/ 

Ãsh¡ v© 

FL«g v© 

Ãsh¡ - D : jåeg® étu§fŸ 

tç 

ir 

v© 

egç‹¦ bga® 

(FL«g¤ 

jiytçläUªJ 

bjhl§fÎ«) 

FL«g¤ 

jiytU¡F 

cwÎKiw 

(cwÎ 

Kiwæid 

KGikahf 

gÂa 

nt©L«) 

ghèd« 

1. M© 

2. bg© 

3. Ïju® 

Ãwªj M©L 

(M§»y eh£ 

fh£oæ‹¦go) 

ÂUkz 

ãiy 

1.ÂUkz« 

Mfhjt® 

2. 

j‰bghGJ 

ÂUkzkhd 

ãiyæš 

ÏU¥gt® 

3. Jiz 

ÏHªjt® 

4.Ãçªjt® 

5.éthfu¤ 

jhdt® 

jªij 

bga® 

jhah® 

bga® 

bjhêš / 

elto¡if 

(éçthf 

gÂaÎ«) 

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

90


nfŸé m£ltiz - ef®òu« 

t£l«: 

F¿pL 

FL«g¤Âd¦ tif 

rhjhuz« ...... 1 

ãiya« ...... 2 

Ålw¦w ...... 3 

Ålw¦wt® våy¦ fh¥gf¤Ây¦ j§Fgtuh? 

(M« - 1 , Ïšiy – 2) 

Side - A 

Ãsh¡ - C : Å£L¥g£oaš RU¡f¤ÂèUªJ vL¤J gÂa¥gl nt©L« 

fz¡bfL¥ò 

Ãsh¡ v© / 

r¥-Ãsh¡ v© 

(ÃçÎ-1‹ 6-tJ Ïd«) 

mÂfg£r 

fšé 

ãiy 

1.vGj 

go¡f 

bjçahjt® 

2. vGj 

go¡f 

bjçªjt® 

Mdhš 

bjhl¡f 

fšé¡F 

ÑH¦ 

3. bjhl¡f 

fšé 

4. eLãiy 

fy¦é 

5. ca®ãiy 

fy¦é 

6.nkšãiy¡ 

fšé 

7.Ïs§fiy 

g£ljhç 

mšyJ 

mj‰F 

nkš 

8.k‰wt®fŸ 

(F¿¥ÃlÎ«) 

tUkhd¤Â‰fhd K¡»a Mjhu« / 

tUkhd«


r_f - bghUshjhu k‰W« rhÂ fz¡bfL¥ò - 2011 - nfŸé m£ltiz - ef®òu« 

Ãsh¡ - E : FL«g¤Â‰fhd étu§fŸ Side - B 

ÃçÎ-1 


ÃçÎ-2 

trÂfs¦ 

ÃçÎ-3 Ï¡FL«g¤Â‰F Ñœf©l 

brh¤J¡fŸ cŸsdth? 

(F¿pL bfhL¡fÎ«) 

tÁ¡F« miwæ‹ RtU¡F Ãujhdkhf gad¦gL¤j¥g£l 

f£Lkhd bghUs¦ (F¿pL v©) 

tÁ¡F« miwæ‹ Tiu¡F Ãujhdkhf gad¦gL¤j¥g£l f£Lkhd bghUs¦(F¿pL v©) 

Ïªj Å£o‹ cçik ãiy 

(1.brhªjkhd, 2. thlif, 3. g§¦F, 4.ntiy më¥gtUl‹ tÁ¥gt®, 5. ntiy 

më¥gt® bfhL¡F« Å£oy¦ tÁ¥gt® , 6. Ïju tif 

Ïªj Å£o‰F Ãu¤Ânafkhf cŸs thG« miwæ‹ v©â¡if 

(0,1,2,3 …….. vd gÂÎ brŒaÎ«) 

FoÚ® trÂ »il¡F« Ïl« 

1. Å£od¦ cs¦ns, 2.Å£od¦ mU»y¦, 3. bjhiyéy¦ 

és¡F xë¡fhd Ãujhd vçbghUŸ 

1.äd¦ Ïiz¥ò, 2.k©bz©bza¦, 3.Nça r¡Â, 4.Ïju 

v©bza¦ , 5.kw¦wit 6. és¡F trÂ Ïy¦iy 

FL«g« Ãu¤Ânafkhf Ú® fêtiw gad¦gL¤J»wjh (1.M«, 2.Ïy¦iy) 

fêÎÚ® btënaw Ïiz¥ò 

(1._oa tofhy¦, 2.Âwªj tofhy¦, 3.tofhy¦ Ïiz¥ò Ïy¦iy 

FL«g rikaY¡bf‹W jå miw ga‹gL»wjh? 

(1-M«, 2-Ïšiy) 

Fë®gjd bg£o (Refrigerator) cs¦sjh (1.M«, 2.Ïy¦iy) 

bjhiyngÁ / ifngÁ cs¦sjh(M« : bjhiyngÁ k£L« - 1, 

ifngÁ k£L«-2, Ïu©L«-3, vJÎ« Ïy¦iy-4 ) 

fâå / ko¡fâå cŸsjh? (M« : Ïiza trÂÍl‹-1¦, 

Ïiza trÂ Ïy¦yhkš-2¦, vJÎ« Ïy¦iy-3) 

ÏaªÂu thfd« cŸsjh? (1.ÏUr¡fu«, 2.Kd¦W r¡fu«, 

3.ehd¦F r¡fu«, 4. vJÎ« Ïy¦iy) 

Fë®rhjdbg£o (AC) cŸsjh? (1.M«, 2.Ïy¦iy) 

Jit¡F« ÏaªÂu« cŸsjh? (1.M«, 2.Ïy¦iy) 

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 

Ãsh¡ -E - ¡fhd F¿pL : 

fy« v© 1 : tÁ¡F« miwæ‹ ¦ RtU¡F Ãujhdkhf 

ga‹gL¤j¥g£l f£Lkhd¥ bghUŸ¦ 

1. Òòš¦/Xiy/_§»š ngh‹wit 


3. k©/Rlhj br§fš¦ 

4. ku« 

5. ór¥glhj fš¦ Rt® 

6. ór¥g£l fš Rt® 

7. í.I cnyhf« / M°bg°lh° jfLfŸ 

8. R£l br§¦fš¦ 

9. fh‹»ß£ 

0. Ïju tif 

fy« v© 2 : tÁ¡F« miwæ‹ Tiu¡F Ãujhdkhf 

ga‹gL¤j¥g£l bghUŸ¦ 

1. òš¦/Xiy/_§»š¦/ku«/k© ngh‹wit 


3. ifahš jahç¡f¥gL« XLfŸ 

4. ÏaªÂu c‰g¤Â XLfŸ 

5. R£l br§fš¦ 

6. fš 

7. f‰gyif 

8. í.I cnyhf«/ M°bg°lh° jfLfŸ 

9. fh‹»ß£ 

0. Ïju tif 

Ãsh¡ - F: f£lha cWÂbkhê 

fz¡bfL¥ò KoªjÎl‹¦ fz¡bfL¥ghs® ÑnH F¿¥Ãl¥g£LŸs nfŸéfis gÂyë¥gtçl« nf£f nt©L«. 

1. kj« k‰W« rhÂ / gH§Fo g‰¿a étu§fŸ jéu k‰w étu§fis bghJ btëpL brŒa 

Ï¡FL«g cW¥Ãd®fŸ x¥òjš më¤JŸsduh? ( M« -1 , Ïšiy -2) 

2. gÂyë¥gt® bfhL¤j jftšfis fz¡bfL¥ghs® x¤J¡ bfhŸ»whuh? (M« -1 , Ïšiy -2) 

3. Ãsh¡ F nfŸé¡F “Ïšiy” våš éçthd fhuz« bfhL¡fÎ« (100 vG¤J¡fS¡F äfhkš¦) 

92

Cøn¨¦ & IX 

LIST OF SCHEDULED CASTES, SCHEDULED TRIBES IN TAMILNADU 

uªÌ|õmiÀ EÒÍ öåm³Àk ÁS¨¤Úº, öåm³Àk £Ç[Si°Úº £mi¯À 

SI. 

No. 

Scheduled Castes (SC) 

1. Adi Andhra 1. Bv B¢vµõ 

2. Adi Dravida 2. Bv vµõÂhº 

3. Adi Karnataka 3. Bv Pº|õhPõ 

4. Ajila 4. Aâ»õ 

5. Arunthathiyar 5. A¸¢uv¯º 

6. Ayyanavar (in Kanyakumari District 6. A´¯ÚÁº (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® v¸ö|À÷Á¼ 

and Shenkottah Taluk of Tirunelveli District) 

7. Baira 7. ø£µõ 

8. Bakuda 8. £Thõ 

9. Bandi 9. £si 

10. Bellara 10. ö£À»õµõ 

i 

©õÁmhzvÀ ö\[÷Põmøh Ámh® ©mk®) 

11. Bharatar ( in Kanyakumari District and 11. £µuº (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® v¸ö|À÷Á¼ 

Shenkottah Taluk of Tirunelveli District) 


12. Chakkiliyan 12. \UQ¼¯ß 

13. Chalavadi 13. \õ»õÁõi 

14. Chamar, Muchi 14. \õ©õº, •a] 

15. Chandala 15. \shõÍõ 

16. Cheruman 16. ö\¸©õß 

17. Devendrakulathan 17. ÷u÷Á¢vµS»zuõß 

18. Dom, Dombara, Paidi, Pano 18. ÷hõ®, öuõ®£µõ, ø£v, £õ÷Ú 

19. Domban 19. ÷uõ®£ß 

20. Godagali 20. öPõhP¼ 

21. Godda 21. öPõmhõ 

22. Gosangi 22. ÷Põ\õ[Q 

23. Holeya 23. ÷íõ¼¯õ 

24. Jaggali 24. áUP¼ 

25. Jambuvulu 25. á®¦Ä¾ 

26. Kadaiyan 26. Pøh¯ß 

27. Kakkalan (in Kanyakumari District and 27. PUPõÍß (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® v¸ö|À÷Á¼ 


28. Kalladi 28. PÀ»õi 


29. Kanakkan, Padanna ( in the Nilgirls District) 29. PnUPß, £õhsnõ (}»Q› ©õÁmhzvÀ ©mk®) 

30. Karimpalan 30. P›®£õ»ß 

öåm³Àk ÁS¨¤Úº (SC)

SI. 

No. 


öåm³Àk ÁS¨¤Úº (SC) 

31. Kavara ( in Kanyakumari District and 31. PÁµõ (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® v¸ö|À÷Á¼ 

Shenkottah Taluk of Tirunelveli District) ö\[÷Põmøh Ámh® ©mk®) ©õÁmhzvÀ 

32. Koliyan 32. ÷Põ¼¯ß 

33. Koosa 33. T\õ 

34. Kootan, Koodan ( in Kanyakumari District and 34. Tzuß, Thß (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® 

Shenkottah Taluk of Tirunelveli District) v¸ö|À÷Á¼ ©õÁmhzvÀ ö\[÷Põmøh Ámh® ©mk®) 

35. Kudumban 35. Sk®£ß 

36. Kuravan, Sidhanar 36. SÓÁß, ]zuÚõº 

37. Madari 37. ©õuõ› 

38. Madiga 38. ©õvPõ 

39. Maila 39. ø©»õ 

40. Mala 40. ©õ»õ 

41. Mannan ( in Kanyakumari District and 41. ©ßÚß (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® v¸ö|À÷Á¼ 

Shenkottah Taluk of Tirunelveli District) ©õÁmhzvÀ ö\[÷Põmøh Ámh® ©mk®) 

42. Mavilan 42. ©õÂ»õß 

43. Moger 43. ÷©õPº 

44. Mundala 44. •sh»õ 

45. Nalakeyava 45. |»÷P¯Áõ 

46. Nayadi 46. |õ¯õv 

47. Padannan ( in Kanyakumari District and 47 £õusnß (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® 

Shenkottah Taluk of Tirunelveli District) v¸ö|À÷Á¼ ©õÁmhzvÀ ö\[÷Põmøh Ámh® ©mk®) 

48. Pagadai 48. £Pøh 

49. Pallan 49. £ÒÍß 

50. Palluvan 50. £ÒÐÁß 

51. Pambada 51. £®£õhõ 

52. Panan (in Kanyakumari District and 52. £õnß (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® v¸ö|À÷Á¼ 


53. Panchama 53. £g\©õ 

54. Pannadi 54. £ßÚõi 

55. Panniandi 55. £ßÛ¯õsi 

56. Paraiyan, Parayan, Sambavar 56. £øÓ¯ß, £Ó¯ß, \õ®£Áõº 

57. Paravan (in Kanyakumari District and 57. £ÓÁß (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® v¸ö|À÷Á¼ 


58. Pathiyan (in Kanyakumari District and 58. £v¯ß (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® v¸ö|À÷Á¼ 



59. Pulayan, Cheramar 59. ¦ø»¯ß, ÷\µ©õº 

60. Puthirai Vannan 60. ¦vøµ Ásnõß 

ii

SI. 

No. 


öåm³Àk ÁS¨¤Úº (SC) 

61. Raneyar 61. µõ÷n¯º 

62. Samagara 62. \õ©õPõµõ 

63. Samban 63. \õ®£õß 

64. Sapari 64. \£› 

65. Semman 65. ö\®©õß 

66. Thandan (in Kanyakumari District and 66. uõshß (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® v¸ö|À÷Á¼ 


67. Thoti 67. ÷uõmi 

68. Tiruvalluvar 68. v¸ÁÒÐÁº 

69. Vallon 69. ÁÀ÷»õß 

70. Valluvan 70. ÁÒÐÁß 

71. Vannan (in Kanyakumari District and 71. Ásnõß (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® 


72. Vathiriyan 72. Áõzv›¯ß 

73. Velan 73. ÷Á»ß 

v¸ö|À÷Á¼ ©õÁmhzvÀ ö\[÷Põmøh Ámh® ©mk®) 

74. Vetan (in Kanyakumari District and 74. ÷Áhß (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® v¸ö|À÷Á¼ 


75. Vettiyan 75. öÁmi¯õß 


76. Vettuvan (in Kanyakumari District and 76. ÷ÁmkÁß (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® 

SI. 

No. 


Scheduled Tribes (ST) 

1. Adiyan 1. Bv¯ß 

2. Aranadan 2. Aµ|õhõß 

3. Eravallan 3. GµÁÒÍß 

4. Irular 4. C¸Íº 

5. Kadar 5. Põhº 

v¸ö|À÷Á¼ ©õÁmhzvÀ ö\[÷Põmøh Ámh® ©mk®) 

öåm³Àk £Ç[Si°Úº (ST) 

6. Kammara (Excluding Kanyakumari District and 6. P®©õµõ (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® v¸ö|À÷Á¼ 


©õÁmhzvÀ ö\[÷Põmøh Ámh® ©mk® Ú§fyhf) 

7. Kanikaran, Kanikkar (in Kanyakumari District 7. PõoUPõµß, PõoUPº (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® 

and Shenkottah and Ambasamudram 

Taluk of Tirunelveli District) 

iii 

©ØÖ® v¸ö|À÷Á¼ ©õÁmhzvÀ ö\[÷Põmøh Ámh® 

©ØÖ® A®£õ\•zvµ® Ámh[PÒ ©mk®) 

8. Kaniyan, Kanyan 8. PõÛ¯õß, PÛ¯ß 

9. Kattunayakan 9. Põmk|õ¯UPß 

10. Kochu Velan 10. öPõa_÷Á»ß 

11. Konda Kapus 11. öPõshPõ¨¦PÒ 

12. Kondareddis 12. öPõshõöµmiPÒ 

13. Koraga 13. öPõµõPõ

SI. 

No. 

Scheduled Tribes (ST) 

öåm³Àk £Ç[Si°Úº (ST) 

14. Kota (Excluding Kanyakumari District and 14. ÷Põhõ (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® v¸ö|À÷Á¼ 


©õÁmhzvÀ ö\[÷Põmøh Ámh® Ú§fyhf) 

15. Kudiya, Melakudi 15. Si¯õ, ÷©»USi 

16. Kurichchan 16. SÔa\ß 

17. Kurumbas (in the Nilgiris District) 17. SÖ®£ºPÒ (}»Q› ©õÁmhzvÀ ©mk®) 

18. Kurumans 18. SÖ©ßPÒ 

19. Maha Malasar 19. ©íõ©»\õº 

20. Malai Arayan 20. ©ø» Aøµ¯ß 

21. Malai Pandaram 21. ©ø»¨£shõµ® 

22. Malai Vedan 22. ©ø»÷Áhß 

23. Malakkuravan 23. ©ø»USÓÁß 

24. Malasar 24. ©»\õº 

25. Malayali (in Dharmapuri, North Arcot 25. ©»¯õÎ (uº©¦›, Áh BØPõk, ¦xU÷Põmøh, ÷\»®, 

Pudukottai, Salem, South Arcot and Tiruchirapalli 

District)* 

26. Malayakandi 26. ©»¯UPsi 

27. Mannan 27. ©ßÚß 

28. Mudugar, Muduvan 28. ‰kPº, ‰kÁß 

29. Muthuvan 29. ‰zxÁß 

30. Pallayan 30. £Ò÷Í¯ß 

31. Palliyan 31. £ÒÎ¯ß 

32. Palliyar 32. £ÒÎ¯º 

33. Paniyan 33. £õo¯ß 

34. Sholaga 34. ÷\õ»Põ 

öuß BØPõk ©ØÖ® v¸a]µõ¨£ÒÎ ©õÁmh[PÎÀ ©mk®)* 

35. Toda (Excluding Kanyakumari District and 35. ÷uõhõ (PßÛ¯õS©› ©õÁmh® ©ØÖ® v¸ö|À÷Á¼ 


36. Uraly 36. EµÎ 

©õÁmhzvÀ ö\[÷Põmøh Ámh® Ú§fyhf) 

* The entry is to be read as In 

“Dharmapuri, Krishnagiri, Vellore, 

Tiruvannamalai, Pudukottai, Salem, 

Namakkal, Vilupuram, Cuddalore, 

Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur And 

Ariyalur Districts. 

* C¨£vøÁ “uº©¦›, Q¸ènQ›, ÷Á¿º, 

v¸Ásnõ©ø», ¦xU÷Põmøh, ÷\»®, 

|õ©UPÀ, ÂÊ¨¦µ®, Ph¿º, 

v¸a]µõ¨£ÒÎ, P¹º, ö£µ®£¿º ©ØÖ® 

A›¯¿º ©õÁmh[PÒ” GÚ¨£iUPÄ®. 

iv

LIST OF BACKWARD CLASSES, BACKWARD CLASS MUSLIMS, MOST 

BACKWARD CLASSES AND DENOTIFIED COMMUNITIES 

Ã‰gL¤j¥g£l tF¥Ãd®, äfÎ« Ã‰gL¤j¥g£l tF¥Ãd® k‰W« Ó® kuÃd® g£oaš 

1. G.O.Ms.No.85 BC, MBC & MW Department Dated 29.07.2008 

2. G.O.Ms.No.96 BC, MBC & MW Department (BCC) Dated 08.09.2008 




I. List of Backward Classes 

SI.No. 

Backward Classes (BC) 

Ã‰gL¤j¥g£l tF¥Ãd® (BC) 

1. Agamudayar including Thozhu or 

Thuluva Vellala 

2 Agaram Vellan Chettiar 

3 Alwar, Azhavar and Alavar (in 

Kanniyakumari District and 

Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli 

District.) 

4 Servai(except Tiruchirapalli, Karur, 

Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts.) 

5 Nulayar (in Kanniyakumari District and 


District) 

6 Archakarai Vellala 

7. Aryavathi(in Kanniyakumari District 

and Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli 

District) 

8. Ayira Vaisyar 

9 Badagar 

10 Billava 

11 Bondil 

12 Boyas (except Tiruchirapalli, Karur, 

Perambalur, Pudukottai, The Nilgiris, 

Salem , Namakkal, Dharmapuri and 

Krishnagiri Districts). Pedda Boyar 

1. mfKilah®, bjhG mšyJ JSt 

btŸshs® c£gl 

2. mfu« btŸshŠbr£oah® 

3. Mœth®, mHt® k‰W« mst® (f‹åahFkç 

kht£l¤ÂY«, ÂUbešntè kht£l¤Â‹ 

br§nfh£il t£l¤ÂY«) 

4. nr®it, (ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, f%®, bgu«gYh® 

k‰W« òJ¡nfh£il kht£l« Ú§fyhf) 

5. Eya® (f‹åahFkç kht£l¤ÂY«, 

ÂUbešntè kht£l¤Â‹ br§nfh£il 

t£l¤ÂY«) 

6. m®¢rfiu ntshs® 

7. M®atÂ (f‹åahFkç kht£l¤ÂY«, 


t£l¤ÂY«) 

8. Mæu itÁa® 

9. glf® 

10. Ãšyth 

11. bgh©oš 

12. ngha®fŸ, (ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, f%®, bgu«gYh®, 

òJ¡nfh£il, Úy»ç, nry«, ehk¡fš. jUkòç, 

k‰W« »UZz»ç kht£l§fŸ Ú§fyhf) 

bg¤jngha®, (ÂU¢Áuhh¥gŸë, f%®, 

v

SI.No. 


(except Tiruchirapalli, Karur , 

Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts) 

Oddars (except Thanjavur, 

Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur, Tiruchirapalli, 

Karur, Perambalur, Pudukottai, 

Madurai,Theni and Dindigul Districts) 

Kaloddars (except Kancheepuram, 

Tiruvallur, Ramanathapuram, 

Sivaganga, Virudhunagar, Madurai, 

Theni, Dindigul, Pudukottai, 

Tiruchirapalli, Karur Perambalur, 

Tirunelveli, Thoothukudi, Salem and 

Namakkal Districts) Nellorepet 

oddars (except Vellore and 

Tiruvannamalai Districts) Sooramari 

oddars ( except Salem and 

Namakkal Districts) 

13. Chakkala (except Sivaganga, 

V i r u d h u n a g a r , 

Ramanathapuram,Thanjavur 

Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur, Pudukottai, 

Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur, 

Madurai, Theni, Dindigul and the 

Nilgiris Districts) 

14 Chavalakarar (in Kanniyakumari 

District and Shencottah Taluk of 

Tirunelveli District 

15 Chettu or Chetty (including Kottar 

Chetty, Elur Chetty, Pathira 

Chetty,Valayal Chetty,Pudukadai 

Chetty ) (in Kanniyakumari District 


District) 

16 Chowdry 

16 (A) Converts to Christianity from 

Scheduled Castes irrespective of the 

generation of conversion (except the 

Paravar converts to Christianity of 


bgu«gYh® k‰W« òJ¡nfh£il kht£l§fŸ 

Ú§fyhf) X£l®fŸ(jŠrhñ®, 

ehf¥g£od«, ÂUth%®, ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, 

f%®, bgu«gYh®, òJ¡nfh£il, kJiu, 

njå k‰W« Â©L¡fš kht£l§fŸ 

Ú§fyhf) fš x£l®fŸ, (fhŠÓòu«, 

ÂUtŸq®, Ïuhkehjòu«, Átf§if, 

éUJef®, kJiu, njå, Â©L¡fš, 

òJ¡nfh£il, ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, f%®, 

bgu«gYh®, ÂUbešntè, Jh¤J¡Fo 

ehk¡fš k‰W« nry« kht£l§fŸ Ú§fyhf) 

bešYh®ng£il X£l®fŸ (ntYh®, 

ÂUt©zhkiy kht£l§fŸ Ú§fyhf) 

Nukhç x£l®fŸ (nry« k‰W« ehk¡fš 

kht£l« Ú§fyhf) 

13. r¡fhyh (Átf§if, éUJef®, 

Ïuhkehjòu«, jŠrhñ®, ehf¥g£od«, 

ÂUth%®, òJ¡nfh£il, ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, 

f%® bgu«gYh®, kJiu, njå, Â©L¡fš 

k‰W« Úy»ç kht£l§fŸ Ú§fyhf). 

14 rty¡fhu®(f‹åahFkç kht£l¤ÂY«, 


t£l¤ÂY«) 

15 br£L mšyJ br£o (nfh£lh® br£o, VYh® 

br£o, gh¤Âu¢br£o, tisaš br£o, 

òJ¡fil br£o, c£gl) f‹åahFkç 

kht£lÂY«, ÂUbešntè kht£l¤Â‹ 

br§nfh£il t£l¤ÂY«. 

16 brs¤Âç 

16-A fšé ãiya§fëš ÏU¡iffŸ 

k‰W« muR¥ gâfë‹ ÏU¡iffS¡F« 

Ïl xJ¡ÑL bgW« neh¡f¤Â‰fhf 

jiyKiwia¥ bghU£gL¤jhkš, 

vi

SI.No. 


Kanniyakuari District and Shencottah 

Taluk of Tirunelveli District) 


MÂÂuhél® tF¥Ãd®fëèUªJ 

»U¤Jtuhf kj« kh¿at®fŸ. 

(f‹åahFkç kht£l¤ÂY«, ÂUbešntè 

kht£l¤Â‹ br§nfh£il t£l¤ÂY«) 

16 (B) C.S.I formerly S.I.U.C (in 



District) 

18 Devangar, Sedar 

19 Dombs (except Pudukottai, 

Tiruchirapalli ,Karur and Perambalur 

Districts) Dommars (except 

Thanjavur, Nagapattinam,Tiruvarur, 

Pudukottai, Vellore and 

Thiruvannamalai Districts) 

20 Enadi 

21 Ezhavathy (in Kanniyakumari District 


District) 

22 Ezhuthachar (in Kanniyakumari 


Tirunelveli District) 

23 Ezhuva (in Kanniyakumari District and 


District) 

24 Gangavar 

25 Gavara, Gavarai and Vadugar 

(Vaduvar) (Other than Kamma, Kapu, 

Balija and Reddi) 

26 Gounder 

27 Gowda (including Gammala, Kalali 

and Anuppa Gounder) 

28 Hegde 

29 Idiga 

30 IllathuPillaimar, Illuvar, Ezhuvar and 

Illathar 

16-B bj‹åªÂa ÂU¢rig K‹dhŸ 

bj.Ï.».x) (f‹åahFkç kht£l¤ÂY«, 


t£l¤ÂY«) 

18 njth§f®, nrl® 

19 bjh«kh®fŸ(òJ¡nfh£il, ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, 

f%® k‰W« bgu«gYh® kht£l§fŸ Ú§fyhf) 

njhk®fŸ, (jŠrhñ®,ehf¥g£od«, 

ÂUth%®, òJ¡nfh£il, ntYh® k‰W« 

ÂUt©zhkiy kht£l§fŸ Ú§fyhf) 

20 VdhÂ 

21 vHtÂ(f‹åahFkç kht£l¤ÂY«, 


t£l¤ÂY«) 

22 vG¤j¢r® (f‹åahFkç kht£l¤ÂY«, 


t£l¤ÂY«) 

23 vGth (f‹åahFkç kht£l¤ÂY«, 


t£l¤ÂY«) 

24 f§fth® 

25 ftuh, ftiu k‰W« tLf® (tLt®) (f«kh, 

fh¥ò gè#h k‰W« bu£o Ïšyhj Ãw) 

26 bfs©l® 

27 bfslh (f«khs®, fyhè k‰W« mD¥g 

fÎ©l® nr®¤J) 

28 bA¡nl 

29 Ïofh 

30 Ïšy¤J¥ÃŸiskh®, ÏšYt®, vGt® k‰W« 

Ïšy¤jh® 

vii

SI.No. 


31 Jhetty 

32 Jogis (Except Kancheepuram, 

Tiruvallur, Madurai, Theni, Dindigul 

Cuddalore, Villupuram, Vellore and 

Tiruvannamalai Districts) 

33 Kabbera 

34 Kaikolar, Sengunthar 

35 Kaladi (except Sivaganga, 

Virudhunagar, Ramanatha puram, 

Madurai,Theni,Dindigul,Thanjavur, 

Nagapattinam,Tiruvarur, Pudukottai, 

Tiruchirapalli, Karur and Perambalur 

Districts) 

36 Kalari Kurup including Kalari Panicker 

(in Kanniyakumari District and 

Shenkottah Taluk of Tirunelveli 

District) 

37 Kalingi 

38 Kallar, Easanattu kallar, Gandharva 

Kottai Kallars(except Thanjavur, 

Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur and 

pudukottai Districts) Kootappal 

Kallars-(except Pudukottai, 

Tiruchirapalli, Karur and Perambalur 

Districts) Piramalai Kallars- (except 

Sivaganga,Virudhunagar, 

Ramanathapuram. Madurai. Theni, 

Dindigul, Pudukottai, Thanjavur, 

Nagapattinam and Tiruvarur 

Districts)Periyasooriyur Kallars- 

(except Tiruchirapalli, Karur, 


39 Kallar Kula Thondaman 

40 Kalveli Gounder 

41 Kambar 

42 Kammalar or Viswakarma , 


31 b#£o 

32 n#h»fŸ, (fhŠÓòu«, ÂUtŸq®, kJiu, 

njå, Â©L¡fš, flYh®, éG¥òu«, ntYh® 

k‰W« ÂUt©zhkiy kht£l§fŸ 

Ú§fyhf) 

33 f¥nghuh 

34 if¡nfhs®, br§Fªj® 

35 fhyho, (Átf§if, éUJef®, Ïuhkehjòu«, 

kJiu, njå, Â©L¡fš, jŠrhñ®, 

ehf¥g£od«, ÂUth%®, òJ¡nfh£il, 

ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, f%® k‰W« bgu«gYh® 

kht£l§fŸ Ú§fyhf) 

36 fsç F%¥, fsç gâ¡f® c£gl 

(f‹åahFkç kht£l¤ÂY«, ÂUbešntè 

kht£l¤Â‹ br§nfh£il t£l¤ÂY«) 

37 fè§» 

38 fŸs®,

SI.No. 


Viswakarmala (including Thattar, 

Porkollar, Kannar, Karumar, Kollar, 

Thacher, Kal Thacher, Kamsala and 

Viswa brahmin. 


bfhšy®, j¢r®,fšj¢r®, f«rhyh k‰W« 

é°tÃukhz® c£gl) 

43 Kani, Kanisu, Kaniyar Pannikar 

44 Kaniyala Vellalar 

45 Kannada Saineegar ,Kannadiyar 

(Throughout the State) and 

Dasapalanjika (Coimbatore, Erode 

and the Nilgiris Districts) 

46 Kannadiya Naidu 

47 Karpoora Chettiar 

48 Karuneegar (Seer Karuneegar, Sri 

Karuneegar, Sarattu Karuneegar, 

Kaikatti Karuneegar, Mathuvazhi 

Kanakkar, Sozhi Kanakkar, and 

Sunnambu Karuneegar) 

49 Kasukkara Chettiar 

50 Katesar, Pattamkatti 

51 Kavuthiyar 

52 Kerala Mudali 

53 Kharvi 

54 Khatri 

55 Kongu Vaishnava 

56 Kongu Vellalars( including Vellala 

Gounder, Nattu Gounder, 

Narambukkatti Gounder, Tirumudi 

Vellalar, Thondu Vellalar, Pala 

Gounder, Poosari Gounder, Anuppa 

Vellala Gounder, Kurumba Gounder, 

Padaithalai Gounder, Chendalai 

Gounder, Pavalankatti Vellala 

Gounder, Pallavellala Gounder Sanku 

Vellala Gounder,and Rathinagiri 

Gounder). 

43 fâ, fâR, fåa®, gâ¡f® 

44 fåahy ntshs® 

45 f‹dl irÜf®, f‹doah®, (khãy« 

KGtÂY«) k‰W« jrgyh‹ífh 

(nfha«ò¤Jh®,

SI.No. 



57 KoppalaVelama 

58 Koteyar 

59 Krishnanvaka (in Kanniyakumari 

District and Shenkottah Taluk of 


60 Kudikara Vellalar 

61 Kudumbi ( in Kanniyakumari District 

and Shenkottah Taluk of Tirunelveli 

District) 

62 Kuga Vellalar 

63 Kunchidigar 

63 (A) Latin Catholics except Latin Catholic 

Vannar in Kanniyakumari District. 

63 (B) Lathin Catholics in Shencottah Taluk 

of Tirunelveli District. 

64 Lambadi 

65 Lingayat (Jangama) 

66 Mahratta (Non-Brahmin) (including 

Namdev Mahratta) 

67 Malayar 

68 Male 

69 Maniagar 

70 Maravars (except Thanjavur, 

Nagapattinum , Tiruvarur, Pudukottai, 

Ramanathapuram, Sivaganga, 

Virudhunagar, Tirunelveli and 

Toothukudi Districts) Karumaravars 

Appanad Kondayam kottai 

Maravars –(except Sivaganga, 

Virudhunagar, Ramanathapuram, 

Madurai, Theni and Dindigul Districts.) 

Sambanad Maravars- (except 

Sivaganga, Virudhunagar, and 

Ramanathapuram Districts) 

57 nfh¥gy ntykh 

58 nfh£nla® 

59 »Uõ‹thfh (f‹åahFkç, kht£l¤ÂY«, 


t£l¤ÂY«. 

60 Fofhu ntshs® 

61 FL«Ã (f‹åahFkç kht£l¤ÂY«, 


t£l¤ÂY«.) 

62 Ff ntshs® 

63 FŠÁof® 

63A Ïy¤Ô‹ f¤njhè¡f®fŸ (f‹åahFkç 

kht£l¤ÂYŸs Ïy¤Ô‹ f¤njhè¡f 

t©zhiu¤ jéu) 

63B Ïy¤Ô‹ f¤njhè¡f®fŸ ÂUbešntè 

kht£l¤Â‹ br§nfh£il t£l¤ÂY«. 

64 y«gho 

65 è§fha¤ (#§fkh) 

66 kuh£oa (Ãuhkzušyhnjh®) (eh«nj› 

kuh£oa® c£gl) 

67 kya® 

68 khè 

69 khåafh® 

70 kwt®fŸ(jŠrhñ®, ehf¥g£od«, ÂUth%®, 

òJ¡nfh£il, Ïuhkehjòu«, Átf§if, 

éUJef®, ÂUbešntè k‰W« Jh¤J¡Fo 

kht£l§fŸ Ú§fyhf) fUkwt®fŸ, 

m¥gdhL bfh©ila« nfh£il 

kwt® (Átf§if, éUJef®, Ïuhkehjòu«, 

kJiu, njå k‰W« Â©L¡fš kht£l§fŸ 

Ú§fyhf) k‰W« br«gdhL kwt®fŸ 

(Átf§if, éUJef® k‰W« Ïuhkehjòu« 

kht£l§fŸ Ú§fyhf) 

x

SI.No. 



71 Moondrumandai Enbathunalu (84) Ur. 

Sozhia Vellalar 

72 Mooppan 

73 Muthuraja, Muthuracha, Muthiriyar, 

Mutharaiyar 

74 Nadar, Shanar and Gramani ( 

including Christian Nadar, Christian 

Nadar, Christian Shanar and Christian 

Gramani ) 

75 Nagaram 

76 Naikkar (in Kanniyakumari District and 


District) 

77 Nangudi Vellalar 

78 Nanjil Mudali ( in Kanniyakumari 



79 Odar (in Kanniyakumari District and 

Shencottah Taluk of Tirunelveli District 

80 Odiya 

81 Oottruvalanattu Vellalar 

82 O.P.S. Vellalar 

83 Ovachar 

84 Paiyur Kotta Vellalar 

85 Pamulu 

86 Panar (except in Kanniyakumari 


Tirunelveli District where the 

community is a Scheduled Caste) 

86 (A) Pandiya Vellaiar 

87 - Omitted - 

88 Kathikarar in Kanniyakumari District 

89 Pannirandam Chettiar or Uthama 

Chettiar 

71 _‹W k©il v©g¤JehY (84) C® nrhêa 

ntshs® 

72 _¥g‹ 

73 K¤Juhrh, K¤Juh¢rh, K¤Âça®, 

K¤jiua® 

74 ehlh®, rhzh® k‰W« »uhkâ (»U¤Jt 

ehlh®, »U¤Jt rhdh® k‰W« »U¤Jt 

»uhkâ c£gl) 

75 efu« 

76 eha¡f® (f‹åahFkç kht£l¤ÂY«, 


t£l¤ÂY«.) 

77 eh‹Fo ntshs® 

78 ehŠÁš Kjè (f‹åahFkç kht£l¤ÂY«, 


t£l¤ÂY«) 

79 Xl® (f‹åahFkç kht£l¤ÂY«, 


t£l¤ÂY«) 

80 XÂah 

81 C‰W tseh£L ntshs® 

82 X.Ã.v°.ntshs® 

83 ct¢r® 

84 gŒô® nfh£l ntshs® 

85 ghKY 

86 ghz® (Ïªj Ïd« MÂ Âuhél® 

tF¥Ãduhf ÏU¡F« f‹åahFkç 

kht£l¤ÂY« ÂUbešntè kht£l¤Â‹ 

br§nfh£il t£l« Ú§fyhf) 

86A gh©oa btŸshs® 

87 Ú¡f¥g£lJ 

88 fÂfhu® (f‹åahFkç kht£l¤Âš) 

89 g‹åu©lh« br£oah® mšyJ c¤jk¢ 

br£oah® 

xi

SI.No. 



90 Parkavakulam (including Surithimar, 

Nathamar, Malayamar, Moopanar and Nainar) 

91 Perike (including Perike Balija) 

92 Perumkollar ( in Kanniyakumari 



93 Podikara Vellalar 

94 Pooluva Gounder 

95 Poraya 

96 Pulavar (in Coimbatore and Erode 

Districts) 

97 Pulluvar or Pooluvar 

98 Pusala 

99 Reddy (Ganjam) 

100 Sadhu Chetty (including Telugu 

Chetty, Twenty four Manai Telugu 

Chetty) 

101 Sakkaravar or Kavathi (in 



District) 

102 Salivagana 

103 Saliyar, Padmasaliyar, Pattusaliyar, 

Pattariyar, and Adhaviyar 

104 Savalakkarar 

105 Senaithalaivar, Senaikudiyar and 

Illaivaniar 

105 A Serakula Vellalar 

106 Sourashtra (Patnulkarar) 

107 Sozhiavellalar (including Sozha 

Vellalar, Vetrilaikarar, Kodikalkarar and 

Keeraikarar) 

108 Srisayar 

109 Sundaram Chetty 

90 gh®¡ftFy« (RUÂkh®, e¤jkh®, kaykh®, 

_¥gdh® k‰W« iedh® c£gl) 

91 bgU¡» (bgç»gè#h c£gl) 

92 bgU«bfhŸs®, (f‹åahFkç 


br§nfh£il t£l¤ÂY«) 

93 bghofhu ntshs® 

94 óYt fÎ©l® 

95 bghuhah 

96 òyt® (nfha«ò¤Jh®,

SI.No. 



110 Thogatta Veerakshatriya 

111 Tholkollar (in Kanniyakumari District 


District) 

112 Tholuva Naicker and Vetalakara 

Naicker 

113 Omitted 

114 Thoraiyar 

115 Ukkirakula Kshatriya Naicker 

116 Uppara, Uppillia and Sagara 

117 Urali Gounder (except Tiruchirapalli, 

Karur , Perambalur and Pudukottai 

District) and Orudaya Gounder or 

Oorudaya Gounder ( in Madurai 

,Theni, Dindigul, Coimbatore, Erode, 

Tiruchirapalli, Karur , Perambalur, 

Pudukottai, Salem and Namakkal 

Districts) 

118 Urikkara Nayakkar 

118 (A) Virakodi Vellala 

119 Vallambar 

110 bjhf£lh Åur¤Âça® 

111 njhš bfhšy®, (f‹åahFkç kht£l¤ÂY«, 


t£l¤ÂY«) 

112 bjhSt eha¡f® k‰W« bt¤jy¡fhu 

eha¡f® 

113 Ú¡f¥g£lJ 

114 njhça® 

115 c¡»uFy r¤Âça eha¡f® 

116 c¥ghuh, c¥Ãšèah k‰W« rfhuh 

117 Cuhë¡ fÎ©l®, (ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, f%®,, 

bgu«gYh® k‰W« òJ¡nfh£il, kht£l§fŸ 

Ú§fyhf) k‰W« xUila fÎ©l® 

mšyJ CUila fÎ©l® (kJiu, 

njå, Â©L¡fš, nfha«ò¤Jh®,

SI.No. 



124 Velar 

125 Vellan Chettiar 

126 Veluthodathu Nair (in Kanniyakumari 



127 Vokkaligar (including Vakkaligar, 

Okkaligar, Kappiliyar, Kappailiya, 

Okkiliga Gowda, Okkaliya - Gowda, 

Okkaliya - Gowder, Okkaliya Gowda) 

128 Wynad Chetty (The Nilgiris District) 

129 Yadhava (including Idaiyar, Telugu 

Speaking Idaiyar known as Vaduga 

Ayar or Vaduga Idaiyar or Golla and 

Asthanthra Golla) 

130 Yavana 

131 Yerukula 

131 (A) Converts to Chritianity from any Hindu 

backward Classes Community or 

most Backward Classes Community 

(except the Converts to Christianity 

from Meenavar, Parvatharajakulam, 

Pattanavar, Sembadavar, Mukkuvar or 

Mukayar and Paravar) or Denotified 

Communities. 

132 Orphans and destitute children who 

have lost their parents before reaching 

the age of ten and are destitutes; and 

who have nobody else to take care of 

them either by law or custom; and also 

who are admitted into any of the 

schools or orphanages run by the 

Government or recognized by the 

Government. 

124nts® 

125btŸsŠbr£oah® 

126btYbjhl¤J eha® (f‹åahFkç 


br§nfh£il t£l¤ÂY« 

127bth¡fhèf® (t¡fhèf®, X¡fhèa®, 

f¥Ãèa®, f¥Ãèah, X¡fhèa bfslh, 

x¡fhèa bfslh, x¡fhèafÎl®, x¡fhèa 

fÎl® c£gl) 

128taehL br£o (Úy»ç kht£l«) 

129ahjth (Ïila®, tLf Ma® mšyJ tLf 

Ïila® mšyJ bfhšyh k‰W« m°jªÂu 

bfhšyh vd miH¡f¥gL»w bjY§F 

bkhê ngR« Ïila® c£gl 

130atd 

131 VUFyh 

131A vªj xU ÏªJ Ã‰gL¤j¥£l tF¥ò 

mšyJ äfÎ« Ã‰gL¤j¥g£l tF¥ò mšyJ 

Ó® kuÃd® Ïd§fëèUªJ »U¤Jt 

kj¤Â‰F kh¿at®fŸ (Ûdt®, 

g®tjuh#Fy«, g£lzt®, br«glt®, 

K¡Fth® mšyJ Kifa®, k‰W« 

gutçèUªJ »U¤Jt kj¤Â‰F kj« 

kh¿at®fŸ Ú§fyhf 

132 10 taJ miltj‰F K‹d® bg‰nwh®fis 

ÏHªj Mjut‰wt®fŸ, r£l¥go mšyJ 

tH¡f¥go, j‹ ÛJ m¡fiw bfhŸs 

vtUäšyhjt®fŸ k‰W« murhš mšyJ 

murhš V‰gë¡f¥g£l gŸëfŸ mšyJ 

mdhij Ïšy§fëš nr®¡f¥g£l 

Mjut‰wt®fŸ. 

II. List of Backward class Christians 

Omitted 

xiv

III. List of Backward Class Muslims Ã‰gL¤j¥g£l tF¥Ãd® Ï°yhäa® g£oaš 

1. Ansar 

2. Dekkani Muslims 

3. Dudekula 

4. Labbais including Rowthar and Marakayar 

(whether their spoken language is Tamil or 

Urdu 

5. Mapilla 

6. Sheik 

7. Syed 

1 m‹rh® 

2 j¡fhå K°è« 

3 JÂFyh 

4 y¥igfŸ, ÏuhÎ¤j® k‰W« 

kiu¡fha® c£gl (mt®fŸ ngR« 

bkhê jäHhf mšyJ cUJthf 

ÏU¥ÃD«) 

5 kh¥ÃŸsh 

6 nõ¡ 

7 ira¤ 

IV. List of Most Backward Classes (MBC) äfÎ« Ã‰gL¤j¥g£l tF¥Ãd® g£oaš (MBC) 

1 Ambalakarar 

2 Andipandaram 

2 (A) Arayar (in Kanniyakumari District) 

3 Bestha, Siviar 

4 Bhatraju (other than Kshatriya Raju) 

5 Boyar, Oddar 

6 Dasari 

7 Dommara 

8 Eravallar (except in Kanniyakumari 



community is a Scheduled Tribe) 

9 Isaivellalar 

10 Jambuvanodai 

11 Jangam 

12 Jogi 

13 Kongu Chettiar (in Coimbatore and 

Erode Districts only) 

14 Koracha 

1 m«gy¡fhu® 

2 M©o¥g©lhu« 

2A mua® (f‹åahFkç kht£l¤Âš) 

3 bg°jh, Óéa® 

4 g£uh#] (r¤Âça uh#]¡fŸ Ú§fyhf) 

5 ngha®, X£l® 

6 jhrç 

7 bjh«kuh 

8 VutŸs® (Ï›éd¤jh®fŸ gH§Fo 

æduhfÎŸs) (f‹åahFkç kht£l« 

k‰W« ÂUbešntè kht£l¤Â‹ 

br§nfh£il t£l« Ú§fyhf) 

9 Ïir ntshs® 

10 #«òthndhil 

11 #§f« 

12 n#h» 

13bfh§F¢ br£oa®, (nfha«ò¤Jh® k‰W« 

List of Most Backward Classes (MBC) äfÎ« Ã‰gL¤j¥g£l tF¥Ãd® g£oaš (MBC) 

15 Kulala (including Kuyavar and 

Kumbarar) 

16 Kunnuvar Mannadi 

17 Kurumba, Kurumba Gounder 

18 Kuruhini Chetty 

18 (A) Latin Catholic Christian Vannar (in 

Kanniyakumari District) 

19 Maruthuvar, Navithar, Mangala, 

Velakattalavar, Velakatalanair and 

Pronopakari 

20 Mond Golla 

21 Moundadan Chetty 

22 Mahendra, Medara 

24 Narikoravar 

25 Nokkar 

25A 

Panisaivan / Panisivan 

26 Vanniakula Kshatriya ( including 

Vanniyar, Vanniya, Vannia Gounder, 

Gounder or Kander, Padayachi, Palli 

and Agnikula Kshatriya) 

27 Paravar (except in Kanniyakumari 



Community is Scheduled Caste) 

15 Fyhyh (Fat®, F«gu® cŸë£l) 

16 F‹Dt® k‹dho 

17 FW«g®, FW«g fÎ©l® 

18 FWïå br£o 

18A Ïy¤Ô‹ f¤njhè¡f »U¤Jt 

t©zh®(f‹åahFkç kht£l¤Âš) 

19 kU¤Jt®, ehéj®, k§fyh, 

nty¡f£lyth, nty¡f£ly eha® k‰W« 

ònuhndhgfhç 

20 nkh©£ bfhšyh 

21 kÎ©lhl‹ br£o 

22 knfªÂuh, nkjuh 

24 eç¡Fwt® 

25 neh¡f® 

25A 

ghâ irt‹/ghâ Át‹ 

26 t‹åaFy¢ r¤Âça® (t‹åa®, 

t‹åah, t‹åafÎ©l®, fÎ©l® 

mšyJ f©l®, gilah£Á, gŸë k‰W« 

m¡åFy r¤Âça® c£gl) 

27 gwt®. (Ï¢rKjha¤Âd® g£oaš 

tF¥Ãduhf cŸs (f‹åahFkç 

kht£l« k‰W« ÂUbešntè 

kht£l¤Â‹ br§nfh£il t£l« 

Ú§fyhf) »U¤Jt kj¤Â‰F kh¿at® 

27 (A) Paravar converts to christianity 

incluting the Paravar converts to 

christianity of Kanniyakumari District 

and Shencotah Taluk of Tirunelveli 

District. 

28 Meenavar (Parvatharajakulam, 

Pattanavar, Sembadavar) ( including 

converts to Christianity) 

27A »U°JtçèUªJ gwt® Ïd¤Â‰F 

khçat® (f‹åahFkç kht£l« k‰W« 


t£l« c£gl. 

28 Ûdt® (g®tjuh#Fy«, g£ldth®, 

br«glt® »U¤Jt kj¤Â‰F kh¿at® 

c£gl) 

xvi

List of Most Backward Classes (MBC) äfÎ« Ã‰gL¤j¥g£l tF¥Ãd® g£oaš (MBC) 

29 Mukkuvar or Mukayar (including 

converts to Christianity 

30 Punnan Vettuva Gounder 

31 Pannayar (other than Kathikarar in 

Kanniyakumari District) 

32 Sathatha Srivaishnava (including 

Sathani, Chattadi and Chattada 

Srivaishnava) 

33 Sozhia Chetty 

34 Telugupatty Chetty 

35 Thottia Naicker (including 

Rajakambalam, Gollavar, Sillavar, 

Thockalavar Thozhuva Naicker and 

Erragollar) 

36 Thondaman 

36A 

36B 

Thoraiyar(Nillgris) 

Thoraiyar (Plains) 

37 Valaiyar (including Chettinad 

Valayars 

38 Vannar (Salavai Thozhilalar) 

(including Agasa, Madivala, Ekali, 

Rajakula, Veluthadar and Rajaka) 

(except in Kanniyakumari District 


District where the community is a 

Scheduled Caste) 

39 Vettaikarar 

40 Vettuva Gounder 

29 K¡Fth® mšyJ Kfa® (»U¤Jt 

kj¤Â‰F kh¿at® c£gl) 

30 ò‹d®, nt£Lt bfs©l® 

31 g©izah®, (f‹åahFkç, kht£l¤Âš 

fÂfhu® Ú§fyhf) 

32 rjhj$itZzt (rjhå, r£lho k‰W« 

r£lhl $itZzt c£gl) 

33 nrhêa br£o 

34 bjY§F¥g£o br£o 

35 bjh£oa eha¡f®, (uh#f«gs«, bfhšyt®, 

Ášyt®, bjh¡fsth®, bjhGt eha¡f®, 

k‰W« V®ubfhšy® c£gl) 

36 bjh©ilkh‹ 

36A 

36B 

bjhiua® (Úy»ç) 

bjhiua®(rkbtë) 

37 tiya® (br£oehL tiya®fŸ c£gl) 

38 t©zh® (ryit¤bjhêyhs®) (mfrh, 

kotsh, Vfhè uh#Fy ntY¤jlh® 

k‰W« uh#hfh c£gl) Ï¢r_f¤Âd® 

MÂÂuhél® tF¥Ãduhf ÏU¡F« 

(f‹åahFkç kht£l« ÂUbešntè 

kht£l¤Â‹ br§nfh£il t£l« 

Ú§fyhf 

39 nt£ilfhu® 

40 nt£Lt bfs©l® 

xvii

V. List of Denotified Communities (DNC) / Ó® kuÃd® g£oaš (DNC) 

Denotified Communities (DNC) Ó® kuÃd® g£oaš (DNC) 

1 Attur Kilnad Koravars 

(Salem,Namakkal, Cuddalore, 

Villupuram, Ramanathapuram, 

Sivaganga and Virudhunagar Districts) 

2 Attur Melnad Koravars (Salem and 

Namakkal District) 

3 Appanad Kondayam kottai Maravar ( 

Sivaganga, Virudhunagar, 

Ramanathapuram, Madurai,Theni and 

Dindigul Districts ) 

4 Ambalakarar (Thanjavur, 


Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai 

Districts) 

5 Ambalakkarar (Suriyanur, Tiruchirapalli 

District) 

6 Boyas (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, 

Perambalur, Pudukottai, The Nilgiris, 

Salem Namakkal and Dharmapuri 

Districts) 

7 Battu Turkas 

8 C.K. Koravars (Cuddalore and 

Villupuram Districts) 

9 Chakkala (Sivaganga, Virudhunagar, 

Ramanathapuram, Thanjavur, 

Nagapattinam,Tiruvarur, Pudukottai 


Madurai , Theni, Dindigul and the 

Nilgiris Districts) 

10 Changyampudi Koravars (Vellore and 


11 Chettinad Valayars (Sivaganga, 

Virudhunagar and Ramanathapuram 

Districts) 

12 Dombs (Pudukottai,Tiruchirapalli, Karur 

and Perambalur Districts) 

13 Dobba Koravars (Salem and Namakkal 

Districts) 

14 Dommars (Thanjavur, 

Nagapattinam,Tiruvarur, Pudukottai, 

Vellore and Tiruvannamalai Districts) 

1 M¤Jh® ÑœehL Fwt®fŸ ( n r y « , 

ehk¡fš flYh® , éG¥òu«, Ïuhkehjòu«, 

Átf§if k‰W« éUJef® kht£l§fŸ) 

2 M¤Jh® nkšehL Fwt®fŸ ( n r y « , 

ehk¡fš kht£l§fŸ) 

3 M¥gehL bfh©la« nfh£il kwt® 

(Átf§if, éUJef®, Ïuhkehjòu«, 

kJiu, njå k‰W« Â©L¡fš 

kht£l§fŸ) 

4 m«gyfhu® (jŠrhñ®, ehf¥g£od«, 

ÂUth%®, ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, f%®, 

bgu«gYh® k‰W« òJ¡nfh£il 

kht£l§fŸ) 

5 m«gy¡fhu®, (ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë kht£l« 

NçaDh®) 

6 ngha®fŸ (ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, f%®, 

bgu«gYh®, òJ¡nfh£il, Úy»ç, nry«, 

ehk¡fš, jUkòç k‰W« »UZz»ç 

kht£l§fŸ). 

7 g£LJ®fh° 

8 Á.nf.Fwt®fŸ (flYh® k‰W« 

éG¥òu« kht£l§fŸ) 

9 r¡fyh 

(Átf§if,éUJef®,Ïuhkehjòu«, 

jŠrhñ®, ehf¥g£od«, ÂUth%®, 

òJnfh£il, ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, f%®, 

bgu«gYh®, kJiu, njå, Â©L¡fš, 

k‰W« Úy»ç kht£l§fŸ). 

10 r§fa«òo (Fwt®fŸ n t Y h ® 

k‰W« ÂUt©zhkiy kht£l§fŸ) 

11 br£oehL tiya®fŸ (Átf§if, 

éUJef® k‰W« Ïuhkehjòu« 

kht£l§fŸ) 

12 bjh«g®fŸ ( ò J ¡ n f h £ i l , 

ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, f%® k‰W« bgu«gYh® 

kht£l§fŸ) 

13 bjh¥g Fwt®fŸ (nry« k‰W« 


14 bjh«k®fŸ (jŠrhñ®, ehf¥g£od«, 

ÂUth%®, òJ¡nfh£il, ntYh® k‰W« 

ÂUt©zhkiy kht£l§fŸ) 

xviii

V. List of Denotified Communities (DNC) Ó® kuÃd® g£oaš (DNC) 

15 Donga Boya 

16 Donga Ur.Korachas 

17 Devagudi Talayaris 

18 Dobbai Korachas (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, 


19 Dabi Koravars (Thanjavur, 


Karur, Perambalur, Pudukottai, Vellore 

and Tiruvannamalai Districts) 

20 Donga Dasaris (Kancheepuram, 

Tiruvallur, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, 

Perambalur, Pudukottai, Chennai, 

Salem and Namakkal Districts) 

21 Gorrela Dodda Boya 

22 Gudu Dasaris 

23 Gandarvakottai Koravars (Thanjavur, 

Nagapattinam,Tiruvarur, Tiruchirapalli, 

Karur,Perambalur, Pudukottai 

Cuddalore and Villupuram Districts) 

24 Gandarvakottai Kallars (Thanjavur, 

Nagapattinam,Tiruvarur and 

Pudukottai Districts) 

25 Inji Korvars (Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, 

Tiruvarur, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, 


26 Jogis (Kancheepuram,Tiruvallur, 

Chennai, Cuddalore, Villupuram, 


27 Jambavanodai 

28 Kaladis (Sivaganga, Virudhunagar, 

Ramanathapuram, Madurai,Theni, 

Dindigul, 

Thanjavur, 

Nagapattinam,Tiruvarur, 

Pudukottai,Tiruchirapalli, Karur and 

Perambalur Districts) 

29 Kal Oddars (Kancheepuram, Tiruvallur, 


Virudhunagar, Madurai, Theni, 

Dindigul,Pudukottai, Thanjavur, 

15 bjh§fngha® 

16 bjh§f C® bfh‰¢rh®fŸ 

17 njtFo jiyahçfŸ 

18 bjh¥ig bfhu¢rh¡fŸ 

(ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, f%®, bgu«gYh® k‰W« 

òJ¡nfh£il kht£l§fŸ) 

19 jhÃ Fwt®fŸ j Š r h ñ ® , 

ehf¥g£od«, ÂUth%®, ÂU¢Áuh¥ gŸë, 

f%®, bgu«gYh®, òJ¡nfh£il, ntYh® 

k‰W« ÂUt©zhkiy kht£l§fŸ 

20 bjh§fjhrçfŸ ( f h Š Á ò u « , 

ÂUtŸq®, ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, f%®, 

bgu«gYh®, òJ¡nfh£il, br‹id, 

nry« k‰W« ehk¡fš kht£l§fŸ) 

21 bfhçšyh bjh£lngha® 

22 FLjhrçfŸ 

23 fªj®t¡nfh£il Fwt®fŸ (jŠrhñ®, 


f%®, bgu«gYh®, òJ¡nfh£il, flYh® 

k‰W« éG¥òu« kht£l§fŸ) 

24 fªj®t¡nfh£il fŸs®fŸ (jŠrhñ®, 

ehf¥g£od«, ÂUth%®, k‰W« 


25 ÏŠÁ¡ Fwt®fŸ ( j Š r h ñ ® , 


f%®, bgu«gYh®, k‰W« òJ¡nfh£il 

kht£l§fŸ) 

26 n#h»fŸ (fhŠÁòu«, ÂUtŸq®. 

br‹id, flYh®, éG¥òu«, ntYh® 

k‰W« ÂUt©zhkiy kht£l§fŸ) 

27 #«gtndhil 

28 fhyofŸ (Átf§if, éUJef®, 

Ïuhkehjòu«, kJiu, njå, Â©L¡fš, 

jŠrhñ®, ehf¥g£od«, ÂUth%® k‰W« 

òJ¡nfh£il , ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, f%® 

k‰W« bgu«gYh® kht£l§fŸ) 

29 fš X£l®fŸ (fhŠÁòu«, ÂUtŸq®, 

Ïuhkehjòu«, Átf§if, éUJef®, 

kJiu, njå, Â©L¡fš, òJ¡nfh£il, 

ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, f%®, bgu«gYh®, 

xix


Nagapattinam,Tiruvarur, Tiruchirapalli, 

Karur,Perambalur, Tirunelveli, 

Toothukudi, Salem and Namakkal 

Districts) 

30 Koravars (Kancheepuram , Tiruvallur, 


Virudhunagar, Pudukottai,Thanjavur, 

Nagapattinam, Thiruvarur, 


Tirunelveli, Thoothukadi, 

Chennai,Madurai, Theni, Dindigul and 

The Nilgiris Districts) 

31 Kalinji Dabikoravars (Thanjavur, 

Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur and 


32 Kootappal Kallars ( Tiruchirapalli, 


Districts) 

33 Kala Koravars (Thanjavur, 


Karur Perambalur and Pudukottai 

Districts) 

34 Kalavathila Boyas 

35 Kepmaris (Kancheepuram,Tiruvallur, 

Pudukottai, Tiruchirapalli, Karur and 

Perambalur Districts) 

36 Maravars (Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, 

Tiruvarur, 

Pudukottai, 


Virudhunagar, Tirunelveli and 

Toothukudi Districts) 

37 Monda Koravars 

38 Monda Golla (Salem and Namakkal 

Districts) 

39 Mutlakampatti (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, 


40 Nokkars (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, 


ÂUbešntè, Jh¤J¡Fo, nry« k‰W« 

ehk¡fš kht£l§fŸ). 

30 Fwt®fŸ (fhŠÁòu«, ÂUtŸq®, 

Ïuhkehjòu«, Átf§if, éUJef®, 

òJ¡nfh£il, jŠrhñ®, ehf¥g£od«, 

ÂUth%®, ÂU¢Áuh¥ gŸë, f%®, 

bgu«gYh®, ÂUbešntè, Jh¤J¡Fo, 

br‹id, kJiu njå, Â©L¡fš k‰W« 

Úy»ç kht£l§fŸ). 

31 fëŠÁ jhÃ Fwt®fŸ (jŠrhñ®, 

ehf¥g£od«, ÂUth%®, k‰W« 

òJ¡nfh£il kht£l§fŸ). 

32 T¤j¥ghš fŸs®fŸ 



33 fy Fwt®fŸ ( j Š r h ñ ® , 


f%®, bgu«gYh®, k‰W« òJ¡nfh£il 

kht£l§fŸ). 

34 fytÂyh ngha®fŸ 

35 nf¥khçfŸ (fhŠÁòu«, ÂUtŸq®, 

òJ¡nfh£il, ÂU¢Áuh¥ gŸë, f%®, 

k‰W« bgu«gYh® kht£l§fŸ). 

36 kwt®fŸ (jŠrhñ®, ehf¥g£od«, 

ÂUth%®, òJ¡nfh£il , Ïuhkehjòu«, 

Átf§if, éUJef®, ÂUbešntè 

k‰W« Jh¤J¡Fo kht£l§fŸ). 

37 bkhªj Fwt®fŸ 

38 bkhªj bfhšyh (nry« k‰W« 


39 Klyf« g£o (ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, 

f%®, bgu«gYh® k‰W« òJ¡nfh£il 

kht£l§fŸ) 

40 neh¡f®fŸ (ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, f%®, 


kht£l§fŸ) 

xx


41 Nellorepet Oddars ( Vellore and 


42 Oddars (Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, 

Tiruvarur, Tiruchirapalli,Karur, 

Perambalur, Pudukottai, Madurai, 

Theni and Dindigul Districts ) 

43 Pedda Boyas (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, 


44 Ponnai Koravars ( Vellore and 

Tiruvannamalai Districts ) 

45 Piramalai Kallars (Sivaganga, 

Virudhunagar, Ramanathapuram, 

Madurai, Theni, DIndigul, Pudukottai, 

Thanjavur, Nagapattinam and 

Tiruvarur Districts 

46 Peria Suriyur Kallars (Tiruchirapalli, 


Districts) 

47 Padayachi (Vellayan Kuppam in 

Cuddalore District and Tennore in 

Tiruchirapalli District) 

48 Punnan Vettuva Gounder 

(Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and 


49 Servai (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, 


50 Salem Melnad Koravars (Madurai, 

Theni, Dindigul, Coimbatore, Erode, 

Pudukottai, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, 

Perambalur, Salem, Namakkal, Vellore 


51 Salem Uppu Koravars (Salem and 


52 Sakkaraithamadai Koravars (Vellore 


53 Saranga Palli Koravars 

54 Sooramari Oddars (Salem and 


41 bešYh® ng£il X£l®fŸ (ntYh® 

k‰W« ÂUt©zhkiy kht£l§fŸ). 

42 x£l®fŸ (jŠrhñ®, ehf¥g£od«, 

ÂUth%®, ÂU¢Áuh¥ gŸë, f%®, 

bgu«gYh®, k‰W« òJ¡nfh£il, kJiu, 

njå k‰W« Â©L¡fš kht£l§fŸ). 

43 bg¤jngha®fŸ (ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, 

f%®, bgu«gYh® k‰W« òJ¡nfh£il 

kht£l§fŸ) 

44 bgh‹id Fwt®fŸ (ntYh® k‰W« 

ÂUt©zhkiy kht£l§fŸ). 

45 Ãukiy¡ fŸs®fŸ ( Á t f § i f , 

éUJef®, Ïuhkehjòu«,kJiu, 

Â©L¡fš, njå òJ¡nfh£il, jŠrhñ®, 

ehf¥g£od« k‰W« ÂUth%® 

kht£l§fŸ) 

46 bgça Nçô® fŸs®fŸ 



47 gilah¢Á (flYh® kht£l¤Âš 

btŸisa‹F¥g« k‰W« ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë 

kht£l¤Âš bj‹Dh®) 

48 ò‹d®nt£Lt fÎ©l® 



49 nr®it (ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, f%®, 


kht£l§fŸ) 

50 nry«nkšehL Fwt®fŸ 

(kJiu,njå,Â©L¡fš,


55 Sembanad Maravars (Sivaganga, 

Virudunagar and Ramanathapuram 

Districts) 

56 Thalli Koravars(Salem and Namakkal 

Districts) 

57 Telungapattti Chettis (Tiruchirapalli, 


Districts) 

58 Thottia Naickers (Sivaganga , 

Virudunagar, Ramanathapuram, 

Kancheepuram,Tiruvallur, Thanjavur, 

Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur, 


Pudukottai. Tirunelveli, Thoothukudi, 

Salem, Namakkal,Vellore, 

Tiruvannamalai, Coimbatore and 

Erode Districts) 

59 Thogamalai Koravars or Kepmaris 

(Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and 


60 Uppukoravars or Settipalli Koravars 

(Thanjavur, Nagapattinam , Tiruvarur, 

Pudukottai, Madurai, Theni, Dindigul, 


61 Urali Gounders (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, 


62 Wayalpad or Nawalpeta Korachas 

63 Vaduvarpatti Koravars (Madurai, 

Theni, Dindigul, Ramanathapuram, 

Sivaganga, Virudunagar, Tirunelveli, 

Thoothukudi, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, 


64 Valayars (Madurai, Theni, Dindigul, 


Pudukottai,Erode and Coimbatore 

Districts) 

65 Vettaikarar (Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, 

Tiruvarur and Pudukottai Districts) 

55 br«gehL kwt®fŸ 

(Átf§if,éUJef®, k‰W« Ïuhkehjòu« 

kht£l§fŸ). 

56 jšè Fwt®fŸ (nry« k‰W« ehk¡fš 

kht£l§fŸ) 

57 beY§fg£o br£ofŸ 



58 bjh£oa eha¡f®fŸ 

(fhŠÁòu«,ÂUtŸq®,jŠrhñ®, 

ehf¥g£od«, f%®, bgu«gYh®, 

ÂUth%®,ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë, 

òJ¡nfh£il,ÂUbešntè, 

Jh¤J¡Fo,nry« ehk¡fš,ntYh®, 

ÂUt©zhkiy, nfha«ò¤Jh® k‰W« 

SECC 2011 

Cøn¨¦ & X 

njÁa gæ‰Wd®fŸ k‰W« Kj‹ik gæ‰Wd® C¡Fé¥ghs®fŸ 

bga® k‰W« gjé 

miyngÁ v© 

njÁa gæ‰Wd®fŸ 

ÂU. M.V.R. »UZzuh› 9899036011 

Ïiz Ïa¡Fe®, k¡fŸ bjhif 

fz¡bfL¥ò Ïa¡Fduf«, br‹id 

ÂU. é.Ïuh#‹Jiu, 9750146907 

Ïiz Ïa¡Fe®, ng%uh¢ÁfŸ Ïa¡ff« 9443439361 

br‹id 

ÂU. C.K. Åu©z‹ 9443330733 

Â£l Ïa¡Fd®, Cuf ts®¢Á Kfik, j®kòç 

Kidt®. A. m‰òjuh{ 9444130743 

éçÎiuahs®, SIRD kiwkiyef® 

ÂU. T.L.N. ÁRFkh® 9444521354 

Jiz Ïa¡Fe®, k¡fŸ bjhif 


Fkhç. òtnd°tç 9444800612 

cjé Ïa¡Fe®, k¡fŸ bjhif 


ÂU. Á‹dJiu 9444913357 

cjé Ïa¡Fe®, k¡fŸ bjhif 


ÂU. K. r«g¤ 9381088601 

bra‰bgh¿ahs®, khefuh£Á, br‹id 

ÂU. v°. Fkçk‹d‹ 9443225989 

tUthŒ mYty®, Mto efuh£Á, br‹id 

Ïju bjhl®ò mYty®fŸ 

ÂU. C. j®kuh{ 9443449191 

òŸëÏaš mYty®, ng%uh£ÁfŸ Ïa¡ff«, 

br‹id 

ÂU. S. $ju‹ 9841052753 

SECC xU§»iz¥ghs® 

Cuf ts®¢Á k‰W« Cuh£Á Ïa¡ff«, 

br‹id. 

xxiii

Kj‹ik gæ‰Wd® C¡Fé¥ghs®fŸ 

t. 

v© 

ng%uh£ÁfŸ 


ÂU / ÂUkÂ 

miyngÁ v©fŸ 

1. nt.uhn#°tç njt»Uig, 

cjé Ïa¡Fe® ng%uh£ÁfŸ, fhŠÁòu« 9597990176 

2. R.nrf®, 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, fhŠÁòu« 9444026477 

3. br.uh.ÏuhnrªÂu‹, 

cjé Ïa¡Fe® ng%uh£ÁfŸ, ÂUtŸq® 9176632047 

4. kh.n#hÂKUf‹, 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, ÂUtŸq® 9994166600 

5. v°.v«.kiyakh‹ ÂUKo¡fhç, 

cjé Ïa¡Fe®, ntYh® 9442522701 

6. M.KUnfr‹, 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, ntYh® 9442397327 

7. g.nkhf‹uh{, 

braš mYty®, br§f« ng%uh£Á, ÂUt©zhkiy 9486425249 

8. k.uhkehj‹, 

cjé Ïa¡Fe® ng%uh£ÁfŸ, jUkòç 9443109432 

9. v°.R¥Ãukâa«uh{, 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, »UZz»ç 9442516993 

10. br.gHåa«khŸ, 

cjé Ïa¡Fe®, nry« 9442291165 

11. u.enlr‹, 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, nry« 9790188621 

12. ».rªÂuFkh®, 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, ehk¡fš 9443554016 

13. R.fiythz‹, 

ng%uh£Áfë‹ cjé Ïa¡Fe®,

t. 

v© 


ÂU / ÂUkÂ 

miyngÁ 

v©fŸ 

17. b#.ÂUPhd«, 

cjé Ïa¡Fe®, nfhaK¤Jh® 9360801444 

18. fh. knfªÂu‹ 9842629957 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, nfha«ò¤ö® 

19. F.Ïs§Fku‹, 

Ïsãiy bgh¿ahs®, nfhaK¤Jh® 9443770076 

20. M®.bgçarhä, 

cjé Ïa¡Fe®, Úy»ç 9486691966 

21. m.rila¥g‹, 

cjé Ïa¡Fe®, flYh® 9443575450 

22. eh.uh#h, 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, éG¥òu« 9443785903 

23. v«.ghyR¥Ãukâa‹, 

cjé Ïa¡Fe®, jŠrhñ® 9443598749 

24. e.éRtehj‹, 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, jŠrhñ® 9578224466 

25. K.Ïstur‹, 

cjé bgh¿ahs®, jŠrhñ® 9442112969 

26. rh.Ãughf®, 

Ïsãiy¥bgh¿ahs®, jŠrhñ® 9942699436 

27. Ó.r¤Âa_®¤Â, 

cjé bgh¿ahs®, ehf¥g£od« 9444019909 

28. br.ÂU¢bršt«, 

Ïsãiy bgh¿ahs®, ÂUth%® 9788421795 

29. ik.kh®fbu£ RÓyh, 

cjé Ïa¡Fe®, ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë 9655579089 

30. nah.RnuªÂu‹ 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, mçaYh® 7373659659 

31. M®.kndhf®, 

cjé bgh¿ahs®, bgu«gYh® 9443150555 

32. kh.kâK¤J, 

cjé bgh¿ahs®, òJ¡nfh£il 9942449544 

33. e.jäHuÁ, 

cjé Ïa¡Fe®, Â©L¡fš 9442017540 

xxv

t. 

v© 


ÂU / ÂUkÂ 

miyngÁ 

v©fŸ 

34. K.rhæuh{, 

cjé bra‰¥bgh¿ahs®, Â©L¡fš 9443545526 

35. fh.bt.Ïuhkrhä, 

cjé bgh¿ahs®, f%® 9443576639 

36. Á.kUJgh©oa‹, 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, kJiu 9940223266 

37. fU.Ó.fU¥igah, 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, njå 9884667782 

38. brh.bjŒtehaf«, 

cjé Ïa¡Fe®, Átf§if 9443707185 

39. v°.gh©O°tç, 

Ïsãiy bgh¿ahs®, Ïuhkehjòu« 9443860460 

40. g.RnuZFkh®, 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, éUJef® 9443582130 

41. R.bršt«, 

cjé Ïa¡Fe®, ÂUbešntè 9442253884 

42. j.j®kuh{, 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, ÂUbešntè 9443613201 

43. Ó.MWKf«, 

cjé bgh¿ahs®, ÂUbešntè 9443125884 

44. r.rªÂunrf®, 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, Jh¤J¡Fo 9442056780 

45. e.nrh.f©z‹, 

cjé bgh¿ahs®, Jh¤J¡Fo 9443670876 

46. kâf©l‹ MÎila¥g‹, 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, ÂUbešntè 9944627006 

47. nfh.gHå¢rhä, 

cjé Ïa¡Fe®, f‹åahFkç 9443894875 

48. Á.Ïuhjh»UZz‹, 

cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®, f‹åahFkç 9444134006 

49. fh.Ïuhjh»UZz‹, 

braš mYty®, f‹åahFkç 9443728692 

50. Ú.Ïuh#hkâ, 

braš mYty®, f‹åahFkç 9486012201 

xxvi

t. 

v© 

efuh£ÁfŸ : 


ÂU / ÂUkÂ 

miyngÁ 

v©fŸ 

1. Ú.Fznrfu‹,tUthŒ mYty®,gšytòu« efuh£Á, 8144810930 

fhŠÁòu« 

2. r.Kuë,efuik¥ò mYty®,fhŠÁòu« efuh£Á, fhŠÁòu« 9367708805 

3. Á.uhkb#a«,nkyhs®, Áj«gu« efuh£Á, flYh® 9443006415 

4. nfh.ÁtFkh®,efuik¥ò mYty®,Mto efuh£Á, 9444030586 

ÂUtŸq® 

5. r.gh®¤jrhuÂ,nkyhs®, Foah¤j« efuh£Á, ntYh® 9944586665 

6. nf.r®jh®ghõh,fz¡fhs®,efuh£Á mYtyf«, éG¥òu« 9626680726 

7. v°.f©z‹,nkyhs®,efuh£Á¤Jiw, jUkòç efuh£Á, 9443570488 

éG¥òu« 

8. K.nfhéªjuh#‹,fz¡f®, ehk¡fš efuh£Á, ehk¡fš 9443325457 

9. r.gh°fu‹,efuik¥ò mYty®, F«gnfhz« efuh£Á, 9994068486 

jŠrhñ® 

10. nf.f©z‹,efuik¥ò mYty®,òJ¡nfh£il efuh£Á, 9842647524 

òJ¡nfh£il 

11. v°.bgçarhä,efuik¥ò mYty®,bfhil¡fhdš efuh£Á, 9443455451 

Â©L¡fš 

12. m.unkZ,efuik¥ò mYty®,mšèefu« efuh£Á, njå 9442660711 

13. k.gh®¤Âg‹,efuik¥ò mYty®,F‹Dh® efuh£Á mYtyf«, 9443107385 

Úy»ç 

14. v°.cjaFkh®,cjé efuik¥ò mYty®, Â©L¡fš efuh£Á, 9894181460 

Â©L¡fš 

15. M.#hd»uhk‹,efuik¥ò mYty®-ehf®nfhéš efuh£Á 9361686006 

mYtyf«, f‹åahFkç 

16. M.Ïuh#hkâ,nkyhs®, efuh£Á mYtyf«, r§fu‹nfhéš, 9791833290 

ÂUbešntè 

17. fh.knfªÂu‹,cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®,ng%uh£ÁfŸ, 9842629957 

nfhaK¤Jh® 

18. bg.fnzr‹,nkyhs®, Fë¤jiy efuh£Á, f%® 9442320781 

19. m.rhyh®m¥Jšehr®,efuik¥ò MŒths®,f%® efuh£Á, 9486622338 

f%® 

20. y.nfhghy»UZz‹,KJãiy efuik¥ò mYty®,efuh£Á 8489916704 

mYtyf«, f%® 

21. e.n#hÂFkh®,TLjš Kj‹ik nkyhs®, beŒntè efça«, 9443876309 

flYh® 

xxvii

t. 

v© 

khefuh£ÁfŸ: 


ÂU / ÂUkÂ 

miyngÁ 

v©fŸ 

1. nf.nyhfehj‹, cjé tUthŒ mYty®,br‹id khefuh£Á, 9445194738 

br‹id 

2. Ïuh.ckhgÂ,bra‰bgh¿ahs®-Âl¡fêÎ nkyh©ik, 9445190020 

br‹id khefuh£Á, br‹id 

3. uh.ÓåthrY,bra‰bgh¿ahs®,br‹id khefuh£Á, 9003075513 

br‹id 

4. R.itF©l«,bra‰bgh¿ahs®,br‹id khefuh£Á, 9445190038 

br‹id 

5. I.bu§fehj‹,cjébra‰bgh¿ahs®(Â£l«), kJiu 9442639597 

khefuh£Á, kJiu 

6. Â.uh.ué,ã®thf mYtyf®,nfhit khefuh£Á, nfhaK¤Jh® 9489206001 

7. f.ÂUÚyf©l‹,Jiz¥gÂths®, ãÂ mYty® 9894861911 

XŒÎ)ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë khefuh£Á, ÂU¢Áuh¥gŸë 

8. M®.r§fu‹,ã®thf mYty®,ÂUbešntè khefuh£Á, 9944462667 

ÂUbešntè 

9. K.uh.ÁÃ¢r¡fut®¤Â,cjé¥bgh¿ahs®,nry« khefuh£Á, 8489933317 

nry« 

10. bt.j.mnrh¡Fkh®,cjé bra‰bgh¿ahs®,

Enumerator's Manual - Tamil Nadu Government

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?