Bmjvgx AvKx`v

KziAvb-mybœvni Av‡jv‡K
Bmjvgx AvKx`v
W. †Lv›`Kvi Avãyj­vn Rvnv½xi
wc-GBP. wW. (wiqv`), Gg. G. (wiqv`), Gg.Gg. (XvKv)
mn‡hvMx Aa¨vcK, Avj-nv`xm wefvM,
Bmjvgx wek¦we`¨vjq, Kzwóqv
1
Avm-mybœvn cvewj‡KkÝ
wSbvB`n, evsjv‡`k

ﺔﻨﺴﻟﺍﻭ
2
ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻟﺍ
ﺀﻭﻀ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﻘﻌﻟﺍ
ﺭﻴﻐﻨﺎﻬﺠ ﷲﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺭﺼﻨ ﻭﺒﺃ ﺭﺎﻜﺩﻨﻭﺨ ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩ : ﻑﻴﻟﺄﺘ
ﺽﺎﻴﺭﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺩﻭﻌﺴ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻡﺎﻤﻹﺍ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺍﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩ
. ﺵﻴﺩﻼﻐﻨﺒ ،ﺎﻴﺘﺸﻭﻜ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﻟﺎﺒ ﻙﺭﺎﺸﻤ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃﻭ
KziAvb-mybœvni Av‡jv‡K Bmjvgx AvKx`v
W. †Lv›`Kvi Avãyj­vn Rvnv½xi
cÖKvkK
Dmvgv †Lv›`Kvi
Avm-mybœvn cvewj‡KkÝ
Rvgvb mycvi gv‡K©U (3q Zjv)
we. we. †ivW. wSbvB`n-7300
‡dvb I d¨·: 0451-62578; †gvevBj: 01711152954
cÖw߯’vb:
1. `vi“k kixqvn LvbKv‡q dzidziv, cvKkx, Bk¦i`x, cvebv
2. Bkvqv‡Z Bmjvg KzZzeLvbv, 2/2 `vi“m mvjvg, wgicyi, XvKv-1216
3. Avj-dvi“K GKv‡Wgx, †avcvNvUv-†Mvwe›`cyi, wSbvB`n-7300
cÖKvk Kvj : hyjnv¾v 1428 wn, wW‡m¤^i 2007 Cmvqx
nvw`qv
280 (`yB kZ Avwk) UvKv gvÎ|
Qur'an-Sunnaher Aloke Islami Aqida (The Islamic Creed in the Light of the Qur'an and Sunnah)
by Dr. Khandaker Abdullah Jahangir. Published by As-Sunnah Pablications, Jaman Supur Market, B.
B. Road, Jhenidah-7300. December 2007.
Price TK 280.00 only.

3
f~wgKv
�ﻥـ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪـﹶﻟ ﱠل�ﻀ�ﻤ ﻼﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻬ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨِﻟﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋَﺃ �ﺕﺎَﺌ�ﻴ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺴﹸﻔ ﹾﻨَﺃ ﹺﺭﻭ�ﺭﹸﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﹸﺫﻭ�ﻌﹶﻨ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐﹶﺘ�ﺴﹶﻨ�ﻭ �ﻪﹸﻨﻴ�ﻌﹶﺘ�ﺴﹶﻨﻭ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤﹶﻨ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
ﹶﺕ�ﻴﱠﻠـ�ﺼ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ �ﻪ�ﺘ �ﻴ�ﺭﹸﺫ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺠﺍ�ﻭ�ﺯَﺃ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﱢل�ﺼ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠﻟﺍ ،�ﻪﹸﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ
�ﻩ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ �ﻥَﺃ �ﺩ�ﻬﹾﺸَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ �ﻥَﺃ �ﺩ�ﻬﹾﺸَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻱ�ﺩﺎ�ﻫ ﻼﹶﻓ ْل�ﻠ�ﻀ�ﻴ
. �ﺩﻴﹺﺠ�ﻤ �ﺩﻴ�ﻤ�ﺤ �ﻙﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻡﻴ�ﻫﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒِﺇ ِلﺁ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹶﺕﹾﻜ�ﺭﺎ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻴ�ﺭﹸﺫ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺠﺍ�ﻭ�ﺯَﺃ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻙﹺﺭﺎ�ﺒ�ﻭ �ﻡﻴ�ﻫﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒِﺇ ِلﺁ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ
gvby‡li cÖK…wZ I gvbeRvwZi BwZnvm ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, mwVK wek¦vmB gvby‡li mKj mdjZv I
†mŠfv‡M¨i wfwË| wek¦vmB gvby‡li cwiPvwjKv kw³| mwVK wek¦vm gvbyl‡K gvbeZvi wkL‡i Zz‡j †`q Ges Zvi Rxe‡b e‡q Av‡b
Adziš— kvwš— I Avb›`|
Avgiv Rvwb wek¦vm I K‡g©i mgš^‡q Bmjvg| mwVK wek¦vm ev CgvbB Bmjv‡gi g~j wfwË| Avgiv hZ Bev`Z I
mrKg© Kwi mewKQy Avj­vni wbKU Keyj ev MªnY‡hvM¨ nIqvi kZ© Cgvb|
wewfbœ gymwjg Rb‡Mvôxi mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki‡j evsjv‡`‡ki gymwjg‡`i we‡kl wZbwU ˆewkó¨ aiv c‡o:
cÖ_gZ, evsjvi gymwjgMY fw³cÖeY| Zuviv Zuv‡`i ag© Bmjvg‡K LyeB fvjev‡mb| Avj­vn I Zuvi wcÖq ivm~j (�)
cÖwZ Zvu‡`i fw³ LyeB †ekx| Zvuiv mvaviYZ Bmjvgx AvPiY‡K †g‡b Pj‡Z AvMÖnx|
wØZxqZ, Zuviv mijcÖvY| mvaviYZ Bmjv‡gi bv‡g ev a‡g©i bv‡g hv ejv nq Zuviv mn‡RB Zv †g‡b †bb|
Z…ZxqZ, Zviv f`ª I webqx| †Kvb wel‡q mZ¨ AeMZ n‡j AwaKvsk †‡Î Zuviv Zv †g‡b †bb Ges wb‡Ri fzj
¯^xKvi K‡ib| Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK gymwjg Rb‡Mvôxi m`m¨‡`i g‡Z wb‡Ri fzj eySvi c‡iI Zv AvK‡o aivi ev Zvi c‡
IKvjwZ Kivi †Póv K‡ib bv|
wewfbœ †`‡ki gymwjg‡`i g‡a¨ `vIÔAvZx K‡g© wjß we‡`kx mgvRKg©xiv evsjvi gymjgvb‡`i GmKj ˆewk‡ó¨i K_v D‡j­L
K‡i‡Qb|
G mKj ¸Y I ˆewkó¨ _vKv m‡Ë¡I evsjvi gymwjg‡`i g‡a¨ mvaviYfv‡e Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, Zuviv Zuv‡`i Cgv‡bi
wewaweavb m¤ú‡K© we¯—vwiZ Ávb iv‡Lb bv| A‡bK ag©fxi“ gymwjg‡K Cgv‡bi AviKvb m¤^‡Ü cÖkœ Kiv nq wZwb fvjfv‡e
eywS‡q ej‡Z cv‡ib bv| wiqv‡` Ae¯’vbKv‡j Avwg GKwU Bmjvgx †K‡›`ª Kg©iZ wQjvg| G †K‡›`ª divmx, Av‡gwiKvb,
weªwUk, wdwjwc‡bv, fviZxq, kªxjsKvb, KvbvwWqvb I Ab¨vb¨ †`‡ki A‡bK Agymwjg cyi“l I gwnjv Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib|
Giv LyeB AvMÖn wb‡q Bmjvg MÖnY Ki‡Z Avm‡Zb| Avgiv cÖ_‡gB Zuv‡`i‡K wRÁvmv KiZvg, Zviv †Kb Bmjvg MÖnY Ki‡Z
Pvb? Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© Zuviv wK †R‡b‡Qb? Avgiv Zv‡`i‡K Bmjvgx Cgvb ev ag©xq wek¦vm m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv KiZvg| Òjv-
Bjvnv Bj­vj­vnÓ A_© Kx? L„÷vb‡`i GK Avj­vnq wek¦vm, †cŠËwjK‡`i GK Avj­vnq wek¦vm Ges gymwjg‡`i GK Avj­vnq
wek¦v‡mi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wK? Cgv‡bi AviKvb wK wK? wK‡m Cgvb evwZj nq? wki&K Kv‡K e‡j? Kzd&i Kv‡K e‡j? Bmjv‡gi
g~j ˆewkó¨ wK? BZ¨vw` |
Zuv‡`i ga¨ †_‡K A‡b‡KB Gme cÖ‡kœi Reve w`‡Z cvi‡Zb| KviY mvaviYZ Zuviv Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© covïbv Kivi c‡iB
Bmjvg MÖnY Ki‡Z Avm‡Zb| hviv GmKj cÖ‡kœi Reve w`‡Z cvi‡Zb bv Zv‡`i Avgiv Av‡M GmKj welq wkv w`Zvg, Gici
Zv‡`i Kvwjgv cov‡bv n‡Zv| KviY G mKj welq bv †R‡b Kvwjgv cov A_©nxb n‡q c‡o| nqZ Kvwjgv cv‡Vi c‡iI Ggb
wKQy wek¦vm Zvi g‡a¨ †_‡K hv‡e hv G Kv‡jgvi cwicš’x A_ev nqZ Kvwjgv cv‡Vi c‡iB Ggb wKQy KvR wZwb Ki‡eb hv‡Z Zvi
Cgvb bó n‡q hv‡e| bZzb gymwjg‡`i hLb GmKj welq †kLv‡bv n‡Zv ZLb fveZvg evsjv‡`‡ki A‡bK avwg©K gymwjgI
GmKj cÖ‡kœi DËi Rv‡bb bv| Gi `ytLRbK cwiYwZ n‡jv Zuviv cÖwZwbqZ Ggb me aviYv, wek¦vm ev K‡g© wjß n‡”Qb hv Zv‡`i
Bgvb‡K bó ev `ye©j K‡i w`‡”Q|
†Kb Ggb n‡”Q? †hLv‡b CgvbB g~j †mLv‡b Cgvb m¤ú‡K© bv †R‡b ev fvmv fvmv aviYv wb‡q wKfv‡e Avgiv gymjgvb
n‡Z cvwi?
Avgvi g‡b nq, †h †Kvb we‡eKevb cvVK Abyaveb Ki‡eb †h, Avgv‡`i G Ae¯’vi cwieZ©b Kiv DwPr| Avgv‡`i
DwPr Avgv‡`i `x‡bi g~j wK Zv fvjfv‡e Rvbv| wK‡m Avgv‡`i Cgvb `„p n‡e, wK‡m Cgvb bó n‡e Zv Avgv‡`i Rvbv
DwPr|
Avgiv Avgv‡`i wb‡R‡`i Ges mš—vb mš—wZi ˆ`wnK my¯’Zvi Rb¨ m‡Pó| G‡‡Î †Kvb eyw×gvb e¨w³ †jvKvPv‡ii
Dci wbf©i Ki‡eb bv| eis †Kvb we‡kl‡Ái Kv‡Q wM‡q A_ev G wel‡q mycwiwPZ we‡klÁ‡`i †jLv fvj I Z_¨ wbf©i eBcy¯—K-cwÎKv
c‡o Zuvi ¯^v‡¯’i Rb¨ m‡e©vËg wbqg Rvbvi I cvjb Kivi †Póv Ki‡eb| KLbB wZwb Aí wkwZ ev nvZz‡o
Kweiv‡Ri K_vgZ wb‡R‡K cwiPvwjZ Ki‡eb bv|
Abyiƒcfv‡e Avgiv Avgv‡`i abm¤ú‡`i iYv‡eY I Zvi e„wׇZ m‡Pó| G‡‡Î †Kvb e„w×gvb e¨w³B bv †R‡b
ey‡S †Kvb KvR Ki‡eb bv| wZwb †Kvb cÖK‡í A_© wewb‡qv‡Mi Av‡M mvwe©Kfv‡e wbwðZ nIqvi †Póv Ki‡eb †h, Zvi

g~jab †mLv‡b wbivc` _vK‡e Ges Zv e„w× cv‡e| Kv‡iv mZZv, wbôv, wek¦¯—Zv m¤ú‡K© cwic~Y© wbwðZ bv n‡q KLbB wZwb
Kv‡iv nv‡Z Zvi A_©m¤ú` Zz‡j †`‡eb bv, hZ jv‡fi †jvfB †m †`LvK bv †Kb| Dciš‘ Giƒc mr I wek¦¯— gvbylI
†Kv‡bvfv‡e †hb m¤ú` bó Ki‡Z bv cv‡i †mRb¨ wewfbœ ai‡bi kZ© wZwb Av‡ivc Ki‡eb Ges gv‡S gv‡SB m¤ú‡`i wnmve
wb‡eb|
wbtm‡›`‡n Avgv‡`i my¯’Zv, Avgv‡`i mš—vb-mš—wZi my¯’Zv Ges Avgv‡`i m¤ú‡`i iYv‡eY I Zvi Dbœqb Avgv‡`i
eo `vwqZ¡ Ges Avgv‡`i Rb¨ AZ¨š— cÖ‡qvRbxq| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i Cgv‡bi iYv‡eY Ges Zvi Dbœqb Avgv‡`i me‡P‡q eo
`vwqZ¡| Cgvb Avgv‡`i me‡P‡q eo m¤ú`, hvi Dci Avgv‡`i cvw_©e I cvi‡jŠwKK Rxe‡bi mKj Kj¨vY I gyw³ wbf©i
Ki‡Q| Cgv‡bi wZ n‡j Avgiv P~ovš— aŸsm I wZi g‡a¨ wbcwZZ ne| G m¤ú` iYv‡e‡Yi Rb¨ wK Avgv‡`i wKQ„y †Póv
Kiv DwPZ bq? GRb¨ wK mvgvb¨ wKQy mgq e¨q Kiv DwPZ bq?
m¤¢eZ Avgiv Abyfe KiwQ †h, Cgv‡bi Ávb AR©b Ki‡Z Avgv‡`i m‡Pó nIqv DwPZ| G Abyf‡ei wfwˇZB G eB
†jLv| evsjvi mijcÖvY fw³cÖeY gymwjg mgv‡Ri †KDB Bmjv‡gi †gŠwjK wek¦vm ev Cgvb m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z Awb”QyK bb| Zv
m‡Ë¡I G e¨vcv‡i Zv‡`i A‡b‡Ki AÁZv ev Rvbvi KgwZi KviY m¤¢eZ G wel‡q cÖ‡qvRbxq eB Gi Afve| wewfbœ eB‡q
Cgv‡bi wewfbœ wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ mvaviY cvV‡Ki Rb¨ Kg©Rxe‡bi ev¯—eZvi gv‡S wewfbœ eBcÎ we¯—vwiZ
covi mgq n‡q I‡V bv| d‡j Ggb GKwU eB‡qi cÖ‡qvRb Abyfe Kijvg hv‡Z Bmjvgx Cgvb-AvKx`vi mKj w`K LywUbvwU
Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e| G MÖ‡š’ G cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡bvi †Póv K‡iwQ|
1998 mv‡j †mŠw` Avi‡ei †jLvcov †kl K‡i †`‡k †divi c‡i Avgvi gynZvivg k¦ïi dzidzivi cxi Aveyj Avbmvi
gynv¤§v` Avãyj Kvn&nvi wmÏxKx (ivn) Avgv‡K we‡klfv‡e Aby‡iva K‡ib ZvInx`, wkiK, Rvj nv`xm BZ¨vw` wel‡q IqvR-
Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z Ges eB-cy¯—K iPbv Ki‡Z| ZuviB Drmv‡n 2000 mv‡j ÔKziAvb mybœvni Av‡jv‡K Bmjvgx AvKx`vÕ bv‡g eBwU
cÖKvk Kwi| ZLb Zvovûov K‡i ÔcÖ_g LÊÕ wn‡m‡e ïay ZvInx`, wimvjvZ I AviKvbyj Cgvb welqK Aa¨vq¸wj wj‡LwQjvg| ZLb
wPš—v wQj ÔwØZxq L‡ÊÕ wkiK, Kzdi, wbdvK, wdiKv BZ¨vw` wel‡q wjLe| cieZ©x‡Z Avi wØZxq LÊ cÖKvk Kiv nq wb| GLb cy‡iv
eBwU cybivq bZzb K‡i wj‡L mKj welq GK‡Î cÖKv‡ki wm×vš— wb‡qwQ|
eBwUi Av‡jvP¨ welq 6wU Aa¨v‡q wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖ_g Aa¨v‡q AvKx`v I cÖvmw½K cwifvlv¸wji cwiwPwZ,
Bmjvgx AvKx`vi ¸i“Z¡, Drm, wfwË I G welqK weåvwš— m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| wØZxq Aa¨v‡q ZvInx` I Zvi cÖKvi‡f`
Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi wimvjv‡Zi cÖwZ Cgv‡bi A_©, cÖK…wZ, kZ© I `vwqZ¡evwj Av‡jvPbv
K‡iwQ| PZz_© Aa¨v‡q AviKvbyj Cgv‡bi Aewkó welq¸wj Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÂg Aa¨v‡q wkiK, Kzdi, wbdvK,
G¸wji cÖKvi‡f`, KviY, †cÖvcU, gymwjg mgv‡R cÖPwjZ wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii wkiK, Kzdi BZ¨vw` wel‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| lô
Aa¨v‡q Bmjvgx AvKx`vi wel‡q gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ D×vweZ we`ÔAvZ I we`ÔAvZ wfwËK wdiKv, `j, Dc`j I Avnjym
mybœvZ I RvgvÔAv‡Zi cwiwPZ I g~jbxwZ e¨vL¨v K‡iwQ|
D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ AvKx`vi †‡Î A‡bK weZK© I gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q| G K_v A¯^xKvi Kivi Dcvq †bB †h, †h e¨w³
KziAvb Kvixg I mnxn nv`xm¸wj g‡bv‡hv‡Mi mv‡_ cvV Ki‡eb Ges cÖ_g wZb kZvãxi Avwjg‡`i †jLv eBcÎ, we‡klZ
cÖwm× Pvi Bgv‡gi †jLv cy¯—Kvw` c‡o AvKx`v wkL‡eb, Zvi AvKx`v Ges †h e¨w³ cieZ©x hy‡Mi, we‡klZ µz‡mW I ZvZvi
Avµg‡b gymwjg wek¦ wQbœwfbœ nIqvi c‡i- wnRix 7g kZ‡Ki c‡ii- Avwjg‡`i †jLv‡jwL c‡o AvKx`v wkL‡eb, Zvi
AvKx`vi g‡a¨ e¨vcK cv_©K¨ †`Lv hvq| Avevi G‡‡Î 7g kZ‡Ki AvKx`vi mv‡_ 13k kZ‡Ki AvKx`vi A‡bK cv_©K¨,
weeZ©b I cwieZ©b jYxq| mK‡jB KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Ô`jxjÕ cÖ`vb K‡ib| Z‡e cÖ_g e¨w³ KziAvb, nv`xm I cÖ_g
hy‡Mi Avwjg‡`i K_v‡KB g~j wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡ib Ges G¸wji AwZwi³ K_v ev gZvgZ AMÖnY‡hvM¨ e‡j MY¨ K‡ib|
cvš—‡i wØZxq e¨w³ g~jZ cieZ©x hy‡Mi Avwjg‡`i gZvgZ‡KB wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡ib Ges Zvi wfwˇZ KziAvb I
nv`x‡mi K_v MÖnY, eR©b ev e¨vL¨v K‡ib|
cyivZb I bZz‡bi G gZ‡f‡` cyivZ‡bi cÖwZ Avgvi AvKl©Y I `ye©jZv KL‡bvB †Mvcb Kwi bv| gvbeZvi gyw³i b~i
we”QzwiZ n‡q‡Q gnvb Avj­vni gnvb ivm~j gynv¤§v` (�) †_‡K| Zuvi G b~‡i cwic~Y© Av‡jvwKZ n‡q‡Qb mvnvexMY| cieZ©x
`y kZvãxi gvby‡liv Zuv‡`i b~i fvjfv‡e †c‡qwQ‡jb| mZ¨ I gyw³ †Zv cyivZb †m hy‡Mi cyivZb gvbyl‡`i‡K wN‡iB AvewZ©Z
nq| gZ‡f`xq wel‡q mKj c‡i gZB cwic~Y© fvjevmv I Avš—wiKZvi mv‡_ co‡Z †Póv K‡iwQ| Z‡e hviv g~jZB cieZ©x
hy‡Mi Avwjg‡`i e¨vL¨v, Zvdmxi ev gZvg‡Zi Dci wbf©i K‡i‡Qb, wKš‘ KziAvb I nv`x‡mi my¯úó I ب_©nxb e³e¨ ev
mvnvex-ZvweqxM‡Yi †Kv‡bv my¯úó gZvgZ †ck K‡ib wb Zuv‡`i gZvgZ MÖnY Ki‡Z cvwi wb, Zuv‡`i cÖwZ Mfxi kª×v‡eva
_vKv m‡Ë¡I|
Avgv‡`i wek¦vm †h, AvKx`vi wel‡q KziAvb I mybœvni ûeû AbymiY Ges mvnvex, Zvweqx, Zvwe-Zvweqx I cÖwm× Pvi
Bgv‡gi gZvg‡Zi evB‡i bv hvIqvB gywg‡bi bvRvZ I cÖkvwš—i c_| cÖ_g wZb gyeviK hy‡M ev cÖwm× Pvi Bgv‡gi hy‡M †h
mKj nv`xm cÖwmw× jvf K‡i‡Q, cÖwm× nv`x‡mi MÖ‡š’ msKwjZ n‡q‡Q Ges cÖwm× gynvwÏmMY mnxn e‡j MÖnY K‡i‡Qb †m¸wji
Dc‡iB wbf©i Ki‡Z n‡e| cieZ©x hy‡M msKwjZ AcÖwm×, Mixe, hqxd BZ¨vw` nv`x‡mi Dci wbf©iZv eR©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
G¸wj‡K dhxj‡Zi wel‡q †KD eY©bv Ki‡jI †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB G¸wj AvKx`vi Drm bq| KziAv‡bi Zvdmxi, nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨v
4

I AvKx`v welqK Ab¨vb¨ gZvg‡Zi †‡ÎI GKB K_v| mnxn mb‡` Zuv‡`i †_‡K G mKj wel‡q hv ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Zvi g‡a¨
mxgve× _vK‡Z n‡e Ges G mKj wel‡q Zuviv hv e‡jb wb Zv eR©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
GRb¨ G eB‡qi g~j wfwË KziAvb Kvixg I mnxn nv`xm| KziAvb I nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vi Rb¨ mvnvex, Zvweqx I
CgvgM‡Yi gZvg‡Zi Dc‡i wbf©i K‡iwQ| Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi AvKx`v e¨vL¨vi Rb¨ g~jZ mvnvexMY Ges
Zuv‡`i c‡i Zvweqx I Zvwe-Zvweqx hy‡Mi AvwjgM‡Yi cÖgvwYZ weï× gZvgZ Ges Pvi Bgv‡gi wjwLZ cy¯—Kvw`i Dci wbf©i
K‡iwQ| we‡klZ Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn)-Gi †jLv ÔAvj-wdKûj AvKeviÕ Ges Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) I Zuvi m½x‡`i
AvKx`v e¨vL¨vq Bgvg Zvnvex (ivn)ÑGi †jLv ÔAvKx`vZz Avnwjm mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvZÕ bvgK cy¯—‡Ki Dci wbf©i K‡iwQ|
gnvb Avj­vni ingZ I ZvIwdKB Avgv‡`i GKgvÎ m¤^j| G eB †jLvi ïi“ †_‡K †kl ch©š— me©`v Avj­vni
`iev‡i KvZi AvKzwZ Rvwb‡qwQ, †hb wZwb `qv K‡i mwVKfv‡e KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wkv eySvi I eySv‡bvi ZvIwdK `vb
K‡ib| mva¨gZ †Póv K‡iwQ mwVK I mRn‡eva¨ Av‡jvPbvi| wKš‘ †h †Kvb gvbexq K‡g© fzj _vKv ¯^vfvweK| Avi Avgvi
gZ A‡hvM¨ e¨w³i fyj e¨vcK nIqvB ¯^vfvweK|
ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb: ÔÔci¯ú‡i bmxnZB Øxb|ÕÕ ZvB Avgiv GKvš—fv‡e Avkv Kie †h, †Kv‡bv cvVK G eB‡q †Kv‡bv
cÖKvi fvlvMZ, Z_¨MZ ev gZvg‡Zi fzj †`L‡Z †c‡j †hb AbyMÖn c~e©K Zv †jLK‡K ev cÖKvkK‡K Rvbvb| Avgiv Avgv‡`i
Ac~Y©Zv m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb Ges fzj ms‡kva‡b AvMÖnx| G eB‡qi †Kv‡bv wel‡q Avcwb wØgZ †cvlY Ki‡j Avgv‡`i‡K Rvbvb|
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Avgv‡`i g‡Zi fzj aiv co‡j Avgiv Zv ZvrwYK fv‡e ¯^xKvi K‡i †be| Avj­vn I Zuvi wcÖq
ivm~‡ji (�) wkvi AbymiY KivB Avgv‡`i GKgvÎ D‡Ïk¨| fzj Kiv ¯^vfvweK, Z‡e fzj‡K AuvK‡o a‡i _vKv Ab¨vq| Avgiv
Giƒc Ab¨v‡qi g‡a¨ wjß nIqv †_‡K Avj­vni Kv‡Q Avkªq cÖv_©bv KiwQ|
Av‡MB e‡jwQ, Avgvi k¦ïi dzidzivi cxi Aveyj Avbmvi wmÏxKx (ivn)-Gi Drmv‡n I †cÖiYvq G eB wjL‡Z ïi“
K‡iwQjvg| Avgvi mKj †jLv‡jwLi Rb¨ †cÖiYvi Ab¨Zg Drm wQ‡jb wZwb| †Kv‡bv gvby‡li w`‡K bv ZvwK‡q †KejgvÎ gnvb
Avj­ni mš‘wói w`‡K ZvwK‡q mZ¨‡K MÖnY I ejvi †‡Î Av‡cvlnxb n‡Z †cÖiYv w`‡q‡Qb wZwb| Zuvi gnvb i‡eŸi Wv‡K mvov
w`‡q MZ eQi G mg‡q wZwb Avgv‡`i‡K †Q‡o P‡j wM‡q‡Qb| gnvb Avj­vni `iev‡i `yÔAv Kwi, wZwb Zuv‡K gv K‡ib, ingZ
K‡ib, Avgv‡`i c †_‡K Zuv‡K m‡e©vËg cÖwZ`vb cÖ`vb K‡ib, wdi`vD‡mi †gngvb wn‡m‡e Zuv‡K Keyj K‡ib Ges Zuvi mš—
vbMYmn Avgv‡`i mKj‡K ZvInx` I mybœv‡Zi Dci AwePj _vKvi ZvIdxK `vb K‡ib|
`yÔAv Kwi, gnvb Avj­vn `qv K‡i G eBwU Keyj K‡ib, G‡K †jL‡Ki, Zvi wcZvgvZv I cwiev‡ii, cvVK‡`i Ges mKj
ïfvKv•Lxi bvRv‡Zi Iwmjv K‡i †`b| mKj cÖksmv ZuviB| mvjvZ I mvjvg Zuvi gnvb ivm~j (�), Zuvi cwievi-cwiRb,
mvnvexMY I AbymvixM‡Yi Rb¨|
Avãyj­vn Rvnv½xi
5

m~PxcÎ
cÖ_g Aa¨vq: cwiwPwZ, Drm I ¸i“Z¡ /21-78
1. 1. Cgvb, AvKx`v I Ab¨vb¨ cwifvlv /21
1. 1. 1. Cgvb I Bmjvg /22
1. 1. 2. Avj-wdKûj AvKevi /26
1. 1. 3. BjgyZ ZvInx` /26
1. 1. 4. Avm-mybœvn /26
1. 1. 5. Avk-kvixÔAvn /28
1. 1. 6. Dm~jyÏxb ev Dm~jywÏqvbvn /28
1. 1. 7. AvKx`v /28
1. 1. 8. Bjgyj Kvjvg /30
1. 2. Bmjvgx AvKx`vi Drm /32
1. 2. 1. wek¦vm ebvg Ávb /32
1. 2. 2. Cgvbx Áv‡bi GKgvÎ Drm Inx /33
1. 2. 3. Z‡_¨i weï×Zv wbY©q I Áv‡bi cÖKvi‡f` /40
1. 2. 4. Inxi cÖKvi‡f`: KziAvb I nv`xm /44
1. 2. 4. 1. KziAvb gvRx` /44
1. 2. 4. 2. nv`xm ev mybœv‡Z ivm~j (�) /46
1. 2. 4. 2. 1. cwiPq I msÁv /46
1. 2. 4. 2. 2. mnxn nv`xm ebvg hqxd nv`xm /48
1. 2. 4. 2. 3. gyZvIqvwZi ebvg Avnv` nv`xm /51
1. 2. 4. 2. 4. mnxn nv`x‡mi Drm /55
1. 2. 5. mvnvex, Zvweqx I Zvwe-ZvweqxM‡Yi gZvgZ /58
1. 2. 6. Dr‡mi weåvwš— ebvg wek¦v‡mi wePz¨wZ /62
1. 2. 6. 1. Inx A¯^xKvi Kiv /62
1. 2. 6. 2. Inx‡K AKvh©Ki Kiv /63
1. 2. 6. 3. †jvKvPvi, mvgvwRK cÖPjb ev e¨w³MZ cQ›` /63
1. 2. 6. 4. Inxi Zvdmxi I Inx wfwËK hyw³ /64
1. 2. 6. 5. ag©¸i“MY ev AvwjgM‡Yi gZvgZ /68
1. 2. 6. 6. gvbexq Ávb-eyw× I hyw³-wKqvm /70
1. 3. Bmjvgx AvKx`vi ¸i“Z¡ /73
1. 3. 1. weï× Cgv‡bi ¸i“Z¡ /73
1. 3. 2. Cgvb webóKvix welqvw` m¤ú‡K© Ávbjv‡fi ¸i“Z¡ /75
1. 3. 3. weåvwš—Ki AvKx`v m¤ú‡K© ÁvbvR©‡bi ¸i“Z¡ /76
1. 4. AvKx`v welqK MÖš’vewj /77
wØZxq Aa¨vq: ZvInx‡`i Cgvb /79-114
2. 1. AviKvbyj Cgvb /79
2. 2. Avj­vni cÖwZ Cgvb /81
2. 3. ZvInx‡`i A_© I msÁv /82
2. 4. ZvInx‡`i cÖKvi‡f` /84
2. 4. 1. Ávb ch©v‡qi ZvInx` /86
2. 4. 1. 1. m„wó I cÖwZcvj‡bi GKZ¡ /86
2. 4. 1. 2. AwaKvsk Kvwdi G ch©v‡qi ZvInx` wek¦vm KiZ /87
2. 4. 1. 3. bvg I ¸bvewji GKZ¡ /91
2. 4. 1. 4. G ch©v‡qi ZvInx‡` Kvwdi‡`i wKQz AvcwË wQj /91
2. 4. 1. 5. bvg I ¸Yvewji ZvInx‡`i wewfbœ wdiKvi weåvwš— /93
2. 4. 2. Kg© ch©v‡qi GKZ¡ ev Bev`‡Zi GKZ¡ /93
2. 4. 2. 1. Bev`‡Zi cwiPq I msÁv /93
2. 4. 2. 2. Bev`‡Zi cÖKvi‡f` /95
2. 4. 2. 3. ZvInx`yj Bev`v‡Zi A_© /95
2. 4. 3. Dfq ch©v‡qi ZvInx` Awe‡”Q`¨ /98
6

2. 4. 4. ZvInx`yi i“e~weq¨vni `vwe ZvInx`yj Bev`vZ /98
2. 4. 5. ZvInx`yj Bev`v‡ZB Kvwdi‡`i AvcwË /102
2. 4. 6. Kvwdi‡`i AvcwËi KviY /107
2. 4. 7. Bev`‡Zi ZvInx`B mKj bex-ivm~‡ji `vIÔAvZ /112
2. 4. 8. ZvInx`B KziAv‡bi g~j Av‡jvPbv /113
Z…Zxq Aa¨vq : wimvjv‡Zi Cgvb /115-240
3. 1. wimvjv‡Zi mv¨ /115
3. 1. 1. kvnv`v‡Zi wZbwU kã /115
3. 1. 2. gynv¤§v` (�) /115
3. 1. 2. 1. †`k I esk /116
3. 1. 2. 2. Rb¥ /116
3. 1. 2. 3. ˆkke I ˆKki /118
3. 1. 2. 4. weevn I byeyIqvZ-c~e© Rxeb /119
3. 1. 2. 5. byeyIqvZ I gv°x Rxeb /120
3. 1. 2. 6. g`xbvq wnRiZ I gv`vbx Rxeb /123
3. 1. 2. 7. me©‡kl ImxqZ I IdvZ /124
3. 1. 2. 8. AvqvZ I gywRhv /129
3. 1. 2. 9. AvK…wZ I cÖK…wZ /133
3. 1. 3. Ave&`yû /135
3. 1. 4. ivm~jyû /137
3. 2. wimvjv‡Zi wek¦v‡mi A_© /138
3. 2. 1. Zuvi byeyIqvZ I wimvjvZ /139
3. 2. 2. Zuvi byeIqv‡Zi me©RbxbZv /139
3. 2. 3. LvZgyb byeyIqvZ ev byeyIqv‡Zi mgvwß /142
3. 2. 4. Zuvi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi cwic~Y©Zv /147
3. 2. 5. Zuvi wkvi wbf©yjZv /149
3. 2. 6. Zuvi AvbyMZ¨ /152
3. 2. 7. Zuvi AbyKiY /154
3. 2. 8. AbyKi‡Yi e¨wZµg Cgvb weaŸsmx /155
3. 2. 9. Zuvi fvjevmv /164
3. 2. 10. Zuvi Avnjy evBZ I mvnvexMY /166
3. 2. 10. 1. Avnjy evBZ /166
3. 2. 10. 2. mvnvexMY /167
3. 2. 11. Zuvi gh©v`v I m¤§vb /171
3. 2. 12. Zuvi gh©v`vi wel‡q Inxi AbymiY /177
3. 2. 12. 1. Zuvi gvbeZ¡ ebvg A‡jŠwKKZ¡ welqK weZK© /183
3. 2. 12. 2. Zuvi Bjg welqK weZK© /196
3. 2. 12. 3. nvwhi-bvwhi cÖm½ /207
3. 2. 12. 4. Zuvi IdvZ welqK weZK© /220
3. 2. 12. 5. Zuvi `vwqZ¡ I gZv welqK weZK© /225
PZz_© Aa¨vq: AviKvbyj Cgvb /241-352
4. 1. Avj­vni cÖwZ Cgvb /241
4. 2. gvjvBKvi cÖwZ Cgvb /241
4. 2. 1. gvjvK: A_© I cwiPq /241
4. 2. 2. gvjvKM‡Yi cÖwZ Cgv‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv /242
4. 2. 3. gvjvKM‡Yi cÖwZ Cgv‡bi g~jbxwZ /242
4. 2. 4. gvjvKM‡Yi cÖwZ Cgv‡bi mvaviY A_© /243
4. 2. 5. gvjvKM‡Yi Aw¯—‡Z¡ wek¦vm /243
4. 2. 6. gvjvKM‡Yi bv‡g wek¦vm /243
4. 2. 7. gvjvKM‡Yi AvK„wZ-cÖK…wZ‡Z wek¦vm /246
4. 2. 7. 1. gvjvKMY gvby‡li c~‡e© m„ó /246
4. 2. 7. 2. gvjvKMY Avj­vni m¤§vwbZ I AbyMZ ev›`v /247
7

4. 2. 7. 3. gvjvKMY b~‡ii ˆZwi /247
4. 2. 7. 4. gvjvKM‡Yi AvK…wZ /248
4. 2. 7. 5. AvK…wZ cwieZ©b I aviY /250
4. 2. 8. gvjvKM‡Yi Kg© I `vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© wek¦vm /251
4. 2. 8. 1. Avj­vni mve©wYK Bev`Z I Zvmexn /251
4. 2. 8. 2. Kg©wbe©vn I Kg©eÈb /252
4. 2. 8. 3. Inx †cuŠQv‡bv /252
4. 2. 8. 4. gvby‡li iYv‡eY /253
4. 2. 8. 5. gvbyl‡K Kj¨vY-K‡g© Drmvn cÖ`vb /253
4. 2. 8. 6. gywgb‡`i Rb¨ `yÔAv Kiv /253
4. 2. 8. 7. gvby‡li Kg© wjwce× Kiv /254
4. 2. 8. 8. g„Zz¨i mgq AvZ¥vMÖnY /255
4. 2. 8. 9. Avik enb Kiv /255
4. 2. 8. 10. Ab¨vb¨ Kg© /256
4. 2. 9. gvjvKMY welqK weåvwš— /256
4. 2. 9. 1. `vwqZ¡ ebvg gZv /257
4. 2. 9. 2. m¤úK© I mycvwik /258
4. 2. 10. gvjvKM‡Y wek¦v‡mi Kj¨vY /260
4. 3. Avj­vni MÖš’mg~‡n wek¦vm /261
4. 3. 1. Avj­vn hy‡M hy‡M bex-ivm~jMY‡K wKZve w`‡q‡Qb /261
4. 3. 2. Rvbv I ARvbv wKZve /263
4. 3. 3. cÖwm× wZb wKZve /263
4. 3. 4. gnvMÖš’ Avj-KziAvb /270
4. 3. 4. 1. A‡jŠwKKZ¡ /271
4. 3. 4. 2. msiY /272
4. 3. 4. 3. mve©RbxbbZv /277
4. 3. 4. 4. c~e©eZx© Mªš’mg~‡ni iwnZKiY /279
4. 3. 4. 5. gyw³i GKgvÎ w`kvix /279
4. 3. 5. Avj­vni †cÖwiZ MÖš’mg~‡n wek¦v‡mi Kj¨vY /284
4. 4. ivm~jM‡Yi cÖwZ Cgvb /285
4. 4. 1. Avj­vni Acvi Ki“Yv /285
4. 4. 2. bex I ivm~j /285
4. 4. 3. bex ivm~jM‡Yi msL¨v /288
4. 4. 4. bex-ivm~jM‡Yi bvg /290
4. 4. 5. bex-ivm~jM‡Yi Rxeb-e„Ëvš— /291
4. 4. 6. bex-ivm~jMY Avj­vni ev›`v, gvbyl I cyi“l wQ‡jb /292
4. 4. 7. mKj bex-ivm~‡ji `vIÔAvZ GK /294
4. 4. 8. BmgvZzj Avw¤^qv /295
4. 4. 9. gywRhv, KvivgvZ I BmwZ`ivR /299
4. 4. 9. 1. AvqvZ I gywRhv /299
4. 4. 9. 2. KvivgvZzj AvIwjqv /303
4. 4. 9. 3. BmwZ`ivR /307
4. 4. 10. wek¦vm I kª×vi mgZv ebvg gh©v`vi cv_©K¨ /309
4. 5. AvwLiv‡Zi cÖwZ Cgvb /310
4. 5. 1. AvwLiv‡Z wek¦v‡mi ¸i“Z¡ /310
4. 5. 2. AvwLivZ wel‡q mvaviY wek¦vm /311
4. 5. 3. Ke‡ii Avhve /312
4. 5. 4. aŸsm I cybi“Ìvb I nvk&i /314
4. 5. 5. wnmve I cÖwZdj /315
4. 5. 6. gxhvb /316
4. 5. 7. wmivZ /317
4. 5. 8. nvDh /319
4. 5. 9. kvdvÔAvZ /321
8

4. 5. 9. 1. KziAvb Kvix‡g kvdvÔAvZ /322
4. 5. 9. 2. nv`xm kix‡d kvdvÔAvZ /327
4. 5. 10. RvbœvZ I Rvnvbœg /328
4. 5. 11. AvwLiv‡Z Avj­vni `k©b /330
4. 5. 12. wKqvgv‡Zi c~e©vfvmmg~n /334
4. 5. 12. 1. wKqvg‡Zi mgq GKgvÎ Avj­vnB Rv‡bb /334
4. 5. 12. 2. wKqvg‡Zi AvjvgZ ev c~e©vfvm /335
4. 5. 12. 3. AvjvgvZ myMiv /336
4. 5. 12. 4. AvjvgvZ Kzeiv /337
4. 6. ZvK`x‡ii wek¦vm /339
4. 6. 1. ZvK`x‡i wek¦v‡mi A_© /339
4. 6. 2. ZvK`x‡i wek¦v‡mi welqvewj /340
4. 6. 2. 1. Avj­vni Abvw`, Abš— I me©e¨vcx Áv‡b wek¦vm /340
4. 6. 2. 2. Avj­vni wjL‡b wek¦vm /340
4. 6. 2. 3. Avj­vni B”Qvq wek¦vm /342
4. 6. 2. 4. Avj­vni m„wó‡Z wek¦vm /343
4. 6. 2. 5. gvby‡li ¯^vaxb B”Qv I Kg©d‡j wek¦vm /344
4. 6. 3. ZvK`x‡ii wek¦v‡mi weK…wZ /345
4. 6. 4. Bmjvgx ZvK¡`x‡i wek¦v‡mi ¸i“Z¡ I DcKvwiZv /347
cÂg Aa¨vq: Awek¦vm I weåvwš— /353-522
5. 1. Kzd&i /353
5. 1. 1. A_© I cwiwPwZ /353
5. 1. 2. Kzd&i AvK&evi I Kzd&i Avm&Mvi /354
5. 1. 3. Kzd&i AvKevi-Gi cÖKvi‡f` /354
5. 1. 3. 1. ÔcÖwZcvj‡bi GK‡Z¡Õ Awek¦vm /355
5. 1. 3. 2. bvg I ¸Yvewji GK‡Z¡ Awek¦vm /355
5. 1. 3. 3. Bev`‡Zi GK‡Z¡ Awek¦vm /355
5. 1. 3. 4. gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi wimvjv‡Z Awek¦vm/356
5. 1. 3. 5. mš‘wó I Amš‘wói Kzd&i /357
5. 1. 4. Kzd&i AvKevi-Gi wewfbœ cÖKvk /360
5. 1. 4. 1. Kzd&i ZvKhxe ev wg_¨v ejvi Kzdi /360
5. 1. 4. 2. Kzd&i BmwZKevi ev An¼v‡ii Awek¦vm /361
5. 1. 4. 3. Kzd&i“ kv° ev m‡›`‡ni Awek¦vm /361
5. 1. 4. 4. Kzd&i BÕivh ev AeÁvi Kzd&i /362
5. 1. 4. 5. Kzd&i“ wbdvK ev gybwdKxi Kzdi /362
5. 1. 5. wbdvK: cwiwPwZ I cÖKvi‡f` /362
5. 1. 5. 1. wek¦v‡mi wbdvK /363
5. 1. 5. 2. K‡g©i wbdvK /363
5. 1. 6. Kzd&i Avm&Mvi ev z`ªZi Awek¦vm /364
5. 2. wkiK /366
5. 2. 1. A_© I cwiwPwZ /366
5. 2. 2. wki‡Ki nvKxKZ /368
5. 2. 3. wki‡Ki cÖKvi‡f` /371
5. 2. 3. 1. ZvInx‡`i ˆecix‡Z¨ wki‡Ki cÖKvi‡f` /371
5. 2. 3. 1. 1. cÖwZcvj‡bi wkiK& /371
5. 2. 3. 1. 2. bvg I ¸Yvewji wki&K /371
5. 2. 3. 1. 3. Bev`‡Zi wkiK /372
5. 2. 3. 2. wki&K Avm&Mvi /372
5. 2. 3. 2. 1. wiqv ev cÖ`k©‡b”Qv /372
5. 2. 3. 2. 2. Imxjv-DcKiY welqK wkiK /374
5. 2. 3. 2. 3. Avj­vni mgK ÁvcK evK¨ ejv /376
5. 2. 3. 2. 4. ÔMvBi“j­vnÕi bv‡g kc_ Kiv /381
5. 2. 3. 2. 5. Aïf, AhvÎv ev Ag½‡j wek¦vm Kiv /382
5. 2. 3. 2. 6. fwel¨ØvYx ev fvM¨e³vi K_vq wek¦vm Kiv /383
9

10
5. 2. 3. 2. 7. iwk, Zvweh BZ¨vw` e¨envi Kiv /384
5. 2. 3. 2. 8. KvD‡K ÔkvnvbkvnÕ ejv /387
5. 2. 3. 2. 9. KvD‡K iveŸ ev Ave&` ejv /388
5. 3. wkiK cÖwZ‡iv‡a KziAvb I mybœvn /389
5. 3. 1. gykwiKM‡Yi cwiwPwZ /390
5. 3. 1. 1. †R¨vwZwl, cÖK…wZc~Rvix ev bÎ c~RvwiMY /390
5. 3. 1. 2. gykwiKMY /390
5. 3. 1. 3. L„÷vbMY /391
5. 3. 1. 4. Kei c~RvwiMY /393
5. 3. 2. wkiKx Kg©mg~‡ni weeiY /394
5. 3. 2. 1. cÖwZcvj‡bi wkiK /394
5. 3. 2. 1. 1. cÖK…wZevw`Zv ev Roevw`Zv /394
5. 3. 2. 1. 2. Avj­vni mv‡_ AvZ¥xqZvi `vwe /395
5. 3. 2. 1. 3. Avj­vni Bjgyj MvB‡e wkiK /395
5. 3. 2. 2. Bev`‡Zi wkiK /397
5. 3. 2. 2. 1. MvBi“j­vni mvR`v /397
5. 3. 2. 2. 2. MvBi“j­vni Rb¨ DrmM© RevB gvbZ /398
5. 3. 2. 2. 3. MvBi“j­vn‡K WvKv ev ÎvY cÖv_©bv /400
5. 3. 2. 2. 4. MvBi“j­vni Dci ZvIqv°zj ev wbf©iZv /404
5. 3. 2. 2. 5. fq I Avkvi wkiK /406
5. 3. 2. 2. 6. fvjevmvi wkiK /408
5. 3. 2. 2. 7. AvbyM‡Z¨i wkiK /409
5. 3. 2. 2. 8. n¾ ev whqvi‡Zi wki&K /415
5. 3. 2. 2. 9. Zvevi&i“‡Ki wkiK /415
5. 3. 3. wki‡Ki KviY e¨vL¨v Kiv /417
5. 3. 3. 1. we‡kl ev›`vM‡Yi fw³ welqK weåvwš— /418
5. 3. 3. 2. we‡kl ev›`v‡`i mycvwik welqK weåvwš— /419
5. 3. 3. 3. kqZv‡bi cÖZviYv /421
5. 3. 3. 4. weåvš— e¨w³‡`i AÜ-AbymiY /423
5. 3. 3. 5. †bZ…e„‡›`i AÜ AvbyMZ¨ /424
5. 3. 3. 6. Bev`‡Zi A_© m¤ú‡K© weåvwš— /425
5. 3. 4. wki‡Ki A‡hŠw³KZv e¨vL¨v Kiv /427
5. 3. 4. 1. whwb GKgvÎ iveŸ wZwbB GKgvÎ Bjvn /427
5. 3. 4. 2. gvbyl Zvi `vm‡K gZvi kixK evbvq bv /428
5. 3. 4. 3. gZv Avj­vni Kv‡RB A‡b¨i Bev`Z †Kb? /429
5. 3. 4. 4. Avj­vn †Kv‡bv ev›`v‡K gZv w`‡q‡Qb Zvi cÖgvY wK? /429
5. 3. 4. 5. Avj­vn KvD‡K †Kv‡bviƒc gZv cÖ`vb K‡ib wb /430
5. 3. 4. 6. m„wói GKZ¡ Bev`‡Zi GKZ¡ cÖgvY K‡i /432
5. 3. 4. 7. G mKj Dcvm¨ DcvmK‡`i Wv‡K mvov †`q bv /433
5. 3. 4. 8. gvwjK‡K †i‡L PvKi‡K gve~` evbv‡bv P~ovš— †evKvwg /434
5. 3. 4. 9. gnvb Avj­vn‡K m„wói mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv hvq bv /435
5. 3. 4. 10. Avj­vni gvne~e ev›`viv gykwiK‡`i Dci Amš‘ó /435
5. 3. 4. 11. gykwiKMY †bKKviM‡Yi kvdvÔAvZ cv‡e bv /437
5. 3. 4. 12. AÜ Av‡e‡M we‡e‡Ki `vwe A¯^xKv‡ii cwiYwZ /439
5. 3. 5. wki‡Ki fqen cwiYwZ e¨vL¨v Kiv /441
5. 3. 5. 1. fq¼iZg cvc /441
5. 3. 5. 2. Kzdi-wki‡Ki cvc Avj­vn gv K‡ib bv /441
5. 3. 5. 3. wkiK-Kzdi mKj †bK Kg© aŸsm K‡i /442
5. 3. 5. 4. wkiK-Kzdi Rvnvbœv‡gi Abš— kvw¯—i KviY /443
5. 3. 6. wki‡Ki Drm-mg~n eÜ Kiv /444
5. 3. 6. 1. gnvb Avj­vni wel‡q Ae-aviYv †iva Kiv /444
5. 3. 6. 2. wdwikZvMY m¤ú‡K© AwZfw³ †iva Kiv /445
5. 3. 6. 3. bex-ivm~jM‡Yi wel‡q AwZfw³ †iva Kiv /445
5. 3. 6. 4. IjxMY m¤ú‡K© AwZfw³ †iva Kiv /445
5. 3. 6. 5. gywZ©, Qvwe, Kei ev ¯§„wZgq `ªe¨ /448

11
5. 4. gymwjg mgv‡R wki&K cÖ‡e‡ki †cÖvcU /450
5. 4. 1. gymwjg mgv‡R wki‡Ki AbycÖ‡ek welqK fwel¨ØvYx /450
5. 4. 2. Bn~`x lohš¿ I kxqv gZev` /452
5. 4. 3. Cgv‡bi Dr‡mi wePz¨wZ I AwZfw³ /453
5. 4. 4. GKRb kxqv Avwj‡gi Awfe¨w³ /454
5. 4. 5. wkiK‡K ˆeaZv `v‡bi cÖeYZv /457
5. 4. 6. mybœvZB bvRv‡Zi GKgvÎ mywbwðZ c_ /460
5. 4. 7. kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn gynvwÏm †`njexi AwfgZ /460
5. 5. gymwjg mgv‡R cÖPwjZ wkiK-Kzdi /462
5. 5. 1. i“e~weq¨v‡Zi wkiK /462
5. 5. 1. 1. gZv welqK wkiK /463
5. 5. 1. 2. Bjg welqK wkiK /466
5. 5. 1. 3. Imxjv welqK wkiK /467
5. 5. 1. 3. 1. KziAvb I nv`x‡mi fvlvq Imxjv /468
5. 5. 1. 3. 2. `yÔAvi g‡a¨ Imxjv /470
5. 5. 1. 3. 3. cxi-gvkvB‡Li Imxjv /479
5. 5. 1. 4. Avj­vni ûKzg cÖ`v‡bi gZvq wkiK /484
5. 5. 1. 4. 1. cvc‡K ˆea e‡j wek¦vm Kiv /484
5. 5. 1. 4. 2. Avj­vni wb‡`©‡ki mgv‡jvPbv ev Dcnvm /484
5. 5. 1. 4. 3. Avj­vni wb‡`©k Agv‡b¨i ˆeaZvq wek¦vm /485
5. 5. 2. Bev`v‡Zi wkiK /487
5. 5. 2. 1. MvBi“j­vni Rb¨ mvR`v /491
5. 5. 2. 2. MvBi“j­vni Rb¨ ZvIqvd /497
5. 5. 2. 3. MvBi“j­vn‡K WvKv ev A‡jŠwKK cÖv_©bv /498
5. 5. 2. 4. MvBi“j­vni Rb¨ gvbZ-bhi ev DrmM© /500
5. 5. 2. 5. Zvevi&i“K welqK wkiK /504
5. 5. 2. 6. ZvIqv°zj, AvbyMZ¨ I fvjevmvi wkiK /511
5. 5. 3. wki‡Ki †mKvj I GKvj /513
5. 6. Kzd&i ebvg ZvKdxi /517
5. 6. 1. ZvKdxi ev Cgv‡bi `vwe`vi‡K Kvwdi ejv /517
5. 6. 2. Cgv‡bi `vwe`vi‡K Kvwdi ejvi wb‡lavÁv /518
5. 6. 3. ZvKdx‡ii g~jbxwZ /521
lô Aa¨vq: we`ÔAvZ I wefw³ /523-630
6. 1. we`ÔAv‡Zi cwiPq /523
6. 1. 1. Awfav‡b we`ÔAvZ /523
6. 1. 2. KziAvb Kvix‡g we`ÔAvZ /525
6. 1. 3. nv`x‡m beex‡Z we`ÔAvZ /525
6. 1. 4. mvnvex-ZvweqxM‡Yi e³‡e¨ we`ÔAvZ /529
6. 1. 5. we`ÔAv‡Zi DrcwË I µgweKvk /535
6. 1. 6. mybœvZ I we`ÔAvZ: Zzjbv I cv_©K¨ /536
6. 2. BdwZivK I BLwZjvd /541
6. 2. 1. BdwZivK /541
6. 2. 2. BdwZivK ebvg BLwZjvd /542
6. 3. KziAvb-mybœvni Av‡jv‡K BdwZivK /543
6. 3. 1. c~e©eZ©x D¤§vZ‡`i g‡a¨ BdwZivK /543
6. 3. 2. gymwjg D¤§vni BdwZivK /545
6. 3. 3. BdwZiv‡Ki KviY /551
6. 3. 3. 1. Inx fy‡j hvIqv /551
6. 3. 3. 2. nvIqv ev gbMov g‡Zi AbymiY /553
6. 3. 3. 3. wnsmv-we‡Øl /554
6. 3. 3. 4. mybœvZ †_‡K wePz¨wZ /556
6. 3. 3. 5. hv Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv nq wb Zv Kiv /557

12
6. 3. 3. 6. Ab¨vb¨ RvwZ Øviv cÖfvweZ nIqv /558
6. 3. 3. 7. gynKvg †i‡L gyZvkvwen AbymiY /558
6. 3. 3. 8. Kg©nxb ZvwË¡K weZK© I Inxi g‡a¨ ˆecixZ¨ mÜvb /559
6. 4. wefw³i ¯^iƒc I weåvwš—i welqvw` /560
6. 4. 1. BdwZiv‡Ki †cÖvcU /560
6. 4. 2. ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi eskai‡`i fvjevmv I gh©v`v /562
6. 4. 3. Cgv‡bi msÁv I cvcxi Cgvb /563
6. 4. 4. ivóª-e¨e¯’v I BgvgZ /564
6. 4. 5. ZvK`xi ebvg gvby‡li ¯^vaxb B”Qv /565
6. 4. 6. Avj­vni we‡klY: wek¦vm, Awek¦vm I e¨vL¨v /565
6. 4. 7. weåvš— wdiKvmg~‡ni ˆewkó¨ /567
6. 5. Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi cwiPq /568
6. 5. 1. Avnj /569
6. 5. 2. mybœvZ /569
6. 5. 2. 1. mybœv‡Zi A_© I cwiPq /569
6. 5. 2. 2. BwËev‡q mybœv‡Zi ¸i“Z¡ /569
6. 5. 2. 3. mybœvZym mvnvev /570
6. 5. 2. 4. Kg© I eR©‡bi mybœvZ /570
6. 5. 2. 5. ûeû AbyKiY /575
6. 5. 3. Avj-RvgvÔAvZ /576
6. 5. 3. 1. A_© I cwiwPwZ /576
6. 5. 3. 2. ivóªxq I mvgvwRK HK¨ A‡_© Avj-RvgvÔAvZ /577
6. 5. 3. 3. mvnvexMYB g~j RvgvÔAvZ /580
6. 5. 4. gZ‡f`xq wel‡q Avnjym mybœv‡Zi g~jbxwZ /582
6. 5. 4. 1. BdvwZivK I wefw³i welqvw` /582
6. 5. 4. 2. Avnj~m mybœv‡Zi Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi g~jbxwZ /585
6. 5. 4. 2. 1. AvKx`vi Drm wel‡q g~jbxwZ /585
6. 5. 4. 2. 2. Avj­vni bvg I we‡klY wel‡q g~jbxwZ /587
6. 5. 4. 2. 3. wimvjvZ I wejvqvZ wel‡q g~jbxwZ /590
6. 5. 4. 2. 4. cvcx gywgb welqK g~jbxwZ /594
6. 5. 4. 2. 5. ivóª I bvMwiK welqK gyjbxwZ /594
6. 5. 4. 2. 6. HK¨ I wefw³ welqK gyjbxwZ /597
6. 5. 5. Avnjym mybœv‡Zi AvKx`v e¨vL¨vq BgvgMY /599
6. 5. 6. kvBL Avãyj Kvw`i Rxjvbxi bmxnZ /602
6. 6. weåvš— `j-Dc`jmg~n /603
6. 6. 1. wdiKvi msL¨v I 73 wdiKv /604
6. 6. 2. cÖwm× wdiKvmg~n /605
6. 6. 3. kxqv wdiKv /605
6. 6. 3. 1.DrcwË I g~jbxwZ /605
6. 6. 3. 2. Øv`k-Bgvgcš’x kxqvMY /609
6. 6. 3. 3. BmgvCjxqv evwZbxq¨vn kxqvMY /611
6. 6. 3. 4. hvBw`q¨vn kxqvMY /614
6. 6. 4. LvwiRx wdiKv /615
6. 6. 4. 1. DrcwË I BwZnvm /615
6. 6. 4. 2. AvKx`v I g~jbxwZ /619
6. 6. 4. 3. AvaywbK hy‡M LvwiRxMY /620
6. 6. 5. Ab¨vb¨ wdiKv /623
6. 6. 5. 1. gyiwRq¨vn /624
6. 6. 5. 2. Kv`vwiq¨vn /625
6. 6. 5. 3. Rvevwiqvn /626
6. 6. 5. 4. Rvnwgq¨vn /626
6. 6. 5. 5. gyÕZvwhjv /627

6. 6. 5. 6. gykvweŸnv /629
†kl K_v /230
MÖš’cwÄ /231
13

MÖš’Kvi iwPZ Ab¨vb¨ MÖ‡š’i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:
1. A Woman From Desert
2. GnBqvDm mybvb : mybœv‡Zi cybi“¾xeb I we`ÔAv‡Zi wemR©b
3. iv‡n †ejvqvZ : ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv
4. gymjgvbx †bmve : AviKv‡b Bmjvg I Ihxdv‡q ivm~j (�)
5. evsjv‡`‡k Dki ev dm‡ji hvKvZ : ¸i“Z¡ I cÖ‡qvM
6. mnxn nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K mvjvZzj C‡`i AwZwi³ ZvKexi
7. Avj­vni c‡_ `vÕIqvZ
8. gybvRvZ I bvgvh
9. nv`x‡mi bv‡g RvwjqvwZ : cÖPwjZ wg_¨v nv`xm I wfwËnxb K_v
10. Bmjv‡gi bv‡g Rw½ev` : Av‡jvwPZ I Abv‡jvwPZ KviYmg~n
11. KziAvb-mybœvni Av‡jv‡K †cvkvK, c`©v I †`nm¾v
12. mnxn gvmb~b Ihxdv
13. ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻟﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺙﻭﺤﺒ (eyn~myb dx Dj~wgj nv`xm)
14. ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi †cvkvK
15. gymbv` Avng` (Bgvg Avng` iwPZ): e½vbyev` (AvswkK)
16. Bhnvi“j n° (ivngvZzj­vn wKivbex iwPZ): e½vbyev`
17. wdKûm mybvwb Iqvj Avmvi (gydZx Avgxgyj Bnmvb iwPZ): e½vbyev`
18. Avj-wdKûj AvKevi (Bgvg Avey nvbxdv iwPZ): e½vbyev` I e¨vL¨v
19. KziAvb-mybœvni Av‡jv‡K k‡e eivZ: dhxjZ I Avgj
msMÖn ev civg‡k©i Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM Ki“b:
1. †gv. evnvDÏxb, g¨v‡bRvi, Avm-mybœvn cvewj‡KkÝ, Rvgvb mycvi gv‡K©U (3q Zjv), we. we. †ivW (†cv÷ Awd‡mi †gvo).
wSbvB`n-7300| †gvevBj bs 01711-152954|
2. Avjnv¾ gvIjvbv †gv. Bw`ªm Avjx, gynZvwgg, RvwgqvZzj KziAvwbj Kvixg, `vi“k kvixqvn LvbKv‡q dzidziv, cvKkx, Bk¦i`x,
cvebv| †gvevBj bs 01717153923|
3. gvIjvbv Av. m. g. †kvqvBe Avng`, †ck Bgvg I LZxe, †K›`ªxq gmwR`, Bmjvgx wek¦we`¨vjq, Kzwóqv-7003| †dvb 62201-
G·: 2431; †gvevBj, 0193918328|
3. †gv. Av‡bvqvi †nv‡mb, Bkvqv‡Z Bmjvg KzZzeLvbv, 2/2 `vi“m mvjvg, wgicyi, XvKv-1216| †dvb bs 02-9009738
14

cÖ_g Aa¨vq
cwiwPwZ, Drm I ¸i“Z¡
1. 1. Cgvb, AvKx`v I Ab¨vb¨ cwifvlv
wek¦vm ev ag©wek¦vm eySv‡Z gymwjg mgv‡R mvaviYZ `ywU kã e¨eüZ nq: ÔCgvbÕ I ÔAvKx`vÕ| KziAvb Kvixg I
nv`xm kix‡d me©`v ÔCgvbÕ kãwUB e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| ÔAvKx`vÕ ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv kã KziAvb, mybœvn ev mvnvexM‡Yi hy‡M
e¨eüZ nq wb| wKš‘ Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, wØZxq wnRix kZK †_‡K Ôag©-wek¦vmÕ eySv‡Z Av‡iv wKQz cwifvlv G wel‡q
cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i|
cieZ©x wewfbœ Aa¨v‡q Avgiv †`Le †h, Bmjv‡gi ag©-wek¦vm I G welqK g~jbxwZmg~n AZ¨š— mnR, mij, †hŠw³K I
gvbexq cÖK…wZi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©| Avgiv Rvwb †h, ag©-wek¦v‡mi g~j wfwË ÔMvBeÕ ev A`„k¨ welqvw`i Dci| mªóvi Aw¯—Z¡, Zuvi
¸Yvewj, wdwikZv, m„wóRM‡Zi mv‡_ mªóvi m¤úK©, m„wóRM‡Zi wbqš¿‡Y I wePv‡i mªóvi Kg©, ciKvjxb Rxeb, BZ¨vw` meB g~jZ
A`„k¨ welq| cÂ-Bw›`ªq ev gvbexq Ávb, eyw× ev we‡eK w`‡q G¸wji wel‡q P~ovš— wm×vš— MÖnY Kiv hvq bv| gvbexq Ávb, eyw× ev
we‡eK G¸wji ev¯—eZv I mv¤¢¨eZv Abyfe I ¯^xKvi K‡i| wKš‘ G¸wji wel‡q P~ovš— wm×vš— w`‡Z cv‡i bv| gvbyl we‡eK, eyw× I
hyw³ w`‡q mªóvi Aw¯—Z¡ Abyfe K‡i, wKš‘ Zuvi mËvi cÖK…wZ, cwiwa, ¸Yvewji wel‡q P~ovš— wm×vš— wb‡Z cv‡i bv| G wel‡q hyw³ ev
eyw× w`‡q A‡bK weZK© Kiv m¤¢e, Z‡e †Kv‡bv mywba©vwiZ HKg‡Z¨ †cuŠQv‡bv hvq bv| GRb¨B g~jZ wek¦v‡mi wel‡q Inxi Dc‡i
wbf©i Ki‡Z nq|
Bmjv‡gi wek¦vm welqK wb‡`©kvewji †‡Î mvnvexM‡Yi bxwZ wQj †h, KziAvb Kvix‡g ev ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi gy‡L G
wel‡q hv wKQz Zuviv ï‡b‡Qb ev †R‡b‡Qb, †m¸wj‡K webv ev‡K¨ I wbwØ©avq wek¦vm K‡i‡Qb| G¸wji wel‡q AKviY
hyw³Z‡K©i Av‡ivc K‡ib wb|
Bmjv‡gi cÖmv‡ii mv‡_ mv‡_ cvim¨, BivK, wmwiqv, wgmi I Ab¨vb¨ wewRZ †`‡ki A‡bK gvbyl Bmjv‡gi QvqvZ‡j AvMgb
K‡ib| G mKj gvbyl wb‡R‡`i c~e©eZ©x a‡g©i cÖfv‡e Ges Zv‡`i mgv‡Ri cÖPwjZ wewfbœ `vk©wbK gZev‡`i cÖfv‡e ag©xq wek¦v‡mi
wel‡q wewfbœ weZ‡K©i m~ÎcvZ K‡ib| G‡`i weZ‡K©i wel‡q Bmjvgx ag©wek¦v‡mi wewfbœ w`K e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z m‡Pó nb ZvweqxMY I
cieZ©x hy‡Mi BgvgMY| Zuviv ag©wek¦v‡mi LyuwUbvwU welq Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ ÔCgvbÕ QvovI Ab¨vb¨ wKQz cwifvlv e¨envi K‡ib| GmKj
cwifvlvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q ÔAvj-wdKûj AvKeviÕ, ÔBjgyZ ZvInx`Õ, ÔAvm-mybœvnÕ, ÔAvk-kixqvnÕ, ÔAvj-AvKx`vnÕ BZ¨vw`|
G¸wji g‡a¨ ÔAvKx`vnÕ cwifvlvwU me‡P‡q c‡i cÖPwjZ n‡jI me‡P‡q †ewk cÖwmw× jvf K‡i| cieZ©x Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv
†`Le †h, 4_© wnRix kZvãxi c~‡e© G cwifvlvwUi †Zgb †Kv‡bv cÖPjb †`L‡Z cvIqv hvq bv| GgbwK 4_© wnRix kZvãx ch©š—
msKwjZ Aviex Awfavb MÖš’¸wj‡ZI ÔAvKx`vÕ ( ﺓﺩـﻴ�ﻘ�ﻋ) kãwU cvIqv hvq bv| cieZ©x Kv‡j AvKx`v k‡ãi e¨envi e¨vcKZv jvf
K‡i| wb‡gœ Avgiv Bmjvgx wek¦vm ev ag©-wek¦vm A‡_© e¨eüZ wewfbœ cwifvlv Av‡jvPbv Kie:
1. 1. 1. Cgvb I Bmjvg
Aviex ÔAvgbÕ kã †_‡K Cgvb kãwUi DrcwË| Avg&b ( ﻥـﻤﺃ) A_© kvwš—, wbivcËv, Av¯’v, wek¦¯—Zv, ü`‡qi w¯’wZ
BZ¨vw`| Cgvb k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_©: wbivcËv cÖ`vb, Av¯’v ¯’vcb, wek¦vm BZ¨vw`| kãwUi A_© m¤ú‡K© 4_© wnRix kZ‡Ki
cÖwm× fvlvwe` Aveyj ûmvBb Avng` Beby dvwim (395wn) e‡jb: Ònvghv, gxg I b~b: GB avZzwUi g~j A_© `ywU: cÖ_g A_©:
wek¯—Zv, hv wLqvb‡Zi wecixZ Ges wØZxq A_© wek¦vm Kiv ev †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev wel‡qi mZ¨Zv ¯^xKvi Kiv| Avgiv †`LwQ †h,
A_© `ywU LyeB wbKUeZ©x I ci¯úi m¤úK©hy³|Ó 1
wZwb Dfq A‡_© Cgvb k‡ãi A_© Av‡jvPbv K‡i D‡j­L K‡ib †h, cÖ_g A‡_© Cgvb A_© wbivcËv cÖ`vb Kiv ev
AvgvbZ`vi e‡j g‡b Kiv| Avi wØZxq A‡_© Cgvb A_© wek¦vm Kiv, wek¦¯—Zvq Av¯’v ¯’vcb Kiv| 2
wek¦vm ev ag©wek¦vm wek¦vm A‡_© KziAvb I nv`x‡m me©`v ÔCgvbÕ kãwUB e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| wµqvi †‡Î Ôwek¦vm KijÕ
A‡_© ÔAv-gvbv, Avgvb~ BZ¨vw` wµqvc`, Ôwek¦vm KiÕ A‡_© ZzÕwgby, byÕwgby BZ¨vw` wµqvc`, Av‡`k A‡_© ÔAv-wgb, Av-wgb~ BZ¨vw`
wµqvc` e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| wek¦vmx A‡_© gywgb, gywgb~b BZ¨vw` kã e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avi wek¦vm A‡_© ÔCgvbÕ kãwUB e¨envi
Kiv n‡q‡Q| KziAvb Kvix‡g ejv n‡q‡Q:
15
ÒAvi hviv Cgvb I Bjg (wek¦vm I Ávb) cÖ`Ë n‡q‡Q Zviv ejj...|Ó 3
Ab¨Î Bikv` Kiv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻥﺎ�ﻤﻴِﻹﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡﹾﻠ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﺘﻭُﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ

�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﺴﺎﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺓ�ﺭ�ﺨَﻵﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﻪﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻋ ﹶﻁﹺﺒ�ﺤ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹺﻥﺎ�ﻤﻴِﻹﺎﹺﺒ �ﺭﹸﻔﹾﻜ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒAvi †KD Cgvb cÖZ¨vL¨vb Ki‡j Zvi Kg© webó ev wbõj n‡e Ges †m ciKv‡j wZMÖ¯—‡`i Aš—f©y³ n‡e|Ó 4
Ab¨Î ejv n‡q‡Q:
16
ﺎﱠﻨ�ﻤَﺂﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥَﺃ ﹺﻥﺎ�ﻤﻴ ِﻺِﻟ
ﻱ�ﺩﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻴ�ﺩﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺴ ﺎﹶﻨﱠﻨِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺒ�ﺭ
Ò†n Avgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK, Avgiv GKRb AvnŸvbKvix‡K Cgv‡bi w`‡K AvnŸvb Ki‡Z ï‡bwQ: Ô†Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki
cÖwZ Cgvb Avbqb KiÕ; myZivs Avgiv Cgvb Avbqb K‡iwQ|Ó 5
Ab¨Î †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q:
ÒhLb Zuvi AvqvZ Zv‡`i wbKU cvV Kiv nq ZLb Zv Zv‡`i Cgvb e„w× K‡i|Ó 6
Avãy KvBm †Mv‡Îi cÖwZwbwa‡`i wel‡q Beby AveŸvm (iv) e‡jb,
ﺎﹰﻨﺎ�ﻤﻴِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﺘ�ﺩﺍ�ﺯ �ﻪﹸﺘﺎ�ﻴَﺁ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹾﺕ�ﻴ�ﻠﹸﺘ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ
ﻻِﺇ �ﻪـﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ �ﻥَﺃ ﹸﺓ�ﺩﺎ�ﻬﹶﺸ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻋَﺃ �ﻪﹸﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥﺎ�ﻤﻴِﻹﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﺩﹶﺘَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﹺﻥﺎ�ﻤﻴِﻹﺎﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ
.... �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ �ﻥَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
Òivm~jyj­vn (�) Zv‡`i‡K ÔGKgvÎ Avj­vni cÖwZ Cgv‡biÕ wb‡`©k cÖ`vb K‡ib Ges e‡jb, †Zvgiv wK Rvb †h, GKgvÎ
Avj­vni cÖwZ Cgvb Kx? Zuviv e‡jb, Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~jB AwaKZi AeMZ Av‡Qb| wZwb e‡jb (GKgvÎ Avj­vni cÖwZ Cgvb GB
†h,) Zzwg mv¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡e †h, Avj­vn Qvov †Kv‡bv gve~` (Bev`Z †hvM¨ ev Dcvm¨) †KD †bB Ges gynv¤§v` (�) Zuvi
ivm~j...|Ó 7
nv`xm kix‡d me©`v Ôwek¦vmÕ ev ag©wek¦vm‡K Cgvb bv‡gB AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| GK nv`x‡m Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb:
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅـﹸﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻥﺎ�ﻤﻴِﻹﺍ : َلﺎﹶﻗ ؟�ﻥﺎ�ﻤﻴِﻹﺍ
ﺎ�ﻤ ،ﷲﺍ لﻭﺴﺭ ﺎﻴ : َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ( ُلﻴﹺﺭ�ﺒﹺﺠ ) لﺠﺭ �ﻩﺎﹶﺘَﺄﹶﻓ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻠِﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﺍ�ﺯﹺﺭﺎ�ﺒ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡﻼ�ﺴِﻹﺍ : َلﺎﹶﻗ ؟�ﻡﻼ�ﺴِﻹﺍ
ﺎ�ﻤ : َلﺎﹶﻗ . ﻪﻠﻜ ﺭﺩﻘﻟﺎﺒ ﻥﻤﺅﺘﻭ ،ﺭﺨﻵﺍ �ﺙ�ﻌ�ﺒﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅﹸﺘ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪِﺌﺎﹶﻘ�ﻠﹺﺒ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒﹸﺘﹸﻜ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤ�ﻭ
�ﻥﺎ�ﻀ�ﻤ�ﺭ �ﻡﻭ�ﺼﹶﺘ�ﻭ ﹶﺔ�ﻀﻭ�ﺭﹾﻔ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹶﺓﺎﹶﻜ�ﺯﻟﺍ �ﻱ�ﺩَﺅﹸﺘ�ﻭ ﹶﺓﻼ�ﺼﻟﺍ �ﻡﻴ�ﻘﹸﺘ�ﻭ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻙﹺﺭﹾﺸﹸﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ
ÒGKw`b bex (�) †jvKR‡bi g‡a¨ wQ‡jb| GgZve¯’vq GKe¨w³ (wReivCj Av.) Zuvi wbKU AvMgb K‡i e‡jb,
Cgvb Kx? wZwb Dˇi e‡jb: (Cgvb GB †h,) Zzwg wek¦vm Ki‡e Avj­vnq, Zuvi wdwikZvM‡Y, Zuvi cy¯—Kmg~‡n, Zuvi mvv‡Z,
Zuvi ivm~jM‡Y Ges Zzwg wek¦vm Ki‡e †kl cybi“Ìv‡b Ges Zzwg wek¦vm Ki‡e ZvK`xi ev wba©vi‡Yi mewKQz‡Z| wZwb cÖkœ
K‡ib: Bmjvg Kx? wZwb e‡jb: Bmjvg GB †h, Zzwg Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡e, †Kv‡bv wKQz‡K Zuvi mv‡_ kixK evbv‡e bv,
mvjvZ Kv‡qg Ki‡e, dih hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡e Ges ivgv`v‡bi wmqvg cvjb Ki‡e|Ó 8
GLv‡b ivm~jyj­vn (�) Cgvb I Bmjv‡gi Df‡qi cwiwPZ cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| Bmjvg kãwU Aviex ÔmvjvgÕ ( ﻡﻠـﺴ) kã
†_‡K M„nxZ| Gi A_© kvwš—, wbivcËv, mgc©b BZ¨vw`| Bmjvg A_© AvZ¥mgc©b Kiv, AbyMZ nIqv BZ¨vw`| AvwfavwbK fv‡e
Cgvb wek¦v‡mi w`K Ges Bmjvg K‡g©i w`K| Z‡e e¨envwiK fv‡e Cgvb I Bmjvg Awe‡”Q`¨fv‡e RwoZ| G wel‡q Avgiv
Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) e‡jb:
ﻥـﻤ ﺹﻘﻨﻴﻭ ﺩﻴﺯﻴﻭ ،ﻪﺒ
ﻥﻤﺅﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺹﻘﻨﻴ ﻻﻭ ﺩﻴﺯﻴ ﻻ ﺽﺭﻷﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﻟﺍ لﻫﺃ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﺇﻭ ،ﻕﻴﺩﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ
ﺭﺍﺭﻗﻹﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍﻭ
ﺭـﻤﺍﻭﻷ ﺩﺎﻴﻘﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﻠﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍﻭ . لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺎﺒ ﻥﻭﻠﻀﺎﻔﺘﻤ ﺩﻴﺤﻭﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻭﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻥﻭﻨﻤﺅﻤﻟﺍﻭ . ﻕﻴﺩﺼﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻘﻴﻟﺍ ﺔﻬﺠ
ﺎـﻤﻫﻭ ،ﻥﺎـﻤﻴﺇ
ﻼـﺒ ﻡﻼﺴﺇ ﺩﺠﻭﻴ ﻻﻭ ،ﻡﻼﺴﺇ
ﻼﺒ
ﻥﺎﻤﻴﺇ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻻ ﻥﻜﻟﻭ . ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍﻭ
ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻕﺭﻓ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻤﻓ . ﻲﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﷲﺍ
ﺎﻬﻠﻜ ﻊﺌﺍﺭﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﻡﺴﺍ ﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻥﻁﺒﻟﺍ
ﻊﻤ ﺭﻬﻅﻟﺎﻜ
ÒCgvb n‡”Q (gy‡Li) ¯^xK„wZ I (Aš—‡ii) mZ¨vqb| wek¦vmK…Z welqvw`i w`K †_‡K (†h †h wel‡q wek¦vm Kiv n‡q‡Q
Zv‡Z) AvKvk I c„w_exi Awaevmx‡`i Cgvb ev‡o bv Ges K‡g bv, wKš‘ BqvKxb ev wek¦v‡mi `„pZv-MfxiZv I mZ¨vq‡bi
w`K †_‡K Cgvb ev‡o Ges K‡g| Gfv‡e Cgvb I ZvInx‡`i †‡Î gywgbMY mK‡jB mgvb| K‡g©i †‡Î Zv‡`i gh©v`vi
n«vme„w× N‡U| Bmjvg A_© Avj­vni wb‡`©‡ki Rb¨ AvZ¥mgc©b Kiv Ges AbyMZ nIqv| AvwfavwbKfv‡e Cgvb I Bmjv‡gi
g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| Z‡e ev¯—‡e I e¨env‡i Bmjvg Qvov †Kv‡bv Cgvb nq bv Ges Cgvb Qvov Bmjv‡gi Aw¯—Z¡ cvIqv hvq

v| Kv‡RB Cgvb I Bmjvg n‡jv wc‡Vi mv‡_ †c‡Ui b¨vq| Cgvb, Bmjvg I mg¯— kixqZ‡K GK‡Î `xb ejv nq|Ó 9
wefw³ I wdiKvmg~‡ni Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv †`Le †h, Cgvb I Avg‡ji cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© wba©viY wQj wefw³i
KviY¸wji Ab¨Zg| LvwiRxMY I Zv‡`i mggbv wdiKv¸wj Avgj ev Bmjv‡gi weavb gZ Kg© Kiv‡K Cgv‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨
Ask e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Q| d‡j weavb cvj‡bi wePz¨wZ Zv‡`i g‡Z Cgv‡bi wePz¨wZ ev Kzdi e‡j MY¨| Aciw`‡K gyiwRqvMY
Cgvb‡K Avj­vni wb‡`©k cvjb ev Bmjv‡gi wewaweavb cvjb †_‡K m¤ú~Y© wew”Qbœ K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i g‡Z †Kv‡bviƒc Bmjvg
cvjb QvovB Cgv‡bi P~ovš— c~Y©Zvq †cuŠQv‡bv m¤¢e| Zviv cvcx gymwjg‡K cwic~Y© Cgvb`vi I wbwðZ RvbœvZx e‡j MY¨
K‡i‡Q| Dfq g‡Zi g‡a¨ Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi AbymvixMY wek¦vm K‡ib †h, cvcx gywgb Kvwdi bb, Avevi
Cgv‡bi c~Y©ZvI wZwb jvf K‡ib wb| Z‡e G wek¦v‡mi e¨vL¨vq Avnjym mybœv‡Zi BgvgM‡Yi cvwifvwlK msÁvi g‡a¨ mvgvb¨
wKQz cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| G †‡Î Zv‡`i `ywU gZ i‡q‡Q|
(1) Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) I Ab¨vb¨ †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Bgv‡gi g‡Z Avgj ev weavb cvjb Cgv‡bi Ask bq, eis Cgv‡bi
`vwe I m¤ú~iK| Zv‡`i g‡Z Cgvb n‡jv Aš—‡ii wek¦vm I gy‡L †m wek¦v‡mi ¯^xK…wZi bvg| Zv‡`i g‡Z welqe¯‘i w`K †_‡K
¯^xK…wZ ‡ewk Kg nq bv ev Cgv‡bi n«vme„w× nq bv, Z‡e wek¦v‡mi MfxiZvi w`K w`‡q n«vme„w× nq|
(2) Ab¨ wZb Bgvg I gynvwÏmMY e‡jb †h, Avgj ev Kg© Cgv‡bi Ask, Z‡e g‡bi wek¦vm ev gy‡Li ¯^xK…wZi gZ Ask
bq, eis wØZxq ch©v‡qi Ask| GRb¨ Zv‡`i g‡Z K‡g©i Abycw¯’wZ Øviv Cgv‡bi Abycw¯’wZ cÖgvwYZ nq bv, Z‡e `ye©jZv I
KgwZ cÖgvwYZ nq| Zuvi e‡jb Cgvb n‡jv Aš—‡ii wek¦vm, gy‡Li ¯^xK…wZ I †`‡ni Kg©| G‡`i g‡Z K‡g©i Kvi‡Y Cgv‡bi n«vme„w×
nq|
G `y g‡Zi g‡a¨ kã cÖ‡qv‡M hZB cv_©K¨ _vK bv †Kb, g~j wek¦v‡m †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ †bB| KviY Dfq g‡Zi
AbymvwiMYB GKgZ †h,
(1) Cgvb I Avgj `ywUB Avj­vni wb‡`©k Ges ev›`v‡K `ywUB AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e| Cgvb wenxb Bmjvg ev Bmjvg wenxb Cgvb
AKíbxq|
(2) K‡g©i ΓwUi Kvi‡Y ev Kexiv †Mvbv‡ni Kvi‡Y ev›`v Kvwdi nq bv, Z‡e Avj­vni kvw¯—i †hvM¨ n‡e|
1. 1. 2. Avj-wdKûj AvKevi
Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) AvKx`v wel‡q iwPZ Zuvi cÖwm× MÖš’wUi bvg †i‡L‡Qb ÔAvj-wdKûj AvKeviÕ| m¤¢eZ
ÔAvKx`vÕ eySv‡Z GwUB cÖvPxbZg cwifvlv|
ÔwdK&nÕ kãwU KziAvb I nv`x‡m eûj e¨eüZ GKwU kã| KziAvb nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Bmjvgx wewaweav‡b Mfxi Ávb I
cÖÁv‡K ÔwdKnÕ ejv nq| KziAvb I mybœv‡ni Av‡jv‡K wek¦v‡mi wel‡q Mfxi Ávb I cÖÁv AR©‡bi ¸i“Z¡ eySv‡ZB m¤¢eZ wZwb G
welqK Ávb‡K ÔAvKeviÕ ev Ô†kªôZi ÁvbÕ ev Ôg‡nvËi ÁvbÕ e‡j AwfwnZ K‡ib|
1. 1. 3. BjgyZ ZvInx`
Bmjvgx Cgvb ev wek¦vm‡K A‡bK mgq ÔZvInx`Õ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Kiv nq Ges G welqK Ávb‡K ÔBjgyZ ZvInx`Õ ev
ZvInx‡`i Ávb ejv nq| Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) Avj-wdKûj AvKevi MÖ‡š’ ÔBjgyj AvKx`vÕ-†K ÔBjgyZ ZvInx`Õ bv‡g
AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb| cieZ©x Aa¨v‡q Avgiv †`Le †h, ZvInx` ev Avj­vni GKZ¡B Bmjvgx Cgvb ev AvKx`vi g~j wfwË|
Cgv‡bi Ab¨ mKj welq ZvInx‡`i mv‡_ RwoZ I ZvInx‡`iB Ask| GRb¨B Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) Bjgyj AvKx`v
eySv‡Z BjgyZ ZvInx` cwifvlv e¨envi K‡i‡Qb|
G cwifvlvwUI wØZxq, Z…Zxq I PZz_© kZ‡K we‡kl cwiwPZ jvf K‡i| G bv‡g AvKx`v welqK wKQz MÖš’ iPbv Kiv
nq| G¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q PZz_© wnRix kZ‡Ki cÖwm× gynvwÏm Ave~ evK&i gynv¤§v` Beby LyhvBgv (311 wn) iwPZ ÔwKZveyZ
ZvInx`Õ Ges Aóg wnRix kZ‡Ki cÖwm× Avwjg Avãyi ivngvb Beby Avng` Beby ivRve nv¤^vjx (795 wn) iwPZ ÔwKZveyZ
ZvInx`Õ|
1. 1. 4. Avm-mybœvn
Z…Zxq wnRix kZK †_‡K ag©-wek¦vm I G welqK g~jbxwZmg~n eySv‡Z ÔAvm-mybœvnÕ kãwUi e¨envi e¨vcKZv jvf
K‡i|
ÔmybœvnÕ ev ÔmybœvZÕ k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_©: gyL, Qwe, cÖwZ”Qwe, cÖK…wZ, Rxeb c×wZ, Kg©aviv BZ¨vw`| 10 Bmjvgx
kixq‡Z ÔmybœvZÕ A_© ivm~‡j AvKivg (�) -Gi K_v, Kg©, Aby‡gv`b ev GK K_vq Zuvi mvgwMÖK Rxebv`k©| 11 mybœvn k‡ãi
AvwfavwbK I cvwifvwlK A_© I e¨envi m¤ú‡K© we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ ÔGnBqvDm mybvbÕ MÖ‡š’| we`» cvVK‡K MÖš’wU cvV
Ki‡Z Aby‡iva KiwQ|
Avgiv D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, mvnvexM‡Yi cieZ©x cÖRb¥ †_‡K Cgvb ev ag©-wek¦vm welqK wKQz wel‡q weZK© m„wó Kiv nq| hyw³,
17

ZK©, `k©b BZ¨vw`i gva¨‡g wek¦vm welqK KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wb‡`©kvewj wePvi K‡i †Kv‡bvwU MÖnY I †Kv‡bvwU e¨vL¨vi bv‡g eR©b
Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡ib †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv bZzb gymjgvb| G wel‡q Zviv KziAv‡bi wewfbœ AvqvZ ev †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv nv`xm Øviv cÖgvY †ck
Ki‡jI ivm~jyj­vn (�) I mvnvexM‡Yi mvgwMÖK g~jbxwZi evB‡i P‡j †h‡Zb| G‡`i weåvwš— cÖKvk Ki‡Z Ges wek¦v‡mi wel‡q
ivm~jyj­vn (�) I mvnvexM‡Yi g~jbxwZ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z Z…Zxq kZvãx †_‡K A‡bK Bgvg I Avwjg ÔAvm-mybœvnÕ bv‡g ÔAvKx`vÕ
wel‡q A‡bK MÖš’ iPbv K‡ib|
G‡`i Ab¨Zg wQ‡jb Bgvg Avng` Beby nv¤^vj (241 wn)| wZwb ÔAvm-mybœvnÕ bv‡g AvKx`v welqK MÖš’ iPbv K‡ib| GKB
bv‡g AvKx`v welqK MÖš’ iPbv K‡ib Zuvi cÖmw× QvÎ Bgvg Ave~ evKi Avng` Beby gynv¤§v` Beby nvwb Avj-Avmivg (273wn),
Bgvg Ave~ Avjx nv¤^vj Beby BmnvK Beby nv¤^vj Avk-kvBevbx (273wn), Bgvg Ave~ `vD` myjvBgvb Bebyj AvmÔAvm AvmwmwRmZvbx
(275 wn), Bgvg Ave~ evKi Avng` Beby Avgi Beby Avex Avwmg Av`-`vn&nvK Avk-kvBevbx (287 wn), Bgvg
Avãyj­vn Beby Avngv` Beby nv¤^vj (290 wn), Bgvg Ave~ evK&i Avng` Beby gynv¤§v` Beby nviƒb Avj-evM`v`x Avj-Lvj­vj (311
wn), Bgvg Ave~ RvÕdvi gynv¤§v` Beby Rvixi Zvevix (311 wn), Bgvg Zvevivbx Aveyj Kvwmg myjvBgvb Beby Avng` (360wn),
Bgvg Ave~k kvBL Avey gynv¤§v` Avãyj­vn Beby gynv¤§v` Beby Rvdvi Beby nvBqvb Avj-Avmcvnvbx (369 wn), Bgvg Beby kvnxb
Ave~ nvdm Dgvi Beby Avngv` Beby Dmgvb Avj-evM`v`x (385wn), Bgvg Ave~ Avãyj­vn gynv¤§v` Beby BmnvK Beby gvb&`vn Avj-
Bmcvnvbx (395 wn) I Av‡iv A‡bK cÖwm× gynvwÏm I dKxn|
1. 1. 5. Avk-kvixÔAvn
ÔkvixqvZÕ ev ÔkvixÔAvnÕ A_© b`xi NvU, Rjvk‡q cvwb cv‡bi ¯’vb, c_ BZ¨vw`| Bmjv‡gi cwifvlvq ÔkixÔAvnÕ kãwUi
wewfbœ A_© i‡q‡Q| †m¸wji g‡a¨ GKwU A_© Òag© wek¦vmÓ ev wek¦vm welqK g~jbxwZmg~n| 12 Z…Zxq kZ‡Ki †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Bgvg
ÒAvk-kvixÔAvnÓ bv‡g AvKx`v welqK MÖš’ iPbv K‡ib| †hgb Bgvg Ave~ evK&i gynv¤§v` Bebyj ûmvBb Avj-AvRyi&ix (360 wn)
iwPZ ÒAvk-kixÔAvnÓ MÖš’|
1. 1. 6. Dm~jyÏxb ev Dm~jywÏqvbvn
Dm~jyÏxb (ﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍ لﻭﺼﺃ) ev Dm~jyÏxqvbvn ( ﺔـﻨﺎﻴﺩﻟﺍ لﻭـﺼﺃ) A_© `x‡bi wfwËmg~n| PZz_© kZK †_‡K †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv
Avwjg ÔCgvbÕ ev AvKx`v eySv‡Z GB cwifvlvwU e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| G‡`i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Qb PZz_© wnRix kZ‡Ki cÖwm× Avwjg
Bgvg Aveyj nvmvb Avjx Beby BmgvCj Avj-AvkÔAvix (324 wn)| ÔAvj-BevbvZz ÔAvb Dm~wjwÏqvbvnÕ bv‡g G welqK Zuvi
MÖš’wU mycÖwm×|
1. 1. 7. AvKx`v
ag©-wek¦vm welqK cÖwm×Zg cwifvlv ÔAvKx`vÕ| wnRix PZz_© kZ‡Ki Av‡M G kãwUi cÖ‡qvM ZZ cÖwm× bq| PZz_©
wnRix kZK †_‡K G cwifvlvwU cÖPjb jvf K‡i| cieZ©x hy‡M GwUB GKgvÎ cwifvlvq cwiYZ nq|
AvKx`v I BÕwZKv` kãØq Aviex ÔAvK&` ( ﺩـﻘﻋ) avZz †_‡K M„nxZ| Gi A_© eÜb Kiv, wMiv †`Iqv, Pzw³ Kiv, k³
nIqv BZ¨vw`| fvlvwe` Beby dvwim G k‡ãi A_© eY©bv K‡i e‡jb: ÒAvBb, K¡vd I `vj: avZzwUi g~j A_© GKwUB: `„p
KiY, `„pfv‡e eÜb, aviY ev wbf©i Kiv| kãwU hZ A‡_© e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q Zv meB GB A_© †_‡K M„nxZ| 13
Ôag©wek¦vmÕ eySv‡Z AvKx`v k‡ãi e¨envi cieZ©x hyM¸wj‡Z e¨vcK n‡jI cÖvPxb Aviex fvlvq G e¨envi †`L‡Z cvIqv
hvq bv| Ôwek¦vmÕ ev ag©wek¦vm A‡_© ÔAvKx`vÕ I ÔBÕwZKv`Õ k‡ãi e¨envi KziAvb I nv`x‡m †`Lv hvq bv| ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi
hy‡M ev Zuvi c~‡e©i hy‡M Aviex fvlvq Ôwek¦vmÕ A‡_© ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv A‡_© ÔAvKx`vÕ k‡ãi e¨envi wQj e‡j Rvbv hvq bv| Z‡e
Ô`„p nIqvÕ ev ÔRgvU nIqvÕ A‡_© ÔBÕwZKv`Õ kãwU e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| GQvov Aš—‡ii wek¦vm A‡_©I ÔBwZKv`Õ kãwUi cÖPjb wQj|
cÖwm× fvlvwe` BmgvCj Beby nv¤§v` RvInvix (393 wn) e‡jb:
. ﻱﺃﺭ ﺩﻘﻋ ﻱﺃ ،ﺩﻭﻘﻌﻤ ﻪﻟ ﺱﻴﻟﻭ ،ﻪﺒﻠﻘﺒ ﺍﺫﻜ ﺩﻘﺘﻋﺍﻭ ،ﺩﺘﺸﺍﻭ ﺏﻠﺼ : ﺀﻲﺸﻟﺍ ﺩﻘﺘﻋﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻫﺎﻨﺘﻗﺍ ﻱﺃ ،ﻻﺎﻤﻭ ﺔﻌﻴﻀ ﺩﻘﺘﻋﺍ
Òm¤úwË ev m¤ú` ÔBÕwZKv`Õ K‡i‡Q, A_©vr Zv AR©b K‡i‡Q ev mÂq K‡i‡Q| †Kv‡bv wKQz ÔBÕwZKv`Õ n‡q‡Q A_© Zv
k³, KwVb ev RgvUe× n‡q‡Q| Aš—i w`‡q AgyK welq BÕwZKv` K‡i‡Q| Zvi †Kv‡bv gvÔKz` †bB, A_©vr Zvi gZvg‡Zi
w¯’iZv ev `„pZv †bB|Ó 14
KziAvb-nv`x‡m †Kv_vI AvKx`v kã e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q e‡j Rvbv hvq bv| ÔBwZKv`Õ kãwU `y GKwU nv`x‡m e¨eüZ
n‡q‡Q, Z‡e Ôwek¦vmÕ A‡_© bq, eis m¤ú`, cZvKv BZ¨vw` `ªe¨ `„pfv‡e aviY Kiv, eÜb Kiv ev MÖnY Kiv A‡_©| †hgb GK
nv`x‡m eviv Beby Avwhe (iv) e‡jb,
18
ﹰﺔ�ﻴﺍ
�ﺭ
�ﺩﹶﻘ
ﹶﺘ�ﻋﺍ
ﺩﻗﻭ ﻪﻨﻋ ﷲﺍ ﻲﻀﺭ �ﻲ�ﻤ
�ﻋ ﹸﺕ�ﻴ
�ﻘﹶﻟ
ÒAvgvi PvPvi mv‡_ Avgvi hLb mvvZ n‡jv ZLb wZwb (hy‡×i Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ wb‡q) GKwU SvÊv `„pfv‡e aviY

K‡i‡Qb|Ó 15
wØZxq kZvãxi †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Bgvg I Avwj‡gi K_vq ÔBÕwZKv`Õ ev ÔAvKx`vÕ kã my`„p ag© wek¦vm A‡_© e¨eüZ
n‡q‡Q e‡j †`Lv hvq| 16 cieZ©x kZvãx¸wj‡Z ÔAvKx`vÕ k‡ãi e¨envi e¨vcKZv jvf K‡i|
PZz_©-cÂg kZ‡K wjwLZ cÖvPxb Aviex Awfavb¸wj‡Z ÔAvKx`vÕ kãwU D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q e‡j †`L‡Z cvB wb| ÔAvK&`Õ
avZz †_‡K M„nxZ Aviex fvlvq e¨eüZ A‡bK we‡kl¨ kã G mKj Awfav‡b D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q, †hgb ÔBK&`Õ ( �ﺩـﹾﻘ�ﻋ), ÔDK`vnÕ
(ﹲﺓ�ﺩﹾﻘ�ﻋ), ÔDKvB`vnÕ ( ﹲﺓ�ﺩـ�ﻴﹶﻘ�ﻋ), ÔAvKx`Õ ( ﺩـ�ﻴ�ﻘ�ﻋ) BZ¨vw`| wKš‘ ÔAvKx`vnÕ kãwU G mKj Awfav‡b †`L‡Z cvB wb| Beby `yivB‡`i
(331 wn) RvgnvivZzj jyMvn, RvInvixi (393wn) Avm-wmnvn, Beby dvwi‡mi (395wn) gyÕRvgy gvKvCwmj jyMvn, Beby gvbh~‡ii
(711 wn) wjmvbyj Avie BZ¨vw` Awfavb MÖ‡š’ ÔAvKx`vnÕ kãwUi D‡j­L cvB wb| cieZ©x mg‡qi Awfavbwe`MY GB kãwUi A_©
e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb| 8g kZ‡Ki cÖwm× Awfavb‡eËv Avng` Beby gynv¤§v` Avj-dvBEgx (770wn) Zuvi Avj-wgmevûj gybxi MÖ‡š’
wj‡L‡Qb:
ﻙﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤﻟﺎﺴ : ﺔﻨﺴﺤ ﺓﺩﻴﻘﻋ ﻪﻟﻭ ،ﻪﺒ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻥﻴﺩﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺓﺩﻴﻘﻌﻟﺍ
Ògvbyl ag© wn‡m‡e hv MÖnY K‡i Zv‡K ÔAvKx`vÕ ejv nq| ejv nq ÔZvi fvj AvKx`v Av‡QÕ, A_©vr Zvi m‡›`ngy³
wek¦vm Av‡Q|Ó 17
AvaywbK fvlvwe` W. Beivnxg Avbxm I Zuvi mw½MY m¤úvw`Z ÔAvj-gyÕRvgyj IqvmxZÕ MÖ‡š’ ejv n‡q‡Q: Ò
لﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺩﺎﻘﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻪﺒ ﺩﺼﻘﻴ ﺎﻤ ( ﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ)
ﻭ ،ﻩﺩﻘﺘﻌﻤ ﻯﺩﻟ ﻪﻴﻓ �ﻙﺸﻟﺍ ُل�ﺒﹾﻘ�ﻴ ﻻ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﻡﻜﺤﻟﺍ : ﺓﺩﻴﻘﻌﻟﺍ
ÒAvKx`v A_© Ggb weavb ev wb‡`©k hv wek¦vmxi wek¦vm Abymv‡i †Kv‡bviƒc m‡›`‡ni AeKvk iv‡L bv .... ag©xq wek¦vm hv Kg© †_‡K
c„_K...|Ó 18
1. 1. 8. Bjgyj Kvjvg
Bmjvgx AvKx`v ev ag©xq wek¦vm welqK Av‡jvPbv ev M‡elYv‡K A‡bK mgq ÔBjgyj KvjvgÕ ( ﻡﻼـﻜﻟﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ) ejv nq| Bjgyj
Kvjvg ej‡Z g~jZ ag©wek¦v‡mi wel‡q `k©b I hyw³we`¨v wfwËK Av‡jvPbv eySv‡bv nq|
ÔAvj-KvjvgÕ ( ﻡﻼـﻜﻟﺍ) k‡ãi A_© K_v, evK¨, e³e¨, weZK© (word, speech, conversation, debate) BZ¨vw`| †KD
†KD g‡b K‡ib †h Kvjvgyj­vn ev Avj­vni Kvjvg (ﷲﺍ ﻡﻼﻜ) †_‡K Bjgyj Kvjvg cwifvlvwUi D¢e| KviY Bjgyj Kvjv‡g Avj­vni
Kvjvg wel‡q Av‡jvPbv nq| Z‡e hZUzKz eySv hvq MÖxK jMm (logos) kã †_‡K ÔKvjvgÕ kãwU M„nxZ n‡q‡Q| jMm (logos)
kãwUi A_© evK¨, hyw³e„wË, wePvieyw×, cwiKíbv (word, reason, plan) BZ¨vw`| G jMm kã †_‡K jwRK (logic) kãwUi
DrcwË, hvi A_© ZK©kv¯¿ ev hyw³we`¨v| m¤¢eZ g~j MÖxK A‡_©i w`‡K j¨ †i‡L wnRix wØZxq kZ‡Ki Aviex cwÊZMY jwRK A_©
Bjgyj Kvjvg ev ÔK_v-kv¯¿Õ e‡jwQ‡jb| cieZ©xKv‡j G A‡_© ÔBjgyj gvbwZKÕ kãwU e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q, hvi AvwfavwbK A_©I
ÔK_v-kv¯¿Õ|
me©ve¯’vq Bjgyj Kvjvg ej‡Z `k©b ev hyw³we`¨v wfwËK ag©ZvwË¡K Av‡jvPbv ev M‡elYv (speculative theology,
scholastic theology) eySv‡bv nq|
cÖvPxb hyM †_‡K `vk©wbKMY gvbexq hyw³, eyw×, Ávb ev `k©‡bi gva¨‡g gvbexq Bw›`ª‡qi AÁvZ welq mg~n wb‡q M‡elYv
K‡i‡Qb| mªóv, m„wó, m„wói cÖK…wZ, mªóvi cÖK…wZ, Kg©, we‡klY BZ¨vw` wel‡q hyw³ ZK© w`‡q Zuviv A‡bK K_v e‡j‡Qb| G mKj
eyw×e„wËK hyw³ZK© gvbyl‡K AZ¨š— AvKwl©Z Ki‡jI Zv †Kv‡bv m‡Z¨ †cuŠQv‡Z cv‡i bv| KviY Avgiv cieZ©x Av‡jvPbvq †`Le
†h, gvbyl hyw³, eyw× ev Ávb w`‡q mªôvi Aw¯—Z¡ m¤ú‡K© Abyfe Ki‡Z cv‡i ev wbwðZ n‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ mªóvi cÖK…wZ, Kg©, we‡klY,
mªóvi mv‡_ m„wói m¤úK© BZ¨vw` wel‡q P~ovš— m‡Z¨ †cuŠQv‡Z cv‡i bv| GRb¨ KL‡bvB `vk©wbKMY G mKj wel‡q GKgZ n‡Z
cv‡ib wb| Zv‡`i M‡elYv I weZK© A‡Üi nvwZ †`Lvi gZB n‡q‡Q|
wØZxq wnRix kZK †_‡K gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ MÖxK, fviZxq I cviwmK `k©b cÖPvi I cÖmvi jvf K‡i| mvnvexM‡Yi
Abymvix g~javivi ZvweqxMY I Zuv‡`i Abymvix Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi AvwjgMY Cgvb ev AvKx`vi wel‡q ev
MvBex wel‡q `vk©wbK weZK© KwVbfv‡e AcQ›` Ki‡Zb| KviY Zuvi wek¦vm Ki‡Zb †h, MvBex wel‡q Inxi Dci wbf©i Kiv
Ges Inxi wb‡`©kbv‡K me©vš—Ki‡Y †g‡b †bIqvB gywg‡bi gyw³i c_| cÖwm× Pvi gyRZvwn` Bgvg mn wØZxq I Z…Zxq wnRix
kZ‡Ki mKj cÖwm× Avwjg, Bgvg, dKxn I gynvwÏm AZ¨š— K‡Vvi fvlvq Bjgyj Kvjv‡gi wb›`v K‡i‡Qb| 19 †hgb Bgvg
Ave~ BDm~d ivn. (189 wn) Zuvi QvÎ Bjgyj Kvjv‡gi cwÊZ I gyÕZvwhjx Avwjg wek&i Avj-gvixmx‡K e‡jb:
.
ﻕﻴﺩﻨﺯ : لﻴﻗ ﻡﻼﻜﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺴﺃﺭ لﺠﺭﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺼ ﺍﺫﺇﻭ ،ﻡﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻡﻼﻜﻟﺎﺒ لﻬﺠﻟﺍﻭ لﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻡﻼﻜﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﻠﻌﻟﺍ
19

ÒKvjv‡gi ÁvbB n‡jv cÖK…Z AÁZv Avi Kvjvg m¤ú‡K© AÁZvB n‡jv cÖK…Z Ávb| Bjgyj Kvjv‡g myL¨vwZi A_©
Zv‡K hxb`xK ev Awek¦vmx-ag©Z¨vMx ejv n‡e|Ó 20
Bgvg Ave~ BDmyd (ivn) Av‡iv e‡jb:
ﻕﺩﻨﺯﺘ ﻡﻼﻜﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺏﻠﻁ ﻥﻤ
Ò‡h e¨w³ Bjgy Kvjvg wkv Ki‡e †m whb`xK cwiYZ n‡e|Ó 21
Bgvg kvwdqx ivn. (204 wn) e‡jb,
ﺏﺎـﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻙﺭﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﺯﺠ ﺍﺫﻫ : لﺎﻘﻴﻭ لﺌﺎﺒﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﺌﺎﺸﻌﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﺒ ﻑﺎﻁﻴﻭ لﺎﻌﻨﻟﺍﻭ ﺩﻴﺭﺠﻟﺎﺒ ﺍﻭﺒﺭﻀﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻼﻜﻟﺍ لﻫﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻤﻜﺤ
. ﻡﻼﻜﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺒﻗﺃﻭ ﺔﻨﺴﻟﺍﻭ
Òhviv Bjgyj Kvjvg PP©v K‡i Zvi wel‡q Avgvi weavb GB †h, Zv‡`i‡K †LRy‡ii Wvj I RyZv w`‡q †cUv‡Z n‡e, Gfv‡e
gnj­vq gnj­vq I Kexjvmg~‡ni g‡a¨ Nywi‡q wb‡q †eov‡Z n‡e Ges ej‡Z n‡e: hviv wKZve I mybœvZ †Q‡W Bjgyj Kvjv‡g
g‡bvwb‡ek K‡i Zv‡`i G kvw¯—|Ó 22
5g wnRix kZvãx †_‡K Avnjym mybœv‡Zi †Kv‡bv‡Kv‡bv Avwjg Bmjvgx AvKx`v ev Avjûm mybœv‡Zi AvKx`v e¨vL¨vi
Rb¨ Bjgyj Kvjv‡gi cwifvlv I c×wZ e¨venvi K‡i‡Qb Ges AvKx`v kv¯¿‡K Bjgyj Kvjvg bv‡g AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb| weåvš—
wdiKvmg~‡ni weåvwš—i DËi cÖ`v‡bi GKvš— cÖ‡qvR‡bB Zviv Bjgyj Kvjv‡gi cwifvlv I c×wZ MÖnY K‡i‡Qb e‡j D‡j­L
K‡i‡Qb| 23
1. 2. Bmjvgx AvKx`vi Drm
1. 2. 1. wek¦vm ebvg Ávb
wek¦vm ev Cgv‡bi wfwË n‡jv Ávb| †Kv‡bv wel‡q wek¦vm Ki‡Z n‡j Zv‡K Rvb‡Z n‡e| weï× Cgvb ev wek¦vmB †h‡nZz
`ywbqv I AvwLiv‡Z gvbexq mdjZvi g~j PvweKvwV †m‡nZz Cgvb welK Ávb AR©b KivB gvbe Rxe‡bi me©cÖ_g I me‡P‡q
¸i“Z¡c~Y© dih `vwqZ¡| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻨَﺃ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻋﺎ ﹶﻓ
ÔÔAZGe Zzwg †R‡b ivL †h, Avj­vn e¨ZxZ †Kv‡bv gvey` ev Dcvm¨ †bB|ÕÕ 24
weï× Cgvb welqK mwVK ÁvbB gvbe Rxe‡bi me©‡kªô I me‡P‡q cÖ‡qvRbxq Ávb| Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h,
Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) Cgvb-AvKx`v wel‡q iwPZ Zuvi cy¯—KwUi bvgKiY K‡ib ÔAvj-wdKûj AvKeviÕ, A_©vr ÔÔm‡e©vËg ev
g‡nvËg wdKn&Ó|
1. 2. 2. Cgvbx Áv‡bi GKgvÎ Drm Inx
gvbexq Áv‡bi wewfbœ Drm i‡q‡Q| †jvKvPvi, hyw³, AwfÁZv, `k©b, j¨ve‡iUwii M‡elYv BZ¨vw` wewfbœ Drm †_‡K
gvbyl Ávb AR©b K‡i| GLb cÖkœ n‡jv, Cgvb, wek¦vm, ag©wek¦vm ev AvKx`v welqK Áv‡bi Drm Kx?
Avgiv Rvwb †h, Cgvb ev ag©wek¦v‡mi †K›`ª gnvb mªóv Avj­vn| mKj hy‡Mi gvbe mgv‡Ri BwZnvm I mf¨Zv ch©v‡jvPbv
Ki‡j Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, mKj hy‡M mKj †`‡k mKj RvwZi I mgv‡Ri cÖvq mKj gvbylB G wek¦vm K‡i‡Qb ev K‡ib †h,
GB we‡k¦i GKRb mªóv Av‡Qb| mªóvi Aw¯—‡Z¡ wek¦vm K‡ib bv Ggb e¨w³i msL¨v LyeB Kg| eZ©gvb we‡k¦i kZkZ †KvwU gvby‡li
g‡a¨I AwZ bMY¨ msL¨K gvby‡li mÜvb cvIqv hv‡e hviv mªóvq wek¦vm K‡ib bv| Gi g~jZ `y‡Uv KviY i‡q‡Q:
cÖ_gZ: mªóvi cÖwZ wek¦vm gvby‡li Rb¥MZ I cÖvK…wZK AbyfzwZ| AvZ¥‡cÖg, wcZvgvZv ev mš—v‡bi cÖwZ AvKl©Y
BZ¨vw`i gZ mªóvi cÖwZ wek¦vm gvby‡li Aw¯’g¾vi mv‡_ wg‡k Av‡Q| gnvb mªóv GB wek¦v‡mi AbyfzwZ w`‡qB cÖwZwU gvbe
AvZ¥v‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb| G wek¦vm weK…Z n‡Z cv‡i, G‡K Ae`wgZ Kiv hvq, Z‡e G‡K G‡Kev‡i wbg©~j Kiv hvq bv| ZvB
hviv wb‡R‡`‡K mªóvq wek¦vmx bb e‡j g‡b K‡ib ZuvivI g~jZ g‡bi MfxiZg ¯’vb †_‡K wek¦vm‡K gy‡Q †dj‡Z cv‡ib wb,
hw`I Zviv me©‡Zvfv‡e †Póv K‡ib Awek¦vm Kivi|
wØZxqZ: GB we‡k¦i cÖwZwU m„wói g‡a¨ mªóv‡K †Pbvi I Rvbvi wb`k©b I cÖgvY i‡q‡Q| ZvB m„wói inm¨ I m²Zv
m¤ú‡K© gvby‡li Ávb hZ evo‡Q, mªóvi gn‡Ëi cÖwZ gvby‡li wek¦vm ZZB Mfxi n‡PQ| m„wói inm¨, RwUjZv, gvbe‡`n,
RxeRMZ, MÖn bÎ BZ¨vw` wekvj myk„•Lj mywbqwš¿Z wek¦ wb‡q hvivB M‡elYv ev wPš—vfvebv K‡i‡Qb ev Ki‡Qb, ZvivB
mªóvi gn‡Z¡i Dcjwä‡Z cwic~Y© n‡”Qb|
20

GLv‡b cÖkœ D‡V †h, mKj †`‡ki mKj gvbyl hLb mªóvi wek¦v‡m GKgZ, Zvn‡j ag© ev ag©wek¦vm wb‡q GZ gZwe‡iva
†Kb?
Gi KviY, mªóvi Aw¯—‡Z¡ g~jZ gZwe‡iva †bB| gZwe‡iva n‡q‡Q mªóvi cÖK…wZ, m„wói mv‡_ Zvi m¤úK©, mªóvi cÖwZ `vwqZ¡,
Zuv‡K WvKvi ev Zuvi Dcvmbv Kivi wbqg c×wZ BZ¨vw` wb‡q| cÖ‡Z¨K gvbylB wb‡Ri Rb¥MZ AbyfzwZ w`‡q Ges m„wói w`‡K
ZvwK‡q Zvi Ávb, hyw³ I we‡eK w`‡q mªóvi Aw¯—Z¡ Abyfe K‡ib| Z‡e wKfv‡e Zuv‡K WvK‡Z n‡e, wKfv‡e Zuvi cÖwZ g‡bi
AvKzwZ cÖKvk Ki‡Z n‡e, wKfv‡e Zuvi mvnvh¨, Ki“Yv ev mš‘wó AR©b Kiv hv‡e BZ¨vw` welq gvbyl hyw³, we‡eK ev M‡elYvi
gva¨‡g eyS‡Z cv‡i bv | G‡‡Î hLbB gvbyl wb‡Ri aviYv ev Kíbvi AbymiY K‡i, ZLbB gZwe‡iv‡ai m„wó nq Ges gvbyl
weåvwš—‡Z wbcwZZ nq|
G Rb¨ gnvb mªóv Ki“Yvgq Avj­vn gvbyl‡K Ávb eyw× I we‡eK w`‡q m„wói †miv iƒ‡c m„wó Kivi c‡iI Zvi c_
cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ hy‡M hy‡M bex-ivm~j †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb| wZwb hy‡M hy‡M wewfbœ RvwZ, mgvR I Rb‡Mvôxi ga¨ †_‡K wKQy gnvb
gvbyl‡K †e‡Q wb‡q Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Zuvi evYx ev Inx †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb| gvbyl hyw³, eyw×, we‡eK, M‡elYv I AwfÁZv w`‡q †h
mKj welq mwVK I P~ovš— m‡Z¨ †cuŠQv‡Z mg nq bv †m mKj welq wZwb Inx ev cÖZ¨v‡`‡ki (devine revelation/
inspiration) gva¨‡g wkv `vb K‡i‡Qb|
wKfv‡e Avj­vni Dci Cgvb Avb‡Z n‡e, wKfv‡e bex imyj‡`i Dci Cgvb Avb‡Z n‡e, wKfv‡e Avj­vn‡K WvK‡Z n‡e
ev Zuvi Bev`Z-Avivabv Ki‡Z n‡e, m„wói mv‡_ mªóvi m¤úK© wKiƒc n‡e, g„Zz¨i c‡i gvby‡li wK Ae¯’v n‡e BZ¨vw` welq
we‡klfv‡e Inxi gva¨‡g we¯—vwiZ wkv `vb K‡i‡Qb| G welq¸wjB Cgvb ev ag©-wek¦v‡mi wfwË|
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, Cgvb ev ag©xq wek¦vm welqK Áv‡bi GKgvÎ wbf©i‡hvM¨ Drm Inx (revelation)| GRb¨
KziAvb I nv`x‡m GKw`‡K †hgb Avj­vni c †_‡K Inxi gva¨‡g cvIqv Áv‡bi Dci Cgvb ev wek¦v‡mi wfwË ¯’vcb Kivi
Rb¨ wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q, Aciw`‡K †Zgwb †jvKvPvi, Kzms¯‹vi, mvgvwRK cÖPjb, ag©¸i“ ev c~e©cyi“l‡`i wkv, A¯úó
fvmv fvmv aviYv ev wb‡Ri e¨w³MZ hyw³ I cQ‡›`i Dci wek¦v‡mi wfwË ¯’vcb Ki‡Z we‡klfv‡e wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Avj­vni c †_‡K †cÖwiZ Inxi Ávb Qvov wb‡Ri aviYv, gZvgZ, mgv‡Ri cÖPjb BZ¨vw`i Dci wbf©iZv gvby‡li weåvwš—
I c_åóZvi Ab¨Zg KviY e‡j KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b ejv n‡q‡Q| GK¯’v‡b gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb,
�ﺀﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘﺍ
Ò†Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU †_‡K †Zvgv‡`i wbKU hv AeZxY© n‡q‡Q †Zvgiv Zvi AbymiY Ki Ges Zuv‡K Qvov Ab¨
AwffveK‡K AbymiY K‡iv bv|Ó 25
Inxi wecix‡Z Inx‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kivi †‡Î hy‡M hy‡M gvbyl‡`i hyw³ I cÖgvY wQj mvgvwRK cÖPjb, c~e©cyi“l‡`i wek¦vm ev
wb‡R‡`i e¨w³MZ cQ›`| GB cÖeYZv‡K wewfbœ gvbe mgv‡Ri weåvwš—i g~j KviY wn‡m‡e KziAvb Kvix‡g wPwÎZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
cweÎ KziAv‡b Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, wewfbœ hy‡M wewfbœ RvwZi Kv‡Q hLb Avj­vni bex-ivm~jMY mwVK wek¦vm ev
Bmjvg cÖPvi K‡ib, ZLb †mB RvwZi Awek¦vmxiv bex-ivmyj‡`i Avnevb GB hyw³‡Z cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i‡Qb †h, Zv‡`i
cÖPvwiZ wek¦vm mgv‡R cÖPwjZ wek¦v‡mi cwicš’x, Zviv hyM hyM a‡i hv †R‡b Avm‡Qb ‡g‡b Avm‡Qb Zvi we‡ivax| b~n (Av)
m¤ú‡K© KziAv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q †h, wZwb hLb Zvi D¤§Z‡K Bmjv‡gi c‡_ Avnevb Ki‡jb ZLb Zviv Zvi AvnŸvb cÖZ¨vL¨vb
K‡i Ges e‡j:
�ﻥﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﻷﺍ ﺎﹶﻨِﺌﺎ�ﺒَﺁ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻬﹺﺒ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺴ ﺎ�ﻤ
ÔÔAvgiv †Zv Avgv‡`i cye©cyi“l‡`i g‡a¨ G K_v ïwbwb|ÕÕ 26
g~mv (Av) hLb wdivDb I Zvi m¤úÖ`vq‡K Avj­vni c‡_ Avnevb K‡ib ZLb ZvivI GKB hyw³‡Z Zvi Dci Cgvb Avb‡Z
A¯^xKvi K‡i e‡j:
�ﻥﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺄﹾﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨِﺌﺎ�ﺒَﺁ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻬﹺﺒ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒAvgv‡`i c~e© cyi“l‡`i Kv‡j KL‡bv Avgiv Giƒc K_v ïwb wb|Ó 27
mKj hy‡M Awek¦vmxiv G hyw³‡ZB Inx cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i‡Q| Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡ�ﻫﹺﺭﺎـﹶﺜَﺁ ﻰـﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎـﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺔـ�ﻤُﺃ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺀﺎ�ﺒَﺁ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺩ�ﺠ�ﻭ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ ﺎ�ﻫﻭﹸﻓ�ﺭﹾﺘ�ﻤ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﻻِﺇ ﹴﺭﻴ�ﺫﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺔ�ﻴ�ﺭﹶﻗ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻜ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺩﹶﺘﹾﻘ�ﻤ
ÔÔGes Gfv‡e Avcbvi c~‡e© †Kv‡bv Rbc‡` hLbB †Kv‡bv mZK©Kvix †cÖiY K‡iwQ, ZLbB †m Rbc‡`i mg„×kvjx
(†bZ…ch©v‡qi) †jv‡Kiv ejZ, ÔAvgiv †Zv Avgv‡`i c~e©cyi“l‡`i‡K †c‡qwQ GK gZv`‡k©i Dci Ges Avgiv Zv‡`iB c`vsK
21

AbymiY K‡i P‡jwQÕ|Ó 28
ivm~jyj­vn (�) hLb g°vq Bmjvg cÖPvi K‡ib, ZLb g°vi Awek¦vmxiv GB GKB hyw³‡Z Zvui AvnŸvb cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡ib|
KziAvb Kvix‡gi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b evisevi Zv‡`i GB hyw³i K_v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| 29
e¯‘Z, Zviv hyM hyM a‡i mgv‡R cÖPvwiZ wek¦vm I Kg© Qvo‡Z ivwR wQ‡jb bv| Zviv `vwe Ki‡Zb †h, Beivnxg (Av),
BmgvCj (Av) I Ab¨vb¨ bex I †bKKvi gvbyl‡`i †_‡K c~e©cyi“l‡`i gva¨‡g cvIqv Zv‡`i wek¦vmB mwVK| Zv‡`i g‡Zi
wei“‡× Inxi gZ‡K MÖnY Ki‡Z Zviv ivwR wQ‡jb bv| Avevi Zv‡`i wek¦vm‡K †Kv‡bv Inxi m~Î Øviv cÖgvY Ki‡ZI ivwR
wQ‡jb bv| eis Zv‡`i wek¦vm ev Kg© Ôc~e©cyi“l‡`i gva¨‡g bex-ivm~j ev †bKKvi gvbyl‡`i †_‡K cÖvßÕ GK_vwUB wQj Zv‡`i
P~ovš— `wjj I hyw³| G wel‡q KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| GK¯’v‡b gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭـﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ �ﻭﹶﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﺘ�ﺩﺎ�ﻬﹶﺸ �ﺏﹶﺘﹾﻜﹸﺘ�ﺴ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻘﹾﻠﹶﺨ ﺍﻭ�ﺩﹺﻬﹶﺸَﺃ ﺎﹰﺜﺎﹶﻨِﺇ ﹺﻥ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﹶﺔﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻭ
ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺩـ�ﺠ�ﻭ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ ْل�ﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜ�ﺴ�ﻤﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﺒﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﺘَﺁ
�ﻡَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﺼ�ﺭﹾﺨ�ﻴ ﻻِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻥِﺇ ﹴﻡﹾﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎﹶﻨ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺩﹶﺘ�ﻬ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻫﹺﺭﺎﹶﺜَﺁ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﻤُﺃ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺀﺎ�ﺒَﺁ
ÒZviv `qvgq Avj­vni ev›`v wdwkZvMY‡K bvix e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Q; Zv‡`i m„wó wK Zviv cÖZ¨ K‡iwQj? Zv‡`i Dw³
wjwce× Kiv n‡e Ges Zv‡`i‡K wRÁvmv Kiv n‡e| Zviv e‡j, Ô`qvgq Avj­vn B”Qv Ki‡j Avgiv G‡`i c~Rv-Dcvmbv KiZvg
bv|Õ G wel‡q Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv Ávb †bB; Zviv †Zv †Kej Av›`vh-Abygvb K‡i wg_¨v ej‡Q| Avwg wK Zv‡`i‡K KziAv‡bi c~‡e©
†Kv‡bv wKZve `vb K‡iwQ hv Zviv `„pfv‡e aviY K‡i Av‡Q? eis Zviv e‡j, ÔAvgiv †Zv Avgv‡`i c~e©cyi“l‡`i‡K †c‡qwQ GK
gZv`‡k©i Abymvix Ges Avgiv Zv‡`i c`v¼ AbymiY K‡iB myc_cÖvß ne|Ó 30
GLv‡b g°vi gvbyl‡`i `ywU wek¦v‡mi ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖ_gZ wdwikZvMY‡K bvix e‡j wek¦vm Kiv Ges
wØZxqZ ZvK`x‡ii wek¦vm ev Avj­vni gZvi wek¦vm weK…Z K‡i wb‡R‡`i Kg©‡K Avj­vni cQ›`bxq e‡j `vwe Kiv| A_©vr
Avj­vni B”Qv Qvov †Zv wKQzB nq bv; Kv‡RB Avj­vni B”Qv bv n‡j †Zv Avgiv wdwikZv‡`i c~Rv KiZvg bv| A_ev Avj­vni
cweÎ bMix‡Z cweÎ N‡ii g‡a¨ Avgiv wdwikZv‡`i Dcvmbv K‡i _vwK| G Kg© hw` Avj­vni cQ›`bxq bv n‡Zv Z‡e wZwb
Aek¨B Avgv‡`i kvw¯— cÖ`vb Ki‡Zb| wZwb †h‡nZz Avgv‡`i‡K kvw¯— †`b wb, †m‡nZz Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, G K‡g© wZwb
mš‘ó i‡q‡Qb|
Zv‡`i G wek¦v‡mi wel‡q KziAv‡bi e³e¨ †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, wek¦v‡mi welqwU ÔMvBeÕ ev A`„k¨ RM‡Zi mv‡_
m¤ú„³| †`‡L, cÖZ¨ K‡i ev Bw›`ª‡qi gva¨‡g ÁvZ n‡q G wel‡q wKQz ejv hvq bv| GKgvÎ Inx Qvov G wel‡q wKQzB ejv
m¤¢e bq| Inxi evB‡i hv wKQz ejv nq Zv Av›`vh, wg_¨v ev Inxi weK…wZ Qvov wKQzB bq| Avi g°vi gvbyl‡`i GB wek¦vm `ywU
cÖgv‡Yi Rb¨ Zviv c~‡e©i †Kv‡bv Avmgvbx wKZve ev Inxi cÖgvY w`‡Z Ag wQj| KviY Zv‡`i wbKU Giƒc †Kv‡bv MÖš’ wQj
bv| Zv‡`i wek¦v‡mi wfwË wQj wØwea: cÖ_gZ, Inxi Áv‡bi e¨vL¨v ev Ace¨vL¨v| wØZxqZ, c~e©cyi“l‡`i †`vnvB †`Iqv|
cÖ_g welqwU m¤ú‡K© Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb †h, Zviv ¯úó ب_©nxb †Kv‡bv Inxi evYx G‡‡Î †ck Ki‡Z cv‡i bv; eis
Av›`v‡h Avj­vni m¤ú‡K© wg_¨v e‡j|
wØZxq welqwU KziAv‡b wewfbœ fv‡e LÊb Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖ_gZ, c~e© cyi“l‡`i A‡b‡KB mwZ¨B †bKKvi wQ‡jb ev bex-ivm~j
wQ‡jb| Z‡e Zv‡`i bv‡g hv cÖPwjZ Zv mwVK wKbv Zv hvPvB Kiv m¤¢e bq| Kv‡RB Zv‡`i †`vnvB bv w`‡q my¯úó Inxi wb‡`©kbv
gZ Pj‡Z n‡e| G wel‡q KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Beivnxg (Av), BmgvCj (Av), BmnvK (Av), BqvK~e (Av) I Ab¨vb¨ bexivm~‡ji
K_v D‡j­L K‡i ejv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴﹸﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﺒ�ﺴﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﹾﺕ�ﺒ�ﺴﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﹾﺕﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﹲﺔ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻙﹾﻠ�ﺘ
Ò‡m mKj gvbyl AZxZ n‡q‡Q| Zviv hv AR©b K‡i‡Q Zv Zv‡`i| †Zvgiv hv AR©b Kiv Zv †Zvgv‡`i| Zviv hv KiZ
†m m¤ú‡K© †Zvgv‡`i‡K †Kv‡bv cÖkœ Kiv n‡e bv|Ó 31
Ab¨vb¨ ¯’v‡b Avj­vn D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, cieZ©x c~e©cyi“l‡`i g‡a¨ A‡b‡KB AÁ I weåvš— wQ‡jb| Kv‡RB Inxi
wecix‡Z G‡`i †`vnvB †`Iqv weåvwš— ˆe wKQzB bq| Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴـﹶﺸ �ﻥﻭـﹸﻠ�ﻘ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻡ�ﻫُﺅﺎـ�ﺒَﺁ �ﻥﺎـﹶﻜ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭَﺃ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺀﺎ�ﺒَﺁ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﻔﹾﻟَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻊﹺﺒﱠﺘﹶﻨ ْل�ﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ َلﻴ�ﻗ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ
22
�ﻥﻭ�ﺩﹶﺘ�ﻬ�ﻴ
ÔÔhLb Zv‡`i‡K ejv nq, Avj­vn hv AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Zv †Zvgiv AbymiY Ki, ZLb Zviv e‡j, Ôbv, bv, eis Avgiv

Avgv‡`i wcZv- wcZvgnv‡`i‡K †h Kg© I wek¦v‡mi Dc‡i †c‡qwQ ZviB AbymiY K‡i Pje| GgbwK Zv‡`i wcZvwcZvgnMY
hw`I wKQzB eySZ bv Ges Zvi mrc‡_I cwiPvwjZ wQj bv, Z_vwcI?Ó 32
Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb †h, c~e©cyi“lMY †Kgb wQ‡jb †m K_v wb‡q weZK© bv K‡i g~j wek¦vm ev Kg© wb‡q wPš—v Ki|
hw` bex-ivm~jM‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖvß Inxi Ávb cÖPwjZ wek¦vm ev K‡g©i †P‡q DËg nq Z‡e wcZ…cyi“l‡`i †`vnvq w`‡q Zv
cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡iv bv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺀﺎ�ﺒَﺁ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﺩ�ﺠ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻫَﺄﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﺘْﺌﹺﺠ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻗ
Ò(†m bex) e‡jb, †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i c~e©cyi“l‡`i †h c‡_ †c‡qQ Avwg hw` †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ Z`‡cv DrK…ó c_-wb‡`©k
Avbqb Kwi, ZeyI wK †Zvgiv Zv‡`i c`vsK AbymiY Ki‡e?Õ Zviv e‡j, Ô†Zvgiv hv mn †cÖwiZ n‡qQ Avgiv Zv cÖZ¨vL¨vb
KwiÕ|Ó 33
Inxi wecix‡Z Awek¦vmx‡`i Giƒc wek¦vm‡K ÔaviYvÕ ÔKíbvÕ ev ÔAv›`vhÕ e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn
e‡jb:
ﻰـﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻠ�ﺒـﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﺏﱠﺫﹶﻜ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻜ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤ�ﺭ�ﺤ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨُﺅﺎ�ﺒَﺁ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻜ�ﺭﹾﺸَﺃ
ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ �ﻭﹶﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻜ�ﺭﹾﺸَﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﺴ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺼ�ﺭﹾﺨﹶﺘ ﻻِﺇ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻥﱠﻅﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘﹶﺘ �ﻥِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻟ �ﻩﻭ�ﺠﹺﺭﹾﺨﹸﺘﹶﻓ ﹴﻡﹾﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ْل�ﻫ ْلﹸﻗ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺴْﺄ�ﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻗﺍﹶﺫ
Òhviv wkiK K‡i‡Q Zviv ej‡e, ÔAvj­vn hw` B”Qv Ki‡Zb Z‡e Avgiv I Avgv‡`i c~e©cyi“lMY wkiK KiZvg bv Ges
†Kv‡bv wKQzB wbwl× KiZvg bv|Õ Gfv‡e Zv‡`i c~e©ewZ©MYI Awek¦vm K‡iwQj, Ae‡k‡l Zviv Avgvi kvw¯— †fvM K‡iwQj| ejyb,
†Zvgv‡`i wbKU †Kv‡bv ÔBjgÕ (Ávb) Av‡Q wK? _vK‡j Avgv‡`i wbKU Zv †ck Ki| †Zvgiv ïay aviYviB AbymiY Ki Ges
†Zvgiv ïay Abygvb wbf©i wg_¨v K_vB ej|Ó 34
GLv‡bI ZvK`x‡ii wek¦vm ev Avj­vni gZvi wek¦vm‡K weK…Z K‡i Zviv hv e‡j‡Q Zv‡K ÔAv›`vhÕ, ÔaviYvÕ ev ÔKíbvÕ
e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Gi wecix‡Z Zv‡`i wbKU Zv‡`i wek¦v‡mi I `vwei ¯^c‡ ÔBjgÕ ev my¯úó I ب_©nxb Inxi
e³e¨ `vwe Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Ab¨ ¯’v‡b ejv n‡q‡Q:
23
�ﻥﻭ�ﺼ�ﺭﹾﺨ�ﻴ ﻻِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻥﱠﻅﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘ�ﻴ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِلﻴﹺﺒ�ﺴ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻙﻭﱡﻠ�ﻀ�ﻴ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺭﹶﺜﹾﻜَﺃ �ﻊ�ﻁﹸﺘ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ
ÔÔhw` Zzwg `ywbqvi AwaKvsk gvby‡li AbymiY Ki Zvn‡j Zviv †Zvgv‡K Avj­vni c_ †_‡K weåvš— Ki‡e; Zviv
†KejgvÎ aviYvi AbymiY K‡i P‡j Ges Zvi ïaygvÎ Abygv‡bi Dci wbf©i K‡i|ÕÕ 35
Ab¨Î ejv n‡q‡Q:
ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻨﹾﻐ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻥﱠﻅﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ ﺎ�ﻨﹶﻅ ﻻِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭﹶﺜﹾﻜَﺃ �ﻊﹺﺒﱠﺘ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÔÔAwaKvsk gvbylB †KejgvÎ aviYv-Kíbvi AbymiY K‡i P‡j| e¯‘Z mZ¨‡K Rvbvi †‡Î aviYv †Kv‡bv Kv‡RB Av‡m
bv| ÕÕ 36
Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﱠﻅﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻥﱠﻅﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘ�ﻴ �ﻥِﺇ ﹴﻡﹾﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﻰﹶﺜﹾﻨُﻷﺍ ﹶﺔ�ﻴ�ﻤ�ﺴﹶﺘ ﹶﺔﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤ�ﺴ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﺓ�ﺭ�ﺨَﻵﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻨﹾﻐ�ﻴ ﻻ
Òhviv AvwLiv‡Z wek¦vm K‡i bv Zviv wdwikZv‡`i‡K bvixevPK bvg w`‡q _v‡K| G wel‡q Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv Ávb (Bjg)
†bB; Zviv †Kej aviYv-Abygv‡bi AbymiY K‡i; Avi m‡Z¨i gyKvwejvq aviYv-Abygv‡bi †Kv‡bv g~j¨ †bB|Ó 37
GQvov Giƒc wek¦vm‡K ÔcÖe„wËi AbymiYÕ ev wb‡Ri gb-gwR© ev e¨w³MZ cQ›`-AcQ‡›`i AbymiY e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv
n‡q‡Q| A_©vr ÔAvgvi Kv‡Q cQ›` Kv‡RB Avwg GB gZ MÖnY Kijvg Ges Avgvi Kv‡Q cQ›` bq Kv‡RB Avwg GB gZ MÖnY
Kijvg bv| Avgvi cQ›` ev AcQ›` Avwg ÔInxÕ Øviv cÖgvY Ki‡Z eva¨ bB|
wbtm‡›`‡n, MvBe ev A`„k¨ RMZ m¤ú‡K© Inxi evB‡i hv wKQz ejv nq meB aviYv, Abygvb, Av›`vh ev Kíbv n‡Z
eva¨| Avi my¯úó ب_©nxb we‡eK I hyw³MÖvn¨ Inx‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i Giƒc Av›`vh ev aviYv‡K wek¦v‡mi wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY

Kiv ev cye©cyi“l‡`i †`vnvB w`‡q Inx A¯^xKvi ev cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kiv wb‡Ri gwR© ev ÔcÖe„wËiÕ AbymiY ˆe wKQzB bq| G wel‡q
KziAvb Kvix‡g Bikv` Kiv n‡q‡Q:
24
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻬ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻫ ﹺﺭ�ﻴﹶﻐﹺﺒ �ﻩﺍ�ﻭ�ﻫ �ﻊ�ﺒﱠﺘﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﱡل�ﻀَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÔÔ†h e¨w³ Avj­vni c †_‡K †cÖwiZ c_wb‡`©kbv Qvov wb‡Ri B”Qv ev gZvg‡Zi AbymiY K‡i Zvi †P‡q weåvš— Avi
†KD bq| wbðq Avj­vn Rvwjg m¤úÖ`vq‡K †n`v‡qZ K‡ib bv|ÕÕ 38
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
�ﺱﹸﻔﹾﻨَﻷﺍ ﻯ�ﻭ�ﻬﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻥﱠﻅﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘ�ﻴ �ﻥِﺇ
ÔÔZviv †Zv ïaygvÎ Abygvb I wb‡R‡`i cÖe„wËiB AbymiY K‡i|ÕÕ 39
KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b welqwU D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| 40
1. 2. 3. Z‡_¨i weï×Zv wbY©q I Áv‡bi cÖKvi‡f`
e¯‘Z Avgiv GK_v ej‡Z cvwi bv AgyK Kg© mevB Ki‡Q ev Avgv‡`i mgv‡R hyM a‡i Pvjy Av‡Q, Kv‡RB Zv wVK Ges
Avgiv Zv Kie| KviY †Kv‡bv Kg© ev wek¦vm mgv‡R cÖPwjZ _vKv ev wcZv wcZvgn‡`i hyM †_‡K AwP©Z nIqv Zvi mwVK nIqvi
ev wbf©yj nIqvi cÖgvY bq| mgv‡Ri cÖPwjZ Kg© ev wek¦vm wVKI n‡Z cv‡i, fzjI n‡Z cv‡i| mwVK ev fzj cÖgvwYZ n‡e Áv‡bi
gva¨‡g|
†hgb g‡b Ki“b †Kv‡bv mgv‡R cÖPwjZ Av‡Q †h Kv‡iv R¡zi n‡j AgyK Mv‡Qi im ev dj †L‡j my¯’ n‡q hv‡e| †mLv‡b
G K_vI cÖPwjZ †h AgyK Kg© Ki‡j Avj­vn Zv‡K cyi¯‹vi ev eiKZ `vb Ki‡eb ev †m g„Zz¨i c‡i kvwš— cv‡e|
mgv‡R cÖPwjZ _vKv GB aviYv `yBwUi mwVK‡Z¡i cÖgvY bq| G¸‡jv wVK bv fzj Zv Rvb‡Z n‡j Avgv‡`i Áv‡bi mÜvb
Ki‡Z n‡e| Avgv‡`i Ávb `y cÖKv‡ii: cÖ_gZ, M‡elYv, cixv-wbixv, hyw³ ev AwfÁZvjä Ávb Ges wØZxqZ, Avj­vni c
†_‡K †cÖwiZ Inxjä Ávb|
cÖ_g aviYvwU, A_©vr wbw`©ó GKwU Mv‡Qi im ev dj †L‡j R¡i †m‡i hv‡e GB welqwU cÖgvY Ki‡Z n‡j Avgv‡`i
j¨ve‡iUixi M‡elYv I cixv-wbixvi gva¨‡g AwfÁZvjä Ávb AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e| Gfv‡e Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvie †h,
Dc‡iv³ aviYvwU mwVK A_ev mwVK bq|
wØZxq aviYvwU, A_©vr wbw`©ó GKwU K‡g© Avj­vn Lywk n‡eb ev eiKZ `vb Ki‡eb ev Zv‡Z gyZz¨i c‡i kvwš— cvIqv hv‡e,
GB welqwU cÖgvY Ki‡Z n‡j Avgv‡`i‡K Inxjä Áv‡bi Avkªq wb‡Z n‡e; KviY GB welqwU Avgv‡`i gvbexq M‡elYv I
AwfÁZvi D‡aŸ©| GRb¨ Avgiv G‡‡Î †`Le Avj­vn welqwU Inxi gva¨‡g Avgv‡`i‡K Rvwb‡q‡Qb wKbv|
G Rb¨ Avgiv †`wL †h, wewfbœ hy‡M I RvwZ‡Z hLb Kvwdiiv Zv‡`i cÖwZ †cÖwiZ ivm~‡ji Dci Cgvb Avb‡Z A¯^xKvi
K‡i‡Q Ges Zv‡`i mgv‡R cÖPwjZ ag© I wek¦vm‡K mwVK e‡j `vwe K‡i‡Q, ZLb wZwb Zv‡`i‡K Inxi Ávb †_‡K cÖgvY †ck
Ki‡Z AvnŸvb K‡i‡Qb Ges Cgv‡bi e¨vcv‡i Inxi Dci wbf©i bv Kivi wb›`v K‡i‡Qb| 41
g°vi Kvwdi‡`i Ae¯’vI wQj Abyiƒc| Zviv hLb ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi cÖwZ Cgvb Avb‡Z A¯^xKvi Ki‡jv Ges Zv‡`i
mgv‡R cÖPwjZ wek¦vm I AvPvi AvPiY‡K mwVK e‡j `vwe Ki‡jv, ZLb Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i wek¦vm I a‡g©i c‡
Anxjä Ávb †_‡K cÖgvY †ck Kivi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡَﺃ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤـ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲـ�ﻓ �ﻙ�ﺭ�ﺸ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻡَﺃ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﹶﻠﹶﺨ ﺍﹶﺫﺎ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻨﻭ�ﺭَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺀﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﹸﺸ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﻴَﺃ�ﺭَﺃ ْلﹸﻗ
ﺍ�ﺭﻭ�ﺭﹸﻏ ﻻِﺇ
ﺎ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥِﺇ ْل�ﺒ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﺔﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﺒﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﺘَﺁ
ÔÔej, †Zvgiv Avj­vni mv‡_ kixK evwb‡q Avj­vni cwie‡Z© hv‡`i‡K WvK Zv‡`i wel‡q †f‡e †`‡LQ wK? Zviv
c„w_ex‡Z wKQy m„wó K‡i _vK‡j Zv Avgv‡K †`LvI, A_ev AvKvkgÊjxi m„wó‡Z Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv Ask Av‡Q wK? bv wK Avwg
Zv‡`i‡K †Kv‡bv wKZve w`‡qwQ (Inxi Ávb `vb K‡iwQ) hvi cÖgv‡Yi Dci Zviv wbf©i K‡i? e¯‘Z Rvwjgiv G‡K Aci‡K
wg_¨v cÖwZkª“wZ w`‡q _v‡K|ÕÕ 42
GLv‡b KziAvb Kvix‡gi cÖgvY‡c‡ki c×wZ we‡klfv‡e jYxq| cÖ_‡g mvaviY gvbexq eyw×, we‡eK I hyw³i Dci
wbf©i Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Gici Inxi cÖgvY PvIqv n‡q‡Q| Gici Zv‡`i wki‡Ki cÖK…Z Ae¯’v ejv n‡q‡Q|
mvaviY gvbexq eyw×, we‡eK I hyw³i †Zv `vwe GB †h, whwb mKj wKQzi mªóv, cÖwZcvjK I mKj gZvi gvwjK
Zv‡KB GKgvÎ WvK‡Z n‡e Ges Bev`Z Ki‡Z n‡e| GLb cÖkœ n‡jv, Cmv (Av), DhvBi (Av), Beivnxg (Av), BmgvCj

(Av), Ab¨vb¨ bexMY, wdwikZvMY ev KvíwbK †`e-†`weMY Avj­vni mv‡_ kixK evwb‡q wec‡` Avc‡` Avj­vni cwie‡Z©
hv‡`i‡K WvKv nq Zv‡`i WvKvi wcQ‡b †hŠw³KZv ev `jxj wK? Zviv wK we‡k¦i †Kv‡bv wKQz m„wyó K‡i‡Qb? cieZ©x
Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv †`Le †h, gykwiKMY GKev‡K¨ ¯^xKvi Ki‡Q †h, Zviv †Kv‡bvwKQzB m„wó K‡ib wb, eis gnvb Avj­vnB
gnvwe‡k¦i GKgvÎ mªóv I cÖwZcvjK| G‡Z ¯^vfvweK we‡eK I eyw× Øviv †h †Kv‡bv Ávbx gvbyl ¯^xKvi Ki‡eb †h, gnvb
Avj­vnB †h‡nZz GKgvÎ mªóv, cÖwZcvjK I mKj gZvi gvwjK, Zvn‡j Zv‡K Qvov A‡b¨i Bev`Z Kiv ev wec‡` Avc‡`
Ab¨ KvD‡K WvKv we‡eK-wei“× I A_©nxb|
wØZxq ch©v‡q Inxi cÖgvY PvIqv n‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i G we‡eK I hyw³wei“× K‡g©i c‡ Zviv `vwe KiZ †h, hv‡`i‡K
Zviv Bev`Z K‡i ev wec‡` Avc‡` hv‡`i‡K Wv‡K Zviv Avj­vni wcÖq e¨w³Z¡ ev Avj­vni Ômš—vbÕ, Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K
fvjev‡mb| Zv‡`i G `vwe AvswkK mZ¨ wQj| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, G‡`i A‡b‡KB g~jZ bex, wdwikZv ev †bKKvi gvbyl
wQ‡jb| Avi wKQz wQj KvíwbK e¨w³Z¡| Z‡e Avj­vni wcÖq nIqv †Zv Bev`Z cvIqvi ev Bjvn nIqvi †Kv‡bv cÖgvY bq|
GRb¨ gykwiKMY G‡‡Î Av‡iv `ywU `vwe KiZ| cÖ_gZ Zviv `vwe KiZ †h, G‡`i WvK‡j ev G‡`i Bev`Z Ki‡j Giv
Avj­vni ‰bKU¨ wgwj‡q †`b| 43 wØZxqZ Zviv `vwe KiZ †h, Avj­vni `iev‡i Avgv‡`i Rb¨ mycvwik K‡i Avgv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb
wgwU‡q w`‡eb| 44
Zv‡`i G mKj hyw³ meB wQj Kíbv, aviYv, Abygvb Ges cÖK…Z Inxi wkvi Ace¨vL¨v I weK…wZ| GRb¨ Avj­vn evisevi
Zv‡`i Kv‡Q ÔwKZveÕ ev Inxi my¯úó I ب_©nxb wb‡`©kbv `vwe K‡i‡Qb| hyw³ I we‡eK `vwe K‡i †h, GKgvÎ mªóv I
cÖwZcvjK‡KB Bev`Z Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e wZwb hw` Inxi gva¨‡g e‡j †`b †h, Avgvi Bev`‡Zi cÖ‡qvRb †bB, Avgvi ˆbKU¨ †c‡Z
n‡j Avgvi wcÖq e¨w³Z¡‡`i Bev`Z Ki‡Z n‡e, Zvn‡j Zviv †Zvgv‡`i‡K Avgvi ˆbKU¨ cvB‡q †`‡e, A_ev Avgvi Kv‡Q mivmwi
wKQz PvB‡j Zv cvIqv hv‡e bv, eis Avgvi wcÖq ev›`v‡`i wbKU †Zvgv‡`i Avãvi †ck Ki‡e, Zviv Avgvi Kv‡Q †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨
mycvwik Ki‡e| hw` Giƒc †Kv‡bv wb‡`©k wZwb my¯úófv‡e w`‡Zb Z‡e Avgiv Zvi wb‡`©k cvjb KiZvg| Giƒc †Kv‡bv wb‡`©k
wZwb KL‡bvB †`b wb| Kv‡RB †Zvgv‡`i Kg© hyw³ I we‡eK wei“× Ges Inxi wb‡`©kbvi mv‡_ mvsNwl©K|
me‡k‡l Zv‡`i wki‡Ki cÖK…Z Ae¯’v gnvb Avj­vn Rvwb‡q‡Qb| e¯‘Z gykwiKMY G‡K Aci‡K Zv‡`i wg_¨v Kíbv
cÖm~Z cÖwZkÖ“wZ cÖ`vb K‡i| †Zvgiv G‡`i Bev`Z Ki, G‡`i Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv Ki, G‡`i‡K WvK, Giv †Zvgv‡`i ÎvY Ki‡e,
AvwLiv‡Z gyw³ †`‡e BZ¨vw` wg_¨v cÖwZkÖ“wZB Zv‡`i GKgvÎ m¤^j|
g°vi Kvwdiiv †d‡ikZv‡`i‡K Avj­vni †g‡q e‡j wek¦vm KiZ| Zv‡`i GB wek¦v‡mi wfwË wQj Kíbv I mgv‡Ri cÖPwjZ
K_v| †Kv‡bv Inxjä Áv‡bi Dci GB wek¦v‡mi wfwË wQj bv| cweÎ KziAv‡b Zv‡`i GB wek¦v‡mi A‡hŠw³KZv I weåvwš— eY©bv
Kivi c‡i Zv‡` Kv‡Q Zv‡`i wek¦v‡mi c‡ Anxjä Ávb †_‡K, A_©vr Avj­vn c †_‡K †cÖwiZ MÖš’ †_‡K cÖgvY †P‡q ejv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻥﻴ�ﻗ�ﺩﺎ�ﺼ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜﹺﺒﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﺘْﺄﹶﻓ �ﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎﹶﻁﹾﻠ�ﺴ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﻡَﺃ
ÔÔ†Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q wK †Kv‡bv my¯úó cÖgvY Av‡Q? Zvn‡j †Zvgv‡`i Inxjä wKZveUv wb‡q Gm, hw` †Zvgiv mZ¨ev`x
n‡q _vK|ÕÕ 45
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, wek¦v‡mi wfwË Aek¨B Inx ev Avj­vni c †_‡K cvVv‡bv Áv‡bi Dci n‡Z n‡e| Avj­vn
wewfbœ hy‡M wewfbœ †`‡k I RvwZ‡Z bex I ivm~j †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb Ges Inx cvwV‡q‡Qb, GmKj Inxi wKZve (Divine Scripture)
meB bó ev weK…Z n‡q wM‡q‡Q, †h wel‡q Avgiv cieZ©x‡Z we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kie| GK gvÎ me©‡kl ivm~j gnvbex gynv¤§`
(�)-Gi Kv‡Q cvVv‡bv InxB wbf‚©jfv‡e msiwZ n‡q‡Q , hvi Dci Avgiv Avgv‡`i wek¦v‡mi wfwË ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cvwi|
1. 2. 4. Inxi cÖKvi‡f`: KziAvb I nv`xm
ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi cÖwZ `y cÖKv‡ii Inx †cÖwiZ n‡q‡Q Ges `y fv‡e Zv msiwZ n‡q‡Q: wKZve I wnKgvn ev mybœvZ|
GLv‡b Avgiv GB `y cÖKv‡ii Inxi wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kie| G Qvov ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi cÖwZ †cÖwiZ Inxi e¨vL¨v I cÖ‡qv‡M
Zuvi mnPi-mvnvexM‡Yi gZvg‡Zi ¸i“Z¡I Avgiv Av‡jvPbv Kie|
1. 2. 4. 1. KziAvb gvRx`
KziAvb Kvixg gvbe RvwZi Kv‡Q †cÖwiZ gnvb Avj­vni me©‡kl evYx| Gi cÖwZwU Ai, kã I evK¨ Avj­vni c †_‡K
†cÖwiZ| gnvbex gynv¤§` (�)-Gi ehm hLb 40 ermi ZLb †_‡K Avj­vn Zuvi Kv‡Q Inxi gva¨‡g KziAvb †cÖiY Ki‡Z ïi“
K‡ib| cieZ©x 23 ermi hver wewfbœ mg‡q cÖ‡qvRb gZ KziAv‡bi wewfbœ myiv I AvqvZ AeZxY© Kiv nq| 23 erm‡i Zv
cwic~Y©iƒ‡c AeZvwiZ nq| Avj­vni wbKU †_‡K cÖavb wdwikZv (Archangel) wReivCj (Av) ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi Kv‡Q Inx
wb‡q Avm‡Zb| ivm~jyj­vn (�) Zv cwic~Y©fv‡e gyL¯’ K‡i wb‡Zb| Gici wZwb Zvi mvnvex‡`i‡K wb‡`©k w`‡Zb Zv gyL¯’ Kivi
Rb¨ Ges wj‡L ivLvi Rb¨| Gfv‡e cwic~Y© KziAvb ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi RxeÏkvq c„_K c„_K KvMR, Pvgov, nvo BZ¨vw`‡Z
25

wjwce× Kiv nq Ges AmsL¨ mvnvex Zv gyL¯’ K‡i ‡bb| Zuvi mgq †_‡KB wZwb I mvnvexMY mvaviY mvjv‡Z Ges we‡klZ
ivw·Z Zvnv¾y‡`i mvjv‡Z wbqwgZ KziAvb wZjvIqvZ I LZg Ki‡Zb, A_©vr cwic~Y© KziAvb cÖ_g †_‡K †kl ch©š— gyL¯’ cvV
Ki‡Zb| A‡bK mvnvexB 3 †_‡K 7 ivw·Z Zvnv¾y‡`i mvjv‡Z KziAvb LZg Ki‡Zb| †KD †KD GKUz †ewk mgq a‡i Kg‡ewk
GK gv‡mi g‡a¨ Zvnv¾y` mvjv‡Z KziAvb LZg Ki‡Zb| GQvov wb‡Ri Kv‡Q msiwZ wjwLZ cvÊywjwc †_‡K †`‡L †`‡L w`e‡m
I ivw·Z Zv cvV Kiv wQj mvnvexM‡Yi wcÖqZg Bev`Z I ü`‡qi me‡P‡q eo Z…wß I Avb‡›`i Kg©|
Gfv‡e g~jZ gywgb‡`i ü`‡q gyL¯’ †i‡L I wbqwgZ iv‡Zi mvjv‡Z (Zvnv¾y‡`) LZ‡gi gva¨‡gB KziAvb‡K AweKj
AvwiKfv‡e msi‡Yi e¨e¯’v K‡ib Avj­vn| GQvov ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi Idv‡Zi c‡ii ermi Ljxdv Ave~ evK&i (iv)
ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi mg‡q wjwLZ c„_K KvMR, Pvgov, nvo BZ¨vw` †_‡K GKwÎZ K‡i cy¯—KvKv‡i msKjb Kivb|
cieZ©xKv‡j Ljxdv Dmgvb (iv) Zuvi kvmbvg‡j bZzb gymwjg cÖR‡b¥i gvbyl‡`i weï× KziAvb wkv I gyL¯’ Ki‡Yi
myweav‡_© Ave~ evK&i (iv) KZ©„K cy¯—KvKv‡i msKwjZ KziAvbwUi wewfbœ Abywjwc ˆZwi K‡i wewfbœ GjvKvq †cÖiY K‡ib|
Gfv‡e mKj gymwj‡gi cÖvZ¨wnK cv‡Vi wcÖqZg ag©MÖš’ wn‡m‡e KziAvb Kvixg cwic~Y© I AweK…Zfv‡e AMwYZ gvby‡li
ü`qc‡U Ges cy¯—KvKv‡i msiwZ nq| †hfv‡e Zv ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi Dci AeZvwiZ n‡q‡Q AvR ch©š— wVK †Zgwbfv‡e
AweK…Z I AcwiewZ©Zfv‡e msiwZ i‡q‡Q Ges mKj hy‡MB j j gymwjg Zv cwic~Y© gyL¯’ K‡i †i‡L‡Qb|
G KziAvbB gvbe RvwZi c‡_i w`kvix Ges mKj Kj¨v‡Yi Drm| G‡Z i‡q‡Q mKj Dc‡`k, wkv I mKj AvwZ¥K I
gvbwmK Amy¯’Zvi g‡nŠla| KziAv‡bi ˆewkó¨ KziAvb †Kw›`ªK Cgvb, AvKx`v I Rxeb MVb m¤ú‡K© KziAvb I nv`x‡mi
wb‡`©kbv m¤ú‡K© Avgiv cieZ©x‡Z ÔAvj­vni wKZv‡ei cÖwZ CgvbÕ I ÔKziAv‡bi cÖwZ CgvbÕ cwi‡”Q‡` we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kie|
KziAvbB cÖ‡Z¨K gywg‡bi wek¦vm, Cgvb ev AvKx`vi g~j wfwË| KziAvb Kvix‡g hv wKQz ejv n‡q‡Q Zv AvwiKfv‡e I
mijfv‡e wek¦vm KivB Bmjvgx AvKx`vi g~j wfwË| †Kvb& wel‡q wek¦vm Ki‡Z n‡e, wKfv‡e wek¦vm Ki‡Z n‡e, wK‡m wek¦vm bó
n‡e, wK‡m Kzdix n‡e, wK‡m wkiK n‡e, wKfv‡e I wK Kvi‡Y c~e©eZ©x D¤§vZMY Cgvb jvf Kivi c‡iI weåvš— n‡qwQj, wKfv‡e
weåvwš— †_‡K AvZ¥iv Kiv hvq, wKfv‡e Cgvb`vi e¨w³ Rxebhvcb Ki‡eb, BZ¨vw` welqB n‡jv, KziAvb Kvix‡gi g~j wkv|
Avj-KziAvbB Bmjvgx AvKx`vi cÖavb I g~j Drm|
GLv‡b D‡j­L¨ †h, KziAv‡bi AvqvZ †_‡K AvwiK, mij I ¯^vfvweK †h A_© eySv hvq ZvB AvKx`vi g~j Drm, KziAv‡bi
Zvdmxi ev e¨vL¨v bv‡g cwiwPwZ cieZ©x hyM¸wji AvwjgM‡Yi gZvgZ AvKx`vi Drm bq| gnvb Avj­vn KziAvb Kvixg‡K mnR I
AZ¨š— my¯úó Aviex fvlvq bvwhj K‡i‡Qb Ges Zv eySv mnR K‡i‡Qb e‡j KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| mvaviYfv‡e
KziAvb Kvixg wb‡RB wb‡Ri e¨vL¨v K‡i| GQvov KziAv‡bi e¨vL¨vi wel‡q †Kv‡bv mnxn nv`xm ewY©Z n‡j ZvI Inxi e¨vL¨v e‡j
MY¨| GQvov Avgiv cieZ©x Av‡jvPbvq †`Le †h, KziAvb I nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vi †‡Î mvnvex-ZvweqxM‡Yi e¨vL¨v‡K we‡kl ¸i“Z¡
cÖ`vY Kiv nq| cieZ©x hy‡Mi AvwjgMY Zvdmx‡ii †‡Î hv wKQz e‡j‡Qb Zv AvwjgM‡Yi e¨w³MZ BRwZnv`, ivq ev gZvgZ
wn‡m‡e ch©v‡jvPbvi ¸i“Z¡ jvf K‡i, wKš‘ KL‡bvB Zv Inxi mgZyj¨ ev m¤ú~iK bq Ges Zv AvKx`vi wfwË bq| Avgiv AvKx`vi
Drm wel‡q weåvwš— Av‡jvPbvKv‡j welqwU ch©v‡jvPbv Kie, Bbkv Avj­vn|
1. 2. 4. 2. nv`xm ev mybœv‡Z ivm~j (�)
1. 2. 4. 2. 1. cwiPq I msÁv
Avj­vn ZvÕAvjv ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi wbKU †h Inx cvVv‡Zb Zv wQj `y cÖKv‡ii| cÖ_g cÖKvi Inx KziAvb, hv wZwb Avj­vni
c †_‡K cvVv‡bv kã I A_©mn AvwiKfv‡e gyL¯’ Ki‡Zb, mvnvex‡`i‡K gyL¯’ Kiv‡Zb Ges wjLv‡Zb| wØZxq cÖKvi Inxi g~j
A_©, ÔÁvbÕ ev ÔcÖÁvÕ Avj­vn Zuvi Dci bvwhj Ki‡Zb| wZwb wb‡Ri fvlvq Zv mvnvex‡`i‡K ej‡Zb, wkv w`‡Zb, gyL¯’ Kiv‡Zb
Ges KL‡bv KL‡bv wjLv‡Zb| KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b cÖ_g cÖKvi Inx‡K ÔwKZveÕ ev MÖš’ Ges wØZxq cÖKvi Inx‡K ÔwnKgvnÕ
ev cÖÁv e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| GK¯’v‡b gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹶﺔ�ﻤﹾﻜ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻤﱢﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬﻴﱢﻜ�ﺯ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘﺎ�ﻴَﺁ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻭﹸﻠﹾﺘ�ﻴ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻻﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻡﹺﻬﻴ�ﻓ ﹶﺙ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﹾﺫِﺇ �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺩﹶﻘ ﹶﻟ
ﹴﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ ٍلﻼ�ﻀ ﻲ�ﻔﹶﻟ ُل�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ
ÒAvj­vn gywgb‡`i cÖwZ Aek¨ AbyMÖn K‡i‡Qb †h, wZwb Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i ga¨ †_‡K Zv‡`i wbKU ivm~j †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb, whwb Zuvi
AvqvZ Zv‡`i wbKU Ave„wË K‡ib, Zv‡`i‡K cwi‡kvab K‡ib Ges wKZve I wnKgvn Zv‡`i‡K wkv †`b, hw`I Zviv c~‡e© ¯úó
weåvwš—i g‡a¨B wQj|Ó 46
GB wØZxq cÖKv‡ii Inx Ônv`xmÕ ev ÔmybœvZÕ bv‡g c„_K fv‡e msKwjZ I msiwZ n‡q‡Q|
nv`xm: nv`xm k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_© msev`, K_v ev bZzb welq| 47 Bmjvgx cwifvlvq nv`xm ej‡Z mvaviYZ ivm~jyj­vn
(�)-Gi K_v, Kg© ev Aby‡gv`b‡K eySv‡bv nq| A_©vr Inxi gva¨‡g cÖvß Áv‡bi Av‡jv‡K ivm~jyj­vn (�) hv e‡j‡Qb, K‡i‡Qb ev
Aby‡gv`b K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K nv`xm ejv nq| gynvwÏmM‡Yi cwifvlvq Ò†h K_v, Kg©, Aby‡gv`b ev weeiY‡K ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi e‡j
26
�ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ

cÖPvi Kiv n‡q‡Q ev `vex Kiv n‡q‡QÓ ZvB Ònv`xmÓ e‡j cwiwPZ| GQvov mvnvexMY I Zv‡eqxM‡Yi K_v, Kg© I
Aby‡gv`b‡KI nv`xm ejv nq| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Kg©, K_v ev Aby‡gv`b wn‡m‡e ewY©Z nv`xm‡K Ògvid‚Õ nv`xmÓ ejv nh|
mvnvexM‡Yi Kg©, K_v ev Aby‡gv`b wn‡m‡e ewY©Z nv`xm‡K ÒgvDK‚d nv`xmÓ ejv nq| Avi Zv‡eqxM‡Yi Kg©, K_v ev
Aby‡gv`b wn‡m‡e ewY©Z nv`x‡m ÒgvKZ‚Õ nv`xmÓ ejv nq| 48
GLv‡b jYxq †h, †h K_v, KvR, Aby‡gv`b ev eY©bv ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi e‡j `vex Kiv n‡q‡Q ev ejv n‡q‡Q
Zv‡KB gynvwÏmM‡Yi cwifvlvq Ônv`xmÕ e‡j MY¨ Kiv nq| Zv mZ¨B ivm~jyj­vni (�) K_v wKbv Zv hvPvB K‡i wbf©iZvi
wfwˇZ gynvwÏmMY nv`x‡mi wewfbœ cÖKv‡i I ch©v‡q wef³ K‡i‡Qb|
mybœvZ k‡ãi A_© I e¨envi B‡Zvc~‡e© Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, mvaviYfv‡e mybœvZ I nv`xm A‡bKUv
mgv_©K| 49
e¯‘Z KziAvb Kvix‡gi e¨vL¨v I ev¯—e cÖ‡qvMB nv`xm ev mybœvZ| KziAv‡bi cvkvcvwk AwZwi³ †h Inxi Ávb ev cÖÁv
Avj­vn ivm~jyj­vn � -‡K cÖ`vb K‡iwQ‡jb, Zvi wfwˇZ wZwb KziAv‡bi wewfbœ e³e¨ e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb Ges ev¯—e Rxe‡bi
mKj †‡Î Zv cÖ‡qvM K‡i‡Qb| KziAvb I nv`xmB Avgv‡`i mKj Áv‡bi I K‡g©i g~j Drm| Beby AveŸvm (iv.) e‡jb :
ivm~jyj­vn � we`vq n‡R¡i fvl‡Y e‡jb :
27
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،ﹰﺍﺩ�ﺒ
َﺃ ﺍﻭﱡﻠ�ﻀ
ﹶﺘ �ﻥﹶﻠ
ﹶﻓ �ﻪﹺﺒ
�ﻡﹸﺘ
�ﻤ�ﺼ
ﹶﺘ�ﻋﺍ
�ﻥِﺇ
ﺎ�ﻤ
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ﹸﺕﹾﻜ
�ﺭﹶﺘ
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ÒAvwg †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ hv †i‡L hvw”Q Zv hw` †Zvgiv AuvK‡o a‡i _vK Zvn‡j KL‡bv c_åó n‡e bv, Zv n‡jv Ñ Avj­vni
wKZve I Zuvi bexi mybœvZ|Ó 50
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`L‡Z cvw”Q †h, gymwjg Rxe‡bi mKj wek¦vm Ges mKj K‡g©i wfwË Avj­vni wKZve Avj-KziAvb Ges
ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi mybœvZ ev nv`xm| Avgv‡`i Cgvb-AvKx`v ev ag©wek¦vm m¤úwK©Z †h †Kv‡bv welq mwVK wKbv Zv Rvb‡Z n‡j
Avgv‡`i‡K Rvb‡Z n‡e welqwU KziAvb ev nv`x‡m Av‡Q wKbv Ges wKfv‡e Av‡Q|
1. 2. 4. 2. 2. mnxn nv`xm ebvg hqxd nv`xm
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ivm~jyj­vn �KziAv‡bi AvqvZ bvwhj nIqvi m‡½ m‡½ Zv †jLv‡Zb Ges gyL¯’ Kiv‡Zb| wZwb KziAvb
Kvix‡gi e¨vL¨v wnmv‡e hv ej‡Zb ev †kLv‡Zb †m mKj wkv A_©vr nv`xm wZwb mvaviYZ wjL‡Z wb‡la Ki‡Zb| KviY Zuvi
RxeÏkvq KziAvb AeZxY© nw”Qj, hv gymwjgMY gyL¯’ Ki‡Zb Ges wewß Pvgovi UzK‡iv, gvwUi cvZ, cv_i, †LRyi Mv‡Qi evKj
BZ¨vw`‡Z wj‡L wb‡Zb| G Ae¯’vq nv`xm †jLv n‡j fzjekZ GKRb gymwjg †Kv‡bv nv`xm‡K KziAv‡bi wjwLZ c„ôvi mv‡_
wgwk‡q †dj‡Z cv‡ib Ges Gfv‡e ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi B‡š—Kv‡ji c‡i KziAvb wb‡q gymwjg‡`i g‡a¨ gZwe‡iva †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i|
KziAv‡bi cwic~Y© weï×Zv ivi Rb¨ wZwb gymwjg‡`i‡K KziAvb gyL¯’ Ki‡Z I wjL‡Z ej‡Zb| Avi Zuvi evYx I Kg© ,A_©vr
nv`xm ïagvÎ gyL¯’K‡i eY©bv Ki‡Z I gvbyl‡`i‡K †kLv‡Z ej‡Zb| G‡‡Î wZwb nv`xm gyL¯’ Kiv I eY©bvi †‡Î cwic©Y©
mZK©Zv Aej¤^‡bi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb, †hb †KD Zuvi bv‡g wg_¨v bv e‡j, ev Ggb K_v Zuvi bv‡g bv e‡j hv wZwb e‡jb wb| Ave~
mvC` Ly`ix (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb:
ْﺃ�ﻭـ�ﺒﹶﺘ�ﻴﹾﻠﹶﻓ [ ﺍﺩـﻤﻌﺘﻤ]
�ﻲـﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺏﹶﺫﹶﻜ
�ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺝ�ﺭ�ﺤ ﻻ�ﻭ ﻲﱢﻨ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﹸﺜ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺤ�ﻤ�ﻴﹾﻠﹶﻓ ﹺﻥﺁ�ﺭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ ﻲﱢﻨ�ﻋ �ﺏﹶﺘﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ﻲﱢﻨ�ﻋ ﺍﻭ�ﺒﹸﺘﹾﻜﹶﺘ ﻻ
" ﹺﺭﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻌﹾﻘ�ﻤ
ÔÔ†Zvgiv Avgvi KvQ †_‡K wKQy wjL‡e bv| hw` †KD KziAvb Qvov Avi wKQy wj‡L _vK Zvn‡j Zv gy‡Q †dj‡e| †Zvgiv
Avgvi nv`xm †gŠwLKfv‡e eY©bv Ki, Zv‡Z †Kv‡bv Amyweav †bB| †h e¨w³ Avgvi e¨vcv‡i (B”Qv K‡i) wg_¨v K_v ej‡e, †m e¨w³
Aek¨B Rvnvbœv‡gi evwm›` n‡e|ÕÕ 51
gv`vbx Rxe‡bi †kl w`‡K wZwb †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv mvnvex‡K nv`xm wjwce× Kivi AbygwZ †`b| we‡klZ we`vq n‡¾i
mgq wZwb nv`xm †jLvi AbygwZ †`b| Z‡e ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi hy‡M mvaviYfv‡e nv`xm wjwce× Kiv nq wb| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv
mvnvex wKQz nv`xm wjwce× K‡ib| AwaKvsk mvnvex Zuvi wkv, evYx, Kg© AZ¨š— h‡Zœi mv‡_ gyL¯’ Ki‡Zb, ci¯ú‡i Zv
Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Zb Ges †mfv‡e Rxeb cwiPvjbv Ki‡Zb|
wewfbœ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi nv`xm ûeû gyL¯’ K‡i Zv cÖPvi Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡h‡Qb| 52 Aciw`‡K †Kv‡bv gvbexq K_v
†hb Zuvi bv‡g cÖPvwiZ n‡Z bv cv‡i †mRb¨ wZwb Zuv‡`i‡K Zuvi bv‡g wg_¨v ev AwZwi³ K_v ej‡Z K‡Vvifv‡e wb‡la K‡i‡Qb|
nv`xm eY©bvi †‡Î wg_¨vi fqven cwiYwZ m¤ú‡K© wZwb evisevi mZK© K‡i‡Qb| Dc‡ii nv`x‡m Avgiv Zv †`‡LwQ| ÔAvkviv‡q

gyevkkvivnÕ-mn cÖvq 100 Rb mvnvex GB g‡g© ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mveavb evYx eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| Avi †Kv‡bv nv`xm GZ †ewk msL¨K
mvnvex †_‡K ewY©Z nqwb| 53 D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ RvwjqvZ I Rvj nv`x‡mi cÖv`yf©ve NU‡e e‡j wZwb mZK© K‡i‡Qb| 54 hvPvB bv K‡i
†Kv‡bv nv`xm MÖnY Ki‡Z ivm~jyj­vn � wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| hw` †KD hvPvB bv K‡i hv ï‡b ZvB nv`xm e‡j MÖnY K‡i I eY©bv K‡i
Zvn‡j nv`xm hvPvB‡q Zvi Ae‡njvi Rb¨ †m nv`x‡mi bv‡g wg_¨v ejvi cv‡c cvcx n‡e| 55
G mKj wb‡`©kbvi wfwˇZ mvnvexMY nv`xm eY©bv I MÖn‡Yi wel‡q AZ¨š— mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Ki‡Zb| Zuviv mvaviYZ
nv`xm ej‡Zb bv| KL‡bv nv`xm ej‡j AZ¨š— mZK©Zvi mv‡_ ej‡Zb| A‡b¨i ejv nv`xm hvPvB evQvB bv K‡i MÖnY Ki‡Zb bv|
eY©bvi wbf©yjZv ev weï×Zvq m‡›`n n‡j eY©bvKvix‡K cÖkœ K‡i, Ab¨vb¨ e¨w³‡`i‡K cÖkœ K‡i ev eY©bvKvix‡K kc_ Kwi‡q eY©bvi
weï×Zv m¤ú‡K© wbwðZ n‡Zb| GiciI m‡›`n _vK‡j Zviv nv`xm MÖnY bv K‡i cÖZ¨vL¨vb Ki‡Zb| mvnvex Qvov Ab¨ †KD nv`xm
ej‡j mb` Qvov nv`xm MÖnY Ki‡Zb bv| G m¤ú‡K© we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ Avgvi †jLv Ônv`x‡mi bv‡g RvwjqvwZÕ MÖ‡š’|
mvnvexM‡Yi Kg©cw×Zi Abymi‡Y Zvweqx, Zvwe-Zvweqx I cieZ©x hy‡Mi AvwjgMY nv`xm MÖn‡Yi †‡Î hvPvB-evQvB
K‡i‡Qb| hvPvB-evQvB‡q weï× e‡j cÖgvwYZ nv`xm‡K Zviv ÔmnxnÕ ev ÔnvmvbÕ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb| Avi Aï× nv`xm‡K
hqxd nv`xm e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb| hqxd nv`x‡mi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q ev‡bvqvU ev Rvj nv`xm|
gynvwÏmM‡Yi cwifvlvq †h nv`x‡mi g‡a¨ 5wU kZ© c~iY n‡q‡Q Zv‡K mnxn nv`xm ejv nq: (1) ÔAv`vjZÕ: nv`x‡mi
mKj ivex (eY©bvKvix) cwic~Y© mr I wek¦¯— e‡j cÖgvwYZ, (2) ÔhveZÕ: Zzjbvg~jK wbixvi gva¨‡g mKj ivexi Ôwbfy©j eY©bvi
gZvÕ c~Y©iƒ‡c we`¨gvb e‡j cÖgvwYZ, (3)ÔBwËmvjÕ: mb‡`i cÖ‡Z¨K ivex Zuvi EaŸ©Zb ivex †_‡K ¯^K‡Y© nv`xmwU ï‡b‡Qb
e‡j cÖgvwYZ, (4) Ôïh~h gyw³Õ: nv`xmwU Ab¨vb¨ cÖvgvY¨ eY©bvi wecixZ bq e‡j cÖgvwYZ Ges (5) ÔBj­vZ gyw³Õ: nv`xmwUi
g‡a¨ my² †Kv‡bv mb`MZ ev A_©MZ ΓwU †bB e‡j cÖgvwYZ| cÖ_g wZbwU kZ© mb` †Kw›`ªK I †k‡li `yBwU kZ© g~jZ A_©
†Kw›`ªK| wØZxq k‡Z© mvgvb¨ `ye©jZv _vK‡j nv`xmwU ÔnvmvbÕ e‡j MY¨ n‡Z cv‡i| 56 G mKj k‡Z©i AeZ©gv‡b nv&`xmwU
hqxd ev `ye©j A_ev ev‡bvqvU ev gvDh~ nv`xm e‡j MY¨ n‡e| G welqK we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ Ônv`x‡mi bv‡g RvwjqvwZÕ
MÖš’wU `ªóe¨|
AvKx`vi †‡Î Aek¨B †KejgvÎ mnxn nv`x‡mi Dc‡iB wbf©i Ki‡Z n‡e| mKj hy‡M mKj Bgvg I Avwjg G
wel‡q mZK© †_‡K‡Qb| Zuviv me©`v mnxn& ev weï× nv`x‡mi Dci wbf©i K‡i‡Qb| Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (ivn.) e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻌﹶﻨ ﻡﻟﻭ ﻪﺒ ﺎﻨﺫﺨﺃ � ﻲﺒﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺩﺎﻨﺴﻹﺍ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﻟﺍ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﺠ ﺍﺫﺇ
ÔÔivm~jyj­vn (�) †_‡K mnxn ev weï× nv`xm cvIqv †M‡j Zuvi Dc‡iB Avgiv wbf©i Kie, Zvi evB‡i hve bv|ÕÕ 57
Bgvg Avey nvbxdv (ivn) Zuvi iwPZ ÔAvj wdKûj AvKeviÕ bvgK MÖ‡š’ e‡j‡Qb:
ﻥﺌﺎﻜ ﻕﺤ ﺔﺤﻴﺤﺼﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺨﻷﺍ ﻪﺒ ﺕﺩﺭﻭ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ
ﻡﻭﻴ ﺕﺎﻤﻼﻋ ﺭﺌﺎﺴﻭ
ÒwKqvg‡Zi Ab¨vb¨ mKj c~e©vfvm, hv mnxn nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, Zv meB mZ¨ Ges NU‡eB|Ó 58
Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn), Bgvg Ave~ BDm~d (ivn) I Bgvg gynv¤§v‡`i (ivn) gvhnv‡ei wfwˇZ Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj
RvgvÔAv‡Zi AvKx`v e¨vL¨v cÖm‡½ Bgvg Ave~ Rvdvi Zvnvex (321 wn) e‡jb:
ﷲﺍ لﻭﺴﺭ ﻥﻋ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﻟﺍ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﺠ ﺎﻤ لﻜﻭ ... . ﻕﺤ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﻉﺭﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ
28
� ﷲﺍ لﻭﺴﺭ ﻥﻋ ﺢﺼ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﻭ
... لﺎﻗ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻭﻬﻓ �
ÒkixqZ Ges weeiY wel‡q ivm~jyj­vn � †_‡K hvK wKQz mnxnfv‡e ewY©Z n‡q‡Q meB n°| ..... G mKj wel‡q
ivm~jyj­vn � †_‡K mnxn nv`x‡m hv wKQz ewY©Z n‡q‡Q meB wZwb †hiƒc e‡j‡Qb †miƒcB wek¦vm Ki‡Z n‡e|Ó 59
1. 2. 4. 2. 3. gyZvIqvwZi ebvg Avnv` nv`xm
G‡‡Î gymwjg D¤§vni BgvgMY wØZxq Av‡iKwU wel‡qi cÖwZ j¨ †i‡L‡Qb, Zv n‡jv, eY©bvKvix‡`i msL¨v|
eY©bvKvix‡`i msL¨vi w`K †_‡K gynvwÏmMY weï× ev mnxn nv`xm‡K fvM K‡i‡Qb: (1) gyZvIqvwZi I (2) Avnv`|
(1) †h nv`xm mvnvexM‡Yi hyM †_‡K msKjb ch©š— mKj ¯—‡i A‡bK ivex eY©bv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K gyZvIqvwZi ev AwZcÖwm×
nv`xm e‡j| A_©vr †h nv`xm ivm~jyj­vn � †_‡K A‡bK mvnvex eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, cÖ‡Z¨K mvnvex †_‡K A‡bK Zvweqx
eY©bv K‡i‡Qb Ges cÖ‡Z¨K Zvweqx †_‡K A‡bK Zvwe-Zvweqx eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, Gfv‡e ivm~jyj­vn � †_‡K msKjb ch©š—
cÖ‡Z¨K ch©v‡q eû msL¨K e¨w³ †h nv`xm eY©bv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K gyZvIqvwZi nv`xm ejv nq| †Kv‡bv hy‡MB GZ¸wj gvby‡li

GKwÎZ n‡q wg_¨v K_v evbv‡bvi †Kv‡bv m¤¢vebv _v‡K bv| †hgb mvjv‡Zi Iqv³ I ivKvÔAvZ msL¨v, hvKv‡Zi cwigvY
BZ¨vw` welq|
(2) †h nv`xm‡K mvnvexM‡Yi hyM †_‡K msKjb ch©š— †Kv‡bv hy‡M Aí K‡qKRb ivex eY©bv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K ÔAvnv`Õ ev
Lvevi“j Iqvwn` nv`xm ejv nq|
Lvevi“j Iqvwn` nv`xm‡K wZb fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q:
(K) Mixe: †h nv`x‡mi mb‡`i g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv GK ch©v‡q gvÎ GKRb ivex ev eY©bvKvix i‡q‡Qb Zv‡K Mixe nv`xm
ejv nq|
(L) Avhxh: †h nv`x‡mi mb‡`i g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv ch©v‡q gvÎ `yRb ivex i‡q‡Qb †m nv`xm‡K Avhxh nv`xm ejv nq|
(M) gymZvdxh: †h nv`x‡mi ivexi msL¨v mKj ch©v‡q `yR‡bi †ewk, Z‡e A‡bK bq †m nv`xm‡K gymZvdxh nv`xm
ejv nq|
gymZvdxh nv`xm‡K gvkn~i nv`xmI ejv nq| A‡bK gynvwχmi g‡Z †h nv`xm mvnvexM‡Yi hy‡M `y-GKRb mvnvex eY©bv
K‡i‡Qb, wKš‘ ZvweqxM‡Yi ev Zvwe-ZvweqxM‡Yi hyM †_‡K Zv gyZvIqvwZi ch©v‡q †cuŠ‡Q‡Q Zv‡K gvkn~i nv`xm ejv nq| 60
gyZvIqvwZi ev ÔAwZ-cªwm×Õ nv`xm Øviv mywbwðZ Ávb ev ÒBjg KvZÔqxÕ (ﻲﻌﻁﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﻠﻌﻟﺍ) Ges Ô`„p wek¦vmÕ ev ÔBqvKxbÕ
( ﻥﻴـﻘﻴﻟﺍ) jvf Kiv hvq| KziAvb Kvix‡gi cvkvcvwk GB cÖKv‡ii nv`xmB g~jZ ÔAvKx`vÕi wfwË| GB cÖKv‡ii nv`xm Øviv
cÖgvwYZ Z_¨ A¯^xKvi Ki‡j Zv ag©Z¨vM ev Awek¦vm (Kzdix) e‡j we‡ewPZ nq|
gvkûi ev cÖwm× nv`xm Øviv wbf©i‡hvM¨ Ávb (ﺔﻴﻨﺄﻤﻁﻟﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ) jvf Kiv hvq| Giƒc nv`xm Øviv cÖgvwYZ Z_¨ A¯^xKvi
Ki‡j Zv cvc I weåvwš— e‡j MY¨| Lvevi“j Iqvwn` ev GKK eY©bvi mnxn nv`xmI AvKx`vi wel‡q M„nxZ| Z‡e
mvaviYfv‡e dKxnM‡Yi wbKU Lvevi“j IqvwnZ mywbwðZ Ávb cÖ`vb K‡i bv| eis Zv Kvh©Ki aviYv ( ﻲـﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻥـﻅﻟﺍ) cÖ`vb
K‡i| K‡g©i †‡Î ev Kg© welqK nvjvj, nvivg BZ¨vw` wewaweav‡bi †‡Î Giƒc nv`x‡mi Dc‡i wbf©i Kiv nq| AvKx`vi
g~j welq cÖgv‡Yi Rb¨ mvaviYZ Giƒc nv`x‡mi Dci wbf©i Kiv nq bv| Z‡e g~j wel‡qi e¨vL¨vq I cÖvmw½K wel‡q Zvi
Dci wbf©i Kiv nq| 61
A‡bK Avwjg gZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb †h, mnxn nv`xm hw` ÔLvevi“j Iqvwn`Õ nq Ges Zv ZvweqxM‡Yi hy‡M bv n‡jI
Zvwe-ZvweqxM‡Yi hy‡M cÖwmw× jvf K‡i Z‡e ÔAvKx`vÕi †‡Î Zvi wbf©i Kiv hv‡e| †KD †KD gZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb †h,
eyLvix Ges gymwjg Df‡qi msKwjZ nv`xmmg~‡ni weï×Zv †h‡nZz cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q Ges gymwjg D¤§vni AvwjgMY G¸wj‡K
weï× wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Qb, †m‡nZz G¸wj Øviv mywbwðZ wek¦vm jvf Kiv m¤¢e| Z‡e mvaviYfv‡e AwaKvsk Avwjg gZ
cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb †h, ÔLvevi“j Iqvwn`Õ ch©v‡qi mnxn nv`xm ÔaviYvÕ ev ÔKvh©Kix aviYvÕ cÖ`vb K‡i, mywbwðZ wek¦vm cÖ`vb K‡i
bv|
G wel‡q Bgvg beex (676 wn) e‡jb: Òmnxn nv`xm wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii| m‡e©v”P ch©v‡qi mnxn nv`xm hv eyLvix I gymwjg
Df‡qB mnxn e‡j DׄZ K‡i‡Qb| Gici hv ïay eyLvix msKjb K‡i‡Qb, Gici hv †Kej gymwjg msKjb K‡i‡Qb, Gici hv eyLvix
I gymwjg Df‡qi kZ© Abymv‡i mnxn e‡j MY¨, Gici hv eyLvixi kZ© Abymv‡i mnxn e‡j MY¨, Gici hv gymwj‡gi kZ© Abymv‡i
mnxn e‡j MY¨, Gici hv Ab¨‡`i wePv‡i mnxn e‡j MY¨| kvBL ZvKxDÏxb Bebym mvjvn (463 wn) D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, eyLvix I
gymwjg A_ev Df‡qi GKRb †h nv`xm‡K mnxn wn‡m‡e msKjb K‡i‡Qb †m nv`xmwU mywbwðZiƒ‡cB mnxn Ges ZØviv mywbwðZ Ávb
jvf nq| gynvw°K ev mycwÊZ M‡elKMY Ges AwaKvsk Avwjg Zuvi GB g‡Zi we‡ivwaZv K‡i‡Qb| Zuviv e‡j‡Qb †h, gyZvIqvwi
ch©v‡q bv hvIqv ch©š— mKj cÖKv‡ii mnxn nv`xm ØvivB ÔaviYvÕ (ﻥﻅ) jvf Kiv hvq|Ó 62
wØZxq-Z…Zxq wnRix kZ‡Ki gynvwÏm I dKxnM‡Yi Kg©aviv †_‡K ¯úó nq †h, †h mKj nv`xm mnxn mb‡` ewY©Z n‡q‡Q
Ges Zvweqx-Zvwe-ZvweqxM‡Yi g‡a¨ cÖwmw× jvf K‡i‡Q Zv meB AvKx`vi †‡Î MÖnY‡hvM¨| Dc‡i Avgiv Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv
(ivn) I Bgvg Zvnvex (ivn)-Gi e³e¨ †_‡K †R‡bwQ †h, AvKx`vi wel‡qI Zuviv mnxn nv`x‡mi Dc‡i wbf©i Ki‡Zb, G welqK
nv`xm gyZvIqvwZi n‡Z n‡e Zv kZ© K‡ib wb| cv_©K¨ GB †h, KziAv‡b D‡j­wLZ ev gyZvIqvwZi nv`x‡mi gva¨‡g cwiÁvZ †Kv‡bv
welq A¯^xKvi Ki‡j Zv Kzd&ix e‡j MY¨ nq| Avi Lvevi“j Iqvwn‡`i gva¨‡g cwiÁvZ welq A¯^xKvi Ki‡j Zv weåvwš— e‡j MY¨
nq|
AvKx`vi †‡Î ÔgyZvIqvwZiÕ nv`x‡mi Dci ¸i“Z¡ cÖ`v‡bi wØwea KviY i‡q‡Q:
(K) nv`x‡mi G †kªYxfvM eyS‡Z wb‡gœi D`vniYwU Av‡jvPbv Kiv hvq| †h †Kv‡bv wePvivj‡q DÌvwcZ gvgjvq cÖ`Ë
mv¨-cÖgv‡Yi gva¨‡g wePviK GKwU `„p ÔaviYvÕ (ﻥﻅ) jvf K‡ib| wZwb †gvUvgywU eyS‡Z cv‡ib †h G m¤ú` mZ¨B G †jv‡Ki
e‡jB g‡b nq A_ev G †jvKvwU mZ¨B G nZ¨vKv‡Ê RvwoZ wQj e‡j eySv hvq| wZwb GI Rv‡bb †h, Zvi GB ÔaviYvÕi g‡a¨
fyj n‡Z cv‡i| mKj wePvi‡KiB wKQz ivq fyj nq| wKš‘ G Rb¨ wePvi cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g wb®úbœ wePv‡ii ivq cÖ`vb eÜ ivLv nq
bv| Abyiƒcfv‡e mvgwMÖK mb` wePvi I A_© hvPvB‡qi c‡i ÔLvei“j Iqvwn`Õ ev ÔGKKfv‡e ewY©ZÕ mnxn nv`x‡mi †‡Î
29

gynvwÏm Abyiƒc ÔKvh©Kix aviYvÕ jvf K‡ib †h, K_vwU mZ¨B ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb| Z‡e eY©bvi g‡a¨ mvgvb¨ †ni‡di _vKvi
xY m¤¢vebv wZwb A¯^xKvi K‡ib bv| Z‡e m¤¢vebv cÖgvwYZ bv nIqv ch©š— G‡K Kvh©Z wbf©yj e‡j MY¨ Kiv nq| hLb Giƒc
eY©bv ÔAwZ-cÖwm×Õ (gyZvIqvwZi) ev ÔcÖwm×Õ (gvkn~i) ch©v‡qi nq ZLb fyj-åvwš—i mvgvb¨ m¤¢vebvI iwnZ nq|
KziAvb cy‡ivcywiB ÔgyZvIqvwZiÕfv‡e ewY©Z| †hfv‡e ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Dc‡i Zv AeZxY© n‡q‡Q AweKj †mfv‡eB
kZkZ mvnvex Zv wjwLZ I †gŠwLKfv‡e eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, Zv‡`i †_‡K nvRvi nvRvi Zvweqx Zv †mfv‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Qb Ges
cÖPvi K‡i‡Qb| †KD GKwU kã‡K mgv_©K †Kv‡bv kã w`‡q cwieZ©b K‡ib wb| mnxn nv`xm Z`ªƒc bq| nv`xm eY©bvi †‡Î
mvnvex-ZvweqxMY A‡_©i w`‡K †ewk j¨ ivL‡Zb| Aviex fvlv I eY©bv‰kjxi wel‡q AwfÁ mvnvex-ZvweqxMY cÖ‡qvR‡b
GKwU k‡ãi cwie‡Z© mgv_©K Ab¨ kã e¨envi Ki‡Zb| g~j nv`x‡mi A_© wVK †i‡L kã cwieZ©‡bi cÖPjb Zv‡`i g‡a¨
wQj| 63
(L) AvKx`v ev wek¦vm g~jZ cÖwZwU gymjgv‡bi †‡Î GK I Awfbœ n‡Z nq| weï× AvKx`v I Avgj †kLv‡ZB Avj­vn
bex ivm~j †cÖiY K‡ib| ivm~jyj­vn � Zvui D¤§Z‡K weï×Zg AvKx`v I Avgj wkwL‡q wM‡q‡Qb| Avg‡ji †‡Î weKí
Av‡Q| me gymwj‡gi Dci dih wKQy KvR e¨ZxZ wewfbœ dhxjZ g~jK ‡bK Kv‡R GKwU bv Ki‡j Ab¨wU Kiv hvq| wKš‘
AvKx`vi ‡‡Î †Kv‡bv weKí †bB| AvKx`v mevi Rb¨ GKB iƒ‡c me©cÖ_g dih| †h welqwU wek¦vm Kiv gywg‡bi Rb¨
cÖ‡qvRb †mB welqwU Aek¨B ivm~jyj­vn (�) Zuvi mKj mvnvex‡K Rvwb‡q‡Qb Ges my¯úó I ب_©nxb fvlv‡ZB Rvwb‡q‡Qb
Ges mvnvexMYI Gfv‡e ZvweqxMY‡K Rvwb‡q‡Qb| G‡Z Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, AvKx`vi wel‡q nq KziAv‡b ¯úó AvqvZ
_vK‡e, A_ev AMwYZ mvnvex †_‡K gyZvIqvwZi nv`xm ewY©Z _vK‡e|
G Qvov K‡g©i wel‡q ÔBRwZnv`Õ ev wKqv‡mi Dc‡i wbf©i Kiv hvq| wek¦v‡mi wfwË ÔMvBexÕ wel‡qi Dc‡i| G mKj
welq Inxi wb‡`©kbv Qvov †Kv‡bv dqmvjv †`Iqv hvq bv| G‡‡Î BRwZnv` APj| wek¦v‡mi †‡Î Inxi welq‡K hyw³ w`‡q
cÖgvY Kiv hvq, Z‡e hyw³ w`‡q bZzb wKQz mve¨¯— Kiv hvq bv|
1. 2. 4. 2. 4. mnxn nv`x‡mi Drm
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z †c‡iwQ †h KziAvb Kvixg Ges mnxn nv`xmB Bmjvgx AvKx`v Ges mKj
Bmjvgx Ávb I K‡g©i wfwË I Drm| GRb¨ mvnvexM‡Yi hyM †_‡KB AvwjgMY nv`x‡mi weï×Zv hvPB‡qi Rb¨ m‡Pó
wQ‡jb| G‡‡Î Zuviv wØwea cÖwµqv AbymiY K‡i‡Qb: msKjb I hvPvB-evQvB|
ivm~jyj­vn � Gi Idv‡Zi cÖvq 90 ermi ci †_‡K cieZ©x cÖvq 200 erm‡ii g‡a¨ Zuvi bv‡g ewY©Z cÖvq mKj nv`xm Ges
mvnvex, Zvweqx I Zvwe-Zv‡eqxM‡Yi e³e¨, Kg© I gZvgZ wewfbœ Ônv`xmÕ-MÖ‡š’ mb` mnKv‡i msKwjZ nq| GQvov wewfbœ
Zvdmxi, BwZnvm I Ab¨vb¨ MÖ‡š’I wKQz nv`xm mb` mnKv‡i msKjb Kiv n‡q‡Q| AwaKvsk gynvwχmi j¨ I c×wZ wQj mb`
mnKv‡i cÖPwjZ mKj nv`xm msKjb Kiv| GRb¨ Zuviv mb`mn mnxn, hvqxd, gvDh~ BZ¨vw` mKj cÖKvi nv`xm msKjb Ki‡Zb|
GQvov Zvdmxi, BwZnvm I G RvZxq MÖš’¸wj‡Z MÖš’KviMY g~jZ welq mswk­ó mKj nv`xm mb` mn Rgv Ki‡Zb, mnxn ev gvDh~
†Kv‡bv wePvi Ki‡Zb bv ev D‡j­LI Ki‡Zb bv| Aí msL¨K gynvwÏm †KejgvÎ mnxn nv`xm msKj‡bi †Póv K‡ib| AwaKvsk
gynvwÏm, gydvm&wmi I Avwjg mb`-mn nv`xm D‡j­L Ki‡j Avi Zv mnxn bv ev‡bvqvU Zv ejvi cÖ‡qvRb g‡b Ki‡Zb bv| KviY
†h‡nZz mb` D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q, †m‡nZz mK‡jB Zv wePvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 64
gynvwÏmM‡Yi msKjb-c×wZ m¤ú‡K© AÁZvi Kvi‡Y A‡bK gvbyl g‡b K‡ib †h, nv`x‡mi bv‡g hv wKQz ejv nq Zv meB
mnxn| A_ev eo eo AvwjgMY Zv‡`i MÖ‡š’ hv wKQz msKjb K‡i‡Qb Zv hvPvB-evQvB‡qi c‡iB K‡i‡Qb, Kv‡RB msKwjZ me
nv`xmB †evanq mnxn| nv`xm msKjb m¤ú‡K© wb‡iU AÁZvB Giƒc wPš—vi KviY|
Avj­vgv Bebym mvjvn (643 wn) e‡jb: ÒeyLvix I gymwj‡gi evB‡i mnxn nv`xm LyR‡Z n‡e gvkûi nv`x‡mi
eB¸wj‡Z, †hgb Ave~ `vE`, wZiwghx, bvmvC, Beby LyhvBgv, `vivKzZbx I Ab¨v&b¨‡`i msKwjZ MÖš’| Z‡e G mKj MÖ‡š’ hw`
†Kv‡bv nv`xm DׄZ K‡i Zv‡K my¯úóZ ÔmnxnÕ e‡j D‡j­L Kiv nq Z‡eB Zv mnxn e‡j MY¨ n‡e, ïaygvÎ G mKj MÖ‡š’
nv`xmwU D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q e‡jB nv`xmwU‡K mnxn g‡b Kiv hv‡e bv; KviY G mKj MÖ‡š’ mnxn Ges hqxd me iK‡gi
nv`xmB i‡q‡Q|Ó 65
Avj­vgv Beby nvRvi AvmKvjvbx (852 wn) e‡jb: ÒwØZxq wnRix kZvãx †_‡K ïi“ K‡i cieZ©x mKj hy‡Mi AwaKvsk
gynvwχmi ixwZ wQj †h, mnxn, hqxd, gvDh~, evwZj mKj cÖKvi nv`xm mb`-mn msKjb Kiv| Zuv‡`i g~jbxwZ wQj †h, mb`
D‡j­L Kivi A_©B nv`xmwU eY©bvi `vqfvi ivex‡`i Dci †Q‡o †`Iqv, msKj‡Ki Avi †Kv‡bv `vq _v‡K bv|Ó 66
Øv`k wnRix kZ‡Ki Ab¨Zg Avwjg kvn IqvwjDj­vn †`njfx (1176wn/ 1762L„) nv`x‡mi MÖš’¸wj‡K cuvPwU ch©v‡q
fvM K‡i‡Qb| cÖ_g ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q wZbLvbv MÖš’: mnxn eyLvix, mnxn gymwjg I gyqvËv Bgvg gvwjK| GB wZbLvbv MÖ‡š’i
mKj mb`mn ewY©Z nv`xmB MÖnY‡hvM¨ e‡j cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q|
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wØZxq ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q †m mKj MÖš’ †h¸wji nv`xm †gvUvgywU MÖnY‡hvM¨ e‡j cÖgvwYZ n‡jI †m¸wj‡Z wKQy Awbf©i‡hvM¨
nv`xmI i‡q‡Q| †gvUvgywUfv‡e gymwjg D¤§vn GmKj MÖš’‡K MÖnY K‡i‡Qb I Zv‡`i g‡a¨ G¸wj cÖwmw× jvf K‡i‡Q| GB
ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q wZbLvbv MÖš’: mybv‡b Avex `vD`, mybv‡b bvmvC, mybv‡b wZiwghx| Bgvg Avng‡`i gymbv`I cÖvq GB ch©v‡qi|
Z…Zxq ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q H mKj MÖš’ hv Bgvg eyLvix, Bgvg gymwjg cÖgyL gynvwχmi Av‡Mi ev c‡ii hy‡M msKwjZ n‡q‡Q,
wKš‘ Zvi g‡a¨ weï×, `ye©j, wg_¨v, fyj me ai‡bi nv`xmB i‡q‡Q, hvi d‡j we‡klÁ gynvwÏm wfbœ GmKj MÖš’ †_‡K DcK…Z
nIqv m¤¢e bq| G mKj MÖš’ gynvwÏm‡`i g‡a¨ †Zgb cÖwmw× jvf K‡iwb| GB ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q : gymbv‡` Avex Bqvjv, gymvbœv‡d
Avãyi ivh&hvK, gymvbœv‡d Beb Avex kvBev, gymbv‡` Ave` Beb ûgvB`, gymbv‡` Zvqvwjmx, Bgvg evBnvKxi msKwjZ
nv`xmMÖš’mg~n (mybv‡b Kzeiv, `vjvBjyb byeyIqvZ, ïqveyj Cgvb,... BZ¨vw`), Bgvg Zvnvexi msKwjZ nv`xmMÖš’mg~n (kvi&n
gvqvbxj Avmvi, kvi&n gykwKwjj Avmvi,... BZ¨vw`), Zvevivbxi msKwjZ nv`xm MÖš’mg~n (Avj-gyÕRvgyj Kexi, Avj-gyÕRvgyj
AvImvZ, Avj-gyÕRvgym mvMxi,... BZ¨vw`)| G mKj MÖ‡š’i msKjKM‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ wQj hv †c‡q‡Qb ZvB msKjb Kiv| Zuviv
wbixv I hvPvB‡qi w`‡K gb †`bwb|
PZz_© ch©v‡qi MÖš’¸wj n‡jv H mKj MÖš’ hv K‡qK hyM c‡i msKwjZ nq| G mKj MÖ‡š’i msKjKiv g~jZ wbæ cÖKv‡ii
nv`xm msKjb K‡i‡Qb : (1). †h mKj Ônv`xmÕ c~e© hy‡M AcwiwPZ ev ARvbv _vKvi Kvi‡Y c~e©eZx MÖš’mg~‡n msKwjZ nqwb,
(2). †h mKj nv`xm †Kv‡bv AcwiwPZ MÖ‡š’ msKwjZ wQj, (3). †jvKgy‡L cÖPwjZ ev Iqv‡qh‡`i Iqv‡h cÖPvwiZ wewfbœ K_v,
hv †Kv‡bv nv`x‡mi MÖ‡š’ ¯’vb cvqwb, (4). wewfbœ `ye©j I weåvš— m¤cÖ`v‡qi g‡a¨ cÖPwjZ K_vevZ©v, (5). †h mKj Ônv`xmÕ
g~jZ mvnvex ev Zv‡eqx‡`i K_v, Bûw`‡`i Mí ev c~e©eZx hvgvbvi Ávbx e¨w³‡`i K_v, †h¸wj‡K fyjµ‡g ev B”Qvc~e©K
†Kv‡bv eY©bvKvix nv`xm e‡j eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, (6). KziAvb ev nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨v RvZxq K_v hv fyjµ‡g †Kv‡bv mr ev `i‡ek
gvbyl nv`xm e‡j eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, (7). nv`xm †_‡K DcjwäK…Z A_©‡K †KD †KD B”Qvc~eK nv`xm e‡j Pvwj‡q w`‡q‡Qb,
A_ev (8). wewfbœ mb‡` ewY©Z wewfbœ nv`x‡mi evK¨‡K GKwU nv`xm e‡j eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| Gai‡bi nv`x‡mi msKjb MÖ‡š’i
g‡a¨ D‡j­L‡hvM¨ n‡jv: Beby wneŸv‡bi Av`-`yqvdv, Beby Av`xi Avj-Kvwgj, LZxe evM`v`x, Avey byqvBg Avj-Avmdvnvbx,
Beby AvmvwKi, Bebyb bv¾vi I `vBjvgx KZ©„K msKwjZ MÖš’mg~n| ... G ch©v‡qi MÖš’mg~‡ni nv`xm nq `ye©j A_ev
ev‡bvqvU|
cÂg ch©v‡qi MÖš’mg~‡n H mKj nv`xm i‡q‡Q hv dKxnMY, m~dxMY ev HwZnvwmKM‡Yi g‡a¨ cÖPwjZ I Zuv‡`i †jLv
eB‡q cvIqv hvq| †h mKj nv`x‡mi †Kv‡bv Aw¯—Z¡ c~‡e©i Pvi ch©v‡qi M‡š’ cvIqv hvq bv| Gme nv`x‡mi g‡a¨ Ggb
nv`xmI i‡q‡Q hv †Kv‡bv ag©Pz¨Z fvlvÁvbx cwÊZ cvcvPvix gvbyl ˆZwi K‡i‡Qb| wZwb Zvi ev‡bvqvU nv`x‡mi Rb¨ Ggb
mb` ˆZwi K‡i‡Qb hvi ΓwU aiv `ytmva¨, Avi Zvi ev‡bvqvU nv`x‡mi fvlvI Giƒc my›`i †h ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi K_v e‡j
mn‡RB wek¦vm n‡e| G mKj ev‡bvqvU nv`xm Bmjv‡gi g‡a¨ my`~i cÖmvix wec` I wdZbv m„wó K‡i‡Q| Z‡e nv`xm kv‡¯¿
myMfxi cvwʇZ¨i AwaKvix we‡klÁ gynvwÏmMY nv`x‡mi fvlv I mb‡`i Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g Zvi ΓwU Lyu‡R †ei
Ki‡Z mg nb|
kvn IqvwjDj­vn (ivn) e‡jb: cÖ_g I wØZxq ch©v‡qi nv`xm MÖ‡š’i Dc‡iB ïaygvÎ gynvwÏmMY wbf©i K‡i‡Qb| Z…Zxq
ch©v‡qi nv`xmMÖš’mg~n †_‡K nv`xm kv‡¯¿ myMfxi cvwʇZ¨i AwaKvix Bjgyi wiRvj I Bjvj kv‡¯¿ cwÊZ we‡klÁ gynvwÏmMY
Qvov †KD DcK…Z n‡Z cv‡ib bv, KviY G mKj MÖ‡š’ msKwjZ nv`xmmg~‡ni ga¨ †_‡K wg_¨v nv`xm I wbf©i‡hvM¨ nv`x‡mi
cv_©K¨ ïay ZuvivB Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avi PZz_© ch©v‡qi nv`xmMÖš’mg~n msKjb Kiv ev cvV Kiv GK ai‡bi Ávb wejvwmZv Qvov
wKQyB bq| mZ¨ ej‡Z, iv‡dhx, gyZvwhjx I Ab¨vb¨ mKj we`ÔAvZx I evwZj g‡Zi gvby‡liv Lye mn‡RB GmKj MÖš’ †_‡K
Zv‡`i g‡Zi c‡ wewfbœ nv`xm †ei K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡eb| Kv‡RB, G mKj MÖ‡š’i nv`xm w`‡q †Kv‡bv gZ cÖwZôv Kiv ev
†Kv‡bv g‡Zi c‡ `wjj †`Iqv Avwjg‡`i wbKU evZzjZv I AMÖnY‡hvM¨| 67
PZz_© ch©v‡qi nv`xmMš’mg~‡n msKwjZ nv`xmmg~‡ni Ae¯’v eY©bv cÖm‡½ kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn (ivn)-Gi cyÎ kvn Avãyj
Avhxh gynvwÏm †`njfx (1239 wn) e‡jb: GB ch©v‡qi nv`xm¸wji Ae¯’v GB †h, cÖ_g hy‡Mi (cÖ_g wZb wnRix kZvãxi)
gynvwÏm‡`i g‡a¨ G¸wj cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i wb, A_P cieZ©x hy‡Mi AvwjgMY Zv eY©bv I msKjb K‡i‡Qb| Gi `ywU e¨vL¨v
n‡Z cv‡i: cÖ_g m¤¢vebv GB †h, cÖ_g hy‡Mi gynvwÏmMY G¸wji wel‡q †R‡bwQ‡jb Ges G¸wji mb` ev m~Î m¤ú‡K©
AbymÜvb K‡iwQ‡jb| Zuviv G¸wji †Kv‡bv mb` ev wfwË Rvb‡Z cv‡ib wb, GRb¨ Zuviv G mKj nv`xm msKjb K‡ib wb|
wØZxq m¤¢vebv GB †h, Zuviv G¸wji mb` ev m~Î Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb| Z‡e Zuv‡`i AbymÜv‡bi gva¨‡g G¸wji mb‡`
KwVb AvcwË I ΓwU Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb, †h ΓwUi Kvi‡Y nv`xm¸wj cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kiv Ri“wi wQj| GRb¨ Zuviv nv`xm¸wj
msKjb K‡ib wb|
me©ve¯’vq G mKj nv`x‡mi Dci †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB wbf©i Kiv hvq bv Ges G¸wj Øviv †Kv‡bv AvKx`v ev Kg© cÖgvY
Kiv hvq bv| GB ch©v‡qi nv`xm¸wj A‡bK gynvwÏm‡KB weåvš— K‡i‡Q Ges Zuv‡`i‡K mwVK c_ †_‡K wePz¨Z K‡i‡Q| KviY,
G mKj MÖ‡š’ we`¨gvb G mKj nv`x‡mi A‡bK mb` †`‡L cÖZvwiZ n‡q Zviv G¸wj‡K ÔgyZvIqvwZiÕ e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb Ges
ÔmywbwðZ ÁvbÕ I my`„p wek¦vm cÖgv‡Yi Rb¨ G¸wji Dci wbf©i K‡i‡Qb| Gfv‡e Zuviv cÖ_g `yB ch©v‡qi wecix‡Z bZzb
31

gZev‡`i D¢veb NwU‡q‡Qb|Ó 68
1. 2. 5. mvnvex, Zvweqx I Zvwe-ZvweqxM‡Yi gZvgZ
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z †c‡iwQ †h, wek¦vm I Awek¦v‡mi mKj Áv‡bi Drm n‡”Q Avj­vni c †_‡K †cÖwiZ
Inx ev KziAvb I mybœvn| Bmjvgx wek¦vm ev ÔAvj-AvKx`vn Avj-Bmjvwgq¨vnÕ-i wfwË I Drm KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Ávb| cweÎ
KziAv‡b I mnxn nv`x‡m hv wek¦vm Ki‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q ZvB wek¦vm Kiv Ges †hfv‡e wek¦vm Ki‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q †mfv‡eB wek¦vm Kiv
Bmjvgx AvKx`vi g~j wfwË|
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi evYx AZ¨vš— my¯có I cwi¯‹vi| Avj­vn I Zuvi ivmy‡ji (�) wkvi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv RwUjZv †bB,
†MvcbxqZv, ˆecixZ¨ ev ¯^we‡ivwaZv †bB| ZviciI KL‡bv Áv‡bi `ye©jZvi Kvi‡Y KziAv‡bi ev nv`x‡mi eySvi ev e¨vL¨vi
†‡Î gZcv_©K¨ ev wØav m„wó n‡j ivm~‡j AvKivg (�)-Gi mvnvexMY Ges cieZ©xq `yB cÖRb¥ ÔZvweqxÕ I ÔZvwe-ZvweqxM‡YiÕ
e¨vL¨v I gZvgZB P~ovš— e‡j MY¨ Kiv nq|
mvnvexMY wQ‡jb ivm~jyj­vn
32
� -Gi nv‡Z Mov QvÎ| Zuviv Zuvi nv‡Z Bmjvg MÖnb K‡i‡Qb, Zvi mvnP‡h© †_‡K‡Qb,
Rxe‡bi mewKQi E‡aŸ© Zuv‡K fvj‡e‡m‡Qb Ges Zuvi KvQ †_‡K wkv MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Zuviv m`v D`MÖxe wQ‡jb| Zuviv Zuvi gy‡Li evYx
mivmwi ï‡b‡Qb KziAvb bvwhj nIqvi cUfzwg Zuviv †R‡b‡Qb, KziAv‡bi I nv`x‡mi wkv me‡P‡q fvj ey‡S‡Qb I Rxe‡b ev¯—
vevwqZ K‡i‡Qb ZuvivB| ¯^fveZB KziAvb I mybœvn eySvi †‡Î Avgv‡`i‡K Zuv‡`i gZvg‡Zi Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z n‡e|
KziAvb Kix‡gi wewfbœ Avqv‡Z mvnvexM‡Yi cÖksmv Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Zuv‡`i AZzjbxq Av`k©¯’vbxq Cgvb, Avgj,
ZvKIqv, wRnv`, ¯^v_© Z¨vM, Zuv‡`i cÖwZ Avj­vni Adziš— ingZ BZ¨vw`i K_v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| 69 G mKj Avqv‡Zi
Av‡jv‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, Cgvb, ZvKIqv, †ejvqvZ I Kvgvjv‡Z ZuvivB kx‡l©| Zviv gymwjg D¤§vni Av`k©| Avj­vni
Adziš— ingZ Zuviv †c‡q‡Qb| Zuv‡`iK‡K fvjevmv I Zuv‡`i AbyKiY- AbymiY cieZx© gymjgvb‡`i `vwqZ¡| ivm~jyj­vn �
I Zuvi mvnex‡`i Rxeb-c×wZ ev Kg©cš’vi (mybœv‡Zi) we‡iwaZvKvixi fq¼i cwiYwZ m¤ú‡K© KziAvb Kvix‡g gnvb Avj­vn
e‡jb:
�ﻡﱠﻨـ�ﻬ�ﺠ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺼﹸﻨ�ﻭ ﻰﱠﻟ�ﻭ ﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱢﻟ�ﻭﹸﻨ �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ِلﻴﹺﺒ�ﺴ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﻊﹺﺒﱠﺘ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻬﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﹾﻕ�ﻗﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺼ�ﻤ ﹾﺕ�ﺀﺎ�ﺴ�ﻭ
Òhw` †KD Zvi Kv‡Q †n`v‡qZ cÖKvwkZ nIqvi c‡iI ivm~‡ji we‡ivwaZv K‡i Ges wek¦vmx‡`i c_ †Q‡o Ab¨ c_ AbymiY
K‡i Zvn‡j Avwg Zv‡K Zvi †e‡Q †bIqv c‡_B †Q‡o †`e Ges Zv‡K Rvnvbœv‡g wb‡c Kie, hv wbK…óZg Mš—e¨¯’j|Ó 70
GLv‡b Ôwek¦vmx‡`i c_Õ ej‡Z ¯^fveZB mvnvex‡`i c_ †evSvb n‡q‡Q, KviY ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi mg‡qi wek¦vmxMY
ZuvivB| Zuv‡`i‡K bvRvZ I gyw³i Rb¨ AbyKiYxq Av`k© e‡j D‡j­L K‡i Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡـ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﺩ�ﻋَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﺍﻭ�ﻀ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻀ�ﺭ ﹴﻥﺎ�ﺴ�ﺤِﺈﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫﻭ�ﻌ�ﺒﱠﺘﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹺﺭﺎ�ﺼﻨَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴﹺﺭﹺﺠﺎ�ﻬ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟ�ﻭَﻷﺍ �ﻥﻭﹸﻘﹺﺒﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ�ﻭ
�ﻡﻴ�ﻅ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺯ�ﻭﹶﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺒَﺃ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ �ﻥﻴ�ﺩِﻟﺎﹶﺨ �ﺭﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨَﻷﺍ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﺘ�ﺤﹶﺘ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺠﹶﺘ �ﺕﺎﱠﻨ�ﺠ
ÒgynvwRi I Avbmviw`‡Mi g‡a¨ hviv cÖ_g AMÖMvgx Ges hviv wbôvi mv‡_ Zv‡`i AbymiY K‡i‡Qb, Avj­vn Zv‡`i cÖwZ
mš‘ó Ges ZvivI Avj­vni cÖwZ mš‘ó| Ges wZwb Zv‡`i Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z K‡i‡Qb RvbœvZ, hvi wbgœ‡`‡k b`x cÖevwnZ, †h_vq Zviv
wPi¯’vqx n‡e| G gnvmvdj¨|Ó 71
GLv‡b mvnvexMY‡K wZbfv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q: cÖ_gZ, cÖ_g AMÖMvgx gynvwRiMY, wØZxqZ, cÖ_g AMÖMvgx AvbmviMY Ges
Z…ZxqZ Zuv‡`i‡K hviv wbôvi mv‡_ AbymiY K‡i‡Qb| cÖ_g `yB ch©v‡qi mvnvexMY‡K mdjZvi gvcKvwV I AbyKiYxq Av`k©
wn‡m‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| KziAv‡b Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK ¯’v‡b mKj gynvwRi I Avbmvi‡K ÔcÖK…Z gywgbÕ I RvbœvZx e‡j D‡j­L Kiv
n‡q‡Q| 72
ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K Zuvi mvnvex‡`i Rxeb c×wZ I gZvg‡Zi Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| wZwb
e‡j‡Qb:
ﺎـ�ﻬﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻜـ�ﺴ�ﻤﹶﺘ �ﻥﻴ�ﺩ�ﺸﺍ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﻴ�ﺩ�ﻬ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﻔﹶﻠﹸﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﺔﱠﻨ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻨ�ﺴﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﻓ ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺜﹶﻜ ﺎﹰﻓﻼ�ﺘﹾﺨﺍ ﻯ�ﺭ�ﻴ�ﺴﹶﻓ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﹾﺵ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ
ﹲﺔﹶﻟﻼ�ﻀ �ﺔ�ﻋ�ﺩﹺﺒ ﱠلﹸﻜ�ﻭ ﹲﺔ�ﻋ�ﺩﹺﺒ �ﺔﹶﺜ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﱠلﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ ﹺﺭﻭ�ﻤُﻷﺍ �ﺕﺎﹶﺜ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎ�ﻴِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺫﹺﺠﺍ�ﻭﱠﻨﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﻭ�ﻀ�ﻋ�ﻭ
ÔÔ†Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv Avgvi c‡i †eu‡P _vK‡e Zviv A‡bK gZwe‡iva †`L‡Z cv‡e| G‡‡Î †Zvgv‡`i Dci `vwqZ¡
n‡jv Avgvi mybœZ I myc_cÖvß Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi mybœvZ AbymiY Kiv| †Zvgiv `„pfv‡e Zv AuvK‡o ai‡e, †Kv‡bv cÖKv‡iB

Zvi evB‡i hv‡e bv| Avi †Zvgiv (Avgvi I Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi mybœv‡Zi evB‡i) bZzb D¢vweZ mKj welq me©‡Zvfv‡e
cwinvi Ki‡e; KviY mKj bZzb D¢vweZ welqB we`AvZ Ges mKj we`AvZB weåvwš— I c_åóZv|ÕÕ 73
Avãyj­vn Beby Avgi (iv) e‡jb, GKw`b ivm~jyj­vn � mvnvex‡`i‡K fwel¨‡Z gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ gZwe‡iva m¤ú‡K© mZK©
33
K‡ib| mvnvex‡`i cÖkœ K‡ib, G‡‡Î †Kvb& `j mwVK e‡j MY¨ n‡e? wZwb e‡jb:
�ﻰﹺﺒﺎ
�ﺤ�ﺼ
َﺃ�ﻭ
( �ﻡ�ﻭ
�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ
) �ﻪ�ﻴ
ﹶﻠ�ﻋ
ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ
ﺎ�ﻤ
ÔÔAvwg Ges Avgvi mvnvex-m½xiv eZ©gv‡b †h gZ I c‡_i Dci AvwQ †mB gZ I c‡_i Dci hviv _vK‡e ZvivB
mwVK I myc_cÖvß|ÕÕ 74
G mKj AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi wfwˇZ gymwjg D¤§vni BgvgMY Bmjv‡gi mKj wel‡qi gZ AvKx`vi wel‡qI
mvnvexM‡Yi gZvgZ I e¨vL¨v‡K KziAvb-mybœvni e¨vL¨v I Abyave‡bi †‡Î gvb`Ê wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| Ômybœv‡Z mvnvevÕ
KLb wKfv‡e Ges †Kvb& ch©v‡q `jxjiƒ‡c MÖnY Kiv n‡e †m wel‡q ÔGnBqvDm mybvbÕ MÖ‡š’ we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| Bgvg
Avey nvbxdv (ivn) D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, †Kv‡bv wel‡q KziAvb ev mybœv‡Z ivm~‡j (�) wb‡`©k bv _vK‡j †m‡‡Î mvnvexM‡Yi
gZvg‡Zi Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z n‡e| wZwb e‡jb
ﻻﻭ ،ﻪﺒﺎﺤﺼﺃ لﻴﻭﺎﻗﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺕﺭﻅﻨ ،�
ﷲﺍ لﻭﺴﺭ ﺔﻨﺴ ﻲﻓ ﻻﻭ ﷲﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻜﻴ ﻡﻟ ﺍﺫﺇ ،�
ﷲﺍ لﻭﺴﺭ ﺔﻨﺴﺒﻓ ﺩﺠﺃ ﻡﻟ ﺎﻤﻓ ،ﷲﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﺒ ﺫﺨﺁ
. ﻡﻫﺭﻴﻏ لﻭﻗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻡﻬﻟﻭﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺝﺭﺨﺃ
ÒAvwg KziAv‡bi Dci wbf©i Kwi| KziAv‡b hv cvB bv Zvi Rb¨ mybœv‡Z ivm~‡j (�)-i Dci wbf©i Kwi| hw` †Kvb
wel‡q KziAvb I mybœv‡Z ivm~‡j (�) bv cvB, Zvn‡j Avwg mvnvex‡`i gZvgZ I wkvi Dci wbf©i Kwi, Zv‡`i gZvgZ I
wkvi evB‡i hvB bv|ÕÕ 75
mvnvex, Zvweqx I Zvwe-Zvweqx- G wZb cÖR‡b¥i gvbyl‡`i avwg©KZvi cÖksmv K‡i‡Qb ivm~jyj­vn �| Bgivb Beby
ûmvBwqb (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn �e‡j‡Qb:
." �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨﻭﹸﻠ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨﻭﹸﻠ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺭﹶﻗ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻤُﺃ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨ
ÔÔAvgvi D¤§‡Zi me‡P‡q fv‡jv hyM n‡jv Avgvi hyM, †h hy‡Mi gvby‡li Rb¨ Avwg †cÖwiZ n‡qwQ (A_©vr mvnvexMY),
Avi Zv‡`i c‡iB me‡P‡q fv‡jv Zv‡`i cieZ©x hy‡Mi gvbyl (A_©vr ZvweqxMb), Avi Gi ci Zv‡`i cieZ©x hy‡Mi gvbyl
(A_©vr Zvwe ZvweqxMY)ÕÕ| 76
G A‡_© Ave~ ûivBiv (iv), eyivB`v Avmjvgx (iv), byÕgvb Beby evkxi (iv) cÖgyL mvnvex †_‡K c„_K c„_K mnxn mb‡` nv`xm
ewY©Z n‡q‡Q|
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, Bmjvgx Áv‡bi mKj kvLvi b¨vq, AvKx`vi wel‡qI KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wkv fvjfv‡e eySvi
Rb¨ I mwVK e¨vL¨v `vb Kivi Rb¨ cÖ_gZ mvnvex‡`i Ges Gic‡i Zuv‡`i Qv·`i ev Zv‡eqx‡`i Ges Zv‡`i Qv·`i ev Zvwe-
Zv‡eqx‡`i gZvg‡Zi mvnvh¨ MÖnY Kiv nq| G‡‡ÎI Aek¨B mnxn mb‡` ewY©Z weï× Z‡_¨i Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z n‡e|
ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi bv‡g †hgb wg_¨v K_v ejv n‡q‡Q, †Zgwb Zuvi mvnvexMY, Zv‡eqxMY I cieZ©x BgvgM‡Yi gv‡gI A‡bK
gbMov K_v iUbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| GRb¨ nv`xm msKj‡bi mg‡q gynvwÏmMY mvnvex, Zv‡eqx I Zv‡e Zv‡eqx‡i evYx I wkvI
mb`-mn msKwjZ K‡i‡Qb, †hb mb‡`i gva¨‡g Zuv‡`i mwVK wkv I gZvgZ Rvbv hvq Ges Zv‡`i bv‡g iwUZ wg_¨v K_v aiv
c‡o|
1. 2. 6. Dr‡mi weåvwš— ebvg wek¦v‡mi wePz¨wZ
GLv‡b we‡klfv‡e jYxq †h, Cgvb, AvKx`v ev ag©xq wek¦vm welqK hZ cÖKv‡ii wePz¨wZ ev weåvwš— we`¨gvb Zvi me
wKQzi g~j KviY AvKx`vi Drm wba©vi‡Y weåvwš—| Kzdi, wkiK, we`ÔAvZ, `jv`wj, weåvwš— BZ¨vw` me& wKQzi g~j KviY
wek¦v‡mi Drm ev wfwË wba©vi‡Yi wel‡q AÁZv, A¯úóZv ev gZwe‡ivwaZv|
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, wek¦v‡mi welq¸wj ÔMvBeÕ ev A`„k¨ RMZ‡K †K›`ª K‡i| Avi A`„k¨ RM‡Zi wel‡q †Kv‡bv wKQz
mwVKfv‡e Rvbvi GKgvÎ wbf©i‡hvM¨ Drm ÔInxÕ| hLbB †Kv‡bv gvbyl Inxi Aw¯—Z¡ ev ¸i“Z¡ A¯^xKvi K‡i A_ev AvKx`vi
wel‡q Anxi AwZwi³ †Kv‡bv m~Î ev Dr‡mi Dci wbf©i K‡i ZLbB †m Zvi Rb¨ weåvwš—i `iRv Db¥y³ K‡i †`q| G RvZxq
weåvwš—Ki Dr‡mi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:
1. 2. 6. 1. Inx A¯^xKvi Kiv
hy‡M hy‡M wewfbœ †kªYxi gvbyl Inxi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ev Aw¯—Z¡ A¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q| hviv wb‡R‡`i‡K bvw¯—K e‡j `vwe K‡ib
Zviv Inxi Aw¯—Z¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv A¯^xKvi K‡ib| Giƒc bvw¯—KZvi `vwe`viMYI g‡bi Mfx‡i mªóvi Aw¯—‡Z¡i K_v Abyfe

K‡ib| G weÁvbgq we‡k¦i cÖwZwU m„wói g‡a¨ weivRgvb Afvebxq ˆeÁvwbK k„•Ljvi g‡a¨ huvi Aw¯—‡Z¡i mv¨ we`¨gvb Zv‡K
A¯^xKvi Kwi e‡j Mv‡qi †Rv‡i `vwe Ki‡jI we‡eK Giƒc `vwe cy‡ivcywi gvb‡Z cv‡i bv| Z‡e kqZv‡bi cÖ‡ivPbv I cÖe„wËi
Zvobvq g‡bi Mfx‡ii wek¦v‡mi Abyf~wZ‡K Zviv evo‡Z †`b bv| we‡e‡Ki wek¦v‡mi `vwe gy‡L ¯^xKvi Ki‡jB A‡bK
†¯^”QvPvwiZv I A‰ea Kg© ev` w`‡Z nq, GRb¨ Zviv welqwU gy‡L ¯^xKvi K‡ib bv ev G wel‡q we‡e‡Ki †cÖiYv wb‡q wPš—
vM‡elYv Ki‡Z Pvb bv|
`vk©wbK ev wPš—vwe` bvgavix A‡bK gvbyl mªóvi Aw¯—‡Z¡ wek¦vm Kiv m‡Ë¡I Inxi Aw¯—Z¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv A¯^xKvi
K‡i‡Qb| Zviv Kíbv K‡i‡Qb †h, mªóv G RMZ I cÖvYxKzj m„wó K‡i G‡`i‡K wb‡Ri gbgwR©i Dci †Q‡o w`‡q‡Qb| Zviv
Av‡iv Kíbv K‡i‡Qb †h, mªóv m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi Rb¨ gvbexq ÁvbB h‡_ó| Zviv `vwe K‡i‡Qb †h, gnvb mªóv gvbyl‡K Zvi
Bw›`ªq I Áv‡bi AMg¨ GKwU welq Zvi Bw›`ªq I Ávb w`‡q cy‡ivcywi ey‡S wb‡Z `vwqZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb| Gfv‡e Zviv gnvb mªóvi
cÖwZ Aegvbbvi mv‡_ mv‡_ gvbexq Ávb I we‡eK‡K Acgvb K‡i‡Qb|
1. 2. 6. 2. Inx‡K AKvh©Ki Kiv
A‡bK gvbyl Inxi ¸i“Z¡ I gh©v`v wek¦vm Kiv m‡Ë¡I ÁvZmv‡i ev AÁvZmv‡i Inx‡K AKvh©Ki Kivi Kvi‡Y weåvwš—i g‡a¨
wbcwZZ nb| AwaKvsk †‡Î `yfv‡e Inxi Kvh©KwiZv A¯^xKvi Kiv nq: (1) Inxi ¯^vfvweK I mij A_© cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i ÔiƒcKÕ
A_© MÖnY Kiv, A_ev (2) Inxi wb‡`©kbvi GKwU e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb Kiv Ges G e¨vL¨vi wfwˇZ AgyK e¨w³, †Mvôx ev mgv‡Ri Rb¨ Zv
cÖ‡hvR¨ bq e‡j `vwe Kiv| G n‡jv gymwjg D¤§vni AwaKvsk weåvš— m¤cÖ`v‡qi weåvwš—i Ab¨Zg KviY|
1. 2. 6. 3. †jvKvPvi, mvgvwRK cÖPjb ev e¨w³MZ cQ›`
wek¦vm welqK weåvwš—i g~j KviY wek¦v‡mi wel‡q Inx Qvov Ab¨vb¨ Dr‡mii Dci wbf©i Kiv| G mKj Inx-AwZwi³
welqvw`i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q: †jvKvPvi, e¨w³MZ cQ›`, Inxi e¨vL¨v, Inx-wfw&ËK hyw³, ag©¸i“‡`i gZvgZ, BjKv, Bjnvg ev Kvkd,
AvKj ev gvbexq Ávb BZ¨vw`|
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h Avi‡ei KvwdiMY g~jZ Inxi Aw¯—Z¡ A¯^xKvi KiZ bv| Z‡e Zviv wewfbœ IRynv‡Z gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi
Dci Inx bvwhj nIqvi welqwU A¯^xKvi KiZ| Zv‡`i ag©wek¦v‡mi wfw&Ë wQj †jvKvPvi, mvgvwRK cÖPjb ev Zv‡`i wbR¯^ cQ›`|
G mKj †jvKvPvi‡K Zviv wcZvwcZvg‡ni gva¨‡g cÖvß Beivnxg I BmgvCj (Av)-Gi ag©wek¦vm e‡j wek¦vm KiZ| G¸wji
wfwˇZB Zuviv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi `vIÔAvZ A¯^xKvi K‡i| Zv‡`i wbKU Beivnxg (Av) I BmjvgCj (Av)-Gi cÖwZ AeZxY©
†Kv‡bv Inx Zv‡`i wbKU msiwZ wQj bv, eis wek¦v‡mi †‡Î Zviv cÖPj‡bi Dc‡iB wbf©i KiZ| wewfbœ gymwjg mgv‡Ri
AwaKvsk weåvwš—I Giƒc †jvKvPv‡ii wfw&ˇZ cÖmvi jvf K‡i‡Q| c~e©eZ©x a‡g©i cÖfve, we‡kl †Kv‡bv e¨w³ gZvgZ, wb‡Ri cQ›`
BZ¨vw`i wfwˇZ †Kv‡bv GKwU ÔAvKx`vÕ ev wek¦vm M‡o I‡V Ges µgvš^‡q Zv cÖmvi jvf K‡i|
1. 2. 6. 4. Inxi Zvdmxi I Inx wfwËK hyw³
KziAv‡bi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, Avi‡ei KvwdiMY I Bn~`x-L„÷vb‡`i wkiK I Kzd‡ii GKwU we‡kl
KviY wQj Inxi e¨vL¨v I Inx-wfwËK wewfbœ hyw³‡K Inxi m¤ú~iK welq wn‡m‡e wek¦v‡mi wfw&Ë wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv| G wel‡q
Avgiv wewfbœ D`vniY cieZ©x Aa¨vq¸wj †`Le, †m¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q (1) ZvK`xi m¤ú‡K© Kvwdi‡`i wek¦vm Ges (2) Cmv
(Av) I wÎZ¡ev` m¤ú‡K© L„÷vb‡`i wek¦vm| Inx Ges Inxi Zvdmx‡ii g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Abyave‡bi Rb¨ wb‡gœ K‡qKwU D`vniY
Av‡jvPbv KiwQ| gnvb Avj­vn KziAvb Kvix‡g e‡j‡Qb:
34
�ﻥﻭ�ﻌ�ﻜﺍ�ﺭ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﹶﺓﺎﹶﻜ�ﺯﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭﹸﺘْﺅ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﹶﺓﻼ�ﺼﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﻴ�ﻘ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﹸﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ
Ò†Zvgv‡`i eÜz †Zv Avj­vn, Zuvi ivm~j Ges hviv Cgvb MÖnY K‡i‡Q, hviv mvjvZ Kv‡qg K‡i Ges hvKvZ cÖ`vb K‡i Ges
Zviv i“Kz-iZ|Ó 77
G Avqv‡Zi Zvdmx‡i Avãyj­vn Beby AveŸvm (iv), Avjx Beby Avex Zvwje (iv), Av¤§vi Beby Bqvmvi (iv), gyRvwn`
Beby Rvei cÖgyL mvnvex I Zvweqx †_‡K ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, AvqvZwU Avjx (iv)-Gi m¤ú‡K© AeZxY©| G welqK eY©bv¸wji
AwaKvsk mb`B AZ¨š— `ye©j| G wel‡q ewY©Z nv`xm¸wji mvi ms‡c GB †h, GKRb wfzK gmwR‡`i g‡a¨ wfv Pvb|
†KD Zv‡K †Kv‡bv wfv cÖ`vb K‡ib bv| Avjx (iv) ZLb gmwR‡`i g‡a¨ bdj mvjvZ Av`v‡q iZ wQ‡jb| wZwb G mgq
i“KziZ Ae¯’vq wQ‡jb| G Ae¯’v‡ZB wZwb Bkvivq wfzK‡K Wv‡Kb Ges wb‡Ri nv‡Zi AvswU Ly‡j wfK‡K cÖ`vb K‡ib|
wfzK ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wbKU AvMgb K‡i welqwU Rvbvb| ZLb gnvb Avj­vn G AvqvZ bvwhj K‡ib| ivm~jyj­vn �
AvqvZwU cvV K‡i e‡jb, ÒAvwg hvi eÜz AvjxI Zvi eÜz| †n Avj­vn, Avjx‡K †h eÜz wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i Zv‡K Avcwb eÜz
wn‡m‡e MÖnY Ki“b Ges Avjxi mv‡_ †h kΓZv K‡i Avcwb Zvi mv‡_ kΓZv Ki“b|Ó 78
Dc‡ii Zvdmxi‡K kxqvMY Zv‡`i AvKx`vi wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| Zviv e‡jb, G AvqvZ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h,
Avjx‡K eÜz wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv ev Zuvi `jfy³ nIqv Cgv‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask| Kv‡RB gyÔAvweqv (iv) I Ab¨vb¨ mKj mvnvex

(iv) hviv Avjx (iv)ÑGi mv‡_ kΓZv K‡i‡Qb, ev Zuv‡K gZv †`b wb Ges Zuv‡`i hviv AbymiY K‡ib ev Zuv‡`i‡K
fvjev‡mb Zuviv mK‡jB KziAv‡bi wb‡`©k A¯^xKvi Kivi Kvi‡Y Kvwdi ev gyiZv` e‡j MY¨ (bvDh~ wej­vn!)|
GLv‡b KziAvb I Zvdmx‡ii g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ j¨ Ki“b| KziAv‡bi wb‡`©k hv Zvi ¯úó A_© †_‡K eySv hvq, Zv n‡jv,
gywgb‡`i‡K Aek¨B Avj­vn, Zuvi ivm~j Ges mvjvZ Kv‡qgKvix I hvKvZ cÖ`vbKvix gywgbMY‡K mvgwMÖKfv‡e eÜz wn‡m‡e MÖnY
Ki‡Z n‡e| Avjx (iv) I mKj mvnvex I Ab¨vb¨ gywgb Gi Aš—f©y³| Avjx (iv)-Gi we‡klZ¡ KziAvb Øviv cÖgvwYZ bq, eis
†Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv hqxd ev Lvevi“ Iqvwn` ch©v‡qi nv`x‡m ewY©Z Ges †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gydvm&wm‡ii gZ| G mKj gZ Øviv Avjx (iv)-
Gi gh©v`v Rvbv hvq, Z‡e KL‡bvB welqwU‡K gywg‡bi wek¦vm ev AvKx`vi Ask evbv‡bv hvq bv| GRb¨ †h †Kv‡bv fv‡e Avj­vn ev
Zuvi ivm~‡ji (�) we‡ivwaZv ev we‡Øl‡cvlY Cgvb webóKvix, wKš‘ RvMwZK ev BRwZnv`x Kvi‡Y Avjx (iv)-Gi we‡ivwaZv Kiv ev
Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gywg‡bi we‡ivwaZv Kiv Z`ªƒc bq| wKš‘ kxqvMY Zvdmxi‡K wek¦v‡mi Ask evwb‡q‡Qb|
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
35
ﹰﺔﹶﻔﻴ�ﻠﹶﺨ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ٌل�ﻋﺎ�ﺠ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ �ﺔﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤﹾﻠِﻟ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﹾﺫِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒhLb †Zvgvi cÖwZcvjK gvjvKMY‡K ej‡jb: Avwg c„w_ex‡Z Ô¯’jvwfwl³Õ m„wó KiwQ|Ó 79
Ljxdv A_© Ô¯’jvwfwl³Õ ev ÔMwÏbkxbÕ, whwb A‡b¨i Abycw¯’wZ‡Z Zvi ¯’‡j Ae¯’vb ev Kg© K‡ib| GLv‡b gnvb Avj­vn
e‡j‡Qb †h, wZwb Av`g‡K c„w_ex‡Z ÔLjxdvÕ ev ¯’jvwfwl³ wn‡m‡e †cÖiY Ki‡eb| Kvi ¯’jvwfwl³ Zv Avj­vn e‡jb wb|
gydvm&wmiMY †_‡K wZbwU gZ cÖwm×: (1) Beby AveŸvm (iv), Beby gvmE` (iv) cÖgyL mvnvexi g‡Z GLv‡b Ô¯’jvwfwl³Õ ej‡Z
c~e©eZ©x wRbœ RvwZi ¯’jvwfwl³ eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| (2) Beby hvB` I Ab¨vb¨ †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gydvm&wm‡ii g‡Z GLv‡b ÔLjxdvÕ ev
¯’jvwfwl³ ej‡Z eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q †h, Av`g mš—vbMY GK cÖR‡b¥i ci Av‡iK cÖRb¥ c„w_ex‡Z emevm Ki‡e Ges cieZ©x cÖRb¥
c~e©eZ©x‡`i ¯’jvwfwl³ n‡e| (3) Bgvg Zvevix I Ab¨vb¨ KwZcq gydvm&wmi e‡jb †h, GLv‡b Ljxdv A_© Avj­vni LjxdvI n‡Z
cv‡i| A_©r Av`g I Zuvi mš—vbMY c„w_ex‡Z Avj­vni wbqg-e¨e¯’v cÖwZôvi Rb&¨ ZuviB ¯’jvwfwl³| 80
Ljxdv kã, Gi eûePb Ges Gi wµqvc` KziAvb Kvix‡g cÖvq 20 ¯’v‡b e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| G mKj e¨env‡ii Av‡jv‡K
my¯úó †h, Ljxdv ej‡Z c~e©eZ©x cÖR‡b¥i ¯’jvwfwl³ eySv‡bv nq| GRb¨ KziAv‡bi e¨env‡ii Av‡jv‡K cÖ_g I wØZxq gZB
AwaK MÖnY‡hvM¨| Z…Zxq gZwUi wel‡q cÖ_g hy‡Mi A‡bK Avwjg AvcwË K‡i‡Qb| Zuviv e‡j‡Qb †h, gvbyl‡K Avj­vni
Ljxdv ejv Bmjvgx wek¦v‡mi cwicš’x| KviY, Kv‡iv g„Zz¨, ¯’vbvš—i ev Awe`¨gvbZvi Kvi‡YB Zvi ¯’jvwfwl³, MwÏbkxb ev
Ljxdvi cÖ‡qvRb nq| Avi gnvb Avj­vn †Zv Giƒc †Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †_‡K gnv cweÎ| KziAvb ev nv`x‡m gvbyl‡K
Avj­vni Ljxdv ejv nq wb, eis nv`xm kix‡d ejv n‡q‡Q †h, Avj­vnB gvby‡li Ljxdv ev ¯’jvwfwl³ nb| †hgb md‡ii
`yÔAvq ivm~jyj­vn � ej‡Zb: ÒAvcwbB md‡i (Avgv‡`i) mv_x Ges cwiev‡i (Avgv‡`i) Ljxdv ev ¯’jvwfwl³|Ó 81 GKe¨w³
Ave~ evKi (iv)-‡K m‡¤^vab K‡i e‡jb, †n Avj­vni Ljxdv| ZLb wZwb e‡jb, ÒAvwg Avj­vni Ljxdv bB, eis Avwg
ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi Ljxdv ev ¯’jvwfwl³|Ó 82
GZ`m‡Ë¡I cieZ©xKv‡j G Avqv‡Zi Zvdmx‡i GB Z…Zxq gZwUB cÖwmw× jvf K‡i| kxqvMY G Zvdmxi‡K Inxi
mgZyj¨ Ges Inxi m¤ú~iK e‡j MY¨ K‡i G‡K Zv‡`i AvKx`vi wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Q| Zviv `vwe K‡ib †h, gvbyl
Avj­vni Ljxdv Ges G wLjvdv‡Zi P~ovš— iƒc bexMY I Avjx es‡ki BgvgM‡Yi g‡a¨ weivRgvb| Avi Kv‡iv Ljxdv ev
¯’jvwfwl³ n‡Z n‡j Aek¨B Zv‡K Zvi gZ gZv I kw³i AwaKvix n‡Z n‡e| G hyw³‡Z Zviv `vwe K‡ib †h, Avjx
es‡ki BgvgMY gnvb Avj­vni gZB A‡jŠwKK MvBex Ávb, I A‡jŠwKK gZvi AwaKvix, Zv bv n‡j Zuviv Avj­vni wLjvdZ
wKfv‡e Pvjv‡eb? Gfv‡e Zviv GKwU Zvdmxi‡K Inx wn‡m‡e MY¨ K‡i Zvi Dc‡i wKQz hyw³ ZK© w`‡q GKwU AvKx`v ev
wek¦vm ˆZwi K‡i‡Qb, hv KziAvb ev nv`x‡m KL‡bv †Kv_vI Gfv‡e ejv nq wb|
GLv‡b Inx I Zvdmx‡ii cv_©K¨ j¨ Ki“b| Inxi wb‡`©kbv †h, Av`g‡K gnvb Avj­vn c„w_ex‡Z ÔLjxdvÕ wn‡m‡e
m„wó K‡i‡Qb| GZUzKz wek¦vm Kiv gywg‡bi Rb¨ AZ¨vek¨Kxq| †KD hw` Zv A¯^xKvi K‡i Z‡e Zv Awek¦vm e‡j MY¨| Z‡e
Kvi Ljxdv Zv Avj­vn my¯úófv‡e †Kv_vI e‡jb wb| G wel‡q gydvm&wmiM‡Yi gZvgZ Bjgx Av‡jvPbv e‡U, wKš‘ Inxi
mgZzj¨ bq|
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, Dc‡ii Zvdmxi¸wj MÖnY‡hvM¨ Ges mvnvex, Zvweqx ev cieZ©x hy‡Mi cÖwm× gydvmwmiMY
†_‡K ewY©Z n‡jI G¸wj KziAv‡bi my¯úó wb‡`©kbvi gZ wek¦v‡mi wfwË bq| G¸wj Bjgx I wdKnx Av‡jvPbvi m~Î n‡jI
AvKx`vi Drm bq| Giƒc MÖnY‡hvM¨ Zvdmx‡ii cvkvcvwk Zvdmxi bv‡g A‡bK D¢U I AvR¸we K_vI cvVK A‡bK MÖ‡š’
†`L‡eb, †h¸wji mv‡_ KziAv‡bi evYxi †Kv‡bv m¤úK© †bB| G¸wj Zvdmx‡ii bv‡g weK…wZ ˆe wKQzB bq| †hgb m~iv

dvwZnvi †kl Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb Òhviv †µv‡a wbcwZZ bq Ges c_åóI bqÓ 83 | Gi Zvdmx‡i †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv kxqv
gydvm&wmi e‡j‡Qb †h, †µv‡a wbcwZZ A_© hviv Avjxi mv‡_ hy× K‡i‡Qb Ges c_åó A_© hviv wbi‡c †_‡K‡Qb ev
Dfq`j‡K fvj e‡j‡Qb| m~iv ivngv‡b gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb: Ò`qvgq Avj­vn, wZwbB wkv w`‡q‡Qb KziAvb| wZwbB m„wó
K‡i‡Qb gvbyl Ges wkv w`‡q‡Qb Zv‡K eY©bv|Ó 84 Gi Zvdmx‡i (!) Giƒc †KD †KD e‡j‡Qb †h, gvbyl m„wó K‡i‡Qb A_©
gynv¤§v` (�)-‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb Ges eY©bv wkv w`‡q‡Qb A_© Avj­vni mKj MvBex Ávb Zuv‡K wkv w`‡q‡Qb| Avi G Ávb
Zuvi †_‡K Avjx es‡ki BgvgMY jvf K‡i‡Qb!!!
cieZ©x Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv †`Le †h, gymwjg D¤§vni AwaKvsk weåvwš—i wcQ‡b G KviYwU we`¨gvb| KziAv‡bi AgyK
Avqv‡Zi Zvdmx‡i AgyK gydvm&wm‡ii e³e¨, AgyK nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vq AgyK gynvwχmi e³e¨ BZ¨vw`‡K ÔAvKx`vÕi wfwË
wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kivi d‡j wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii weåvwš— Rb¥ wb‡q‡Q| Inxi e¨vL¨vq AvwjgM‡Yi gZvg‡Zi g~j¨ i‡q‡Q, Z‡e Zv
Aek¨B gvbexq gZvgZ gvÎ| KL‡bvB Zv Inxi mgch©v‡qi ev Inxi m¤ú~iK bq|
1. 2. 6. 5. ag©¸i“MY ev AvwjgM‡Yi gZvgZ
mKj a‡g©B AvwjgMY ev ag©¸i“MY a‡g©i e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb K‡ib Ges a‡g©i wewaweavb I ag©wek¦vm wkv cÖ`vb K‡ib| Z‡e
Bn~`x-L„÷vb m¤cÖ`vq, we‡klZ L„÷vb m¤cÖ`vq ag©¸i“ ev eyRyM©‡`i BmgvZ ev Aåvš—Zv I cweÎ-AvZ¥v †_‡K cÖvß Kvkd-Bjnv‡g
wek¦vm K‡i Zv‡`i gZvgZ‡KB `x‡bi P~ovš— mZ¨ e‡j MÖnY K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i eyRywM©, KvivgZ, Kvkd I we‡kl Áv‡bi Dci wbf©i
K‡i Zv‡`i gZvgZ‡K Zviv Inxi gZB gh©v`v `vb K‡i‡Q| eis Inxi Avi we‡kl †Kv‡bv g~j¨ _v‡K wb| G mKj ag©¸i“ Inxi †h
e¨vL¨v w`‡q‡Qb ZvB P~ovš— e‡j MY¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i e³‡e¨i mviK_v wQj, Inxi e³e¨ Avgiv eySe bv, G¸wj mvaviY
gvbyl‡`i Rb¨ bq, cweÎ Av&Z¥vq c~Y© n‡q Kvkd, Bjnvg I we‡kl Áv‡bi gva¨‡g ag©¸i“, cv`wi ev †cvc †h wm×vš— w`‡eb †mwUB
Inxi GKgvÎ e¨vL¨v e‡j MY¨ n‡e| gnvb Avj­vn KziAvb Kvix‡g Giƒc wek¦vm‡K wkiK e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb| cieZ©xKv‡j
Avgiv Zv we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kie|
gymwjg D¤§vni AvKx`vMZ wefw³ I weåvwš—i Ab¨Zg KviY cieZ©x AvwjgM‡Yi e³e¨‡K AvKx`vi Drm wn‡m‡e MÖnY
Kiv| g~jZ kxqv wdiKvi AbymvixMYB cÖ_gZ Bgvg I †bKKvi‡`i BmgvZ I Zv‡`i Bjgy jv`ybœx, Kvkd, Bjnvg BZ¨vw`i
Aåvš—Zvi wek¦vm cÖPvi K‡i| cieZ©xKv‡j gymwjg D¤§vni ivR‰bwZK `ye©jZvi w`b¸wj‡Z KvivwgZv, dvwZwgq¨vn,
BmvgCwjq¨vn, evwZwbq¨vn, bymvBwiq¨vn, `yi“h BZ¨vw` kxqv wdiKv mKj gymwjg mgv‡R e¨vcK we¯—vi jvf K‡i| A‡bK
mvaviY †bKKvi gvbylI Zv‡`i gZvgZ Øviv cÖfvweZ nb| d‡j Avwjg-eyRyM©M‡Yi gZvgZ‡KB AvKx`vi g~j wfwË aiv nq|
AgyK Avwjg AgyK K_v e‡j‡Qb, wZwb wK wKQzB Rvb‡Zb bv? Kv‡RB K_vwU wVK Ges ïay wVKB bq, Gi weciZxZ K_v weåwš—
|
wbtm‡›`‡n Bmjv‡g Avwjg I †bKKviM‡Yi gh©v`v i‡q‡Q| Z‡e Zuviv gvÕm~g bb, Zv‡`i gZvgZ KziAvb mybœvni
Av‡jv‡K wePvi K‡i MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| fy‡ji Kvi‡Y †hgb †Kv‡bv †bKKvi e¨w³ wel‡q Kz-aviYv †cvlY Kiv hvq bv, †Zgwb
†Kv‡bv †bKKvi e‡j‡Qb e‡jB Zv Aåvš— e‡j wek¦vm Kiv hvq bv|
Avgiv Dc‡i †`‡LwQ †h, KzivAvb I nv`x‡mi c‡i Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g wZb cÖRb¥‡K KziAvb I nv`x‡m ¸i“Z¡ †`Iqv
n‡q‡Q| †h K_v KziAv‡b ev cÖ_g wZb hy‡M cÖwm× BgvgMY KZ©„K M„nxZ mnxn nv`x‡m †bB †m K_v AvKx`vi Ask n‡Z cv‡i
bv, Bjgx Av‡jvPbvi welq n‡Z cv‡i| AvKx`v GKgvÎ Kzi&Avb I nv`xm †_‡KB wkL‡Z n‡e| hw` KziAvb ev nv`x‡mi †Kv‡bv
wb‡`©kb my¯úóZB ci¯úi we‡ivax nq A_ev †m wel‡q gZ‡f‡`i mwó nq Ges e¨vL¨vi cÖ‡qvRb nq Z‡e †m wel‡q e¨vL¨vi
AwaKvi mvnvexM‡Yi| Zuviv hw` wKQz bv e‡jb Z‡e Avgv‡`i wKQz ejvi Avi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| †h wel‡q hZUzKz e‡j A_ev wKQz
bv e‡j mvnvexM‡Yi Cgvb mwVK †_‡K‡Q †m wel‡q ZZUzKz ej‡j A_ev wKQz bv ej‡j Avgv‡`i CgvbI mwVK _vK‡e|
cieZ©x hy‡Mi AvwjgMY A‡bK K_vB e‡j‡Qb| cÖ_g wZb gyeviK kZvãxi c‡i, Ges we‡klZ, µz‡mW hy‡× Avµvš—
Ges c‡i ZvZvi Avµg‡b civwRZ wQbœwfbœ gymwjg mgvR¸wj‡Z A‡bK Avwjg, eyRyM© A‡bK K_v e‡j‡Qb, Zv‡`i wecix‡ZI
A‡b‡K A‡bK K_v e‡j‡Qb| Avgv‡`i †`L‡Z n‡e, G mKj K_v wK mvnvexMY e‡j‡Qb? hw` Zuviv wKQz bv e‡jb Z‡e
Avgv‡`i gyw³i c_ n‡jv wKQz bv ejv| wKQz ej‡j Zv Ajm Bjgx weZK© n‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e AvKx`vi welq n‡Z cv‡i bv|
D¤§v‡Zi mKj Avwjg I eyRyM©B m¤§vwbZ| Zv‡`i m¤§vb Kiv gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡| Zv‡`i gva¨‡gB `xb Avgiv †c‡qwQ| Z‡e
m¤§vb Kiv Ges Aåvš—Zvq wek¦vm Kiv GK bq| D¤§v‡Zi cieZ©x hy‡Mi AvwjgMY A‡bK K_v e‡j‡Qb, Zv‡`i gZvg‡Zi m¤§vb
Ki‡Z n‡e Ges †Kv‡bv gZ evn¨Z mybœv‡Zi wecixZ n‡j Zvi fvj e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e KL‡bvB Zv‡K AvKx`vi g~j wfwË
wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv hvq bv ev Giƒc g‡Zi wfwˇZ KziAvb ev mybœv‡Zi wb‡`©kbvi e¨vL¨v Kiv hvq bv|
1. 2. 6. 6. gvbexq Ávb-eyw× I hyw³-wKqvm
ÔAvKx`vÕ ev ag©wek¦v‡mi †‡Î ÔAvKjÕ ev gvbexq Ávbeyw×i Ae¯’vb wbY©‡qi †‡Î wØgywL weåvwš— we`¨gvb| wKQz gvbyl
Ôag©wek¦v‡mi wel‡q ÔAvKjÕ-†K G‡Kev‡i evwZj K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| Zviv `vwe K‡i‡Qb †h, AwZ›`ªxq ev MvBex wel‡q Inxi gva¨‡g hv
36

wKQz ejv n‡e ZvB wek¦vm Ki‡Z n‡e, Zv hZB Ávb-weÁv‡bi mv‡_ mvsNwl©K †nvK| G Kvi‡Y gvbexq Ávb I eyw×-we‡e‡Ki mv‡_
mvsNwl©K AvR¸we I D¢U welqvw` ag©wek¦vm ev AvKx`v bv‡g cÖPvi K‡i‡Qb| G‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg Bn~`x I L„÷vb a‡g©i cieZ©x
ag©¸i“MY| we‡klZ weK…Z L„÷a‡gi g~j wek¦vm gvbexq Áv‡bi mv‡_ m¤ú~Y© mvsNwl©K| gnvb Avj­vni GKZ¡ I w·Z¡ wek¦vm
GgbB| Zuviv wek¦vm K‡ib †h, gnvb Avj­vni mËv wZbRb e¨w³i mgš^‡q MwVZ| G wZb e¨w³ m¤ú~Y© c„_K I cÖ‡Z¨‡K ¯^qsm¤ú~Y©
Ck¦i, wKš‘ Zviv wZb Ck¦i bb, eis GK Ck¦i| Ck¦i cÖK…ZB wZb Ges cÖK…ZB GK| Giƒc D¢U K_v‡K Zviv wewfbœfv‡e hyw³MÖvn¨
Kivi †Póv K‡i e¨_© n‡q †kl ch©š— e‡jb: welqwU A‡hŠw³K I Aev¯—e, Z‡e †h‡nZz ag©MÖ‡š’ i‡q‡Q ZvB Avgiv wek¦vm Kwi (an
irrational truth found in revelation)
Zv‡`i G K_vwU cÖZviYv gvÎ| cÖ_gZ, KL‡bvB †Kv‡bv ag©MÖ‡š’ wÎZ¡ev‡`i G K_v¸wj †bB| cÖPwjZ weK…Z evB‡e‡ji
g‡a¨I †Kv_vI wÎZ¡ev` (Trinity) kãwUB †bB, Gi msÁv ev e¨vL¨v †Zv A‡bK `~‡ii K_v| wØZxqZ, hw` †Kv‡bv ag©MÖ‡š’
Giƒc K_v _v‡K Z‡e Zv cÖgvY Ki‡e †h, Zv gnvb Avj­vni †`Iqv Inx bq; KviY Inx I gvbexq Ávb DfqB GKB Drm
†_‡K AvMZ, Kv‡RB Df‡qi g‡a¨ e¨wZµg _vK‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e msNl© _vK‡Z cv‡i bv|
cÖPwjZ L„÷xq ag©wek¦v‡mi Av‡iKwU g~j welq cÖvqwðZ¡ev`| Zviv wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Av`‡gi dj f‡Yi Kvi‡Y Zvi mKj
mš—vbB cvcx I wPi¯’vqx Rvnvbœvgx| G cvc †gvP‡bi Rb¨ GKwU Kzievbx ev DrmM© cÖ‡qvRb| Avi GRb¨ hxï µz‡k g„Zz¨eiY K‡i
mKj Av`g mš—v‡bi cv‡ci cÖvqwðË K‡ib| wbtm‡›`‡n welqwU gvbexq Áv‡bi mv‡_ mvsNwl©K| G‡Ki cv‡c A‡b¨i Rvnvbœvg
cvIbv nIqv †hgb D¢U, †Zgwb G‡Ki Rvnvbœvggyw³i Rb¨ wbiciva Ab¨ Av‡iKR‡bi kvw¯— †`IqvI D¢U| G wel‡q †gRi
B‡qUm eªvDb bvgK R‰bK L„÷vb cwÊZ e‡jb:
"No heathen tribe has conceived so grotesque an idea, involving as it does the assumption, that
man was born with a hereditary stain uopn him, and that this stain (for wihch he was not personally
responsible) was to be atoned for, and that the creator of all things had to sacrifice His only begotten
son to neutralise this mysterious curse." 85
Ab¨ Av‡iK `j gvbyl wVK Gi wecixZ Ae¯’vb wb‡q‡Qb| Zviv Inxi Aw¯—Z¡ ¯^xKvi Ki‡jI wek¦v‡mi †‡Î
AvKj‡KB cÖavb e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i g‡Z Inxi welqwU mK‡ji Rb¨ †evaMg¨ bq, Kv‡RB Inxi †Kvb& e³e¨ mwVK
Ges †Kvb&wU fyj ev iƒcK Zv AvKj w`‡q wba©viY Ki‡Z n‡e| G hyw³‡Z Zviv gvbexq AvKj‡K MvBex RM‡Zi ¯^iƒc wbY©‡q
c~Y© ¯^vaxbZv cÖ`vb K‡ib| G‡`i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Qb `vk©wbKMY Ges gymwjg D¤§vni wewfbœ wdiKv| Giv Inxi wePv‡i gvbexq
AvKj‡K P~ovš— ¯^vaxbZv cÖ`vb K‡ib| d‡j cÖ‡Z¨K gvbyl AvK‡ji bv‡g wbR wbR cQ›`, AbyfywZ I gZvgZ AvKx`v evwb‡q
†d‡j|
Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©kbv Gi gvSvgvwS I mgš^qg~jK| Inxi wkv Áv‡bi mwVKZ¡ cÖgvY K‡i Ges Áv‡bi wb‡`©kbv Inxi
mwVKZ¡ cÖgvY K‡i| MvBex ev wek¦v‡mi wel‡q Inx we¯—vwiZ wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb K‡i Ges gvbexq Áv‡bi AvqZ¡vaxb wel‡q Inx
we¯—vwiZ Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i bv, eis †gŠwjK w`K wb‡`©kbv †`q| cvš—‡i Bw›`ªqvaxb wel‡q gvbexq Ávb we¯—vwiZ Z_¨ cÖ`vb
K‡i Ges MvBex wel‡q mvaviY w`K wb‡`©kbvi g‡a¨ mxwgZ _v‡K| gvbexq Ávb, eyw× ev we‡eK Inxi †hŠw³KZv wePvi
Ki‡e| KziAvb Kvix‡g gnvb Avj­vn evisevi ÔAvKjÕ ev gvbexq Ávbeyw×i gva¨‡g wek¦v‡mi †hŠw³KZv Abyaveb Ki‡Z
wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| cvš—‡i ÔAvKjÕ-Gi bv‡g gbgwR© ev ÔnvIqvÕ (ﻯﻭﻬﻟﺍ)-i AbymiY Kivi aŸsmvZ¥K cwiYwZi K_v evisevi
Rvwb‡q‡Qb|
gvbexq Ávb-eyw× gnvb Avj­vni Ab¨Zg wbqvgZ| gnvb Avj­vn gvbyl‡K G wbqvgZ w`‡qB m‡e©v”P gh©v`v cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb|
†h‡nZz AvKj I Inx `ywUB Avj­vni c †_‡K cÖ`Ë †bqvgZ †m‡nZz G `y‡qi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv ˆecixZ¨ _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| Z‡e G
`y‡qi wePiY †‡Î m¤ú~Y© c„_K|
GKwU D`vniY †_‡K Avgiv welqwU Abyaveb Ki‡Z cvie| Inxi bv‡g hw` ejv nq mªóv bigvsm fY cQ›` K‡ib,
A_ev bieewj‡Z mªóv Lywk nb, A_ev mªóv gvby‡li g‡bi K_v Rv‡bb bv, A_ev wZwb A‡bK welq †`L‡Z cvb bv, A_ev
mªóv‡K †Kv‡bvfv‡e cÖZviYv K‡i Zuvi eijvf ev RvbœvZ jvf m¤¢e... Z‡e Zv gnvb mªóvi c †_‡K cÖ`Ë wkv bq e‡jB
cÖgvwYZ n‡e| KviY G mKj welq gvbexq eyw× we‡e‡Ki mv‡_ mvsNwl©K|
cvš—‡i hw` ejv nq †h, gnvb Avj­vn gvkxj-Ki“Yvgq Ges wZwb b¨vqwePviK I kvw¯—`vZv Z‡e Dfq welqB gvbexq
Áv‡b m¤¢e I †hŠw³K| †h‡nZz welq`ywUB †hŠw³K I eyw×MÖvn¨, †m‡nZz G wel‡q Inxi wb‡`©kvewj mij A‡_© wek¦vm KivB gywg‡bi
`vwqZ¡| GLb hw` †KD wb‡Ri eyw× w`‡q Dfq we‡kl‡Yi g‡a¨ ˆecixZ¨ Abyfe K‡i Zvi mgvavbK‡í wewfbœ gZvgZ ˆZwi K‡ib
Ges Giƒc ˆZwi Kiv gZvg‡Zi wfwˇZ Inxi wkv evwZj ev e¨vL¨v K‡ib Z‡e Zv wbtm‡›`‡n weåvwš—| †hgb †KD e‡jb, †h‡nZz
Avj­vn b¨vq wePviK †m‡nZz wZwb †Kv‡bv cvcx gymwjg‡K kvw¯— Qvov gv Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv, Kv‡RB †h mKj AvqvZ ev nv`x‡m cvcx
gywgb‡K gv Kivi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q Zv evwZj ev Zvi Ab¨ e¨vL¨v i‡q‡Q| Gi wecix‡Z Ab¨iv ej‡jb, gnvb Avj­vn †h‡nZz
gvkxj, †m‡nZz wZwb †Kv‡bv gywgb‡K kvw¯— w`‡Z cv‡ib bv, AZGe cvcx gywg‡bi kvw¯— welqK mKj AvqvZ I nv`xm ¯^vfvweK
37

mij A‡_© MÖnY bv K‡i e¨vL¨v K‡i evwZj Ki‡Z n‡e| Giƒc mKj gZvgZB weåvwš—Ki| cieZ©x Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv †`Le †h,
Avj­vni we‡klY I Kg© welqK mKj weåvwš—i Drm wQj MvBex wel‡qi mKj wKQz Ávb w`‡q P~ovš—fv‡e †R‡b †bIqvi Ac‡Póv
Kiv|
AvKx`vi †‡Î wKqvm-BRwZnv` I hyw³wbf©iZvi wel‡q Bgvg Ave~ BDm~d (182 wn) e‡jb:
ﺩـﻘﻓ ... ﻪﻟ لﺜﻤ ﻻﻭ ﻪﻟ ﻪﺒﺸ ﻻ ﺱﺩﻘﺘﻭ ﻰﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﷲﺎﻓ ،لﺜﻤﻭ ﻪﺒﺸ ﻪﻟ ﺀﻲﺸ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻥﻷ .... ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻟﺎﺒ ﺩﻴﺤﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﻴﻟ
ﻥﺫﺇ ﻩﺍﻭﻫﻭ ﻪﺴﺎﻴﻗﻭ ﻪﻴﺃﺭﺒ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ ﺀﺎﻐﺘﺒﺍﻭ ﺩﻴﺤﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺱﺎﻤﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻊﺴﻭﻴ ﻭﻟﻭ ﹰﺎﻌﻴﻁﻤ ﹰﺎﻌﻤﺎﺴ ﹰﺎﻌﺒﺎﺘ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻥﺃ لﺠﻭ ﺯﻋ ﷲﺍ ﻙﺭﻤﺃ
. ﻙﻟﺫ ﻪﺒ ﺭﺴﻓ ﺎﻤ ﻡﻬﻓﺎﻓ ( ﻥﻬﻴﻓ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺽﺭﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﻭﻤﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺩﺴﻔﻟ ﻡﻫﺀﺍﻭﻫﺃ ﻕﺤﻟﺍ ﻊﺒﺘﺍ ﻭﻟ
: ﷲﺍ لﻭﻗ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻊﻤﺴﺘ ﻡﻟﺃ ،ﺍﻭﻠﻀﻟ
ÒZvInx` ev AvKx`v wKqvm Øviv †kLv hvq bv| .... KviY wKqvm †Zv P‡j Ggb wel‡q hvi Zzjbv Av‡Q I bgybv
Av‡Q| Avi gnvb gnvcweÎ Avj­vni †Zv †Kv‡bv ZzjbvI †bB Ges bgybvI †bB| gnvb Avj­vn †Zvgv‡K wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb †h
Zzwg AbymiY Ki‡e, ïb‡e I AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡e| hw` D¤§vZ‡K ZvInx` mÜvb I Cgvb AR©‡bi Rb¨ wbR¯^ gZvgZ, wKqvm I
cQ‡›`i my‡hvM †`Iqv nq Z‡e mevB weåvš— n‡q hv‡e| Zzwg wK ïb wb? gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb: ÔmZ¨ hw` G‡`i gZvgZcQ‡›`i
AbyMZ n‡Zv Z‡e wek„•Lj n‡q coZ AvKvkgÊjx, c„w_ex Ges GZ`yf‡qi ga¨eZ©x mKj wKQz|Õ 86 Kv‡RB G
Avqv‡Zi Zvdmxi fvj K‡i ü`q½g Ki|Ó 87
1. 3. Bmjvgx AvKx`vi ¸i“Z¡
Bmjv‡gi mKj weavb I K‡g©i g‡a¨ †hgb Cgv‡bi ¸i“Z¡ †ewk, †Zgwbfv‡e mKj Bmjvgx Bjg ev Áv‡bi g‡a¨ Cgvb ev
AvKx`v welqK Áv‡bi ¸i“Z¡ me‡P‡q †ewk| Bmjvgx AvKx`vi cVb I cvV‡bi gva¨‡g Avgiv wb‡gœi welq¸wj Rvb‡Z cvwi:
(1) weï× Cgv‡bi cwiwPwZ I ¯^iƒc
(2) Cgvb webóKvix welqvw`, †m¸wji KviY I ¯^iƒc
(3) weåvwš—Ki AvKx`vmg~n, †m¸wjii KviY I ¯^iƒc
g~jZ GKRb gywg‡bi Rb¨ G welq¸wj wel`fv‡e AeMZ nIqv Zvi `ywbqv I AvwLiv‡Zi gyw³ I mdjZvi Rb¨
Acwinvh©|
1. 3. 1. weï× Cgv‡bi ¸i“Z¡
gvby‡li cªK…wZ I gvbeRvwZi BwZnvm ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, mwVK wek¦vmB gvby‡li mKj mdjZv
I †mŠfv‡M¨i wfwË| wek¦vmB gvby‡li cwiPvwjKv kw³| mwVK wek¦vm gvbyl‡K gvbeZvi wkL‡i Zz‡j †`q, Zvi Rxe‡b e‡q
Av‡b Adziš— kvwš— I Avb›`| Avi fyj wek¦vm ev Kzms¯‹vi gvby‡li gb‡K m`ve¨¯—, Aw¯’i I nZvk K‡i †d‡j|
Avgiv Rvwb wek¦vm I K‡g©i mgš^‡q Bmjvg| mwVK wek¦vm ev Cgvb Bmjv‡gi g~j wfwË| Avgiv hZ Bev`Z ev mrKg©
Kwi mewKQy Avj­vni wbKU Keyj ev MªnY‡hvM¨ nIqvi cÖ_g kZ© weï× wki&K-Kzdigy³ Cgvb| KziAvb Kix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b GK_v
ejv n‡q‡Q| GK ¯’v‡b Avj­vn e‡jb:
38
ﹰﺍﺭﻭﹸﻜﹾﺸ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻴ�ﻌ�ﺴ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺄﹶﻓ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴ�ﻌ�ﺴ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﻰ�ﻌ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﹶﺓ�ﺭ�ﺨﻵﺍ �ﺩﹶﺍﺭَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒGes †h e¨w³ ci‡jŠwKK Rxe‡b Kj¨vY Pvq, †m Rb¨ †Póv K‡i Ges †m wek¦vmx ev gywgb nq Zvn‡j Zvi †Póv I Kg© Keyj
Kiv n‡e|Ó 88
`ywbqv‡Z Avj­vni wbqvgZ I eiKZ AR©‡bi Ges Avj­vni Iqv`vK…Z cweÎ Rxeb jv‡fi kZ© n‡jv mwVK Cgvb|
Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹺﻥ�ﺴ�ﺤَﺄﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﺠَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨ�ﻴﹺﺯ�ﺠﹶﻨﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﹰﺔ�ﺒ�ﻴﹶﻁ ﹰﺓﺎ�ﻴ�ﺤ �ﻪﱠﻨ�ﻴ�ﻴ�ﺤﹸﻨﹶﻠﹶﻓ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﻰﹶﺜﹾﻨُﺃ �ﻭَﺃ ﹴﺭﹶﻜﹶﺫ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﺤِﻟﺎ�ﺼ َل�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ
ÔÔhw` †Kv‡bv cyi“l ev gwnjv mrKg© K‡i Ges †m gywgb nq, Avwg Aek¨B Zv‡`i‡K (`ywbqv‡Z) cweÎ Rxeb w`‡q RxweZ ivLe
Ges (AvwLiv‡Z) Zv‡`i m‡e©vËg K‡g©i Dci wfwË K‡i Zv‡`i cyi®‹vi `vb Kie|ÕÕ 89
`ywbqv‡Z mvwe©K eiKZ I Kj¨vY jv‡fi Rb¨ cÖ_gZ mwVK I weï× Cgv‡bi AwaKvix n‡Z n‡e| AZtci Avj­vn‡K
fq K‡i mr Rxeb hvcb Ki‡Z n‡e| Avi Kzdix ev Awek¦v‡mi kvw¯— n‡jv aŸsm I wZ| cweÎ KziAv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q:
ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎـﹶﻜ ﺎـ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎﹶﻨﹾﺫـﹶﺨَﺄﹶﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﺒﱠﺫﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺕﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭ�ﺒ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺤﹶﺘﹶﻔﹶﻟ ﺍ�ﻭﹶﻘﱠﺘﺍ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ ﻯ�ﺭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ َل�ﻫَﺃ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺒ�ﺴﹾﻜ�ﻴ
ÔÔhw` Rbc` mg~‡ni Awaevmxiv Cgvb AvbZ Ges ZvKIqv Aej¤^b KiZ Z‡e Avwg Zv‡`i Rb¨ AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_exi

eiKZ-Kj¨vYmg~n Db¥y³ K‡i w`Zvg| wKš‘ Zviv Awek¦vm Kij, Kv‡RB Avwg Zv‡`i Kg© Abyhvqx dj `vb Kijvg|ÕÕ 90
Avj­vni eÜzZ¡ I mš‘wó AR©‡bi cÖ_g avcB weï× Cgvb| Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﺯ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹲﻑ�ﻭﹶﺨ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ ﻻَﺃ
Ò†R‡b ivL! Avj­vni IjxM‡Yi †Kv‡bv fq †bB Ges Zuviv wPš—vMÖ¯—I n‡e bv- hviv Cgvb G‡b‡Q Ges ZvKIqvi c_
AbymiY K‡i|Ó 91
GLv‡b `ywU welq AZ¨š— ¸i“‡Z¡i mv‡_ jYxq:
cÖ_gZ, Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e©B D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, gvbyl cÖK…wZMZfv‡eB gvbexq eyw×, we‡eK I hyw³i gva¨‡g gnvb mªóvi Aw¯—Z¡
Abyfe I cÖgvY Ki‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ Zuvi cÖwZ wek¦v‡mi ¯^iƒc I we¯—vwiZ welqvw` Abyfe Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| GRb¨ Inxi Áv‡bi Dci
wbf©i Ki‡Z nq| GRb¨ KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Bmjvgx Cgv‡bi ¯^iƒc, wfwË, AviKvb BZ¨vw` we¯—vwiZ AeMZ nIqv Qvov
weï× Cgvb AR©b Kiv m¤¢e bq|
wØZxqZ, Avgiv cieZ©x wewfbœ Aa¨v‡q †`Le †h, Cgvb AR©‡bi b¨vq msiYI AZxe ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq| hy‡M hy‡M
A‡bK RvwZB bex-ivm~jM‡Yi gva¨‡g Avmgvbx †n`vqvZ I Cgvb jvf K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ Zviv Zv msiY Ki‡Z cv‡i wb| eis
wewfbœ Cgvb webóKvix wek¦vm ev K‡g©i gva¨‡g Zviv Cgvb nvwi‡q †d‡j‡Q| GRb¨ Cgvb web‡ói KviY I Awek¦v‡mi ¯^iƒc
Rvbv gywg‡bi Rb¨ AZxe cÖ‡qvRbxq welq|
1. 3. 2. Cgvb webóKvix welqvw` m¤ú‡K© Ávbjv‡fi ¸i“Z¡
KziAvb Kvix‡gi Bn~`x, L„÷vb, Avi‡ei KvwdiMY I Ab¨vb¨ m¤cÖ`v‡qi eY©bv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| Giv mK‡jB
wbR‡`i‡K LvwU gywgb e‡jB `vwe I wek¦vm KiZ| Zvi gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi `xb‡KB weåvwš— I cye©cyi“l‡`i gva¨‡g cÖvß LuvwU
a‡g©i e¨wZµg e‡j g‡b KiZ| A_P Zviv mK‡jB Cgvb webóKvix wkiK, Kzdi BZ¨vw`i g‡a¨ wjß wQj| Zviv A‡bK
†bKKg© KiZ Ges Avj­vni Bev`Z e‡›`wM KiZ| wKš‘ Cgvb-webóKvix welqvw`‡Z ev wki&K-Kzd‡i wjß _vKv Ae¯’vq G
mKj Kg© KL‡bvB Avj­vni Kv‡Q MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| GRb¨ gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﺴﺎﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﹶﻨﻭﹸﻜ ﹶﺘﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻙﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻥﹶﻁ�ﺒ�ﺤ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﹶﺕﹾﻜ�ﺭﹾﺸَﺃ �ﻥِﺌﹶﻟ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻲ�ﺤﻭُﺃ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ�ﻭ
ÔÔwbðqB †Zvgvi cÖwZ Ges †Zvgvi c~e©eZ©xM‡Yi cÖwZ G Inx †cÖiY Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, hw` Zzwg wki‡K wjß nI, Z‡e
Aek¨B †Zvgvi Kg© webó n‡q hv‡e Ges Zzwg wbwðZiƒ‡c wZMÖ¯—‡`i Aš—fz³ n‡e|ÕÕ 92
Ab¨Î Bikv` Kiv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﺴﺎﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺓ�ﺭ�ﺨَﻵﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﻪﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻋ ﹶﻁﹺﺒ�ﺤ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹺﻥﺎ�ﻤﻴِﻹﺎﹺﺒ �ﺭﹸﻔﹾﻜ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒAvi †KD Cgvb cÖZ¨vL¨vb Ki‡j Zvi Kg© webó ev wbõj n‡e Ges †m ciKv‡j wZMÖ¯—‡`i Aš—f©y³ n‡e|Ó 93
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb,
ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻅ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤﹾﺜِﺇ ﻯ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﻓﺍ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻙﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤِﻟ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻙ�ﺭﹾﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
ÒAvj­vn Zuvi mv‡_ kixK Kivi Aciva gv K‡ib bv| Zv Qvov Ab¨vb¨ Aciva hv‡K B”Q gv K‡ib| Ges †h †KD
Avj­vi mv‡_ kixK K‡i †m GK gnvcvc K‡i|Ó 94
G g‡g© Av‡iv A‡bK AvqvZ I nv`xm Avgiv cieZ©x Aa¨vq¸wj‡Z †`Le| GRb¨ Cgvb webóKvix wel‡qi ¯^iƒc,
G¸wji KviY I c~e©eZ©x D¤§vZ¸wji weåvwš—i KviY I †cÖvcU AeMZ nIqv gywg‡bi Ab¨Zg `vwqZ¡| Ab¨_vq kqZv‡bi
cÖ‡ivPbvq AwR©Z Cgvb webó nIqvi mg~n m¤¢vebv _v‡K|
1. 3. 3. weåvwš—Ki AvKx`v m¤ú‡K© ÁvbvR©‡bi ¸i“Z¡
Avgiv c~e©eZ©x Aby‡”Q` †_‡K †R‡bwQ Ges cieZ©x Aa¨vq¸wj †_‡KI Rvb‡Z cvie †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Av`k©B
gywg‡bi bvRv‡Zi GKgvÎ c_| mKj wel‡qi b¨vq Cgvb I AvKx`vi †‡Î Zuvi Av`k© †_‡K wePz¨wZ KwVb cvc I aŸs‡mi
c_| wZwb †h Kg© K‡ib wb †m Kg©‡K eyRywM© ev `xb`vwi g‡b Kivi A_© Zuvi mybœvZ‡K Ac~Y© e‡j MY¨ Kiv Ges& cvc|
Abyiƒcfv‡e wek¦vm I AvKx`vi †‡Î wZwb hv e‡jb wb Zv ejv ev Abyiƒc †Kv‡bv welq‡K Bmjvgx wek¦v‡mi Aš—©fy³ e‡j MY¨
KivI Zuvi mybœvZ‡K AeÁv Kiv I Ac~Y© g‡b Kiv| Giƒc Kiv KwVb cvc| K‡g©i †‡Î †bKKvi n‡jI ev K‡g©i †‡Î cvcx
bv n‡jI wek¦vm ev AvKx`vi †‡Î Giƒc mybœvZ-we‡ivwaZvi Kvi‡Y G e¨w³ cvcx nb| Giƒc e¨w³ wek¦v‡mi weåvwš—i Kvi‡Y
Rvnvbœvgx n‡eb e‡j nv`xm kix‡d ejv n‡q‡Q| G welqK GKwU nv`xm Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ| Av‡iv A‡bK nv`xm Avgiv
cieZ©x Aa¨vq¸wj‡Z, we‡klZ, lô Aa¨v‡q Av‡jvPbv Kie| GLv‡b G mKj wdiKvi Rvnvbœvgx nIqvi A_© GB bq †h, Giv
39

mK‡jB Kvwdi| eis AvKx`vi †‡Î ivm~jyj­vn � I mvnvexM‡Yi mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg wek¦vm D¢ve‡bi d‡j Zviv AvKx`vMZ
cv‡c wbcwZZ nq Ges GRb¨ Zviv Rvnvbœvgx n‡e| Avi mvaviYfv‡e AvKx`vMZ we`ÔAvZ Kg©MZ we`ÔAv‡Zi w`‡K †U‡b wb‡q
hvq|
GRb¨ wek¦v‡mi †‡Î ivm~jyj­vn � I Zuvi mvnvexMY Kx wek¦vm †cvlY Ki‡Zb Zv Rvbv gywg‡bi AZxe cÖ‡qvRb|
Zuviv hv e‡j‡Qb Zv ejv, Zuviv hv e‡jb wb Zv bv ejv Ges mKj †‡Î ûeû Zuv‡`i AbymiY Kivi Rb¨ Bjgyj AvKx`vi
cVb I cvVb gywg‡bi Ab¨Zg `vwqZ¡|
1. 4. AvKx`v welqK MÖš’vewj
Avgiv Av‡MB D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, KziAvb Kvixg Ges mnxn nv`xmB Bmjvgx wek¦v‡mi GKgvÎ Drm| Bmjvgx wek¦v‡mi mKj
g~j welqB KziAvb Kvix‡g D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| G Qvov ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi nv`x‡mI Zv e¨vL¨vZ n‡q‡Q| BdwZivK ev AvKx`vMZ
wefw³ I `jv`wji Kvi‡Y gymwjg D¤§vni g~j aviv ev Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi BgvgMY KziAvb I mybœvni Av‡jv‡K
Cgv‡bi weï× g~jbxwZ ev Bmjvgx AvKx`v e¨vL¨v K‡i cy¯—K wjL‡Z ïi“ K‡ib| KziAvb-mybœvni wfwˇZ Ges mvnvexM‡Yi gZvgZ
I e¨vL¨vi Av‡jv‡K Bmjvgx wek¦v‡mi wewfbœ w`K e¨vL¨v K‡i wnRix wØZxq kZvãx †_‡K gymwjg D¤§vni BgvgMY cÖPzi eB-cy¯—K
iPbv K‡i‡Qb| wb‡gœ cÖwm× wKQz MÖ‡š’i bvg D‡j­L KiwQ| †jL‡Ki g„Zz¨ Zvwi‡Li wfwˇZ HwZnvwmK µg Abymv‡i eB¸wj D‡j­L
KiwQ, †hb cvVK G¸wji cÖvPxbZ¡ I †gŠwjK‡Z¡i ch©vq eyS‡Z cv‡ib|
1. Avj-wdKûj AvKevi, Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdvn (150 wn)|
2. Avm-mybœvn, Bgvg Avng` Beby nv¤^vj (241 wn)|
3. Avj-Cgvb, gynv¤§v` Beby BqvnBqv Avj-Av`&bx (243 wn)
4. Avm-mybœvn, Ave~ evKi Avng` Beby gynv¤§v` Avj-Avmivg (273wn),
5. Avm-mybœvn, nv¤^vj Beby BmnvK Beby nv¤^vj Avk-kvBevbx (273wn)
6. Avm-mybœvn, Ave~ `vD` myjvBgvb Bebyj AvmÔAvm (275 wn)
7. Avm-mybœvn, Ave~ evKi Avng` Beby Avgi Beby Avex Avwmg Av`-`vn&nvK (287 wn)
8. Avm-mybœvn, Avãyj­vn Beby Avngv` Beby nv¤^vj (290 wn)
9. Avm-mybœvn, gynv¤§v` Beby bvmi Avj-gviIqvhx (294 wn)
10. mvixûm mybœvn, Ave~ RvÕdvi gynv¤§v` Beby Rvixi Zvevix (310 wn)
11. Avm-mybœvn Ave~ evK&i Avng` Beby gynv¤§v` Avj-Lvj­vj (311 wn)
12. Avm-mybœvn, Ave~ evK&i Lvj­vj Avng` Beby gynv¤§v` (311 wn)|
13. AvKx`vZz Avnwjm mybœvn, Ave~ Rvdvi Zvnvex (321 wn)|
14. Avj-BevbvZz Avb Dm~wj` w`qvbvn, Avj-AvkÔAvix (324 wn)|
15. Avm-mybœvn, Avj-Avm&mvj (349 wn)|
16. Avm-mybœvn, myjvBgvb Beby Avng` Zvevivbx (360wn)
17. Avk-kixÔAvn, gynv¤§v` Bebyj ûmvBj Avj-AvRyi&ix (360 wn)
18. Avm-mybœvn, Ave~k kvBL Avãyj­vn Beby gynv¤§v` Beby nvBqvb Avj-Avmcvnvbx (369 wn)
19. Avm-mybœvn, Beby kvnxb Ave~ nvdm Dgvi Beby Avngv` Beby Dmgvb Avj-evM`v`x (385wn)
20. Avi-wimvjvn Avj-KvB‡ivqvwbq¨vn, Ave~ gynv¤§v` Avãyj­vn Beby Avex hvB` Avj-KvB‡ivqv gvwjK-Avm-mvMxi (386wn)
21. Avm-mybœvn, Bgvg Ave~ Avãyj­vn gynv¤§v` Beby BmnvK Beby gvb&`vn Avj-Bmcvnvbx (395 wn)
22. ÔAvj-CgvbÕ, Beby gvb`vn gynv¤§v` Beby BmnvK (395 wn)
23. BÕwZKv` Avnwjm mybœvwZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvn, Aveyj Kvwmg jvjKvC wnevZzj­vn Bebyj nvmvb (418 wn)|
24. AvKx`vZzm mvjvwd Avnwjj nv`xm, BmgvCj Beby Avãyi ivngvb Avm-mve~bx (449 wn),
25. Av`-`yi&ivZz dxgv BqvwRey BÕwZKv`yû, Ave~ gynv¤§v` Avjx Beby Avng` Beby mvC` Be&by nvh&g Avh-hvwnix (456 wn)|
26. Avj-BÕwZKv`, Avng` Beby ûmvBb Avj-evBnvKx (458 wn)|
27. Avj-BKwZmv` wdj BÕwZKv`, Ave~ nvwg` gynv¤§v` Beby gynv¤§v` Avj-Mvhvjx (505 wn)
28. ÔAvj-AvKvB` Avb-bvmvwdq¨vnÕ, Dgi Beby gynv¤§v` Avb-bvmvdx (537wn.)
29. Ôkviûj AvKvB` Avb bvmvwdq¨vnÕ, mvÕ` DÏxb ZvdZvhvbx (791wn.)
30. Ôkviûj AvKx`vn AvZ Zvnvexq¨vnÕ, gynv¤§v` Beby AvjvDÏxb Beby Avexj B¾ nvbvdx (792wn.)
31. wKZveyZ ZvInx`, Avãyi ivngvb Beby Avng` Beby ivRve nv¤^vjx (795 wn)
32. Ôkviûj wdKwnj AvKeviÕ, †gvj­v Avjx Kvix nvbvdx (1014 wn)
AvKx`vi wel‡q hy‡M hy‡M AvwjgMY Av‡iv AMwYZ MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb| G Qvov weåvš— `j-Dc`‡ji wewfbœ weåvwš—Ki
gZev‡`i cÖwZev‡`i mybœvZ-m¤§Z mnxn gZvgZ e¨vL¨v K‡iI BgvgMY AMwYZ eB-cy¯—K iPbv K‡i‡Qb|
40

41
wØZxq Aa¨vq:
ZvInx‡`i Cgvb
2. 1. AviKvbyj Cgvb
GKRb gvbyl‡K gywgb e‡j MY¨ n‡Z wK wK wel‡q wek¦vm ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e Zv KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b D‡j­L Kiv
n‡q‡Q| G Qvov wewfbœ nv`x‡mI Zv e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q| Bmjv‡gi cwifvlvq G¸wj‡K ÔAviKvbyj CgvbÕ ejv nq|
gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹺﺏﺎـﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺔـﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹺﺭ�ﺨَﻵﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺭﹺﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﹺﺏﹺﺭﹾﻐ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻕﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ َل�ﺒ�ﻗ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻫﻭ�ﺠ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﱡﻟ�ﻭﹸﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﺭﹺﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ
ﹶﺓﺎﹶﻠـ�ﺼﻟﺍ �ﻡﺎـﹶﻗَﺃ�ﻭ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﻗ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﻠِﺌﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ�ﻭ ِلﻴﹺﺒ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﺒﺍ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﻜ ﺎ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﻰ�ﻤﺎﹶﺘ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﻰ�ﺒ�ﺭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﻱﹺﻭﹶﺫ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺤ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ َلﺎ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﺘَﺁ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﻴﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ
�ﻙـِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺃ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﻗ�ﺩ�ﺼ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺃ ﹺﺱْﺄ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺤ�ﻭ �ﺀﺍ�ﺭ�ﻀﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎ�ﺴْﺄ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻴﹺﺭﹺﺒﺎ�ﺼﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﻫﺎ�ﻋ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﻬ�ﻌﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﻓﻭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹶﺓﺎﹶﻜ�ﺯﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﺘَﺁ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘ �ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ
Òc~e© Ges cwðg w`‡K †Zvgv‡`i gyL †div‡bvi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv c~Y¨ †bB| wKš‘ cyY¨ Zvi †h wek¦vm ¯’vcb K‡i‡Q
Avj­v‡n, ciKv‡j, gvjvKM‡Y (wdwikZvM‡Y), Mªš’mg~‡n Ges bexM‡Y, Ges ab m¤ú‡`i cÖwZ g‡bi Uvb _vKv m‡Ë¡I AvZ¥xq-
¯^Rb, wcZ…nxb-Abv_, AfveMÖ¯—, cw_K, mvnvh¨cÖv_©bvKvwiMY‡K Ges `vmgyw³i Rb¨ A_© cÖ`vb K‡i, Ges mvjvZ Kv‡qg
K‡i, hvKvZ cÖ`vb K‡i, cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡j Zv c~Y© K‡i Ges A_©-msK‡U, `ytL †K¬‡k I msMÖvg-msK‡U ˆah© aviY K‡i| GivB
cÖK„Z mZ¨civqY Ges GivB gyËvKx|Ó 95
GLv‡b Avj­vn ZvÔAvjv Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h, ïay AvbyôvwbKZvi bvg Bmjvg bq, cÖvYnxb AvbyôvwbKZvq †Kv‡bv c~Y¨ †bB|
Bmjvg wek¦vm I K‡g©i mgš^q| GLv‡b Avj­vn gywg‡bi wek¦v‡mi †gŠwjK cuvPwU welq Ges Zvi †gŠwjK Kg© I Pwi‡Îi eY©bv `vb
K‡i‡Qb| Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﺩـ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻴـ�ﺒ ﹸﻕ�ﺭﹶﻔﹸﻨ ﻻ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒﹸﺘﹸﻜ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤَﺁ ﱞلﹸﻜ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤَﺁ
�ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ
Òivm~j Zuvi cÖwZ Zuvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki c †_‡K hv AeZxY© Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv‡Z Bgvb G‡b‡Qb Ges gywbMYI| Zviv
mK‡jB Avj­v‡n, Zuvi wdwikZvM‡Y, Zuvi MÖš’mg~‡n Ges Zuvi ivm~jM‡Y Bgvb Avbqb K‡i‡Qb| Avgiv Zuvi ivm~jM‡Yi g‡a¨
ZviZg¨ Kwi bv|Ó 96
GLv‡b Cgv‡bi ¯—¤¢¸wji ga¨ †_‡K 4wU welq D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ab¨ Avqv‡Z 5wU wel‡qi D‡j­L K‡i Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﺭﹸﻔﹾﻜ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ ُل�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪِﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ َل�ﺯﹶﻨ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪِﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟ ﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
ﺍ�ﺩﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﻻﻼ�ﻀ ﱠل�ﻀ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹺﺭ�ﺨَﻵﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒﹸﺘﹸﻜ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤ�ﻭ
Ò†n gywgbMY, †Zvgiv Avj­v‡n, Zuvi ivm~‡j, Zuvi ivm~‡ji Dci †h MÖš’ AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Zv‡Z Ges †h MÖš’ wZwb c~‡e© AeZxY©
K‡i‡Qb Zv‡Z Cgvb Avb| Ges †KD Avj­vn, Zuvi wdwikZvMY, Zuvi MÖš’mg~n, Zvui ivm~jMY Ges ciKvj‡K Awek¦vm Ki‡j †m
fxlYfv‡e c_åó n‡q co‡e|Ó 97
Gfv‡e KziAvb Kvix‡gi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Dc‡ii welq¸wj GK‡Î ev c„_Kfv‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| wewfbœ nv`x‡mI Cgv‡bi
i“K&b¸wj D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB cy¯—‡Ki ïi“‡Z Ave~ ûivBiv ewY©Z GKwU nv`x‡m Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Cgv‡bi cwiPq w`‡q
ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb: Ò(Cgvb GB †h,) Zzwg wek¦vm Ki‡e Avj­vnq, Zuvi wdwikZvM‡Y, Zuvi cy¯—Kmg~‡n, Zuvi mvv‡Z, Zuvi
ivm~jM‡Y Ges Zzwg wek¦vm Ki‡e †kl cybi“Ìv‡b Ges Zzwg wek¦vm Ki‡e ZvK`xi ev wba©vi‡Yi mewKQz‡Z|Ó 98
GB NUbviB eY©bv K‡i‡Qb Dgvi Bebyj LvËve (iv) Ab¨ nv`x‡m| wZwb e‡jb, GKw`b Avgiv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wbKU e‡m
wQjvg| GgZve¯’vq GK e¨w³ Z_vq Avm‡jb| Zuvi †cvkvK-cwi”Q` AZ¨š— aea‡e mv`v Ges gv_vi Pzj¸‡jv AZ¨š— cwicvwU I
Kvj| .... wZwb ivm~jyj­vn (�)-†K cÖkœ K‡i e‡jb: ÒCgvb m¤ú‡K© cÖkœ K‡i e‡jb, Cgvb Kx Zv Avgv‡K ejyb| Dˇi ivm~jyj­vn
� e‡jb:
ﻩ�ﺭﹶﺸ�ﻭ �ﻩﹺﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨ ﹺﺭ�ﺩﹶﻘﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅﹸﺘ�ﻭ ﹺﺭ�ﺨﻵﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒﹸﺘﹸﻜ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅﹸﺘ �ﻥَﺃ
ÒCgvb n‡jv GB †h, Zzwg wek¦vm Ki‡e Avj­v‡n, Zuvi wdwikZvM‡Y, Zuvi MÖš’mg~‡n, Zuvi ivm~jM‡Y Ges ciKv‡j, Ges

wek¦vm Ki‡e Avj­vni c~e© wbav©i‡Y (fv‡M¨), Zuvi fvj Ges g‡›`|Ó 99
Gfv‡e wewfbœ AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, Bmjvgx Cgv‡bi ev ÔAvj-AvKx`vn Avj Bmjvwgq¨vnÕ-i
QqwU †gŠwjK ¯—¤¢ i‡q‡Q: (1) Avj­vni Dci Cgvb, (2) Avj­vni gvjvKM‡Yi (wdwikZvM‡Yi) cÖwZ Cgvb (3) Avj­vni MÖš’mg~‡ni
cÖwZ Cgvb, (4) Avj­vni ivm~jM‡Yi Dci Cgvb, (5) cybi“Ìvb, wKqvgZ, ciKvj ev AvwLiv‡Zi Dci Cgvb, Ges (6) ZvK`xi ev
Avj­vni wbav©iY I wm×v‡š—i Dci Cgvb| G welq¸‡jv‡K AviKv‡b Cgvb, A_©vr Cgv‡bi ¯—¤¢mg~n, wfwËmg~n ev g~jbxwZmg~n ejv
nq|
2. 2. Avj­vni cÖwZ Cgvb
Avj­vni cÖwZ Cgv‡bi A_© Avj­vni GK‡Z¡ ev ZvInx‡` wek¦vm Kiv| wewfbœ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn (�) Avj­vni cÖwZ Cgv‡bi
eY©bv w`‡q‡Qb| Avãyj­vn Beby Dgvi (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪـﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ �ﻥَﺃ �ﺓ�ﺩﺎ�ﻬﹶﺸ : ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻲﻓﻭ -�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ �ﻥَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ �ﻥَﺃ �ﺓ�ﺩﺎ�ﻬﹶﺸ ﹴﺱ�ﻤﹶﺨ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﻼ�ﺴِﻹﺍ �ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺒ
�ﺓﻼـ�ﺼﻟﺍ ﹺﻡﺎﹶﻗِﺇ�ﻭ -�ﻪﹶﻨﻭ�ﺩ
ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﺭﹶﻔﹾﻜ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ : ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻲﻓﻭ ،�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺤ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ : ﺔﺜﻟﺎﺜ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻲﻓﻭ ،�ﻪﹸﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ �ﻥَﺃ�ﻭ
ﺞﺤﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻀﻤﺭ ﻡﺎﻴﺼ : ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻲﻓﻭ ،�ﻥﺎ�ﻀ�ﻤ�ﺭ ﹺﻡ�ﻭ�ﺼ�ﻭ �ﺞ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺓﺎﹶﻜ�ﺯﻟﺍ
�ﺀﺎﹶﺘﻴِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒBmjvg‡K cuvPwU wel‡qi Dci cÖwZwôZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, Zv n‡jv: wek¦v‡mi mv¨ †`Iqv †h, Avj­vn Qvov †Kv‡bv gvey` ev
Dcvm¨ †bB Ges gynv¤§` � Avj­vni ev›`v I ivmyj, (Ab¨ eY©bvq: GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`Z Kiv Ges Avj­vn Qvov hv wKQy (Dcvm¨)
Av‡Q mewKQy‡K Awek¦vm Kiv), mvjvZ Kv‡qg Kiv, hvKvZ cÖ`vb Kiv, ivgv`vb gv‡mi wmqvg (†ivhv) cvjb Kiv, evBZzj­vni n¾
Av`vq Kiv|Ó 100
Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb,
42
ﹺﺭﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻤ�ﺭ�ﺤ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹸﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ �ﻥَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ �ﻥَﺃ �ﺩ�ﻬﹾﺸ�ﻴ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ
ÔÔ†h †Kv‡bv e¨w³ hw` mv¨ cÖ`vb K‡i †h, Avj­vn Qvov †Kv‡bv gvey` ev Dcvm¨ †bB Ges gynv¤§v` (�) Zuvi ev›`v I ivm~j,
Z‡e Zuvi Rb¨ Avj­vn Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸b nvivg ev wbwl× K‡i †`‡eb|ÕÕ 101
2. 3. ZvInx‡`i A_© I msÁv
ÕZvInx`Õ kãwU Aviex ÔIqvnv`v (�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﻭ) wµqvg~j †_‡K M„nxZ, hvi A_© ÔGK nIqvÕ, ÔGKK nIqvÕ ev ÔAZzjbxq nIqvÕ
(to be alone, unique, singular, unmatched, without equal, incomparable)| ZvInx` A_© ÔGK KivÕ, ÔGK
evbv‡bvÕ, ÔGKwÎZ KivÕ, ÔGK‡Z¡i †NvlYv †`IqvÕ ev ÔGK‡Z¡ wek¦vm KivÕ| ZvInx‡`i e¨envwiK A‡_©i e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb K‡i
KziAvb Kvix‡g I nv`xm kix‡d AMwYZ wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q, †h¸wj Avgiv G Aa¨v‡q Av‡jvPbv Kie| cÖ_‡gB
Avgiv c~e©eZ©x nv`x‡m Dwj­wLZ ZvInx‡`i cwiwPwZ Av‡jvPbv Kie|
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Dc‡ii nv`xm¸wj‡Z ZvInx‡`i e¨vL¨vq ejv n‡q‡Q: (ﷲﺍ ﻻﺇ ﻪﻟﺇ ﻻ) ÒAvj­vn Qvov †Kv‡bv Bjvn ev
Dcvm¨ †bB|Ó wewfbœ eY©bvq Gi mv‡_ hy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q: ( ﻪـﻟ ﻙﻴﺭﺸ ﻻ ﻩﺩﺤﻭ) ÒwZwb GKK, Zuvi †Kv‡bv kixK †bB|Ó Avgiv
cÖ_‡g G evK¨wUi wewfbœ k‡ãi A_© eySvi †Póv Kie|
Aviex‡Z ( ﻻ)
k‡ãi A_© n‡jv †bB, †gv‡UI †bB ev G‡Kev‡i †bB| GB ev‡K¨ kãwU ( ﺱﻨـﺠﻟﺍ ﻲـﻔﻨ) ev †gv‡UI
†bB ev G‡Kev‡iB †bB A‡_© e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q|
( ﻪـﻟﺇ)
k‡ãi A_© n‡jv Ògvey`Ó, A_©vr Dcvm¨ ev c~R¨, hvi Kv‡Q g‡bi AvKzwZ †ck Kiv nq, cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡bvi Rb¨
mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Kiv nq| 4_© wnRix kZ‡Ki cÖwm× fvlvwea I Awfavb-cÖ‡YZv Aveyj ûmvBb Avng` Beby dvwim (395 wn)
e‡jb:
ﺩﻭﺒﻌﻤ ﻪﻨﻷ ﻙﻟﺫﺒ ﻲﻤﺴﻭ ،ﻰﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﷲﺍ ﻪﻟﻹﺎﻓ . ﺩﺒﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺩﺤﺍﻭ لﺼﺃ ﺀﺎﻬﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻼﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺯﻤﻬﻟﺍ
Ònvghv, jvg I nv=Bjvn: avZzwUi GKwUB g~j A_©, Zv n‡jv Bev`Z Kiv| Avj­vn Bjvn KviY wZwb gvey` ev
Bev`ZK…Z|Ó 102
Aviex fvlvq mKj c~wRZ e¨w³, e¯‘ ev `ªe¨‡KB ÔBjvnÕ ejv nq| GRb¨ m~‡h©i Av‡iK bvg ÔBjvnvnÕ (ﺔﻫﻻﻹﺍ); KviY
†Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv m¤cÖ`vq m~‡h©i Dcvmbv ev c~Rv KiZ| 103 gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻙﹶﺘ�ﻬِﻟَﺁ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﺭﹶﺫ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺴﹾﻔ�ﻴِﻟ �ﻪ�ﻤ�ﻭﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﻰ�ﺴﻭ�ﻤ �ﺭﹶﺫﹶﺘَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻭ�ﻋ�ﺭ�ﻓ ﹺﻡ�ﻭﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ُﻸ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ
ÒwdivDb m¤cÖ`v‡qi cÖavbMY ejj, Avcwb wK g~mv‡K Ges Zvi m¤cÖ`vq‡K iv‡R¨ wech©q m„wó Ki‡Z Ges Avcbv‡K Ges

Avcbvi Dcvm¨‡`i‡K eR©b Ki‡Z w`‡eb?Ó 104
Beby AveŸvm (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, wZwb GLv‡b ÔAvwjnvZvKv ( �ﻙـﹶﺘ�ﻬِﻟﺁ) ¯’‡j ÔBjvnvZvKvÕ ( ﻙـﹶﺘ�ﻫﻻﺇ) co‡Zb|
ÔBjvnvZÕ A_© Bev`Z, A_©vr Avcwb wK Zv‡`i‡K Avcbv‡K Ges Avcbvi Bev`Z Kiv eR©b Ki‡Z w`‡eb?Ó 105
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, (Bjvnvn&) kãwU Aviex‡Z (Bev`vn&) k‡ãi mgv_©K 106 | GB ÔBev`vZÕ ev ÔBev`vnÕ (ﺓﺩﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍ)
k‡ãi A_© Avgiv evsjvq mvaviYfv‡e Dcvmbv ev c~Rv ej‡Z cvwi| Z‡e Bmjv‡gi cwifvlvq ÔBev`vZÕ AZ¨š— e¨vcK
A_©en Ges Gi wewfbœ cÖKvi I ¯—i i‡q‡Q| cieZ©x Aby‡”Q‡` Avgiv G wel‡q wKQz Av‡jvPbv Kie| Avgiv Avgv‡`i
Av‡jvPbvq mvaviYfv‡e Dcvmbv, c~Rv, BZ¨vw` k‡ãi cwie‡Z© ÔBev`vZÕ e¨envi Kie, †hb Avgiv GB Bmjvgx ¸i“Z¡c~b©
kãwUi mKj A_© I e¨envi fvjfv‡e eyS‡Z cvwi|
(ﻻﺇ) k‡ãi A_© t e¨ZxZ, Qvov ev wfbœ|
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cviwQ †h, ( ﷲﺍ ﻻﺇ ﻪـﻟﺇ ﻻ) evK¨wUi A_©: ÒAvj­vn Qvov †Kv‡bv Dcvm¨ †bBÓ|
A_©vr hw`I Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ A‡bK wKQz‡KB Bev`Z, Dcvmbv, c~Rv ev Avivabv Kiv nq, Z‡e mwZ¨Kvifv‡e Bev`Z Kivi
†hvM¨ ev gvey` nIqvi AwaKvi GKgvÎ Avj­vn Qvov Avi Kv‡iviB †bB| Avj­vnB mKj cÖKvi Bev`v‡Zi wZwbB GKgvÎ
AwaKvix| Bmjv‡gi cwifvlvq Bev`vZ ejv nq Ggb me wKQB GKgvÎ Zuvi Rb¨|
wewfbœ nv`x‡m GB ev‡K¨i mv‡_ †hvM Kiv n‡q‡Q: ( ﻪـﻟ ﻙﻴﺭـﺸ ﻻ ﻩﺩـﺤﻭ)| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Aviex‡Z ( �ﺩـ�ﺤ�ﻭ)
wµqvc`wUi A_©: GK nIqv ev AZzjbxq nIqv|
(ﻻ) kãwU †gv‡UI †bB ev wKQzB †bB A_© cÖKvk Ki‡Q|
( ﻙﻴﺭـﺸ) A_© Askx`vi ev mn‡hvMx| kãwU Aviex †_‡K evsjvq cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q Ges ÔAskx`viÕ A‡_© ÔkwiKÕ GLb evsjv fvlvq
AwZ cwiwPZ kã| Aviex‡Z wki&K ( ﻙ�ﺭـ�ﺸ) A_© Askx`vi nIqv (to share, participate, be partner, associate)| BkivK
( ﻙﺍﺭـﺸﺇ) I Zvk&ixK ( ﻙﻴﹺﺭـﹾﺸﹶﺘ) A_© Askx`vi Kiv ev evbv‡bv| mvaviYfv‡e Ôwki&KÕ kãwU‡KI Aviex‡Z ÔAskx`vi KivÕ ev
Ômn‡hvMx evbv‡bvÕ A‡_© e¨envi Kiv nq| 107
(ﻪﻟ) A_© ÔZuviÕ ev ÔZuvi Rb¨Õ|
Gfv‡e †`LwQ †h, ZvInx‡`i †NvlYv ev mv‡¨i GB As‡ki A_©: gnvb Avj­vn GKK I AZzjbxq, Zuvi †Kv‡bv Askx`vi ev
mn‡hvMx †bB|
2. 4. ZvInx‡`i cÖKvi‡f`
AvKx`vi Dr‡mi wePz¨wZi Kvi‡Y, A_©vr KziAvb-nv`x‡mi Mfxi Aa¨qb cwiZ¨vM K‡i, AvwfavwbK A_©, wb‡Ri eyw×-we‡eK,
`k©b BZ¨vw`i Dci wbf©i K‡i ZvInx‡`i e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z †h‡q A‡bK cwÊZ g‡b K‡i‡Qb †h, ÔZvInx`Õ A_© gnvb Avj­vn‡K
GKgvÎ Abvw` mËv ev GKvgÎ mªóv I me©kw³gvb wn‡m‡e wek¦vm Kiv| Zv‡`i G wPš—v KziAvb I nv`x‡mi mv‡_ mvsNwl©K|
KziAv‡bi AMwYZ eY©bv †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, Avi‡ei I Ab¨vb¨ RvwZi KvwdiMY Avj­vni Aw¯—‡Z¡i GK‡Z¡ wek¦vm KiZ
Ges Zuv‡KB GKgvÎ mªóv I me©kw³gvb cÖwZcvjb wn‡m‡e wek¦vm KiZ| GZUzKz‡ZB hw` ZvInx` cwic~Y© nq, Z‡e †Zv Avi
Zv‡`i‡K Kvwdi ejvi ev Zv‡`i †n`vqv‡Zi Rb¨ bex-ivm~jM‡Yi AvMg‡bi cÖ‡qvRb _vKZ bv|
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi AMwYZ weei‡Yi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, ZvInx` ev Avj­vni GK‡Z¡ wek¦v‡mi GKvwaK
ch©vq ev ¯—i i‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb,
43
�ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻤ
ÒZv‡`i AwaKvsk Avj­vn‡Z wek¦vm K‡i, wKš‘ Zuvi mv‡_ kixK K‡i|Ó 108
�ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭﹶﺜﹾﻜَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
G AvqvZ †_‡K ¯úóZB Rvbv hvq †h, Avj­vni cÖwZ Cgv‡bi ch©vq i‡q‡Q, †h Kvi‡Y Cgv‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ wkiK&
GKwÎZ n‡Z cv‡i| G Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq mvnvex Beby AveŸvm (iv) e‡jb,
ﻪـﺒ ﻥﻭﻜﺭﺸﻴ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻊﻤ
ﻡﻫﻭ .... ﻥﻭﻜﺭﺸﻤ ﻡﻫﻭ ﷲﺍ ﺍﻭﻟﺎﻗ لﺎﺒﺠﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺽﺭﻷﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻬﻟ لﻴﻗ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻡﻬﻨﺎﻤﻴﺇ ﻥﻤ
ﻪﻨﻭﺩ ﺩﺍﺩﻨﻸﻟ ﻥﻭﺩﺠﺴﻴﻭ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻭﺩﺒﻌﻴﻭ
ÒZv‡`i Cgvb n‡jv, hw` Zv‡`i ejv nq, AvKvk †K m„wó K‡i‡Q? c„w_ex †K m„wó K‡i‡Q? cvnvo †K m„wó K‡i‡Q?
Zviv e‡j: Avj­vn, A_P Zviv wkiK K‡i ... GiciI Zviv Avj­vni mv‡_ wki&K K‡i, Avj­vn‡K Qvov A‡b¨i Bev`Z K‡i,
Avj­vn e¨Zx‡i‡K Ab¨‡`i mvR`v K‡i|Ó 109
cÖwm× Zvweqx gydvm&wmi gyRvwn` Beby Rvei (104 wn) e‡jb:

44
ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻡﻬﺘﺩﺎﺒﻋ ﻙﺭﺸ ﻊﻤ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﺇ ﺍﺫﻬﻓ ﺎﻨﺘﻴﻤﻴﻭ ﺎﻨﻗﺯﺭﻴﻭ
ﺎﻨﻘﻟﺎﺨ ﷲﺍ ﻡﻬﻟﻭﻗ ﻡﻬﻨﺎﻤﻴﺇ
ÒZv‡`i Cgvb n‡jv Zviv e‡j, (GKgvÎ) Avj­vnB Avgv‡`i m„wóKZ©v, wZwbB Avgv‡`i wihK †`b Ges wZwbB Avgv‡`i
g„Zz¨‡`b| G n‡jv Zv‡`i Cgvb, Gi mv‡_ Zviv Zv‡`i Bev`‡Z MvBi“j­vni Bev`Z K‡i wkiK K‡i|Ó 110
Abyiƒcfv‡e mvC` Beby RyevBi (95wn), Avwgi Beby kvivnxj kvÕex (104 wn), BKwigvn gvIjv Beby AveŸvm (105
wn), AvZv Beby Avex ivevn (115 wn), KvZv`vn Beby w`ÔAvgvn (117 wn), Avãyi ivngvb Beby hvB` Beby Avmjvg (170 wn)
I Ab¨vb¨ Zvweqx I Zvwe-Zvweqx gydvm&wmi evisevi D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, mKj KvwdiB Avj­vn‡K GKgvÎ mªóv, cÖwZcvjK,
wih&K`vZv I me©kw³gvb e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡Zv, wKš‘ Zviv Bev`‡Zi †‡Î Avj­vni mv‡_ Ab¨‡K kixK Ki‡Zv| 111
G fv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, ZvInx‡`i Aš—Z `ywU ch©vq i‡q‡Q Ges KvwdiMY GKwU wek¦vm Ki‡Zv Ges GKwU A¯^xKvi
KiZ| KziAvb Kvix‡gi GRvZxq AMwYZ wb‡`©kbv I mvnvex-ZvweqM‡Yi G mKj Zvdmx‡ii Av‡jv‡K cieZ©x hy‡Mi
AvwjgMY ÔZvInx`Õ-‡K `yfv‡M fvM K‡i‡Qb| †KD †KD `ywU ch©vq‡K Av‡iv we¯—vwiZfv‡e wZbwU ev PviwU ch©v‡q wef³
K‡i‡Qb|
nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei cÖwm× Bgvg Avj­vgv mv`i“Ïxb gynv¤§v` Beby AvjvDÏxb Avjx Beby gynv¤§v` Beby Avwej Bh&h w`gvkKx
(731-792 wn) Zuvi iwPZ Ôkivûj AvKx`vn AvZ-Zvnvweq¨vnÕ cy¯—‡K ZvInx`‡K cÖ_gZ `y ch©v‡q wef³ K‡i‡Qb: (1)
ZvInx`yj BmevZ Iqvj gÕvwidvn (ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺒﺜﻹﺍ ﺩﻴﺤﻭﺘ) ev Ávb ch©v‡qi ZvInx` Ges (2) ZvInx`yZ Zvjvwe Iqvj Kvmw`
( ﺩـﺼﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﺏـﻠﻁﻟﺍ ﺩـﻴﺤﻭﺘ) ev Kg© ch©v‡qi ZvInx`| 112 Ab¨Î wZwb D³ cÖ_g ch©v‡qi ZvInx`‡K `ywU ch©v‡q wef³ K‡i
ZvInx`‡K wZb ch©v‡q wef³ K‡i‡Qb: (1) ZvInx`yj Avmgv Iqvm wmdvZ, (2) ZvInx`yi i“e~weq¨vZ I (3) ZvInx`yj
Bjvwnq¨vn| 113
cÖwm× Avwjg I ms¯‹viK kvn IqvwjDj­vn †`njfx (1176wn) cÖ_g ch©v‡qi ZvInx`‡K wZb ch©v‡q wef³ K‡ib Ges
Gfv‡e wZwb ZvInx`‡K Pvi ch©v‡q wef³ K‡i‡Qb:
(1) Avj­vn‡K GKgvÎ Abvw` Abš— mËv e‡j wek¦vm Kiv
(2) Avj­vn‡K gnvwe‡k¦i GKgvÎ mªóv wn‡m‡e wek¦vm Kiv
(3) Avj­vn‡K gnvwe‡k¦i GKgvÎ cwiPvjK wn‡m‡e wek¦vm Kiv|
(4) Avj­vn‡K GKgvÎ gvÔey` ev Dcvm¨ wn‡m‡e wek¦vm Kiv| 114
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, ZvInx‡`i g~jZ `ywU ch©vq i‡q‡Q Ges cÖ_g ch©vqwUi GKvwaK ch©vq i‡q‡Q| GLv‡b Avgiv
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K ZvInx‡`i cÖKvi‡f` e¨vL¨v Kie|
2. 4. 1. Ávb ch©v‡qi ZvInx`
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, G ch©v‡qi ZvInx`‡K ZvInx`yj BmevZ Iqvj gvÕwidvn ev Ávb ch©v‡qi ZvInx` ejv nq| KL‡bv
ev ( ﻱﺭـﺒﺨﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﺤﻭﺘﻟﺍ) A_©vr ÔÁvb I msev‡`i GKZ¡Õ ejv nq| 115 Ávb ch©v‡qi ZvInx‡`i `yBwU g~j welq i‡q‡Q:
1) m„wó I cÖwZcvj‡bi GKZ¡, I 2) bvg I ¸Yvejxi GKZ¡|
2. 4. 1. 1. m„wó I cÖwZcvj‡bi GKZ¡
Aviex‡Z G‡K ÔZvInx`yi i“e~weq¨vn&Õ (ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺒﺭﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﺤﻭﺘ) ÒcÖwZcvj‡bi GKZ¡Ó ejv nq| 116 Gi A_© we‡k¦i mKj wKQzi
m„wó, cÖwZcvjb, msnvi BZ¨vw`i wel‡q Avj­vni GKZ¡| ZvInx`yi i“e~weq¨vn ev m„wó I cÖwZcvj‡bi GK‡Z¡ wek¦vm Kivi A_©
G K_v wek¦vm Kiv †h, gnvb Avj­vnB G gnvwe‡k¦i GKgvÎ mªóv, cÖwZcvjK, cwiPvjK, msnviK, wiwhK`vZv, cvjbKZ©v,
wbqš¿K I me©gq gZvi AwaKvix|
KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ Avqv‡Z ÔZvInx`yi i“e~weq¨vnÕ ev m„wó I cÖwZcvj‡bi GK‡Z¡i welqwU D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| gnvb
Avj­vn e‡jb:
ÔÔcÖksmv Avj­vni wbwgË whwb RMrmg~‡ni cÖwZcvjK|ÕÕ 117
wZwb Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺭ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ
�ﺏ�ﺭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﺭﺎ�ﺒﹶﺘ �ﺭ�ﻤَﻷﺍ�ﻭ ﹸﻕﹾﻠﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﹶﻟ ﻻَﺃ

ÔÔ†R‡b ivL! m„wó I wb‡`©kbv (cwiPvjbv) GKgvÎ ZuviB, RMrmg~‡ni cÖwZcvjK Avj­vn gwngvgq|ÕÕ 118
wZwb Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb t
ÔÔwbðqB Avj­vnB gnvkw³gq wih&K-`vZv|ÕÕ 119
Ab¨Î wZwb e‡j‡Qb t
45
�ﻥﻴ�ﺘ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺓ�ﻭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﻭﹸﺫ ﹸﻕﺍ�ﺯ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺩﹾﻘﹶﺘ �ﻩ�ﺭ�ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﱠلﹸﻜ ﹶﻕﹶﻠﹶﺨ�ﻭ
ÔÔwZwb mKj wKQy m„wó K‡i‡Qb Ges cÖ‡Z¨K‡K cwiwgZ K‡i‡Qb h_vh_ Abycv‡Z|Ó 120
Gfv‡e KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Avj­vni m„wó I cÖwZcvj‡bi GK‡Z¡i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q|
2. 4. 1. 2. AwaKvsk Kvwdi G ch©v‡qi ZvInx` wek¦vm KiZ
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi weeiY †_‡K Rvbv hvq †h, G chv‡qi ZvInx‡`i wel‡q Kvwdi-gykwiK‡`i g‡a¨ †Zgb †Kv‡bv
AvcwË ev gZ‡f` wQj bv| mvaviYfv‡e KvwdiMY wek¦vm KiZ †h, Avj­vnB G we‡k¦i GKgvÎ mªóv, cÖwZcvjK, wih&K`vZv,
Rxeb`vZv, GKK mve©‡fŠgZ¡ I me©gq gZvi AwaKvix| G wek¦v‡mi wfwˇZ Zviv Avj­vni Bev`Z KiZ| Zviv Avj­vni
Bev`vZ Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ wdwikZvMY, †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv bex-ivm~j, mZ¨ ev KwíZ Avj­vni wcÖq ev›`v, Zuv‡`i gywZ©, ¯§„wZweRwoZ
¯’vb, `ªe¨ ev cv_‡ii Ôfw³Õ KiZ| Ôfw³Õ-i cÖKvk wn‡m‡e Zviv G mKj `ªe¨ ev ¯’v‡b ÔmvR`vÕ KiZ, gvbZ KiZ ev cÖv_©bv
KiZ, †h mKj Kg© Bmjv‡gi cwifvlvq ÔBev`ZÕ e‡j MY¨| Zviv KL‡bvB `vwe KiZ bv †h, G mKj ÔDcvm¨Õ G we‡k¦i
†Kv‡bv wKQy m„wó K‡i‡Q ev cÖwZcvjb K‡i, eis Zviv Avj­vn‡KB GKgvÎ mªóv, ieŸ, cÖwZcvjK, me©kw³gvb I mve©‡fŠg
gZvi gvwjK e‡j wek¦vm KiZ|
KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b welqwU D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| GK ¯’v‡b gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﹶﺕـ�ﻴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺝﹺﺭـﹾﺨ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﺕ�ﻴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻲ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺝﹺﺭﹾﺨ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺭﺎ�ﺼ�ﺒَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﻊ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﻤ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡَﺃ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﻗ�ﺯ�ﺭ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ ْلﹸﻗ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓَﺃ ْلﹸﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﺴﹶﻓ �ﺭ�ﻤَﻷﺍ �ﺭ�ﺒ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻲ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ
ÔÔej, Avmgvb Ges Rwgb †_‡K †K †Zvgv‡`i‡K wih&K `vb K‡ib? †K `„wókw³ I kªeYkw³i gvwjK? †K g„Z †_‡K
RxweZ‡K wbM©Z K‡ib Ges RxweZ †_‡K g„Z‡K wbM©Z K‡ib? wek¦ cwiPvjbv K‡ib †K? Zviv Dˇi ej‡e: Avj­vn| ej: Zvn‡j
†Kb †Zvgiv Avj­vn‡K fq KiQ bv|ÕÕ 121
AZtci Avj­vn ej‡Qb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹶﻓْﺅﹸﺘ ﻰﱠﻨَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻩ�ﺩﻴ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﹶﻕﹾﻠﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ ُﺃ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِلﹸﻗ �ﻩ�ﺩﻴ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﹶﻕﹾﻠﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ ُﺃ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜِﺌﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﹸﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤ ْل�ﻫ
Òej, †Zvgiv hv‡`i‡K Avj­vni mv‡_ kixK evwb‡qQ Zv‡`i †KD wK m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges aŸs‡mi c‡i cybivq m„wó
Ki‡Z cv‡i? GKgvÎ Avj­vnB m„wó K‡ib Ges cybivq m„wó K‡ib| †Zvgiv †Kv_vq hv”Q?Ó 122
Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
�ﺏ�ﺭ�ﻭ ﹺﻊ�ﺒـ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤـ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺭ �ﻥـ�ﻤ ْلﹸﻗ . �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﱠﻜﹶﺫﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓَﺃ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﺴ . �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻤِﻟ ْلﹸﻗ
. �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺭﺎ�ﺠ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺭﻴﹺﺠ�ﻴ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﱢلﹸﻜ ﹸﺕﻭﹸﻜﹶﻠ�ﻤ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻴﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ ْلﹸﻗ . �ﻥﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓَﺃ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﺴ . ﹺﻡﻴ�ﻅ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﺵ�ﺭ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ
. �ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﺤ�ﺴﹸﺘ ﻰﱠﻨَﺄﹶﻓ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﺴ
ÔÔ(Kvwdi‡`i‡K) ej, †Zvgv‡`i hw` Ávb _v‡K Z‡e ej, GB c„w_ex Ges Gi g‡a¨ hviv i‡q‡Q Zviv Kvi? Zviv
ej‡e: Avj­vni| ej, ZeyI wK †Zvgiv wkv MÖnY Ki‡e bv? ej, mß AvKv‡ki ieŸ-cÖwZcvjb I gnvb Avi‡ki ieŸcÖwZcvjK
†K? Zviv ej‡e: Avj­vn| ej, ZeyI wK †Zvgiv mveavb n‡e bv? ej, †Zvgiv hw` Rvb Z‡e ej, mKj wKQzi
mve©‡fŠgZ¡ I KZ©„Z¡ Kvi nv‡Z? whwb Îv‡Yi gZv iv‡Lb, hvi Dci ÎvY `vZv ev ivKZ©v †bB? Zviv ej‡e: Avj­vn| ej,
ZeyI †Zvgiv †Kgb K‡i weåvš— n”Q?Ó 123
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, Kvwdiiv gnvb Avj­vn‡K gnvwe‡k¦i GKgvÎ mªóv, cÖwZcvjK, mKj gZv, ivRZ¡ I
mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i AwaKvix I me©kw³gvb e‡j wek¦vm KiZ| G wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb,
ﹶﻕ�ﺯ�ﺭـﻟﺍ
ﹸﻁ�ﺴ�ﺒ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ . �ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹶﻓْﺅ�ﻴ
ﻰﱠﻨَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﺭ�ﻤﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺱ�ﻤﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﺭﱠﺨ�ﺴ�ﻭ �ﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹶﻕﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﺘﹾﻟَﺄ�ﺴ �ﻥِﺌﹶﻟ�ﻭ
ْلﹸﻗ

�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﺎ�ﻴ�ﺤَﺄﹶﻓ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ َل�ﺯﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﺘﹾﻟَﺄ�ﺴ �ﻥِﺌﹶﻟ�ﻭ . �ﻡﻴ�ﻠ�ﻋ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﱢلﹸﻜﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﺭ�ﺩﹾﻘ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤِﻟ
. �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻘ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭﹶﺜﹾﻜَﺃ ْل�ﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ِلﹸﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﺘ�ﻭ�ﻤ
ÔÔZzwg hw` Zv‡`i‡K cÖkœ Ki, †K AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_ex m„wó K‡i‡Qb Ges P›`ª-myh©‡K wbqwš¿Z K‡i‡Qb? Zviv Aek¨B
ej‡e, Avj­vn| Zvn‡j Zviv †Kv_vq P‡j‡Q? Avj­vn Zuvi ev›`v‡`i g‡a¨ hvi Rb¨ B”Qv Zvi wih&K ewa©Z K‡ib Avi hvi Rb¨
B”Qv Zv mxwgZ K‡ib| wbðq Avj­vn me© wel‡q gnvÁvbx| Avcwb hw` Zv‡`i‡K cÖkœ K‡ib, f~wg g„Z nIqvi ci AvKvk
†_‡K cvwb el©Y K‡i †K Zv‡K mÄxweZ K‡ib? Zviv Aek¨B ej‡e, Avj­vn| Avcwb ejyb, cÖksmv Avj­vniB wbwgË, wKš‘
Zv‡`i AwaKvskB Abyaveb K‡i bv|ÕÕ 124
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
46
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭﹶﺜﹾﻜَﺃ ْل�ﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ِلﹸﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹶﻕﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﺘﹾﻟَﺄ�ﺴ �ﻥِﺌﹶﻟ�ﻭ
ÔÔhw` Zv‡`i‡K cÖkœ Ki, AvKvkgÊjx Ges f~gÊj m„wó K‡i‡Qb? Zviv Aek¨B ej‡e: ÔAvj­vn|Õ Avcwb ejyb, cÖksmv
Avj­vni wbwgË, wKš‘ Zv‡`i AwaKvskB Rv‡b bv|ÕÕ 125
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻡﻴ�ﻠ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺯﻴﹺﺯ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻬﹶﻘﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﻥﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹶﻕﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﺘﹾﻟَﺄ�ﺴ �ﻥِﺌﹶﻟ�ﻭ
ÔÔhw` Zv‡`i‡K wRÁvmv Ki, †K AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_ex m„wó K‡i‡Qb? Zviv Aek¨B ej‡e G¸wj †Zv m„wó K‡i‡Qb
civµgkvjx me©Á Avj­vn|Ó 126
Ab¨Î Bikv` Kiv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹶﻓْﺅ�ﻴ ﻰﱠﻨَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻘﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﺘﹾﻟَﺄ�ﺴ �ﻥِﺌﹶﻟ�ﻭ
Òhw` wRÁvmv Ki, †K Zv‡`i‡K m„wó K‡i‡Q? Zviv Aek¨B ej‡e, ÔAvj­vn|Õ ZeyI Zviv †Kv_vq wd‡i hv‡”Q?Ó 127
Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb t
�ﺭـ�ﻀﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺩﺍ�ﺭَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﻴَﺃ�ﺭﹶﻓَﺃ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹶﻕﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﺘﹾﻟَﺄ�ﺴ �ﻥِﺌ ﹶﻟ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻠﱢﻜ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ُلﱠﻜ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﻴ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻲﹺﺒ�ﺴ�ﺤ ْلﹸﻗ
�ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ ﹸﺕﺎﹶﻜ�ﺴ�ﻤ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻫ ْل�ﻫ �ﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺩﺍ�ﺭَﺃ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻀ ﹸﺕﺎﹶﻔ�ﺸﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻫ
Òhw` Zv‡`i‡K wRÁvmv Ki, AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_ex †K m„wó K‡i‡Qb? Zviv Aek¨B ej‡e, ÔAvj­vn|Õ ej, †Zvgiv
†f‡e †`‡LQ wK, Avj­vn Avgvi Awbó PvB‡j †Zvgiv Avj­vni cwie‡Z© hv‡`i‡K WvK Zviv wK †m Awbó `~i Ki‡Z cvi‡e?
A_ev wZwb Avgvi cÖwZ AbyMÖn Ki‡Z PvB‡j Zviv wK †m AbyMÖn †iva Ki‡Z cvi‡e? ej, ÔAvgvi Rb¨ Avj­vnB h‡_ó|Õ
wbf©iKvwiMY Avj­vni Dc‡iB wbf©i K‡i|Ó 128
G mKj AvqvZ †_‡K Avgiv RvbwQ †h, Kvwdiiv GK ev‡K¨ ¯^xKvi KiZ †h, gnvb Avj­vnB we‡k¦i mKj wKQzi
GKgvÎ mªóv, cwiPvjK, cÖwZcvjK, e„wó`vZv, dmj`vZv, wih&K`vZv, mKj gZvi gvwjK, me©kw³gvb, Zuvi Dc‡i †KD
Avkªq`vZv †bB, gvby‡li mKj kw³ Zuvi wbqš¿‡Y, wZwb Awbó PvB‡j †KD Zv `~i Ki‡Z cv‡i bv Ges wZwb Kj¨vY PvB‡j
†KD Zv †iva Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi we‡ivwaZv Kiv m‡Ë¡I G K_v Zvi AKc‡U ¯^xKvi Ki‡Zv|
cieZ©x Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv †`Le †h, Zviv Gfv‡e gnvb Avj­vni i“e~weq¨v‡Zi GK‡Z¡i my¯úó †NvlYv w`‡jI
A¯úó GKwU aviYv Zv‡`i g‡a¨ wQj †h, Avgv‡`i Dcvm¨MY Avj­vni B”Qvi evB‡i wKQz Ki‡Z mg bv n‡jI, ev Avj­vn
P~ovš— dqmvjv w`‡j Zv cwieZ©‡bi gZv bv ivL‡jI mvaviYfv‡e wKQz A‡jŠwKK wbó-Awb‡ói gZv Zv‡`i Av‡Q, hv
Avj­vnB Zv‡`i w`‡q‡Qb|
2. 4. 1. 3. bvg I ¸bvewji GKZ¡
ÔZvInx`yj Avmgvwq Iqvm wmdvZÕ ( ﺕﺎﻔـﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﻷﺍ ﺩﻴﺤﻭﺘ) ev Ôbvg I ¸bvejxi ZvInx`Õ A_©: `„pfv‡e G wek¦vm
Kiv †h, gnvb Avj­vn mKj c~Y©Zvi ¸‡Y ¸Yvwš^Z| Avj­vn cweÎ KziAv‡b Ges ivm~jyj­vn (�) wewfbœ nv`x‡m Avj­vni wewfbœ
bvg I we‡kl‡Yi D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| G mKj bvg I we‡kl‡Yi Dci `„pfv‡e wek¦vm Ki‡Z n‡e, mKj cÖKvi weK…wZ, Ace¨vL¨v
†_‡K gy³ _vK‡Z n‡e Ges wek¦vm Ki‡Z n‡e ‡h, Avj­vni †Kv‡bv Kg©, ¸Y ev we‡klY †Kv‡bv m„óRx‡ei Kg©, ¸Y ev
we‡kl‡Yi gZ bq, Zzjbxq bq ev mvgÄm¨c~Y© bq|
2. 4. 1. 4. G ch©v‡qi ZvInx‡` Kvwdi‡`i wKQz AvcwË wQj
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© e‡jwQ †h, gnvb Avj­vni mËv I ¸Yvewj MvBex welq| gvbyl hyw³ I eyw× w`‡q Avj­vni Aw¯—‡Z¡i ev¯—
ْل�ﻫ

eZv Abyfe Ki‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ hyw³ ev eyw× w`‡q Zuvi mËv I ¸Yvewji LywUbvwU wel‡q P~ovš— wm×vš— wb‡Z cv‡i bv| cÖvPxb
Kvj †_‡KB gvbyl G wel‡q `k©b, hyw³ I gvbexq cQ›`-AcQ‡›`i Dci wbf©i K‡i weåvwš—i g‡a¨ wbcwZZ n‡q‡Q| wewfbœ
hyw³Z‡K©i wfwˇK †KD e‡j‡Qb, Avj­vni †Kv‡bv ¸Y ev we‡klY _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| †KD e‡j‡Qb, Zuvi AgyK ¸Y _vK‡Z
cv‡i, wKš‘ ZgyK ¸Y _vK‡Z cv‡i bv ev AgyK bv‡g Zuv‡K WvKv hvq bv| KziAvb Kvix‡g Kvwdi‡`i Giƒc wKQz weåvwš—i
D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| g°vi KvwdiMY Avj­vn‡K GKgvÎ mªóv I cÖvwZcvjK wn‡m‡e wek¦vm Ki‡jI Zv‡K ÔivngvbÕ ev Ki“Yvgq
e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡Z ev G bv‡g WvK‡Z A¯^xKvi KiZ| G wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
47
ﺍ�ﺭﻭﹸﻔﹸﻨ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩﺍ�ﺯ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺭ�ﻤْﺄﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤِﻟ �ﺩ�ﺠ�ﺴﹶﻨَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ ﹺﻥ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺠ�ﺴﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ َلﻴ�ﻗ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒhLb Zv‡`i‡K ejv nq ÔmvR&`vebZ nI ivn&gvb-Gi cÖwZÕ, ZLb Zviv e‡j, Ôivngvb Avevi wK? Zzwg KvD‡K mvR`v
Ki‡Z ej‡jB wK Avgiv Zv‡K mvR`v Kie?Õ G‡Z Zv‡`i wegyLZvB e„w× cvq|Ó 129
G weåvwš— †_‡K euvPvi GKgvÎ Dcvq G wel‡q Inxi Dc‡i cwic~Y© wbf©i Kiv| KziAvb Kvix‡g ev mnxn nv`x‡m Avj­vni
wel‡q †h mKj we‡klY ev K‡g©i ¸Y Av‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q †m¸wj‡K †Kv‡bviƒc weK…wZ, e¨vL¨v, Zzjbv ev cwieZ©b QvovB wek¦vm
Kiv|
Avj­vn cweÎ KziAv‡b e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻭ�ﺯ�ﺠ�ﻴ�ﺴ �ﻪِﺌﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴَﺃ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﺤﹾﻠ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹶﺫ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ �ﻩﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﺎﹶﻓ ﻰﹶﻨ�ﺴ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴَﻷﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ�ﻭ
ÔÔGes Avj­vniB wbwgË DËg bvgmg~n, †Zvgiv Zuv‡K †m mKj bv‡gB WvK‡e| hviv Zuvi bvgmg~n weK…Z K‡i ev
bvgmg~‡ni wel‡q eµZv Aej¤^b K‡i Zv‡`i‡K †Zvgiv eR©b Ki‡e| kxNªB Zv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i K…ZK‡g©i dj cÖ`vb Kiv
n‡e|Ó 130
ﻰﹶﻨ�ﺴ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴَﻷﺍ �ﻪﹶﻠﹶﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻴَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﺍ ﹺﻭَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﺍ ِلﹸﻗ
Òej, †Zvgiv ÔAvj­vnÕ bv‡g AvnŸvb Ki ev ÔingvbÕ bv‡g AvnŸvb Ki, †Zvgiv †h bv‡gB AvnŸvb Ki mKj my›`i bvgB †Zv
Zuvi|Ó 131
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn ZvÕAvjv e‡j‡Qb:
ÔÔAvj­vn, wZwb Qvov †Kv‡bv Bjvn †bB, mg¯— DËg bvg ZuviB|Ó 132
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn Bikv` K‡i‡Qb t
ÔÔ†Kv‡bv wKQyB Zuvi mv‡_ Zzjbxq bq, wZwb me©‡kªvZv me©`ªóv|Ó 133
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﻰﹶﻨ�ﺴ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴَﻷﺍ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
�ﺭﻴ�ﺼ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﻊﻴ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ �ﻪ�ﻠﹾﺜ�ﻤﹶﻜ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﻻ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ َلﺎﹶﺜ�ﻤَﻷﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﺒﹺﺭ�ﻀﹶﺘ ﺎﹶﻠﹶﻓ
ÔÔ‡Zvgiv Avj­vni Rb¨ Dcgv ev Zzjbv ¯’vcb Ki‡e bv| wbðq Avj­vn Rv‡bb Avi †Zvgiv Rvb bv|ÕÕ 134
2. 4. 1. 5. bvg I ¸Yvewji ZvInx‡`i wewfbœ wdiKvi weåvwš—
ZvInx`yj Avmgv Iqvm wmdvZ ev gnvb Avj­vni bvg I ¸Yvewji GK‡Z¡i wel‡q wØZxq wnRix kZvãx †_‡K gymwjg
D¤§vni g‡a¨ wewfbœ weåvwš—i D¢e N‡U| G wel‡q GKgvÎ Inxi Dci wbf©i bv K‡i gvbexq cQ›`, hyw³, `k©b BZ¨vw`i
gva¨‡g wewfbœ gZev` cÖPvi Kiv nq| BdwZivK Aa¨v‡q Avgiv G wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kie|
2. 4. 2. Kg© ch©v‡qi GKZ¡ ev Bev`‡Zi GKZ¡
Aviex‡Z G‡K ÔZvInx`yj Djywnq¨vn&Õ ( ﺔـﻴﻫﻭﻟﻷﺍ ﺩﻴﺤﻭﺘ) A_©vr ÔBev`Z ev Dcvmbvi GKZ¡Õ ev ÔAvZ-ZvInx`yj Biv`x
AvZ-ZvjvexÕ (ﻲﺒﻠﻁﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﺍﺭﻹﺍ ﺩﻴﺤﻭﺘﻟﺍ) A_©vr ÔB”Qvaxb wb‡`©wkZ GKZ¡Õ ejv nq| 135
2. 4. 2. 1. Bev`‡Zi cwiPq I msÁv
Bev`Z kãwU AvwfavwbKfv‡e ÔAve`Õ ev Ô`vmÕ kã †_‡K M„nxZ| `vmZ¡ ej‡Z ÔDe~w`q¨vZÕ I ÔBev`ZÕ `ywU kã

e¨eüZ nq| De~w`q¨vZ e¨eüZ nq †jŠwKK ev RvMwZK `vm‡Z¡i †‡Î| Avi ÔBev`ZÕ eySv‡bv nq A‡jŠwKK, ARvMwZK ev
Acvw_©e `vm‡Z¡i †‡Î| mKj hy‡M mKj †`‡ki gvbylB Rxeb, g„Zz¨ BZ¨vw` AwZcwiwPZ k‡ãi gZB ÔBev`ZÕ, Dcvmbv,
worship, veneration BZ¨vw` k‡ãi A_© ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB ey‡S| gvbyl Ab¨ gvby‡li `vm n‡Z cv‡i ev `vmZ¡ Ki‡Z cv‡i,
Z‡e †m Ab¨ †h †Kv‡bv mËvi ÔBev`ZÕ ev Dcvmbv K‡i bv| ïay gvÎ hvi g‡a¨ A‡jŠwKK ev Acvw_©e gZv Av‡Q, B”Qv
Ki‡jB g½j Kivi ev Ag½j Kivi ev Zv †iva Kivi A‡jŠwKK kw³ ev AwZcÖvK…wZK gZv Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm K‡i ZviB
ÔBev`ZÕ K‡i|
cÖwm× fvlvwe` ivwMe B¯úvnvbx ûmvBb Beby gynv¤§v` (502 wn) e‡jb:
( لﺎﻀﻓﻹﺍ)
لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻏ ﻪﻟ ﻥﻤ ﻻﺇ ﺎﻬﻘﺤﺘﺴﻴ ﻻﻭ لﻟﺫﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻏ ﺎﻬﻨﻷ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻎﻠﺒﺃ ﺓﺩﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍﻭ لﻟﺫﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻬﻅﺇ ﺔﻴﺩﻭﺒﻌﻟﺍ
ÒÔDe~w`qvZÕ (slavery, serfdom, bondage) n‡jv webq-fw³ cÖKvk Kiv| Avi ÔBev`ZÕ (worship,
veneration) Gi †P‡qI AwaK Mfxi A_©ÁvcK| KviY Bev`Z n‡jv P~ovš— webq-fw³-AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvk, whwb P~ovš— Kg©-
gZv I `qvi gvwjK wZwb Qvov †KD GB P~ovš— webq-fw³ cvIqvi †hvM¨Zv iv‡L bv|Ó 136
Ab¨vb¨ AvwjgI Abyiƒc msÁv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i fvlvq:
ﺔﻨﺎﻜﺘﺴﻻﺍﻭ
ﺭﺎﻘﺘﻓﻻﺍﻭ لﻟﺫﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻏ ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍ
ÒBev`‡Zi AvwfavwbK A_© n‡jv, P~ovš— webq-fw³, AmnvqZ¡ I gyLv‡cwZ¡|Ó 137
Avj­vgv Beby Kvmxi (774 wn) e‡jb:
ﻑﻭﺨﻟﺍﻭ ﻉﻭﻀﺨﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﺒﺤﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻜ ﻊﻤﺠﻴ ﺎﻤﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻉﺭﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ ... ﺔﻟﺫﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍﻭ
ÒAvwfavwbKfv‡e Bev`Z A_© fw³-webq ev AmnvqZ¡| ... Avi kixq‡Zi cwifvlvq cwic~Y© fvjevmv, fw³, webq I fxwZi
mgwš^Z Ae¯’v‡K Bev`Z ejv nq|Ó 138
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, cwic~Y© fvjevmv I fxwZgq P~ovš— fw³B Bev`Z| Avi P~ovš— webq, AmnvqZ¡ fw³ cÖKvk
K‡i P~ovš— gZv I Ki“Yvi AwaKvixi Rb¨ †h Kg© Kiv nq Zv wewfbœ ch©v‡qi| Zvi Kv‡Q †hgb cÖv_©bv Kiv nq †Zgwb Zvi
cÖksmvI Kiv nq| meB Bev`Z| Avj­vni mš‘wói Rb¨ gvbyl hv wKQz K‡i meB Bev`Z e‡j MY¨| GRb¨ Bev`‡Zi e¨vL¨vq
ejv nq:
ﺔﻨﻁﺎﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻟﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍﻭ لﺍﻭﻗﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺎﻀﺭﻴﻭ ﷲﺍ ﻪﺒﺤﻴ ﺎﻤ لﻜﻟ ﻊﻤﺎﺠ ﻡﺴﺍ
ÒAvj­vn fvjev‡mb Giƒc mKj K_v, evwn¨K Kg© I nvw`©K ev gvbwmK Kg© me wKQzB Bev`‡Zi Aš—f©y³|Ó 139
2. 4. 2. 2. Bev`‡Zi cÖKvi‡f`
Z‡e me Kg© GK ch©v‡qi bq| wKQz Kg© Av‡Q hv mvaviYfv‡e gvbyl ÔBev`ZÕ wn‡m‡eB K‡i| †h mËvi Giƒc
A‡jŠwKK gZv I AvwacZ¨ Av‡Q Zv‡KB Zv cÖ`vb K‡i| mKj mgv‡Ri mKj fvlvi gvbylB G¸wj Rv‡bb| c~Rv, AP©bv,
ewj, Kzievbx, gvbZ, cÖv_©bv BZ¨vw` GB RvZxq Kg©| cvkvcvwk wKQz Kg© Av‡Q hv gvbyl Bev`Z wn‡m‡e K‡i, Avevi
RvMwZKfv‡eI K‡i| †hgb cÖksmv Kiv, fq Kiv, AvbyMZ¨ Kiv BZ¨vw`| G¸wj gvbyl gvbyl wn‡m‡e RvMwZKfv‡e Ab¨
gvby‡li Rb¨ K‡i| Avevi ÔgvÕe~`Õ ev c~wRZ mËvi Rb¨I K‡i|
Bmjv‡gi `„wó‡Z cÖ_g cÖKv‡ii Kg© Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv Rb¨ KivB wkiK| †hgb Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv Rb¨ gvbZ,
ewj, DrmM©, RevB BZ¨vw` Kiv| G¸wj †KD Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv Rb¨ Ki‡j Zv wkiK e‡j MY¨ n‡e| KviY Kv‡iv wfZ‡i
Ck¦iZ¡ (divinity, holiness, sacredness, sanctity) Hk¦wiK gZv, P~ovš— AvwacZ¨, AcÖwZ‡iva¨ gZv, A‡jŠwKK kw³
BZ¨vw` Kíbv bv Ki‡j †KD Zvi Rb¨ Giƒc Kg© K‡i bv| G wel‡q kvn IqvwjDj­vn †`njex (ivn) e‡jb:
،ﹰﺍﺩﻭﺠـﺴ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ ﹰﺎﻤﺎﻴﻗ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻭﻜ لﺜﻤ ،ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻟﺎﺒ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﺇ ﻭﻠﺨﻴ ﻻ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻤ ﻰﺼﻗﺃ لﻟﺫﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻭ . ﻰﺼﻗﻷﺍ لﻟﺫﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺓﺩﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻠﻋﺍ
. ﺎﻤﻬﻟ ﺙﻟﺎﺜ ﻻ ،ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻸﻟ ﺓﺫﻤﻼﺘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﻙﻭﻠﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻋﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻅﻌﺘ ﻙﻟﺫﺒﻭ ،ﻡﻫﻻﻭﻤﻟ ﺩﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻅﻌﺘ لﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﻯﻭﻨ ﻥﺄﺒ ﺔﻴﻨﻟﺎﺒ ﻭﺃ
Ò‡R‡b ivL, Bev`Z n‡jv P~ovš— fw³-webq| †Kvb& fw³-webq P~ovš— Ges †Kvb&wU P~ovš— bq Zv `yfv‡e Rvbv hvq: (1)
fw³-web‡qi cÖKvi †_‡K, †hgb `uvwo‡q fw³ Kiv P~ovš— fw³ bq Z‡e mvR`v Kiv P~ovš— fw³ Ges (2) wbq¨vZ ev D‡Ïk¨
†_‡K, †hgb ev›`v wn‡m‡e Zvi gve~`‡K fw³ Kivi D‡Ï‡k †h fw³ ev webq cÖKvk Kiv nq Zv P~ovš— e‡j MY¨ n‡e Ges
cÖRv wn‡m‡e ivRvi ev QvÎ wn‡m‡e wk‡Ki fw³i wb‡q‡Z hv Kiv nq Zv P~ovš— fw³ bq e‡j MY¨| fw³-webq P~ovš—
ch©v‡qi wK bv Zv Rvbvi Z…Zxq †Kv‡bv c_ †bB|Ó 140
2. 4. 2. 3. ZvInx`yj Bev`v‡Zi A_©
ZvInx`yj Bev`v‡Zi A_© mKj cÖKvi Bev`vZ, †hgb cÖv_©bv, mvR`v, RevB, DrmM©, gvbZ, ZvIqv°zj-wbf©iZv
48

BZ¨vw`- GKgvÎ Avj­vni cÖvc¨ e‡j wek¦vm Kiv|
†KD hw` Avj­vni Bev`vZ K‡ib Ges mv‡_ mv‡_ Ab¨ Kv‡iv Bev`vZ K‡ib Zvn‡j wZwb Avj­vni Bev`vZKvix e‡j
MY¨ n‡eb bv, KviY wZwb Bev`v‡Z Avj­vni mv‡_ KvD‡K kixK ev Askx`vi K‡i‡Qb Ges wki‡K wjß n‡q‡Qb| Avj­vni
Bev`v‡Zi A_© weï×fv‡e, GKwbôfv‡e, wb®‹jylfv‡e ev wki‡Ki KjylZv †_‡K gy³fv‡e Avj­vni Bev`Z Kiv| A_©vr GKgvÎ
Avj­vni Bev`vZ Kiv Ges †Kv‡bv cÖKvi Bev`vZ Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv Rb¨ bv Kiv| KziAvb Kvix‡g AmsL¨ ¯’v‡b
Avj­vn wb‡`©k `vb K‡i‡Qb weï×fv‡e Bev`vZ Ki‡Z Ges Avj­vni mv‡_ KvD‡K kixK bv Ki‡Z| G n‡jv (jv Bjvnv
Bj­vj­vn)-i A_© I wb‡`©k| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
49
�ﻥﻴ�ﺩﻟﺍ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥﻴ�ﺼ�ﻠﹾﺨ�ﻤ �ﻩﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﺎﹶﻓ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ �ﻲ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ
ÔÔwZwb wPiÄxe, wZwb e¨ZxZ †Kv‡bv Bjvn (Dcvm¨ ev gvey`) †bB, myZivs mvwe©K AvbyMZ¨ I GKwbôvi mv‡_ weï×fv‡e
Zuv‡KB WvK|ÕÕ 141
�ﺔ�ﻤ�ﻴﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺩ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ�ﻭ ﹶﺓﺎﹶﻜ�ﺯﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﺘْﺅ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﹶﺓﻼ�ﺼﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻤﻴ�ﻘ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﻔﹶﻨ�ﺤ �ﻥﻴ�ﺩﻟﺍ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥﻴ�ﺼ�ﻠﹾﺨ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴِﻟ ﻻِﺇ ﺍﻭ�ﺭ�ﻤُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÔÔZv‡`i‡K †Zv †KejgvÎ G wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q †h, Zviv weï× wP‡Ë GKwbôfv‡e Avj­vni Bev`vZ Ki‡e Ges
mvjvZ Kv‡qg Ki‡e Ges hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡e, Avi GUvB mwVK ag©|Ó 142
gnvb Avj­vn Ab¨Î e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻠ�ﻌﹶﻟ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻘﹶﻠﹶﺨ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋﺍ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
Ò†n gvbe RvwZ, †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i †mB cÖwZcvj‡Ki Bev`Z Ki whwb †Zvgv‡`i I †Zvgv‡`i c~e©eZ©x‡`i m„wó
K‡i‡Qb, hv‡Z †Zvgiv gyËvKx n‡Z cvi|Ó 143
Ab¨Î Avj­vn GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`vZ Kivi Ges wkiK †_‡K weiZ _vKvi wb‡`©k w`‡q e‡j‡Qb:
ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸﹸﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋﺍ�ﻭ
ÔÔGes †Zvgiv Avj­vni Bev`vZ Ki Ges Zuvi mv‡_ †Kv‡bv wKQy‡K kixK evwbI bv|ÕÕ 144
gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb,
ﻻ ﻰﹶﻘﹾﺜ�ﻭـﹾﻟﺍ �ﺓ�ﻭ�ﺭ�ﻌﹾﻟﺎـﹺﺒ �ﻙ�ﺴ�ﻤﹶﺘ �ﺴﺍ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﺕﻭﹸﻏﺎﱠﻁﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﺭﹸﻔﹾﻜ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﻲﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺩﹾﺸ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒﹶﺘ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﹺﻥﻴ�ﺩﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻩﺍ�ﺭﹾﻜِﺇ ﻻ
�ﻡﻴ�ﻠ�ﻋ �ﻊﻴ�ﻤ�ﺴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻡﺎ�ﺼ�ﻔﹾﻨﺍ
Ò`xb m¤ú‡K© †Kv‡bv Rei`w¯— †bB| mZ¨ c_ åvš— c_ †_‡K my¯úó n‡q‡Q| †h ZvM~Z‡K A¯^xKvi (Awek¦vm) Ki‡e Ges
Avj­vn‡K wek¦vm Ki‡e †m Ggb GK gheyZ nvZj ai‡e hv KL‡bv fv½‡e bv| Avj­vn me©‡kªvZv cÖÁvgq|Ó 145
Ab¨Î ejv n‡q‡Q:
ﹶﺕﻭﹸﻏﺎﱠﻁﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺒ�ﻨﹶﺘ�ﺠﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋﺍ ﹺﻥَﺃ ﻻﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﺔ�ﻤُﺃ ﱢلﹸﻜ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﺜ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ�ﻭ
ÒAvj­vni Bev`Z Kivi Ges ZvM~Z‡K eR©b Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡q Avwg cÖ‡Z¨K RvwZi g‡a¨ ivm~j †cÖiY K‡iwQ|Ó 146
GLv‡b Zv¸Z‡K eR©b Kiv ej‡Z Zv¸‡Zi Bev`Z eR©b Kiv eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| G wel‡q Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﺭﱢﺸ�ﺒﹶﻓ ﻯ�ﺭﹾﺸ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﺍﻭ�ﺒﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻫﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﹶﺕﻭﹸﻏﺎﱠﻁﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺒﹶﻨﹶﺘ�ﺠﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
Òhviv ZvM~‡Zi Bev`Z eR©b K‡i Ges Avj­vn AwfgyLx nq, Zv‡`i Rb¨ i‡q‡Q mymsev`| AZGe mymsev` `vI Avgvi
ev›`v‡`i‡K|Ó 147
ZvM~Z kãwU Aviex ÔZzMBqvbÕ kã †_‡K MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q, hvi A_© mxgv j•Nb Kiv| Aeva¨Zv, Ryjyg ev Ab¨v‡qi
†‡Î mxgv j•NbKvix‡K ÔZvMxÕ (ﻲﻏﺎﻁﻟﺍ) ev mxgvj•NbKvix ejv nq| AZ¨waK mxgj•NbKvix‡K ÔZvwMqvnÕ ( ﺔـﻴﻏﺎﻁﻟﺍ) ejv
nq| KwVbZg mxgvj•NYKvix ev gnv-Aeva¨‡K ÔZvM~ZÕ ( ﺕﻭﻏﺎـﻁﻟﺍ) ejv nq| Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, AvwfavwbKfv‡e
ÔZvM~ZÕ A_© gnv-mxgvj•NbKvix| 148
AvwfavwbKfv‡e mKj mxgv-j•NbKvix‡K ZvM~Z ejv hvq| Z‡e KziAv‡bi cwifvlvq ÔZvM~ZÕ A_© kqZvb| GQvov

Avj­vn‡K Qvov hv wKQzi Bev`Z, c~Rv ev Dcvmbv Kiv nq Zv‡K ÔZvM~ZÕ ejv nq| 149
Gfv‡e cweÎ KziAv‡b AmsL¨ ¯’v‡b †NvlYv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q †h, Avj­vn Qvov †Kv‡bv Dcvm¨ †bB, GKgvÎ ZuviB Dcvmbv
Bev`vZ Ki‡Z Ges Ab¨ †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev e¯‘i Bev`Z-Dcvmbv me©‡Zvfv‡e eR©b Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| Avi G n‡jv
ZvInx`yj Ejynxq¨vn& A_©vr Bev`v‡Zi GKZ¡ ev Kg© ch©v‡qi ZvInx`|
2. 4. 3. Dfq ch©v‡qi ZvInx` Awe‡”Q`¨
ZvInx‡`i G `ywU ch©vq G‡K Ac‡ii m¤ú~iK I ci¯ú‡i Awew”Qbœfv‡e RwoZ| GK ch©vq †_‡K Ab¨ ch©vq‡K c„_K
Kiv hvq bv ev GKwU‡K ev` w`‡q Ab¨wUi Dci Cgvb G‡b gymwjg nIqv hvq bv| Z‡e GLv‡b cÖwYavY‡hvM¨ †h kvnv`vZvBb
ev Cgv‡bi †Nvlbvq Ôjv Bjvnv Bj­vj­vnÕ e‡j †kl ch©vq ev ÔÔZvInx`yj Djywnq¨vn&ÕÕ-i †NvlYv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| Cgv‡bi †NvlYvq
cÖ_g ch©v‡qi ZvInx‡`i mv¨ †`Iqvi wb‡`©k †`Iqv nq wb| Kvwjgv‡q ZvInx‡` Òjv LvwjKv Bj­vj­vn: Avj­vn Qvov †Kv‡bv
mªóv †bBÓ, Òjv ivwhKv Bj­vj­vn: Avj­vn Qvov †Kv‡bv wih&K`vZv †bBÓ, Òjv gvwjKv Bj­vj­vn: Avj­vn Qvov †Kv‡bv ev`kvn ev
gvwjK †bBÓ, Òjv iveŸv Bj­vj­vn: Avj­vn Qvov †Kv‡bv iveŸ ev cÖwZcvjK †bBÓ, ev Abyiƒc evK¨ ejv nq wb| eis ÔAvj­vn Qvov
†Kv‡bv Bjvn ev gvey` †bB e‡j mv¨ cÖ`v‡bi wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|
Gi wØwea KviY i‡q‡Q: (1) ZvInx`yj Bev`vZ ZvInx`yi i“e~weq¨v‡Zi dmj I `vwe Ges (2) ZvInx`yj Bev`v‡ZB
Kvwdi‡`i we‡ivwaZv I A¯^xK…wZ|
2. 4. 4. ZvInx`yi i“e~weq¨vni `vwe ZvInx`yj Bev`vZ
cÖ_g KviY n‡jv wØZxq ch©v‡qi ZvInx`, A_©vr Bev`‡Zi ZvInx` (ZvInx`yj Dj~wnq¨v) cÖ_g ch©v‡qi ZvInx` ev Áv‡bi
ZvInx‡`i dmj I djvdj| †h‡nZz Avj­vn GKgvÎ mªóv, cÖwZcvjK, Rxeb`vZv, g„Zz¨`vZv, wih&K`vZv I me©kw³gvb Kv‡RB GKgvÎ
ZuviB Bev`vZ Dcmbv Kiv `iKvi| †h‡nZz mKj gZvB Zuvi †m‡nZz Zuv‡K Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K Dcmbv Kiv wbZvš‘B A_©nxb I
RNb¨ Ab¨vq| GRb¨ cweÎ KziAv‡b Avj­vn ZvAvjv evievi Avj­vni m„wó I cÖwZcvj‡bi GK‡Z¡i (ZvInx`yi i“e~weq¨vn&i) K_v
D‡j­L K‡i GKgvÎ ZuviB Bev`v‡Zi AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q‡Qb|
e¯‘Z, ÔBjvnÕ (Dcvm¨) Ges ÔiveŸÕ (cÖwZcvjK)-Gi g‡a¨ A_©MZ cv_©K¨ mn‡RB Aby‡gq| ZvInx` cš’x gywgb Avj­vn Qvov
Ab¨ KvD‡K Kv‡iv ÔBjvnÕ ej‡Z cv‡ib bv; KviY gnvb Avj­vn Qvov †KD †Kv‡bvfv‡e †Kv‡bv gywg‡bi ÔBjvnÕ ev Dcvm¨ n‡Z cv‡i
bv| cvš—‡i gywgb Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K Kv‡iv cvjbKZ©v ev gvwjK wn‡m‡e ÔiveŸÕ ej‡Z cv‡i| cÖwm× fvlvwe` BmgvCj Beby
nv¤§v` RvInvix (395 wn) e‡jb:
ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻲﻓ لﺎﻘﻴ ﻻﻭ ،ﱠل�ﺠﻭ �ﺯ�ﻋ ﷲﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻡﺴﺍ : �ﺏﺭﻟﺍﻭ . �ﻪﹸﻜﻟﺎﻤ : �ﺀﻲﺸ ﱢلﻜ �ﺏ�ﺭ
ÒiveŸ A_© gvwjK ev ¯^Z¡vwaKvix, †h †Kv‡bv wKQzi iveŸ A_© Zvi gvwjK ev ¯^Z¡vvwaKvix| ÔAvi-iveŸÕ gnvb Avj­vni
GKwU bvg| gnvb Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv †‡Î G bvgwU e¨envi Kiv hvq ïay m¤ú‡K©i mv‡_ (Agy‡Ki iveŸ)|Ó 150
BDmyd (Av)-Gi Kvivev‡mi NUbvq Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺭﹾﻜ�ﺫ �ﻥﺎﹶﻁ�ﻴﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻩﺎ�ﺴﹾﻨ َﺄﹶﻓ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺭﹸﻜﹾﺫﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﹴﺝﺎﹶﻨ �ﻪﱠﻨَﺃ �ﻥﹶﻅ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻠِﻟ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ
ÒDf‡qi g‡a¨ †h gyw³ cv‡e e‡j BDmyd aviYv K‡iwQj Zv‡K †m ejj, †Zvgvi i‡eŸi (cÖfyi) wbKU Avgvi K_v
e‡jv; wKš‘ kqZvb Zv‡K Zvi Zvi i‡eŸi (cÖfyi) wbKU Zvi welq ejvi K_v fywj‡q †`q|Ó 151
GLv‡b iveŸyKv I iveŸyû ej‡Z ev`kvn‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
Avi‡ei KvwdiMY Ges Ab¨vb¨ Kvwdi-gykwiKMY gnvb Avj­vn‡K gnvwe‡k¦i GKgvÎ cÖwZcvjK I mve©‡fŠg
me©kw³gvb gvwjK ev ÔiveŸÕ e‡j gvbZ, A_P Zuv‡K GKgvÎ ÔBjvnÕ wn‡m‡e gvbZ bv| welqwU wQj GKvš—B A‡hŠw³K I
gvbexq Áv‡bi mv‡_ mvsNwlsK| KviY whwb GKgvÎ cÖwZcvjK Zv‡K ev` w`‡q Ab¨ Kv‡iv wbKU ÔP~ovš— fq I Avkv-mn
P~ovš— fw³, webq I AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvk Ki‡Z hve †Kb?
Gfv‡e Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, Bjvn Ges iveŸ-Gi g‡a¨ A_©MZ cv_©K¨ _vK‡jI, e¨env‡i `ywU kã GKB mËvi †‡Î
e¨eüZ nIqv DwPr| whwbB iveŸ wZwbB Bjvn n‡eb| Avi whwb iveŸ bb Zvi Bjvn nIqvi †hvM¨Zv _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| GRb¨
A‡bK mgq Bjvn A‡_© iveŸ I iveŸ A‡_© Bjvn e¨envi Kiv nq|
G Kvi‡Y KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi Kvwdi‡`i Kg© I wek¦v‡mi G A‡hŠw³KZv Zz‡j a‡i evisevi gnvb Avj­vni
i“e~weq¨v‡Zi K_v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zuv‡K evisevi iveŸ wn‡m‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges ejv n‡q‡Q †h, †h‡nZz wZwbB
GKgvÎ iveŸ e‡j †ZvgivI ¯^xKvi KiQ, Z‡e †Kb Zv‡K Qvov A‡b¨i Bev`Z KiQ?
Avgiv BwZc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, Avj­vn ZvÕAvjv KziAvb Kvix‡gi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb ÔZvInx`yi
iƒeyweq¨vnÕ m¤ú‡K© Kvwdi‡`i‡K cÖkœ Ki‡Z| G mKj cÖ‡kœi D‡Ïk¨ Áv‡bi ZvInx` †_‡K K‡g©i ZvInx‡`i `vIqvZ
†`Iqv| †h‡nZz †ZvgivB ¯^xKvi KiQ †h, Avj­vnB GKgvÎ m&ªóv, cÖwZcvjK I me©kw³gvb, †m‡nZz Zv‡K Qvov Avi KviI
Dcvmbv Kiv, cÖv_©bv Kiv, mvnvh¨ PvIqv, RevB, gvbZ ev DrmM© Kiv my¯úó weåvwš— Qvov wKQyB bq| Gfv‡e Kvwdi‡`i‡K
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Zv‡`i wki&‡Ki AmviZv my¯úófv‡e eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q Ges cÖK…Zc‡ Zviv Zv‡`i K‡g©i AmviZv ¯^xKvi K‡i wb‡q‡Q|
G QvovI KziAvb Kix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Avj­vni m„wó I cÖwZcvj‡bi GK‡Z¡i K_v D‡j­L K‡i GKgvÎ ZviB Bev`Z
Kivi wb‡`©k †`Iq n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b `ywU D`vniY D‡j­L KiwQ| Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺀﺎ�ﻤـ�ﺴﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﺎـﹰﺸﺍ�ﺭ�ﻓ �ﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ َل�ﻌ�ﺠ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ . �ﻥﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻠ�ﻌﹶﻟ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻘﹶﻠﹶﺨ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋﺍ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
. �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺩﺍ�ﺩﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ﺎﹰﻗ�ﺯﹺﺭ �ﺕﺍ�ﺭ�ﻤﱠﺜﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﺝ�ﺭﹾﺨَﺄ ﹶﻓ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﻨﹺﺒ
Ò†n gvbe RvwZ, †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i †mB cÖwZcvj‡Ki Bev`Z Ki whwb †Zvgv‡`i I †Zvgv‡`i c~e©eZ©x‡`i m„wó
K‡i‡Qb, hv‡Z †Zvgiv gyËvKx n‡Z cvi| whwb cyw_ex‡K †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ weQvbv Ges AvKvk‡K Qv` K‡i w`‡q‡Qb Ges AvKvk
n‡Z cvwb el©Y K‡i Zv w`‡q †Zvgv‡`i RxweKv wnmv‡e wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii dj dmj Drcv`b K‡i‡Qb| AZGe †Zvgiv
†R‡bï‡b KvD‡K Avj­vni mgK evbv‡e bv|Ó 152
Ab¨Î ejv n‡q‡Q:
َلـ�ﻴﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡـﹸﻜﹶﻟ َل�ﻌ�ﺠ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ . �ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﺨﺍ�ﺩ �ﻡﱠﻨ�ﻬ�ﺠ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠﹸﺨ�ﺩ�ﻴ�ﺴ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹺﺒﹾﻜﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
�ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﺏﹺﺠﹶﺘ�ﺴَﺃ ﻲ�ﻨﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ
ﻻ �ﺀ�ﻲـﹶﺸ ﱢلﹸﻜ ﹸﻕِﻟﺎﹶﺨ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜِﻟﹶﺫ
. �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹸﻜﹾﺸ�ﻴ ﻻ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺭﹶﺜﹾﻜَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ٍل�ﻀﹶﻓ ﻭﹸﺫﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﺼ�ﺒ�ﻤ �ﺭﺎ�ﻬﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﹸﻜ�ﺴﹶﺘِﻟ
�ﺀﺎـﹶﻨﹺﺒ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤـ�ﺴﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﺍ�ﺭـﹶﻗ �ﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ �ﻡـﹸﻜﹶﻟ َل�ﻌ�ﺠ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ . �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﺠ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺕﺎ�ﻴَﺂﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻙﹶﻓْﺅ�ﻴ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻜ . �ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹶﻓْﺅﹸﺘ ﻰﱠﻨَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ
�ﻩﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﺎـﹶﻓ �ﻭـ�ﻫ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪـﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ �ﻲ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ . �ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﺭﺎ�ﺒﹶﺘﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜِﻟﹶﺫ �ﺕﺎ�ﺒ�ﻴﱠﻁﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻗ�ﺯ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺭ�ﻭ�ﺼ �ﻥ�ﺴ�ﺤَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺭ�ﻭ�ﺼ�ﻭ
ﻲـ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥـ�ﻤ ﹸﺕﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩ ﹶﺘ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋَﺃ �ﻥَﺃ ﹸﺕﻴﹺﻬﹸﻨ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ ْلﹸﻗ . �ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺭ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺩﻟﺍ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥﻴ�ﺼ�ﻠﹾﺨ�ﻤ
. �ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺭِﻟ �ﻡ�ﻠ�ﺴُﺃ �ﻥَﺃ ﹸﺕ�ﺭ�ﻤُﺃ�ﻭ
†Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK e‡jb, †Zvgiv Avgv‡K WvK, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Wv‡K mvov w`e| hviv An¼v‡i Avgvi Bev`‡Z wegyL nq
Zviv Aek¨B jvwÃZ n‡q Rvnvbœv‡g cÖ‡ek Ki‡e| Avj­vnB †Zvgv‡`i wekªv‡gi Rb¨ ivZ m„wó K‡i‡Qb Ges w`b‡K Av‡jvK¾¡j
K‡i‡Qb| wbðq Avj­vn gvbyl‡`i cÖwZ AbyMÖnkxj, wKš‘ AwaKvsk gvbyl K…ZÁZv cÖKvk K‡i bv| GB †Zv Avj­vn, †Zvgv‡`i
cÖwZcvjK, me wKQyi mªóv, wZwb e¨ZxZ †Kv‡bv Bjvn (gvey` ev Dcvm¨) †bB| Zvn‡j †Zvgiv wKfv‡e wec‡_ hv”Q? GBfv‡eB
wec_Mvgx nq Zviv hviv Avj­vni wb`k©bvewj‡K A¯^xKvi K‡i| Avj­vnB †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ c„w_ex‡K e‡mvc‡hvMx K‡i‡Qb Ges
AvKvk‡K K‡i‡Qb Qv`| wZwb †Zvgv‡`i AvK…wZ MVb K‡i‡Qb Ges †Zvgv‡`i‡K DËg AvK…wZ `vb K‡i‡Qb Ges wZwb
†Zvgv‡`i‡K `vb K‡i‡Qb DrK…ó wihK| GB †Zv Avj­vn, †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK| RMrmg~‡ni cÖwZcvjK Avj­vn, KZ gnvb wZwb!
wZwb wPiÁxi, wZwb e¨ZxZ †Kv‡bv Bjvn ev Dcvm¨ †bB, myZivs †Zvgiv ZviB AvbyM‡Z¨ GKwbô n‡q Zv‡KB WvK| RMrmgy‡ni
cÖwZcvjK Avj­vni wbwgË mKj cÖksmv| ej, Avgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU †_‡K Avgvi Kv‡Q my®úó wb`©kb Avmvi ci Avj­vn
e¨ZxZ hv‡`i‡K †Zvgi WvK Zv‡`i Bev`Z Ki‡Z Avgv‡K wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Avgv‡K RMrmg~‡ni cÖwZcvj‡Ki Kv‡Q
AvZœmgc©Y Ki‡Z Av‡`k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|Ó 153
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ÔWvKvÕ ev cÖv_©bv KivB Bev`‡Zi g~j| GLv‡b gnvb Avj­vn cÖ_‡g Avj­vn‡K WvK‡Z ev Zuvi Kv‡QB
cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| Gici ÔAn¼viekZÕ hviv Avj­vni Bev`Z K‡i bv, A_©vr Avj­v‡K †Q‡o Ab¨ KvD‡K Wv‡K
Zv‡`i cwiYwZ D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| Gici Avj­vni iƒeyweq¨v‡Zi ZvInx‡`i wewfbœ w`K D‡j­L K‡i Zv‡`i‡K Bev`‡Zi
ZvInx‡`i w`‡K AvnŸvb K‡i‡Qb|
Gfv‡e Avgiv ‡`LwQ †h, Kg© ch©v‡qi ev Bev`‡Zi ZvInx` Ávb chv©‡qi ZvInx‡`i ¯^vfvweK cÖKvk I djvdj| whwb
GKgvÎ mªóv I cÖwZcvjK GKgvÎ ZvuiB Bev`Z Dcvmbv Kiv DwPr| Avi Zvu‡K Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K hw` Dcvmbv Kiv nq
Zvn‡j Zvu‡K GKgvÎ mªóv, cÖwZcvjK, me wKQzi gvwjK ev me©kw³gvb e‡j wek¦vm Kiv A_©nxb n‡q hvq| GRb¨B Bmjvgx
wek¦v‡mi †‡Î we‡klfv‡e Kg© chv©‡qi ev Bev`‡Zi ZvInx‡`i Dci ¸i“Z¡ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﺯ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬ �ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹲﻑ�ﻭﹶﺨ ﻼﹶﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﻤﺎﹶﻘﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
Òhviv e‡j, ÔAvgv‡`i iveŸ (cÖwZcvjK) †Zv Avj­vnÕ Ges G‡Z AwePwjZ _v‡K Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv fq †bB Ges Zviv
`ytwLZI n‡e bv|Ó 154
KvwdiMY ¯^xKvi I wek¦vm KiZ Ges ejZ †h ÔiveŸybvj­vnÕ ev ÔAvgv‡`i ieŸ †Zv Avj­vnÕ| Zviv gnvb Avj­vn‡K ÔAvj­vnÕ
I ÔAvj­vû¤§vÕ Ges ÔiveŸvbvÕ ev ÔiveŸxÕ e‡jB WvKZ| Z‡e Zv‡`i G WvK I wek¦vm wQj A_©nxb| KviY Avj­vn‡K iveŸ wn‡m‡e
wek¦vm Kivi ci Avevi Ab¨ Kv‡iv Bev`Z Kivi A_© ÔiveŸybvj­vnÕ wek¦v‡m AwePwjZ bv †_‡K Zv †_‡K wePz¨Z nIqv| Kvwdi‡`i
G wePz¨wZi w`‡K evisevi Bw½Z K‡i KziAvb Kvix‡g me©`v Avj­vni i“e~weq¨v‡Zi K_v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q|
2. 4. 5. ZvInx`yj Bev`v‡ZB Kvwdi‡`i AvcwË
Bev`‡Zi ZvInx‡`i Dci ¸i“Z¡ †`qvi wØZxq KviY n‡jv, G chv©‡qi ZvInx‡`B wek¦vmx I Awek¦vmxi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨
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wbav©wiZ nq| hy‡M hy‡M Cgvb I Kzd&‡ii g‡a¨ g~jZ G e¨vcv‡iB we‡iva| cÖ_g chv©‡qi ZvInx` ev Avj­vni m„wó Ges
cÖwZcvj‡bi GK‡Z¡ AwaKvsk gvbylB wek¦vm K‡ib| GB we‡k¦i GKvwaK mªóv Av‡Qb A_ev GB we‡k¦i †Kv‡bv mªóv †bB- G
ai‡Yi wek¦vm LyeB Kg gvby‡lB K‡i‡Q ev K‡i| mKj hy‡M mKj †`‡ki cÖvq me gvbylB g~jZ wek¦vm K‡i‡Qb Ges K‡ib
†h, GB we‡k¦i GKRbB mªóv I cÖwZcvjK i‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ Zviv Dcvmbv ev Bev`‡Zi †‡Î Zvui mv‡_ wdwikZv, bexMY,
†bKKviMY, wRbœMY, Ab¨vb¨ †`e‡`ex, cv_i, MvQcvjv, gvbyl, gvby‡li gywZ©, ¯§„wZweRwoZ ¯’vb, `ªe¨ ev ¯§„wZwP‡ýi c~Rv,
Dcvmbv ev Ôfw³Õ K‡i‡Qb| Avgiv †h †Kv‡bv wki‡K wjß Agymwjg mgv‡Ri w`‡K ZvKv‡jB welqwU Lye mn‡R Dcjwä
Ki‡Z cvwi| wewfbœ hy‡Mi I RvwZi agx©q wek¦vm wb‡q hviv M‡elYv K‡i‡Qb Zuviv mevB G welqwU j¨ K‡i‡Qb| 155
KziAvb I nv`x‡m G wel‡q wek`fv‡e ejv n‡q†Q| cweÎ KziAv‡b Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, hy‡M hy‡M Avj­vn †h mKj
bex I ivmyj †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb Zvu‡`i D¤§‡Ziv KLbB e‡j wb †h, Avj­vn Qvov GB we‡k¦i †Kv‡bv mªóv ev cvjbKZ©v Av‡Qb| eis
Zviv mevB Avj­vn‡K GKgvÎ mªóv, cÖwZcvjK, msnviK e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡Zb| Z‡e Zviv g‡b Ki‡Zb †h, A‡bK †`e-†`ex,
MvQ-cv_i, wdwikZv, wRbœ ev gvby‡li Hk¦wiK kw³ Av‡Q ev Zviv Avj­vni wcÖq, Kv‡RB Zv‡`i‡K Dcmbv Ki‡j, Zv‡`i bv‡g
gvbZ, RevB ev cÖv_©bv Ki‡j g‡bvevÃv c~Y© nq, ZvB Zviv Avj­vni Bev`‡Zi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv‡`iI Bev`Z Ki‡Zb| bex
ivm~jMY Zv‡`i‡K mKj †`e‡`ex cv_i g~wZ© I gvby‡li Dcvmbv Z¨vM K‡i GKgvÎ Avj­vni Dcvmbvi Rb¨ AvnŸvb Rvbvb|
Kvwd‡iiv Zv gvb‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡i|
Avgiv c~e©eZ©x Av‡jvPbvq g°vi Kvwdi‡`i wel‡q KziAv‡bi eY©bv †_‡K welqwU fvjfv‡e eyS‡Z †c‡iwQ| Avgiv †`‡LwQ
†h, Zviv cÖ_g ch©v‡qi ZvInx` wek¦vm Ki‡Zv| wKš‘ Zviv wØZxq ch©v‡qi ZvInx`, A_©vr Bev`‡Zi ZvInx‡` wek¦vm Ki‡Zv bv|
Zviv Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡Z A¯^xKvi KiZ bv, wKš‘ GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡Z A¯^xKvi KiZ| KziAv‡b Kvwdi‡`i
Ô`yÔAvÕ, gvbZ, DrmM© BZ¨vw` Bev`‡Zi K_v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q, †h¸wj Zviv Avj­vni Rb¨ KiZ| Zviv Avj­vni bv‡g gvbZ-
Kzievwb KiZ Ges mv‡_ mv‡_ Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨vb¨ Dcvm¨‡`i Rb¨I gvbZ-Kzievwb KiZ| Bikv` Kiv n‡q‡Q:
52
ﺎﹶﻨِﺌﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﹸﺸِﻟ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻤ�ﻋ�ﺯﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﺒﻴ�ﺼﹶﻨ ﹺﻡﺎ�ﻌﹾﻨَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺙ�ﺭ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ َﺃ�ﺭﹶﺫ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻭ
ÔÔAvj­vn †h km¨ I Mevw` cï m„wó K‡i‡Qb Zb¥‡a¨ †_‡K Zviv Avj­vni Rb¨ GK Ask wbw`©ó K‡i Ges wb‡R‡`i
aviYv Abyhvqx e‡j, ÔGwU Avj­vni Rb¨ Ges GwU Avgv‡`i Dcvm¨‡`i Rb¨Õ|ÕÕ 156
KziAvb Kvix‡gi eY©bv †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, gykwiK‡`i cÖavb Bev`Z wQj Ô`yÔAvÕ A_©vr WvKv ev ÎvY ev
D×v‡ii Rb¨ Av‡e`b ev cÖv_©bv Kiv| GRb¨ KziAvb Kix‡g G‡`i wkiK‡K AwaKvsk ¯’v‡b Ô`yÔAvÕ bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv
n‡q‡Q| cÖvq 70 GiI AwaK ¯’v‡b gykwiK‡`i wkiK‡K Ô`yÔAvÕ e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
KziAv‡b wewfbœ ¯’v‡b D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, gykwiKMY gnvb Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv KiZ, Zuv‡K WvKZ Ges Zvi Kv‡Q
mvnvh¨, weRq BZ¨vw` cÖv_©bv KiZ| ivm~jyj­vn � hLb Zv‡`i‡K GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡Z AvnŸvb Ki‡jb ZLb KvwdiMY
Avj­vni Kv‡Q `y&ÔAv K‡i ejZ,
ﹴﻡﻴِﻟَﺃ ﹴﺏﺍﹶﺫ�ﻌﹺﺒ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺘْﺌﺍ ﹺﻭَﺃ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹰﺓ�ﺭﺎ�ﺠ�ﺤ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺭ�ﻁ�ﻤَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻙ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﱠﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠﻟﺍ
ÔÔ†n Avj­vn, hw` (gyn¤§` � hv cÖPvi Ki‡Q) Zv Avcbvi cvVvb mwVK I mZ¨ ag© nq, Z‡e Avcwb Avgv‡`i Dci
Avmgvb †_‡K cv_i el©Y Ki“b A_ev Avgv‡`i‡K hš¿Yv`vqK kvw¯— `vb Ki“b|ÕÕ 157
e`‡ii hy‡× hvÎvi Av‡M g°vi KvwdiMY cweÎ KvÕev M„‡ni wMjvd ev ewniveiYx a‡i Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv K‡ib
Ges e‡jb, Ò†n Avj­vn Avcwb Avgv‡`i Ges gynv¤§v‡`i (�) `‡ji g‡a¨ †h `j †ewk m¤§vwbZ I †ewk fvj Zv‡`i‡K
weRqx K‡i †`b|Ó Kvwdi‡`i †bZv Avey Rvnj Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv K‡i e‡j, ÔÔ†n Avj­vn Avgv‡`i (Kvwdi I gymwjg‡`i)
ga¨ †_‡K hviv †ewk cvcx, hviv †ekx AvÍxqZvi m¤úK© webóKvix Zv‡`i‡K Avcwb GB hy‡× civwRZ Ki“b|Ó 158
G wel‡q Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺢﹾﺘﹶﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﺤ�ﺘﹾﻔﹶﺘ�ﺴﹶﺘ �ﻥِﺇ
ÔÔ†Zvgiv hw` weRq cÖv_©bv K‡i _vK, Z‡e weRq G‡m wM‡q‡QÕÕ 159 |
A_©vr †Zvgiv fvj `‡ji weRq cÖv_©bv K‡iwQ‡j, Avj­vn fvj `j‡K weRqx K‡i‡Qb|
Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv Kivi cvkvcvwk Zviv Zv‡`i Ab¨vb¨ Dcv‡m¨i Kv‡QI `yÔ&Av KiZ| mvaviYZ `yÔAv Kzeyj nIqvi
Avkvq Zviv `yÔAvi c~‡e© gvbZ, DrmM©, Kzievbx BZ¨vw` †ck KiZ| AwaKvsk †‡Î KvwdiMY mvaviY I †QvULvU wec`-
Avc‡` Avj­vn‡K WvKZ bv, eis G mKj †‡Î Zviv Zv‡`i Ab¨vb¨ Dcvm¨‡K WvKZ Ges Zvi mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv KiZ| Avi
KwVb wec‡` co‡j Zviv Avj­vn‡K WvKZ| KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b welqwU D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:

�ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩـﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹸﻑ�ﺸﹾﻜ�ﻴﹶﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ �ﻩﺎ�ﻴِﺇ ْل�ﺒ �ﻥﻴ�ﻗ�ﺩﺎ�ﺼ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏَﺃ ﹸﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜﹾﺘﹶﺘَﺃ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺏﺍﹶﺫ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎﹶﺘَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﺘ�ﻴَﺃ�ﺭَﺃ ْلﹸﻗ
53
�ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸﹸﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻭ�ﺴﹾﻨﹶﺘ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ
Òejyb, hw` †Zvgiv mZ¨ev`x nI Z‡e †Zvgiv ej‡Zv, Avj­vni kvw¯— †Zvgv‡`i Dci AvcwZZ n‡j, A_ev †Zvgv‡`i
wbKU wKqvgZ Dcw¯’Z n‡j †Zvgiv wK Avj­vn e¨ZxZ Ab¨ KvD‡K WvK‡e? eis †Zvgiv ïay Zv‡KB WvK‡e| wZwb B”Qv Ki‡j
†h wec‡`i Rb¨ Zv‡K WvK‡e †Zvgv‡`i †m wec` wZwb `~i Ki‡eb Ges hv‡`i‡K †Zvgiv kixK Ki‡Z Zv‡`i‡K †Zvgiv
fy‡j hv‡e|Ó 160
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﺭ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎ�ﺠﹶﻨ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻠﹶﻓ �ﻥﻴ�ﺩﻟﺍ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥﻴ�ﺼ�ﻠﹾﺨ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍ�ﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩ �ﻙﹾﻠﹸﻔﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﺒ�ﻜ�ﺭ ﺍﹶﺫِﺈﹶﻓ
ÒZviv hLb †bŠhv‡b Av‡ivnY K‡i ZLb Zviv weï×wPË n‡q GKwbôfv‡e Avj­vn‡K Wv‡K| AZtci wZwb hLb ¯’‡j
wfwo‡q Zv‡`i‡K D×vi K‡ib, ZLb Zviv wki&‡K wjß nq|Ó 161
Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﱠﻻِﺇ ﺎـﹶﻨ�ﺘﺎ�ﻴَﺂﹺﺒ �ﺩ�ﺤ�ﺠ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﺼﹶﺘﹾﻘ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﺭ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎ�ﺠﹶﻨ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻠﹶﻓ �ﻥﻴ�ﺩﻟﺍ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥﻴ�ﺼ�ﻠﹾﺨ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍ�ﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩ ِلﹶﻠﱡﻅﻟﺎﹶﻜ �ﺝ�ﻭ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻴ�ﺸﹶﻏ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ
ﹴﺭﻭﹸﻔﹶﻜ ﹴﺭﺎﱠﺘﹶﺨ ﱡلﹸﻜ
ÔÔhLb Zi½ Zv‡`i‡K Av”Qbœ K‡i †gN”Qvqvi gZ ZLb Zviv Avj­vn‡K Wv‡K Zuvi AvbyM‡Z¨ weï×wPË n‡q| wKš‘ hLb
wZwb Zv‡`i‡K DÏvi K‡i ¯’‡j †cuŠQvb ZLb Zv‡`i †KD †KD mij c‡_ _v‡K; †Kej wek¦vmNvZK, AK…ZÁ e¨w³B Zvi
wb`k©bvewj A¯^xKvi K‡i|Ó 162
KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b welqwU D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| 163 KziAv‡bi weeiY †_‡K eySv hvq †h, AwaKvsk gykwiKB
GBfv‡e PjZ| m~iv n‡R¡i GKwU eY©bv †_‡K †`Lv hvq †h, wKQy gvbyl mvaviYfv‡e Avj­vni Bev`Z KiZ| wKš‘ Avj­vni cÖwZ
Zv‡`i Av¯’v I Cgv‡bi `„pZv LyeB Kg| GRb¨ KwVb wec‡` co‡j Zviv Cgvb nvwi‡q †djZ Ges wki‡K wjß n‡q coZ| ZLb
Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Dcvm¨i Kv‡Q PvIqv ïi“ KiZ| 164
Gfv‡e Zviv Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡jI, GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡Z fq¼ifv‡e A¯^xKvi KiZ| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹴﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﺠ�ﻤ ﹴﺭ�ﻋﺎﹶﺸِﻟ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺘ�ﻬِﻟَﺁ ﺍﻭﹸﻜﹺﺭﺎﹶﺘ ﹶﻟ ﺎﱠﻨِﺌَﺃ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﻭ . �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹺﺒﹾﻜﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ َلﻴ�ﻗ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨِﺇ
ÒZv‡`i wbKU hLb ejv nq Ôjv Bjvnv Bj­vj­vn: Avj­vn e¨ZxZ †Kv‡bv gve~` †bBÕ ZLb Zviv An¼vi K‡i| Ges e‡j,
Avgiv wK GK Db¥v` Kwei Rb¨ Avgv‡`i BjvnMY‡K eR©b Kie?Ó 165
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
. �ﺏﺎـ�ﺠ�ﻋ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸﹶﻟ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥِﺇ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟِﺇ ﹶﺔ�ﻬِﻟَﻵﺍ َل�ﻌ�ﺠَﺃ . �ﺏﺍﱠﺫﹶﻜ �ﺭ�ﺤﺎ�ﺴ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﺭ�ﺫﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ �ﻥَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﺒﹺﺠ�ﻋ�ﻭ
ﻻِﺇ ﺍﹶﺫـ�ﻫ �ﻥِﺇ �ﺓ�ﺭـ�ﺨَﻵﺍ �ﺔﱠﻠ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻬﹺﺒ
ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺴ ﺎ�ﻤ . �ﺩﺍ�ﺭ�ﻴ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸﹶﻟ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺘ�ﻬِﻟَﺁ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹺﺒ�ﺼﺍ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﺸ�ﻤﺍ ﹺﻥَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ُﻸ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹶﻕﹶﻠﹶﻁﹾﻨﺍ�ﻭ
. ﹲﻕﻼ�ﺘﹾﺨﺍ
ÔÔGes Zviv we¯§q †eva Ki‡Q †h, Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Zv‡`i ga¨ †_‡K GKRb mZK©Kvix (ivm~j) G‡m‡Qb Ges Kvwdiiv
e‡j: G‡Zv GK hv`yKi, wg_¨vev`x| †m wK eû Dcv‡m¨i (Bjv‡ni) ¯’v‡b GK Dcvm¨ evwb‡q wb‡q‡Q? G †Zv GK AZ¨vðh©
e¨vcvi| Zv‡`i cÖav‡biv m‡i c‡o GB e‡j †h, †Zvgiv P‡j hvI Ges †Zvgv‡`i Dcvm¨‡`i wel‡q AwePj-w¯’iwPË _vK|
wbðq G e¨vcviwU D‡Ïk¨g~jK| Avgiv †Zv Ab¨ ag©v`‡k© Giƒc K_v ïwb wb; wbðq G GK gbMov K_v|Ó 166
Zviv Zv‡`i gve~`‡`i cvkvcvwk Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡jI, g~jZ GKKfv‡e Avj­vni K_v Av‡jvPbv Kiv ev Avj­vni
GK‡Z¡i I gn‡Z¡i Av‡jvPbv Kivq Zviv wei³ n‡Zv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺭﻭﹸﻔﹸﻨ �ﻡ�ﻫﹺﺭﺎ�ﺒ�ﺩَﺃ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍ�ﻭﱠﻟ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﻭ ﹺﻥَﺁ�ﺭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﹶﺕ�ﺭﹶﻜﹶﺫ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒhLb Zzwg †Zvgvi cÖwZcvjK‡K D‡j­L Ki KziAv‡bi g‡a¨ GKKfv‡e ZLb c„ôcÖ`k©b K‡i Zviv m‡i c‡o|Ó 167
gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:

�ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﺸ�ﺒﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻜﹸﺫ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺓ�ﺭ�ﺨَﻵﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫ ﱠﻟﺍ �ﺏﻭﹸﻠﹸﻗ ﹾﺕ�ﺯَﺄ�ﻤﹾﺸﺍ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻜﹸﺫ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒGKgvÎ Avj­vni K_v ejv n‡j hviv AvwLiv‡Z wek¦vm K‡i bv Zv‡`i Aš—i weZ…òvq msKzwPZ nq Ges Avj­vni
cwie‡Z© hviv Zv‡`i D‡j­L Kiv n‡q Zviv Avb‡›` Dj­wmZ nq|Ó 168
Bmjvg I gymwjg‡`i mv‡_ Zv‡`i Pig kΓZv Ges ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Pig we‡ivwaZvi KviY wQj GB ZvInx`yj
Bev`v‡Zi wek¦vm|
2. 4. 6. Kvwdi‡`i AvcwËi KviY
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K GKwU cÖkœ Avgv‡`i g‡b ¯^fveZB RvMÖZ nq| Zv n‡jv, gnvb Avj­vn‡K GKgvÎ mªóv,
cÖwZcvjK I me©kw³gvb e‡j wek¦vm Kivi c‡iI †Kb Zviv GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡Z GZ KwVbfv‡e A¯^xKvi KiZ?
†KbB ev Zviv GKKfv‡e Avj­vni whK&i ev Av‡jvPbv n‡j wei³ n‡Zv?
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi weeiY †_‡K eySv hvq †h, Zviv gnvb Avj­vn‡K RvMwZK ivRv-gnvivRv‡`i gZB Kíbv KiZ| Zviv
g‡b KiZ †h, wdwikZvMY, bexMY ev Abyiƒc ch©v‡qi Avj­vni wKQz ev›`v Avj­vni Bev`Z-e‡›`wM K‡i Avj­vni we‡kl †cÖg I
fvjevmv AR©b K‡i‡Qb| d‡j gnvb Avj­vn G‡`i‡K we‡kl gh©v`v I AwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb, †h gh©v`v I AwaKv‡ii d‡j G
mKj ÔwcÖqcvÎÕ Dj~wnq¨vZÕ A_©vr Bev`Z ev P~ovš— I A‡jŠwKK fw³ I webq jv‡fi †hvM¨Zv AR©b K‡i‡Qb| GKRb RvMwZK
gnvivR †hgb Zvi wcÖq `vm ev Lvw`g‡K Lywk n‡q ivR‡Z¡i wKQz Ask cÖ`vb K‡ib, Abyiƒcfv‡e gnvb Avj­vn G‡`i‡K wek¦
cwiPvjbvi wKQz gZv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| Avj­vni B”Qvi evB‡i †Kv‡bv gZv G‡`i †bB, Z‡e gnvivR †hgb mvgš— ivRv‡`i
ivR¨ cwiPvjbvq n¯—‡c K‡ib bv, †Zgwb Avj­vnI G‡`i Kv‡R K‡g© evav †`b bv; KviY wZwbB fvj‡e‡m G‡`i‡K Dj~wnq¨vZ
I ie~weq¨v‡Z kixK K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i G wek¦vm cÖKvk K‡i n‡¾i Zvjweqv cv‡Vi mgq Zviv ejZ:
�ﻙﹶﻠ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﹸﻜ�ﻠ�ﻤﹶﺘ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﺎﹰﻜﻴﹺﺭﹶﺸ ﻻِﺇ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﻙﻴﹺﺭﹶﺸ ﻻ �ﻙ�ﻴ�ﺒﹶﻟ
jveŸvBKv Avj­vû¤§v jveŸvBK...Avcbvi †Kv‡bv kixK †bB, Z‡e Avcwb wb‡R hv‡K Avcbvi kixK evwb‡q‡Qb †m
Qvov| Giƒc kixKI AvcbviB gvwjKvbvaxb, AvcbviB ev›`v, D³ kixK I Zvi mKj KZ…©Z¡ I ivRZ¡ AvcbviB Aaxb
...| 169
GRb¨ Zviv wek¦vm KiZ †h, mivmwi Avj­vni WvK‡j ev GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡j Avj­vni G mKj wcÖqcv‡Îi
AwaKvi I gZv A¯^xKvi Kiv nq Ges †eqv`we nq| Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ jvf Ki‡Z n‡j G‡`i gva¨‡gB †h‡Z n‡e, †hgb
gnviv‡Ri wbKU Av‡e`b Ki‡Z Ôh_vh_ KZ…©c‡Õ gva¨‡g Av‡e`b Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡`i gva¨g Qvov Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ jvf m¤¢e
bv| Zv‡`i G wek¦vm m¤ú‡K© Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﻰﹶﻔﹾﻟ�ﺯ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨﻭ�ﺒ�ﺭﹶﻘ�ﻴِﻟ ﺎﱠﻟِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌﹶﻨ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﺫﹶﺨﱠﺘﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
Avi hviv Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨vb¨ AvDwjqv (AwffveK ev eÜz ) MÖnb K‡i‡Q Zviv e‡j, Avgiv †Zv G‡`i ïay GRb¨B
Bev`vZ Kwi †h Giv Avgv‡`i‡K Avj­vni mvwbœ‡a¨ †cuŠ‡Q †`‡e|ÕÕ 170
Zviv wek¦vm KiZ †h, G mKj ÔAvDwjqvÕ-i i‡q‡Q Avj­vni Kv‡Q we‡kl AwaKvi, d‡j Giv Avj­vni wbKU mycvwik
K‡i `ª“Z nvRZ wgwU‡q w`‡Z cv‡ib| Kv‡RB G‡`i WvK‡j hZ `ª“Z mvov cvIqv hvq, mivmwi Avj­vn‡K †W‡K Zv cvIqv
hvq bv| Gwel‡q Avj­vn e‡j&b:
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨُﺅﺎ�ﻌﹶﻔﹸﺸ �ﺀﻻُﺅ�ﻫ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻌﹶﻔﹾﻨ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﻀ�ﻴ ﻻ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ
ÔÔZviv Avj­vn e¨ZxZ hv‡`i Bev`Z K‡i Zviv Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv wZI Ki‡Z cv‡i bv DcKviI Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Zviv
e‡j Giv Avj­vni Kv‡Q Avgv‡`i mycvwikKvix (kvdvqvZKvix)|ÕÕ 171
GLv‡b jYxq †h, Zv‡`i G mKj `vwe I wek¦vm we‡eK I hyw³ we‡ivax| KviY Avj­vnB hL&b GKgvÎ mªóv,
cÖwZcvjK I me©kw³gvb ZLb †Kb gvbyl Ab¨ Kv‡iv Kv‡Q wb‡Ri P~ovš— AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvk Ki‡e?
GQvov Zv‡`i G `vwe¸wj meB gnvb Avj­vn †Kw›`ªK| gnvb Avj­vn AgyK e¨w³‡K gZv cÖ`vb& K‡i‡Qb, A_ev wZwb
mvaviYfv‡e wdwikZv ev bexMY ev we‡kl †kªYxi gvbyl‡`i‡K Dj~wnq¨vZ ev i“e~weq¨v‡Zi gZv, AwaKvi ev kwiKvbv cÖ`vb
K‡i‡Qb, Ges GmKj gZv I AwaKvi cÖvß e¨w³‡`i ev` w`‡q mivmwi Avj­vn‡K WvK‡j wZwb Amš‘ó n‡eb e‡j `vwe
Ki‡Z n‡j Zv Avj­vni †_‡K cÖvß Inxi gva¨‡g cÖgvY Ki‡Z n‡e| GRb¨ KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi Zv‡`i wbKU wKZv‡ei
cÖgvY PvIqv n‡q‡Q| ¯^fveZB Zviv KL‡bv †Kv‡bv cÖgvY w`‡Z cv‡i wb| Zviv ïay Inxi K‡qKwU cwifvlvi Ace¨vL¨v I
Ace¨envi K‡i‡Q| c~e©eZ©x wKZvemg~‡n gnvb Avj­vn †bKKvi ev›`v‡`i ev bex I wdwikZv‡`i fvjevmvi K_v D‡j­L
K‡i‡Qb| GQvov †bKKvi ev›`v‡`i mycvwik ev kvdvÔAv‡Zi welqwUI Inxi gva¨‡g ¯^xK…Z| Abyiƒcfv‡e gywRhv I Kvivg‡Zi
welqwUI Inxi gva¨‡g ¯^xK…Z| gykwiKMY G welq¸wj weK…Z K‡i Zv‡`i wkiK cÖgvY Ki‡Z †Póv KiZ|
54

Zv‡`i hyw³i aviv A‡bKUv wbgœiƒc: (1) Avj­vn AgyK ev ZgyK‡K fvjev‡mb, (2) †h‡nZz wZwb Zuv‡K fvjev‡mb †m‡nZz
wbðq wZwb Zv‡K i“e~weq¨vZ I Dj~wnq¨v‡Z kixK evwb‡q‡Qb ev wek¦ cwiPvjbvi wKQz `vwqZ¡ I gZv Zv‡K w`‡q‡Qb, (3) G
gZvi cÖgvY Zv‡`i gywRhv-KvivgZ ev A‡jŠwKK Kvh©vw`, (4) †h‡nZz wZwb Zv‡`i‡K i“e~weq¨vZ I Dj~wnq¨v‡Zi wKQz gZv I
my‡hvM w`‡q‡Qb †m‡nZz Zv‡`i ev` w`‡q mivmwi Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ cvIqv hvq bv, (5) †h‡nZz Zv‡`i kvdvÔAv‡Zi AwaKvi
¯^xK…Z, Kv‡RB Zv‡`i Kv‡QB nvRZ †ck Ki‡Z n‡e Ges (6) Zv‡`i ev` w`‡q mivmwi Avj­vn‡K WvKv n‡j ev Zv‡`i gn‡Z¡i
Av‡jvPbv ev` w`‡q ïay Avj­vni gnZ¡ I gh©v`v Av‡jvPbv Ki‡j Zv‡`i mv‡_ †eqv`we nq hv gvi A‡hvM¨|
Zv‡`i G mKj hyw³i wfwˇZ Zviv ZInx‡`i cÖPviK‡`i fq-fxwZ †`LvZ| Zviv ejZ, Avj­vni wcÖqcvÎ hv‡`i Avgiv
Bev`Z Kwi †Zvgiv G‡`i wei“‡× K_v ejv eÜ bv Ki‡j Giv †Zvgv‡`i wZ K‡i †`‡e| ZvInx‡`i cÖPviK‡`i fxwZcÖ`k©‡bi
†‡Î Zv‡`i wPš—vaviv wQj wbgœiƒc:
(1) GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡Z ejvi A_©B Avj­vni wcÖqcvÎ wdwikZv, bex, Ijx ev Avj­vni mš—vb‡`i wei“‡×
K_v ejv! Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv WvKv hv‡e bv, mvR`v Kiv hv‡e bv, gvbZ Kiv hv‡e bv BZ¨vw` ejvi A_© G Avj­vni G mKj
wcÖqcv‡Îi mv‡_ †eqv`ex Kiv!!
(2) Giƒc †eqv`ex‡Z Avj­vni G mKj wcÖqcvÎ †eRvq ALywk I bvivh nb! d‡j Giƒc †eqv`e‡`i Zviv kvw¯— †`b!!
gnvb Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K †h gZv w`‡q‡Qb †m gZve‡j Zviv †eqv`e‡`i kvw¯— w`‡Z cv‡ib!!!
gnvb Avj­vn Beivnxg (Av)ÑGi cÖm‡½ e‡jb:
ﱠلـﹸﻜ ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻊ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸﹸﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹸﻑﺎﹶﺨَﺃ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹺﻥﺍ�ﺩ�ﻫ �ﺩﹶﻗ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻲﱢﻨﻭ�ﺠﺎ�ﺤﹸﺘَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪ�ﻤ�ﻭﹶﻗ �ﻪ�ﺠﺎ�ﺤ�ﻭ
�ﻱَﺄـﹶﻓ ﺎﹰﻨﺎﹶﻁﹾﻠـ�ﺴ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴـﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﹺﺒ ْل�ﺯﹶﻨ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻜ�ﺭ ﹾﺸَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻨَﺃ �ﻥﻭﹸﻓﺎﹶﺨﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻜ�ﺭﹾﺸَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹸﻑﺎﹶﺨَﺃ ﹶﻑ�ﻴﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﱠﻜﹶﺫﹶﺘﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹾﻠ�ﻋ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ ﹺﻥ�ﻤَﻷﺎﹺﺒ ﱡﻕ�ﺤَﺃ ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﻘﻴﹺﺭﹶﻔﹾﻟﺍ
ÒZvi m¤cÖ`vq Zvi mv‡_ weZ‡K© wjß n‡jv| †m ejj, †Zvgiv wK Avj­vn m¤^‡Ü Avgvi mv‡_ weZ‡K© wjß n‡e? wZwb
†Zv Avgv‡K mrc‡_ cwiPvwjZ K‡i‡Qb| †Zvgiv hv‡`i‡K Zuvi mv‡_ kixK Ki Avwg Zv‡`i‡K fq Kwi bv, Z‡e Avgvi
cÖwZcvjK hw` wKQz B”Qv K‡ib (A_©vr GmKj Dcvm¨ Avgvi †Kv‡bv wZ Ki‡Z cv‡i e‡j Avwg fq cvB bv, Avgvi hw`
†Kv‡bv wZ ev wec` nq Z‡e Avj­vni B”Qv‡ZB n‡e, †Zvgv‡`i Dcvm¨‡`i B”Qv‡Z bq)| me wKQzB Avgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki
ÁvbvqZ¡, Z‡e wK †Zvgiv Aeavb Ki bv? †Zvgiv hv‡`i‡K Avj­vni kixK Ki Avwg Zv‡`i‡K wKfv‡e fq Kie? A_P Avj­vn
Zuvi mv‡_ kixK Kivi †Kv‡bviƒc AbygwZ cÖ`vb bv Kiv m‡Ë¡I †Zgviv Avj­vni mv‡_ kixK Ki‡Z fq cvI bv? Zvn‡j
†Zvgv‡`i hw` Ávb _v‡K Z‡e ej †Zv †Kvb `j wbivcËv jv‡fi †hvM¨?Ó 172
ivm~jyj­vn � m¤ú‡K© gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﻪـﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﻬ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺩﺎ�ﻫ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِل�ﻠ�ﻀ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻙﹶﻨﻭﹸﻓ�ﻭﹶﺨ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻑﺎﹶﻜﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟَﺃ
ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﻴَﺃ�ﺭﹶﻓَﺃ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﺽ�ﺭَﺄﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹶﻕﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﺘﹾﻟَﺄ�ﺴ �ﻥِﺌﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﹴﻡﺎﹶﻘ�ﺘﹾﻨﺍ ﻱ�ﺫ ﹴﺯﻴﹺﺯ�ﻌﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ َﺃ ﱟل�ﻀ�ﻤ
ُلـﱠﻜ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﻴ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻲﹺﺒ�ﺴ�ﺤ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ ﹸﺕﺎﹶﻜ�ﺴ�ﻤ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻫ ْل�ﻫ �ﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ �ﺭﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺩﺍ�ﺭَﺃ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻀ ﹸﺕﺎﹶﻔ�ﺸﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻫ ْل�ﻫ �ﺭ�ﻀﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺩﺍ�ﺭَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻠﱢﻜ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ
ÒAvj­vn wK Zuvi ev›`vi Rb¨ h‡_ó bb? A_P Zviv †Zvgv‡K Avj­vni cwie‡Z© hviv Zv‡`i fq †`Lvq| Avj­vn hv‡K
weåvš— K‡ib Zvi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv c_-cÖ`k©K †bB| Ges Avj­vn hv‡K wn`vqvZ K‡ib Zvi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv c_åóKvix †bB| Avj­vn
wK civµgkvjx, `ÊweavqK bb? Zzwg hw` Zv‡`i‡K wRÁvmv Ki, AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_ex †K m„wó K‡i‡Qb? Zviv Aek¨B
ej‡e, ÔAvj­vn|Õ Zzwg ej, †Zvgiv †f‡e †`‡LQ wK, Avj­vn Avgvi Awbó PvB‡j †Zvgiv Avj­vni cwie‡Z© hv‡`i‡K WvK Zviv
wK †m Awbó `~i Ki‡Z cvi‡e? A_ev wZwb Avgvi cÖwZ AbyMÖn Ki‡Z PvB‡j Zviv wK †m AbyMÖn †iva Ki‡Z cvi‡e? ej,
ÔAvgvi Rb¨ Avj­vnB h‡_ó|Õ wbf©iKvwiMY Avj­vni Dc‡iB wbf©i K‡i|Ó 173
GLv‡b KziAvb Kvix‡gi hyw³ cÖ`vb c×wZ j¨ Ki“b| G mKj gykwiK ivm~jyj­vn � -‡K Zv‡`i fq †`Lv‡”Q †h, Zv‡`i
ev` w`‡q GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`‡Zi K_v ejvi A_©B Zv‡`i mv‡_ †eqv`ex Kiv Ges Zv‡`i AwaKvi †_‡K Zv‡`i ewÂZ Kiv|
G‡Z Zviv bvivR n‡q †Zvgvi Ag½j I wZ Ki‡e| GLb cÖkœ n‡jv, gnvb Avj­vn hw` Avgvi fvj Pvb Zvn‡j wK Zviv Zv
†VKv‡Z cv‡i? hw` wZwb Avgvi Ag½j Pvb Zvn‡j wK Zviv Zv †iva Ki‡Z cv‡i? Dfq †‡Î gykwiK‡`i DËi n‡jv: bv| Avi
Zviv †h‡nZz GZB Ag Zvn‡j Zv‡`i WvKvi `iKvi Kx? gnvb Avj­vn‡K WvK‡jB †Zv n‡jv| wZwbB †Zv Zuvi ev›`vi Rb¨
h‡_ó|
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, gykwiKMY GKwU wfwËnxb Kíbvi Dc‡iB wki‡K wjß nq, †h gnvb Avj­vn †h‡nZz G mKj
ev›`v‡K fvjev‡mb, †m‡nZz wZwb Aek¨B G‡`i‡K wKQz gZv w`‡q‡Qb Ges G‡`i bv †W‡K mivmwi Avj­vn‡K WvK‡j G‡`i
mv‡_ †eqv`ex nq| Zv‡`i G mKj hyw³ meB wg_¨v I wfwËnxb Kíbv Ges Inxi K‡qKwU wel‡q weK…wZ ˆe wKQzB bq| kvn
Iqvwj Dj­vn †`njex e‡jb: ÒcÖ‡Z¨K bexB Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K mywbwðZiƒ‡c wki‡Ki nvKxKZ eywS‡q wM‡q‡Qb| Gici hLb bexi
55

wcÖq mn‡hvMxMY Ges Zuvi `x‡bi evnKMY MZ nb, Zv‡`i c‡i bZzb GKwU cÖRb¥ AvMgb K‡i, hviv mvjvZ webó K‡i Ges
cÖe„wËi AbymiY K‡i| ZLb Giv Inxi g‡a¨ e¨eüZ ب_©‡evaK kãvewj‡K weK…Z A‡_© e¨envi K‡i| Abyiƒcfv‡e Avj­vni
wcÖqZ¡ Ges kvdvÔAv‡Zi welq`ywU mKj kixq‡ZB we‡kl gvbyl‡`i Rb¨ D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zviv G `ywU wel‡qiI weK…Z A_©
K‡i| GQvov Zviv A‡jŠwKK Kg©vw` Ges Kvkd-Bjnv‡gi welqwU‡K gZv I MvBex Bj‡gi cÖgvY wn‡m‡e †ck K‡i| hvi
†_‡K Giƒc A‡jŠwKK Kg© ev Kvkd †`Lv wM‡q‡Q Zv‡K A‡jŠwKK gZv I Áv‡bi gvwjK e‡j Zviv `vwe K‡i|Ó 174
2. 4. 7. Bev`‡Zi ZvInx`B mKj bex-ivm~‡ji `vIÔAvZ
Bev`Z‡Zi ZvInx`B wQj hy‡M hy‡M mKj bex-ivm~‡ji cÖ_g I g~j `vIÔAvZ| KziAvb Kvixg †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z
cvwi †h, mKj bex I ivm~j Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡Z AvnŸvb K‡i‡Qb| cÖ_g ivm~j b~n (Av) m¤ú‡K©
Avj­vn e‡jb:
56
�ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻭﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻴ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﻤ�ﻭﹶﻗ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎ�ﺤﻭﹸﻨ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ
ÒAvwg †Zv b~n‡K cvwV‡qwQjvg Zvi m¤cÖ`v‡qi wbKU Ges †m e‡jwQj, Ô†n Avgvi m¤cÖ`vq, Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki,
wZwb e¨ZxqZ †Zvgv‡`i Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Bjvn (gve~` ev Dcvm¨) †bB|Ó 175
n~` (Av) m¤ú‡K© Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻩ�ﺭ �ﻴﹶﻏ
�ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻭﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻴ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺍ�ﺩﻭ�ﻫ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎﹶﺨَﺃ �ﺩﺎ�ﻋ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒÔAv` RvwZi wbKU Zv‡`i åvZv n~`‡K cvwV‡qwQjvg| †m e‡jwQj, Ô†n Avgvi m¤cÖ`vq, †Zvgiv Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki,
wZwb e¨ZxZ †Zvgv‡`i Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Bjvn †bB|Ó 176
mvwjn (Av) m¤ú‡K© gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻭﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻴ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﺤِﻟﺎ�ﺼ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎﹶﺨَﺃ �ﺩﻭ�ﻤﹶﺜ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ�ﻭ
Òmvg~` RvwZi wbKU Zv‡`i åvZv mvwjn‡K cvwV‡qwQjvg| †m e‡jwQj, Ô†n Avgvi m¤cÖ`vq, †Zvgiv Avj­vni Bev`Z
Ki| wZwb e¨ZxZ †Zvgv‡`i Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Bjvn †bB|Ó 177
ïÔAvBe (Av) m¤ú‡K© gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻭﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻴ َلﺎﹶﻗ
ﺎ�ﺒ�ﻴ�ﻌﹸﺸ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎﹶﺨَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺩ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ�ﻭ
Ògv`&qvbevmx‡`i wbKU Zv‡`i åvZv ïÔAvBe‡K cvwV‡qwQjvg| †m e‡jwQj, Ô†n Avgvi m¤cÖ`vq, †Zvgiv Avj­vni
ÔBev`Z Ki, wZwb e¨ZxZ †Zvgv‡`i Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Bjvn †bB|Ó 178
mKj bex‡KB GB `vwqZ¡ †`Iqv n‡qwQj:
ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋﺎﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻨَﺃ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ﻲ�ﺤﻭﹸﻨ ﻻِﺇ ٍلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒAvwg †Zvgvi c~‡e© †Kv‡bv ivm~jB †cÖiY Kwi wb GB Inx e¨ZxZ †h, Avwg e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Bjvn †bB, myZivs
AvgviB Bev`Z Ki|Ó 179
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Ab¨ Avqv‡Z G wel‡q ejv n‡q‡Q: ÒAvj­vni Bev`Z Kivi Ges ZvM~Z‡K eR©b Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡q
Avwg cÖ‡Z¨K RvwZi g‡a¨ ivm~j †cÖiY K‡iwQ|Ó
2. 4. 8. ZvInx`B KziAv‡bi g~j Av‡jvPbv
ZvInx`B KziAv‡bi g~j Av‡jvP¨ Ges mKj Av‡jvPbvi g~j welq| Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdvi (iv) ÔAvj-wdKûj AvKeviÕ
MÖ‡š’i e¨vL¨vq, ZvInx‡`i Av‡jvPbvKv‡j †gvj­v Avjx Kvix (1014 wn) e‡jb:
ÒZvInx`yj Dj~wnq¨vn ev Bev`‡Zi ZvInx` ¯^xKvi Ki‡j ¯^Ztwm×fv‡e ZvInx`yi i“e~weq¨vn ev m„wó I cÖwZcvj‡bi
ZvInx` ¯^xKvi Kiv n‡q hvq| (ZvInx`yj Dj~wnq¨vn ¯^xKvi Kivi A_©B ZvInx`yi i“e~weq¨vn ¯^xKvi Kiv|) wKš‘ ZvInx`yi
i“e~weq¨vn ¯^xKvi Ki‡j ZvInx`yj Dj~wnq¨vn ¯^xKvi Kiv nq bv|...
KziAv‡bi AwaKvsk m~iv I AvqvZ GB `yB cÖKv‡ii ZvInx‡`i eY©bv m¤^wjZ| eis mwZ¨Kvi welq †h, KziAv‡bi ïi“
†_‡K †kl ch©š— me K_vB GB `yB cÖKv‡ii ZvInx‡`i weeiY|
KviY KziAv‡b †Kv_vI Avvj­vni mËv, bvgmg~n, ¸Yvewj I Kvh©vw`i eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q, Avi G¸wj Ávb I msev‡`i
ZvInx`| Avi †Kv_vI wki&K-gy³ fv‡e GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡Z Ges Avj­vn Qvov hv wKQz Bev`Z Kiv nq me wKQz eR©b
Ki‡Z AvnŸvb Kiv n‡q‡Q| G n‡jv ÔAvZ-ZvInx`yj Biv`x AvZ-ZvjvexÕ ev ÔB”Qvaxb wb‡`©wkZ GKZ¡Õ (Bev`‡Zi ZvInx`)|

Avi †Kv_vI Av‡`k, wb‡la I Avj­vn AvbyMZ¨ eRvq ivLvi eY©bv i‡q‡Q| G¸wj ZvInx‡`i `vwe I cwic~iK| Avi
†Kv_vI ZvInx‡`i Abymvix‡`i m¤§vb-gh©v`vi K_v, `ywbqv‡Z Zv‡`i mv‡_ wKiƒc AvPiY Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges AvwLiv‡Z Zv‡`i‡K
wKfv‡e m¤§vwbZ Kiv n‡e Zv ejv n‡q‡Q| G n‡jv ZvInx‡`i cyi¯‹vi| Avi †Kv_vI wki&‡K wjß e¨w³‡`i K_v Av‡jvPbv Kiv
n‡q‡Q, c„w_ex‡Z Zv‡`i‡K wK jvÃbv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges AvwLiv‡Z Zv‡`i Rb¨ wK kvw¯— I hš¿Yv A‡cv Ki‡Q Zv ejv
n‡q‡Q| G n‡jv ZvInx` †_‡K evB‡i hvIqvi cÖwZdj| Kv‡RB KziAv‡bi mKj Av‡jvPbvB ZvInx` †Kw›`ªK| 180
Z…Zxq Aa¨vq
wimvjv‡Zi Cgvb
Cgv‡bi Ab¨Zg welq Avj­vni ivm~jM‡Y wek¦vm Kiv| A_©vr G wek¦vm †cvlY Kiv †h, Avj­vn hy‡M-hy‡M gvbe RvwZi
mwVK c‡_i w`kv `v‡bi Rb¨ gvbyl‡`i ga¨ †_‡K AmsL¨ gvbyl‡K g‡bvbxZ K‡i Zuv‡`i‡K Zuvi evYx `vb K‡ib Ges
gvbyl‡`i‡K mZ¨ I Kj¨v‡Yi c‡_ AvnŸv‡bi `vwqZ¡ Zuv‡`i‡K `vb K‡ib| Giv mevB gnvb Pwi‡Îi AwaKvix I Kj¨vYgq gvbyl
wQ‡jb| Giv mevB Zuv‡`i `vwqZ¡ h_vhZ cvjb K‡ib| G‡`i AwaKvs‡ki bvg ev weeiY Avgiv Rvwbbv| ïay hv‡`i bvg
KziAvb Kvix‡g D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q Zuv‡`i‡K Avgiv wbw`©ófv‡e bex ev ivm~jiƒ‡c wek¦vm Kwi| Ab¨ KvD‡K Avgiv wbwðZiƒ‡c
Avj­vni ivm~j e‡j g‡b Ki‡Z cvwibv, hw`I Avgiv wek¦vm Kwi †h, mKj hy‡M mKj †`‡k Avj­vn bex ivm~j †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb|
Avgiv G‡`i mevB‡K wek¦vm Kwi, kª×v Kwi Ges fvjevwm| Avi me©‡kl I me©‡kªó bex gynv¤§` (�)-Gi Avgiv AbymiY Kwi
Ges Zvui kixqZ gZ Rxeb cwiPvjbv Kwi| Avgiv G Aa¨v‡q gynv¤§v` �-Gi wimvjv‡Zi cÖwZ Cgv‡bi A_© Av‡jvPbv Kie|
cieZ©x Aa¨v‡q Avgiv Cgv‡bi Aewkó i“Kb¸wj Av‡jvPbv cÖm‡½ Ab¨vb¨ bex I ivm~‡ji cÖwZ Cgv‡bi A_© Av‡jvPbv Kie|
3. 1. wimvjv‡Zi mv¨
3. 1. 1. kvnv`v‡Zi wZbwU kã
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, kvnv`vZvB‡bi wØZxq As‡k (gynv¤§v`vb Avãyj­vn Iqvivm~jyû) e‡j mv¨ †`Iqvi wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|
GLv‡b wZbwU kã Av‡Q: gynv¤§v`, Ave` I ivm~j| wimvjv‡Zi wek¦v‡mi A_© Av‡jvPbv Kivi Av‡M Avgiv GB wZbwU k‡ãi A_© I
e¨vL¨v Abyave‡bi †Póv Kie|
3. 1. 2. gynv¤§v` (�)
cÖ_‡g Avgv‡`i Rvbv `iKvi gnvbex gynv¤§v` (�) †K wQ‡jb| cÖK…Zc‡ Avvgiv mevB Kg‡ekx ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi
Rxeb I PwiÎ m¤ú‡K© AeMZ AvwQ| Zv m‡Ë¡I Zvi Rxebx Av‡jvPbvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q A‡bK Kj¨vY| GLv‡b Avgiv ms‡‡c
Zuvi cwiPq D‡j­L Kie|
3. 1. 2. 1. †`k I esk
AvR †_‡K cÖvq †`o nvRvi ermi Av‡M gnvbex gynv¤§v` (�) Avie †`‡ki cÖvY †K›`ª cweÎ g°v kn‡i Rb¥ MÖnY
K‡ib| Zvi wcZvi bvg wQj Avãyj­vn, Avãyj­vni wcZv Avãyj gyËvwje, Zvi wcZv nvwkg| nvwkg wQ‡jb KzivBk es‡ki,
KzivBk GKwU Avie †MvÎ, hviv Beªvnxg (Av)-Gi cyÎ BmgvCj (Av)-Gi eskai|
KzivBk esk wQj Avi‡ei †kªô esk| G es‡ki g‡a¨ nvwk‡gi cwievi wQj AZ¨š— m¤§vwbZ cwievi| g°vevmxiv
Zv‡`i‡K ag©xq I mvgvwRK ‡bZ…‡Z¡i Avm‡b ¯’vb †`b| GB nvwkg cwiev‡ii Ab¨Zg †bZv wQ‡jb Avãyj gyËvwje| wZwb Zvi
cyÎ Avãyj­vn‡K g°vi KzivBk es‡ki Aci kvLv evb~ hyn&ivi †bZv Iqvn&e Beby Avãy gvbvd web hynivi Kb¨v Avwgbvi mv‡_
weevn †`b| weev‡ni K‡qK gvm c‡i, gnvbex gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi R‡b¥i K‡qK gvm c~‡e© Avãyj­vn †LRyi Avbvi Rb¨ g`xbvq
(Bqvmwi‡e) Zvi gvZzjvjq‡j Mgb K‡ib| †mLv‡b wZwb Amy¯’ n‡q c‡ob Ges g„Zz¨ eiY K‡ib| g„Zz¨i mgq Zvi eqm wQj
gvÎ 25 ermi|
3. 1. 2. 2. Rb¥
Avãyj­vni g„Zz¨i K‡qK gvm c‡i gnvbex gynv¤§v` (�) Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| nv`xm kix‡d D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h,
ivm~jyj­vn � ÔAvgyj dxjÕ (لﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻋ) ev nvwZi erm‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| 181 nvZxi eQi A_©vr †h ermi Aveivnv nvwZ wb‡q
Kvev Ni aŸs‡mi Rb¨ g°v kixd AvµgY K‡iwQj| HwZnvwmK‡`i g‡Z G eQi 570 ev 571 wLªóvã wQj| 182
mnxn nv`xm †_‡K ¯úóiƒ‡c Rvb hvq †h, ivm~jyj­vn (�) †mvgevi Rb¥MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| 183 nv`x‡m beex †_‡K Zuvi Rb¥gvm
I Rb¥ZvwiL m¤ú‡K© †Kv‡bv Z_¨ cvIqv hvq bv| mvnvexM‡Yi gv‡SI G wel‡q †Kv‡bv mywbw`©ó gZ cÖPwjZ wQj bv| GKvi‡Y
cieZ©x hy‡Mi Avwjg I HwZnvwmKMY Zuvi Rb¥ZvwiL m¤ú‡K© A‡bK gZ‡f` K‡i‡Qb| G wel‡q 12wUiI †ewk gZ i‡q‡Q| Beby
57

wnkvg, Beby mvÕ`, Beby Kvmxi, KvmZvjvbx I Ab¨vb¨ HwZnvwmK G wel‡q wbæwjwLZ gZvgZ D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb:
(1). Kv‡iv g‡Z Zuvi Rb¥ZvwiL AÁvZ, Zv Rvbv hvqwb Ges Rvbv m¤¢e bq| wZwb †mvgev‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡i‡Qb GUzKzB ïay
Rvbv hvq, Rb¥ gvm ev ZvwiL Rvbv hvq bv| G wel‡q †Kv‡bv Av‡jvPbv Zviv Aevš—i g‡b K‡ib|
(2). Kv‡iv Kv‡iv g‡Z wZwb gynviivg gv‡m Rb¥MÖnY K‡i‡Qb|
(3). Ab¨ g‡Z wZwb mdi gv‡m Rb¥MÖnY K‡i‡Qb|
(4). Kv‡iv g‡Z wZwb iweDj AvDAvj gv‡mi 2 Zvwi‡L Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| wØZxq wnRix kZ‡Ki Ab¨Zg HwZnvwmK gynvwÏm
Avey gvÕkvi bvRxn web Avãyi ivngvb Avm-wmb`x (170 wn.) GB gZwU MÖnY K‡i‡Qb|
(5). Ab¨ g‡Z Zuvi Rb¥ZvwiL iweDj AvDqvj gv‡mi 8 ZvwiL| Avj­vgv KvmZvjvbx I hviKvbxi eY©bvq GB gZwUB
AwaKvsk gynvwÏm MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| GB gZwU `yBRb mvnvex Beby AveŸvm (iv) I RyevBi web gyZwqg (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z|
AwaKvsk HwZnvwmK I mxivZ we‡klÁ GB gZwU MÖnY K‡i‡Qb e‡j Zviv D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb|
(6). Ab¨ g‡Z Zuvi Rb¥ZvwiL 10-B iweDj AvDqvj| G gZwU Bgvg ûmvB‡bi †cŠÎ gynv¤§v` Beby Avjx Avj ev‡Ki
(114 wn) †_‡K ewY©Z| cÖwm× Zvweqx Avwgi Beby kvivwnj Avk kvex (104 wn.) †_‡KI gZwU ewY©Z| HwZnvwmK gynv¤§v`
Beby Dgi Avj-IqvwK`x (207 wn) GB gZ MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| Beby mvÕ` Zvi weL¨vZ ÒAvZ-ZvevKvZzj KzeivÓ-q ïay `yBwU gZ
D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb, 2 ZvwiL I 10 ZvwiL| 184
(7). Kv‡iv g‡Z ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi Rb¥ZvwiL 12 iweDj AvDqvj| GB gZwU wØZxq wnRix kZvãxi cÖL¨vZ HwZnvwmK
gynv¤§v` Beby BmnvK (151 wn) MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| wZwb e‡j‡Qb: Òivm~jyj­vn � nvwZi eQ‡i iweDj AvDqvj gv‡mi 12 Zvwi‡L
Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib|Ó 185 GLv‡b jYxq †h, Beby BmnvK mxivZzbœexi mKj Z_¨ mvaviYZ mb`mn eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, wKš‘ GB Z_¨wUi
Rb¨ †Kv‡bv mb` D‡j­L K‡ibwb| †Kv_v †_‡K wZwb GB Z_¨wU MÖnY K‡i‡Qb ZvI Rvbvbwb ev mb`mn cÖ_g kZvãxi †Kv‡bv
mvnvex ev Zv‡eqx †_‡K gZwU eY©bv K‡ibwb| G Rb¨ A‡bK M‡elK GB gZwU‡K `ye©j e‡j D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb 186 | Zv m‡Ë¡I cieZ©x
hy‡M GB gZwUB cÖwmw× jvf K‡i‡Q| Beby Kvmxi D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h 2 Rb mvnvex Rvwei (iv) I Beby AveŸvm (iv) †_‡K GB
gZwU ewY©Z|
(8). Ab¨ g‡Z Zuvi Rb¥ZvwiL 17-B iweDj AvDqvj|
(9). Ab¨ g‡Z Zuvi Rb¥ ZvwiL 22-†k iweDj AvDqvj|
(10). Ab¨ g‡Z wZwb iweDm mvbx gv‡m Rb¥MÖnY K‡i‡Qb|
(11). Ab¨ g‡Z wZwb iRe gv‡m Rb¥MÖnY K‡i‡Qb|
(12). Ab¨ g‡Z wZwb ighvb gv‡m Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| 3q wnRix kZ‡Ki cÖL¨vZ HwZnvwmK hyevBi Beby ev°vi (256 wn)
†_‡K G gZwU ewY©Z| Zuvi g‡Zi c‡ hyw³ n‡jv †h, ivm~jyj­vn � me©m¤§Zfv‡e ighvb gv‡m byeyIqvZ †c‡q‡Qb| wZwb 40
ermi c~wZ©‡Z byeyq¨Z †c‡q‡Qb| Zvn‡j Zuvi Rb¥ Aek¨B ighv‡b n‡e| GQvov †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv nv`x‡m ewY©Z Av‡Q †h, ivm~jyj­vn
� n‡R¡i cweÎ w`b¸wj‡Z gvZ…M‡f© Av‡mb| †m‡‡ÎI Zuvi Rb¥ ighv‡bB nIqv DwPZ| G g‡Zi mg_©‡b Avãyj­vn Beby Dgi
(iv) †_‡K GKwU eY©bv Av‡Q e‡j †KD †KD D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| 187
3. 1. 2. 3. ˆkke I ˆKki
R‡b¥i c‡i Zuvi gvZv Zuvi bvg iv‡Lb ÔÔAvngv`ÕÕ, Avi Zvi `v`v Avãyj gyËvwje Zvi bvg iv‡Lb ÔÔgynv¤§`ÕÕ| g°vi
Avwaevmxiv Zv‡`i beRvZK mš—vb‡`i‡K mvaviYZ kn‡ii evB‡i †e`yBb †Mv·`i g‡a¨ wKQyw`b jvjvb cvjb Ki‡Zb, †hb
Zviv kn‡ii wgkª cwi‡e‡ki evB‡i †e`yBb‡`i gv‡S cwic~Y© gvbwmK I ˆ`wnK c~Y©Zv I ¯^vejw¤^Zv wb‡q M‡o I‡V Ges
Zv‡`i fvlv weï× nq| G wbq‡g R‡b¥i wKQyw`b c‡i g°vi evB‡i, g°v I Zv‡q‡di ga¨eZ©x GjvKvi †e`~Bb †MvÎ eby
mvÕ‡`i nvjxgv webZy Avey hyÔAvBe bvgK GK gwnjv wkï gynv¤§` (�)-Gi jvjb cvj‡bi fvi MÖnY K‡ib| wZwb †mLv‡b 5
ermi KvUvb|
Gici wZwb g°vq Zuvi gvZvi Kv‡Q wd‡i Av‡mb| cÖvq GK ermi ci Zuvi gvZv g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib| ZLb Zvui `v`v Avãyj
gyËvwje Zuvi jvjb cvj‡bi fvi MÖnb K‡ib| Avãyj gyËvwje Zvi GB GwZg †cŠÎ‡K AZ¨š— †øn Ki‡Zb| 2 ermi c‡i, 8 ermi
eq‡m ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi `v`v‡KI nvivb| g„Zz¨i mgq Avãyj gyËvwje Zvi cyÎ Ave~ Zvwj‡ei Dci `vwqZ¡ †`b GwZg evjK
gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi jvjb cvj‡bi| cieZ©x cÖvq 17 ermi wZwb Zuvi PvPv Avey Zvwj‡ei cwiev‡iB Ae¯’vb K‡ib|
Gmg‡q wZwb gv‡Sgv‡S Zvi PvPvi I Ab¨vb¨ g°vevmx‡`i QvMj- †fov Piv‡Zb g°vi cÖvš—‡i| KL‡bv PvPvi mv‡_
e¨emv‡qi åg‡Y Ask wb‡q‡Qb| wZwb mvaviY hyeK‡`i gZ Mí¸Re cQ›` Ki‡Zb bv| wZwb KLb †Kv‡bv g~wZ©‡K ¯úk©
K‡ib wb | g°vq cÖPwjZ wevfbœ Kzms¯‹vi I mvgvwRK AbvPvi‡K wZwb AZ¨š— N„Yv Ki‡Zb| 591 L„óv‡ãi w`‡K, hLb Zvi
eqm cÖvq 20 ermi, g°vi wKQy mr I mvnmx hyeK GKwÎZ n‡q kc_ MÖnY K‡ib †h, Zviv mgv‡Ri AZ¨vPvi †iva Ki‡eb|
58

k‡³i AZ¨vPvi †_‡K `ye©j‡K iv Ki‡eb Ges `ye©‡ji AwaKvi Av`vq K‡i †`‡eb| hyeK gynv¤§` (�) GB kc‡_ Ask
MÖnY K‡ib|
3. 1. 2. 4. weevn I byeyIqvZ-c~e© Rxeb
25 ermi eq‡m wZwb Lv`xRv webZy LyqvBwj` bvgK g°vi GKRb abx e¨emvqx gwnjvi e¨emv‡qi mvgMÖx wb‡q
wmwiqvq Mgb K‡ib| Lv`xRv Zvi mZZv I PvwiwÎK cweÎZvq LzeB gy» nb| wZwb Zvi mv‡_ weev‡ni AvMÖn cÖKvk K‡ib|
Dfqc‡i AwffveK‡`i m¤§wZ I ga¨¯’Zvq weevn m¤úbœ nq| Gmg‡q Lvw`Rvi eqm wQj cÖvq 40 ermi, Ges gnvbexi
eqm wQj 25 ermi|
weev‡ni c‡i Lvw`Rv Zvi mKj m¤ú` ¯^vgxi nv‡Z mgc©b K‡ib| ivm~jyj­vn (�) Zuvi m¤ú` wewfbœ RbwnZKi Kv‡R e¨q
Ki‡Zb| wZwb Abv_‡`i jvjb cvjb, Amnvh I `y¯’‡`i †mev, gymvwdi‡`i AvwZ‡_qZv, AvZ¥xq-¯^R‡bi †`Lvïbv, wec`MÖ¯—‡`i
mvnvh¨ BZ¨vw` K‡g© e¨¯— _vK‡Zb| G mg‡q wZwb Zuvi †mev, mZZv, AgvwqK e¨envi I PvwiwÎK cweÎZvi Rb¨ mgv‡R GZB
cÖwm× nb †h, mgv‡Ri †jv‡Kiv Zuv‡K Avj Avgxb (wek¦¯—) I Avm mvw`K (mZ¨ev`x) BZ¨v`x we‡kl‡Y AvL¨vwqZ KiZ| wewfbœ
mvgvwRK we‡ivwaZvq Zviv Zuvi wm×vš— I ga¨¯’Zv †g‡b wbZ|
G wel‡q KvevNi wbg©vYKv‡j nvRvi AvmIqv` ev Kvj cv_i cyb¯’vcb welqK NUbvwU D‡j­L‡hvM¨| KvevN‡ii ms¯‹vi I
cybwb©gv‡Yi c‡i cweÎ nvR&i AvmIqv`‡K KvevM„‡ni †`Iqv‡j wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b cyb¯’vcb Kivi wel‡q g°vi cÖwZwU †MvÎ wb‡R‡`i
AMÖvwaKvi `vwe K‡i| cÖ‡Z¨‡K Zvi `vwe‡Z Abo _v‡K Ges AwaKvi iv‡_© hy‡×i cÖwZÁv K‡i| g°vevmxiv GK fq¼i M„nhy‡×i
ØvicÖv‡š— DcbxZ nq| GKch©v‡q †bZ…e„›` GKgZ nb †h, cÖ_g †h e¨w³ wMwic‡_i ga¨ †_‡K Zv‡`i mvg‡b AvMgb Ki‡eb
mK‡jB Zvi wm×vš— †g‡b wb‡eb| G mg‡q gynv¤§v` (�) Z_vq Dcw¯’Z nb| Zviv mK‡jB Avbw›`Z n‡q e‡j D‡Vb, Avj-Avwgb
G‡m‡Qb! ZLb wZwb wb‡Ri Pv`iwU wewQ‡q wbR nv‡Z cv_iwU Zz‡j Pv`‡ii Dci iv‡Lb| Gici weev`gvb mKj †Mv·K AvnŸvb
K‡ib Pv`iwU Pvwiw`K †_‡K a‡i cv_iwU KvevM„‡ni wbK‡U wb‡q hvIqvi| Gici wZwb wbR nv‡Z cv_iwU Kvevi cÖvPx‡i cyb¯’vcb
K‡ib| Gfv‡e g°vevmx fq¼i M„nhy× †_‡K iv cvq| G NUbvq beyq‡Zi c~‡e©B g°vevmxi g‡a¨ ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv,
wek¦¯—Zv I Zuvi Zxè eyw×i cÖgvY cvIqv hvq| AwaKvsk HwZnvwmK GKgZ †h, G NUbvwU N‡UwQj byeyIqv‡Zi 5 ermi c~‡e, hLb
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi eqm wQj 35 ermi| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv HwZnvwmK D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, G NUbvi mgq Zuvi eqm wQj 25 ermi|
†KD †KD e‡j‡Qb †h, Zuvi wK‡kvi eq‡m G NUbvwU N‡UwQj| 188
3. 1. 2. 5. byeyIqvZ I gv°x Rxeb
40 ermi eq‡m wZwb µgvš^‡q Avj­vni Bev`Z I a¨v‡b AvMÖnx n‡q c‡ob| wZwb g°vi evB‡i †niv cvnv‡oi
¸nvq e‡m ivZw`b Avj­vni ¯§i‡Y gMœ _vK‡Zb| G eQ‡iB, A_©vr 610 L„óv‡ã ighvb gv‡m †mvgevi (Bs‡iRx AvM÷ gv‡m),
40 ermi eq‡m wZwb beyqZ cÖvß nb| Avj­vni c †_‡K wdwikZvM‡bi †bZv wReixj Avj- Avgxb (Av) Inx wb‡q †niv
cvnv‡oi ¸nvq Av‡mb Ges Zv‡K KziAvb Kvix‡gi m~iv BKivi cÖ_g K‡qK AvqvZ wkv `vb K‡ib|
Gi c‡i wZwb Avj­vni wb‡`©‡k †Mvc‡b gvbyl‡`i‡K GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`Z Kivi Rb¨ Ges Avj­vn Qvov mKj Dcvm¨‡K
cwiZ¨vM Kivi Rb¨ Avnevb Rvbv‡Z _v‡Kb| Gfv‡e wZb ermi wZwb †Mvc‡b Bmjvg cÖPvi K‡ib| G mg‡q g°vi wKQz mr I
bxwZevb hyeK Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib|
Gi ci Avj­vn Zv‡K cÖKv‡k¨ Bmjvg cÖPv‡ii wb‡`©k †`b| Zvi beyqZ cÖvwßi 4_© ermi †_‡K wZwb cÖKv‡k¨ Bmjvg
cÖPvi ïi“ K‡ib| cieZ©x cÖvq `k ermi wZwb g°vq Bmjvg cÖPv‡i iZ _v‡Kb|
Gmg‡q g~jZ wZwb gyjZ ZvInx`yj Bev`vZ ev Bev`‡Zi ZvInx‡`i `vIqvZ cÖPvi K‡ib| cvkvcvwk mZZv,
ˆbwZKZv, gvbeZv, gvbe‡mev BZ¨vw` †gŠwjK welq cvj‡bi Ges wki&K, nZ¨v, nvbvnvwb AZ¨vPvi BZ¨vw` AgvbweK Kg©
eR©‡bi Rb¨ AvnŸvb Ki‡Zb| Bmjv‡gi Ab¨vb¨ weavb †hgb, cuvP Iqv³ mvjvZ, ighv‡bi wmqvg, n¾, hvKvZ BZ¨vw`
ZL‡bv cÖewZ©Z nqwb| G¸wj wKQz g°x Rxe‡bi G‡Kev‡i †k‡l Ges evwK mKj weavb g`xbvq wnRi‡Zi c‡i AeZxY© nq|
KzivBk †bZ„e„›` K‡Vvifv‡e Zuvi G Avnevb cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Zviv Avj­vn‡K GKgvÎ mªóv, me©kw³gvb I
cÖwZcvjK wnmv‡e wek¦vm Ki‡Zb Ges Avj­vni Bev`Z KiZ| cvkvcvwk Zviv Avj­vni wcÖq I Avj­vni mv‡_ we‡kl m¤úK©hy³
ev›`v wn‡m‡e wdwikZv, †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv bex, †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv KwíZ e¨w³Z¡ I Ab¨vb¨ †`e‡`exi Bev`Z KiZ| Zviv G‡`i Bev`Z
Kiv‡K wcZvwcZvgn‡`i gva¨‡g cÖvß Beivnxg-BmvgvCj (Av)-Gi mwVK ag© e‡j wek¦vm KiZ| GRb¨ G‡`i Bev`Z cwiZ¨vM
K‡i GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡i| Avj­vn Qvov †KDB Bev`‡Zi †hvM¨ bb G K_v‡K Zviv D¢U I Aeš—i K_v
Ges hyMhyM a‡i cÖPwjZ wcZv wcZvg‡ni AvPwiZ a‡g©i Aegvbbv e‡j g‡b K‡i| Zviv wewfbœ fv‡e gnvbex gynv¤§` (�)-†K
Acgvb I AZ¨vPvi Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| Zuvi `vIqv‡Zi †hŠw³KZv LÊb Kivi †Kv‡bv gZv Zv‡`i wQj bv| Zviv eyS‡Z cv‡i †h,
Zuvi e³e¨ ïb‡j †h †Kv‡bv we‡eKevb gvbyl Zvi e³e¨ MÖnY Ki‡eB| GRb¨ Zviv gvbyl‡`i‡K Zvi †_‡K `~‡ii ivLvi Rb¨ †Póv
K‡i| Zv‡K ag©Z¨vMx, a‡g©i AegvbbvKvix, hv`yKi, Kwe BZ¨vw` e‡j gvbyl‡`i g‡b Zuvi cÖwZ N„Yv m„wói Rb¨ Zviv me©‡Zvfv‡e
†Póv K‡i|
Zv‡`i kZ AccÖPvi I evav m‡Ë¡I µ‡g Bmjv‡gi evYx gvby‡li g‡a¨ Qwo‡q co‡Z _v‡K| †ek wKQy msL¨K gvbyl Bmjvg
59

MÖnY K‡ib| ZLb KzivBk †bZ…e„›` wß n‡q D‡V| Zviv ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi Wv‡K mvov `vbKvix bI gymwjg‡`i Dci AK_¨
AZ¨Pvi wbh©vZb ïi“ K‡i| †Kv‡bv AZ¨vPvi wbh©vZb ev Acgvb-jvÃbvB gnvbex‡K m‡Z¨i Avnevb †_‡K miv‡Z cv‡i bv| wZwb
Zvi mKj AZ¨Pv‡ii g‡a¨I GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`‡Zi w`‡K gvbyl‡`i‡K Avnevb Ki‡Z _v‡Kb Ges gymwjg‡`i msL¨v evo‡Z
_v‡K| Kvwdi‡`i mxgvnxb AZ¨vPv‡ii Kvi‡Y kZvwaK gymwjg bvix I cyi“l Avwd«Kvi Bw_Iwcqvq wnRiZ K‡ib| Aewkó
AwaKvsk gymwjg ZvInx` AvK‡o a‡i g°vevmx‡`i AZ¨vPvi bxi‡e mn¨ Ki‡Z _v‡Kb|
GZ AZ¨vPv‡ii gva¨‡gI Bmjv‡gi AMÖhvÎv †iva Ki‡Z Ag n‡q g°vi mKj †MvÎ GKwÎZ n‡q mKj gymwjg Ges
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi es‡ki gvbyl‡`i mvgvwRKfv‡e eqKU I Aei“× Kivi wm×vš— MÖnY K‡i| byeyq‡Zi 7g †_‡K 10g mb
ch©š— `xN© wZb ermi ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi es‡ki gvbyl‡`i Ges gymwjg‡`i wb‡q cvnv‡oi DcZ¨vKvq Aei“× n‡q AeY©bxq
K‡ó Ae¯’vb K‡ib| G mg‡qI wZwb mva¨gZ `x‡bi `vIqvZ Ae¨vnZ iv‡Lb|
beyq‡Zi 10g erm‡i Ae‡iva †_‡K gyw³i wKQz w`b c‡i, Zuvi PvPv Avey Zvwje I Zvi wcÖqZgv ¯¿x Lvw`Rv wKQy w`‡bi
e¨eav‡b B‡š—Kvj K‡ib| Zuvi Rb¨ G wQj LyeB †e`bvgq ermi| ¯¿xi g„Zy¨‡Z wZwb Zuvi e¨v_¨v-†e`bvi wcÖqZg mv_x‡K nvivb|
Aci w`‡K PvPvi g„Zz¨‡Z wZwb mvgvwRKfv‡e Amnvq n‡q c‡ob| KviY Avey Zvwje wQ‡jb KzivBk‡`i g‡a¨ we‡kl m¤§vwbZ
†bZv| wZwb wb‡R Bmjvg MÖnY bv Ki‡jI ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K AZ¨š— fv‡jvevm‡Zb Ges KzivBk‡`i AZ¨vPvi †_‡K Zv‡K iv
Kivi †Póv Ki‡Zb| Zvi Kvi‡Y A‡bK mgq KzivBk †bZviv gnvbex‡K kvixwiKfv‡e wbh©vZb Ki‡Z mvnm †cZ bv| Avey
Zvwj‡ei g„Zy¨i c‡i KzivBk‡`i AZ¨vPvi kZ¸‡Y e„w× cvq| Zviv Zv‡K †Kv‡bvfv‡eB K_v ej‡Z w`Z bv| †Zgwbfv‡e Zvi
Wv‡K mvov w`‡q hviv Bmjvg MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb Zv‡`i cÖwZI AZ¨vPi kZ¸‡Y e„w× cvq|
GgZe¯’vq wZwb g°vi evB‡i Bmjvg cÖPv‡ii K_v wPš—v K‡ib| wZwb G eQ‡ii †kl w`‡K (kvIqvj gv‡m, 619 L„óv‡ã
†g/Ryb gv‡m) g°vi cÖvq 100 wK‡jvwgUvi c~‡e© Zv‡qd kn‡i MgY K‡ib| wZwb Zuvi wcÖq Lvw`g hvwq` web nvwimv‡K m‡½ wb‡q
cv‡q †nu‡U Zv‡q‡d MgY K‡iY| cw_g‡a¨ †h mKj †e`yBb †Mv·K wZwb †`L‡Z cvb, Zv‡`i‡K wZwb ZvInx‡`i Avnevb Rvbvb|
Zviv †KDB Zvi Avnev‡b KY©cvZ K‡i bv| wZwb Zv‡q‡d cÖvq `kw`b hver ZvInx‡`i AvnŸvb Rvbvb| wZwb Zv‡q‡di mKj
†MvÎcÖavb I mvaviY gvby‡li Kv‡Q Bmjv‡gi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| Zviv †KDB Zvi Wv‡K mvov †`q bv| eis Zviv Zv‡q‡di `yóz
†Q‡j‡`i‡K Zvi wcQ‡b †jwj‡q †`q| †Q‡jiv Zv‡q‡di c‡_ c‡_ MvjvMvwj K‡i Zuv‡K Zvwo‡q wb‡q †eovq| Dciš‘ Zviv Zuv‡K
cv_i Qz‡o gvi‡Z _v‡K| wZwb i³v³ †`‡n Zv‡qd †_‡K †ewi‡q Av‡mb Ges fMœü`‡q g°vq wd‡i Av‡mb| mKj Kó I e¨_v
†g‡b wb‡q wZwb Bmjvg cÖPv‡ii †Póv Ki‡Z _v‡Kb, hw`I g°vq Zuvi Ae¯’vb ev Bmjvg cÖPvi cÖvq Am¤¢e wQj|
Beªvwng (Av)-Gi mgq †_‡K g°vq KvevN‡ii n¾ cÖPwjZ nq| ZLb †_‡K Avi‡ei wewfbœ GjvKv †_‡K gvby‡liv
hyjnv¾ gv‡m g°vq G‡m n¾ Av`vq KiZ| hw`I cieZ©xKv‡j Zv‡`i g‡a¨ wkiK, g~wZ©c~Rv I wewfbœ mvgvwRK Ab¨vq
AbvPvi Qwo‡q c‡o, ZeyI n¾ I nvRx‡`i m¤§vb wQj Zv‡`i wek¦v‡mi Ask| Zviv n‡¾i mg‡q mKj cÖKvi gvivgvwi,
‰`wnK AZ¨vPvi‡K wbwl× g‡b KiZ| ivm~jyj­vn � n‡¾i GB my‡hv‡M †Mvc‡b g°vq AvMZ wewfbœ GjvKvi nvRx‡`i g‡a¨
Bmjvg cÖPv‡ii †Póv Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| beyq‡Zi 11k erm‡ii n¾ gvImy‡g (620 L„óv‡ãi RyjvB gv‡m) g°vi cÖvq 450
wK‡jvwgUvi Dˇii Bqvmixe (g`xbv) kn‡i †_‡K AvMZ 6 Rb hyeK nvRx ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Wv‡K mvov w`‡q Bmjvg MªnY
K‡ib| Zuviv n‡¾i c‡i †`‡k wd‡i wM‡q †mLv‡b Bmjvg cÖPvi Ki‡Z _v‡Kb|
cieZ©x erm‡i, beyq‡Zi 12k erm‡ii n¾ gImy‡g (621 L„óv‡ãi RyjvB gv‡m) g`xbvi Av‡iv K‡qKRb Bmjvg
MÖnY K‡ib| ivm~jyj­vn � Zuv‡`i mv‡_ Zvi wcÖq mvnvex gymÔAvve web DgvBi‡K g`xbvq cÖPviK wn‡m‡e †cÖiY K‡ib| Zuvi
cÖ‡Póvq g`xbvi AwaKvsk gvbyl Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib| cieZx© n¾ gImy‡g (beyq‡Zi 13k erm‡i, 622 L„óv‡ã Ryb gv‡m)
g`xbv †_‡K nvRx‡`i †h Kv‡djv Av‡m Zvi g‡a¨ 70 R‡biI †ewk wQ‡jb gymwjg| Zuviv †Mvc‡b ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mv‡_
wgwjZ n‡q Zuv‡K g°v Z¨vM K‡i g`xbvq wM‡q Ae¯’vb Kivi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| Zuviv Zuv‡K mvwe©K mn‡hvwMZv I cÖv‡Yi
wewbg‡q n‡jI Zuv‡K iv Kivi cÖwZÁv K‡ib|
3. 1. 2. 6. g`xbvq wnRiZ I gv`vbx Rxeb
G NUbvi ci ivm~jyj­vn � g°vi wbh©vwZZ gymwjg‡`i‡K g`xbvq Mgb Kivi (wnRiZ Kivi) AbygwZ †`b| g°vi
KzivBk ‡bZvMY g`xbvq Bmjv‡gi mvd‡j¨ wePwjZ nb| Zviv †h †Kv‡bv g~‡j¨ Bmjv‡gi AMÖMwZ †iva Kivi Rb¨ GK
Av‡jvPbvq wgwjZ nb| Av‡jPbvq Zviv ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K nZ¨v Kivi wm×vš— †bb|
Gmg‡q gnvb Avj­vn Zvi ivm~j (�)-†K g`xbvq wnRi‡Zi wb‡`©k †`b| KzivBk‡`i lohš¿ e¨_© K‡i wZwb g°v †_‡K
†ewi‡q c‡ob| Kvwdiiv Zv‡`i me©kw³ wb‡qvM K‡i Zv‡K Ly‡R †ei K‡i nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨, wKš‘ Zvi e¨_© nq| wZwb Zuvi
m½x Avey eK‡ii mv‡_ wZb w`b mvIi cvnv‡oi P~ovi ¸nvi g‡a¨ jywK‡q _vKvi ci g`xbvq iIqvbv †`b| byeyIq‡Zi 14k
erm‡ii mdi gv‡mi 27 Zvwi‡L (13B †m‡Þ¤^i 622 L„óv‡ã) ivm~jyj­vn � I Avey eKi g°v Z¨vM K‡ib| cÖvq `k w`b c_
Pjvi c‡i iweDj AvDqvj gv‡mi 8 Zvwi‡L (23†k †m‡Þ¤^i, 622 L„óv‡ã) wZwb g`xbvq †cuŠQvb|
wZwb g`xbvi msL¨vMwiô gymwjg‡`i wm×v‡š— g`xbvi cÖkvmwbK †bZ…Z¡ ev g`xbv iv‡óªi ivóªcÖav‡bi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY
K‡ib| g`xbvi msL¨vMwió gymwjg RbMY Ges Agymwjg I Bn~`x‡`i mv‡_ bvMwiK Pzw³i gva¨‡g wZwb iv‡óªi mKj
bvMwi‡Ki kvwš—, wbivcËv I AwaKvi wbwðZ K‡ib| wZwb g`xbvq wZwb AZ¨š— kvwš—i mv‡_ gymjgvb‡`i Bmjvg wkv w`‡q
_‡Kb| G mgq †_‡K gnvb Avj­vn Bmjv‡gi wewfbœ wewaweavb bvwhj K‡ib|
60

g°vi Kvwdiiv Zuvi mvd‡j¨ wß n‡q D‡V| Zviv wewfbœ fv‡e g`xbvi gymjgvb‡`i aŸs‡mi †Póv Ki‡Z _v‡K Ges
gymwjg‡`i Dci wewfbœfv‡e Avµgb Ki‡Z _v‡K| d‡j Avj­vn gymjgvb‡`i‡K wRnv‡`i ev hy× Kivi AbygwZ `vb K‡ib|
Kvwdi‡`i Zzjbvq msL¨vq, A‡¯¿ I gZvq bMY¨ nIqv m‡Ë¡I gnvbex Zvi wcÖq mvnvex‡`i‡K wb‡q Kvwdi‡`i gyKvwejv
K‡ib| cieZx© 8 erm‡i Dfq c‡i g‡a¨ K‡qKwU hy× msNwUZ nq| Kvwdiiv civwRZ n‡Z _v‡K| me©‡k‡l 8g wnRix
mv‡j (630 L„) ivgv`vb gv‡m ivm~jyj­vn � gymwjg evwnbx wb‡q webv i³cv‡Z g°v weRq K‡ib| g°vi Kvwdi‡`i‡K wZwb
gv K‡i †`b| Gici Avie DcØx‡ci gvby‡liv `‡j `‡j Bmjvg MÖnY Ki‡Z _v‡K| wZwb Avi‡`‡ki evB‡i cvim¨, †ivg,
wgmi, Avwewmwbqv BZ¨vw` †`‡ki kvmK‡`i‡K Bmjvg MÖn‡Yi Avnevb Rvwb‡q wPwV †j‡Lb|
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi g`xbvq wnRi‡Zi 10 erm‡ii g‡a¨ mg¯— Avie DcØxc Bmjv‡gi QvqvZ‡j ¯’vbjvf K‡i| Avi‡ei
evB‡iI Bmjv‡gi Av‡jv Qwo‡q c‡o| GB erm‡i (632 L„) ivm~jyj­vn � jvwaK m½x‡K wb‡q n¾ Av`vq K‡ib, hv we`vq
n¾ bv‡g cwiwPZ|
3. 1. 2. 7. me©‡kl ImxqZ I IdvZ
n¾ †_‡K †divi c‡i 11k wnRixi (632 L„) cÖ_g w`‡K ivm~jyj­vn � Amy¯’ n‡q c‡ob| wZwb R¡i I gv_v e¨_vq Avµvš—
nb| ivm~jyj­vn (�) mdi ev iweDj AvDqvj gv‡mi KZ ZvwiL †_‡K Amy¯’ n‡q c‡ob Ges KZ Zvwi‡L Bwš—Kvj K‡ib †m wel‡q
nv`xm kix‡d †Kv‡bviƒc D‡j­L ev Bw½Z †bB| e¯‘Z, mvnvev‡q †Kivg I ZvweqxMY Zvwi‡Li wel‡q ¸i“Z¡v‡ivc Ki‡Zb bv|
GRb¨ Zuviv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Rxe‡bi AZ¨š— †QvULvU NUbvI ¸i“‡Z¡i mv‡_ eY©bv I msiY K‡i‡Qb, wKš‘ G mKj NUbvi ZvwiL
†Kv‡bv nv`x‡m D‡j­L K‡ib wb| AMwYZ nv`x‡m Zuvi Amy¯’Zv, Amy¯’Zv- Kvjxb Ae¯’v, Kg©, Dc‡`k, Zuvi Bwš—Kvj BZ¨vw`i NUbv
we¯—vwiZ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ †Kv_vI †Kv‡bv fv‡e †Kv‡bv w`b, ZvwiL ev mgq ejv nq wb| K‡e Zuvi Amy¯’Zv ïi“ nq, KZw`b
Amy¯’ wQ‡jb, KZ Zvwi‡L Bwš—Kvj K‡ib †m wel‡q †Kv‡bv nv`x‡mB wKQz D‡j­L Kiv nq wb|
2q wnRix kZK †_‡K Zvweqx I Zvwe-Zvweqx AvwjgMY ivm~jyj­vn (�) Gi Rxe‡bi NUbvewj HwZnvwmKfv‡e w`b
ZvwiL mnKv‡i mvRv‡Z †Póv K‡ib| ZLb †_‡K gymwjg AvwjgMY G wel‡q wewfbœ gZ †ck K‡i‡Qb|
Zuvi Amy¯’Zvi ïi“ m¤ú‡K© A‡bK gZ i‡q‡Q| †KD e‡j‡Qb mdi gv‡mi †kl w`‡K Zuvi Amy¯’Zvi ïi“| †KD e‡j‡Qb
iweDj AvDqvj gv‡mi ïi“ †_‡K Zuvi Amy¯’Zvi ïi“| wØZxq wnRix kZ‡Ki cÖL¨vZ HwZnvwmK Beby BmnvK (151 wn/768 L„)
e‡jb: Òivm~jyj­vn (�) †h Amy¯’Zvq Bwš—Kvj K‡ib, †mB Amy¯’Zvi ïi“ n‡qwQj mdi gv‡mi †k‡l K‡qK ivZ _vK‡Z, A_ev
iweDj AvDqvj gv‡mi ïi“ †_‡K|Ó 189
wK evi †_‡K Zuvi Amy¯’Zvi ïi“ n‡qwQj, †m wel‡qI gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q| †KD e‡j‡Qb kwbevi, †KD e‡j‡Qb eyaevi Ges
†KD e‡j‡Qb †mvgevi Zvi Amy¯’Zvi ïi“ nq| 190
Kqw`‡bi Amy¯’Zvi c‡i wZwb Bwš—Kvj K‡ib, †m wel‡q gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q| †KD e‡j‡Qb, 10 w`b, †KD e‡j‡Qb, 12
w`b, †KD e‡j‡Qb 13 w`b, †KD e‡j‡Qb, 14 w`b Amy¯’ _vKvi c‡i ivm~jyj­vn mvj­vj­vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj­vg Bwš—Kvj
K‡ib| 191
Zuvi Idv‡Zi ZvwiL m¤ú‡K©I Abyiƒc gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q| wewfbœ mnxn nv`xm †_‡K Rvbv hvq †h, ivm~jyj­vn (�)
†mvgevi Bwš—Kvj K‡ib| 192 wKš‘ GB †mvgeviwU †Kvb& gv‡mi †Kvb& ZvwiL wQj Zv †Kv‡bv nv`x‡m ejv nq wb| mvnvex
Avãyj­vn Beby gvmE` (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, ivgv`vb gv‡mi 11 Zvwi‡L Bwš—Kvj K‡ib| 193 GB GKK eY©bvwU Qvov
gymwjg D¤§vni mKj HwZnvwmK I gynvwÏm GKgZ †h, ivm~jyj­vn (�) iweDj AvDqvj gv‡m Bwš—Kvj K‡ib| wKš‘ †Kvb&
Zvwi‡L wZwb Bwš—Kvj K‡i‡Qb Zv wb‡q gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q| Bwš—Kv‡ji ZvwiL m¤ú‡K© wØZxq wnRixi Zv‡eqx HwZnvwmKMY Ges
cieZ©x HwZnvwmKM‡Yi 4wU gZ i‡q‡Q: 1jv iweDj AvDqvj, 2iv iweDj AvDqvj, 12B iweDj AvDqvj I 13B ivweDj
AvDqvj| 194
Avgiv 12B iweDj AvDqvj‡KB ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi IdvZ w`em a‡i wb‡q Zuvi Idv‡Zi c~e©eZ©x NUbvewj mnxn
nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K D‡j­L KiwQ| nv`xm kix‡d mvnvexMY ZvwiL D‡j­L bv Ki‡jI AwaKvsk †‡Î Zuviv evi I cÖvmw½K
c~e©vci NUbvw` D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| Avgiv G mKj eY©bvi wfwˇZB NUbvewj D‡j­L Kie|
Amy¯’Zv e„w× †c‡j wZwb gmwR`-msjMœ Av‡qkv (iv)-i N‡i Ae¯’vb Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| Idv‡Zi 5 w`b Av‡M (iweDj
AvDqvj gv‡mi 8 ZvwiL) e„n¯úwZevi 195 wZwb †Mvmj K‡ib Ges wKQyUv my¯’ †eva K‡ib| ZLb wZwb gmwR‡` wM‡q wg¤^‡i e‡mb
Ges mvnvex‡`i‡K Awš—g Dc‡`k bmxnZ `vb K‡ib| GQvovI wZwb Amy¯’ Ae¯’vq evisevi wewfbœ wel‡q ImxqZ K‡ib| G mKj
Imxq‡Z wZwb ZvInx`, mvjvZ I ev›`vi n° m¤ú‡K© mZK© K‡ib| Av‡qkv (iv), Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) Ryb`ye (iv), Ave~ DevB`vn
61

Bebyj Rvi&ivn (iv) cÖgyL mvnvex wewfbœ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi B‡š—Kv‡ji 5 w`b c~‡e© Ges me©‡kl Imxq‡Zi eY©bvq e‡jb,
ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡jb:
�ﻡﹸﻜﺎـ�ﻬﹾﻨَﺃ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ �ﺩﹺﺠﺎ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﺭﻭ�ﺒﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓ ﻻَﺃ �ﺩﹺﺠﺎ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﻡﹺﻬﻴ�ﺤِﻟﺎ�ﺼ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬِﺌﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨَﺃ �ﺭﻭ�ﺒﹸﻗ �ﻥﻭﹸﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ ﻻَﺃ
�ﺭﺍ�ﺭـ�ﺸ �ﻥَﺃ ﺍﻭـ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻋﺍ�ﻭ ... ﺍﻭ�ﻌﹶﻨ�ﺼ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺭﱢﺫ�ﺤ�ﻴ ... . ﺍ�ﺩﹺﺠ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﻡﹺﻬِﺌﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨَﺃ �ﺭﻭ�ﺒﹸﻗ ﺍﻭﹸﺫﹶﺨﱠﺘﺍ ﻯ�ﺭﺎ�ﺼﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺩﻭ�ﻬ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻌﹶﻟ ... . �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻥ�ﻋ
�ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﱡﻠ�ﺼﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﹸﺜ�ﻴ�ﺤ �ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﻭ�ﺒﹸﻗ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﺘﻭ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺩﻴ�ﻋ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺒﹶﻗ ﺍﻭﹸﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘﹶﺘ ﻻ ... . �ﺩﹺﺠﺎ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﻡﹺﻬِﺌﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨَﺃ �ﺭﻭ�ﺒﹸﻗ ﺍﻭﹸﺫﹶﺨﱠﺘﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ
�ﺩﹺﺠﺎ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﻡﹺﻬِﺌﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨَﺃ �ﺭﻭ�ﺒﹸﻗ ﺍﻭﹸﺫﹶﺨﱠﺘﺍ ﹴﻡ�ﻭﹶﻗ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﻀﹶﻏ �ﺩﹶﺘﹾﺸﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﺎﹰﻨﹶﺜ�ﻭ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺒﹶﻗ ْل�ﻌ�ﺠﹶﺘ ﻻ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠﻟﺍ ... ﻲ�ﻨﹸﻐﹸﻠ�ﺒﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﺘﻼ�ﺼ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ
ÔÔ†Zvgiv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q †kvb! †Zvgv‡`i c~e©eZ©x RvwZmg~‡ni gvby‡liv Zv‡`i bexMY I IjxM‡Yi Kei‡K gmwR`
(Bev`ZMvn) evwb‡q wbZ| †Zvgiv mveavb! †Zvgiv KL‡bv Kei‡K gmwR` evwb‡q †b‡e bv, wbðqB Avwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K wb‡la
KiwQ GB KvR †_‡K|Ó ...
ÔÔAvj­vn jvbZ-Awfkvc cÖ`vb K‡ib Bû`x I L„÷vb‡`i Dci, Zviv Zv‡`i bexM‡Yi Kei‡K gmwR` evwb‡q
wb‡qwQj|ÕÕ GK_v e‡j wZwb Zuvi D¤§Z‡K Abyiƒc Kg© †_‡K mveavb KiwQ‡jb| .... ÔÔ†Zvgiv †R‡b ivL, wbðq me‡P‡q
Lvivc gvbyl ZvivB hviv Zv‡`i bex‡`i Kei gmwR` evwb‡q †bq|ÕÕ ... ÔÔ†Zvgiv Avgvi Kei‡K B` (B`Mvn ev wbqwgZ
mgv‡e‡ki ¯’vb) evwbI bv, Avi †Zvgv‡`i Avevm¯’j‡K Kei evwb‡q wbIbv| †Zvgiv †hLv‡bB _vK bv †Kb Avgvi Dci
mvjvZ (`i“`) cvV Ki‡e, KviY †Zvgv‡`i mvjvZ Avgvi Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q hv‡e|ÕÕ ÔÔ†n Avj­vn, Avgvi Kei‡K c~wRZ `ªe¨ ev
c~R¨-¯’v‡bi gZ evwb‡q w`‡eb bv hvi Bev`Z Kiv n‡e, Avj­vni †µva KwVbZi †nvK †m mKj gvby‡li Dci hviv Zv‡`i
bexM‡Yi Kei¸wj‡K gmwR` evbvq|Ó 196
GZw`b ch©š— Amy¯’Zv m‡Ë¡I wZwb wbqwgZ Rvgv‡Z mvjv‡Zi BgvgwZ KiwQ‡jb| e„n¯úwZevi (8B iwe. AvDqvj)
gvMwi‡ei mvjv‡ZI wZwb BgvgwZ K‡ib| Gici Zuvi Amy¯’Zv e„w× cvq| wZwb gmwR‡` †h‡Z mg nb bv| ZLb wZwb Avey eKi
(iv)-†K BgvgwZ Kivi wb‡`©k †`b|
Zuvi Amy¯’Zv e„w× †c‡Z _v‡K| wZwb G mg‡q evievi ejwQ‡jb:
62
�ﻡﹸﻜﹸﻨﺎ�ﻤ�ﻴَﺃ ﹾﺕﹶﻜﹶﻠ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ( ﹶﺓﻼ�ﺼﻟﺍ
) ﹶﺓﻼ�ﺼﻟﺍ
ÔÔmvjvZ! mvjv‡Zi wel‡q mveavb! (†Kv‡bviƒc Ae‡njv Ki‡e bv) Ges †Zvgv‡`i `vm-`vmx‡`i (Aaxb¯’M‡Yi) wel‡q
mveavb!Ó 197
†mvgevi w`b (12B iweDj AvDqvj, 632 L„÷v‡ãi Ryb gv‡mi 5/6 ZvwiL) w`e‡mi cÖ_g w`‡K- w`cÖn‡ii c~‡e©-
wZwb Zuvi ¯¿x Av‡qkvi (iv) †Kv‡j gv_v †i‡L ï‡q wQ‡jb| G mg‡q wZwb †gmIqvK K‡ib Ges g„`y¯^‡i wKQy ej‡Z _v‡Kb|
Av‡qkv Zvi gy‡Li Kv‡Q Kvb wb‡q ïb‡Z cvb wZwb ej‡Qb: ÒZv‡`i mv‡_, hv‡`i‡K Avcwb †bqvgZ `vb K‡i‡Qb, bexivm~jMY,
wmwÏKMY, knx`MY, mrKg©kxjMY| †n Avj­vn, Avcwb Avgv‡K gv Ki“b, Avgv‡K ingZ Ki“b, m‡e©v”P mygnvb
m½x‡`i mv‡_ Avgv‡K wgwjZ K‡i w`b| †n Avj­vn mygnvb m½x‡`i mv‡_ Avgv‡K wgwjZ K‡i w`b| †n Avj­vn mygnvb
m½x‡`i mv‡_ Avgv‡K wgwiZ K‡i w`b|ÕÕ Gici wZwb B‡š—Kvj K‡ib| Bbœvwjj­v‡n Iqv Bbœv BjvBwn ivwRDb| g„Zz¨i mgq
Zvi eqm wQj 63 ermi|
Zvi g„Zz¨i msev‡` †kv‡K wenŸj n‡q c‡ob mvnvexiv| cÖPÊ †kv‡K ¯^vfvweK Ávb nvwi‡q †d‡jb †KD †KD| Zuvi
IdvZ n‡Z cv‡i- G K_v gvb‡Z †KD †KD A¯^xKvi K‡ib| G wel‡q Av‡qkv (iv) e‡jb:
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ : �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻋ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ : ﹾﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻗ ،�
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ : ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻡﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹺﺢﹾﻨ�ﺴﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﹴﺭﹾﻜ�ﺒ ﻭ�ﺒَﺃ�ﻭ ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻥﺇ
� �ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِلﻭـ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻋ ﹶﻑﹶﺸﹶﻜﹶﻓ ﹴﺭﹾﻜ�ﺒ ﻭ�ﺒَﺃ �ﺀﺎ�ﺠﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻠ�ﺠ�ﺭ َﺃ�ﻭ ٍلﺎ�ﺠﹺﺭ �ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻴَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻌﹶﻁﹾﻘ�ﻴﹶﻠﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻨﹶﺜ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﻴﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻙﺍﹶﺫ ﻻِﺇ ﻲ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻊﹶﻘ�ﻴ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ
ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹸﻑِﻟﺎ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﺝ�ﺭﹶﺨ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺒَﺃ ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﺘﹶﺘ�ﻭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻙﹸﻘﻴ�ﺫ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻴﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﺎﹰﺘ�ﻴ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻴ�ﺤ ﹶﺕ�ﺒ�ﻁ ﻲ�ﻤُﺃ�ﻭ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ ﻲﹺﺒَﺄﹺﺒ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪﹶﻠ�ﺒﹶﻘﹶﻓ
ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ � ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻻَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻰﹶﻨﹾﺜَﺃ�ﻭ ﹴﺭﹾﻜ�ﺒ ﻭ�ﺒَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤﹶﻓ �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﺱﹶﻠ�ﺠ ﹴﺭﹾﻜ�ﺒ ﻭ�ﺒَﺃ �ﻡﱠﻠﹶﻜﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻠﹶﻓ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﺴﹺﺭ
�ﻥـ�ﻤ ﹾﺕـﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﺩﹶﻗ ٌلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﻻِﺇ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ) : َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ ،(
�ﻥﻭﹸﺘ�ﻴ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ ﹲﺕ�ﻴ�ﻤ �ﻙﱠﻨِﺇ ) : َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﹸﺕﻭ�ﻤ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻲ�ﺤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻱﹺﺯ�ﺠ�ﻴـ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴـﹶﺸ �ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺭـ�ﻀ�ﻴ �ﻥﹶﻠﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﻴ�ﺒ�ﻘ�ﻋ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺏ�ﻠﹶﻘﹾﻨ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹺﺒﺎﹶﻘ�ﻋَﺃ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﺒﹶﻠﹶﻘﹾﻨﺍ َل�ﺘﹸﻗ �ﻭَﺃ ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓَﺃ ُل�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﻴ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺞﹶﺸﹶﻨﹶﻓ َلﺎﹶﻗ .( �ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻜﺎﱠﺸﻟ ﺍ
Òivm~jyj­vn � hLb g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib ZLb Ave~ evK&i (iv) (g`xbvi cÖvš—‡i) myb&n bvgK ¯’v‡b wQ‡jb| ZLb Dgvi (iv)
`uvwo‡q e‡jb: Avj­vni Kmg, ivm~jyj­vn � g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib wb|, Av‡qkv (iv) e‡jb, Dgvi (iv) e‡jb, Avj­vni Kmg, Avgvi
g‡b G Qvov Ab¨ wKQzB Av‡m wb| wbwðq Avj­vn Zv‡K DVv‡eb Ges wZwb (hviv Zuvi g„Zz¨ n‡q‡Q e‡j `vwe Ki‡Q) †m mKj
gvby‡li n¯—c` KZ©b Ki‡eb| ZLb Ave~ evK&i (iv) AvMgb K‡ib| wZwb (Av‡qkvi N‡ii g‡a¨ iwZ) ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi

gyeviK †`‡ni Dci †_‡K Kvco mwi‡q Zuv‡K Pzgy Lvb Ges e‡jb: Avgvi wcZvgvZv Avcbvi Rb¨ Kzievwb †nvb, Avcwb RxweZ
I g„Z Dfq Ae¯’vq cweÎ I gnvb| hvi nv‡Z Avgvi Rxeb Zuvi Kmg, Avj­vn Avcbv‡K KL‡bvB `y evi g„Zz¨i ¯^v` MÖnY
Kiv‡eb bv| Gici wZwb evB‡i †ewi‡q G‡m (Dgvi‡K m‡¤^vab K‡i) e‡jb, †n KmgKvix, GKUz kvš— nI! hLb Ave~ evK&i
(iv) K_v ej‡Z ïi“ Ki‡jb, ZLb Dgvi (iv) e‡m co‡jb| ZLb Ave~ evK&i Avj­vni cÖksmv Ges ¸YeY©bv Ki‡jb Ges
ej‡jb, ï‡b ivL! hviv gynv¤§v‡`i (�) Bev`Z KiZ (Zviv RvbyK †h,) gynv¤§v` (�) g„Zz¨eiY K‡i‡Qb| Avi hviv Avj­vni
Bev`Z KiZ (Zviv RvbyK †h,) Avj­vn wPiÄxe, wZwb g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib bv| Ges wZwb (KziAv‡bi AvqvZ DׄZ K‡i) e‡jb 198 :
ÒZzwg †Zv giYkxj Ges ZvivI giYkxjÓ, Ges e‡jb 199 : Ògynv¤§v` GKRb ivm~j gvÎ; Zvi c~‡e© eû ivm~j MZ n‡q‡Q| myZivs
hw` †m gviv hvq A_ev wbnZ nq Z‡e wK †Zvgiv c„ô cÖ`k©b Ki‡e? Ges †KD c„ô cÖ`k©b Ki‡j †m KL‡bv Avj­vni wZ
Ki‡e bv, eis Avj­vn kxNÖB K…ZÁw`M‡K cyi¯‹…Z Ki‡eb|Ó ZLb gvby‡liv Av‡eMvc­yZ n‡q †Ku‡` D‡Vb|Ó 200
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wb‡`©kbv Abymv‡i Av‡qkv (iv)-Gi N‡ii g‡a¨ †hLv‡b ivm~jyj­vn � B‡š—Kvj K‡ib †mLv‡bB Zuv‡K
`vdb Kivi wm×vš— MÖnY Kiv nq| ciw`b g½jevi (13B iweDj AvDqvj) D³ N‡ii g‡a¨ Zuv‡K †Mvmj Kivb nq Ges
Kvdb civb nq| Gici mvnvexMY Zuvi Rvbvhvi bvgvh Av`vq K‡ib| GKK e„nr Rvgv‡Z Rvbvhv nq wb| mvnvexMY †QvU
†QvU `‡j wef³ n‡q D³ M„‡ni g‡a¨ cÖ‡ek K‡i Rvbvhvi mvjvZ Av`vq K‡i †ewi‡q hvb| Gfv‡e g½jevi mvivw`b †K‡U
hvq| g½jevi w`bMZ iv‡Z ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K `vdb Kiv nq|
Av‡qkvi (iv) GB evwowUi AvqZb wQj Kg‡ewk 16 nvZ X 8 nvZ| A_©vr ,Zuvi cy‡iv evwowU wQj 300 eM©dz‡UiI
Kg RvqMv| D”PZv wQj cÖvq 4/5 nvZ| evwowU `yB As‡k wef³ wQj| gmwR` msjMœ 6/7 nvZ cÖk¯— AskUzKz emvi ¯’vb
wnmv‡e e¨eüZ n‡Zv| wcQ‡bi AskUzKz (10 nvZ X 8 nvZ) kqb I Ae¯’v‡bi Ni ev †eWi“g| GB N‡ii g‡a¨ (10 nvZ
j¤^v I 8 nvZ PIov) ivm~jyj­vn � -†K `vdb Kiv nq| `vd‡bi c‡iI Av‡qkv (iv.) †mLv‡b emevm Ki‡Zb| Avi †Kv‡bv
emZevwo Zuvi wQj-bv| cieZ©x Kv‡j Ave~ evKi (iv) I Dgvi (iv)-†KI GB N‡ii g‡a¨B `vdb Kiv nq| GB N‡ii g‡a¨
Kei¸wji cv‡kB Av‡qkv (iv.) cÖvq 50 ermi Rxebhvc‡bi ci 58 wnRix‡Z gyqvweqvi (iv.) kvmbvg‡j B‡š—Kvj
K‡ib| 201
3. 1. 2. 8. AvqvZ I gywRhv
gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi †cÖwiZ bex I ivm~jM‡Yi gva¨‡g wKQy A‡jŠwKK ev A¯^vfvweK Kg© m¤úv`b Kiv‡Zb hv mvaviY
gvby‡li mv‡a¨i evB‡i| G mKj Kg© Zv‡`i beyq‡Zi `vexi mZ¨Zv cÖgvY KiZ| †Kv‡bv bex g„Z‡K RxweZ K‡i‡Qb, †KD
R¡jš— AwMœKz‡Ê wbivc‡` ‡_‡K‡Qb| KziAvb I nv`x‡m G mKj Kg©‡K AvqvZ, wb`k©b ev wPý ejv n‡q‡Q| cieZ©x hy‡Mi
cwifvlvq G¸wj‡K gyÕwRhv ejv nq| Gwel‡q Avgiv cieZ©x‡Z we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kie, Bbkv Avj­vn|
ivm~jyj­vn �-†K Avj­vn A‡bK ÔAvqvZÕ ev gywRhv `vb K‡iwQ‡jb| Ab¨vb¨ mKj bexi gywRhv wQj ZvrwYK| A_©vr
Zuvi mg‡qi gvby‡liv Zv cÖZ¨ K‡i‡Qb, †KD †KD Cgvb G‡b‡Q, †KD Awek¦vm K‡i‡Qb| cieZ©x hvgvbvi gvby‡liv Zv
cÖZ¨ Kivi my‡hvM cvb wb| Zuviv ïaygvÎ G mKj gywRhvi K_v c‡o‡Qb ev ï‡b‡Qb|
†h‡nZz gynv¤§v` (�) me©Kv‡ji mKj gvby‡li Rb¨ bex wn‡m‡e †cÖwiZ n‡q‡Qb, ZvB Avj­vn Zuv‡K GKwU wPi¯’vqx
gywRhv `vb K‡i‡Qb, Zv n‡jv cweÎ KziAvb| Avj­vn KziAvb bvwhj K‡i ZrKvjxb Avie‡`i‡K KziAv‡bi †QvU GKwU m~ivi
AbyKi‡Y GKwU m~iv wj‡L †ck Ki‡Z Avnevb K‡ib| Zviv Zv‡Z Ag nq|
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, gynv¤§v` (�)-‡K ¯—ã Ki‡Z Ges Bmjv‡gi AMÖhvÎv †iva Ki‡Z g°vi KvwdiMY wb‡R‡`i Rxeb I
m¤ú` evwR †i‡L‡Q| A_P Zv‡`i Rb¨ LyeB mnR wQj †h, KziAv‡bi GB P¨v‡jÄwU MÖnY K‡i KziAv‡bi GKwU †QvÆ m~ivi Abyiƒc
m~iv iPbv K‡i Rbmg‡ Dcw¯’Z K‡i `vwe Kiv †h, GB †`L Avgiv gynv¤§v‡`i P¨v‡jÄ MÖnY K‡i Zvi Reve w`‡qwQ| †h‡nZz
RbgZ wQj Zv‡`i c‡ Ges AwaKvsk gvbylB Zv‡`i g‡Zi wQj †m‡nZz †gvUvgywU KvQvKvwQ GKwU m~iv ˆZwi K‡iB Zvi ˆn ‰P
Ki‡Z cviZ Ges Zv‡`i c‡i gvbyl‡`i g‡bvej †Rvi`vi Ki‡Z cviZ| wKš‘ KL‡bvB Zvi G P¨v‡jÄ MÖnY K‡i wb| KviY Zviv
RvbZ †h, G‡Z Zv‡`i c‡i Avie‡`i mvg‡bB Zv‡`i AmnvqZ¡ I AgZv cÖKvk †c‡q hv‡e Ges Bmjv‡gi cÖPvi e„w× cv‡e|
KziAv‡bi fvlvi b¨vq Gi ÁvbI gywRhv| ˆeÁvwbK bZzb bZzb Avwe®‹v‡ii mv‡_ mv‡_ cÖwZ hy‡MB gvbe RvwZ
KziAv‡bi bZzb bZzb gywRhv Rvb‡Z †c‡i‡Qb| AvaywbK hy‡MI †h mKj Agymwjg ˆeÁvwbK, M‡elK ev cwÊZ KziAvb
Aa¨qb Ki‡Qb ZviI ¯^xKvi Ki‡Qb †h GB MÖš’ †Kv‡bv gvby‡li iwPZ bq, eis Zv gnvb mªóv Avj­vni c †_‡K †cÖwiZ|
†KD Zv‡Z Cgvb G‡b‡Qb, †KD Gwo‡q wM‡q‡Qb| G fv‡e wKqvgZ ch©š— mKj hy‡Mi gvbyl bZzbfv‡e GB wPi¯’vqx gywRhvi
gva¨‡g ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi beyq‡Zi mZ¨Zv eyS‡Z cvi‡e|
GQvov gnvb Avj­vn ivm~jyj­vn �-†K Av‡iv A‡bK gywRhv `vb K‡iwQ‡jb hv Zuvi mgmgwqK gvby‡liv cÖZ¨ K‡i‡Qb| G
mKj gywRhvi g‡a¨ wKQz gywRhvi weeiY KziAv‡b i‡q‡Q| Ab¨vb¨ gywRhvi weeiY nv`xm †_‡K Rvbv hvq| KziAv‡b Dwj­wLZ
63

gywRhv¸wji g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg `ywU gywRhv:
(1) Bmiv I wgÕivR: A‡jŠwKKfv‡e ivwÎågb I EaŸ©Mgb
gnvb Avj­vn KziAv‡b m~iv ebx BmivC‡j e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻪـﱠﻨِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺘﺎ�ﻴَﺁ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻴﹺﺭﹸﻨِﻟ �ﻪﹶﻟ�ﻭ�ﺤ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻜ�ﺭﺎ�ﺒ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﻰ�ﺼﹾﻗَﻷﺍ �ﺩﹺﺠ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﹺﻡﺍ�ﺭ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺩﹺﺠ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻼ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌﹺﺒ ﻯ�ﺭ�ﺴَﺃ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥﺎ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴ
�ﺭﻴ�ﺼ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﻊﻴ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ
�ﻭ�ﻫ
ÒcweÎ I gwngvgq wZwb whwb Zuvi ev›`v‡K iRbx‡hv‡M ågb Kwi‡q‡Qb gmwR`yj nvivg (g°vi gmwR`) †_‡K
gmwR`yj AvKmv (whiƒkv‡j‡gi gmwR`) ch©š—, hvi cwi‡ek Avwg K‡iwQjvg eiKZgq, Zv‡K Avgvi wb`k©b †`Lvevi
Rb¨|Ó 202
Ab¨Î m~iv bvR‡g Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﻰﹶﺸﹾﻐ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹶﺓ�ﺭ�ﺩ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﺸﹾﻐ�ﻴ ﹾﺫِﺇ ﻯ�ﻭْﺄ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﺔﱠﻨ�ﺠ ﺎ�ﻫ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﻰ�ﻬﹶﺘﹾﻨ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺓ�ﺭ�ﺩ�ﺴ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﻯ�ﺭﹾﺨُﺃ ﹰﺔﹶﻟ�ﺯﹶﻨ �ﻩَﺁ�ﺭ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﻯ�ﺭ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﹶﻨﻭ �ﺭﺎ�ﻤﹸﺘﹶﻓَﺃ
ﻯ�ﺭ�ﺒﹸﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺕﺎ�ﻴَﺁ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻯَﺃ�ﺭ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ ﻰﹶﻐﹶﻁ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﺼ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﹶﻍﺍ�ﺯ ﺎ�ﻤ
Ò†m (gynv¤§v` �) hv †`‡L‡Q †Zvgiv wK †m wel‡q Zvi mv‡_ weZK© Ki‡e? wbk¦qB †m Zv‡K (wReixj‡K)
Av‡iKevi †`‡LwQj| wm`ivZzj gybZvnv-i (cÖvš—eZ©x e`ix e„‡i) wbKU| hvi wbKU Aew¯’Z RvbœvZzj gvÔIqv (Ae¯’v‡bi
RvbœvZ)| hLb e„wU hØviv Av”Qvw`Z nevi ZØviv wQj Av”Qvw`Z| Zvi `„wó weåg nq wb, `„wó j¨Pz¨ZI nq wb| †m †Zv
Zvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki gnvb wb`k©bvewj †`‡LwQj|Ó 203
G mKj AvqvZ Ges eûmsL¨K mnxn nv`xm cÖgvY K‡i †h, ivm~jyj­vn � RvMÖZ Ae¯’vq mkix‡i wgiv‡R Mgb K‡ib|
wewfbœ mnxn nv`xm †_‡K Zv my¯úófv‡eB cÖgvwYZ| Avi Ôev›`vÕ ej‡Z AvZ¥v I †`‡ni mgwš^Z gvbyl‡KB eySv‡bv nq| gnvb
Avj­vn e‡jb: ÒZzwg wK Zv‡K †`‡LQ, †h evav †`q GK ev›`v‡K, hLb †m mvjvZ Av`vq K‡i?Ó 204 Ab¨Î m~iv wRbœ-Gi g‡a¨ wZwb
e‡jb: ÒAvi GB †h, hLb Avj­vni ev›`v Zuv‡K WvKvi Rb¨ `Êvqgvb n‡jv ZLb Zviv Zvi wbKU wfo Rgv‡jv|Ó 205 wbtm‡›`‡n
Dc‡ii `yB ¯’v‡bB Ôev›`vÕ ej‡Z †`n I AvZ¥vi mgwš^Z e¨w³‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| G‡_‡K wbwðZ nIqv hvq †h, GLv‡bI Ôev›`vÕ
ej‡Z †`n I AvZ¥vi mgwš^Z e¨w³‡KB iRbx‡hv‡M ågb Kiv‡bvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q|
GQvov Avgiv Rvwb †h, KvwdiMY Bmiv I wgÕivR (ˆbkågb I EaŸ©v‡ivnb) A¯^xKvi K‡i Ges G‡K Am¤¢e e‡j `vwe
K‡i| GQvov ivm~jyj­vn � hLb wgiv‡Ri K_v ej‡jb ZLb KwZcq `ye©j Cgvb gymwjg G‡K Am¤¢e g‡b K‡i ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi
beyq‡Zi wel‡q m›`xnvb n‡q Bmjvg cwiZ¨vM K‡i| G †_‡K wbwðZiƒ‡c Rvbv hvq †h, ivm~jyj­vn � RvMÖZ Ae¯’vq ˆ`wnKfv‡e
wgivR msNwUZ nIqvi K_vB e‡jwQ‡jb| bB‡j Kvwdi‡`i A¯^xKvi Kivi I `ye©j Cgvb gymwjg‡`i Cgvb nviv‡bvi †Kv‡bv KviYB
_v‡K bv| ¯^‡cœ Giƒc ˆbkågb ev ¯^M©v‡ivnY †Kv‡bv Am¤¢e ev Aev¯—e welq bq Ges Giƒc ¯^cœ †`Lvi `vwe Ki‡j Zv‡Z AevK
nIqvi gZ wKQz _v‡K bv| hw` †KD `vwe K‡i †h, Ny‡gi g‡a¨ †m GKevi c„w_exi c~e©cÖv‡š— Ges GKevi c„w_exi cwðg cÖv‡š— P‡j
wM‡q‡Q, Z‡e Zvi †`n ¯^¯’v‡bB i‡q‡Q Ges ˆ`wnK Ae¯’vi cwieZ©b nq wb, Z‡e †KD Zvi Giƒc ¯^cœ †`Lvi m¤¢vebv A¯^xKvi
Ki‡e bv ev G‡Z AevKI n‡e bv|
AvaywbK weÁvb mywbwðZfv‡e cÖgvY K‡i‡Q †h, RvMÖZ Ae¯’vq mkix‡ii Giƒc A‡jŠwKK ˆbkågb I EaŸ©v‡ivnY
Am¤¢e bq| wgÕiv‡Ri NUbvevwji g‡a¨ Av‡iv A‡bK ˆeÁvwbK gywRhvi mÜvb †c‡q‡Qb AvaywbK weÁvbxiv|
(2) P›`ª LwÊZ Kiv
g°vi KvwdiMY ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Kv‡Q A‡jŠwKK wb`k©b `vwe K‡i| ZLb iwÎ †ejvq Zuvi Bkvivq c~wY©gvi Puv`
wØLwÊZ n‡q hvq| wKQz c‡i Avevi Zv GKwÎZ nq| G wel‡q Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺭ�ﻤﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﺭ�ﺤ�ﺴ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﺍﻭ�ﻀﹺﺭ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﹰﺔ�ﻴَﺁ ﺍ�ﻭ�ﺭ�ﻴ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﻤﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﱠﻕﹶﺸﹾﻨﺍ�ﻭ ﹸﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﺕ�ﺒ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﻗﺍ
ÒwKqvgZ wbKUeZ©x n‡q‡Q Ges P›`ª we`xY© n‡q‡Q| Zviv †Kv‡bv wb`k©b (A‡jŠwKK wPý) †`L‡j gyL wdwi‡q †bq Ges
e‡j, G †Zv wPivPwiZ hv`y|Ó 206
wewfbœ mnxn nv`x‡m P›`ª we`xY© nIqvi NUbvwU ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| eyLvix, gymwjg I Ab¨vb¨ mnxn nv`x‡mi MÖ‡š’ Avãyj­vn
Beby gvmE` (iv), Avãyj­vn Beby Dgvi (iv), Avãyj­vn Beby AveŸvm (iv), Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv), RyevBi Beby gyZwqg (iv)
I ûhvBdv Bebyj Bqvgvb GB 6 Rb mvnvex †_‡K cÖvq 20wU c„_K mb‡` G welqK nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| AvwjgMY G
welqK nv`xm¸wj‡K gyZvIqvwZi e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb|
G Qvov Av‡iv AMwYZ AvqvZ ev gywRhv gyZvIqvwZi I Avnv` nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| †m¸wji we¯—vwiZ ZvwjKvi Rb¨B
64

c„_K cy¯—‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb| Zuvi `yÔAvq Lv‡`¨ A‡jŠwKK eiK‡Zi NUbv N‡U‡Q AMwYZevi| mvgvb¨ K‡qKwU i“wU Øviv kZvwaK gvbyl
Z…wßi mv‡_ Avnvi K‡i‡Qb| mvgvb¨ Ava AvRjv cvwbi g‡a¨ wZwb nvZ ivL‡j AvOy‡ji ga¨ †_‡K cvwbi SY©v †ei nq hv‡Z K‡qK
nvRvi gvby‡li GK wekvj evwnbxi mK‡jB Ihy-‡Mvmj I cvwb cvb K‡ib| Zuvi `yÔAvq g„Z SY©vq cvwbi mÂvi nq, gvÎ `y cvÎ
cvwb †_‡K nvRvi nvRvi cvÎ c~Y© Kiv nq, A‡jŠwKKfv‡e e„wócvZ nq, dmj A‡jŠwKKfv‡e e„w× cvq| e„ Zuvi wb‡`©‡k cvjb
K‡i, K_v e‡j I mv¨ †`q| ﮋ †LRy‡ii ¸wo Zuvi Rb¨ gvbe wkïi b¨vq µ›`b K‡i| Zuvi `yÔAvq AÜ `„wókw³ cÖvß nq,
g„Zz¨c_hvÎx †ivMx Av‡ivM¨ jvf K‡ie, evKkw³nxb K_v e‡j, cvMj my¯’ nq|
Zuvi A‡jŠwKK wb`k©b ev gywRhvi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg Zuvi fwel¨ØvYxmg~n| wZwb Zuvi wb‡Ri m¤ú‡K©, Zuvi wewfbœ mvnvex
m¤ú‡K©, gvbeRvwZi fwel¨r m¤ú‡K© AmsL¨ fwel¨revYx K‡i‡Qb, hv Zvi RxeÏkvq I Zvi c‡i cwic~Y©iƒ‡c ev¯—evwqZ
n‡q‡Q| 207
3. 1. 2. 9. AvK…wZ I cÖK…wZ
ivm~jyj­vn (�) gvSvwi AvK…wZi wQ‡jb| wZwb †eu‡U wQ‡jb bv, Avevi AwZwi³ j¤^vI wQ‡jb b| Zuvi Kuva cÖk¯—, gv_v eo,
nvZ-cv‡qi Av½yj¸‡jv †cŠi“l cÖKvkK I k³ Ges gyL eo wQj| Zuvi Pz wQj AvKl©Yxqfv‡e eo Ges dvov| Zuvi kix‡ii is wQj
dimv, my›`i wKQyUv jvj‡P wgwkªZ mv`v| Zuvi †Pnviv †gveviK wQj c~wY©gvi Puv‡`i gZ my›`i I g‡bgy»Ki|
Zuvi gv_v fiv Kvj Pzj wQj| Zuvi Pzj †ekx †KuvKovb ev GKev‡i †mvRv wQj bv, mvgvb¨ †KuvKovb wQj| Zuvi myweb¨¯—
Pzj mvaviYZ Zuvi Kvb ch©š— j¤^v ‡b‡g AvmZ| wZwb n¾-Igiv Qvov KL‡bv gv_v gyÊb Ki‡Zb bv| B‡š—Kv‡ji c~‡e©I Zvi
Pzj I `vwo Kvj wQj| mvgvb¨ 15/20wU Pzj mv`v n‡qwQj|
wZwb `„p cv‡q eo eo c`‡‡c `ª“Z nuvU‡Zb, Ggbfv‡e †h Zv‡K ‡`‡L g‡b nZ wZwb Xvjy hwg‡bi DuPz †_‡K bxPz‡Z
bvg‡Qb Ges c`‡‡ci mv‡_ mv‡_ mvg‡b Sz‡K co‡Qb|
wZwb RvMwZK PvKwPK¨ I wejvwmZv †_‡K wb‡R‡K `~‡i ivL‡Zb| Lye mvgvb¨ Lv`¨ †L‡Zb| KL‡bv KL‡bv gv‡mi ci gvm
Zuvi N‡i wKQyB ivbœv nZ bv| ïaygvÎ 2/1wU †LRyi I cvwb ‡L‡qB w`b KvUv‡Zb| †gngvb‡`i mv‡_ wZwb KL‡bv †cUf‡i Lvb wb|
wZwb LvIqvi mg‡q mvaviYZ wZbwU Av½yj e¨envi Ki‡Zb Ges LvIqvi c‡i Av½yj¸‡jv †P‡U wb‡Zb| wZwb mvaviY †LRy‡ii
†Qveovi weQvbvq ï‡Zb| wZwb Wvb w`‡K KvZ n‡q, Wvb nv‡Zi Zvjy Zvi Wvb Mv‡ji bx‡P †i‡L Nygv‡Zb|
g`xbvi Rxe‡b wZwb wQ‡jb gymwjg iv‡óªi cÖavb| mKj hy×jä m¤ú‡`i GK-cÂgvsk Avj­vn Zuvi Rb¨ wba©viY K‡i
†`b| d‡j Avj­vni wb‡`©k Abymv‡iB cÖPzi m¤ú` Zuvi gvwjKvbvq AvmZ| wKš‘ wZwb wb‡Ri Rb¨ UvKv cqmv wb‡Ri Kv‡Q
ivL‡Zb bv| meB wZwb wewj‡q w`‡Zb| Zvi B‡š—Kv‡ji Av‡M Zvi Kv‡Q gvÎ 7wU w`invg wQj hv wZwb wewj‡q †`Iqvi
wb‡`©k †`b| Zvi e¨env‡ii eg©wUI wZwb B‡š—Kv‡ji wKQyw`b c~‡e© GK Bû`xi Kv‡Q 30 mv (cÖvq 90 wK‡jvMÖvg) M‡gi
wewbg‡q eÜK iv‡Lb, hv wZwb B‡š—Kv‡ji Av‡M Avi Qvwo‡q Avb‡Z cv‡ib wb| B‡š—Kv‡ji mgq wZwb †Kv‡bv bM` UvKv
cqmv †i‡L hvb wb| mvgvb¨ wKQy †LRy‡ii evMvb Zvi wQj| wZwb IwmqZ K‡ib †h Zvi g„Zz¨i c‡i Zvi cwiZ¨³ m¤úwË
mv`Kvn ev IqvKd `vb e‡j nY¨ n‡e, Zv Iqvwik‡`i g‡a¨ ewÈZ n‡e bv|
wZwb myMwÜ LyeB cQ›` Ki‡Zb| wZwb me©`v myMwÜ e¨envi Ki‡Zb| †KD Zuv‡K myMwÜ Dcnvi w`‡j Zv KL‡bv †diZ w`‡Zb bv|
wZwb K_v ej‡Zb ax‡i Ges cÖwZwU kã my¯úófv‡e D”PviY Ki‡Zb| wZwb KL‡bv D”Pk‡ã nvm‡Zb bv| me©`v wZwb
g„`y nvm‡Zb| wZwb mevi mv‡_ nvwmgy‡L wgwjZ n‡Zb| Kv‡iv mv‡_ K_v ej‡j wZwb Zuvi †`n I gyLgÊj cy‡ivcywi Zvi w`‡K
wdwi‡q Ggbfv‡e g‡bv‡hvM I m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ K_v ej‡Zb †h, Zuvi mv‡_ †hB K_v ejZ †mB Abyfe KiZ †h, †m ivm~jyj­vn
(�)-Gi wbKU AZ¨š— m¤§vwbZ I wcÖq|
wZwb Abvwej nvwm Zvgvkv cQ›` Ki‡Zb| wKš‘ KL‡bvB wZwb nvwm Zvgvkvi Rb¨ Ggb K_v ej‡Zb bv hvi g‡a¨
wg_¨vi †jkgvÎ i‡q‡Q| cvwievwiK Rxe‡b wZwb Zuvi ¯¿x-cwiRb‡`i‡K AZ¨š— fvjevm‡Zb| cvwievwiK gZ‡f‡` K_v
KvUvKvwU‡Z Zv‡`i cÖwZev`, AvcwË nvwmgy‡L bxi‡e ïb‡Zb| wZwb wb‡Ri Kvco wb‡R cwi¯‹vi Ki‡Zb, wb‡Ri QvMj wb‡R
†`vnb Ki‡Zb, wb‡Ri KvR wb‡R Ki‡Zb|
wZwb KL‡bv Zvi †Kv‡bv Lv‡`g ev ¯¿x‡K agK †`b wb| wZwb KL‡bv wPrKvi K‡i K_v ej‡Zb bv ev SMov ev
MvwjMvjvR Ki‡Zb bv, KL‡bv Ak­xj K_v ej‡Zb bv| GKgvÎ Bmjv‡gi we‡ivwaZv †`L‡jB wZwb ivMvwš^Z n‡Zb| GQvov
KL‡bv Zv‡K ivM‡Z †`Lv hvqwb| e¨w³MZ Kvi‡Y wZwb Kv‡iv Dci ivM K‡ib wb, †Kv‡bv cÖwZ‡kva †bb wb| †KD Zvi cÖwZ
e¨w³MZ †Kv‡bv Aciva Ki‡j ev Zuv‡K †KD Kó w`‡j, wZwb Zv gv K‡i w`‡Zb|
wZwb AZ¨š— webqx wQ‡jb| g`xbvq wZwb wQ‡jb GKQÎ AwacwZ, kvmK, mvgvwRK I ag©xq cÖavb| wKš‘ KL‡bv Zuvi
AvPi‡Y kw³ ev cÖwZcwËi mvgvb¨Zg cÖfve wQj bv| g`xbvi `wi`ªZg ev bMY¨Zg e¨w³‡KI wZwb cwic~Y© m¤§vb `vb Ki‡Zb,
WvK‡j Zvi evox‡Z †h‡Zb, Zvi Kv‡Q e‡m Zvi K_v ïb‡Zb| wZwb me©`v AwZ mvaviY †cvlvK I evm¯’vb e¨envi Ki‡Zb| Zuvi
web‡qi GKwU w`K wQj †h, †KD Zvi m¤§v‡b D‡V `uvovK GUv wZwb cQ›` Ki‡Zb bv| Zuvi mvnvexMY Zv‡K cÖv‡Yi †P‡qI
fvjevm‡Zb, wKš‘ Zuv‡K Avm‡Z †`L‡j Zvi m¤§v‡b D‡V `uvov‡Zb bv, KviY Zuviv Rvb‡Zb †h, wZwb Zv cQ›` Ki‡Zb bv| Z‡e
65

wZwb gvRwjm †Q‡o cÖ¯’vb Kivi mgq hLb D‡V `uvov‡Zb ZLb Dcw¯’Z mvnvexMYI Zuvi mv‡_ D‡V `uvov‡Zb| 208
3. 1. 3. Ave&`yû
GLv‡b `ywU kã i‡q‡Q ÔAve&`Õ I ÔûÕ, A_©vr Zuvnvi Ave&` ev Avj­vni Ave&`| Aviex ÔAve&`Õ ( ﺪ�ْﺒَﻋ) k‡ãi dvi&mx
fvlvq A_© (ev›`v)| mvaviYfv‡e evsjvfvlvq GB dvm©x kãwU cÖPwjZ| Ave` ev ev›`vi evsjv A_© ÔÔ`vmÕÕ, ÔÔµxZ`vmÕÕ ev
ÒPvKiÕÕ| Aviex fvlvq mvaviYfv‡e (Ave&`) ej‡Z m„wó ev gvbyl eySv‡bv nq, KviY cÖwZwU gvbylB Avj­vni `vm ev ev›`v|
Ave~ mvC` Ly`ix (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � i“Kz †_‡K D‡V `uvov‡bv Ae¯’vq `yÔAvi g‡a¨ ej‡Zb:
�ﺩ�ﺠ ﹾﻟﺍ
66
�ﻙﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ ﺍﹶﺫ �ﻊﹶﻔﹾﻨ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹶﺕ�ﻌﹶﻨ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤِﻟ �ﻲ�ﻁ�ﻌ�ﻤ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹶﺕ�ﻴﹶﻁ�ﻋَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤِﻟ �ﻊ�ﻨﺎ�ﻤ ﻻ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻙﹶﻟ ﺎﹶﻨﱡﻠﹸﻜ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻤ ﱡﻕ�ﺤَﺃ
ÔÔAvgiv mevB †Zv Avcbvi `vm, Avi GKRb `v‡mi me‡P‡q eo mZ¨ I mwVK K_v n‡jv: †n Avj­vn, Avcwb hv `vb
K‡ib Zv †KD †iva Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, Avi Avcwb hv †iva K‡ib Zv †KD w`‡Z cv‡i bv Ges †Kv‡bv gZvevb ev abev‡bi
gZv ev ab Avcbvi Kv‡Q Zvi †Kv‡bv DcKv‡i Av‡m bv|ÕÕ 209
Avgiv cÂg Aa¨v‡q wki‡Ki Av‡jvPbvq †`Le †h, hy‡M hy‡M gvby‡li wek¦v‡mi weåvwš— I wki&‡K wbcwZZ nIqvi g~j KviY
wQj, wdwikZv, wRb, bex, †bKKvi gvbyl, Zuv‡`i ¯§„wZ weRwoZ ¯’vb, `ªe¨ MvQ, cv_i ev cÖvK…wZK kw³i g‡a¨ Bk¦iZ¡ ev Hk¦wiK
kw³ Kíbv K‡i ev G‡`i mv‡_ gnvb Avj­vni we‡kl mycvwik ev †jb‡`‡bi m¤úK© Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm K‡i RvMwZK wec`, Avc`,
mgm¨v, Abve„wó, Amy¯’Zv, dmjnxbZv BZ¨vw` †_‡K gyw³i Rb¨ G‡`i Kv‡Q ab©v †`Iqv, cÖv_©bv Kiv Ges Giv †hb Zzó n‡q Wv‡K
mvov †`q †m Rb¨ G‡`i bv‡g ev G‡`i Kei, g~wZ© ev ¯§„wZ weRwoZ ¯’v‡b gvbZ, †fU, dzj, mvR`v BZ¨vw` cÖ`vb|
bex-ivm~jMY‡K wb‡q Zuv‡`i cieZx© D¤§ZMY Gfv‡e wki&‡Ki g‡a¨ wbcwZZ n‡q‡Q| †h bex ivm~jMY gvbeRvwZ‡K
wki&‡Ki AÜKvi †_‡K ZvInx‡`i Av‡jvq Avb‡Z RxebcvZ K‡i‡Qb, Zuv‡`iB D¤§‡Ziv Zuv‡`i wZ‡ivav‡bi c‡i Zuv‡`i
g‡a¨ ÒBk¦iZ¡Ó Kíbv K‡i Zuv‡`i Bev`Z ïi“ K‡i| Zuv‡`i gyÕwRRv I A‡jŠwKK wb`k©bvejx‡K Zviv Zuv‡`i Hk¦wiK kw³i
cÖgvY wnmv‡e †ck K‡i Avj­vni cwie‡Z© Zuv‡`i Kv‡QB cÖv_©bv, mvnvh¨, wec`gyw³ BZ¨vw` PvIqv, Zuv‡`i Lywk Ki‡Z †fU,
gvbZ BZ¨vw` cÖ`vb Kiv ïi“ K‡i|
m„wói g‡a¨ ÒBk¦iZ¡Ó Kíbvi cÖavb `ywU w`K: cÖ_gZ, m„wói mv‡_ mªóvi we‡kl m¤úK© `vex Kiv| Zv‡K Bk¦‡ii cyÎ,
Kb¨v ev eskai e‡j `vex Kiv| LªxóvbMY Avj­vni gnvb ivm~j Cmv (Av)-‡K ÒAvj­vni cyÎÓ iƒ‡c `vex K‡i| Zviv ÒcyÎZ¡Ó
ej‡Z RvMwZK wcZvcyÎ m¤úK© eySvq bv| Zv‡`i Kv‡Q cyÎZ¡ A_© mªóv Cmv‡K (Av.) Zvi wb‡Ri RvZ ev mËv (Same
Substance) †_‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb| Kv‡RB Zuvi g‡a¨ Bk¦iZ¡ i‡q‡Q| AMwYZ weåvwš— I RNb¨ wg_¨v K_v w`‡q Zviv
evB‡e‡ji ZvInx`g~jK AmsL¨ wb‡`©kbv I Dw³‡K Ace¨vL¨vi gva¨‡g evwZj K‡i GB gZ cÖwZôv K‡i‡Qb| Abyiƒcfv‡e
Avi‡ei KvwdiMY wdwikZvMY‡K Avj­vni mš—vb ev Kb¨vmš—vb e‡j wek¦vm Kie|
m„wói g‡a¨ Bk¦iZ¡ `vexi wØZxq w`K n‡jv AeZviZ¡ (Incarnation) `vex| Agy‡Ki g‡a¨ m&ªôv ev Zuvi we‡kl
†Kv‡bv ¸Y ev kw³ wg‡k wM‡q‡Q ev mªôvi mv‡_ Zvi wgjb n‡q‡Q ev wZwb Zuvi mv‡_ wg‡j wg‡k GKvKvi n‡q wM‡q‡Qb|
G ai‡bi mKj wki‡K g~‡jvrcvUb Ki‡Z Ges †m¸wji `iRv eÜ Ki‡Z Bmjvgx Cgv‡bi g‡a¨ Ògynv¤§v`vb Ave`yû
Iqv ivm~yj~ûÓ †NvlYv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| wZwb Avj­vni g‡bvwbZ ivm~j, Zuvi gnËg m„wó I Zuvi wcÖqZg| wKš‘ me©ve¯’vq wZwb Zuvi
ev›`v, `vm I gvbyl| wZwb mªóvi AeZvi bb, mªóvi mËvi Ask bb, mªóv ev Zuvi †Kv‡bv ¸‡Yi mv‡_ wg‡j wg‡k wZwb GKvKvi
n‡q hvb wb| †Kv‡bv Hk¦wiK gZvi AwaKvix wZwb bb| Zuvi gh©v`v Avj­vni c~Y©Zg ev›`v I DcvmK nIqvi g‡a¨| Zuv‡K
cwic~Y© fw³, fvjevmv, kª×v I gh©v`v cÖ`v‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ mKj cÖKvi wkiK g~jZ evovevwo I AwZfw³ †_‡K gymwjg
RvwZ‡K iv Kivi Rb¨ GB wek¦vm iv KeR|
c~e©eZ©x bexMYI Zuv‡`i D¤§Z‡K ÒAvj­vni ev›`v I ivm~jÓ wek¦vm Ki‡Z wkwL‡qwQ‡jb| wKš‘ Zuv‡`i D¤§‡Zi
cieZx©‡Z fw³‡K AvbyM‡Z¨i Dc‡i ¯’vb w`‡q Zv‡`i‡K cyÎ ev AeZvi e‡j `vex K‡i‡Q| Gfv‡e Zuv‡`i wkv, ag© I
kixqZ weK…Z I bó nIqvi c‡i Avj­vn me©‡kl bexi gva¨‡g Gfv‡e ZvInx‡`i †ndvhZ K‡i‡Qb|
3. 1. 4. ivm~jyû
GL‡bI `ywU kã i‡q‡Q: Ôivm~jÕ I Ôn~Õ, A_©vr Zuvi (Avj­vni) ivm~j| Aviex Ôivm~jÕ ( لﻭـ�ﺴ�ﺭ) k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_©
†cÖwiZ, †cÖiYK…Z, `~Z, cÖwZwbwa, evZ©vevnK (Messenger, emissary, envoy, delegate, apostle) BZ¨vw`| Bmjvgx
cwifvlvq ivm~j A_© Avj­vni g‡bvwbZ I wbe©vwPZ e¨w³ hv‡K Avj­vn Inxi gva¨‡g Zuvi evYx I wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb Ges
Zv gvby‡li Kv‡Q cÖPv‡ii wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| G mKj g‡bvwbZ gvbyl‡K Avj­vn `ywU bv‡g AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb ÔbexÕ I Ôivm~jÕ|
Dfq k‡ãi AvwfavwbK I cvwifvwlK A_© I cv_©K¨ Avgiv cieZ©x Aa¨v‡q ÔAviKvbyj CgvbÕ-Gi g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbv Kie, Bbkv
Avj­vn|
GLv‡b Avgiv †`L‡Z cvw”Q †h gynv¤§v` (�)-‡K Avj­vni ivm~j wn‡m‡e wek¦v‡mi mv¨ cÖ`vb Kiv Cgv‡bi wfwË|
KziAvb Kvix‡gi AmsL¨ AvqvZ I AMwYZ nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, gynv¤§v` (�) Avj­vni ivm~j Ges bex| Dfq
c`gh©v`vB Zuvi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨|

ex-ivm~jM‡Yi †cÖi‡Y D‡Ïk¨ m¤ú‡K© Avgiv cieZ©x Aa¨v‡q we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kie| Avgiv †`Le †h, bexivm~jM‡Yi
†cÖiY gvbe RvwZi cÖwZ Avj­vni †cÖg I Ki“Yvi gnvb wb`k©b| Avi GB Ki“Yvi me©‡kl cÖKvk gynv¤§v` (�)-‡K
ivm~j I bex wn‡m‡e †cÖiY|
Zvn‡j Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, GKRb gvbyl‡K gymwjg n‡Z n‡j Zv‡K ZvInx‡`i wek¦v‡mi mv‡_ mv‡_ me©vš—Ki‡Y
wek¦vm Ki‡Z n‡e Ges mv¨ w`‡Z n‡e †h, gynv¤§v` (�) Avj­vni ev›`v I ivm~j| wZwb Zuvi g‡bvwbZ I wbe©vwPZ
evZ©vevnK|
3. 2. wimvjv‡Zi wek¦v‡mi A_©
gynv¤§v` (�)-†K ivm~j e‡j wek¦vm Kivi A_© wZwb Avj­vni c †_‡K hv wKQy wkv w`‡q‡Qb, hv wKQy e‡j‡Qb
mewKQy‡K m‡›`nvZxZ e‡j mZ¨ wek¦vm Kiv| KziAvb Kvixg I nv`xm kix‡d wZwb Avj­vni c †_‡K G wek¦v‡mi †h mKj
w`K wkv w`‡q‡Qb Zv Avgiv wb‡gœi K‡qKwU ch©v‡q fvM Ki‡Z cvwi:
(1) Zuvi byeyIqv‡Zi wek¦vm| A_©vr wZwb byeyIqvZ †c‡q‡Qb, Zuvi byeyIqvZ me©Rbxb, Zuvi gva¨‡g byeyIqv‡Zi mgvwß
N‡U‡Q, wZwb byeyIqv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cwicyY© fv‡e Av`vq K‡i‡Qb, wZwb byeyIqv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ wn‡m‡e hv wKQz wkv w`‡q‡Qb meB
m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e wbf©yj|
(2) Zuvi AvbyMZ¨ I Abymi‡Y wek¦vm| A_©vr Zuvi AvbyMZ¨ Acwinvh©, Zuvi AbymiY gyw³i c_© Ges Zuvi ixwZi e¨wZµg Cgvb
weaŸsmx|
(3) Zuvi gh©v`v I fvjevmvq wek¦vm| A_©vr Zuvi cwic~Y© gh©v`vq wek¦vm, gh©v`vi †‡Î Zuvi wkvi c~Y©Zvq wek¦vm,
Zuv‡K fvjevmvi Acwinvh©Zv Ges Zuvi Kvi‡Y Zuvi eskai, mvnvexMY Ges Zuvi AvbyM‡Z¨-Abymi‡Y AMÖMvgx‡`i fvjevmv|
wb‡gœ wimvjv‡Zi wek¦v‡mi G welq¸wj e¨vL¨v Kie| gnvb Avj­vni ZvIdxK cÖv_©bv KiwQ|
3. 2. 1. Zuvi byeyIqvZ I wimvjvZ
GKRb gymwjg m‡›`nvZxZiƒ‡c wek¦vm K‡ib ‡h, gynv¤§v` (�) Avj­vni g‡bvbxZ bex I ivm~j| gvbeRvwZi gyw³i c‡_i
wb‡`©kbv w`‡Z, Zv‡`i Bn‡jŠwKK I cvi‡jŠwKK mKj Kj¨vY wkv w`‡Z Ges AKj¨vY †_‡K mZK© Ki‡Z Avj­vn Zuv‡K g‡bvbxZ
K‡i‡Qb| gvbeRvwZi gyw³i c_, Kj¨vY I AKj¨v‡Yi mKj welq Avj­vn Zuv‡K Rvwb‡q‡Qb Ges Zv gvbyl‡`i‡K wkv †`Iqvi
`vwqZ¡ Zuv‡K `vb K‡i‡Qb| Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
67
ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﺠﺍ�ﺭ�ﺴ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻨﹾﺫِﺈﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎ�ﻴ�ﻋﺍ�ﺩ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺫﹶﻨ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﱢﺸ�ﺒ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻫﺎﹶﺸ �ﻙﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
ÔÔ†n bex, Avwg Avcbv‡K †cÖiY K‡iwQ, mvxiƒ‡c, mymsev``vZv I mZK©Kvixiƒ‡c Ges Avj­vni AbygwZµ‡g Zuvi w`‡K
AvnŸvbKvixiƒ‡c Ges D¾¡j cÖ`xciƒ‡c|ÕÕ 210
Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻤ�ﺼ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﺘﹶﻟﺎ�ﺴﹺﺭ ﹶﺕﹾﻐﱠﻠ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ ْل�ﻌﹾﻔﹶﺘ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹾﻎﱢﻠ�ﺒ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
ÔÔ†n ivm~j, †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki c †_‡K †Zvgvi Dci hv AeZxY© Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv cÖPvi Ki| hw` Zv bv Ki Z‡e
Zzwg Avj­vni evZ©v cÖPvi Ki‡j bv| Avj­vn †Zvgv‡K gvbyl‡`i †_‡K iv Ki‡eb| 211
3. 2. 2. Zuvi byeIqv‡Zi me©RbxbZv
Ôgynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyj­vnÕ wek¦v‡mi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask wn‡m‡e GKRb gymwjg‡K Aek¨B wek¦vm Ki‡Z n‡e †h, gynv¤§v` (�)
we‡k¦i mKj †`‡ki mKj RvwZi me gvby‡li Rb¨ Avj­vni g‡bvbxZ ivm~j| Zuvi AvMg‡bi Øviv c~e©eZ©x mKj ag© iwnZ n‡q
wM‡q‡Q| Zuvi wimvjv‡Z wek¦vm Kiv Qvov †Kv‡bv gvbyl gyw³i w`kv cv‡e bv| Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺫﹶﻨ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺸ�ﺒ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻠِﻟ ﹰﺔﱠﻓﺎﹶﻜ ﱠﻻِﺇ �ﻙﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÔÔAvwg †Zv AvcbvK mgMÖ gvbeRvwZi Rb¨ mymsev` cÖ`vbKvix I fqcÖ`k©bKvix wnmv‡e †cÖiY K‡iwQ|ÕÕ 212
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb:
ﹸﺕـﻴ�ﻤ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﻲـ�ﻴ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻭـ�ﻫ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻙﹾﻠ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻟ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟ ﺍ ﺎ�ﻌﻴ�ﻤ�ﺠ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ ْلﹸﻗ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺩﹶﺘ�ﻬﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻠ�ﻌﹶﻟ �ﻩﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘﺎ�ﻤ�ﻠﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻤُﻷﺍ �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻪِﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺂﹶﻓ
ÔÔej: †n gvbeRvwZ, wbðq Avwg †Zvgv‡`i mK‡ji cÖwZ Avj­vni c †_‡K †cÖwiZ ivm~j, whwb AvKvkgÊjx I
c„w_exi mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i AwaKvix, wZwb e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Bjvn †bB, wZwbB RxweZ K‡ib I g„Zz¨ NUvb; myZivs †Zvgiv Cgvb
Avb Avj­vni cÖwZ I Zuvi evZ©vevnK ivm~j D¤§x bexi cÖwZ, whwb Avj­vn I Zuvi evYx‡Z Cgvb Av‡bb Ges †Zvgiv Zvi

AbymiY Ki hv‡Z †Zvgiv c_ cvI|Ó 213
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
68
ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺫﹶﻨ �ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹾﻠِﻟ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜ�ﻴِﻟ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﺎﹶﻗ�ﺭﹸﻔﹾﻟﺍ َل�ﺯﹶﻨ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﺭﺎ�ﺒﹶﺘ
ÔÔwZwbB gwngvgq whwb Zuvi ev›`vi Dc‡i dziKvb bvwhj K‡i‡Qb, †hb wZwb mg¯— m„wó RM‡Zi Rb¨ fq cÖ`k©bKvix
nb|ÕÕ 214
Ab¨Î †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹾﻠ ِﻟ
ÔÔwbðq Avwg Avcbv‡K mg¯— m„wó RM‡Zi Rb¨ Ki“Yv ev ingZ-¯^iƒc †cÖiY K‡iwQ|ÕÕ 215
Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb,
ﺍ�ﺭﻭـ�ﻬﹶﻁ �ﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ �ﻲِﻟ ﹾﺕﹶﻠ�ﻌ �ﺠ�ﻭ
ﹰﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ ﻻِﺇ �ﻙﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
�ﻡِﺌﺎﹶﻨﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ �ﻲِﻟ ﹾﺕﱠﻠ�ﺤُﺃ�ﻭ ﹺﺏ�ﻋ�ﺭﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﹸﺕ�ﺭ�ﺼﹸﻨ�ﻭ ﹺﻡ�ﻠﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻊ�ﻤﺍ�ﻭ�ﺠ ﹸﺕﻴ�ﻁ�ﻋُﺃ ﱟﺕ�ﺴﹺﺒ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨَﻷﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹸﺕﹾﻠ�ﻀﹸﻓ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻴﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻲﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﺘﹸﺨ�ﻭ ﹰﺔﱠﻓﺎﹶﻜ �ﻕﹾﻠﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﹸﺕﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭُﺃ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺩﹺﺠ�ﺴ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒQqwU wel‡qi gva¨‡g Avgv‡K bexM‡Yi (mKj bexi) Dc‡i gh©v`v I ˆewkó¨ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q: (1) Avgv‡K e¨vcK
A_©‡evaK DPv‡½i fve I fvlvgq evK¨ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q, (2) Avgv‡K fxwZ w`‡q mvnvh¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q, (3) Avgvi Rb¨
hy×jä MbxgZ ˆea Kiv n‡q‡Q, (4) c„w_ex‡K Avgvi Rb¨ cweÎvi Dcv`vb I gmwR` evwb‡q †`Iqv n‡q‡Q, (5) Avgv‡K
mKj m„wói cÖwZ †cÖiY Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges (6) Avgvi Øviv bexMY mgvß n‡q‡Qb| 216
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Rvwei Beby Avãyj­vn (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺭﻭ�ﻬﹶﻁ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺩﹺﺠ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻲِﻟ ﹾﺕﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻭ ﹴﺭ�ﻬﹶﺸ ﹶﺓ�ﺭﻴ�ﺴ�ﻤ ﹺﺏ�ﻋ�ﺭﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﹸﺕ�ﺭ�ﺼﹸﻨ ﻲ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨَﻷﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻬﹶﻁ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﺴ�ﻤﹶﺨ ﹸﺕﻴ�ﻁ�ﻋُﺃ
ﹺﺱﺎـﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﻰـﹶﻟِﺇ ﹸﺕﹾﺜ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﻭ ﹰﺔ�ﺼﺎﹶﺨ �ﻪ�ﻤ�ﻭﹶﻗ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﹸﺙ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﻴ �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻡِﺌﺎﹶﻨﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ ﻲِﻟ ﹾﺕﱠﻠ�ﺤُﺃ�ﻭ ﱢل�ﺼ�ﻴﹾﻠﹶﻓ ﹸﺓﻼ�ﺼﻟﺍ �ﻪﹾﺘﹶﻜ�ﺭ�ﺩَﺃ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ ٍل�ﺠ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻴَﺃ�ﻭ
ﹶﺔ�ﻋﺎﹶﻔﱠﺸﻟﺍ ﹸﺕﻴ�ﻁ�ﻋُﺃ�ﻭ ﹰﺔﱠﻓﺎﹶﻜ
ÒAvgv‡K cuvPwU welq cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q hv Avgvi c~‡e© †Kv‡bv bex‡K cÖ`vb Kiv nq wb: (1) GK gv‡mi c‡_i `~iZ¡
†_‡K fxwZ Øviv Avgv‡K mvnvh¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q, (2) Avgvi Rb¨ c„w_ex‡K gvmwR` I cweÎZvi Dcv`vb K‡i †`Iqv n‡q‡Q,
Avgvi D¤§v‡Zi †h †Kv‡bv gvbyl †hLv‡bB Zvi mvjv‡Zi mgq Dcw¯’Z n‡e †mLv‡bB †m mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e, (3) Avgvi
Rb¨ hy×jä Mbxg‡Zi m¤ú` ˆea Kiv n‡q‡Q, (4) c~e©eZ©x bex‡`i‡K cvVv‡bv n‡Zv we‡klfv‡e Zuvi wb‡Ri m¤cÖ`v‡qi Rb¨
Avi Avgv‡K cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q mKj gvby‡li Rb¨ Ges (5) Avgv‡K kvdvÔAvZ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| 217
Kv‡RB hw` †KD wek¦vm K‡i †h gynv¤§v` (�) †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó hy‡Mi ev we‡kl RvwZi Rb¨ †cÖwiZ bex Z‡e wZwb
Bmjv‡gi MwʇZ cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv, hw`I wZwb Zuv‡K me©‡kªô bex e‡j wek¦vm K‡ib| KviY gynv¤§v` (�)-‡K ivm~j
e‡j wek¦vm Kivi A_© Zvi mKj K_v I wkv‡K mZ¨ e‡j wek¦vm Kiv| Zuvi wKQy K_v‡K Awek¦vm Kivi A_© Zuv‡K Awek¦vm
Kiv|
3. 2. 3. LvZgyb byeyIqvZ ev byeyIqv‡Zi mgvwß
GKRb gymwjg Av‡iv wek¦vm K‡ib †h, gynv¤§` (�) Avj­vni g‡bvbxZ me©‡kl bex I ivm~j, Zuvi c‡i Avi †Kv‡bv
Inx bvwhj n‡e bv Ges †Kv‡bv bex ev ivm~j Avm‡eb bv| e¯‘Z, KziAvb I nv`x‡mi G welqK †Kv‡bv †NvlYv bv _vK‡jI
K‡qKwU Kvi‡Y gynv¤§v` (�)-‡K †kl bex wn‡m‡e wek¦vm Ki‡Z Avgiv eva¨ nZvg|
cÖ_gZ, mKj bexB my¯úófv‡e D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb Zuvi c‡i Ab¨ bex, ivm~j ev evZ©vevnK AvMgb Ki‡eb, whwb Avj­vni
c †_‡K evYx MÖnY K‡i gvbyl‡`i‡K Rvbv‡eb| cvš—‡i gnvb Avj­vn KziAvb Kvix‡g ev ivm~jyj­vn (�) nv`xm kix‡d KL‡bv
†Kv‡bvfv‡e Rvbvb wb †h, Zuvi c‡i gvbe RvwZi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv bex, ivm~j ev evZ©vevnK Avm‡eb| G welqwUB m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e
cÖgvY K‡i †h, Zuvi c‡i †Kv‡bv bex Avm‡e bv|
wØZxqZ, c~e©eZ©x bex-ivm~j‡`i `vIqvZ wQj mvgwqK Ges wbw`©ó Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨| GRb¨ Zuv‡`i cÖwZ †cÖwiZ Inx P~ovš—
fv‡e msiwZ n‡Zv bv| Kv‡RB Zuv‡`i c‡i bZzb bexi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †`Lv w`Z| gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi `x‡bi me©RbxbZv I
cwic~Y©Zvi †NvlYv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q KziAvb I nv`x‡m evisevi Ges Zuvi `xb‡K cwic~Y©fv‡e msiY Kiv n‡q‡Q| Kv‡RB Gici
Avi †Kv‡bv bZzb bexi AvMgb wb®cÖ‡qvRb|

wKš‘ welqwU GLv‡bB †kl nq wb| Dciš‘ KziAvb Kvix‡g ¯úófv‡e †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, gynv¤§v` (�) †kl bex|
AmsL¨ nv`x‡m G wel‡q evisevi †NvlYv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻠ�ﻋ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﱢلﹸﻜﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﻴﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻡﹶﺘﺎﹶﺨ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜِﻟﺎ�ﺠﹺﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ ﺎ�ﺒَﺃ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ
Ògynv¤§v` †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv cyi“‡li wcZv bb, eis wZwb Avj­vni ivm~j Ges †kl bex| Avj­vn me© wel‡q
me©Á|Ó 218
gyZvIqvwZi ch©v‡q ewY©Z Aa©kZvwaK mnxn nv`x‡m LvZgyb byeyIqvZ ev ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi gva¨‡g byeyIqv‡Zi cwimgvwßi
welq D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| Dc‡i Dwj­wLZ nv`x‡m Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡j‡Qb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb: ÒQqwU
wel‡qi gva¨‡g Avgv‡K bexM‡Yi (mKj bexi) Dc‡i gh©v`v I ˆewkó¨ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q: ... (6) Avgvi Øviv bexMY mgvß
n‡q‡Qb|Ó
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb,
ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎـﹶﻗ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹸﺜﹾﻜ�ﻴﹶﻓ �ﺀﺎﹶﻔﹶﻠﹸﺨ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜ�ﻴ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ �ﻪﹶﻔﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ �ﻙﹶﻠ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻠﹸﻜ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨَﻷﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺴﻭ�ﺴﹶﺘ َلﻴِﺌﺍ�ﺭ�ﺴِﺇ ﻭﹸﻨ�ﺒ ﹾﺕﹶﻨﺎﹶﻜ
. �ﻡ�ﻫﺎ�ﻋ�ﺭﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﻠِﺌﺎ�ﺴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ
�ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻘ�ﺤ �ﻡ�ﻫﻭﹸﻁ�ﻋَﺃ ِل�ﻭَﻷﺎﹶﻓ ِل�ﻭَﻷﺍ �ﺔ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﺒﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻓ : َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺭ�ﻤْﺄﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ
ÒBmªv‡qj mš—vbMY‡K (ebx BmivCj‡K) kvmb Ki‡Zb bexMY| hLbB †Kv‡bv bex g„Zz¨eiY Ki‡Zb ZLb Ab¨ GKRb bex
Zuvi ¯’jvwfwl³ n‡Zb| Avi Avgvi c‡i †Kv‡bv bex †bB, wKš‘ LjxdvMY _vK‡eb Ges Zviv msL¨vq A‡bK n‡eb| Dcw¯’Z
mvnvexMY e‡jb: Avcwb Avgv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i wel‡q wK wb‡`©k w`‡”Qb| wZwb e‡jb: avivevwnKfv‡e cÖ_g e¨w³i c‡i cieZ©x e¨w³
Gfv‡e Zv‡`i evBqvZ ev AvbyM‡Z¨i cÖwZÁv iv Ki‡e Ges Zv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i cÖvc¨ (AvbyMZ¨) cÖ`vb Ki‡e| Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K
Zv‡`i Aaxb¯’ RbMY m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Ki‡eb|Ó 219
mvÕ` Beby Avex Iqv°vm e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � Avjx‡K (iv) e‡jb:
69
ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻨَﺃ ﱠﻻِﺇ ﻰ�ﺴﻭ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﺎ�ﻫ �ﺔﹶﻟﹺﺯﹾﻨ�ﻤﹺﺒ ﻲﱢﻨ�ﻤ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ
Òg~mvi mv‡_ nviƒ‡bi gh©v`v †hiƒc wQj Avgvi mv‡_ †Zvgvi gh©v`v †miƒc, e¨wZµg GB †h, Avgvi c‡i †Kv‡bv bex
†bB|Ó 220
Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
َلـ�ﻌ�ﺠﹶﻓ �ﻩﺎ�ﻴﺍ�ﻭ�ﺯ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺔ�ﻴﹺﻭﺍ�ﺯ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺔﹶﻨﹺﺒﹶﻟ �ﻊ�ﻀ�ﻭ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻠ�ﻤ�ﺠَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﻨ�ﺴ�ﺤَﺄﹶﻓ ﺎﹰﻨﺎ�ﻴﹾﻨ�ﺒ ﻰﹶﻨ�ﺒ ٍل�ﺠ�ﺭ ِلﹶﺜ�ﻤﹶﻜ ﻲ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨ َﻷﺍ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻴﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻡﹶﺘﺎﹶﺨ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ ﹸﺔﹶﻨ ﹺﺒﱠﻠﻟﺍ
ُلﹶﺜ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﻠﹶﺜ�ﻤ
ﺎﹶﻨَﺄﹶﻓ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﹸﺔﹶﻨﹺﺒﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻩ�ﺫ�ﻫ ﹾﺕ�ﻌ�ﻀ�ﻭ ﻼ�ﻫ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥﻭ�ﺒ�ﺠ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﻓﻭﹸﻁ�ﻴ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ
ÔÔAvgvi I Avgvi c~e©eZ©x bex‡`i D`vniY GK e¨w³i gZ whwb GKwU LyeB my›`i I g‡bvig BgviZ ˆZix K‡i‡Q, wKš‘
Bgvi‡Zi GK w`‡K GKwU B‡Ui RvqMv Lvwj †i‡L‡Qb| gvby‡liv Avðh© n‡q GB g‡bvig BgiZwUi Pvwiw`‡K Nyi‡Z _v‡K Ges
ej‡Z _v‡K: G BUwU hw` ¯’vcb Kiv n‡Zv! wZwb e‡jb: AvwgB GB me©‡kl BU, AvwgB me©‡kl bex|ÕÕ 221
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Rvwei Beby Avãyj­vn (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
ﺎـ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﺒ�ﺠ�ﻌﹶﺘ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻨﻭﹸﻠﹸﺨ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ َل�ﻌ �ﺠﹶﻓ �ﺔﹶﻨﹺﺒﹶﻟ �ﻊ�ﻀ�ﻭ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻠ�ﻤﹾﻜَﺃ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻤﹶﺘَﺄﹶﻓ ﺍ�ﺭﺍ�ﺩ ﻰﹶﻨ�ﺒ ٍل�ﺠ�ﺭ ِلﹶﺜ�ﻤﹶﻜ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨَﻷﺍ ُلﹶﺜ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﻠﹶﺜ�ﻤ
�ﺀﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨَﻷﺍ ﹸﺕ�ﻤﹶﺘﹶﺨﹶﻓ ﹸﺕْﺌﹺﺠ �ﺔﹶﻨﹺﺒﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻊ�ﻀ�ﻭ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨَﺄﹶﻓ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﺔﹶﻨﹺﺒﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻊ�ﻀ�ﻭ�ﻤ ﻻ�ﻭﹶﻟ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﻭ
ÒAvgvi I Ab¨vb¨ mKj bexi D`vniY GKRb e¨w³i b¨vq, whwb GKwU evwo ˆZwi K‡i‡Qb Ges Zv‡K c~Y©Zv `vb
K‡i‡Qb, wKš‘ GKwU B‡Ui ¯’vb Ac~Y© †i‡L‡Qb| gvby‡liv G evwo‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z jvMj Ges AevK n‡Z jvMj| Zviv ej‡Z
jvMj, GB B‡Ui ¯’vbwU hw` Ac~Y© bv _vKZ! ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb, AvwgB †mB B‡Ui ¯’vb, Avwg G‡m bexM‡Yi mgvwß
†U‡bwQ|Ó 222
Ab¨ nv`x‡m RyevBi Beby gyZwqg (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻲ�ﻤ�ﺩـﹶﻗ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺤ�ﻴ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﺸﺎ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﺭﹾﻔﹸﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻲﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻭ�ﺤ�ﻤ�ﻴ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﺤﺎ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤَﺃ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴَﺃ ﻲِﻟ �ﻥِﺇ
( �ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ ) �ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﻗﺎ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ
ÒAvgvi A‡bK bvg Av‡Q| Avwg gynv¤§v`, Ges Avwg Avng`, Ges Avwg ÔgvnxÕ (D‡”Q`Kvix), Avgvi gva¨‡g Avj­vn
Kzd&i D‡”Q` Ki‡eb, Ges Avwg ÔnvwkiÕ (GKwÎZKvix), Avgvi c`؇qi wbK‡UB gvby‡liv wKqvg‡Zi w`b GKwÎZ n‡e, Ges

Avwg ÔAvwKeÕ (me©‡kl), hvi c‡i Avi †Kv‡bv bex †bB|Ó 223
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ ﻻ�ﻭ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﻼﹶﻓ ﹾﺕ�ﻌﹶﻁﹶﻘﹾﻨﺍ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﹶﺓ�ﻭ�ﺒﱡﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹶﺔﹶﻟﺎ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
ÒwimvjvZ ev ivm~‡ji c` Ges byeyIqvZ ev bexi c` †kl n‡q wM‡q‡Q, Kv‡RB Avgvi c‡i †Kv‡bv ivm~j †bB Ges †Kv‡bv
bexI †bB|Ó 224
Gfv‡e wewfbœ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn (�) AZ¨š— cwi¯‹vifv‡e †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb †h, wZwb Avj­vni me©‡kl bex I ivm~j,
Zuvi AvMg‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ byeyIqvZ I wimvjv‡Zi mgvwß N‡U‡Q| Zuvi c‡i Avi †Kv‡bv bex ev ivm~j Avm‡eb bv| wZwb
GK_vI ¯úó Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h, Zuvi c‡i hw` †KD byeyIqv‡Zi `vex K‡i Z‡e †m Aek¨B GKRb †Nvi wg_¨vev`x fÊ| wewfbœ
nv`x‡m wZwb Zuvi D¤§Z‡K fÊ bex‡`i Avwef©v‡ei msev` `vb K‡i Zv‡`i †_‡K mZK© _vKvi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| GK nv`x‡m
Rvwei Beby mvgyivn (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb,
�ﻡ�ﻫﻭ�ﺭﹶﺫ�ﺤﺎﹶﻓ �ﻥﻴﹺﺒﺍﱠﺫﹶﻜ �ﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻥِﺇ
ÔÔwbðq wKqvg‡Zi c~‡e©B A‡bK †Nvi wg_¨vev`xi (fÊ bexi) Avwefv©e NV‡e| †Zvgiv Zv‡`i †_‡K mveavb
_vK‡e|ÕÕ 225
M‡elKMY D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi gva¨‡g byeyIqv‡Zi mgvwßi wel‡q 37 Rb mvnvex †_‡K mnxn mb‡`
65wU nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| 226 Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, KziAvb Kvix‡gi my¯úó wb‡`©kbvi cvkvcvwk gyZvIqvwZi nv`x‡mi
gva¨‡g welqwU mywbwðZfv‡e cÖgvwYZ| eis cÖK…Z welq †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi beyqZ I LvZgyb-byeyIqvZ GKBfv‡e ewY©Z I
cÖgvwYZ| hviv Zuvi byeyIqv‡Zi welq eY©bv K‡i‡Qb ZuvivB Zuvi LvZgyb byeyIqv‡Zi welqI eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| mvnvexMY
me©m¤§Zfv‡e beyIq‡Zi `vwe`vi Ges Zv‡`i Abymvix‡`i‡K ag©Z¨vMx gyiZv` e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb|
hw` im~jyj­vn (�)-Gi c‡i †KD wb‡R‡K bex e‡j `vwe K‡i ev †KD Giƒc `vwe`v‡ii K_v mZ¨ e‡j g‡b K‡i Z‡e
†m wbtm‡›`‡n fÊ I wg_¨vev`x `v¾vj ev Giƒc f‡Êi Abymvix| hw` †Kv‡bv gymwjg bvgavix Giƒc `vwe K‡i ev Giƒc
`vwe`v‡ii K_v wek¦vm K‡i Z‡e †m ag©Z¨vMx gyiZv` e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
Dciš‘ hw` †KD wek¦vm K‡i †h gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi c‡i †Kv‡bv bex ev ivm~j G‡m‡Qb, Avm‡Z cv‡ib, Avmvi m¤¢vebv
Av‡Q ev Avmv Am¤¢e bq Z‡e †m e¨w³I Agymwjg Kvwdi I ag©Z¨vMx gyiZv` e‡j MY¨ n‡e, hw`I †m gynv¤§v` ivm~jyj­vn
(�) -‡K GKRb bex I ivm~j e‡j gv‡b, A_ev Zuv‡K †kªô bex e‡j gv‡b, A_ev Zuvi kixq‡Zi weavb †g‡b P‡j| GB e¨w³
g~jZ Ògynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyj­vnÓ-q wek¦vm K‡i wb| KviY KziAv‡bi gva¨‡g Ges AMwYZ gyZvIqvwZi nv`x‡mi gva¨‡g cÖgvwYZ
Zuvi ب_©nxb wkv‡K A¯^xKvi I Agvb¨ Ki‡j Avi Zuvi byeyIqv‡Zi ¯^xK…wZ †`Iqvi A_© _v‡K bv|
GLv‡b D‡j­L¨ †h, Bmjv‡gi †mvbvjx w`b¸wj‡Z byeyIqv‡Zi `vwe K‡i †KD Bmjv‡gi wZmvab Ki‡Z cv‡i wb|
KviY G wel‡q gymwjg mgvR I iv‡óªi m‡PZbZv wQj my¯úó| wKš‘ MZ K‡qK kZvãx hveZ Ae¯’vi cwieZ©b N‡U‡Q|
we‡klZ Bmjv‡gi †gŠwjK welqvw` m¤ú‡K© gymwjg‡`i AÁZv Ges mvgªvR¨ev`x I Jcwb‡ewkK kvmKM‡Yi K‚U‡KŠk‡ji
Kvi‡Y G mKj fÊ gymwjg mgv‡Ri we‡kl wZ mvab Ki‡Z Ges AmsL¨ gymwjg‡K ag©Pz¨Z Ki‡Z mg n‡q‡Q| G mKj
f‡Êi Ab¨Zg cvÄv‡ei †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx (1840-1908 L„)|
GLv‡b D‡j­L¨ †h, †Mvjvg Avng` I Zvi gZ fÊ bexiv mivmwi byeyIqvZ `vwe K‡i wb; KviY Zvn‡j †Kv‡bv gymwjgB
Zvi `vwe MÖnY Ki‡e bv| eis Zviv cÖ_‡g †ejvqvZ, Kvkd, Bjnvg, BjKv BZ¨vw` `vwe K‡i| Gici Zviv wb‡R‡`i‡K
gyRvwÏ` e‡j `vwe K‡i| G¸wj meB Bmjvgx cwifvlv I Bmjvg ¯^xK…Z welq| wKš‘ G¸wji A_© I gg© bv Rvbvi Kvi‡Y
A‡b‡KB G mKj K_v Øviv weåvš— nq| Gfv‡e Zviv hLb wKQz gvbyl‡K Zv‡`i GKvš— f³ wn‡m‡e †c‡q hvq, ZLb wewfbœ
†KŠk‡j byeyIqvZ `vwe K‡i| Avi Zvi Abymvix f³iv wewfbœ ARynvZ I e¨vL¨v w`‡q Zvi `vwe †g‡b †bq|
G mKj welq we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Avgv‡`i MÖ‡š’i cwim‡i m¤¢e bq| Z‡e ms‡‡c GZUzKz ejv hvq †h, LvZgyb
byeyIqv‡Zi GKwU w`K GB †h, Bmjvg‡K Rvb‡Z, eyS‡Z, e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z ev weavb w`‡Z ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi c‡i Avi †Kv‡bv
Ôe¨w³iÕ †Kv‡bv ÔBmgvZÕ (Aåvš—Zv), Kv`vmvZ (cweÎZv) ev we‡kl c`gh©v`v †bB|
Bmjvg‡K Rvbvi Rb¨ KziAvb nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K gymwjg D¤§vni AvwjgMY BRwZnv` Ki‡eb, wKš‘ †Kv‡bv gyRZvwn`
`vwe Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv †h, Zuvi gZwU †Kv‡bvfv‡e Avj­vni c †_‡K cÖvß Ges †mwUB Bmjv‡gi GKgvÎ Aåvš— e¨vL¨v,
A_ev gnvb Avj­vn Zv‡K we‡kl †Kv‡bv c`gh©v`v cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ Avwjg-gyRZvwn`MY _vK‡eb| Zuv‡`i
†hvM¨Zv Zuv‡`i Bjg I BLjv‡m, Avj­vni ev ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi c †_‡K mivmwi †Kv‡bv evYx ev wb‡`©kbv MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g
bq| Kv‡RB †Kv‡bv Avwjg ev eyRyM© e‡j cwiwPZ e¨w³ hw` Giƒc †Kv‡bv Ôc`gh©v`vÕ, ÔBmgvZÕ ev ÔAåvš—ZvÕ `vwe K‡ib, ev
wb‡Ri gZwU mivmwi Avj­vn ev Zuvi ivm~‡ji (�) wbKU †_‡K cÖvß Ges Ab¨vb¨ Avwjg‡`i gZvgZ Gw`K †_‡K AwaKZi
70

gh©v`vgq I ˆewkó¨c~Y© e‡j `vwe K‡ib Z‡e wZwb fÊ cÖZviK wg_¨vev`x A_ev kqZvb KZ…©K cÖZvwiZ|
Bmjv‡g Kvkd, Bjnvg, BjKv I mZ¨ ¯^cœ i‡q‡Q| Z‡e G¸wj GKvš—B Avj­vni c †_‡K †`Iqv e¨w³MZ m¤§vb,
KvivgZ I wbqvgZ gvÎ| G¸wj mswk­ó e¨w³ ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gvby‡li Rb¨ `xb eySvi ev `x‡bi e¨vL¨vi †‡Î cÖgvY ev wfwË
bq| hw` †KD wb‡R‡K Giƒc Kvkd, BjKv ev Bjnvg-avix e‡j `vwe K‡ib ev GB `vwei wfwˇZ wb‡Ri gZwUi wbf©yjZv,
Aåvš—Zv (BmgvZ) ev we‡klZ¡ `vwe K‡ib Z‡e wZwbI fÊ, cÖZviK wg_¨vev`x A_ev kqZvb KZ©„K cÖZvwiZ|
hy‡M hy‡M gymwjg mgv‡R gyRvwÏ` ev ms¯‹viK Avm‡eb e‡j Ave~ `vD` msKwjZ GKwU nv`x‡m D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Z‡e †KD KL‡bvB wb‡R‡K gyRvwÏ` `vwe K‡ib wb| Avwjg‡`i Kg© we‡ePbv K‡i mvaviYZ Zuv‡`i g„Zz¨i A‡bK c‡i cieZ©x
hy‡Mi AvwjgMY KvD‡K KvD‡K gyRvwÏ` e‡j g‡b K‡i‡Qb| G-B Ôg‡b KivÕ ev aviYv KivI GKvš—B e¨w³MZ BRwZnv`|
†Kvb& hy‡M †K ev Kviv gyRvwÏ` wQ‡jb †m wel‡q Avwjg‡`i A‡bK gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q|
†Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbxi c~‡e© †KD KL‡bv wb‡R‡K gyRvwÏ` e‡j `vwe K‡ib wb| hw` †KD wb‡R‡K gyRvwÏ` e‡j
`vwe K‡i, A_ev Zvi AbymvixMY Zvi RxeÏkv‡ZB Zv‡K gyRvwÏ` e‡j `vwe I cÖPvi K‡i Avi wZwb Zv mg_©b K‡ib Ges
Zvi GB Ôc`gh©v`vÕ-i Kvi‡Y Zvi g‡Zi we‡klZ¡, Aåvš—Zv ev cweÎZv `vwe K‡ib Z‡e wZwbI Abyiƒcfv‡e wg_¨vev`x fÊ
cÖZviK ev kqZvb KZ©„K cÖZvwiZ|
G¸wj meB byeyIqvZ `vwe Kivi wewfbœ ch©vq I c`‡c| G¸wji c‡i †KD hw` mivmwi byeyIqvZ `vwe K‡i Z‡e †m
wbtm‡›`‡n cÖZviK fÊ I ag©Z¨vMx gyiZv` Kvwdi|
3. 2. 4. Zuvi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi cwic~Y©Zv
GKRb gymwjg me©vš—tKi‡Y wek¦vm K‡ib †h, gynv¤§` (�) cwic~Y© wek¦¯—Zvi mv‡_ Avj­vni me©‡kl I me©Rbxb bex I
ivm~j wnmv‡e Zvi byeyIqv‡Zi I wimvjv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i‡Qb| Avj­vni mKj evYx, wkv I wb‡`©k wZwb cwic~Y©fv‡e
Zuvi D¤§Z‡K wkwL‡q w`‡q‡Qb, †Kv‡bv wKQyB wZwb †Mvcb K‡ib wb| Avgiv †`‡LwQ Avj­vn Zv‡K cÖPv‡ii `vwqZ¡ `vb K‡i
e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻪﹶﺘﹶﻟﺎ�ﺴﹺﺭ ﹶﺕﹾﻐﱠﻠ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ ْل�ﻌﹾﻔﹶﺘ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ
�ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹾﻎﱢﻠ�ﺒ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
ÔÔ†n ivm~j, †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki c †_‡K †Zvgvi Dci hv AeZxY© Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv cÖPvi Ki| hw` Zv bv Ki Z‡e
Zzwg Avj­vni evZ©v cÖPvi Ki‡j bv|Ó 227
wbtm‡›`‡n wZwb Avj­vni evZ©v cÖPvi K‡i‡Qb Ges Zuvi cÖPv‡ii `vwqZ¡ cy‡ivcywi cvjb K‡i‡Qb| Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﹸﻍﻼ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥِﺇ ﺎﹰﻅﻴ�ﻔ�ﺤ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻙﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﻀ�ﺭ�ﻋَﺃ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ
ÔÔAvi (Kvwd‡iiv) hw` Avcbvi Avnev‡b mvov bv w`‡q gyL wdwi‡q †bq Z‡e Avcbv‡K Avwg Zv‡`i ivKZ©viƒ‡c
†cÖiY Kwi wb| Avcbvi Dc‡i †Zv ïay cÖPv‡ii `vwqZ¡|ÕÕ 228
ivm~jyj­vn � we`vq n‡¾i mgq Zvi mvnvex‡`i mvg‡b cÖkœ K‡ib: Avwg wK Avj­vn evYx mKj cÖPvi K‡iwQ? mvnvexMY
GKev‡K¨ e‡jb, nü v| wZwb e‡jb:
ﹶﺕ�ﺤ�ﺼﹶﻨ�ﻭ ﹶﺕ�ﻴ�ﺩَﺃ�ﻭ ﹶﺕﹾﻐﱠﻠ�ﺒ �ﺩﹶﻗ �ﻙﱠﻨَﺃ �ﺩ�ﻬﹾﺸﹶﻨ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠِﺌﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ ﻲﱢﻨ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴﹸﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ
ÔÔ†Zvgv‡`i‡K Avgvi e¨vcv‡i wRÁvmv Kiv n‡e| †Zvgiv wK ej‡e? Zvi e‡jb: ÔÔAvgiv mv¨ w`e †h, Avcwb cÖPvi
K‡i‡Qb, wimvjv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cy‡ivcywi cvjb K‡i‡Qb Ges D¤§‡Zi Kj¨vY Kvgjvq Zv‡`i g½‡ji mKj Dc‡`k Zv‡`i‡K
Rvwb‡q‡Qb|ÕÕ 229
Gici Avj­vn Bmjv‡gi c~Y©Zvi †NvlYv w`‡q wb‡æi AvqvZ bvwhj K‡ib:
ﺎﹰﻨﻴ�ﺩ �ﻡﻼ�ﺴ
ِﻹﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ﹸﺕﻴ�ﻀ�ﺭ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻨ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹸﺕ�ﻤ�ﻤﹾﺘَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻨﻴ�ﺩ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ﹸﺕﹾﻠ�ﻤﹾﻜَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ
ÒAvR †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ †Zvgv‡`i `xb (ag©) c~Y©v½ Kijvg, †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ Avgvi AbyMÖn m¤ú~Y© Kijvg Ges Bmjvg‡K
†Zvgv‡`i `xb g‡bvbxZ Kijvg|ÕÕ 230
Biev` Beby mvwiqv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
71
�ﻙِﻟﺎ�ﻫ ﻻِﺇ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﹸﻎﻴﹺﺯ�ﻴ ﻻ ﺎ�ﻫﹺﺭﺎ�ﻬﹶﻨﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻬﹸﻠ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﺀﺎ�ﻀ�ﻴ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﺘﹾﻜ�ﺭﹶﺘ �ﺩﹶﻗ
ÔÔAvwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K Av‡jv‡Kv¾¡j cwi¯‹vi PKP‡K aea‡e iv¯—vi Dci †i‡L †Mjvg, †hLv‡b ivZI w`‡bi gZ
Av‡jvwKZ D¾¡j| ïaygvÎ aŸsmcÖvßivB Avgvi c‡i GB iv¯—v †_‡K m‡i Ab¨ c‡_ hv‡e|Ó 231
Avãyj­vn Beby Avgi Bebyj Avm (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb;

�ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻪ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺭﹶﺸ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﺫﹾﻨ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻪ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ
ﺎ�ﻤ ﹺﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﹶﺘ�ﻤُﺃ ﱠل�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻘ�ﺤ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﻻِﺇ ﻲ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ �ﻥﹸﻜ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ
ÒAvgvi c~‡e©i cÖ‡Z¨K bexiB `vwqZ¡ wQj †h, wZwb Zuvi D¤§‡Zi Rb¨ hZ fv‡jv welq Rv‡bb †m wel‡q Zv‡`i‡K
wb‡`©kbv `vb Ki‡eb, Ges wZwb Zv‡`i Rb¨ hZ Lvivc wel‡qi K_v Rv‡bb †m¸wj †_‡K Zv‡`i‡K mveavb Ki‡eb|Ó 232
Ave~ hvi wMdvix (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡jb:
�ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﺩﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﻻﺇ ﹺﺭﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ
�ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﻋﺎ�ﺒ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﺔﱠﻨ�ﺠﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ �ﺏ�ﺭﹶﻘ�ﻴ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ �ﻲ�ﻘ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤ
ÒRvbœv‡Zi wbK‡U †bIqvi I Rvnvbœvg †_‡K `~‡i †bIqvi mKj welqB †Zvgv‡`i‡K eY©bv K‡i †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|Ó 233
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, cweÎ KziAv‡b Ges ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi nv`x‡m we‡klfv‡e †NvlYv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q †h,
ivm~jyj­vn (�) Zuvi wimvjv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cwic~Y©fv‡e cvjb K‡i‡Qb| D¤§v‡Zi gyw³ I Kj¨v‡Yi mKj Z_¨ my¯úóiƒ‡c Rvwb‡q
w`‡q‡Qb| Gic‡iI hw` †KD wek¦vm K‡ib †h, wZwb †Kv‡bv wkv †Mvcb †i‡L wM‡q‡Qb, †Mvc‡b KvD‡K Rvwb‡q wM‡q‡Qb A_ev
Bmjv‡gi †h wkv wZwb mevB‡K `vb K‡i‡Qb Zv‡Z Ac~Y©Zv Av‡Q, A_ev Zvi c‡i †KD Bmjv‡gi c~Y©Zv `vb Ki‡Z cv‡i, Zvn‡j
wZwb (gynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyj­vn) GB K_v wek¦vm K‡ib wb| eis wZwb `vwe K‡i‡Qb †h, gynv¤§v` (�) Avj­vni ivm~j wnmv‡e Zuvi `vwqZ¡
cvjb K‡ib wb (bvDhywej­vn!)|
3. 2. 5. Zuvi wkvi wbf©yjZv
GKRb gymwjg wek¦vm K‡ib †h, gnvbex gynv¤§v` � Avj­vni g‡bvbxZ me©‡kªô, me©Rbxb I me©‡kl bex I ivm~j
wnmv‡e Avj­vni c †_‡K hv wKQy D¤§Z‡K wkwL‡q‡Qb I Rvwb‡q‡Qb mewKQyB wZwb mZ¨ e‡j‡Qb| Zvi mKj wkv, mKj
K_v m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e mZ¨| D¤§‡Zi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv, K_vwU wZwb e‡j‡Qb wKbv, Kg©wU wZwb K‡i‡Qb wKbv ev wkvwU wZwb
w`‡q‡Qb wKbv Zv hvPvB Kiv| †Kv‡bv K_v, wkv ev Kg© Zuvi e‡j cÖgvwYZ n‡j Zv mZ¨ e‡j MÖnY Kivq †Kv‡bv gywgb wØav
Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| G n‡jv Zuv‡K ivm~j e‡j wek¦vm Kivi A_©| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡـﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﺭـ�ﻔﹾﻐ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﺸ�ﻤﹶﺘ ﺍ�ﺭﻭﹸﻨ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ْل�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﻠﹾﻔ�ﻜ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺘْﺅ�ﻴ �ﻪِﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
�ﻡﻴ �ﺤ�ﺭ �ﺭﻭﹸﻔﹶﻏ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
Ò†n gyÕwgbMY †Zvgiv Avj­vn‡K fq Ki Ges Zvi ivm~‡ji Dci wek¦vm ¯’vcb Ki, wZwb Zuvi ingZ †_‡K †Zvgv‡`i‡K
wظY cyi¯‹vi `vb Ki‡eb Ges †Zvgv‡`i‡K wZwb byi (Av‡jv ev †R¨vwZ) `vb Ki‡eb, hvi mvnv‡h¨ †Zvgiv Pj‡e Ges
†Zvgv‡`i‡K wZwb gv Ki‡eb| Ges Avj­vn gvkxj Ki“Yvgq|ÕÕ 234
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
�ﺭﻴﹺﺒﹶﺨ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻟ�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﹺﺭﻭﱡﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪِﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺂﹶﻓ
ÔÔAZGe †Zvgiv Avj­vni Dci Ges Zvi ivm~‡ji Dci Ges †h b~i (Av‡jv ev †R¨vwZ) Avwg bvwhj K‡iwQ Zvi
(KziAv‡bi) Dci wek¦vm ¯’vcb Ki| Ges Avj­vn †Zvgv‡`i Kg© m¤ú‡K© mwe‡kl AewnZ|ÕÕ 235
Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻠ�ﺴﹶﺘ ﺍﻭ�ﻤﱢﻠ�ﺴ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﹶﺕ�ﻴ�ﻀﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﺠ�ﺭ�ﺤ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻨَﺃ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﺩﹺﺠ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﺭ�ﺠﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻓ �ﻙﻭ�ﻤﱢﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ�ﻭ ﻼﹶﻓ
ÔÔ†Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki kc_, Zviv KL‡bvB gywgb n‡Z cvi‡e bv hZY bv Zviv Zv‡`i g‡a¨ weivwRZ mKj wel‡q †Zvgvi
weav‡bi ¯§iYvcbœ n‡e, †Zvgvi †`Iqv weav‡bi e¨vcv‡i Zv‡`i g‡bi Mfx‡i †Kv‡bv AvcwË Abyfe Ki‡e bv Ges me©vš—tKi‡Y
Avcbvi weavb †g‡b †b‡e|ÕÕ 236
Kv‡RB †Kv‡bv weavb ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi e‡j KziAvb ev mnxn nv`x‡mi gva¨‡g cÖgvwYZ n‡j †m wel‡q Avi †Kv‡bv
gywg‡bi ü`‡q wØav ev AvcwË _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﺹـ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥـ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻫﹺﺭـ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹸﺓ�ﺭ�ﻴ�ﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻪﹸﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰ�ﻀﹶﻗ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﺔﹶﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹴﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤِﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ﺎﹰﻨﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ ﻻﻼ�ﻀ ﱠل�ﻀ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪﹶﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ
ÔÔAvj­vn I Zuvi ivm~j †Kv‡bv weavb `vb Ki‡j †m e¨vcv‡i †Kv‡bv gywgb cyi“l ev bvixi Avi †Kv‡bv cQ›` Kivi ev
evQvB Kivi AwaKvi _v‡K bv| Avi †h e¨w³ Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji Aeva¨Zv Kij †m ¯úó weåvwš— I c_åóZvi g‡a¨
wbcwZZ nj|ÕÕ 237
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡jb:
72

73
ﺍﻭ�ﻬﹶﺘﹾﻨﺎﹶﻓ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎ�ﻬﹶﻨ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻩﻭﹸﺫﹸﺨﹶﻓ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎﹶﺘَﺁ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÔÔivm~j †Zvgv‡`i‡K hv w`‡q‡Qb †Zvgiv Zv MÖnY K‡iv, Avi wZwb hv wb‡la K‡i‡Qb Zv †_‡K †Zvgiv weiZ
_vK|ÕÕ 238
ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi Dci wek¦vm Avbqb bv Ki‡j, Zvui mKj wkv I mKj K_v‡K mZ¨ e‡j bv gvb‡j Avj­vn‡K gvbv
ev Avj­vni Dci wek¦vm ¯’vcb Kivi †Kv‡bv g~j¨ _v‡K bv| ivm~jyj­vn (�)-‡K ev Zuvi †Kv‡bv cÖgvwYZ wkv‡K Awek¦vm ev
AeÁv Kivi A_© P~ovš— Kzd&ix Ges Zvi cwiYwZ fqsKi| Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﻌ�ﺴ �ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻠِﻟ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺩﹶﺘ�ﻋَﺃ ﺎﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻪِﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÔÔAvi hw` †KD Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji cÖwZ wek¦vm ¯’vcb bv K‡i, Z‡e Avwg Kvwdi‡`i Rb¨ R¡jš— AwMœ cÖ¯‘Z K‡i
†i‡LwQ|ÕÕ 239
Kv‡RB †Kv‡bv K_v ev wkv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi e‡j cÖgvwYZ n‡j Zv Awek¦vm Kiv, Ae‡njv Kiv, AeÁv Kiv ev weK…Z Kiv
†Kv‡bv gymwj‡gi Kg© bq| Avgiv Rvwb Avj­vni c †_‡K wZwb †h wkv w`‡q‡Qb Zv `ywU m~Î †_‡K Avgiv cvB: KziAvb Kvixg I
nv`xm kixd| hw` †Kv‡bv K_v ev wkv cweÎ KziAv‡b Av‡Q ev mnxn nv`x‡m Av‡Q e‡j Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi, Z‡e Zv‡K me©vš—
tKi‡Y †g‡b †bIqv I wek¦vm KivB gymwj‡gi `vwqZ¡|
3. 2. 6. Zuvi AvbyMZ¨
Ôgynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyj­vnÕ- G wek¦v‡mi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask n‡jv Rxe‡bi mKj †‡Î mvwe©Kfv‡e Zvi AvbyMZ¨ Kiv| Rxe‡bi
mKj wel‡q, mKj †‡Î gnvbexi wkv, weavb I wb‡`©k wØavnxb wP‡Ë †g‡b †bIqv| mKj gvby‡li K_v I mKj g‡Zi D‡×©
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi K_v‡K ¯’vb †`Iqv|
Zuvi AvbyMZ¨B Cgv‡bi AvjvgZ| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺘﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﻴ�ﻁَﺃ�ﻭ
ÒAvj­vn Ges Zuvi ivm~‡ji ûKzg gvb¨ Ki- hw` Cgvb`vi n‡q _vK|Ó 240
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﹸﺘ �ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻠ�ﻌﹶﻟ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﻴ�ﻁَﺃ�ﻭ
ÒAvi †Zvgiv AvbyMZ¨ Ki Avj­vn I ivm~‡ji, hv‡Z †Zvgv‡`i‡K ingZ Kiv nq|Ó 241
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡jb,
�ﻡﻴ�ﻅ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺯ�ﻭﹶﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ �ﻥﻴ�ﺩِﻟﺎﹶﺨ �ﺭﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ َﻷﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﺘ�ﺤﹶﺘ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺠﹶﺘ �ﺕﺎﱠﻨ�ﺠ �ﻪﹾﻠ�ﺨ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻪﹶﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻊ�ﻁ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
Ò†h †KD Avj­vn I ivm~‡ji Av‡`kg‡Zv P‡j, wZwb Zv‡K RvbœvZmg~‡n cÖ‡ek Kiv‡eb, †h¸‡jvi Zj‡`k w`‡q †mªvZw¯^bx
cÖevwnZ n‡e| Zviv †mLv‡b wPiKvj _vK‡e| G n‡jv weivU mvdj¨|Ó 242
Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb,
�ﻥ�ﺴ�ﺤ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﺤِﻟﺎ�ﺼﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺀﺍ�ﺩ �ﻬﱡﺸﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﻘﻴ�ﺩ�ﺼﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﻴﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻌﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻊ�ﻤ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟ�ﻭُﺄﹶﻓ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻊ�ﻁ�ﻴ
�ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ﺎﹰﻘﻴ�ﻓ�ﺭ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟ�ﻭُﺃ
ÒAvi hw` †KD Avj­vni ûKzg Ges Zuvi im~‡ji ûKzg gvb¨ K‡i, Z‡e hv‡`i cÖwZ Avj­vn wbqvgZ `vb K‡i‡Qb †m Zv‡`i m½x
n‡e| Zviv bex, wmÏxK, knx` I mrKg©kxj e¨w³eM©| Avi mv_x wn‡m‡e ZvivB DËg|Ó 243
Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺯِﺌﺎﹶﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﹾﻘﱠﺘ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹶﺵﹾﺨ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻊ�ﻁ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
Òhviv Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji AvbyMZ¨ K‡i, Avj­vn‡K fq K‡i I Zuvi kvw¯— †_‡K AvZ¥iv K‡i ZvivB K…ZKvh©|Ó 244
Gfv‡e KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji (�) AvbyMZ¨‡K Cgv‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask wn‡m‡e D‡j­L Kiv
n‡q‡Q Ges gywg‡bi RvMwZK mdjZv I cvi‡jŠwKK gyw³i kZ© wn‡m‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b jYxq †h, Avj­vni
AvbyMZ¨ g~jZ Zuvi ivm~‡ji (�) AvbyM‡Z¨i gva¨‡gB m¤¢e| KviY Avj­vni AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡Z n‡j Zvi Av‡`k wb‡la Rvb‡Z
n‡e| Avi Avj­vni Av‡`k wb‡la GKgvÎ ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi cÖvß Inxi gva¨g Qvov †Kv‡bvfv‡eB Rvbv m¤¢e bq| Gfv‡e

Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi AvbyMZ¨B Avj­vni AvbyMZ¨| welqwU KziAvb Kvix‡g ¯úófv‡eB ejv n‡q‡Q:
74
ﺎﹰﻅﻴ�ﻔ�ﺤ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻙﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ ﻰﱠﻟ�ﻭﹶﺘ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻉﺎﹶﻁَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻊ�ﻁ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Ò†h e¨w³ ivm~‡ji ûKzg gvb¨ Kij †m Avj­vniB ûKzg gvb¨ Kij| Avi †h †jvK wegyLZv Aej¤^b Kij, Avwg
Avcbv‡K, Zv‡`i Rb¨ iYv‡eYKvix wbhy³ K‡i cvVvBwb|Ó 245
Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﻰـﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺍﻭ�ﺩﹶﺘ�ﻬﹶﺘ �ﻩﻭ�ﻌﻴ�ﻁﹸﺘ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻭ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻠ�ﻤ�ﺤ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ�ﻭ َل�ﻤ�ﺤ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ ﺍﻭﱠﻟ�ﻭﹶﺘ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﻴ�ﻁَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﻴ�ﻁَﺃ ْلﹸﻗ
ﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﻍﻼ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ
Òej, Avj­vni AvbyMZ¨ Ki Ges ivm~‡ji AvbyMZ¨ Ki| AZtci hw` †Zvgiv Zuvi (ivm~j) †_‡K gyL wdwi‡q bvI,
Z‡e Zvi Dci b¨¯— `vwq‡Z¡i R‡b¨ †m `vqx Ges †Zvgv‡`i Dci b¨¯— `vwq‡Z¡i R‡b¨ †Zvgiv `vqx| †Zvgiv hw` Zuvi AvbyMZ¨
Ki, Z‡e mwVK c_ cv‡e| ivm~‡ji `vwqZ¡ †Zv †Kej my¯úóiƒ‡c †cuŠ‡Q †`qv|Ó 246
GLv‡bI Avgiv †`LwQ †h, ivm~jyj­vn (�) †_‡K gyL wdwi‡q †bIqvB Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji †_‡K gyL wdwi‡q †bIqv|
RvMwZK wel‡q mvgvwRK, ivóªxq ev ag©xq †bZ…e„›` ev ÔAv‡`k-wb‡l‡ai AwaKvix‡`iÕ AvbyMZ¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq| Z‡e G wel‡q
†h †Kv‡bv gZ‡f` ev mgm¨v wb®úwË Ki‡Z Aek¨ ivm~jyj­vn � ev Zuvi wkvi Kv‡Q wd‡i Avm‡Z n‡e| gynv¤§v` (�)-‡K Avj­vni
ivm~j e‡j wek¦vmKvix cÖwZwU gymwj‡gi Ab¨Zg `vwqZ¡ n‡jv Zv‡`i ga¨Kvi mKj gZwe‡iv‡ai wb¯úwË Kiv Zvi wb‡`©k I wkv
Abymv‡i, A_©vr KziAvb-nv`x‡mi wb‡`©k Abymv‡i| KziAv‡b ev nv`x‡m †h wb‡`©k _vK‡e Zv me©vš—tKi‡Y †g‡b wb‡Z n‡e|
wb‡R‡`i gZvg‡Zi D‡×© ¯’vb w`‡Z n‡e Zuvi wm×vš—‡K| G wel‡q GKwU AvqvZ Avgiv Dc‡i †`‡LwQ| Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn
e‡jb:
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰـﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻩﻭ�ﺩ�ﺭـﹶﻓ �ﺀ�ﻲـﹶﺸ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﻋ�ﺯﺎﹶﻨﹶﺘ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﹺﺭ�ﻤَﻷﺍ ﻲِﻟ�ﻭُﺃ�ﻭ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﻴ�ﻁَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﻴ�ﻁَﺃ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃﺎ�ﻴ
ﹺﺭ�ﺨﻵﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅﹸﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ�ﻭ
Ò†n Cgvb`viMY! AvbyMZ¨ Ki Avj­vni, AvbyMZ¨ Ki ivm~‡ji Ges †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv ÔAv‡`‡ki gvwjKÕ Zv‡`i|
Zvici hw` †Zvgiv †Kv‡bv wel‡q weev‡` cÖe„Ë n‡q co, Zvn‡j Zv Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji cÖwZ cÖZ¨c©Y Ki, hw` †Zvgiv
Avj­vn I †kl w`e‡mi Dci wek¦vmx n‡q _vK|Ó 247
3. 2. 7. Zuvi AbyKiY
BZvÔAvZ ev AvbyMZ¨ A_© Av‡`k wb‡la cvjb Kiv| Avi Av‡`k-wb‡l‡ai evB‡iI K‡g© I eR©‡b AbyKiY‡K Aviex‡Z
ÔBwËevÕ ejv nq| Ôgynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyj­vnÕ wek¦v‡mi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask I `vwe n‡jv K‡g© I eR©‡b ûeû Zuvi AbyKiY Kiv| wZwb hv
wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb Zv cvjb Kiv Ges wZwb hv wb‡la K‡i‡Qb Zv eR©b Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ gynv¤§` (�)-‡K ivm~j wn‡m‡e wek¦vmKvix
cÖwZwU gymwj‡gi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv Rxe‡bi mKj ch©v‡q K‡g© I eR©‡b Zuvi AbymiY I AbyKiY Kiv| wZwb hv †hfv‡e K‡i‡Qb Zv Kiv
Ges wZwb hv eR©b K‡i‡Qb Zv eR©b Kiv| K‡g© I eR©‡b Zuvi mybœvZ ev Rxebv`k©B gymwj‡gi Rb¨ m‡e©vËg Av`k©| gnvb Avj­vn
e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺜﹶﻜ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺭﹶﻜﹶﺫ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﺨﻵﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻭ�ﺠ�ﺭ�ﻴ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤِﻟ ﹲﺔﹶﻨ�ﺴ�ﺤ ﹲﺓ�ﻭ�ﺴُﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ
�ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ
Òwbðq †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ ivm~jyj­vni g‡a¨ DËg Av`k© i‡q‡Q, hviv Avj­vn I †kl w`e‡mi Avkv iv‡L Ges Avj­vn‡K
AwaK ¯§iY K‡i Zv‡`i Rb¨|Ó 248
G †_‡K ¯úóZB eySv hvq †h, ïay hviv Avj­vn I †kl w`e‡mi Avkv iv‡L bv, A_©vr ïaygvÎ KvwdiivB Zuvi Av`k©
MÖnY K‡i bv ev c~Y©v½ g‡b K‡i bv| ïay Kv‡di‡`i Rb¨B Ab¨ Kv‡iv Av`‡k©i cÖ‡qvRb nq| gywgb‡`i Rb¨ Zuvi Av`k©B
cwic~Y© Av`k©| Avi ûeû Zuvi Av`‡k© Rxeb cwiPvjbvB Cgv‡bi AvjvgZ|
Zuvi Av`‡k©i AbymiY I Rxeb MVbB Avj­vni †cÖg, gv I gyw³ jv‡fi GKgvÎ c_| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﻴ�ﻁَﺃ ْلﹸﻗ . �ﻡﻴ �ﺤ�ﺭ �ﺭﻭﹸﻔﹶﻏ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒﻭﹸﻨﹸﺫ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒﹺﺒ�ﺤ�ﻴ ﻲ�ﻨﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘﺎﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭ�ﺒ�ﺤﹸﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ ْلﹸﻗ
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺤ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ ﺍ�ﻭﱠﻟ�ﻭﹶﺘ
Òej, hw` †Zvgiv Avj­vn‡K fvjevm, Zvn‡j Avgv‡K AbymiY Ki, hv‡Z Avj­vnI †Zvgv‡`i‡K fvjev‡mb Ges
†Zvgv‡`i‡K †Zvgv‡`i cvc gvR©bv K‡i †`b| Avi Avj­vn n‡jb gvKvix `qvjy| ej, Avj­vn I im~‡ji AvbyMZ¨ cÖKvk

Ki| e¯‘Z hw` Zviv wegyLZv Aej¤^b K‡i, Zvn‡j Avj­vn Kvwdiw`M‡K fvjev‡mb bv|Ó 249
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`wL †h, ÔjvBjvnv Bj­vj­vnÕ wek¦v‡mi A_© n‡jv, P~ovš— I A‡jŠwKK fw³ ev fq I Avkv wgwkªZ A‡jŠwKK
fw³ I webq GKgvÎ Avj­vni Rb¨| Avi Ôgynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyj­vnÕ wek¦v‡mi A_© n‡jv cÖkœvZxZ I mvgwMÖK AvbyMZ¨ I AbymiY
GKgvÎ gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi Rb¨| Kv‡RB hw` †KD wek¦vm K‡i †h, c„w_ex‡Z Ggb †Kv‡bv gvbyl Av‡Q †h Zuvi AvbyM‡Z¨i E‡×© ev
†m Ggb ch©v‡q †cuŠ‡Q wM‡q‡Q †hLv‡b ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi AvbyMZ¨ I AbymiY bv Ki‡jI Zvi P‡j, A_ev Zuvi AvbyMZ¨-AbyKiY
QvovI Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ jvf m¤¢e Zvn‡j †m e¨w³ gymwjg e‡j MY¨ n‡e bv, hw`I †m †Kv‡bv wel‡q Zuvi AvbyMZ¨ I AbymiY K‡i|
3. 2. 8. AbyKi‡Yi e¨wZµg Cgvb weaŸsmx
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Abymi‡Yi AwZwi³ ev e¨wZµg †Kv‡bv K‡g©i g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv Kj¨vY Av‡Q e‡j gywgb wek¦vm K‡ib bv|
Ôgynv¤§v` (�) Avj­vni ivm~jÕ GK_v wek¦vm Kivi A_© n‡jv Avj­vn‡K WvK‡Z n‡j, Zuv‡K †c‡Z n‡j, Zuvi eÜzZ¡, †ejvqvZ,
mvIqve, †cÖg I Ki“Yv jvf Ki‡Z n‡j, Zuvi Bev`Z Ki‡Z n‡j ev Zuvi mš‘wó AR©b Ki‡Z n‡j Aek¨B gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi wkv
Abymv‡i Avj­vn‡K WvK‡Z n‡e ev Zuvi Bev`Z Ki‡Z n‡e| Zuvi wkvi evB‡i, e¨wZµg ev AwZwi³ †Kv‡bv c×wZ‡Z Avj­vn‡K
WvK‡j ev Bev`Z Ki‡j Zv KL‡bv Avj­vni wbKU MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv|
gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
75
�ﻡﻴِﻟَﺃ �ﺏﺍﹶﺫ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺒﻴ�ﺼ�ﻴ �ﻭَﺃ ﹲﺔﹶﻨﹾﺘ�ﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺒﻴ�ﺼﹸﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻩﹺﺭ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭﹸﻔِﻟﺎﹶﺨ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﹺﺭﹶﺫ�ﺤ�ﻴﹾﻠﹶﻓ
ÔÔAZGe hviv Zuvi (ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi) Av‡`‡ki e¨wZµg ev wei“×vPviY K‡i, Zviv †hb mZK© nq, Zv‡`i Dci wech©q
AvcwZZ n‡e, A_ev †Kv‡bv KwVb kvw¯— Zv‡`i Dci AvcwZZ n‡e|ÕÕ 250
ÔgyLvjvdvnÕ (ﺔﻔﻟﺎﺨﻤ) A_© e¨wZµg Kiv ev we‡ivwaZv Kiv (to contradict, to be at variance)| ÔwLjvdÕ ( ﻑﻼـﺨ) A_©
e¨wZµg, wecixZ ev AmgÄm (difference, dissimilarity)| G †_‡K Avgiv eywS †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Kg©, wkv ev Av`‡k©i
e¨wZµg ev Zuvi c‡_i e¨wZµg Pjv ev Zuvi wkvi e¨wZµg wKQz KivB fq¼i wec` I aŸs‡mi KviY|
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
. �ﻡﻴ�ﻠ�ﻋ
�ﻊﻴ�ﻤ�ﺴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪِﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻱ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﻤ�ﺩﹶﻘﹸﺘ ﻻ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
Ò†n gywgbMY, Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji mg‡ †Zvgiv †Kv‡bv wel‡q AMÖeZ©x n‡qv bv Ges Avj­vn‡K fq Ki; Avj­vn me©‡kªvZv
I me©Á|Ó 251
Avgiv Rvwb †h, GKgvÎ Avj­vni ivm~‡ji gva¨‡gB Avgiv Avj­vni wb‡`©kbv jvf K‡iwQ| Kv‡RB Avj­vni ivm~‡ji
mvg‡b GwM‡q hvIqv ev AMÖeZ©x nIqvi A_©B Avj­vni mvg‡b AMÖYx nIqv| †Kv‡bv gywg‡bi c‡ m¤¢e bq ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi
wkv, Av`k©, c_ I gZ †_‡K GKUz mvg‡b AMÖeZ©x n‡e ev `xb eyS‡Z, cvjb Ki‡Z ev Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ jvf Ki‡Z Zuvi
AwZwi³ wKQz Kg© Ki‡e|
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹾﺕ�ﺀﺎ�ﺴ�ﻭ �ﻡﱠﻨ�ﻬ�ﺠ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺼﹸﻨ�ﻭ ﻰﱠﻟ�ﻭﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱢﻟ�ﻭﹸﻨ �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ِلﻴﹺﺒ�ﺴ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﻊﹺﺒﱠﺘ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻬﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻕ�ﻗﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺼ�ﻤ
ÒKv‡iv wbKU mrc_ cÖKvk nIqvi ci †m hw` ivm~‡ji wei“×vPiY K‡i Ges gywgb‡`i c_ e¨ZxZ Ab¨ c_ AbymiY
K‡i, Z‡e †hw`K †m wd‡i hvq †mw`‡KB Zv‡K wdwi‡q w`e Ges Rvnvbœv‡g Zv‡K `» Kie, Avi Zv KZB bv g›` Avevm!Ó 252
ivm~jyj­vn � A‡bK nv`x‡m Zuvi c‡_i ev Av`‡k©i evB‡i Pj‡Z KwVbfv‡e wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi ixwZ, c×wZ ev
K‡g©i evB‡i †Kv‡bv Kg© Ki‡j Zv Avj­vn Keyj Ki‡eb bv e‡j Rvwb‡q‡Qb| Zuvi K‡g©i ev Av`‡k©i evB‡i be-D¢vweZ Kg©
ev c×wZ‡K Ôweåvwš— e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb| GK nv`x‡m Av‡qkv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb:
�ﺩ�ﺭ �ﻭ�ﻬﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﻼ�ﻤ�ﻋ َل�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ
ÒAvgv‡`i Kg© hv bq Ggb †Kv‡bv Kg© hw` †Kv‡bv gvbyl K‡i Zvn‡j Zvi Kg© cÖZ¨vL¨vZ n‡e (Avj­vni wbKU Keyj
n‡e bv)|Ó 253
G welqK Av‡iv A‡bK nv`xm Avgiv 6ô Aa¨v‡q we`ÔAvZ I wefw³ welqK Av‡jvPbvq D‡j­L Kie, Bbkv Avj­vn|
GLv‡b Avgiv g~jbxwZ wn‡m‡e ej‡Z cvwi †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi AbyKi‡Yi e¨wZµg gywg‡bi Cgv‡bi Rb¨ fq¼i| Rxe‡bi
cÖwZ wel‡q I cÖwZ K‡g©B ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Av`k© i‡q‡Q| Av‡`k wb‡la QvovI Zuvi Kg©ixwZi wewfbœ w`K i‡q‡Q| cÖwZ
wel‡qB Zuvi Kg©ixwZ AbymiY cÖ‡qvRb| Aš—Z Zuvi Kg©ixwZ‡K AcQ›` Kivi ch©v‡q †Kv‡bv gywgbB †h‡Z cv‡ib bv| Avbvm

web gv‡jK (iv.) e‡jb :
�ﻥـ�ﻴَﺃ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻫﻭﱡﻟﺎﹶﻘﹶﺘ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨَﺄﹶﻜ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹺﺒﹾﺨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻠﹶﻓ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺓ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴ�ﻴ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﹺﺝﺍ�ﻭ�ﺯَﺃ �ﺕﻭ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻁ�ﻫ�ﺭ ﹸﺔﹶﺜﻼﹶﺜ �ﺀﺎ�ﺠ
�ﻡﻭ�ﺼَﺃ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ �ﺭﹶﺨﺁ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ . ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺒَﺃ َل�ﻴﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻲﱢﻠ�ﺼُﺃ ﻲﱢﻨِﺈﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻗ . �ﺭﱠﺨَﺄﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒﹾﻨﹶﺫ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﺩﹶﻘﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﺭ�ﻔﹸﻏ �ﺩﹶﻗ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﺤﹶﻨ
ﺍﹶﺫـﹶﻜ �ﻡﹸﺘـﹾﻠﹸﻗ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫـﱠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ " : َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﺀﺎ�ﺠﹶﻓ . ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺒَﺃ �ﺝ�ﻭ�ﺯﹶﺘَﺃ ﻼﹶﻓ �ﺀﺎ�ﺴﱢﻨﻟﺍ ُلﹺﺯﹶﺘ�ﻋَﺃ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ �ﺭﹶﺨﺁ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ . �ﺭ�ﻁﹾﻓُﺃ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﻫ�ﺩﻟﺍ
ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻨـ�ﺴ �ﻥـ�ﻋ �ﺏ�ﻏ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﺀﺎ�ﺴﱢﻨﻟﺍ �ﺝ�ﻭ�ﺯﹶﺘ َﺃ�ﻭ �ﺩﹸﻗ�ﺭَﺃ�ﻭ ﻲﱢﻠ�ﺼُﺃ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﻁﹾﻓُﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﻭ�ﺼَﺃ ﻲﱢﻨ�ﻜﹶﻟ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎﹶﻘﹾﺘَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎﹶﺸﹾﺨَﻷ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻤَﺃ ؟ﺍﹶﺫﹶﻜ�ﻭ
. " ﻲﱢﻨ�ﻤ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻠﹶﻓ
ÒwZb e¨w³ ivm~jyj­vn � ÑGi ¯¿xM‡Yi wbKU †h‡q Zuvi Bev`Z m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Ki‡jb| Zuviv Zuvi Bev`Z m¤ú‡K©
Rvbv‡jb| g‡b n‡jv GB cÖkœKvix mvnvexMY ivm~jyj­vn � ÑGi Bev`Z wKQyUv Kg fve‡jb| Zuviv ej‡jb : ivm~jyj­vn �
ÑGi mv‡_ wK Avgv‡`i Zzjbv n‡Z cv‡i? Avj­vn Zuvi c~e©eZx© I ceiZx© mKj †Mvbvn gv K‡i w`‡q‡Qb (Zuvi †Kv‡bv
†Mvbvn †bB, Avi Avgiv †MvbvnMvi D¤§Z, Avgv‡`i DwPr Zuvi †P‡qI †ewk Bev`Z Kiv)| ZLb Zv‡`i GKRb ej‡jb:
Avwg me©`v mviv ivZ †R‡M (iv‡Zi ev Zvnv¾y‡`i) mvjvZ Av`vq Kie| Ab¨Rb ej‡jb: Avwg me©`v wmqvg cvjb Kie,
KLbB †ivhv fv½e bv| Ab¨Rb ej‡jb: Avwg KL‡bv weevn Kie bv, AvRxeb bvix msmM© cwiZ¨vM Kie| ivm~jyj­vn �
G‡`i K_v Rvb‡Z †c‡i G‡`i‡K e‡jb: †Zvgiv wK G ai‡bi K_v e‡jQ? †Zvgiv †R‡b ivL! Avwg †Zvgv‡`i mK‡ji †P‡q
Avj­vn‡K †ewk fq Kwi, ZvKIqvi w`K †_‡K Avwg †Zvgv‡`i mevi Dc‡i Ae¯’vb Kwi| Zv m‡Ë¡I Avwg gv‡Sgv‡S (bdj)
wmqvg cvjb Kwi, Avevi gv‡Sgv‡S wmqvg cwiZ¨vM Kwi| iv‡Z wKQy mgq Zvnv¾y` Av`vq Kwi Ges wKQy mgq NygvB| Avwg
weevn K‡iwQ- ¯¿x‡`i‡K mgq cÖ`vb Kwi| †h e¨w³ Avgvi mybœvZ AcQ›` Kij Zvi mv‡_ Avgvi †Kv‡bv m¤úK© †bB|Ó 254
GLv‡b G mKj mvnvex g~jZ ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi ixwZ‡K AcQ›` K‡ib wb| Zuviv Zuvi ixwZ †R‡bwQ‡jb Ges †g‡bI
wb‡qwQ‡jb, Z‡e Zuv‡`i wb‡R‡`i Rb¨ AwZwi³ wKQz †bK Avg‡ji Rb¨ Zuvi mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg wKQz c×wZi K_v wPš—v K‡iwQ‡jb|
Avgiv Rvwb, mvivivZ Zvnv¾y` Av`vq Kiv wbwl× bq| nvivg w`em¸wj ev` w`‡q mviv gvm wmqvg cvjbI wbwl× bq| Abyiƒcfv‡e
†Kv‡bv cyi“‡li cÖ‡qvRb bv _vK‡j ev Amyweav _vK‡j AweevwnZ _vKvI me©ve¯’vq wbwl× bq| wKš‘ ivm~jyj­vn � AZ¨š— ¸i“‡Z¡i
mv‡_ Zuv‡`i‡K wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| KviY Avj­vni ˆbKU¨, †ejvqvZ, mš‘wó ev mvIqv‡ei Rb¨ ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi ixwZi evB‡i ev
AwZwi³ †Kv‡bv ixwZi AbymiY Kiv gvby‡li g‡b G aviYv m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i †h, †KejgvÎ mybœv‡Zi g‡a¨ mxgve× †_‡K Kg© Ki‡j
†evanq cÖ‡qvRbxq †ejvqvZ, mš‘wó ev mvIqve AR©b Kiv m¤¢e n‡e bv| AweKj mybœvZ AbymiYKvixi †P‡q AwZwi³ ev e¨wZµg
ixwZwU Zvi Kv‡Q DËg g‡b n‡Z cv‡i| g‡b n‡Z cv‡i Zvnv¾y` LyeB fvj Bev`Z, Kv‡RB iv‡Z wKQz mgq Nywg‡q bó Kivi †P‡q
mvivivZ GB gnvb Bev`‡Z gvk¸j _vKvB DËg| iv‡Zi A‡bKLvwb mgq Nywg‡q bó K‡i wK jvf? BZ¨vw`| Avi G‡KB ivm~jyj­vn
� ÔZuvi mybœvZ‡K AcQ›` KivÕ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb|
mvÕ` web Avwe Iqv°vm (iv) e‡jb:
�ﻡـﹶﻟ ﻲـﱢﻨِﺇ �ﻥﺎ�ﻤﹾﺜ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻴ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ﹶﺙ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﺀﺎ�ﺴﱢﻨﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﺭﹶﺘ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﹴﻥﻭ�ﻌﹾﻅ�ﻤ ﹺﻥ�ﺒ �ﻥﺎ�ﻤﹾﺜ�ﻋ ﹺﺭ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻟ
ﹶﻕﱢﻠﹶﻁُﺃ�ﻭ �ﺢ�ﻜﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻌﹾﻁَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﻭ�ﺼَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻲﱢﻠ�ﺼُﺃ �ﻥَﺃ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻨ�ﺴ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺇ
َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ﻻ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻨ�ﺴ �ﻥ�ﻋ ﹶﺕ�ﺒ�ﻏ�ﺭَﺃ �ﺔ�ﻴ�ﻨﺎ�ﺒ�ﻫ�ﺭﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﺭ�ﻤﻭُﺃ
. ﻲﱢﻨ�ﻤ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻠﹶﻓ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻨ�ﺴ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﺏ�ﻏ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓ
ÒhLb Dmgvb web gvhEb (iv) `v¤úZ¨ Rxeb ev ¯¿x msmM© cwiZ¨v‡Mi wPš—v K‡ib ZLb ivm~jyj­vn � Zuv‡K †W‡K cvVvb
Ges e‡jb: Dmgvb, Avgv‡K ˆeiv‡M¨i wb‡`©k †`Iqv nqwb, Zzwg wK Avgvi mybœvZ‡K AcQ›` KiQ? wZwb e‡jb: bv, Bqv
ivm~jvj­vn, Avwg Avcbvi mybœvZ‡K AcQ›` KiwQ bv| ivm~‡j AvKivg (�) e‡jb: Avgvi mybœv‡Zi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q †h, Avwg iv‡Z
Zvnv¾y` cwo Avevi NygvB, KL‡bv (bdj) wmqvg cvjb Kwi, KL‡bv Kwi bv, weevn Kwi, Avevi weevn we‡”Q`I Kwi| †h e¨w³
Avgvi mybœvZ‡K AcQ›` Ki‡e Zvi mv‡_ Avgvi m¤úK© †bB|Ó 255
G A‡_© Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avãyj­vn Beby Avgi (iv) e‡jb, Avgvi AveŸv Avgv‡K weevn †`b, wKš‘ Bev`‡Zi AvMÖ‡ni Kvi‡Y
Avwg ivZw`b bvgvh †ivhvq e¨¯— _vKZvg Ges Avgvi ¯¿xi Kv‡Q †hZvg bv| ZLb Avgvi AveŸv Avgv‡K A‡bK ivM K‡ib
Ges ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi Kv‡Q Avgvi wei“‡× bvwjk K‡ib| Avãyj­vn (iv) e‡jb,
�ﺭـ�ﻁﹾﻓُﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﻭـ�ﺼَﺃ ﻲﱢﻨ�ﻜﹶﻟ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡ�ﻌﹶﻨ ﹸﺕﹾﻠﹸﻗ
َل�ﻴﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ�ﻭ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡ�ﻌﹶﻨ ﹸﺕﹾﻠﹸﻗ �ﺭﺎ�ﻬﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻡﻭ�ﺼﹶﺘَﺃ ﻲِﻟ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪﹸﺘ�ﻴﹶﺘَﺄﹶﻓ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻲﹶﻟِﺇ َل�ﺴ�ﺭَﺄﹶﻓ
ﺎـ�ﻤِﺈﹶﻓ ﹰﺓ�ﺭﹾﺘﹶﻓ �ﺓ�ﺭ�ﺸ ﱢلﹸﻜِﻟ�ﻭ ﹰﺓ�ﺭ�ﺸ �ﺩﹺﺒﺎ�ﻋ ﱢلﹸﻜِﻟ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ � َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡﹸﺜ ... ﻲﱢﻨ�ﻤ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻠﹶﻓ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻨ�ﺴ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﺏ�ﻏ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﺀﺎ�ﺴﱢﻨﻟﺍ �ﺱ�ﻤَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ ﻲﱢﻠ�ﺼُﺃ�ﻭ
. �ﻙﹶﻠ�ﻫ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ ﹺﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻪﹸﺘ�ﺭﹾﺘﹶﻓ ﹾﺕﹶﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﻯ�ﺩﹶﺘ�ﻫﺍ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﺔﱠﻨ�ﺴ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻪﹸﺘ�ﺭﹾﺘﹶﻓ ﹾﺕﹶﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹶﻓ �ﺔ�ﻋ�ﺩﹺﺒ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎ�ﻤِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺔﱠﻨ�ﺴ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ
Òivm~jyj­vn � Avgv‡K †W‡K wb‡q e‡jb: Zzwg wK cÖwZw`b wmqvg cvjb Ki? Avwg ejjvg: nuv| wZwb e‡jb: Zzwg wK
mviv ivZ †R‡M mvjvZ Av`vq Ki? Avwg ejjvg: nvu| wZwb ej‡jb: wKš‘ Avwg †Zv wmqvg cvjb Kwi, Avevi gv‡S gv‡S ev`
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w`B, iv‡Z mvjvZ Av`vq Kwi, Avevi NygvB, ¯¿x‡`i‡K mgq cÖ`vb Kwi| Avi †h e¨w³ Avgvi mybœvZ‡K AcQ›` Kij Avgvi
mv‡_ Zvi m¤úK© _vK‡e bv|... Gici wZwb e‡jb: cÖ‡Z¨K Av‡e‡`i K‡g©i DÏxcbvi †Rvqvi fvUv Av‡Q| Bev`‡Zi
DÏxcbv KL‡bv Zxeª nq Avevi GB ZxeªZv GK mgq †_‡g hvq, KL‡bv mybœv‡Zi w`‡K, KL‡bv we`ÔAv‡Zi w`‡K| hvi w¯’wZcÖkvwš—
mybœv‡Zi cÖwZ n‡e †m †n`v‡qZ cÖvß n‡e| Avi hvi w¯’wZ-cÖkvwš— Ab¨ wKQyi w`‡K n‡e †m aŸsmcÖvß n‡e|Ó 256
GLv‡b cÖkœ n‡jv, Dc‡ii nv`xm¸wj‡Z mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg Kiv‡K ivm~jyj­vn � ÔmybœvZ Ae‡njv KivÕ ev ÔmybœvZ AcQ›` KivÕ
e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Ki‡jb †Kb? Avgiv mywbwðZ †h, Dc‡ii nv`xm¸wj‡Z D‡j­wLZ mvnvexMY KL‡bvB ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mybœvZ ev
ixwZ‡K AcQ›` K‡ib wb| Zuviv Ggb wKQz Ki‡Z B”Qv K‡ib wb hv Bmjv‡gi wbwl×| eis Zuviv wKQz †bK Avgj ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi
ixwZi AwZwi³ ev e¨wZµg c×wZ‡Z cvjb Ki‡Z AvMÖn K‡iwQ‡jb| Zv m‡Ë¡I †Kb evisevi ivm~jyj­vn � Giƒc Kiv‡K ÔZuvi
mybœvZ AcQ›` KivÕ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Ki‡jb Ges ej‡jb †h, †h Zuvi mybœvZ‡K AcQ›` Ki‡e †m Zuvi D¤§vZ bq ev Zuvi mv‡_
m¤úwK©Z bq?
welqwU Abyaveb Kiv AZxe cÖ‡qvRb| mybœvZ, †Ljv‡d mybœvZ I we`ÔAvZ m¤ú‡K© Avwg ÔGnBqvDm mybvbÕ MÖ‡š’ we¯—
vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| G Qvov lô Aa¨v‡q gymwjg D¤§vni wdiKvmg~n, we`ÔAvZx AvKx`v I Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj
RvgvÔAv‡Zi cwiPq cÖm‡½ mybœvZ wel‡q Avgiv we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kie, Bbkv Avj­vn| GLv‡b mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµ‡g Cgv‡bi
wePz¨wZ cÖm‡½ ms‡‡c wb‡gœi K‡qKwU welq D‡j­L Kiv cÖ‡qvRbxq e‡j g‡b KiwQ:
(1) Dc‡ii nv`xm¸wj †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z †c‡iwQ †h, ivm~jyj­vn †h KvR hZUzKz †hfv‡e K‡i‡Qb Zv ZZUzKz I
†mfv‡e KivB mybœvZ Ges wZwb hv K‡ib wb ev eR©b K‡i‡Qb Zv eR©b KivB mybœvZ|
(2) Zuvi mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg Kg© ev c×wZ Bmjv‡gi Ab¨vb¨ `jx‡ji Av‡jv‡K Rv‡qh ev ˆea n‡Z cv‡i, we‡kl †Kv‡bv
Kvi‡Y Ri“ixI n‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e Zv KL‡bvB `x‡bi Ask n‡Z cv‡i bv| Zuvi c×wZi e¨wZµg, †Ljvd ev AwZwi³ †Kv‡bv Kg©,
ixwZ ev c×wZ‡K `x‡bi Ask e‡j g‡b Kiv ev Zv cvjb bv Ki‡j `xb, †ejvqvZ, fw³, mvIqve ev AvwLiv‡Zi gh©v`v mvgvb¨
cwigvY e¨vnZ n‡e e‡j aviYv Kivi A_© ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi c×wZ `x‡bi Rb¨ h‡_ó bq e‡j wek¦vm Kiv| GiB A_© mybœvZ AcQ›`
Kiv| Giƒc wek¦vm †cvlY Kvix gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi wimvjv‡Zi c~Y©Zvq wek¦vmx bq| d‡j †m Avi Zuvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z _vK‡Z cv‡i
bv|
(3) Zvnv¾y‡`i mvjvZ KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K AZ¨š— dhxj‡Zi Bev`Z| G mKj mvaviY `jx‡ji Av‡jv‡K †ewk
†ewk Zvnv¾y` Av`vq ev mvivivZ Zvnv¾y` Av`vq wbwl× bq| †Kv‡bv Avwe` hw` Bev`‡Zi DÏxcbvq Zv KL‡bv K‡ib Z‡e Zv
wZKi bq| Z‡e Zvi K‡g©i w¯’wZ I wbqwgZ Ae¯’vb hw` ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi ixwZi e¨wZµg nq Z‡e Zv wZKi| KviY G
ch©v‡q wZwb ÔmvivivZÕ Zvnv¾y` Avqvq‡K iv‡Zi wKQz Ask Nygv‡bvi †P‡q AwaK dhxjZ e‡j g‡b Ki‡ebB Ges wewfbœ `wjj w`‡q
wb‡Ri Giƒc Kg©‡K iv‡Z wKQz mgq Nywg‡q evwK mgq Zvnv¾y` Av`v‡qi †P‡q AwaK DËg e‡j cÖgvY Ki‡Z m‡Pó _vK‡eb|
m‡e©vcwi †h e¨w³ mvivivZ Zvnv¾y` Av`vq bv K‡i iv‡Z wKQz mgq Nywg‡q KvUvb Zvi cÖwZ wZwb wKQzUv n‡jI Kó †eva Ki‡eb
Ges Zuvi †ejvqvZ, mvIqve ev KvgvjvZ wKQzUv n‡jI Ac~Y© e‡j Abyfe Ki‡eb| Zvi Kv‡Q g‡b n‡e, Gfv‡e wKQz mgq Nywg‡b bó
bv K‡i GKUz Kó K‡i mvivivZ Zvnv¾y` Av`vq Ki‡j Av‡iv †ewk KvgvjvZ wZwb AR©b Ki‡Zb! Gfv‡e †R‡b A_ev bv †R‡b
wZwb ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Avgj I ixwZ‡K ÔAc~Y©Õ e‡j g‡b Ki‡jb!! Avi GB n‡jv mybœvZ AcQ›` Kiv|
(4) mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg †bK Kg© ev †bK K‡g©i ev ixwZi D‡b¥l, DrcwË I weKvk mvaviYZ ÔmybœvZ Ae‡njv KivÕ ev mybœvZ
AcQ›` KivÕ-i Kvi‡Y nq bv, eis Bmjvg wb‡`©wkZ I mybœvZ m¤§Z †bK Avgj †ewk K‡i cvj‡bi Rb¨ Ges †ewk K‡i Avj­vni
cyi¯‹vi I eiKZ jv‡fi Rb¨B Zv n‡q _v‡K| wKš‘ gRvi e¨vcvi GB †h, mKj †Ljv‡d mybœvZB ÔmybœvZ AcQ›` KiviÕ ch©v‡q P‡j
hvq| GLv‡b GKwU gvÎ D`vniY D‡j­L KiwQ|
(5) C‡` gxjv`ybœex I gxjv` gvnwdj wel‡q we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ ÔGnBqvDm mybvbÕ MÖ‡š’| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h,
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi R‡b¥ Avbw›`Z nIqv, Zuvi Rb¥, Rxebx I mxivZ-kvgvBj Av‡jvPbv Kiv ev Zuvi Dci `i“`-mvjvg cvV Kiv
AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡c~Y© mybœvZ m¤§Z Bev`Z| Z‡e G mKj Bev`Z cvj‡bi †‡Î mvnvexMY, ZvweqxMY I cieZ©x K‡qK kZ‡Ki
gymwjgM‡Yi c×wZ wQj mvaviY| gxjv‡` beexi K…ZÁZv cÖKv‡ki mybœvZ c×wZ wQj †mvgevi wmqvg cvjb Kiv| Avi Zuvi
Rb¥ Rxebx Av‡jvPbvi †‡Î †h hLb †hfv‡e †c‡i‡Qb Zuvi Rb¥, Rxebx, mxivZ, kvgvBj BZ¨vw` Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| 7g
wnRix kZvãx †_‡K evrmwiK C‡` gxjv`ybœex D`hvc‡bi c×wZ Pvjy nq| K‡qK kZvãx c‡i gxjv` gvnwd‡ji cÖPjb N‡U|
(6) gymwjg& D¤§vni AvwjgMY GKgZ †h, C‡` gxjv`ybœex I gxjv` gvnwdj Ôwe`ÔAvZÕ ev be-D¢vweZ Kg©| Zuv‡`i
†KD Zv we`ÔAv‡Z nvmvbv Ges †KD Zv we`ÔAv‡Z mvB‡qqvn e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb| hviv Zv we`ÔAv‡Z mvB‡qqvn e‡j‡Qb Zviv
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi R‡b¥ Avb›` cÖKvk, Rb¥, Rxebx, mxivZ-kvgvBj Av‡jvPbv I `i“`-mvjvg cv‡Vi ¸i“Z¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi
wel‡q †Kv‡bviƒc wØgZ †cvlY K‡ib wb| eis Zviv G mKj Bev`Z cvj‡bi †‡Î mybœvZ c×wZ Abymi‡Yi ZvwK`
w`‡q‡Qb| hviv G‡K we`ÔAv‡Z nvmvbv e‡j‡Qb ZvivI G mKj Bev`Z cvj‡bi Rb¨ G c×wZ‡K Ri“ix e‡j MY¨ K‡ib wb,
eis G c×wZ‡K Zviv Rv‡qh ev ˆea e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb|
(7) wKš‘ cÖK…Z Ae¯’v GB †h, hviv C‡` gxjv`ybœex ev gxjv` gvnwdj cvjb K‡ib Zviv we‡kl c×wZ‡K `x‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨
77

Ask e‡j MY¨ K‡ib| GLb hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ AweKj mybœvZ c×wZ‡Z ev mvnvexM‡Yi gZ †mvgev‡i wmqvg cvjb K‡ib, me©`v
`i“`-mvjvg cvV K‡ib Ges ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Rb¥, Rxebx I mxivZ-kvgvBj Av‡jvPbv K‡ib, wKš‘ Zv‡`i wbw`©ó c×wZ‡Z C‡`
gxjv`ybœex ev gxjv` gvnwdj cvjb bv K‡ib Z‡e Zviv KL‡bvB Zv‡K Kvwgj gyËvwK gywgb e‡j g‡b Ki‡eb bv| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †KD
g‡b Ki‡eb †jvKwU fvj, Z‡e Avgv‡`i gZ gxjv` Ki‡j Av‡iv fvj n‡Zv| Avi †KD nqZ ej‡eb, hZ wKQzB Ki bv †Kb,
gxjv` cvjb bv K‡i Rvbœv‡Z †h‡Z cvi‡e bv| †R‡b A_ev bv †R‡b wZwb ÔC‡` gxjv`ybœexÕ ev Ôgxjv` gvnwdjÕ‡KB ivm~jyj­vn �-
Gi R‡b¥ Avb›` cÖKv‡ki Ges Zvi cÖwZ kª×v Ávc‡bi GKgvÎ c_ e‡j MY¨ Ki‡Qb|
(8) Av‡iv jYxq †h, †h e¨w³ Giƒc mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg, wLjv‡d mybœvZ ev Ôwe`ÔAvZÕ Kg© ev c×wZi Abymvix Zvi
g‡a¨ Giƒc Kg© ev c×wZi gynveŸZ ev fvjevmv mvaviYZ mybœv‡Zi fvjevmvi †P‡q A‡bK Mfxi I my`„p nq| whwb gxjv`
gvnwdj ev C` gxjv`ybœex cvjb K‡ib wZwb cÖwZ †mvgev‡i wmqvg cvjb K‡i A_ev mvnvexM‡Yi c×wZ‡Z mxivZ-kvgvBj
Av‡jvPbv K‡i ZZ Z…wß, nvj ev Ôdv‡qhÕ jvf Ki‡eb bv hZUv Z…wß, nvj ev dv‡qh wZwb jvf Ki‡eb AvbyôvwbK gxjv`
cvjb K‡i| Gfv‡e Zvi g‡bi Mfx‡i G wek¦vm `„p n‡Z _v‡K †h, ûeû mybœvZ c×wZ‡Z G mKj Bev`Z cvj‡b c~Y©Z jvf
m¤¢e bq|
(9) †Ljv‡d mybœv‡Zi cÖwZ A¯^vfvweK fvjevmvi GKwU we‡kl w`K GB †h, Giƒc Kg©B gymwjg D¤§vi `jv`wj I
wefw³i Ab¨Zg KviY| hZw`b gxjv‡`i D¢veb nq wb, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi R‡b¥i wbqvg‡Zi K…ZÁZv Ávcb Ges Avb›`
cÖKv‡ki †‡Î gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv wefw³ m„wó nq wb| welqwU wQj Db¥y³| †h hLb †hfv‡e †c‡i‡Qb Zv cvjb
K‡i‡Qb| C‡` gxjv`ybœex Ges gxjv` gvnwd‡ji D¢ve‡bi c‡i A‡bK AvwjgB G welqK weZK© nvév K‡i mg‡SvZvi †Póv
K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ wefw³ †iva Kiv hvq wb| mvaviYfv‡e Ôgxjv‡`i c‡i e¨w³Õ gxjv`‡KB Ô¯^`jÕ I Ô‡e`‡jiÕ gvcKvwV wn‡m‡e
MÖnY K‡ib| hw` †KD AviKvjyj Bmjvg mn mKj dih, IqvwRe I mybœvZ Bev`Z c~Y©fv‡e cvjb K‡ib wKš‘ gxjv` bv K‡ib
Z‡e wZwb Zv‡K wb‡Ri `‡ji e‡j g‡b K‡ib bv| cvš—‡i hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ AviKvbyj Bmjvg mn mKj dih, IqvwRe I
mybœvZ Bev`‡Z Ae‡njv K‡ib, wKš‘ gxjv` cvj‡bi c‡ _v‡Kb Z‡e wZwb Zv‡K wb‡Ri `‡ji gvbyl e‡jB g‡b K‡ib|
(10) Gfv‡e †R‡b A_ev bv †R‡b wZwb g‡b Ki‡Qb †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi R‡b¥ Avb›` cÖKv‡ki Rb¨, Zuvi Rb¥ I
Rxebx Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ ev Zuvi Dci `i“`-mvjvg cv‡Vi Rb¨ ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wb‡Ri †kLv‡bv I Zuvi mvnvexM‡Yi AvPwiZ
c×wZ h‡_ó bq| eis mybœvZ c×wZwU Ac~Y© ev APj, bZzb c×wZ‡Z Zv cvjb bv Kiv ch©š— gywgb Zvi KvgvjvZ, †ejvqvZ ev
mvIqv‡ei c~Y©Zv jvf Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| Avi G-B n‡jv ÔmybœvZ AcQ›` KivÕ|
(11) Gfv‡e `x‡bi †h wel‡qB mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg †bK Avgj ev †bK Avg‡ji c×wZ Pvjy Kiv n‡q‡Q †mLv‡bB Zv
P~ovš— ch©v‡q `x‡bi Ask e‡j MY¨ n‡q‡Q Ges mybœvZ AcQ›` Kivi ch©v‡q P‡j wM‡q‡Q|
(12) Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, hZ fvj wbq¨v‡ZB mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg †bK Kg© Kiv †nvK P~ovš— ch©v‡q Zv ÔmybœvZ AcQ›`
KivÕi ch©v‡q P‡j hvq| Avi evn¨Z GRb¨B ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi mybœv‡Zi AwZwi³ ev e¨wZµg †bK Kg© Ki‡Z AvcwË K‡i‡Qb|
eis mybœvZ cvjb bv Ki‡j hZUzKz Avcw&Ë K‡i‡Qb Zvi †P‡q †ewk AvcwË K‡i‡Qb mybœv‡Zi AwZwi³ ev e¨wZµg c×wZ‡Z †bK
Kg© Ki‡j| †h e¨w³ Zvnv¾y` †gv‡UI Av`vq Ki‡Zb bv wZwb Zv‡K Drmvn w`‡q‡Qb, wKš‘ agK †`b wb| cvš—‡i †h e¨w³ Zuvi
c×wZi e¨wZµgfv‡e Zvnv¾y` Av`vq Ki‡Z B”Qv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K agK w`‡q‡Qb| KviY mvaviYfv‡e cÖ_g e¨w³i †‡Î mybœvZ
AcQ›` Kivi ch©v‡q hvIqvi m¤¢vebv †bB, A_P Giƒc m¤¢vebv wØZxq e¨w³i †‡Î LyeB cÖej| evn¨Z GRb¨B KziAvb Kvix‡g
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi gyLvjvdvZ ev e¨wZµg Ki‡Z Ges AMÖeZ©x n‡Z KwVbfv‡e wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q|
GRb¨ gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi wimvjv‡Z wek¦v‡mi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask wn‡m‡e gywgb `„pfv‡e wek¦vm K‡ib †h, gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi
K‡g©i, ixwZi ev Av`‡k©i AwZwi³, e¨wZµg ev we‡ivax †Kv‡bv Kg©, ixwZ ev Av`k© Avj­vni wbKU MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| Zuvi Av`k©B
cwic~Y©| Avj­vni ˆbKU¨, KvgvjvZ, ZvKIqv, †ejvqvZ, mvIqve ev RvbœvZ jv‡fi Rb¨ Zuvi mybœv‡Zi AwZwi³ †Kv‡bv wKQzi
cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q e‡j g‡b Kivi A_© Zuvi wimvjv‡Zi c~Y©Zvq Awek¦vm Kiv| gywgb nqZ †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv mybœvZ cvj‡b Ag
n‡Z cv‡ib, A_ev ˆea ev A‰ea IR‡i mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg Kg© Ki‡Z cv‡ib, Z‡e mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg‡K wZwb KL‡bvB mybœv‡Zi
†P‡q DËg, mybœv‡Zi mgZ‚j¨, `xb, mvIqve ev †ejvqv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq e‡j g‡b Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| gywgb KL‡bvB wek¦vm Ki‡Z
cv‡ib bv †h, ivm~jyj­vn � hv K‡ib wb Zv bv Ki‡j Zvi `x‡bi †Kv‡bv wZ n‡e ev Ac~Y©Zv _vK‡e|
3. 2. 9. Zuvi fvjevmv
(gynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyj­vn)-G wek¦v‡mi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask n‡jv †h, G wek¦vm †cvlYKvix Aek¨B ivm~jyj­vn �-†K mKj
gvby‡li E‡aŸ© fvjevm‡eb| Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻩ�ﺩﹶﻟ�ﻭ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺩِﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺏ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜَﺃ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻴﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭﹶﻓ
Òhuvi nv‡Z Avgvi Rxeb Zuvi kc_, †Zvgv‡`i ‡KD ZZY gywgb n‡Z cvi‡e bv, hZY bv †m Avgv‡K Zvi wcZv I
mš—vb †_‡K †ewk fvjevm‡e|ÕÕ 257
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺠَﺃ
ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺩﹶﻟ�ﻭ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺩِﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺏ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜَﺃ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ ﻻ
78

ÔÔ†Zvgv‡`i ‡KD ZZY gywgb n‡Z cvi‡e bv, hZY bv †m Avgv‡K Zvi wcZv, mš—vb I mKj gvby‡li †P‡q †ewk
fvjevm‡e|ÕÕ 258
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avãyj­vn web wnkvg (iv) e‡jb, GKw`b ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi Kv‡Q e‡m wQjvg| wZwb ZLb Dgv‡ii (iv)
nvZ a‡i wQ‡jb| Dgi e‡jb, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, Avcwb Avgvi Kv‡Q Avgvi wb‡Ri Rxeb Qvov `ywbqvi mewKQyi †P‡q †ewk
wcÖq| ZLb wZwb e‡jb,
ﻲـ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨ �ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﻲﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺏ�ﺤَﺃ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﻷ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻥﻵﺍ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻪﹶﻟ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻙ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺏ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜَﺃ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻴﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﻻ
�ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻴ �ﻥﻵﺍ : � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ
ÔÔn‡jv bv Dgvi, huvi nv‡Z Avgvi Rxeb Zuvi Kmg, Aek¨B Avgv‡K †Zvgvi wb‡Ri Rxe‡bi †P‡qI †ewk fvjevm‡Z n‡e| ZLb Dgvi
(iv) e‡jb: Avj­vni Kmg, Avcwb GLb Avgvi Kv‡Q Avgvi Rxe‡bi †P‡qI †ewk wcÖq| ZLb ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb, nuv, Dgi, GLb
(†Zvgvi Cgvb c~Y©Zv †cj)|ÕÕ 259
GLv‡b eyS‡Z n‡e †h, ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi fvjevmv †Kv‡bv gy‡Li `vwei e¨vcvi bq| Zvi wb‡`©wkZ c‡_ Pjv, Rxe‡bi
cÖwZwU †‡Î Zvi c`v¼ AbymiY K‡i Pjv, Zvi kixqvZ‡K cy•Lvbycy•Liƒ‡c cvjb Kiv, wZwb hv wb‡la K‡i‡Qb Zv †_‡K `~‡i
_vKvB n‡jv Zvi gneŸ‡Zi cÖKvk| †h hZ †ekx Zvi kixqZ‡K †g‡b Pj‡eb Ges Zvi mybœvZ gZ Rxeb hvcb Ki‡eb, Zvi
fvjevmv ZZ †ekx Mfxi n‡e| mvnvexMY, ZvweqxM, BgvgMY Kg© I Abymi‡Yi gva¨‡gB Zv‡K fvj‡e‡m‡Qb|
ZvB ivm~jyj­vn �-†K fvjevmvi A_© n‡jv Zuvi Dci Cgvb Avbv, Zuv‡K me©Kv‡ji me©‡kªô gvbyl, mKj bexi †bZv,
me©‡kl bex I ivm~j e‡j wek¦vm Kiv, Zuvi mKj Av‡`k wb‡la †g‡b Pjv, Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU †‡Î Zuvi AbymiY Kiv Ges
mewKQyi E‡aŸ© Zuv‡K m¤§vb `vb Kiv, Zuvi Rb¨ †ewk †ewk mvjvZ I mvjvg cvV Kiv, Zuvi Rxebx, wkv, Av‡`k-wb‡la
fvjfv‡e Rvbvi Rb¨ me©`v m‡Pó _vKv| Gfv‡eB gymwj‡gi Aš—‡i Zuvi cÖwZ fvjevmv Mfxi n‡Z _v‡K, ZLb Rxe‡bi
mewKQyi E‡aŸ©, mKj gvby‡li E‡aŸ©, GgbwK wb‡Ri Rxe‡bi †P‡qI Zuv‡K fvjevm‡Z mg nq GKRb gymwjg| Avgiv
Avj­vni `iev‡i mKvZ‡i cÖv_©bv Kwi, wZwb †hb Avgv‡`i‡K ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi cÖK…Z Abymi‡Yi I cÖK…Z fvjevmvi ZvIdxK
`vb K‡ib| Avgxb!
3. 2. 10. Zuvi Avnjy evBZ I mvnvexMY
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi m¤§vb I fvjevmvi Ask Zuvi mv‡_ mswk­ó mKj‡K fvjevmv| Zuvi mvnvexMY‡K, Zuvi cwievi I
eskai‡`i‡K, Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K, Zuvi GKwbô Abymvix‡`i‡K Ges Zuvi mybœv‡Zi aviK I cÖPviK‡`i‡K Zuvi Kvi‡Y m¤§vb Kiv
I fvjevmv ZuviB fvjevmvi cÖKvk| we‡klZ Zuvi mvnvex I Avnj~ evB‡Zi welqwU KziAvb I nv`x‡m we‡klfv‡e D‡j­L Kiv
n‡q‡Q|
3. 2. 10. 1. Avnjy evBZ
KziAv‡bi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv †`wL †h, Bmjvg wek¦Rbxb ag©| GLv‡b †Kv‡bv esk, i³, eY© ev †`‡ki †Kv‡bv ÔcweÎZvÕ,
ÔA‡jŠwKKZ¡Õ ev we‡kl AwaKvi †NvlYv Kiv nq wb| nv`x‡mi wkvI Abiƒc| KziAvb Kvix‡g esk, eY© ev †`k wbwe©‡k‡l
mKj mvnvexi cÖksmv Kiv n‡q‡Q Zuv‡`i Kg© I Z¨v‡Mi Kvi‡Y, esk ev e‡Y©i Kvi‡Y bq|
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, `xb cvjb I eySvi †‡Î KziAvb Kvix‡g mvnvexMY‡K Av`k©¯’vbxq e‡j †NvlYv Kiv
n‡q‡Q| ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi es‡ki gvby‡livI mvnvexM‡Yi Aš—f©y³ wQ‡jb| Zuvi cÖwZ Cgvb, Zuv‡K fvjevmv, mvnvh¨ Kiv
BZ¨vw` wel‡q Zuvi AMÖYx wQ‡jb| GQvov KziAvb Kvix‡g ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi AvZ¥xqZvi fvjevmv iv Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv
n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
79
ﻰ�ﺒ�ﺭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹶﺓ�ﺩ�ﻭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﺠَﺃ
�ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴَﺃ ﻻ ْلﹸﻗ
Òej, ÔAvwg Gi wewbg‡q †Zvgv‡`i wbKU †_‡K AvZ¥xqZvi †mŠnv`©¨ e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv cÖwZ`vb PvB bv|Ó 260
hvB` Beby AviKvg (iv) e‡jb : ivm~jyj­vn � GKw`b g°v I g`xbvi ga¨eZ©x ÔLygÕ bvgK ¯’v‡b Avgv‡`i gv‡S e³„Zv
Ki‡jb| wZwb Avj­vni cÖksmv I ¸YMvb Ki‡jb| Gici wZwb Iqvh Ki‡jb I Dc‡`k cÖ`vb Ki‡jb| AZtci wZwb
ej‡jb:
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬﹸﻟ�ﻭَﺃ ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﻠﹶﻘﹶﺜ �ﻡﹸﻜﻴ �ﻓ �ﻙﹺﺭﺎﹶﺘ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﺏﻴﹺﺠُﺄﹶﻓ ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺭ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻲ�ﺘْﺄ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻙ�ﺸﻭ�ﻴ �ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﻻَﺃ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤَﺃ
. ﺎﺜﻼﺜ ... ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻴ�ﺒ ِل�ﻫَﺃ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺭﱢﻜﹶﺫُﺃ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻴ�ﺒ ُل�ﻫَﺃ�ﻭ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡﹸﺜ ... �ﻪﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻜ�ﺴ�ﻤﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﺫﹸﺨﹶﻓ �ﺭﻭﱡﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻬﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ
Ò†n gvby‡liv, †Zvgiv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q †kv‡bv| Avwg GKRb gvbyl gvÎ| nqZ kxNÖB Avgvi cÖfyi `~Z G‡m co‡eb
Ges Avwg Zvi Wv‡K mvov w`‡q P‡j hve| Avwg †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ `ywU gnv¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq †i‡L hvw”Q| cÖ_gZ Avj­vni wKZve,
hvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q c‡_i w`kv I Av‡jv| †Zvgiv Avj­vni wKZve‡K MÖnY Ki‡e Ges `„pfv‡e aviY Ki‡e| .... Gici wZwb
ej‡jb : ÔGes Avgvi evwoi gvbyl ev cwievi-cwiRb| Avwg Avgvi cwievi cwiR‡bi wel‡q †Zvgv‡`i‡K Avj­vni K_v g‡b

ivL‡Z Dc‡`k cÖ`vb KiwQ|Õ G K_v wZwb wZbevi e‡jb|Ó 261
Beby AveŸvm (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb,
( ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺤﹺﺒ ) ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻴ�ﺒ َل�ﻫَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﺒ�ﺤَﺃ�ﻭ
( �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺤﹺﺒ ) ﻲ�ﻨﻭ�ﺒ�ﺤَﺃ�ﻭ ( �ﻪ�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﻭﹸﺫﹾﻐ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤِﻟ ) �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺒ�ﺤَﺃ
Ò†Zvgiv Avj­vn‡K fvjevm‡e KviY wZwb †Zvgv‡`i‡K AMwYZ wbqvgZ cÖ`vb K‡ib, Ges Avj­vni fvjevmvq Avgv‡K
fvjevm‡e Ges Avgvi fvjevmvq Avgvi evwoi gvbyl‡`i (cwievi, eskai I AvZ¥xq‡`i) fvjevm‡e|Ó 262
3. 2. 10. 2. mvnvexMY
Bmjv‡gi kΓMY evwn¨K we‡ivwaZv, hy× I cÖwZ‡iv‡ai gva¨‡g Bmjv‡gi AMÖhvÎv †iva Ki‡Z mg bv n‡q gymwjg †m‡R
†Mvc‡b Bmjv‡gi g‡a¨ weåvwš— XywK‡q Bmjv‡gi AMÖhvÎ †iva Ki‡Z †Póv K‡i| G Qvov †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gymwjg wb‡Ri Av‡eM
ZvwoZ DÏxcbvq AÜ n‡q mvnvexM‡Yi gh©v`v Dcjwä Ki‡Z e¨_© nq| Gfv‡e gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ G wel‡q A‡bK weåvwš— Rb¥
†bq|
Avgiv BdwZivK ev gymwjg D¤§vni wdiKv I `jv`wji wel‡q Av‡jvPbvi mgq †`Le †h, gymwjg D¤§vni cÖ_g `ywU
wefw³ I weåvwš—- LvwiRxM‡Yi wefw³ I wkqvM‡Yi wefw³- wQj G welq †Kw›`ªK| LvwiRxMY KziAvb I nv`xm eySvi †‡Î
I cvjb Kivi †‡Î mvnvexM‡Yi Ávb, cÖÁv I gZvg‡Zi cÖwZ AeÁv cÖ`k©b K‡i| Zvi wb‡Riv KziAvb c‡o ev nv`xm c‡o
hv eySZ ZvB P~ovš— I mwVK eyS e‡j g‡b KiZ Ges Zv‡`i ey‡Si wecix‡Z mvnvexM‡Yi eyS‡K weåvwš— I Kzd&i e‡j
AvL¨vwqZ KiZ|
Ab¨w`‡K kxqvMY Bn~`x‡`i loh‡š¿ weåvš— n‡q mvnvexMY‡K Bmjv‡gi kΓ e‡j MY¨ K‡i| Zviv bex-cwiev‡ii
fvjevmv‡K mvnvexM‡Yi fvjevmvi cwicš’x e‡j MY¨ K‡i| G wel‡q AMwYZ wg_¨v Zviv cÖPvi K‡i| MZ K‡qK kZvãx
hveZ cvðvZ¨ cÖvP¨we`MYI mvnvexM‡Yi wei“‡× we‡lv˜Mvi K‡ib| G mKj cÖPv‡ii GKwUB D‡Ïk¨, Zv n‡jv Bmjv‡gi
gg©g~‡j AvNvZ Kiv I Bmjv‡gi †mŠa‡K †f‡½ †djv| KviY mvnvexM‡Yi mZZv cÖkœwe× n‡j Bmjv‡gi mZ¨Zv cÖkœwe× n‡q
hvq; KviY Zv‡`i gva¨‡gB Bmjvg cÖPvwiZ n‡q‡Q|
Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi g~j wfwËB ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mybœvZ I mvnvexM‡Yi RvgvÔAvZ AbymiY Kiv| G wel‡q
Avgiv KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wKQz wb‡`©kbv Bmjvgx AvKx`vi Drm Aa¨v‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| BdwZivK ev wefw³ welqK Aa¨v‡q Avgiv
G wel‡q Av‡iv Av‡jvPbv Kie| GLv‡b ms‡‡c mvnvexM‡Yi wel‡q KziAvb-nv`x‡mi wb‡`©kbv D‡j­L KiwQ|
(1) KziAvb Kvix‡g A‡bK ¯’v‡b mvnvexM‡Yi cÖksmv I Zv‡`i avwg©KZvi K_v †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| K‡qK ¯’v‡b
¯úóZ Zuv‡`i Rvbœv‡Zi mymsev` cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| GK ¯’v‡b Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﻋ�ﻭ ﻼﹸﻜ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﻠﹶﺘﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﹶﻔﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹰﺔ�ﺠ�ﺭ�ﺩ �ﻡﹶﻅ�ﻋَﺃ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺃ َلﹶﺘﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﹺﺢﹾﺘﹶﻔﹾﻟﺍ ِل�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹶﻕﹶﻔﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﻱﹺﻭﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﻻ
�ﺭﻴﹺﺒﹶﺨ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﻰﹶﻨ�ﺴ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ
Ò†Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv (g°v) weR‡qi c~‡e© e¨q K‡i‡Q Ges msMÖvg K‡i‡Q Zviv Ges cieZ©xiv mgvb bq; Zviv
gh©v`vq †kªô Zv‡`i †P‡q hviv cieZ©xKv‡j e¨q K‡i‡Q Ges msMÖvg K‡i‡Q| Z‡e Avj­vn Dfq‡K Kj¨v‡Yi (Rvbœv‡Zi)
cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡q‡Qb|Ó 263
ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi mKj mvnvexi XvjvI cÖksmv K‡i I Zuv‡`i avwg©KZv, mZZv I wek¦¯—Zvi †NvlYv w`‡q gnvb
Avj­vn e‡jb:
80
�ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﺸﺍ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟ�ﻭُﺃ �ﻥﺎ�ﻴ�ﺼ�ﻌ ﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹶﻕﻭ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺭﹾﻔﹸﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻩ�ﺭﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹺﺒﻭﹸﻠﹸﻗ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻪﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺯ�ﻭ �ﻥﺎ�ﻤﻴِﻹﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺏ�ﺒ�ﺤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ
ÒwKš‘ Avj­vn †Zvgv‡`i wbKU Cgvb‡K wcÖq K‡i‡Qb Ges Zv‡K †Zvgv‡`i ü`qMÖvnx K‡i‡Qb| wZwb Kzd&ix, cvc I
Aeva¨Zv‡K †Zvgv‡`i wbKU AwcÖq K‡i‡Qb| ZvivB mrc_ Aej¤^bKvix|Ó 264
(2) we‡klZ cÖ_g AMÖeZ©x gynvwRi I AvbmviM‡Yi Rb¨ gnvb Avj­vn RvbœvZ cÖ¯‘Z †i‡L‡Qb e‡j †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
wbôvi mv‡_ Zuv‡`i AbymiY KivB Ab¨‡`i Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Zi c_ e‡j Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| cÖ_g Aa¨v‡q AvKx`vi wel‡q mvnvexM‡Yi
gZvg‡Zi ¸i“Z¡ Av‡jvPbvKv‡j Avgiv G wel‡q KziAv‡bi AvqvZ D‡j­L K‡iwQ| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, G wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn
e‡j‡Qb: ÒgynvwRi I Avbmviw`‡Mi g‡a¨ hviv cÖ_g AMÖMvgx Ges hviv wbôvi mv‡_ Zv‡`i AbymiY K‡i‡Qb, Avj­vn Zv‡`i cÖwZ
mš‘ó Ges ZvivI Avj­vni cÖwZ mš‘ó| Ges wZwb Zv‡`i Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z K‡i‡Qb RvbœvZ, hvi wbgœ‡`‡k b`x cÖevwnZ, †h_vq Zviv
wPi¯’vqx n‡e| G gnvmvdj¨|Ó 265
(3) evBqvZzi wi`Iqvb I Zve~K hy‡× AskMÖnYKvix‡`i Rvbœv‡Zi wel‡q my¯úó mymsev` cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avj­vn
e‡jb:

�ﺓ�ﺭ�ﺠﱠﺸﻟﺍ ﹶﺕ�ﺤﹶﺘ �ﻙﹶﻨﻭ�ﻌ�ﻴﺎ�ﺒ�ﻴ ﹾﺫِﺇ �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
�ﻲ�ﻀ�ﺭ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ
ÒgywgbMY hLb e„Z‡j Avcbvi wbKU ÔevBqvZÕ MÖnY Kij, ZLb Avj­vn Zv‡`i cÖwZ mš‘ó n‡jb|Ó 266
Zve~‡Ki hy‡× AskMÖnYKvix mKj mvnvexi cÖksmvq gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺤ�ﻠﹾﻔ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟ�ﻭُﺃ�ﻭ ﹸﺕﺍ�ﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟ�ﻭُﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺴﹸﻔﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬِﻟﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤَﺄﹺﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﻫﺎ�ﺠ �ﻪ�ﻌ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ
ÒwKš‘ ivm~j Ges hviv Zvi ms‡M Cgvb G‡b‡Q, Zviv wbR m¤ú` I Rxeb Øviv Avj­vni c‡_ wRnv` K‡i‡Q; Zv‡`i
Rb¨B Kj¨vY Av‡Q Ges ZvivB mdjKvg|Ó 267
(4) gnvb Avj­vn KziAv‡b gywgbMY‡K wZbfv‡M wef³ K‡i D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| cÖ_‡g gynvwRi Ges AvbmviM‡Yi D‡j­L
K‡i Zuv‡`i cÖksmv K‡ib| Gici cieZ©x gywgb‡`i wel‡q e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴ�ﺫـﱠﻠِﻟ ﻼ�ﻏ ﺎﹶﻨﹺﺒﻭﹸﻠﹸﻗ ﻲ�ﻓ ْل�ﻌ�ﺠﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹺﻥﺎ�ﻤﻴ ِﻹﺎﹺﺒ
81
ﺎﹶﻨﻭﹸﻘ�ﺒ�ﺴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻨﺍ�ﻭﹾﺨِﻹ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻟ �ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻏﺍ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
�ﻡﻴ�ﺤ�ﺭ ﹲﻑﻭ�ﺀ�ﺭ �ﻙﱠﻨِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ
ÒZv‡`i c‡i hviv AvMgb Kij Zvi e‡j, Ô†n Avgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK, Avgv‡`i‡K Ges Cgv‡b AMÖYx Avgv‡`i c~e©eZ©x
åvZvMY‡K gv Ki Ges gywgb‡`i wei“‡× Avgv‡`i Aš—‡i wnsmv we‡Øl †iL bv| †n Avgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK, Zzwg †Zv `qv`ª,
cig`qvjy|Ó 268
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, KziAv‡bi wb‡`©k Abymv‡i cieZ©x mKj cÖR‡b¥i gywgb‡`i `vwqZ¡ mKj Avbmvi I gyRvwni
mvnvexi Rb¨ `yÔAv Kiv Ges Zv‡`i‡K Aš—i w`‡q fvjevmv| Aš—‡i †Kv‡bv mvnvexi cÖwZ wnsmv ev we‡Ølfve Cgv‡bi mv‡_
m½wZc~Y© bq|
(5) AMwYZ nv`x‡m mvnvexM‡Yi gh©v`v eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Rvbœv‡Zi mymsev` cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| GK nv`x‡m Dgi
Bebyj LvËve (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb :
. �ﺏ�ﺫﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻬﹾﻅ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﺜ ،�ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻭﹸﻠ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻭﹸﻠ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﺜ ،(
�ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺭﺎ�ﻴ�ﺨ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ ) �ﻲﹺﺒﺎ�ﺤ�ﺼَﺃ ﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤﹺﺭﹾﻜَﺃ
Ò†Zvgiv Avgvi mvnvexMY‡K m¤§vb Ki‡e; KviY ZuvivB †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ me©‡kªô| Zuv‡`i c‡i Zuv‡`i cieZ©x hy‡Mi
gvby‡liv Ges Gici Zuv‡`i cieZ©x hy‡Mi gvby‡liv| Gici wg_¨v cÖKvwkZ n‡e|Ó 269
Ave~ ûivBiv I Ave~ mvC` (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡jb:
�ﻪﹶﻔﻴ�ﺼﹶﻨ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﺩ�ﻤ ﹶﻎﹶﻠ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﺒ�ﻫﹶﺫ �ﺩ�ﺤُﺃ َلﹾﺜ�ﻤ ﹶﻕﹶﻔﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻭﹶﻠﹶﻓ ﻲﹺﺒﺎ�ﺤ�ﺼَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﺒ�ﺴﹶﺘ ﻻ
Ò†Zvgiv Avgvi mvnvexMY‡K Mvwj †`‡e bv| KviY †Zvgv‡`i †KD hw` Dn` cvnvo cwigvY ¯^Y© `vb K‡i ZeyI †m Zv‡`i Kv‡iv
GK gyÏ (cÖvq Aa© †KwR) ev Zvi A‡a©K cwigvb `v‡bi mgch©v‡q †cuŠQv‡Z cvi‡e bv|Ó 270
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi G mKj wb‡`©kbvi Av‡jv‡K mvnvexM‡Yi wel‡q gymwjgMY wbgœiƒc AvKx`v †cvlY K‡ib:
(1) gvbe RvwZi g‡a¨ bexM‡Yi c‡iB ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mvnvexM‡Yi gh©v`v I †kªôZ¡ Ges mvnvexM‡Yi g‡a¨
Lyjvdv‡qi iv‡k`x‡bi †kªôZ¡|
(2) Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi g‡a¨ gh©v`vi ZviZg¨ Zuv‡`i wLjvdv‡Zi `vwq‡Z¡i µg Abymv‡i|
(3) Ab¨ mKj mvnvexI gnvb gh©v`vi AwaKvix| †Kv‡bv mvnvex‡KB †Kv‡bv gywgb mvgvb¨Zg Agh©v`v, AeÁv ev N„Yv
Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| Zuv‡`i Kv‡iv wel‡qB †Kv‡bv Agh©v`vKi K_v †Kv‡bv gywgb KL‡bv e‡jb bv|
lô Aa¨v‡q we`ÔAvZ I wefw³ Av‡jvPbvKv‡j Avgiv mvnvexM‡Yi wel‡q ÔAvnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡ZiÕ wek¦vm I
g~jbxwZ wel‡q BgvgM‡Yi gZvgZ D‡j­L Kie Bbkv Avj­vn|
3. 2. 11. Zuvi gh©v`v I m¤§vb
wimvjv‡Zi mv‡i Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask gynv¤§v` �-†K m¤§vb Kiv| wZwb me© Kv‡ji me©‡kªô gvbyl, gvbeRvwZi †bZv,
bex-ivm~j‡`i cÖavb| wZwb Avj­vni wcÖqZg ev›`v, Zuvi nvexe, Zuvi me‡P‡q m¤§vwbZ ev›`v, me©hy‡Mi mKj gvby‡li †bZv|
Ab¨vb¨ bex-ivm~‡ji mvaviY gh©v`v meB wZwb jvf K‡i‡Qb| wZwb wb®úvc, g‡bvbxZ I mKj KjylZv †_‡K gy³ wQ‡jb|
beyqZ cÖvwßi Av‡M I beyq‡Zi c‡i me© Ae¯’vq Avj­vn Zv‡K mKj cvc, Ab¨vq I Kvwjgv †_‡K iv K‡i‡Qb| GQvovI Avj­vn
Zuv‡K we‡kl gh©v`v `vb K‡i‡Qb|
KziAvb Kvix‡gi wewfbœ Avqv‡Z Zuvi gh©v`vi K_v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zuvi cÖwZ Avj­vni Acvi AbyMÖ‡ni wel‡q Avj­vn
e‡jb:
�ﺀ�ﻲـﹶﺸ
�ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﻙﹶﻨﻭ�ﺭـ�ﻀ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻨَﺃ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥﻭﱡﻠ�ﻀ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻙﻭﱡﻠ�ﻀ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﹲﺔﹶﻔِﺌﺎﹶﻁ ﹾﺕ�ﻤ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻪﹸﺘ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُل�ﻀﹶﻓ ﻻ�ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭ

. ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻅ�ﻋ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُل�ﻀ ﹶﻓ
82
�ﻥﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ �ﻥﹸﻜﹶﺘ �ﻡﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻤﱠﻠ�ﻋ�ﻭ ﹶﺔ�ﻤﹾﻜ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ
Ò†Zvgvi cÖwZ Avj­vni AbyMÖn I `qv bv _vK‡j Zv‡`i GK`j †Zvgv‡K c_åó Ki‡Z PvBZ; wKš‘ Zviv wb‡R‡`i‡K Qvov
Avi KvD‡K c_åó K‡i bv, Ges †Zvgvi †Kv‡bvB wZ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Avj­vn †Zvgvi cÖwZ wKZve Ges wnKgvZ AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb
Ges Zzwg hv Rvb‡Z bv Zv †Zvgv‡K wkv w`‡q‡Qb, †Zvgvi cÖwZ Avj­vni gnv-AbyMÖn i‡q‡Q|Ó 271
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺭﻴﹺﺒﹶﻜ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ
�ﻪﹶﻠ�ﻀﹶﻓ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹰﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ ﻻِﺇ ﻼﻴ�ﻜ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﺩﹺﺠﹶﺘ ﻻ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺤ�ﻭَﺃ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﺒ�ﻫﹾﺫﹶﻨﹶﻟ ﺎﹶﻨْﺌ�ﺸ �ﻥِﺌﹶﻟ�ﻭ
ÔÔInxi gva¨‡g Avwg †Zvgvi cÖwZ hv bvwhj K‡iwQ Zv Avwg B”Qv Ki‡j cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i wb‡Z cviZvg, †m Ae¯’vq Zzwg
Avgvi wei“‡× †Kv‡bv mvnvh¨Kvix ev Kg©weavqK †c‡Z bv| wKš‘ †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki `qv; wbðq †Zvgvi cÖwZ Zuvi AbyMÖn
gnvb|ÕÕ 272
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹾﻠِﻟ ﹰﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ ﻻِﺇ �ﻙﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒAvwg †Zv †Zvgv‡K ivm~j evwb‡qwQ †Kej wek¦ RM‡Zi Rb¨ ingZ-iƒ‡c|Ó 273
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻙ�ﺭﹾﻜ �ﺫ �ﻙﹶﻟ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻌﹶﻓ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﺭ�ﻬﹶﻅ �ﺽﹶﻘﹾﻨَﺃ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﺭ�ﺯﹺﻭ �ﻙﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻌ�ﻀ�ﻭ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﺭ�ﺩ�ﺼ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﺡ�ﺭﹾﺸﹶﻨ �ﻡﹶﻟَﺃ
ÒAvwg wK †Zvgvi e †Zvgvi Kj¨v‡Y cÖk¯— K‡i †`B wb? Avwg AcmviY K‡iwQ †Zvgvi fvi, hv wQj †Zvgvi Rb¨ AwZkq
Kó`vqK| Ges Avwg †Zvgvi L¨vwZ‡K D”P gh©v`v `vb K‡iwQ|Ó 274
Zuvi gh©v`v eY©bv K‡i Avj­vn Ab¨Î e‡j‡Qb:
ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﺠﺍ�ﺭ�ﺴ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻨﹾﺫِﺈﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎ�ﻴ�ﻋﺍ�ﺩ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺫﹶﻨ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﱢﺸ�ﺒ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻫﺎﹶﺸ �ﻙﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
ÔÔ†n bex, Avwg †Zvgv‡K †cÖiY K‡iwQ, mvxiƒ‡c, mymsev``vZv I mZK©Kvixiƒ‡c Ges Avj­vni AbygwZµ‡g Zvi w`‡K
AvnŸvbKvixiƒ‡c Ges D¾¡j cÖ`xciƒ‡c|ÕÕ 275
Zuv‡K m¤§vb cÖ`k©‡bi wb‡`©k w`‡q Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﻼﻴ�ﺼَﺃ�ﻭ ﹰﺓ�ﺭﹾﻜ�ﺒ �ﻩﻭ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴﹸﺘ�ﻭ �ﻩﻭ�ﺭﱢﻗ�ﻭﹸﺘ�ﻭ �ﻩﻭ�ﺭ�ﺯ�ﻌﹸﺘ�ﻭ �ﻪِﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅﹸﺘِﻟ ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺫﹶﻨ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﱢﺸ�ﺒ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻫﺎﹶﺸ �ﻙﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ
ÔÔwbðq Avwg †Zvgv‡K †cÖiY K‡iwQ mvxiƒ‡c, mymsev``vZv I mZK©Kvixiƒ‡c| †hb †Zvgiv Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji
cÖwZ Cgvb Avb Ges Zuv‡K (ivm~j‡K) mvnvh¨Ki Ges m¤§vb Ki Ges mKvj-mÜvq Zuvi (Avj­vni) cweÎZv I gwngv †NvlYv
Ki|ÕÕ 276
mKj gvby‡li E‡aŸ© Zuvi m¤§vb| G wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﺏﺎـﹶﺘ�ﻜ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒﹺﺒ ﻰﹶﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﹺﻡﺎ�ﺤ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻭﹸﻟﻭُﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﺘﺎ�ﻬ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻪ�ﺠﺍ �ﻭ�ﺯَﺃ�ﻭ
�ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﻰﹶﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭﹺﺠﺎ�ﻬ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ
ÔÔgywgb‡`i wbKU bex Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i †P‡qI NwbóZi Ges Zuvi ¯¿xMY Zv‡`i gvZv| Avj­vni weavb Abymv‡i gywgbMY
I gynvwRiMY A‡cv hviv AvZ¥xq Zviv ci¯ú‡ii NwbóZi|Ó 277
Gfv‡e Avj­vn mK‡ji E‡aŸ© Zuv‡K m¤§vb `vb K‡i‡Qb Ges †Kv‡bv fv‡e Zuv‡K Kó `vb Kiv ev Zvi g‡bvK‡ói KviY nIqv
gymwj‡gi Rb¨ wbwl× K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi we‡kl gh©`vi Ask wnmv‡e Zvi g„Zz¨i c‡i Zvi ¯¿x‡`i‡K weevn Kiv wbwl× K‡i‡Qb| G
cÖm‡½ gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻅ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻡﹸﻜِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻥِﺇ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺒَﺃ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﺠﺍ�ﻭ�ﺯَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﺤ�ﻜﹾﻨﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺍﻭﹸﺫْﺅﹸﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÔÔ†Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ msMZ bq †h, †Zvgiv Avj­vni ivm~j‡K Kó w`‡e A_ev Zuvi g„Zz¨i c‡i Zuvi cZœxw`M‡K weevn
Ki‡e| Avj­vni wbKU Zv †NviZi Aciva|ÕÕ 278

Ab¨vb¨ mKj gvby‡li †_‡K c„_Kfv‡e m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ Zuv‡K WvK‡Z n‡e Ges Zuvi Wv‡K mvov w`‡Z n‡e| G wel‡q gnvb
Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﺎ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﺀﺎ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﻜ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎ�ﻋ�ﺩ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠﹶﺘ ﻻ
ÔÔivm~‡ji Avnevb‡K †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i G‡K Ac‡ii cÖwZ Avnev‡bi gZ MY¨ K‡iv bv|ÕÕ 279
Zuvi mv‡_ Av`e ivi wel‡q wb‡`©k w`‡q Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﻻ ﺍﻭـﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ
�ﻥﻴ�ﺫـﱠﻟﺍ ﺎـ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ �ﻡﻴ�ﻠ�ﻋ �ﻊﻴ�ﻤ�ﺴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪِﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻱ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﻤ�ﺩﹶﻘﹸﺘ ﻻ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
�ﻥِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻌﹾﺸﹶﺘ ﻻ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﻟﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋَﺃ ﹶﻁ�ﺒ�ﺤﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒِﻟ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﹺﺭ�ﻬ�ﺠﹶﻜ ِل�ﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻪﹶﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﺭ�ﻬ�ﺠﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺕ�ﻭ�ﺼ ﹶﻕ�ﻭﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﺘﺍ�ﻭ�ﺼَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﹶﻓ�ﺭﹶﺘ
�ﻡﻴ�ﻅ�ﻋ �ﺭ�ﺠَﺃ�ﻭ ﹲﺓ�ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﻯ�ﻭﹾﻘﱠﺘﻠِﻟ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺒﻭﹸﻠﹸﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﺤﹶﺘ�ﻤﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﺘﺍ�ﻭ�ﺼَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﻀﹸﻐ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ
ÔÔ†n gywgbMY Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji mvg‡b †Kv‡bv wel‡q AMÖmi n‡qv bv Ges Avj­vn‡K fq Ki, Avj­vn me©‡kªvZv,
me©Á| †n gywgbMY, †Zvgiv bexi KÚ¯^‡ii Dci †Zvgv‡`i wb‡R‡`i KÚ¯^i DuPz K‡iv bv Ges †Zvgv‡`i ci¯ú‡ii g‡a¨
†hfv‡e †Rv‡i K_v ej †miƒc †Rv‡i ev mk‡ã Zuvi mv‡_ K_v e‡jv bv; KviY G‡Z †Zvgv‡`i Kg© webó I wbõj n‡q hv‡e
†Zvgv‡`i AÁvZmv‡i| hviv Avj­vni ivm~‡ji mvg‡b wb‡R‡`i KÚ¯^i bxPz K‡i, Avj­vn Zv‡`i Aš—i‡K ZvKIqvi Rb¨
cwi‡kvwaZ K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i Rb¨ i‡q‡Q gv I gnv-cyi¯‹vi|ÕÕ 280
cvVK, wPš—v Ki“b! KZ eo mveavbZvi cÖ‡qvRb! †Kv‡bvfv‡eB ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mvg‡b AMÖYx nIqv hv‡e bv| Zuvi
K_vi Dc‡i K_v ejv hv‡e bv| wb‡R‡`i gZvgZ, hyw³, Kg©, cQ›` BZ¨vw` w`‡q Zuvi Av‡M hvIqv hv‡e bv| eis gZvg‡Z,
K‡g©, Bev`‡Z, `vIqv‡Z, cQ‡›`-AcQ‡›` mKj wel‡q Zuvi wc‡Q _vK‡Z n‡e Ges Zuv‡K AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e| Zuvi mvg‡b
wb‡R‡`i Kɯ^i DuPz Kiv hv‡e bv| Zuvi gZ, Kg©, ixwZ, wb‡`©k †Kv‡bv wKQz gywg‡bi wbKU †cuŠQv‡j gywgb Avi Zvi mvg‡b
wb‡Ri gZvgZ ev cQ›` weKí wn‡m‡e `uvo Kivb bv| eis wb‡Ri gZ I cQ›`‡K bxPz K‡i Zuvi gZ‡K me©vš—Ki‡Y MÖnY
K‡ib| G-B Cgv‡bi `vwe| G-B Avj­vni wb‡`©k| bv n‡j Avgv‡`i eo eo K_v, gnv gnv Kg© Avgv‡`i ARv‡š—-AÁv‡Z
wbõj n‡q hv‡e! Kx Ki“Y cwiYwZ!
wewfbœ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi gh©v`vi K_v D¤§vZ‡K Rvwb‡q‡Qb| wZwb wQ‡jb AZ¨š— webqx| wb‡Ri AnsKvi
cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ bq, D¤§vZ‡K Zv‡`i wek¦v‡mi I K‡g©i w`Kwb‡`©kbv †`Iqvi Rb¨B wZwb cÖ‡qvRbxq welq¸wj Zv‡`i‡K
Rvwb‡q‡Qb| B‡Zvc~‡e© Avgiv G A‡_© K‡qKwU nv`xm †`‡LwQ| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, gnvb Avj­vn wewfbœ w`K †_‡K gynv¤§v`
(�)-†K Ab¨vb¨ mKj bex-ivm~j †_‡K we‡kl gh©v`vq f~wlZ K‡i‡Qb| G welqK Av‡iv K‡qKwU nv`xm Avgiv GLv‡b
Av‡jvPbv Kie| Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
ﺎـﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ ﻱ�ﺩـ�ﻴﹺﺒ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺀﺍ�ﻭِﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﺴ�ﻴَﺃ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭﱢﺸ�ﺒ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ ﺍﻭ�ﺩﹶﻓ�ﻭ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺒﻴ�ﻁﹶﺨ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﺜ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ ﺎ�ﺠﻭ�ﺭﹸﺨ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ُل�ﻭَﺃ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ
�ﺭﹾﺨﹶﻓ ﻻ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﺩﺁ �ﺩﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﺭﹾﻜَﺃ
ÔÔgvbyl hLb wKqvg‡Zi mgq cybi“wÌZ n‡e ZLb AvwgB me©cÖ_g †ei ne, gvby‡liv hLb nvwRiv †`‡e ZLb AvwgB Zv‡`i
c †_‡K e³e¨ cÖ`vb Kie, hLb Zviv wbivk n‡q hv‡e ZLb AvwgB Zv‡`i mymsev` cÖ`vb Kie Ges †mw`b Avgvi nv‡ZB
_vK‡e cÖksmvi SvÊv| Av`g mš—vb‡`i g‡a¨ Avgvi cÖwZcvj‡K Kv‡Q AvwgB me‡P‡q m¤§vwbZ, Avi G‡Z †Kv‡bv AnsKvi
†bB|ÕÕ 281
Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
83
ﹴﻊﱠﻔﹶﺸ�ﻤ ُل�ﻭَﺃ�ﻭ ﹴﻊ�ﻓﺎﹶﺸ ُل�ﻭَﺃ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﺒﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﱡﻕﹶﺸﹾﻨ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ ُل�ﻭَﺃ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﺩﺁ �ﺩﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﻴ�ﺴ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ
ÒwKqvg‡`i w`b Avwg Av`g mš—vb‡`i †bZv, Kei dz‡o AvwgB cÖ_g cybi“wÌZ ne, AvwgB cÖ_g kvdvÔAvZKvix Ges
Avgvi kvdvÔAvZB cÖ_g MÖnY Kiv n‡e|Ó 282
Ave~ mvC` Ly`ix (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡j‡Qb:
ﹶﺕـ�ﺤﹶﺘ ﻻِﺇ �ﻩﺍ�ﻭـ�ﺴ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﺩﺁ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺭﹾﺨﹶﻓ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺀﺍ�ﻭِﻟ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻴﹺﺒ�ﻭ �ﺭﹾﺨﹶﻓ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﺩﺁ �ﺩﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﻴ�ﺴ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ
�ﺭﹾﺨﹶﻓ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﱡﻕﹶﺸﹾﻨﹶﺘ
�ﻥ�ﻤ ُل�ﻭَﺃ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ ﻲِﺌﺍ�ﻭِﻟ
ÔÔwKqvg‡Zi w`b Avwg Av`g mš—vb‡`i †bZv, Z‡e G‡Z †Kv‡bv AnsKvi †bB| Avgvi nv‡ZB cÖksmvi SvÊv _vK‡e, Z‡e
G‡Z †Kv‡bv AnsKvi †bB| Av`g †_‡K ïi“ K‡i hZ bex Av‡Qb Zviv mevB Avgvi SvÊvi bx‡P mg‡eZ n‡eb| AvwgB cÖ_g
gvwU dz‡o cybi“wÌZ ne, Z‡e G‡Z †Kv‡bv AnsKvi †bB| 283

Zuvi gh©v`v mycÖvPxb| cÖ_g gvbe Av`g (Av)-Gi m„wói mg‡qB Avj­vn Zvi Rb¨ byeyIqvZ I LvwZgybœvweqx‡bi gh©v`v
msiwZ K‡i‡Qb| Avey ûivqiv e‡jb:
84
�ﺩ�ﺴ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹺﺡﻭ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻡ�ﺩﺁ�ﻭ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﹸﺓ�ﻭ�ﺒﱡﻨﻟﺍ �ﻙﹶﻟ ﹾﺕ�ﺒ�ﺠ�ﻭ ﻰﹶﺘ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ
ÔÔmvnvexMY wRÁvmv Ki‡jb: †n Avj­vni ivm~j, KLb Avcbvi Rb¨ beyqZ wba©wiZ n‡q‡Q? wZwb ej‡jb: hLb Av`g
†`n I AvZ¥vi g‡a¨ wQ‡jb|Ó 284
Biev` Beby mvwiqv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb,
ﻲﹺﺒَﺃ �ﺓ�ﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩ ( �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ ِل�ﻭَﺄﹺﺒ ) �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ ِلﻴﹺﻭْﺄﹶﺘﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜُﺌ�ﺒﹶﻨُﺄ�ﺴ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘﹶﻨﻴ�ﻁ ﻲ�ﻓ ٌل�ﺩ�ﺠﹾﻨ�ﻤﹶﻟ �ﻡ�ﺩﺁ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﻴ ﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻡﹶﺘﺎﹶﺨﹶﻟ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡُﺃ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ
ﹸﺕﺎـ�ﻬ�ﻤُﺃ ﻯ�ﺭـﹶﺘ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻜ �ﻭ ﹺﻡﺎﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﺭﻭ�ﺼﹸﻗ �ﻪﹶﻟ ﹾﺕ�ﺀﺎ�ﻀَﺃ �ﺭﻭﹸﻨ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﺝ�ﺭﹶﺨ �ﻪﱠﻨَﺃ ﹾﺕَﺃ�ﺭ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻤُﺃ ﺎ�ﻴْﺅ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻤ�ﻭﹶﻗ ﻰ�ﺴﻴ�ﻋ �ﺓ�ﺭﺎﹶﺸﹺﺒ�ﻭ �ﻡﻴ�ﻫﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒِﺇ
. �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹸﺕﺍ�ﻭﹶﻠ�ﺼ ،�ﻥﻴ�ﻴﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ
ÔÔAv`g hLb Zuvi Kv`vi g‡a¨ f‚jywÉZ wQ‡jb ZLbB Avwg Avj­vni wbKU jvI‡n gvnd‚‡hi g‡a¨ me©‡kl bex wQjvg| Avwg
†Zvgv‡`i‡K Avgvi cÖ_g ïi“i K_v eje: Avgvi wcZv Beªvnx‡gi (Av) `yÔAv, Cmvi (Av) RvwZ‡K Zuvi fwel¨ØvYx Ges Avgvi
Av¤§vi ¯^cœ; wZwb †`L‡Z cvb †h Zuvi wfZi †_‡K GKwU b~i (Av‡jv) wbM©Z n‡q wmwiqvi cÖvmv`mg~n‡K Av‡jvwKZ K‡i †Zv‡j|
Gfv‡eB bexM‡Yi (Av) gv‡qiv †`‡Lb|Ó 285
Ave~ Dgvgv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb,
�ﺀﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨَﻷﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﻨﹶﻠ�ﻀﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
ÔÔwbðq Avj­vn bexM‡Yi Dc‡i Avgv‡K gh©v`v `vb K‡i‡Qb|ÕÕ 286
KziAvb I nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, gnvb Avj­vn gynv¤§v` (�)-†K Imxjv, gvKvg gvng~` I kvdvÔAvZ-Gi
gh©v`v cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| Imxjv k‡ãi A_© ˆbKU¨| G wel‡q Avgiv cÂg Aa¨v‡q Av‡jvPbv Kie, Bbkv Avj­vn| nv`xm kixd
†_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, gnvb Avj­vni wbKUZg I m‡e©v”P gh©v`vi ¯’vb‡K ÒImxjvÓ ejv nq, hv gnvb Avj­vn gynv¤§v`
(�)-†K cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| Avgi Beb~j Avm (iv) Ges Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb;
�ﻡـﹸﺜ ﺍ�ﺭﹾﺸ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﱠﻠ�ﺼ ﹰﺓﻼ�ﺼ
�ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻰﱠﻠ�ﺼ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﱡﻠ�ﺼ �ﻡﹸﺜ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ َلﹾﺜ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘﹶﻓ �ﻥﱢﺫ َﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺴ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ
�ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌِﻟ ﻻِﺇ ﻲ�ﻐ�ﺒﹾﻨﹶﺘ ﻻ ( �ﺔﱠﻨ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺔ�ﺠ�ﺭ�ﺩ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋَﺃ : ﺩﻭﺍﺩ ﻲﺒﺃﻭ ﻱﺫﻤﺭﺘﻟﺍ ﺙﻴﺩﺤ ﻲﻓ)
�ﺔﱠﻨ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹲﺔﹶﻟﹺﺯﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻬﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ ﹶﺔﹶﻠﻴ�ﺴ�ﻭﹾﻟﺍ ﻲِﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﺴ
ﹸﺔ�ﻋﺎﹶﻔﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻪﹶﻟ ﹾﺕﱠﻠ�ﺤ ﹶﺔﹶﻠﻴ�ﺴ�ﻭﹾﻟﺍ ﻲِﻟ َلَﺄ�ﺴ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜَﺃ �ﻥَﺃ ﻭ�ﺠ�ﺭَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ
ÒhLb †Zvgiv gyqvh&wh‡K (Zvi Avhvb) ïb‡e ZLb †m †hiƒc e‡j †miƒc ej‡e| Gici Avgvi Dci mvjvZ (`i“`) cvV
Ki‡e; KviY †h e¨w³ Avgvi Dci GKevi mvjvZ cvV K‡i Avj­vn Zuvi Dci `kevi ingZ K‡ib| AZtci †Zvgiv Avj­vni
Kv‡Q Avgvi Rb¨ Imxjv cÖv_©bv Ki‡e| Imxjv Rvbœv‡Zi Ggb GKwU gZ©ev (wZiwghx I Ave~ `vD‡`i eY©bvq: Rvbœv‡Zi m‡e©v”P
gh©v`v) hv Avj­vni ev›`v‡`i g‡a¨ GKRb Qvov †KD jvf Ki‡e bv| Avwg Avkv Kwi AvwgB †mB ev›`v| Avi †h e¨w³ Avgvi
Rb¨ ÔImxjvÕ cÖv_©bv Ki‡e Zvi Rb¨ kvdvÔAvZ cÖvc¨ n‡e|Ó 287
gvKvg gvng~` A_© cÖkswmZ Ae¯’vb, †h Ae¯’v‡b m„wói cÖ_g †_‡K †kl ch©š— mK‡jB Zuvi cÖksmv Ki‡eb| gnvb
Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺩﻭ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤﺎﹶﻘ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻙﹶﺜ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﻰ�ﺴ�ﻋ �ﻙﹶﻟ ﹰﺔﹶﻠ�ﻓﺎﹶﻨ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﺩ�ﺠ�ﻬﹶﺘﹶﻓ ِل�ﻴﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒGes ivwÎi wKQz As‡k Zvnv¾y` Kv‡qg Ki‡e; G †Zvgvi Rb¨ AwZwi³, Avkv Kiv hvq †Zvgvi cÖwZcvjK †Zvgv‡K
cÖwZwôZ Ki‡eb ÔgvKv‡g gvng~‡`Õ ev cÖkswkZ ¯’v‡b|Ó 288
gydvm&wmiMY D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, ÔgvKvg gynvg`Õ ej‡Z wKqvg‡`i w`b gnvb Avj­vni `iev‡i kvdvÔAv‡Zi gvKvg|
3. 2. 12. Zuvi gh©v`vi wel‡q Inxi AbymiY
gymwj‡gi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mwVK gh©v`v wbiƒc‡b Ges Zuv‡K h_vh_ m¤§vb cÖ`k©‡bi e¨vcv‡i cweÎ KziAvb I
mnxn nv`x‡mi Dci wbf©i Kiv| Avgiv Rvwb †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi m¤§vb I gh©v`v AeMZ nIqv gywg‡bi Cgv‡bi Ask I †gŠwjK
welq| mKj gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡ G‡‡Î mgvb| Kv‡RB Avgiv mn‡RB eyS‡Z cvwi †h, welqwU Avj­vn KziAvb Kvix‡g mnRfv‡e
mK‡ji †evaMg¨ K‡iB eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| GQvov ivm~jyj­vn � welqwU Zuvi mvnvexMY‡K Rvwb‡q‡Qb| ZuvivI gywg‡bi Cgv‡bi
weï×Zvi Rb¨ Gfv‡eB ¸i“‡Z¡i mv‡_ Zv ZvweqxMY‡K wkwL‡q‡Qb| Gfv‡e welq¸wj Aek¨B KziAv‡b ev gyZvIqvwZi-gvkn~i
mnxn nv`xm mg~‡n ¯úó I me©Rb‡evaMg¨fv‡e ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| KziAvb I nv`x‡m Zuvi m¤§vb, gh©v`v, `vwqZ¡, gZv, AwaKvi I

Avj­vni mv‡_ Zuvi m¤ú‡K©i K_v AZ¨š— ¯úófv‡e †kLvb n‡q‡Q| gymwj‡gi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv, Zuvi e¨vcv‡i KziAvb Kvix‡g ev mnxn
nv`x‡m hv ejv n‡q‡Q Zv mewKQy cwic~Y©fv‡e me©vš—tKi‡Y wek¦vm Kiv| wb‡Ri †_‡K †Kv‡bv wKQy evwo‡q ejv hv‡e bv| KviY
Avgiv ev D¤§v‡Zi AvwjgMY hv wKQzB e‡jb bv †Kb meB gvbexq BRwZnv`| Avi wek¦vm I AvKx`vi wfwË Inx| gvbexq K_v‡K
Inxi mv‡_ mswgkªY Ki‡j ev Inxi gh©v`v w`‡j mxgvj•Nb NU‡Z cv‡i|
c~e©eZ©x bexM‡Yi D¤§vZ Giƒc evovevwo ev mxgvj•N‡bi Kvi‡Y weåvš— n‡q‡Q e‡j Avgiv KziAvb I nv`xm †_‡K
Rvb‡Z cvwi| bexM‡Yi cÖwZ Awek¦vm †hgb gvbyl‡`i‡K aŸsm K‡i‡Q, †Zgwb aŸsm K‡i‡Q bexM‡Yi cÖwZ fw³‡Z
mxgvj•Nb| GRb¨ ivm~jyj­vn (�) Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K G wel‡q mZK© K‡i‡Qb|
Avãyj­vn Beby AveŸvm (iv) e‡jb, Dgvi Bebyj LvËve (iv) wg¤^v‡ii Dc‡i e³…Zvq e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb:
. �ﻪﹸﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ
85
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘﹶﻓ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﺒﺍ ﻯ�ﺭﺎ�ﺼﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﹾﺕ�ﺭﹾﻁَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ ﻲ�ﻨﻭ�ﺭﹾﻁﹸﺘ ﻻ
ÒL„÷vbMY †hiƒc Cmv Beby gvwiqvg‡K evwo‡q cÖksmv K‡i‡Q †Zvgiv †mfv‡e Avgvi evwo‡q cÖksmv Ki‡e bv| Avwg †Zv
Zuvi ev›`v gvÎ| AZGe †Zvgiv ej‡e: Avj­vni ev›`v I Zuvi ivm~j|Ó 289
GLv‡b ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K cÖksmvq evovevwo Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| evovevwoi A_© n‡jv Zuvi wel‡q cweÎ
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wkvi AwZwi³ wKQy ewo‡q ejv hv wZwb Avgv‡`i‡K e‡jb wb| wZwb L„÷vb‡`i evovevwoi w`‡K D¤§v‡Zi `„wó
AvKl©Y K‡i Zv‡`i‡K mZK© K‡i‡Qb| KziAvb Kvix‡g gnvb Avj­vn L„÷vb‡`i GB evovevwoi welqwU D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| Avj­vn
e‡jb:
�ﻪـﹸﺘ�ﻤ�ﻠﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻡ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﺒﺍ ﻰ�ﺴﻴ�ﻋ �ﺢﻴ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ ﱠﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻨﻴ�ﺩ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﻭﹸﻠﹾﻐﹶﺘ ﻻ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ َل�ﻫَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
ﹲﺔﹶﺜﻼﹶﺜ
ﺍﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺂﹶﻓ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﺡﻭ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎ�ﻫﺎﹶﻘﹾﻟَﺃ
Ò†n wKZvexMY, `x‡bi e¨vcv‡i evovevwo K‡iv bv Ges Avj­vn& m¤^‡Ü mZ¨ e¨ZxZ e‡jv bv| gwiqg Zbq Cmv gvmxn
Avj­vni ivm~j, Ges Zuvi evYx, hv wZwb gwiq‡gi wbKU †cÖiY K‡iwQ‡jb Ges Zuvi †_‡K (AvMZ) AvZ¥v (Av‡`k)| myZivs
†Zvgiv Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡j Dci Cgvb Avb Ges ewjI bv ÔwZbÕ...| 290
Cmv (Av)-Gi wel‡q L„÷vb‡`i evovevwoi ¯^iƒc wQj Zuvi wel‡q Avj­vni †`Iqv G mKj we‡klY‡K evwo‡q e¨vL¨v
K‡i Zuvi gh©v`v e„w×i Ac‡Póv Kiv| Avj­vn Zuvi wel‡q e‡j‡Qb †h, wZwb ÔAvj­vni KvwjgvÕ Ges ÔAvj­vni c †_‡K iƒnÕ|
ÔKvwjgvZzj­vnÕ, Ôiƒûj­vnÕ BZ¨vw` kã ï‡b wKQz f‡³i g‡b †h AwZfw³i c­veb ˆZwi nq, †m¸wjB µgvš^‡q fqvbK wki&‡K
cwiYZ nq| Zviv `vwe K‡ib †h, Avj­vni Kvwjgv Avj­vni wmdvZ ev we‡klY hv Zuvi mËvi Ask I ZuviB gZ Abvw`, †m‡nZz
ÔCmvÕ (Av) Avj­vni hvZ ev mËvi Ask| Avi Avj­vni iƒn Avj­vniB mËvi Ask| Gfv‡e Zviv `vwe K‡i †h, Ck¦‡ii mËvi
wZbwU e¨w³Z¡ ÔAvj­vn ev ÔwcZvÕ, KvwjgvZzj­vn ev Bebyj­vn A_©vr cyÎ Ges iƒûj­vn ev cweÎAvZ¥v| G wZb e¨w³ mgš^‡q GK
Ck¦i (bvEhy wej­vn)|
Zv‡`i G e¨vL¨vwfwËK AvKx`v evB‡e‡ji †Kv_vI my¯úófv‡e ejv nq wb| eis evB‡e‡ji AMwYZ wb‡`©kbv Gi mv‡_
my¯úófv‡e mvsNwl©K| Zviv Zv‡`i Giƒc e¨vL¨vwfwËK gZvgZ‡K g~j Av&Kx`v wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i Gi mv‡_ mvsNwl©K ZvIivZ
I Bwćji ZvInx` welqK I Cmv (Av)-Gi gbyl¨Z¡ welqK AMwYZ my¯úó AvqvZ‡K Ace¨vL¨v K‡i| G mKj Ace¨vL¨v
†Mjv‡bvi Rb¨ A‡bK `vk©wbK hyw³ †ck K‡i| Zv‡`i D‡Ïk¨ wQj Gfv‡e Cmv (Av)-Gi gh©v`v e„w× Kiv|
G w`‡K `„wó AvKl©Y K‡i Avj­vn e‡jb, Cmvi (Av) wel‡q Avj­vn hZUzKz e‡j‡Qb †Zvgiv ZZUzKzB ej, KviY ZZUzKzB n°
I mZ¨| Zvi AwZwi³ e‡jv bv, KviY e¨vL¨v Zvdmx‡ii bv‡g †Zvgiv hv ejQ Zv evwZj I AmZ¨| †Zvgiv Zuv‡K KvwjgvZzj­vn
Ges iƒûj­vn ej, Z‡e KvwjgvZzj­vn ev iƒûj­vni e¨vL¨v K‡i evwo‡q wKQz e‡jv bv| Ab¨Î Avj­vn D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, G mKj
evovevwoi wcQ‡b i‡q‡Q KwZcq ÔcwʇZiÕ cÖwZ cieZ©x‡`i AÜ fw³ I Zv‡`i AÜ AbyKiY| Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﱡﻠ�ﻀ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺜﹶﻜ ﺍﻭﱡﻠ�ﻀَﺃ�ﻭ ُل�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﱡﻠ�ﻀ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﹴﻡ�ﻭﹶﻗ �ﺀﺍ�ﻭ�ﻫَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻨﻴ�ﺩ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﻭﹸﻠﹾﻐﹶﺘ ﻻ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ َل�ﻫَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ ْلﹸﻗ
ِلﻴﹺﺒ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﺀﺍ�ﻭ�ﺴ
Òej, †n wKZvexMY, †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i `x‡bi wel‡q evovevwo K‡iv bv Ges †m m¤cÖ`vq B‡Zvc~‡e© c_åó n‡q‡Q I
A‡bK‡K c_åó K‡i‡Q Ges mij c_ †_‡K wePz¨Z n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i gwR©gvwdK gZvg‡Zi AbymiY K‡iv bv|Ó 291
Zvn‡j Avgiv †`L‡Z cvw”Q †h, L„÷vbM‡Yi AwZfw³ I evovevwoi ¯^iƒc wQj Inxi ga¨Kvi KwZcq ب_©‡evaK k‡ãi
AwZfw³g~jK A_©‡K `x‡bi I AvKx`vi wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i Cmv (Av)-Gi wel‡q Inxi evB‡i AwZwi³ ¸Yvewj Av‡ivc
Kiv Ges †m¸wji wecix‡Z AMwYZ ب_©nxb Inxi evYx‡K e¨vL¨v Kiv|
ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K G wel‡q mZK© K‡i Zuvi wel‡q wK ej‡Z n‡e Zvi wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb Ki‡jb| wZwb
ej‡jb, Avwg Avj­vni ev›`v| Avgv‡K Avj­vn `ywU g~j we‡kl‡Y we‡kwlZ K‡i‡Qb: Avj­vni ev›`v Ges Avj­vni ivm~j|
†Zvgiv Avgvi wel‡q GiƒcB ej‡e| A_©vr Inxi gva¨‡g KziAv‡b ev nv`x‡m Zuvi wel‡q hv ejv n‡q‡Q ûeû ZvB Avgv‡`i‡K

ej‡Z n‡e| G¸wj‡K e¨vL¨v Kiv ev wewfbœ hyw³ w`‡q G¸wji mv‡_ Av‡iv wKQz K_v †hvM Kiv Avgv‡`i‡K evovevwoi c‡_
wb‡q †h‡Z cv‡i|
Dc‡ii nv`x‡mi b¨vq Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K Zuvi cÖksmv ev fw³i †‡Î evovevwo cwinvi
Ki‡Z Ges Inxi e¨eüZ kãvewji g‡a¨ mxgve× _vK‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb|
Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) e‡jb,
�ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴـﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺱﺎـﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎـ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ : � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ،ﺎﹶﻨﹺﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨ
�ﻥ�ﺒﺍ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺩ�ﻴ�ﺴ �ﻥ�ﺒﺍ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺩ�ﻴ�ﺴ ﺎ�ﻴ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻴ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﻼ�ﺠ�ﺭ �ﻥﺇ
ﻲـ�ﺘﹶﻟﹺﺯﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﹶﻕ�ﻭـﹶﻓ ﻲ�ﻨﻭ�ﻌﹶﻓ�ﺭﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﺏ�ﺤُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﹸﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠ ﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ ،�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﺒ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ،�ﻥﺎﹶﻁ�ﻴﱠﺸﻟﺍ
�ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻨ�ﻴﹺﻭ�ﻬﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﺍ�ﻭﹾﻘﹶﺘﹺﺒ
ﱠل�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﺯ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻨﹶﻟ�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻟﺍ
ÔÔGK e¨w³ ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K e‡j, †n gynv¤§v`, †n Avgv‡`i †bZv (mvB‡q`), Avgv‡`i †bZvi cyÎ, Avgv‡`i g‡a¨
me©‡Ëvg, Avgv‡`i m‡e©vËg e¨w³i cyÎ| ZLb ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb: †n gvby‡liv, †Zvgiv Avj­vn‡K fq K‡i Pj| kqZvb †hb
†Zvgv‡`i‡K weåvš— bv K‡i| Avwg Avãyj­vni ‡Q‡j gynv¤§v`, Avwg Avj­vni ev›`v I Zuvi ivm~j| Avj­vni Kmg, Avwg
fvjevwm bv †h, Avj­vn Avgv‡K †h gh©v`vi Avm‡b ewm‡q‡Qb †Zvgiv Avgv‡K Zvi E‡aŸ© IVv‡e|ÕÕ 292
A_©vr kqZvb wewfbœfv‡e gvbyl‡K weåvš— Ki‡Z †Póv K‡i| bex-ivm~jMY‡K A¯^xKvi Kivi gva¨‡g A‡bK‡K †m
weåvš— K‡i| Avevi Zuv‡`i fw³ I cÖksmvq mxgv j•Nb Kwi‡qI kqZvb A‡bK‡K weåvš— K‡i| Kv‡RB †m wel‡q mZK©
_vK‡Z n‡e| kqZvb A‡bK mgq Kzgš¿Yv w`‡Z cv‡i †h, bex-ivm~j‡K †ewk cÖksmv Ki‡j ev fw³ Ki‡j wZwb nqZ Lywk
n‡eb| GRb¨ ivm~jyj­vn � ¯úófv‡e D‡j­L Ki‡jb †h, Giƒc fw³ ev cÖksmvq wZwb Lywk nb bv| eis Inxi gva¨‡g cÖvß
we‡kl‡Yi g‡a¨ mxgve× _vK‡jB wZwb Lywk nb|
GLv‡b jYxq †h, Dch©y³ nv`x‡m e³v mvnvex ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wel‡q †h we‡klY¸wj e¨envi K‡i‡Qb meB mZ¨ I
†m¸wj ejv Bmjv‡g †Kv‡bvfv‡eB AvcwËKi bq| ZeyI ivm~jyj­vn � Avj­vn Zuv‡K †h we‡kl `ywU c`gh©v`v cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb
Zvi evB‡i wKQz e¨envi Kiv AcQ›` Ki‡Qb| evn¨Z wZwb evovewoi `iRv e›` Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb|
G A‡_©i Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avãyj­vn Bebyk wkL&Lxi (iv) e‡jb,
ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻤﹶﻅ�ﻋَﺃ�ﻭ ﻻ�ﻭﹶﻗ
ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻬﹸﻠ�ﻀﹾﻓَﺃ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﻴ�ﺴﻟﺍ : � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹴﺵ�ﻴ�ﺭﹸﻗ �ﺩ�ﻴ�ﺴ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ٌل�ﺠ�ﺭ �ﺀﺎ�ﺠ
�ﻥﺎﹶﻁ�ﻴﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻩ�ﺭﹺﺠﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪِﻟ�ﻭﹶﻘﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ
ْلﹸﻘ�ﻴِﻟ : � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﻻ�ﻭﹶﻁ
ÒGKe¨w³ ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wbKU AvMgb K‡i e‡j, Avcwb KzivBk‡`i †bZv ev cÖavb (mvB‡q`)| wZwb e‡jb †bZv
ev cÖavb (mvB‡q`) †Zv Avj­vn| †jvKwU e‡j: Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ K_vq AvcwbB m‡e©vËg Ges gn‡Z¡-gh©v`vq AvcwbB me©‡kªô|
ZLb ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb: †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ †KD K_v ej‡Z PvB‡j ejyK, Z‡e kqZvb †hb Zv‡K †U‡b wb‡q bv hvq|Ó 293
GLv‡b jYxq †h, †Kv‡bv gvbyl‡K mvB‡q` (†bZv ev cÖavb) ejv Bmjv‡g wbwl× bq| mvnvexMY G‡K Aci‡K KL‡bv
KL‡bv ÔmvB‡q`ybvÕ (Avgv‡`i †bZv) e‡j D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| GnBqvDm mybvb MÖ‡š’ Avwg G welqK wKQz nv`xm D‡j­L K‡iwQ| 294
cÂg Aa¨v‡q wkiK AvmMvi welqK Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv †`Le †h, ivm~jyj­vn � `vm‡`i‡K wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb gwbe ev gvwjK‡K
iveŸ (cÖfy) bv e‡j mvB‡q` (†bZv) e‡j WvK‡Z| GZ`‡mË¡I ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi wb‡Ri wel‡l ÔmvB‡q`Õ kã e¨envi Ki‡Z
AvcwË Ki‡Qb| evn¨Z wZwb G wel‡q evovevwoi `iRv eÜ Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb Ges gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi wel‡q †h kã I Dcvwa
e¨envi K‡i‡Qb Zvi g‡a¨ mxgve× _vK‡Z D¤§vZ‡K w`Kwb‡`©kbv w`‡q‡Qb| Inxi e¨eüZ kã Avi gvbexq Av‡eM-we‡e‡Ki
wfwˇZ fvlvÁv‡bi Av‡jv‡K e¨eüZ k‡ãi g‡a¨ Cgv‡bi RM‡Z A‡bK cvv_©K¨|
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi †`ŠwnÎ ûmvBb Beby Avjx (iv) e‡jb,
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86
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Ò†Zvgiv Avgv‡`i‡K Bmjv‡gi fvjevmvq fvjevm‡e; KviY ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb, Avgv‡K Avgvi cÖv‡c¨i Dc‡i
DVv‡e bv; KviY Avj­vn Avgv‡K ivm~j wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kivi Av‡MB Avgv‡K ev›`v wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Qb|Ó 295
Dc‡ii nv`xm¸wji Av‡jv‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi fw³ I gh©v`v cÖ`vb Avgv‡`i Ab¨Zg `vwqZ¡ I
Cgv‡bi Ab¨Zg `vwe| Z‡e Avgv‡`i eyS‡Z n‡e †h, kqZvb wewfbœ fv‡e gvbyl‡K Awek¦v‡mi b¨vq AwZfw³i gva¨‡gI
weåvš— Ki‡Z cv‡i| GRb¨ Avgv‡`i‡K Inxi ûeû AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
GQvov Av‡iv eyS‡Z n‡e †h, wek¦v‡mi wfwË ÔMvBexÕ wel‡qi Dc‡i| G mKj wel‡q Inxi wb‡`©kbv Qvov †Kv‡bv dqmvjv
†`Iqv hvq bv| Kg© wel‡q KziAvb ev nv`x‡m my¯úó weavb †bB Giƒc A‡bK bZzb bZzb welq D¢vweZ nq, GRb¨ †m‡‡Î wKqvm

I BRwZnv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb nq| †hgb gvBK, aygcvb BZ¨vw` welq| wKš‘ wek¦vm ev AvKx`vi welq †miƒc bq| G¸wj‡Z bZzb
ms‡hvRb m¤¢e bq| GRb¨ G wel‡q wKqvm ev BRwZnv` A_©nxb| Avj­vni ¸Yvewj, bexM‡Yi msL¨v, gh©v`v, wdwikZvM‡Yi msL¨v,
m„wó, Kg©, `vwqZ¡ BZ¨vw` wel‡q BRwZnv‡`i †Kv‡bv my‡hvM †bB| KziAvb I nv`x‡m †hfv‡e hZUzKz ejv n‡q‡Q ZvB wek¦vm Ki‡Z
n‡e| G mKj †‡Î Avgiv Inxi K_v‡K hyw³ w`‡q mg_©b Ki‡Z cvwi, wKš‘ hyw³ w`‡q †Kv‡bv wKQz ms‡hvRb ev we‡qvRb Ki‡Z
cvwi bv|
lô Aa¨v‡q we`ÔAvZ I wefw³i Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv †`Le †h, ivm~jyj­vn � fwel¨ØvYx K‡i‡Qb, Zuvi D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨I
c~e©eZ©x D¤§vZ‡`i gZ weåvwš— cÖ‡ek Ki‡e| ev¯—‡e Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, mvnvex, Zvweqx, Zvwe-Zvweqx‡`i hyM Ges
gymwjg D¤§vni †mvbvjx hyM¸wj AwZµvš— nIqvi c‡i, gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi gh©v`v wel‡q Inxi wb‡`©k
j•Nb I Inxi mv‡_ wewfbœ e¨vL¨v †hvM K‡i AvKx`v ˆZwii cÖeYZv m„wó nq| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwjg gvbexq eyw× w`‡q Inxi
GKwU e³‡e¨i wb‡Ri cQ›`gZ A_©‡K wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i Ab¨vb¨ e³e¨‡K e¨vL¨v K‡i weK…Z ev evwZj K‡ib Ges
Inxi AwZwi³ Ges mvnvexM‡Yi e³‡e¨i e¨wZµg A‡bK welq‡K AvKx`vi Aš—f©y³ K‡ib| GLv‡b G RvZxq K‡qKwU welq
Av‡jvPbv KiwQ:
3. 2. 12. 1. Zuvi gvbeZ¡ ebvg A‡jŠwKKZ¡ welqK weZK©
KziAvb-nv`x‡m evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, ivm~jyj­vn � Ab¨‡`i gZB gvbyl| Avevi KziAvb-nv`x‡m wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Zuvi
A‡bK gywRhv, A‡jŠwKK Kg©, I A‡jŠwKK gh©v`vi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| mvnvexMY I Zuv‡`i Abymvix Zvweq-ZvweZvweqx I Avnjym
mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi AbymvwiMY G mKj AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bviƒc ˆecixZ¨ Kíbv K‡ib wb| Zuviv me©vš—Ki‡Y
mKj AvqvZ I nv`xm‡K mij I ¯^vfvweK A‡_© wek¦vm K‡i‡Qb| wZwb gvbyl wQ‡jb Zv †hgb mZ¨, †Zgwb mZ¨ †h gnvb Avj­vn
Zv‡K A‡bK A‡jŠwKK ˆewkó¨ cÖ`vb K‡iwQ‡jb| wKš‘ cieZ©xKv‡j gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ G wel‡q `ywU gZev` ˆZwi nq, hviv GK
A‡_©i AvqvZ I nv`xm‡K Ab¨ A‡_©i AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi wecixZ ev mvsNwl©K e‡j Kíbv K‡i Ges GKwU A_©‡K wek¦vm Kivi bvg
K‡i Ab¨ A‡_©i mKj AvqvZ I nv`xm wewfbœ e¨vL¨v K‡i evwZj K‡i †`q|
cÖ_g gZwU wØZxq wnRix kZ‡Ki gyÕZvwhjv I mggbv wdiKvmg~‡ni g‡a¨ Rb¥jvf K‡i Ges cieZ©xKv‡j `vk©wbK I
AvaywbK hy‡M †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv cvðvZ¨cš’x cwʇZi g‡a¨ weKvk jvf K‡i| Zviv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi evkvwiq¨vZ ev gvbeZ¡
welqK AvqvZ I nv`xm¸wj‡K Zv‡`i wek¦v‡mi wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i Ges Zuvi A‡jŠwKKZ¡ welq AvqvZ I nv`xm wewfbœ
e¨vL¨vi gva¨‡g evwZj K‡i †`b| Zv‡`i AvKx`vi g~j GB †h, wZwb GKvš—B Ab¨ mK‡ji gZ gvbyl wQ‡jb, wZwb KziAvb
Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gywRhv †`Lvb wb Ges Zuvi †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK ˆewkó¨I wQj bv| G welqK †h mKj AvqvZ I nv`xm ewY©Z
n‡q‡Q Zvi AgyK ev ZgyK A_© i‡q‡Q| Gfv‡e Zviv Zuvi gywRhv welqK I Zuvi A‡jŠwKK ˆewkó¨ welqK AvqvZ I
nv`xm¸wji Ggb e¨vL¨v K‡ib †h Zv‡Z cÖK…Z c‡ Zv meB A¯^xKvi Kiv nq|
Ab¨ gZwU A‡bK c‡i Rb¥jvf K‡i| 7g-8g wnRix kZK †_‡K †KD †KD ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi gywRhv, A‡jŠwKK Kg©
I A‡jŠwKK ˆewkóvewj welqK AvqvZ I nv`xm‡K Zv‡`i wek¦v‡mi wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡ib| G¸wji wfwˇZ Zviv Zuviv
evkvwiq¨vZ ev gvbeZ¡ welqK mKj AvqvZ I nv`xm‡K wewfbœ e¨vLvi gva¨‡g evwZj K‡i †`b| Zv‡`i gZvg‡Zi g~j K_v
GB †h, wZwb g~jZ evkvi ev gvbyl wQ‡jb bv| cÖK…Zc‡ wZwb A‡jŠwKK mËv I e¨w³Z¡ wQ‡jb| GKvš—B iƒcK A‡_© ev
`vIqv‡Zi cÖ‡qvR‡b Zv‡K gvbyl ejv n‡q‡Q| Zvi gvbeZ¡ I gvbexq ˆewkó¨ ÁvcK AvqvZ I nv`xm¸wji AgyK ev ZgyK A_©
i‡q‡Q| Gfv‡e Zviv Zuvi evkvwiq¨vZ welqK mKj AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi Ggb e¨vL¨v K‡ib †h, †m¸wj g~jZ meB evwZj n‡q
hvq|
Avgiv GLv‡b G welqK AvqvZ I nv`xm¸wj Av‡jvPbv Kie|
ÔevkviÕ ( �ﺭـﹶﺸ�ﺒ) A_© gvbyl, gvbylMY ev gvbylRvwZ (man, human being, men, mankind)| KziAvb Kvix‡g cÖvq
40 ¯’v‡b ÔevkviÕ kãwU e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q GB GKB A‡_©| GKePb I eûePb Dfq A‡_©B kãwU e¨eüZ nq|
cieZ©x Aa¨v‡q bex-ivm~jM‡Yi ˆewkó¨ Av‡jvPbvKv‡j Avgiv †`Le †h, hy‡M hy‡M bex-ivm~j‡`i `vIÔAvZ A¯^xKvi
Kivi †‡Î Awek¦vmx‡`i cÖavb `vwe wQj †h, bexMY †Zv ÔgvbylÕ gvÎ, Giv Avj­vni bex n‡Z cv‡ib bv| Avj­vn hw` KvD‡K
cvVv‡ZB PvB‡Zb Z‡e wdwikZv cvwV‡q w`‡Zb| †h‡nZz Giv gvbyl †m‡nZz G‡`i byeyIqv‡Zi `vwe wg_¨v| G‡`i K_vi cÖwZev‡`
bexMY Zv‡`i‡K my¯úófv‡e Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h, ÔAvgiv †Zvgv‡`i gZ gvbylÕ G K_v wVK, Z‡e Gi A_© GB bq †h, gvbyl n‡j
Avj­vni Inx I byeyIqv‡Zi gh©v`v jvf Kiv hvq bv| eis Avj­vn gvbyl‡`i ga¨ †_‡KB hv‡K B”Q bex ev ivm~j wn‡m‡e †e‡Q
†bb Ges gvbe‡Z¡i mv‡_B Zv‡K A‡jŠwKK ˆewkó¨ I Inx cÖ`vb K‡ib|
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wel‡qI KziAv‡b GK_v ejv n‡q‡Q| KziAv‡b D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, ivm~jyj­vn � ÔevkviÕ ev gvbyl|
GQvov D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h wZwb ÔAb¨‡`i gZ gvbylÕ| G wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎـ�ﻬﹶﻟﻼ�ﺨ �ﺭﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨَﻷﺍ �ﺭ�ﺠﹶﻔﹸﺘﹶﻓ ﹴﺏﹶﻨ�ﻋ�ﻭ ٍلﻴ�ﺨﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹲﺔﱠﻨ�ﺠ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹶﺘ �ﻭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻋﻭ�ﺒﹾﻨ�ﻴ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻟ
�ﺭ�ﺠﹾﻔﹶﺘ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅﹸﻨ �ﻥﹶﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ
ﻲ�ﻓ ﻰﹶﻗ�ﺭﹶﺘ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻑ�ﺭﹾﺨ�ﺯ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹲﺕ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜ�ﻴ �ﻭَﺃ ﻼﻴﹺﺒﹶﻗ �ﺔﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻲ�ﺘْﺄﹶﺘ �ﻭَﺃ ﺎﹰﻔ�ﺴ�ﻜ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹶﺕ�ﻤ�ﻋ�ﺯ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹶﻁ�ﻘ�ﺴﹸﺘ �ﻭَﺃ ﺍ�ﺭﻴﹺﺠﹾﻔﹶﺘ
�ﻥَﺃ �ﺱﺎـﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻊـﹶﻨ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﻻﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺍ�ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ ﻻِﺇ
ﹸﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ ْل�ﻫ ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥﺎ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻩُﺅ�ﺭﹾﻘﹶﻨ ﺎ�ﺒﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ َل�ﺯﹶﻨﹸﺘ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻙ�ﻴ�ﻗ�ﺭِﻟ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅﹸﻨ �ﻥﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ
ﻻﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ
ﺍ�ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹶﺙ�ﻌ�ﺒَﺃ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻥَﺃ ﻻِﺇ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻬﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ ﹾﺫِﺇ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ
87

ÔÔGes Zviv e‡j, ÔKLbB Avgiv Avcbvi cÖwZ Cgvb Avbe bv hZY bv Avcwb Avgv‡`i Rb¨ f~wg n‡Z GKwU
SY©vaviv DrmvwiZ Ki‡eb| A_ev Avcbvi GKwU †LRy‡ii I Av½y‡ii evMvb n‡e hvi duv‡K duv‡K Avcwb b`x-bvjv cÖevwnZ
K‡i †`‡eb| A_ev Avcwb †hgb e‡j _v‡Kb Z`byhvqx AvKvk‡K LÊ-weLÊ K‡i Avgv‡`i Dci †dj‡eb, A_ev Avj­vn I
wdwikZvMY‡K Avgv‡`i mvg‡b G‡b Dcw¯’Z Ki‡eb| A_ev Avcbvi GKwU AjsK…Z ¯^Y© wbwg©Z M„n n‡e| A_ev Avcwb
AvKv‡k Av‡ivnY Ki‡eb, Z‡e Avgiv Avcbvi AvKvk Av‡ivn‡Y KL‡bv wek¦vm Kie bv hZY bv Avcwb Avgv‡`i (Avmgvb
†_‡K) GKwU wKZve AeZxY© Ki‡eb hv Avgiv cvV Kie|Õ ej, ÔcweÎ Avgvi cÖwZcvjK (myenvbvj­vn!)! Avwg †Zv †KejgvÎ
GKRb gvbyl, GKRb ivm~j| Avi gvby‡li Kv‡Q hLb †n`v‡q‡Zi evbx Av‡m ZLb †Zv Zviv ïay GK_v e‡j Cgvb Avbqb
Kiv †_‡K weiZ _v‡K †h, Avj­vn wK GKRb gvbyl‡K ivm~j K‡i cvwV‡q‡Qb?!Ó 296
A_©vr Kvwdi‡`i `vwe †h, Avj­vni ivm~j nIqvi A_© Avj­vni gZvi wKQz Ask jvf Kiv| cvš—‡i gnvb Avj­vn
Rvbv‡jb †h, ivm~j nIqvi A_© Avj­vni wb‡`k© Abymv‡i cÖPv‡ii `vwqZ¡ jvf, gZv jvf bq; gZv GKgvÎ Avj­vni| Ab¨Î
gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻙﹺﺭـﹾﺸ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﺤِﻟﺎ�ﺼ ﻼ�ﻤ�ﻋ ْل�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻴﹾﻠﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺀﺎﹶﻘِﻟ ﻭ�ﺠ�ﺭ�ﻴ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻬﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨَﺃ �ﻲﹶﻟِﺇ ﻰ�ﺤﻭ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﻠﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ ْلﹸﻗ
ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺓ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻌﹺﺒ
ÔÔej: ÔAvwg †Zv †Zvgv‡`i gZ GKRb gvbyl gvÎ Avgvi cÖwZ Inx cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q †h, †Zvgv‡`i gvÕey` (Dcvm¨)
GKgvÎ GKB gvÕey`| AZGe †h e¨w³ Zvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki mvvr Kvgbv K‡i, †m †hb mrKg© K‡i Ges Zvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki
Bev`‡Z KvD‡K kixK bv K‡i|ÕÕ 297
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
88
�ﻥﻴ�ﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻤﹾﻠِﻟ ٌل�ﻴ�ﻭ�ﻭ �ﻩﻭ�ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ﺍﻭ�ﻤﻴ�ﻘﹶﺘ�ﺴﺎﹶﻓ �ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻬﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨَﺃ �ﻲﹶﻟِﺇ ﻰ�ﺤﻭ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﻠﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ ْلﹸﻗ
ÔÔej, Avwg †Zv †Zvgv‡`i gZ GKRb gvbyl gvÎ Avgvi cÖwZ Inx cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q †h, †Zvgv‡`i gvÕey` GKgvÎ GKB
gvÕey`| AZGe †Zvgiv ZviB c_ Aej¤^b Ki Ges ZviB wbKU gv cÖ_©bv Ki| hviv wki&‡K wjß Zv‡`i Rb¨ i‡q‡Q
`y‡fv©M|ÕÕ 298
ivm~jyj­vn � evievi Zuvi D¤§Z‡K welqwU wkv w`‡q‡Qb| wZwb GKw`‡K †hgb Avj­vn Zuv‡K †h gh©v`v `vb K‡i‡Qb
Zv Zuvi D¤§ZiK Rvwb‡q‡Qb, wVK †Zgwbfv‡e evievi Zuvi D¤§Z‡K wkwL‡q‡Qb †h, wZwb GKRb gvbyl|
GK nv`x‡m bex-cZœx D¤§y mvjvgv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻥـ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹺﺒ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻲ�ﻀﹾﻗَﺄﹶﻓ ﹶﻕ�ﺩ�ﺼ �ﻪﱠﻨَﺃ �ﺏ�ﺴ�ﺤَﺄﹶﻓ ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹶﻎﹶﻠ�ﺒَﺃ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﱠل�ﻌﹶﻠﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﺼﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻨﻴ�ﺘْﺄ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ
ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻜ�ﺭﹾﺘ�ﻴﹾﻠﹶﻓ �ﻭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻫﹾﺫﹸﺨْﺄ�ﻴﹾﻠﹶﻓ ﹺﺭﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹲﺔ�ﻌﹾﻁ�ﻗ �ﻲ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ ﹴﻡ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﻤ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹺﺒ �ﻪﹶﻟ ﹸﺕ�ﻴ�ﻀﹶﻗ
ÔÔAvwg GKRb gvbyl gvÎ| Avgvi Kv‡Q wePvi dqmvjv wb‡q gvby‡liv Av‡m| ev`x I weev`xi ga¨ †_‡K GKRb nqZ
AwaKZi evKcUz nq, d‡j Zv‡K mZ¨ev`x g‡b K‡i nqZ Avwg Zvi c‡B wePvi Kwi| hw` Avwg fzj K‡i G‡Ki m¤ú` A‡b¨i
c‡ wePvi K‡i w`B, Z‡e †m m¤ú` Zvi Rb¨ nvjvj n‡e bv| eis Zv n‡e Zvi Rb¨ Av¸‡bi GKwU wcÊ, Zvi B”Qv n‡j †m Zv
MÖnY Ki“K, Avi B”Qv n‡j Zv cwiZ¨vM Ki“K|ÕÕ 299
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avãyj­vn Beby gvmE` (iv) e‡jb, GKevi ivm~jyj­vn � mvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ fzj K‡ib| mvjv‡gi c‡i
mvnvexiv wRÁvmv K‡ib, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, mvjv‡Zi wK †Kv‡bv bZzb weavb bvwhj n‡q‡Q? wZwb e‡jb: †Zvgiv G cÖkœ KiQ
†Kb? Zviv e‡jb: Avcwb Ggb Ggb K‡i‡Qb| ZLb wZwb mvjvZ c~Y© K‡ib Ges e‡jb:
ﻲ�ﻨﻭ�ﺭﱢﻜﹶﺫﹶﻓ ﹸﺕﻴ�ﺴﹶﻨ ﺍﹶﺫِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻥ�ﻭ�ﺴﹾﻨﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ ﻰ�ﺴﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﻠﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﺘْﺄ�ﺒﹶﻨﹶﻟ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ �ﺓﻼ�ﺼﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹶﺙ�ﺩ�ﺤ �ﻭﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ
ÔÔmvjv‡Zi wbqg cwieZ©b Kiv n‡j Avwg Aek¨B †Zvgv‡`i‡K RvbvZvg| wKš‘ Avwg †Zvgv‡`i gZB GKRb gvbyl
gvÎ| †Zvgiv †hgb fzj Ki AvwgI †Zgwb fzj Kwi| hw` Avwg KL‡bv fyj Kwi Z‡e †Zvgiv Avgv‡K g‡b Kwi‡q †`‡e|ÕÕ 300
ivwd Beby Lv`xR (iv) e‡jb: hLb ivm~jyj­vn � g`xbvq Avm‡jb ZLb g`xbvi gymjgv‡biv †LRy‡ii gvImy‡gi ïi“‡Z
cyi“l †LRy‡ii †iYyi mv‡_ ¯¿x †LRy‡ii †iYy †gjv‡Zb, Drcv`b e„w×i Rb¨| wZwb Zv‡`i‡K Gi KviY wRÁvmv Ki‡j Zviv
e‡jb: Avgiv memgq Gfv‡e K‡i AvmwQ| wZwb e‡jb: G bv Ki‡jB †evanq fvj n‡e| ZLb Zviv Zv Z¨vM K‡ib, d‡j
†m ermi †LRy‡ii Drcv`b Kg nq| ZLb Zuv‡K welqwU Rvbv‡bv nq| wZwb e‡jb:
�ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ
ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ ﹴﻱْﺃ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﺘ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﺫﹸﺨﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻨﻴ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﺘ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ

ÔÔAvwg †Zv GKRb gvbyl gvÎ| hLb Avwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K `x‡bi wel‡q †Kv‡bv wb‡`©k `vb Kie, ZLb †Zvgiv Zv MÖnY
Ki‡e| Avi hw` Avwg †Kv‡bv RvMwZK wel‡q Avgvi aviYv ev gZvgZ ewj Z‡e †Zv Avwg GKRb gvbyl gvÎ|ÕÕ 301
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Av‡qkv (iv) e‡jb:
ﺎـ�ﻴ ﹸﺕـﹾﻠﹸﻗ ﺎـ�ﺠ�ﺭﹶﺨ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻠﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻌﹶﻠﹶﻓ �ﻩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻀﹾﻏَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩَﺃ ﻻ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸﹺﺒ �ﻩﺎ�ﻤﱠﻠﹶﻜﹶﻓ ﹺﻥﻼ�ﺠ�ﺭ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ َلﹶﺨ�ﺩ
ﺎـ�ﻤ �ﺕـ�ﻤ�ﻠ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻭَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬﹶﺘ�ﺒ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬﹶﺘﹾﻨ�ﻌﹶﻟ ﹸﺕﹾﻠﹸﻗ ﹾﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻙﺍﹶﺫ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﹺﻥﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﻪ�ﺒﺎ�ﺼَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ ﹺﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺏﺎ�ﺼَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ
ﺍ�ﺭ�ﺠَﺃ�ﻭ ﹰﺓﺎﹶﻜ�ﺯ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻪﹾﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠﺎﹶﻓ �ﻪﹸﺘ�ﺒ�ﺒ�ﺴ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻪﹸﺘﹾﻨ�ﻌﹶﻟ �ﻥﻴ�ﻤ�ﻠ �ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻱَﺄﹶﻓ �ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹸﺕﹾﻠﹸﻗ ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹸﺕﹾﻁ�ﺭﺎﹶﺸ
Òivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Kv‡Q `yÕRb †jvK Av‡mb| Zviv wK e‡jb Avwg Rvwb bv, Z‡e Zv‡`i K_vq ivm~jyj­vn � ivMvwš^Z
nb| wZwb Zv‡`i‡K Mvwj †`b Ges e` †`vqv K‡ib| Zviv †ewi‡q †M‡j Avwg ejjvg: †n Avj­vni ivm~j, GB `yBRb †jvK
KL‡bv ‡Kv‡bv Kj¨vY jvf Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| wZwb e‡jb: †Kb? Avwg ejjvg: KviY Avcwb Zv‡`i‡K Mvwj w`‡q‡Qb Ges
e`‡`vqv K‡i‡Qb| wZwb e‡jb: Zzwg wK Rvb bv Avgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki mv‡_ Avgvi wK Pzw³ n‡q‡Q? Avwg †Zv Avj­vn‡K e‡jwQ:
Ô†n Avj­vn, Avwg †Zv GKRb gvbyl gvÎ, ZvB hw` †Kv‡bv gymwjg‡K Avwg KL‡bv e`‡`vqv Kwi ev Mvwj w`B, Zvn‡j Avcwb
Zv †mB e¨w³i Rb¨ cweÎZv I mIqve evwb‡q †`‡eb|ÕÕ 302
Dc‡ii A‡_© Ave~ ûivBiv, Rvwei Beby Avãyj­vn, Avbvm Beby gvwjK, Avey evK&ivn I Ab¨vb¨ mvnvex (�) †_‡K A‡bK
nv`xm mnxn eyLvix, mnxn gymwjg I wmnvn wmËvi Ab¨vb¨ MÖ‡š’ msKwjZ n‡q‡Q|
G mKj AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi cvkvcvwk Ab¨vb¨ AvqvZ I nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi A‡bK gywRhv I ˆewk‡ói K_v D‡j­L
Kiv n‡q‡Q| wgivR, P›`ª wØLwÊZ Kiv I Ab¨vb¨ gywRhv welqK AvqvZ I nv`xm Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| wewfbœ mnxn
nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi wcÖqZg ivm~j‡K A‡bK ˆewkó¨ cÖ`vb K‡iwQ‡jb hv †Kv‡bv gvby‡li g‡a¨
we`¨gvb _vKv m¤¢e bq| G¸wj‡K Aviex‡Z ÔLvmvBmÕ ev Ôˆewkó¨mg~nÕ ejv nh| B‡Zvc~‡e© Zvi gh©v`v welqK nv`xm¸wj‡Z Zuvi
A‡bK ˆewkó¨ Avgiv †`‡LwQ| wewfbœ mnxn nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, gvbyl †hfv‡e mvg‡bi w`‡K `„wóMÖvn¨ e¯‘mg~n
†`‡L wZwb Abyiƒcfv‡e wcQbw`‡KI †`L‡Zb 303 , Zuvi PzØq Nygv‡jI Zuvi Aš—i RvMÖZ _vKZ 304 , mvaviY gvby‡li gZ Zvi
kix‡i Nv‡g †Kv‡bv `yM©Ü wQjbv, eis Zvi kix‡ii Nvg wQj AZ¨š— myMÜ, mvnvexMY hv AvZi wn‡m‡e e¨envi Ki‡Z AZxe
AvMÖnx wQ‡jb| 305 G Qvov Av‡iv A‡bK A‡jŠwKK ˆewk‡ó¨i K_v wewfbœ nv`xm †_‡K Rvbv hvq| cieZ©x Aby‡”Q`¸wj‡Z Avgiv
wKQz ˆewkó¨ Av‡jvPbv Kie|
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi gnvb gh©v`vi GKwU w`K †h, gnvb Avj­vn Zv‡K ÔwmivRyg gybxiÕ: Ô†R¨vwZg©q cÖ`xcÕ ev Ôb~icÖ`vbKvix
cÖ`xcÕ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﻨـ �ﻤ ﺎ�ﺠﺍ�ﺭ�ﺴ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻨﹾﺫِﺈﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎ�ﻴ�ﻋﺍ�ﺩ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺫﹶﻨ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﱢﺸ�ﺒ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻫﺎﹶﺸ �ﻙﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃﺎ�ﻴ
Ò†n bex, Avwg Avcbv‡K cvwV‡qwQ mvxiƒ‡c Ges mymsev``vZv I mZK©Kvixiƒ‡c, Avj­vni AbygwZµ‡g Zuvi w`‡K
AvnŸvbKvixiƒ‡c Ges Av‡jv‡Kv¾¡j (b~i-cÖ`vbKvix) cÖ`xciƒ‡c|Ó 306
Avgiv KziAvb Kvix‡gi ˆewkó¨ welqK Av‡jvPbvq †`Le †h, gnvb Avj­vn evisevi KziAvb Kvixg‡K Ôb~iÕ ev †R¨vwZ
e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b gnvb Avj­vn mvaviYfv‡e Ôb~iÕ ev ÔAvj­vni b~iÕ Gi K_v e‡j‡Qb| Gi Øviv wZwb
wK eywS‡q‡Qb †m wel‡q mvnvex-ZvweqxM‡Yi hyM †_‡K gydvm&wmiMY gZ‡f` K‡i‡Qb| Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻩﹺﺭﹶﻜ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻩﹺﺭﻭﹸﻨ �ﻡ�ﺘ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻫﺍ�ﻭﹾﻓَﺄﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺭﻭﹸﻨ ﺍﻭُﺌ�ﻔﹾﻁـ�ﻴِﻟ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩﻴﹺﺭ�ﻴ
ÒZviv ÔAvj­vni b~iÕ dzrKv‡i wbwf‡q w`‡Z Pvq; wKš‘ Avj­vn ÔZuvi b~iÕ c~Y© Ki‡eb, hw`I Kvwdiiv Zv AcQ›`
K‡i|Ó 307
GLv‡b ÔAvj­vni b~iÕ ej‡Z wK eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q †m wel‡q gydvm&wmiM‡Yi wewfbœ gZ i‡q‡Q| Avj­vgv KziZzex e‡jb:
GLv‡b ÔAvj­vni b~‡iiÕ e¨vL¨vq 5wU gZ i‡q‡Q: (1) Avj­vni b~i A_© Avj-KziAvb, Kvwdiiv K_vi Øviv Zv evwZj Ki‡Z
I wg_¨v cÖgvY Ki‡Z Pvq| Beby AveŸvm I Beby hvB` G e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| (2) Avj­vni b~i A_© Bmjvg, Kvwdiiv
K_vevZ©vi gva¨‡g Zv‡K cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z Pvq| myÏx G K_v e‡j‡Qb| (3) Avj­vni b~i A_© gynv¤§v` (�), Kvwdiiv AccÖPvi
I wb›`vPv‡ii gva¨‡g Zvi aŸsm Pvq| `vn&nvK G K_v e‡j‡Qb| (4) Avj­vni b~i A_© Avj­vni `jxj-cÖgvYvw`, Kvwdiiv †m¸wj
A¯^xKvi K‡i wgwU‡q w`‡Z Pvq| Beby evni G K_v e‡j‡Qb| (5) Avj­vni b~i A_© m~h©| A_©vr dzrKv‡i m~h©‡K †bfv‡bvi †Póv
89

Kivi gZ evZzj I Am¤¢e Kv‡R Zviv wjß| Beby Cmv G K_v e‡j‡Qb| 308
Abyiƒcfv‡e Ab¨vb¨ wewfbœ Avqv‡Z Ôb~iÕ ev ÔAvj­vni b~iÕ ejv n‡q‡Q Ges †mLv‡b b~i A_© ÔKziAvbÕ, ÔBmjvgÕ
Ôgynv¤§v` (�)Õ BZ¨vw` A_© MÖnY K‡i‡Qb gydvm&wmiMY 309 | Giƒc GK Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺀﺎـ�ﺠ �ﺩـﹶﻗ ﹴﺭـﻴِـﺜﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻋ ﻭﹸﻔ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ
ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻔﹾﺨﹸﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺜﹶﻜ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒـ�ﻴ ﺎﹶﻨﹸﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘـ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ َل�ﻫَﺃﺎ�ﻴ
�ﻥـﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ�ﻭ �ﺭﻭﹸﻨ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Ò†n wKZvexMY, Avgvi ivm~j †Zvgv‡`i wbKU G‡m‡Qb, †Zvgiv wKZv‡ei hv †Mvcb Ki‡Z wZwb Zvi A‡bK †Zvgv‡`i
wbKU cÖKvk K‡ib Ges A‡bK D‡cv K‡i _v‡Kb| Avj­vni wbKU n‡Z GK b~i I ¯úó wKZve †Zvgv‡`i wbKU
G‡m‡Q|Ó 310
GB Avqv‡Z Ôb~iÕ ev †R¨vwZ ej‡Z wK eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q †m wel‡q gydvm&wmiMY gZ‡f` K‡i‡Qb| †KD e‡j‡Qb, GLv‡b b~i
A_© KziAvb, †KD e‡j‡Qb, Bmjvg, †KD e‡j‡Qb, gynv¤§v` (�)| 311
GB wZb e¨vL¨vi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv ˆecixZ¨ †bB| hviv Ôb~iÕ A_© Bmjvg e‡j‡Qb, Zuviv †`‡L‡Qb †h, GB Avqv‡Z cÖ_‡g
ivm~jyj­vn (�) Gi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q Ges †k‡l wKZve ev KziAv‡bi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| Kv‡RB gv‡S b~i ej‡Z Bmjvg‡K
eySv‡bvB ¯^vfvweK| G Qvov KziAvb Kvix‡g A‡bK ¯’v‡b Ôb~iÕ ej‡Z Bmjvg‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| 312
hviv GLv‡b b~i A_© KziAvb eywS‡q‡Qb, Zuviv †`‡L‡Qb †h, GB Avqv‡Zi cÖ_‡g †h‡nZz ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi K_v ejv
n‡q‡Q, †m‡nZz †k‡l Ôb~iÕ I Ô¯úó wKZveÕ ej‡Z ÔKziAvb Kvixg‡KÕ eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Avi KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Gfv‡e
KziAvb Kvixg‡K Ôb~iÕ ejv n‡q‡Q Ges Ô¯úó wKZveÕ ejv n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b `ywU we‡klY GKwÎZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| 313
hviv GLv‡b Ôb~iÕ A_© Ôgynv¤§v` (�) eywS‡q‡Qb, Zuviv †`‡L‡Qb †h, Ô¯úó wKZveÕ ej‡Z KziAvb‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
Kv‡RB Ôb~iÕ ej‡Z gynv¤§v` (�)- †K eySv‡bvB ¯^vfvweK| G wel‡q Bgvg Zvevix e‡jb,
ﻕﺤﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒﻴ ﻪﺒ ﺭﺎﻨﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﻤﻟ ﺭﻭﻨ ﻭﻬﻓ ﻙﺭﺸﻟﺍ ﻪﺒ ﻕﺤﻤﻭ ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻪﺒ ﺭﻬﻅﺃﻭ ﻕﺤﻟﺍ ﻪﺒ ﷲﺍ ﺭﺎﻨﺃ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﺍﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺭﻭﻨﻟﺎﺒ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ
90
. ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﻔﺨﻴ ﺍﻭﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺩﻭﻬﻴﻠﻟ ﻪﻨﻴﻴﺒﺘ ﻕﺤﻟﺍ ﻪﺘﺭﺎﻨﺇ ﻥﻤﻭ
Òb~i (Av‡jv) ej‡Z GLv‡b Ôgynv¤§v` (�)-‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q, huvi Øviv Avj­vn n° ev mZ¨‡K Av‡jvwKZ K‡i‡Qb,
Bmjvg‡K weRqx K‡i‡Qb Ges wki&K‡K wgwU‡q w`‡q‡Qb| Kv‡RB †h e¨w³ Zuvi Øviv Av‡jvwKZ n‡Z Pvq Zvi Rb¨ wZwb Av‡jv|
wZwb n° ev mZ¨ cÖKvk K‡ib| Zuvi n°‡K Av‡jvwKZ Kivi GKwU w`K n‡jv †h, Bn~`xiv Avj­vni wKZv‡ei †h mKj welq †Mvcb
KiZ Zvi A‡bK wKQz wZwb cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb|Ó 314
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv †`L‡Z †cjvg †h, KziAvb Kvix‡g m‡Z¨i w`kvix, †n`vqv‡Zi Av‡jv I mwVK c‡_i
wb‡`©kK wn‡m‡e KziAvb Kvixg‡K Ôb~iÕ ejv n‡q‡Q| Abyiƒcfv‡e †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avqv‡Z Ôb~iÕ k‡ãi e¨vL¨vq †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv
gydvm&wmi ivm~jyj­vn (�)-†K ev Bmjvg‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q e‡j gZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb|
KziAvb Kvix‡gi G mKj eY©bv †_‡K eySv hvq bv †h, gynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyj­vn (�), KziAvb ev Bmjvg b~‡ii ˆZix ev
b~i †_‡K m„ó| Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, GLv‡b †Kv‡bv m„ó, Ro ev g~Z© b~i ev Av‡jv eySv‡bv nq wb| ivm~jyj­vn �, Bmjvg I
KziAvb †Kv‡bv RvMwZK, ÔRoÕ, Bw›`ªqMvn¨ ev g~Z© ÔAv‡jvÕ bq| G n‡jv weg~Z©, AvwZ¥K, Av`wk©K I m‡Z¨i Av‡jvKewZ©Kv, hv
gvby‡li ü`q‡K weåvwš— I Awek¦v‡mi AÜKvi †_‡K wek¦vm, mZ¨ I myc‡_i Av‡jvq †R¨vwZg©q K‡i|
wKš‘ 7g-8g wnRix kZK †_‡K †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwjg `vwe Ki‡Z _v‡Kb †h, ivm~jyj­vn � cÖK…Zc‡ gvbyl bb ev
gvwUi gvbyl bb; ies cÖK…Zc‡ wZwb b~i Ges b~‡iiB ˆZwi| Gici †KD †KD Av‡iKUz GwM‡q e‡jb, hw` †KD Zuvi b~i
†_‡K ˆZwi nIqvi welqwU A¯^xKvi K‡i ev Zv‡K gvbyl e‡j ev gvwUi gvbyl e‡j Z‡e †m Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ n‡e| Zuviv
Dc‡ii Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gydvm&wm‡ii e³e¨‡K Zv‡`i `vwei c‡ `wjj wn‡m‡e †ck K‡ib| GQvov Av‡iv `y
cÖKv‡ii `wjj Zviv †ck K‡ib:
(1) b~i-gynv¤§v`x (�) welqK Ônv`xmÕ bv‡g cÖPvwiZ wKQ K_v
ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K Avj­vn Ôb~iÕ †_‡K ev ÔAvj­vni b~iÕ †_‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb A‡_© cÖPvwiZ wKQz mb`-wenxb wfwËnxb ev
Rvj ev‡bvqvU K_v nv`xm bv‡g cÖPvi Kiv nq| †hgb ejv nq †h, Rvwei (iv) Gi m~‡Î ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb:
.... �ﻩﹺﺭ�ﻭـﹸﻨ �ﻥـ�ﻤ ﻙـ�ﻴﹺﺒﹶﻨ �ﺭ�ﻭـﹸﻨ ُﷲﺍ ﹶﻕـﹶﻠـﹶﺨ ﺎ�ﻤ ُل�ﻭﺃ
Òme©cÖ_g Avj­vn †Zvgvi bexi b~i‡K Zuvi b~i †_‡K m„wó K‡ib|Ó
�

Gici GB j¤^v nv`x‡m D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, GB b~i‡K wewfbœ fv‡M fvM K‡i Zv †_‡K Avik, Kzimx, jvIn, Kjg,
wdwikZv, wRb, Bbmvb Ges mgMÖ wek¦‡K m„wó Kiv nq|....
nv`xm bv‡g Kw_Z G K_v¸wj †Kv‡bv GKwU nv`x‡mi MÖ‡š’I mb`-mn cvIqv hvq bv| cÖwm× QqwU nv`xmMÖš’, ev Ab¨
†Kv‡bv cÖwm× nv`xm MÖš’ †Zv `~‡ii K_v cieZ©x hyM¸wj‡Z msKwjZ `ye©j I Awbf©i‡hvM¨ nv`x‡mi msKjb-MÖš’¸wj‡ZI Gi
†Kv‡bv D‡j­L †bB| mßg wnRix kZK ch©š— †Kv‡bv nv`xm ev mxiv‡Zi MÖ‡š’ Gi mvgvb¨Zg D‡j­L cvIqv hvq bv| Ònv`x‡mi
bv‡g RvwjqvwZÓ MÖ‡š’ Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, `kg-GKv`k wnRix kZ‡Ki †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwjg D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, nv`xmwU
Avãyi ivh&hvK mvbÔAvbx Zvi gymvbœvd MÖ‡š’ D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb Ges †KD †KD e‡j‡Qb †h, evBnvKx Zv D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ G
`y Avwj‡gi †Kv‡bv MÖ‡š’i †Kv_vI G nv`xmwUi †Kv‡bviƒc D‡j­L cvIqv hvq bv| `kg wnRix kZ‡Ki Ab¨Zg gynvwÏm Bgvg
myq~Zx ¯úóZB D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, nv`xmwUi AcÖgvwYZ I Awbf©i‡hvM¨| 315
AvaywbK hy‡Mi Ab¨Zg cÖwm× Aviexq m~dx M‡elK gynvwÏm Avj­vgv Avãyj­vn Beby wmÏxK Avj-¸gvix myq~Zxi G K_vi
cÖwZev` K‡i e‡j‡Qb †h, myq~Zx G nv`xmwU‡K ÔAwbf©i‡hvM¨Õ e‡j Gi Ae¯’v mwVKfv‡e Rvbv‡Z cv‡ib wb, eis Zuvi ejv
`iKvi wQj †h, Ônv`xmwU m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e RvjÕ| wZwb e‡jb: ÒBgvg myq~Zxi G K_vwU AvcwËKi Ae‡njv| eis nv`xmwU
my¯úóZB Rvj ev ev‡bvqvU| Gi fvlv I A_© AvcwËKi| nv`xmwU Avãyi ivh&hvK DׄZ K‡i‡Qb e‡j myq~Zx D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb|
A_P Avãyi ivh&hvK mvbÔAvbx iwPZ ÔAvj-gymvb&bvdÕ, ÔZvdmxiÕ Ges ÔAvj-RvwgÕ †Kv‡bv MÖ‡š’B nv`xmwUi Aw¯—Z¡ †bB| Gi
†P‡qI AevK welq g‡iv‡°vi kvbKxZ GjvKvi †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwjg Avãyi ivh&hv‡Ki bv‡g Avãyi ivh&hvK †_‡K Rvwei ch©š—
Gi GKwU mb`I evwb‡q‡Qb| Avvj­vn Rv‡bb †h, G meB wfwËnxb K_v| Rvwei (iv) KL‡bvB G nv`xm eY©bv K‡ib wb Ges
Avãyi ivh&hvKI G nv`xmwU KL‡bv ï‡bb wb| cÖ_g †h e¨w³ nv`xmwU cÖPvi K‡ib wZwb n‡jb Beby Avivex nvwZgx (638
wn)| ... Avwg Rvwb bv wZwb †Kv_v †_‡K nv`xmwU MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| Aek¨B †Kv‡bv m~dx `i‡ek nv`xmwU evwb‡q‡Q|Ó 316
G Ônv`xmÕ Ges Ôb~i gynv¤§v`xÕ welqK Ab¨vb¨ Ônv`xmÕ-Gi mb‡`i Ae¯’v Avwg Ônv`x‡mi bv‡g RvwjqvwZÕ MÖ‡š’ we¯—
vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| †h †Kv‡bv we‡eKevb Avwjg ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡eb †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K b~i Øviv ˆZwi welqK
GKwU nv`xmI †Kv‡bv mnxn ev nvmvb mb` †Zv `~‡ii K_v Avv‡jvPbv Kivi gZ hqxd mb‡`I ewY©Z nq wb| nv`x‡mi †Kv‡bv
cÖwm× MÖ‡š’ G wel‡q †Kv‡bv nv`xm cvIqv hvq bv| G wel‡q hv wKQz ewY©Z meB nq mb`wenxb cÖPwjZ K_v A_ev
gynvwÏmM‡bi HKg‡Z¨ Rvj I ev‡bvqvU K_v|
(2) G wel‡q MZ K‡qK kZvãxi †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwj‡gi gZ
G wel‡q nv`xm bv‡g Kw_Z K_v¸wj Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g 5/6 kZK ch©š— †Kv‡bv nv`xm MÖ‡š’ msKwjZ nq wb| MZ K‡qK
kZvãx hver nv`xm e‡j Kw_Z e³e¨¸wj cÖPvwiZ nIqvi c‡i A‡bK Avwjg G¸wji mb` m¤ú‡K© †LuvRvLywR bv K‡i mvaviYfv‡e
G¸wji wKQz e¨vL¨v w`‡q‡Qb| G mKj e¨vL¨v ev gZvgZ‡K G g‡Zi ¯^c‡ Ô`wjjÕ wn‡m‡e †ck Kiv nq|
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv Lye mn‡RB eyS‡Z cviwQ †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi b~i †_‡K m„ó nIqvi wel‡q G weZK©wU
G‡Kev‡iB K…wÎgfv‡e Bmjvgx AvKx`vi Aš—f©y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| mvnvex-ZvweqxMY I Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g Aa©-mnmª ermi hver
welqwU AvKx`vi Aš—f©~³ nIqv †Zv `~‡ii K_v gymwjg D¤§vni mvaviY Av‡jvPbvi welqI wQj bv| GLv‡b wb‡gœi welq¸wj
jYxq:
(1) Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ivm~jyj­vn � -†K Avj­vni ÔÔAve&`ÕÕ ev ev›`v wnmv‡e wek¦vm Kiv Ges mv¨ †`Iqv wimvjv‡Zi
Cgv‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask Ges ÔAvj­vni ev›`vÕ ej‡Z gvbyl‡K eySv‡bv nq| ZvB GB wek¦v‡mi mij A_© GB †h, wZwb
gvbyl‡`iB GKRb| wZwb gvbeZvi c~Y©Zvi wkL‡i D‡VwQ‡jb, wZwb wQ‡jb me©Kv‡ji me©‡kªô gvbyl, Z‡e wZwb gvbeZvi
E‡aŸ© D‡Vb wb|
(2) KziAvb Kvixg I nv`xm kix‡d Zuvi Avew`q¨vZ (`vmZ¡) I evkvwiq¨vZ (gvbeZ¡)-Gi K_v evisevi my¯úóiƒ‡c Ges
ب_©nxbfv‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gi wecix‡Z KziAvb Kvix‡g ev nv`xm kix‡d GK ¯’v‡bI ejv nq wb †h, Avcwb ejby ÔAvwg
b~iÕ| †Kv_vI ejv nq wb †h, Ôgynv¤§v` b~iÕ| ïay KziAv‡bi GKwU Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gydvm&wmi e‡j‡Qb †h, †Zvgv‡`i
Kv‡Q Ôb~iÕ G‡m‡Q ej‡Z ivm~jyj­vn (�)-‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| GB e¨vL¨vI ivm~jyj­vn (�) ev †Kv‡bv mvnvex †_‡K cÖgvwYZ bq,
eis cieZ©x †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gydvm&wmi GK_v e‡j‡Qb|
(3) KziAvb-nv`x‡mi wb‡`©kbv‡K wb‡Ri cQ›` AcQ‡›`i E‡aŸ© me©vš—Ki‡Y MÖnY Kivi bvgB Bmjvg| myc_cÖvß gymwj‡gi
`vwqZ¡ n‡jv, Inxi gva¨‡g hv Rvbv hv‡e Zv me©vš—Ki‡Y cwic~Y©fv‡e MÖnY Kiv Ges wb‡Ri cQ›` I gZvgZ‡K Inxi AbyMZ Kiv|
cvš—‡i weåvš—‡`i wPý n‡jv, wb‡Ri cQ›`-AcQ›` Abymv‡i Inx‡K MÖnY Kiv ev ev` †`Iqv| Ave&w`q¨v‡iZ I evkvwiq¨v‡Zi
IRynv‡Z gywRhv I A‡jŠwKK ˆewkó¨ A¯^xKvi Kiv ev Zv‡K iƒcK e‡j e¨vL¨v Kiv wbtm‡›`‡n weåvwš—| Abyiƒcfv‡e A‡jŠwKK
ˆewkó¨ welqK AvqvZ-nv`xm ev G welhK ev‡bvqvU K_v ev Avwjg‡`i gZvg‡Zi wfwˇZ Avew`q¨vZ ev evkvwiq¨vZ A¯^xKvi Kiv
ev Zv‡K iƒcK e‡j e¨vL¨v Kiv ev KziAvb-nv`x‡m †h K_v my¯úófv‡e D‡j­L Kiv nq wb †m K_v‡K wek¦v‡mi Ask evbv‡bvI
Abyiƒc weåvwš—|
(4) GLb Avgiv hw` KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Kv‡Q AvZ¥mgc©Y Ki‡Z PvB Z‡e Avgv‡`i KiYxq Kx Zv cvVK Lye mn‡RB
91

eyS‡Z cvi‡Qb| Avgiv KziAvb I nv`x‡mi my¯úó ب_©nxb wb‡`©k‡K ب_©nxbfv‡eB MÖnY Kie| Avi gydvm&wmi‡`i K_v‡K
Zvi ¯’v‡bB ivLe|
Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi: KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wb‡`©k Abymv‡i wbtm‡›`‡n ivm~jyj­vn (�) gvbyl| D³ Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq b~i
ej‡Z Avgiv ÔKyiAvbÕ-‡K eySv‡ev| KviY KziAv‡b ¯úóZ ÔKziAvbÕ†K b~i ejv n‡q‡Q, wKš‘ KziAvb-nv`x‡mi †Kv_vI
ivm~jyj­vn (�)-‡K ¯úóZ b~i ejv nq wb; Kv‡RB Zuvi wel‡q GK_v ejv †_‡K weiZ _vKvB †kªq|
A_ev Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi: KziAvb-nv`x‡mi wb‡`©k Abymv‡i wbtm‡›`‡n ivm~jyj­vn (�) gvbyl| Z‡e D³ Avqv‡Zi
e¨vL¨vq gvbe RvwZi c_ cÖ`k©‡bi Av‡jvK-ewZ©Kv wn‡m‡e Zuv‡K b~i ejv †h‡Z cv‡i ev ejv †h‡Z cv‡i †h, Zuvi g‡a¨
byeyIqv‡Zi b~i we`¨gvb wQj|
(5) wKš‘ hw` †KD e‡jb †h, wZwb ÔnvKxK‡ZÕ ev cÖK…Z A‡_© b~i wQ‡jb, gvbyl wQ‡jb bv, ïay gvRvhx ev iƒcK A‡_©B
Zuv‡K gvbyl ejv †h‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, wZwb wb‡Ri gb-gwR© Abymv‡i KziAvb I nv`x‡mi my¯úó ب_©nxb
wb‡`©kbv evwZj K‡i Ggb GKwU gZ MÖnY Ki‡jb, hvi c‡ KziAvb I nv`x‡mi GKwUI ب_©nxb evYx †bB|
(6) Ôivm~jyj­vn (�)-b~‡ii ˆZwiÕ e‡j wek¦vm Kiv‡K Cgv‡bi Ask evbv‡bv, A_ev G K_v A¯^xKvi Kiv‡K Kzdix e‡j MY¨
Kiv wbtm‡›`‡n c~e©eZx weåvš— m¤cÖ`v‡qi c×wZ AbymiY Kiv| †h K_v KziAv‡b my¯úóZ ejv nq wb, †h K_v ¯úófv‡e †Kv‡bv
gyZvIqvwZi nv`xm †Zv `~‡ii K_v †Kv‡bv mnxn nv`x‡mI ejv nq wb, †m K_v‡K wewfbœ e¨vL¨v I hyw³i wfwˇZ wek¦v‡mi Aš—f©y³
Kiv Ges Zvi wfwˇZ mKj my¯úó KziAvb I nv`x‡mi e³e¨ e¨vL¨v K‡i evwZj Kiv Ges Kzdix dvZIqv †`Iqv weåvš—
m¤cÖ`vq‡`i Ab¨Zg ˆewkó¨ e‡j Avgiv †`Le, Bbkv Avj­vn|
(7) e¯‘Z b~‡ii ˆZwi nIqvi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv AwZwi³ gh©v`v Av‡Q e‡j g‡b KivB Bmjvgx g~j¨‡ev‡ai mv‡_ mvsNwl©K|
m„wói gh©v`v Zvi m„wói Dcv`v‡b bq, eis Avj­vn KZ©„K wba©vwiZ gh©v`vq Ges Zvi wb‡Ri K‡g©| GRb¨B gymwjg D¤§vni
AwaKvsk Avwjg b~‡ii ˆZwi wdwikZvi †P‡q gvwUi ˆZwi gvbyl‡K AwaK gh©v`vkvjx e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb|
Gfv‡e KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wkv Abymv‡i cÖwZwU gymwjg wek¦vm K‡ib †h, ivm~jyj­vn � gvbyl wQ‡jb| wZwb me©‡kªô
gvbyl| Z‡e m„wói Dcv`v‡b, gvbexq cÖK…wZ‡Z wZwb Ab¨ mevi gZB gvbyl| Zvi g~j ˆewkó¨ Zuvi gnvb K‡g© I Zuvi g‡nvËg
Pwi‡Î| Dcv`v‡b, m„wóvZ cÖK…wZ‡Z Ab¨ mevi gZ n‡qI †h wZwb mKj gvbexq `ye©jZv Rq K‡iwQ‡jb, Avj­vni cÖwZ wek¦vm,
fw³, fvjevmvq I Bev`‡Z AwePj, Abb¨ I AmvaviY wQ‡jb, ZvB wQj Zuvi ˆewkó¨| Avj­vn Zuv‡K beyIqv‡Zi gnvb `vwqZ¡
QvovI A‡bK A‡jŠwKK ev ˆewkó¨ `vb K‡i‡Qb| cweÎ KziAv‡b ev mnxn nv`x‡m Zuvi †h mKj AwZgvbexq ev A‡jŠwKK
ˆewkó¨ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Zv gymwjgMY wek¦vm K‡ib| Gi evB‡i †Kv‡bv AwZgvbexq ¸Yvejx Zviv Zuvi cÖwZ Av‡ivc K‡ib bv|
Zviv wek¦vm K‡ib †h, KziAvb I nv`x‡m †h K_v hZUzKz ejv n‡q‡Q †m K_v ZZUzKz ej‡jB ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi m‡e©v”P gh©v`v
cÖgvY Kiv nq| gvbexq hyw³ ev e¨vL¨v w`‡q AwZwi³ †Kv‡bv K_v ejvi †Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRb †bB|
3. 2. 12. 2. Zuvi Bjg welqK weZK©
Dc‡ii wel‡qi mv‡_ mswk­ó Av‡iKwU welq ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi MvBex Ávb m¤úwK©Z weZK©| KziAvb I nv`x‡m evisevi
D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, gnvb Avj­vnB GKgvÎ A`„k¨ ev MvBex Bj‡gi AwaKvix ev ÔAvwjgyj MvBeÕ| wZwb Qvov †KD MvBex
Bj‡gi AwaKvix bq| ivm~jyj­vn � m¤ú‡K©I evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, wZwb Bjgyj MvBe Rvb‡Zb bv| †KejgvÎ †h
Ávb Inxi gva¨‡g Zuvi wbKU AvmZ wZwb ZvB AbymiY Ki‡Zb I cÖPvi Ki‡Zb| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ ْلﹸﻗ
Òej, Avj­vn e¨ZxZ AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_ex‡Z †KDB MvBe wel‡qi Ávb iv‡L bv|Ó 317
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻭ�ﻫ ﻻِﺇ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ ﹺﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ �ﺢ�ﺘﺎﹶﻔ�ﻤ �ﻩ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ�ﻭ
ÒA`„‡k¨i KzwÄ ZuviB wbKU i‡q‡Q, wZwb e¨ZxZ †KD Zv Rv‡b bv|Ó 318
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﻊ�ﻤ�ﺴَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﺭ�ﺼ�ﺒَﺃ ﹺﺽ�ﺭ ﻷﺍ�ﻭ
�ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﻪﹶﻟ
ÒAvKvkgÊjx I c„w_exi MvBe ZuviB| wZwb KZ my›`i `ªóv I †kªvZv!Ó 319
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
92
�ﻪﱡﻠﹸﻜ �ﺭ�ﻤ ﻷﺍ
�ﻊ�ﺠ�ﺭ�ﻴ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﺭ ﻷﺍ�ﻭ
�ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ�ﻭ
ÒAvKvkgÊjx I c„w_exi A`„k¨ wel‡qi Ávb Avj­vniB Rb¨ Ges ZuviB wbKU me wKQz cÖZ¨vbxZ n‡e|Ó 320
�ﻱَﺄﹺﺒ
�ﺱﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺩﹶﻏ
�ﺏ�ﺴﹾﻜﹶﺘ ﺍﹶﺫﺎ�ﻤ �ﺱﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹺﻡﺎ�ﺤ�ﺭ ﻷﺍ
ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﹶﺙ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ ُل�ﺯﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻡﹾﻠ�ﻋ �ﻩ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﺇ

93
�ﺭﻴﹺﺒﹶﺨ �ﻡﻴ�ﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ ﹸﺕﻭ�ﻤﹶﺘ ﹴﺽ�ﺭَﺃ
ÒwKqvg‡Zi Ávb †Kej Avj­vni wbKU i‡q‡Q, wZwb e„wyó el©Y K‡ib Ges wZwb Rv‡bb hv Rivqy‡Z Av‡Q| †Kv‡bv
cÖvYxB Rv‡b bv AvMvgxKvj †m wK AR©b Ki‡e Ges †Kv‡bv cÖvYxB Rv‡b bv †Kvb& ¯’v‡b Zvi g„Zz¨ NU‡e| Avj­vn me©Á,
me©wel‡q AewnZ|Ó 321
Gfv‡e KziAvb Kvix‡g eû ¯’v‡b gnvb Avj­vn evisevi †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb †h MvB‡ei welq I fwel¨‡Zi welq gnvb
Avj­vn Qvov †KD Rv‡b bv, †Kv‡bv cÖvYxB bq| G welqK wKQz AvqvZ Avgiv AvwLiv‡Z wek¦vm m¤úwK©Z Aby‡”Q‡` D‡j­L
Kie, Bbkv Avj­vn|
KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, Avj­vn Inxi gva¨‡g hZUzKz Rvwb‡q‡Qb Gi AwZwi³ †Kv‡bv MvBex
Ávb bexM‡Yi wQj bv| Beivnxg (Av)-Gi wbKU wdwikZvMY G‡m‡Qb wZwb wPb‡Z cv‡ib wb| Abyiƒcfv‡e j~Z, `vE`,
myjvBgvb, g~mv, BqvK‚e, Cmv (Av) mK‡ji †‡ÎB welqwU wewfbœfv‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| mKj bex-ivm~jM‡Yi wel‡q
GK‡Î KziAvb Kvix‡g ejv n‡q‡Q:
ﹺﺏﻭ�ﻴﹸﻐﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﻼ�ﻋ
ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻙﱠﻨِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻟ �ﻡﹾﻠ�ﻋ ﻻ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﺒﹺﺠُﺃ ﺍﹶﺫﺎ�ﻤ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴﹶﻓ َل�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻊ�ﻤ�ﺠ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ
Ò‡h w`b (wKqvg‡Zi w`b) Avj­vn ivm~j‡`i‡K GKÎ Ki‡eb Ges ej‡eb, †Zvgviv Kx DËi †c‡qwQ‡j? Zviv ej‡e,
Avgv‡`i †Zv †Kv‡bv Ávb †bB, ZzwgB †Zv A`„k¨ m¤§‡Ü mg¨K cwiÁvZ|Ó 322
ivm~jyj­vn � MvBe Rvb‡Zb bv e‡j KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻅﹶﺘﹾﻨ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻌ�ﻤ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ ﺍﻭ�ﺭ�ﻅﹶﺘﹾﻨﺎﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ ْلﹸﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹲﺔ�ﻴَﺁ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﻻ�ﻭﹶﻟ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﻭ
ÒZviv e‡j, Zvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU †_‡K Zvi wbKU †Kv‡bv wb`k©b AeZxY© nq bv †Kb? ej, ÔA`„‡k¨i Ávb †Zv †Kej
Avj­vniB Av‡Q| myZivs †Zvgiv cÖZxv Ki, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i mv‡_ cÖZxv KiwQ|Ó 323
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﻱﹺﻭﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ ْل�ﻫ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻲﹶﻟِﺇ ﻰ�ﺤﻭ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ �ﻊﹺﺒﱠﺘَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻙﹶﻠ�ﻤ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺃ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻋَﺃ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺌﺍ�ﺯﹶﺨ ﻱ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺃ ﻻ ْلﹸﻗ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭﱠﻜﹶﻔﹶﺘﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓَﺃ �ﺭﻴ�ﺼ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﻰ�ﻤ�ﻋَﻷﺍ
ÔÔej, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K ewj bv †h, Avgvi Kv‡Q Avj­vni fvÊvimg~n i‡q‡Q, A`„k¨ (Mv‡qe) m¤^‡ÜI Avwg AeMZ
bB, Avi Avwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K GK_vI ewj bv h, Avwg wdwikZv| Avwg †Zv ïaygvÎ Avgvi cÖwZ †h Inx †cÖiY Kiv nq ZviB
AbymiY Kwi|ÕÕ 324
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
�ﺀﻭـ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺴ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹺﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹸﺕ�ﺭﹶﺜﹾﻜﹶﺘ�ﺴﻻ �ﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻋَﺃ ﹸﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﻀ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻌﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻲ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨِﻟ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﻤ َﺃ ﻻ ْلﹸﻗ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ ﹴﻡ�ﻭﹶﻘِﻟ �ﺭﻴ�ﺸ�ﺒ�ﻭ �ﺭﻴ�ﺫﹶﻨ ﻻِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ
ÔÔej, Avj­vn hv B”Qv K‡ib Zv e¨ZxZ Avgvi wb‡Ri †Kv‡bv g½j ev Ag½j Kivi gZvI Avgvi †bB| Avwg hw`
MvBe (†Mvcb Ávb) RvbZvg Zvn‡j cÖf‚Z Kj¨vYB jvf KiZvg, Avi †Kv‡bv Ag½j Avgv‡K ¯úk© Ki‡Z cvi‡Zv bv| Avwg
†Zv †KejgvÎ fqccÖ`k©bKvix Ges mymsev``vZv wek¦vmx m¤úÖ`v‡qi Rb¨|Ó 325
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ �ﺭﻴ�ﺫﹶﻨ ﻻِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻲﹶﻟِﺇ ﻰ�ﺤﻭ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ �ﻊﹺﺒﱠﺘَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜﹺﺒ ﻻ�ﻭ ﻲﹺﺒ ُل�ﻌﹾﻔ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ِل�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻋ�ﺩﹺﺒ ﹸﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ
ﺎ�ﻤ ْلﹸﻗ
ÔÔej, Avwg †Zv cÖ_g ivm~j bB| Avi Avwg Rvwb bv, Avgvi Ges †Zvgv‡`i e¨vcv‡i Kx Kiv n‡e| Avwg Avgvi cÖwZ hv Inx †cÖiY
Kiv nq †KejgvÎ ZviB AbymiY Kwi| Avwg †Zv GKRb ¯úó mZK©Kvix gvÎ|ÕÕ 326
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn Rvj­v kvbyn~ Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻡﹸﻜﹸﺘﹾﻨﹶﺫَﺁ ْلﹸﻘﹶﻓ ﺍ�ﻭﱠﻟ�ﻭﹶﺘ �ﻥِﺈ ﹶﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ ْل�ﻬﹶﻓ �ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻬﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨَﺃ �ﻲﹶﻟِﺇ ﻰ�ﺤﻭ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹾﻠِﻟ ﹰﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ ﻻِﺇ �ﻙﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
�ﻡـﹸﻜﹶﻟ ﹲﺔﹶﻨﹾﺘ�ﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠ�ﻌﹶﻟ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹸﺘﹾﻜﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ ِل�ﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺭ�ﻬ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﻋﻭﹸﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺩﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻡَﺃ �ﺏﻴﹺﺭﹶﻗَﺃ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺀﺍ�ﻭ�ﺴ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ
ﹴﻥﻴ�ﺤ
ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻉﺎﹶﺘ�ﻤ�ﻭ

ÔÔGes Avwg †Zv †Zvgv‡K †Kej wek¦-RM‡Zi ingZ-iƒ‡cB †cÖiY K‡iwQ| ej, Avgvi cÖwZ Inx †cÖiY Kiv nq †h,
†Zvgv‡`i Dcvm¨ GKgvÎ GKRbB, AZGe †Zvgiv AvÍmgc©YKvix (gymwjg) n‡q hvI| Avi hw` Zviv (Avcbvi Wv‡K mvov
bv w`‡q) gyL wdwi‡q †bq, Zvn‡j e‡j `vI, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K h_vh_fv‡e Rvwb‡q w`‡qwQ| †Zvgv‡`i‡K †h cÖwZkª“wZ †`Iqv
n‡q‡Q Zv kxNªB Avm‡e bv †`ix K‡i Avm‡e Zv Avwg Rvwb bv| wbðq Avj­vn hv K_vq e¨³ Kiv nq Ges hv †Zvgiv †Mvcb
Ki Zv me Rv‡bb| Avi Avwg Rvwb bv, nqZ Zv †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ GKwU cixv Ges wKQy mg‡qi Rb¨ Dc‡fv‡Mi welq|ÕÕ 327
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﺤﹶﻨ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﻻ �ﻕﺎﹶﻔﱢﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﺔﹶﻨﻴ�ﺩ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ِل�ﻫَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻥﻭﹸﻘ�ﻓﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤ ﹺﺏﺍ�ﺭ�ﻋَﻷﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ�ﺤ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻤ�ﻭ
Ògi“evmx‡`i g‡a¨ hviv †Zvgv‡`i Avkcv‡k Av‡Q Zv‡`i †KD †KD gybvwdK Ges g`xbvevmx‡`i g‡a¨I †KD †KD, Zviv
KcUZvq wm×| Zzwg Zv‡`i‡K Rvb bv; Avwg Zv‡`i‡K Rvwb|Ó 328
94
ÒZzwg Rvb bv, nq‡Zv Avj­vn Gi ci †Kv‡bv Dcvq K‡i †`‡eb|Ó 329
mvnvex gvng~` Beby jvex` (iv) e‡jb,
ﺍ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﹸﺙ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﱠل�ﻌﹶﻟ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﻻ
�ﻱﹺﺭ
�ﺩـ�ﻴ
ﹶﻻ �ﻭ�ﻫ
�ﻭ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ
�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﺒ
ﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻋ
�ﻡﹸﻜ
�ﺭﹺﺒ
ﹾﺨ�ﻴ
�ﻭ �ﻲﹺﺒ
ﹶﻨ �ﻪﱠﻨ
َﺃ � �ﺩ �ﻤ�ﺤ
�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻋ
�ﺯ�ﻴ
: �ﺕﻴِْ�ﺼ
ﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﺒ
�ﺩ�ﻴ
�ﺯ َلﺎﹶﻘ
ﹶﻓ ﹾﺕﱠﻠ
�ﻀ � �ﻲﹺﺒ
ﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﹶﺔﹶﻗﺎ
ﹶﻨ �ﻥﺇ
�ﻲـ�ﻓ
�ﻲ�ﻫ
�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴ
ﹶﻠ�ﻋ
ُﷲﺍ ﻲ�ﻨﱠﻟ
�ﺩ �ﺩﹶﻗ
�ﻭ ُﷲﺍ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﻤ
ﱠﻠ�ﻋ
ﺎ�ﻤ
ﱠﻻ�ﺍ
�ﻡﹶﻠ
�ﻋَﺃ
ﹶﻻ ِﷲﺍ�ﻭ
�ﻲﱢﻨ
�ﺍ�ﻭ
،ﺍﺫﹶﻜ�ﻭ
ﺍﺫﹶﻜ
ُل�ﻭ
ﹸﻘ�ﻴ
ﹰﻼ�ﺠ
�ﺭ �ﻥِﺇ
: � �ﻲﹺﺒ
ﱠﻨﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻘ
ﹶﻓ ! �ﻪﹸﺘ
ﹶﻗﺎﹶﻨ
�ﻥ�ﻴ
َﺃ
ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ
�ﻩ�ﻭ
�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ
ﹶﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﺒ�ﻫ
ﹶﺫﹶﻓ
ﹲﺓ �ﺭ�ﺠ
ﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﺘ
�ﺴ�ﺒ
�ﺤ �ﺩﹶﻗ
ﺍﺫﹶﻜ
ﹺﺏ�ﻌ
�ﺸ
Òivm~jyj­vn �-Gi GKwU DUbx nvwi‡q hvq| ZLb hvB` Bebyj jvmxZ bvgK GKe¨w³ e‡j, gynv¤§v` (�) `vwe K‡ib
†h, wZwb bex Ges †Zvgv‡`i‡K wZwb AvKv‡ki Lei e‡jb, A_P Zuvi wb‡Ri DUwU †Kv_vq Av‡Q Zv wZwb Rv‡bb bv! ZLb
ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb: GK e¨w³ Ggb Ggb K_v e‡j‡Q| Avj­vni Kmg! Avj­vn Avgv‡K hv Rvbvb Zv Qvvov Avwg wKQzB Rvwb
bv| Avj­vn Avgv‡K DUbxwUi wel‡q Rvwb‡q w`‡q‡Qb †h, †mwU AgyK cÖvš—‡i AgyK Mv‡Qi mv‡_ AvU‡K Av‡Q| ZLb Zviv
Z_vq †h‡h DUbxwU wb‡q Av‡mb|Ó 330
G nv`xm D‡j­L K‡i Beby nvRvi AvmKvjvbx e‡jb:
ﻊـﻴﻤﺠ ﻰـﻠﻋ � ﻲﺒﻨﻟﺍ ﻉﻼﻁﺍ ﻡﺯﻠﺘﺴﺘ ﺓﻭﺒﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﺤﺼ ﻥﺃ
ﻯﺭﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻥﻅﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺦﺴﺭﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻥﻤ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻥﺎﻓ
ﷲﺍ ﻪﻤﻠﻋ ﺎﻤ ﻻﺍ ﺏﻴﻐﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻠﻌﻴ ﻻ ﻪﻨﺃ
� ﻲﺒﻨﻟﺍ ﻡﻠﻋﺎﻓ ... ﺕﺎﺒﻴﻐﻤﻟﺍ
Òhv‡`i Cgvb c~Y© nq wb Giƒc †KD †KD aviYv KiZ †h, ivm~jyj­vn � Bjgyj MvBe Rv‡bb| GgbwK Zviv g‡b KiZ
†h, byeyIqv‡Zi weï×Zv cÖgvY Kivi Rb¨ bex‡K mKj MvBe Rvb‡Z n‡e| .... G nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � Rvwb‡q w`‡jb †h,
Avj­vn hv Rvbvb Zv Qvov Avi wKQzB wZwb Rv‡bb bv|Ó 331
mvnvexM‡Yi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg cÖwm× eyRyM© mvnvex wQ‡jb Dmgvb Beby gvhEb (iv)| wZwb ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi `ya-fvB
wQ‡jb Ges Rvwnjx hy‡MI wZwb g`cvb ev gywZ©c~Rv K‡ib wb| wZwb cÖ_g AMÖeZ©x gynvwRi‡`i Ab¨Zg wQ‡jb| gwnjv mvnvex
D¤§yj Avjv Dmgvb Beby gvhE‡bi (iv) Idv‡Zi c‡ii NUbv eY©bv K‡i e‡jb:
�ﻙﻴﹺﺭ�ﺩ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﻤ�ﺭﹾﻜَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﺩﺎ�ﻬﹶﺸ ﹺﺏِﺌﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﺒَﺃ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹸﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ ﹸﺕﹾﻠﹸﻘﹶﻓ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ َلﹶﺨ�ﺩﹶﻓ
�ﻥﻴـ�ﻘ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻗ ؟ﷲﺍ �ﻪ�ﻤﹺﺭﹾﻜ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ﻲ�ﻤُﺃ�ﻭ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ ﻲﹺﺒَﺄﹺﺒ ( ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩَﺃ ﻻ)
ﹸﺕﹾﻠﹸﻗ ﹾﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪ�ﻤ�ﺭﹾﻜَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥَﺃ
�ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ ﻲﱢﻜ�ﺯُﺃ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭﹶﻓ ﹾﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻗ ﻲﹺﺒ ُل�ﻌﹾﻔ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﹶﻟ ﻭ�ﺠ�ﺭَﻷ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
ÒZLb ivm~jyj­vn � Avgv‡`i wbKU Avm‡jb| Avwg ejjvg, †n Aveym mvBe (Dmgvb Beby gvhEb) Avwg Avcbvi
wel‡q mv¨ w`w”Q †h, Avj­vn Avcbv‡K m¤§vwbZ K‡i‡Qb| ZLb ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb: Zzwg wKfv‡e Rvb‡j †h, Avj­vn Zv‡K
m¤§vwbZ K‡i‡Qb? Avwg ejjvg, Avgvi wcZvgvZv Avcbvi Rb¨ Kzievbx †nvb, Avwg †Zv Rvwb bv, Z‡e Zuv‡K hw` Avj­vn
m¤§vwbZ bv K‡ib Z‡e Avi Kv‡K Ki‡eb? ZLb ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb, ÔAvj­vni Kmg, Zvi Kv‡Q GKxb G‡m‡Q, Avvj­vni
Kmg, Avwg Zvi wel‡h fvj Avkv Kwi| Avj­vni Kmg, Avwg Avj­vni ivm~j, AvwgI Rvwb bv †h, Avgvi wel‡q wK Kiv n‡e|Õ
D¤§yj Avjv (iv) e‡jb, Avj­vni Kmg! Gici Avwg Avi KvD‡K fvj ewj bv|Ó 332
gwnjv mvnvex i“evBÕ webZz gyÔAvIwqh e‡jb:

ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ
�ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ ﺎﹶﻨﻴ�ﻓ�ﻭ : ﹺﻥﻻﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ
95
ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻓ ﹺﻥﻻﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ�ﻭ ... ﹺﻥﺎﹶﺘ�ﻴﱠﻨﹶﻐﹶﺘ�ﻴ ﹺﻥﺎﹶﺘ�ﻴﹺﺭﺎ�ﺠ ﻱ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻋ ﹶﺔ�ﺤﻴﹺﺒ�ﺼ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ َلﹶﺨ�ﺩ
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﺩﹶﻏ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ ،�ﻩﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ
ﻼﹶﻓ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﺩﹶﻏ ﻲ�ﻓ
ÒAvgvi weev‡ni w`b mKv‡j ivm~jyj­vn � Avgvi N‡i cÖ‡ek K‡ib, ZLb Avgvi Kv‡Q `ÕRb evwjKv e‡m MxZ
Mvw”Qj| Zviv Zv‡`i K_vi gv‡S gv‡S ejwQj: ÔAvgv‡`i g‡a¨ GKRb bex i‡q‡Qb whwb AvMvgxKvj (A_©vr fwel¨‡Z) wK
Av‡Q Zv Rv‡bb|Õ ZLb ivm~jyj­vn � Zv‡`i‡K e‡jb: ÔG K_v e‡jv bv, AvMvgx‡Z (fwel¨‡Z) wK Av‡Q Zv Avj­vn Qvov
†KDB Rv‡b bv|ÕÕ 333
Av‡qkv, D¤§y mvjvgv, Avmgv webZ Avex evKi, Avãyj­vn Beby gvmE`, Avbvm Beby gvwjK, Ave~ mvC` Ly`ix, mvnj
Beby mvÕ`, Avgi Bebyj Avm cÖgyL cÖvq `k Rb mvnvex (�) †_‡K A‡bK¸wj mnxn mb‡` ewY©Z ÔgyZvIqvwZiÕ ch©v‡qi
nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡j‡Qb †h, †Kqvg‡Zi w`b A‡bK gvbyl Avgvi Kv‡Q (nvD‡h cvwb cv‡bi Rb¨) Avm‡e, hv‡`i‡K
Avwg wPb‡Z cvie Ges ZvivI Avgv‡K wPb‡Z cvi‡e, wKš‘ Zv‡`i‡K Avgvi Kv‡Q Avm‡Z †`Iqv n‡e bv, evav †`Iqv n‡e|
Avwg eje : Giv †Zv AvgviB D¤§Z| ZLb Dˇi ejv n‡e:
�ﻙ�ﺩـ�ﻌـ�ﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻠـ�ﻤـ�ﻋ ﺎـ�ﻤ �ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩـﹶﺘ ﹶﻻ �ﻙـﱠﻨِﺇ
ÒAvcbvi c‡i Zviv Kx Avgj K‡i‡Q Zv Avcwb Rv‡bb bv|Ó
ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb,
�ﺏﻴ�ﻗ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ ﹶﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﻲ�ﻨﹶﺘ�ﻴﱠﻓ�ﻭﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻠﹶﻓ �ﻡﹺﻬﻴ�ﻓ ﹸﺕ�ﻤ�ﺩ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺍ�ﺩﻴﹺﻬﹶﺸ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹸﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ�ﻭ : �ﻡ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﺒﺍ ﻰ�ﺴﻴ�ﻋ �ﺢِﻟﺎ�ﺼﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺄﹶﻓ
�ﻡﻴ�ﻜ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺯﻴﹺﺯ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻙﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐﹶﺘ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺒﱢﺫ�ﻌﹸﺘ �ﻥِﺇ �ﺩﻴﹺﻬﹶﺸ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﱢلﹸﻜ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ
Ò†bKev›`v Cmv Beby gvwiqvg (Av) hv e‡jb Avwg ZLb Zv-B eje 334 : ÒhZw`b Zv‡`i g‡a¨ wQjvg ZZw`b Avwg wQjvg
Zv‡`i Kvh©Kjv‡ci kvnx`-mvx| wKš‘ hLb Avcwb Avgv‡K Zz‡j wb‡jb ZLb AvcwbB †Zv wQ‡jb Zv‡`i Kvh©Kjv‡ci ZË¡veavqK
Ges AvcwbB me©wel‡q mvx (kvnx`)|Ó 335
G mKj wb‡`©kbvi cvkvcvwk KziAvb I nv`x‡m D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, gnvb Avj­vn Zuv‡K MvBe ev A`„k¨ Áv‡bi
A‡bK wKQz wkv w`‡q‡Qb Ges Rvwb‡q‡Qb| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥـ�ﻤ ﻰ�ﻀﹶﺘ�ﺭﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻪﹺﺒ�ﻴﹶﻏ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺭﹺﻬﹾﻅ�ﻴ ﻼﹶﻓ
ﹺﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡِﻟﺎ�ﻋ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻤَﺃ ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻪﹶﻟ ُل�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻴ �ﻡَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﻋﻭﹸﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺏﻴﹺﺭﹶﻗَﺃ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ ْلﹸﻗ
�ﺀ�ﻲ ـﹶﺸ ﱠلﹸﻜ ﻰ�ﺼ�ﺤَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴ�ﺩﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ ﹶﻁﺎ�ﺤَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺕﻻﺎ�ﺴﹺﺭ ﺍﻭﹸﻐﹶﻠ�ﺒَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻗ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴِﻟ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺼ�ﺭ �ﻪ�ﻔﹾﻠﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻴ�ﺩ�ﻴ ﹺﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙﹸﻠ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ ٍلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ
ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺩ�ﻋ
ÔÔej, Avwg Rvwb bv †Zvgv‡`i‡K †h (kvw¯—i) cÖwZkª“wZ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zv wK Avmbœ, bv Avgvi cÖwZcvjK Zvi Rb¨
`xN© †gqv` w¯’i Ki‡eb| wZwb Mv‡q‡ei (A`„‡k¨i) Ávbx, wZwb Mv‡q‡ei (A`„‡k¨i) Ávb Kv‡iv Kv‡Q cÖKvk K‡ib bv, Zvi
g‡bvbxZ ivm~j e¨ZxZ, †m‡‡Î Avj­vn †mB ivm~‡ji Av‡M I wc‡Q cÖnix wb‡qvM K‡ib, †hb wZwb Rvb‡Z cv‡ib †h,
ivm~jMY Zv‡`i cÖfzi wimvjv‡Zi evYx †cuŠwQ‡q‡Qb wK bv| Zv‡`i Kv‡Q hv Av‡Q Zv Zuvi Ávb‡MvPi Ges wZwb mg¯— wKQyi
we¯—vwiZ wnmve iv‡Lb|ÕÕ 336
Gfv‡e Avgviv Rvb‡Z cviwQ †h, wimvjv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Rb¨ Avj­vn Zuvi g‡bvwbZ ivm~j‡`i‡K Mv‡q‡ei Ávb
cÖKvk K‡ib| mv‡_ mv‡_ Avgiv Rvb‡Z cviwQ †h, mvwe©K Mv‡qe ev fwel¨‡Zi K_v wZwb ivm~j‡`i‡KI Rvbvb bv|
Kv‡di‡`i‡K †h kvwš—i Iqv`v Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv wK kxNªB Avm‡e bv †`ix K‡i Avm‡e Zv wZwb Rv‡bb bv|
Avmgv webZz Avex evK&i (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � m~h©MÖn‡Yi mgq mvjvZ Av`v‡qi c‡i e‡jb:
�ﺭﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹸﺔﱠﻨ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ ﻲ�ﻤﺎﹶﻘ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻪﹸﺘ�ﻴَﺃ�ﺭ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹸﺘﻴﹺﺭُﺃ �ﻥﹸﻜَﺃ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ
Òhv wKQz Avgv‡K B‡Zvc~‡e© †`Lv‡bv n‡qwQj bv Zv meB Avwg Avgvi GB Ae¯’v‡b †_‡K †`‡LwQ, GgbwK RvbœvZ I
RvnvbœvgI|Ó 337
Avãyj­vn Beby AveŸvm (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb,
�ﻡـ�ﺼﹶﺘﹾﺨ�ﻴ �ﻡﻴ�ﻓ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩﹶﺘ ْل�ﻫ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻴ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹺﻡﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﺤَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﺓ�ﺭﻭ�ﺼ ﹺﻥ�ﺴ�ﺤَﺃ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻰﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹶﺘ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﺭﺎ�ﺒﹶﺘ ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﹶﺔﹶﻠ�ﻴﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻨﺎﹶﺘَﺃ
ﻲـ�ﻓ ﺎـ�ﻤ ﹸﺕـ�ﻤ�ﻠ�ﻌﹶﻓ ﻱﹺﺭـ�ﺤﹶﻨ ﻲ�ﻓ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻲ�ﻴ�ﺩﹶﺜ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﺭ�ﺒ ﹸﺕ�ﺩ�ﺠ�ﻭ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻲﹶﻔ�ﺘﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻊ�ﻀ�ﻭﹶﻓ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﻻ ﹸﺕﹾﻠﹸﻗ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋَﻷﺍ
ُﻸ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ
�ﺕﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤـ�ﺴﻟﺍ
ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻲِﻟ ﻰﱠﻠ�ﺠ ﹶﺘ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ : ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﹺﺏﹺﺭﹾﻐ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ
�ﻕﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹸﺕ�ﻤ�ﻠ�ﻌﹶﻓ : ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ
ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ

�ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻴ َلﺎﹶﻗ .( �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻗﻭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﺭ ﻷﺍ�ﻭ
�ﺕﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹶﺕﻭﹸﻜﹶﻠ�ﻤ �ﻡﻴ�ﻫﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒِﺇ ﻱﹺﺭﹸﻨ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻜ�ﻭ ) : ﹶﺔ�ﻴﻵﺍ �ﻩ�ﺫ�ﻫ ﻼﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻲﹾﺸ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﹶﻠ�ﺼﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﺩﹺﺠﺎ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹸﺙﹾﻜ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﺕﺍ�ﺭﺎﱠﻔﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﺭﺎﱠﻔﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡ�ﻌﹶﻨ ﹸﺕﹾﻠﹸﻗ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋَﻷﺍ ُﻸ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﺼﹶﺘﹾﺨ�ﻴ �ﻡﻴ�ﻓ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩﹶﺘ ْل�ﻫ
ﹺﻡ�ﻭـ�ﻴﹶﻜ �ﻪـ�ﺘَﺌﻴ�ﻁﹶﺨ
�ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ ﹴﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨﹺﺒ ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹴﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨﹺﺒ ﹶﺵﺎ�ﻋ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ َل�ﻌﹶﻓ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻩﹺﺭﺎﹶﻜ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺀﻭ�ﻀ�ﻭﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﻍﺎ�ﺒ�ﺴِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺕﺎ�ﻋﺎ�ﻤ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﹺﻡﺍ�ﺩﹾﻗَﻷﺍ
... . �ﻪ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻪﹾﺘ�ﺩﹶﻟ�ﻭ
ÒAvR iv‡Z Avgvi gwngvgq cÖwZcvjK m‡e©vËg AvK…wZ‡Z Avgvi wbKU AvMgb K‡ib, wZwb e‡jb, Avgvi g‡b nq wZwb
e‡jb: ¯^‡cœi g‡a¨| ZLb wZwb e‡jb: †n gynv¤§v`, Zzwg wK Rvb m‡e©v”P cwil` †Kvb& wel‡q weZK© Ki‡Q? Avwg ejjvg: bv|
ZLb wZwb Zuvi nvZ Avgvi `yB Kuv‡ai g‡a¨ ivL‡jb, GgbwK Avwg Zvi kxZjZv Avgvi e‡i g‡a¨ Abyfe Kijvg| ZLb Avwg
AvKvkgÊjxi g‡a¨ hv Av‡Q Ges hwg‡bi g‡a¨ hv Av‡Q Zv Rvbjvg| Ab¨ eY©bvq: c~e© I cwð‡gi g‡a¨ hv Av‡Q Zv Avwg
Rvbjvg| Z…Zxq eY©bvq: ZLb AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_ex‡Z hv Av‡Q Zv Avgvi Kv‡Q D¢vwmZ n‡jv| ZLb wZwb G AvqvZwU cvV
K‡ib: ÒGfv‡e Avwg Beivnxg‡K AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_exi ivRZ¡ ev cwiPvjb-e¨e¯’v †`LvB, Avi hv‡Z †m wbwðZ wek¦vmx‡`i Aš—
f©y³ nq|Ó 338 ZLb wZwb e‡jb, †n gynv¤§v`, Zzwg wK Rvb m‡e©v”P cwil` †Kvb& wel‡q weZK© Ki‡Q? Avwg ejjvg: nü v| wZwb
e‡jb, Zviv Kvd&dviv ev cv‡ci wZc~iY m¤ú‡K© weZK© Ki‡Qb| Avi Kvd&dviv n‡jv mvjvZ Av`v‡qi c‡i gmwR‡` Ae¯’vb Kiv,
cv‡q †n‡U Rvgv‡Z mvjvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Mgb Kiv Ges Amyweav m‡Ë¡I cwic~Y©iƒ‡c Ih~ Kiv| †h e¨w³ G¸wj Ki‡e †m Kj¨v‡Yi
mv‡_ Rxeb hvcb Ki‡e, Kj¨v‡Yi mv‡_B g„Zz¨eiY Ki‡e Ges Zvi gvZ…Mf© †_‡K R‡b¥i mgq Zvi cvc †hiƒc wQj Z`ªƒc n‡q
hv‡e|Ó 339
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi ivm~j (�)-‡K Avmgvb-hwg‡bi I c~e©-cwð‡gi A`„k¨ welqvw` Rvwb‡q‡Qb
Ges †`wL‡q‡Qb| G †`Lv‡bvi A_© ¯^fveZB mKj MvBex Bjg cÖ`vb Kiv bq| ivm~jyj­vn � GLv‡b Zv ¯úóZB eywS‡q‡Qb| wZwb
Zuvi GB `k©b‡K Beivnxg (Av)-Gi `k©‡bi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb| KziAvb Kvixg †_‡K Avgiv Rvwb †h, gnvb Avj­vn Beivnxg
(Av)-‡K AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_exi ivRZ¡ ev cwiPvjb-e¨e¯’v †`Lvb| wKš‘ Gi A_© G bq †h, Zuv‡K mKj MvBex Ávb cÖ`vb K‡ib|
KziAvb Kvix‡gi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Avgiv †`wL †h, Beivnxg (Av)-Gi †kl Rxe‡b Zuvi wØZxq cy‡Îi R‡b¥i mymsev` wb‡q Ges j~Z
(Av)-Gi †`‡ki gvbyl‡`i aŸs‡mi `vwqZ¡ wb‡q hLb wdwikZvMY Zuvi Kv‡Q AvMgb K‡ib, ZLb wZwb wdwikZv‡`i‡K wPb‡Z
cv‡ib wb, Zv‡`i `vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K©I wKQz Rvb‡Z cv‡ib wb, Zuvi wb‡Ri mš—vb n‡e ZvI wZwb Rvb‡Zb bv Ges mš—v‡bi mymsev`
†c‡q wZwb LyeB Avðvh©vwš^Z nb| G mKj welq mywbwðZfv‡e cÖgvY K‡i †h, Giƒc `k©‡bi A_© MvBex RM‡Zi A‡bK welq †`Lv,
mKj wel‡qi ¯’vqx Ávb jvf bq|
cÖ_g I wØZxq ch©v‡qi G mKj AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bviƒc ˆecixZ¨ Kíbv K‡ib wb mvnvexMY Ges Zuv‡`i
Abymvix Zvweqx, Zvwe-Zvweqx I Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi gymwjgMY| G mKj wb‡`©k meB mij I ¯^vfvweK A‡_©
wek¦vm K‡i‡Qb Zviv| Avj­vn Qvov †KD Mv&Be Rv‡bb bv- KziAvb I nv`x‡mi G wb‡`©kbv m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e mZ¨| ivm~jyj­vn
� MvBe Rvb‡Zb bv- KziAvb I nv`x‡mi G wb‡`©kbvI m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e mZ¨| cvkvcvwk gnvb Avj­vn Zuv‡K me©‡kªô I
me©‡kl bex wn‡m‡e byeIqv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ I gh©v`vi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© MvB‡ei welqvw` †`wL‡q‡Qb I Rvwb‡q‡Qb- KziAvb I
nv`x‡mi G wb‡`©kbvI m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e mZ¨| hZUzKz Rvwb‡q‡Qb ev †`wL‡q‡Qb e‡j KziAvb Kvixg ev mnxn nv`x‡m D‡j­L
Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv meB mij A‡_© Zviv wek¦vm K‡i‡Qb| Gi evB‡i wKQz Rvbv ev bv Rvbv wb‡q we¯—vwiZ M‡elYv-wPš—v Kiv
gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡ bq|
7g-8g wnRix kZK †_‡K †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwjg `vwe Ki‡Z _v‡Kb †h, ivm~jyj­vn � mvgwMÖK Bjgyj MvB‡ei AwaKvix
wQ‡jb ev wZwb ÔAvwjgyj MvBeÕ wQ‡jb| cÖwm× fviZxq Avwjg Avãyj nvB jvLbex e‡jb, ivmyjyj­vn (�) m¤ú‡K© †h mKj
wg_¨v K_v ejv nq Zvi Ab¨Zg n‡jv:
ﻕﺭﻓ ﻻ ﻪﻨﺃﻭ ﺎﻴﺌﺯﺠﻭ ﺎﻴﻠﻜ ﻲﺘﺄﻴ ﺎﻤﻭ ﻰﻀﻤ ﺎﻤ لﻜ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻪﻟ ﺏﻫﻭﻭ ﻼﺼﻔﻤ ﻥﻴﺭﺨﻷﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻲﻁﻋﺃ � ﻲﺒﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﺇ
ﻡﻴـﻠﻌﺘ ﻥﻭﺩﺒ ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﺱﻔﻨﺒ ﻱﺩﺒﺃ ﻲﻟﺯﺃ ﷲﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﻕﺭﻔﻟﺍ ﺎﻤﻨﺇﻭ ، لﻭﻤﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻁﺎﺤﻻﺍ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺒﺭ ﻡﻠﻋﻭ ﻪﻤﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﺒ
ﻪﺒﺭ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﺒ ﻪﻟ لﺼﺤ ﻪﻨﺈﻓ لﻭﺴﺭﻟﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻑﻼﺨﺒ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ
Òivm~jyj­vn (�) m„wói ïi“ †_‡K †kl ch©š— mK‡ji I mKj wKQzi we¯—vwiZ Ávb cÖ`Ë n‡qwQ‡jb| hv wKQz AZxZ
n‡q‡Q Ges hv wKQz fwel¨‡Z NU‡e mewKQziB we¯—vwiZ I LyuwUbvwU Ávb Zuv‡K †`Iqv n‡qwQj| e¨vcKZvq I MfxiZvq
ivm~jyj­vni Ávb I Zuvi cÖwZcvjK gnvb Avj­vni Áv‡bi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ †bB| ïaygvÎ cv_©K¨ n‡jv, Avj­vni Ávb Abvw`
I ¯^qsÁvZ, †KD Zuv‡K †kLvb wb| cvš—‡i ivm~jyj­vni Ávb AwR©Z n‡q‡Q Zuvi cÖfyi †kLv‡bvi gva¨‡g|Ó 340
G K_v D‡j­L Kivi ci Avj­vgv Avãyj nvB jvLbex e‡jb: ÒG¸wj meB my›`i K‡i mvRv‡bv wg_¨v I ev‡bvqvU K_v|
Beby nvRvi gv°x Zvi ÔAvj-wgbvûj gvw°qvnÕ MÖ‡š’ I Ab¨vb¨ cÖvÁ Avwjg ¯úófv‡e D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, GB K_vw¸wj wfwËnxb
I wg_¨v| KziAv‡bi wewfbœ AvqvZ I wewfbœ nv`xm Øviv cÖgvwYZ †h, mvgwMÖK I e¨vcK Áv‡bi AwaKvix GKgvÎ Avj­vn|
96

GKgvÎ wZwbB mKj A`„k¨ Áv‡bi AwaKvix ev Avwjgyj MvBe| GB Ávb GKgvÎ ZuviB we‡klZ¡ I ZuviB ¸Y| Avj­vni c
†_‡K Ab¨ KvD‡K GB ¸Y cÖ`vb Kiv nq wb| nü v, Avgv‡`i bex (�)-Gi Ávb Ab¨ mKj bex-ivm~‡ji (Av) Áv‡bi †P‡q
†ewk| MvBex ev AwZ›`ªxq welqvw` m¤ú‡K© Zuvi cÖwZcvjK Ab¨vb¨ mevB‡K hv wkv w`‡q‡Qb Zvi †P‡q AwaKZi I c~Y©Zi
wkv w`‡q‡Qb Zuv‡K| wZwb Ávb I K‡g© c~Y©Zg Ges m¤§vb I gh©v`vq mKj m„wói †bZv| 341
†gvj­v Avjx KvixI Abyiƒc K_v e‡j‡Qb| KziAvb Kvix‡gi †h mKj Avqv‡Z my¯úó D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, ivm~jyj­vn
� ÔMvBeÕ Rvb‡Zb bv †m¸wj wZwb D‡j­L K‡ib| GQvov ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Rxe‡bi wewfbœb NUbv, †hgb Av‡qkv (iv)-Gi
Mjvi nvi nvwi‡q hvIqvi NUbv, Zuvi wei“‡× e¨wfPv‡ii Acev‡`i NUbv BZ¨vw` D‡j­L K‡i wZwb e‡jb †h, G mKj NUbv
cÖgvY K‡i †h, Giƒc MvBe KL‡bvB ivm~jyj­vn � Rvb‡Zb bv Ges Giƒc Rvbvi `vwe wZwb KL‡bvB K‡ib wb, eis wZwb
evisevi e‡j‡Qb †h, Avwg MvBe Rvwb bv| Gici wZwb e‡jb: Òwbtm‡›`‡n Zv‡`i Giƒc AwZfw³ I mxgvj•N‡bi KviY
n‡jv, Zviv g‡b K‡i ¯^qs ivm~jyj­vn � Zv‡`i †Mvbvn¸wj gvd K‡i w`‡e Ges Zv‡`i‡K Rvbœv‡Z XywK‡q w`‡eb| Zviv Gfv‡e
Zuvi wel‡q hZ †ewk AwZfw³ I AwZwi³ K_v ej‡e ZZB Zviv Zuvi †ewk wcÖq n‡e| Gfv‡e fw³i bv‡g Giv Zuvi m‡e‡P‡q
†ewk Aeva¨Zv Ki‡Q Ges Zuvi mybœvZ me‡P‡q †ewk j•Nb Ki‡Q| L„÷vb‡`i mv‡_ G‡`i mv`„k¨ LyeB ¯úó, hviv Cmv
gvmx‡ni (Av) wel‡q AwZfw³ K‡i‡Q, Zuvi kixqZ j•Nb K‡i‡Q Ges Zvi `x‡bi me‡P‡q †ewk we‡ivwaZv K‡i‡Q| cÖK…Z
Ae¯’v GB †h, Giv wg_¨v I ev‡bvqvU nv`xm¸wj mZ¨ e‡j MÖnY K‡i Avi mnxn nv`xm¸wj‡K weK…Z e¨vL¨v K‡i evwZj
K‡i|Ó 342
GK bh‡iB Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Bjgyj MvBe welqK Dc‡ii G gZwU GKwU we`ÔAvZx ev weåvš—
gZ| KviY KziAvb Kvix‡g, †Kv‡bv mnxn gyZvIqvwZi ev Avnv` nv`x‡m ev mvnvexM‡Yi evYx‡Z †Kv_vI Giƒc K_v ejv nq
wb| Ab¨vb¨ weåvš— we`ÔAvZx AvKx`vi b¨vq KziAv‡bi †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv K_vi e¨vL¨v, †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨v Ges wewfbœ
hyw³i gva¨‡g G ÔAvKx`vÕ ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q|
GLv‡b K‡qKwU welq jYxq:
(1) KziAv‡b A‡bK ¯’v‡b my¯úó I ب_©nxbfv‡e ejv n‡q‡Q †h, GKgvÎ Avj­vnB ÔAvwjgyj MvBeÕ Ges wZwb Qvov Avmgvbhgx‡bi
g‡a¨ Ab¨ †KD MvBe Rv‡bb bv| G K_v ejv nq wb †h, ÔAvj­vni gZ MvBeÕ †KD Rv‡bb bv, eis ejv n‡q‡Q Avj­vn Qvov
†KDB MvBe Rv‡bb bv|
(2) KziAvb Kvix‡g my¯úó I ب_©nxbfvlvq evisevi ejv n‡q‡Q †h, ivm~jyj­vn � MvBe Rv‡bb bv| Gi wecix‡Z
GKwU ¯’v‡bI GKwU ev‡ii Rb¨I ب_©nxb ev my¯úófv‡e ejv nq wb †h, wZwb ÔAvj­vgyj ¸BEeÕ, ev ÔAvwjgyj MvBeÕ ev mKj
MvB‡ei Ávb Zuviv Av‡Q|
(3) A‡bK mnxn nv`x‡m evisevi ejv n‡q‡Q †h, ivm~jyj­vn � MvBe Rv‡bb bv| Gi wecix‡Z GKwU nv`x‡mI wZwb
e‡jb wb †h, ÔAvwg MvBe RvwbÕ ev ÔAvwg Avwjgyj MvBeÕ|
(4) GB gZwU‡Z †h K_v¸wj `vwe Kiv n‡q‡Q †m K_v¸wj KL‡bvB Giƒcfv‡e ev G fvlvq KL‡bv †Kv‡bv mnxn,
hqxd ev Rvj nv`x‡mI ejv nq wb|
3. 2. 12. 3. nvwhi-bvwhi cÖm½
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Bjgyj MvB‡ei `vwei Av‡iKwU cwifvlv Zuv‡K Ônvwhi-bvwhiÕ e‡j `vwe Kiv| nvwhi-bvwhi `yBwU Aviex
kã| ( ﺮ�ﺿﺎﺣ) nvwhi A_© Dcw¯’Z| ( ﺮﻇﺎ�ﻧ) bvwhi A_© `k©K, ch©‡eK ev msiK| Ônvwhi-bvwhiÕ ej‡Z †evSvb nq
Ôm`vweivRgvb I me©Á ev mewKQyi `k©KÕ| A_©vr wZwb m`v-me©`v meÎ Dcw¯’Z ev weivRgvb Ges wZwb m`v me©`v mewKQzi
`k©K| ¯^fveZB whwb m`vme©Î weivRgvb I mewKQzi `k©K wZwb me©Á I mKj hy‡Mi mKj ¯’v‡bi mKj MvBex Áv‡bi
AwaKvix| Kv‡RB hviv ivm~jyj­vn (�)-†K Ônvwhi-bvwhiÕ `vwe K‡ib, Zuviv `vwe K‡ib †h, wZwb ïay me©ÁB bb, Dciš‘ wZwb
me©Î weivRgvb|
GLv‡bI K‡qKwU welq jYxq:
cÖ_gZ, GB ¸YwU ïaygvÎ Avj­vni †‡ÎB cÖ‡hvR¨| KviY Avj­vn evisevi Gikv` K‡i‡Qb †h, ev›`v †hLv‡bB _vK&
wZwb Zvi mv‡_ Av‡Qb, wZwb ev›`vi wbK‡U Av‡Qb... BZ¨vw`| ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi m¤ú‡K© KL‡bvB Nybv‡iI KziAvb ev
nv`x‡m ejv nq wb †h, wZwb me©`v D¤§v‡Zi mv‡_ Av‡Qb, A_ev mKj gvby‡li mv‡_ Av‡Qb, A_ev Kv‡Q Av‡Qb, A_ev me©Î
Dcw¯’Z Av‡Qb, A_ev mewKQz †`L‡Qb| KziAv‡bi AvqvZ †Zv `~‡ii K_v GKwU hqxd nv`xmI ب_©nxbfv‡e GB A‡_©
†Kv_vI ewY©Z nq wb| †Kv‡bv GKwU mnxn, hqxd ev gvDh~ nv`x‡mI ewY©Z nq wb †h, wZwb e‡j‡Qb ÔAvwg nvwhi-bvwhiÕ|
A_P Zuvi bv‡g G wg_¨v K_vwU ejv n‡”Q| GgbwK †Kv‡bv mvnvex, Zvweqx, Zvwe-Zvweqx ev Bgvg KL‡bvB e‡jb wb †h,
Ôivm~jyj­vn (�) nvwhi-bvwhiÕ|
wØZxqZ, KziAvb-nv`x‡m evisevi AZ¨š— my¯úófv‡e I ب_©nxbfv‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, ivm~jyj­vn (�) †Mvcb
Áv‡bi AwaKvix bb| ivm~jyj­vn (�)-‡K Ônvwhi-bvwhiÕ e‡j `vwe Kiv D³ mKj ¯úó I ب_©nxb AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi my¯úó
97

we‡ivwaZv Kiv|
Z…ZxqZ, wewfbœ nv`x‡m wZwb e‡j‡Qb, D¤§v‡Zi `i“`-mvjvg Zuvi Ke‡i Dcw¯’Z Kiv nq| Avi ivm~jyj­vn (�)-‡K
nvwhi-bvwhi e‡j `vwe Kivi A_© n‡jv, G mKj nv`xm meB wg_¨v| D¤§v‡Zi `i“`-mvjvg Zuvi Kv‡Q Dcw¯’Z nq bv, eis
wZwbB D¤§v‡Zi Kv‡Q Dcw¯’Z nb!! Kv‡RB hviv G `vwewU Ki‡Qb, Zuvi ïay ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi bv‡g wg_¨v e‡jB vš—
n‡”Qb bv| Dciš‘ Zuviv ¯^qs ivm~jyj­vn � -‡K wg_¨vev`x e‡j `vwe K‡ib, bvEhy wej­vn!
PZz_©Z, hviv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Bjgyj MvBe I m`vme©`v me©Î weivRgvb nIqvi gZ †cvlY K‡i‡Qb, Zviv G‡K
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi dhxjZ ev gh©v`v welqK gZvgZ wn‡m‡e mxgve× iv‡Lb wb, eis G‡K gywg‡bi Cgv‡bi Ask e‡j `vwe
K‡i‡Qb|
B‡Zvc~‡e© Avgiv D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, `kvwaK mvnvex †_‡K ewY©Z wewfbœ nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, Idv‡Zi c‡i
gnvwe‡k¦i me©Î ev mKj D¤§v‡Zi Kv‡Q Ônvwhi-bvwhiÕ †_‡K Zv‡`i mKj cwieZ©b ev Ab¨vq-AcKg© Ae‡jvKb Kivi Sv‡gjv
gnvb Avj­vn Zuv‡K †`b wb| Abyiƒcfv‡e KziAv‡b wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Avj­vn evisevi e‡j‡Qb †h, AZxZ D¤§vZ¸wji wbKUI wZwb
Dcw¯’Z ev nvwhi-bvwhi wQ‡jb bv| Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤ�ﺼﹶﺘﹾﺨ�ﻴ ﹾﺫِﺇ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴ�ﺩﹶﻟ ﹶﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻤ ُلﹸﻔﹾﻜ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻤ ﻼﹾﻗَﺃ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻘﹾﻠ�ﻴ ﹾﺫِﺇ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴ�ﺩﹶﻟ ﹶﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻪﻴ�ﺤﻭﹸﻨ ﹺﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎ�ﺒﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ
ÒG MvB‡ei msev` hv Avwg Inxi gva¨‡g †Zvgv‡K AewnZ KiwQ| gvi&qv‡gi ZË¡veav‡bi `vwqZ¡ Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †K MÖnY
Ki‡e Zvi Rb¨ hLb Zviv Kjg wb‡c KiwQj ZLb Zzwg Zv‡`i wbKU wQ‡j bv Ges Zviv hLb ev`vbyev` KiwQj ZLbI Zzwg
Zv‡`i wbKU wQ‡j bv|Ó 343
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺩـ�ﻤ ِلـ�ﻫَﺃ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻴﹺﻭﺎﹶﺜ ﹶﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ... �ﻥﻴ�ﺩ�ﻫﺎﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹶﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
�ﺭ�ﻤ ﻷﺍ
ﻰ�ﺴﻭ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﻀﹶﻗ ﹾﺫِﺇ �ﻲﹺﺒ�ﺭﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﺏ�ﻨﺎ�ﺠﹺﺒ ﹶﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺩﺎﹶﻨ ﹾﺫِﺇ ﹺﺭﻭﱡﻁﻟﺍ ﹺﺏ�ﻨﺎ�ﺠﹺﺒ ﹶﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻤ ﺎﱠﻨﹸﻜ ﺎﱠﻨ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺘﺎ�ﻴَﺁ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻭﹸﻠﹾﺘﹶﺘ
Òg~mv‡K hLb Avwg weavb w`‡qwQjvg ZLb cwðg cÖv‡š— Zzwg Dcw¯’Z wQ‡j bv Ges Zzwgi kvwn` ev cÖZ¨`k©xI wQ‡j bv|
... Zzwg †Zv gv`qv&bevmx‡`i g‡a¨ we`¨gvb wQ‡j bv Zv‡`i wbKU Avgvi AvqvZ Ave„wË Kivi Rb¨| AvwgB †Zv wQjvg ivm~j
†cÖiYKvix| g~mv‡K hLb Avwg AvnŸvb K‡iwQjvg ZLb Zzwg Z‚i ce©‡Zi cv‡k© Dcw¯’Z wQ‡j bv...|Ó 344
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹸﻜ�ﻤ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺠَﺃ ﹾﺫِﺇ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴ�ﺩﹶﻟ ﹶﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻪﻴ�ﺤﻭﹸﻨ ﹺﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎ�ﺒﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ
ÒG MvB‡ei msev` hv †Zvgv‡K Inx Øviv AewnZ KiwQ| lohš¿Kv‡j hLb Zviv g‰Z‡K¨ †cuŠ‡QwQj ZLb Zzwg Zv‡`i ms‡M
wQ‡j bv|Ó 345
Avi ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Rxebx, mxivZ, mvnvexM‡Yi Kg©, gZvgZ BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© hvi mvgvb¨ Ávb Av‡Q wZwbI eyS‡Z cv‡ib
†h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi RxeÏkvq wZwb wb‡R KL‡bv †Kv‡bvfv‡e `vwe K‡ib wb †h, wZwb m`v me©`v me©Î ev mKj D¤§v‡Zi Kv‡Q
Ônvwhi-bvwhiÕ ev Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Dcw¯’Z †_‡K Zv‡`i me wKQz †`L‡Qb| Abyiƒcfv‡e mvnvexMYI KL‡bvB Giƒc †Kv‡bv K_v Kíbv
K‡ib wb|
Zv‡`i G g‡Zi c‡ †ckK…Z `wjj¸wj wbgœiƒc:
¯^fveZB KziAvb Kvixg ev nv`xm kixd †_‡K †Kv‡bv GKwU my¯úó ev ب_©nxb e³e¨I Zuviv cÖgvY wn‡m‡e †ck K‡ib
bv| wewfbœ AvqvZ ev nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨v ev e¨vL¨v-wfwËK hyw³-ZK©B Zv‡`i `wjj| Zuv‡`i G RvZxq `wjj-cÖgvYvw`i g‡a¨
i‡q‡Q:
cÖ_g `jxj: KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b ivm~jyj­vn (�)-†K Ôkvwn`Õ I Ôkvnx`Õ ( ﺪﻴﻬ�ﺷو ﺪﻫﺎ�ﺷ) e‡j D‡j­L Kiv
n‡q‡Q| 346 GB kã `yBwUi A_© ÔmvxÕ, ÔcÖgvYÕ, ÔDcw¯’ZÕ (witness, evidence, present) BZ¨vw`| mvnvexM‡Yi hyM †_‡K
cieZ©x K‡qK kZvãx ch©š— gydvm&wmiMY GB k‡ãi e¨vL¨vq e‡j‡Qb †h, Avj­vn Zuvi wcÖq bex‡K (�) Øxb cÖPv‡ii `vwqZ¡ w`‡q
I mvxiƒ‡c †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb| hviv Zuvi cÖPvwiZ Øxb MÖnY Ki‡eb, wZwb Zuv‡`i c‡ mv¨ w`‡eb| GQvov c~e©eZ©x bexMY †h
Zv‡`i `xb cÖPvi K‡i‡Qb †m wel‡qI wZwb Ges Zuvi D¤§vZ mv¨ w`‡eb| A‡b‡K e‡j‡Qb, Zuv‡K Avj­vn Zuvi GK‡Z¡i ev
Iqvn`vwbq¨‡Zi mvx I cÖgvY-iƒ‡c †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb| 347
GLv‡b D‡j­L¨ †h, A‡bK ¯’v‡b gywgbMY‡KI gvbe RvwZi Rb¨ Ôkvnx`Õ ejv n‡q‡Q| 348 A‡bK ¯’v‡b Avj­vn‡K Ôkvnx`Õ
98

ejv n‡q‡Q| 349
hviv ivm~jyj­vn (�)-‡K ÔmKj A`„k¨ Áv‡bi AwaKvixÕ ev Ônvwhi-bvwhiÕ e‡j `vwe K‡ib Zuviv GB Ôب_©‡evaKÕ
kãwUi GKwU we‡kl A_© MÖnY K‡ib| Gici †mB A‡_©i e¨vL¨vi wfwˇZ KziAv‡bi mKj my¯úó I ب_©nxb evYx evwZj K‡i
†`b| Zuviv e‡jb, Ôkvwn`Õ A_© Dcw¯’Z| Kv‡RB wZwb me©Î Dcw¯’Z| A_ev Ôkvwn`Õ A_© hw` mvx nq Zvn‡jI Zuv‡K me©Î
Dcw¯’Z _vK‡Z n‡e| KviY bv †`‡L †Zv mv¨ †`Iqv hvq bv| Avi Gfv‡e wZwb m`v me©`v me©Î weivRgvb ev nvwhi-bvwhi
I mKj ¯’v‡bi mKj †Mvcb I MvBex Áv‡bi AwaKvix|
Zuv‡`i GB e¨vL¨v I `vwei †‡Î K‡qKwU welq j¨Yxq:
cÖ_gZ, Zuviv GB Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq mvnvex, Zvweqx I c~e©eZ©x gydvmwmi‡`i gZvgZ MÖnY bv K‡i wb‡R‡`i gwR©
gvwdK e¨vL¨v K‡ib Ges mvnvex-Zvweqx‡`i e¨vL¨v evwZj K‡i †`b|
wØZxqZ, Zuviv GKwU ب_©‡evaK k‡ãi e¨vL¨v‡K g~j AvKx`v wnmv‡e MÖnY K‡i Zvi wfwˇZ KziAvb I nv`x‡mi
AMwYZ ب_©nxb wb‡`©kbv wb‡R‡`i gwR©gvwdK evwZj K‡i w`‡jb| Zuviv Ggb GKwU A_© MÖnY Ki‡jb, †h A‡_© GKwU
ب_©nxb AvqvZ ev nv`xmI †bB| mvnvex, Zvweqx, Zvwe-Zvweqx ev †Kv‡bv BgvgI KL‡bv G K_v e‡jb wb|
Z…ZxqZ, Zuv‡`i G e¨vL¨v I `vwe g~jZB evwZj| Zv‡`i e¨vL¨v Abymv‡i cÖ‡Z¨K gymjgvb‡KB ÔBj‡g MvB‡ei
AwaKvixÕ I nvwhi-bvwhi e‡j `vwe Ki‡Z n‡e| KviY gywgbMY‡KI KziAv‡b Ôkvnx`Õ A_©vr ÔmvxÕ ev ÔDcw¯’ZÕ ejv n‡q‡Q
Ges evisevi ejv n‡q‡Q †h, Zuviv c~e©eZ©x mKj D¤§vZ mn cy‡iv gvbe RvwZ m¤ú‡K© wKqvg‡Zi w`b mv¨ w`‡eb| Avi
Dcw¯’Z bv n‡j †Zv mv¨ †`Iqv hvq bv| Kv‡RB Zuv‡`i e¨vL¨v I `vwe Abymv‡i ej‡Z n‡e †h, cÖ‡Z¨K gywgb m„wói ïi“
†_‡K we‡k¦i me©Î me©`v weivRgvb Ges mewKQz †`L‡Qb I ïb‡Qb| KviY bv †`‡L Zuviv wKfv‡e gvbeRvwZi c‡ ev wec‡
mv¨ w`‡eb?!
wØZxq `jxj: KziAvb Kvix‡g Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﻲـ�ﻓ ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒﹺﺒ ﻰﹶﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﹺﻡﺎ�ﺤ�ﺭ ﻷﺍ
ﻭﹸﻟ�ﻭُﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬـﹸﺘﺎـ�ﻬـ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻪ�ﺠﺍ�ﻭ�ﺯَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺴﹸﻔـﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﻥـﻴ�ﻨـ�ﻤْﺅـ�ﻤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﻰﹶﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻲـﹺﺒـﱠﻨﻟﺍ
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ
Òbex gyÕwgbM‡Yi wbKU Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i A‡cv NwbôZi (closer) Ges Zuvi ¯¿x Zv‡`i gvZv| Ges Avj­vni
wKZv‡e AvZ¥xqMY ci¯úi ci¯ú‡ii NwbôZi|Ó 350
GLv‡b ÔAvDjvÕ ( ﻰ�ﻟوأ) kãwUi g~j n‡jv Ô‡ejvqvZÕ ( ﺔ�ﻳﻻﻮﻟا), A_©vr eÜzZ¡, ˆbKU¨, AwffveKZ¡ BZ¨vw`| Ò‡ejv‡qZÓ
AR©bKvix‡K ÒIjxÓ ( ﻲﻟﻮ�ﻟا), A_©vr eÜz, wbKUeZx© ev AwffveK ejv nq| ÔAvDjÕ A_© ÔAwaKZi IjxÕ| A_©vr AwaK eÜz, AwaK
wbKUeZ©x, AwaK †hvM¨ ev AwaK `vwqZ¡kxj (more entitled, more deserving, worthier, closer)|
GLv‡b ¯^fveZB NwbôZi ev wbKUZi (closer) ej‡Z fw³, fvjevmv, `vwqZ¡, m¤úK© I AvZ¥xqZvi NwbôZv eySv‡bv
n‡”Q| gywgbMY ivm~jyj­vn‡K Zuv‡`i wb‡R‡`i †P‡qI †ewk Avcb, †ewk wcÖq I AvbyMZ¨ I Abymi‡Yi †ewk n°`vi e‡j
Rv‡bb| GB ÔAvcb‡Z¡iÕ GKwU w`K n‡jv †h, Zuvi ¯¿xMY gywgb‡`i gvZvi gh©v`vq AwawôZ| Avevi D¤§v‡Zi cÖwZ ivm~jyj­vn
(�)-Gi `i` I †cÖg Zvi AvcbRb‡`i †P‡qI †ewk| ivm~jyj­vn (�) ¯^qs GB Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq G K_v e‡j‡Qb| Rvwei,
Ave~ ûivBiv cÖgyL mvnvex (�) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡jb:
ﺎـ�ﻤ�ﻴَﺄﹶﻓ . �ﻡﹺﻬـ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﻰﹶﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ : �ﻡﹸﺘْﺌ�ﺸ �ﻥِﺇ ﺍﻭ�ﺀ�ﺭﹾﻗﺍ �ﺓ�ﺭ�ﺨﻵﺍ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻴﹾﻨ�ﺩﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﻰﹶﻟ�ﻭَﺃ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ ﻻِﺇ ﹴﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ
�ﻩﻻ�ﻭ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨَﺄﹶﻓ ( �ﻩُﺅﺎ�ﻀﹶﻗ �ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ ،�ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ�ﻭ
�ﻲﹶﻟِﺈﹶﻓ ) ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺘْﺄ�ﻴﹾﻠﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻋﺎ�ﻴ�ﻀ �ﻭَﺃ ﺎﹰﻨ�ﻴ�ﺩ �ﻙ�ﺭﹶﺘ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹸﺘ�ﺒ�ﺼ�ﻋ �ﻪﹾﺜﹺﺭ�ﻴﹾﻠﹶﻓ ﻻﺎ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﺭﹶﺘ�ﻭ ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ
ﹴﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ
ÒcÖ‡Z¨K gywg‡bi Rb¨B `ywbqv I Av‡Liv‡Z Avwg Zvi AwaKZi wbKUeZ©x| †Zvgiv B”Qv Ki‡j Avj­vni evYx cvV Ki: Òbex
gyÕwgbM‡Yi wbKU Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i A‡cv NwbôZiÓ| Kv‡RB †h †Kv‡bv gywgb hw` g„Zz¨eiY K‡i Ges †m m¤ú` †i‡L hvq, Z‡e
Zvi DËivwaKvixMY hviv _vK‡e Zviv †mB m¤ú` MÖnY Ki‡e| Avi hw` †m FY †i‡L hvq ev Amnvq mš—vb-mš—wZ †i‡L hvq Z‡e
Zviv †hb Avgvi wbKU Av‡m; †m FY cwi‡kv‡ai `vwqZ¡ Avgvi Dc‡iB _vK‡e| KviY AvwgB Zvi AvcbRb|Ó 351
wKš‘ Ônvwhi-bvwhiÕ-Gi `vwe`viMY `vwe K‡ib †h, GLv‡b ‰`wnK ˆbKU¨ eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Kv‡RB wZwb mKj gywg‡bi
wbKU nvwhi Av‡Qb|
GLv‡bI Avgiv †`LwQ †h GKwU ev‡bvqvU e¨vL¨vi wfwˇZ Zviv KziAvb I nv`x‡m AMwYZ ب_©nxb wb‡`©k‡K evwZj
K‡i w`‡”Qb| Zuvi ¯^qs ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi e¨vL¨v‡KI MÖnY Ki‡Qb bv| m‡e©vcwi Zv‡`i GB e¨vL¨v m‡›`nvZxZfv‡eB
evwZj| KviY GB Avqv‡ZB ejv n‡q‡Q †h ÒAvZ¥xqMY ci¯úi ci¯ú‡ii NwbôZiÓ| Ab¨ÎI ejv n‡q‡Q †h, ÒAvZ¥xqMY
G‡K Ac‡ii NwbôZi ev wbKUZi|Ó 352 Zvn‡j G‡`i e¨vL¨v Abymv‡i Avgv‡`i ej‡Z n‡e †h, mKj gvbylB nvwhi bvwhi|
KviY mKj gvbylB Kv‡iv bv Kv‡iv AvZ¥xq| Kv‡RB Zvi m`vme©`v Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Dcw¯’Z Ges Zv‡`i mewKQz †`L‡Qb I
99

ïb‡Qb!
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, bex (�) I gywgbMY gvbyl‡`i g‡a¨ Beivnxg (Av)-Gi me‡P‡q ÔwbKUZiÕ ev
ÔNwbôZiÕ (ﻰﻟوأ)| 353 GLv‡b `vwe Ki‡Z n‡e †h, mKj gywgb Beivnx‡gi wbKU Dcw¯’Z...!
Z…Zxq `jxj: Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) e‡jb,
�ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻤﺎ�ﻤِﺇ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ( �ﺭ�ﺒﹾﻨ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻗ�ﺭ ) �ﻪﹺﻬ�ﺠ�ﻭﹺﺒ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ َل�ﺒﹾﻗَﺃ ﹶﺓﻼ�ﺼﻟﺍ ﻰ�ﻀﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻠﹶﻓ ﹴﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﹶﺕﺍﹶﺫ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎﹶﻨﹺﺒ ﻰﱠﻠ�ﺼ
ﹶﻑـﹾﻠﹶﺨ ) ﻲ�ﻔﹾﻠﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﻤﺎ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜﺍ�ﺭَﺃ ﻲﱢﻨِﺈﹶﻓ ( ﹶﻑﻭﹸﻔ�ﺼﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻤ�ﺘَﺃ ) �ﻑﺍ�ﺭ�ﺼﹾﻨ ﻻﺎﹺﺒ
ﻻ�ﻭ ﹺﻡﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﻻ�ﻭ
�ﺩﻭ�ﺠ�ﺴﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹺﻉﻭﹸﻜ�ﺭﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﻨﻭﹸﻘﹺﺒ�ﺴﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓ
�ﻉﻭـﹸﻜ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﺍﻭـ�ﻤﻴ�ﻗَﺃ ) ( �ﻲ�ﻤﺎـ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻥـ�ﻤ)
�ﻡﹸﻜﺍ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ ﻲِﺌﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﺍ�ﺭَﻷ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ ﹺﻉﻭﹸﻜ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ�ﻭ �ﺓﻼ�ﺼﻟﺍ
ﻲ�ﻓ ،(
ﻱﹺﺭ�ﻬﹶﻅ �ﺀﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤ / ﻱﹺﺭ�ﻬﹶﻅ
( �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﺩ�ﺠ�ﺴ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﻌﹶﻜ�ﺭ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﻬﹶﻅ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﺒ�ﺭ�ﻭ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﺍ�ﺭَﻷ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭﹶﻓ �ﺩﻭ�ﺠ�ﺴﻟﺍ�ﻭ
ÒGKw`b ivm~jyj­vn (�) Avgv‡`i wb‡q mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡jb| mvjv‡Zi c‡i Avgv‡`i w`‡K gyL wdwi‡q (Ab¨ eY©bvq:
wg¤^‡i Av‡ivnY K‡i) wZwb e‡jb: †n gvby‡liv, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Bgvg| Kv‡RB †Zvgiv Avgvi Av‡M i“Kz Ki‡e bv, mvR`v Ki‡e
bv, `uvov‡e bv Ges mvjvZ †kl Ki‡e bv| Ab¨ eY©bvq: KvZvi¸wj c~Y© Ki‡e| KviY Avwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K †`L‡Z cvB Avgvi
mvg‡b Ges Avgvi wcQ‡b, hLb †Zvgiv i“Kz Ki Ges hLb †Zvgiv mvR`v Ki| Ab¨ eY©bvq: mvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ Ges i“Kzi g‡a¨
Avwg Avgvi wcQb †_‡K †Zvgv‡`i‡K †`wL †hgb Avwg mvg‡b †_‡K †Zvgv‡`i‡K †`wL| Ab¨ eY©bvq: †Zvgiv i“Kz Ges mvR`v
c~Y© Ki‡e; KviY Avj­vni Kmg, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K Avgvi c‡iI, A_ev e‡jb: Avgvi wc‡Vi c‡iI †`wL hLb †Zvgiv i“Kz Ki
Ges mvR`v Ki|Ó 354
G A‡_© Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) †_‡KI nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| wZwb& e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
100
ﻱﹺﺭ�ﻬﹶﻅ �ﺀﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﺍ�ﺭَﻷ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻋﻭﹸﺸﹸﺨ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻋﻭﹸﻜ�ﺭ �ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻰﹶﻔﹾﺨ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻭ
ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻫ ﻲ�ﺘﹶﻠ�ﺒ�ﻗ �ﻥ�ﻭ�ﺭﹶﺘ ْل�ﻫ
Ò†Zvgiv wK GLv‡b Avgvi wKejvn †`L‡Z cv”Q? Avj­vni Kmg, †Zvgv‡`i i“Kz, mvR`v Ges webgªZv Avgvi Kv‡Q
AcÖKvwkZ _v‡K bv Ges Avwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K Avgvi wc‡Vi wcQ‡b †`wL|Ó 355
G nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi GKwU ˆewk‡ó¨i K_v Rvb‡Z cviwQ| G nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K gywgb wek¦vm
K‡ib †h, Ab¨vb¨ gvbyl †hfv‡e mvg‡b †`‡L ivm~jyj­vn (�) wcQ‡bI †`L‡Zb| GLb †KD Ôevkvwiq¨vZÕ ev gvbe‡Z¡i
we‡klY‡K wfwË K‡i wcQ‡b †`Lvi GB ˆewkó¨wUi e¨vL¨v K‡i ej‡Z cv‡ib †h, GLv‡b Ô†`wLÕ A_© ÔaviYv KwiÕ, KviY Ô‡`LvÕ
Aviex‡Z ÔaviYvÕ ev g‡bi †`Lv A‡_© e¨eüZ nq, A_ev †`wL A_© Avgv‡K msev` †`Iqv nq... BZ¨vw`| Z‡e Giƒc e¨vL¨v I
A_©-KiY Inxi mxgv j•Nb e‡j MY¨ n‡e| eis evkvwiq¨vZ I cðvZ-`k©b Dfq‡KB ¯^vfvweK I cÖwm× A‡_© MÖnY Kiv Ges
Dfq‡K mijfv‡e wek¦vm Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| Abyiƒcfv‡e hw` †KD †`Lv A_© Rvbv e‡jb Ges mvg‡bi gZ wcQ‡b †`Lv ej‡Z
AZx‡Zi gZ fwel¨Z m¤ú‡K© Rvbv e‡jb Z‡e Zv wbtm‡›`‡n gbMov A_© n‡e|
nv`xmwU cvV Ki‡j ev ïb‡j †h †KD Abyfe Ki‡eb †h, welqwU ¯^vfvweK `„wó I `k©‡bi wel‡q| gvbyl mvg‡b †hiƒc
mvg‡bi w`‡K †`L‡Z cvq, ivm~jyj­vn (�) mvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ †mfv‡eB wcQ‡b †`L‡Z †c‡Zb| nv`x‡mi wewfbœ eY©bv †_‡K
¯úófv‡eB Rvbv hvq †h, GB `k©b wQj mvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ I i“Kz mvRv`iv g‡a¨| Ab¨ mg‡q wZwb GBiƒc †`L‡Zb e‡j †Kv‡bv
nv`x‡m ewY©Z nq wb| Zv m‡Ë¡I hw` Zv g‡b Kiv nq †h, wZwb me©`v GBiƒc mvg‡b I wcQ‡b †`L‡Z †c‡Zb, ZeyI G nv`xm
Øvviv KL‡bvB eySv hvq bv †h, wZwb `„wói Avov‡j, N‡ii g‡a¨, c`©vi Aš—iv‡j, g‡bi g‡a¨ ev A‡bK `~‡ii mewKQz †`L‡Z
†c‡Zb| Zv m‡Ë¡I hw` KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wecixZ I we‡ivax bv n‡Zv, Z‡e Avgiv GB nv`xm †_‡K `vwe Ki‡Z cviZvg
†h, wZwb Gfv‡e me©`v me©¯’v‡bi me©wKQz †`L‡Zb Ges †`L‡Qb| wKš‘ Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, wewfbœ Avqv‡Z I AMwYZ mnxn
nv`x‡m my¯úóZ I ب_©nxbfv‡e evisevi Gi wecixZ K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| g~jZ gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi wcÖqgZ ivm~j (�)-‡K
GBiƒc Sv‡gjv I weo¤^bvgq `vwqZ¡ †_‡K E‡aŸ© †i‡L‡Qb|
Beby nvRvi AvmKvjvbx e‡jb:
لﻤﺤﻓ ﺡﺭﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﻭﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﺏﺭﻏﺃﻭ ﻪﻟﺍﻭﺤﺃ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻌﻗﺍﻭ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ لﻤﺘﺤﻴﻭ ﺓﻼﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﺒ ﺹﺘﺨﻴ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻥﺇ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻟﺍ ﺭﻫﺎﻅ
ﺏﺒـﺴ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺓﺭﻴﺭﻫ ﻲﺒﺃ ﺙﻴﺩﺤ ﻕﺎﻴﺴ لﻤﺄﺘﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻪﻨﺄﻜﻭ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺽﺭﻌﺘ ﺔﻤﻷﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﺓﺎﻓﻭﻟﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻨﻫ ﺔﻴﺩﻌﺒﻟﺍ
ﺔﻟﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ
Ònv`x‡mi evwn¨K ev ¯úó A_© †_‡K eySv hvq †h, wcQb †_‡K †`L‡Z cvIqvi G Ae¯’vwU ïaygvÎ mvjv‡Zi Rb¨ Lvm|
A_©vr wZwb ïay mvjv‡Zi g‡a¨B GBiƒc wcQb †_‡K †`L‡Z †c‡Zb| GgbI n‡Z cv‡i †h, me©ve¯’v‡ZB wZwb GBiƒc †`L‡Z
†c‡Zb|.... `vE`x 356 bvgK e¨vL¨vKvi GKwU D¢U K_v e‡j‡Qb| wZwb G eY©bvq Ôc‡iÕ kãwUi A_© Ôg„Zz¨i c‡iÕ e‡j D‡j­L
K‡i‡Qb| A_©vr D¤§v‡Zi Kg© Zuvi Kv‡Q †ck Kiv n‡e| m¤¢eZ wZwb Ave~ ûivBivi (iv) nv`x‡mi mvgwMÖK A_© wPš—v K‡ib

wb, †hLv‡b G K_vi KviY D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q...| 357
GLv‡b jYxq †h, `vE`xi hyM ev wnRix 9g kZvãx ch©š— Giƒc D¢U e¨vL¨vKvixivI Ô‡`LvÕ ej‡Z ÔD¤§v‡Zi Kg© Zuvi Kv‡Q
Dcw¯’Z Kiv n‡j †`‡LbÕ e‡j `vwe Ki‡Zb| wZwb wb‡R g`xbvq †_‡K meÎ mewKQz †`L‡Zb A_ev m`v me©`v me©Î Dcw¯’Z n‡q me
wKQz †`L‡Zb e‡j †KD Kíbv K‡i wb| wKš‘ hy‡Mi AveZ©b, Bmjvgx g~j¨‡ev‡ai Aeq, cvk©eZ©x a‡g©i cÖfve I AwZfw³i c­ve‡b
cieZ©x hy‡M ÔBjgyj MvBeÕ ev Ônvwhi-bvwhiÕ `vwe`viMY GLv‡b Ô‡Zvgv‡`i‡K †`L‡Z cvBÕ K_vwUi e¨L¨vq e‡jb †h, wZwb m`v me©`v
me©¯’v‡b me©Rb‡K †`L‡Z cvb| Avgiv †`LwQ †h, GB e¨L¨vwU ïay nv`xmwUi weK…wZB bq, Dciš‘ AMwYZ AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi my¯úó
we‡ivax|
m‡e©vcwi mvg‡b I wcQ‡b Ô‡`LvÕ ev ÔMv‡qex †`LvÕ Øviv Ôm`v me©`v me©Î Dcw¯’wZÕ ev mewKQz †`Lv cÖgvwYZ nq bv|
KziAvb Kvix‡g ejv n‡q‡Q †h, kqZvb I Zvi `j gvbyl‡`i‡K Mv‡qexfv‡e †`‡L:
�ﻡ�ﻬـﹶﻨ�ﻭ�ﺭـﹶﺘ ﻻ ﹸﺙ�ﻴَـﺤ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹸﻠـﻴـﹺﺒـﹶﻗ�ﻭ �ﻭـ�ﻫ �ﻡـﹸﻜﺍ�ﺭـ�ﻴ �ﻪـﱠﻨِﺇ
Ò†m I Zvi `j †Zvgvw`M‡K Ggbfv‡e †`‡L †h, †Zvgiv Zv‡`i‡K †`L‡Z cvI bv|Ó 358
GLv‡b wK †KD `vwe Ki‡eb †h, †h‡nZz Ò‡Zgvw`M‡K †`‡LÕ ( ﻡﻜﺍﺭـﻴ) eZ©gvb Kv‡ji wµqv, †m‡nZz kqZvb I Zvi `‡ji
cÖ‡Z¨‡K m`v me©`v mKj ¯’v‡bi mKj gvbyl‡K GKB fv‡e †`L‡Z cv‡”Q ev †`‡L‡B P‡j‡Q?!
PZz_© `jxj: Bgvg gynv¤§v` Beby Avng` KziZzex (671 wn) e‡jb:
ﻥﻤ ﺱﻴﻟ : لﻭﻘﻴ
101
ﹺﺏ�ﻴ�ﺴ�ﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻴﻌﺴ ﻊﻤﺴ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻪﺜﺩﺤ ،ﻭﹴﺭﻤﻋ ﹺﻥﺒ لﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ،ﺭﺎﺼﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ لﺠﺭ ﺎﻨﺭﺒﺨﺃ ،ﻙﺭﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺒﺍ ﺎﻨﺭﺒﺨﺃ
،ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺩﻬﺸﻴ ﻙﻟﺫﻠﻓ ،ﻡﻬﻟﺎﻤﻋﺃﻭ ﻡﻬﺌﺎﻤﺴﺄﺒ ﻡﻬﻓﺭﻌﻴﻓ ،ﺔ�ﻴﺸ�ﻋﻭ ﺓﻭ�ﺩﹸﻏ ﻪﺘﻤﺃ � ﻲﺒﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺽﺭﻌﺘ
ﻻﺇ ﻡﻭﻴ
Ò(cÖwm× Zvwe-Zvweqx) Avãyj­vn Bebyj gyevivK (181 wn) e‡jb, Avbmvix GK e¨w³ Avgv‡`i‡K e‡j‡Qb, wgbnvj
Beby Avgi Zv‡K e‡jb, wZwb (cÖwm× Zvweqx) mvC` Bebyj gymvBwqe (90 wn)-‡K ej‡Z ï‡b‡Qb: cÖwZ w`bB mKv‡j weKv‡j
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mvg‡b Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K †ck Kiv nq, d‡j wZwb Zv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i bv‡g I K‡g© wPb‡Z cv‡ib| GRb¨ wZwb
Zv‡`i wel‡q mv¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|Ó 359
mvC` Bebyj gymvBwq‡ei G e³e¨‡K Ônvwhi-bvwhiÕ gZev‡`i c‡ cÖgvY wn‡m‡e †ck Kiv nq| GLv‡b K‡qKwU
welq jYxq:
(1) mvC` Bebyj gymvBwq‡ei G e³e¨wU Zuvi †_‡K †Kv‡bv mnxn mb‡` ewY©Z nq wb| GKRb AÁvZbvgv e¨w³ K_vwU
wgbnv‡ji m~‡Î †R‡b‡Qb e‡j `we K‡i‡Qb| nv`x‡mi mb` wePvi m¤ú‡K© b~¨bZg Áv‡bi AwaKvix †h †Kv‡bv e¨w³ eyS‡Z
cv‡ib †h, Giƒc eY©bvi †Kv‡bviƒc wbf©i‡hvM¨Zv †bB gymwjg D¤§vni gynvwÏmM‡Yi wbKU|
(2) 7g wnRix kZ‡K Avj­vgv KziZzex 2q kZ‡Ki cÖwm× Avwjg Avãyj­vn Bebyj gyeviv‡Ki m~‡Î e³e¨wU DׄZ
K‡i‡Qb| Avãyj­vn Bebyj gyeviv‡Ki mycwiwPZ MÖš’mg~‡n Gi Aw¯—Z¡ cvIqv hvq bv| AcwiwPZ n¯—wjwLZ cvÊywjwc¸wji g‡a¨
wjwcKviMY A‡bK ms‡hvRb we‡qvRb KiZ| Kv‡RB e³e¨wU Av‡`Š Avãyj­vn Bebyj gyeviK KZ©„K msKwjZ wKbv Zv wbwðZ
nIqv KóKi|
(3) me©ve¯’vq G e³e¨wU Zvweqx mvC` Bebyj gymvBwqv‡ei e¨w³MZ gZvgZ gvÎ| ivm~jyj­vn � ev †Kv‡bv mvnvexi
e³e¨ bq|
(4) B‡Zvc~‡e© Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, `kR‡biI AwaK mvnvex †_‡K A‡bK mnxn mb‡` ewY©Z Ges mnxn eyLvix I mnxn
gymwjg mn Ab¨vb¨ nv`xm MÖ‡š’ msKwjZ ÔgyZvIqvwZiÕ ch©v‡qi nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb †h, Zuvi Idv‡Zi c‡i mvx ev
nvwhi-bvwhi n‡q D¤§v‡Zi mKj Kg© †`Lvïbv Kivi Sv‡gjv gnvb Avj­vn Zv‡K †`b wb| eis Zv‡`i A‡b‡Ki cwieZ©b-
D¢veb wZwb Rvb‡eb bv| Gi cvkvcvwk †Kv‡bv mnxn mb‡` ewY©Z nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi e³e¨ †_‡K cÖgvwYZ nq wb †h,
D¤§v‡Zi mKj Kg© Zuvi wbKU †ck Kiv nq|
(5) Bebyj gymvBwq‡ei G e³e¨ †_‡K my¯úóZB Rvbv hvq †h, ivm~jyj­vn � Ônvwhi-bvwhiÕ (m`v-me©`v me©Î we`¨gvb
I mewKQzi `k©K) bb; eis wZwb ivIhv gyevivKvi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb Ges D¤§v‡Zi Kg© Zuvi wbKU nvwhi Kiv nq, wZwb D¤§v‡Zi
wbKU nvwhi (Dcw¯’Z) nb bv|
cÂg `jxj: gnvb Avj­vn KziAvb Kvix‡g e‡jb:
�ﻡﱡﺘ�ﻨ�ﻌﹶﻟ ﹺﺭ�ﻤَﻷﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹴﺭﻴ�ﺜﹶﻜ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻌﻴ�ﻁ�ﻴ �ﻭﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻡﹸﻜﻴ�ﻓ �ﻥَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻋﺍ�ﻭ
ÒGes †Zvgiv †R‡b ivL †h, †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ Avj­vni ivm~j i‡q‡Qb; wZwb eû wel‡q †Zvgv‡`i K_v ïb‡j †ZvgivB Kó
†c‡Z ....|Ó 360
G AvqvZ Øviv Zuviv cÖgvY Ki‡Z Pvb †h, ivm~jyj­vn � me©Î weivRgvb| A_P G Avqv‡Zi A_© LyeB ¯úó| my¯úóZB

GLv‡b mvnvex‡`i‡K m‡¤^vab Kiv n‡q‡Q| G AvqvZ I Av‡Mi I c‡ii AvqvZ¸wj †_‡K Zv my¯úó| mvnvexMYI KL‡bv ey‡Sb wb
†h, Ô‡Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ i‡q‡QbÕ A_© cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki mv‡_ i‡q‡Qb ev me©Î i‡q‡Qb|
lô `jxj: nv`xm kix‡d ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, g„Zz¨i c‡i Kei¯’ e¨w³‡K wdwikZvMY Zvi cÖwZcvjK, `xb I bex m¤ú‡K©
cÖkœ Ki‡eb| G wel‡q eviv Beby Avwhe (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb †h, Zv‡K wZbwU cÖkœ Kiv n‡e:
102
�ﻙ�ﻴﹺﺒﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻙﹸﻨﻴ�ﺩ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Ò†Zvgvi cÖwZcvjK †K? Ges †Zvgvi `xb Kx? Ges †Zvgvi bex †K?Ó 361
G nv`x‡mi †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv eY©bvq ejv n‡q‡Q †h, Z…Zxq cÖkœwUi fvlv n‡e wbgœiƒc:
؟ُل�ﺠ�ﺭﻟﺍ
ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤ
ÒGB e¨w³ †K (Zuvi c`gh©v`v Kx)?Ó 362
nvwhi-bvwhi g‡Zi AbymvwiMY `vwe K‡ib †h, GLv‡b ÔnvhvÕ ( ﺍﺫـﻫ) ev ÔGBÕ (this) ejv n‡q‡Q, Avi wbKUeZ©x †Kv‡bv
wKQzi cÖwZ Bw½Z Ki‡ZB G kãwU e¨envi Kiv nq| G‡Z eySv hvq †h, cÖ‡kœi mgq ivm~jyj­vn � wbK‡UB _vK‡eb| G‡Z
cÖgvwYZ nq †h, wZwb m`v me©`v meÎ weivRgvb I me wKQzi `k©K, A_©vr nvwhi-bvwhi!
GLv‡b K‡qKwU welq jYxq:
cÖ_gZ, Zuv‡`i G `vwewU cÖgvY K‡i †h, Zuviv KziAvb, nv`xm I Aviex e¨envi wewai mv‡_ fvjfv‡e cwiwPZ bb,
A_ev G wel‡q Zuv‡`i Ávb †Mvcb Ki‡Z Pvb| ÔnvhvÕ ev ÔGBÕ kãwU †KejgvÎ ˆ`wnKfv‡e wbKUeZ©x e¨w³ ev e¯‘i cÖwZ
Bw½Z Ki‡ZB e¨envi Kiv nq bv, Dciš‘ gvbwmKfv‡e wbKUeZ©x ev ˆ`wnK I gvbwmKfv‡e `~ieZ©xi cÖwZ Bw½‡Zi Rb¨I
e¨envi Kiv nq| Ab¨ †Kv‡bv D`vniY bv w`‡q AweKj GB evK¨wUB eyLvix I Ab¨vb¨ gynvwÏm msKwjZ Ab¨ nv`xm †_‡K
DׄZ KiwQ| Avgi Beby mvjvgv (iv) gi“evmx Avie †Mv‡Îi gvbyl wQ‡jb| ivm~jyj­vn � Bmjvg cÖPvi ïi“ Ki‡j G Lei
Zv‡`i Kv‡bI †cuŠQvq| Zviv †mB `~i gi“cÖvš—‡i e‡mB Zuvi wel‡q wewfbœ Kv‡djvi gvbyl‡`i‡K cÖkœ Ki‡Zb| G wel‡q wZwb
e‡jb,
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻋ�ﺯ�ﻴ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴﹶﻓ ؟ُل�ﺠ�ﺭﻟﺍ
ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤ ؟ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻠِﻟ
ﺎ�ﻤ ؟ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻠِﻟ
ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴﹶﻨﹶﻓ �ﻥﺎ�ﺒﹾﻜ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨﹺﺒ �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻴ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ ﺎﱠﻨﹸﻜ
�ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ﻰ�ﺤ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻪﹶﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ
ÒAvgiv gvby‡li hvZvqv‡Zi c‡_ GK Rjvav‡ii cv‡k emevm KiZvg| Avgv‡`i wbKU w`‡q Kv‡djv¸wj AwZµg
KiZ| Avgiv Zv‡`i‡K cÖkœ KiZvg: gvbyl‡`i Lei wK? gvbyl‡`i Lei wK? ÒGB e¨w³ †K (Zuvi c`gh©v`v Kx)?Ó Zviv
ejZ, wZwb `vwe K‡ib †h, Avj­vn Zuv‡K ivm~j iƒ‡c †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb Ges Zvi Kv‡Q Inx cvwV‡q‡Qb...|Ó 363
GLv‡b Avgiv †`LwQ †h, my`~i g°vq Aew¯’Z gynv¤§v` (�) m¤ú‡K© cÖkœ Ki‡Z ÔnvhvÕ kãwU e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Kv‡RB ïay ÔnvhvÕ k‡ãi Dci wbf©i K‡i wewfbœ hyw³ ZK© w`‡q Giƒc GKwU ag© wek¦vm ˆZwi Kivi cÖwµqv mwVK bq|
wØZxqZ, hw` G K_v a‡i †bIqv nq †h, g„Z e¨w³‡K cÖkœ Kivi mgq ivm~jyj­vn � Zvi wbKUeZ©x n‡eb ZeyI GØviv
†Kv‡bvfv‡eB Ônvwhi-bvwhiÕ-Gi ZË¡ cÖgvY Kiv hvq bv| cvi‡jŠwKK Rxeb I g„Zz¨ cieZ©x RMrwU m¤ú~Y©fv‡eB G cvw_©e Rxeb
I RMZ †_‡K wfbœ| †m RM‡Zi `k©b, ‰bKU¨ BZ¨vw` G RMr †_‡K m¤ú~Y© wfbœ cÖK…wZi| c~e©eZ©x hy‡Mi gynvwÏmMY Giƒc `k©b
ev ˆbK‡U¨i A‡bK e¨vL¨v w`‡q‡Qb, wKš‘ g„Z‡K cÖ‡kœi mgq ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K `k©b Kiv ev wbKUeZ©x nIqv Øviv m`v-me©`v wZwb
g„Z‡`i wbKU Dcw¯’Z ev me©Î weivRgvb e‡j `vwe Kivi gZ Kíbv Kv‡iv g‡b D`q n‡q‡Q e‡j Rvbv hvq bv|
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, G gZ hviv †cvlY K‡i‡Qb, Zuviv Zuv‡`i K_v¸wji c‡ GKwUI ب_©nxb my¯úó AvqvZ ev
nv`xm †ck Ki‡Qb bv| Zuviv AcÖvmw½K ev ب_©‡evaK wKQz AvqvZ ev nv`xm‡K gbMovfv‡e e¨vL¨v K‡ib Ges Gici Giƒc
e¨vL¨vi Dc‡i wbf©i K‡i Zuviv AMwYZ AvqvZ I mnxn nv`xm evwZj K‡i †`b| hviv Giƒc e¨vL¨vi gva¨‡g ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi
gh©v`v e„w× Ki‡Z Pvb Zuv‡`i A‡b‡Ki †bK wbq¨vZ I fw³-fvjevmvi wel‡q †Kv‡bv m‡›`n †bB| Z‡e Zuviv fvj D‡Ï‡k¨ Inxi
bv‡g wg_¨v e‡j‡Qb Ges ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi bv‡g Ggb K_v e‡j‡Qb hv wZwb KL‡bvB wb‡Ri wel‡q e‡jb wb| m‡e©vcwi Zviv
Ggb wKQz K_v `vwe Ki‡Qb †h¸wj‡K mwVK cÖgvY Ki‡Z ïay KziAvb I nv`x‡mi AMwYZ wkvB bq, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mgMÖ
Rxe‡bi mKj NUbviB wewfbœ e¨vL¨v Kiv Ri“ix n‡q c‡o| KviY me©cÖKv‡ii Bjgyj MvB‡ei AwaKvix n‡j Ges m`vme©`v meÎ
weivRgvb n‡j byeyIqvZ, Bmiv, wgÕivR, wnRiZ, n¾, Igiv BZ¨vw` meB A_©nxb n‡q hvq|
KziAvb-mybœvn, mvnvexM‡bi c×wZ I Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi g~jbxwZi wfwˇZ gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv G
wel‡q Inxi mKj wb‡`©kbv me©vš—Ki‡Y wek¦vm Kiv| gymwjg wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Avwjgyj MvBe GKgvÎ Avj­vn| gnvb Avj­vn
Qvov †KD MvBe Rv‡bb bv| wZwb Av‡iv wek¦vm K‡ib †h, gnvb Avj­vn ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K `ywbqv, AvwLivZ, RvbœvZ, Rvnvbœvg,
f~Z, fwel¨r BZ¨vw`i A‡bK wKQy Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb| mvaviY gvby‡li Áv‡bi E‡aŸ©, eis Ab¨ mKj bex-ivm~‡ji Áv‡bi E‡aŸ©

A‡bK Ávb Zuv‡K Avj­vn `vb K‡ib| Avgiv Av‡MB †`‡LwQ wZwb AmsL¨ fwel¨ØvYx K‡i‡Qb hv ev¯—evwqZ n‡q‡Q Ges Zuvi
Av‡iv A‡bK fwel¨ØvYx i‡q‡Q hv fwel¨‡Z ev¯—evwqZ n‡e e‡j cÖwZwU gymwjg `„pfv‡e wek¦vm K‡ib| Z‡e Avj­vni Rvbv‡bv
Áv‡bi evB‡i †Kv‡bv MvBex Bjg Zuvi wQj bv| Zuvi cÖwZcvjK gnvb Avj­vn Zv‡K KZUzKz Rvwb‡q‡Qb Zv wb‡q KziAvb I
nv`x‡mi e³‡e¨i AwZwi³ †Kv‡bv Kíbv ev e¨vL¨v gywgb Ki‡Z Pvb bv| †h‡nZz KziAvb I nv`x‡m Gfv‡e ejv n‡q‡Q, ZvB
Avgiv Gfv‡eB wek¦vm Kie, Gi evB‡i wKQy evwo‡q wKQy eje bv Avgiv, KviY Zv‡Z Avgiv evovevwo I AwZfw³i g‡a¨
wbcwZZ ne, hv Ki‡Z ivm~jyj­vn � Avgv‡`i wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| KziAvb I nv`x‡m †h kã, evK¨ ev we‡klY e¨envi Kiv nq
wb ev mvnvexMY †h K_v Zuvi wel‡q e‡jb wb †m¸wj bv ej‡j Avgv‡`i †Kv‡bv wZ n‡e bv| wKš‘ ej‡Z †M‡j ivm~jyj­vn �-
Gi wkv, c_ I Av`‡k©i e¨wZµ‡gi Aciv‡a Acivax nIqvi mg~n m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q|
3. 2. 12. 4. Zuvi IdvZ welqK weZK©
KziAv‡b ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi g„Zz¨i welq D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ÒZzwg †Zv giYkxj Ges ZvivI giYkxjÓ 364
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﺭـ�ﻀ�ﻴ �ﻥﹶﻠﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﻴ �ﺒ�ﻘ�ﻋ
103
�ﻥﻭﹸﺘ�ﻴ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ ﹲﺕ�ﻴ�ﻤ �ﻙﱠﻨِﺇ
ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺏ�ﻠﹶﻘﹾﻨ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹺﺒﺎﹶﻘ�ﻋَﺃ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﺒﹶﻠﹶﻘﹾﻨﺍ َل�ﺘﹸﻗ �ﻭَﺃ ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓَﺃ ُل�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹾﺕﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﺩﹶﻗ ٌلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﻻِﺇ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻜﺎﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻱﹺﺯ�ﺠ�ﻴ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
Ògynv¤§v` GKRb ivm~j gvÎ; Zvi c~‡e© ivm~jMY MZ n‡q‡Q| myZivs hw` †m gviv hvq A_ev wbnZ nq Z‡e wK †Zvgiv c„ô
cÖ`k©b Ki‡e? Ges †KD c„ô cÖ`k©b Ki‡j †m KL‡bv Avj­vni wZ Ki‡e bv, eis Avj­vn kxNÖB K…ZÁw`M‡K cyi¯‹…Z
Ki‡eb|Ó 365
�ﻥﻭ�ﺩِﻟﺎﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻓ ﱠﺕ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓَﺃ �ﺩﹾﻠﹸﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹴﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒِﻟ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒAvwg †Zvgvi c~‡e© †Kv‡bv gvbyl‡K AgiZ¡ ev Abš— Rxeb cÖ`vb Kwi wb; myZivs †Zvgvi g„Zz¨ n‡j Zviv Kx wPiRxex
n‡q _vK‡e?Ó 366
KziAv‡b A‡bK Avqv‡Z ¯úó D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, knx`MY g„Z bb, Zviv RxweZ I wih&K cÖvß nb| bexM‡Yi wel‡q
KziAvb Kvix‡g wKQz bv ejv n‡jI mnxn nv`x‡m Zuv‡`i g„Zz¨ cieZ©x Rxeb m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q| Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv)
e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡jb,
ﻥﻭـﱡﻠـ�ﺼـ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫﹺﺭ�ﻭـ�ﺒـﹸﻗ
�ﻲـ�ﻓ �ﺀﺎـ�ﻴـ�ﺤَﺃ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴـﹺﺒـﹾﻨَﻷﺍ
ÒbexMY Zuv‡`i Ke‡ii g‡a¨ RxweZ, Zuviv mvjvZ Av`vq K‡ib|Ó nv`xmwUi mb` mnxn| 367
Ab¨ GKwU hqxd mb‡`i nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡q‡Q:
لـﺠﻭ ﺯـﻋ ﷲﺍ ﻱﺩﻴ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻥﻭﱡﻠـ�ﺼ�ﻴ ﻡﻬﻨﻜﻟﻭ ﹰﺔﹶﻠ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﻥﻴ�ﻌـﹺﺒ�ﺭَﺃ �ﺩ�ﻌـ�ﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫﹺﺭ�ﻭ�ﺒـﹸﻗ �ﻲـ�ﻓ �ﻥ�ﻭـﹸﻜ�ﺭـﹾﺘـ�ﻴ ﹶﻻ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴـﹺﺒـﹾﻨَﻷﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
ﺭﻭﺼﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺦﻔﻨﻴ ﻰﺘﺤ
ÒbexMY‡K 40 iv‡Zi c‡i Zuv‡`i Ke‡ii g‡a¨ ivLv nq bv; wKš‘ Zviv gnvb Avj­vni m¤§y‡L mvjv‡Z iZ _v‡Kb; wksMvq
dzuK †`Iqv ch©š—|Ó
nv`xmwUi eY©bvKvix Avng` Beby Avjx Avj-nvmbex wg_¨vev`x I RvwjqvZ e‡j cwiwPZ| GRb¨ †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv
gynvwÏm G‡K gvDh~ e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb| Ab¨vb¨ gynvwÏm GB A‡_©i Ab¨vb¨ nv`x‡mi mgš^‡q G‡K `ye©j e‡j D‡j­L
K‡i‡Qb| 368
wewfbœ nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, ivmyjyj­vn (�) wgÕiv‡Ri ivw·Z g~mv (Av)-‡K wbR Ke‡i mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z †`‡L‡Qb
Ges Cmv (Av)-‡KI `uvwo‡q mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z †`‡L‡Qb| Avj­vgv evBnvKx I Ab¨vb¨ gynvwÏm GB `k©b‡K Dc‡ii nv`x‡mi
mg_©bKvix e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb| 369
nv`x‡m D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, wZwb †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv c~e©eZ©x bex‡K n¾ cvjbiZ Ae¯’vq †`‡L‡Qb| G mKj
nv`xm‡KI †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwjg bexM‡Yi g„Zz¨-cieZ©x Rxe‡bi wb`k©b e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb| Beby nvRvi AvmKvjvbx e‡jb,

GB `k©‡bi wel‡q Kvhx Bqvh e‡jb, GB `k©‡bi e¨vL¨vq wewfbœ K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| GKwU e¨vL¨v n‡jv, bexMY knx`M‡Yi
†P‡qI gh©v`vevb| Kv‡RB bexM‡Yi Rb¨ Bwš—Kv‡ji c‡iI GBiƒc Bev`‡Zi my‡hvM cvIqv `~ieZ©x wKQz bq| wØZxq e¨vL¨v
n‡jv, Zuviv RxweZ Ae¯’vq †hfv‡e n¾ K‡i‡Qb ivm~jyj­vn (�)-‡K Zvi m~ivZ †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| †KD e‡j‡Qb, ivm~jyj­vn
(�)-†K Inxi gva¨‡g hv Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q Zv‡K wZwb `k©‡bi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb| 370
ivm~jyj­vni (�) IdvZ cieZ©x Rxeb m¤ú‡K© we‡klfv‡e wKQz nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Avey ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb,
ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡jb :
104
�ﻡﻼ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺩ�ﺭَﺃ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ ﻲ�ﺤﻭ�ﺭ �ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺭ ﻻِﺇ �ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﱢﻠ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ
ÒhLbB †Kv‡bv gvbyl Avgv‡K mvjvg K‡i ZLbB Avj­vn Avgvi iƒn‡K Avgvi Kv‡Q wdwi‡q †`b, †hb Avwg Zvi mvjv‡gi cÖwZDËi
w`‡Z cvwi|Ó 371
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avey ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
ﻪﺘﻤﻠﻋﺃ ﺩﻴﻌﺒ ﻥﻤ �ﻲﻠﻋ ﻰﻠﺼ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﻪﺘﻌﻤﺴ ﻱﺭﺒﻗ ﺩﻨﻋ �ﻲﻠﻋ ﻰﻠﺼ ﻥﻤ
Ò†KD Avgvi Ke‡ii wbKU †_‡K Avgvi Dci `i“` cvV Ki‡j Avwg ïb‡Z cvB| Avi hw` †KD `~i †_‡K Avgvi Dci
`i“` cvV K‡i Zvn‡j Avgv‡K Rvbvb nq|Ó 372
nv`xmwUi GKwU mb` LyeB `ye©j n‡jI Ab¨ Av‡iKwU MÖnY‡hvM¨ mb‡`i Kvi‡Y Beby nvRvi, mvLvex, myq~Zx cÖgyL
gynvwÏm nv`xmwU‡K nvmvb e‡j‡Qb| 373
AvDm (�) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb :
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹲﺔ�ﻀﻭ�ﺭ�ﻌ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﺘﻼ�ﺼ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ �ﺓﻼ�ﺼﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﻭ�ﺭ�ﺜﹾﻜَﺄﹶﻓ .... �ﺔ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴَﺃ ِل�ﻀﹾﻓَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺇ
�ﺩﺎـ�ﺴ�ﺠَﺃ َلﹸﻜْﺄﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﺭ�ﺤ
�ﺩﹶﻗ ﱠل�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﺯ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﹶﺕﻴ�ﻠ�ﺒ �ﺩﹶﻗ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻱَﺃ ﹶﺕ�ﻤ�ﺭَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻗ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨﹸﺘﻼ�ﺼ �ﺽ�ﺭ�ﻌﹸﺘ ﹶﻑ�ﻴﹶﻜ�ﻭ
ﻡﻼ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨ َﻷﺍ
Ò†Zvgv‡`i w`b¸wji g‡a¨ m‡e©vËg w`b n‡jv ïµevi|... Kv‡RB, GB w`‡b †Zvgiv Avgvi Dci †ewk K‡i `i“` cvV
Ki‡e, KviY †Zvgv‡`i `i“` Avgvi Kv‡Q †ck Kiv n‡e|Ó mvnvexMY e‡jb : Ò†n Avj­vni ivm~j, Avcwb †Zv (Ke‡ii gvwU‡Z)
wejyß n‡q hv‡eb, wg‡k hv‡eb, Kx-fv‡e ZLb Avgv‡`i `i“` Avcbvi wbKU †ck Kiv n‡e? wZwb e‡jb: Ògnvb Avj­vn gvwUi Rb¨
wbwl× K‡i‡Qb bex‡`i †`n fY Kiv|Ó 374
Av‡iv A‡bK mnxn nv`x‡m ejv n‡q‡Q †h, gywgb we‡k¦i †hLv‡b †_‡KB `i“` I mvjvg cvV Ki‡eb, wdwikZvMY †mB
mvjvZ I mvjvg ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi ivIhv gyevivKvq †cuŠwQ‡q †`‡eb|
Dc‡ii nv`xm¸wj †_‡K cÖgvwYZ nq †h, ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi B‡š—Kv‡ji c‡i Zuv‡K GK cÖKv‡ii Rxeb `vb Kiv
n‡q‡Q| GB Rxeb evihvLx Rxeb, hv GKwU we‡kl m¤§vb I Mv‡qex RM‡Zi GKwU Ae¯’v| G wel‡q nv`x‡m hZUzKz ejv
n‡q‡Q ZZUzKzB ej‡Z n‡e| nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv eje, GB Acvw_©e I A‡jŠwKK Rxe‡b Zuvi mvjvZ Av`v‡qi my‡hvM
i‡q‡Q| †KD mvjvg w`‡j Avj­vn Zuvi iƒn gyevivK‡K wdwi‡q †`b mvjv‡gi Reve †`Iqvi Rb¨| ivIhvi cv‡k †KD `i“` ev
mvjvZ cvV Ki‡j wZwb Zv ï‡bb, Avi `~i †_‡K cvV Ki‡j Zv Zuvi wbKU †cuŠQv‡bv nq| Gi †ewk wKQzB ejv hv‡e bv| evwK
welq Avj­vni Dci †Q‡o w`‡Z n‡e| eyS‡Z n‡e †h, D¤§v‡Zi Rvbvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB e‡jB ivm~jyj­vn (�) evwK welq¸wj
e‡jb wb|
wKš‘ eZ©gvb hy‡M †KD †KD G wel‡q Inxi AwZwi³ K_v e‡jb, Ges †m¸wj‡K ÔAvKx`vÕ ev wek¦v‡mi Ask e‡j MY¨
K‡ib| Giƒc welq¸wji Ab¨Zg n‡jv, ivm~jyj­vn (�) I bexM‡Yi Bwš—Kvj cieZ©x GB evihvLx Rxeb‡K cvw_©e ev RvMwZK
Rxe‡bi gZB g‡b Kiv| G wel‡q Zuviv hv wKQz e‡jb meB Inxi e³‡e¨i e¨vL¨v ev hyw³ gvÎ, Ges Zv‡`i G mKj e¨vL¨v I
hyw³ mvnvexM‡Yi gZvgZ I Kg©avivi wecixZ|
ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi Bwš—Kv‡ji c‡ii NUbv¸wj eyLvix, gymwjg I Ab¨vb¨ nv`xmMÖ‡š’ cvV Ki‡jB Avgiv AZ¨š—
¯úófv‡e eyS‡Z cvwi †h, mvnvexMY ivm~jyj­vn (�)-‡K KL‡bvB RvMwZK Rxe‡bi AwaKvix e‡j g‡b K‡ib wb| Ljxdv
wbe©vP‡bi welq, †Mvm‡ji welq, `vd‡bi welq, cieZ©x mKj NUbvi g‡a¨B Avgiv Zv †`L‡Z cvB| ivm~jyj­vni (�)
RxeÏkvq Zuvi civgk©, †`vqv I AbygwZ Qvov Zuviv wKQzB Ki‡Zb bv| wKš‘ Zuvi Bwš—Kv‡ji c‡i KL‡bv †Kv‡bv mvnvex Zuvi
ivIhvq †`vqv, civgk© ev AbygwZ MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Av‡mb wb| mvnvexMY wewfbœ mgm¨vq c‡o‡Qb, hy×weMÖn K‡i‡Qb ev wec`MÖ¯—
n‡q‡Qb| KL‡bvB Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`xb ev mvnvexMY `j‡eu‡a ev GKvKx ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi ivIhv gyeviv‡K †h‡q Zuvi Kv‡Q

†`vqv-civgk© Pvbwb|
Avey eK‡ii (iv) wLjvdZ MÖn‡Yi c‡iB KwVbZg wec‡` wbcwZZ nq gymwjg D¤§vn| GKw`‡K evB‡ii kΓ,
Aciw`‡K gymwjg mgv‡Ri g‡a¨ we‡`ªvn, m‡e©vcwi cÖvq Avav WRb fÊ bex| gymwjg D¤§vni Aw¯—‡Z¡i msKU| wKš‘ GKwU
w`‡bi Rb¨I Avey eKi (iv) mvnvexMY‡K wb‡q ev wb‡R ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi ivIhvq †h‡q Zuvi Kv‡Q †`vqv Pvbwb| GgbwK
Avj­vni Kv‡Q †`vqv Kivi Rb¨I ivIhv kix‡d mg‡eZ n‡q †Kv‡bv Abyôvb K‡ibwb| Kx KwVb wec` I hy‡×i g‡a¨ w`b
KvwU‡q‡Qb Avjx (iv)| A_P Zuvi me‡P‡q AvcbRb ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi ivIhvq †h‡q Zuvi Kv‡Q †`vqv Pvbwb ev Avj­vni
Kv‡Q †`vqvi Rb¨ ivIhv kix‡d †Kv‡bv Abyôvb K‡ib wb|
ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi Bwš—Kv‡ji c‡i dvwZgv, Avjx I AveŸvm (iv) Ljxdv Ave~ evK&i (iv)-Gi wbKU ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi
cwiZ¨³ m¤úwËi DËivwaKvi †P‡q‡Qb| G wb‡q Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ A‡bK gZ‡f` I g‡bvgvwjb¨ n‡q‡Q| D¤§yj gywgbxb Av‡qkvi (iv)
mv‡_ Avgxi“j gywgbxb Avjxi (iv) KwVb hy× n‡q‡Q, Avgxi gyqvweqvi (iv) mv‡_I Zuvi hy× n‡q‡Q| GmKj hy‡× A‡bK mvnvex mn
AmsL¨ gymwjg wbnZ n‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ GmKj KwVb mg‡q Zuv‡`i †KD KL‡bv ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi Kv‡Q G‡m civgk© Pvb wb| wZwb
wb‡RI KL‡bv GmKj KwVb gyû‡Z© Zuvi Kb¨v, RvgvZv, PvPv, Ljxdv KvD‡K †Kv‡bv civgk© †`b wb| GgbwK Kv‡iv Kv‡Q
iƒnvbxfv‡eI cÖKvwkZ n‡q wKQz e‡jb wb| Av‡iv jYxq †h, cÖ_g kZvãx¸wji RvwjqvZMY G mKj gnvb mvnvexi c‡ I
wec‡ A‡bK Rvj nv`xm evwb‡q‡Q, wKš‘ †Kv‡bv RvwjqvZI cÖPvi K‡i wb †h, ivm~jyj­vn (�) Bwš—Kv‡ji c‡i ivIhv kixd †_‡K
ev mvnvexM‡Yi gvRwj‡m G‡m AgyK mvnvexi c‡ ev wec‡ hy× Ki‡Z ev Kg© Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| 375
mvnvexMY ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi RxeÏkvq me©`v wewfbœ wel‡q Zuvi wbKU `yÔAv PvB‡Zb| KziAvb ev nv`x‡m †Kv_vI
Nybv‡iI wb‡`©k †`Iqv nq wb †h, †Zvgiv wec‡` co‡j ivIhv kix‡d †h‡q ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi wbKU `yÔAv PvB‡e|
mvnvexMYI KL‡bv Giƒc K‡ib wb|
gnvb Avj­vn KzivAvb Kvix‡g e‡j‡Qb
ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﺤ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﺒﺍ�ﻭﹶﺘ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺠ�ﻭﹶﻟ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﺭﹶﻔﹾﻐﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹶﻔﹾﻐﹶﺘ�ﺴﺎﹶﻓ �ﻙﻭ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻨَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠﹶﻅ ﹾﺫِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨَﺃ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭ
Òhw` Zviv cv‡c wjß nIqvi c‡i Avcbvi Kv‡Q G‡m Avj­vni Kv‡Q gv cÖv_©bv KiZ Ges ivm~jI Zv‡`i Rb¨ gv PvB‡Zb
Zvn‡j Zviv Avj­vn‡K ZvIev Ke~jKvix Ki“Yvgq wnmv‡e †cZ|Ó 376
GLv‡b cvcx gywgb‡K Drmvn †`Iqv n‡q‡Q ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wbKU G‡m Zuv‡K Zvi Rb¨ Avj­vni wbKU gv PvB‡Z Aby‡iva
Ki‡Z| mvnvexMY Zuvi RxeÏkvq Giƒc Ki‡Zb| wKš‘ Zuvi Idv‡Zi c‡i GKwU NUbv‡Z GKRb mvnvexI Zuvi ivIhvq †h‡q e‡jb
wb †h, †n Avj­vni ivm~j Avwg cvc K‡iwQ, ZvIev KiwQ Avcwb Avgvi Rb¨ gv Pvb| mvnvexM‡Yi hy‡Mi A‡bK c‡i †Kv‡bv
†Kv‡bv gvby‡li g‡a¨ Giƒc Kg© cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q| 377 G †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi IdvZ cieZx Rxeb‡K
KL‡bvB mvnvexMY RvMwZK Rxe‡bi gZ g‡b K‡ib wb|
3. 2. 12. 5. Zuvi `vwqZ¡ I gZv welqK weZK©
Dc‡i wewfbœ Aby‡”Q‡` Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, gnvb Avj­vn bex-ivm~jMY‡K mvaviYfv‡e Ges gnvbex gynv¤§v` (�)-‡K
we‡klfv‡e A‡bK gh©v`v, A‡jŠwKK ˆewkó¨ I gywRhv `vb K‡i‡Qb| cieZ©x wewfbœ cwi‡”Q‡` Ges we‡klZ wkiK-Kzdi
welqK Aa¨v‡q Avgiv †`Le †h, bex-ivm~jM‡Yi A‡jŠwKK ˆewkó¨ I gywRhv‡K ÔgZvÕ I AwaKvi aviYv K‡i c~e©eZ©x
D¤§v‡Zi gvby‡liv wki‡K wbcwZZ nq| G Rb¨ KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q gywRhv, kvdvÔAvZ ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv
wKQzB bex-ivm~jM‡Yi B”Qvaxb ev gZvaxb bq, eis Avj­vni B”Qvaxb I gZvaxb| wek¦ cwiPvjbv ev Kv‡iv g½j Ag½‡ji
gZv ev `vwqZ¡ gnvb Avj­vn bex-ivm~jMY‡K †`b wb| G wel‡q A‡bK AvqvZ Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ| gnvb Avj­vn
e‡jb:
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﻀ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻌﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻲ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨ ِﻟ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﻤَﺃ ﻻ ْلﹸﻗ
ÔÔej, Avj­vn hv B”Qv K‡ib Zv e¨ZxZ Avgvi wb‡Ri fvj-g‡›`i Dc‡iI Avgvi †Kv‡bv AwaKvi †bB|Ó 378
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ
ﺎ�ﻌﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻻ�ﻭ
ﺍ�ﺭ�ﻀ ﻲ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨِﻟ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﻤَﺃ ﻻ ْلﹸﻗ
Òej, Avj­vn hv B”Qv K‡i Zv e¨ZxZ Avgvi wb‡Ri fvjg‡›`i Dci Avgvi †Kv‡bv AwaKvi †bB|Ó 379
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
�ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎﹰﻏﻼ�ﺒ ﻻِﺇ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤﹶﺘﹾﻠ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺩﹺﺠَﺃ �ﻥﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺭﻴﹺﺠ�ﻴ �ﻥﹶﻟ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ ْلﹸﻗ ﺍ�ﺩﹶﺸ�ﺭ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﻀ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﻤَﺃ ﻻ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ ْلﹸﻗ
105

106
�ﻪ�ﺘﻻﺎ�ﺴﹺﺭ�ﻭ
ÔÔej, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Bó-Awb‡ói gZv ev gvwjKvbv Avgvi †bB| ej: Avj­vn †_‡K †KDB Avgv‡K iv Ki‡Z
ci‡e bv Ges Avj­vn e¨ZxZ Avwg †Kv‡bv AvkªqI cve bv, †Kej Avj­vni c †_‡K †cuŠQv‡bv Ges Zuvi evYx cÖPvi (Avgv‡K
iv Ki‡e)|Ó 380
KziAvb I nv`x‡m evisevi ب_©nxbfv‡e †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, GKgvÎ Avj­vnB gvbyl‡K wec` †_‡K D×vi Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
wZwb Qvov Avi †KDB †Kv‡bv gvbyl‡K wec`-Kó †_‡K D×vi Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Gi wecix‡Z KL‡bvB †Kv‡bvfv‡e KziAvb I nv`x‡m
GKwU ¯’v‡bI ejv nq wb †h, ivm~jyj­vn � ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv bex ev Ijx †Kv‡bvfv‡e KvD‡K wec` †_‡K D×vi Kivi gZv iv‡Lb ev
Avj­vn KvD‡K Giƒc †Kv‡bv gZv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| G A‡_©i AvqvZ I nv`xm A‡bK| GK¯’v‡b Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡﹸﻜﻴ�ﺠﹶﻨ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِلﹸﻗ �ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻜﺎﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﹶﻨﻭﹸﻜﹶﻨﹶﻟ �ﻩ�ﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨﺎ�ﺠﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥِﺌﹶﻟ ﹰﺔ�ﻴﹾﻔﹸﺨ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻋ�ﺭ�ﻀﹶﺘ �ﻪﹶﻨﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﹺﺭ�ﺤ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﺕﺎ�ﻤﹸﻠﹸﻅ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﻴ�ﺠﹶﻨ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ ْلﹸﻗ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸﹸﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﹴﺏ�ﺭﹶﻜ ﱢلﹸﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ
Òej, †K †Zvgv‡`i ÎvY K‡i ¯’jfv‡Mi Ges mg~‡`ªi AÜKvi n‡Z hLb †Zvgiv KvZifv‡e Ges †Mvc‡b Zvi wbKU
Abybq Ki: ÔAvgv‡`i‡K G †_‡K ÎvY Ki‡j Avgiv Aek¨B K…ZÁw`‡Mi Aš—f©y³ neÕ? ej, ÔAvj­vnB †Zvgv‡i`‡K Zv †_‡K
Ges mg¯— `ytL-Kó wec`-Avc` †_‡K ÎvY K‡ib| GZ`m‡Ë¡I †Zvgiv Zvi kixK Ki|Ó 381
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭﱠﻜﹶﺫﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻼﻴ�ﻠﹶﻗ
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻊ�ﻤ �ﻪﻟﺇَﺃ ﹺﺽ�ﺭ ﻷﺍ
�ﺀﺎﹶﻔﹶﻠﹸﺨ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﺀﻭ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹸﻑ�ﺸﹾﻜ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻩﺎ�ﻋ�ﺩ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﺭﹶﻁ�ﻀ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺏﻴﹺﺠ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡَﺃ
ÒwZwbB Av‡Z©i AvnŸv‡b mvov †`b hLb †m Zv‡K Wv‡K Ges wec`-Avc` `~ixf~Z K‡ib Ges †Zvgv‡`i‡K c„w_exZ
(c~e©eZ©x‡`i) ¯’jvwfwl³ K‡ib| Avj­vni mv‡_ wK †Kv‡bv Bjvn Av‡Q? †Zvgiv Dc‡`k AwZ mvgvb¨B MÖnY K‡i _vK|Ó 382
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺭﻴ�ﺩﹶﻗ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﱢلﹸﻜ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻭ�ﻬﹶﻓ ﹴﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨﹺﺒ �ﻙ�ﺴ�ﺴ�ﻤ�ﻴ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟ ﹶﻑ�ﺸﺎﹶﻜ ﻼﹶﻓ �ﺭ�ﻀﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﺴ�ﺴ�ﻤ�ﻴ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒAvj­vn †Zvgv‡K wec`-Kó w`‡j wZwb e¨ZxZ Zv †gvPbKvix Avi †KD †bB| Avi wZwb hw` †Zvgvi Kj¨vY K‡ib
Z‡e wZwbB †Zv me© wel‡q kw³gvb|Ó 383
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻪ�ﻠ�ﻀﹶﻔِﻟ �ﺩﺍ�ﺭ ﻼﹶﻓ
ﹴﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨﹺﺒ �ﻙ�ﺩﹺﺭ�ﻴ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﻻِﺇ
�ﻪﹶﻟ ﹶﻑ�ﺸﺎﹶﻜ ﻼﹶﻓ
�ﺭ�ﻀﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﺴ�ﺴ�ﻤ�ﻴ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒGes Avj­vn †Zvgv‡K wec`-Avc` w`‡j wZwb e¨ZxZ Zv †gvPbKvix †KD †bB Ges Avj­vn hw` †Zvgvi gÁj Pvb
Z‡e Zuvi AbyMÖn i` Kivi †KD †bB|Ó 384
Giƒc eûmsL¨K my¯úó I ب_©nxb Avqv‡Zi wecix‡Z GKwU Avqv‡ZI gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb wb †h, Avwg wec` Îv‡bi ev
Kó`ytL `~i Kivi `vwqZ¡, AwaKvi ev gZv gynv¤§v` (�) ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv bex, bex es‡ki Bgvg ev †Kv‡bv Ijx‡K cÖ`vb
K‡iwQ| Dcš‘ evisevi ejv n‡q‡Q †h, Giƒc †Kv‡bv AwaKvi, my‡hvM ev gZv Avj­vn KvD‡K KL‡bvB cÖ`vb K‡ib wb| Dc‡i
Dwj­wLZ A‡bK AvqvZ I nv`x‡m Zv Avgiv †`‡LwQ|
gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi bex-ivm~jM‡Yi Ges we‡klZ gnvbex gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi `yÔAv Keyj Ki‡Zb| Z‡e `yÔAv Keyj Kiv
ev bv Kiv cy‡ivcywiB Avj­vni GLwZqv‡i| wZwb Avj­vni wcÖqZg ev›`v| Zvi A‡bK †`vqv Avj­vn Keyj K‡i‡Qb| Avevi
KL‡bv KL‡bv Keyj K‡ib wb| Avãyj­vn web Dgi (iv) e‡j‡Qb, ivm~jyj­vn � dR‡ii †kl ivKv‡Zi i“Kz †_‡K IVvi c‡i
KwZcq Kvwd‡ii Rb¨ e`‡`vqv K‡i ej‡Zb: †n Avj­vn, Avcwb AgyK, AgyK‡K jvbZ Ki“b| ZLb Avj­vn Zuv‡K wb‡la
K‡ib Ges e‡jb 385 :
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤِﻟﺎﹶﻅ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺒﱢﺫ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺏﻭﹸﺘ�ﻴ �ﻭَﺃ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﹺﺭ�ﻤَﻷﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ
ÔÔG wel‡q Avcbvi †Kv‡bv AwaKvi †bB, Avj­vn PvB‡j Zv‡`i‡K gv Ki‡eb A_ev Zv‡`i‡K kvw¯— w`‡eb, KviY
Zviv Rvwjg|ÕÕ 386
KziAv‡b Avj­vn evisevi Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h, wZwb Zuvi wcÖqZg nvexe I Ljxj gynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K gvby‡li wnmve, kvw¯—,

Kj¨vY, AKj¨vY BZ¨vw`i Sv‡gjvq †d‡jb wb| G¸wj meB gnvb Avj­vni GKK `wqZ¡| gnvb Avj­vn hw` AcviM n‡Zb ev Zuvi
Kv‡iv mn‡hvwMZvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Zv Z‡e Aek¨B wZwb me©v‡MÖ m‡e©v”P mn‡hvwMZv MÖnY Ki‡Zb Zuvi wcÖqZg ivm~j †_‡K| wKš‘ wZwb
†h‡nZz Kv‡iv mn‡hvwMZvi gyLv‡cx bb, †m‡nZz wZwb Zuvi wcÖqZg‡K G mKj weo¤^bvi g‡a¨ †d‡jb wb|
107
�ﺏﺎ�ﺴ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ�ﻭ ﹸﻍﻼ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻙﱠﻨ�ﻴﱠﻓ�ﻭﹶﺘﹶﻨ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﻌﹶﻨ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻙﱠﻨ�ﻴﹺﺭﹸﻨ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒZv‡`i‡K †h (kvw¯—i) cÖwZkÖ“wZ cÖ`vb Kwi Zvi wKQz hw` †Zvgv‡K †`wL‡q w`B A_ev (Zvi c~‡e©B) †Zvgvi g„Zz¨ NwU‡q
w`B, Z‡e †Zvgvi KZ©e¨ †Zv †Kej cÖPvi Kiv Ges wnmve-wbKvk †Zv Avgvi KvR|Ó 387
Zuvi `yÔAvq Avj­vn AmsL¨ gvbyl‡K gvd K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi kvdvqv‡Z AmsL¨ cvcx gymwjg‡K Avj­vn Rvnvbœvg †_‡K gyw³
†`‡eb| Z‡e Zuvi `yÔAv I kvdvqvZ Keyj Kiv Avj­vni B”Qv| Avj­vni ingZ I Zuvi ivm~‡ji `yÔAvi Kj¨vY cvIqvi †hvM¨ †K Zv
Avj­vnB fvj Rv‡bb| Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻪِﻟﻭـ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﻜ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨَﺄﹺﺒ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐ�ﻴ �ﻥﹶﻠﹶﻓ ﹰﺓ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﺴ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐﹶﺘ�ﺴﹶﺘ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐﹶﺘ�ﺴﹶﺘ ﻻ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻘ�ﺴﺎﹶﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻬ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
ÔÔAvcwb Zv‡`i Rb¨ gv cÖv_©bv Ki“b A_ev gv cÖv_©bv bv Ki“b GKB K_v| Avcwb mËi evi Zv‡`i Rb¨ gv cÖv_©bv
Ki‡jI Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K gv Ki‡eb bv|ÕÕ 388
Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, hLb Avj­vn AvqvZ bvwhj Ki‡jb: Ò†Zvgvi wbKU AvZ¥xqeM©‡K mZK© K‡i `vIÓ 389 ZLb
wZwb Zuvi wbKU AvÍxq‡`i GKwÎZ K‡i e‡jb:
ﺎًﺌ�ﻴـﹶﺸ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﻨﹾﻏُﺃ ﻻ �ﻑﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻴ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﻨﹾﻏُﺃ ﻻ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻨَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﺸﺍ ... ﹴﺵ�ﻴ �ﺭﹸﻗ �ﺭﹶﺸ�ﻌ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻴ
ﺎـ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴـﹶﺸ �ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﻨﹾﻏُﺃ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﹶﺔ�ﻤ�ﻋ ﹸﺔ�ﻴ�ﻔ�ﺼ ﺎ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﻨﹾﻏُﺃ ﻻ ﹺﺏ�ﻠﱠﻁ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﺒ �ﺱﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻴ
ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﻨﹾﻏُﺃ ﻻ ﻲِﻟﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺕْﺌ�ﺸ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻨﻴ�ﻠ�ﺴ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﹶﺕﹾﻨﹺﺒ ﹸﺔ�ﻤ�ﻁﺎﹶﻓ
ÔÔ†n KzivBk es‡ki †jv‡Kiv, †Zvgiv (wb‡Ri Cgvb I mrK‡g©i gva¨‡g) wb‡R‡`i‡K µq Ki; Avwg Avj­vni cwie‡Z©
†Zvgv‡`i †Kv‡bvB DcKv‡i Avme bv| †n Ave` gvbvd †Mv‡Îi gvby‡liv, Avwg Avj­vni cwie‡Z© †Zvgv‡`i †Kv‡bvB DcKv‡i Avme
bv| †n AveŸvm Beby Avãyj gyËvwje, Avwg Avj­vni cwie‡Z© Avcbvi †Kv‡bvB DcKv‡i Avme bv| †n ivm~jyj­vn&i dzdz mvwdqv, Avwg
Avj­vni cwie‡Z© Avcbvi †Kv‡bvB DcKv‡i Avme bv| †n gynv¤§v‡`i †g‡q dvwZgv, Avgvi m¤ú` †_‡K Zzwg hv B”Qv †P‡q bvI,
Avwg Avj­vni cwie‡Z© †Zvgvi †Kv‡bvB DcKv‡i Avme bv|ÕÕ 390
Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb,
ﻰـﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺀﺎـﹶﻐﹸﺜ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﹲﺓﺎﹶﺸ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﺒﹶﻗ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﻔﹾﻟُﺃ ﻻ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻡﱠﻅ�ﻋ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻤﱠﻅ�ﻌﹶﻓ َلﻭﹸﻠﹸﻐﹾﻟﺍ �ﺭﹶﻜﹶﺫﹶﻓ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨﻴ�ﻓ �ﻡﺎﹶﻗ
ﺎ�ﻴ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﺀﺎﹶﻏ�ﺭ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﺭﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﺒﹶﻗ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ�ﻭ �ﻙﹸﺘﹾﻐﹶﻠ�ﺒَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﻤَﺃ ﻻ ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺄﹶﻓ ﻲ�ﻨﹾﺜ�ﻏَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ ﹲﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ�ﺤ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﺱ�ﺭﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﺒﹶﻗ�ﺭ
�ﻙـﹶﻟ �ﻙ�ﻠ �ﻤَﺃ ﻻ ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺄﹶﻓ ﻲ�ﻨﹾﺜ�ﻏَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴﹶﻓ ﹲﺕ�ﻤﺎ�ﺼ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﺒﹶﻗ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ�ﻭ �ﻙﹸﺘﹾﻐﹶﻠ�ﺒَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﻤَﺃ ﻻ ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺄﹶﻓ ﻲ�ﻨﹾﺜ�ﻏَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ
�ﻙﹸﺘﹾﻐﹶﻠ�ﺒَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﻤَﺃ ﻻ ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺄﹶﻓ ﻲ�ﻨﹾﺜ�ﻏَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴﹶﻓ ﹸﻕ�ﻔﹾﺨﹶﺘ �ﻉﺎﹶﻗﹺﺭ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﺒﹶﻗ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻙﹸﺘﹾﻐﹶﻠ�ﺒَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ
Òbex (�) Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ `Êvqgvb n‡q hvKvZ ev miKvix m¤ú` A‰eafv‡e †fvM Kivi ev gvwjKvbvq †bIqvi wel‡q K_v
ej‡jb| wZwb Gi KwVb cwiYwZ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡jb| wZwb ej‡jb, †Zvgv‡`i KvD‡K †hb wKqvg‡Zi w`b Ggb bv cvB
†h, Zvi Kuv‡a GKwU wPrKvi iZ †gl A_ev †Nvov i‡q‡Q, †m ej‡e, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, Avgv‡K D×vi Ki“b| ZLb Avwg eje:
†Zvgvi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv wKQz Kivi gZv Avgvi †bB| Avwg †Zv †Zvgv‡K Rvwb‡qwQjvg| A_ev Zuvi Kuv‡a wPrKvi iZ DU _vK‡e, †m
ej‡e, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, Avgv‡K D×vi Ki“b, Avwg eje, †Zvgvi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv wKQz Kivi gZv Avgvi †bB| Avwg †Zv †Zvgv‡K
Rvwb‡qwQjvg| A_ev Zvi Kuv‡a bxie (Ro) m¤ú` _vK‡e Ges †m ej‡e, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, Avgv‡K D×vi Ki“b, Avwg eje,
†Zvgvi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv wKQz Kivi gZv Avgvi †bB| Avwg †Zv †Zvgv‡K Rvwb‡qwQjvg|Ó 391
Dev`v Bebym mvwgZ (iv) †_‡K ewb©Z, wZwb e‡jb, GKRb gybvwdK gymjgvb‡`i Lye Kó w`Z| ZLb Ave~ evKi (iv)
e‡jb, Pj, Avgiv G gybvwdK †_‡K D×vi cvIqvi Rb¨ ivm~jyj­vn � Gi wbKU Av‡e`b Kwi| ZLb ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
ِﷲﺎﹺﺒ
ﹸﺙﺎﹶﻐﹶﺘ
�ﺴ�ﻴ
ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨ
ِﺇ�ﻭ
،�ﻲﹺﺒ
ﹸﺙﺎ�ﻌﹶﺘ
�ﺴ�ﻴ
ﹶﻻ �ﻪﱠﻨ
َﺇ
ÒAvgvi Kv‡Q ÎvY cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z nq bv, GKgvÎ Avj­vni Kv‡QB ÎvY cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z nq|Ó 392

GLv‡b jYxq †h, mvnvexMY GLv‡b D×vi cÖv_©bv ej‡Z RvMwZK I †jŠwKK mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv eywS‡qwQ‡jb| Zuv‡`i
K_vi ¯^vfvweK A_©, Pj, Avgiv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Kv‡Q G gybvwd‡Ki Kó †_‡K euvPvi wel‡q mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Kwi, ev Zuv‡K
Aby‡iva Kwi, G gybvwd‡Ki kvw¯—i e¨e¯’v K‡i Avgv‡`i‡K Gi AZ¨vPvi †_‡K iv Ki“b| Giƒc RvMwZK mvnvh¨,
mn‡hvwMZv ev ÎvY cÖv_©bvi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv †`vl †bB| Zv m‡Ë¡I ivm~jyj­vn � Zv‡`i‡K †kLv‡jb †h, mKj wel‡qB GKgvÎ
Avj­vni Kv‡QB ÎvY cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z nq|
gymwjg D¤§vni AebwZi w`b¸wj‡Z †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwjg G mKj AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi ب_©nxb wb‡`©kbvi wecix‡Z `vwe
Ki‡Z _v‡Kb †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K Avj­vn Kj¨vY AKj¨v‡Yi gZv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| welqwU‡K Zuviv gywg‡bi Cgv‡bi Ask evwb‡q
†bb| Giƒc `vwei wfwˇZ Zviv `vwe K‡ib †h, wec‡` Avc‡` Zuvi Kv‡Q mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z nq Ges wZwb hv‡K B”Qv
A‡jŠwKKfv‡e mvnvh¨ Kivi gZv iv‡Lb| KziAvb Kvix‡gi my¯úó wb‡`©kbv mv‡_ mvsNwl©K G gZwUi c‡ Zviv †Kv‡bviƒc
my¯úó AvqvZ ev nv`xm‡K Zuv‡`i g‡Zi `wjj wn‡m‡e †ck K‡ib wb| eis ب_©‡evaK wKQz K_vi Zuviv we‡kl GKwU A_© MÖnY
K‡ib Ges †mB ÔA_©Õ-‡K wfwË K‡i ب_©nxb AMwYZ AvqvZ I nv`xm‡K evwZj K‡i †`b| Zuv‡`i G RvZxq `wj‡ji `y GKwU
bgybv D‡j­L KiwQ|
cÖ_g `jxj: gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
108
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹾﻠِﻟ
ÔÔwbðq Avwg Avcbv‡K ivm~j evwb‡qwQ †KejgvÎ mg¯— m„wó RM‡Zi ingZ-¯^iƒc|ÕÕ 393
ﹰﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ ﻻِﺇ �ﻙﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
GLv‡b Avj­vn ¯úóZB D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wimvjvZ ev Zuv‡K ivm~j wn‡m‡e cvVv‡bv m„wóRM‡Zi Rb¨
ingZ ¯^iƒc| Zuvi wimvjv‡Zi cÖwZ Cgvb MÖnY I Zuvi AbymiYB Avj­vni ingZ jv‡fi GKgvÎ c_| wKš‘ G Avqv‡Zi A‡_© Zviv
e‡jb, wek¦RM‡Zi ingZ Zvi AwaKv‡i ivLv n‡q‡Q| Kv‡RB ingZ eȇbi gZv I AwaKvi ZuviB| Aviex fvlv, bvnD I
ÔZviKxeÕ m¤ú‡K© mvaviY Ávb m¤úbœ †h †Kv‡bv e¨w³ eyS‡Z cv‡ib †h, Giƒc e¨vL¨v AvqvZwUi A_© weK…wZ Qvov wKQzB bq|
wØZxq `jxj: Bgvg eyLvix (ivn) e‡jb 394 :
�ﻡـ�ﺴﺎﹶﻗ ﺎـﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎـ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ : � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻡ�ﺴﹶﻗ ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻠِﻟ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﻌ�ﻴ ،(
ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻠِﻟ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺴ�ﻤﹸﺨ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﻥَﺄﹶﻓ ) : ﻰﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِل�ﻭﹶﻗ ﺏﺎ�ﺒ
. ﻲ�ﻁ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻥﹺﺯﺎﹶﺨ�ﻭ
gnvb Avj­vni evYx Ò(hy‡× hv †Zvgiv MbxgZ jvf Ki) Zvi GKcÂgvsk Avj­vni Ges ivm~‡ji) G welqK Aa¨vq|
A_©vr GB GKcÂgvsk m¤ú` eÈb Kivi `vwqZ¡ ivm~‡ji| ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡j‡Qb, Avwg eÈbKvix I LvRvw Ges Avj­vnB
cÖ`vb K‡ib|Ó
Bgvg eyLvix G Aa¨v‡q wb‡gœi nv`xm¸wj D‡j­L K‡ib:
(1) Rvwei Beby Avãyj­vn (iv) e‡jb, GKRb Avbmvix mvnvexi GKwU cyÎ mš—vb Rb¥MÖnY K‡i| wZwb Zvi bvg
Ôgynv¤§v`Õ ivL‡Z Pvb| ZLb ivm~jyj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻡ�ﺴﹾﻗَﺃ ( �ﻡ�ﺴﺎﹶﻗ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ ) ﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﺎﹶﻗ ﹸﺕﹾﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ ﻲﱢﻨِﺈﹶﻓ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻴﹾﻨﹸﻜﹺﺒ ﺍ�ﻭﱠﻨﹶﻜﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﻤ�ﺴﺎﹺﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﻤ�ﺴ
†Zvgiv Avgvi bv‡g bvg ivL‡e, Z‡e Avgvi Kzwbqv‡Z (Aveyj Kvwmg) KzwbvqZ ivL‡e bv; KviY Avgv‡K Kvwmg A_©vr
eÈbKvix evwb‡q †`Iqv n‡q‡Q (wØZxq eY©bvq: Avwg †Zv eÈbKvix gvÎ) †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ eÈb Kwi| 395
(2) gyÔAvweq (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻡـ�ﺴﺎﹶﻗ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨ ِﺇ�ﻭ ) ( �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻁ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﺴﺎﹶﻗ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ )
�ﻡ�ﺴﺎﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﻁ�ﻌ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹺﻥﻴ�ﺩﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻪ�ﻬﱢﻘﹶﻔ�ﻴ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﹺﺭ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ
.( ﻲ�ﻁ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
ÒAvj­vn hvi Kj¨vY Pvb Zv‡K `x‡bi wel‡q cÖÁv (wdK&n) cÖ`vb K‡ib| Avi Avj­vnB cÖ`vb K‡ib Avi Avwg
eÈbKvix (wØZxq eY©bvq: Avwg †Zv eÈbKvix gvÎ cÖ`vb K‡ib Avj­vn)Ó 396
(3) Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡j‡Qb:
ﹸﺕ�ﺭ�ﻤُﺃ ﹸﺙ�ﻴ�ﺤ �ﻊ�ﻀَﺃ �ﻡ�ﺴﺎﹶﻗ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻌﹶﻨ�ﻤَﺃ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﻴ�ﻁ�ﻋُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ
ÒAvwg †Zvgv‡`i cÖ`vbI Kwi bv, †Zvgv‡`i cÖ`vb Kiv eÜI Avwg Kwi bv| Avwg †Zv eÈbKvix gvÎ, †hLv‡b Avgv‡K
Av‡`k Kiv nq †mLv‡bB Avwg cÖ`vb Kwi|Õ 397
(4) LvIjv Avbmvwiq¨vn (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb:

�ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﺭﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻠﹶﻓ ﱟﻕ�ﺤ ﹺﺭ�ﻴﹶﻐﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِلﺎ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﻀ�ﻭﹶﺨﹶﺘ�ﻴ ﻻﺎ�ﺠﹺﺭ �ﻥِﺇ
ÒwKQz gvbyl Avj­vni m¤ú` †¯^PvPvwiZvg~jKfv‡e Ab¨vq Lv‡Z LiP K‡i, Z‡`i Rb¨ i‡q‡Q wKqvg‡Zi w`b
Rvnvbœvg|Ó 398
G mKj nv`x‡mi A_© m~‡hi Av‡jvi gZB cwi®‹vi| gnvb Avj­vni c †_‡K hy×jä ev hvKv‡Zi †h mKj m¤ú` eÈb
Kiv `vwqZ¡ ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K cÖ`vb Kiv nq †m¸wj eȇbi wel‡q wZwb gnvb Avj­vni wb‡`©‡ki evB‡i wKQzB Ki‡Zb bv|
wb‡Ri B”Qv ev AvMÖ‡n wZwb KvD‡K wKQz w`‡Zb bv, eis Avj­vni weavb Abymv‡iB Zv eÈb Ki‡Zb|
G eȇbi mv‡_ MvBex mvnvh¨, ingZ ev A‡jŠwKK wKQz eȇbi mvgvb¨Zg †Kv‡bv m¤úK© †bB| wKš‘ G g‡Zi Abymvixiv
G nv`x‡mi GKwU evK¨ (Avwg eÈbKvix) D‡j­L K‡i `vwe K‡ib †h, wZwb eÈbKvix A_© Avj­vni ingZ ev A‡jŠwKK mvnvh¨
eÈb Kivi `vwqZ¡ Zuvi|
wbtm‡›`‡n Zv‡`i G e¨vL¨v c×wZ ûeû L„÷vbM‡Yi c×wZi gZB| Gfv‡e Zuviv GKwU AcÖvmw½K nv`xm‡K m¤ú~Y©
gbMov weK…Z A_© K‡i Zvi wfwˇZ AMwYZ ب_©nxb AvqvZ I nv`xm wewfbœ D¢U I Aev¯—e e¨vL¨vi gva¨‡g evwZj K‡i
†`b|
Z…Zxq `jxj: Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb,
�ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﱠﻠ�ﺼ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﺏ�ﻫﹶﺫ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹶﺓ�ﺭ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻫ ﻭ�ﺒَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻴ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹾﺕ�ﻌ�ﻀ�ﻭﹶﻓ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﹺﻥِﺌﺍ�ﺯﹶﺨ ﹺﺢﻴ�ﺘﺎﹶﻔ�ﻤﹺﺒ ﹸﺕﻴ�ﺘُﺃ ﻲ�ﻨﹸﺘ�ﻴَﺃ�ﺭ �ﻡِﺌﺎﹶﻨ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ
ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻨﻭﹸﺜﹶﻏ�ﺭﹶﺘ �ﻭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻨﻭﹸﺜﹶﻐﹾﻠﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﱠﻠ�ﺴ�ﻭ
ÒAvwg Nywg‡q wQjvg, GgZve¯’vq Avwg †`Ljvg †h, Avgv‡K c„w_exi fvÊvimg~‡ni Pvwe¸wj cÖ`vb Kiv n‡jv Ges Zv
Avgvi mvg‡b ivLv n‡jv| Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � P‡j wM‡q‡Qb GLb †Zvgiv †m fvÊvi¸wj cwiZ…wßi mv‡_
†fvM KiQ|Ó 399
GLv‡b LyeB ¯úó †h, c„w_exi fvÊv‡ii Pvwe ej‡Z c„w_exi abm¤ú` Zvi D¤§v‡Zi wbqš¿‡Y Avm‡e e‡j eySv‡bv
n‡q‡Q| mvnvex Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) ZvB ey‡S‡Qb| GRb¨ wZwb ej‡Qb †h, c„w_exi fvÛvi¸wj GLb †Zvgiv fY KiQ|
ivm~jyj­vn � wb‡RB G e¨vL¨v w`‡q‡Qb| DKev Beby Avwgi (iv) e‡jb,
ﺎـﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ﹲﻁ�ﺭﹶﻓ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹺﺭ�ﺒﹾﻨ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﹶﻑ�ﺭ�ﺼﹾﻨﺍ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﺕ�ﻴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﹶﺘﻼ�ﺼ �ﺩ�ﺤُﺃ ِل�ﻫَﺃ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻰﱠﻠ�ﺼﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﺝ�ﺭﹶﺨ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
: ﺔـﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻲـﻓﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ �ﺢﻴ�ﺘﺎﹶﻔ�ﻤ �ﻭَﺃ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﹺﻥِﺌﺍ�ﺯﹶﺨ �ﺢﻴ�ﺘﺎﹶﻔ�ﻤ ﹸﺕﻴ�ﻁ�ﻋُﺃ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻥﻵﺍ ﻲ�ﻀ�ﻭ�ﺤ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺭﹸﻅﹾﻨَﻷ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺩﻴﹺﻬﹶﺸ
ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﺴﹶﻓﺎﹶﻨﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹸﻑﺎﹶﺨَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸﹸﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹸﻑﺎﹶﺨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ�ﻭ ،�ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﺭ
َﻷﺍ ﹺﻥِﺌﺍ�ﺯﹶﺨ �ﺢ�ﻴ
�ﺘﺎﹶﻔ
�ﻤ
Òbex (�) GKw`b †ei n‡q Dn‡`i knx‡`i Dci Rvbvhvi mvjv‡Zi gZ mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡jb| Gici wZwb
wg¤^v‡ii Kv‡Q wd‡i Avm‡jb Ges ej‡jb: Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Av‡M P‡j hvw”Q Ges Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ mvx| Avi Avwg
Avgvi nvDh GLb †`L‡Z cvw”Q| Avgv‡K c„w_exi fvÊvimg~‡ni Pvwe¸wj A_ev wZwb e‡jb, Avgv‡K c„w_exi Pvwe¸wj cÖ`vb
Kiv n‡q‡Q, Ab¨ eY©bvq: Avgv‡K c„w_ex I Avmgv‡bi fvÊvimg~‡ni Pvwe¸wj cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Avj­vni Kmg, Avwg G
fq cvB bv †h, Avgvi c‡i †Zvgiv wkiK Ki‡e, eis fq cvB †h, †Zvgiv †m¸wj (fvÊvi¸wj) wb‡q cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq wjß
n‡e|Ó 400
GLv‡b ivm~jyj­vn � ej‡Qb, Zuvi Dg¥vZ Zuv‡K †`Iqv c„w_exi ev c„w_exi I Avmgv‡bi fvÊvi¸wji Pvwe ev fvÊvi¸wj
wb‡q A_©vr `ywbqvi ab-m¤ú` wb‡q cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq wjß n‡e e‡j wZwb fq cvb| Gfv‡e Avgiv †`wL †h, Ôc„w_exi fvÊvimg~n
ev c„w_e I Avmgv‡bi fvÊvimg~n ej‡Z ab-m¤ú` eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q, †Kv‡bv MvBex gZvi fvÊvi eySv‡bv nq wb| KviY MvBex
gZvi fvÊvi wb‡q D¤§vZ cÖwZ‡hvwMZv K‡i bv Ges Giƒc cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi my‡hvM _vK‡j Zv wki‡Ki gZ †Kv‡bv Lvivc ev
f‡qi KviY bv|
Ave~ gynvBwnev (iv) e‡jb ivm~jyj­vn � Avgv‡K e‡jb,
ﹶﺕـﹾﻨَﺃ
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: ﹸﺕﹾﻠ
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ﹶﺔﱠﻨ
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�ﻡﹸﺜ
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�ﻓ �ﺩﹾﻠ
ﹸﺨﹾﻟﺍ
�ﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﺭ
َﻷﺍ �ﻥِﺌﺍ
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ÒAvj­vn Avgv‡K GLwZqvi w`‡q‡Qb †h, `ywU wel‡qi GKwU Avwg †e‡Q †be: (1) c„w_exi fvÊvimg~n Ges c„w_ex‡Z
Abš— Rxeb Ges Gici RvbœvZ, A_ev (2) Avgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki mvvZ Ges RvbœvZ| ZLb Avwg ejjvg, Avgvi wcZvgvZv
Avcbvi Rb¨ Kzievbx †nvb! Zvn‡j Avcwb c„w_exi fvÊvimg~n Ges c„w_ex‡Z Abš— Rxeb Ges Gici RvbœvZ †e‡Q wbb| wZwb
e‡jb, KL‡bvB bv! Ave~ gynvBwnev, Avwg Avgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki mvvZ †e‡Q wb‡qwQ|Ó 401
mvIevb (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb,
109

ﹺﻥ�ﻴ�ﺯـﹾﻨﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﺕﻴ�ﻁ�ﻋُﺃ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﻲِﻟ �ﻱﹺﻭ�ﺯ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻬﹸﻜﹾﻠ�ﻤ ﹸﻎﹸﻠ�ﺒ�ﻴ�ﺴ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﺒﹺﺭﺎﹶﻐ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻗﹺﺭﺎﹶﺸ�ﻤ ﹸﺕ�ﻴَﺃ�ﺭﹶﻓ �ﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻲِﻟ ﻯ�ﻭ�ﺯ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
�ﺽ�ﻴ�ﺒَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﺤَﻷﺍ
Ògnvb Avj­vn Avgvi Rb¨ c„w_ex‡K msKzwPZ K‡ib Ges Avwg c„w_exi c~e© I cwðg¸wj †`L‡Z cvB, Avi Avgvi Rb¨
hZUzKz msKzwPZ Kiv n‡qwQj †m ch©š— Avgvi D¤§v‡Zi ivRZ¡ †cuŠQv‡e| Avi Avgv‡K jvj I mv`v Dfq abfvÊvi cÖ`vb Kiv
n‡q‡Q|Ó 402
Gfv‡e wKQz nv`x‡m D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K c„w_exi ev c„w_ex I Avmgv‡bi fvÊvimg~‡ni Pvwe cÖ`vb Kiv
n‡qwQj| mvnvexMY I cieZ©x hy‡Mi AvwjgMY ¯^fveZB ÔfvÊvimg~‡ni PvweÕ ej‡Z Ôab-m¤ú‡`i AwaKviÕ eywS‡q‡Qb hv Zuvi
D¤§vZ Zuvi Idv‡Zi c‡i jvf K‡i| wKš‘ MZ K‡qKkZ ermi hver †KD †KD G mKj nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb †h, Zuv‡K gnvb
Avj­vni mKj MvBex fvÊv‡ii KZ©„Z¡ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i G e¨vL¨vi †‡Î K‡qKwU welq jYxq:
cÖ_gZ, Dc‡i Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, KziAvb Kvix‡g ejv n‡q‡Q: ÔÔej, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K ewj bv †h, Avgvi Kv‡Q
Avj­vni fvÊvimg~n i‡q‡Q, A`„k¨ (Mv‡qe) m¤^‡ÜI Avwg AeMZ bB...|Ó Gi wecix‡Z GKwU AvqvZ ev nv`x‡mI ejv nq wb
†h, ivm~jyj­vn (�)-‡K ÔÔAvj­vni fvÊvimg~‡ni PvweÕ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| eis G mKj nv`x‡m ejv n‡q‡Q †h, Zuv‡K Ôc„w_exi
ev c„w_ex I Avmgv‡bi fvÊvimg~‡ni PvweÕ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Kv‡RB G mKj nv`xm‡K KziAv‡bi my¯úó I ب_©nxb
AvqvZ¸wji wecix‡Z `uvo Kiv‡bvi †Kv‡bviƒc my‡hvM †bB| Inx‡Z hZUzKz ejv n‡q‡Q Avgiv ZZUzKzB eje| KziAv‡bi
wb‡`©kbv Abymv‡i Avgiv eje †h, ÔAvj­vni fvÊvimg~n ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Kv‡Q bq|Õ Avi Dc‡ii nv`xm¸wji wb‡`©kbv
Abymv‡i Avgiv eje †h, Ôc„w_exi ev c„w_exi I Avmgv‡bi fvÊvimg~‡ni Pvwe Zuv‡K cÖ`vb Kiv nq, †h¸wj cieZ©x‡Z Zuvi
D¤§vZ †fvM I fY K‡i‡Q Ges Zv wb‡q cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq wjß n‡q‡Q|Õ Inxi gva¨‡g hv ejv n‡q‡Q ZZUzKzB whwb ej‡eb
wZwb wbivc`| Inxi evB‡i AwZwi³ wKQz ejv ev e¨vL¨vi bv‡g Inxi wb‡`©kbv evwZj Kiv gywg‡bi Rb¨ KwVb weåvwš—i c_
D‡b¥vPb K‡i, Zv †h hyw³‡Z ev †h wbq¨v‡ZB Kiv †nvK bv †Kb|
wØZxqZ, G mKj nv`x‡mi ¯úó I mij A_© Zviv cwiZ¨vM K‡i‡Qb| G mKj nv`x‡mi †‡Î ¯^qs ivm~jyj­vn � †h
A_© e‡j‡Qb Ges mvnvex-ZvweqxMY †h A_© e‡j‡Qb Zv cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i gbMov GKwU e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb|
Z…ZxqZ, Zuviv Giƒc GKwU gbMov e¨vL¨v‡K AvKx`vi wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i Zuviv KziAvb I nv`x‡mi eûmsL¨K
ب_©nxb e³e¨ e¨vL¨v K‡i evwZj K‡i‡Qb|
PZz_©Z, Zuviv Ggb GKwU AvKx`v D¢veb K‡i‡Qb †h AvKx`v KziAvb ev nv`x‡m †Kv_vI †bB Ges mvnvexMY,
ZvweqxMY ev c~e©eZ©x †Kv‡bv Avwjg KL‡bvB e‡jb wb| †hgb Zviv e‡jb:
Ôivm~jyj­vn � mKj nvRZ cÖ‡qvRb eÈb K‡ib, `ywbqv I AvwLiv‡Zi mKj wKQzB Zuvi wbqš¿‡Y| we‡k¦ hv wKQz
cÖKvwkZ nq meB GKvgvÎ gynv¤§v` (�) cÖ`vb K‡ib, Zuvi nv‡ZB ÔPvwemg~nÕ, Avj­vni fvÊvi¸wj †_‡K wKQzB Zuvi nvZ Qvov
†ei nq bv, wZwb hw` wKQy B”Qv K‡ib Z‡Z Zvi wecixZ wKQz n‡Z cv‡i bv, Zvi wb‡`©‡ki we‡ivwaZv Kivi gZ we‡k¦ wKQz
†bB| Ôwe‡k¦i mewKQz cwiPvjbvi gZv ZuviÕ, wZwb `ywbqv I AvwLiv‡Zi mKj cÖ‡qvRb †gUvb, Avj­vni Kv‡Q Zuvi GKZ¡
Qvov Avi wK Av‡Q, †Zvgvi wKQz cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Zzwg gynv¤§v` �-Gi wbKU cÖv_©bv Ki, ÔZuvi KZ…Z¡ Qvov †Kv‡bv KvRB nq bvÕ,
wZwb hv B”Qv K‡ib ZvB nq, Zvi wecix‡Z wKQzB nq bv, wZwbB †`b Ges wZwbB AvU‡K †`b, wZwbB mKj wec`MÖ‡¯’i wec`
KvUvb Ges hv‡K B”Qv Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kivb, BZ¨vw`... BZ¨vw` ... BZ¨vw`|Õ
KziAvb Kvixg, mKj mnxn nv`xm, `ye©j nv`xm Ges Rvj I ev‡bvqvU nv`xm Zbœ Zbœ K‡i LuyR‡jI Avcwb G K_v¸wj
†Kv_vI cv‡eb bv| mvnvex‡`i Rxeb Luy‡R †`Lyb, G mKj K_vi mvgvb¨Zg BkvivI Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv K_vq cv‡eb bv| KziAvb,
nv`xm I mvnvexM‡Yi Rxe‡b hv wKQz cv‡eb meB Gi m¤ú~Y© wecixZ| KziAvb, nv`xm I mvnvexM‡Yi e³e¨ †_‡K cvVK
†`L‡eb †h, G mKj welq meB GKgvÎ Ges †Kej gvÎ gnvb Avj­vniB wbqš¿Yvaxb Ges †KejgvÎ wZwbB GmKj gZvi
gvwjK| Gi evB‡i wKQB ejv nq wb|
G wel‡q KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wKQz wb‡`©kbv wb‡`©kbv Avgiv Dc‡i †`‡LwQ| mKj AvqvZ I nv`xm Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z
†M‡j eB‡qi K‡jei Av‡iv A‡bK †e‡o hv‡e| Dc‡ii AvqvZ I nv`xm¸wj †_‡K Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K Zuvi
wb‡Ri Ges Ab¨vb¨‡`i Kj¨vY ev AKj¨v‡Yi †Kv‡bv gZv ev `vwqZ¡ Zuv‡K cÖ`vb Kiv nq wb e‡j KziAvb I nv`x‡m AZ¨š—
my¯úófv‡e I ب_©nxb fvlvq D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gi wecix‡Z GKwU AvqvZ ev nv`x‡mI D‡j­L Kiv nq wb †h, Zuv‡K Giƒc
†Kv‡bv `vwqZ¡ ev gZv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
cÂgZ: KziAvb I nv`x‡mi mv‡_ my¯úófv‡e mvsNwl©K Giƒc ÔAvKx`vÕ ˆZwi Kivi c‡i Zuviv Gi wfwˇZ wec‡`
Avc‡` Zuvi Kv‡Q mvnvh¨ ev ÎvY cÖv_©bv Kivi ixwZ cÖPjb K‡i‡Qb|
cÖwZw`b AMwYZevi Avgiv ejwQ: ÒAvgiv GKgvÎ AvcbviB Bev`Z Kwi Ges GKgvÎ Avcbvi Kv‡QB mvnvh¨ PvB|Ó G
n‡jv gywg‡bi Cgvb| KziAvb I nv`x‡mi me©ÎB G wkvB we`¨gvb| ivm~jyj­vn � Gi PvPv‡Zv fvB Avãyj­vn Beby AveŸvm (iv)
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wnRi‡Zi wZb ermi c~‡e© Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| 8g wnRix mv‡j g°v weR‡qi c‡i wZwb g`xbvq wnRiZ K‡ib Ges
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi †kl Rxe‡b cÖvq AvovB ermi ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi mvnPv‡h© _v‡Kb| we‡klZ we`vq n‡¾i mgq wZwb Zuvi mv‡_
110

D‡Ui wc‡V _vKvi †mŠfvM¨ jvf K‡ib| wZwb e‡jb,
ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﻙـ�ﻫﺎ�ﺠﹸﺘ �ﻩ�ﺩـﹺﺠﹶﺘ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹾﻅﹶﻔ�ﺤﺍ �ﻙﹾﻅﹶﻔ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹾﻅﹶﻔ�ﺤﺍ �ﺕﺎ�ﻤ�ﻠﹶﻜ �ﻙ�ﻤﱢﻠ�ﻋُﺃ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ �ﻡﻼﹸﻏ ﺎ�ﻴ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﹶﻑﹾﻠﹶﺨ ﹸﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ
�ﺀ�ﻲـﹶﺸﹺﺒ ﻻِﺇ
�ﻙﻭ�ﻌﹶﻔﹾﻨ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸﹺﺒ �ﻙﻭ�ﻌﹶﻔﹾﻨ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹾﺕ�ﻌ�ﻤﹶﺘ�ﺠﺍ �ﻭﹶﻟ ﹶﺔ�ﻤُﺄﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻋﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻌﹶﺘ�ﺴﺎﹶﻓ ﹶﺕﹾﻨ�ﻌﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ْلَﺄ�ﺴﺎﹶﻓ ﹶﺕﹾﻟَﺄ �ﺴ
ﹾﺕـﱠﻔ�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﻡﻼـﹾﻗﻷﺍ
ﹾﺕ�ﻌ�ﻓ�ﺭ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﺒﹶﺘﹶﻜ �ﺩﹶﻗ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸﹺﺒ ﻻِﺇ
�ﻙﻭ�ﺭ�ﻀ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸﹺﺒ �ﻙﻭ�ﺭ�ﻀ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﻭ�ﻌ�ﻤﹶﺘ�ﺠﺍ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﺒﹶﺘﹶﻜ �ﺩﹶﻗ
ﹸﻑ�ﺤ�ﺼﻟﺍ
ÒAvwg GKw`b ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wcQ‡b wQjvg| wZwb Avgv‡K ej‡jb : Ô†n evjK, Avwg †Zvgv‡K K‡qKwU evK¨ wkv
w`w”Q| Zzwg Avj­vn‡K (Zuvi weavbvejx‡K) †ndvhZ Ki‡e, Zvn‡j wZwb †Zvgv‡K iv Ki‡eb| Zzwg Avj­vn‡K (†Zvgvi Aš—
‡i m`v RvMi“K I) msiwZ ivL‡e, Zvn‡j Zuv‡K me©`v †Zvgvi mvg‡b cv‡e| hLb PvB‡e ev cÖv_©bv Ki‡e ZLb ïay Avj­vni
Kv‡QB PvB‡e| hLb mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Ki‡e, ZLb ïay Avj­vni Kv‡QB mvnvh¨ PvB‡e| †R‡b ivL, hw` mKj gvbyl †Zvgvi
†Kv‡bv Kj¨vY Ki‡Z mw¤§wjZ nq, Zvn‡j Zviv †Zvgvi ïaygvÎ ZZUzKzB Kj¨vY Ki‡Z cvi‡e hZUzKz Avj­vn wba©viY
K‡i‡Qb| Avi hw` Zviv mevB †Zvgvi AKj¨vY Ki‡Z GK‡RvU nq, Zvn‡j Zviv †Zvgvi ïaygvÎ ZZUzKzB AKj¨vY Ki‡Z
cvi‡e hZUzKz Avj­vn †Zvgvi wei“‡× wba©viY K‡i‡Qb| Kjg¸wj D‡V †M‡Q Ges c„ôv¸wj ïwK‡q wM‡q‡Q|Ó 403
Gfv‡e KziAvb-nv`x‡m AMwYZ ¯’v‡b AZ¨š— my¯úófv‡e gywgbMY‡K wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q mKj wec‡` K‡ó GKgvÎ
Avj­vni Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z| Avwg Avgvi †jLv Ôiv‡n †ejvqvZÕ bvgK MÖ‡š’ G welqK A‡bK nv`xm I gvmb~b `yÔAv Av‡jvPbv
K‡iwQ| Gi wecix‡Z GKwU wb‡`©kI †bB †h, wec‡`-Avc‡` †Zvgiv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Kv‡Q †h ej‡e, †n ivm~j, Avcwb
Avgv‡`i‡K wec` †_‡K euvPvb|
lôZ: mvnvexM‡Yi Rxeb †`Lyb| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi RxeÏkvq Zuviv Zuvi Kv‡Q `yÔAv †P‡q‡Qb, Z‡e KL‡bvB Zuvi Kv‡Q
†h‡q e‡jb wb, Avgv‡`i wec` Avcwb KvwU‡q †`b| Zuvi Idv‡Zi c‡i Zuvi ivIhv gyevivKvq †h‡q Zuviv KL‡bvB Zuvi Kv‡Q
wec` KvwU‡q †`Iqvi Av‡e`b K‡ib wb| GgbwK KL‡bv Zuviv Zuvi ivIhvq †h‡q Zuvi Kv‡Q ¯^vfvweK `yÔAvI Pvb wb|
KL‡bvB Zuviv ivIhvq †h‡q e‡jb wb, †n Avj­vni ivmyj, Avgv‡`i Rb¨ Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv Ki“b ev gv cÖv_©bv Ki“b| Avi
mvnvexM‡Yi c_ †_‡K wePz¨wZ A_©B aŸsm| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb, ÒKv‡iv wbKU mrc_ cÖKvk nIqvi ci †m
hw` ivm~‡ji wei“×vPiY K‡i Ges gywgb‡`i c_ e¨ZxZ Ab¨ c_ AbymiY K‡i, Z‡e †hw`K †m wd‡i hvq †mw`‡KB Zv‡K
wdwi‡q w`e Ges Rvnvbœv‡g Zv‡K `» Kwie, Avi Zv KZB bv g›` Avevm!Ó 404
GLv‡b ÔgywgbMYÕ c_ ej‡Z ¯^fveZB ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mg‡qi gywgb A_©vr mvnvexMY‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| hw` †KD
mvnvexM‡Yi c×wZ cwiZ¨vM K‡i Z‡e Zvi cwiYwZ mn‡RB Aby‡gq|
mßgZ: GLv‡b L„÷vb‡`i Ae¯’v D‡j­L¨| Zviv wek¦vm K‡i †h, we‡k¦i mKj fvjg‡›`i gZv ÔCmv (Av)-‡K cÖ`vb Kiv
n‡q‡Q| Kv‡RB Zvi Kv‡QB me wKQz PvB‡Z n‡e| Zv‡`i‡K hw` cÖkœ Kiv nq, eZ©gvb †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ cÖPwjZ weK…Z evB‡ej
†_‡KB GKwU AvqvZ †ei K‡i †`LvI †hLv‡b Cmv (Av) e‡j‡Qb †h, †Zvgiv Avgvi Bev`Z Ki ev Avgvi Kv‡Q fvjg›` cÖv_©bv
Ki| Zviv e‡j, wZwb Bn~`x‡`i f‡q Ges gvbyl eyS‡e bv e‡j G K_v ¯úófv‡e e‡jb wb, Z‡e AgyK ¯’v‡b G wel‡q ÔBw½ZÕ Av‡Q,
AgyK Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v †_‡K Zv eySv hvq ... BZ¨vw`| Gfv‡e Bw½Z, e¨vL¨v BZ¨vw`i gva¨‡g Ggb GKwU AvKx`v Zviv evwb‡q‡Q
hvi Aw¯—Z¡ weK…Z evB‡e‡ji g‡a¨I †bB|
AóZg: gymwjg D¤§vni AebwZi w`‡bi G mKj gvby‡li Ae¯’v †`‡L Avi‡ei gykwiK‡`i Aciva A‡cvK…Z nvjKv
g‡b n‡Z cv‡i! wdwikZvMY‡K `vwqZ¡ cÖ`v‡bi K_v Ges Zv‡`i kvdvÔAvZ Keyj Kivi K_v gnvb Avj­vn KziAvb Kvix‡g
Ges c~e©eZ©x wKZvemg~‡n my¯úóZB e‡j‡Qb| Avi‡ei gykwiKMY GKUz evwo‡q wdwikZvM‡Yi `vwqZ¡‡K gZv I
kvdvÔAv‡Zi my‡hvM‡K AwaKvi e‡j g‡b K‡i Zv‡`i Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv K‡i, Zv‡`i‡K †W‡K Ges Zv‡`i bv‡g bhi-gvbZ K‡i
wki‡K wbcwZZ n‡q‡Q| cvš—‡i bex-IjxMY‡K Avj­vn †Kv‡bviƒc A‡jŠwKK `vwqZ¡ ev wek¦ cwiPvjbv `vwqZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb e‡j
KziAvb ev nv`x‡m †Kv_vI e‡jb wb| Zvi c‡iI wKQz dhxjZ ÁvcK AcÖvmw½K nv`xm‡K gbMov e¨vL¨v K‡i gymwjg
mgv‡Ri †KD †KD `vwe Ki‡Qb †h, gnvb Avj­vn bex-IjxMY‡K `vwqZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb| Gici Zuviv †m `vwqZ¡‡K gZv e‡j `vwe
Ki‡Qb| Gici Zuviv Zv‡`i Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv Ki‡Qb|
GLv‡b gywgb‡K eyS‡Z n‡e †h, wbtm‡›`‡n ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi fw³ I fvjevmv Ges Zuvi cÖksmv Kiv Cgv‡bi g~j I
gywg‡bi Ab¨Zg m¤^j| Z‡e G Rb¨ KziAvb Kvix‡gi AMwYZ AvqvZ I AMwYZ mnxn nv`x‡mi ¯úó wb‡`©‡ki evB‡i
Avgv‡`i hqxd, wg_¨v, ev‡bvqvU K_v ej‡Z n‡e, ev hyw³, ZK©, e¨vL¨v, m¤¢vebv BZ¨vw` w`‡q wKQz K_v evbv‡Z n‡e- G
aviYvwUB Bmjvg we‡ivax|
ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi gh©v`v welqK Dc‡ii weåvwš—Ki AvKx`v¸wji †‡Î g~j mgm¨v AvKx`vi Dr‡m weåvwš—| GLv‡b
g~jZ wKQz gvby‡li e³e¨‡K Ges wb‡Ri cQ›`‡K AvKx`vi gyj Drmiƒ‡c MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q| KziAvb I nv`x‡mi hv wKQz ejv nq,
Zv GKvš—B G mKj e³e¨‡K Nywi‡q wdwi‡q mg_©b Kivi Rb¨| Giƒc AvKx`v †cvlYKvix‡K hw` Avcwb e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn �
111

mKj MvBe Rvb‡Zb bv, wZwb g½j-Ag½‡ji gZv iv‡Lb bv, Zuvi Kv‡Q MvBex mvnvh¨, wec` †_‡K gyw³ BZ¨vw` cÖv_©bv Kiv
hv‡e bv, Z‡e wZwb Avcbvi ÔAvKx`vÕ weåvš— e‡j MY¨ Ki‡eb| Avcwb hw` G welqK AvqvZ I nv`xm¸wj Zv‡K e‡jb Z‡e
wZwb ej‡eb: G¸wj Av‡Q wVKB, Z‡e G¸wji Ab¨ e¨vL¨v Av‡Q| Avcwb hw` e‡jb, G e¨vL¨v wK Avj­vn Ab¨Î e‡j‡Qb,
ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡j‡Qb? mvnvexMY e‡j‡Qb? wZwb ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡eb †h, Giƒc †Kv‡bv e¨vL¨v Zuv‡`i †_‡K †Kv‡bv mnxn
mb‡` ewY©Z nq wb| Z‡e cieZ©x hy‡Mi wewfbœ Avwj‡gi bvg D‡j­L K‡i ej‡eb †h, AgyK ev ZgyK G K_v e‡j‡Qb|
Gevi Avcwb hw` Zuvi ÔAvKx`vÕi wel‡q cÖkœ K‡ib †h, Avcwb †h AvKx`v weï× e‡j `vwe Ki‡Qb Zv wK KziAvb ev
nv`x‡m †Kv_vI my¯úófv‡e Av‡Q? wZwb ej‡eb, AgyK Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v †_‡K ev AgyK nv`xm †_‡K Zv eySv hvq| Avcwb hw`
cÖkœ K‡ib, G mKj e¨vL¨v wK ivm~jyj­vn � ev mvnvexMY †_‡K mnxn mb‡` ewY©Z n‡q‡Q? wZwb cieZ©x hy‡Mi wewfbœ Avwj‡gi
bvg D‡j­L K‡i ej‡eb, AgyK ev ZgyK e‡j‡Qb|
G RvZxq mKj AvKx`vi †‡ÎB Giƒc †`L‡Z cv‡eb| we`ÔAvZ I wdiKv welqK Aa¨v‡q Avgiv †`Le †h kxqv,
gyZvwhjx BZ¨vw` mKj weåvš— wdiKvi AvKx`vi Ae¯’v GKBiƒc|
G mKj †‡Î gywg‡bi Rb¨ bvRv‡Zi GKgvÎ Dcvq n‡jv, mKj †‡Î, we‡klZ AvKx`v I wek¦v‡mi †‡Î
AvwiKfv‡e KziAvb I mybœvni Dci wbf©i Kiv| wek¦v‡mi wfwË ÔMvBexÕ wel‡qi Dc‡i| G mKj wel‡q Inxi wb‡`©kbv Qvov
†Kv‡bv dqmvjv †`Iqv hvq bv| Kg© wel‡q KziAvb ev nv`x‡m my¯úó weavb †bB Giƒc A‡bK bZzb bZzb welq D¢vweZ nq,
GRb¨ †m‡‡Î wKqvm I BRwZnv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb nq| †hgb gvBK, aygcvb BZ¨vw` welq| wKš‘ wek¦vm ev AvKx`vi welq †miƒc
bq| G¸wj‡Z bZzb ms‡hvRb m¤¢e bq| GRb¨ G wel‡q wKqvm ev BRwZnv` A_©nxb| Avj­vni ¸Yvewj, bexM‡Yi msL¨v,
gh©v`v, wdwikZvM‡Yi msL¨v, m„wó, Kg©, `vwqZ¡ BZ¨vw` wel‡q BRwZnv‡`i †Kv‡bv my‡hvM †bB| KziAvb I nv`x‡m †hfv‡e hZUzKz
ejv n‡q‡Q ZvB wek¦vm Ki‡Z n‡e| G mKj †‡Î Avgiv Inxi K_v‡K hyw³ w`‡q mg_©b Ki‡Z cvwi, wKš‘ hyw³ w`‡q †Kv‡bv
wKQz ms‡hvRb ev we‡qvRb Ki‡Z cvwi bv|
GLv‡b gywg‡bi gyw³i GKgvÎ Dcvq n‡jv, KziAvb Kvix‡gi mKj K_v‡K mgvbfv‡e MÖnY Kiv Ges †Kv‡bv K_v‡K cÖwZôvi
Rb¨ Ab¨ K_v‡K evwZj ev e¨vL¨v bv Kiv| Abyiƒcfv‡e mKj mnxn nv`xm‡K mnRfv‡e †g‡b †bIqv| GKvš— cÖ‡qvRb bv n‡j
†Kv‡bv e¨vL¨vi g‡a¨ †h‡Z †bB| GKvš— cÖ‡qvR‡b e¨vL¨v Ki‡jI ¸i“‡Z¡i Kg †ewk n‡e KziAvb-mybœvni wfwˇZ| ¯úó K_v‡K
A¯úó K_vi Rb¨ e¨vL¨v mv‡c‡ evwZj Kiv hv‡e bv| eis cÖ‡qvR‡b ¯úó I ب_©nxb K_vi Rb¨ A¯úó ev ب_©‡evaK K_vi e¨vL¨v
Ki‡Z n‡e| ÔLei Iqvwn`Õ GKK nv`x‡mi Rb¨ KziAv‡bi ¯úó evYx ev gyZvIqvwZi I gkn~i nv`xm evwZj Kiv hv‡e bv|
cÖ‡qvR‡b KziAvb ev cÖwm× nv`x‡mi Rb¨ GKK I ب_© †evaK nv`x‡mi MÖnY‡hvM¨ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z n‡e| G Qvov e¨vL¨vi cÖ‡qvRb
n‡j mvnvexM‡Yi AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e| †h wel‡q KziAvb I nv`x‡m ¯úó wKQz †bB Ges mvnvexMYI wKQz e‡jb wb, †m wel‡q wPš—v
bv Kiv, K_v bv ejv I weZ‡K© bv Rov‡bvB gywg‡bi wbivcËv I gyw³i c_|
112

PZz_© Aa¨vq
AviKvbyj Cgvb
wØZxq Aa¨v‡qi ïi“‡Z D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, KziAvb I nv`x‡m evisevi 6wU wel‡qi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h¸wj‡K
h_vh_fv‡e wek¦vm Kiv gywg‡bi Rb¨ Acwinvh©| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ZvInx` I wimvjv‡Zi mv¨ G 6wU wel‡qi g~j| G Rb¨
Avgiv wØZxq I Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q c„_Kfv‡e G `ywU wel‡qi Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| G Aa¨v‡q Avgiv Cgv‡bi AviKvb ev ¯—¤¢¸wji
wel‡q mvaviYfv‡e Av‡jvPbv Kie|
c~‡e©i Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ZvInx` I wimvjv‡Z wek¦v‡mi A_© n‡jv, †h mKj welq Avj­vni wb‡`©k ev gynv¤§v`
(�)-Gi wkv e‡j cÖgvwYZ Zv meB meB wek¦vm Ki‡Z n‡e| KziAvb I nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv †`wL †h, ZvInx` I wimvjv‡Z
wek¦vm ¯’vcbKvix cªwZwU gymwjg‡K Aek¨B G 6wU wel‡qi Dci h_vh_ wek¦vm ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e| Ab¨_vq Zvi ZvInx` I
wimvjv‡Zi wek¦v‡mi `vex g~j¨nxb e‡j cÖgvwYZ n‡e|
4. 1. Avj­vni cÖwZ Cgvb
Avgiv wØZxq Aa¨v‡q ZvInx‡`i Av‡jvPbvq ÔAvj-Cgvb wej­vnÕ ev Avj­vni cÖwZ Cgv‡bi wel‡q we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv
K‡iwQ| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Avj­vni cÖwZ wek¦v‡mi A_©B ÔZvInx`Õ ev Avj­vni GK‡Z¡ wek¦vm| ZvInx‡`i ch©vq I cÖKvi¸wj
Avgiv we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| Kv‡RB †m¸wji cybive„wË wb®cÖ‡qvRb|
4. 2. gvjvBKvi cÖwZ Cgvb
4. 2. 1. gvjvK: A_© I cwiPq
Aviex fvlvq ÒgvjvKÓ kã‡K dvm©x fvlvq wdwikZv ejv nq| evsjvq GB dvm©x kãB cÖPwjZ| cvi‡m¨i gymwjgMY
A‡bK Bmjvgx cwifvlv‡KI wb‡R‡`i c~e©eZ©x ag©xq cwifvlvi wfwˇZ dvm©x fvlvq iƒcvš—wiZ K‡ib| †hgb †Lv`v, bvgvh,
†ivhv, `i“` BZ¨vw`| G¸wj †Kv‡bvwUB Aviex k‡ãi A_© enb K‡i bv| wKš‘ cvim¨evmxiv Zv‡`i c~e©eZ©x a‡g© e¨eüZ ag©xq
cwifvlv¸wji BmjvgxKiY K‡ib| fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡k dvimx fvlvi cÖfv‡e Avgv‡`i evsjv fvlvqI G mKj cwifvlv
cÖwZôv jvf| MZ K‡qK `kK a‡i †jLKMY dvi&mx cwifvlv ev` w`‡q KziAvb-nv`x‡m e¨eüZ g~j Aviex cwifvlvi
cÖPj‡bi †Póv Ki‡Qb| B‡Zvg‡a¨B †Lv`vi cwie‡Z© Avj­vn, bvgv‡hi cwie‡Z© mvjvZ, †ivhvi cwie‡Z© wmqvg e¨envi †ek
cÖPjb jvf K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ gvjvK kãwUi Ae¯’v wfbœ| GLb ch©š— G wel‡q ÔwdwikZvÕ kãwUB meÎ e¨eüZ| ÔgvjvKÕ kãwUi
cÖPjb †bB, hw`I Zv KziAvb-nv`x‡mi g~j cwifvlv| Avi ag©xq cwifvlvi Abyev` bv K‡i ev Ab¨ a‡g©i KvQvKvwQ A‡_©i
cwifvlv e¨envi bv K‡i g~j cwifvlv e¨envi KivB DËg|
Aviex ÔgvjvKÕ ( ﻙـﹶﻠ�ﻤ) kãwUi A_© cÎ, wPwV ev `~Z| eûj cÖPj‡bi d‡j kãwUi g‡a¨ wKQz aŸwbMZ cwieZ©b mvwaZ
n‡q‡Q| kãwU g~jZ ÔAvjvKÕ ( ﻙـﹶﻟَﺃ) avZzg~j †_‡K M„nxZ, gxg AiwU Ônvid hvB`Õ ev AwZwi³ Ai| g~j kãwU wQj
ÔgvA&jvKÕ ( ﻙـﻟﺄﻤ)| cieZ©x Kv‡j ÔnvghvÕ AiwU‡K ¯’vbvš—wiZ K‡i jv‡gi c‡i wb‡q G‡K Ôgvj&AvKÕ ( ﻙﻸـﻤ) ejv nq|
eûj e¨env‡i ÔnvghvÕ AiwU †jvc †c‡q mvaviYfv‡e ÔgvjvKÕ (ﻙﹶﻠ�ﻤ) ejv nq| eûeP‡b ÔnvghvÕ AiwU we`¨gvb _v‡K Ges
ejv nq ÔgvjvBKvÕ ( ﺔـﻜﺌﻼﻤ)| me©ve¯’vq G mKj aŸwbMZ cwieZ©‡bi d‡j g~j A‡_©i cwieZ©b nq wb| gvjvK, gvjAvK,
gvA&jvK me¸wj k‡ãiB g~j AvwfavwbK A_© cÎ, evYx, `~Z BZ¨vw`, Avi e¨envwiK A_© Avj­vni `~Z (angel)| 405
4. 2. 2. gvjvKM‡Yi cÖwZ Cgv‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, KziAvb I nv`x‡m evisevi gvjvKM‡Yi cÖwZ wek¦vm ¯’vcb Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`qv n‡q‡Q Ges gvjvKM‡Y
Awek¦vmKvixi weåvwš—i K_v Rvbvb n‡q‡Q| Gfv‡e Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, gvjvKM‡Y ev wdwikZvq wek¦vm Kiv Bmjvgx Cgv‡bi
AZ¨š— cÖ‡qvRbxq Ask|
4. 2. 3. gvjvKM‡Yi cÖwZ Cgv‡bi g~jbxwZ
gvjvKMY ev wdwikZvMY Avj­vni m„ó MvBe ev A`yk¨ RM‡Zi Ask| Avj­vn A`„k¨ RM‡Zi ïaygvÎ †m mKj welq
Avgv‡`i‡K Rvwb‡q‡Qb Ges wek¦vm Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb †h mKj wel‡q wek¦vm Avgv‡`i‡K cvw_©e ev Ava¨vwZ¥K wZ ev
AKj¨vY †_‡K iv K‡i ev G‡‡Î Kj¨vY e‡q Av‡b| gvjvKMY m¯ú‡K© Avgiv ZZUzKzB wek¦vm Kwi hZUzKz KziAvbyj Kix‡g ev
nv`xm kix‡d ejv n‡q‡Q| Gi AwZwi³ Z_¨ Rvbv Avgv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb †bB e‡jB Avj­vn Avgv‡`i Inxi gva¨‡g Rvbvb wb| Kv‡RB
Inxi AwZwi³ wKQz Rvbvi †Póv Ki‡j, AwZwi³ wKQz K_v hyw³, ZK© w`‡q ej‡j ev KziAvb nv`x‡mi wewfbœ e³‡e¨i Av‡jv‡K
113

wb‡R‡`i wePvieyw× w`‡q e¨vL¨v Ki‡j Zv‡Z fyj nIqvi I MvBex wel‡q Inxi evB‡i K_v ejvi mg~n m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| cÖvPxb hyM
†_‡K A‡bK RvwZ Inxi K_v weK…Z nIqvi Kvi‡Y, Inxi bv‡g ev‡bvqvU K_v cÖPjb nIqvi Kvi‡Y Ges Inxi AwZwi³ gbMov
e¨vL¨v I gZvgZ cÖPj‡bi Kvi‡Y gvjvKMY m¤ú‡K© wewfbœ weåvwš—Ki wek¦v‡mi g‡a¨ wbcwZZ n‡qwQ‡jb| KziAvb Kvix‡g Zv‡`i
wKQz weåvwš—i eY©bv i‡q‡Q| Avgiv cÖ_‡g gvjvKMY ev wdwikZvMY m¤ú‡K© KziAvb-nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Bmjvgx wek¦v‡mi eY©bv
Kie Ges Gici G wel‡q wKQz weåvwš—i K_v D‡j­L Kie|
4. 2. 4. gvjvKM‡Yi cÖwZ Cgv‡bi mvaviY A_©
Avj­vni gvjvBKv ev wdwikZvM‡Y wek¦v‡mi mvaviY I mswß A_©: Òmy`„p cÖZ¨‡qi mv‡_ wek¦vm Kiv †h, Avj­vn
ZvÔAvjv A‡bK gvjvBKv ev wdwikZv m„wó K‡i‡Qb, huviv Avj­vni m¤§vwbZ m„wó| Zuviv gvbexq `ye©jZv I Kvgbv evmbv †_‡K
gy³| Zviv me©`v Avj­vni AvbyMZ¨ K‡ib Ges Avj­vni wb‡`©k Agvb¨ Kivi †Kv‡bv Abyf~wZ Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †bB| me©`v Av&j­vni
Bev`Z Kiv, Zuvi cÖksmv I gnZ¡ eY©bv Kiv, Zvi wb‡`©k m„wóRM‡Zi wewfbœ `vwqZ¡ cvjb Kiv Zv‡`i Kg©|Ó
Cgvb wej-gvjvCKv ev gvjvKM‡Yi cÖwZ Cgv‡bi we¯—vwiZ PviwU w`K i‡q‡Q: (1) gvjvKM‡Yi Aw¯—‡Z¡ wek¦vm, (2)
Zuv‡`i bv‡g wek¦vm, (3) Zuv‡`i AvK…wZ-cÖK…wZ‡Z wek¦vm Ges (4) Zuv‡`i K‡g© wek¦vm|
4. 2. 5. gvjvKM‡Yi Aw¯—‡Z¡ wek¦vm
wdwikZv‡`i m¤ú‡K© Kvwdi‡`i wewfbœ Kyms¯‹vi I weåvwš—i cÖwZev` Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ KziAvb I nv`x‡m Zuv‡`i Aw¯—Z¡
¯^xKvi Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Zuv‡`i Aw¯—‡Z¡ wek¦vm Kiv Cgv‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Kv‡RB cÖwZwU gymwjg my`„p
cÖZ¨‡qi mv‡_ wek¦vm K‡ib †h, gvjvKMY Avj­vni we‡kl m„wó| Zuviv A`„k¨ RM‡Zi Ask| Zuv‡`i m„wó, AvK…wZ, cªK…wZ, ¸Yvevwj,
Kg© I `vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© KziAvb I nv`x‡m hv wKQz cÖgvwYZ Zv meB gywgb AvwiK I mijfv‡e wek¦vm K‡ib|
4. 2. 6. gvjvKM‡Yi bv‡g wek¦vm
Avj­vni m„ó gvjvKM‡Yi msL¨v AMwYZ I AeY©bxq| Zuv‡`i msL¨v Avj­vn Qvov †KD Rv‡bb bv| gvjvKM‡Yi msL¨vwaK¨
m¤ú‡K© aviYv cvB Avgiv wewfbœ nv`xm †_‡K| gvwjK Beby mvÕmvÔAv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � wgÕiv‡Ri NUbv eY©bvq e‡jb:
ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﻙـﹶﻠ�ﻤ ﹶﻑـﹾﻟَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﻌ�ﺒـ�ﺴ ﹴﻡ�ﻭـ�ﻴ ﱠلﹸﻜ �ﻪﹸﻠﹸﺨ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﺭﻭ�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﺕ�ﻴ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤ ُلﻴﹺﺭ�ﺒﹺﺠ ﺎ�ﻴ ﹸﺕﹾﻠﹸﻘﹶﻓ �ﺭﻭ�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﺕ�ﻴ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﻲِﻟ �ﻊ�ﻓ�ﺭ
�ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺭ�ﺨﺁ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﺩﻭ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﺍﻭ�ﺠ�ﺭﹶﺨ
ÒAvgvi mvg‡b evBZzj gvÕg~i DwÌZ n‡jv| Avwg ejjvg, †n wReixj, GwU Kx? wZwb ej‡jb: ÔGwU evBZzj gvÕg~i|
cÖwZw`b Gi g‡a¨ 70 nvRvi gvjvK cÖ‡ek K‡ib| hviv GKevi †ewi‡q hvq Zviv Avi KL‡bvB GLv‡b wd‡i Av‡m bv|Ó 406
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Ave~ hvi wMdvix (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍ�ﺩﹺﺠﺎ�ﺴ �ﻪﹶﺘ�ﻬ�ﺒ�ﺠ �ﻊ�ﻀﺍ�ﻭ �ﻙﹶﻠ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﻻِﺇ �ﻊﹺﺒﺎ�ﺼَﺃ ﹺﻊ�ﺒ�ﺭَﺃ �ﻊ�ﻀ�ﻭ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ ﱠﻁِﺌﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﱠﻕ�ﺤ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹾﺕﱠﻁَﺃ
ÒAvKvk (fvivµvš— n‡q) kã Ki‡Q Ges Zvi kã Kivi AwaKvi Av‡Q, †mLv‡b Ggb 4 Av½yj ¯’vbI Lvwj †bB
†hLv‡b GKRb gvjvK (wdwikZv) Zuvi Kcvj †i‡L Avj­vni Rb¨ mvR`vebZ †bB|Ó 407
G wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻭ�ﻫ ﻻِﺇ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺩﻭﹸﻨ�ﺠ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
Ò†Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki evwnbx m¤ú‡K© wZwb Qvov Avi †KD Rv‡b bv|Ó 408
G‡`i ga¨ †_‡K mvgvb¨ K‡qKR‡bi bvg Avgiv Inxi gva¨‡g Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ| wReivCj (wReixj), gxKvCj
(gxKvj), I gvwjK bvg¸wj KziAvb Kvix‡g D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q|
gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻠِﻟ �ﻭ�ﺩ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ َلﺎﹶﻜﻴ�ﻤ �ﻭ
114
َلﻴﹺﺭ�ﺒﹺﺠ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍ�ﻭ�ﺩ�ﻋ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Ò†h †KD Avj­vni, Zuvi gvjvKM‡Yi, Zuvi ivm~jM‡Yi Ges wReixj I gxKv‡ji (gxKvC‡ji) kΓ, (†m †R‡b ivLyK
†h,) Avj­vn wbðq Kvwdi‡`i kΓ|Ó 409
wReixj (Av)-†K KziAvb Kvix‡g we‡klfv‡e cÖksmv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zuv‡K Avi-iƒûj Avgxb ( ﻥﻴـﻤﻷﺍ ﺡﻭﺭﻟﺍ) ev wek¦¯— AvZ¥v
(cweÎ AvZ¥v) e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Zuvi kw³-gh©v`vi K_v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| wReixj KZ©„K ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K Inx
wkv `v‡bi wel‡q Avj­vn e‡jb:
ÒZv‡K wkv `vb K‡i kw³kvjx cÖÁvm¤úbœ-my›`i|Ó 410
�ﺓ�ﺭ�ﻤ ﻭﹸﺫ ﻯ�ﻭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﺩﻴ�ﺩﹶﺸ �ﻪ�ﻤﱠﻠ�ﻋ

Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡jb:
115
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﺫﹾﻨ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹶﺘِﻟ �ﻙﹺﺒﹾﻠﹶﻗ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﻴ�ﻤﻷﺍ �ﺡﻭ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻪﹺﺒ َل�ﺯﹶﻨ �ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺭ ُلﻴﹺﺯﹾﻨﹶﺘﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒAvj-KziAvb RMZmg~‡ni cÖwZcvj‡Ki c n‡Z AeZxY©| wek¦¯— AvZ¥v (Avi-iƒûj Avgxb: wReixj) Zv wb‡q
AeZiY K‡i‡Qb| †Zvgvi ü`‡q, hv‡Z Zzwg mZK©Kvix n‡Z cvi|Ó 411
Rvnvbœv‡gi cÖnix ev AwaKZ©vi bvg D‡j­L K‡i Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﺜ�ﻜﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻨِﺇ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹺﺽﹾﻘ�ﻴِﻟ �ﻙِﻟﺎ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻴ ﺍ�ﻭ�ﺩﺎﹶﻨ�ﻭ
ÒZviv wPrKvi K‡i ej‡e, †n gvwjK, †Zvgvi cÖwZcvjK Avgv‡`i wbt‡kl K‡i w`b| †m ej‡e: †Zvgiv Gfv‡eB
_vK‡e|Ó 412
†Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv nv`x‡m ÔBmivdxjÕ bvgwU G‡m‡Q| Av‡qkv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � ivw·Z Zvnv¾y‡`i mvjvZ ïi“
K‡i ïi“i `yÔAv ev ÔmvbvÕ cv‡V ej‡Zb:
ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻓ �ﻙ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺤﹶﺘ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ �ﺓ�ﺩﺎ�ﻬﱠﺸﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹺﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡِﻟﺎ�ﻋ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻁﺎﹶﻓ َلﻴ�ﻓﺍ�ﺭ�ﺴِﺇ�ﻭ َلﻴِﺌﺎﹶﻜﻴ�ﻤ�ﻭ َلﻴِﺌﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒ�ﺠ �ﺏ�ﺭ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠﻟﺍ
ﹴﻡﻴ�ﻘﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﻁﺍ�ﺭ�ﺼ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸﹶﺘ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻬﹶﺘ �ﻙﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻙ�ﻨﹾﺫِﺈﹺﺒ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ ﹶﻑ�ﻠﹸﺘﹾﺨﺍ ﺎ�ﻤِﻟ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺩ�ﻫﺍ �ﻥﻭﹸﻔ�ﻠﹶﺘﹾﺨ�ﻴ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ
Ò†n Avj­vn, wReivCj, gxKvCj I Bmivdx‡ji cÖwZcvjK, AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_exi mªóv, AcÖKvk¨ I cÖKvk¨ mKj
Áv‡bi AwaKvix, Avcwb dqmvjv Ki‡eb Avcbvi ev›`v‡`i g‡a¨ †h wel‡q Zviv gZ‡f` KiZ, †h wel‡q gZ‡f` n‡q‡Q †m
wel‡q Avcwb Avcbvi Aby‡gv`b w`‡q Avgv‡K m‡Z¨i cÖwZ c_cÖ`k©b Ki“b|Ó 413
GQvov †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv nv`x‡m Rvbœv‡Zi cÖnix ev AwaKZ©v gvjv‡Ki bvg Ôwi`IqvbÕ e‡j D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| wmnvn
wmËv ev cÖwm× nv`xmMÖš’¸wj‡Z msKwjZ nv`x‡m bvgwU ewY©Z n‡q‡Q e‡j Rvb‡Z cvwi wb| Z‡e 4_©-5g kZ‡Ki †Kv‡bv
gynvwχmi msKwjZ `y-GKwU nv`x‡m G bvgwU D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| 414
ÔgvjvKzj gvIZÕ ev g„Zz¨i gvjv‡Ki bvg ÔAvhivCjÕ e‡j †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gydvm&wmi D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| cÖ_g 4 Rb
gvjv‡Ki bvgB ïay gyZvIqvwZiiƒ‡c ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| KziAvb Kvix‡gi wewfbœ Avqv‡Z Ges AMwYZ nv`x‡m G‡`i bvg D‡j­L
Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKQz wKQz gvjvK‡K Avj­vn Kg©wfwËK bv‡g D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| †hgb ÔgvjvKzj gvIZÕ, ÔgybKvi-bvwKiÕ, ÔwKivgvb
KvwZexbÕ BZ¨vw`|
4. 2. 7. gvjvKM‡Yi AvK„wZ-cÖK…wZ‡Z wek¦vm
Av‡MB D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, A`„k¨ RM‡Zi †Kv‡bv wKQzi wel‡q Avj­vn Avgv‡`i‡K ZZUzKzB Rvwb‡q‡Qb, hZUzKz Rvb‡j
Ges wek¦vm Ki‡j Avgiv RvMwZK Ava¨vwZ¥K Kj¨vY jvf Ki‡Z cvie| GRb¨ KziAvb I nv`x‡m gvjvKMY m¯ú‡K© †h mKj
eY©bv G‡m‡Q Zv ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, G mKj AvqvZ I nv`xm g~jZ Avj­vni mv‡_ gvjvKM‡Yi m¤úK©, m„wó
cwiPvjbvq I Avj­vni B”Qv I wb‡`©k ev¯—evq‡b Zuv‡`i `vwqZ¡ Ges gvby‡li cÖwZ Zuv‡`i `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ BZ¨vw` wel‡qB
Avv‡jvPbv Kiv n‡h‡Q| Zuv‡`i m„wó I AvK„wZ-cªK…wZ m¤ú‡K© mvaviYZ we‡kl wKQy ejv nqwb| Z‡e KziAvb-nv`x‡mi eY©bv †_‡K
Avgiv hv eyS‡Z cvwi Zv wbgœiƒc:
4. 2. 7. 1. gvjvKMY gvby‡li c~‡e© m„ó
KziAv‡bi wewfbœ eY©bv †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, gnvb Avj­vni gvbe m„wói c~‡e© gvjvKMY‡K m„wó K‡ib, gvbe m„wói
cÖv°v‡j Zuvi B”Qvi K_v Zuv‡`i‡K Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb Ges Av`‡gi m„wói c‡i Avj­vni wb‡`©‡k Zuviv Av`g‡K mvR`v K‡ib| †hgb
GK¯’v‡b Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺩ�ﺠـ�ﺴﹶﻓ �ﻥﻴ�ﺩﹺﺠﺎـ�ﺴ �ﻪـﹶﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﻲ�ﺤﻭ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ ﹸﺕﹾﺨﹶﻔﹶﻨ�ﻭ �ﻪﹸﺘ�ﻴ�ﻭ�ﺴ ﺍﹶﺫِﺈﹶﻓ
ﹴﻥﻴ�ﻁ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍ�ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ ﹲﻕِﻟﺎﹶﺨ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ �ﺔﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤﹾﻠِﻟ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﹾﺫِﺇ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺠَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬﱡﻠﹸﻜ ﹸﺔﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ
Ò†Zvgvi cÖwZcvjK hLb gvjvKMY‡K e‡jwQ‡jb: ÔAvwg gvbyl m„wó KiwQ gvwU †_‡K, hLb Avwg Zv‡K mylg Kie Ges
Zv‡Z Avgvi iƒn mÂvi Kie, ZLb †Zvgiv Zvi cÖwZ mvR`vebZ n‡qv|Õ ZLb gvjvKMY mK‡jB mvR`vebZ n‡jb|Ó 415
4. 2. 7. 2. gvjvKMY Avj­vni m¤§vwbZ I AbyMZ ev›`v
g°vi KvwdiMY gvjvKMY‡K Avj­vni mš—vb I Kb¨v-mš—vb e‡j Kíbv KiZ, Zuv‡`i Bev`Z KiZ Ges `vwe KiZ †h,
Zuv‡`i Bev`Z Ki‡j Zuviv Lywk n‡q Avj­vni Kv‡Q Zv‡`i Rb¨ mycvwik K‡i Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb wgwU‡q w`‡eb| Zv‡`i G
wek¦v‡mi cÖwZev` K‡i Avj­vn e‡jb:

116
�ﻡﹺﻬﻴ�ﺩـ�ﻴَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻩﹺﺭ�ﻤَﺄﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ ِل�ﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻪﹶﻨﻭﹸﻘﹺﺒ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤ�ﺭﹾﻜ�ﻤ �ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ ْل�ﺒ �ﻪﹶﻨﺎ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴ ﺍ�ﺩﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﹶﺫﹶﺨﱠﺘﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ
. �ﻥﻭﹸﻘ�ﻔﹾﺸ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻴﹾﺸﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﻰ�ﻀﹶﺘ�ﺭﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻤِﻟ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﻌﹶﻔﹾﺸ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻔﹾﻠﹶﺨ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒZviv e‡j, Ô`qvgq mš—vb MÖnY K‡i‡Qb|Õ wZwb cweÎ, gnvb! Zviv †Zv Zuvi m¤§vwbZ ev›`v| Zviv Av‡M †e‡o K_v
e‡j bv; Zviv †Zv Zuvi Av‡`k Abymv‡iB KvR K‡i _v‡K| Zv‡`i m¤§y‡L I cðv‡Z hv wKQz Av‡Q Zv wZwb AeMZ| wZwb
hv‡`i cÖwZ mš‘ó Zv‡`i Qvov Avi Kv‡iv Rb¨ Zviv mycvwik K‡i bv Ges Zviv Zuvi f‡q fxZ-mš¿¯—|Ó 416
4. 2. 7. 3. gvjvKMY b~‡ii ˆZwi
gvbyl I wRbœ RvwZi m„wói Dcv`vb m¤ú‡K© KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi ejv n‡q‡Q †h gvbyl‡K gvwU †_‡K Ges wRbœ-‡K
Av¸b †_‡K m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q| gvjvKM‡Yi m„wói Dcv`vb m¤ú‡K© KziAvb Kvix‡g wKQzB ejv nq wb| Z‡e GKwU nv`xm †_‡K
Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, Zuv‡`i‡K b~i ev Av‡jv †_‡K ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q|
�ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ﹶﻑ�ﺼ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﺩﺁ ﹶﻕ�ﻠﹸﺨ�ﻭ ﹴﺭﺎﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹴﺝﹺﺭﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ ﹶﻕ�ﻠﹸﺨ�ﻭ ﹴﺭﻭﹸﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹸﺔﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹾﺕﹶﻘ�ﻠﹸﺨ
ÒgvjvKMY‡K b~i (Av‡jv) †_‡K m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q, wRbœ‡`i‡K cª¾wjZ AwMœ wkLv †_‡K m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q, Avi gvbyl‡K
†Kvb& e¯‘ ‡_‡K m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv †Zv †Zvgv‡`i‡K Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q|Ó 417
4. 2. 7. 4. gvjvKM‡Yi AvK…wZ
gvjvKM‡Yi cÖK…Z AvK…wZ m¤ú‡K© Avgv‡`i‡K we‡kl wKQz Rvbv‡bv nqwb, Z‡e Avgiv Rvwb †h, Zuv‡`i Kg-‡ewk
wewfbœ msL¨vi cvLv Av‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎـ�ﻤ �ﻕـﹾﻠﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺩﻴﹺﺯ�ﻴ �ﻉﺎ�ﺒ�ﺭ�ﻭ ﹶﺙﻼﹸﺜ�ﻭ ﻰﹶﻨﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﺔ�ﺤ�ﻨ�ﺠَﺃ ﻲِﻟﻭُﺃ ﻼ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﺔﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ِل�ﻋﺎ�ﺠ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹺﺭ�ﻁﺎﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ
�ﺭﻴ�ﺩﹶﻗ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﱢلﹸﻜ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ
ÒcÖksmv Avj­vni wbwgË, whwb AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_exi m„wó K‡i‡Qb Ges `yB-`yB, wZb-wZb, Pvi-Pvi cvLv-wewkó
gvjvKMY‡K evZv©evnK evwb‡q‡Qb| wZwb Zuvi m„wói g‡a¨ hv B”Qv e„w× K‡ib| wbðq Avj­vn me wKQzi Dci gZvkxj|Ó 418
Zuv‡`i cvLvi cÖK„wZ ev msL¨v Avj­vnB Rv‡bb| Z‡e wReivCj (Av)-Gi wel‡q mnxn nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, Zuvi
600 cvLv Av‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn m~iv bvR‡g e‡j‡Qb:
ﻰﹶﻨ�ﺩَﺃ �ﻭَﺃ ﹺﻥ�ﻴ�ﺴ�ﻭﹶﻗ �ﺏﺎﹶﻗ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜﹶﻓ ﻰﱠﻟ�ﺩﹶﺘﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺩ �ﻡﹸﺜ
ÒAZtci †m Zvi wbKUeZ©x nj, AwZ wbKUeZ©x| d‡j Zv‡`i g‡a¨ `y aby‡Ki e¨eavb _vKj, A_ev ZviI Kg|Ó 419
G Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq Avãyj­vn Beby gvmE` (iv) e‡jb:
ﹴﺡﺎﹶﻨ�ﺠ �ﺔَﺌﺎ�ﻤ ﱡﺕ�ﺴ �ﻪﹶﻟ َلﻴﹺﺭ�ﺒﹺﺠ ﻯَﺃ�ﺭ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥﺇ
Òbex (�) wReixj‡K †`‡Lb Zvi wQj 600 wU cvLv|Ó 420
Av‡qkv (iv) ewY©Z GKwU nv`xm †_‡K wReixj (Av)-Gi AvK…wZi wekvjZv m¤ú‡K© Rvbv hvq| Zvweqx gvmiƒK e‡jb:
�ﻥـ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹸﺕﹾﻠﹸﻗ ﹶﺔ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹶﻅ�ﻋَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻥ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﺓ�ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭﹺﺒ
�ﻡﱠﻠﹶﻜﹶﺘ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹲﺙﻼﹶﺜ ﹶﺔﹶﺸِﺌﺎ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﺒَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ ﹾﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹶﺔﹶﺸِﺌﺎ�ﻋ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﺎًﺌ�ﻜﱠﺘ�ﻤ ﹸﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅـ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡُﺃ ﺎـ�ﻴ ﹸﺕـﹾﻠﹸﻘﹶﻓ ﹸﺕـ�ﺴﹶﻠ�ﺠﹶﻓ ﺎًﺌ�ﻜﱠﺘ�ﻤ ﹸﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ�ﻭ : َلﺎﹶﻗ ﹶﺔ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹶﻅ�ﻋَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﻯَﺃ�ﺭ � ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻋ�ﺯ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹾﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻗ
�ﻩ�ﺫـ�ﻫ ُل�ﻭَﺃ ﺎـﹶﻨَﺃ ﹾﺕـﹶﻟﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ( ﻯ�ﺭﹾﺨُﺃ ﹰﺔﹶﻟ�ﺯﹶﻨ �ﻩﺁ�ﺭ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ�ﻭ ) ،(
ﹺﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻕﹸﻓﻷﺎﹺﺒ �ﻩﺁ�ﺭ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ�ﻭ ) : ﱠل�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﺯ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ْلﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟَﺃ ﻲ�ﻨﻴ�ﻠ�ﺠ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﻨﻴﹺﺭ�ﻅﹾﻨَﺃ
�ﻪﹸﺘ�ﻴَﺃ�ﺭ ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﺘ�ﺭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﺘﺎ�ﻫ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹶﻕ�ﻠﹸﺨ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﺘ �ﺭﻭ�ﺼ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻩ�ﺭَﺃ �ﻡﹶﻟ ُلﻴﹺﺭ�ﺒﹺﺠ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻥ�ﻋ َلَﺄ�ﺴ �ﺔ�ﻤُﻷﺍ
�ﺭﺎـ�ﺼ�ﺒَﻷﺍ �ﻪـﹸﻜﹺﺭ�ﺩﹸﺘ ﻻ)
: ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻊ�ﻤ�ﺴﹶﺘ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻭَﺃ ﹾﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻘﹾﻠﹶﺨ �ﻡﹶﻅ�ﻋ ﺍ�ﺩﺎ�ﺴ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎﹰﻁﹺﺒ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ
�ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﻭَﺃ ﺎـ�ﻴ�ﺤ�ﻭ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻤﱢﻠﹶﻜ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﹴﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒِﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ) : ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻊ�ﻤ�ﺴﹶﺘ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻭَﺃ ( �ﺭﻴﹺﺒﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﻑﻴ�ﻁﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﺭﺎ�ﺼ�ﺒَﻷﺍ �ﻙﹺﺭ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ
�ﻥـ�ﻤ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻡﹶﺘﹶﻜ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻋ�ﺯ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹾﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻗ
.( �ﻡﻴ�ﻜ�ﺤ �ﻲ�ﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻨﹾﺫِﺈﹺﺒ �ﻲ�ﺤﻭ�ﻴﹶﻓ ﻻﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ َل�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻴ �ﻭَﺃ ﹴﺏﺎ�ﺠ�ﺤ �ﺀﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭ
ﹶﺕـﹾﻐﱠﻠ�ﺒ ﺎـ�ﻤﹶﻓ ْل�ﻌﹾﻔﹶﺘ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹾﻎﱢﻠ�ﺒ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ)
: ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹶﺔ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹶﻅ�ﻋَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ
ﹶﺔـ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰـﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹶﻅ�ﻋَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ ( �ﺩﹶﻏ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻨَﺃ : ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻲﻓﻭ)
�ﺩﹶﻏ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﺭﹺﺒﹾﺨ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻨَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻋ�ﺯ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹾﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻗ . ( ﻪﹶﺘﹶﻟﺎ�ﺴﹺﺭ
(
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ ْلﹸﻗ ) : ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ

ÒAvwg Av‡qkv (iv)-Gi wbKU Dcweó wQjvg| wZwb e‡jb, †n Ave~ Av‡qkv (gvmiƒK), wZbwU K_vi †h †Kv‡bv GKwU K_v
hw` †KD e‡j Z‡e †m Avj­vn bv‡g RNb¨ wg_v ejvi Aciv‡a Acivax n‡e| Avwg ejjvg: †m K_v¸wj Kx Kx? wZwb e‡jb, hw`
†KD g‡b K‡i †h, gynv¤§v` (�) Zuvi cÖwZcvjK‡K (Avj­vn‡K) †`‡LwQ‡jb Z‡e †m Avj­vni bv‡g RNb¨ wg_¨Pvix e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
gvmiƒK e‡jb, Avwg ZLb †njvb w`‡q wQjvg| Zuvi K_vq Avwg D‡V emjvg Ges ejjvg: †n gywgbM‡Yi gvZv, Avcwb Avgv‡K
GKUz K_v ej‡Z w`b, Avgvi Av‡MB Avcbvi e³e¨ †kl Ki‡eb bv| Avj­vn wK e‡jb wb: Ò†m †Zv Zv‡K ¯úó w`M‡š—
†`‡LwQjÓ 421 , Òwbðq Zv‡K †m Av‡iKevi †`‡LwQjÓ 422 ?
Av‡qkv (iv) e‡jb: G D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ AvwgB me©cÖ_g e¨w³ †h G m¤ú‡K© ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K wRÁvmv K‡iwQj|
ivm~jyj­vn � Dˇi e‡jb: ÒG n‡jv wReix‡ji K_v| Avj­vn Zuv‡K †h AvK…wZ‡Z m„wó K‡i‡Qb Avwg GB `yevi Qvov Avi
KL‡bv Zuv‡K Zuvi †mB cªK…Z AvK…wZ‡Z †`wL wb| Avwg †`Ljvg wZwb AvKvk †_‡K †b‡g Avm‡Qb| Zuvi AvK…wZi wekvjZ¡
AvKvk I c„w_exi ga¨eZ©x mewKQz Aei“× K‡i w`‡”Q|Ó Av‡qkv e‡jb: Zzwg wK Avj­vn‡K ej‡Z †kvb wb: ÒwZwb `„wói
AwaMg¨ bb, wKš‘ `„wókw³ Zuvi AwaMZ; Ges wZwbB m~²`k©x, mg¨K cwiÁvZÓ 423 ? Zzwg wK Avj­vn‡K ej‡Z †kvb wb:
Ò‡Kv‡bv gvby‡li Rb¨B m¤¢e bq †h, Avj­vn Zvi mv‡_ K_v ej‡eb Inxi gva¨g e¨wZ‡i‡K, A_ev c`©vi Aš—ivj e¨wZ‡i‡K,
A_ev Ggb `~Z †cÖiY e¨wZ‡i‡K, †h `~Z Zvi AbygwZµ‡g wZwb hv Pvb Zv e¨³ K‡ib, wZwb mgybœZ, cÖÁvgqÓ 424 ?
Av‡qkv (iv) e‡jb, Avi †h e¨w³ g‡b K‡i †h, ivm~jyj­vn � Avj­vni wKZv‡ei wKQz welq †Mvcb †i‡L wM‡q‡Qb †mI
Avj­vni bv‡g RNb¨ wg_¨vPv‡i wjß, A_P Avj­vn e‡jb: Ò†n ivm~j, Avcbvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki c †_‡K Avcbvi Dci hv AeZxY©
Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv Avcwb cÖPvi Ki“b| hw` Avcwb Zv bv K‡ib Zvn‡j Avcwb Avj­vni evZ©v cÖPvi Ki‡jb bv|Ó 425 wZwb Av‡iv
e‡jb: Avi †h e¨w³ g‡b K‡i †h, ivm~jyj­vn � AvMvgxKvj (fwel¨‡Z) wK n‡e Zv ej‡Zb (Ab¨ eY©bvq: Avi †h e¨w³ g‡b
K‡i †h, wZwb AvMvgxKv‡j (fwel¨‡Z) Kx Av‡Q Zv Rvb‡Zb) Z‡e †mI Avj­vni bv‡g RNb¨ wg_¨vPv‡i wjß, A_P Avj­vn
e‡jb 426 : ÒAvcwb ejyb: Avj­vn e¨ZxZ AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_ex‡Z †KDB A`„k¨ (MvBe) wel‡qi Ávb iv‡L bv|Ó 427
4. 2. 7. 5. AvK…wZ cwieZ©b I aviY
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv wek¦vm Kwi †h, gvjvKMY Avj­vni wb‡`©‡k wewfbœ AvK…wZ aviY Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
Cmv (Av)-Gi Av¤§v gviBqvg (Av)-Gi gvZ…‡Z¡i NUbv eY©bvq Avvj­vn e‡jb:
117
ﺎ�ﻴﹺﻭ�ﺴ ﺍ�ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟ َلﱠﺜ�ﻤﹶﺘﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺤﻭ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺄﹶﻓ
ÒZLb Avwg Zvi (gviBqv‡gi) Kv‡Q Avgvi i“n‡K (cweÎ AvZ¥v: wReªvCj) †cÖiY Kijvg, †m Zuvi wbKU c~Y© gvbe AvK…wZ‡Z
AvZ¥cÖKvk Kij|Ó 428
nv`x‡mI G wel‡q wewfbœ eY©bv i‡q‡Q| G mKj eY©bv †_‡K Avgiv †`wL †h, †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv mgq wReªvCj (Av) gvby‡li
AvK…wZ‡Z ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wbKU Dcw¯’Z n‡Zb| KL‡bv gvby‡li †e‡k Inx wb‡q Avm‡Zb| KL‡bv gvby‡li †e‡k G‡m ivm~jyj­vn
�-Gi wbKU e‡m mvnvex‡`i mvg‡b Bmjv‡gi wewfbœ w`K m¤ú‡K© cÖkœ K‡i‡Qb, hv‡Z Dcw¯’Z mvnvexMY cÖ‡kœvˇii gva¨‡g
Bmjv‡gi cÖ‡qvRbxq weavbvejx Rvb‡Z cv‡ib| 429
4. 2. 8. gvjvKM‡Yi Kg© I `vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© wek¦vm
4. 2. 8. 1. Avj­vni mve©wYK Bev`Z I Zvmexn
gvjvBKv ev wdwikZvMY gvbexq `~e©jZv, K¬vwš—, Kvgbv evmbv ev cv‡c”Qv †_‡K gy³| Zuviv me©`v K¬vwš—nxbfv‡e
Avj­vni ¸YMvb K‡ib Ges Zuvi wb‡`k© cvjb K‡ib| B‡Zvc~‡e© GKwU Avqv‡Z Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, gvjvKM‡bi wel‡q Avj­vn
e‡j‡Qb: ÒZviv †Zv Zuvi m¤§vwbZ ev›`v| Zviv Av‡M †e‡o K_v e‡j bv; Zviv †Zv Zuvi Av‡`k Abymv‡iB KvR K‡i _v‡K|Ó
Ab¨Î Avj­vn Zuv‡`i wel‡q e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌﹾﻔ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭ�ﺼ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ
ÒAvj­vn Zvu‡`i‡K †h wb‡`©k †`b Zv Zvuiv j•Nb K‡i bv Ges Zvu‡`i‡K †h wb‡`©k †`Iqv nq Zv Zvuiv cvjb
K‡i|Ó 430
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:

118
ﻻ �ﺭﺎـ�ﻬﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ َل�ﻴﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﺴ�ﺤﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹺﺒﹾﻜﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻩ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ
�ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻟ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹸﺘﹾﻔ�ﻴ
AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_ex‡Z hviv Av‡Q Zviv ZuviB (Avj­vniB)| Avi Zuvi mvwbœ‡a¨ hviv Av‡Q Zviv An¼vie‡k Zuvi Bev`Z
Kiv n‡Z wegyL nq bv Ges K¬vwš—I †eva K‡i bv| Zviv w`ev-ivÎ Zuvi cweÎZv I gwngv †NvlYv K‡i, Zviv ˆkw_j¨ K‡i bv|Ó 431
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﺠ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻪﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﻨﻭ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹺﺒﹾﻜﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
Òhviv †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki mvwbœ‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Zviv AnsKv‡i Zuvi Bev`‡Z wegyL nq bv, ZuviB gwngv †NvlYv K‡i Ges
ZuviB wbKU mvR`vebZ nq|Ó 432
4. 2. 8. 2. Kg©wbe©vn I Kg©eÈb
mvaviYfv‡e Avj­vni Bev`Z, Zvmexn I Zuvi gvnvZ¥¨ eY©bv Kiv QvovI gvjvKMY Avj­vni c †_‡K Zuv‡`i‡K cÖ`Ë
wewfbœ `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| gnvb Avj­vn wek¦ cwiPvjbvq Zuvi wb‡`©k ev¯—evq‡bi Rb¨ Zuv‡`i‡K `vwqZ¡ †`b| gnvb Avj­vn
e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ �ﺕﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒ�ﺩ�ﻤﹾﻟﺎﹶﻓ ﺎﹰﻘ�ﺒ�ﺴ �ﺕﺎﹶﻘﹺﺒﺎ�ﺴﻟﺎﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴ �ﺕﺎ�ﺤﹺﺒﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﺎﹰﻁﹾﺸﹶﻨ �ﺕﺎﹶﻁ�ﺸﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﺎﹰﻗ�ﺭﹶﻏ �ﺕﺎ�ﻋﹺﺯﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ
Òkc_ Zv‡`i hviv wbg©gfv‡e DrcvUb K‡i| Ges hviv g„`yfv‡e eÜbgy³ K‡i †`q| Ges hviv Zxeª MwZ‡Z mš—iY K‡i|
Avi hviv `ª“Z‡e‡M AMÖmi nq| AZtci hviv Kg© wbe©vn K‡i|Ó 433
gydvm&wmiMY D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, GLv‡b gvjvKMY‡KB eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Zuv‡`i †KD Kvwdi‡`i cÖvY wbg©gfv‡e
DrcvUb K‡ib, †KD gywg‡bi cÖvY g„`yfv‡e eÜbgy³ K‡ib, †KD Avj­vni wb‡`©kvewj wb‡q gnvwe‡k¦ mš—iY, PjvPj ev
hvZvqvZ K‡ib Ges †KD Avj­vni wb‡`©wkZ Kg©mg~n wbe©vn K‡ib| Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ �ﺕﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﹶﻘ�ﻤﹾﻟﺎﹶﻓ
Òkc_ Kg©eÈbKvixM‡Yi (Kg©eÈbKvix gvjvKM‡Yi)|Ó 434
Gfv‡e Avgiv mvaviYfv‡e wdwikZv‡`i `vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvwi| GQvov KziAvb I nv`x‡mi eY©bv †_‡K Avgiv
Zuv‡`i wewfbœ we‡kl `vwqZ¡ I Kg© m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvwi| Zuv‡`i G mKj `vwqZ¡ I K‡g©i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:
4. 2. 8. 3. Inx †cuŠQv‡bv
gvjvKM‡Yi GKwU †gŠwjK `wqZ¡ bex ivm~jM‡Yi wbKU Avj­vni Inx †cuŠQvb| wReivCj (Av)-Gi bvg I cwiPq
welqK Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv G wel‡q Avgiv K‡qKwU AvqvZ †`‡LwQ| 435
4. 2. 8. 4. gvby‡li iYv‡eY
gvjvKM‡Yi Ab¨ GKwU `vwqZ¡ Avj­vni ûKz‡g ZuviB gwR©gZ gvby‡li iYv‡eY Kiv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﺭ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻨﻭﹸﻅﹶﻔ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻪ�ﻔﹾﻠﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻴ�ﺩ�ﻴ ﹺﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹲﺕﺎ�ﺒﱢﻘ�ﻌ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻟ
Ògvby‡li Rb¨ Zvi mvg‡b I Zvi wcQ‡b G‡Ki ci GK cÖnix _v‡K, Zviv Avj­vni Av‡`‡k Zvi iYv‡eY
K‡i|Ó 436
4. 2. 8. 5. gvbyl‡K Kj¨vY-K‡g© Drmvn cÖ`vb
Avãyj­vn Beby gvmE` (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb:
�ﺩﺎـ�ﻌﻴِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻙـﹶﻠ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﺔـ�ﻤﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤَﺃ�ﻭ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﺏﻴ�ﺫﹾﻜﹶﺘ�ﻭ �ﺭﱠﺸﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﺩﺎ�ﻌﻴِﺈﹶﻓ ﹺﻥﺎﹶﻁ�ﻴﱠﺸﻟﺍ ﹸﺔ�ﻤﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤَﺄﹶﻓ ﹰﺔ�ﻤﹶﻟ �ﻙﹶﻠ�ﻤﹾﻠِﻟ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﺩﺁ ﹺﻥ�ﺒﺎﹺﺒ ﹰﺔ�ﻤﹶﻟ ﹺﻥﺎﹶﻁ�ﻴﱠﺸﻠِﻟ �ﻥِﺇ
ﺔﻴﻵﺍ ( �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﺤﹶﻔﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺭ�ﻤْﺄ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﺭﹾﻘﹶﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥﺎﹶﻁ�ﻴﱠﺸﻟﺍ ) : َﺃ�ﺭﹶﻗ �ﻡﹸﺜ ... ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﹲﻕﻴ�ﺩ�ﺼﹶﺘ�ﻭ ﹺﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ
ÒkqZvb gvby‡li g‡b †cÖiYv RvMvq, Avevi gvjvKI (wdwikvZI) gvby‡li g‡b †cÖiYv RvMvq| kqZv‡bi †cÖiYv Aïf
I AKj¨v‡bi Iqv`v Kiv Ges mZ¨‡K A¯^xKvi Kivi †cÖiYv| gvjv‡Ki †cÖiYv n‡jv Kj¨v‡Yi I g½‡ji Iqv`v Kiv Ges
mZ¨‡K ‡g‡b †bqv| ... Gici wZwb KziAv‡bi wb‡gœv³ AvqvZwU 437 cvV K‡ib: ÒkqZvb †Zvgv‡`i‡K `vwi‡`ªi fq †`Lvq
Ges Ak­jZv-Kvc©‡Y¨i wb‡`©k †`q| Avi Avj­vn †Zvgv‡`i‡K Zuvi gv I AbyMÖ‡ni cÖwZkÖ“wZ cÖ`vb K‡ib| Avj­vn cÖvPzh©gq,

me©Á|Ó 438
4. 2. 8. 6. gywgb‡`i Rb¨ `yÔAv Kiv
gvjvKM‡Yi GKwU we‡kl Kg© wek¦vmx‡`i Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ Avj­vni Kv‡Q mycvwik I `yÔAv Kiv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﱠلـﹸﻜ ﹶﺕ�ﻌـ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻠِﻟ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻪﹶﻟ�ﻭ�ﺤ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹶﺵ�ﺭ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ
�ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﺘ�ﺩ�ﻋ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻟﺍ ﹴﻥ�ﺩ�ﻋ �ﺕﺎﱠﻨ�ﺠ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻠ�ﺨ�ﺩَﺃ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺒ�ﺭ . ﹺﻡﻴ�ﺤ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ �ﺏﺍﹶﺫ�ﻋ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻗ�ﻭ �ﻙﹶﻠﻴﹺﺒ�ﺴ ﺍﻭ�ﻌ�ﺒﱠﺘﺍ�ﻭ ﺍﻭ�ﺒﺎﹶﺘ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻠِﻟ �ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻏﺎﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻤﹾﻠ�ﻋ�ﻭ ﹰﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ
�ﻙـِﻟﹶﺫ�ﻭ
�ﻪﹶﺘ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﺕﺎَﺌ�ﻴ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻕﹶﺘ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺕﺎَﺌ�ﻴ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻗ�ﻭ �ﻡﻴ�ﻜ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺯﻴﹺﺯ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻙﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺘﺎ�ﻴ�ﺭﹸﺫ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬﹺﺠﺍ�ﻭ�ﺯَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬِﺌﺎ�ﺒَﺁ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺢﹶﻠ�ﺼ
�ﻡﻴ�ﻅ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺯ�ﻭﹶﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ
Òhviv Avi&k aviY K‡i Av‡Q Ges hviv Zvi PZzc©vk¦ wN‡i Av‡Q Zviv Zv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki cweÎZv I gwngv †NvlYv
K‡i cÖksmvi mv‡_ Ges Zuvi cÖwZ wek¦vm ¯’vcb K‡i Ges gywgb‡`i Rb¨ gv cÖv_©bv K‡i e‡j, Ô‡n Avgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK,
†Zvgvi `qv I Ávb me©e¨vcx, AZGe hviv ZIev K‡i Ges †Zvgvi c_ Aej¤^b K‡i Zzwg Zv‡`i gv Ki Ges Rvnvbœv‡gi
kvw¯— n‡Z iv Ki| †n Avgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK, Zzwg Zv‡`i‡K `vwLj Ki ¯’vqx Rvbœv‡Z, hvi cÖwZkÖ“wZ Zzwg Zv‡`i‡K w`‡qQ,
Ges Zv‡`i wcZv-gvZv, cwZ-cwZœ I mš—vb-mš—wZ‡`i g‡a¨ hviv mr Zv‡`i‡KI| Zzwg †Zv civµgkvjx, cÖÁvgq|Ó 439
wewfbœ nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, `vb, Abycw¯’Z gvbyl‡`i Rb¨ `yÔAv I Ab¨vb¨ mrK‡g© wjß gywgb‡`i Rb¨ wdwikZvMY
`yÔAv K‡ib|
4. 2. 8. 7. gvby‡li Kg© wjwce× Kiv
KziAvb Kvix‡gi A‡bK AvqvZ I wewfbœ nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, Avj­vn cÖwZwU gvby‡li mv‡_ gvjvK wb‡qvM
K‡i‡Qb Zvi mr-Amr mKj Kg© wjwce× Kivi Rb¨| KziAvb Kvix‡g Zuv‡`i‡K ÓwKivgvb KvwZexbÓ ev m¤§vwbZ †jLKMY e‡j
AvL¨vwqZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avj­vn e‡jb:
119
�ﺩﻴ�ﺘ�ﻋ �ﺏﻴ�ﻗ�ﺭ �ﻪ�ﻴ�ﺩﹶﻟ ﻻِﺇ ٍل�ﻭﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹸﻅ�ﻔﹾﻠ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺩﻴ�ﻌﹶﻗ ِلﺎ�ﻤﱢﺸﻟﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻋ�ﻭ ﹺﻥﻴ�ﻤ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻋ ﹺﻥﺎ�ﻴﱢﻘﹶﻠﹶﺘ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﱠﻘﹶﻠﹶﺘ�ﻴ ﹾﺫِﺇ
Ò`yB MÖnYKvix (wdwikZv) Zvi Wv‡b I ev‡g e‡m Zvi Kg© wjwce×| gvbyl †h K_vB D”PviY K‡i Zv wjwce× Kivi
Rb¨ Zrci cÖnix Zvi wbK‡UB i‡q‡Q|Ó 440
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌﹾﻔﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﺘﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﺍ�ﺭ �ﻜ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻅ�ﻓﺎ�ﺤﹶﻟ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒAek¨B Av‡Q †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ ZË¡veavqKMY; m¤§vwbZ wjwcKvie„›`| Zviv Rv‡b †Zvgiv hv Ki|Ó 441
4. 2. 8. 8. g„Zz¨i mgq AvZ¥vMÖnY
KziAvb- nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Rvwb †h, g„Zz¨i mgq gvby‡li AvZ¥v MÖnY Kivi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q GK`j
gvjvK‡K| Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻁ�ﺭﹶﻔ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨﹸﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻪﹾﺘﱠﻓ�ﻭﹶﺘ ﹸﺕ�ﻭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﺀﺎ�ﺠ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ
ÒAe‡k‡l hLb †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡iv g„Zz¨Kvj Dcw¯’Z nq ZLb Avgvi †cÖwiZ `~ZMY Zvi g„Zz¨ NUvq Ges Zviv †Kv‡bv ΓwU
K‡i bv|Ó 442
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﺭﹸﺘ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻡﹸﻜﹺﺒ َلﱢﻜ�ﻭ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﺕ�ﻭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻙﹶﻠ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎﱠﻓ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﻴ ْلﹸﻗ
ÒAvcwb ejyb, †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ wbhy³ ÔgvjvKzj gvIZÕ (g„Zz¨i gvjvK) †Zvgv‡`i cÖvY niY Ki‡e| Ae‡k‡l †Zvgiv
†Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU cÖZ¨vbxZ n‡e|Ó 443
KziAv‡b ev wbf©i‡hvM¨ nv`x‡m ÔgvjvKzj gvD‡ZiÕ bvg D‡j­L Kiv nqwb| Z‡e †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gydvm&wmi Zuvi bvg
AvhivCj e‡j D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| cieZx© hvgvbvi gymwjg‡`i g‡a¨ GB bvgB cÖwm×| 444
4. 2. 8. 9. Avik enb Kiv
gvjvBKv ev wdwikZvM‡Yi GKwU we‡kl Kg© gnvb Avi&k enb Kiv| G wel‡q KziAv‡bi GKwU AvqvZ Avgiv
B‡Zvc~‡e© D‡j­L K‡iwQ| gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb: Òhviv Avi&k aviY K‡i Av‡Q Ges hviv Zvi PZzc©vk¦ wN‡i Av‡Q Zviv Zv‡`i

cÖwZcvj‡Ki cweÎZv I gwngv †NvlYv K‡i cÖksmvi mv‡_ Ges Zuvi cÖwZ wek¦vm ¯’vcb K‡i Ges gywgb‡`i Rb¨ gv cÖv_©bv
K‡i...|Ó Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡jb:
120
ﹲﺔ�ﻴ�ﻨﺎ�ﻤﹶﺜ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻗ�ﻭﹶﻓ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﹶﺵ�ﺭ�ﻋ ُل�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻴ�ﻭ
ÒGes †mBw`b AvURb (gvjvK) Zv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki Avi&k‡K aviY Ki‡e Zv‡`i E‡aŸ©|Ó 445
4. 2. 8. 10. Ab¨vb¨ Kg©
GQvov KziAvb I nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Rvwb †h, Avj­vn wewfbœ m„wói cwiPvjbv I ibv‡e‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ †kªYxi
gvjvK‡K `vwqZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb| Pvù -m~‡h©i Rb¨, cvnvo-ce©‡Zi Rb¨, AvKv‡ki wewfbœ ¯’v‡bi Rb¨, ‡g‡Ni Rb¨, e„wói Rb¨,
gvZ…M‡f©i 哇bi Rb¨, Rvnvbœv‡gi iYv‡e‡Yi Rb¨, cvcx‡`i kvw¯—`v‡bi Rb¨, RvbœvZevmx gywgb‡`i ‡L`gZ I kvwš—`v‡bi
Rb¨ wewfbœ gvjvK‡K `wqZ¡ cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb Avj­vn|
gymwjg‡`i wRwK‡ii gvRwjm, Av‡jvPbvi gRwjm, Bj‡gi gvRwjm, mvjv‡Zi RvgvZ BZ¨vw` mrK‡g© Dcw¯’Z _v‡Kb wKQz
gvjvK, we‡k¦i mKj cÖvš— †_‡K ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Rb¨ †cÖwiZ mvjvZ I mvjvg Zvui iIhv gyevi‡K †cŠu‡Q †`b wKQz gvjvK, g„Zz¨i
c‡i ev Ke‡i g„Z e¨w³‡K cÖkœ Kivi `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ Av‡Qb gybKvi bvwKi bvgK gvjvK| ÔgvwjKÕ (Av)-‡K w`‡q‡Qb
Rvnvbœv‡gi ZZ¡veav‡bi `vwq‡Z¡| Bmªvwdj (Av)-†K w`‡q‡Qb wKqvg‡Zi wmsMvq dzrKvi `v‡bi `vwqZ¡| wgKvCj wdwikZv e„wócvZ
I dj-dm‡ji `vwq‡Z¡& wb‡qvwRZ| Gfv‡e wewfbœ nv`xm †_‡K wek¦RM‡Zi wewfbœ m„wói Rb¨ `vwqZ¡cÖvß wewfbœ wdwikZv‡`i K_v
Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi hviv wek¦RMZ cwiPvjbvq Avj­vni B”Qv I wb‡`©‡ki ev¯—evqb K‡ib| ZvB gymwjgiv wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Pvù ,
m~h©, †gN, e„wó BZ¨vw` Avj­vni mKj m„wó †hgb ZvuiB m„ó cÖvK…wZK wbq‡gi Aaxb, †Zgwb GmKj m„wói g‡a¨ Avj­vni wbqg I
wb‡`©k ev¯—evq‡bi Rb¨ i‡q‡Qb `vwqZ¡cÖvß gvjvKMY| mKj m„wó ZvuiB wbqš¿‡b, mKj cÖvK…wZK wbqg ZvuiB m„wó, wdwikZvMY
ZvuiB `vm| mewKQz Zvui B”Qv I wb‡`©‡ki Aax‡b| GKgvÎ Zvui B”QvB P‚ovš—, wZwbB me©gq gZvi AwaKvix| 446
4. 2. 9. gvjvKMY welqK weåvwš—
Av‡MB D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, wdwikZvMY A`„k¨ RM‡Zi Ask| Zuv‡`i Dci wek¦v‡mi †‡Î Avgiv KziAvb I nv`x‡mi
AvwiK AbymiY I wek¦vmB gywg‡bi bvRv‡Zi GKgvÎ c_| MvBex wel‡q Inxi mv‡_ Kíbv, aviYv, hyw³ BZ¨vw` wgwkªZ K‡i
Inxi AwZwi³ wKQz ejv weåvwš—i c_ Db¥y³ K‡i| gvjvKM‡Yi wel‡q G ai‡bi wKQz weåvwš—‡Z wbcwZZ n‡q‡Q c~e©eZ©x †Kv‡bv
†Kv‡bv RvwZ|
4. 2. 9. 1. `vwqZ¡ ebvg gZv
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Avj­vn wdwikZv‡`i‡K `vwqZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb, gZv †`b wb| GB `vwqZ¡‡K AZxZ
Kv‡ji A‡bK weåvš— m¤cÖ`vq ÔgZvÕ e‡j wek¦vm K‡i‡Q| Gici Zviv G mKj ÔgvjvKÕ ev wdwikZv‡K fw³i bv‡g Bev`Z
K‡i‡Q Ges G‡`i Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv K‡i‡Q| GLv‡b Av‡iv jYxq †h, gnvb Avj­vn gvjvK‡`i‡K `vwqZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb| †Kv‡bv
RxweZ ev g„Z gvbyl‡K †Kv‡bviƒc `vwqZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb e‡j Rvbvb wb| wKš‘ A‡bK weåvš— RvwZ Zv‡`i ga¨Kvi A‡bK bex, Ijx,
ÔexiÕ ÔmvayÕ ev ÔmrÕ gvbyl‡K g„Zz¨i c‡i ÔgvjvKM‡YiÕ gZ Ô`vwqZ¡cÖvßÕ e‡j wewfbœ hyw³ w`‡q `vwe K‡i‡Q| Gici Zviv
`vwqZ¡‡K gZv e‡j Kíbv K‡i‡Q| Gici Zviv Zv‡`i Bev`Z K‡i‡Q ev Zv‡`i Kv‡Q MvBex ev A‡jŠwKK mvnvh¨ †P‡q‡Q|
gymwjg wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Avj­vn e„wócv‡Zi †‡Î Zvi B”Qv I wb‡`©k‡K ev¯—evq‡bi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv
wdwikZv‡K, wKš‘ ZvB e‡j wewfbœ Awek¦vmx m¤cÖ`v‡qi gZ †mB wdwikZv‡K e„wói †`eZv g‡b K‡i Zvi Kv‡Q e„wó †P‡q cÖv_©bv
K‡ib bv| Abyiƒcfv‡e gymwjgiv wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Avj­vn cÖvY msnv‡ii Rb¨ `vwqZ¡ w`†q‡Qb †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv wdwikZv‡K, wKš‘ ZvB
e‡j Zviv †mB wdwikZv‡K cÖvY msnv‡ii gZvkvjx g‡b K‡i `xNv©q~ †P‡q Zvi Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv K‡ib bv|
Gfv‡e Avgiv gvjvKMY m¤ú‡K© gymwjg I Agymwjg wek¦v‡mi cv_©K¨ eyS‡Z cviwQ| GKRb gymwjg wek¦vm K‡ib †h,
mKj gZv I kw³ GKgvÎ Avj­vni| Zvui B”QvB P‚ovš—| wZwb †hgb Av‡jv I Zvc `v‡bi Rb¨ m~h©‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb, Rxe‡bi
Drm wn‡m‡e cvwb‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb, evZvm cÖevn, e„wócvZ, Av‡jvQvqvi Rb¨ wbw`©ó wbqg m„wó K‡i‡Qb, †Zgwb wZwb gvjvKMY‡K
wewfbœ `vwqZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb| wZwb B”Qv Ki‡jB m~h© QvovB Av‡jv I Zvc w`‡Z cv‡ib ev cvwb QvovB dmj w`‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e wZwb
GB gnvwek¦‡K GKwU my›`i I mywbqwš¿Z wbq‡gi g‡a¨ m„wó K‡i‡Qb| we‡k¦i Avi me m„wói gZ wdwikZvivI Avj­vni AvbyMZ¨
K‡ib Ges ZvuiB B”Qv ev¯—evqb K‡ib| ZvB Avgiv wdwikZv‡K m¤§vb Kwi, Zvu‡`i‡K fvjevwm, Avj­vni Kv‡Q Zvu‡`i Kj¨vY I
kvwš— †P‡q `yÔAv Kwi Ges ewj (AvjvBwngy mvjvg: Zuv‡`i Dci kvwš— †nvK), wKš‘ KLbB Zuv‡`i Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv Kwi bv, Zuv‡`i‡K
Dcvmbv Kwi bv, Zvu‡`i‡K WvwK bv|
4. 2. 9. 2. m¤úK© I mycvwik
KziAvbyj Kix‡gi wewfbœ AvqvZ †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, cÖvPxbKvj †_‡K wewfbœ †`‡ki gvby‡liv gvjvK ev
wdwikZvi Aw¯—‡Z¡ wek¦vm KiZ| Zv‡`i GB wek¦vm wQj wewfbœ Ag~jK aviYv Ges Kzms¯‹vi wgwkªZ| Zviv wek¦vm KiZ †h,
gvjvKMY Avj­vni we‡kl m„wó| Zviv gvby‡li †_‡K DbœZ I m¤§vwbZ| Avj­vni mv‡_ Zv‡`i we‡kl m¤úK© i‡q‡Q Ges Zv‡`i
i‡q‡Q wewfbœ gZv ev Hk¦wiK kw³|

KziAv‡bi eY©bvq Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, gykwiKMY gvjvKMY‡K Avj­vni Kb¨v e‡j wek¦vm KiZ| 447 G‡ZB Zviv vš—
n‡Zv bv, eis Zuv‡`i kvdvqvZ I mycvwik jv‡fi Avkvq Zviv Zv‡`i Bev`Z Dcvmbv KiZ ev Zv‡`i‡K WvKZ| GQvov Ab¨
A‡bK gvbe †Mvôx wewfbœ mr gvbyl ev bex-ivm~j‡K Avj­vni mš—vb e‡j wek¦vm K‡i Zv‡`i kvdvqvZ-mycvwik jv‡fi Rb¨ Zv‡`i
Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv KiZ| KviY, †h‡nZz Giv we‡kl m„wó I we‡kl m¤ú‡K©i AwaKvix, †m‡nZz Avj­vn G‡`i mycvwik †dj‡eb bv|
KziAvb Kvix‡gi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Awek¦vmx‡`i weåvwš— cÖKvk Kiv n‡q‡Q| G welqK K‡qKwU AvqvZ Avgiv Dc‡i †`‡LwQ| GK ¯’v‡b
gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻡﹺﻬﻴ�ﺩـ�ﻴَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻩﹺﺭ�ﻤَﺄﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ ِل�ﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻪﹶﻨﻭﹸﻘﹺﺒ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤ�ﺭﹾﻜ�ﻤ �ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ ْل�ﺒ �ﻪﹶﻨﺎ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴ ﺍ�ﺩﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﹶﺫﹶﺨﱠﺘﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ
�ﻡﱠﻨ�ﻬ�ﺠ �ﻪﻴﹺﺯ�ﺠﹶﻨ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ْلﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ . �ﻥﻭﹸﻘ�ﻔﹾﺸ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻴﹾﺸﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﻰ�ﻀﹶﺘ�ﺭﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻤِﻟ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﻌﹶﻔﹾﺸ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻔﹾﻠﹶﺨ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻟﺍ ﻱﹺﺯ�ﺠﹶﻨ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻜ
ÒZviv e‡j, Ô`qvgq mš—vb MÖnY K‡i‡Qb|Õ wZwb cweÎ, gnvb! Zviv †Zv Zuvi m¤§vwbZ ev›`v| Zviv Av‡M †e‡o K_v e‡j
bv; Zviv †Zv Zuvi Av‡`k Abymv‡iB KvR K‡i _v‡K| Zv‡`i m¤§y‡L I cðv‡Z hv wKQz Av‡Q Zv wZwb AeMZ| wZwb hv‡`i cÖwZ
mš‘ó Zv‡`i Qvov Avi Kv‡iv Rb¨ Zviv mycvwik K‡i bv Ges Zviv Zuvi f‡q fxZ-mš¿¯—| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †h ej‡e ÔAvwg Bjvn Avj­vn
e¨ZxZÕ, Zv‡K Avwg cÖwZdj w`e Rvnvbœvg; Gfv‡eB Avwg Rvwjg‡`i‡K kvw¯— w`‡q _vwK|Ó 448
gnvb Avj­vn gvjvKM‡Yi ev Avj­vni Ab¨vb¨ m¤§vwbZ m„wói ÔkvdvÔAv‡ZiÕ my‡hvM A¯^xKvi K‡ib wb| Z‡e G‡‡Î
Kvwdi‡`i ÔweK…wZÕi cÖwZev` K‡i‡Qb| KvwdiMY Avj­vni mv‡_ gvjvKMY ev Avj­vni wcÖq m¤§vwbZ ev›`vM‡Yi m¤úK©‡K c„w_exi
ivRvev`kvi mv‡_ Avgjv-PvgPv‡`i m¤ú‡K©i gZ g‡b K‡i‡Q| c„w_exi kvmK ev ivRvi AÁv‡Z Ab¨vqKvix Zvi †Kv‡bv
wcÖqcv·K †ZvqvR K‡i mycvwik Av`vq K‡i wb‡Z cv‡i| Avi Giƒc mycvwi‡k kvmK ev ivRv cÖfvweZ n‡q wm×vš— †bb| Avi
G‡‡Î mycvwik cÖv_©x D³ ÔAvgjvÕ-‡K †h‡Kv‡bv cÖKv‡i fw³ ev †ZvqvR K‡i mycvwik Av`v‡qi †Póv K‡ib| D³ ivRv‡K †hgb
fw³ †ZvqvR K‡ib, Avgjv‡KI Z`ªƒc ev Zvi †P‡q †ewk Ki‡jI Amyweav †bB|
Avj­vn Zv‡`i G mKj weåvwš—i ¯^iƒc Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| cÖ_gZ wdwikZvMY ev Avj­vni Ab¨vb¨ wcÖq ev›`MY ÔAvj­vni
ev›`vÕ, Avj­vni mš—vb bb, ev Avj­vni mv‡_ Zv‡`i m„wóMZ †Kv‡bv m¤úK© †bB, †Kv‡bv we‡kl m¤úK© †bB ev Zvu‡`i †Kv‡bv
Hk¦wiK gZv †bB| Zuv‡`i †KD Zuvi Aeva¨ n‡j ev †Kv‡bv cÖKv‡ii Bk¦iZ¡ ev Dcvm¨ nevi `vex Ki‡j Zv‡`i‡K I Ab¨
mKj AZ¨vPvix cvcxi gZ kvw¯— †c‡Z n‡e|
gvjvKMY ev Avj­vni Ab¨vb¨ wcÖq ev›`M‡Yi mycvwik KL‡bvB RvMwZK ivRv-ev`kvnM‡Yi Kv‡Q Avgjv‡`i mycvwi‡ki gZ
bq| Avj­vn me©Á| wdwikZvMY ev †bK ev›`vMY m`v me©`v ZuviB f‡q fxZ| Zuviv ïay Avj­vni wcÖq ev›`v‡`i Rb¨B Avj­vni Kv‡Q
kvdvAvZ K‡ib| hv‡`i‡K Avj­vn cQ›` K‡ib bv Zv‡`i Rb¨ Zuviv Avj­vni Kv‡Q kvdvAvZ K‡ib bv| Kv‡RB cvc, wkiK I
Awek¦v‡m wjß †_‡K wdwikZv‡`i kvdvAv‡Zi Avkv Kiv Kvwdi‡`i Aev¯—e Kíbv| Avi †Kv‡bv Kvwdi hw` fw³i bv‡g ev
kvdvÔAv‡Zi Avkvq Zv‡`i KvD‡K ÔBev`ZÕ K‡i Avi wZwb Zv‡Z mš‘ó nq Z‡e Avj­vn Zvi Rb¨I fq¼i kvw¯—i msev` w`‡q‡Qb|
G wel‡q Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﻰ�ﻀ�ﺭ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤِﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﹶﺫْﺄ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﺘ�ﻋﺎﹶﻔﹶﺸ ﻲ�ﻨﹾﻐﹸﺘ ﻻ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻙﹶﻠ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻜ�ﻭ
ÒAvKv‡k KZ wdwikZv i‡q‡Q Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv mycvwik djcÖmy n‡e bv hZY bv Avj­vn hv‡K B”Qv AbygwZ bv
†`b|Ó 449
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻙـﹾﻠ�ﻤ �ﻪـﹶﻟ ﺎـ�ﻌﻴ�ﻤ�ﺠ ﹸﺔ�ﻋﺎﹶﻔـﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻘ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜ�ﻠ�ﻤ�ﻴ ﻻ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭَﺃ ْلﹸﻗ �ﺀﺎ�ﻌﹶﻔﹸﺸ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﺫﹶﺨﱠﺘﺍ ﹺﻡَﺃ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﺭﹸﺘ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ
ÒZ‡e wK Zviv Avj­vn e¨ZxZ Aci‡K mycvwikKvix a‡i‡Q? ejyb: Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv gZv bv _vK‡I Ges Zviv bv
eyS‡jI?Õ ejyb: ÔmKj mycvwik Avj­vniB BLwZqv‡i, AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_exi mve©‡fŠgZ¡ Avj­vniB; AZci ZuviB wbKU
†Zvgiv cÖZ¨vbxZ n‡e|Ó 450
Gfv‡e KziAvb gvjvKM‡Yi kvdvÔAvZ A¯^xKvi Ki‡Q bv| Z‡e Zv‡`i kvdvÔAv‡Zi gvwjKvbv ev gZvi aviYvi
wfwËnxbZv eY©bv Ki‡Q| kvdvÔAv‡Zi gvwjKvbv I gZv GKgvÎ Avj­vni| wZwb hv‡K B”Qv hLb AbygwZ cÖ`vb Ki‡eb †m
ZLb †KejgvÎ hv‡`i cÖwZ Avj­vn mš‘ó i‡q‡Qb Zv‡`iB mycvwik Ki‡eb|
4. 2. 10. gvjvKM‡Y wek¦v‡mi Kj¨vY
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, A`„k¨ RM‡Zi wel‡q Avj­vn Avgv‡`i‡K †KejgvÎ †m mKj welqB Rvwb‡q‡Qb Ges wek¦vm Ki‡Z
121

wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb hvi wek¦vm Avgv‡`i Rxe‡b Kj¨vY I c~Y©Zv e‡q Av‡b| Avgiv GKUy wPš—v Ki‡jB gvjvKM‡Y wek¦v‡mi Kj¨vY
Abyfe Ki‡Z cvie|
GB wek¦v‡mi me‡P‡q eo Kj¨vY, Avgiv Avj­vni GB m¤§vwbZ ev›`v‡`i m¤ú‡K© mwVK Ávb jvf Kwi Ges G wel‡q
wewfbœ mgv‡R cÖPwjZ bvbv ai‡Yi K‚ms¯‹vi, AjxK wek¦vm, AwZfw³, wkiK BZ¨vw` †_‡K Avgiv iv cvB, †h mKj
Kzms¯‹vi gvby‡li Bn‡jŠwKK Rxeb‡K Aw¯’iwPË, fxZ mš¿¯’ K‡i Zz‡j, Kj¨v‡Yi Kvgbvq Zviv GLv‡b †mLv‡b Qz‡U †eovq,
Zv‡`i e¨w³Z¡ n‡q hvq eûwef³| Dciš‘ GmKj Kzms¯‹vi Zv‡`i Rb¨ e‡q Av‡b ci‡jŠwKK aŸsm I me©bvk, KviY Avgiv
Rvwb †h, wki‡Ki GKgvÎ cwiYwZ Rvnvbœv‡gi Abš— kvw¯—|
GQvov wdwikZv‡`i Dci wek¦vm Avbvi d‡j Avgiv Avj­vni m„wói gnZ¡ Rvb‡Z cvwi| G wek¦vm Avgv‡`i g‡b kvwš— e‡q
Av‡b| GKRb wek¦vmx KLbB wb‡R‡K Amnvq g‡b K‡ibv| GKvwK‡Z¡i Abyf‚wZ KLbB Zv‡K Mªvm Ki‡e bv| wZwb me©`v Ab~fe
K‡ib †h, Avj­vni AMwYZ wdwikZv Zv‡K wN‡i †i‡L‡Qb, Zuv‡`i `yÔAv Zv‡K Kj¨v‡Yi c‡_ wb‡q hv‡e| mKj Kó, mKj †e`bv
DËi‡Y wZwb mvnm I †cÖiYv cv‡eb| ‰ah© I `„pZv wb‡q wZwb mKj nZvkv‡K Rq Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
gvjvKM‡Y wek¦vm gvbyl‡K Kj¨vY I mZZvi c‡_ Pj‡Z DØy× K‡i| wZwb Rv‡bb †h, Kj¨vY-K‡g© iZ gvby‡li Rb¨ cÖv_©bv
K‡ib gvjvKMY| GKRb gymwjg Ab¨vb¨ gymwj‡gi Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ Zv‡`i Abycw¯’‡Z Aš—‡ii AvKywZ w`‡q `yÔAv K‡ib, KviY wZwb
Rv‡bb †h, G `yÔAvi d‡j wZwbI jvfevb n‡eb| Avj­vni gvjvKMY Zvi Rb¨ `yÔAv K‡ib| Ggwbfv‡e mKj b¨vq I Kj¨v‡Yi
Kv‡R wZwb ‡cÖiYv I Drmvn‡eva K‡ib|
G Qvov gvjvKM‡Yi Cgvb Avgv‡`i‡K Avj­vni m„wói gnZ¡, wekvjZ¡ I ˆewPÎ m¤ú‡K© Ávb`vb K‡i| Avj­vni cÖwZ
K…ZÁZv cÖKv‡ki Aby‡cÖiYv †`q| gnvb Avj­vn Avgv‡`i‡K mwZ¨Kv‡ii Cgvb `vb Ki“b|
4. 3. Avj­vni MÖš’mg~‡n wek¦vm
Cgv‡bi Ab¨Zg i“Kb Avj­vni c †_‡K †cÖwiZ MÖš’mg~‡n wek¦vm Kiv| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, KziAvb I nv`x‡m wewfbœ ¯’v‡b
ÔAvj­vni MÖš’mg~‡nÕ wek¦vm Kivi wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Ges hviv Zv‡Z wek¦vm K‡i bv Zv‡`i fq¼i weåvwš—i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q|
Avj­vni wKZvemg~‡n wek¦vm Kivi mvaviY cÖKvk GB †h, gywgb my`„p cÖZ¨‡qi mv‡_ wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Avj­vn hy‡M hy‡M bexivm~j‡`i
wbKU Inxi gva¨‡g ÔwKZveÕ †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb, †h¸wj m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e Avj­vni evYx, Avj­vni c †_‡K mZ¨ †n`vqvZ,
gvbeRvwZi c_wb‡`©kK b~i| Z‡e †m¸wj weK…Z ev wejyß n‡q wM‡q‡Q| ZvB Avj­vn me©‡kl wKZve ÔAvj-KziAvbÕ bvwhj K‡i‡Qb
c~e©eZ©x mKj MÖ‡š’i mZ¨Zv †NvlYv Ki‡Z, †m¸wji ¯’vb c~iY Ki‡Z Ges c~e©eZx mKj wKZve‡K iwnZ Ki‡Z| GB me©‡kl wKZve
KziAv‡bi g‡a¨B mKj wKZv‡ei wbh©vm I gvbe RvwZi gyw³i c_ i‡q‡Q|
Avj­vni wKZvemg~‡ni Cgv‡bi we¯—vwiZ w`K¸wj wbgœiƒc:
4. 3. 1. Avj­vn hy‡M hy‡M bex-ivm~jMY‡K wKZve w`‡q‡Qb
gvbe RvwZi Bn‡jŠwKK I ci‡jŠwKK g½‡ji c_ cª`k©‡bi Rb¨ gnvb Avj­vn hy‡M-hy‡M Zuvi bex ivm~j‡`i Kv‡Q Inx ev
cÖZ¨v‡`‡ki gva¨‡g wKZve bvwhj K‡i‡Qb| Avj­vni †cÖwiZ MÖš’mg~‡n wQj mswk­ó RvwZ ev mgv‡Ri Rb¨ mZ¨ I mr c‡_i w`kv|
Avgiv ZvB mvaviYfv‡e wek¦vm Kwi †h, hy‡M-hy‡M bex ivm~jM‡Yi Kv‡Q Avj­vn Zuvi evYx MÖš’ AvKv‡i ‡cÖiY K‡i‡Qb, hvi g‡a¨
wZwb ZrKvjxb gvbe mgv‡Ri Rb¨ mZ¨, mr Kj¨vY I g½‡ji c‡_i wb‡`©kbv `vb K‡i‡Qb| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎـ�ﻤﻴ�ﻓ ﹺﺱﺎـﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴِﻟ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻌ�ﻤ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﺫﹾﻨ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴﹺﺭﱢﺸ�ﺒ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﻴﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹶﺙ�ﻌ�ﺒﹶﻓ ﹰﺓ�ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭ ﹰﺔ�ﻤُﺃ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ
�ﻪﻴ�ﻓ ﺍﻭﹸﻔﹶﻠﹶﺘﹾﺨﺍ
ÒmKj gvbyl wQj GKB D¤§Zf‚³| AZ:ci Avj­vn mymsev`vZv I mZK©Kvixiƒ‡c bexMY‡K †cÖiY K‡ib Ges gvby‡li gv‡S
†h mKj wel‡q gZwe‡iva m„wó n‡qwQj †m mKj wel‡q weavb `v‡bi Rb¨ Zv‡`i mv‡_ mZ¨mn MÖš’ AeZxY© K‡ib|Ó 451
G †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, Avj­vn hy‡M-hy‡M gvbe RvwZi c_ cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ bex‡`i‡K †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb Ges Zuv‡`i
mv‡_ mZ¨mn MÖš’ bvwhj K‡i‡Qb, †h mKj Mª‡š’ gvbe mgv‡Ri mKj mgm¨vi mgvavb w`‡q‡Qb| G mKj MÖ‡š’i bvg I weeiY we¯—
vwiZfv‡e Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi bv| Ab¨Î Avj­vn KwZcq bexi (Av) bvg D‡j­L K‡i Zuv‡`i Dci AeZxY© MÖš’mg~‡n wek¦vm Kivi
wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| GK Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡jb:
122
ﻰـ�ﺴﻭ�ﻤ �ﻲ�ﺘﻭُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻁﺎ�ﺒ�ﺴﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺏﻭﹸﻘ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﹶﻕﺎ�ﺤ�ﺴِﺇ�ﻭ َلﻴ�ﻋﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻡﻴ�ﻫﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒِﺇ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺎﱠﻨ�ﻤَﺁ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻗ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﺤﹶﻨ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﹸﻕ�ﺭﹶﻔﹸﻨ ﻻ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻴﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﺘﻭُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﻰ�ﺴﻴ�ﻋ�ﻭ
Ò‡Zvgiv ej Avgiv Cgvb G‡bwQ Avj­vn‡Z, Ges Avgv‡`i cÖwZ hv AeZxY© Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Beªvnxg, BmgvCj, BmnvK,
BqvK‚e I Zuvi eskaiM‡Yi Dci‡i hv AeZxY© Kiv n‡q‡Q, Ges g~mv, Cmv I Ab¨vb¨ bexMY‡K Zuv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki c †_‡K hv
†`Iqv n‡q‡Q, mewKQzi Dc‡i Avgiv wek¦vm Avbqb K‡iwQ| Avgiv Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ Kwibv Ges Avgiv Zuvi (Avj­vn)
wbKU AvZ¥mgc©YKvix (gymwjg)|Ó 452
Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡jb:

ﻰ�ﺴﻭ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡﻴ�ﻫﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒِﺇ �ﻑ�ﺤ�ﺼ ﻰﹶﻟﻭُﻷﺍ �ﻑ�ﺤ�ﺼﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻔﹶﻟ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥِﺇ
ÒG †Zv Av‡Q c~e©eZ©x ÔmvnxdvÕ¸wj‡Z; Beivnxg I g~mvi ÔmnxdvÕ¸wj‡Z| 453
ÔmvnxdvÕ A_© ÔwjwLZ c„ôvmg~nÕ, Ôcyw¯—KvÕ ev MÖš’| G mKj AvqvZ †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, Beivnxg I g~mv‡KI
mvnxdv ev MÖš’ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡qwQj|
4. 3. 2. Rvbv I ARvbv wKZve
Gfv‡e Avgiv wek¦vm Kwi †h, bexM‡Yi cÖwZ cÖ`Ë Avj­vni mKj MÖš’B wQj mZ¨ I Kj¨v‡Yi c‡_i w`kvix| wKš‘ Avgiv G
mKj MÖ‡š’i AwaKvs‡kiB †Kv‡bv bvg ev welqe¯‘ Rvwb bv| Avgiv †Kej Avj­vni Acvi Ki“Yv, gvbe RvwZi †n`vqv‡Zi Rb¨ MÖš’
bvwh‡ji avivq wek¦vm Kwi| Ges wek¦vm Kwi †h, wZwb †h hy‡M hv wKQz bvwhj K‡i‡Qb me wKQzB mswk­ó gvbyl‡`i Rb¨ mywbwðZ
mZ¨ I Kj¨v‡Yi w`kvix wQj|
4. 3. 3. cÖwm× wZb wKZve
KziAvb I nv`x‡m c~e©eZ©x MÖš’mg~‡ni ga¨ †_‡K ÔZvIivZÕ, Ôhve~iÕ I ÔBbRxjÕ- GB wZbwU cy¯—‡Ki K_v evisevi
D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| G wZbwU MÖš’ m¤ú‡K© KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv wb‡gœi welq¸wj Rvb‡Z cvwi:
cÖ_gZ: Avj­vn wZbRb cÖwm× bex‡K MÖš’Îq cÖ`vb K‡iwQ‡jb|
(1) ZvIivZ: KyiAvb I nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, Avj­vn Zvui bex g~mv (Av)-Gi Kv‡Q ZvIivZ bvgK
MÖš’ Inxi gva¨‡g †cÖiY K‡ib| KziAv‡b G wel‡q A‡bK AvqvZ i‡q‡Q| Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺀﺎﹶﻘ�ﻠﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠ�ﻌﹶﻟ ﹰﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ�ﻭ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﱢلﹸﻜِﻟ ﻼﻴ�ﺼﹾﻔﹶﺘ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﺴ�ﺤَﺃ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤﺎ�ﻤﹶﺘ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ ﻰ�ﺴﻭ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﺘَﺁ �ﻡﹸﺜ
ÒGes g~mv‡K w`‡qwQjvg wKZve hv mrKg©civq‡Yi Rb¨ m¤ú~Y©, hv mg¯— wKQzi wek` weeiY, c_-wb‡`©k Ges `qv-
¯^iƒc, hv‡Z Zviv Zv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki mvvr m¤^‡Ü wek¦vm K‡i|Ó 454
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎـ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﺭﺎـ�ﺒ�ﺤَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﻥﻭ�ﻴ�ﻨﺎـ�ﺒ�ﺭﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﺍﻭ�ﺩﺎـ�ﻫ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫـﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﺴَﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭ�ﻴﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﺭﻭﹸﻨ�ﻭ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ ﹶﺓﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭﱠﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻟ�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ
�ﻡـﹸﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﻼﻴ�ﻠﹶﻗ ﺎﹰﻨ�ﻤﹶﺜ ﻲ�ﺘﺎ�ﻴَﺂﹺﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﺸﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹺﻥ�ﻭﹶﺸﹾﺨﺍ�ﻭ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺍ�ﻭﹶﺸﹾﺨﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓ �ﺀﺍ�ﺩ�ﻬﹸﺸ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﻅ�ﻔ�ﺤﹸﺘ�ﺴﺍ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ
Òwbðq Avwg ZvIivZ bvwhj K‡iwQjvg, Zv‡Z wQj c_-wb‡`©k I b~i (Av‡jv)| bexMY hviv Avj­vn AbyMZ wQj Zviv
Bqvn~`x‡`i‡K Z`bymv‡i weavb w`Z, AviI weavb w`Z iveŸvbxMY (Avj­vnIqvjvMY) Ges weبvbMY, KviY Zv‡`i‡K Avj­vni
wKZv‡ei iK Kiv n‡qwQj Ges Zviv wQj Zvi mvx| mZivs gvbyl‡K fq K‡iv bv, Avgv‡KB fq Ki Ges Avgvi AvqvZ
Zz”Q g~‡j¨ weµq K‡iv bv| Avj­vn hv AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Z`bymv‡i hviv weavb †`q bv ZvivB Kvwdi|Ó 455
(2) hveyi : gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi bex `vD` (Av)-‡K hve~i MÖš’ cÖ`vb K‡ib| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺭﻭ�ﺒ�ﺯ �ﺩﻭ�ﻭﺍ�ﺩ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﺘَﺁ�ﻭ ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﻴ�ﻴﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﻀﹶﻓ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ�ﻭ
ÒAvwg bexMY‡K Kv‡iv Dc‡i Kv‡iv AwZwi³ gh©v`v w`‡qwQ; Ges `vD`‡K Avwg hve~i cÖ`vb Kwi|Ó 456
(3) BbRxj : KziAvb I nv`x‡mi eY©bv †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, Avj­vn Zuvi bex Cmv (Av)-‡K †h MÖš’ cÖ`vb
K‡ib Zvi bvg wQj ÒBbRxjÓ| Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎﹰﻗ�ﺩـ�ﺼ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺭﻭﹸﻨ�ﻭ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻫ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ َلﻴﹺﺠﹾﻨِﻹﺍ �ﻩﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﺘَﺁ�ﻭ �ﺓﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭﱠﺘﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻴ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤِﻟ ﺎﹰﻗ�ﺩ�ﺼ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻤ ﹺﻥ�ﺒﺍ ﻰ�ﺴﻴ�ﻌﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫﹺﺭﺎﹶﺜَﺁ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﱠﻔﹶﻗ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻘﱠﺘ�ﻤﹾﻠِﻟ ﹰﺔﹶﻅ�ﻋ�ﻭ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﺓﺍ�ﺭ �ﻭﱠﺘﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻴ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤِﻟ
Ògviqvg-Zbq Cmv‡K Zvi c~‡e© AeZxY© ZvIiv‡Zi mg_©Kiƒ‡c Zv‡`i cðv‡Z †cÖiY K‡iwQjvg Ges Zv‡K BbRxj
w`‡qwQjvg Zvi c~‡e© AeZxY© ZvIiv‡Zi mg_©Kiƒ‡c Ges gyËvKx‡`i Rb¨ c‡_i wb‡`©k I Dc‡`kiƒ‡c; Zv‡Z wQj c‡_i
wb‡`©k I b~i (Av‡jv)|Ó 457
wØZxqZ: Zuv‡`i AbymvixMY MÖš’¸wj weK…Z K‡i‡Q|
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wb‡`©kbv Abymv‡i Avgiv my`„p cÖZ¨‡qi mv‡_ wek¦vm Kwi †h, Dch©y³ wZbwU MÖš’‡KB Zv‡`i
AbymvixMY weK…Z K‡i‡Q| Ôebx BmivCjÕ ev ÔAvnjy wKZveÕ Zv‡`i Dci AeZxY© wKZve¸wj ms‡hvRb, we‡qvRb, cwieZ©b,
B”QvK…Z †Mvcb Kiv, fy‡j hvIqv, nvwi‡q †djv BZ¨vw` K‡g©i gva¨‡g weK…Z K‡i e‡j KziAvb I nv`x‡m evisevi D‡j­L Kiv
n‡q‡Q| GK ¯’v‡b gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
123

�ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﻩﻭﹸﻠﹶﻘ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻨﻭﹸﻓ�ﺭ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡﻼﹶﻜ �ﻥﻭ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﹲﻕﻴﹺﺭﹶﻓ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﺩﹶﻗ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﻌ�ﻤﹾﻁﹶﺘﹶﻓَﺃ
Ò†Zvgiv wK G Avkv Ki †h, Zviv †Zvgv‡`i K_vq Cgvb Avb‡e? A_P Zv‡`i Ae¯’v †Zv GB †h, Zv‡`i GK`j
Avj­vni evYx kªeb KiZ Ges eySvi ci †R‡b ï‡b Zv weK…Z KiZ|Ó 458
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻡﹺﻬﻴ �ﺩ�ﻴَﺃ
124
ﹾﺕ�ﺒﹶﺘﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ٌل�ﻴ�ﻭﹶﻓ ﻼﻴ�ﻠﹶﻗ ﺎﹰﻨ�ﻤﹶﺜ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﺸ�ﻴِﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻡﹺﻬﻴ�ﺩ�ﻴَﺄﹺﺒ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭ�ﺒﹸﺘﹾﻜ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻠِﻟ ٌل�ﻴ�ﻭﹶﻓ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺒ�ﺴﹾﻜ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ٌل�ﻴ�ﻭ�ﻭ
ÒmyZivs `y‡f©vM Zv‡`i Rb¨ hviv wbR nv‡Z wKZve iPbv K‡i Ges Zz”Q g~j¨ cÖvwßi Rb¨ e‡j, ÔG Avj­vni wbKU
n‡ZÕ| Zv‡`i nvZ hv iPbv K‡i‡Q Zvi Rb¨ `y‡f©vM Zv‡`i Ges hv Zviv DcvR©b K‡i Zvi Rb¨ `y‡f©vM Zv‡`i|Ó 459
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪﹺﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﱢﻜﹸﺫ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻅ�ﺤ ﺍﻭ�ﺴﹶﻨ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻌ�ﻀﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻠﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭﹸﻓ�ﺭ�ﺤ�ﻴ ﹰﺔ�ﻴ�ﺴﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺒﻭﹸﻠﹸﻗ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎﱠﻨ�ﻌﹶﻟ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻗﺎﹶﺜﻴ�ﻤ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻀﹾﻘﹶﻨ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒﹶﻓ
ÒZv‡`i A½xKvi f‡½i Rb¨ Zv‡`i‡K jvbZ K‡iwQ Ges Zv‡`i ü`q KwVb K‡iwQ, Zviv kã¸wj‡K ¯^¯’vb †_‡K
weK…Z K‡i Ges Zv‡`i‡K hv wkv †`Iqv n‡qwQj Zvi GK Ask fy‡j wM‡q‡Q|Ó 460
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
ﹺﻡ�ﻭـ�ﻴ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ
�ﺀﺎ�ﻀﹾﻐ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹶﺓ�ﻭﺍ�ﺩ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺭﹾﻏَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﱢﻜﹸﺫ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻅ�ﺤ ﺍﻭ�ﺴﹶﻨﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻗﺎﹶﺜﻴ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﺫﹶﺨَﺃ ﻯ�ﺭﺎ�ﺼﹶﻨ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
�ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭـﹸﻔﹾﺨﹸﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺜﹶﻜ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ�ﻴ ﺎﹶﻨﹸﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ َل�ﻫَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ �ﻥﻭ�ﻌﹶﻨ�ﺼ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬُﺌ�ﺒﹶﻨ�ﻴ ﹶﻑ�ﻭ�ﺴ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ
�ﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ�ﻭ
�ﺭﻭﹸﻨ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﹴﺭﻴ�ﺜﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻋ ﻭﹸﻔ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ
Òhviv e‡j ÔAvgiv L„÷vbÕ Zv‡`iI A½xKvi MÖnY K‡iwQjvg; wKš‘ Zv‡`i‡K hv wkv †`Iqv n‡qwQj Zvi GK Ask Zvi
fy‡j wM‡q‡Q|Ó 461
Bn~`x-L„÷vbMY †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv bexi †‡Î ÔCk¦iZ¡Õ `vwe K‡i Ges Zv‡`i Bev`Z K‡i| we‡klZ L„÷vbMY `we K‡i †h,
Cmv (Av) wb‡R‡K ÔAvj­vnÕ e‡j `vwe K‡i‡Qb| gnvb Avj­vn G wel‡q Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h, G mKj e³e¨ hv wKQz Zv‡`i wKZv‡e
i‡q‡Q meB weK…wZ I ms‡hvRb| †Kv‡bv bex KL‡bvB Avj­vn‡K Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K Bev`Z Ki‡Z ej‡Z cv‡ib bv| gnvb Avj­vn
e‡jb:
ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻭ�ﻫ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻩﻭ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﺤﹶﺘِﻟ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﺘﹶﻨ�ﺴﹾﻟَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﻭﹾﻠ�ﻴ ﺎﹰﻘﻴﹺﺭﹶﻔﹶﻟ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ
َلﻭـﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻡـﹸﺜ ﹶﺓ�ﻭ�ﺒﱡﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡﹾﻜ �ﺤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻴ�ﺘْﺅ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﹴﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒِﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﺏ�ﺫﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻭ�ﻫ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﺩﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ�ﻭ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﱢﻠ�ﻌﹸﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻥﻴ�ﻴ�ﻨﺎ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﻭﹸﻜ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻲِﻟ ﺍ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﻭﹸﻜ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻠِﻟ
ÒZv‡`i g‡a¨ GK`j †jvK Av‡QB hviv wKZve‡K wRnŸv Øviv weK…Z K‡i, hv‡Z †Zvgiv Zv‡K Avj­vni wKZv‡ei Ask g‡b Ki;
wKš‘ Zv wKZv‡ei Ask bq, Ges Zviv e‡j: ÔZv Avj­vni c n‡ZÕ, wKš‘ Zv Avj­vni c n‡Z †cÖwiZ bq| Zviv †R‡b ï‡b
Avj­vni m¤ú‡K© wg_¨v e‡j| †Kv‡bv e¨w³‡K Avj­vn wKZve&, wnK&gZ I byeyIqvZ `vb Kivi ci †m gvbyl‡K ej‡e, ÔAvj­vni
cwie‡Z© †Zvgvi Avgvi ev›`v n‡q hvIÕ- Zv Zvi Rb¨ †kvfb bq; eis †m ej‡e, †Zvgiv iveŸvbx (Avj­vnIqvjv) n‡q hvI, †h‡nZz
†Zvgiv wKZve wkv `vb Ki Ges †h‡nZz †Zvgiv Aa¨qb Ki|Ó 462
Z…ZxqZ: weK…Z Ae¯’vq †m¸wji Aw¯—Z¡ Av‡Q Ges †m¸wji g‡a¨ Avj­vni evYx I kixq‡Zi A‡bK weavb i‡q‡Q|
KziAvb-nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, g~j ZvIivZ, hve~i I BbRx‡ji A‡bK Ask Zviv fy‡j, Ae‡njvq I
B”QvK…Z weK…wZ, ms‡hvRb ev we‡qvR‡bi gva¨‡g wejyß K‡i‡Q| Avevi wKQz cy¯—K Zviv wb‡Riv wj‡L Inx e‡j Pvwj‡q‡Q| Z‡e
Ab¨vb¨ MÖ‡š’i gZ Zv G‡Kev‡i nvwi‡q hvq wb| weK…wZ, ms‡hvRb, we‡qvRb, wejywß, fy‡q hvIqv, †Mvcb Kiv BZ¨vw`i c‡iI
ÔAvnjy wKZveÕ ev Bn~`x-L„÷vbM‡Yi wbKU ZvIivZ, hve~i I BbRxj bv‡g wKQz wKZve i‡q‡Q, †h¸wji g‡a¨ Avj­vni evYx I
gvbexq weK…wZ mswgwkªZ n‡q i‡q‡Q| G¸wji g‡a¨ c~e©eZ©x bexM‡Yi wel‡q, ZvInx` I wimvjv‡Zi wel‡q, kixqZ ev e¨e¯’vi
wel‡q Ges †kl bex gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi AvMgb I Zvi Dci wek¦vm ¯’vc‡bi wel‡q A‡bK mwVK wkv GL‡bv we`¨gvb| G me
welq †_‡K wkv MÖnY Ki‡Z Avj­vn ÔAvnjy wKZveÕ-‡`i‡K AvnŸvb K‡i‡Qb| KL‡bv KL‡bv Zv‡`i weK…Z wek¦vm ev K‡g©i
wfwËnxbZv cÖgvY Ki‡Z Zv‡`i wKZve †_‡K cÖgvY †ck Ki‡Z AvnŸvb K‡i‡Qb; KviY A‡bK weK…wZ Zviv ZvIivZ, hve~i ev
BbRx‡ji g~j cv‡V ms‡hvM K‡iwQj Ges wKQz welq Zvi A_© I Zvdmx‡ii bv‡g weK…wZ Ki‡j g~j cv‡Vi g‡a¨ Zv wQj bv| gnvb

Avj­vn e‡jb:
َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻜ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠﹾﺘ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺩﻭ�ﻬ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ �ﺕ�ﺴ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﻯ�ﺭﺎ�ﺼﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻯ�ﺭﺎ�ﺼﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺕ�ﺴ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﺩﻭ�ﻬ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ �ﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻔ�ﻠﹶﺘﹾﺨ�ﻴ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ
ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻓ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹶﻓ �ﻡﹺﻬِﻟ�ﻭﹶﻗ َلﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ
ÒBn~`xiv e‡j, ÔL„÷vb‡`i †Kv‡bv wfwË †bBÕ, Ges L„÷vbMY e‡j, ÔBn~`x‡`i †Kv‡bv wfwË †bBÕ; A_P Zviv wKZve
cvV K‡i! Gfv‡e hviv wKQzB Rv‡b bv ZvivI Abyiƒc K_v e‡j| myZivs †h wel‡q Zv‡`i gZ‡f` Av‡Q wKqvg‡Zi w`b Avj­vn
Zvi wggvsmv Ki‡eb|Ó 463
A_©vr Zv‡`i MÖš’vewj weK…Z Kivi c‡iI hv Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Aewkó i‡q‡Q ZvI my¯úó ev AvwiKfv‡e Zv‡`i GB `vwe
cÖgvY K‡i bv| eis Zv‡`i wbKU we`¨gvb wKZve cÖgvY K‡i †h, Dfq a‡g©iB wfwË Av‡Q Ges Dfq m¤cÖ`vqB wewfbœ weåvwš—
I mxgvj•N‡b wjß| hv‡`i †Kv‡bvB wKZve †bB Zviv †hgb Av›`v‡h wewfbœ hyw³ w`‡q K_v e‡j GivI †Zgwb K_v e‡j|
Bn~`xMY ivm~jyj­vn �-†K weeªZ Kivi Rb¨ Zuvi Kv‡Q wePvi cÖv_©bv K‡i| G wel‡q Avj­vn e‡jb:
125
�ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻭﱠﻟ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹾﻜ�ﺤ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ ﹸﺓﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭﱠﺘﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ�ﻭ �ﻙﹶﻨﻭ�ﻤﱢﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴ ﹶﻑ�ﻴﹶﻜ�ﻭ
ÒZviv wKfv‡e †Zvgvi Dci wePvifvi b¨¯— Ki‡e hLb Zv‡`i wbKU i‡q‡Q ZvIivZ, hvi g‡a¨ Avj­vni Av‡`k
we`¨gvb? Zvi ciI Zviv gyL wdwi‡q †bq Ges Zviv gywgb bq|Ó 464
A_©vr †h wel‡q Zviv wePvi cÖv_©bv Ki‡Q †m welqK weavb ZvIiv‡ZB we`¨gvb| A_P Z`vbymv‡i wePvi bv K‡i ivm~jyj­vn �-
Gi wbKU wePvi PvIqv cÖgvY K‡i †h, Zviv Awek¦vm I cÖZviYvi Rb¨B Giƒc K‡i‡Q|
Bn~`xiv `vwe KiZ †h, D‡Ui †MvkZ nvivg| welqwU Zv‡`i ev‡bvqvU e¨vL¨v gvÎ, ZvIiv‡Z Zv wQj bv| G wel‡q
Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺓﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭﱠﺘﻟﺎـﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﺘْﺄـﹶﻓ ْلﹸﻗ ﹸﺓﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭﱠﺘﻟﺍ َل�ﺯﹶﻨﹸﺘ �ﻥَﺃ ِل�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ُلﻴِﺌﺍ�ﺭ�ﺴِﺇ �ﻡ�ﺭ�ﺤ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ َلﻴِﺌﺍ�ﺭ�ﺴِﺇ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺒِﻟ ﻼ�ﺤ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﹺﻡﺎ�ﻌﱠﻁﻟﺍ ﱡلﹸﻜ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻗ�ﺩﺎ�ﺼ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ ﺎ�ﻫﻭﹸﻠﹾﺘﺎﹶﻓ
ÒZvIivZ AeZxY© nIqvi BmivCj (BqvK‚e) wb‡Ri Rb¨ hv nvivg K‡iwQ‡jb Zv e¨Zxq ebx BmivC‡ji Rb¨ hveZxq
Lv`¨B nvjvj wQj| ej: Ôhw` †Zvgiv mZ¨ev`x nI Z‡e ZIivZ Avb Ges cvV Ki|Ó 465
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ َلﻴﹺﺠﹾﻨِﻹﺍ�ﻭ ﹶﺓﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭﱠﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻤﻴ�ﻘﹸﺘ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﺴﹶﻟ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ َل�ﻫَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ ْلﹸﻗ
Òejyb, †n wKZvexMY, ZvIivZ, Bb&Rxj I hv †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU n‡Z †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ AeZxY© n‡q‡Q (Avj-
KziAvb) †Zvgiv Zv cÖwZôv bv Kiv ch©š— †Zvgv‡`i †Kv‡bv wfwËB †bB|Ó 466
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻘ�ﺴﺎﹶﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟ ﺍ
َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ ِلﻴﹺﺠﹾﻨِﻹﺍ ُل�ﻫَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴﹾﻟ�ﻭ
ÒBbRxj AbymvwiMY †hb Avj­vn Zv‡Z hv AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Z`bymv‡i weavb †`q| Avj­vn hv AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb
Z`bymv‡i hviv weavb †`q bv Zviv dvwmK (mZ¨Z¨vMx)|Ó 467
PZz_©Z: Inx I weK…wZi g‡a¨ cv_©‡K¨i gvcvKvwV KziAvb|
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi wZb bex‡K ZvIivZ, hve~i I BbRxj bv‡g wZbwU Avmvgvbx MÖš’ cÖ`vb
K‡ib, †h¸wj‡Z b~i I †n`vqvZ wQj| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi AvMg‡bi c~‡e©B Zuv‡`i AbymvixMY wewfbœfv‡e cy¯—K¸wji wKQz Ask
fy‡j hvq I wejyß K‡i Ges we`¨gvb Ask weK…Z I cwiewZ©Z K‡i| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi hy‡M Ges eZ©gv‡b G bv‡g †h cy¯—
K¸wj we`¨gvb †m¸wji g‡a¨ wKQz Inx Ges wKQz Inxi bv‡g gvbexq ms‡hvRb, cwieZ©b ev weK…wZ we`¨gvb| G¸wji g‡a¨
wVK †Kvb& K_vwU mwVK Inx Ges †Kvb& K_vwU weK…wZ Zv eySvi ev hvPvB Kivi †Kv‡bv wbi‡c Dcvq †bB| GRb¨ Avj-
KziAvbB mZ¨vmZ¨ hvPvB‡qi GKgvÎ gvcKvwV| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻊـﹺﺒﱠﺘﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ َل�ﺯ ﹾﻨَﺃ
ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺤﺎﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎﹰﻨ�ﻤ�ﻴ�ﻬ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻴ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤِﻟ ﺎﹰﻗ�ﺩ�ﺼ�ﻤ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻟ�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ
ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺀﺍ�ﻭ�ﻫَﺃ
ÒGes Avcbvi Dci mZ¨mn MÖš’ AeZxY© K‡iwQ, Zvi c~‡e© AeZxY© MÖš’mg~‡ni mg_©K (confirmer) I ch©‡eK-

wbqš¿K (watcher) iƒ‡c|Ó 468
Gfv‡e Avgiv RvbwQ †h, Avj-KziAvb c~e©eZ©x mKj MÖ‡š’i wbqš¿K, ch©‡eK I cixK| G mKj MÖ‡š’i g‡a¨ we`¨gvb
†Kv‡bv Z_¨ hw` KziAv‡bi mv‡¨ mZ¨ e‡j cÖgvwYZ nq Z‡e Avgiv Zv mZ¨ e‡j wek¦vm Kwi| Avi †h Z_¨ KziAv‡bi mv‡¨ wg_¨
e‡j cÖgvwYZ Zv‡K Avgiv wg_¨v e‡j wek¦vm Kwi| Avi KziAvb hw` †m wel‡q bxie _v‡K, Z‡e AvgivI †m wel‡q bxie _vwK;
KviY Zv mZ¨I n‡Z cv‡i Avevi wg_¨vI n‡Z cv‡i|
G wel‡q ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K mnR g~jbxwZ wkwL‡q‡Qb| Bn~`x-L„÷vb‡`i wKZv‡e hv wKQy i‡q‡Q Zv KziAv‡bi
Av‡jv‡K wePvi Kiv mvaviYfv‡e mK‡ji Rb¨ nqZ mnR bq| Kv‡RB G mKj cy¯—‡Ki wKQzB mwVK e‡j MÖnY Kivi ev wg_¨v e‡j
†NvlYv †`Iqv hv‡e bv| eis ej‡Z n‡e, Avj­vn hv bvwhj K‡i‡Qb Zv mwVK| †Zvgv‡`i MÖ‡š’ †Kvb& K_vwU mwVK Ges †Kvb&wU
weK…wZ Zv wZwbB fvj Rv‡bb| Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb,
ﺍﻭﹸﻗ�ﺩـ�ﺼﹸﺘ ﻻ : �
126
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹺﻡﻼ�ﺴِﻹﺍ ِل�ﻫَﻷ �ﺔ�ﻴﹺﺒ�ﺭ�ﻌﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻨ ﻭ�ﺭ�ﺴﹶﻔ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﻴ�ﻨﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒ�ﻌﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﹶﺓﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭﱠﺘﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭ�ﺀ�ﺭﹾﻘ�ﻴ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ ُل�ﻫَﺃ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ
. ﺔﻴﻵﺍ ... َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺎﱠﻨ�ﻤﺁ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻗ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻫﻭ�ﺒﱢﺫﹶﻜﹸﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ َل�ﻫَﺃ
wKZvexMY wneª“ fvlvq ZvIivZ cvV K‡i Zv Aviix‡Z Abyev` K‡i gymwjg‡`i ïbv‡Zv| ZLb ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
Ò‡Zvgiv wKZvex‡`i‡K mZ¨ e‡jI wek¦vm Ki‡e bv Ges wg_¨v e‡jI †NvlYv w`‡e bv| eis ej‡e: ÒAvgiv Cgvb G‡bwQ
Avj­vn‡Z, Ges Avgv‡`i cÖwZ hv AeZxY© Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Beªvnxg, BmgvCj, BmnvK, BqvK‚e I Zuvi eskaiM‡Yi
Dc‡i 469 ...... AvqvZ|Ó 470
GLv‡b D‡j­L¨ †h, KziAvb bvwh‡ji mgq Ges cieZ©x cÖvq nvRvi ermi hveZ Bn~`x-L„÷vbMY `vwe KiZ †h, Zv‡`i wbKU
we`¨gvb ZvIivZ, hve~i, BbRxj BZ¨vw` MÖš’ meB AvwiKfv‡e weï×| Gi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bviƒc weK…wZ nq wb| wKš‘ MZ K‡qKkZ
erm‡ii M‡elYvi gva¨‡g cvðv‡Z¨i Bn~`x L„÷vbMYB cÖgvY K‡i‡Qb †h, evB‡e‡ji A‡bK cyw¯—Kv nvwi‡q wM‡q‡Q, nvRvi nvRvi
¯’v‡b cwieZ©b, ms‡hvRb ev we‡qvR‡bi gva¨‡g weK…wZ mvab Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i G Avwe®‹vi KziAvb Kvix‡gi A‡jŠwKK mZ¨Zvi
Av‡iKwU cÖgvY| Bn~`x-L„÷vb cwÊZM‡Yi M‡elYvi Av‡jv‡K ZvIivZ, hve~i I BbRxj bvgK MÖš’¸wji ev eZ©gv‡b ÔevB‡ejÕ bv‡g
cwiwPZ MÖš’wUi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb e¨vcK weK…wZ, cwieZ©b, ms‡hvRb, we‡qvRb, Am½wZ, ci¯úi we‡ivwaZvi AmsL¨ bgybv,
HwZnvwmK †cÖvcU I cÖgvYvw` Rvbvi Rb¨ Avwg cvVK‡K Avj­vgv ivngvZzj­vn wKivbex (1891 L„) iwPZ ÔBhnvi“j n°Õ bvgK
KvjRqx MÖš’wU cvV Kivi Rb¨ we‡klfv‡e Aby‡iva KiwQ| gnvb Avj­vni ZvIdx‡K Avwg cy¯—KwU Abyev` K‡iwQ Ges BmjvwgK
dvB‡Ûkb evsjv‡`k Zv cÖKvk K‡i‡Q|
4. 3. 4. gnvMÖš’ Avj-KziAvb
Avj-KziAvbyj Kvix‡gi cwiPq m¤ú‡K© G cy¯—‡Ki ïi“‡Z Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| gvbeRvwZ‡K Kj¨vY I gyw³i c‡_
Avnev‡bi Rb¨ Avj­vni †cÖwiZ me©‡kl MÖš’ Avj-KziAvbyj Kvixg, hv wZwb Zvui me©‡kl I me©‡kªó bex gynv¤§` �-Gi Dci
AeZxY© K‡ib| cweÎ KziAvbB Avj­vni ‡cÖwiZ P‚ovš— I me©‡kl MÖš’| KziAvb Kvix‡g gvbeRvwZi mKj Kj¨vY, mKj g½j I
mKj mdjZvi Drm| Avj­vni GB me©‡kl MÖš’‡K Avj­vn Ggb wKQz ˆewkó¨ `vb K‡i‡Qb hv c~‡e©i Mªš’¸wj‡K ‡`bwb| wb‡gœ
Avgiv ms‡‡c KziAvb Kix‡gi G mKj ˆewk‡ó¨i K_v Av‡jvPbv Kie:
4. 3. 4. 1. A‡jŠwKKZ¡
KziAvb Kvix‡gi Ab¨Zg ˆewkó¨ Gi A‡jŠwKKZ¡| c~e©eZ©x bex-ivm~jMY‡K gnvb Avj­vn A‡bK ÔAvqvZÕ ev gywRhv cÖ`vb
K‡i‡Qb| †m¸wj wQj ZvrwYK I ZrKvjxb| Zuv‡`i mgmvgwqK gvby‡liv †m¸wj cÖZ¨ K‡i‡Qb| Z‡e cieZ©x gvby‡liv Avi Zv
cÖZ¨ K‡ib wb| †Kej eY©bvi gva¨‡g †R‡b‡Qb| gnvbex gynv¤§v` (�)-‡K gnvb Avj­vn Ab¨vb¨ AMwYZ AvqvZ ev gywRhvi
cvkvcvwk ÔwPiš—bÕ gywRhv wn‡m‡e Avj-KziAvb cÖ`vb K‡ib| hvi A‡jŠwKKZ¡ †hgb Zuvi mgKvjxb gvby‡liv cÖZ¨ K‡i‡Qb Ges
¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb, †Zgwb cieZ©x mKj hy‡Mi AvMÖnx gvbylB Zv cÖZ¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb| Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn �
e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰ�ﺤ�ﻭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ�ﺤ�ﻭ ﹸﺕﻴ�ﺘﻭُﺃ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤﺁ �ﻪﹸﻠﹾﺜ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺕﺎ�ﻴﻵﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻲ�ﻁ�ﻋُﺃ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﻻِﺇ �ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨَﻷﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ
�ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻌﹺﺒﺎﹶﺘ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭﹶﺜﹾﻜَﺃ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜَﺃ �ﻥَﺃ ﻭ�ﺠ�ﺭَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻲﹶﻟِﺇ
ÒbexM‡Yi g‡a¨ cÖ‡Z¨K bexB Ggb AvqvZ ev gywRhv cÖvß n‡q‡Qb †h gywRhvi cwigv‡Y gvby‡liv Zuvi Dci Cgvb
G‡b‡Q| Avi Avgv‡K †h ÔAvqvZÕ ev gywRhv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv Avj­vni c †_‡K †cÖwiZ Inx, GRb¨ Avwg Avkv Kwi †h,
bexM‡Yi g‡a¨ Avgvi Abymvix‡`i msL¨vB n‡e me‡P‡q †ewk|Ó 471
e¯‘Z, KziAv‡bi A‡jŠwKKZ¡ wPiš—b| cÖ‡Z¨K hy‡Mi gvby‡liv KziAv‡bi g‡a¨ bZzb bZzb A‡jŠwKK‡Z¡i mÜvb jvf
K‡i‡Qb| eZ©gvb hy‡M weÁvbxMY gvbe‡`n, c„w_ex, gnvKvk BZ¨vw`i wel‡q A‡bK mZ¨ D˜NvUb K‡i‡Qb| Zuviv AevK we¯§‡q

j¨ Ki‡Qb †h, KziAv‡b GmKj wel‡q A‡bK Z_¨ i‡q‡Q hv be Avwe¯‹…Z ˆeÁvwbK mZ¨vw`i mv‡_ kZfvM mvgÄm¨c~Y©| Zuviv
¯^xKvi Ki‡Qb †h, KziAv‡bi A‡jŠwKK‡Z¡i GwU GKwU eo cÖgvY| Gfv‡e AvMZ mKj hy‡MB gvbyl KziAv‡bi g‡a¨ bZzb bZzb
A‡jŠwKK‡Z¡i mÜvb jvf Ki‡e| †KD †m¸wj we‡ePbv K‡i ü`q‡K Av‡jvwKZ Ki‡eb| †KD Zv †R‡bI Ae‡njv Ki‡eb ev
Gwo‡q hvIqvi †Póv Ki‡eb|
KziAvb Kvix‡gi A‡jŠwKK‡Z¡i Ab¨Zg w`K Gi A‡jŠwKK I Acvw_©e fvlv‰kjx, cÖKvkfw½ I A_©|
gvby‡li ü`q‡K Av‡›`vwjZ Kivi cÖavb gva¨g n‡jv K_v| K_v hZ my›`i nq gvby‡li ü`‡q Zvi cÖfveI ZZ Mfxi nq|
KziAvb Kvixg ïay ag©¸i“‡`i Rb¨ Ôwbqg cy¯—KÕ bq, eis cÖ‡Z¨K wek¦vmx I cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li cv‡Vi, kªe‡Yi I Abyave‡bi Rb¨ GB
MÖš’| GRb¨ KziAvb Kvix‡g mKj wel‡q A_©, fve I fvlvi †‡Î m‡e©v”P mvwnZ¨gvb iv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avi GB Acvw_©e I
A‡jŠwKK fvlv‰kjx, cÖKvkfw½ I A‡_©i Ave‡ni m‡e©vP gvb iwZ n‡q‡Q cÖ_g †_‡K †kl ch©š— mKj ¯’v‡b GKBfv‡e| GwUB
KziAvb Kvix‡gi GKgvÎ A‡jŠwKKZ¡ bq, Z‡e Zvi A‡jŠwKK‡Z¡i Ab¨Zg w`K|
Avi‡ei gvbyl‡`i g‡a¨ fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨i cÖfve wQj LyeB †ewk| Zviv D”Pv½ mvwnZ¨ iPbvq I mwn‡Z¨i g~j¨vq‡b wQ‡jb
AwZ cvi½g| gnvb Avj­vn ZrKvjxb fvlvi hv`yKi Kwe-mvwnwZ¨K I mvaviY Avieevmx‡K P¨v‡jÄ cÖ`vb K‡ib KziAv‡bi †h
†Kv‡bv GKwU †QvU m~ivi mgcwigvY m~iv KziAv‡bi mvwnZ¨gv‡b iPbv Kivi Rb¨|Ó
gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴ�ﻗ�ﺩﺎـ�ﺼ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺀﺍ�ﺩ�ﻬﹸﺸ ﺍﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻠﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺓ�ﺭﻭ�ﺴﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﺘْﺄﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻟ�ﺯﹶﻨ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﹴﺏ�ﻴ�ﺭ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻠِﻟ ﹾﺕ�ﺩ�ﻋُﺃ ﹸﺓ�ﺭﺎ�ﺠ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻫ�ﺩﻭﹸﻗ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻟﺍ �ﺭﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﺎﹶﻓ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌﹾﻔﹶﺘ �ﻥﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌﹾﻔﹶﺘ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ
ÒAvwg Avgvi ev›`vi cÖwZ hv AeZxY© K‡iwQ Zv‡Z †Zvgv‡`i †Kv‡bv m‡›`n _vK‡j †Zvgiv Zvi Abyiƒc GKwU m~iv
Avbqb Ki Ges †Zvgiv hw` mZ¨ev`x nI Z‡e Avj­vn e¨ZxZ †Zvgv‡`i mKj mvnvh¨Kvix‡K AvnŸvb Ki| hw` †Zvgiv Zv
Ki‡Z bv cvi- Avi KL‡bvB Zv Ki‡Z †Zvgiv cvi‡e bv- Z‡e †mB biKvwMœ‡K fq Ki, gvbyl Ges cv_i n‡e hvi BÜb,
Awek¦vmx‡`i Rb¨ hv cÖ¯‘Z i‡q‡Q|Ó 472
Ab¨Î Avj­vn myenvbvû Iqv ZvÔAvjv e‡jb:
127
�ﻥﻴ�ﻗ�ﺩﺎ�ﺼ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﻌﹶﻁﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻠﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﺓ�ﺭﻭ�ﺴﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﺘْﺄﹶﻓ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻩﺍ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﻓﺍ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻡَﺃ
ÒZviv wK e‡j, Ô‡m Zv iPbv K‡i‡Q?Õ ej: ÔZ‡e †Zvgiv Gi Abyiƒc GKwU m~ivB Avbqb Ki Ges Avj­vn e¨ZxZ Aci
hv‡K cvi AvnŸvb Ki, hw` †Zvgiv mZ¨ev`x nI|Ó 473
wZwb Av‡iv †NvlYv Ki‡Qb:
ﺍ�ﺭﻴﹺﻬﹶﻅ ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒِﻟ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻠﹾﺜ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﺘْﺄ�ﻴ ﻻ ﹺﻥَﺁ�ﺭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ ِلﹾﺜ�ﻤﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﺘْﺄ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﹺﺠﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺱﹾﻨِﻹﺍ �ﺕ�ﻌ�ﻤﹶﺘ�ﺠﺍ ﹺﻥِﺌﹶﻟ ْلﹸﻗ
Òej, hw` GB KziAv‡bi Abyiƒc KziAvb Avbq‡bi Rb¨ gvbyl I wRb mg‡eZ nq nq Ges Zviv ci¯úi‡K mvnvh¨
K‡i ZeyI Zviv Gi Abyiƒc wKQz Avbqb Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|Ó 474
KvwdiMY gynv¤§v` (�)-‡K cÖwZnZ Ki‡Z Zv‡`i Rvb-gvj Kzievbx K‡i‡Q, wKš‘ GB mnR †QvÆ P¨v‡jÄwU MÖnY Ki‡Z
mg nq wb| KziAv‡bi hv`yKix AvKl©YxZvq AevK n‡q KL‡bv Zviv G‡K Ôhv`yÕ e‡j AwfwnZ K‡i‡Q| 475 KL‡bv e‡j‡Q, G¸wj
c~e©eZ©x hy‡Mi Mí-Kvwnbx 476 Ges ev‡bvqvU K_v gynv¤§v` (�) Zv evwb‡q‡Qb 477 | KL‡bv Zviv Zv‡`i Abymvix I mv_x‡`i‡K
e‡j‡Q: Ò‡Zvgiv GB KziAvb kªeY K‡iv bv Ges Zv Ave„wËKv‡j †kvi‡Mvj m„wó Ki, hv‡Z †Zvgiv Rqx n‡Z cvi|Ó 478
G¸wj meB K_vi hy‡× civwRZ nZevK kΓi AvPiY| wKš‘ KL‡bvB Gi gyKvwejvq GKwU †QvÆ m~iv Zviv Dc¯’vcb K‡i
wb| Avi GK_v wKfv‡e Kíbv Kiv hvq †h, fvlvi hv`yKi ¯^fve-Kwe AvieMY hv‡`i Rvwnjx AcÖwZ‡iva¨ DMÖ ag©vÜZv I DrKU
RvZ¨vwfgvb, cÖwZc‡i we‡ivwaZvq I gh©v`v ivi cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq Zv‡`i AvZ¥Z¨v‡Mi P~ovš— AbyfywZ mycÖwm×, Zviv Rb¥f~wg
cwiZ¨vM, i³cvZ, Rxeb Z¨vM Kivi c_ †e‡Q wbj, Zv‡`i mš—vbmwš— I cwievi cwiRb hy×e›`x n‡jv, Zv‡`i abm¤ú` jywÉZ
n‡jv| A_P GB mnR P¨v‡jÄwU MÖnY Kij bv|
byeyIqv‡Zi ïi“ †_‡K ivm~jyj­vn � eviesevi GB GKwU P¨v‡jÄ Zv‡`i mvg‡b Qz‡o w`‡q‡Qb| Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h,
Awek¦vmx Avie‡`i hw` gZv _vKZ Z‡e mn‡RB nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl‡K Rgv‡qZ K‡i KziAv‡bi †QvÆ m~ivi Abyiƒc GKwU m~iv
ˆZwi K‡i ïwb‡q gynv¤§v‡`i mKj e³e¨ ¯—ä K‡i w`‡Z cviZ| Kvwe¨K hy× I mvwnwZ¨K cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Zv‡`i g‡a¨ mycwiwPZ wQj|
Zv m‡Ë¡I Zviv KziAv‡bi †‡Î Giƒc cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z mvnm cvq wb| KviY Zviv KziAv‡bi A‡jŠwKKZ¡ Lye

fvjfv‡eB eyS‡Z †c‡iwQj| Zviv ey‡SwQj †h, hw` Giƒc †Kv‡bv eo Rgv‡qZ K‡i †mLv‡b Zv‡`i ˆZwi †Kv‡bv Kve¨ ev
mvwnZ¨Kg©‡K KziAv‡bi wecix‡Z P¨v‡j‡Äi Reve wn‡m‡e †ck Kiv nq Z‡e Dcw¯’Z AvieMY Zv‡`i ¯^fveRvZ fvlv Ávb I
i“wPi gva¨‡g KziAv‡bi A‡jŠwKKZ¡B MÖnY Ki‡e Ges Zv‡`i Kg©‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vY Ki‡e| G‡Z Zv‡`i civRq I Bmjv‡gi cÖmvi
wbwðZ n‡e| GRb¨B Zviv Giƒc †Kv‡bv cÖKvk¨ cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi c‡_ bv †h‡q KwVb c_B †e‡Q wb‡qwQj|
Avgiv Rvwb †h, mvwnwZ¨K ev K_vi cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq Rq civRq wKQzUv A¯úó _v‡K| `ywU mvwnZ¨Kg© hw` KvQvKvwQ nq Z‡e
Dfq c‡i gvbylB Rqjv‡fi `vwe Ki‡Z cv‡i| weZK© ev en‡m Anin Giƒc N‡U| wKš‘ wbwðZ civRq‡K †KD weRq `vwe
Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Avi‡ei Kvwdi †bZ…e„›` hw` KziAv‡bi KvQvKvwQ wKQz †ck Kivi Avkv Ki‡Z cviZ Z‡e Zviv Aek¨B Zv †ck
KiZ Ges Zv‡`i Abymvixiv Zv‡`i weRq `vwe KiZ| wKš‘ Zviv civR‡qi wel‡q GZB wbwðZ wQj †h, G c‡_ hvIqvi mvnm
Zv‡`i nq wb| d‡j hv`y, wg_¨v Kvwnbx, Ab¨iv Zv‡K evwb‡q w`‡q‡Q BZ¨vw` e‡j RbMY‡K Zv †_‡K `~‡i ivLvi †Póv KiZ|
4. 3. 4. 2. msiY
KziAvb Kvix‡gi wØZxq ˆewkó¨ I A‡jŠwKK w`K Gi msiY| gnvb Avj­vn KziAvb‡K AweKj I AvwiKfv‡e
msiY K‡i‡Qb|
Avgiv †R‡bwQ †h, c~e©eZ©x bex-ivm~jM‡Yi Dci AeZxY© wKZve¸wj wejyß ev weK…Z n‡q‡Q| †h‡nZz gnvMÖš’ Avj-
KziAvb‡K Avj­vn cieZx© mKj hy‡Mi gvbyl‡`i Rb¨ AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb, ZvB wZwb wb‡R Gi msi‡Yi `vwqZ¡ MªnY K‡i‡Qb|
Avj­vni AbyMª‡n cweÎ KziAvb mKj cweeZ©b, cwiea©b †Kv‡bv As‡ki wejywß ev weK…wZ †_‡K msiwZ †_‡K‡Q| Avj­vn
e‡jb:
128
�ﻥﻭﹸﻅ�ﻓﺎ�ﺤﹶﻟ �ﻪﹶﻟ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺭﹾﻜﱢﺫﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻟ�ﺯﹶﻨ
�ﻥ�ﺤﹶﻨ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ
Òwbðq AvwgB KziAvb AeZxY© K‡iwQ Ges wbwðZiƒ‡cB Avwg Zuvi msiK|Ó 479
Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
�ﺩﻴ�ﻤ�ﺤ ﹴﻡﻴ�ﻜ�ﺤ �ﻥ�ﻤ ٌلﻴﹺﺯﹾﻨﹶﺘ �ﻪ�ﻔﹾﻠﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻴ�ﺩ�ﻴ ﹺﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ ُل�ﻁﺎ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﻴ�ﺘْﺄ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﺯﻴﹺﺯ�ﻋ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒGwU Aek¨B GK gwngvgq MÖš’| †Kv‡bv AmZ¨ G‡Z AbycÖ‡ek K‡i bv ev Ki‡e bv, mvg‡b †_‡KI bq, wcQb †_‡KI
bq| cÖÁvgq cÖkswmZ Avj­vni wbKU n‡Z Zv AeZxY©|Ó 480
eZ©gv‡b we`¨gvb weK…Z ZvIivZ, hve~i, BbRxj BZ¨vw`i fve, fvlv I BwZnvm ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j Avgiv †`wL †h,
G¸wj cÖ_gZ KwZcq ag©¸i“i g‡a¨ mxgve× wQj| mvaviY gvby‡li mvaviY RxebhvÎvq G¸wji ¯’vb wQj bv| Dciš‘ mvaviY
gvbyl‡`i‡K G¸wj cvV Ki‡Z wb‡la Kiv n‡Zv| we‡kl †Kv‡bv Abyôv‡b mvgvb¨ wKQz Ask cvV Qvov mvaviY gvbyl GmKj
cy¯—‡Ki †Kv‡bv †LuvR ivL‡Zv bv| GQvov G¸wji fvlv AwaKvsk †‡Î weiw³Ki eY©bv, hv †Kv‡bvfv‡eB gyL¯’ ivLv hvq bv|
G mKj Kvi‡Y G¸wji weK…wZ I wejywß mnR nq|
KziAv‡bi msi‡Yi Ab¨Zg w`K †h, gnvb Avj­vn G‡K gymwjg D¤§vni mK‡ji Rb¨ cvV¨ K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| cuvP
Iqv³ mvjv‡Z Ges ivw·Z Zvnv¾y‡`i mvjv‡Z wbqwgZ KziAvb cvV I KziAvb ÔLZgÕ Kiv gywgb‡`i Ab¨Zg ˆewkó¨ I
`vwqZ¡ wn‡m‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zv wbqwgZ cvV Kiv‡K gnvb Avj­vn gywg‡bi Ab¨Zg ˆewkó¨ wn‡m‡e D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb|
wZwb e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﺴﺎﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﺭﹸﻔﹾﻜ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺃ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻭﻼ�ﺘ ﱠﻕ�ﺤ �ﻪﹶﻨﻭﹸﻠﹾﺘ�ﻴ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﺘَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟ ﺍ
Òhv‡`i‡K Avwg wKZve w`‡q‡Q Zviv h_vh_fv‡e Zv Ave„wË K‡i ZvivB G‡Z Cgvb Av‡b| Avi hviv Zv cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i
Zviv wZMÖ¯’|Ó 481
KziAvb Kvix‡gi A‡jŠwKK I Acvw_©e fvlv‰kjx KziAv‡bi msi‡Yi Ab¨Zg w`K| Gi Ac~e© fvlv‰kjx I Acvw_©e
A_©-Aven †h †Kv‡bv gywgb‡K Zv cvV Ki‡Z AvMÖnx K‡i †Zv‡j| m‡e©vcwi A‡jŠwKK fvlv‰kjxi gva¨‡g gnvb Avj­vn cwic~Y©
KziAvb gyL¯’ Kiv A‡jŠwKKfv‡e mnR K‡i‡Qb| Avgiv Rvwb †h, wb‡Ri gvZ…fvlvi iwPZ 100 c„ôvi GKwU mvwnZ¨Kg© ûeû
AvwiKfv‡e gyL¯’ ivLv †h †Kv‡bv gvby‡li Rb¨ cÖvq Am¤¢e welq| A_P 10/12 erm‡ii GKRb Abvie wK‡kviI KziAvb
Kvixg cÖ_g †_‡K †kl ch©š— AvwiKfv‡e gyL¯’ ivL‡Z mg| GB A‡jŠKK ˆewk‡ó¨i Kvi‡Y mvnvexM‡Yi hyM †_‡KB
AMwYZ avwg©K gymwjg KziAvb Kvixg cwic~Y© gyL¯’ K‡i‡Qb| Zuviv iv‡Z Zvnv¾y‡`i mvjv‡Z wbqwgZ KziAvb LZg Ki‡Zb|
GQvov w`evfv‡M wbqwgZ wZjvIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g Zv LZg Ki‡Zb|
GKvi‡Y KziAvb †hfv‡e ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Dci AeZxY© n‡q‡Q, AweKj †mfv‡eB gyL¯’ K‡i‡Qb, mvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ cvV
K‡i‡Qb I wbqwgZ LZg K‡i‡Qb mvnvexMY Ges cieZ©x mKj cÖR‡b¥i gvby‡liv mvgvb¨Zg cwieZ©b ev weK…wZi †Kv‡bv
my‡hvMB wQj bv|
G cy¯—‡Ki cÖ_g Aa¨v‡q Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, gyL¯’ Kivi cvkvcvwk KziAvb Kvixg wjwLZfv‡e msiY Kivi h_vh_

e¨e¯’v MÖnY K‡ib ivm~jyj­vn � Ges Lyjvdv‡q ivwk`xb|
e¯‘Z: KziAvb Kvix‡g D‡j­wLZ wZbwU MÖš’ ZvIivZ, hveyi I BbwRj, ev evB‡e‡ji weK…wZ m¤ú‡K© †hgb AvaywbK wLªóvb I
Bû`x M‡elKMY GKgZ, †Zgwbfv‡e KziAvb Kvix‡gi AweK…wZI Agymwjg M‡elKivI ‡g‡b wb‡q‡Qb| hviv KziAvb‡K Avj­vni
AeZvwiZ MÖš’ e‡j wek¦vm K‡ib bv, eis gynv¤§` (�)- Gi iPbv e‡j g‡b K‡ib, ZvivI ¯^xKvi K‡ib †h, gynv¤§` (�)-Gi
mg‡qi Zuvi cÖPvwiZ KziAvbB GLb ch©š— AweK…Z i‡q‡Q| KviY, mvnvex‡`i mgq †_‡K wb‡q cieZx© wewfbœ hy‡Mi KziAvb
Kvix‡gi nv‡Z †jLv A‡bK cvÊywjwc wewfbœ Avš—Rv©wZK cvVvMv‡i ev hv`yN‡i msiwZ i‡q‡Q, †m mKj cvÊywjwc cÖgvY K‡i †h,
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mgq †_‡K GLb ch©š— KziAvb mKj cÖKvi weK…wZ, ms‡hvRb, we‡qvRb ev cwieZ©b ‡_‡K msiwZ i‡q‡Q| 482
4. 3. 4. 3. mve©RbxbbZv
Avj­vn †h mKj MÖš’ AeZiY K‡i‡Qb Zv‡Z GKw`‡K GKgvÎ weï× wek¦vm, Avj­vni Bev`Z, fvj I g›` K‡g©i
djvdj, PvwiwÎK weï×Zv, m„wói Kj¨vY, AwaKvi msiY BZ¨vw` wel‡q mwVK I mZ¨ Ávb `vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Aci w`‡K
mswk­ó gvbe‡Mvôxi wewfbœ RvMwZK mgm¨v m¤ú‡K© mwVK weavb, mgvavb I w`K-wb‡`©kbv cª`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖ_g ch©v‡qi
welq¸‡jv g~jZ mve©Rbxb| wek¦vm, ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva, gvbweK `vwqZ¡vewj mKj hy‡Mi mKj gvby‡li Rb¨ GKB cÖK…wZi| wØZxq
ch©v‡qi welq¸‡jv hyM I mg‡qi cwieZ©‡b wKQz cwiewZ©Z n‡Z cv‡i| wewfbœhy‡M wewfbœ mgv‡R wewfbœgywL mvgvwRK I RvMwZK
mgm¨v _vK‡Z cv‡i Ges G mK‡ji mgvavbI wewfbœ mgv‡R wewfbœiKg n‡Z cv‡i| G Kvi‡Y cÖ_g ch©v‡qi welq¸‡jv m¤ú‡K©
mKj Avmgvbx wKZv‡ei eY©bv I wkv GKB ai‡bi| Z‡e wØZxq ch©v‡qi welq¸‡jvi Av‡jvPbv wewfbœ MÖ‡š’ mswk­ó Rb‡Mvôxi
cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡i Kiv n‡q‡Q|
cweÎ KziAv‡bi c~‡e© Avj­vn †h mKj MÖš’ gvbeRvwZ‡K cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb Zv wQj wbw`©ó †Kv‡bv RvwZ I wbw`©ó GKwU
mgqKv‡ji Rb¨| G Kvi‡Y cÖ_g ch©v‡qi welq¸‡jvi Av‡jvPbv I e¨vL¨vq ZrKvjxb Rb‡Mvóxi eyw×e„wË I gvbwmK weKv‡ki
w`‡K j ivLv n‡q‡Q| Avi wØZxq ch©v‡q ïaygvÎ mswk­ó mgv‡Ri mgm¨v I Zv‡`i Dc‡hvMx mgvavbB †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|
gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi c~‡e© †Kv‡bv bex-ivm~j Zuvi a‡g©i ev Zuvi wKZv‡ei me©RbxbZv `vwe K‡ib wb| Dciš‘ wbw`©ó
Rb‡Mvôx Qvov Ab¨ gvbyl‡`i Kv‡Q Zuvi ag© ev wKZve cÖPvi Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| GRb¨ AwaKvsk ag© I ag©vej¤^x Zv‡`i
ag©‡K me©Rbxb e‡j `vwe K‡ib bv|
L„÷vbMY Zv‡`i ag©‡K me©Rbxb e‡j `vwe K‡ib| A_P Zv‡`i g‡a¨ we`¨gvb evB‡e‡j ÔhxïÕ evisevi D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb
†h, wZwb †KejgvÎ ÔBmªv‡qj-mš—vbM‡YiÕ Rb¨ †cÖwiZ n‡q‡Qb| Bmªv‡qj mš—vbMY Qvov Ab¨‡`i wbKU Zuvi ag© cÖPvi Ki‡Z
wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| weK…Z evB‡e‡ji eY©bv Abymv‡i hxï Lªx÷ hLb Zuvi 12 Rb wkl¨‡K †cÖwiZc‡` wbhy³ K‡i ag© cÖPv‡i †cÖiY
Ki‡jb, ZLb wZwb Zv‡`i‡K e‡jb, Ò†Zvgiv ciRvwZM‡Yi (A-Bn~`x‡`i) c‡_ hvBI bv, Ges kgixq‡`i †Kv‡bv bM‡i cÖ‡ek
KwiI bv...Ó 483 wZwb Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb: ÒBmªv‡qj Kz‡ji nvivb †gl Qvov Avi Kvnv‡iv wbK‡U Avwg †cÖwiZ nB bvB|Ó 484
Gfv‡e wZwb A-Bn~`x mKj RvwZ I kgixq‡`i g‡a¨ L„÷ag© cÖPvi Ki‡Z wb‡la Ki‡jb| Ges Zuvi ag©‡K ïaygvÎ
Bmªv‡qj mš—vb ev Bn~`x‡`i Rb¨ wbw`©ó e‡j †NvlYv Ki‡jb| cÖPwjZ evB‡e‡ji eY©bv Abymv‡i Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, ag© I
`xv cÖ`vb †Zv `~‡ii K_v, A-Bmªv‡qjxq ev A-Bn~`x‡`i‡K hxï mvgb¨ `yÔAv Ki‡Z ev Svo-duyK w`‡ZI ivwR nb wb| eis
Zv‡`iK KzKzi e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb| 485
cvš—‡i KziAvb Kvixg me©`v gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi kixqZ I KziAv‡bi wb‡`©kbv Ôgvbe RvwZÕi Rb¨ e‡j D‡j­L
K‡i‡Q| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi me©RbxbZv welqK AvqvZ¸wj Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© D‡j­L K‡iwQ| Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb
†h, KziAvb‡K wZwb gvbe RvwZi Rb¨ †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb| wZwb e‡j‡Qb :
ﹺﻥﺎﹶﻗ�ﺭﹸﻔﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻬﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺕﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ�ﻭ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻠِﻟ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻫ �ﻥَﺁ�ﺭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥﺎ�ﻀ�ﻤ�ﺭ �ﺭ�ﻬﹶﺸ
Òivgv`vb gvm, hv‡Z gvbeRvwZi c_ cÖ`k©K Ges mrc‡_i my¯úó wb`©kb I mZ¨vm‡Z¨i cv_©K¨Kvix KziAvb
AeZxY© n‡q‡Q|Ó 486
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q:
129
�ﺩﻴ�ﻤ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﺯﻴﹺﺯ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﻁﺍ�ﺭ�ﺼ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﹺﻥﹾﺫِﺈﹺﺒ ﹺﺭﻭﱡﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺕﺎ�ﻤﹸﻠﱡﻅﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺝﹺﺭﹾﺨﹸﺘِﻟ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻩﺎﹶﻨﹾﻟ�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ
ÒGwU Ggb GKwU wKZve hv Avwg Avcbvi cÖwZ AeZxY© K‡iwQ, †hb Avcwb gvbe RvwZ‡K Zv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki
wb‡`©kµ‡g †ei K‡i wb‡q Av‡mb AÜKvi †_‡K Av‡jvi w`‡K, Zuvi c‡_ whwb civµgkvjx, cÖkswmZ|Ó 487
GRb¨ KziAvb Kvix‡g cÖ_g ch©v‡qi welq¸‡jv, A_©vr mwVK wek¦vm (mnxn AvKx`v), ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva, gvbweK

`vwqZ¡vewj, mr I Amr K‡g©i weeiY I cwiYwZ eY©bvq Ggb GK cwic~Y© ¯úóZvi AbymiY Kiv n‡q‡Q †hb, mKj hy‡M mKj
mgv‡Ri gvbylB mvaviY fvlvÁv‡bi gva¨‡gB Gi wkv mn‡RB ü`q½g Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Aci w`‡K wØZxq ch©v‡qi welq¸‡jv,
A_©vr mvgvwRK, RvMwZK ev ˆelwqK mgm¨vmg~‡ni mwVK I Kj¨vYg~Lx mgvavb cª`v‡bi †‡Î Giƒcfv‡e g~jbxwZ¸‡jv eY©bv
Kiv n‡q‡Q †hb mKj hy‡Mi mKj mgv‡Ri gvby‡liv Gi AbymiY Ki‡Z cv‡i, Avevi we¯—vwiZ cÖ‡qv‡Mi †‡Î wewfbœ mgv‡Ri
Pvwn`v, g~j¨‡eva, I wbqgbxwZi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨Zv eRvq _v‡K| Avi Gme wKQzB mKj hy‡Mi mKj gvby‡li Rb¨ mnR I
my›`ifv‡e eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q, ‡hb mK‡jB Zv ü`q½g Ki‡Z cv‡ib| gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
130
ﹴﺭ�ﻜ�ﺩ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ ْل�ﻬﹶﻓ ﹺﺭﹾﻜﱢﺫﻠِﻟ �ﻥَﺁ�ﺭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺭ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ�ﻭ
Òwbðq Avwg KziAvb‡K wkv MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ mnR K‡iwQ, wkv MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ wK †KD Av‡Q?Ó 488
4. 3. 4. 4. c~e©eZx© Mªš’mg~‡ni iwnZKiY
KziAvb AeZvi‡Yi gva¨‡g Avj­vni c~e©eZx© mKj MÖ‡š’i g~j wkv‡K msiY K‡i‡Qb Ges GB gnvMÖ‡š’i c~‡e©i
mKj MÖš’‡K iwnZ K‡i‡Q| ZvIivZ, hve~i I BbRxj welqK Av‡jvPbv Kv‡j Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, KziAvb c~e©eZ©x mKj MÖ‡š’i
g~j weï× wkv¸wji mg_©K I wbwðZKvix, †m¸wji ch©‡eK-wbqš¿K| KziAv‡bi wkvi evB‡i †m¸wji g‡a¨ hv wKQz
i‡q‡Q meB wKZvex‡`i gbMov welq, KziAv‡bi wkvi evB‡i †m¸wji AbymiY Kiv hv‡e bv| GRb¨ gnvb Avj­vn KziAvb
Kixg‡K c~‡e© AeZxY© MÖš’mg~‡ni mg_©K (confirmer) I ch©‡eK-wbqš¿K (watcher) e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb|
4. 3. 4. 5. gyw³i GKgvÎ w`kvix
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, cweÎ KziAvbB Avj­vni GKgvÎ AweK…Z I cwic~Y©fv‡e msiwZ evYx, hv‡K Avj­vn
mKj hy‡Mi mKj gvby‡li gyw³i Rb¨ mZ¨, Kj¨vY I g½‡ji c‡_i w`kvix wn‡m‡e †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb| Gi AbymiYB gvby‡li
gyw³i GKgvÎ c_| Kj¨vY, eiKZ, mdjZv I gyw³i mÜvb w`‡q gvbyl‡K Zvi Kvw•LZ j‡ †cŠuQv‡Z cvi‡e GKgvÎ GB
MÖš’B| Avj­vn GB gnv MÖš’‡K ‡cÖiY K‡i‡Qb Zv Abyaveb Kivi Rb¨ Ges Zv †_‡K wkv MªnY K‡i Rxeb cwiPvjbvi Rb¨|
Avj­vn ZvÕAvjv e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻠِﻟ ﹲﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ�ﻭ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﹺﺭﻭ�ﺩ�ﺼﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻤِﻟ �ﺀﺎﹶﻔ�ﺸ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹲﺔﹶﻅ�ﻋ�ﻭ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹾﺘ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ �ﺩﹶﻗ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
ÔÔ†n gvbe RvwZ, †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q G‡m‡Q †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki c †_‡K Dc‡`k Ges †Zvgv‡`i Aš—‡ii g‡a¨ hv i‡q‡Q Zvi
cÖwZKvi Ges mwVK c‡_i c_wb‡`©k I ingZ gywgb‡`i Rb¨|ÕÕ 489
GB MÖ‡š’i AbymiYB gvbyl‡K `ywbqv I Av‡Liv‡Zi mKj Kj¨vY I ingZ c‡_ cwiPvwjZ Ki‡e| Avj­vn myenvbvû
Iqv ZvÔAvjv e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﹸﺘ �ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻠ�ﻌﹶﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﺍ�ﻭ �ﻩﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘﺎﹶﻓ �ﻙ�ﺭﺎ�ﺒ�ﻤ �ﻩﺎﹶﻨﹾﻟ�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ�ﻭ
ÔÔAvwg GB wKZve bvwhj K‡iwQ hv Kj¨vYgq| myZivs †Zvgiv Gi AbymiY Ki Ges mvevavb nI, Zvn‡j nqZ †Zvgiv
ingZ †c‡Z cvi‡e|ÕÕ 490
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺭﻴﹺﺒﹶﻜ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﺠَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬ ﹶﻟ �ﻥَﺃ �ﺕﺎ�ﺤِﻟﺎ�ﺼﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺭﱢﺸ�ﺒ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻭﹾﻗَﺃ �ﻲ�ﻫ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻠِﻟ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻬ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺁ�ﺭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥِﺇ
ÔÔwbðq GB KziAvb c_ wb‡`©k K‡i m‡e©vËg wel‡qi Ges mymsev` cÖ`vb K‡i mrKg©civqY gywgb‡`i‡K †h, Zv‡`i
Rb¨ gnvcyi¯‹vi i‡q‡Q|ÕÕ 491
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, KziAvb‡K Avj­vn bvwhj K‡i‡Qb mnR I my¯úó fvlvq, †hb mKj cvVK mn‡RB Zv eyS‡Z I
ü`q½g Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges Zvi wkv AbymiY Ki‡Z cv‡i| KziAv‡bi A_© wPš—v I Zv ü`q½g Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡q gnvb Avj­vn
e‡jb:
ÔÔZviv wK KziAvb‡K AbyaveY K‡i bv? bv wK Zv‡`i Aš—i Zvjveä?ÕÕ 492
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
ﺎ�ﻬﹸﻟﺎﹶﻔﹾﻗَﺃ ﹴﺏﻭﹸﻠﹸﻗ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡَﺃ �ﻥَﺁ�ﺭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﺒ�ﺩﹶﺘ�ﻴ ﻼﹶﻓَﺃ
ﹺﺏﺎ�ﺒﹾﻟَﻷﺍ ﻭﹸﻟﻭُﺃ �ﺭﱠﻜﹶﺫﹶﺘ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘﺎ�ﻴَﺁ ﺍﻭ�ﺭ�ﺒ�ﺩ�ﻴِﻟ �ﻙ�ﺭﺎ�ﺒ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻩﺎﹶﻨﹾﻟ�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ
ÒGwU GK gnvKj¨vYgq MÖš’ hv Avwg Avcbvi cÖwZ AeZxY© K‡iwQ †hb gvby‡liv Gi AvqvZmg~n Abyaveb I wPš—v-M‡elYv

K‡i Ges †evakw³m¤úbœ e¨w³MY wkv MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i|Ó 493
GRb¨ cÖ‡Z¨K gymwj‡gi cÖavb `vwqZ¡ KziAvb cvV Kiv I Abyaveb Kiv| m¤¢e n‡j GKUz Kó K‡i KziAvb eySvi gZ
mnR Aviex wkv Kiv| bv n‡j KziAv‡bi Abyev` cvV Kiv| cÖ‡Z¨‡KiB `vwqZ¡ KziAvb w`‡q ü`q Av‡jvwoZ I Av‡jwKZ
Kiv Ges Rxe‡bi mKj †‡Î Gi wkvi AbymiY Kiv|
GB gnvMÖš’ Avj-KziAvbB b~i ev Av‡jv hv gvbe RvwZ‡K mZ¨, Kj¨vY, kvwš— I mg„w×i c‡_ cwiPvwjZ K‡i| hvi
Abymi‡Yi gva¨‡gB mdjZv I mg„w× AR©b m¤¢e| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
131
�ﺭﻴﹺﺒﹶﺨ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻟ�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﹺﺭﻭﱡﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪِﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺂﹶﻓ
ÔÔAZGe †Zvgiv Avj­vni Dci Ges Zvi ivm~‡ji Dci Ges †h b~i (Av‡jv ev †R¨vwZ) Avwg bvwhj K‡iwQ Zvi
(KziAv‡bi) Dci wek¦vm ¯’vcb Ki| Ges Avj­vn †Zvgv‡`i Kg© m¤ú‡K© mwe‡kl AewnZ|ÕÕ 494
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺤ�ﻠﹾﻔ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺃ �ﻪ�ﻌ�ﻤ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﺭﻭﱡﻨﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻌ�ﺒﱠﺘﺍ�ﻭ �ﻩﻭ�ﺭ�ﺼﹶﻨ�ﻭ �ﻩﻭ�ﺭ�ﺯ�ﻋ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺎﹶﻓ
Òhviv Zuvi (ivm~j D¤§x bex gynv¤§v` �-Gi) cÖwZ wek¦vm ¯’vcb K‡i, Zv‡K m¤§vb K‡i, Zv‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i Ges †h b~i
Zvi mv‡_ AeZxY© n‡q‡Q Zvi AbymiY K‡i ZvivB mdjKvg|Ó 495
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
ﺎﹰﻨﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ ﺍ�ﺭﻭﹸﻨ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻟ�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ �ﺩﹶﻗ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
Ò†n gvbe RvwZ, †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU †_‡K †Zvgv‡`i wbKU cÖgvY G‡m‡Q Ges Avwg †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ ¯úó b~i
(†R¨vwZ) AeZxY© K‡iwQ|Ó 496
Ab¨Î ejv n‡q‡Q:
�ﺀﺎـﹶﺸﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻬﹶﻨ ﺍ�ﺭﻭﹸﻨ �ﻩﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻥﺎ�ﻤﻴِﻹﺍ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﹶﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨﹺﺭ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﺤﻭ�ﺭ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺤ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻜ�ﻭ
. ﹴﻡﻴ�ﻘﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﻁﺍ�ﺭ�ﺼ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻬﹶﺘﹶﻟ �ﻙﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ �ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ
ÒGfv‡e Avwg †Zvgvi cÖwZ cÖZ¨v‡`k K‡iwQ Avgvi wb‡`©‡ki iƒn, Zzwg †Zv Rvb‡Z bv wKZve Kx Ges Cgvb Kx, cvš—‡i
Avwg G‡K K‡iwQ b~i, hØviv Avwg Avgvi ev›`vM‡Yi g‡a¨ hv‡K B”Qv c_-wb‡`©k Kwi| Zzwg †Zv cÖ`k©b Ki †Kej mij c_|Ó 497
Ab¨Î Avj­vn Bikv` K‡i‡Qb:
�ﺩﻴ�ﻤ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﺯﻴﹺﺯ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﻁﺍ�ﺭ�ﺼ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﹺﻥﹾﺫِﺈﹺﺒ ﹺﺭﻭﱡﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺕﺎ�ﻤﹸﻠﱡﻅﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺝﹺﺭﹾﺨﹸﺘِﻟ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻩﺎﹶﻨﹾﻟ�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ
ÔÔAvwg GB wKZve Avcbvi Dci bvwhj K‡iwQ †hb Avcwb gvbeRvwZ‡K Zv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki wb‡`©‡k AÜKvi †_‡K
Av‡jv‡Z †ei K‡i wb‡q Av‡mb, gnvcivµgkvjx cÖkswmZ Avj­vni c‡_|ÕÕ 498
Avj­vni AeZvwiZ MÖš’‡K cwic~Y©fv‡e wek¦vm Kiv I Zuvi wb‡`©kgZ Rxeb cwiPvjbv Kiv wek¦vmx‡`i AZ¨vek¨Kxq `vwqZ¡|
Avj­vni MÖ‡š’i wKQz Ask‡K wek¦vm Kiv Avi wKQy &Ask‡K Awek¦vm Kivi A_© G‡K cy‡ivcywi Awek¦vm Kiv| †Zgwbfv‡e Gi wkv
I weavbgZ RxeY cwiPvjbv bv Kiv Awek¦v‡miB bvgvš—i, AZ¨vPvi I KwVb cvc| gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒGes hviv Avj­vn hv AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Zv Abymv‡i weavb dqmvjv cÖ`vb bv K‡i ZvivB n‡jv Awek¦vmx|Ó 499
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤ ِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻟﺍ
�ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒGes hviv Avj­vn hv AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Zv Abymv‡i weavb dqmvjv cÖ`vb bv K‡i ZvivB n‡jv AZ¨vPvix|Ó 500
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻘ�ﺴﺎﹶﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒGes hviv Avj­vn hv AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Zv Abymv‡i weavb dqmvjv cÖ`vb bv K‡i ZvivB n‡jv cvcx|Ó 501

Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
�ﺔـ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻴﹾﻨ�ﺩﻟﺍ �ﺓﺎ�ﻴ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻱ�ﺯ�ﺨ ﻻِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ ُل�ﻌﹾﻔ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺀﺍ�ﺯ�ﺠ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹸﻔﹾﻜﹶﺘ�ﻭ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅﹸﺘﹶﻓَﺃ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋ ٍل�ﻓﺎﹶﻐﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹺﺏﺍﹶﺫ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺩﹶﺸَﺃ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﺭ�ﻴ
Ò†Zvgiv wK wKZv‡ei wKQz Ask wek¦vm Ki Ges wKQz Ask Awek¦vm Ki? †Zvgv‡`i ga¨ †_‡K hviv Giƒc Ki‡e Zv‡`i
GKgvÎ cÖwZdj n‡jv cvw_©e Rxe‡b jvÂbv Ges wKqvg‡Zi w`‡b Zviv KwVbZg kvw¯—i w`‡K wbwß n‡e| †Zvgiv hv KiQ Avj­vn
†m m¤ú‡K© AbewnZ bb|Ó 502
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, Avj­vni MÖš’mg~‡n wek¦vm Kiv Bmjvgx ag©wek¦v‡mi Ab¨Zg Ask| cÖwZwU wek¦vmx gymwjg
Avj­vni †cªwiZ mKj MÖ‡š’ wek¦vm K‡ib| KziAvb Kvix‡gi c~e©eZx© MÖš’mg~‡n Avgv‡`i wek¦vm ‡gŠwjK mZ¨Zvq wek¦vm I m¤§vb
`v‡b mxgve×, Avi KziAv‡bi cÖwZ Avgv‡`i wek¦vm Kg©gq| Avgiv wek¦vm Kwi †h, Avj­vn gvbeRvwZi mwVK c_ cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨
hy‡M-hy‡M hZ MÖš’ †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb meB mZ¨ Ges meB Avj­vn evYx| Z‡e †h‡nZz c~e©eZx© mKj MÖš’ wejyß ev weK…Z n‡q‡Q, ZvB
†mmKj Mª‡š’i AbymiY ev Z`ybyhvqx Rxeb cwiPvjbv m¤¢e bq| KziAvb Kvixg‡K Avj­vn me©‡kl MÖš’ wn‡m‡e me©Kv‡ji mKj
gvby‡li Rb¨ AeZvwiZ K‡i‡Qb Ges Zuvi weï×Zv‡K iv K‡i‡Qb| cÖwZwU wek¦vmx gymwjg cweÎ KziAvb‡K Avj­vni GKgvÎ
msiwZ weï× evYx e‡j wek¦vm K‡ib Ges Gi wkv Abymv‡i Rxeb cwiPvjbv K‡ib|
4. 3. 5. Avj­vni †cÖwiZ MÖš’mg~‡n wek¦v‡mi Kj¨vY
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, Avj­vni †cÖwiZ MÖš’mg~‡n wek¦vm Kiv Avgv‡`i Rxe‡bi Rb¨ Adzš—
Kj¨v‡Yi Drm| cÖ_gZ: GB wek¦vm Avgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK mªóvi mv‡_ Avgv‡`i g‡bi m¤úK© Av‡iv my`„p K‡i Ges Zuvi cÖwZ
Mfxi K…ZÁZvq Avgv‡`i gb f‡i D‡V| Avgiv gvby‡li Rb¨ Avj­vni Abš— fvjevmv I Ki“Yv Abyfe Ki‡Z cvwi| Avgiv
†`L‡Z cvB †h, wZwb Avgv‡`i‡K m„wó K‡i Ges we‡eK I wePvi Ávb `vb K‡iB †Q‡o †`bbwb| Dciš‘ Avgv‡`i‡K Kj¨vY I
g½‡ji c‡_i w`kv `v‡bi Rb¨ Zuvi g‡bvbxZ bex-ivm~jM‡Yi gva¨‡g Zuvi MÖš’ ‡cÖiY K‡i‡Qb| we‡klZ gvbexq Áv‡bi
mxgve×Zvi Kvi‡Y gvbyl †h mKj welq eyS‡Z cv‡i bv ev ïay gvbexq Áv‡bi Dci wbf©i K‡i eyS‡Z †M‡j weåvwš—i g‡a¨
wbcwZZ nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K Ges †h mKj wel‡q gvbyl fvjg›` eyS‡jI cvw_©e ¯^v_© ev Kvgbv-evmbvi ekeZx© n‡q fzj wm×vš—
ev fzj gZ `vb Ki‡Z cv‡i †mmKj wel‡q mwVK c‡_i I mwVK g‡Zi Ávb `v‡bi Rb¨ Avj­vni Zvui evYx †cªiY K‡i‡Qb, †hb
gvbyl me©`v Kj¨vY I g½‡ji c‡_ _vK‡Z cv‡i| gvby‡li cÖwZ mªóvi G GK Acixmxg Ki“Yv| G Ki“Yvi Dcjwä Zvui cÖwZ
Avgv‡`i K…ZÁZvi Abyf‚wZ Mfxi K‡i| Avgiv Rvwb †h, mªóvi cÖwZ K…ZÁZv I fvjevmvi Abyfe Avgv‡`i g‡bi mKj cÖkvwš—
I kw³i Drm| GB Abyfe hZ Mfxi n‡e, Avgv‡`i g‡bi cÖkvwš— Ges kw³I ZZ cÖMvp n‡e|
Dciš‘ GB wek¦vm Avgv‡`i‡K Avj­vni †cÖwiZ MÖ‡š’i AbymiY Ges Zuvi wkv Abyhvqx RxeY cwiPvjbvq D×z× K‡i|
Avi Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Avj­vni evYxi Abymi‡Yi g‡a¨B i‡q‡Q Avgv‡`i Rxe‡bi mKj Kj¨vY, g½j, DbœwZ I mdjZv|
GQvov Avj­vni ‡cªwiZ MÖ‡š’ wek¦v‡mi gva¨‡g Avgiv wewfbœ hy‡M wewfbœ mgv‡R weivwRZ agx©q AvPvi AvPi‡Y
wewfbœZvi KviY Rvb‡Z cvwi| Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, Avj­vn wewfbœ hy‡M wewfbœ mgv‡Ri gvbyl‡`i‡K wewfbœ ai‡Yi weavb
`vb K‡i‡Qb| GmKj a‡g©i wek¦vm I ˆbwZK weavb g~jZ GK| Z‡e e¨envwiK weavbejx mswk­&ó Rb‡Mvôxi Pvwn`v I
cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx wfbœ wQj| me©‡kl MÖš’ Avj-KziAvb †cÖiY K‡i Avj­vni mKj weav‡bi mgš^q mvab K‡i‡Qb|
4. 4. ivm~jM‡Yi cÖwZ Cgvb
Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡qi ïi“‡Z Avgiv D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, Bmjvgx Cgvb ev ag©-wek¦v‡mi Ab¨Zg welq Avj­vni ivm~jM‡Y wek¦vm
Kiv| gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi byeyIqvZ I wimvjv‡Zi wel‡q wek¦vm Av&giv Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| GLv‡b Avgiv Avj­vni
g‡bvbxZ bex ivm~jM‡Yi cÖwZ Bmjvgx wek¦v‡mi Aewkó w`K¸wj D‡j­L Kie|
4. 4. 1. Avj­vni Acvi Ki“Yv
gnvb mªóv Avj­vn gvbeRvwZ‡K Zuvi Acvi Ki“Yv wm³ K‡i m„wó K‡i‡Qb| wZwb Zuvi GB wcÖq I m¤§vwbZ m„wó‡K
`vwqZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb G c„w_ex‡K my›`i emevm‡hvM¨ Kivi| GB `vwq‡Z¡i mv‡_ msMwZ m¤úbœ wewfbœ ¸Yvewj Zv‡`i‡K `vb
K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i‡K wZwb Zuvi mKj m„wói g‡a¨ m¤§vb `vb K‡i‡Qb, `vb K‡i‡Qb we‡eK I DbœZ Ávb| gvby‡li Aš—‡i
w`‡q‡Qb ïf, g½j I Kj¨vYgq K‡gi cÖwZ AvKl©Y I Aïf- AKj¨v‡Yi cªwZ weiw³| Zv‡K w`‡q‡Qb †jvf, †µva, wnsmv,
fvjevmv, AvZ¥‡cÖg BZ¨vw` †gŠwjK gvbexq kw³ ev ¸Yvewj, †h mKj ¸‡Yi mwVK cª‡qvM gvbyl‡K Zvi gvbexq c~Y©Zvi
wkL‡i DVvq| Avevi G mKj ¸Y ev ¯^fveRvZ kw³i fzj cÖ‡qvM gvbyl‡K gvb‡eZi Rx‡ei †P‡qI wbK…ó cÖvYx‡Z cwiYZ
K‡i|
ZvB m„wó RM‡Z gvby‡li m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zvi `vwqZ¡ Acixwmg| Avi GB `vwqZ¡ mwVKfv‡e cvj‡bi g‡a¨B i‡q‡Q
gvby‡li Bn‡jŠwKK Kj¨vY, DbœwZ I mg„w× Ges ci‡jŠwKK gyw³ I kvwš—|
gvby‡li cÖwZ gnvb mªóvi Ki“Yv Amxg| wZwb Zv‡K Zuvi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq kw³ I ¸Yvejx `vb Kiv
132

QvovI Zv‡K Kj¨vY I g½‡ji c_ cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ wZwb hy‡M hy‡M wewfbœ mgv‡Ri g‡a¨ †_‡K wewfbœ gvbyl‡K †e‡Q wb‡q Zvu‡`i
Kv‡Q Inx ev cÖZ¨v‡`‡ki gva¨‡g gvby‡li mwVK c‡_i mÜvb `vb K‡i‡Qb|
4. 4. 2. bex I ivm~j
Avj­vni g‡bvbxZ GmKj gvbyl‡K Bmjv‡gi cwifvlvq bex ev ivm~j ejv nq| cweÎ KziAv‡b I nv`x‡m wewfbœ ¯’v‡b
GB `yBwU kã e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q, Z‡e GZ`yf‡qi g‡a¨ cv_©‡K¨i wel‡q KziAvb ev nv`x‡m my¯úó wKQz ejv nq wb|
ÔbexÕ (�ﻲﺒﻨﻟﺍ) kãwU Ôb~b, ev I nvghvÕ wZb e‡Y©i mgš^‡q MwVZ Aviex (ﺄ�ﺒﹶﻨ) wµqvg~j †_‡K M„nxZ| ÔbvevÕ ( ُﺄـ�ﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ) A_©
msev`, Lei BZ¨vw`| wµqv wn‡m‡e Avb&evAv (َﺄ�ﺒﹾﻨَﺃ) I bve&evAv ( ﺄـ�ﺒﹶﻨ) A_© msev` cÖ`vb, ejv ev Rvbv‡bv| kãwUi †kl Ai
nvghv| GRb¨ ÔAvb-bvweBDÕ ( �ﻲـﺒﻨﻟﺍ) kãwU g~‡j wQj ÔAvb-bvex-D ( ﺀﻲـﺒﻨﻟﺍ)| AZ¨waK e¨env‡ii d‡j nvghvwU cwiewZ©Z
n‡q Bqv-‡Z iƒcvš—wiZ n‡q‡Q| ÔAvb-bvweBDÕ kãwUi A_© msev``vZv|
Aviex‡Z Ôb~bÕ, ÔevÕ I ÔIqvIÕ wZb e‡Y©i mgš^‡q Av‡iKwU kã i‡q‡Q, hvi A_© D”P nIqv| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv fvlvwe`
gZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb †h, ÔbexÕ kãwU GB avZz †_‡K M„nxZ| †m‡‡Î kãwUi A_© nq ÔmyD”P, ÔD”PxK…ZÕ ev Ôgh©v`vgqÕ| Z‡e
KziAvb Kvix‡gi wewfbœ e¨envi I KziAv‡bi wewfbœ wKivAv‡Zi Av‡jv‡K ¯úó nq †h, Avj­vni c †_‡K gvbyl‡`i‡K
Ômsev`Õ cÖ`v‡bi A‡_©B ÔbexÕ ejv nq|
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, ivm~j ( لﻭـﺴﺭﻟﺍ) kãwUi AvwfavwbK A_© †cÖwiZ, `~Z BZ¨vw`| Aviex ÔAvimvjvÕ
(لﺴﺭﺃ) A_© †cÖiY Kiv| A‡b¨i c †_‡K †Kv‡bv msev`, Z_¨ ev evYx wb‡q whwb AvMgb K‡ib Zv‡K ivm~j ejv nq|
ag©xq cwifvlvq bex A_© whwb Avj­vni c †_‡K Inx ev cÖZ¨v‡`‡ki gva¨‡g cÖvß Kj¨vY AKj¨vY, ïf-Aïf wewfbœ K‡g©i
c_ I cwiYwZ m¤ú‡K© mKj msev` gvbyl‡K Rvbvb, ciKvj, RvbœvZ, Rvnvbœvg BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© gvbyl‡`iK msev` `vb K‡ib| Avi
(ivm~j) whwb Avj­vni c †_‡K cÖvß Inxi gva¨‡g, cÖvß evZv© ev wkv Avj­vni †cÖwiZ `~Z wn‡m‡e gvbyl‡`i Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q †`b|
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, A‡_©i w`K †_‡K `yBwU kãB cÖvqB mgv_©K| e¨env‡ii w`K †_‡KI kã `ywU cÖvqB
mgv_©K| mKj bex ivm~jB Avj­vni g‡bvbxZ gvbyl hv‡`i‡K Avj­vn Inxi gva¨‡g Zuvi evYx wkv `vb K‡i‡Qb, †h wkv
mvaviY †Kv‡bv gvbyl gvbexq Ávb ev †Kv‡bv mvabv cÖ‡Póvi gva¨‡g AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡ibv|
kã؇qi g‡a¨ kixq‡Zi cwifvlvq †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ Av‡Q wK bv †m wel‡q AvwjgMY gZ‡f` K‡i‡Qb| gZ‡f‡`i KviY G
wel‡q KziAvb Kvix‡gi ev nv`xm kix‡d †Kv‡bv ¯úó wb‡`©kbv †bB| GRb¨ AvwjgMY KziAvb I nv`x‡mi cÖvmw½K wb‡`©kbvi
Av‡jv‡K BRwZnv` K‡i‡Qb| †KD †KD gZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb †h, Dfq cwifvlvi g‡a¨ e¨envwiK †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ †bB| Kv‡RB mKj
bexB ivm~j Ges mKj ivm~jB bex|
AwaKvsk Avwjg gZcÖKvk K‡i‡Qb †h, kã`ywUi g‡a¨ cvwifvwlK I e¨envwiK cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| Zuviv Av‡iv GKgZ
cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb †h, wimvjvZ (ﺔﻟﺎﺴﺭﻟﺍ) ev ivm~‡ji `vwqZ¡i †P‡q byeyIqvZ (ﺓﻭﺒﻨﻟﺍ) ev bexi `vwqZ¡ mvaviYZi| G Rb¨ mKj
ivm~jB bex, wKš‘ mKj bexB ivm~j bb| †h †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Avj­vni c †_‡K Inxi gva¨‡g `xb ev kixqZ welqK †Kv‡bv
wb‡`©kbv jvf K‡ib wZwbB bex| Avi ivm~j AwZwi³ wKQz `vwqZ¡ jvf K‡ib|
ivm~‡ji AwZwi³ `vwq‡Z¡i cÖK…wZ I ¯^iƒc wba©vi‡Y Zuviv LywUbvwU gZ‡f` K‡i‡Qb| G wel‡q Beby Avwej Bh&h
nvbvdx e‡jb:
�ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻤْﺄ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ ، ٌلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ �ﻭ�ﻬﹶﻓ �ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ ﹶﻎﱢﻠ�ﺒ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ ،�ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹺﺭ�ﺒﹶﺨﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻩَﺄ�ﺒﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥَﺃ ﺎ�ﻬﹸﻨ�ﺴ�ﺤَﺃ�ﻭ ،ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎﹰﻗﻭ�ﺭﹸﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹶﻜﹶﺫ �ﺩﹶﻗ�ﻭ
. ٍلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﹺﺒ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ �ﻭ�ﻬﹶﻓ �ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ ﹶﻎﱢﻠ�ﺒ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ
Òbex I ivm~‡ji g‡a¨ cv_©‡K¨i wel‡q wewfbœ K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| G wel‡q me‡P‡q my›`i gZ †h, hv‡K Avj­vn Avmgvbx
msev` cÖ`vb K‡ib hw` Zv‡K Avj­vn †mB msev` Ab¨‡K cÖ`v‡bi `vwqZ¡ cÖ`vb K‡ib Z‡e wZwb bex I ivm~j| Avi hw`
Zv‡K Giƒc cÖPv‡ii `vwqZ¡ bv †`Iqv nq Z‡e wZwb bex gvÎ, ivm~j bb|Ó 503
†gvj­v Avjx Kvix e‡jb:
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﻟﺍﻭ : ﺽﺎﻴﻋ ﻲﻀﺎﻘﻟﺍ لﺎﻗ . ﻻ ﻡﺃ ﻎﻴﻠﺒﺘﻟﺎﺒ �ﺭ�ﻤﺅ�ﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻋﺃ ،ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﻲ�ﺤ�ﻭُﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺒﻨﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻎﻴﻠﺒﺘﻟﺎﺒ ﺭ�ﻤُﺃ ﻥﻤ لﻭﺴﺭﻟﺍ
ﻲﺒﻨﻟﺍ : لﻴﻘﻓ ،ﻪﻴﻓ ﻑﻼﺨﻟﺍ ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﻏ لﻘﻨﻟ ،ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻉﺎﻤﺠﻹﺍ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ لﻘﻨ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺭﻗﺃ ﻭﻫﻭ . ﺱﻜﻋ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺒﻨ لﻭﺴﺭ لﻜ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻟﺍ
�ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ
ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ) : ﻰﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﻪﻟﻭﻘﻟ ﻥﺍﺭﻴﺎﻐﺘﻤ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﺃ ﺭﻬﻅﻷﺍﻭ ،ﻡﺎﻤﻬﻟﺍ ﻥﺒﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﺘﺨﺍﻭ ،ﻥﺎﻓﺩﺍﺭﺘﻤ ﺎﻤﻫ لﻴﻗﻭ ،ﺭﻤﺅﻴ ﻻ ﻥﻤﺒ ﺹﺘﺨﻤ
ﺔﻴﻵﺍ ( �ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ ﻻ�ﻭ ٍلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ
Òhv‡K cÖPv‡ii wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q wZwb ivm~j| Avi hv‡K Inx †`Iqv n‡q‡Q wZwbB bex, Zv‡K cÖPv‡ii wb‡`©k †`Iqv
†nvK ev bv †nvK| Kvwh Bqvh e‡jb: AwaKvsk Avwjg GKgZ †h, mKj ivm~jB bex, Z‡e mKj bex ivm~j bb| †KD †KD D‡j­L
K‡i‡Qb †h, AvwjgMY G wel‡q BRgv ev HKgZ¨ †cvlY K‡i‡Qb| Kvwh Bqv‡hi eY©bvwUB mwVK, A_©vr G wel‡q mKj Avwjg
GKgZ †cvlY K‡ib wb, eis AwaKvsk Avwjg GKgZ †cvlY K‡i‡Qb| KviY GKvwaK Avwjg G wel‡q gZ‡f` D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb|
†KD e‡j‡Qb, hv‡K cÖPv‡ii wb‡`©k †`Iqv nq wb Zuv‡KB ïay bex ejv nq| †KD e‡j‡Qb: bex I ivm~j `ywU GKv_©‡evaK kã;
Df‡qi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ †bB| Bebyj ûgvg GB gZwU MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| mwVKZi gZ †h, Dfq k‡ãi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Av‡Q| KviY
133

gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb 504 : Avwg Avcbvi c~‡e© †h †Kv‡bv ivm~j A_ev †h †Kv‡bv bex cvwV‡qwQ...|Ó 505
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, Avj­vni c †_‡K Inx cÖvß cÖ‡Z¨K gvbyl‡KB bex ejv nq| hw` †Kv‡bv Inx cÖvß gvbyl‡K
Avj­vni bZzb weavbvejx `vb K‡i Zv cÖPv‡ii wb‡`©k `vb K‡ib Zvn‡j Zuv‡K ivm~j ejv nq| Avi hw` Zuv‡K ïay Inxi
gva¨‡g, Avj­vni evYx `vb Kiv nq, bZyb †Kv‡bv weavb cÖPv‡ii `vwqZ¡& †`Iqv bv nq Zvn‡j wZwb ivm~j bb, †KejgvÎ bex
e‡j AvL¨vwqZ nb, †hgb Bû`x‡`i g‡a¨ Avj­vn A‡bK bex †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb, hvu‡`i‡K bZzb †Kv‡bv weavbvejx `vb K‡ib wb
Zvuiv c~e©eZx© ivm~j gymv (Av)-Gi kixqZ Abymv‡i Zuv‡`i RvwZ‡K cwiPvwjZ Ki‡Zb| Avmgvbx `vwqZ¡ jv‡fi cÖ_g ch©vq
bexi `vwqZ¡ jvf Ges P~ovš— ch©vq ivm~‡ji `wqZ¡ jvf|
4. 4. 3. bex ivm~jM‡Yi msL¨v
KziAv‡bi eY©bv Abymv‡i Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, gnvb Avj­vn mKj hy‡M mKj mgv‡RB bex-ivm~j †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb|
wZwb e‡jb:
ÒcÖ‡Z¨K RvwZ‡ZB mZ©KKvix †cÖiY Kiv n‡q‡Q|Ó 506
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q:
134
�ﺭﻴ�ﺫﹶﻨ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ ﻼﹶﺨ ﻻِﺇ �ﺔ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠﹾﻅ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﻁ�ﺴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻲ�ﻀﹸﻗ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﺀﺎ�ﺠ ﺍﹶﺫِﺈﹶﻓ ٌلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﺔ�ﻤُﺃ ﱢلﹸﻜِﻟ�ﻭ
ÒcÖ‡Z¨K RvwZi Rb¨ i‡q‡Q GKRb ivm~j, Avi hLb †Kv‡bv RvwZi ivm~j Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Avwef‚©Z n‡q‡Qb ZLb Zv‡`i
g‡a¨ b¨vq wePv‡ii gva¨‡g dqmvjv `vb Kiv n‡q‡Q, Ges Zv‡`i‡K Ryjyg Kiv nqwb|Ó 507
GmKj mZK©Kvix bex-ivm~‡ji we¯—vwiZ weeiY gnvb Avj­vn Rvbvb wb| KziAvbyj Kvix‡g ejv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺼ�ﺼﹾﻘﹶﻨ �ﻡﹶﻟ ﻼ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ ُل�ﺒ ﹶﻗ
�ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎﹶﻨ�ﺼ�ﺼﹶﻗ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﻼ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ
ÒA‡bK ivm~j †cªiY K‡iwQ hv‡`i K_v B‡Zvc~‡e© Avcbv‡K e‡jwQ Ges A‡bK ivm~j †cªiY K‡iwQ hv‡`i K_v Avwg
Avcbv‡K ewj wb|Ó 508
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺹ�ﺼﹾﻘﹶﻨ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺼ�ﺼﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻼ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ�ﻭ
ÒAvcbvi c~‡e© A‡bK ivm~j †cÖiY K‡iwQ, hv‡`i g‡a¨ Kv‡iv K_v Avcbvi Kv‡Q wee„Z K‡iwQ, Avi Kv‡iv Kv‡iv K_v Avcbvi Kv‡Q
wee„Z Kwiwb|Ó 509
bex-ivm~j‡`i msL¨vi wel‡q †Kv‡bv cÖwm× MÖ‡š’ †Kv‡bv nv`xm cvIqv hvq bv| gymbv` Avng`, gymbv` Avex Bqvjv
gvIwmjx, mnxn Beb wneŸvb BZ¨vw` MÖ‡š’ wewfbœ mb‡` msKwjZ K‡qKwU nv`x‡m G wel‡q wKQz Z_¨ cvIqv hvq| †Kv‡bv
†Kv‡bv nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, bexM‡Yi msL¨v 1 j 24 nvRvi| Ab¨ nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h bexM‡Yi msL¨v wQj 8
nvRvi| Ab¨ nv`x‡m D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, bexM‡Yi msL¨v GK nvRvi ev Zvi †ewk wQj| GKvwaK nv`x‡m D‡j­L Kiv
n‡q‡Q †h, ivm~jM‡Yi msL¨v wQj 313 Rb ev 315 Rb| G mKj nv`x‡mi AwaKvskB `ye©j mb‡` ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| nv`x‡mi
bv‡g RvwjqvwZ MÖ‡š’ G mKj nv`x‡mi mb‡`i wel‡q we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| mvgwMÖK wePv‡i GKvwaK mb‡`i Kvi‡Y
†Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gynvwÏm nv`xm¸wj‡K MÖnY‡hvM¨ e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb| Avj­vnB fvj Rv‡bb| 510
†h‡nZz G welqK msL¨v¸wj Lvevi“ Iqvwn` ch©v‡qi nv`xm Ges we‡klZ G¸wji mb‡` `ye©jZv i‡q‡Q, †m‡nZz G wel‡q
mywbwðZ wKQz bv ejvB DËg e‡j gZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb gynvw°K AvwjgMY| †gvj­v Avjx Kvix e‡jb: ÒewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, ivm~jyj­vn
�-‡K bexM‡Yi msL¨v m¤ú‡K© cÖkœ Kiv nq| wZwb e‡jb: 1 j 24 nvRvi| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv eY©bvq: 2 j 24 nvRvi| Z‡e
Zuv‡`i wel‡q †Kv‡bv msL¨v wba©viY bv KivB DËg|Ó 511
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb: ÒDËg GB †h, bexM‡Yi msL¨v wba©vwiZ msL¨vi g‡a¨ mxgve× bv ivLv; Kvib ÔLvevi“j IqvwnZÕ
ch©v‡qi nv`x‡mi Dc‡i AvKx`vi wel‡q wbf©i Kiv hvq bv| eis Ri“ix GB †h, Avj­vn †hfv‡e e‡j‡Qb †mfv‡e mvaviYfv‡e
bex-ivm~jM‡Yi Dci Cgvb Avbv ... wdwikZvM‡Yj msL¨v, wKZvemg~‡ni msL¨v, bexM‡Yi msL¨v, ivm~jM‡Yi msL¨v BZ¨vw`

wel‡q g‡bvwb‡ek bv Kiv|Ó 512
4. 4. 4. bex-ivm~jM‡Yi bvg
KziAv‡b 25 Rb bexi bvg D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q: Av`g, B`wim, b~n, û`, mvwjn, Beivnxg, j~Z, BmgvCj, BmnvK, BqvK‚e,
BDm~d, AvBq~e, ïqvBe, g~mv, nviƒb, BDb~m, `vD`, myjvBgvb, Bj&Bqvm, Bj&BqvmvÕ, hyjwKdj, hvKvwiqv, BqvnBqv, Cmv, gynv¤§v`
(ﻡﻼﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﻼﺼﻟﺍ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ)| 513
KziAvb Kvix‡g D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, DhvBi‡K Bn~`xMY Avj­vni cyÎ e‡j `vwe KiZ| 514 wKš‘ Zuvi beyqZ m¤ú‡K©
wKQzB ejv nq wb| Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡j‡Qb:
ﹶﻻ �ﻡَﺃ �ﻭـ�ﻫ �ﻲـﹺﺒـﹶﻨ �ﺭـ�ﻴ�ﺯـ�ﻋﺃ �ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ
ÒAvwg Rvwb bv †h, DhvBi bex wQ‡jb wK bv|Ó 515
g~mvi (Av) Lvw`g wnmv‡e BDkv Beby b~b-Gi bvg nv`x‡m D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| ivm~jyj­vn (�) †_‡K ewY©Z †Kv‡bv mnxn
nv`x‡m Ab¨ †Kv‡bv bexi bvg D‡j­L Kiv nq wb| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv hqxd nv`x‡m Av`g (&Av) Gi cyÎ ÒkxmÓ-Gi bvg D‡j­L Kiv
n‡q‡Q| KvjyZ, nvhKxj, nvhvjv, kvg~‡qj, RviRxm, kvgEb, Biwgq, `vwb‡qj cÖgyL bexi bvg, RxeYe„Ëvš— BZ¨vw` wel‡q hv wKQz
ejv nq meB g~jZ BmivCjxq eY©bv I †m¸wji wfwˇZ gydvmwmi I HwZnvwmKM‡Yi gZvgZ|
KziAvb Kvix‡g Dwj­wLZ bex-ivm~jMY‡K Avgiv wbw`©ófv‡e Avj­vni g‡bvbxZ bex wn‡m‡e wek¦vm Kwi| Gu‡`i mevB‡K
Avgiv fvjevwm I kª×v Kwi| Avgiv wek¦vm Kwi †h, Zviv mevB wb®‹jyl Pwi‡Îi AwaKvix cweÎ gvbyl wQ‡jb| Zvuiv Avj­vni
c †_‡K Zuv‡`i cªwZ cÖ`Ë `vwqZ¡ cwic~Y©fv‡e cvjb K‡i‡Qb| Zvuiv mevB Avj­vni wcªq ev›`v I bex wQ‡jb| Gu‡`i beyqZ
ev wimvjZ Avgiv A¯^xKvi Kwibv| †KD hw` Gu‡`i Kv‡iv beyqZ ev wimvjvZ A¯^xKvi K‡ib, A_ev Gu‡`i N„bv ev Aegvbbv
K‡ib wZwb Awek¦vmx ev Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ n‡eb|
KziAvb-nv`x‡m hv‡`i‡K bex wn‡m‡e D‡j­L Kiv nq wb Zv‡`i KvD‡K Avgiv wbw`©óiƒ‡c Avj­vni g‡bvbxZ bex ej‡Z
cvwibv| Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gvby‡li m¤ú‡K©B Avgiv ej‡Z cvwibv †h, wZwb Avj­vni bex wQ‡jb| Z‡e Avgiv wek¦vm Kwi †h,
Avj­vn hy‡M hy‡M Av‡iv A‡bK bex ivm~j †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb, hviv Avj­vni g‡bvbxZ wcÖq cyZ-cweÎ, wb®‹jyl Pwi‡Îi AwaKvix
ev›`v wQ‡jb| Zuviv Zuv‡`i cÖwZ cÖ`Ë `vwqZ¡ cy‡ivcywi cvjb K‡i‡Qb| Zuv‡`i bvg ev weeiY Avgiv Rvwbbv|
4. 4. 5. bex-ivm~jM‡Yi Rxeb-e„Ëvš—
KziAv‡b ewY©Z 25Rb bexi g‡a¨ Kv‡iv-Kv‡iv wel‡q Avj­vn we¯—vwiZ wKQz eY©bv `vb K‡i‡Qb| †hgb, b~n, Beªvwng,
g~mv, BDm~d, Cmv, û`, mv‡jn, I jyZ| Avi Kv‡iv Kv‡iv m¤ú‡K© ïaygvÎ be~q‡Zi D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb, †hgb hyjwKdj,
BjBqvm. BjBqvmvÕ (AvjvBwngym mvjvg)|
mKj bexi †‡Î KziAv‡bi eY©bv I weeiY †_‡K Avgiv j¨ Kwi †h, KL‡bvB Zv‡`i e¨cv‡i HwZnvwmK ev
†fŠMwjK Z_¨ cÖ`v‡bi welq ¸iyZ¡ †`Iqv nqwb| Zv‡`i esk weeiY, †`k, hyM, eqm, fvlv BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© mvaviYfv‡e
†Kv‡bv wKQzB ejv nqwb|
KziAvb Kvix‡g b~n (Av)-Gi wel‡q ejv n‡q‡Q †h, wZwb 950 ermi RxweZ wQ‡jb| GQvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv bexi
Avqy®‹vj KziAvb Kvix‡g D‡j­L Kiv nq wb| Av`g (Av) Gi Avqy®‹vj 1 nvRvi ermi e‡j GKwU nv`x‡m D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q|
G welqK Avi †Kv‡bv Z_¨ cvIqv hvq bv|
g~jZ KziAvb Kvix‡g bex-ivm~jM‡Yi eY©bvi †‡Î †KejgvÎ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q Zuv‡`i cÖwZ Avj­vni Ki“Yv, mvnvh¨,
Zuv‡`i `vIqvZ ev Zuv‡`i RvwZi cÖwZ Zuv‡`i wkv I Avnevb wK wQj, Zvu‡`i Avnev‡b Zv‡`i RvwZi cªwZwµqv wKiƒc wQj,
Zuv‡`i Wv‡K hviv mvov w`‡q‡Qb Ges hviv Awek¦vm K‡i‡Qb Zuv‡`i cÖwZ Zv‡`i wK e³e¨ wQj, wek¦vmx Awek¦vmx‡`i g‡a¨i
we‡iva I ØÜ, Zv‡`i K‡g©i djvdj wK n‡qwQj BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© | G mKj wel‡qi cÖ‡qvR‡b KL‡bv KL‡bv †Kv‡bv ‡Kv‡bv bexi
wcZv ev gvZvi bvg ev Rb¥e„Ëvš— ev Rxe‡bi wKQz NUbv D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q, Ab¨_vq GmKj welq m¤ú~b©iƒ‡c Gwo‡q hvIqv n‡q‡Q|
†hgb: Cmv (Av)-Gi Rb¥e„Ëvš— I Zuvi gvZvi bvg D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| gymv (Av)-Gi Rb¥e„ËvšÍ I †`‡ki D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘
AwaKvsk bex, †hgb b~n, jyZ, û`, mv‡jn, AvBq~e, h~j-wKd&j BjBqvm cÖgyL bexi (Av) †‡Î Zuv‡`i wcZv, gvZv, hyM ev ‡`‡ki
†Kv‡bv D‡j­L Kiv nqwb|
4. 4. 6. bex-ivm~jMY Avj­vni ev›`v, gvbyl I cyi“l wQ‡jb
KziAvb Kvixg evisevi D‡j­L K‡i‡Q †h, bex-ivm~jMY mK‡jB Avj­vni ev›`v I gvbyl wQ‡jb| Zuviv mK‡jB cyi“l
wQ‡jb| Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, c~e©eZ©x bexM‡Yi byeyIqvZ A¯^xKvi Kivi †‡Î KvwdiM‡Yi eo Ô`wjjÕ wQj †h,
bexMY Zv‡`i gZB gvbyl, Kv‡RB Zuviv bex n‡Z cv‡ib bv| Aciw`‡K †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv weåvš— m¤cÖ`vq Zv‡`i bex‡`i A‡jŠwKK
Kg©KvÊ, AvqvZ ev gywRhv‡K cÖgvY wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i Zuv‡`i‡K Avj­vni mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z ev Dcvm¨ wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Q Ges
Avj­vni we‡kl ev›`v nIqvi Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i‡K ÔAvj­vni cyÎÕ ev ÔAvj­vni mš—vbÕ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Q| KziAvb Kvix‡g mKj
135

weåvwš—i Ac‡bv`b K‡i evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, bexMY gvbyl wQ‡jb, Z‡e Zuvi Avj­vni we‡kl AbyMÖncÖvß I InxcÖvß gvbyl
wQ‡jb| Zuviv †Kv‡bv ÔHk¦wiK gZvÕ ev Kv‡iv Kj¨vY ev AKj¨vY Kivi AwaKvix wQ‡jb bv| Zuv‡`i gh©v`v Avj­vni wcÖqZg ev›`v
I ivm~j nIqvq; Avj­vni gZv, ¸Yvewj ev Bev`Z cvIqvi wel‡q Avj­vni kixK nIqvq bq|
Zuv‡`i gvbeZ¡ cÖgv‡Yi Rb¨ gnvb Avj­vn gv‡S gv‡S Zuv‡`i gvbexq w`K¸wj D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb, †hgb Zuv‡`i Lv`¨MÖnY,
evRvi Kiv, weevn-kvw`, mš—vb MÖnY, g„Zz¨eiY, gvbexq mxgve×Zv, Kj¨vY-AKj¨v‡Y AgZv, Avj­vni B”Qv I wb‡`©‡ki
evB‡i †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK Kg© Ki‡Z bv cviv BZ¨vw`| G wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﻠـ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﹾﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻗ . ﹴﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ ﹴﻥﺎﹶﻁﹾﻠ�ﺴﹺﺒ ﺎﹶﻨﻭﹸﺘْﺄﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨُﺅﺎ�ﺒَﺁ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨﻭ�ﺩ�ﺼﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩﻴﹺﺭﹸﺘ ﺎﹶﻨﹸﻠﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ ﻻِﺇ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰـﹶﻠ�ﻋ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﹾﺫِﺈﹺﺒ ﻻِﺇ ﹴﻥﺎﹶﻁﹾﻠ�ﺴﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴ�ﺘْﺄﹶﻨ �ﻥَﺃ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﻠﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥ�ﺤﹶﻨ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ِلﱠﻜ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﻴﹾﻠﹶﻓ
ÒZviv (KvwdiMY) ejZ: Ô†Zvgiv (bexMY) †Zv Avgv‡`iB gZ gvbyl| Avgv‡`i wcZ…cyi“lMY hv‡`i Bev`Z KiZ
†Zvgiv Zv‡`i Bev`Z †_‡K Avgv‡`i‡K weiZ ivL‡Z PvI| AZGe †Zvgiv Avgv‡`i wbKU †Kv‡bv AKvU¨ cÖgvY (A‡jŠwKK
wPý ev gywRhv) Dcw¯’Z Ki| Zv‡`i ivm~jMY Zv‡`i‡K ej‡Zb: mZ¨ e‡U Avgiv †Zvgv‡`i gZ gvbylB, wKš‘ Avj­vn Zuvi
ev›`v‡`i ga¨ †_‡K hv‡K B”Qv AbyMÖn K‡ib| Avj­vni AbygwZ e¨ZxZ †Zvgv‡`i wbKU cÖgvY (gywRhv) Dcw¯’Z Kiv Avgv‡`i
KvR bq| gywgbM‡Yi Avj­vniB Dci wbf©i Kiv DwPZ|Ó 516
Ab¨Î Avj­vn myenvbvû Iqv ZvÕAvjv e‡jb:
136
ﻯ�ﺭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ ِل�ﻫَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ﻲ�ﺤﻭﹸﻨ ﺎﹰﻟﺎ�ﺠﹺﺭ ﻻِﺇ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒAvcbvi c~‡e© Rbc`evmx‡`i ga¨ †_‡K cyi“l gvbylMY‡K Qvov KvD‡K †cÖiY Kwi wb (wimvjvZ-byeIqv‡Zi `vwqZ¡
cÖ`vb Kwi wb), hv‡`i‡K Avwg Inx cÖ`vb K‡iwQjvg|Ó 517
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻡﻴ�ﻜ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺯﻴﹺﺯ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻬ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﱡل�ﻀ�ﻴﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ�ﻴِﻟ �ﻪ�ﻤ�ﻭﹶﻗ ﹺﻥﺎ�ﺴ�ﻠﹺﺒ ﻻِﺇ ٍلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒAvwg cÖ‡Z¨K ivm~j‡KB Zvi ¯^RvwZi fvlvfvlx K‡i cvwV‡qwQ, Zv‡`i wbKU cwi®‹vifv‡e e¨vL¨v Kivi Rb¨; AZtci
Avj­vn hv‡K B”Qv weåvš— K‡ib Ges hvv‡K B”Qv mrc‡_ cwiPvwjZ K‡ib Ges wZwb civµgkvjx cÖÁvgq|Ó 518
A_©vr bex-ivm~jM‡Yi `vwqZ¡ Zv‡`i m¤cÖ`v‡qi †evaMg¨ fvlvq `x‡bi K_v cÖPvi I e¨vL¨v Kiv| †n`vqvZ Kiv ev bv
Kiv Zv‡`i `vwqZ¡ bq, eis Zv Avj­vni `vwqZ¡| Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻕﺍ�ﻭ�ﺴَﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭﹸﺸ�ﻤ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻡﺎ�ﻌﱠﻁﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠﹸﻜْﺄ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨِﺇ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥﻴ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙﹶﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
Ò†Zvgvi c~‡e© Avwg †h me ivm~j †cÖiY K‡iwQ Zvi mK‡jB †Zv Avnvi KiZ Ges nv‡U evRv‡i Pjv‡div KiZ|Ó 519
gnvb Avj­vn Ab¨Î e‡jb:
�ﻡﺎ�ﻌﱠﻁﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻼﹸﻜْﺄ�ﻴ ﺎﹶﻨﺎﹶﻜ ﹲﺔﹶﻘﻴ�ﺩ�ﺼ �ﻪ�ﻤُﺃ�ﻭ ُل�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹾﺕﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﺩﹶﻗ ٌلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﻻِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﺒﺍ �ﺢﻴ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ
ÒgviBqvg Zbq gmxn †Zv GKRb ivm~j gvÎ, Zvi c~‡e© eû ivm~j MZ n‡q‡Q, Ges Zvi gvZv mZ¨wbô wQj| Zviv Df‡q
Lv`¨vnvi KiZ|Ó 520
Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb:
�ﻡﹸﻜﹺﺒﺎﹶﻘ�ﻋَﺃ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﺒﹶﻠﹶﻘﹾﻨﺍ َل�ﺘﹸﻗ �ﻭَﺃ ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓَﺃ ُل�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹾﺕﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﺩﹶﻗ ٌلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﻻِﺇ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ
ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
Ògynv¤§v` GKRb ivm~j gvÎ; Zvi c~‡e© ivm~jMY MZ n‡q‡Q| myZivs hw` †m g„Zz¨ eiY K‡i A_ev wbnZ nq Z‡e wK †Zvgiv c„ô
cÖ`k©b Ki‡e?Ó 521
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
ﱢلـﹸﻜِﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﹾﺫِﺈﹺﺒ ﻻِﺇ �ﺔ�ﻴَﺂﹺﺒ �ﻲ�ﺘْﺄ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ٍلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭِﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹰﺔ�ﻴ�ﺭﹸﺫ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﺠﺍ�ﻭ�ﺯَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻼ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ�ﻭ
�ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ٍل�ﺠَﺃ
Ò†Zvgvi c~‡e©I A‡bK ivm~j †cÖiY K‡iwQjvg Ges Zv‡`i ¯¿x I mš—vb-mš—wZ w`‡qwQjvg| Avj­vni AbygwZ e¨ZxZ

137
†Kv‡bv wb`k©b (gywRhv) Dcw¯’Z Kiv †Kv‡bv ivm~‡ji KvR bq| cÖ‡K¨K wel‡q wba©vwiZ Kvj wjwce×|Ó 522
Ab¨Î ejv n‡q‡Q:
�ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﻤَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐﹶﺘ�ﺴ ﻷ �ﻪﻴﹺﺒَﻷ �ﻡﻴ�ﻫﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒِﺇ َل�ﻭﹶﻗ ﻻِﺇ
ÒZ‡e Beivnxg Zvi wcZv‡K e‡jwQj: Avwg wbðq †Zvgvi Rb¨ gv cÖv_©bv Kie Ges Avwg †Zvgvi e¨vcv‡i Avj­vni
wbKU †Kv‡bv AwaKvi ivwL bv|Ó 523
B‡Zvc~‡e© Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Bjg I gZv welqK Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv G A‡_© K‡qKwU AvqvZ †`L‡Z
†c‡qwQ|
4. 4. 7. mKj bex-ivm~‡ji `vIÔAvZ GK
bex ivm~j‡`i wel‡q KziAvb Kvix‡gi weei‡Yi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, Zuv‡`i mK‡ji `vÕIqvZ Gi welq g~jZ:
GK wQj| Zuviv mevB gvbyl‡`i‡K ZvInx` ev GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡Z Avnevb K‡i‡Qb Ges Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv
Bev`Z Ki‡Z wb‡la Ki‡Qb| gvbyl‡`i‡K `ywbqvi Rxe‡b Avj­vni wkLv‡bv c‡_ Pj‡Z Ges mKj gvby‡li Rb¨ Kj¨vYgq
mvgvwRK Rxe‡b evm Ki‡Z c_ wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| †h Kg© ev AvPiY gvby‡li AKj¨vY K‡i ev gvby‡li Kv‡Q Zvi gnvb mªóvi
m¤ú‡K© wZ K‡i Zv †_‡K Zviv gvbyl‡`i ‡K wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i g~j `vIqvZ I ag© wQj GK I Awfbœ Bmjvg, Z‡e Zv‡`i
we¯—vwiZ kixqvZ ev weavbvejx wQj hyM I mgvR Abyhvqx wfbœ wfbœ| gvbyl‡`i‡K Kj¨v‡Yi c‡_ Avnevb Kiv, c‡_i wb‡`©k
‡`IqvB wQj Zv‡`i `vwqZ¡| Zv‡`i Avnev‡b mvov ‡`Iqv ev bv ‡`Iqv wQj gvby‡li GLwZqvi| 524
4. 4. 8. BmgvZzj Avw¤^qv
BmgvZ ( ﺔﻤـﺼﻌﻟﺍ) kãwU ÔAvmvgvÕ ( �ﻡـ�ﺼ�ﻋ) wµqvg~j †_‡K M„nxZ, hvi A_© wb‡la Kiv, msib Kiv ev †ndvhZ Kiv (to
hold back, restrain, curb, check, prevent, guard, safeguard, protect)| Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻤ�ﺼ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﺘﹶﻟﺎ�ﺴﹺﺭ ﹶﺕﹾﻐﱠﻠ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ ْل�ﻌﹾﻔﹶﺘ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹾﻎﱢﻠ�ﺒ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
ÔÔ†n ivm~j, Avcbvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki c †_‡K Avcbvi Dci hv AeZxY© Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv Avcwb cÖPvi Ki“b| hw` Avcwb
Zv bv K‡ib Zvn‡j Avcwb Avj­vni evZ©v cÖPvi Ki‡jb bv| Avj­vn Avcbv‡K gvbyl‡`i †_‡K iv Ki‡eb| 525
BmgvZzj Avw¤^qv ej‡Z bexM‡Yi Aåvš—Zv ev wb®úcZ¡ (sinlessness, infallibility) eySv‡bv nq| bexMY‡K Avj­vn
msiY K‡ib ev †ndvhZ K‡ib, d‡j Zuviv weåvwš— ev cv‡ci g‡a¨ wbcwZZ nb bv| KziAvb I nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z
cvwi †h, mKj bex-ivm~jB Avj­vni g‡bvbxZ wb®‹jyl wb®úvc wcÖq ev›`v wQ‡jb| KziAvb Kvix‡g gnvb Avj­vn evisevi †NvlYv
K‡i‡Qb †h, bexMY we‡klfv‡e Avj­vni ingZ, †n`vqvZ I g‡bvbqb cÖvß| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪﹶﺘﹶﻟﺎﺴﹺﺭ ٌل�ﻌﺠ�ﻴ ﹸﺙﻴ�ﺤ �ﻡﹶﻠﻋَﺃ �ﻪﹶﻠﻟﺍ
ÒAvj­vn DËg Rv‡bb †Kv_vq Zuvi wimvjv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ Ac©b Ki‡eb|Ó 526
G †_‡K eySv hvq †h, we‡kl g‡bvbxZ I wb®‹jyl wb®úvc e¨w³ Qvov KvD‡K Avj­vn G `vwqZ¡ cÖ`vb K‡ib bv| Ab¨Î
Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻤ�ﻭ َلﻴِﺌﺍ�ﺭ�ﺴِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻡﻴ�ﻫﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒِﺇ �ﺔ�ﻴ�ﺭﹸﺫ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹴﺡﻭﹸﻨ �ﻊ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﻤ�ﺤ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﺩَﺁ �ﺔ�ﻴ�ﺭﹸﺫ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﻴﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ �ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻌﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺃ
ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒﹶﺘ�ﺠﺍ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺩ�ﻫ
ÒGiv bexM‡Yi Aš—f©y³, hv‡`i‡K Avj­vn AbyMÖn cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb, Zviv Av`‡gi I hv‡`i‡K Avwg b~‡ni mv‡_ †bŠKvq
Av‡ivnY Kwi‡qwQjvg Zv‡`i es‡kv¢yZ, Beivnxg I BmivC‡ji es‡kv¢yZ I hv‡`i‡K Avwg c_-wb‡`©k K‡iwQjvg I g‡bvbxZ
K‡iwQjg|Ó 527
Avj­vn evisevi bexMY‡K cweÎ, GKwbô, mr BZ¨vw` we‡kl‡Y fywlZ K‡i‡Qb| 528 m‡e©vcwi gnvb Avj­vn gvbe RvwZ‡K bexivm~j‡`i
ÔBwËevÕ ev AbymiY Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| G wb‡`©kI cÖgvY K‡i †h, Zuviv Ôwb®úvcÕ wQ‡jb| KviY hvi †_‡K cvc
msNwUZ nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K Zv‡K wbtkZ© ÔBwËevÕ Kivi wb‡`©k Avj­vn w`‡eb bv|
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi G mKj wb‡`k©bvi Av‡jv‡K gymwjg D¤§vni wek¦vm GB †h, bexMY mK‡jB Avj­vni we‡kl
Ki“YvcÖvß I wcÖq ev›`v wQ‡jb| Zviv mevB cweÎ I wb®‹jyl Pwi‡Îi AwaKvix wQ‡jb| Zviv mevB wb®úvc wQ‡jb mKj cÖKvi
cvc ev Ab¨vq †_‡K gy³ wQ‡jb| gvbexq fzjÎywU Qvov †Kv‡bv cv‡c Zviv KLbI wjß nbwb|
BmgvZzj Avw¤^qv wel‡q Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) e‡jb:

ﻩﺩـﺒﻋﻭ ،ﻪـﺒﺒﻨ
� ﺩـﻤﺤﻤﻭ . ﺕﺎـﺌﻴﻁﺨﻭ ﺕﻻﺯ ﻡﻬﻨﻤ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﺢﺌﺎﺒﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﻔﻜﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﺌﺎﺒﻜﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﺌﺎﻐﺼﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻥﻭ�ﻫ�ﺯﹶﻨ�ﻤ ﻡﻬﻠﻜ ﺀﺎﻴﺒﻨﻷﺍ
. ﻁﻗ ﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﻻﻭ ﺓﺭﻴﻐﺼ ﺏﻜﺘﺭﻴ ﻡﻟﻭ ،ﻁﻗ
ﻥﻴﻋ ﺔﻓﺭﻁ ﻲﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﷲﺎﺒ ﻙﺭﺸﻴ ﻡﻟﻭ ﻡﻨﺼﻟﺍ ﺩﺒﻌﻴ ﻡﻟﻭ ،ﻪﻴﻘﻨﻭ
ﻪﻴﻔﺼﻭ ،ﻪﻟﻭﺴﺭﻭ
ÒbexMY mK‡jB mMxiv †Mvbvn, Kexiv †Mvbvn, Kzd&i I Akvjxb Kg© †_‡K cweÎ I wegy³ wQ‡jb| Z‡e KL‡bv KL‡bv mvgvb¨
c`öjb I fyjΓwU Zv‡`i N‡U‡Q| Ges gynv¤§v` (�) Avj­vni bex, Zuvi ev›`v, Zuvi ivm~j, Zuvi g‡bvwbZ wbe©vwPZ, Zuvi
evQvBK…Z| wZwb KL‡bv gywZ©i Bev`Z K‡ib wb Ges KL‡bvB GK cj‡Ki Rb¨I Avj­vni mv‡_ wkiK K‡ib wb| wZwb KL‡bvB
†Kv‡bv mMxiv ev Kexiv †Kv‡bv cÖKv‡ii cv‡c wjß nb wb|Ó 529
ÔAvj-AvKvB` Avb-bvmvwdq¨vnÕ-Gi †jLK Avj­vgv Dgi Beby gynv¤§v` Avb-bvmvdx (537wn.) bexM‡Yi (Av)-Gi wel‡q
e‡jb:
ﻕﻠﺨﻠﻟ ﻥﻴﺤﺼﺎﻨ ﻥﻴﻗﺩﺎﺼ ﻰﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﷲﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻥﻴﻐﻠﺒﻤ ﻥﻴﺭﺒﺨﻤ ﺍﻭﻨﺎﻜ ﻡﻬﻠﻜ
ÒZuviv mK‡jB gnvb Avj­vni c †_‡K msev` cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb Ges cÖPvi K‡i‡Qb, mZ¨ev`x wQ‡jb, m„wói Dc‡`k`vZv I
Kj¨vYKvgx wQ‡jb|Ó 530
G K_vi e¨vL¨v cÖm‡½ Avj­vgv mvÕ` DÏxb ZvdZvhvbx (791wn), kviûj AvKvB` Avb bvmvwdq¨vn MÖ‡š’ e‡jb:
ﺎﻤﺃ . ﺔﻤﻷﺍ ﺩﺎﺸﺭﺇﻭ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﻷﺍ ﻎﻴﻠﺒﺘﻭ ﻊﺌﺍﺭﺸﻟﺍ ﺭﻤﺄﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺎﺼﻭﺼﺨ ﺏﺫﻜﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻥﻭﻤﻭﺼﻌﻤ ﺀﺎﻴﺒﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﺇ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ
ﻲﺤﻭﻟﺍ لﺒﻗ ﺭﻔﻜﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻥﻭﻤﻭﺼﻌﻤ ﻡﻬﻨﺃ ﻭﻫﻭ . لﻴﺼﻔﺘ ﺏﻭﻨﺫﻟﺍ ﺭﺌﺎﺴ ﻥﻋ ﻡﻬﺘﻤﺼﻋ ﻲﻓﻭ . ﻥﻴﺭﺜﻜﻷﺍ ﺩﻨﻌﻓ ﹰﺍﻭﻬﺴ ﺎﻤﺃﻭ . ﻉﺎﻤﺠﻹﺎﺒﻓ ﹰﺍﺩﻤﻋ
ﹰﺍﺩﻤﻋ ﺯﻭﺠﻴﻓ ﺭﺌﺎﻐﺼﻟﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ . ﻥﻭﺭﺜﻜﻷﺍ ﻩﺯ�ﻭﺠﻓ ﹰﺍﻭﻬﺴ ﺎﻤﺃﻭ ... ﺔﻴﻭﺸﺤﻠﻟ ﹰﺎﻓﻼﺨ ،ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻟﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺭﺌﺎﺒﻜﻟﺍ ﺩﻤﻌﺘ ﻥﻋ ﺍﺫﻜﻭ . ﻉﺎﻤﺠﻹﺎﺒ
ﻩﺩﻌﺒﻭ
ﻥﻭﻘﻘﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻜﻟ . ﺔﺒﺤﺒ ﻑﻴﻔﻁﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻤﻘﻟ ﺔﻗﺭﺴﻜ ،ﺔﺴﺨﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺩﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻻﺇ ،ﻕﺎﻔﺘﻻﺎﺒ ﹰﺍﻭﻬﺴ ﺯﻭﺠﻴﻭ ،ﻪﻋﺎﺒﺘﺃﻭ ﻲﺌﺎﺒﺠﻠﻟ ﺎﻓﻼﺨ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻟﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ
ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻟﺯﺘﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺒﻫﺫﻭ . ﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﺼ ﻉﺎﻨﺘﻤﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻴﻟﺩ ﻼﻓ ﻪﻠﺒﻗ ﺎﻤﺃﻭ ،ﻲﺤﻭﻟﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻪﻠﻜ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ . ﻪﻨﻋ ﺍﻭﻬﺘﻨﻴﻓ
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺍﻭﻬﺒﻨﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺍﻭﻁﺭﺘﺸﺍ
،ﺭﻭﺠﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻬﻤﻷﺍ ﺭﻬﻌﻜ ،ﺓﺭﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺏﺠﻭﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻨﻤ ﻕﺤﻟﺍﻭ . ﺔﺜﻌﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻤ ﺕﻭﻔﺘﻓ ﻡﻬﻋﺎﺒﺘﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻌﻨﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺏﺠﻭﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﻷ ﺎﻬﻋﺎﻨﺘﻤﺍ
ﺍﺫﺇﻭ . ﺔﻴﻘﺘ ﺭﻔﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻬﻅﺇ ﺍﻭﺯﻭﺠ ﻡﻬﻨﻜﻟ ،ﻩﺩﻌﺒﻭ ﻲﺤﻭﻟﺍ لﺒﻗ ﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﻴﻐﺼﻟﺍ
ﺭﻭﺩﺼ ﺔﻌﻴﺸﻟﺍ ﺕﻌﻨﻤﻭ . ﺔﺴﺨﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻟﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﺭﺌﺎﻐﺼﻟﺍﻭ
ﻕﻴﺭﻁﺒ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻭ ،ﺩﻭﺩﺭﻤﻓ ﺩﺎﺤﻵﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﹰﻻﻭﻘﻨﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻓ ﺔﻴﺼﻌﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺏﺫﻜﺒ ﺭﻌﺸﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ﻡﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻴﺒﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﻋ لﻘﻨ ﺎﻤﻓ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﺭﻘﺘ
. ﺔﺜﻌﺒﻟﺍ
لﺒﻗ ﻪﻨﻭﻜ ﻭﺃ ،ﻰﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﻙﺭﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻭﻤﺤﻤﻓ ﻻﺇﻭ ،ﻥﻜﻤﺃ ﻥﺇ ﻩﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﻥﻋ ﻑﻭﺭﺼﻤﻓ ﺭﺘﺍﻭﺘﻟﺍ
ÒG‡Z Bkviv Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, bexMY we‡klfv‡e kixq‡Zi wel‡q, `x‡bi AvnKvg cÖPv‡ii wel‡q I D¤§vZ‡K wb‡`©kbv
cÖ`v‡bi wel‡q gvÕm~g ev wbf©yj I msiwZ| G‡‡Î Zuviv B”QvK…Z †Kv‡bv fyj K‡ib bv †m wel‡q mK‡jB GKgZ Ges
AwaKvs‡ki g‡Z G‡‡Î Zuviv Awb”QvK…Z ev †e‡Lqv‡jI †Kv‡bv fyj Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| Ab¨vb¨ mKj cvc †_‡K Zv‡`i
gvÕm~g ev wb®úvc nIqvi wel‡q we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv i‡q‡Q| we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv wbgœiƒc: gymwjg D¤§vni BRgv ev HKgZ¨
GB †h, bexMY Inx ev byeyIqvZ jv‡fi c~‡e© I c‡i Kzd&ix †_‡K msiwZ ev gvÕm~g| Abyiƒcfv‡e AwaKvs‡ki g‡Z Zuviv
B”QvK…Zfv‡e Kexiv †Mvbv‡n wjß nIqv †_‡KI gvÕm~g| nvkvweqv m¤cÖ`vq G wel‡q gZ‡f` K‡i‡Q (Zviv bexMY KZ…©K
B”QvK…Zfv‡e Kexiv †Mvbv‡n wjß nIqv m¤¢e e‡j‡Q|) .... Avi B”QvK…Z mMxiv †Mvbv‡n wjß nIqvi wel‡q AwaKvs‡ki gZ
GB †h, Zv m¤¢e| Z‡e gyZwhjx †bZv Avj-RyevC 531 I Zuvi Abymvixiv G wel‡q gZ‡f` K‡i‡Q (Zv‡`i g‡Z bexM‡Yi Rb¨
B”QvK…Zfv‡e mMxiv †Mvbv‡n wjß nIqv m¤¢e bq)| Avi bexM‡Yi Rb¨ Awb”QvK…Z ev fyjµ‡g mMxiv †Mvbv‡n wjß nIqv
mK‡ji g‡ZB m¤¢e, Z‡e †h mKj mMxiv †Mvbvn bxPZv cÖgvb K‡i Zv Zuv‡`i Øviv m¤¢e bq, †hgb GK †jvKgv Lv`¨ Pzwi
Kiv, GKwU `vbv Ih‡b Kg †`Iqv, BZ¨vw`| G‡‡Î (mMxiv †Mvbv‡ni †‡Î) gynvw°K AvwjgMY kZ© K‡i‡Qb †h, bexMY‡K
G wel‡q `„wó AvKl©Y Ki‡j Zuviv Zv eR©b K‡ib| G meB Inx ev byeyIqvZ cÖvwßi c‡ii welq (Zuviv Kexiv ev mMxiv
B”QvK…Z ev Awb”QvK…Zfv‡e Ki‡Z cv‡ib ev cv‡ib bv welqK Dc‡ii gZ‡f` meB bexM‡Yi byeyIqvZ cÖvwßi c‡ii ch©v‡qi
†‡Î|)
byeyIqvZ cÖwßi c~‡e© bexMY †_‡K Kexiv †Mvbvn cÖKvk cvIqv Am¤¢e e‡j †Kv‡bv `jxj †bB| gyÕZvwhjvMY gZcÖKvk
K‡i‡Qb †h, byeyIqvZ cÖvwßi c~‡e©I bexMY KZ…©K Kexiv †Mvbvn msNwUZ n‡Z cv‡i bv; KviY Gi d‡j RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ Zuvi
cÖwZ Afw³ m„wó nq, hv Zuvi Abymi‡Yi †‡Î evav n‡q `uvovq, d‡j bex †cÖi‡Yi g~j D‡Ïk¨ e¨vnZ nq| mZ¨ K_v GB †h,
†h Kg© Zuv‡`i cÖwZ Afw³ m„wó K‡i Zv Zuviv Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv, †hgb, gvZ…M‡Yi mv‡_ AbvPvi, Ak­xjZv I bxPZv ÁvcK
mMxiv †Mvbvn| kxqvMY g‡b K‡ib †h, bexMY †_‡K byeyIqv‡Zi c~‡e© I c‡i KL‡bvB †Kv‡bv mMxiv ev Kexiv †Mvbvn
cÖKvwkZ ev msNwUZ n‡Z cv‡i bv| Z‡e Zuviv ZvwKq¨vn ev AvZ¥ivg~jKfv‡e Kzd&i cÖKvk Kiv m¤¢e e‡j gZcÖKvk
K‡i‡Q|
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbvi wfwˇZ Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, bexM‡Yi (Av) wel‡q hw` Ggb wKQz ewY©Z nq hv †_‡K eySv hvq
†h, Zuviv †KD wg_¨v e‡j‡Qb ev cvc K‡i‡Qb, Z‡e †m‡‡Î wb‡gœi g~jbxwZ AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e: hw` Giƒc welq Lvevi“j
138

Iqvwn` ch©v‡q ewY©Z nq Z‡e Zv cÖZ¨vL¨vZ| Avi G RvZxq hv wKQz gyZvIqvwZi ch©v‡q ewY©Z Zv m¤¢e n‡j e¨vL¨v mv‡c
MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e, A_ev g‡b Ki‡Z n‡e †h, Zuviv †m‡‡Î AwaKZi DËg welq cwiZ¨vM K‡i ˆea welq MÖnY K‡i‡Qb A_ev
Zv byeyIqv‡Zi c~‡e© N‡UwQj|Ó 532
†gvj­v Avjx Kvix e‡jb, Bebyj ûgvg e‡j‡Qb: Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi AwaKvsk Avwj‡gi Kv‡Q MÖnY‡hvM¨ gZ
GB †h, bexMY Kexiv †Mvbvn †_‡K msiwZ, fyjµ‡g ev Awb”QK…Zfv‡e GKK mMxiv †Mvbvn K‡i †djv †_‡K msiwZ bb|
Avnjym mybœv‡Zi †KD †KD bex‡`i †‡Î fyj KivI Am¤¢e e‡j D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| mwVKZi ev mnxn K_v GB †h, K‡g©i g‡a¨ fyj
nIqv m¤¢e| mvi K_v GB †h, Avnjym mybœv‡Zi mK‡jB GKgZ †h, bexMY B”QvK…Zfv‡e †Kv‡bv wbwl× Kg© Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| Z‡e
AmZK©Zv ev fy‡ji Kvi‡Y hv N‡U Zv c`öjb e‡j AwfwnZ| 533
4. 4. 9. gywRhv, KvivgvZ I BmwZ`ivR
4. 4. 9. 1. AvqvZ I gywRhv
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© wØZxq Aa¨v‡q AviKvbyj Cgvb Av‡jvPbvKv‡j †`‡LwQ †h, mKj bex-ivm~j AvqvZ ev gywRhv cÖvß
wQ‡jb| gywRhv ( ﺓﺯـﺠﻌﻤﻟﺍ) kãwU Aviex ÔBRvhÕ ( ﺯﺎـﺠﻋﺇ) kã †_‡K M„nxZ, hvi A_© ÔAg KivÕ| gywRhv A_© ÔAgKvix
A‡jŠwKK wb`k©bÓ| bexMY Zuv‡`i byeyIqv‡Zi `vwe cÖgvY Ki‡Z †h mKj A‡jŠwKK Kg© ev wb`k©b cÖ`k©b K‡ib †m¸wj‡K
gywRhv ejv nq| 534
gywRhv kãwU KziAvb-nv`x‡m e¨eüZ nq wb| KziAvb I nv`x‡m gywRhv eySv‡Z ÔAvqvZÕ ( ﺔـﻴﻵﺍ) A_©vr ÔwPýÕ ejv n‡q‡Q|
cieZ©x hy‡M AvwjgMY ÔgywRhvÕ cwifvlvwU e¨envi K‡ib| hZUzKz eySv hvq G cwifvlvwUi e¨envi 2q wnRix kZ‡KI cwiwPwZ jvf
K‡i wb| KviY ÔgywRhvÕ eySv‡Z Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv ÔAvqvZÕ kãwUB e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| wZwb e‡jb:
ﻥﻭـﻋﺭﻓﻭ ﺱﻴﻠﺒﺇ لﺜﻤ ﻪﺌﺍﺩﻋﻷ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﻤﺃﻭ . ﻕﺤ ﺀﺎﻴﻟﻭﻸﻟ ﺕﺎﻤﺍﺭﻜﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻡﻼﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﻼﺼﻟﺍ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻴﺒﻨﻸﻟ ﺔﺘﺒﺎﺜ ﺕﺎﻴﻵﺍﻭ
ﷲﺍ ﻥﻷ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ ،ﻡﻬﻟ ﺕﺎﺠﺎﺤ ﺀﺎﻀﻗ ﺎﻬﻴﻤﺴﻨ ﻥﻜﻟﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻤﺍﺭﻜ ﻻﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺁ ﺎﻬﻴﻤﺴﻨ ﻻ ﻡﻬﻟ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﻭ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻪﻨﺃ ﺭﺎﺒﺨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ �ﻱﹺﻭ
�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ
لﺎﺠﺩﻟﺍﻭ
. ﻥﻜﻤﻤﻭ ﺯﺌﺎﺠ ﻪﻠﻜ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ ،ﹰﺍﺭﻔﻜﻭ ﺎﻨﺎﻴﻐﻁ ﻥﻭﺩﺍﺩﺯﻴﻭ ﻪﺒ ﻥﻭﺭﺘﻐﻴﻓ ﻡﻬﻟ ﺔﺒﻭﻘﻋﻭ ﻡﻬﻟ ﺎﺠﺍﺭﺩﺘﺴﺍ ﻪﺌﺍﺩﻋﺃ
ﺕﺎﺠﺎﺤ ﻲﻀﻘﻴ ﻰﻟﺎﻌﺘ
ÒbexM‡Yi Rb¨ ÔAvqvZÕ cÖgvwYZ| Ges IjxM‡Yi KvivgZ mZ¨| Avi Bejxm, wdivDb, `v¾vj I Zv‡`i gZ Avj­vni
`ykgb‡`i Øviv †h mKj A‡jŠwKK Kg© mvwaZ nq, †h mKj A‡jŠwKK K‡g©i wel‡q KziAvb-nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, Zv‡`i Øviv
Zv msNwUZ n‡qwQj ev n‡e, †m¸wj‡K Avgiv AvqvZ ev KvivgZ ewj bv, eis G¸wj‡K Avgiv Zv‡`i ÔKvhv‡q nvRvZÕ ev cÖ‡qvRb
†gUv‡bv ewj| KviY Avj­vn Zuvi `ykgb‡`i cÖ‡qvRb wgwU‡q †`b ÔBmwZ`ivRÕ wn‡m‡e Zv‡`i‡K µgvš^‡q †U‡b wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨
Ges Zv‡`i kvw¯— wn‡m‡e| G‡Z Zviv †auvKMÖ¯— nq Ges Av‡iv †ewk Aeva¨Zv I Awek¦v‡m wbcwZZ nq| G¸wj meB m¤¢e|Ó 535
gywgbMb wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Avj­vni bex-ivm~jMY Avj­vni Inx I gywRRv jvf K‡i‡Qb| Avj­vni B”Qvq I wb‡`©‡k
Zuviv A‡bK gywRRv ev A‡jŠwKK Kvh© cÖ`k©b K‡i‡Qb I Awek¦vmx‡`i‡K wek¦v‡mi c‡_ Avnevb Kivi Rb¨| G wel‡q wKQz
AvqvZ Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© D‡j­L K‡iwQ| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Awek¦vwmMY me©`v bex-ivm~j‡`i‡K ÔAvgv‡`i gZB gvbyl, Kv‡RB
†Zvgiv bex n‡Z cvi bvÕ, Avi hw` bex n‡qB _vK Z‡e ÔAvqvZÕ ev ÔmyjZvbÕ A_©vr gZvi cÖgvY †ck Ki| bexMY Zv‡`i
G K_vi Dˇi Zv‡`i gvbeZ¡ Ges Avj­vni B”Qvq AvqvZ cÖ`k©‡bi K_v Rvwb‡q‡Qb| Avgiv †`‡LwQ G wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn
e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻥِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﻠـ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﹾﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻗ . ﹴﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ ﹴﻥﺎﹶﻁﹾﻠ�ﺴﹺﺒ ﺎﹶﻨﻭﹸﺘْﺄﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨُﺅﺎ�ﺒَﺁ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨﻭ�ﺩ�ﺼﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩﻴﹺﺭﹸﺘ ﺎﹶﻨﹸﻠﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ ﻻِﺇ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰـﹶﻠ�ﻋ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﹾﺫِﺈﹺﺒ ﻻِﺇ ﹴﻥﺎﹶﻁﹾﻠ�ﺴﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴ�ﺘْﺄﹶﻨ �ﻥَﺃ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﻠﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥ�ﺤﹶﻨ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ِلﱠﻜ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﻴﹾﻠﹶﻓ
ÒZviv (KvwdiMY) ejZ: Ô†Zvgiv (bexMY) †Zv Avgv‡`iB gZ gvbyl| Avgv‡`i wcZ…cyi“lMY hv‡`i Bev`Z KiZ †Zvgiv
Zv‡`i Bev`Z †_‡K Avgv‡`i‡K weiZ ivL‡Z PvI| AZGe †Zvgiv Avgv‡`i wbKU †Kv‡bv AKvU¨ cÖgvY (A‡jŠwKK wPý ev
gywRhv) Dcw¯’Z Ki| Zv‡`i ivm~jMY Zv‡`i‡K ej‡Zb: mZ¨ e‡U Avgiv †Zvgv‡`i gZ gvbyl ˆe wKQzB bB, wKš‘ Avj­vn Zuvi
ev›`v‡`i ga¨ †_‡K hv‡K B”Qv AbyMÖn K‡ib| Avj­vni AbygwZ e¨ZxZ †Zvgv‡`i wbKU cÖgvY (gywRhv) Dcw¯’Z Kiv Avgv‡`i KvR
bq| gywgbM‡Yi Avj­vniB Dci wbf©i Kiv DwPZ|Ó 536
Avgiv †`‡LwQ Ab¨ Avqv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q:
139
ﱢلـﹸﻜِﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﹾﺫِﺈﹺﺒ ﻻِﺇ �ﺔ�ﻴَﺂﹺﺒ �ﻲ�ﺘْﺄ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ٍلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭِﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹰﺔ�ﻴ�ﺭﹸﺫ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﺠﺍ�ﻭ�ﺯَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻼ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ�ﻭ
�ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ
ٍل�ﺠَﺃ

Ò†Zvgvi c~‡e© ivm~jMY †cÖiY K‡iwQjvg Ges Zv‡`i ¯¿x I mš—vb-mš—wZ w`‡qwQjvg| Avj­vni AbygwZ e¨ZxZ †Kv‡bv wb`k©b
(gywRhv) Dcw¯’Z Kiv †Kv‡bv ivm~‡ji KvR bq| cÖ‡Z¨K wel‡q wba©vwiZ Kvj wjwce×|Ó 537
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q:
�ﺔـ�ﻴَﺂﹺﺒ �ﻲ�ﺘْﺄ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ٍلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭِﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺹ�ﺼﹾﻘﹶﻨ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺼ�ﺼﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻼ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻁ�ﺒ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻙِﻟﺎﹶﻨ�ﻫ �ﺭ�ﺴﹶﺨ�ﻭ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻲ�ﻀﹸﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ �ﺀﺎ�ﺠ ﺍﹶﺫِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﹾﺫِﺈﹺﺒ ﻻِﺇ
ÒAvcbvi c~‡e© ivm~jMY‡K †cÖiY K‡iwQ, hv‡`i g‡a¨ Kv‡iv K_v Avcbvi Kv‡Q wee„Z K‡iwQ, Avi Kv‡iv Kv‡iv K_v
Avcbvi Kv‡Q wee„Z Kwiwb| Avj­vni AbygwZ Qvov †Kv‡bv ivm~jB †Kv‡bv wb`k©b (gyÕwRhv) Avb‡Z cv‡ib bv| Avi hLb
Avj­vni wb‡`©k G‡m hvq ZLb b¨vq m½Zfv‡e dqmvjv Kiv nq Ges ZLb wg_¨vkªqxiv wZMÖ¯’ nq|Ó 538
G wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn Ab¨Î e‡jb:
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﹸﺕﺎ�ﻴَﻵﺍ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ ْلﹸﻗ ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ �ﻥﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﹲﺔ�ﻴَﺁ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﺘ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ �ﻥِﺌ ﹶﻟ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻨﺎ�ﻤ�ﻴَﺃ �ﺩ�ﻬ�ﺠ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﻤ�ﺴﹾﻗَﺃ�ﻭ
ÔÔZviv AZ¨š— `„pfv‡e kc_ K‡i e‡j †h, hw` Zv‡`i‡K A‡jŠwKK wb`k©b †`Lvb nq Zvn‡j Zviv Bgvb MÖnY Ki‡e|
Avcwb ejyb: A‡jŠwKK wb`k©bvejx †Zv GKvš—B Avj­vni Kv‡Q|ÕÕ 539
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
140
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭﹶﺜﹾﻜَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﹰﺔ�ﻴَﺁ َل�ﺯﹶﻨ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺭ�ﺩﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹲﺔ�ﻴَﺁ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ َل�ﺯﹸﻨ ﻻ�ﻭﹶﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ
ÒZviv e‡j, ÔZvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU †_‡K Zvi wbKU †Kv‡bv wb`k©b AeZxY© nq bv †Kb?Õ ej, Ôwb`k©b bvwhj Ki‡Z
Avj­vn mgÕ, wKš‘ Zv‡`i AwaKvskB Rv‡b bv|Ó 540
Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb
�ﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ �ﺭﻴ�ﺫﹶﻨ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﹸﺕﺎ�ﻴَﻵﺍ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹲﺕﺎ�ﻴَﺁ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﻻ�ﻭﹶﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ
ÔÔGes Zviv e‡j: Zvi Kv‡Q Zvi cÖfzi c †_‡K A‡jŠwKK wb`k©bmg~n †cÖiY Kiv †nvK| Avcwb ejyb: A‡jŠwKK
wb`k©bvejx †Zv GKgvÎ Avj­vniB Kv‡Q Ges Avwg †Zv ïay GKRb my¯úó mZK©Kvix|ÕÕ 541
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻅﹶﺘﹾﻨ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜ �ﻌ�ﻤ
ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ ﺍﻭ�ﺭ�ﻅﹶﺘﹾﻨﺎﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ ْلﹸﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹲﺔ�ﻴَﺁ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﻻ�ﻭﹶﻟ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﻭ
ÒZviv e‡j, ÔZvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU †_‡K Zvi wbKU †Kv‡bv wb`k©b AeZxY© nq bv †Kb?Õ ej, ÔMvBe (A`„‡k¨i
Ávb) †Zv †Kej Avj­vniB Av‡Q| myZivs †Zvgiv cÖZxv Ki, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i mv‡_ cÖZxv KiwQ|Ó 542
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﺭـ�ﻴﹶﺨ �ﻭـ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﱠﻕـ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺹـﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻪـﱠﻠِﻟ ﻻِﺇ �ﻡﹾﻜ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻥِﺇ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠﹺﺠ�ﻌﹶﺘ�ﺴﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻱ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﺒﱠﺫﹶﻜ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺔﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ ْلﹸﻗ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤِﻟﺎ ﱠﻅﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻋَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﺭ�ﻤَﻷﺍ �ﻲ�ﻀﹸﻘﹶﻟ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠﹺﺠ�ﻌﹶﺘ�ﺴﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻱ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻭﹶﻟ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻥﻴ�ﻠ�ﺼﺎﹶﻔﹾﻟﺍ
Òej, ÔAvwg Avgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki ¯úó cÖgv‡Yi Dci cÖwZwôZ; A_P †Zvgiv Zv cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡iQ, †Zvgiv hv mZ¡i Pv”Q
(gywRhv, kvw¯—) Zv Avgvi wbKU †bB| KZ…©Z¡-ûKg †Zv †KejgvÎ Avj­vniB, wZwb mZ¨ wee„Z K‡ib Ges dqmvjvKvix‡`i
g‡a¨ wZwbB †kªô|Õ ej, Ô‡Zvgiv hv mZ¡i Pv”Q (gywRhv-kvw¯—) Zv hw` Avgvi wbKU _vKZ Z‡e Avgvi I †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨Kvi
e¨vcv‡i †Zv dqmvjvB n‡q †hZ, Ges Avj­vn Rvwjg‡`i m¤^‡Ü mwe‡kl AewnZ|Ó 543
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹶﺕـﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎـ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻙﹶﻠ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻌ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎ�ﺠ �ﻭَﺃ �ﺯﹾﻨﹶﻜ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﻻ�ﻭﹶﻟ
ﺍﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻙ�ﺭ�ﺩ�ﺼ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﹲﻕِﺌﺎ�ﻀ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ﻰ�ﺤﻭ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻙﹺﺭﺎﹶﺘ �ﻙﱠﻠ�ﻌﹶﻠﹶﻓ
ٌلﻴ�ﻜ�ﻭ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﱢلﹸﻜ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺭﻴ�ﺫﹶﻨ
Z‡e wK Zzwg †Zvgi cÖwZ hv AeZxY© n‡q‡Q Zvi wKQz eR©b Ki‡e Ges G‡Z, †Zvgvi gb msKzwPZ n‡e, GRb¨ †h, Zviv
e‡j, ÔZvi wbKU ab-fvÊvi AeZxY© nq bv †Kb? A_ev Zvi mv‡_ wdwikZv Av‡m bv †Kb?Õ Zzwg †Zv †Kej mZK©Kvix gvÎ Ges

Avj­vn me© wel‡qi Kg©weavqK|Ó 544
G mKj AvqvZ I Ab¨vb¨ AvqvZ evisevi D‡j­L K‡i‡Q †h, bex-ivm~jMY Avj­vni B”Qv gywRhv cÖ`k©b K‡i‡Qb|
KziAvb Kvix‡g bexM‡Yi A‡bK gywRhvi K_v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| b~n (Av)-Gi †bŠKvi gywRhv, Beivnxg (Av)-Gi AwMœKz‡Ê
wbivc` _vKvi gywRhv, g~mv (Av)-Gi jvwV I Ab¨vb¨ gywRhv, Cmv (Av)-Gi g„Z‡K RxweZ Kiv I Ab¨vb¨ gywRhv, gynv¤§v`
(�)-Gi P›`ª wØLwÊZ Kiv, Bmiv, wgivR I Ab¨vb¨ gywRhv KziAv‡b D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| G Qvov wewfbœ nv`x‡m G wel‡q
A‡bK wKQz ejv n‡q‡Q| G¸wj wek¦vm Kiv gywg‡bi Cgvbx `vwqZ¡|
4. 4. 9. 2. KvivgvZzj AvIwjqv
bexM‡Yi gywRhv ev AvqvZ e¨vL¨vi cÖm‡½ BgvgMY Av‡iv `y cÖKv‡ii ÔA‡jŠwKKÕ K‡g©i Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb: (1)
IjxM‡Yi KvivgZ I (2) Kvwdi ev cvcx‡`i BmwZ`ivR| KviY G¸wji evwn¨K cÖKvk A‡bKUv GK iKg n‡jI Bmjv‡gi
`„wó‡Z G¸wji g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ A‡bK| †hb †Kv‡bv gywgb AÁZvi Kvi‡Y †h †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK Kg©‡KB gywRhv ev KvivgZ e‡j
g‡b bv K‡i GRb¨ Zviv gywRhvi e¨vL¨vi mv‡_ KvivgvZ I BmwZ`iv‡Ri e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb|
ÔIjxÕ kãwU Aviex (ﺎﻬﺤﺘﻓﻭ ﻭﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﺭﺴﻜﺒ ﺔـ�ﻴﻻ�ﻭـﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔـ�ﻴﻻﹺﻭـﻟﺍ) wejvqvZ ev IqvjvqvZ kã †_‡K M„nxZ, hvi A_© ˆbKU¨,
eÜzyZ¡ ev AwffveKZ¡ (closeness, friendship, guardianship)| Ô†ejvqvZÕ AR©bKvix‡K ÔIjxÕ ev ÔIqvjxÕ ( ﻲﻟﻭـﻟﺍ) ejv nq|
Ijx A_© wbKUeZ©x, eÜz, mvnvh¨Kvix, AwffveK BZ¨vw`| †ejvqvZ avZz †_‡K wbM©Z ÔIjxÕ A‡_©iB Av‡iKwU mycwiwPZ kã ÔgvIjvÕ
141
( ﻰﻟﻭﻤ ﻟﺍ)|
ÔgvIjvÕ A_©I AwffveK, eÜz, m½x BZ¨vw` (master, protector, friend, companion)|
Bmjvgx cwifvlvq Ô‡ejvqvZÕ ÔIjxÕ I ÔgvIjvÕ k‡ãi wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii e¨envi i‡q‡Q| DËivwaKvi AvB‡bi cwifvlvq I
ivR‰bwZK cwifvlvq G mKj kã we‡kl A‡_© e¨eüZ| Z‡e †ejvqvZ ev Ijx kãØq me©vwaK e¨eüZ (ﷲﺍ ﺔﻴﻻﻭ) ÔAvj­vni eÜzZ¡Õ
I (ﷲﺍ ﻲﻟﻭ) ÔAvj­vni eÜzÕ A‡_©| Avj­vni eÜz‡`i cwiPq w`‡q gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﺯ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹲﻑ�ﻭﹶﺨ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ ﻻَﺃ
Ò†R‡b ivL! wbðq Avj­vni IjxM‡Yi †Kv‡bv fq †bB Ges Zuiv wPš—vMÖ¯—I n‡e bv- hviv Cgvb G‡b‡Q Ges hviv
Avj­vni Amš‘wó †_‡K AvZ¥iv K‡i P‡j ev ZvKIqv Aej¤^b K‡i|Ó 545
Cgvb A_© ZvInx` I wimvjv‡Zi cÖwZ weï×, wkiK I Kzdi gy³ wek¦vm| ÒZvKIqvÓ k‡ãi A_© AvZ¥iv Kiv| †h
Kg© ev wPš—v Ki‡j gnvb Avj­vn Amš‘ó nb †mB Kg© ev wPš—v eR©‡bi bvg ZvKIqv| g~jZ mKj nvivg, wbwl× I cvc eR©b‡K
ZvKIqv ejv nq| GLv‡b Avgiv †`LwQ †h, `ywU ¸‡Yi g‡a¨ Ijxi cwiPq mxgve×| Cgvb I ZvKIqv| GB `yÕwU ¸Y hvi
g‡a¨ hZ †ewk I hZ cwic~Y© n‡e wZwb †ejvqv‡Zi c‡_ ZZ †ewk AMÖmi I Avj­vni ZZ †ewk Ijx ev wcÖq e‡j we‡ewPZ
n‡eb| G‡_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, cÖ‡Z¨K gymwjgB Avj­vni Ijx| Bgvb I ZvKIqvi ¸Y hvi g‡a¨ hZ †ewk _vK‡e
wZwb ZZ †ewk Ijx|
Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn), Bgvg Zvnvex (ivn) I Ab¨vb¨ Avwjg D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, Cgvb I gvÕwidv‡Zi w`K †_‡K mKj
gywgbB mgvb| GRb¨ †ejvqv‡Zi Kg‡ewk nq g~jZ †bK Avg‡j| hvi †bK Avgj I mybœv‡Zi BwËev hZ †ewk wZwb ZZ †ewk
Ijx| Bgvg Zvnvex e‡jb:
ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻠﻟ ﻡﻬﻌﺒﺘﺃﻭ ﻡﻬﻋﻭﻁﺃ ﷲﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﻡﻬﻤﺭﻜﺃﻭ ،ﻥﻤﺤﺭﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻴﻟﻭﺃ ﻡﻬﻠﻜ ﻥﻭﻨﻤﺅﻤﻟﺍ
ÒmKj gywgb Ki“Yvgq Avj­vni Ijx| Zuv‡`i ga¨ †_‡K †h hZ †ewk Avj­vni AbyMZ I KziAv‡bi AbymiYKvix †m
ZZ‡ewk Avj­vni wbKU m¤§vwbZ (ZZ‡ewk †ejvqv‡Zi AwaKvix)| 546
Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) e‡jb:
ﻥﻭﺘﻭﺎﻔﺘﻴﻭ
ﻙﻟﺫ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﺠﺭﻟﺍﻭ ﻑﻭﺨﻟﺍﻭ ﺎﻀﺭﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﺒﺤﻤﻟﺍﻭ لﻜﻭﺘﻟﺍﻭ
ﻥﻴﻘﻴﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﻠﻜ ﻥﻭﻨﻤﺅﻤﻟﺍ ﻱﻭﺘﺴﻴﻭ
. ﻪﻠﻜ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ
ÒgvwidvZ (cwiPq jvf), BqvKxb (wek¦vm), ZvIqv°zj (wbf©iZv), gvnveŸvZ (fvjevmv), wihv (mš‘wó), LvId (fq), ivRv
(Avkv) Ges G mKj wel‡qi Cgvb-Gi †‡Î gywgbMY mK‡jB mgvb| Zv‡`i gh©v`vi Kg‡ewk nq g~j Cgvb ev wek¦v‡mi AwZwi³
hv wKQz Av‡Q Zvi mewKQz‡Z|Ó 547
Bgvg Zvnvex (ivn) e‡jb:
ﻰﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻤﺯﻼﻤﻭ ﻱﻭﻬﻟﺍ ﺔﻔﻟﺎﺨﻤﻭ ،ﻲﻘﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺸﺨﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﻬﻨﻴﺒ لﻀﺎﻔﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﻪﻠﺼﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻠﻫﺃﻭ ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ
ÒCgvb GKB, Ges Cgvb`viMY Gi g~‡j mevB mgvb| Z‡e, Avj­vni fq, ZvK¡Iqv, KzcÖe„wËi wei“×vPviY Ges me©`v DËg
Kg© m¤úv`‡bi Abycv‡Z Zv‡`i g‡a¨ ¯—i I gh©v`vMZ cÖ‡f` n‡q _v‡K|Ó 548
ivm~jyj­vn (�) †ejvqv‡Zi c‡_i Kg©‡K `yfv‡M fvM K‡i‡Qb: dih I bdj| mKj dih cvj‡bi mv‡_mv‡_ AbeiZ

dj Bev`Z cvj‡bi gva‡g ev›`v †ejvqvZ AR©b K‡ib| wZwb e‡jb, Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﻱ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ ُلﺍ�ﺯ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹸﺕ�ﻀ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﻓﺍ
ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ �ﻲﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺏ�ﺤَﺃ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸﹺﺒ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻲﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺏ�ﺭﹶﻘﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹺﺏ�ﺭ�ﺤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻪﹸﺘﹾﻨﹶﺫﺁ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭ ﻲِﻟ ﻯ�ﺩﺎ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ
ﺎـ�ﻬﹺﺒ ﹸﺵ�ﻁ�ﺒـ�ﻴ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻟﺍ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﺭ�ﺼ�ﺒ�ﻴ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻩ�ﺭ�ﺼ�ﺒ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻊ�ﻤ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ
�ﻪ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺴ ﹸﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻪﹸﺘ�ﺒ�ﺒ�ﺤَﺃ ﺍﹶﺫِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺤُﺃ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ ِل�ﻓﺍ�ﻭﱠﻨﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻲﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺏ�ﺭﹶﻘﹶﺘ�ﻴ
. �ﻪﱠﻨﹶﺫﻴ�ﻋُﻷ ﻲ�ﻨﹶﺫﺎ�ﻌﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ ﹺﻥِﺌﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻨ�ﻴ�ﻁ�ﻋُﻷ ﻲ�ﻨﹶﻟَﺄ�ﺴ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﺸ�ﻤ�ﻴ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻟﺍ �ﻪﹶﻠ�ﺠﹺﺭ�ﻭ
Ò†h e¨w³ Avgvi †Kv‡bv Ijxi mv‡_ kΓZv K‡i Avwg Zvi mv‡_ hy× †NvlYv Kwi| Avgvi ˆbKU¨ AR©b ev Ijx
nIqvi Rb¨ ev›`v hZ KvR K‡i Zb¥‡a¨ Avwg me‡P‡q †ewk fvjevwm †h KvR Avwg dih K‡iwQ| (dih cvjb KivB Avgvi
ˆbK‡U¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ me‡P‡q wcÖq KvR)| Ges ev›`v hLb me©`v bdj Bev`Z cvj‡bi gva¨‡g Avgvi †ejvq‡Zi c‡_ AMÖmi
n‡Z _v‡K ZLb Avwg Zv‡K fvjevwm| Avi hLb Avwg Zv‡K fvjevwm ZLb Avwg Zvi kªeYh‡š¿ cwiYZ nB, hv w`‡q †m
ïb‡Z cvq, Avwg Zvi `k©‡bw›`ªq n‡q hvB, hv w`‡q †m †`L‡Z cvq, Avwg Zvi nvZ n‡q hvB, hÏ¡vi †m a‡i ev AvNvZ K‡i
Ges Avwg Zvi cv n‡q hvB, hÏ¡viv †m nuv‡U| †m hw` Avgvi Kv‡Q wKQy cÖv_©bv K‡i Zvn‡j Avwg Aek¨B Zv‡K Zv cÖ`vb
Kwi| †m hw` Avgvi Kv‡Q Avkªq Pvq Zvn‡j Avwg Aek¨B Zv‡K Avkªq cÖ`vb Kwi|Ó 549
KvivgZ ( ﺔـﻤﺍﺭﻜﻟﺍ) kãwUi A_© Ôf`ªZvÕ, Ôm¤§vbÕ, Ôm¤§vbbvÕ, Ôm¤§vb-wPýÕ (nobility, dignity, respect, mark of
honour, token of esteem)| Cgvb I ZvKIqvi AwaKvix dih I bdj Bev`Z cvjbKvix †Kv‡bv e¨w³ †_‡K hw` †Kv‡bv
A‡jŠwKK Kg© cÖKvwkZ nq Z‡e Zv‡K Bmjvgx cwifvlvq ÔKvivgvZÕ ejv nq|
KziAvb Kvix‡g Giƒc A‡jŠwKK Kg©‡KI AvqvZ ejv n‡q‡Q| c~e©eZ©x hy‡Mi GKRb ÔIjxÕ-i c`öjb m¤ú‡K© gnvb
Avj­vn e‡jb:
142
�ﻥﻴﹺﻭﺎﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜﹶﻓ �ﻥﺎﹶﻁ�ﻴﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻌ�ﺒﹾﺘَﺄﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﹶﺦﹶﻠ�ﺴﹾﻨﺎﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺘﺎ�ﻴَﺁ �ﻩﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﺘَﺁ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ َﺄ�ﺒﹶﻨ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ
ÒZv‡`i‡K †mB e¨w³i e„Ëvš— c‡o ïbvI hv‡K Avwg ÔAvqvZÕ ev A‡jŠwKK wb`©kb w`‡qwQjvg, AZtci †m Zv †_‡K
wePz¨Z nq Ges kqZvb Zvi wcQ‡b jv‡M, Avi †m wec_Mvgx‡`i Aš—f©y³ nq|Ó 550
G Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq gydvm&wmiMY c~e©eZ©x hy‡Mi wewfbœ Ijxi K_v D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb hv‡`i †ejvqv‡Zi Kvi‡Y gnvb Avj­vn
Zv‡`i‡K ÔKvivgvZÕ ev A‡jŠwKK Kg© cÖ`vb K‡iwQ‡jb, wKš‘ Avj­vni wb‡`©‡ki we‡ivwaZv Kivq c‡i wZwb wec_Mvgx n‡q hvb|
G AvqvZ †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, †ejvqvZ †Kv‡bv c`gh©v`v bq Ges KvivgZ ¯’vqx c`gh©v`vi `wjj bq|
GKRb †bKKvi gvbyl †ejvqvZ I KvivgvZ jv‡fi c‡iI weåvš— n‡Z cv‡ib| ÔKvivgZÕ cÖKvwkZ nIqv Ijx nIqvi cÖgvY
bq, eis Cgvb I ZvKIqvi Dci cÖwZwôZ _vKvB Ijx nIqvi cÖgvb| Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji AvbyMZ¨, AbymiY I ZvKIqvi
Dci wU‡K _vKv I AbeiZ dih I bdj Bev`Z cvjb Ki‡Z _vKB †ejvqvv‡Zi GKgvÎ wPý|
wØZxq-Z…Zxq wnRix kZvãx †_‡K gymwjg D¤§vni AvwjgMY bexM‡Yii A‡jŠwKK Kg©‡K ÔgywRhvÕ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ
K‡i‡Qb, KviY byeyIqv‡Zi P¨v‡jÄ wn‡m‡e Kvwdi‡`i AgZv cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ Avj­vn Zv‡`i gva¨‡g Zv cÖKvk Ki‡eb|
Abyiƒcfv‡e Zuviv Ijx‡`i A‡jŠwKK Kg©‡K ÔKvivgZÕ bv‡g AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb, †hb gvbyl eyS‡Z cv‡i †h, Giƒc A‡jŠwKK
Kg© Ijxi †Kv‡bv gZv ev kw³ bq, eis GKvš—B Avj­vni c †_‡K ÔBKivgÕ ev m¤§vbbv gvÎ| 551
Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) e‡j‡Qb: ÒIjxM‡Yi KvivgZ mZ¨|Ó G K_v A_© IjxMY †_‡K A‡jŠwKK Kg© cÖKvk cvIqv
m¤¢e| hw` †Kv‡bv evn¨Z †bKKvi gywgb gyËvKx gvbyl †_‡K †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK Kvh© cÖKvk cvq Zvn‡j Zv‡K Avj­vni c †_‡K
cÖ`Ë m¤§vbbv ev KvivgZ e‡j eyS‡Z n‡e| Abyiƒcfv‡e hw` †Kv‡bv †bKKvi eyhyM© gvbyl †_‡K †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK Kvh© cÖKvwkZ
n‡q‡Q e‡j weï× m~‡Î Rvbv hvq Z‡e Zv mZ¨ e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡Z n‡e| Zv A¯^xKvi Kiv ev Am¤¢e e‡j Dwo‡q †`Iqv gyÔZvwhjx I
Ab¨vb¨ weåvš— m¤cÖ`v‡qi AvKx`v| KziAvb Kvix‡gi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b bex QvovI Ab¨vb¨ gywgb gyËvKx gvby‡li A‡jŠwKK K‡g©i K_v
D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| wewfbœ nv`x‡m Giƒc A‡bK Kvivg‡Zi K_v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q|
G wel‡q Bgvg Zvnvex (ivn) e‡jb:
ﻥـﻤ ﺀﺎـﺠﺎﻤﺒ ﻥﻤﺅـﻨﻭ . ﺀﺎﻴﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﻥﻤ لﻀﻓﺃ ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻲﺒﻨ : لﻭﻘﻨﻭ ،ﻡﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻴﺒﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺤﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻴﻟﻭﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺩﺤﺃ لﺼﻔﻴ ﻻ
. ﻡﻬﺘﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺎﻘﺜﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺢﺼﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﻤﺍﺭﻜ
ÒAvgiv †Kv‡bv Ijx‡K †Kv‡bv bexi Dci cÖvavb¨ †`B bv| eis Avgiv ewj: GKRb bex mKj Ijx †_‡K †kªô|
Zv‡`i †h mKj KvivgZ wbf©i‡hvM¨ I wek¦¯— ivex‡`i gva¨‡g mnxn mb‡` ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Zv Avgiv wek¦vm Kwi|Ó 552
4. 4. 9. 3. BmwZ`ivR
ÔBmwZ`ivRÕ kãwU Aviex Ô`vivRÕ (ﺝ�ﺭﺩ) wµqvg~j †_‡K M„nxZ, hvi A_© Pjv, nuvUv, AMÖmi nIqv, µgvš^‡q G‡Mv‡bv
BZ¨vw`| Ô`vivRvnÕ ( ﺔـﺠﺭﺩﻟﺍ) A_© avc ev ch©vq| BmwZ`ivR ( ﺝﺍﺭﺩﺘـﺴﻻﺍ) A_© µgvš^‡q GwM‡q †bIqv, µgvš^‡q Dc‡i
†Zvjv ev wb‡P bvgvb, µgvš^‡q aŸs‡mi w`‡K GwM‡q †`Iqv BZ¨vw` (To make advance gradually, promote
ُلﹾﺘﺍ�ﻭ

gradually, to entice, tempt, lure into destruction)|
†Kv‡bv cvcx ev Awek¦vmx e¨w³ †_‡K †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK Kg© cÖKvwkZ n‡j Zv‡K Bmjv‡gi cwifvlvq ÔBmwZ`ivRÕ ejv
nq| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, BmwZ`iv‡Ri e¨L¨vq Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv e‡j‡Qb: Òeis G¸wj‡K Avgiv Zv‡`i Kvhv‡q nvRvZ ev cÖ‡qvRb
†gUv‡bv ewj| KviY Avj­vn Zuvi `ykgb‡`i cÖ‡qvRb wgwU‡q †`b Zv‡`i‡K µgvš^‡q †U‡b wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ Ges Zv‡`i kvw¯—
wn‡m‡e|Ó
†gvj­v Avjx Kvix e‡jb: ÒwdivmvZ wZb cÖKvi| (1) Cgvbx wdivmvZ| Gi KviY Avj­vni c †_‡K cÖ`Ë b~i hv Avj­vn
Zvi ev›`vi Aš—‡i wb‡c K‡ib| nVvr Abyf~wZ wn‡m‡e Zv gvby‡li Aš—‡i nvgjv K‡i, †hgb wmsn Zvi wkKv‡ii Dc‡i nvgjv
K‡i| .... (2) wiqvhZ ev Abykxj‡bi gva¨‡g AwR©Z wdivmvZ| G cÖKv‡ii wdivmvZ AwR©Z nq zav, iwÎ-RvMiY, wbR©bevm
BZ¨vw`i gva¨‡g| KviY gvby‡li bdm hLb RvMwZK m¤úK© I m„wói mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM †_‡K wegy³ nq ZLb Zvi wegyw³i gvÎv
Abymv‡i Zvi g‡a¨ Aš—w`©wó I Kvkd m„wó nq| G cÖKvi wdivmvZ Kvwdi I gywgb Df‡qiB n‡Z cv‡i| G cÖKvi Kvkd ev
wdivmvZ Cgvb ev †ejvqvZ cÖgvY K‡i bv| Gi Øviv †Kv‡bv Kj¨vY ev mwVK c_I Rvbv hvq bv|... (3) m„w÷MZ wdivmvZ| G
n‡jv wPwKrmK I Ab¨vb¨ †ckvi gvby‡li wdivmvZ hviv m„wóMZ AvK…wZ †_‡K cÖK…wZ I Avf¨š—ixb Ae¯’v Abygvb Ki‡Z
cv‡ib|Ó 553
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, mKj A‡jŠwKK Kg©B KvivgZ bq Ges †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK Kg© Kv‡iv
†ejvqv‡Zi cÖgvY bq, KviY GKB cÖKvi A‡jŠwKK Kg© gyËvKx gywgb †_‡KI cÖKvwkZ n‡Z cv‡i Ges dvwmK ev Kvwdi
†_‡KI cÖKvwkZ n‡Z cv‡i| Bmjv‡gi `„wó‡Z †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK Kg© †Kv‡bv gvby‡li †ejvqvZ †Zv `~‡ii K_v, Cgv‡biI cÖgvY
bq| eis gvby‡li Cgvb, ZvKIqv, Avj­vni I Zuvi ivm~‡ji (�) AvbyMZ¨ I m`v me©`v dih I bdj Bev`Z cvjb KivB
†ejvqv‡Zi cÖgvY| hw` Giƒc e¨w³ †_‡K †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK Kg© cÖKvwkZ nq Z‡e Zv‡K KvivgZ ejv n‡e| Avi hw` †Kv‡bv
e¨w³i Cgvb, ZvKIqv ev BwËev‡q mybœvZ bv _v‡K wKš‘ wZwb wewfbœ A‡jŠwKK Kg© m¤úv`b K‡ib Z‡e Zv‡K BmwZ`ivR ejv
n‡e|
4. 4. 10. wek¦vm I kª×vi mgZv ebvg gh©v`vi cv_©K¨
wek¦vm I fw³i w`K †_‡K mKj bexi AwaKvi mgvb| Avgv‡`i `vwqZ¡ Zv‡`i mK‡ji cÖwZ Cgvb Avbv Ges mevB‡K
m¤§vb I gh©v`v `vb Kiv, Kv‡iv cÖwZ mvgvb¨Zg Agh©v`v g~jK †Kv‡bv K_v, Kg© ev wek¦vm †_‡K `~‡i _vKv| KziAvb Kvix‡g
evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, gywgbMY bexM‡Yi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ K‡ib bv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﺩـ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻴـ�ﺒ ﹸﻕ�ﺭﹶﻔﹸﻨ ﻻ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒﹸﺘﹸﻜ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤَﺁ ﱞلﹸﻜ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤَﺁ
�ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ
Òivm~j Zvi cÖwZ Zvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki c †_‡K hv AeZxY© n‡q‡Q Zv‡Z Cgvb G‡b‡Q Ges gywgbMYI| Zv‡`i mK‡j
Avj­v‡n, Zuvi gvjvKM‡Y, Zuvi wKZvemg~‡n Ges Zuvi ivm~jM‡Y Cgvb G‡b‡Q| (Zviv e‡j): ÔAvgiv Zuvi ivm~jM‡Yi g‡a¨
†Kv‡bv ZviZg¨ Kwi bv|Õ 554
Ab¨Î Avj­vn myenvbvû Iqv ZvÕjv e‡jb:
ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒـﹺﺒ �ﺭـﹸﻔﹾﻜﹶﻨ�ﻭ ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒـﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅـﹸﻨ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻗ�ﺭﹶﻔ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩﻴﹺﺭ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹸﻔﹾﻜ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
�ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﺎﹰﻨﻴﹺﻬ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﺒﺍﹶﺫ�ﻋ �ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻠِﻟ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺩﹶﺘ�ﻋَﺃ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻘ�ﺤ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺃ ﻼﻴﹺﺒ�ﺴ
�ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩﻴﹺﺭ�ﻴ�ﻭ
ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﺤ�ﺭ ﺍ�ﺭﻭﹸﻔﹶﻏ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭﻭ�ﺠُﺃ �ﻡﹺﻬﻴ�ﺘْﺅ�ﻴ ﹶﻑ�ﻭ�ﺴ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻗ�ﺭﹶﻔ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ�ﻭ
Òhviv Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~jM‡Y Awek¦vm K‡i Ges Avj­v‡n Cgvb Ges Zuvi ivm~jM‡Y Cgv‡bi g‡a¨ ZviZg¨ Ki‡Z
Pvq, Ges e‡j: ÔAvgiv KZK‡K wek¦vm Kwi Ges KZK‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vb KwiÕ Ges Gi ga¨eZ©x †Kv‡bv c_ Aej¤^b Ki‡Z Pvq,
ZvivB cÖK…Z Kvwdi, Ges Kvwdi‡`i Rb¨ jvÃbv`vqK kvw¯— cÖ¯‘Z †i‡LwQ| Avi hviv Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~jM‡Y Cgvb Av‡b
Ges Zv‡`i G‡Ki mv‡_ Ac‡ii cv_©K¨ K‡i bv Zv‡`i‡K wZwb cyi¯‹vi w`‡eb Ges Avj­vn gvkxj cig `qvj~|Ó 555
Gfv‡e wek¦vm, fw³ I fvjevmvi †‡Î mv‡g¨i cvkvcvwk bex-ivm~jM‡Yi g‡a¨ Kv‡iv gh©v`v Kv‡iv †P‡q †ewk e‡j
Avj­vn Rvwb‡q‡Qb| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺕﺎ�ﺠ�ﺭ�ﺩ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻊﹶﻓ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡﱠﻠﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﻀﹶﻓ ُل�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻙﹾﻠ�ﺘ
ÒGB ivm~jMY, Zv‡`i g‡a¨ KZK‡K Avwg KZ‡Ki Dci †kªôZ¡ w`‡qwQ| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Ggb †KD i‡q‡Q hvi mv‡_
Avj­vn K_v e‡j‡Qb, Avevi KvD‡K D”P gh©v`vq DbœxZ K‡i‡Qb|Ó 556
Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡jb:
143

144
ﺍ�ﺭﻭ�ﺒ�ﺯ �ﺩﻭ�ﻭﺍ�ﺩ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﺘَﺁ�ﻭ ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﻴ�ﻴﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﻀﹶﻓ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ�ﻭ
ÒAvwg †Zv bexM‡Yi KZK‡K KZ‡Ki Dci gh©v`v w`‡qwQ Ges `vE`‡K Avwg hve~i w`‡qwQ|Ó 557
Gfv‡e Avgiv mKj bex‡K mgvb m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ wek¦vm Kwi| Av‡iv wek¦vm Kwi †h, Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ Kv‡iv gh©v`v Avj­vni
Kv‡Q Ab¨‡`i †P‡q †ewk| Avi me©‡kªô gh©v`vi AwaKvix me©‡kl bex gynv¤§v` (�)|
4. 5. AvwLiv‡Zi cÖwZ Cgvb
4. 5. 1. AvwLiv‡Z wek¦v‡mi ¸i“Z¡
gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﺯ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹲﻑ�ﻭﹶﺨ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﺠَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻠﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﺤِﻟﺎ�ﺼ َل�ﻤ�ﻋ�ﻭ ﹺﺭ�ﺨَﻵﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Òhviv Avj­vn I †kl w`e‡m wek¦vm K‡i I mrKvR K‡i Zv‡`i Rb¨ cyi¯‹vi i‡q‡Q Zv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU| Zv‡`i
†Kv‡bv fq †bB Ges Zviv `ytwLZI n‡e bv|Ó 558
KziAv‡b ciKv‡j wek¦vm‡K AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, mªóvq wek¦vm mKj mgv‡Ri mKj gvby‡li g‡a¨
mve©Rbxb wek¦vm, hv gvby‡li Rb¥MZ Abyf‚wZi Ask| ciKv‡ji Rxe‡b wek¦vm Qvov mªóvi cÖwZ GB wek¦vm A_©nxb n‡q hvq| GB
A_©nxb wek¦vm wQj g°vi Kvwdi‡`i g‡a¨| g°vi Kvwd‡iiv Cgv‡bi Ab¨vb¨ wKQz welq weK…Zfv‡e wek¦vm Ki‡jI Zv‡`i g‡a¨
A‡b‡KB ciKv‡j ev cieZ©x Rxe‡b wek¦vm KiZ bv Ges A‡b‡K A¯úófv‡e wKQz aviYv †cvlY KiZ| KziAvb Kvix‡g Kvwdi‡`i
G weåvwš— Ges AvwLiv‡Z wek¦v‡mi Avek¨KZv, †hŠw³KZv I ¸i“Z¡ evisevi Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Abyiƒcfv‡e Av‡Liv‡Zi wewfbœ
wel‡qi eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Zv‡`i Awek¦vm welqK hyw³-ZK© LÊb Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges †m¸wji AmviZv cÖgvY Kiv
n‡q‡Q|
KziAv‡bi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, Avj­v‡n wek¦v‡mi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask n‡jv ciKvjxb Rxe‡b wek¦vm Kiv|
KziAvb Kvix‡g Cgv‡bi wb‡`©kbv ÁvcK AvqvZ¸wj‡Z me©`v ÔAvwLivZÕ ev Ô‡kl w`e‡mÕ Cgvb Avbvi wb‡`©k †`Iqv
n‡q‡Q| 559 B‡Zvc~‡e© Avgiv G welqK K‡qKwU wb‡`©k †`‡LwQ|
e¯‘Z KziAvb Kvixg cvV Ki‡j †h †Kv‡bv cvVK eyS‡Z cv‡ib †h, `ywU welq‡K KziAvb Kvix‡g m‡e©v”P ¸i“Z¡ cÖ`vb
Kiv n‡q‡Q: (1) Avj­vni Bev`‡Zi GKZ¡ ev ZvInx`yj Bev`vZ Ges (2) AvwLiv‡Z wek¦v‡mi ¸i“Z¡| KziAvb Kvix‡gi Ggb
GKwU c„ôvI cvIqv Kó †h c„ôv‡Z AvwLiv‡Zi †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv eY©bv †bB|
Avgiv mvaviYfv‡e eyS‡Z cvwi †h, Avj­vnq wek¦vmx avwg©K gvby‡li KwVbZg c`öjb I weåvwš—i `ywU c_: (1) wki&‡K
wbcwZZ nIqv Ges (2) AvwLivZ m¤ú‡K© Am‡PZbZv| A‡bK mgq wek¦vmx gvbylI cvw_©e welqvw` wb‡q AwZ-e¨¯—Zv, Aw¯’iZv,
Am‡PZbZv ev kqZvbx cÖ‡ivPbvi Kvi‡Y AvwLivZ m¤ú‡K© Am‡PZb n‡q c‡ob ev AvwLiv‡Zi Rxeb‡K AeÁv Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| GB
fq¼iZg c`öjb †_‡K gywgb‡K iv Kivi Rb¨ m`v-me©`v AvwLiv‡Zi ¯§iY AZ¨vš— cÖ‡qvRbxq| evn¨Z ZvInx`yj Bev`vZ I
AvwLiv‡Zi wel‡q KziAv‡bi we‡kl ¸i“Z¡cÖ`v‡bi G n‡jv GKwU KviY|
4. 5. 2. AvwLivZ wel‡q mvaviY wek¦vm
ciKvj ev AvwLiv‡Z Cgv‡bi A_© n‡jv, g„Zz¨i c‡i wK NU‡e ‡m wel‡q cweÎ KziAv‡b Ges mnxn nv`x‡m hv wKQz
eY©bv Av‡Q Zv m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e wek¦vm Kiv| †hgb Ke‡ii cÖkœ, cyi¯‹vi I kvw¯—, wKqvg‡Zi AvjvgZ ev c~e©vfvmmg~n,
wKqvgZ ev c~biƒÌvb, †kl wePvi, Avgjbvgv cÖ`vb, Avj­vni gxhvb I gvby‡li Kg© Ihb Kiv, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi nvDh,
Rvnvbœv‡gi Dci wmivZ, kvdvqvZ, RvbœvZ, Rvnvbœvg, Rvbœv‡Zi wbqvgZ, Rvnvbœv‡gi kvw¯—, Avj­vni `k©b BZ¨vw`| G mKj
welq wek¦vm Kiv Cgv‡bi Ab¨Zg i“Kb|
4. 5. 3. Ke‡ii Avhve
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv AvwLivZ ev ciKvjxb Rxe‡bi wewfbœ w`K Rvb‡Z cvwi, †h¸wj Avgv‡`i wek¦v‡mi
Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask| G¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q g„Zz¨i c‡i wKqvgZ ev cybi“Ìv‡bi Av‡M ga¨eZ©x mg‡qi Ae¯’v| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُل�ﻌﹾﻔ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﻤِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﱡل�ﻀ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﺓ�ﺭ�ﺨَﻵﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻴﹾﻨ�ﺩﻟﺍ �ﺓﺎ�ﻴ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺕﹺﺒﺎﱠﺜﻟﺍ ِل�ﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹸﺕ�ﺒﹶﺜ�ﻴ
Òhviv Cgvb G‡b‡Q Zv‡`i‡K Avj­vn kvk¦Z evYx‡Z mycÖwZwôZ ivL‡eb BnRxe‡b Ges ciRxe‡b Ges hviv Rvwjg
Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K weåvwš—‡Z ivL‡eb| Avj­vn hv B”Qv Zv K‡ib|Ó 560
G AvqvZ †_‡K ¯úó Rvbv hvq †h, BnRxe‡bi b¨vq ciRxe‡bI kvk¦Z evYxi Dci cÖwZôvi cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q| wewfbœ nv`xm
†_‡K Rvbv hvq †h ciKvjxb Rxe‡bi ïi“‡ZB Ke‡i ÔgybKvi-bvKxiÕ bvgK gvjvK؇qi cÖ‡kœi gva¨‡g GB cÖwZôv cÖgvwYZ n‡e|
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:

ﹺﻥﻭـ�ﻬﹾﻟﺍ �ﺏﺍﹶﺫ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻭ�ﺯ�ﺠﹸﺘ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻨَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﺠﹺﺭﹾﺨَﺃ �ﻡﹺﻬﻴ�ﺩ�ﻴَﺃ ﻭﹸﻁ�ﺴﺎ�ﺒ ﹸﺔﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕ�ﻭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺕﺍ�ﺭ�ﻤﹶﻏ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻟﺍ �ﺫِﺇ ﻯ�ﺭﹶﺘ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹺﺒﹾﻜﹶﺘ�ﺴﹶﺘ �ﻪ�ﺘﺎ�ﻴَﺁ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ�ﻭ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ
Òhw` Zzwg †`L‡Z, hLb RvwjgMY g„Zz¨ hš¿Yvq _vK‡e Ges gvjvKMY nvZ evwo‡q ej‡e: Ô‡Zvgv‡`i cÖvY †ei Ki,
†Zvgiv Avj­vn m¤^‡Ü Ab¨vq ej‡Z I Zuvi wb`k©b m¤^‡Ü J¢Z¨ cÖKvk Ki‡Z, †m Rb¨ AvR †Zvgv‡`i‡K AegvbbvKi kvw¯—
cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e|Ó 561
G AvqvZ †_‡K g„Zz¨Kvjxb kvw¯— Ges g„Zz¨i c‡iB- †mw`‡bB †h kvw¯— cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e Zvi wel‡q Rvbv hvq| Ab¨
Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺩـﹶﺸَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻭ�ﻋ�ﺭ�ﻓ َلَﺁ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﺨ�ﺩَﺃ ﹸﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻡﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻴ�ﺸ�ﻋ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﻭ�ﺩﹸﻏ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭ�ﻀ�ﺭ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﺭﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﹺﺏﺍﹶﺫ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺀﻭ�ﺴ �ﻥ�ﻭ�ﻋ�ﺭ�ﻓ ِلَﺂﹺﺒ ﹶﻕﺎ�ﺤ�ﻭ
ﹺﺏﺍﹶﺫ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ
ÒKwVb kvw¯— cwi‡eób Kij wdivD‡bi m¤cÖ`vq‡K| mKvj mܨvq Zv‡`i‡K Dcw¯’Z Kiv nq Av¸‡bi mvg‡b Ges †hw`b
wKqvgZ NU‡e †mw`b (ejv n‡e:) wdivD‡bi m¤cÖ`vq‡K cÖ‡ek KivI KwVb kvw¯—i g‡a¨|Ó 562
G †_‡K Avgiv ¯úó eyS‡Z cvwi †h, wKqvg‡Zi c~‡e©I KvwdiMY‡K kvw¯— cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e Ges Av¸‡bi mvg‡b Zv‡`i
Dcw¯’Z Kiv n‡e|
AmsL¨ nv`x‡m g„Zz¨i mg‡qi, g„Zz¨i c‡ii G mKj kvw¯—, cyi¯‹vi BZ¨vw`i wel‡q Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| mvgwMÖKfv‡e Ke‡ii
cÖkœ, Avhve I wbqvgZ welqK nv`xm¸wj gyZvIqvwZi e‡j MY¨| G mKj nv`xm †_‡K Rvbv hvq †h, g„Ze¨w³‡K Ke‡ii ivLvi
c‡i Zvi ÔiƒnÕ Zv‡K †diZ †`Iqv n‡e Ges Zv‡K ÔgybKvi I bvKxiÕ bvgK wdwikZvMY cÖkœ Ki‡eb Zvi cÖwZcvjK, Zvi `xb I
Zviv bex m¤ú‡K©| gywgb e¨w³ G mKj cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z mg n‡eb| gybvwdK ev Kvwdi G mKj cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z Ag n‡e|
cvcx I Awek¦vmx‡`i‡K Ke‡i wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii kvw¯— †fvM Ki‡Z n‡e| cvš—‡i †bKKvi gywgbMY Ke‡i Ae¯’vbKv‡j kvwš— I
wbqvgZ †fvM Ki‡eb| G¸wj meB gywgb wek¦vm K‡ib|
mvaviYfv‡e G Ae¯’v‡K ÔKe‡iiÕ Ae¯’v ejv nq| Z‡e ÔKeiÕ ej‡Z g„Zz¨ I wKqvg‡Zi ga¨eZ©x Ae¯’v‡KB eySv‡bv
nq| †Kv‡bv e¨w³ †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y Kei¯’ bv n‡jI †m G mKj kvw¯— ev cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡i| KziAvb Kvix‡g ejv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻥـ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺎـ�ﻬﹸﻠِﺌﺎﹶﻗ �ﻭـ�ﻫ ﹲﺔـ�ﻤ�ﻠﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻬﱠﻨِﺇ ﻼﹶﻜ ﹸﺕﹾﻜ�ﺭﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﺤِﻟﺎ�ﺼ ُل�ﻤ�ﻋَﺃ ﻲﱢﻠ�ﻌﹶﻟ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﻌﹺﺠ�ﺭﺍ �ﺏ�ﺭ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﹸﺕ�ﻭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﺀﺎ�ﺠ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ
. �ﻥﻭﹸﺜ �ﻌ�ﺒ�ﻴ ﹺﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﹲﺥ�ﺯ�ﺭ�ﺒ �ﻡﹺﻬِﺌﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭ
ÒhLb Zv‡`i Kv‡iv g„Zz¨ Dcw¯’Z nq ZLb †m e‡j, †n Avgvi cÖwZcvjK, Avgv‡K cybivq †cÖiY Ki| hv‡Z Avwg
mrKg© Ki‡Z cvwi hv Avwg c~‡e© Kwi wb| bv, G nIqvi bq| G †Zv Zvi GKwU Dw³ gvÎ| Zv‡`i m¤§y‡L ÔevihvLÕ (cÖwZeÜK
ev c„_KxKiY mgqKvj) _vK‡e cybi“Ìvb w`em ch©š—|Ó 563
Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) e‡jb:
ﻥﺌﺎـﻜ ﻕﺤ ﻪﺒﺍﺫﻋﻭ ﺭﺒﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻁﻐﻀﻭ ،ﻕﺤ ﻩﺭﺒﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﺴﺠ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺡﻭﺭﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇﻭ ،ﺭﺒﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺌﺎﻜ ﻕﺤ ﺭﻴﻜﻨﻭ ﺭﻜﻨﻤ لﺍﺅﺴﻭ
. ﻥﻴﻨﻤﺅﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺎﺼﻋ ﺽﻌﺒﻟﻭ ﻡﻬﻠﻜ ﺭﺎﻔﻜﻠﻟ
ÒgybKvi I bvKx‡ii cÖkœ mZ¨, hv Ke‡ii g‡a¨ n‡e, Ke‡ii g‡a¨ ev›`vi iƒn‡K †`‡n wdwi‡q †`Iqv mZ¨| Ke‡ii
Pvc Ges Ke‡ii Avhve mZ¨, Kvwdiiv mK‡jB G kvw¯— †fvM Ki‡e Ges †Kv‡bv‡Kv‡bv cvcx gywgbI Zv †fvM Ki‡e|Ó 564
4. 5. 4. aŸsm, cybi“Ìvb I nvk&i
KziAvb-nv`x‡m AMwYZ ¯’v‡b c„w_exi aŸsm, cybi“Ìvb I nvki ev mgv‡e‡ki weeiY †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| GK ¯’v‡b gnvb
Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺩﺎﹶﻔ�ﺼﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﺭﹶﻘ�ﻤ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹺﺭ�ﺠ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻯ�ﺭﹶﺘ�ﻭ ﹺﺭﺎ�ﻬﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﺯ�ﺭ�ﺒ�ﻭ ﹸﺕﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﺭﻷﺍ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﺽ�ﺭﻷﺍ ُل�ﺩ�ﺒﹸﺘ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ
ﹺﺏﺎ�ﺴ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻊﻴﹺﺭ�ﺴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ ﹾﺕ�ﺒ�ﺴﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹴﺱﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﱠلﹸﻜ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻱﹺﺯ�ﺠ�ﻴِﻟ �ﺭﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻫﻭ�ﺠ�ﻭ ﻰﹶﺸﹾﻐﹶﺘ�ﻭ ﹴﻥﺍ�ﺭ�ﻁﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﻠﻴﹺﺒﺍ�ﺭ�ﺴ
Ò†h w`b G c„w_ex cwiewZ©Z n‡q Ab¨ c„w_ex n‡e Ges AvKvkgÛjxI; Ges gvbyl Dcw¯’Z n‡e Avj­vn&I m¤§y‡L- whwb GK,
civµgkvjx | †m w`b Zzwg AcivwaMY‡K †`L‡e k„•LwjZ Ae¯’vq| Zv‡`i Rvgv n‡e AvjKvZivi Ges AwMœ Av”Qbœ Ki‡e Zv‡`i
gyLgÊj| G GRb¨ †h, Avj­vn cÖ‡Z¨K‡K K…ZK‡g©i cÖwZdj w`‡eb| Avj­vn wnmve MÖn‡Y Zrci|Ó 565
Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡﺎـ�ﻴ�ﻗ
�ﻡـ�ﻫ ﺍﹶﺫِﺈﹶﻓ ﻯ�ﺭﹾﺨُﺃ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ ﹶﺦ�ﻔﹸﻨ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ ﹺﺽ�ﺭﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹶﻕ�ﻌ�ﺼﹶﻓ ﹺﺭﻭ�ﺼﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹶﺦ�ﻔﹸﻨ�ﻭ
145

�ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹸﻅﹾﻨ �ﻴ
ÒGes wk½vq dzrKvi †`Iqv n‡e, d‡j hv‡`i‡K Avj­vn& B”Qv K‡ib Zviv e¨ZxZ AvKvkgÛjx I c„w_exi mK‡j g~wQ©Z
n‡q co‡e | AZtci Avevi wk½vq dzrKvvi †`Iqv n‡e, ZrYvr Zviv `Ûvqgvb n‡q ZvKv‡Z _vK‡e| 566
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﺕﱠﻘـﹶﺸﹾﻨﺍ�ﻭ ﹸﺔـ�ﻌ�ﻗﺍ�ﻭﹾﻟﺍ �ﺕـ�ﻌﹶﻗ�ﻭ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴﹶﻓ ﹰﺓ�ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭ ﹰﺔﱠﻜ�ﺩ ﺎﹶﺘﱠﻜ�ﺩﹶﻓ ُلﺎ�ﺒﹺﺠﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺽ�ﺭﻷﺍ �ﺕﹶﻠ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻭ ﹲﺓ�ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭ ﹲﺔﹶﺨ ﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﹺﺭﻭ�ﺼﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹶﺦ�ﻔﹸﻨ ﺍﹶﺫِﺈﹶﻓ
ﹲﺔ�ﻴ�ﻫﺍ�ﻭ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻲﹺﻬﹶﻓ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ
ÒhLb wk½vq dzrKvi †`Iqv n‡e GKwU gvÎ dzrKvi, ce©Zgvjv m‡gZ c„w_ex Drwß n‡e Ges GKB av°vq Zviv P~Y©-weP~Y© n‡q
hv‡e| †m w`b msNwUZ n‡e gnvcÖjq, Ges AvKvk we`xY© n‡q wewk­ó n‡q co‡e|Ó 567
Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺭﹺﻭ �ﻡﱠﻨ�ﻬ�ﺠ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹺﺭ�ﺠ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﻕﻭ�ﺴﹶﻨ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺩﹾﻓ�ﻭ ﹺﻥ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻥﻴ�ﻘﱠﺘ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺭﹸﺸ�ﺤﹶﻨ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ
Ò†h w`b `qvg‡qi wbKU gyËvKxw`M‡K m¤§vwbZ †gngvbiƒ‡c mg‡eZ Kie| Ges Acivaxw`M‡K Z…òvZzi Ae¯’vq
Rvnvbœv‡gi w`‡K †Lw`‡q wb‡q hve|Ó 568
4. 5. 5. wnmve I cÖwZdj
Dc‡ii AvqvZ¸wj‡Z Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Avj­vn cybi“Ìv‡bi c‡i wnmve Ges cÖwZdj `v‡bi welqwU D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb|
KziAvb Kvix‡g AmsL¨ ¯’v‡b welqwU D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| GK ¯’v‡b gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
146
�ﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﱡﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﱠﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨﻴ�ﺩ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹺﻬﻴﱢﻓ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ
Ò†m w`b Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K cÖvc¨ cÖwZdj cyivcywi w`‡eb Ges Zviv Rvb‡e, Avj­vnB mZ¨ ¯úó cÖKvkK|Ó 569
Ab¨Î ejv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻡ�ﻭـ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ �ﻙـ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨﹺﺒ ﻰﹶﻔﹶﻜ �ﻙ�ﺒﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ْﺃ�ﺭﹾﻗﺍ ﺍ�ﺭﻭﹸﺸﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻩﺎﹶﻘﹾﻠ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﺒﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﺝﹺﺭﹾﺨﹸﻨ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻘﹸﻨ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﻓ
�ﻩ�ﺭِﺌﺎﹶﻁ �ﻩﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤ�ﺯﹾﻟَﺃ ﹴﻥﺎ�ﺴﹾﻨِﺇ ﱠلﹸﻜ�ﻭ
ﺎ�ﺒﻴ�ﺴ�ﺤ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ
ÒcÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li Kg© Avwg Zvi MÖxevjMœ K‡iwQ Ges wKqvg‡Zi w`b Avwg Zvi Rb¨ †ei Kie GK wKZve, hv †m cv‡e
D¤§y³| ÔZzwg †Zvgvi wKZve cvV Ki, AvR Zzwg wb‡RB †Zvgvi wnmve wbKv‡ki Rb¨ h‡_ó|Ó 570
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺭﻴـ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﺒﺎـ�ﺴ�ﺤ �ﺏـ�ﺴﺎ�ﺤ�ﻴ ﹶﻑ�ﻭـ�ﺴﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﻨﻴ�ﻤ�ﻴﹺﺒ �ﻪ�ﺒﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ �ﻲ�ﺘﻭُﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﻴ�ﻗﻼ�ﻤﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﺤ�ﺩﹶﻜ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺡ�ﺩﺎﹶﻜ �ﻙﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻥﺎ�ﺴﹾﻨِﻹﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
�ﻪـ�ﻠ�ﻫَﺃ ﻲـ�ﻓ �ﻥﺎـﹶﻜ �ﻪـﱠﻨِﺇ ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﻌ�ﺴ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﺼ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﻭ�ﺒﹸﺜ ﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩ�ﻴ ﹶﻑ�ﻭ�ﺴﹶﻓ �ﻩﹺﺭ�ﻬﹶﻅ �ﺀﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺒﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ �ﻲ�ﺘﻭُﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤَﺃ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﻭ�ﺭ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﻫَﺃ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺏ�ﻠﹶﻘﹾﻨ�ﻴ�ﻭ
ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺼ�ﺒ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥِﺇ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﺒ �ﺭﻭ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻥﹶﻟ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻥﹶﻅ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ ﺍ�ﺭﻭ�ﺭ�ﺴ�ﻤ
Ò†n gvbyl Zzwg †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU †cŠQv‡bv ch©š— K‡Vvi mvabv K‡i _vK, c‡i Zzwg Zuvi mvvr jvf Ki‡e|
hv‡K Zvi Avgjbvgv Zvi `wY n‡¯— †`Iqv n‡e Zvi wnmve-wbKvk mn‡RB †bIqv n‡e| Ges †m Zvnvi ¯^Rbw`‡Mi wbKU
cÖdzj­wP‡Ë wd‡i hv‡e| Ges hv‡K Zvi Avgjbvgv Zvi c„‡ôi cðvrw`K n‡Z †`Iqv n‡e †m Aek¨ Zvi aŸsm Avnevb Kwi‡e;
Ges R¡jš— AwMœ‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡e; †m Zvi ¯^Rbw`‡Mi g‡a¨ †Zv Avb‡›` wQj| †m fveZ †h, †m KLbB wd‡i hv‡e bv; wbðq
wd‡i hv‡e; Zvi cÖwZcvjK Zvi Dci mwe‡kl `„wó iv‡Lb|Ó 571
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﻰـ�ﺤ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥَﺄﹺﺒ ﺎ�ﻫ�ﺭﺎ�ﺒﹾﺨَﺃ ﹸﺙ�ﺩ�ﺤﹸﺘ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎ�ﺴﹾﻨِﻹﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟﺎﹶﻘﹾﺜَﺃ �ﺽ�ﺭﻷﺍ �ﺕ�ﺠ�ﺭﹾﺨَﺃ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟﺍ�ﺯﹾﻟﹺﺯ �ﺽ�ﺭﻷﺍ �ﺕﹶﻟﹺﺯﹾﻟ�ﺯ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ
�ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻴ ﺍ�ﺭﹶﺸ �ﺓ�ﺭﹶﺫ َلﺎﹶﻘﹾﺜ�ﻤ ْل�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻴ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨ �ﺓ�ﺭﹶﺫ َلﺎﹶﻘﹾﺜ�ﻤ ْل�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋَﺃ ﺍ�ﻭ�ﺭ�ﻴِﻟ ﺎﹰﺘﺎﹶﺘﹾﺸَﺃ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﺩ�ﺼ�ﻴ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟ
Òc„w_ex hLb Avcb K¤ú‡b cÖejfv‡e cÖKw¤úZ n‡e, Ges c„w_ex hLb Zvi fvi †ei K‡i w`‡e, gvbyl ej‡e, ÔGi wK
nj?Õ †m w`b c„w_ex Zvi e„Ëvš— eY©bv Ki‡e, KviY †Zvgvi cÖwZcvjK Zv‡K Av‡`k Kwi‡eb, †m w`b gvbyl wfbœ wfbœ `‡j †ei
n‡e, KviY Zv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i K„ZKg© †`Lvb n‡e; †KD AYy cwigvY mrKg© Ki‡j ZvI †`L‡e| †KD AYy cwigvY Amr Kg©
Ki‡j ZvI †`L‡e| 572

4. 5. 6. gxhvb
wnmv‡ei GKwU we‡kl w`K †h, gnvb Avj­vn wKqvg‡Zi w`b gvby‡li Kg© IRb Ki‡eb Ges IR‡bi Rb¨ gxhvb ev
Zzjv`Ê ¯’vcb Ki‡eb| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎـﹶﻨﹺﺒ ﻰـﹶﻔﹶﻜ�ﻭ ﺎـ�ﻬﹺﺒ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﺘَﺃ ٍل�ﺩ�ﺭﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺔ�ﺒ�ﺤ َلﺎﹶﻘﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﺱﹾﻔﹶﻨ �ﻡﹶﻠﹾﻅﹸﺘ ﻼﹶﻓ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴِﻟ ﹶﻁ�ﺴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻴﹺﺯﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻊ�ﻀﹶﻨ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﺴﺎ�ﺤ
ÒGes wKqvgZ -w`e‡m Avwg ¯’vcb Kie b¨vq wePv‡ii cvj­v ev Zzjv`Û| myZivs Kv‡iv cÖwZ †Kvb AwePvi Kiv n‡e bv
Ges Kg© hw` wZj cwigvY IR‡biI nq ZeyI Avwg Zv Dcw¯’Z Kie; wnmve MÖnYKvixiƒ‡c AvwgB h‡_ó|Ó 573
Ab¨Î Avj­vn ZvevivKv Iqv ZvÔAvjv e‡jb:
�ﻡ�ﻬـ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻨَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﺭ�ﺴﹶﺨ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﹸﻨﻴﹺﺯﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤ ﹾﺕﱠﻔﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻥﻭ�ﺤ�ﻠﹾﻔ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﹸﻨﻴﹺﺯﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤ ﹾﺕﹶﻠﹸﻘﹶﺜ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓ ﱡﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﺯ�ﻭﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤ�ﻠﹾﻅ�ﻴ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺘﺎ�ﻴَﺂﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ
Ò†m w`b IRb wVK Kiv n‡e, hv‡`i cvj­v fvix n‡e ZvivB mdjKvg n‡e; Avi hv‡`i cvj­v nvjKv n‡e ZvivB
wbR‡`i wZ K‡i‡Q, †h‡nZz Zviv Avgvi wb`k©b‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vb KiZ|Ó 574
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
ﹲﺔ�ﻴ�ﻤﺎ�ﺤ �ﺭﺎﹶﻨ �ﻪ�ﻴ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻙﺍ�ﺭ�ﺩَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹲﺔ�ﻴﹺﻭﺎ�ﻫ �ﻪ�ﻤُﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﹸﻨﻴﹺﺯﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤ ﹾﺕﱠﻔﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤَﺃ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﻴ�ﻀﺍ�ﺭ �ﺔﹶﺸﻴ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻭ�ﻬﹶﻓ �ﻪﹸﻨﻴﹺﺯﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤ ﹾﺕﹶﻠﹸﻘﹶﺜ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤَﺄﹶﻓ
ّÒZLb hvi cvj­v fvix n‡e †m †Zv jvf Ki‡e m‡š—vlRbK Rxeb, wKš‘ hvi cvj­v nvjKv n‡e Zvi ¯’vb n‡e ÔnvweqvÕ (Mfxi
MZ©); Zzwg wK Rvb Zv Kx? Zv AwZ DËß AwMœ|Ó 575
4. 5. 7. wmivZ
wmivZ ( ﻁﺍﺭـﺼﻟﺍ) A_© iv¯—v ev c_| AvwLiv‡Zi wek¦v‡m wmivZ ej‡Z Rvnvbœv‡gi Dc‡i ¯’vwcZ iv¯—v ev †mZz‡K
eySv‡bv nq| gywgbMY wek¦vm K‡ib †h, AvwLiv‡Z Rvnvbœv‡gi Dci w`‡q GKwU iv¯—v ev c_ ¯’vcb Kiv n‡e Ges mKj
gvbyl‡KB †m iv¯—v w`‡q Rvnvbœvg AwZµg K‡i Rvbœv‡Zi w`‡K †h‡Z n‡e| bexMY, wmÏxKMY, gywgbMY, KvwdiMY,
wnmveK…ZMY, wnmve-gy³MY mK‡jB G †mZz AwZµg Ki‡eb| c„w_ex‡Z Avj­vni iv¯—vq †h †hfv‡e P‡j‡Qb AvwLiv‡Zi iv¯—v
ev †mZzI wZwb †mfv‡eB AwZµg Ki‡eb|
G wel‡q KziAvb Kvix‡g Bw½Z i‡q‡Q Ges wewfbœ nv`x‡m we¯—vwiZ weeiY i‡q‡Q| Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) ewY©Z GK nv`x‡m
ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻡﻼﹶﻜ�ﻭ ُل�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻡﱠﻠﹶﻜﹶﺘ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻤُﺄﹺﺒ ِل�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺯﻭ�ﺠ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ َل�ﻭَﺃ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻡﱠﻨ�ﻬ�ﺠ �ﻲﹶﻨﺍ�ﺭ�ﻬﹶﻅ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﹸﻁﺍ�ﺭ�ﺼﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺭ�ﻀ�ﻴﹶﻓ
ﹸﻑـﹶﻁﹾﺨﹶﺘ �ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ ﺎـ�ﻬ�ﻤﹶﻅ�ﻋ �ﺭ�ﺩﹶﻗ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻨَﺃ �ﺭ�ﻴ ﹶﻏ...
ﹺﻥﺍ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﻭﹶﺸ ُلﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﺏﻴِﻟﻼﹶﻜ �ﻡﱠﻨ�ﻬ�ﺠ ﻲ�ﻓ�ﻭ �ﻡﱢﻠ�ﺴ �ﻡﱢﻠ�ﺴ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ ِل�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ
ﻭ�ﺠﹾﻨ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﺜ ُل�ﺩ�ﺭﹶﺨ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﻤ�ﻌﹺﺒ ﹸﻕ�ﺒﻭ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﻡﹺﻬِﻟﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋَﺄﹺﺒ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ
ÒAZtci Rvnvbœv‡gi ga¨ w`‡q iv¯—v emv‡bv n‡e| ZLb ivm~j‡MYi ga¨ †_‡K AvwgB cÖ_g Avgvi D¤§vZ wb‡q Zv AwZµg
Kie| †mw`b ivm~jMY Qvov †KD K_v ej‡eb bv| Avi ivmj~M‡Yi K_v n‡e: wbivcËv w`b, wbivcËv w`b| Rvnvbœv‡gi g‡a¨
gi“f~wgi ÔmvÕ`vbÕ e„‡i KvUvi gZ †`L‡Z AwZKvq wekvj wekvj AvsUv ev n~K _vK‡e ... †h¸wji AvK…wZi wekvjZ¡ Avj­vn Qvov
†KD Rv‡bb bv| †m¸wj gvbyl‡`i‡K Zv‡`i K‡g©i Abycv‡Z †U‡b wb‡e| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †KD Zvi K‡g©i Kvi‡Y aŸsmMÖ¯— n‡e Ges
†KD AvNvZcÖvß n‡e Ges Gici gyw³jvf Ki‡e| ....Ó 576
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Ave~ mvC` Ly`ix (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
ﹸﻑﻴ�ﻁﺎـﹶﻁﹶﺨ �ﻪـ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹲﺔـﱠﻟﹺﺯ�ﻤ ﹲﺔ�ﻀ�ﺤ�ﺩ�ﻤ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﺭ�ﺴ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠﹸﻗ �ﻡﱠﻨ�ﻬ�ﺠ �ﻱ�ﺭ�ﻬﹶﻅ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ُل�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻴﹶﻓ ﹺﺭ�ﺴ�ﺠﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﻰﹶﺘْﺅ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﺜ
ﹺﺢﻴ�ﺭﻟﺎـﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻕ�ﺭ�ﺒﹾﻟﺎـﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻑ�ﺭﱠﻁﻟﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﺍ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺴﻟﺍ
ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟ ُلﺎﹶﻘ�ﻴ �ﺩ�ﺠﹶﻨﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹶﺘ �ﺀﺎﹶﻔ�ﻴﹶﻘ�ﻋ ﹲﺔﹶﻜ�ﻭﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﹲﺔ�ﺤﹶﻁﹾﻠﹶﻔ�ﻤ ﹲﺔﹶﻜ�ﺴ�ﺤ�ﻭ �ﺏﻴِﻟﻼﹶﻜ�ﻭ
ﺎ�ﺒ�ﺤ�ﺴ �ﺏ�ﺤ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﺨﺁ �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻴ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻡﱠﻨ�ﻬ�ﺠ ﹺﺭﺎﹶﻨ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺱﻭ�ﺩﹾﻜ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹲﺵﻭ�ﺩﹾﺨ�ﻤ ﹴﺝﺎﹶﻨ�ﻭ �ﻡﱠﻠ�ﺴ�ﻤ ﹴﺝﺎﹶﻨﹶﻓ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﻟﺍ�ﻭ ِل�ﻴﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﺩﻴﹺﻭﺎ�ﺠَﺄﹶﻜ�ﻭ
ÒAZtci †mZz Avbqb Kiv n‡e Ges Rvnvbœv‡gi Dc‡i Zv ¯’vcb Kiv n‡e| Avgiv ejjvg: †n Avj­vni ivm~j, †mZzwU Kx? wZwb
ej‡jb: AwZwcw”Qj I cZ‡bi ¯’vb, hvi Dc‡i i‡q‡Q †U‡b †bIqvi Rb¨ AvsUv Ges wekvjvK…wZi eµ KuvUv i‡q‡Q †m¸wj †`L‡Z
bvR‡`i mvÕ`vb e„‡i KuvUvi b¨vq| gywgb †m †mZzi Dci w`‡q `„wói `ª“ZZvq, †KD we`y¨‡Zi MwZ‡Z, †KD evZv‡mi MwZ‡Z, †KD
kw³kvjx †Nvovi b¨vq, †KD D‡óªi MwZ‡Z cvi n‡e, †KD wbivc‡` AwZµg Ki‡e, †KD Av¸‡bi g‡a¨ AvnZ I †KD Av¸‡bi g‡a¨
RgvK…Z, Gfv‡e me©‡kl e¨w³‡K †U‡b wnP‡o cvi Kiv n‡e|Ó 577
147

gnvb Avj­vn KziAvb Kvix‡g e‡jb:
148
ﺎ�ﻴ�ﺜﹺﺠ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ �ﻥﻴ�ﻤِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻟﺍ �ﺭﹶﺫﹶﻨ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﻭﹶﻘﱠﺘﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﺠﹶﻨﹸﻨ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﺎ�ﻴ�ﻀﹾﻘ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤﹾﺘ�ﺤ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻫ�ﺩﹺﺭﺍ�ﻭ ﻻِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ
Ò†Zvgv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡KB Z_vq AvMgb Ki‡e (Zv AwZµg Ki‡e), G †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki Awbe©vh© wm×vš—| c‡i Avwg
gyËvKx‡`i‡K D×vi Kie Ges Rvwjg‡`i‡K †m_vq bZRvby Ae¯’vq †i‡L w`e|Ó 578
mvnvex-Zvweqx gydvm&wmiMY D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, GLv‡b wmivZ AwZµg Kivi welqwUB D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q|
4. 5. 8. nvDh
nvDh ( ﺽﻭـﺤﻟﺍ) A_© †PŠev”Pv, cyKzi ev Rjvkq| gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi wcÖqZg bex gynv¤§v` �-‡K GKwU cweÎ ÔnvDhÕ `vb
K‡i‡Qb †hLvb †_‡K Zuvi D¤§vZ wKqvg‡Zi w`b cvwb cvb Ki‡e| w·kiI AwaK mvnvex †_‡K gyZvIqvwZi ch©v‡q G wel‡q
nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Avj­vgv Beby Avwej Bh&h nvbvdx kviûj AvKx`vn AvZ-Zvnvweq¨vn MÖ‡š’ e‡jb:
ﺎـﻬﻗﺭﻁ ﻰﺼﻘﺘﺴﺍ ﺩﻘﻟﻭ ،ﺎﻴﺒﺎﺤﺼ ﻥﻭﺜﻼﺜﻭ ﻊﻀﺒ ﺔﺒﺎﺤﺼﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻫﺍﻭﺭ
،ﺭﺘﺍﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﺤ ﻎﻠﺒﺘ ﺽﻭﺤﻟﺍ ﺭﻜﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﺙﻴﺩﺎﺤﻷﺍ
ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻤﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﻜﻟﺍ ﻪﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﺭﺨﺁ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﻤﺤﺭﺒ ﷲﺍ ﻩﺩﻤﻐﺘ ﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻥﺒﺍ ﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻤﻋ ﺔﻤﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﺎﻨﺨﻴﺸ
ÒnvD‡hi wel‡q ewY©Z nv`xm¸wj gyZvIqvwZi ch©v‡qi| cÖvq 35 Rb mvnvex †_‡K G welqK nv`xm¸wj ewY©Z|
Avgv‡`i D¯—v` Avj­vgv Bgv`yÏxb Beby Kvmxi (ivn) ÔAvj-we`qv Iqvb wbnvqvÕ bvgK Zvi e„nr BwZnvmMÖ‡š’i †k‡l G welqK
nv`xm¸wj GKwÎZ K‡i‡Qb|Ó 579
GK nv`x‡m Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹺﻡﻭ�ﺠﹸﻨ �ﺩ�ﺩ�ﻌﹶﻜ �ﻕﻴﹺﺭﺎ�ﺒَﻷﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ ﹺﻥ�ﻤ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎ�ﻌﹾﻨ�ﺼ�ﻭ ﹶﺔﹶﻠ�ﻴَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ ﻲ�ﻀ�ﻭ�ﺤ �ﺭ�ﺩﹶﻗ �ﻥِﺇ
Òwdwjw¯—b †_‡K Bqvgv‡bi mvbÔAv ch©š— †h `~iZ¡ Avgvi nvD‡hi cwigvb Z`ªƒc| Z_vq cvbcv‡Îi msL¨v AvKv‡ki
ZviKvivwRi b¨vq|Ó 580
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﺩ�ﺩـ�ﻋ �ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﺭـﹶﺜﹾﻜَﺃ �ﻪﹸﺘ�ﻴ�ﻨﻵ�ﻭ ﹺﻥ�ﺒﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ِل�ﺴ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﺤَﺃ�ﻭ ﹺﺞﹾﻠﱠﺜﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻀﺎ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﺩﹶﺸَﺃ �ﻭ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﹴﻥ�ﺩ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹶﺔﹶﻠ�ﻴَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒَﺃ ﻲ�ﻀ�ﻭ�ﺤ �ﻥِﺇ
�ﻡـﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﻡ�ﻌﹶﻨ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﺎﹶﻨﹸﻓﹺﺭ�ﻌﹶﺘَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟ ﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪ�ﻀ�ﻭ�ﺤ �ﻥ�ﻋ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ َلﹺﺒِﺇ ُل�ﺠ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺼ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺼَﻷ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ�ﻭ ﹺﻡﻭ�ﺠﱡﻨﻟﺍ
�ﺀﻭ�ﻀ�ﻭﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﺭﹶﺜَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﻠ�ﺠ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﺍ�ﺭﹸﻏ �ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩﹺﺭﹶﺘ ﹺﻡ�ﻤﻷﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﺤﻷ ﹾﺕ�ﺴ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﺴ
ÒAv`vb (Bqvgvb) †_‡K AvBjv (wdwjw¯—b)-Gi †h `~iZ¡ Zvi †P‡q †ewk cÖk¯—Zv Avgvi nvD‡hi| Zvi cvwb ei‡di †P‡qI
†ewk ïå Ges gay wgwkªZ `y‡»i †P‡qI †ewk wgó| Zvi cvbcvθwj msL¨v AvKv‡ki ZviKvivwRi †P‡qI †ewk| GKRb gvbyl
†hgb Zvi nvDh †_‡K Ab¨ gvbyl‡`i DU †VwK‡q iv‡L Avwg †Zgb fv‡e Avgvi D¤§vZ Qvov Ab¨ gvbyl‡`i †VwK‡q ivLe|
mvnvexMY e‡jb, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, Avcwb wK Avgv‡`i‡K wPb‡eb? wZwb e‡jb, nü v, †Zvg‡`i Ggb GKwU wPý i‡q‡Q hv Ab¨
†Kv‡bv D¤§v‡Zi †bB, †Zvgiv Avgvi wbKU hLb AvMgb Ki‡e ZLb Ihyi Kvi‡Y †Zvgv‡`i Ihyi A½¸wj ïåZvq D¢vwmZ
_vK‡e|Ó 581
mvnj Beby mvÕ`, Avey mvB` Ly`ix I Avey ûivBiv (�) †_‡K ewY©Z nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb :
ُلﺎـ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﻲ�ﻨﻭﹸﻓﹺﺭ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﻓﹺﺭ�ﻋَﺃ �ﻡﺍ�ﻭﹾﻗَﺃ �ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﺩﹺﺭ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺒَﺃ ْﺄ�ﻤﹾﻅ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﺏﹺﺭﹶﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺏﹺﺭﹶﺸ �ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺭ�ﻤ
�ﻥ�ﻤ ﹺﺽ�ﻭ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﻁ�ﺭﹶﻓ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ
ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺄـﹶﻓ ،(
�ﻙ�ﺩـ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩﹶﺘ
ﻻ �ﻙﱠﻨِﺇ : ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻲﻓ)
�ﻙ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﺜ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﻻ �ﻙﱠﻨِﺇ ُلﺎﹶﻘ�ﻴﹶﻓ ﻲﱢﻨ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨِﺇ : ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺄﹶﻓ ،�ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ
. ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﻥ�ﻤِﻟ ﺎﹰﻘ�ﺤ�ﺴ ﺎﹰﻘ�ﺤ�ﺴ
ÒAvwg Av‡M nvD‡h wM‡q †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ A‡cv Kie| †h Avgvi Kv‡Q hv‡e †m (nvDh) †_‡K cvb Ki‡e, Avi †h cvb
Ki‡e †m Avi KL‡bv wccvmvZ© n‡e bv| A‡bK gvbyl Avgvi Kv‡Q (nvD‡h cvwb cv‡bi Rb¨) Avm‡e, hv‡`i‡K Avwg wPb‡Z cvie
Ges ZvivI Avgv‡K wPb‡Z cvi‡e, wKš‘ Zv‡`i‡K Avgvi Kv‡Q Avm‡Z †`Iqv n‡e bv, evav †`Iqv n‡e| Avwg eje: Giv †Zv
AvgviB D¤§Z| ZLb Dˇi ejv n‡e : Avcwb Rv‡bb bv, Giv Avcbvi c‡i Kx-me be D¢veb K‡iwQj| (wØZxq eY©bvq: Avcbvi
c‡i Zviv Kx Avgj K‡i‡Q Zv Avcwb Rv‡bb bv|) ZLb Avwg eje: hviv Avgvi c‡i cwieZ©b K‡i‡Q Zviv `~i n‡q hvK! Zviv `~i
n‡q hvK!!Ó 582
Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) e‡jb,
َلﺎﹶﻗ
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ �ﻙﹶﻜ�ﺤ�ﻀَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠﹸﻘﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴ�ﺒﹶﺘ �ﻤ
�ﻪ�ﺴْﺃ�ﺭ �ﻊﹶﻓ�ﺭ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﹰﺓ�ﺀﺎﹶﻔﹾﻏِﺇ ﻰﹶﻔﹾﻏَﺃ ﹾﺫِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨﹺﺭ�ﻬﹾﻅَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﹴﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﹶﺕﺍﹶﺫ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ

�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠﹸﻘﹶﻓ ؟�ﺭﹶﺜ�ﻭﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ
ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﺩﹶﺘَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡﹸﺜ ،(...
�ﺭﹶﺜ�ﻭﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻙﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﻁ�ﻋَﺃ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ ) ﹺﻡﻴ�ﺤ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﺴﹺﺒ َﺃ�ﺭﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹲﺓ�ﺭﻭ�ﺴ ﺎﹰﻔ�ﻨﺁ �ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹾﺕﹶﻟﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ
�ﺔـ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺩﹺﺭﹶﺘ �ﺽ�ﻭ�ﺤ �ﻭ�ﻫ �ﺭﻴ�ﺜﹶﻜ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﱠل�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﺯ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺭ ( ﻪﻴﻨﺎﻁﻋﺃ)
�ﻪﻴ�ﻨ�ﺩ�ﻋ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﻬﹶﻨ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ : َلﺎﹶﻗ . �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻋ َﺃ �ﻪﹸﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ
�ﻙ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﹾﺕﹶﺜ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ ﹶﻓ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ �ﺏ�ﺭ ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺞﹶﻠﹶﺘﹾﺨ�ﻴﹶﻓ ﹺﻡﻭ�ﺠﱡﻨﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺩ�ﻋ �ﻪﹸﺘ�ﻴ�ﻨﺁ
ÒGKw`b ivm~jyj­vn � Avgv‡`i gv‡S wQ‡jb| wZwb GKUz Z›`ªv”Qbœ nb| Gici wZwb nuvwmg‡L gv_v DVvb| Avgiv ejjvg, †n
Avj­vni ivm~j, Avcwb nuvm‡Qb †Kb? wZwb e‡jb, GLb Avgvi Dc‡i GKwU m~iv bvwhj Kiv n‡jv| AZtci wZwb m~iv KvDmvi cvV
K‡ib| AZtci wZwb e‡jb, †Zvgiv wK Rvb KvDmvi Kx? Avgiv ejjvg: Avj­vn Ges Zvi ivm~jB AwaK AeMZ| wZwb e‡jb:
KvDmvi n‡jv GKwU b`x hv gnvb Avj­vn Avgv‡K †`Iqvi cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡q‡Qb (Ab¨ eY©bvq: hv wZwb Avgv‡K cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb)| Zv‡Z
i‡q‡Q A‡bK Kj¨vY| G n‡jv nvDh, †hLv‡b Avgvi D¤§vZ wKqvg‡Zi w`b Avgvi wbKU AvMgb Ki‡e| Zvi cvbcvθwj
ZviKvivwRi b¨vq| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv ev›`v‡K †mLvb †_‡K †U‡b wb‡q hvIqv n‡e| Avwg eje, †n Avgvi cÖwZcvjK, G †Zv Avgvi
D¤§v‡Zi GKRb| ZLb wZwb ej‡eb, Avcwb Rv‡bb bv, Avcbvi c‡i Giv wK be-D¢veb K‡iwQj|Ó 583
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avãyj­vn Beby Avgi (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻪـﹸﻨﺍ�ﺯﻴ�ﻜ�ﻭ �ﻙـ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﺏ�ﻴﹾﻁَﺃ �ﻪ�ﺤﻴﹺﺭ�ﻭ ( ﹺﻥ�ﺒﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ )
149
�ﻕﹺﺭ�ﻭﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺽ�ﻴ�ﺒَﺃ �ﻩُﺅﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺀﺍ�ﻭ�ﺴ �ﻩﺎ�ﻴﺍ�ﻭ�ﺯ�ﻭ ﹴﺭ�ﻬﹶﺸ ﹸﺓ�ﺭﻴ�ﺴ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻀ�ﻭ�ﺤ
ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺒَﺃ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ ُﺄ�ﻤﹾﻅ�ﻴ ﻼﹶﻓ �ﻪﹾﻨ �ﻤ �ﺏﹺﺭﹶﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹺﻡﻭ�ﺠﹸﻨﹶﻜ
ÒAvgvi nvD‡hi cÖk¯—Zv GKgv‡mi c_| Gi mKj †KvY mgvb| Gi cvwb `y‡ai †P‡qI (Ab¨ eY©bvq †iŠ‡c¨i †P‡qI)
ïå Ges †gk‡Ki †P‡qI AwaK myMÜ| Zvi cvbcv‡Îi msL¨v AvKv‡ki ZviKvivwRi b¨vq| †h e¨w³ G †_‡K cvb Ki‡e †m
Avi KL‡bv wccvmvZ© n‡e bv|Ó 584
4. 5. 9. kvdvÔAvZ
kvdvÔAvZ ( ﺔﻋﺎﻔـﺸﻟﺍ) A_© mycvwik Kiv ev Kv‡iv `vwe ev Avãvi‡K mg_©b Kiv| kãwU ÔAvk-kvdD ( ﻊﻔـﺸﻟﺍ) †_‡K M„nxZ, hvi
A_© †Rvov ev †Rvov evbv‡bv| kvdvÔAv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq Avj­vgv Bebyj Avmxi (606 wn) e‡jb: Ònv`x‡m wewfbœ ¯’v‡b kvdvÔAvZ kãwU
G‡m‡Q RvMwZK ev AvwLiv‡Zi wel‡q| Gi A_© cvc ev Aciv‡ai kvw¯— bv †`Iqvi Rb¨ cÖv_©bv Kiv|Ó 585
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Avi‡ei gykwiKMY, L„÷vbMY I Ab¨vb¨ weåvš— RvwZ wdwikZv I bex-IjxM‡Yi kvdvÔAvZ‡K
Zuv‡`i AwaKvi I gZv e‡j wek¦vm K‡i weåvš— n‡q‡Q| Zviv g‡b KiZ †h, gnvb Avj­vn Zuv‡`i‡K kvdvÔAvZ Kivi Rb¨
wbtkZ© I Db¥y³ AbygwZ, AwaKvi ev gZv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| Kv‡RB Zuviv Zuv‡`i B”QvgZ †h KvD‡K mycvwik K‡i Rvbœv‡Z
wb‡Z cvi‡eb| G wek¦v‡mi wfwˇZ Zviv Zuv‡`i kvdvÔAvZ jv‡fi Avkvq AwZfw³ ev wki‡K wjß n‡Zv|
cvš—‡i gymwjg D¤§vni LvwiRx, gyÕZvwhjv I Ab¨vb¨ KwZcq wdiKv cvcx‡`i Rb¨ bexM‡Yi ev Ab¨‡`i kvdvÔAvZ
A¯^xKvi K‡i| G‡‡Î Zv‡`i `wjj¸wj g~jZ `y cÖKv‡ii: (1) KziAvb Kvix‡gi kvdvÔAvZ A¯^xKvi welqK AvqvZ¸wj Ges (2)
Zv‡`i gZev` wfwËK hyw³| Zv‡`i g‡Z cvcx gymwj‡gi kvw¯— bv †`Iqv Avj­vni b¨vqwePv‡ii cwicš’x, Kv‡RB Avj­vn wb‡Ri
ing‡Z ev Ab¨ Kv‡iv kvdvÔAv‡Z †Kv‡bv cvcx‡K gv Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| Avgiv KziAvb-nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K kvdvÔAvZ wel‡q
Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi AvKx`vn e¨vL¨v Kie|
4. 5. 9. 1. KziAvb Kvix‡g kvdvÔAvZ
KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, wKqvg‡Zi w`b †Kv‡bv kvdvÔAvZ Keyj Kiv n‡e bv, Avj­vn Qvov
†KD kvdvÔAv‡Zi AwaKvi ivL‡e bv Ges Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv kvdvÔAvZKvixI _vK‡e bv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﺼﹾﻨ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ ﻻ�ﻭ ٌل�ﺩ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﹸﺫﹶﺨْﺅ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹲﺔ�ﻋﺎﹶﻔﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ �ﻤ
ُل�ﺒﹾﻘ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ ﹴﺱﹾﻔﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﺱﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻱﹺﺯ�ﺠﹶﺘ ﻻ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﺍ�ﻭ
Ò†Zvgiv †m w`b‡K fq Ki †h w`b †KD Kv‡iv Kv‡R Avm‡ebv Ges Kv‡iv mycvwik ¯^xK„Z n‡ebv Ges Kv‡iv wbKU
n‡Z wZc~iY M„nxZ n‡e bv Ges Zviv †Kvb cÖKvi mvnvh¨ cv‡e bv|Ó 586
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﺼﹾﻨ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹲﺔ�ﻋﺎﹶﻔﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻌﹶﻔﹾﻨﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ٌل�ﺩ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ُل�ﺒﹾﻘ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ ﹴﺱﹾﻔﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﺱﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻱﹺﺯ�ﺠﹶﺘ ﻻ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﺍ�ﻭ
Ò†Zvgiv †m w`b‡K fq Ki †h w`b †KD Kv‡iv †Kvb DcKv‡i Avm‡e bv Ges Kv‡iv wbKU n‡Z †Kvb wZc~iY M„nxZ n‡e bv
Ges †Kvb mycvwik Kv‡iv c‡ jvfRbK n‡e bv Ges Zviv †Kvb mvnvh¨ I cv‡e bv|Ó 587
Ab¨Î †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻡـ�ﻫ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻓﺎـﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹲﺔ�ﻋﺎﹶﻔـﹶﺸ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹲﺔﱠﻠﹸﺨ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ �ﻊ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﻻ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻲ�ﺘْﺄ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ِل�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎﹶﻨﹾﻗ�ﺯ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﻘ�ﻔﹾﻨَﺃ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ

�ﻥﻭ�ﻤِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻟﺍ
Ò†n gyÕwgbMY, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K hv w`‡qwQ Zv n‡Z †Zvgiv e¨q Ki †mB w`b Avmvi c~‡e©- †h w`b µq-weµq, eÜyZ¡ Ges
mycvwik _vK‡e bv|Ó 588
Ab¨Î Avj­vn ZvevivKv Iqv ZvÔAvjv e‡jb:
ﹺﻥﻭﹸﺫ�ﻘﹾﻨ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﺘ�ﻋﺎﹶﻔﹶﺸ
ﻲﱢﻨ�ﻋ ﹺﻥﹾﻐﹸﺘ ﻻ �ﺭ�ﻀﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﺩﹺﺭ�ﻴ �ﻥِﺇ ﹰﺔ�ﻬِﻟَﺁ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹸﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘَﺃَﺃ
ÒAvwg wK Zuvi cwie‡Z© Ab¨ Bjvn MÖnY Kie? `qvgq Avj­vn Avgv‡K wZMÖ¯’ Ki‡Z PvB‡j Zv‡`i mycvwik Avgvi †Kvb
Kv‡R Avm‡e bv Ges Zviv Avgv‡K D×vi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|Ó 589
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠ�ﻌﹶﻟ �ﻊﻴ�ﻔﹶﺸ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻲِﻟ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹶﺸ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻥﻭﹸﻓﺎﹶﺨ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﺭ�ﺫﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ
ÒZzwg G Øviv Zv‡`i‡K mZK© K‡i `vI hviv fq K‡i †h, Zv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU mg‡eZ Kiv n‡e Ggb
Ae¯’vq †h, wZwb e¨ZxZ Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv AwffveK _vK‡e bv Ges †Kv‡bv mycvwikKvixI _vK‡e bv; nqZ Zviv mveavb
n‡e|Ó 590
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻊﻴ�ﻔﹶﺸ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻲِﻟ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﹾﺕ�ﺒ�ﺴﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﺱﹾﻔﹶﻨ َل�ﺴ�ﺒﹸﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﺭﱢﻜﹶﺫ�ﻭ
ÒG Øviv Zv‡`i‡K Dc‡`k `vI, hv‡Z †KD wbR K…Z K‡g©i Rb¨ aŸsm bv nq, hLb Avj­vn e¨ZxZ Zvi †Kv‡bv AwffveK
_vK‡e bv Ges †Kv‡bv mycvwikKvixI _vK‡e bv|Ó 591
Ab¨Î †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻲـِﻟ�ﻭ �ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹺﺵ�ﺭ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻯ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﹴﻡﺎ�ﻴَﺃ �ﺔﱠﺘ�ﺴ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹶﻕﹶﻠﹶﺨ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭﱠﻜﹶﺫﹶﺘﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓَﺃ ﹴﻊﻴ�ﻔﹶﺸ ﻻ�ﻭ
ÒAvj­vn wZwb AvKvk gÛjx, c„w_ex I Zvi Aš—e©Zx© mg¯— wKQz m„wó K‡i‡Qb Qq w`‡b| AZtci wZwb Avi‡k mgvmxb
nb| wZwb e¨ZxZ †Zvgv‡`i †Kvb AwffveK †bB Ges mycvwikKvixI †bB; Zey I wK †Zvgiv Dc‡`k MÖnY Ki‡e bv|Ó 592
Ab¨Î ejv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻡـﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭُﺌ�ﺒﹶﻨﹸﺘَﺃ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨُﺅﺎ�ﻌﹶﻔﹸﺸ �ﺀﻻُﺅ�ﻫ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻌﹶﻔﹾﻨ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﻀ�ﻴ ﻻ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ
�ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋ ﻰﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹶﺘ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﻨﺎ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ
ÒZviv Avj­vn e¨ZxZ hv‡`i Bev`Z K‡i Zviv Zv‡`i wZI K‡i bv DcKviI K‡i bv| Zviv e‡j Giv Avj­vni Kv‡Q
Avgv‡`i mycvwikKvix| ej, †Zvgiv wK Avj­vn‡K AvKvkgÛjx I c„w_exi Ggb wKQzi msev` w`‡e hv wZwb Rv‡bb bv? wZwb
gnvb cweÎ Ges Zv‡`i wki&K Kiv †_‡K wZwb D‡×©|Ó 593
Ab¨Î ejv n‡q‡Q:
150
�ﻥﻭ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﺭﹸﺘ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻙﹾﻠ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻌﻴ�ﻤ�ﺠ ﹸﺔ�ﻋﺎﹶﻔ ﱠﺸﻟﺍ
�ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ْلﹸﻗ
Òej, mKj mycvwik Avj­vniB BLwZqv‡i, AvKvkgÛjx I c„w_exi mve©‡fŠgZ¡ Avj­vniB; AZtci ZviB Kv‡Q †Zvgiv cÖZ¨veZ©b
Ki‡e|Ó 594
Dc‡ii AvqvZ¸wj‡Z evn¨Z kvdvÔAvZ A¯^xKvi Kiv n‡q‡Q| G mKj AvqvZ †_‡K gyÕZvwhjv I Ab¨vb¨ wdiKv `vwe K‡i
†h, wKqvg‡Zi w`b Kv‡iv kvdvÔAv‡Z †Kv‡bv cvcxi gvjv‡fi aviYv evwZj I wfwËnxb|
e¯‘Z G mKj Avqv‡Z g~jZ kvdvÔAvZ wel‡q gykwiK‡`i wek¦vm LÊb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avgvi B‡Zvc~‡e© D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h,
Inxi Áv‡bi mv‡_ wKQz Kíbv †hvM K‡i Avi‡ei KvwdiMY I Ab¨vb¨ Kvwdi m¤cÖ`v‡qi gvby‡liv wek¦vm KiZ †h, Avj­vni
wdwikZvMY, bexMY ev wcÖqcvÎMY kvdvÔAv‡Zi gZv I AwaKvi msiY K‡ib| Zviv Zv‡`i B”QvgZ hv‡K B”Qv mycvwik K‡i
gyw³ w`‡Z cvi‡eb| gnvb Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K G ai‡bi gZv I AwaKvi w`‡q w`‡q‡Qb| gnvb Avj­vn Zv‡`i G åvš— wek¦vm LÊb
K‡i Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h, kvdvÔAv‡Zi gvwjKvbv, AwaKvi I gZv GKgvÎ Avj­vni| Ab¨vb¨ Avqv‡Z kvdvÔAv‡Zi ¯^xK…wZ D‡j­L Kiv

n‡q‡Q| whwb kvdvÔAvZ Ki‡eb wZwb hw` kvdvÔAvZ Kivi Rb¨ gnvb Avj­vi AbygwZ MÖnY K‡ib Ges hvi Rb¨ kvdvÔAvZ Ki‡eb
Zvi cÖwZ hw` gnvb Avj­n mš‘ó _v‡Kb Z‡e †m‡‡Î kvdvÔAvZ Kivi my‡hvM Avj­vn cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| hvi cÖwZ Avj­vn mš‘ó bb
Zvi Rb¨ †KDB kvdvÔAvZ Ki‡e bv| me©ve¯’vq kvdvÔAvZ MÖnY Kiv ev bv Kiv gnvb Avj­vni B”Qv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪ�ﻨﹾﺫِﺈﹺﺒ ﻻِﺇ �ﻩ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻊﹶﻔﹾﺸ�ﻴ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺍﹶﺫ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Ò†K †m †h Zuvi AbygwZ e¨ZxZ Zuvi wbKU mycvwik Ki‡e?Ó 595
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭﱠﻜﹶﺫﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓَﺃ �ﻩﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋﺎﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻪ�ﻨﹾﺫِﺇ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ ﹴﻊﻴ�ﻔﹶﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺭ�ﻤَﻷﺍ �ﺭ�ﺒ�ﺩ�ﻴ
ÒwZwb mKj welq wbqš¿Y K‡ib| Zvui AbygwZ jvf bv K‡i mycvwik Kivi †KD †bB| wZwbB Avj­vn †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK;
myZivs Zvui ÔBev`Z Ki| Zey I wK †Zvgiv Abyaveb Ki‡e bv?Ó 596
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb:
151
ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻬ�ﻋ ﹺﻥ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﹶﺫﹶﺨﱠﺘﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ ﹶﺔ�ﻋﺎﹶﻔﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜ�ﻠ�ﻤ�ﻴ ﻻ
Ò†h `qvg‡qi cÖwZkÖ“wZ MÖnY K‡i‡Q †m e¨ZxZ Ab¨ Kv‡iv mycvwik Kivi gZv _vK‡e bv|Ó 597
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﻻ�ﻭﹶﻗ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻲ�ﻀ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﺫَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ ﹸﺔ�ﻋﺎﹶﻔﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻊﹶﻔﹾﻨﹶﺘ ﻻ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ
Ò`qvgq Avj­vn hv‡K AbygwZ w`‡eb I hvi K_v wZwb cQ›` Ki‡eb †m e¨ZxZ Kv‡iv mycvwik †m w`b †Kvb Kv‡R
Avm‡e bv|Ó 598
Avj­vn ZvevivKv I ZvÔAvjv Av‡iv e‡jb:
Òhv‡K AbygwZ †`qv nq †m e¨ZxZ Avj­vni wbKU Kv‡iv mycvwik djcÖm~ n‡e bv|Ó 599
Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb:
�ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﺫَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤِﻟ ﻻِﺇ �ﻩ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﹸﺔ�ﻋﺎﹶﻔﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻊﹶﻔﹾﻨﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ
. �ﻥﻭﹸﻘ�ﻔﹾﺸ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻴﹾﺸﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﻰ�ﻀﹶﺘ�ﺭﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻤِﻟ
ﻻِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﻌﹶﻔﹾﺸ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ
ÒwZwb hv‡`i cÖwZ mš‘ó Zv‡`i Qvov Avi Kv‡iv Rb¨ Zviv mycvwik K‡i bv Ges Zviv Zuvi f‡q fxZ-mš¿¯—|Ó 600
ﻰ�ﻀ�ﺭ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤِﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﹶﺫْﺄ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﺘ�ﻋﺎﹶﻔﹶﺸ ﻲ�ﻨﹾﻐﹸﺘ ﻻ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻙﹶﻠ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻜ�ﻭ
ÒAvKv‡k KZ wdwik&Zv i‡q‡Q! Zv‡`i ‡Kv‡bv mycvwik djcÖm~ n‡e bv hZY Avj­vn hv‡K B”Qv Ges hvi cÖwZ mš‘ó
Zv‡K AbygwZ bv †`b|Ó 601
Dc‡ii AvqvZ¸wj †_‡K Avgiv wb‡gœi welq¸wj eyS‡Z cvwi:
(1) kvdvÔAv‡Zi gvwjKvbv GKgvÎ Avj­vni| Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv kvdvÔAv‡Zi †Kv‡bv gZv ev AwaKvi †bB|
(2) Avj­vn AbygwZ w`‡j †KD kvdÔAvZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
(3) hvi cÖwZ Avj­vn mš‘ó ïay Zv‡KB AbygwZ cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|
(4) Avj­vni AbygwZµ‡g wdwikZvMY mycvwik Ki‡eb e‡j KziAv‡b ¯úóZ ejv n‡q‡Q| GQvov Ab¨ Kviv Zuvi
AbygwZµ‡g mycvwik Ki‡Z cvi‡eb Zv ¯úóZ D‡j­L Kiv nq wb| nv`xm kix‡d G welqK eY©bv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|
(5) †h e¨w³i Rb¨ mycvwik Kiv n‡e Zvi Rb¨I Avj­vni Aby‡gv`b c~e©kZ©|
(6) †h e¨w³i cÖwZ ¯^qs Avj­vn mš‘ó i‡q‡Qb †m e¨w³ Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv Rb¨ †KD mycvwik Ki‡eb bv|
4. 5. 9. 2. nv`xm kix‡d kvdvÔAvZ
AMwYZ nv`x‡m wKqvg‡Zi w`b bexMY I Ab¨vb¨ gvbyl Ges gvby‡li wewfbœ Avgj kvdvÔAvZ Ki‡e Ges Zv‡`i
kvdvÔAvZ Keyj Kiv n‡e e‡j D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| G mKj nv`x‡mi we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ e„nr cwim‡ii cÖ‡qvRb|
nv`x‡m ewY©Z kvdvÔAv‡Zi ch©vq¸wj wbgœiƒ‡c fvM Kiv hvq:
(1) kvdvÔAv‡Z Dhgv (ﻰﻤﻅﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻔﺸﻟﺍ) ev g‡nvËg kvdvÔAvZ| GØviv wePvi ïi“i Rb¨ Avj­vni Kv‡Q mycvwik Kiv

eySv‡bv nq| wewfbœ mnxn nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, wKqvg‡Zi w`b gvbyl wewfbœ bex-ivm~‡ji wbKU Mgb K‡i e¨_©
n‡q me©‡kl gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi wbKU Mgb Ki‡eb| wZwb mgMÖ gvbe RvwZi Rb¨ gnvb Avj­vni `iev‡i kvdvÔAvZ Ki‡eb,
gvbyl‡`i wePvi †kl K‡i †`Iqvi Rb¨|
(2) ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi kvdvÔAv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi D¤§v‡Zi A‡bK †MvbvnMvi‡K gv Ki‡eb|
(3) ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi kvdvÔAv‡Z A‡bK cvcx gymwjg Rvnvbœvg †_‡K gyw³ jvf K‡i Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡eb|
(4) D¤§v‡Z gynv¤§v`xi A‡bK †bKKvi gvbyl kvdvÔAvZ Ki‡eb|
(5) mš—vbMY Zv‡`i wcZvgvZv‡`i Rb¨ kvdvÔAvZ Ki‡e|
(6) KziAvb Zvi wZjvIqvZKvix I Abymvix‡`i Rb¨ kvdvÔAvZ Ki‡e|
(7) wmqvg I Ab¨vb¨ Bev`Z kvdvÔAvZ Ki‡e Ges Zv Keyj Kiv n‡e|
Dc‡ii AvqvZ I nv`xm¸wj †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cwi †h, kvdvÔAv‡Zi A_© GB bq †h, wdwikZvMY ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv ev›`v
B”QvgZ †Kv‡bv gvbyl‡K mycvwik Ki‡eb| †KD hw` †Kv‡bv wdwikZv ev Avj­vni †Kv‡bv m¤§vwbZ ev›`vi bv‡g gvbZ K‡i, Zuv‡K
mvR`v K‡i, Zuv‡K Wv‡K ev Zv‡K ÔP~ovš— fw³Õ K‡i Ges Avkv K‡i †h, Giƒc Kiv‡Z D³ wdwikZv ev m¤§vwbZ ev›`v Zvi Rb¨
mycvwik Ki‡eb Z‡e Zvi Giƒc Avkv KziAv‡bi Av‡jv‡Z gwiwPKvi wc‡Q †QvUv Qvov wKQzB bq| G e¨w³i kvdvÔAvZ jvf †Zv
`~‡ii K_v Zvi gvbZ, mvR`v, WvK ev P~ovš— ev A‡jŠwKK fw³‡ZÕ hw` †Kv‡bv wdwikZv ev Avj­vni m¤§vwbZ ev›`v mš‘wó †eva
K‡ib Z‡e Zv‡KI Avj­vn Rvnvbœv‡g kvw¯— w`‡eb e‡j †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb|
Abyiƒcfv‡e †KD hw` Avj­vn †_‡K wegyL _v‡K ev Cgvb weï× bv K‡i Ges Avj­vni mš‘wó AR©‡bi †Póv bv K‡i wKš‘
†Kv‡bv wdwikZv ev Avj­vni †Kv‡bv m¤§vwbZ ev›`v‡K we‡klfv‡e fvjev‡m, Zv‡K fw³-m¤§vb K‡i ev me©`v Zvi Rb¨ `yÔAv K‡i
Ges Avkv K‡i †h, D³ wdwikZv ev m¤§vwbZ ev›`v Zv‡K mycvwik K‡i Avj­vni Amš‘wó †_‡K iv Ki‡eb Z‡e evZzj Avkv Qvov
wKQzB bq|
cvš—‡i †KD hw` Cgvb I ZvInx` weï× K‡ib Ges Avj­vni mš‘wó AR©‡bi †Póv K‡ib, wKš‘ gvbexq `ye©jZvq ev
kqZv‡bi cÖ‡ivPbvq Kexiv †Mvbv‡n wjß n‡q c‡ob Z‡e gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi cÖwZ mš‘ó n‡j Zuvi †Kv‡bv m¤§vwbZ ev›`v‡K Zvi
Rb¨ kvdvÔAvZ Kivi AbygwZ cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| g~j welq Avj­vni mš‘wó| gnvb Avj­vn †Kv‡bv cvcx ev›`vi ZvInx` I Cgv‡b
mš‘ó n‡j wZwb wb‡RB Zuv‡K gv K‡i w`‡Z cv‡ib| A_ev Zuvi †Kv‡bv m¤§vwbZ ev›`v‡K m¤§vb K‡i Zvi Rb¨ kvdvÔAv‡Zi
AbygwZ w`‡Z cv‡ib|
gyÕZvwhjvMY kvdvÔAv‡Z Dhgv ¯^xKvi K‡i; KviY Zv Zv‡`i g~jbxwZi cwicš’x bq| cvcx gywg‡bi Rb¨ kvdvÔAvZ
welqK Ab¨vb¨ AvqvZ I nv`xm‡K Zviv kvdvÔAv‡Z Dhgv e‡j e¨vL¨v K‡i ev evwZj K‡i †`q| Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj
RvgvÔAv‡Zi AbymvixMY mnxn nv`x‡m cÖgvwYZ mKj cÖKv‡ii kvdvÔAv‡ZB wek¦vm K‡ib| Zuviv wek¦vm K‡ib †h, kvdÔAv‡Zi
gvwjKvbv GKgvÎ gnvb Avj­vniB| wZwb hvi Dci mš‘ó n‡eb Zvi Rb¨ wZwb `qv K‡i kvdvÔAv‡Zi e¨e¯’v K‡i w`‡eb|
wZwb hvi Dci mš‘ó _vK‡eb Zvi Rb¨ Zuvi AbygwZcÖvß †KD kvdvÔAvZ Ki‡j wZwb B”Qv Ki‡j Zv Keyj K‡i †MvbvnMvi
gywgb‡K gv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) G wel‡q Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi AvKx`v e¨vL¨v K‡i e‡jb:
ﻕـﺤ ﺏﺎﻘﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒﺠﻭﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻬﻨﻤ ﺭﺌﺎﺒﻜﻟﺍ لﻫﻷﻭ ﻥﻴﺒﻨﺫﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﻨﻤﺅﻤﻠﻟ � ﺎﻨﻴﺒﻨ ﺔﻋﺎﻔﺸﻭ ،ﻕﺤ
ﻡﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻴﺒﻨﻷﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻔﺸﻭ
ÒbexM‡Yi kvdvÔAvZ mZ¨| cvcx gywgbMY Ges Kexiv †MvbvnKvwiM‡Yi Rb¨, cv‡ci Kvi‡Y hv‡`i Rvnvbœvg cvIbv
n‡qwQj Zv‡`i Rb¨ wKqvg‡Zi w`b Avgv‡`i bex (�)-i kvdvÔAvZI mZ¨|Ó 602
4. 5. 10. RvbœvZ I Rvnvbœg
RvbœvZ I Rvnvbœg gvby‡li P~ovš— wVKvbv I Mš—e¨¯’j| KziAvb I nv`x‡m RvbœvZ I Rvnvbœv‡gi weeiY i‡q‡Q| Avgiv
B‡Zvc~‡e© e‡jwQ †h, KziAvb Kvix‡gi cÖvq cÖwZ c„ôv‡ZB AvwLivZ I RvbœvZ-Rvnvbœvg welqK wKQz K_v i‡q‡Q| GLv‡b `y-
GKwU AvqvZ D‡j­L KiwQ|
gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭ�ﺼ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﺩﺍ�ﺩ�ﺸ ﹲﻅﻼ�ﻏ ﹲﺔﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹸﺓ�ﺭﺎ�ﺠ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻫ�ﺩﻭﹸﻗ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﺎﹶﻨ �ﻡﹸﻜﻴ�ﻠ�ﻫَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻨَﺃ ﺍﻭﹸﻗ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌﹾﻔ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ
Ò†n gyÕwgbMY, †Zvgiv wbR‡`i‡K Ges †Zvgv‡`i cwievi-cwiRb‡K iv Ki AwMœ n‡Z, hvi BÜb n‡e gvbyl I cÖ¯—i,
hv‡Z wb‡qvwRZ Av‡Q wbg©gü`q, K‡Vvi-¯^fve wdwik&ZvMY, hviv Agvb¨ K‡i bv Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K hv Av‡`k K‡ib, Avi Zviv hv
Ki‡Z Avw`ó nq ZvB K‡i|Ó 603
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹴﺏﺍ�ﻭَﺃ
ﱢلـﹸﻜِﻟ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﻋﻭﹸﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﺩﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﻥﻴ�ﻘﱠﺘ�ﻤﹾﻠِﻟ ﹸﺔﱠﻨ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ �ﺕﹶﻔِﻟ�ﺯُﺃ�ﻭ �ﺩﻴﹺﺯ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ ْل�ﻫ ُلﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ�ﻭ �ﺕْﻸﹶﺘ�ﻤﺍ ِل�ﻫ �ﻡﱠﻨ�ﻬ�ﺠِﻟ ُلﻭﹸﻘﹶﻨ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ
152
ﺕﺒﺎﺜ

ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺩﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ
153
ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﺩﻭﹸﻠﹸﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ ﹴﻡﻼ�ﺴﹺﺒ ﺎ�ﻫﻭﹸﻠﹸﺨ�ﺩﺍ ﹴﺏﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤ ﹴﺏﹾﻠﹶﻘﹺﺒ �ﺀﺎ�ﺠ�ﻭ ﹺﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﺸﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻅﻴ�ﻔ�ﺤ
�ﺩﻴﹺﺯ�ﻤ
Ò†m w`b Avwg Rvnvbœvg‡K wRÁvmv Kie, ÔZzwg wK c~Y© n‡q wM‡qQ?Õ Rvnvbœvg ej‡e: ÔAviI Av‡Q wK?Õ Avi RvbœvZ‡K
wbKU¯’ Kiv n‡e gyËvKxM‡Yi, †Kv‡bv `~iZ¡ _vK‡e bv| GiB cÖwZkÖ“wZ †Zvgv‡`i‡K †`Iqv n‡qwQj cÖ‡Z¨K Avj­vn AwfgyLx
wndvhZKvixi Rb¨| hviv bv †`‡L `qvgq Avj­vn‡K fq K‡i Ges webxZwP‡Ë Dcw¯’Z nq| Zv‡`i‡K ejv n‡e, Ôkvwš—i mv‡_
†Zvgiv G‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki; Zv Abš— Rxe‡bi w`b|Õ †m_vq Zviv hv Kvgbv Ki‡e ZvB cv‡e Ges Avgvi wbKU i‡q‡Q Av‡iv
AwaK|Ó 604
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻪـﱠﻨَﺄﹶﻜ ﺎـ�ﻬ�ﻌﹾﻠﹶﻁ ﹺﻡﻴـ�ﺤ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ ِلـ�ﺼَﺃ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺝ�ﺭﹾﺨﹶﺘ ﹲﺓ�ﺭ�ﺠﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻬﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻥﻴ�ﻤِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻠِﻟ ﹰﺔﹶﻨﹾﺘ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻫﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ ﹺﻡﻭﱡﻗ�ﺯﻟﺍ ﹸﺓ�ﺭ�ﺠ ﹶﺸ �ﻡَﺃ ﻻ�ﺯﹸﻨ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫَﺃ
ﹴﻡﻴ�ﻤ�ﺤ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﺒ�ﻭﹶﺸﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻥﻭﹸﻁ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭُﺌِﻟﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻜَﻵ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ ﹺﻥﻴ�ﻁﺎ�ﻴﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﺱﻭ�ﺀ�ﺭ
ÒAvc¨vq‡bi Rb¨ G-B †kªq bv hv°zg e„? Rvwjg‡`i Rb¨ Avwg Zv m„wó K‡iwQ cixv ¯^iƒc| G e„ D`MZ nq
Rvnvbœv‡gi Zj‡`k n‡Z, Gi †gvPv †hb kqZv‡bi gv_v Zviv Zv n‡Z fY Kwi‡e, Ges D`i c~Y© Ki‡e Gi Øviv| Z`ycwi
Zv‡`i Rb¨ dzUš— cvwbi wgkªY|Ó 605
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹴﻥﻴ�ﻋ ﹴﺭﻭ�ﺤﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎﹶﻨ�ﺠ�ﻭ�ﺯ�ﻭ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻜ �ﻥﻴ�ﻠﹺﺒﺎﹶﻘﹶﺘ�ﻤ �ﻕ�ﺭ�ﺒﹶﺘ�ﺴِﺇ�ﻭ ﹴﺱ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﺴ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﺴ�ﺒﹾﻠ�ﻴ ﹴﻥﻭ�ﻴ�ﻋ�ﻭ �ﺕﺎﱠﻨ�ﺠ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹴﻥﻴ�ﻤَﺃ ﹴﻡﺎﹶﻘ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻴ�ﻘﱠﺘ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
�ﻭـ�ﻫ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻼ�ﻀﹶﻓ ﹺﻡﻴ�ﺤ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ �ﺏﺍﹶﺫ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ�ﻭ ﻰﹶﻟﻭُﻷﺍ ﹶﺔﹶﺘ�ﻭ�ﻤ ﹾﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ ﹶﺕ�ﻭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭﹸﻗﻭﹸﺫ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﺔ�ﻬ�ﻜﺎﹶﻓ ﱢلﹸﻜﹺﺒ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩ�ﻴ
�ﻡﻴ�ﻅ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺯ�ﻭﹶﻔﹾﻟﺍ
ÒgyËvKxiv _vK‡e wbivc` ¯’v‡b, D`¨vb I SY©vi gv‡S, Zviv cwiavb Ki‡e wgwn I cyi“ †ikgx e¯¿ Ges gyLvgyLx n‡q
em‡e| GBiƒc NU‡e; Zv‡`i‡K mw½bx w`e AvqvZ‡jvPbv ûi, †m_vq Zviv cÖkvš— wP‡Ë wewea dj g~j Avb‡Z ej‡e| cÖ_g
g„Zz¨i ci Zviv †m_vq Avi g„Zz¨ Av¯^v`b Ki‡e bv| Zv‡`i‡K Rvnvbœv‡gi kvw¯— n‡Z iv Kwi‡eb, †Zvgvi cÖwZcvjK wbR
AbyMÖ‡n| G-B †Zv gnv mvdj¨|Ó 606
Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) e‡jb:
. ﺍﺩﻤﺭﺴ ﻪﺒﺍﻭﺜﻭ
ﻲﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﷲﺍ ﺏﺎﻘﻋ ﻲﻨﻔﻴ ﻻﻭ ،ﺍﺩﺒﺃ
ﻥﻴﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻭﺤﻟﺍ ﺕﻭﻤﺘ ﻻﻭ ،ﺍﺩﺒﺃ
ﻥﺎﻴﻨﻔﺘ ﻻ ﻡﻭﻴﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﺘﻗﻭﻠﺨﻤ ﺭﺎﻨﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻨﺠﻟﺍﻭ
ÒRvbœvZ I Rvnvbœvg eZ©gv‡b m„ó Ae¯’vq i‡q‡Q (c~‡e©B Zv‡`i m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q|) RvbœvZ I Rvnvbœvg KL‡bvB wejyß n‡e
bv| AvqZ‡jvPbv n~iMY KL‡bvB g„Zz¨eiY Ki‡e bv| gnvb Avj­vni Abš—-wPi¯’vqx kvw¯— I cyi¯‹vi KL‡bvB wejyß n‡e bv|Ó 607
4. 5. 11. AvwLiv‡Z Avj­vni `k©b
Rvbœv‡Z gnvb Avj­vni `k©bB n‡e gywgbM‡Yi m‡e©v”P I †kªôZg wbqvgZ| KziAvb Kvix‡gi Ges AMwYZ nv`x‡m evisevi
G wbqvg‡Zi mymsev` cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹲﺓ�ﺭ�ﻅﺎﹶﻨ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﹲﺓ�ﺭ�ﻀﺎﹶﻨ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ
�ﻩﻭ�ﺠ�ﻭ
Ò†mw`b †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gyLgÊj D¾¡j n‡e, Zviv Zv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki w`‡K ZvwK‡q _vK‡e|Ó 608
AvwLiv‡Z gnvb Avj­vni `k©‡bi wel‡q ewY©Z nv`xm¸wj eû-msL¨K ev ÔgyZvIqvwZiÕ ch©v‡qi| GK nv`x‡m Ave~ ûivBiv
(iv) e‡jb:
ﻲـ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﺎـ�ﻀﹸﺘ ْل�ﻫ �ﻡ�ﻌﹶﻨ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﻯ�ﺭﹶﻨ ْل�ﻫ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻤ �ﺯ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﺴﺎﹶﻨُﺃ �ﻥﺇ
ﺎـ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﺀ�ﻭ�ﻀ ﹺﺭ�ﺩ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﹶﺔﹶﻠ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﹺﺭ�ﻤﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﺔ�ﻴْﺅ�ﺭ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﺎ�ﻀﹸﺘ ْل�ﻫ�ﻭ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﻻ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﺏﺎ�ﺤ�ﺴ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﺀ�ﻭ�ﻀ �ﺓ�ﺭﻴﹺﻬﱠﻅﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﹺﺱ�ﻤﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﺔ�ﻴْﺅ�ﺭ
ﻻ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﺏﺎ�ﺤ�ﺴ
Òbex (�)-Gi hy‡M wKQz gvbyl e‡j, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, Avgiv wK wKqvg‡Zi w`b Avgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK‡K †`Le? ZLb bex
(�) e‡jb: nü v| wØcÖn‡ii mgq Av‡jv‡Kv¾¡j AvKv‡k hw` †Kv‡bv †gN bv _v‡K Z‡e m~h© †`L‡Z wK †Zvgv‡`i †Kv‡bv Amyweav
nq? Zviv e‡jb: bv| wZwb e‡jb: cywY©gvi iv‡Z Av‡jv‡Kv¾¡j AvKv‡k hw` †Kv‡bv †gN bv _v‡K Zvn‡j wK Puv` †`L‡Z †Zvgiv
evavMÖ¯— nI? Zviv e‡jb: bv|Ó 609

Ab¨ nv`x‡m Ave~ mvC` Ly`ix (iv) e‡jb,
ﻻ ﺎـﹶﻨﹾﻠﹸﻗ ﺍ�ﻭ�ﺤ�ﺼ ﹾﺕﹶﻨﺎﹶﻜ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ ﹺﺭ�ﻤﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹺﺱ�ﻤﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﺔ�ﻴْﺅ�ﺭ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﺎ�ﻀﹸﺘ ْل�ﻫ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ
ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﻯ�ﺭﹶﻨ ْل�ﻫ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠﹸﻗ
ﺎ�ﻤﹺﻬ�ﺘ�ﻴْﺅ�ﺭ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﺎ�ﻀﹸﺘ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ ﻻِﺇ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺔ�ﻴْﺅ�ﺭ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﺎ�ﻀﹸﺘ ﻻ �ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ َلﺎﹶﻗ
ÒAvgiv ejjvg, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, Avgiv wK wKqvg‡Zi w`b Avgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK‡K †`Le? wZwb e‡jb, AvKvk cwi®‹vi
_vK‡j m~h© ev P›`ª †`L‡Z wK †Zvgv‡`i †Kv‡bv Kó nq? Avgiv ejjvg: bv| wZwb e‡jb: †mw`b †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK‡K †`L‡Z
†Zvgv‡`i †Kv‡bv Kó ev Amyweav n‡e bv, wVK †hgb P›`ª I m~h© †`L‡Z Amyweav nq bv|Ó 610
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Rixi Beby Avãyj­vn (iv) e‡jb:
ﺍﹶﺫـ�ﻫ �ﻥ�ﻭ�ﺭـﹶﺘ ﺎـ�ﻤﹶﻜ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻭ�ﺭﹶﺘ�ﺴ �ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻨِﺇ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﺭ�ﺩ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﹰﺔﹶﻠ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﹺﺭ�ﻤﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺭﹶﻅﹶﻨﹶﻓ �ﻡﱠﻠ�ﺴ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﱠﻠ�ﺼ �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﺎﱠﻨﹸﻜ
�ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻴْﺅ�ﺭ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﺎ�ﻀﹸﺘ ﻻ �ﺭ�ﻤﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ
ÒAvgiv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wbKU wQjvg| ivZwU wQj c~wY©gvi ivZ| wZwb Puv‡`i w`‡K ZvKv‡jb Ges ej‡jb: †Zvgiv
†hfv‡e G Puv`‡K †`LQ, †Kv‡bviƒc Amyweav n‡”Q bv, †mfv‡eB †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK‡K †`L‡e|Ó 611
G mKj AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K mvnvexMY I Zuv‡`i Abymvix Avnjym mybœv‡Zi AbymvixMY cÖZ¨‡qi mv‡_ wek¦vm K‡ib
†h, Rvbœv‡Z gywgbMY gnvb Avj­vn‡K `k©b Ki‡eb| LvwiRx, gyÕZvwhjx I mggbv †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv wdiKv AvwLiv‡Z gnvb Avj­vni
`k©‡bi K_v A¯^xKvi K‡i| KziAv‡bi wKQz AvqvZ I wKQz hyw³ Zv‡`i `wjj| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺭﻴﹺﺒﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﻑﻴ�ﻁﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﺭﺎ�ﺼ�ﺒَﻷﺍ �ﻙﹺﺭ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﺭﺎ�ﺼ�ﺒَﻷﺍ �ﻪﹸﻜﹺﺭ�ﺩﹸﺘ ﻻ
ÒwZwb `„wói AwaMg¨ bb, wKš‘ `„wókw³ Zuvi AwaMZ; Ges wZwbB m~²`k©x, mg¨K cwiÁvZÓ 612
Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb:
�ﻡﻴ�ﻜ�ﺤ �ﻲ�ﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻨﹾﺫِﺈﹺﺒ �ﻲ�ﺤﻭ�ﻴﹶﻓ ﻻﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ َل�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻴ �ﻭَﺃ ﹴﺏﺎ�ﺠ�ﺤ �ﺀﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ�ﺤ�ﻭ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻤﱢﻠﹶﻜ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﹴﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒِﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
Ò‡Kv‡bv gvby‡li Rb¨B m¤¢e bq †h, Avj­vn Zvi mv‡_ K_v ej‡eb Inxi gva¨g e¨wZ‡i‡K, A_ev c`©vi Aš—ivj
e¨wZ‡i‡K, A_ev Ggb `~Z †cÖiY e¨wZ‡i‡K, †h `~Z Zvi AbygwZµ‡g wZwb hv Pvb Zv e¨³ K‡ib, wZwb mgybœZ, cÖÁvgqÓ 613
g~mv (Av) hLb Avj­vn‡K †`L‡Z B”Qv cÖKvk K‡ib ZLb wZwb e‡jb:
ﻲﻨﺍ�ﺭﹶﺘ �ﻥﹶﻟ
ÒZzwg Avgv‡K †`L‡e bv|Ó 614
G mKj Avqv‡Zi wfwˇZ Zviv `we K‡ib †h, gnvb Avj­vn‡K AvwLiv‡Z `k©b Kiv m¤¢e bq; KviY wZwb `„wói
AwaMg¨ bb| Zviv Av‡iv hyw³ †ck K‡ib †h, gnvb Avj­vn ¯’vb-Kvj-cv‡Îi E‡aŸ©| Zv‡K †`Lv hv‡e e‡j wek¦vm Kivi A_©B
n‡jv Zv‡K ¯’v‡bi g‡a¨ mxgve× e‡j wek¦vm Kiv| GQvov gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb †h, wZwb †Kv‡bv wKQzi mv‡_ Zzjbxq bb|
Zuv‡K †`Lv hv‡e e‡j wek¦vm Kivi A_©B Zv‡K m„wói mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv| G mKj hyw³i wfwˇZ Zviv G welqK AvqvZ I
nv`xm wewfbœ e¨vL¨v I AvcwËi gva¨‡g evwZj K‡i †`b|
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© e‡jwQ †h, wek¦v‡mi welqwU MvBe ev A`„k¨ RM‡Zi mv‡_ mswk­ó| G‡‡Î Inxi Kv‡Q
AvZ¥mgc©bB gyw³i GKgvÎ c_| Inxi gva¨‡g Avgiv Rvwb †h, c„w_ex‡Z Avj­vn †Kv‡bv bexi mv‡_I †`Lv †`b bv Ges wZwb
`„wói AwaMg¨ bb| Avevi Inxi gva¨‡gB Avgiv Rvwb †h, wKqvg‡Z wKQz gvbyl Zv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki w`‡K ZuvwK‡q _vK‡eb
Ges gywgbMY Zv‡`i cÖwZcvjK‡K †`L‡eb| Avi GZ`yf‡qi g‡a¨ g~jZ †Kv‡bv ˆecixZ¨ †bB| hv wKQz ˆecixZ¨ Kíbv Kiv
nq Zv meB AvwLivZ ev MvBex RMZ‡K cvw_©e RM‡Zi gZ Kíbv Kivi dj Ges Inxi wbKU AvZ¥mgc©b bv Kivi cwiYwZ|
gnvb Avj­vni we‡klY‡K gvbexq we‡kl‡Yi Dci ÔwKqvmÕ K‡i ev gvbexq we‡kl‡Yi gZ g‡b K‡i `k©b I hyw³ w`‡q wePvi
Ki‡Z †h‡q Giv weåvwš—i ga¨ wbcwZZ n‡q‡Q| Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi AbymvixMY G wel‡q Zuv‡`i g~jbxwZi
Abymi‡Y mKj AvqvZ I nv`xm mgvbfv‡e wek¦vm K‡ib| KviY Dfq welqB Inxi gva¨‡g Avj­vn Rvwb‡q‡Qb| Avi Df‡qi
g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv msNl© ev my¯úó ˆecixZ¨ †bB| gvbexq Ávb AvwLiv‡Z Avj­vni `k©b Am¤¢e e‡j MY¨ K‡i bv| Kv‡RB
AvwLiv‡Zi `k©‡bi LywUbvwU welq gvbexq Kíbv w`‡q Abyave‡bi †Póv Kiv ev Zv A¯^xKvi Kiv weåvwš— ˆe wKQzB bq|
AvwLiv‡Z Avj­vni `k©‡bi wel‡q Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) e‡jb:
154
ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜ ﻻﻭ ﻪﻴﺒﺸﺘ ﻼﺒ ﻡﻬﺴﻭﺅﺭ ﻥﻴﻋﺄﺒ ﺔﻨﺠﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻫﻭ ﻥﻭﻨﻤﺅﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺍﺭﻴﻭ ،ﺓﺭﺨﻵﺍ
ﻲﻓ ﻱ�ﺭ�ﻴ
ﻲﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﷲﺍﻭ
ÒAvwLiv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn cwi`„ó n‡eb| Rvbœv‡Zi g‡a¨ Ae¯’vbKv‡j gywgbMY Zuv‡K `k©b Ki‡eb Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i Pg©Pz

Øviv| GB `k©b mKj Zzjbv I ¯^iƒc-cÖK…wZ wba©viY e¨wZ‡i‡K|Ó 615
G wel‡q Bgvg Zvnvex e‡jb: ÒRvbœvZevmx‡`i Rb¨ Avj­vni `k©b jvf mZ¨| Zv n‡e webv cwi‡eó‡b Ges Avgv‡`i
†evaMg¨ †Kv‡bv aib ev cÖK…wZ e¨ZxZ| Avgv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki MÖ‡š’ GB m¤ú‡K© ¯úó †NvlYv i‡q‡Q: Ò‡m w`b A‡b‡Ki gyL gÛj
D¾¡j n‡e, Zviv Zv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki cv‡b `„wógvb _vK‡e|Ó 616 G evYxi e¨vL¨v Avj­vn ZvÕAvjvi B”Qv I Zvui cÖ`Ë wkvi
wfwˇZ n‡e| G m¤ú‡K© ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi mnxn nv`x‡m hv ewY©Z Av‡Q Zv †hfv‡e wZwb e‡j‡Qb †m fv‡eB MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e
Ges Gi Øviv wZwb †h D‡Ïk¨ K‡i‡Qb Zv ¯^xKvi K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| G‡Z Avgiv wb‡R‡`i gZvgZ Abymv‡i Ace¨vL¨vi gva¨‡g ev
wb‡R‡`i cÖe„wËi ekeZx© n‡q †Kv‡bv A‡_©i AbycÖ‡ek NUve bv| KviY, Øx‡bi e&¨vcv‡i †Kej †mB e¨w³B åvwš— I c`öjb †_‡K
wbivc` _vK‡Z cv‡i †h gnvb Avj­vn I Zvui ivm~j (�)-Gi wbKU wb‡R‡K mgc©b K‡i Ges Zvui wbKU mskqhy³ wel‡qi mwVK
Ávb Gi ÁvZvi Dci †Q‡o †`q| c~Y© AvZ¥mgc©Y I ek¨Zv ¯^xKvi e¨wZ‡i‡K Kv‡iv Bmjvg cÖwZwôZ n‡Z cv‡i bv| myZivs †h
e¨w³ Ggb †Kv‡bv Ávb AR©‡b m‡Pó n‡e hv Rvbv Zvi Rb¨ wbwl× Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges hvi eyw× AvZ¥mgc©‡bi gva¨‡g Zzó nq bv †m
Lv‡jm ZvInx`, cwi”Qbœ Ávb I weï× Cgvb †_‡K `~‡i _vK‡e| GgZve¯’vq, †m Kzdix I Cgvb, mgc©b I A¯^xK…wZ Ges MÖnY I
cÖZ¨vL¨v‡bi gvSvgvwS cÖewÂZ, IqvIqvmvMÖ¯—, w`kvnviv I mskqx n‡q †`vUvbvq †`v`yj¨gvb †_‡K hvq| †m bv nq c~Y© mgc©K
gyÔwgb Ges bv nq `yp Awek¦vmx Kvwdi| RvbœvZ evmx‡`i m¤ú‡K© Avj­vn cv‡Ki `k©b jvf m¤ú‡K© Ggb †jv‡Ki Cgvb weï× n‡e
bv, †h GUv‡K Zv‡`i c‡ we‡kl Kíbvi welq g‡b Ki‡e ev ¯^xq Ávbvbymv‡i Gi Ace¨vL¨v Ki‡e| KviY, Avj­vni `k©b Ges
Zvui i“eyweq¨vZ m¤úwK©Z cÖwZwU wel‡qi mwVK e¨vL¨v n‡jv Gi e¨vL¨v †_‡K weiZ _vKv Ges Zv AweK„Zfv‡e MÖnY Kiv| GB
bxwZi DciB gymwjg‡`i ag© cÖwZwôZ| Avi, †h e¨w³ (Avj­vni ¸Yvejxi †‡Î) A¯^xK…wZ I Zzjbv Kiv n‡Z AvZ¥iv bv Ki‡e
Zvi Aek¨B c`öjb NU‡e Ges mwVKfv‡e Avj­vni cweÎZvq wek¦vm ¯’vc‡b e¨_© n‡e| †Kbbv, Avgv‡`i gnvgwng cÖfy Abb¨
AZzjbxq ¸Yvewji Øviv we‡kwlZ Ges GK‡Z¡i we‡kl‡Y wef~wlZ| wek¦‡jv‡Ki †KD Zvui ¸‡Y ¸Yvwš^Z bq|Ó 617
4. 5. 12. wKqvgv‡Zi c~e©vfvmmg~n
4. 5. 12. 1. wKqvg‡Zi mgq GKgvÎ Avj­vnB Rv‡bb
wKqvgZ ev gnv cÖjq I cybi“Ìvb Aek¨B Avm‡e| Z‡e Zvi wba©vwiZ mgq gnvb Avj­vn Qvov †KD Rv‡b bv| c„w_exi
eqm KZ n‡e, KLb wKqvgZ n‡e Zv GKgvÎ Avj­vnB Rv‡bb| KziAvb Kvix‡g welqwU evisevi ejv n‡q‡Q| GK¯’v‡b
Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤـ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲـ�ﻓ ﹾﺕـﹶﻠﹸﻘﹶﺜ �ﻭـ�ﻫ ﻻِﺇ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﺘﹾﻗ�ﻭِﻟ ﺎ�ﻬﻴﱢﻠ�ﺠ�ﻴ ﻻ ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻤﹾﻠ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ ْلﹸﻗ ﺎ�ﻫﺎ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎ�ﻴَﺃ �ﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻋ �ﻙﹶﻨﻭﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴ�ﻴ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺭﹶﺜﹾﻜَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻤﹾﻠ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ ْلﹸﻗ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻲ�ﻔ�ﺤ �ﻙﱠﻨَﺄﹶﻜ �ﻙﹶﻨﻭﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﹰﺔﹶﺘﹾﻐ�ﺒ ﻻِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜﻴ�ﺘْﺄﹶﺘ ﻻ ﹺﺽ�ﺭ َﻷﺍ�ﻭ
ÒZviv †Zvgv‡K wRÁvmv K‡i wKqvgZ KLb NU‡e| ej, ÔG wel‡qi Ávb ïay Avgvi cÖwZcvj‡KiB Av‡Q| ïay wZwbB h_vKv‡j
Zv cÖKvk Ki‡eb| Zv AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_ex‡Z GKwU fq¼i NUbv| AvKw¯§K fv‡eB Zv †Zvgv‡`i Dci Avm‡eÕ| Zzwg G wel‡q
mwe‡kl AewnZ g‡b K‡i Zviv †Zvgv‡K cÖkœ K‡i| ej, ÔG wel‡qi Ávb ïay Avj­vniB Av‡Q, wKš‘ AwaKvsk †jvK Zv ÁvZ
bq|Ó 618
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﺜ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﻴ �ﻥﺎ�ﻴَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻌﹾﺸ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ ْلﹸﻗ
Òej, ÔAvj­vn e¨ZxZ AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_ex‡Z †KDB MvB‡ei (A`„‡k¨i) Ávb iv‡L bv Ges Zviv Rv‡b bv Zviv KLb
cybi“wÌZ n‡e|Ó 619
Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎ�ﻫﺎﹶﺸﹾﺨ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺭ�ﺫﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ ﺎ�ﻫﺎ�ﻬﹶﺘﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎ�ﻫﺍ�ﺭﹾﻜ�ﺫ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻡﻴ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻫﺎ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎ�ﻴَﺃ �ﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻋ
�ﻙﹶﻨﻭﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴ�ﻴ
ÒZviv †Zvgv‡K wRÁvmv K‡i wKqvgZ m¤ú‡K©, ÔZv KLb NU‡e?Õ wKqvg‡Zi Av‡jvPbvi mv‡_ †Zvgvi wK m¤úK©? Gi
P~ovš— Ávb Av‡Q †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU| †h Zv fq K‡i Zzwg †Kej Zvi mZK©Kvix|Ó 620
4. 5. 12. 2. wKqvg‡Zi AvjvgZ ev c~e©vfvm
wKqvg‡Zi mgq Avj­vn gvbyl‡K Rvbvb wb, Z‡e wKqvg‡Zi wel‡q wKQz c~e©vfvm wZwb Rvwb‡q‡Qb| KziAvb Kvix‡g ejv
n‡q‡Q:
�ﻡ�ﻫﺍ�ﺭﹾﻜ�ﺫ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﺘ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﻰﱠﻨَﺄﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻬﹸﻁﺍ�ﺭﹾﺸَﺃ �ﺀﺎ�ﺠ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹰﺔﹶﺘﹾﻐ�ﺒ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻴ�ﺘْﺄﹶﺘ
�ﻥَﺃ ﹶﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹸﻅﹾﻨ�ﻴ ْل�ﻬﹶﻓ
ÒZviv wK †Kej GRb¨ A‡cv Ki‡Q †h, wKqvgZ Zv‡`i wbKU G‡m co–K AvKw¯§Kfv‡e? wKqvg‡Zi jYmg~n †Zv
155

G‡mB c‡o‡Q! wKqvgZ G‡m co‡j Zviv Dc‡`k MÖnY Ki‡e †Kgb K‡i?Ó 621
wKqvg‡Zi wel‡q KziAvb Kvix‡g I nv`xm kix‡d wewfbœ c~e©fvm D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q, †h¸wj gywgb mij Aš—Ki‡Y
mnRfv‡e wek¦vm K‡ib| KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K AvwjgMY G¸wj g‡a¨ wKQz welq‡K ÔAvjvgvZ myMivÕ ( ﻯﺭﻐـﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻼﻌﻟﺍ)
A_©vr Òz`ªZi AvjvgZÕ ev ÔmvaviY AvjvgZÕ Ges wKQz welq‡K ÔAvjvgvZ KzeivÕ ( ﻯﺭـﺒﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺎـﻤﻼﻌﻟﺍ) A_©vr Ôe„nËi AvjvgZÕ ev
we‡kl AvjvgZ e‡j D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb|
4. 5. 12. 3. AvjvgvZ myMiv
Dc‡ii Avqv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q †h, wKqvg‡Zi c~e©vfvmmg~n cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| G mKj c~e©vfv‡mi Ab¨Zg me©‡kl bex
gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi AvMgb| mvnj Beby mvwq` Avm mvwq`x e‡jb:
ﻰﹶﻁ�ﺴ�ﻭﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﺒﺎ�ﺒ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﺭﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﺘﺎ�ﻬﹶﻜ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻩ�ﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻩ�ﺫ�ﻬﹶﻜ ﹶﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﹸﺕﹾﺜ�ﻌ�ﺒ
Òivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi nv‡Zi ZR©bx I ga¨gv A½yjx GKwÎZ K‡i e‡jb: ÒAvwg †cÖwiZ n‡qwQ wKqvg‡Zi mv‡_ Gfv‡e
cvkvcvwk|Ó 622
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, LvZgyb byeyIqvZ ev byeyIqv‡Zi avivi cwimgvwß wKqvg‡Zi Ab¨Zg c~e©vfvm| wewfbœ nv`x‡m
wKqvg‡Zi Av‡iv A‡bK c~e©vfv‡mi K_v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| G mKj nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, wKqvg‡Zi c~‡e© Avie
DcØx‡c b`b`x cÖevwnZ n‡e Ges †Z-Lvgvi Qwo‡q co‡e| Biv‡Ki dzivZ b`xi Zj‡`k †_‡K ¯^Y© ev m¤ú` cÖKvwkZ n‡e, †h
Rb¨ fq¼i hy×weMÖn Qwo‡q co‡e| mvgwMÖKfv‡e gvby‡li RvMwZK DbœwZ NU‡e, RxebhvÎv DbœZ n‡e, Aí mg‡q gvbyl A‡bK
mg‡qi KvR Ki‡e, A_©‰bwZK DbœwZ e¨vcK n‡e, AwaKvsk gvbyl A_©‰bwZKfv‡e m”Qj I ¯^vej¤^x n‡q hv‡e| Z‡e gvby‡li wek¦vm
I avwg©KZv K‡g hv‡e, ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡ai e¨vcK Aeq NU‡e, cvc, AbvPvi BZ¨vw` e¨vcKfv‡e cÖmvi jvf Ki‡e, wg_¨v I fÊ
bexM‡Yi Avwef©ve NU‡e, nZ¨v, mš¿vm, I e„nr cwim‡ii hy× n‡Z _vK‡e| G mKj AvjvgvZ cÖKv‡ki GK ch©v‡q we‡kl
AvjvgZ¸wj cÖKvwkZ n‡e|
4. 5. 12. 4. AvjvgvZ Kzeiv
mvnvex ûhvBdv Beby Avmx` (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � Avivdv‡Zi gv‡V (we`vq n‡¾i mg‡q) Ae¯’vb KiwQ‡jb|
Avgiv Zuvi †_‡K wbPz ¯’v‡b Ae¯’vb KiwQjvg| wZwb Avgv‡`i w`‡K `„wócvZ K‡i e‡jb, †Zvgiv wK wel‡qi Av‡jvPbv KiQ?
Avgiv ejjvg: Avgiv wKqvg‡Zi Av‡jvPbv KiwQ| wZwb e‡jb
�ﻥﺎﹶﺨ�ﺩﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹺﺏ�ﺭ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺓ�ﺭﻴﹺﺯ�ﺠ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹲﻑ�ﺴﹶﺨ�ﻭ ﹺﺏﹺﺭﹾﻐ�ﻤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﹲﻑ�ﺴﹶﺨ�ﻭ �ﻕﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﹲﻑ�ﺴﹶﺨ �ﺕﺎ�ﻴﺁ �ﺭﹾﺸ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹶﺘ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹶﺘ ﻻ ﹶﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
ُلﻭ�ﺯـﹸﻨﻭ
،�ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ
ُل�ﺤ�ﺭﹶﺘ ﹴﻥ�ﺩ�ﻋ �ﺓ�ﺭ�ﻌﹸﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺝ�ﺭﹾﺨﹶﺘ �ﺭﺎﹶﻨ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒﹺﺭ ﹾﻐ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹺﺱ�ﻤﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻉﻭﹸﻠﹸﻁ�ﻭ �ﺝﻭ�ﺠْﺄ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺝﻭ�ﺠْﺄ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﹸﺔ�ﺒﺍ�ﺩ�ﻭ ُلﺎ�ﺠ�ﺩﻟﺍ�ﻭ
... �ﻡ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻤ ﹺﻥ�ﺒﺍ ﻰ�ﺴﻴ�ﻋ
Ò`kwU AvqvZ ev wb`k©b bv NUv ch©š— wKqvgZ n‡e bv: (1) c~e© w`‡K f~wgaŸm ev cÖvK…wZK wech©q (f~c„ô hgx‡bi
g‡a¨ Wy‡e hvIqv), (2) cwðgw`‡K f~wgaŸm ev cÖvK…wZK wech©q, (3) Avie DcØx‡c f~wgaŸm ev cÖvK…wZK wech©q, (4) aygª,
(5) `v¾vj, (6) f~wgi cÖvYx, (7) BqvR~R-gvR~R, (8) cwðg w`K †_‡K m~‡h©v`q, (9) G‡W‡bi f~Mf© †_‡K AwMœ wbM©Z n‡q
gvbyl‡`i‡K Zvwo‡q †bIqv Ges (10) Cmv Beby gwiqvg (Av)-Gi AeZiY|Ó 623
G mKj AvjvgZ m¤ú‡K we¯—vwiZ weeiY mn A‡bK mnxn nv`xm wewfbœ nv`xm MÖ‡š’ msKjb Kiv n‡q‡Q| KziAvb Kvix‡g
†Kv‡bv Avjvg‡Zi wel‡q Bw½Z ev D‡j­L i‡q‡Q| Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻗﻭ�ﻴ ﻻ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺘﺎ�ﻴَﺂﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻤﱢﻠﹶﻜﹸﺘ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹰﺔ�ﺒﺍ�ﺩ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺠ�ﺭﹾﺨَﺃ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ُل�ﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻊﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒhLb †NvwlZ kvw¯— Dnvw`‡Mi wbKU Avm‡e ZLb Avwg g„wËKv-Mf© n‡Z evwni Kie GK Rxe, hv Zv‡`i mv‡_ K_v ej‡e, GB
Rb¨ †h, gvbyl Avgvi wb`k©‡b Awek¦vmx|Ó 624
Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb:
ﺍﻭـﹸﻔﹶﻠﹶﺘﹾﺨﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻪ�ﺒﹸﺸ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻩﻭ�ﺒﹶﻠ�ﺼ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻩﻭﹸﻠﹶﺘﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻡ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﺒﺍ ﻰ�ﺴﻴ�ﻋ �ﺢﻴ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠﹶﺘﹶﻗ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻡﹺﻬِﻟ�ﻭﹶﻗ�ﻭ
�ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻜ�ﺤ ﺍ�ﺯﻴﹺﺯ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻌﹶﻓ�ﺭ ْل�ﺒ ﺎﹰﻨﻴ�ﻘ�ﻴ �ﻩﻭﹸﻠﹶﺘﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻥﱠﻅﻟﺍ �ﻉﺎ�ﺒﱢﺘﺍ ﻻِﺇ ﹴﻡﹾﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ
�ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻙﹶﺸ ﻲ�ﻔﹶﻟ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ
ﺍ�ﺩﻴﹺﻬﹶﺸ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜ�ﻴ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻭ�ﻤ َل�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻥﹶﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﻻِﺇ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ ِل�ﻫَﺃ
ÒAvi ÔAvgiv Avj­vni ivm~j gviqvg-Zbq Cmv gmxn‡K nZ¨v K‡iwQÕ Zvv‡`i (Bn~`x‡`i) G Dw³i Rb¨| A_P Zviv Zv‡K
nZ¨v K‡i wb, µzkwe×I K‡i wb; wKš‘ Zv‡`i Giƒc weåg n‡qwQj| hviv Zvi m¤^‡Ü gZ‡f` K‡iwQj Zviv wbðq G m¤^‡Ü
mskqhy³ wQj; G m¤ú‡K© Abygv‡bi AbymiY e¨ZxZ Zv‡`i †Kvb ÁvbB wQjbv| wbwðZ †h Zviv Zv‡K nZ¨v K‡i wb| eis Avj­vn&
Zv‡K Zvi wbKU Zz‡j wb‡q‡Qb Ges Avj­vn& civµgkvjx, cÖÁvgq| wKZvex‡`i g‡a¨ cÖ‡Z¨‡K Zvi g„Zy¨i c~‡e© Zv‡K wek¦vm Ki‡eB
156

Ges wKqvg‡Zi w`b †m Zv‡`i wei“‡× mv¨ w`‡e|Ó 625
G Avqv‡Z Cmv (Av)-Gi cybivMg‡bi cÖwZ Bw½Z Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zuvi cybivMg‡bi c‡i Zuvi g„Zz¨i Av‡M mKj wKZvexB
Zvi wel‡q mwVK Ávb jvf Ki‡e Ges Cgvb Avbqb Ki‡e|
BqvRyR gvRy‡Ri wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴ�ﺫـﱠﻟﺍ �ﺭﺎ�ﺼ�ﺒَﺃ ﹲﺔ�ﺼ�ﺨﺎﹶﺸ �ﻲ�ﻫ ﺍﹶﺫِﺈﹶﻓ ﱡﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ
�ﺩ�ﻋ�ﻭﹾﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﻗﺍ�ﻭ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﺴﹾﻨ�ﻴ ﹴﺏ�ﺩ�ﺤ ﱢلﹸﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﺝﻭ�ﺠْﺄ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺝﻭ�ﺠْﺄ�ﻴ ﹾﺕ�ﺤ�ﺘﹸﻓ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤِﻟﺎﹶﻅ ﺎﱠﻨﹸﻜ ْل�ﺒ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺔﹶﻠﹾﻔﹶﻏ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎﱠﻨﹸﻜ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻠ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻴ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﻜ
ÒGgb wK hLb qvÕRyR I gvÕRyR‡K gyw³ ‡`Iqv n‡e Ges Zviv cÖwZ D”Pf~wg n‡Z Qz‡U Avm‡e| A‡gvN cÖwZkÖ“ZKvj
Avmbœ n‡j AK¯§vr Kvwdiw`‡Mi Pz w¯’i n‡q hv‡e, Zviv ej‡e Ônvq, `y‡fv©M Avgvw`‡Mi! Avgiv †Zv wQjvg G wel‡q
D`vmxb; bv, Avgiv mxgvjsNbKvixB wQjvgÕ|Ó 626
Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) e‡jb:
ﺕﺎـﻤﻼﻋ ﺭﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻰﺴﻴﻋ لﻭﺯﻨﻭ ﺎﻬﺒﺭﻐﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺱﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﻠﻁﻭ ﺝﻭﺠﺄﻤﻭ ﺝﻭﺠﺄﻴﻭ
لﺎﺠﺩﻟﺍ ﺝﻭﺭﺨﻭ
ﻥﺌﺎﻜ ﻕﺤ ﺔﺤﻴﺤﺼﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺨﻷﺍ ﻪﺒ ﺕﺩﺭﻭ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ
ﻡﻭﻴ
Ò`v¾v‡ji ewnM©gb, BqvR~R I gvR~‡Ri ewnM©gb, A¯—Mg‡bi ¯’vb †_‡K m~‡h©i D`q nIqv, AvKvk †_‡K Cmv (Av)-Gi AeZiY
Ges wKqvg‡Zi Ab¨vb¨ mKj c~e©vfvm, hv mnxn nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, Zv meB mZ¨ Ges NU‡eB| gnvb Avj­vn hv‡K B”Qv mij c‡_
cwiPvwjZ K‡ib|Ó 627
GLv‡b Bgvg Ave~ nvbxd (ivn) wKQz Avjvg‡Zi K_v D‡j­L K‡i G wel‡q Avnjym mybœv‡Zi g~jbxwZ D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| Zv
n‡jv Ômnxn nv`x‡m hv wKQz ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Zv wek¦vm Kiv †g‡b †bIqv|Õ Bgvg Zvnvex (ivn) e‡jb: ÒAvgiv wKqvg‡Zi wb`k©bmg~n
wek¦vm Kwi, ‡hgb, `v¾v‡ji Avwefv©e, Cmv (Av)-Gi AeZiY, cwðg AvKvk w`‡q m~‡hv©`q Ges `veŸvZzj Avih (hgx‡bi Rxe)
bv‡g cwiwPZ GK we‡kl Rš‘i ¯^xq ¯’vb †_‡K ewnM©Z nIqv| Avgiv †Kv‡bv MYK, †R¨vwZlx ev fwel¨Ø³vi K_v wek¦vm Kwi bv|
Abyiƒcfv‡e Ggb †Kv‡bv e¨w³i K_v wek¦vm Kwi bv †h, Avj­vni wKZve, bexi mybœvZ I D¤§‡Z Bmjvgxi HK¨g‡Z¨i wecixZ wKQy
`vex K‡i|Ó 628
4. 6. ZvK`x‡ii wek¦vm
4. 6. 1. ZvK`x‡i wek¦v‡mi A_©
ÔKv`&iÕ I ÔKv`viÕ ( �ﺭ�ﺩـﹶﻘﻟﺍﻭ �ﺭ�ﺩـﹶﻘﻟﺍ) kã g~jZ cwigvc, cwigvb, gh©`v, kw³ BZ¨vw` eySvq| ZvK`xi A_© cwigvc Kiv,
wba©viY Kiv, mxgv wbY©q Kiv BZ¨vw`| 629 Bmjv‡gi cwifvlvq ÔCgvb wej Kv`viÕ ( ﺭ�ﺩـﹶﻘﻟﺎﺒ ﻥﺎـﻤﻴﻹﺍ) A_© Avj­vni Abvw`, Abš— I
me©e¨cx Ávb, Zuvi B”Qv Ges Zvui wbav©iY ev ZvK¡`x‡i wek¦vm Kiv| G we‡k¦i cwiPvjbv I wbqš¿‡Yi Rb¨ Avj­vn cÖwZwU m„wói Rb¨
†h myk„•Lj wbqg, Kvh©cÖYvjx ev e¨e¯’v wbav©iY K‡i w`‡q‡Qb Zv‡KB ZvK¡`xi ev Avj­vni wba©viY ejv nq| Avgiv wek¦vm Kwi †h,
GB we‡k¦i fvj g›`, Avb›`, K‡ói hv wKQz N‡U Zv meB Avj­vni Ávb I B”Qv Abymv‡i| Zvui Ávb I B”Qvi evB‡i wKQzB msNwUZ
nqbv| mewKQzB Avj­vn wba©vwiZ ÔcwigvcÕ ev ÔK¡v`viÕ-Gi g‡a¨ m„wó K‡i‡Qb| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹴﺭ�ﺩﹶﻘﹺﺒ �ﻩﺎﹶﻨﹾﻘﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﱠلﹸﻜ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ
ÒAvwg cÖ‡Z¨K wKQz m„wó K‡iwQ wbav©vwiZ cwigv‡c|Ó 630
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹴﺭﺍ�ﺩﹾﻘ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻩ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﱡلﹸﻜ�ﻭ �ﺩﺍ�ﺩ�ﺯﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡﺎ�ﺤ�ﺭَﻷﺍ �ﺽﻴ�ﻐﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﻰﹶﺜﹾﻨُﺃ ﱡلﹸﻜ ُل�ﻤ�ﺤﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
ÒcÖ‡Z¨K bvix hv M‡f© aviY K‡i Ges Rivqy‡Z hv wKQz K‡g I ev‡o Avj­vn Zv R‡bb Ges Zvui weav‡b cÖ‡Z¨K e¯‘iB GK wbwÏ©ó
cwigvY Av‡Q|Ó 631
Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb:
ﹴﻡﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌ�ﻤ ﹴﺭ�ﺩﹶﻘﹺﺒ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹸﻟ�ﺯﹶﻨﹸﻨ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﹸﻨِﺌﺍ�ﺯﹶﺨ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﻻِﺇ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒAvgviB wbKU Av†Q cÖ‡Z¨K e¯‘i fvÛvi Ges Avwg Zv cwiÁvZ cwigv‡YB mieivn K‡i _vwK|Ó 632
ZvK`x‡i wek¦vm‡K †K›`ª K‡i gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ A‡bK gZ‡f` I weåvwš— Rb¥ †bq| GLv‡b ZvK`x‡i wek¦v‡mi g~j
157

welq¸wj ms‡‡c D‡j­L KiwQ|
4. 6. 2. ZvK`x‡i wek¦v‡mi welqvewj
ZvK`x‡i wek¦v‡mi A_© wb‡gœi 5wU wel‡q wek¦vm Kiv:
4. 6. 2. 1. Avj­vni Abvw`, Abš— I me©e¨vcx Áv‡b wek¦vm
gymwjg wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Avj­vn me©Ávbx, me©Á| †Kv‡bv m„wói Áv‡bi mv‡_ Avj­vni Áv‡bi Zzjbv nqbv| m„wói
Av‡MB wZwb we‡k¦i mKj welq †Kv_vq wKfv‡e msNwUZ n‡e meB Rv‡bb| Zvui Áv‡bi †Kv‡bv cwieZ©b †bB|
4. 6. 2. 2. Avj­vni wjL‡b wek¦vm
Bmjvgx wek¦v‡mi Ask n‡jv †h, Avj­vn Zuvi Abvw`, Abš—, Amxg I me©e¨vcx Ávb ÔwKZv‡e gyexbÕ (my¯úó wKZve) ev
ÔjvI‡n gvndz‡RÕ (msiwZ c‡Î) wj‡L †i‡L‡Qb| wjL‡bi cÖK…wZ Avgiv Rvwbbv| KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b welqwU evisevi
D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
158
ﻲـ�ﻓ �ﺔـ�ﺒ�ﺤ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎـ�ﻬ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻِﺇ �ﺔﹶﻗ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹸﻁﹸﻘ�ﺴﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹺﺭ�ﺤ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﻻِﺇ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ ﹺﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ �ﺢ�ﺘﺎﹶﻔ�ﻤ �ﻩ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ�ﻭ
ﹴﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ ﹴﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻻِﺇ ﹴﺱﹺﺒﺎ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹴﺏﹾﻁ�ﺭ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ �ﺕﺎ�ﻤﹸﻠﹸﻅ
ÒA`„‡k¨i KzwÄ ZvuiB wbKU i‡q‡Q, wZwb e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †KD Zv Rv‡b bv| R‡j ¯’‡j hv wKQz Av‡Q Zv wZwbB AeMZ; Zvui
AÁvZmv‡i GKUv cvZvI c‡o bv; g„wËKvi AÜKv‡i Ggb †Kv‡bv km¨ KYvI †bB A_ev imhy³ wKsev ﮋ Ggb †Kvb e¯‘ †bB hv
my¯úó wKZv‡e †bB|Ó 633
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
ﺎـ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪـﻴ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭـ�ﻀﻴ�ﻔﹸﺘ ﹾﺫِﺇ ﺍ�ﺩﻭ�ﻬﹸﺸ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎﱠﻨﹸﻜ ﻻِﺇ ٍل�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹴﻥَﺁ�ﺭﹸﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﻭﹸﻠﹾﺘﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ﹴﻥْﺄﹶﺸ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ﹴﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ ﹴﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻻِﺇ �ﺭ�ﺒﹾﻜَﺃ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺭﹶﻐ�ﺼَﺃ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺓ�ﺭﹶﺫ ِلﺎﹶﻘﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﺏ�ﺯ�ﻌ�ﻴ
ÒZzwg †h †Kvb K‡g© iZ nI Ges Zzwg Zrm¤ú‡K© KziAvb n‡Z hv Ave„wZ Ki Ges †Zvgiv †h †Kvb KvR Ki, Avwg
†Zvgv‡`i cwi`k©K hLb †Zvgiv Zv‡Z cÖe„Ë nI | AvKvk gÛjx I c„w_exi AYy cwigvY I †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki A‡MvPi bq
Ges Zv A‡cv z`ªZi A_ev e„nËi wKQzB †bB hv my¯úó wKZv‡e †bB|Ó 634
Ab¨Î †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q:
ﹴﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ ﹴﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ﻲ�ﻓ ﱞلﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻋ�ﺩ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻫ�ﺭﹶﻘﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹸﻗ�ﺯﹺﺭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻻِﺇ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺔ�ﺒﺍ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
Òf~c„‡ó wePiYKvix mK‡ji RxweKvi `vwqZ¡ Avj­vniB; wZwb Zv‡`i ¯’vqx I A¯’vqx Ae¯’v m¤^‡Ü AewnZ; my¯úó wKZv‡e me
wKQzB Av‡Q|Ó 635
Avj­vn ZvevivKv I ZvÔAvjv Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﺭﻴ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻥِﺇ ﹴﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻥِﺇ ﹺﺽ�ﺭﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ �ﻡﹶﻟَﺃ
ÒZzwg wK Rvb bv †h, AvKvk I c„w_ex‡Z hv wKQz Av‡Q Avj­vn Zv AeMZ Av‡Qb? G mKjB Av‡Q GK wKZv‡e; Bnv Avj­vni
wbKU mnR|Ó 636
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb:
ﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ ﹴﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻻِﺇ ﹺﺽ�ﺭﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺔ�ﺒِﺌﺎﹶﻏ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒAvKvk I c„w_ex‡Z Ggb †Kv‡bv †Mvcb inm¨ †bB hv my¯úó wKZv‡e †bB|Ó 637
Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb:
ﹴﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ ﹴﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻻِﺇ �ﺭ�ﺒﹾﻜَﺃ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺭﹶﻐ�ﺼَﺃ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺓ�ﺭﹶﺫ ُلﺎﹶﻘﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﺏ�ﺯ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ
ÒAvKvkgÊjx I c„w_ex‡Z Zvi A‡MvPi bq AY~ cwigvY wKQz wKsev A`‡cv z`ª A_ev e„nr wKQy, eis Gm‡ei
cÖ‡Z¨KwUB (wjwce×) Av‡Q my¯úó wKZv‡e|Ó 638
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹴﺭ�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻤﹾﻠ�ﻌﹺﺒ ﻻِﺇ �ﻊ�ﻀﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ﻰﹶﺜﹾﻨُﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ ُل�ﻤ�ﺤﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﺠﺍ�ﻭ�ﺯَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﺔﹶﻔﹾﻁﹸﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﹴﺏﺍ�ﺭﹸﺘ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻘﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
�ﺭﻴ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻥِﺇ ﹴﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻻِﺇ �ﻩﹺﺭ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺹﹶﻘﹾﻨ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ
ÒAvj­vn †Zvgv‡`i m„wó K‡i‡Qb g„wËKv n‡Z, AZtci †Zvgv‡`i‡K K‡i‡Qb hyMj! Avj­vni AÁvZmv‡i †Kvb bvix Mf©aviY

K‡i bv Ges cÖmeI K‡i bv| †Kvb `xNv©qy e¨w³i Avqy e„w× Kiv nq bv A_ev Zvi Avqy n«vm Kiv nq bv, wKš‘ Zv †Zv i‡q‡Q ÔwKZv‡eÕ|
Zv Avj­vni Rb¨ mnR|Ó 639
Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb:
�ﺭﻴ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻥِﺇ ﺎ�ﻫَﺃ�ﺭ�ﺒﹶﻨ �ﻥَﺃ ِل�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹴﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻻِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻨَﺃ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺔ�ﺒﻴ�ﺼ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺏﺎ�ﺼَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ
Òc„w_ex‡Z A_ev e¨w³MZfv‡e †Zvgv‡`i Dci †h wech©q Av‡m Avwg Zv msNwUZ Kivi c~‡e©B wKZv‡e (wjwce×)
_v‡K; Avj­vni c‡ G LyeB mnR|Ó 640
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb:
ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡُﺃ �ﻩ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ�ﻭ ﹸﺕﹺﺒﹾﺜ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺤ�ﻤ�ﻴ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ٍل�ﺠَﺃ ﱢلﹸﻜِﻟ
ÒcÖ‡Z¨K wel‡qi wba©vwiZ Kvj wjwce×| wZwb hv B”Qv gy‡Q †d‡jb Avi hv B”Qv †i‡L †`b, Avi Zvi Kv‡QB Av‡Q D¤§yj
wKZve ev g~j MÖš’|Ó 641
4. 6. 2. 3. Avj­vni B”Qvq wek¦vm
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wb‡`©‡k Avgiv wek¦vm Kwi †h, GB gnvwe‡k¦ hv wKQz msNwUZ nq Zv meB Avj­vni B”Qvq I Zvi
Áv‡b| Zvui B”Qv I Áv‡bi evwn‡i GB gnvwe‡k¦i †Kv_vI mvgvb¨Zg †Kv‡bv NUbvI N‡Ubv| KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi Zv ejv
n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎ�ﺒﺍﹶﺫـ�ﻋ �ﻡـ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﺩ�ﻋَﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﻤِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ ُل�ﺨ�ﺩ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻜ�ﺤ ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﺀﺎﹶﺸﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ﺎ�ﻤﻴِﻟَﺃ
Ò†Zvgiv B”Qv Ki‡e bv, hw` bv Avj­vn B”Qv K‡ib| Avj­vn me©Á, cÖÁvgq| wZwb hv‡K B”Qv Zvui AbyMÖ‡ni Aš—f©y³
K‡ib, wKš‘ Rvwjgiv Zv‡`i Rb¨ †Zv wZwb cÖ¯‘Z K‡i †i‡L‡Qb gg©š‘` kvw¯—|Ó 642
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﺀﺎﹶﺸﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡﻴ�ﻘﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤِﻟ �ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹾﻠِﻟ �ﺭﹾﻜ�ﺫ ﻻِﺇ �ﻭ�ﻫ �ﻥِﺇ
ÒG †Zv ïay wek¦-RM‡Zi Rb¨ Dc‡`k| †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ †h mij c‡_ Pj‡Z Pvq Zvi Rb¨| †Zvgiv B”Qv Ki‡e bv,
hw` RMZmg~‡ni cÖwZcvjK Avj­vn B”Qv bv K‡ib|Ó 643
4. 6. 2. 4. Avj­vni m„wó‡Z wek¦vm
gywgb wek¦vm K‡ib †h, we‡k¦i mewKQzi mªóv Avj­vn| wZwb Qvov meB m„ó| gvby‡li Kg©I Avj­vn m„wó K‡ib| KziAvb
Kvix‡gi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b welqwU wewfbœfv‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ٌلﻴ�ﻜ�ﻭ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﱢلﹸﻜ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﻩﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋﺎﹶﻓ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﱢلﹸﻜ ﹸﻕِﻟﺎﹶﺨ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜِﻟﹶﺫ
ÒGB †Zv Avj­vn, †Zvgv‡`i cªwZcvjK; wZwb e¨ZxZ †Kvb Bjvn †bB; wZwbB me wKQzi mªóv; myZivs †Zvgiv Zvui
Bev`vZ Ki; wZwb me wKQzi ZË¡veavqK|Ó 644
�ﺭﺎ�ﻬﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭﹾﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﱢلﹸﻜ ﹸﻕِﻟﺎﹶﺨ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِلﹸﻗ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹸﻕﹾﻠﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﺒﺎﹶﺸﹶﺘﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﻘﹾﻠﹶﺨﹶﻜ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﺀﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﹸﺸ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ �ﻡَﺃ
ÒZ‡e wK Zviv Avj­vni Ggb kixK K‡i‡Q, hviv Avj­vni m„wói gZ m„wó K‡i‡Q, †h Kvi‡Y m„wó Zv‡`i g‡a¨ weåvwš—
NwU‡q‡Q! ej, Avj­vn mKj wKQzi mªóv; wZwb GK, civµgkvjx|Ó 645
ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻘﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
ÒGes Avj­vnB m„wó K‡i‡Qb †Zvgv‡`i‡K Ges †Zvgiv hv Ki Zv|Ó 646
4. 6. 2. 5. gvby‡li ¯^vaxb B”Qv I Kg©d‡j wek¦vm
gvby‡li ¯^vaxb B”Qv I Zvi B”Qvaxb Kg©d‡ji wek¦v‡mi Dc‡iB Bmjv‡gi Ab¨vb¨ wewaweav‡bi wfwË| gvbyl Zvi
¯^vaxb B”Qvq †h Kg© K‡i †m ïay ZviB cyi¯‹vi ev kvw¯— jvf K‡i| KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K cÖ‡Z¨K gywgb wek¦vm K‡ib
†h, gvbyl‡K Avj­vn we‡eK, wePvi kw³ I Ávb `vb K‡i‡Qb| gvbyl Zvi wbR B”Qvq Kg© K‡i| Z‡e Zvi Kg© Avj­vni Ávb I
B”Qv Abymv‡i msNwUZ nq| KziAvb Kvix‡gi gnvb Avj­vn evisevi Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h, wZwb gvbyl‡K Zvi ¯^vaxb B”Qv, we‡eK I
wePvieyw× w`‡q m„wó K‡i‡Qb| Kv‡RB †m Zvi wePvieyw× w`‡q †h Kg© Ki‡e Zvi dj †fvM Ki‡e| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
159

ﺍ�ﺭﻭﹸﻔﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤِﺇ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﻜﺎﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻤِﺇ َلﻴﹺﺒ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻩﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺩ�ﻫ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺼ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻌﻴ�ﻤ�ﺴ �ﻩﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠﹶﻓ �ﻪﻴ�ﻠﹶﺘ�ﺒﹶﻨ ﹴﺝﺎﹶﺸ�ﻤَﺃ �ﺔﹶﻔﹾﻁﹸﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎ�ﺴﹾﻨِﻹﺍ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻘﹶﻠﹶﺨ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ
ÒAvwg †Zv gvbyl‡K m„wó K‡iwQ wgwjZ ïµzwe›`y n‡Z, Zv‡K cixv Kivi Rb¨; G Rb¨ Avwg Zv‡K K‡iwQ kªeY I
`„wókw³m¤úbœ| Avwg Zv‡K c_ wb‡`©k w`‡qwQ, nq †m K…ZÁ n‡e, bv nq †m AK…ZÁ n‡e|Ó 647
ﹺﻥ�ﻴ�ﺩ�ﺠﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻩﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺩ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﺘﹶﻔﹶﺸ�ﻭ ﺎﹰﻨﺎ�ﺴِﻟ�ﻭ ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﻋ �ﻪﹶﻟ ْل�ﻌ�ﺠﹶﻨ �ﻡﹶﻟَﺃ
ÒAvwg wK Zvi Rb¨ m„wó Kwi wb `yÕPz? Avi wRn&ev I `y'Iô? Ges Avwg Zv‡K wK `yÕwU c_B †`LvB wb?Ó 648
ﺎ�ﻫﺎ�ﺴ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺏﺎﹶﺨ �ﺩﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻫﺎﱠﻜ�ﺯ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺢﹶﻠﹾﻓَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻫﺍ�ﻭﹾﻘﹶﺘ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻫ�ﺭﻭ�ﺠﹸﻓ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻤ�ﻬﹾﻟَﺄﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻫﺍ�ﻭ�ﺴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹴﺱﹾﻔﹶﻨ�ﻭ
Òkc_ gvby‡li Ges Zuvi, whwb Z‡K myVvg K‡i‡Qb| AZtci Zv‡K Zvi AmrKg© I Zvi mrK‡©gi Ávb `vb K†i‡Qb|
†mB mdjKvg n‡e, †h wbR‡K cweÎ Ki‡e| Ges †mB e¨_© n‡e, †h wbR‡K KjywlZ Ki‡e|Ó 649
ZvK`x‡i wek¦vm A_© Avj­vni Ávb I Avj­vni b¨vqcivqYZv Dfq we‡kl‡Y mgvbfv‡e wek¦vm Kiv| Avj­vni ZvK`xi
ev wba©vi‡Y Awek¦vm Ki‡j Avj­vni Ávb I gZvq Awek¦vm Kiv nq| Avi gvby‡li ¯^vaxb B”Qvq Awek¦vm Ki‡j Avj­vni
b¨vqcivqYZv I Ki“Yvq Awek¦vm Kiv nq| G Awek¦v‡mi ïi“ gnvb Avj­vni we‡klY I Kg©‡K gvby‡li we‡klY ev K‡g©i gZ
e‡j wek¦vm Kiv †_‡K| Avj­vni mKj we‡klY mgvbfv‡e cÖZ¨‡qi mv‡_ wek¦vm Ki‡j G wel‡q †Kv‡bv A¯úóZv _v‡K bv|
m¤¢eZ GKwU D`vni‡Yi gva¨‡g welqwU eySv‡bv hv‡e| Avj­vni wbav©iY n‡jv †h, wel g„Zz¨ Av‡b| gvbyl‡K Avj­vn
we‡eK I Ávb `vb K‡i‡Qb †h, wel g„Zz¨ Av‡b| GiciI †KD wel cvb Ki‡j †m g„Zz¨ eiY Ki‡e| Z‡e Zv Avj­vni B”Qv I
Ávb Abymv‡i NU‡e| Avj­vn Zuvi Abš— Áv‡b Rv‡bb †h, wbw`©ó e¨w³ wbw`©ó mg‡q †¯^”Qvq ev eva¨ n‡q ev bv †R‡b wel cvb
Ki‡e| wZwb Zuvi G Ávb ÔwKZve gyexbÕ ev ÔjvI‡n gvnd‚‡hÕ wjwce× K‡i‡Qb| wZwb B”Qv Ki‡j H e¨w³i B”Qv kw³ niY
K‡i Zv‡K welcvb †_‡K weiZ ivL‡Z cv‡ib, †Zgwb wZwb B”Qv Ki‡j we‡li wµqv bó K‡i welcvbKvix‡K g„Zz¨ ‡_‡K iv
Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avj­vni Ávb, wjLwb ev ZvK¡`xi I wbav©iY Abymv‡i welcvbKvixi g„Zz¨ Avm‡e A_ev Avm‡e bv| Ges
welcvbKvix welcv‡b Zvi B”Qv, Awb”Qv I Kg© Abymv‡i Kg©dj jvf Ki‡e|
4. 6. 3. ZvK`x‡ii wek¦v‡mi weK…wZ
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, MvBex wel‡q ev wek¦v‡mi wel‡q Inxi wkv‡K AvwiK I mij A‡_© wek¦vm bv K‡i
hyw³, ZK©, e¨w³MZ AwfgZ, cQ›`-AcQ›` BZ¨vw`i Av‡jv‡K wePvi, MÖnY, ms‡hvRb BZ¨vw` Kiv wek¦v‡mi †‡Î weåvwš—i g~j
KviY| g°vi KvwdiMY ZvK`xi wel‡q Giƒc wKQz weåvwš—i g‡a¨ wbcwZZ wQj| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺀ�ﻲـﹶﺸ �ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤ�ﺭ�ﺤ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨُﺅﺎ�ﺒَﺁ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﺤﹶﻨ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ �ﻭﹶﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻜ�ﺭﹾﺸَﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﻍﻼ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ ِل�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ْل�ﻬﹶﻓ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ َل�ﻌﹶﻓ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻜ
ÒgykwiKiv e‡j, ÔAvj­vn B”Qv Ki‡j Avgv‡`i wcZ…-cyi“‡liv I Avgiv; wZwb e¨ZxZ Aci †Kvb wKQzi Bev`vZ KiZvg
bv Ges Zvui AbyÁv e¨ZxZ Avgiv †Kvb wKQz wb‡la KiZvg bv|Õ Zv‡`i c~e©eZ©xiv Giƒc KiZ| ivmyj‡`i KZ©e¨ †Zv †Kej
my¯úó evYx cÖPvi Kiv|Ó 650
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﻰـﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻠ�ﺒـﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﺏﱠﺫﹶﻜ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻜ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤ�ﺭ�ﺤ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨُﺅﺎ�ﺒَﺁ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻜ�ﺭﹾﺸَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ �ﻭﹶﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻜ�ﺭﹾﺸَﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫ ﱠﻟﺍ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﺴ
�ﻭـﹶﻠﹶﻓ ﹸﺔﹶﻐِﻟﺎ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﺔ�ﺠ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠ�ﻠﹶﻓ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻥﻭ�ﺼ�ﺭﹾﺨﹶﺘ ﻻِﺇ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻥﱠﻅﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘﹶﺘ �ﻥِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻟ �ﻩﻭ�ﺠﹺﺭﹾﺨﹸﺘﹶﻓ ﹴﻡﹾﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ْل�ﻫ ْلﹸﻗ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺴْﺄ�ﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻗﺍﹶﺫ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺠَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜﺍ�ﺩ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ
Òhviv wkiK K‡i‡Q Zviv ej‡e, ÔAvj­vn hw` B”Qv Ki‡Zb Z‡e Avgiv I Avgv‡`i c~e©cyi“lMY wki&K KiZvg bv|Õ Gfv‡e
Zv‡`i c~e©eZxMYI Kzd&ix K‡iwQj, Ae‡k‡l Zviv Avgvi kvw¯— †fvM K‡iwQj| ej, Ô‡Zvgv‡`i wbKU †Kvb ÔBjgÕ
Av‡Q? _vK‡j Avgvi wbKU Zv †ck Ki; †Zvgiv ïay aviYviB AbymiY Ki Ges ïay wg_¨vB ej| ej, ÔPzovš— cÖgvY †Zv
Avj­vniB; wZwb hw` B”Qv Ki‡Zb Z‡e †Zvgv‡`i mKj‡K mr c‡_ cwiPvwjZ Ki‡Zb|Ó 651
Kvwdi‡`i G weK…wZi †‡Î Avgiv K‡qKwU welq j¨ Kwi| KvwdiMY e‡j‡Q: ÒAvj­vn PvB‡j Avgiv Giƒc KiZvg
bvÓ| G K_v Øviv Zviv eySv‡”Q †h, Avgiv †h wkiK KiwQ Zv Avj­vni B”Qv Abyhvqx n‡”Q Ges Avj­vn G‡Z mš‘ó i‡q‡Qb|
Kv‡RB G Kv‡Ri cÖwZev` Kiv ev G‡K Ab¨vq ejv hvq bv|
gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb: Ò‡Zvgv‡`i wbKU ÔBjgÕ _vK‡j Zv †`LvI|Ó A_©vr †Zvgiv Avj­vni wel‡q hv ejQ Zv Inxi
gva¨‡g cÖvß †Kv‡bv Bjg ev wKZv‡e _vK‡j Zv †`LvI| †Zvgiv hv ejQ Zv Inxi Ávb bq, eis Zv hyw³-ZK© wfwËK ÔaviYvÕ
160

gvÎ| Avi cÖK…Zc‡ Zv Avj­vni bv‡g wg_¨v| Gici Avj­vn Inxi ÁvbwU Rvwb‡q w`‡jb, Zv n‡jv: ÒwZwb hw` B”Qv Ki‡Zb
Z‡e †Zvgv‡`i mKj‡K mr c‡_ cwiPvwjZ Ki‡Zb|Ó
GLv‡b Inxi Ávb: ÒAvj­vn PvB‡j †Zvgv‡`i mKj‡K wn`v‡qZ Ki‡Zb|Ó Inxi Ab¨vb¨ wb‡`©kbvi Av‡jv‡K Avj­vni
G evYxi A_©: Avj­vn wkiK AcQ›` K‡ib Ges Cgvb‡K cQ›` K‡ib Zv †Zvgv‡`i‡K Inxi Ávb I we‡e‡Ki wb‡`©kbvi
gva¨‡g Rvwb‡q‡Qb| Z‡e †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i ¯^vaxb B”Qv I Kg©kw³‡K Ace¨envi K‡i Kzdix K‡iQ| Avj­vn B”Qv Ki‡j
†Zvgv‡`i‡K wdwi‡q w`‡Z cvi‡Zb| Z‡e †Zvgv‡`i Aeva¨Zvi Kvi‡Y †Zvgiv †m `qv I Ki“Yv †_‡K ewÂZ n‡qQ|
Avi Kvwdi‡`i `vwe: ÒAvj­vn PvB‡j Avgiv cvc KiZvg bv|Ó Kvwdi‡`i `vwe Inxi weK…wZ I Inx‡K wb‡R‡`i gwh© gZ
e¨vL¨vi dj| Zviv Inxi Ab¨ mKj wb‡`©kbv ev` w`‡q `y GKwU wb‡`©kbv‡K wb‡R‡`i gwh© gZ e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i hyw³ Avgiv
wbgœfv‡e mvRv‡Z cvwi: Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb: ÔwZwb PvB‡j Avgv‡`i‡K †n`vqvZ Ki‡Zb|Õ G‡Z eySv hvq †h wZwb PvB‡j Avgiv wkiK
KiZvg bv| G‡Z eySv hvq †h, wZwb Pvb e‡jB Avgiv wkiK Kwi| G‡Z eySv hvq †h, Avgv‡`i K‡g© mš‘ó|Ó Kvwdiiv †h `vwe
Ki‡Q ûeû †m K_v †Kv‡bvfv‡e †Kv‡bv Inxi wkvq †bB| Zv Inxi gbMov e¨vL¨v, hyw³-ZK© wbf©i ÔaviYvÕ Ges Avj­vni bv‡g
wg_¨v ejv gvÎ|
GLv‡b Avj­vn Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h, G mKj gbMov ZK© weZ‡K©i g‡a¨ cÖ‡ek Kiv ivm~‡ji `vwqZ¡ bq| eis Inxi ûeû
wkv Zv‡`i‡K Rvwb‡q †`IqvB Zuvi `vwqZ¡|
4. 6. 4. Bmjvgx ZvK¡`x‡i wek¦v‡mi ¸i“Z¡ I DcKvwiZv
Bmjvgx ZvK¡`x‡i wek¦vm I A‰bmjvwgK fv‡M¨ wek¦vm‡K A‡bK mgq GK K‡i †djv nq| A‡b‡K g‡b K‡ib
fvM¨ Abymv‡iB hLb mewKQz n‡e ZLb K‡g©i wK `iKvi| Avgiv †`Ljvg †h, G mKj wPš—v Inxi weK…wZ I hyw³-ZK© wfwËK
ÔaviYvÕ gvÎ, g°vi Kvwdi‡`i aviYvi gZB GKwU weK…Z aviYv gvÎ|
†h Awek¦vmx ZvK¡`xi wb‡q weev` K‡i, ZvK¡`x‡ii †`vnvB w`‡q Kg© †Q‡o †`q †m g~jZ wb‡R‡K Avj­vni K‡g©i
cwi`k©K I wePviK wb‡qvM K‡i‡Q| †m ej‡Z Pvq, Kg© Kiv Avgvi `vwqZ¡ bq, Avgvi KvR n‡jv Avj­vni Kv‡Ri wePvi
Kiv|
Avi gywg‡bi wek¦vm, Avj­vni K‡g©i wePvi Kiv gvby‡li Kg© bq| wZwb wK Rv‡bb, wK wj‡L‡Qb, wK gy‡Qb Avi wK †i‡L
†`b wKQzB gvbyl‡K Rvbvbwb| KviY, Gme Rvbv gvby‡li †Kv‡bv Kj¨v‡Y Avm‡ebv| Gme wKQzB Zuvi gnvb i“e~weq¨v‡Zi
Ask| gvby‡li `vwqZ¡ Avj­vni ingZ I Ki“Yvi Dc‡i Av¯’v †i‡L Avj­vni wb‡`©k gZ Kg© Kiv, djvd‡ji Rb¨ D‡ØM ev
DrKÉv g‡b ¯’vb bv ‡`Iqv| Bmjv‡gi ZvK¡`x‡i wek¦vm gymwjg‡K Kg©g~Lx K‡i ‡Zv‡j, KLbB Kg©weg~L K‡ibv| ZvK¡`x‡i
wek¦v‡mi d‡j gvbyl mKj nZvkv, Aemv` I `ywðš—v †_‡K gyw³ cvq| gymwjg Rv‡b †h, Zvi `vwqZ¡ Kg© Kiv, djvd‡ji Rb¨
`ywðš—v ev DrKÉv Zvi Rxe‡b A_©nxb, KviY djvd‡j `vwqZ¡ Ggb GK mËvi nv‡Z whwb Zv‡K Zvi wb‡Ri †P‡qI fvj
Rv‡bb, fvjev‡mb, whwb `qvgq, whwb KvD‡K Ryjyg K‡ib bv| whwb Zuvi ev›`v‡K K‡g©i †P‡q †ewk cyi¯‹vi w`‡Z Pvb| ZvB
gywgb DrKÉv gy³ n‡q Kg© K‡ib|
ZvK¡`x‡ii wek¦vm gymwjg‡K AnsKvi, AwZDj­vm I nZvkv †_‡K iv K‡i| Zvi Rxe‡b mdjZv ev wbqvgZ Avm‡j †m
AnsKvix n‡q D‡Vbv| †m Rv‡b Avj­vni B”Qvq I ing‡ZB †m mdjZv jvf K‡i‡Q| Zvi ü`q Kvbvq Kvbvq f‡i I‡V
K…ZÁZvq| K…ZÁ ü`q Avi AnsKvix ü`‡qi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q gvbweK I cvkweK ü`‡qi cv_©K¨|
Aciw`‡K gywgb e¨_©Zvq ev civR‡q nZvk nq bv| †m wek¦vm K‡i †h, Avj­vni B”Qv I Ávb Abyhvqx †m dj
†c‡q‡Q, wbðq Gi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv Kj¨vY wbwnZ i‡q‡Q| †m Rv‡b †h, Zvi cÖ‡Póv I K‡g©i Rb¨ †m Aek¨B Avj­vni Kv‡Q
cyi¯‹vi jvf Ki‡e| Kv‡RB †m nZvk bv n‡q wb‡Ri K‡g©i fzj `~i K‡i Avj­vni wb‡`©k gZ †Póv Ki‡Z _v‡K, djvd‡ji
`vwqZ¡ Avj­vni Dci †Q‡o †`q|
ZvK¡`x‡i wek¦v‡mi dj Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB G wek¦vm me©cÖ_g hv‡`i Rxe‡b G‡mwQj Zuv‡`i Rxe‡b, ivm~jyj­vn � I Zuvi
mvnvexM‡Yi Rxe‡b| Avgiv †`‡LwQ ZvK¡`x‡ii Dci me‡P‡q `„p cÖZ¨q wQj gnvbex (�)-Gi, Avi ZvB wZwb me‡P‡q wQ‡jb †ewk
`„p cÖZ¨qx Kg©exi| wZwb Zvi mva¨gZ Kg© K‡i‡Qb, Avj­vni Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv K‡i‡Qb Zvi Ki“Yvi Rb¨, Avi djvd‡ji fvi †Q‡o
w`‡q‡Qb Zvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki Kv‡Q| wVK †Zgwb AKy‡Zvfq `ypcÖZ¨qx Kg©exi wQ‡jb Zvui mvnvexMY, ZvK¡`x‡i wek¦vm Zv‡`i mKj
mskq, fq, `ywðš—v `~i K‡i wek¦R‡q †cÖiYv RywM‡q‡Q|
G wek¦v‡mi Rb¨B AwZ bMb¨ msL¨K wek¦vmx gymwjg wecyj msL¨K Awek¦vmxi wei“‡× AKz‡Zvf‡q `uvov‡Z †c‡i‡Qb|
GBiƒc AKz‡Zvfq kw³kvjx ZvK¡`x‡i wek¦vmx Kg©exi gywgb‡K Avj­vn fvjev‡mb, hvi ZvK¡`x‡i wek¦vm Zv‡K civR‡qi nZvkv, nv
ûZvk I M­vwb †_‡K iv K‡i| AZx‡Zi civRq ev e¨_©Zv wb‡q whwb Avd‡mvm ev nv-ûZvk K‡ib bv, Avevi fwel¨‡Zi civR‡qi
`ywðš—vI Zv‡K wØavwš^Z Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| eis mKj civRq cv‡q `‡j ZvK`x‡ii wek¦v‡m ejxqvb n‡q wZwb mvg‡b GwM‡q hvb|
Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻌﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﻌﹶﻔﹾﻨ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺹﹺﺭ�ﺤﺍ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨ ﱟلﹸﻜ ﻲ�ﻓ�ﻭ �ﻑﻴ�ﻌ�ﻀﻟﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺏ�ﺤَﺃ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨ
�ﻱﹺﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ
ﹺﻥﺎﹶﻁ�ﻴﱠﺸﻟﺍ َل�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﺢﹶﺘﹾﻔﹶﺘ �ﻭﹶﻟ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ َل�ﻌﹶﻓ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﺩﹶﻗ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﺍﹶﺫﹶﻜ�ﻭ ﺍﹶﺫﹶﻜ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﹸﺕﹾﻠ�ﻌﹶﻓ ﻲﱢﻨَﺃ �ﻭﹶﻟ ْلﹸﻘﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ �ﻙ�ﺒﺎ�ﺼَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺯ�ﺠ�ﻌﹶﺘ
Òkw³kvjx gywgb Avj­vni wbKU `~e©j gywgb †_‡K ‡ewk wcÖq I †ewk fvj, Z‡e Zv‡`i Df‡qi g‡a¨ Kj¨vY i‡q‡Q|
†Zvgvi hv‡Z Kj¨vY I g½j i‡q‡Q †m wel‡q AvMªnx I m‡Pó nI Ges Avj­vni mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Ki| Ag, `~e©j ev nZvk
161

n‡q †hIbv| hw` †Zvgvi wKQz nq (hw` Zzwg Avkvbyiƒc dj bv cvI ev e¨_© nI) Z‡e KL‡bv ej‡ebv: nvq, hw` Avwg H KvR
KiZvg ev †mB KvR KiZvg Zvn‡j nqZ Giƒc n‡Zv.. (AZx‡Zi e¨v_©Zv wb‡q nv ûZvk Ki‡e bv) eis (ZvK¡`x‡ii wek¦v‡mi
ejxqvb n‡q) ej‡e: Avj­vni ZvK¡`x‡i hv wQj n‡q‡Q, Avj­vni hv gwR© n‡q‡Q ZvB K‡i‡Qb| KviY, AZxZ‡K wb‡q
Avd‡mvm K‡i Òhw` H KvR KiZvg Z‡e nqZ Giƒc n‡ZvÓ-G ai‡bi K_v kqZv‡bi `iRv Ly‡j †`q|Ó 652
ZvK¡`x‡i wek¦vm ü`‡qi `iRv kqZv‡bi Rb¨ eÜ K‡i †`q| †mLv‡b kqZvb nZvkv ev Aemv‡`i exR ecb Ki‡Z
cv‡i bv| Avj­vni Avgv‡`i mevB‡K Cgvb `vb Ki“b| Avgv‡`i‡K Cgv‡bi kw³‡Z, K‡g©i kw³‡Z, †`‡ni kw³‡Z, Áv‡bi
kw³‡Z kw³kvjx K‡i Zvui wcÖq kw³kvjx gywgb nIqvi ZvIwdK `vb Ki“b| Avwgb|
ZvK`x‡i wek¦v‡mi wel‡q Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) e‡jb: ÒAvj­vn ZvÔAvjv `qv I †g‡nievbx c~e©K hv‡K B”Qv myc_
cÖ`k©b K‡ib| Avi wZwb b¨vqcivqYZv c~e©K hv‡K B”Qv weåvš— K‡ib| weåvš— Kivi A_© mvnvh¨ cwiZ¨vM Kiv| mvnvh¨
cwiZ¨v‡Mi e¨vL¨v GB †h, gnvb Avj­vn †m ev›`v‡K Zuvi mš‘wói cÖwZ ZvIdxK cÖ`vb K‡ib bv| welqwU Zuvi b¨vqcivqYZvi
cÖKvk| Abyiƒcfv‡e †h cvcx‡K wZwb cvcv I Aeva¨Zvi Kvi‡Y cwiZ¨vM K‡i‡Qb Zvi cv‡ci Kvi‡Y kvw¯— cÖ`vbI Zuvi
b¨vqcivqYZvi cªKvk| Avgv‡`i Rb¨ G K_v ejv ˆea bq †h, kqZvb Rei`w¯— K‡i ev †Rvi K‡i gywgb ev›`vi Cgvb †K‡o
†bq| eis Avgvi ewj: ev›`v Zvi Cgvb cwiZ¨vM K‡i, ZLb kqZvb Zv Zvi †_‡K wQwb‡q †bq|Ó 653
Ògnvb Avj­vn m„óRMZ m„wó K‡i‡Qb Cgvb I Kzdi †_‡K wegy³ Ae¯’vq| AZtci wZwb Zv‡`i‡K m‡¤^vab K‡i‡Qb
Ges Av‡`k I wb‡la cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| †h e¨w³ Kzd&ix K‡i‡Q †m wb‡Ri Kg© Øviv, A¯^xKvi K‡i, mZ¨‡K Agvb¨ K‡i Ges
Avj­vni mvnvh¨, ingZ I ZvIdxK †_‡K ewÂZ n‡q Kzd&ix K‡i‡Q| Avi †h e¨w³ Cgvb G‡b‡Q †m Zvi Kg© Øviv, ¯^xK…wZ
Øviv, mZ¨ e‡j †NvlYv K‡i Ges Avj­vni ZvIdxK I mvnvh¨ jv‡fi gva¨‡g Cgvb G‡b‡Q| wZwb Av`‡gi wcV †_‡K Zuvi
eskai‡`i‡K cigvYyi AvK…wZ‡Z †ei K‡i Zv‡`i‡K m‡¤^vab K‡ib| wZwb Zv‡`i‡K Cgv‡bi wb‡`©k †`b Ges Kzd&i †_‡K
wb‡la K‡ib| Zviv Zuvi i“e~weq¨v‡Zi ¯^xK…wZ w`‡q‡Q| G wQj Zv‡`i c †_‡K Cgvb| Av`g mš—vbMY GB wdZiv‡Zi
Dc‡iB Rb¥jvf K‡i| Gici †h Kzd&ix K‡i †m wb‡R‡K cwieZ©b K‡i I weK…Z K‡i| Avi †h Cgvb Av‡b Ges mZ¨Zvi
†NvlYv †`q †m Zvi cÖK…wZMY Cgv‡bi Dc‡i cÖwZwôZ _v‡K| wZwb Zuvi m„wói KvD‡K Kzdix Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡ib wb Ges Cgvb
Avb‡ZI eva¨ K‡ib wb| wZwb KvD‡K gywgb-iƒ‡c ev Kvwdi-iƒ‡c m„wó K‡ib wb| wZwb Zv‡`i‡K e¨w³-iƒ‡c m„wó K‡i‡Qb|
Cgvb I Kzd&i ev›`v‡`i Kg©| Kvwdi‡K Avj­vn Zvi Kzdix Ae¯’vq Kvwdi wn‡m‡eB Rv‡bb| hLb †m Gici Cgvb Avbqb
K‡i ZLb Avj­vn Zv‡K Zvi Cgv‡bi Ae¯’vq gywgb wn‡m‡e Rv‡bb Ges fvjev‡mb| Avi G‡Z Avj­vni Ávb I we‡kl‡Y
†Kv‡bv cwieZ©b nq bv| ev›`v‡`i mKj Kg© I wb®‹g©Zv- Ae¯’vb I mÂjb meB cÖK…Zfv‡e Zv‡`i DcvR©b, Avj­vn ZvÔAvjv
Zvi mªóv| G meB Zuvi B”Qvq, Áv‡b, dqmvjvq I wba©vi‡Y| Avj­vni AvbyM‡Z¨i mKj Kg© Avj­vni wb‡`©k Abymv‡i Ri“ix
Ges Zv Avj­vni gneŸZ, mš‘wó, Ávb, B”Qv, dqmvjv I wba©viY Abymv‡i| mKj cvcKg© Avj­vni Ávb, dqmvjv, wba©viY I
B”Qvi g‡a¨ msNwUZ, Z‡e Zv Avj­vni gneŸZ, mš‘wó Ges Avj­vni wb‡`©k Abymv‡i msNwUZ bq|Ó 654
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K ZvK`x‡ii wel‡q KziAvb-mybœvni wb‡`©kbv Ges Ges Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi wek¦vm
Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ| GLv‡b g~j welq, ev›`vi wb‡Ri `vwqZ¡ Abyfe Kiv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb, ev›`v Zzwg Kg© Ki, Avwg
KL‡bvB Kv‡iv Kg©dj bó Kie bv, Kv‡iv Dci Ryjyg Kie bv, cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Zvi cÖ‡Z¨K Kv‡Ri dj `vb Kie| Avevi wZwb
e‡j‡Qb, ev›`v Avwg Rvwb Zzwg wK Ki‡e, Avwg B”Qv Ki‡j †Zvgvi Kg© cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cvwi Ges Avgvi B”Qvi wei“‡× Zzwg
†h‡Z cvi bv| GLb ev›`vi mvg‡b `ywU weKí: GKRb ev›`v Rv‡b †h Avj­vn meB Rv‡bb Ges Zuvi B”Qvi evB‡i wKQzB nq
bv, †m GI Rv‡b †h Avj­vn Zv‡K Kg© Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| GLb Zvi g‡b bvbb cÖkœ| Avj­vn hLb meB Rv‡bb Zvn‡j
Avi Kó K‡i wK jvf| Avj­vn KvR Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb e‡U, Z‡e Zv‡Z Kx jvf n‡e? Avj­vni Bj‡g Kx Av‡Q Avgvi wel‡q?
Gfv‡e ev›`v Avj­vn Ávb I K‡g©i wnmve MÖn‡Y e¨¯— n‡q c‡o Ges wb‡Ri `vwq‡Z¡ Ae‡njv K‡i| G ev›`v g~jZ Avj­vni
wb‡`‡k©I wek¦vm K‡i wb Ges Avj­vni Iqv`v‡ZI wek¦vm K‡iwb| †m wb‡R‡K Avj­vni Kv‡Ri wnmve MÖnYKvix e‡j g‡b
K‡i‡Q| wbtm‡›`‡n †m aŸsmMÖ¯—|
Ab¨ GKRb ev›`v Rv‡b †h, Avj­vn meB Rv‡bb Ges Zuvi B”Qvi evB‡i wKQzB nq bv, †m GI Rv‡b †h Avj­vn Zv‡K
Kg© Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| †m Rv‡b Avj­vni gnvb Ávb I B”Qvi cÖK…wZ Abyaveb Kiv Avgvi c‡ m¤¢e bq, Avgvi
`vwqZ¡I bq| Avwg Avj­vni Ávb I B”Qvq wek¦vm Kwi Ges Avj­vni Iqv`v I `qvq wek¦vm Kwi| Avwg Avgvi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi
†Póv Kwi Ges Avj­vni mvnvh¨ I `qv PvB‡Z _vwK| wbtm‡›`‡n G ev›`v mdjZvi c_ †c‡q‡Q|
G wel‡q Bgvg Zvnvex (ivn) e‡jb: Òg~j ZvK¡`xi n‡jv m„wóRM‡Z Avj­vn& ZvÕAvjvi GK inm¨| G m¤ú‡K© Avj­vni
mvwbœa¨cÖvß †Kv‡bv wdwikZvI †hgb AeMZ bb, †Zgwb †Kv‡bv bex ivm~jI AeMZ bb| G wel‡q Mfxifv‡e Zwj‡q †`Lvi
†Póv Kiv ev wPš—v fvebv Kivi cwibwZ e¨_©Zv, eÂbv I mxgv jsNb e¨ZxZ Avi wKQyB bq| Kv‡RB, G wb‡q wPš—v fvebv I
Kzgš¿bv n‡Z c~Y© mZK© _vK‡Z n‡e| KviY, Avj­vn& ZvÕAvjv ¯^qs ZvK¡`x‡ii Ávb Zvui m„wóKyj †_‡K †Mvcb †i‡L‡Qb Ges
Zv‡`i‡K Gi ZË¡ D`NvU‡bi cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bv †_‡K eviY K‡i‡Qb| Avj­vn& ZvÕAvjv Zvui cweÎ wKZv‡e e‡jb: ÒwZwb hv K‡ib
162

†m m¤ú‡K© Zv‡K cÖkœ Kiv hv‡e bv eis ZvivB Avcb K…ZK‡g©i Rb¨ wRÁvwmZ n‡e|Ó 655 myZivs †h e¨w³ cÖkœ Ki‡jv, wZwb
†Kb G KvR Ki‡jb? †m Avm‡j Avj­vni wKZv‡ei wb‡`©k cÖZ¨vL¨vb Ki‡jv| Avi †h e¨w³ wKZv‡ei wb‡`©k cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i
†m Kvwdi‡`i Aš—©f~³ n‡q hvq| G n‡”Q Bmjvgx AvK¡x`vi ‡gvUv‡gvwU welq hvi cªwZ Av‡jv¾j ü`‡qi AwaKvix Avj­vni
wcÖq ev›`vMY gyLv‡cx| Avi GUvB &n‡”Q myMfxi cÖÁv m¤úbœ e¨w³‡`i ch©vq| KviY, Ávb `y cÖKvi, GK cÖKvi Ávb: hv
m„wóKz‡ji g‡a¨ we`¨gvb (hv Avj­vn Inxi gva¨‡g Rvwb‡q‡Q)| AZGe we`¨gvb Áv‡bi A¯^xK…wZ Kzdix KvR Ges Awe`¨gvb
Áv‡bi (Inxi gva¨‡g Avj­vn hv Rvbvb wb †miƒc MvBex Ávb) `vexI Kzdix KvR| cÖK…Z Cgvb †Kej ZLbB cÖwZwôZ nq
hLb we`¨gvb Ávb‡K eiY Kiv nq Ges Awe`¨gvb Áv‡bi A‡š^lY eR©b Kiv nq| (gnvb Avj­vn hZUzKz e‡j‡Qb ZZUzKz
MÖnY I wek¦vm Ges hv e‡jb wb Zv wb‡q M‡elYv ev Av‡jvPbv eR©b Kiv|)Ó 656
cÂg Aa¨vq:
Awek¦vm I weåvwš—
c~e©eZ©x Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv Bmjvgx wek¦vm ev Cgv‡bi cwiwPwZ m¤ú‡K© we¯—vwiZ Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ| Cgvb ev
wek¦v‡mi wecixZ ÔAwek¦vmÕ| ÔAwek¦vmÕ mvgwMÖK ev e¨vcK n‡Z cv‡i Ges AvswkKI n‡Z cv‡i| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Cgvb ev
wek¦v‡mi wewfbœ i“Kb I welq i‡q‡Q| †Kv‡bv Awek¦vmx G mKj i“Kb ev wek¦v‡mi mKj welq ÔAwek¦vmÕ Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avevi
Awek¦vm ev wek¦v‡mi weåvwš— AvswkKI n‡Z cv‡i| Ggb A‡bK †`Lv hvq †h, †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Awek¦vmx Cgv‡bi wKQz welq
wek¦vm K‡ib Ges wKQz welq Awek¦vm K‡ib| mvgwMÖK ev AvswkK Dfq cÖKvi Awek¦v‡miB wewfbœ KviY I cÖKvi i‡q‡Q|
KziAv‡b wewfbœ ¯’v‡b gnvb Avj­vn c~e©eZ©x weåvš— m¤cÖ`vqmg~‡ni weåvwš— I Awek¦v‡mi KviY D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| KziAvb I
nv`x‡mi eY©bv †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, AwaKvsk †‡ÎB ZvInx`, wimvjvZ I AviKvbyj Cgv‡bi weï× wek¦vm †_‡KB
Awek¦vm ev Kzdi I wkiK Rb¥ wb‡q‡Q| Cgvb †_‡KB Kzdix R‡b¥‡Q Ges AwaKvsk †‡ÎB Cgv‡bi bv‡gB Kzdix cÖPvwiZ n‡q‡Q|
Bn~`x, L„÷vb I Avi‡ei Awek¦vmxMY g~jZ Avmgvbx wKZve ev Inx Ges Avj­vni g‡bvbxZ bex-ivm~j‡`i Abymvix wQ‡jb| wKš‘
wewfbœ Kvi‡Y Zviv mZ¨ c_ †_‡K wePz¨Z nb| KziAvb Kvix‡g G‡`i weåvwš—i KviY D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| GQvov wewfbœ RvwZi
Awek¦v‡mi KviY KziAv‡b D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| nv`xm kix‡d G welqK A‡bK e¨vL¨v i‡q‡Q| G Aa¨v‡q Avgiv Awek¦v‡mi aib,
KviY, cÖKiY I cÖKvk¸wj Av‡jvPbv Kie| gnvb Avj­vni wbKU ZvIdxK cÖv_©bv KiwQ|
5. 1. Kzd&i
5. 1. 1. A_© I cwiwPwZ
Aviex ÔKzd&iÕ ( �ﺭـﹾﻔﹸﻜﻟﺍ) kãwU Awek¦vm, A¯^xKvi, AK…ZÁZv BZ¨vw` A‡_© e¨eüZ nq| kãwUi g~j A_© ÔAve„Z KivÕ|
4_© wnRix kZ‡Ki cÖwm× fvlvwe` I Awfavb cÖ‡YZv Aveyj ûmvBb Avng` Beby dvwim (395wn) e‡jb: Ò(Kvd, iv I dv)
wZb A‡ii wµqvg~jwU GKwU weï× A_© cÖKvk K‡i, Zv n‡jv: ÔAve„Z Kiv ev †Mvcb KivÕ| †Kv‡bv e¨w³ hw` Zvi cwiwnZ
eg©‡K Zvi Kvco w`‡q Ave„Z K‡ib Z‡e ejv nq wZwb Zvi eg© ÔKzd&iÕ K‡i‡Qb| Pvlx‡K ÔKvwdiÕ (Ave„ZKvix) ejv nq,
KviY wZwb kl¨`vbv‡K gvwU Øviv Ave„Z K‡ib| Cgvb ev wek¦v‡mi wecixZ Awek¦vm‡K ÔKzd&iÕ ejv nq; KviY Awek¦vm A_©
mZ¨‡K Ae„Z Kiv| AK…ZÁZv ev wbqvgZ A¯^xKvi Kiv‡K Kzd&i ejv nq; KviY G‡Z wbqvgZ jyKv‡bv nq Ges Ave„Z Kiv
nq|Ó 657
Bmjvgx cwifvlvq wek¦v‡mi Awe`¨gvbZvB Kzd&i ev Awek¦vm| Avj­vn Ges Zuvi ivm~‡ji Dci Ges Cgv‡bi
i“Kb¸wj‡Z wek¦vm bv _vKv‡KB Bmjv‡gi cwifvlvq ÔKzd&iÕ e‡j MY¨| A¯^xKvi, m‡›`n, wØav, wnsmv, An¼vi, BZ¨vw` †h
†Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y hw` Kv‡iv g‡a¨ ÔCgvbÕ ev `„p cÖZ¨‡qi wek¦vm Abycw¯’Z _v‡K Z‡e Zv‡K Bmjvgx cwifvlvq ÔKzd&iÕ e‡j MY¨
Kiv nq| Abyiƒcfv‡e gnvb Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K †Kv‡bv wel‡q Zuvi mgZzj¨ ev mgK ev Zuvi mv‡_ Zzjbxq e‡j wek¦vm
Kivi gva¨‡g Avj­vni GKZ¡ I AZzjbxqZ¡ A¯^xKvi KivI Kzdi| Z‡e G ch©v‡qi Kzdi‡K Bmjvgx cwifvlvq wki&K ejv
nq|
5. 1. 2. Kzd&i AvK&evi I Kzd&i Avm&Mvi
163

KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Kzd&i‡K `y fv‡M fvM Kiv nq: (1) Kzd&i AvKevi ev e„nËi Kzd&i Ges (2) Kzd&i
AvmMvi ev z`ªZi Kzd&i| Kzd&i AvKevi ej‡Z cÖK…Z Awek¦vm eSv‡bv nq hv mswk­ó e¨w³‡K Bmjvg †_‡K †ei K‡i †`q
Ges cÖK…Z Awek¦vmx ev Kvwd‡i cwiYZ K‡i| Gi cwiYwZ wPi¯’vqx Rvnvbœv‡gi kvw¯—‡fvM| Avi Kzd&i AvmMvi ej‡Z eySv‡bv
nq KwVb cvcmg~n‡K hv Awek¦v‡miB bvgvš—i, Z‡e Giƒc cv‡c wjß gvbyl‡`i‡K Bmjvg Z¨vMKvix ev cÖK…Z Kvwdi e‡j MY¨
Kiv nq bv| Zv‡`i‡K Abš— Rvnvbœvgevmx e‡jI wek¦vm Kiv nq bv| eis Zv‡`i‡K cvcx I kvw¯—‡hvM¨ gymwjg e‡j MY¨ Kiv
nq| Kzdi AvmMvi‡K Kzdi gvRvhx ev iƒcK KzdiI ejv nq|
5. 1. 3. Kzd&i AvK&evi-Gi cÖKvi‡f`
Kzdi AvKevi ev Ôe„nËi KzdiÕ-B cÖK…Z Kzdi ev Awek¦vm| ZvInx` I AviKvbyj Cgv‡bi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv Kzd&i ev
Awek¦vm‡K Avgiv wb‡gœi cuvPwU ch©v‡q fvM Ki‡Z cvwi:
5. 1. 3. 1. ÔcÖwZcvj‡bi GK‡Z¡Õ Awek¦vm
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ZvInx‡`i cÖ_g ch©vq ZvInx`yi i“e~weq¨vZ| G wel‡q †Kv‡bv cÖKvi Awek¦vm, A¯^xKvi, wØav, m‡›`n ev
AvswkK wek¦vm ÔKzd&iÕ e‡j MY¨| Avj­vni Aw¯—‡Z¡ Awek¦vm, Zuvi mªóv‡Z¡ Awek¦vm, Ab¨ †Kv‡bv mªóv Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm, Zvi
cÖwZcv‡bi gZvq Awek¦vm, Ab¨ Kv‡iv wek¦ cwiPvjbv, cÖwZcvjb ev g½j-Ag½‡ji gZv Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm, Zvi wih&K `v‡bi
gZvq Awek¦vm, Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wiwhK`vZv Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm, BZ¨vw` meB G ch©v‡qi Kzd&i| Abyiƒcfv‡e wKQz wel‡q Avj­vni
GK‡Z¡ wek¦vm I wKQz wel‡q Zv Awek¦vm KivI GKBiƒc Kzd&i|
5. 1. 3. 2. bvg I ¸Yvewji GK‡Z¡ Awek¦vm
ÔZvInx`yj Avmgv Iqvm wmdvZÕ ev Avj­vni bvg I ¸Yvewji GKZ¡ Avgiv ZvInx` Aa¨v‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| Avj­vn
ZvÔAvjvi bvg I ¸Yvewji wKQz ev me A¯^xKvi Kiv G ch©v‡qi Kzdi| G Kzd&i `y cÖKv‡ii:
cÖ_gZ: Kzdi“b bvdB (ﻲﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﻔﻜ) ev A¯^xKv‡ii Kzd&i
Gi A_© Avj­vn †h mKj bvg I ¸Y Zuvi Av‡Q e‡j Rvwb‡q‡Qb Zvi me ev †h †Kv‡bv GKwU Awek¦vm ev A¯‹xKvi Kiv|
†hgb Avj­vni Bjg (Ávb), Kz`iZ (gZv), Kvjvg (K_v), ivngvZ... BZ¨vw` †h †Kv‡bv GK ev GKvwaK bvg ev ¸Y A¯^xKvi
Kiv, ev Zvi c~Y©Zv A¯^xKvi Kiv| Avj­vni †Kv‡bv Kg© ev ¸Y Zvi m„wói gZ ev Zzjbxq e‡j wek¦vm KivI GKB ch©v‡qi Kzd&i ev
Awek¦vm|
wØZxqZ: Kzdi“j BmevZ (ﺕﺎﺒﺜﻹﺍ ﺭﻔﻜ) ev `vwei Kzd&i
Gi A_© Avj­vn wb‡Ri Rb¨ hv A¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb Zuvi Zv Av‡Q e‡j `vwe Kiv| †hgb Avj­vni Rb¨ Nyg, Z›`ªv, mš—vb, ¯¿x ...
BZ¨vw` `vwe Kiv|
Avj­vn Zuvi wb‡Ri Rb¨ †h mKj we‡klY, ¸Y I ˆewkó¨ D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb, †KD hw` wb‡Ri Rb¨ ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv m„wói
Rb¨ †m mKj ˆewk‡ó¨i ga¨ †_‡K GK ev GKvwaK ¸Y ev we‡klY `vwe K‡i Z‡e ZvI G cÖKv‡ii Kzdix e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
†hgb Avj­vni gZ Bjg, wnKgZ, ingZ... BZ¨vw` Ab¨ Kv‡iv Av‡Q e‡j `vwe Kiv| Giƒc `vwe ¯^xKvi ev wek¦vm KivI
GKBiƒc Kzd&i|
5. 1. 3. 3. Bev`‡Zi GK‡Z¡ Awek¦vm
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ZvInx‡`i P~ovš— ch©vq ZvInx`yj Dj~wnq¨vZ ev ZvInx`yj Bev`vZ| mKj bex-ivm~j Bev`‡Zi
ZvInx‡`i `vIqvZ w`‡q‡Qb| Zuviv mK‡jB e‡j‡Qb, GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki Ges Avj­vn Qvov hv‡`i Bev`Z Kiv nq
Zv‡`i Bev`Z eR©b Ki|
Avj­vni Bev`‡Zi GK‡Z¡ A¯^xKvi Kiv, Zuvi gvÔe~` nIqvi wel‡q m‡›`n ev Awek¦vm †cvlY Kiv ev Ab¨ †KD
†Kv‡bviƒc Bev`Z cvIqvi †hvM¨ Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm Kiv G ch©v‡qi Kzdi| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, hy‡M hy‡M AwaKvsk KvwdiB G
cÖKv‡ii Kzd‡i wbcwZZ n‡q‡Q|
5. 1. 3. 4. gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi wimvjv‡Z Awek¦vm
gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi wimvjv‡Z wek¦v‡mi A_© I welqe¯‘ Avgiv c~e©eZ©x Aa¨v‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi
e¨w³Z¡, gh©v`v, gnZ¡, wimvjvZ, byeyIqvZ, byeyIqv‡Zi c~Y©Zv, cÖPvi I Zvejx‡Mi c~Y©Zv, byeyIqv‡Zi wek¦RbxbZv, ¯’vwqZ¡,
mgvwß, gyw³i GKgvÎ c_ BZ¨vw` †Kv‡bv wel‡q A¯^xKvi, Awek¦vm ev m‡›`n G ch©v‡qi Kzd&i| gynv¤§v` (�) hv wKQz
e‡j‡Qb Zvi †Kv‡bv welq‡K wg_¨v ev m‡›`nhy³ e‡j g‡b KivI GKB ch©v‡qi Kzd&i|
G ch©v‡qi Kzd&i-Gi `ywU w`K i‡q‡Q:
cÖ_gZ, gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi e¨w³‡Z¡ m‡›`n, wØav ev Awf‡hvM
†KD hw` gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi mZ¨evw`Zvq, wb®‹jyl Pwi‡Î, wb®úvc e¨w³‡Z¡, Bmjvg cÖPv‡i Zuvi c~Y©Zvq, Zuvi
avwg©KZvq, Zuvi c~Y© Ávb I eywׇZ ev Abyiƒc †Kv‡bv wel‡q m‡›`n, AvcwË ev Awf‡hvM K‡i Z‡e Zv G ch©v‡qi Kzdix|
wØZxqZ, gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi K_v ev wkvq Awek¦vm ev m‡›`n
gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi byeyIqv‡Zi wek¦v‡mi A_©B n‡jv wZwb hv e‡j‡Qb ev wkv w`‡q‡Qb Zv meB m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e mZ¨ e‡j
164

wek¦vm Kiv| wZwb e‡j‡Qb e‡j cÖgvwYZ †Kv‡bv msev`, wkv, K_v ev e³e¨‡K AmZ¨ e‡j g‡b Kiv ev m‡›`n Kiv G ch©v‡qi
Kzd&ix| gynv¤§v` (�) e‡j‡Qb wKbv Zv cÖgvwYZ nIqvi wel‡q m‡›`n n‡Z cv‡i| cÖgvwYZ nIqvi c‡i †Kv‡bv gywgb Zvi mZ¨Zvq
m‡›`n ev wØav Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv|
ivm~jyj­vn � KziAvb wn‡m‡e hv wKQz wkv w`‡q‡Qb ev KziAvb Kvix‡g hv wKQz ejv n‡q‡Q Zv meB gyZvIqvwZi ch©v‡q
m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e cÖgvwYZ| Abyiƒcfv‡e gyZvIqvwZi nv`x‡m hv wKQz ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Zv m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e Zuvi e³e¨ ev wkv
wn‡m‡e cÖgvwYZ| AviKvbyj Cgvb I Zrmswk­ó welq¸wj meB GB ch©v‡qi| Lvevi“ Iqvwn` wn‡m‡e ewY©Z welq¸wj weï×
mb‡` cÖgvwYZ n‡j ZvI mvaviYfv‡e wek¦v‡mi welqe¯‘‡Z cwiYZ nq| Z‡e mvaviYfv‡e Lvevi“ Iqvwn` ch©v‡qi mnxn
nv`x‡m cÖgvwYZ welq A¯^xKvi Ki‡j Zv‡K weåvš— ejv nq, Z‡e Kvwdi ejv nq bv| G wel‡q Avgiv G cy¯—‡Ki cÖ_g
Aa¨v‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ|
KziAvb A_ev mybœvZ Øviv, we‡klZ gyZvIqvwZifv‡e cÖgvwYZ †Kv‡bv weavb A¯^xKvi KivI GKB ch©v‡qi Kzd&ix| mvjvZ,
hvKvZ, wmqvg BZ¨vw`i dih nIqv A¯^xKvi Kiv, e¨wfPvi, Pzwi, nZ¨v BZ¨vw`i nvivg nIqv A¯^xKvi Kiv, mvjv‡Zi, ZvnvivZ,
ivKÔAvZ, mgq, mvR`v, i“Kz BZ¨vw`i c×wZ A¯^xKvi, e¨wZµg Kiv BZ¨vw` meB G ch©v‡qi Kzd&i| Z‡e AÁZvi Kvi‡Y
A¯^xKvi Ki‡j Zv Ihi e‡j MY¨ n‡Z cv‡i| †Kv‡bv BRwZnv`x ev BLwZjvdx welq A¯^xKvi Ki‡j Zv Kzd&i e‡j MY¨ n‡e bv|
5. 1. 3. 5. mš‘wó I Amš‘wói Kzd&i
†Kv‡bv cÖKvi Kzd&‡i mš‘ó _vKv Kzd&i| Abyiƒcfv‡e Bmjv‡gi cÖwZ Amš‘ó _vKvI Kzd&i| G cÖKv‡ii Kzd‡ii g‡a¨
i‡q‡Q:
(K) Avj­vni bvwhjK…Z weavb AcQ›` Kiv ev Avj­vni whK&i, KziAvb, Bmjvg ev Bmjv‡gi weavb e‡j mywbwðZfv‡e
cÖgvwYZ †Kv‡bv wKQz cÖwZ weiw³ ev N„Yv †cvlY Kiv, Bmjv‡gi †Kv‡bv wb‡`©k ev wkv APj, †m‡K‡j ev AcÖ‡qvRbxq e‡j
g‡b Kiv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋَﺃ ﹶﻁ�ﺒ�ﺤَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺍﻭ�ﻫﹺﺭﹶﻜ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨَﺄﹺﺒ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋَﺃ ﱠل�ﻀَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﺴ�ﻌﹶﺘﹶﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﻜ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
Òhviv Kzdix K‡i‡Q Zv‡`i Rb¨ i‡q‡Q `y‡f©vM Ges wZwb Zv‡`i Kg© e¨_© K‡i w`‡eb| Zv GRb¨ †h, Avj­vn hv
AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Zviv Zv AcQ›` K‡i| myZivs Avj­vn Zv‡`i Kg© wbõj K‡i w`‡eb|Ó 658
(L) Bmjv‡gi †Kv‡bv cÖgvwYZ welq wb‡q nvwm-Zvgvkv, g¯‹iv ev Dcnvm Kiv A_ev hvi Giƒc K‡i Zv‡`i mv‡_
Ae¯’vb Kiv ev Zv‡`i mv‡_ Avš—wiK m¤úK© ivLv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﻼـﹶﻓ
�ﻥﺎﹶﻁ�ﻴﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻙﱠﻨ�ﻴ�ﺴﹾﻨ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻩﹺﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﺙﻴ�ﺩ�ﺤ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﻀﻭﹸﺨ�ﻴ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﺽﹺﺭ�ﻋَﺄﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺘﺎ�ﻴَﺁ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﻀﻭﹸﺨ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﹶﺕ�ﻴَﺃ�ﺭ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻟﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻊ�ﻤ ﻯ�ﺭﹾﻜﱢﺫﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﺩ�ﻌﹾﻘﹶﺘ
ÒZzwg hLb †`L, Zviv Avgvi AvqvZ m¤^‡Ü Dcnvmg~jK Av‡jvPbvq gMœ nq ZLb Zzwg `~‡i m‡i co‡e, †h ch©š— bv Zviv
Ab¨ cÖms‡M cÖe„Ë nq| Ges kqZvb hw` †Zvgv‡K å‡g †d‡j Z‡e ¯§iY nIqvi c‡i Rvwjg m¤cÖ`v‡qi mv‡_ em‡e bv|Ó 659
(L) gykwiK, bvw¯—K, gyiZv` ev ag©Z¨vMx‡`i, hviv my¯úófv‡e Cgv‡bi †Kv‡bv iƒKb ev KziAvb-nv`x‡mi †Kv‡bv
my¯úó welq A¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q, AvcwËKi e‡j wek¦vm K‡i‡Q ev Dcnvm K‡i‡Q, hv‡`i Kzd&i m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e KziAvb I
nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K cÖgvwYZ Ges hv‡`i Kzd&i-Gi wel‡q gymwjg D¤§vni mKj Avwjg GKgZ †cvlY K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i‡K
Kvwdi ej‡Z A¯^xKvi Kiv, Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ bv Kiv, Zv‡`i‡K Kvwdi ej‡Z m‡›`n ev wØav Kiv| A_ev Giƒc KvwdiMY‡K
Avš—wiK eÜz, mn‡hvMx I AwffveK wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv| Z‡e Zv‡`i mv‡_ mvgvwRK ev ivóªxq m¤úK© ivLv I gvbexq
mn‡hvwMZv wbwl× bq|
KziAv‡b G wel‡q evisevi wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ ﻻِﺇ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻠﹶﻓ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ ْل�ﻌﹾﻔ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ
�ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘ�ﻴ ﻻ
ﹰﺓﺎﹶﻘﹸﺘ
ÒgywgbMY †hb gywgbMY e¨ZxZ Kvwdi‡`i‡K eÜziƒ‡c MÖnY bv K‡i| †h †KD Giƒc Ki‡e Zvi mv‡_ Avj­vni †Kv‡bv
m¤úK© _vK‡e bv| Z‡e e¨wZµg, hw` †Zvgiv Zv‡`i wbKU n‡Z AvZ¥ivi Rb¨ mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Ki|Ó 660
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎﹰﻨﻴﹺﺒ�ﻤ ﺎﹰﻨﺎﹶﻁﹾﻠ�ﺴ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩﻴﹺﺭﹸﺘَﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘﹶﺘ ﻻ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
Ò†n gywgbMY, gywgbM‡Yi cwie‡Z© KvwdiMY‡K eÜziƒ‡c MÖnY K‡iv bv| †Zvgiv wK Avj­vn‡K †Zvgv‡`i wei“‡× ¯úó
cÖgvY w`‡Z PvI?Ó 661
165

Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb:
�ﻥِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨـ�ﻤ �ﻪـﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻟ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺃ ﻯ�ﺭﺎ�ﺼﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺩﻭ�ﻬ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘﹶﺘ ﻻ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻬ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
Ò†n gywgbMY, Bqvn~`x I L„÷vb‡`i‡K eÜziƒ‡c MÖnY K‡iv bv, Zviv ci¯úi ci¯ú‡ii eÜz| †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ †KD
Zv‡`i‡K eÜziƒ‡c MÖnY Ki‡j †m Zv‡`iB GKRb n‡q hv‡e| Avj­vn Rvwjg m¤cÖ`vq‡K mrc‡_ cwiPvwjZ K‡ib bv|Ó 662
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﺀﺎـ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﺭﺎـﱠﻔﹸﻜﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﺘﻭُﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﺒ�ﻌﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﻭ�ﺯ�ﻫ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻨﻴ�ﺩ ﺍﻭﹸﺫﹶﺨﱠﺘﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘﹶﺘ ﻻ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﺍ�ﻭ
Ò†n gywgbMY, †Zvgv‡`i c~‡e© hv‡`i‡K wKZve †`Iqv n‡q‡Q hviv †Zvgv‡`i `xb‡K nvwm-Zvgvkv I µxovi e¯‘iƒ‡c
MÖnY K‡i Zv‡`i‡K Ges Kvwdi‡`i‡K †Zvgviv eÜziƒ‡c MÖnY K‡iv bv Ges †Zvgiv hw` gywgb nI Z‡e Avj­vn‡K fq
Ki|Ó 663
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻙـِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺄﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻟ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹺﻥﺎ�ﻤﻴِﻹﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺭﹾﻔﹸﻜﹾﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺒ�ﺤﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ ﹺﻥِﺇ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻨﺍ�ﻭﹾﺨِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺀﺎ�ﺒَﺁ ﺍﻭﹸﺫ�ﺨ ﱠﺘﹶﺘ ﻻ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ
Ò†n gywgbMY, †Zvgv‡`i wcZvMY I åvZvMY hw` Cgvb A‡cv Kzd&ix‡K †kªq Ávb K‡i, Z‡e Zv‡`i‡K Aš—i½iƒ‡c
MÖnY K‡iv bv| †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv Zv‡`i‡K Aš—i½iƒ‡c MÖnY K‡i ZvivB Rvwjg|Ó 664
Ab¨Î Bikv` Kiv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ ﹶﺓ�ﺯ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ
�ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭﹸﻐﹶﺘ�ﺒ�ﻴَﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭﹸﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤﻴِﻟَﺃ ﺎ�ﺒﺍﹶﺫ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻥَﺄﹺﺒ �ﻥﻴ�ﻘ�ﻓﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﺭﱢﺸ�ﺒ
ﻰـﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻡـ�ﻬ�ﻌ�ﻤ ﺍﻭ�ﺩـ�ﻌﹾﻘﹶﺘ ﻼـﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ ُﺃ�ﺯ�ﻬﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ �ﺭﹶﻔﹾﻜ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺕﺎ�ﻴَﺁ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺴ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﻥَﺃ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ َل�ﺯﹶﻨ �ﺩﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻌﻴ�ﻤ�ﺠ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﹶﺓ�ﺯ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ
ﺎ�ﻌﻴ�ﻤ�ﺠ �ﻡﱠﻨ�ﻬ�ﺠ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﻘ�ﻓﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻊ�ﻤﺎ�ﺠ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
�ﻥِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﻠﹾﺜ�ﻤ ﺍﹰﺫِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻩﹺﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﺙﻴ�ﺩ�ﺤ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﻀﻭﹸﺨ�ﻴ
ÒgybvwdKMY‡K ïf msev` `vI †h, Zv‡`i Rb¨ gg©š‘` kvw¯— i‡q‡Q! gywgbM‡Yi cwie‡Z© hviv Kvwdi‡`i‡K eÜziƒ‡c
MÖnY K‡i, Zviv wK Zv‡`i wbKU Bh&hZ-gZv Pvq? mg¯— Bh&hZ-gZv †Zv Avj­vniB| wKZv‡e †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ wZwb
AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb †h, hLb †Zvgiv ïb‡e Avj­vni AvqvZ cÖZ¨vL¨vZ n‡”Q Ges Zvi cÖwZ we`ªƒc Kiv n‡”Q, ZLb, †h ch©š—
Zviv Ab¨ cÖms‡M wjß bv nq †Zvgiv Zv‡`i mv‡_ em‡e bv| Ab¨_vq †ZvgivI Zv‡`i gZB n‡e| gybvwdK I Kvwdi
mKj‡KB Avj­vn Rvnvbœv‡g GKwÎZ Ki‡eb|Ó 665
Ab¨Î ejv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨﺍ�ﻭﹾﺨِﺇ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺀﺎﹶﻨ�ﺒَﺃ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺀﺎ�ﺒَﺁ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﻟﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﺎ�ﺤ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩﺍ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﹺﺭ�ﺨَﻵﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭﹶﻗ �ﺩﹺﺠﹶﺘ ﻻ
�ﻡ�ﻬﹶﺘ�ﺭﻴ�ﺸ�ﻋ �ﻭَﺃ
ÒZzwg cv‡e bv Avj­vn I AvwLiv‡Z wek¦vmx Ggb †Kv‡bv m¤cÖ`vq, hviv fvjev‡m Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji
wei“×PvwiMY‡K, †nvK bv †Kb G mKj wei“×Pvix Zv‡`i wcZv, cyÎ, åvZv A_ev Zv‡`i ÁvwZ-‡MvÎ|Ó 666
Ab¨Î Avj­vn ZvevivKv Iqv ZvÔAvjv e‡jb:
�ﺏ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ﺍﻭﹸﻁ�ﺴﹾﻘﹸﺘ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻫﻭ�ﺭ�ﺒﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜﹺﺭﺎ�ﻴ �ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﻭ�ﺠﹺﺭﹾﺨ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﹺﻥﻴ�ﺩﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜﻭﹸﻠ�ﺘﺎﹶﻘ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻴ ﻻ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻁ�ﺴﹾﻘ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ
Ò`x‡bi e¨vcv‡i hviv †Zvgv‡`i wei“‡× hy× K‡i wb Ges †Zvgv‡i`‡K ¯^‡`k n‡Z ewn®K…Z K‡i wb Zv‡`i cÖwZ
gnvbyfeZv cÖ`k©b I b¨vqwePvi Ki‡Z Avj­vn †Zvgv‡`i‡K wb‡la K‡ib bv| Avj­vn †Zv b¨vqcivqYw`M‡K fvjev‡mb|Ó 667
(M) Bmjvg Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv ag© ev wek¦v‡mi AbymiY K‡i †KD gyw³jvf Ki‡Z, Avj­vni mš‘wó jvf Ki‡Z ev
166
Av‡Liv‡Z RvbœvZ jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i e‡j g‡b Kiv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡﻼ�ﺴِﻹﺍ
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻥﻴ�ﺩﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ

ÒBmjvg Avj­vni wbKU GKgvÎ `xb|Ó 668
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﺴﺎﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺓ�ﺭ�ﺨ ﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻤ َل�ﺒﹾﻘ�ﻴ �ﻥﹶﻠﹶﻓ ﺎﹰﻨﻴ�ﺩ ﹺﻡﻼ�ﺴِﻹﺍ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ ﹺﻎﹶﺘ�ﺒ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
Ò†KD Bmjvg e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv `xb MÖnY Ki‡Z PvB‡j Zv KL‡bv Keyj Kiv n‡e bv Ges †m n‡e ciKv‡j wZMÖ¯—‡`i
Aš—f©y³|Ó 669
5. 1. 4. Kzd&i AvKevi-Gi wewfbœ cÖKvk
KziAv‡bi Av‡jv‡K Kzdi AvKevi-Gi wbgœiƒc cÖKvk i‡q‡Q:
5. 1. 4. 1. Kzd&i ZvKhxe ev wg_¨v g‡b Kivi Kzdi
A_©vr Inxi wb‡`©kbv‡K wg_¨v e‡j g‡b Kiv Kiv| G n‡jv hy‡M hy‡M Kzd&i ev Awek¦v‡mi cÖavb cÖKvi| bex-ivm~jM‡Yi
`vIÔAv‡Zi gva¨‡g, A_ev Ab¨vb¨ cÖPviK‡`i gva¨‡g, A_ev Avmgvbx wKZve cv‡Vi gva¨‡g hLb gvby‡li Kv‡Q Inxi wkv
Dcw¯’Z nq ZLb Giƒc Awek¦vmx Inxi wkv‡K wg_¨v e‡j Dwo‡q †`q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻠِﻟ ﻯ�ﻭﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﻡﱠﻨ�ﻬ�ﺠ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟَﺃ �ﻩ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻟ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﺏﱠﺫﹶﻜ �ﻭَﺃ ﺎ�ﺒ�ﺫﹶﻜ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻯ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﻓﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻤ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠﹾﻅَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
Ò†h e¨w³ Avj­vn m¤^‡Ü wg_¨v iPbv K‡i A_ev Zuvi wbKU †_‡K AvMZ mZ¨‡K A¯^xKvi K‡i Zvi †P‡q AwaK Rvwjg Avi
†K? RvnvbœvgB wK Kvwdi‡`i Avevm bq?Ó 670
5. 1. 4. 2. Kzd&i BmwZKevi ev An¼v‡ii Awek¦vm
A_©vr An¼vi ekZ Cgv‡bi †Kv‡bv wel‡qi mZ¨Zv Abyfe Kivi c‡iI Zv A¯^xKvi Kiv| A‡bK Awek¦vmxB Giƒc
Kzd‡i wjß nq| Giƒc An¼v‡ii Kzd‡i me©cÖ_g wjß nq Bejxm| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﺒﹾﻜﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ�ﻭ ﻰ�ﺒَﺃ �ﺱﻴ�ﻠ�ﺒِﺇ ﻻِﺇ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺠ�ﺴﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﺩﻵ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺠ�ﺴﺍ �ﺔﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤﹾﻠ ِﻟ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠﹸﻗ ﹾﺫِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒhLb wdwikZv‡`i ejjvg ÔAv`g‡K mvR`v KiÕ, ZLb Bejxm e¨ZxZ mK‡jB mvR`v Kij; †m Agvb¨ Kij Ges AnsKvi Kij,
myZivs †m Kvwdi‡`i Aš—f©y³ n‡jv|Ó 671
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn wdivDb I Ab¨vb¨ Kvwdi‡`i wel‡q e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴ�ﺩ�ﺴﹾﻔ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﺔ�ﺒ�ﻗﺎ�ﻋ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﹶﻑ�ﻴﹶﻜ �ﺭﹸﻅﹾﻨﺎﹶﻓ ﺍ�ﻭﹸﻠ�ﻋ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻤﹾﻠﹸﻅ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﺘﹶﻨﹶﻘ�ﻴﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﺠ�ﻭ
ÒZviv Ab¨vq I D×Zfv‡e wb`k©b¸wj cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kij, hw`I Zv‡`i Aš—i G¸wj‡K mZ¨ e‡j MÖnY K‡iwQj| †`L,
wech©q m„wóKvix‡`i cwiYvg Kx n‡qwQj!Ó 672
5. 1. 4. 3. Kzd&i“ kv° ev m‡›`‡ni Awek¦vm
Cgv‡bi †Kv‡bv wel‡q ü`‡q wØav ev m‡›`n _vKv‡K m‡›`‡ni Kzdi ejv nq| Cgv‡bi A_© m‡›`nvZxZ cÖZ¨‡qi mv‡_
wek¦vm Kiv| Kv‡RB †Kv‡bv wel‡q hw` g‡b wKQz wek¦vm I wKQz m‡›`n _v‡K ev `„p cÖZ¨‡qi e`‡j A¯úó aviYv _v‡K Z‡e
Zv‡K Kzdi e‡j MY¨ Kiv nq|
GKRb Kvwdi I GKRb gywg‡bi K‡_vcK_b m¤ú‡K© Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥ�ﺩـﹺﺠَﻷ ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﹸﺕ�ﺩ�ﺩ�ﺭ �ﻥِﺌﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﹰﺔ�ﻤِﺌﺎﹶﻗ ﹶﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻥﹸﻅَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺒَﺃ �ﻩ�ﺫ�ﻫ �ﺩﻴﹺﺒﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻥﹸﻅَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨِﻟ �ﻡِﻟﺎﹶﻅ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﺘﱠﻨ�ﺠ َلﹶﺨ�ﺩ�ﻭ
ﻼ�ﺠ�ﺭ �ﻙﺍ�ﻭ�ﺴ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﺔﹶﻔﹾﻁﹸﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﹴﺏﺍ�ﺭﹸﺘ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙﹶﻘﹶﻠﹶﺨ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﹶﺕ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﻜَﺃ �ﻩ�ﺭﹺﻭﺎ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺤﺎ�ﺼ �ﻪﹶﻟ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﺒﹶﻠﹶﻘﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨ
ÒGfv‡e wb‡Ri cÖwZ Ryjyg K‡i †m Zvi D`¨v‡b cÖ‡ek Kij| †m ejj, Avwg g‡b Kwi bv †h, G KL‡bv aŸsm n‡q
hv‡e| Avwg g‡b Kwi bv †h, wKqvgZ n‡e, Avi hw` Avwg Avgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU cÖZ¨ve„Ë nB-B (wKqvgZ hw` nq-B)
Z‡e Avwg wbðq Gi †P‡q DrK…ó ¯’vb jvf Kie|Õ Z`yˇi Zvi eÜy Zv‡K ejj, ÔZzwg wK Kzdix KiQ Zuvi mv‡_ whwb
†Zvgv‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb g„wËKv I c‡i ïµ n‡Z Ges Zvi ci c~Y©vsM K‡i‡Qb †Zvgv‡K gbyl¨ AvK…wZ‡Z?Ó 673
5. 1. 4. 4. Kzd&i BÕivh ev AeÁvi Kzd&i
`xb I Cgv‡bi wel‡q ¸i“Z¡v‡ivc bv K‡i wbwj©ß _vKv, ev Cgv‡bi welq‡K AcÖ‡qvRbxq e‡j g‡b Kiv‡K Kzdi“ BÕivh ev
AeÁvi Kzdi ejv nq| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﻀﹺﺭ�ﻌ�ﻤ
ﺍﻭ�ﺭ�ﺫﹾﻨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﻜ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
167

Òhviv Kvwdi Zviv Zv‡`i‡K †h wel‡q mZK© Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv †_‡K †e-†Lqvj ev gyL wdwi‡q _v‡K|Ó 674
5. 1. 4. 5. Kzd&i“ wbdvK ev gybwdKxi Kzdi
Aš—‡i Awek¦vm jywK‡q †i‡L gy‡L Cgv‡bi `vwe Kiv‡K Kzdi“ wbdvK e‡j| wbdvK ev gybvwdKx Kzdi Gi GKwU we‡kl w`K
hv KziAvb I nv`x‡m we‡klfv‡e Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q| GQvov wek¦v‡mi wbdvK QvovI K‡g©i wbdv‡Ki GKwU ch©vq i‡q‡Q|
5. 1. 5. wbdvK: cwiwPwZ I cÖKvi‡f`
Aviex‡Z ÔwbdvKÕ k‡ãi A_© KcUZv (hypocrisy)| kãwUi g~j A_© LiP Kiv, Pvjy Kiv, †Mvcb Kiv, A¯úó Kiv
BZ¨vw`| 675 wbdv‡K wjß gvbyl‡K ÔgybvwdKÕ ejv nq| Bmjvgx cwifvlvq wbdvK `yB cÖKvi: (1) wek¦v‡mi wbdvK I (2) K‡g©i
wbdvK|
5. 1. 5. 1. wek¦v‡mi wbdvK (ﻱﺩﺎﻘﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻕﺎﻔﻨﻟﺍ)
Aš—‡ii g‡a¨ Awek¦vm †Mvcb †i‡L gy‡L wek¦v‡mi cÖKvk‡K wek¦v‡mi wbdvK ev wbdvK BÕwZKv`x ejv nq| Giƒc
wbdv‡Ki ¯^iƒc wbgœiƒc: (1) ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi mKj wkv ev `vIÔAvZ ev Zuvi wkvi †Kv‡bv w`K‡K wg_¨v e‡j g‡b Kiv,
(2) Zuv‡K N„Yv Kiv ev Zuvi cÖwZ we‡Øl †cvlY Kiv (3) Zuvi †Kv‡bv wkv‡K N„Yv Kiv, (4) Zuvi `x‡bi Aegvbbvq Avbw›`Z
nIqv A_ev (5) Zuvi `x‡bi mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z AcQ›` Kiv| g~jZ KziAvb-nv`x‡m Giƒc wbdv‡Ki K_vB ejv n‡q‡Q| Giƒc
wbdvK Kzd‡iiB GKwU cÖKvi; KviY Giƒc wbdv‡K wjß e¨w³i Aš—‡i Ab¨vb¨ Kvwd‡ii gZB Awek¦vm we`¨gvb, hw`I †m
RvMwZK ¯^v‡_© gy‡L Cgv‡bi `vwe K‡i| G‡`i wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﻬﹶﻘﹾﻔ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻓ �ﻡﹺﻬﹺﺒﻭﹸﻠﹸﻗ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻊﹺﺒﹸﻁﹶﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﻜ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤﺁ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨَﺄﹺﺒ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ
ÒZv G Rb¨ †h, Zviv Cgvb Avbvi ci Kzdix K‡i‡Q, d‡j Zv‡`i ü`‡q †gvni K‡i †`Iqv n‡q‡Q, cwiYv‡g Zviv †evakw³ nwi‡q
†d‡j‡Q|Ó 676
5. 1. 5. 2. K‡g©i wbdvK (ﻲﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﻔﻨﻟﺍ)
Avgiv Rvwb †h, wek¦vmB gvby‡li Kg© wbqš¿Y K‡i Ges evwn¨K Kg© gvby‡li Avf¨š—ixb wek¦v‡mi cÖwZdjb| hvi Aš—‡i wek¦vm
†bB wKš‘ evB‡i wek¦vm `vwe K‡i ¯^fveZB Zvi Aš—‡ii Awek¦vm Zvi K‡g© cÖKvwkZ nq, †h¸wj cÖgvY K‡i †h, †m Cgvb I ZvKIqvi
`vwe Ki‡jI e¯‘Z Zvi g‡a¨ Cgvb I ZvKIqv Abycw¯’Z| nv`xm kix‡d G RvZxq wKQz K‡g©i eY©bv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| Avãyj­vn Beby
Avg&i (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡jb:
ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻋ�ﺩـ�ﻴ ﻰـﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻕﺎﹶﻔﱢﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹲﺔﹶﻠ�ﺼﹶﺨ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ ﹾﺕﹶﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﹲﺔﹶﻠ�ﺼﹶﺨ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ ﹾﺕﹶﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﺼِﻟﺎﹶﺨ ﺎﹰﻘ�ﻓﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ �ﻥﹸﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻊ�ﺒ�ﺭَﺃ
�ﺭ�ﺠﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﺼﺎﹶﺨ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﺩﹶﻏ �ﺩ�ﻫﺎ�ﻋ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺏﹶﺫﹶﻜ ﹶﺙ�ﺩ�ﺤ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻥﺎﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤﹸﺘْﺅﺍ
ÒPviwU welq hvi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb _vK‡e †m wb‡f©Rvj gybvwdK| Avi hvi g‡a¨ G¸wji ga¨ †_‡K †Kv‡bv GKwU ¯^fve
we`¨gvb _vK‡e Zvi g‡a¨ wbdvK ev KcUZvi GKwU w`K we`¨gvb _vK‡e, hZY bv †m Zv cwiZ¨vM K‡i: (1) hLb Zvi
Kv‡Q wKQz AvgvbZ ivLv nq †m Zv wLqvbZ K‡i, (2) hLb †m K_v e‡j ZLb wg_¨v e‡j, (3) hLb †m Pzw³ ev cÖwZÁv-e×
nq ZLb Zv f½ K‡i Ges (4) hLb †m SMov K‡i ZLb †m Ak­xj K_v e‡j|Ó 677
G mKj Kg© evn¨Z Aš—‡i wek¦v‡mi Abycw¯’wZ cÖgvY K‡i| Z‡e hw` Aš—‡i cÖK…Z Awek¦vm bv _v‡K Z‡e G mKj Kg©
ÔKzdiÕ ev Awek¦v‡mi wbdvK e‡j MY¨ n‡e bv| eis Kzdi AvmMv‡ii b¨vq wbdvK Avgvjx ev K‡g©i wbdvK e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
5. 1. 6. Kzd&i Avm&Mvi ev z`ªZi Awek¦vm
Kzdi g~jZ ü`‡qi Awek¦v‡mi bvg, A½cÖZ¨‡½i K‡g©i bvg bq| GRb¨ KziAvb I nv`x‡m †h mKj Ôcvc Kg©Õ-‡K Kzdi
ejv n‡q‡Q wKš‘ †h¸wji mv‡_ ü`‡qi Awek¦vm RwoZ bq †m¸wj‡K ÔKzdi AvmMviÕ ev ÔKzdi“b wbÕgvn ( ﺔـﻤﻌﻨﻟﺍ ﺭـﻔﻜ) A_©vr
wbqvg‡Zi A¯^xKvi ev Kzdi gvRvhx (ﻱﺯﺎﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻔﻜﻟﺍ) ev iƒcKv‡_© Kzdi e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv nq| 678
KziAv‡b Awek¦v‡mi cvkvcvwk AK…ZÁZv‡KI Kzd&i ejv n‡q‡Q| GK Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺱﺎـ�ﺒِﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻗﺍﹶﺫَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻌﹾﻨَﺄﹺﺒ ﹾﺕ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﻜﹶﻓ ﹴﻥﺎﹶﻜ�ﻤ ﱢلﹸﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍ�ﺩﹶﻏ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻬﹸﻗ�ﺯﹺﺭ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﺘْﺄ�ﻴ ﹰﺔﱠﻨِﺌ�ﻤﹾﻁ�ﻤ ﹰﺔﹶﻨ�ﻤﺁ ﹾﺕﹶﻨﺎﹶﻜ ﹰﺔ�ﻴ�ﺭﹶﻗ ﻼﹶﺜ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺭ�ﻀ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻌﹶﻨ�ﺼ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻑ�ﻭﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹺﻉﻭ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ
ÒAvj­vn `„óvš— w`‡”Qb GK Rbc‡`i, hv wQj wbivc` I wbwðZ, †h_vq AvmZ me©w`K †_‡K Zvi cÖPzi wih&K, AZtci Zv
Avj­vni wbqvg‡Zi Kzd&ix Kij, d‡j Zviv hv KiZ Z¾b¨ Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K Av¯^v` MÖnY Kiv‡jb zav I fxwZi Av”Q`‡bi|Ó 679
168

GQvov Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, cÖK…Z I cwic~Y© Cgv‡bi mv‡_ cvc I Aeva¨Zvi mn-Ae¯’vb bv nIqvB Cgv‡bi `vwe|
e¯‘Z wek¦v‡mi NvUwZ Qvov †KD cv‡c wjß n‡Z cv‡i bv| Avj­vni cÖwZ, Zuvi wmdvZmg~‡ni cÖwZ, AvwLiv‡Zi cÖwZ I
AvwLiv‡Zi kvw¯— I cyi¯‹v‡ii cÖwZ wek¦vm cwic~Y© _vK‡j †KD cv‡c wjß n‡Z cv‡i bv| GRb¨ cv‡c wjß nIqv wek¦v‡mi
NvUwZ ev Ac~Y©Zv wb‡`©k K‡i| Z‡e hZY Giƒc Ac~Y©Zv c~Y© Awek¦v‡m cwiYZ bv nq ZZY G‡K ÔKzdi& AvmMviÕ ev
Kzdi gvRvhx (iƒcK Kzdi) e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv nq|
KziAvb I nv`x‡m A‡bK KwVb cvc‡K Kzd&i e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, Avevi Ab¨Î G mKj ÔKzd&ix'†Z wjß gvbyl‡`i‡K
gywgb e‡j D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| G mKj AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi mgš^‡q mvnvexMY I cieZ©x hy‡Mi AvwjgMY gZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb †h, G
mKj Aciva ÔKzd&i AvmMviÕ ev z`ªZi Kzd&i e‡j MY¨| G¸wj KwVb cvc, Z‡e hw` †KD G¸wj‡K cvc I wbwl× †R‡b, wb‡R‡K
Acivax e‡j wek¦vm K‡i kqZv‡bi cÖ‡ivPbvq ev RvMwZK †Kv‡bv ¯^v‡_© Giƒc cv‡c wjß nq Z‡e †m cvcx gywgb e‡j MY¨ n‡e,
Bmjvg Z¨vMKvix ev cvwifvwlK Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ n‡e bv| cvš—‡i hw` †KD Giƒc Kg© ˆea g‡b K‡i, A_ev Avj­vni wb‡`©k gvb¨
Kiv Hw”QK g‡b K‡i, ev Avj­vni G mKj wb‡`©k ev †h †Kv‡bv wb‡`©k gvb¨ Kiv Zvi wb‡Ri Rb¨ ev Ab¨ Kv‡iv Rb¨ ev †Kv‡bv
hy‡Mi Rb¨ Abvek¨K ev AcÖ‡qvRbxq g‡b K‡i ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv a‡g©i ev mgv‡Ri weavb AwaKZi Dc‡hvMx e‡j g‡b K‡i Z‡e †m
ag©Z¨vMx I Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒAvj­vn hv AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Z`bymv‡i hviv weavb †`q bv ZvivB Kvwdi|Ó 680
GLv‡b evn¨Z eySv hvq †h Avj­vni weav‡bi evB‡i Pjv ev †h †Kv‡bv cvc KivB Kzdix, KviY †h e¨w³ Avj­vni
weav‡bi evB‡i P‡j ev cv‡c wjß nq †m gyjZ Zvi wb‡Ri Rb¨ ev A‡b¨i Rb¨ Avj­vni weav‡bi evB‡i evB‡i dqmvjv
Kij| Avi Avj­vi bvwhjK…Z weavbvewji Ab¨Zg †h, gymwjg Ab¨ gymwj‡gi mv‡_ nvbvnvwb ev hy‡× iZ n‡e bv| Beby
AveŸvm (iv), Ave~ evK&ivn mvKvdx (iv), Beby Dgvi (iv), Beby gvmE` (iv) cÖgyL mvnvex †_‡K wewfbœ mb‡` ewY©Z cÖvq
gyZvIqvwZi nv`x‡m Zuviv e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � we`vq n‡¾ e‡jb:
ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﺏﺎﹶﻗﹺﺭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﺏﹺﺭ�ﻀ�ﻴ ﺍ�ﺭﺎﱠﻔﹸﻜ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﹺﺠ�ﺭﹶﺘ ﻻ
Ò‡Zvgiv Avgvi c‡i Kvwdi n‡q †hI bv, †h G‡K Aci‡K nZ¨v Ki‡e|Ó 681
GLv‡b ¯úóZB ci¯ú‡i hy× Kiv‡K Kzdix ejv n‡q‡Q| Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avãyj­vn Beby gvmE` (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn �
e‡jb:
�ﺭﹾﻔﹸﻜ �ﻪﹸﻟﺎﹶﺘ�ﻗ�ﻭ ﹲﻕﻭ�ﺴﹸﻓ ﹺﻡ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺏﺎ�ﺒ�ﺴ
Ògymwjg‡K Mvwj †`Iqv cvc Ges Zvi mv‡_ hy× Kiv Kzdix|Ó 682
wKš‘ Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Giƒc K‡g© iZ gvbyl‡`i‡K gywgb ejv n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺀﻲ�ﻔﹶﺘ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ ﻲ�ﻐ�ﺒﹶﺘ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﺘﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﻯ�ﺭﹾﺨ ﻷﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻫﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤِﺇ
ﹾﺕﹶﻐ�ﺒ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﺤ�ﻠ�ﺼَﺄﹶﻓ ﺍﻭﹸﻠﹶﺘﹶﺘﹾﻗﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹺﻥﺎﹶﺘﹶﻔِﺌﺎﹶﻁ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ
�ﻥ�ﻴـ�ﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﺤ�ﻠـ�ﺼَﺄﹶﻓ ﹲﺓ�ﻭﹾﺨِﺇ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻥﻴ�ﻁ�ﺴﹾﻘ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ ﺍﻭﹸﻁ�ﺴﹾﻗَﺃ�ﻭ ِل�ﺩ�ﻌﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﺤ�ﻠ�ﺼَﺄﹶﻓ ﹾﺕ�ﺀﺎﹶﻓ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﺭ�ﻤَﺃ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﹸﺘ �ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻠ�ﻌﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﺍ�ﻭ
�ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴ�ﻭﹶﺨَﺃ
ÒgywgbM‡Yi `yB `j hy‡× wjß n‡j †Zvgiv Zv‡`i g‡a¨ gxgvsmv K‡i †`‡e| AZtci Zv‡`i GK`j Aci `‡ji Dci
AZ¨vPvi ev mxgj•Nb Ki‡j †Zvgiv RyjygKvix `‡ji mv‡_ hy× Ki, hZY bv Zviv Avj­vni wb‡`©‡ki w`‡K wd‡i Av‡m| hw`
Zviv wd‡i Av‡m Zv‡`i g‡a¨ b¨v‡qi mv‡_ dqmvjv Ki‡e Ges mywePvi Ki‡e| wbðq Avj­vn mywePviKvix‡`i‡K fvjev‡mb|
gywgbMY ci¯úi fvB; myZivs †Zvgiv åvZ…M‡Yi g‡a¨ kvwš— ¯’vcb Ki, hv‡Z †Zvgiv AbyMÖn cÖvß nI|Ó 683
GLv‡b Avgiv †`LwQ †h, ci¯ú‡Ki hy‡× iZ gvbyl‡`i‡K my¯úófv‡eB gywgb ejv n‡q‡Q| KviY Giƒc Kg© Kzdi AvmMvi
ev Kzdi gvRvhx nIqvi Kvi‡Y Zv Cgv‡bi mv‡_ GKwÎZ n‡Z cv‡i|
5. 2. wkiK
5. 2. 1. A_© I cwiwPwZ
B‡Zvc~‡e© wØZxq Aa¨v‡q ZvInx‡`i cÖm‡½ Avgiv ÔwkiKÕ kãwUi A_© Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Aviex‡Z
wki&K ( ﻙ�ﺭـ�ﺸ) A_© Askx`vi nIqv (to share, participate, be partner, associate)| BkivK ( ﻙﺍﺭـﺸﺇ) I
169

Zvk&ixK ( ﻙﻴﹺﺭـﹾﺸﹶﺘ) A_© Askx`vi Kiv ev evbv‡bv| mvaviYfv‡e Ôwki&KÕ kãwU‡KI Aviex‡Z ÔAskx`vi KivÕ ev Ômn‡hvMx
evbv‡bvÕ A‡_© e¨envi Kiv nq| Bmjvgx cwifvlvq Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K Avj­vni †Kv‡bv wel‡q Avj­vi mgK g‡b Kiv
ev Avj­vni cÖvc¨ †Kv‡bv Bev`Z Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv Rb¨ cvjb Kiv ev Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K WvKv‡K wkiK ejv nq|
GK K_vq ÔAvj­vni Rb¨ wbw`©ó †Kv‡bv welq Ab¨ KvD‡K Askx evbv‡bvB wki&K|Õ
KziAv‡bi fvlvq wkiK n‡jv KvD‡K ÔAvj­vni mgZ‚j¨Õ Kiv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺩﺍ�ﺩﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓ
AZGe †Zvgiv †R‡bï‡b KvD‡K Avj­vni mgK evbv‡e bv|Ó 684
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪ�ﻠﻴﹺﺒ�ﺴ �ﻥ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﱡﻠ�ﻀ�ﻴِﻟ ﺍ�ﺩﺍ�ﺩﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻭ
ÒGes Zviv Avj­vni mgZzj¨ D¢veb K‡i Zuvi c_ †_‡K weåvš— Kivi Rb¨|Ó 685
Avãyj­vn Beby gvmE` (iv) e‡jb,
�ﻙﹶﻘﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻨ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ َل�ﻌ�ﺠﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﺭ�ﺒﹾﻜَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﹺﺏﹾﻨﱠﺫﻟﺍ �ﻱَﺃ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ َلِﺌ�ﺴ �ﻭَﺃ ﹸﺕﹾﻟَﺄ�ﺴ
ÒAvwg ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K cÖkœ Kijvg, Avj­vni wbKU me‡P‡q KwVb cvc Kx? wZwb e‡jb: me‡P‡q KwVb cvc GB †h,
Zzwg Avj­vni mgK evbv‡e A_P wZwb †Zvgv‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb|Ó 686
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h KvD‡K gnvb Avj­vni ÔwbÏÕ g‡b KivB wkiK| Aviex‡Z ÔwbÏÓ ( �ﺩـﻨﻟﺍ) A_© mgZzj¨, gZ, mgK,
Zzjbxq BZ¨vw`| KvD‡K gnvb Avj­vni i“e~weq¨vZ, Avmgv, wmdvZ ev Bjvwnq¨vZ-Gi †‡Î Zuvi mgZzj¨ g‡b Kiv, A_ev
Avj­vn‡K †h fw³ cÖ`k©b Kiv nq ev Avj­vni Rb¨ †h Bev`Z Kiv nq Zv Ab¨ KvD‡K cÖ`vb KivB wkiK| 687
GLv‡b K‡qKwU welq cÖwbavb‡hvM¨: cÖ_gZ, Kzdi I wkiK ci¯úi Awe‡”Q`¨fv‡e RwoZ| KvD‡K †Kv‡bvfv‡e
†Kv‡bv wel‡q gnvb Avj­vni mgK ev Zzjbxq g‡b Kivi A_©B Zuvi GK‡Z¡ Awek¦vm ev Kzdix Kiv| Avj­vni ZvInx` I
ivm~jM‡Yi `vIÔAv‡Z Awek¦vm bv K‡i †KD wki&K Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Kv‡RB wk&i‡Ki A_©B ZvInx` I wimvjv‡Z Awek¦vm
Kiv| Aciw`‡K KvD‡K Avj­vni mgK bv †g‡b Cgv‡bi †Kv‡bv i“Kb Awek¦vm Ki‡j Zv ïay Kzdi e‡j MY¨| †hgb hw`
†KD Avj­vni Aw¯—‡Z¡ ev Zuvi cÖwZcvj‡bi GK‡Z¡ Awe¯^vm K‡ib ev gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi wimvjvZ, LvZgyb byeyIqvZ BZ¨vw`
A¯^xKvi K‡ib Z‡e Zv Kzdi n‡jI evn¨Z Zv wkiK bq| KviY Giƒc e¨w³ my¯úó KvD‡K Avj­vni mv‡_ Zzjbxq e‡j `vwe
Ki‡Q bv| wKš‘ cÖK…Zc‡ Giƒc Kzd‡ii mv‡_I wkiK RwoZ| KviY Giƒc e¨w³ †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bvfv‡e G wqòy Ro
wek¦‡K gnvb Avj­vn gZ Abvw`-Abš— e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡Q, wek¦ cwiPvjbvq cÖK…wZ ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv kw³‡K wek¦vm Ki‡Q|
wØZxqZ, Kzdi ev Awek¦v‡mi Ab¨Zg cÖKvk wkiK| mvaviYfv‡e hy‡M hy‡M Awek¦vmxMY gnvb Avj­vni Aw¯—Z¡, Zuvi ¸Yvevwj
ev Zuvi gvÕeyw`q¨vZ ev Dcvm¨Z¡ A¯^xKvi K‡i Kzdix K‡i wb, eis G¸wj‡Z Zvi mv‡_ Ab¨ KvD‡K kixK ev Askx`vi e‡j wek¦vm
K‡iB Kzdix K‡i‡Q| GRb¨ KziAvb I nv`x‡m Kzd‡ii eY©bvq wki‡Ki K_vB †ewk ejv n‡q‡Q|
Z…ZxqZ, gnvb Avj­vni †Kv‡bv mgK Kíbv Kiv ev wki‡Ki wewfbœ cÖKvi I cÖKi‡Yi w`‡K `„wó w`‡j Avgiv eyS‡Z
cvwi †h, `yfv‡e wkiK n‡q _v‡K: (1) gnvb Avj­vni †Kv‡bv m„wói cÖwZ AwZ-myaviYv A_ev (2) gnvb Avj­vni cÖwZ Kz-aviYv
ev Ae-aviYv|
wki‡K wbcwZZ gvby‡liv KL‡bv wdwikZv, bex, Ijx, †bKKvi gvbyl, KvivgZ-cÖvß gvbyl, Zv‡`i ¯§„wZweRwoZ ¯’vb, cvnvo,
m~h©, P›`ª BZ¨vw` †Kv‡bv m„wyói wel‡q fw³ I gh©v`v cÖ`v‡b AwZiÄb K‡i Zv‡`i g‡a¨ ÔA‡jŠwKK kw³Õ ev Hk¦wiK gZv Kíbv
K‡i‡Q| A_ev gnvb Avj­vni c~Y©Zvi ¸‡Yi cÖwZ Kz-aviYv †cvlY K‡i Zv‡K m„wói gZ Kíbv K‡i‡Q Ges Zuvi mš—vb, cwil`,
gZvi mxgve×Zv BZ¨vw` Kíbv K‡i‡Q|
KziAvb-nv`x‡m Dwj­wLZ wkiK Ges we‡k¦i wewfbœ RvwZi wkiK ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j Avgiv g~jZ G `ywU welqB †`L‡Z cvB|
Ges G`ywU welqI ci¯úi Awe‡”Q`¨fv‡e RwoZ| Kv‡iv cÖwZ fw³i AwZiÄi A_©B Avj­vni gZv, i“e~weq¨vZ I Dj~wnq¨v‡Zi
cÖwZ Kz-aviYv †cvlY Kiv|
5. 2. 2. wki‡Ki nvKxKZ
Avj­vn Qvov KvD‡K gZvq I m„wó‡Z ev mKj w`K †_‡K Avj­vni mgZzj¨ g‡b Kiv †hgb wkiK, †Zgwb gnvb Avj­vn
KvD‡K wb‡Ri kixK evwb‡q wb‡q‡Qb, ev KvD‡K wKQz A‡jŠwKK gZv, ÔDj~wnq¨vZÕ ev Hk¦wiK gZv I Bev`Z cvIqvi
†hvM¨Zv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb e‡j wek¦vm KivI wkiK| Z‡e mvaviYZ †Kv‡bv gykwiKB KvD‡K mKj w`K †_‡K ev ¯^Kxq fv‡e
Avj­vni mgZzj¨ e‡j wkiK K‡i wb, eis wØZxq ch©v‡qi wkiKB me©`v e¨vcK|
170

B‡Zvc~‡e© cÖ_g I wØZxq Aa¨v‡q KziAvb Kvix‡gi wewfbœ Avqv‡Zi Av‡jv‡K †`‡LwQ †h, Avi‡ei gykwiKMY KvD‡K
Avj­ni gZ ev Avj­vni mgZ‚j¨ mªóv, cÖwZcvjK, me©kw³gvb ev ¯^Kxq gZvq Bjvn ev gve~` wn‡m‡e Avj­vni mgK ev
mgZzj¨ e‡j g‡b KiZ bv| eis gnvb Avj­vn‡KB GKgvÎ mªóv, cÖwZcvjK, me©kw³gvb, gnvwe‡k¦i GKgvÎ mve©‡fŠg gvwjK,
wih&K`vZv, g„Zz¨`vZv I mKj wKQzi cwiPvjK e‡j wek¦vm KiZ| Zviv wek¦vm KiZ †h mK‡jB Avj­vni ev›`v| Z‡e Zviv
wek¦vm KiZ †h, Avj­vni wKQz ev›`v Avj­vni mš‘wó jvf K‡i mvaviY ev›`v‡`i †P‡q D‡aŸ© D‡Vb, hv‡`i‡K Avj­vn Lywk n‡q
wb‡Ri K‡g© I gZvq kixK K‡i‡Qb| G‡`i gva¨‡g Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ jv‡fi Rb¨ I G‡`i kvdvÔAvZ Øviv DcK…Z nIqvi
Rb¨ Zviv G‡`i Bev`Z KiZ| Gfv‡e Avgiv †`wL †h, wKQz ÒA‡jŠwKK gZvqÓ Ges ÒBev`Z cvIqvi †hvM¨ZvqÓ Zviv
Avj­vni wKQz ev›`v‡K Avj­vni mgK ev mgZzj¨ e‡j wek¦vm KiZ| Avi Giƒc Kiv‡KB KziAvb I nv`x‡m ÔAvj­vni mgK
ev mgZzj¨ wba©viY Kiv ejv n‡q‡Q|
G wel‡q kvn IqvwjDj­vn (ivn) e‡jb: Òwki‡Ki nvKxKZ GB †h, †Kv‡bv gvbyl †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv m¤§vwbZ gvby‡li
†‡Î aviYv Ki‡e †h, D³ e¨w³ Øviv †h mKj A‡jŠwKK Kvh© msNwUZ ev cÖKvwkZ nq Zv D³ e¨w³i c~Y©Zvi ¸‡Y ¸Yvwš^Z
nIqvi Kvi‡Y| G mKj A‡jŠwKK Kvh© cÖgvY K‡i †h, mvaviY gvby‡li g‡a¨ cvIqv hvq bv Giƒc wKQz we‡kl ¸Y D³ e¨w³i
g‡a¨ we`¨gvb| Giƒc ¸Y g~jZ GKgvÎ Avj­vniB Av‡Q| Avj­vn hv‡K ÔDj~wnq¨ZÕ ev Giƒc we‡klZ¡ cÖ`vb K‡ib, A_ev
ÔAvj­vnÕ †h e¨w³i mËvi mv‡_ mswgwkªZ nb, A_ev †h e¨w³ Avj­vni hvZ ev mËvi g‡a¨ ÔdvbvÕ ev wejywß jvf K‡i Ges
Avj­vn mËvi mv‡_ ÔevKvÕ ev Aw¯—Z¡ jvf K‡ib, ev Abyiƒc †Kv‡bv fv‡e †h e¨w³‡K Avj­vn Giƒc gZv ev c~Y©Zv cÖ`vb K‡ib
wZwbB †Kej Zv cÖvß nb| Gfv‡e gvby‡li Dj~wnq¨vZ ev Hk¦wiK gZv ev ¸Y jv‡fi c×wZ I cÖKvi m¤ú‡K© gykwiK‡`i
g‡a¨ A‡bK wfwËnxb Kzms¯‹vi we`¨gvb| G wel‡q nv`xm kix‡d ejv n‡q‡Q †h, Avi‡ei KvwdiMY n‡¾i ÔZvjweqvÕi g‡a¨
I KvevNi ZvIqv‡di mgq ejZ:
�ﻙﹶﻠ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﹸﻜ�ﻠ�ﻤﹶﺘ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﺎﹰﻜﻴﹺﺭﹶﺸ ﻻِﺇ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﻙﻴﹺﺭﹶﺸ ﻻ �ﻙ�ﻴ�ﺒﹶﻟ
jveŸvBKv Avj­vû¤§v jveŸvBK.... Avcbvi †Kv‡bv kixK †bB, Z‡e Avcwb wb‡R hv‡K Avcbvi kixK evwb‡q‡Qb †m
Qvov| Giƒc kixKI AvcbviB gvwjKvbvaxb, AvcbviB ev›`v, D³ kixK I Zvi mKj KZ…©Z¡ I ivRZ¡ AvcbviB Aaxb
...| 688
Ab¨Î wZwb Avi‡ei gykwiK‡`i Beivnxg (Av)ÑGi `xb †_‡K wePz¨wZ I wki‡Ki g‡a¨ wbcwZZ nIqvi KviY cÖm‡½
Zv‡`i wki‡Ki cÖK…wZ e¨vL¨v K‡i e‡jb: ÒG mKj gykwiK wek¦m„wói e¨vcv‡i Ges we‡k¦i we„nr welq¸wj cwiPvjbvi e¨cv‡i
Avj­vni †Kv‡bv kixK Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm KiZ bv| Zviv GK_vI ¯^xKvi KiZ †h, Avj­vn hw` †Kv‡bv wKQzi wm×vš— †bb ev
†Kv‡bv welq wba©viY K‡ib Z‡e Zv cwieZ©b ev †iva Kivi gZvI Kv‡iviB †bB| Zviv †KejgvÎ we‡kl wKQz wel‡q wKQz
ev›`v‡K kixK KiZ| KviY Zviv g‡b KiZ †h, GKRb gnvivR Zvi `vm‡`i‡K Ges Zvi wbKUeZ©x wcÖq gvbyl‡`i‡K Zvi
iv‡R¨i wewfbœ GjvKvq wKQz †QvULvU `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Rb¨ †cÖiY K‡ib Ges cieZ©x wb‡`©k bv †`Iqv ch©š— GmKj †QvULvU
welq wb‡R‡`i B”QvgZ cwiPvjbv Kivi gZv Zv‡`i‡K cÖ`vb K‡ib| Zviv Av‡iv aviYv KiZ †h, GKRb gnvivR Zvi
cÖRvM‡Yi LywUbvwU welq wb‡R m¤úbœ ev cwiPvjbv K‡ib bv, eis Aaxb¯’ cÖkvmK I Kg©KZ©v‡`i‡K G mKj welq cwiPvjbvi
`vwqZ¡ †`b| G mKj Kg©KZ©vi Aax‡b hviv Kg© K‡ib ev Zv‡`i mv‡_ mym¤úK© iv‡Lb Zv‡`i wel‡q G mKj Kg©KZ©vi mycvwik
wZwb MÖnY K‡ib| mKj ivRvi gnvivRv ivRvwaivR gnvb Avj­vnI Abyiƒcfv‡e Zuvi wKQz ˆbKU¨cÖvß ev›`v‡K Dj~wn¨v‡qi
Dc‡XŠKb cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb Ges G‡`i weiw³ I mš‘wó‡K Zvi Ab¨vb¨ ev›`v‡`i †‡Î cÖfvegq K‡i w`‡q‡Qb|
G Rb¨ Zviv g‡b KiZ †h, G mKj ˆbKU¨cÖvß ev›`vi ˆbKU¨jv‡fi †Póv Kiv Ri“ix, †hb Zv cÖK…Z gnviv‡Ri wbKU
Zv‡`i Keywjq¨v‡Zi Imxjv n‡Z cv‡i| Avi wnmve I cÖwZd‡ji mgq G‡`i kvdvÔAvZ gnvb Avj­vni `iev‡i Keywj¨qvZ I
MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv cv‡e| G aviYv Zv‡`i g‡bi g‡a¨ Mfxifv‡e †cÖw_Z n‡q hvq| GRb¨ Zv‡`i gb e‡j †h, G mKj ˆbKU¨cÖvß
ev›`v‡`i mvg‡b mvR`v Ki, Zv‡`i Rb¨ RevB-DrmM© Ki, Zv‡`i bv‡g Kmg Ki, Zv‡`i A‡jŠwKK gZvi Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i
Kv‡Q Îvb I mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Ki, cv_‡i, Zvgvq, wcZ‡j ev Ab¨ wKQz‡Z Zv‡`i Qwe I cÖwZK…wZ G‡K ivL, G‡`i G mKj
cÖwZ…KwZ mvg‡b †i‡L G‡`i iƒ‡ni (AvZ¥vi) cÖwZ gyZvIqv¾vn nI| µgvš^‡q cieZ©x cÖRb¥¸wji gvby‡liv gyL©Zvi Kvi‡Y
G‡`i G mKj gywZ© I cÖwZK…wZ‡KB cÖK…Z Bjvn ev gvÔe~` e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡Z _v‡K|Ó 689
5. 2. 3. wki‡Ki cÖKvi‡f`
KziAvb Kvix‡gi cÖvq GK Z…Zxqvsk ZvInx` I wkiK welqK Av‡jvPbv| nv`xm kix‡dI wki‡Ki Av‡jvPbv e¨vcK|
¯^fveZB gymwjg D¤§vni AvwjgMYI wkiK-Kzdi wb‡q e¨vcK Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| wki‡Ki cÖK…wZ Abyaveb Kivi Rb¨ Zviv
wkiK‡K wewfbœfv‡e fvM K‡i‡Qb| wki‡Ki fqvenZv Abymv‡i wki‡K `yfv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q: (1) wkiK AvKevi A_©vr
e„nËi wkiK ev cÖK…Z wkiK Ges (2) wkiK AvmMvi A_©vr z`ªZi wkiK| ZvInx‡`i ˆecix‡Z¨i wfwˇZ wkiK‡K wZbfv‡M
fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avevi KziAvb I nv`x‡m D‡j­wLZ wkiKx Kg©mg~‡ni wfwˇZ wkiK‡K A‡bKfv‡M wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
171

Avgiv cÖ_‡g ZvInx‡`i ˆecix‡Z¨i wfwˇZ wkiK AvKev‡ii cÖKvi‡f` I wkiK AvmMv‡ii cwiPq I cÖKvi‡f` Av‡jvPbv
Kie| Gici wkiK cÖwZ‡iv‡a KziAvb-mybœvni c`‡c Av‡jvPbv cÖm‡½ KziAvb I nv`x‡m ewY©Z wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii wkiK
Av‡jvPbv Kie, Bbkv Avj­vn|
5. 2. 3. 1. ZvInx‡`i ˆecix‡Z¨ wki‡Ki cÖKvi‡f`
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ZvInx‡`i wZbwU ch©vq i‡q‡Q| ZvInx‡`i wecixZB wkiK| GRb¨ wkiK‡KI wZbfv‡M fvM Kiv
nq:
5. 2. 3. 1. 1. cÖwZcvj‡bi wkiK& (ﺔﻴﺒﻭﺒﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﺭﺸﻟﺍ)
Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K m„wó ev cÖwZcvj‡bi wel‡q Avj­vni mv‡_ kixK Kiv| †hgb Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv g‡a¨
m„wó, msnvi, cÖwZcvjb, wih&K `vb, Rxeb `vb, g„Zz¨ `vb, wek¦ cwiPvjbv, g½j-Ag½j BZ¨vw` gZv Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm Kiv|
GLv‡b D‡j­L¨ †h, gnvb Avj­vi i“e~weq¨vZ ev i“e~weq¨v‡Zi †Kv‡bv welq A¯^xKvi KivI G ch©v‡qi wkiK| KviY Giƒc
wek¦vm †cvlYKvix cÖK…wZ ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv RvMwZK kw³‡K i“e~weq¨v‡Zi gZvm¤úbœ e‡j wek¦vm K‡i|
172
5. 2. 3. 1. 2. bvg I ¸Yvewji wki&K ( ﺕﺎﻔﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﺭﺸﻟﺍ)
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, gnvb Avj­vni c~Y©Zvi ¸Yvewj I gnvm¤§vwbZ cweÎ bvgmg~n i‡q‡Q| GmKj ¸Y ev bv‡gi †‡Î
†Kv‡bv m„wó‡K Avj­vni mgK g‡b Kiv G ch©v‡qi wkiK| gnvb Avj­vn‡K †Kv‡bvfv‡e gvbyl ev m„wói mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv A_ev
gvbyl ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv m„wó‡K †Kv‡bvfv‡e gnvb Avj­vni mv‡_ Zzjbxq g‡b Kiv G ch©v‡qi wkiK|
5. 2. 3. 1. 3. Bev`‡Zi wkiK (ﺔﻴﻫﻭﻟﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﺭﺸﻟﺍ)
ÔBev`ZÕ-Gi †‡Î Avj­vn Qvov KvD‡K Avj­vni mgK e‡j wek¦vm Kiv ev Avj­vn Qvov KvD‡K Bev`Z Kiv‡K ÔBev`‡Zi
wki&KÕ ejv nq| Bev`‡Zi A_© Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Bev`Z A_© cÖMvp fq I Avkv-wgwkªZ P~ovš—
fw³-webq I AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvk| gnvb Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv cÖwZ Giƒc A‡jŠwKK fw³ I AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvkB Bev`‡Zi wkiK|
5. 2. 3. 2. wki&K Avm&Mvi (ﺭﻐﺼﻷﺍ ﻙﺭﺸﻟﺍ)
†h wek¦vm, K_v ev Kg© wki‡Ki gZ n‡jI cÖK…Z wki‡Ki ch©v‡q †cuŠ‡Q wb Zv‡K wkiK AvmMvi ejv nq| †hgb
Avvj­vni Bev`Z Kivi †‡Î gvbyl‡`i †_‡K cÖksmv, mybvg ev RvMwZK †Kv‡bv wKQz Avkv Kiv, A_ev Ggb K_v ejv hv‡Z
evn¨Z Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K Avj­vni mv‡_ Zzjbxq e‡j g‡b n‡Z cv‡i, hw`I e³vi D‡Ïk¨ Zv bq|
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, cÖK…Z wki&K n‡jv Avj­vn Qvov KvD‡K Avj­vni wcÖqcvÎ nIqvi ev Avj­vni mv‡_ we‡kl m¤úK© _vKvi
hyw³‡Z ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv hyw³‡Z wek¦ cwiPvjbvq wKQz AwaKvi Ges Bev`Z jv‡fi AwaKvi Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm Kiv, Ges Zvi wbKU
†_‡K A‡jŠwKK mvnvh¨, `qv, ei, Avkxe©v` ev †bK`„wó jv‡fi Rb¨ ev Zvi A‡jŠwKK †µva, Awfkvc ev weiw³ †_‡K AvZ¥iv
Kivi Rb¨ Zvi wbKU P~ovš— ev A‡jŠwKK fw³ I webq cÖKvk Kiv| cvš—‡i wki&K AvmMv‡ii †‡Î Bev`ZKvix KvD‡K Avj­vni
mgK, i“e~weq¨vZ ev Dj~wnq¨v‡Zi AwaKvix e‡j wek¦vm K‡i bv, Z‡e Zvi Kg© I K_v Giƒc wek¦v‡mi KvQvKvwQ P‡j hvq| †h
†Kv‡bv wkiK AvmMi wkiK AvKe‡i cwiYZ n‡Z cv‡i| KviY g~j welqwU wbf©i K‡i D‡Ïk¨ I wek¦v‡mi Dc‡i| wkiK
AvmMv‡ii wewfbœ cÖKvi Av‡jvPbv Ki‡j Dfq ch©v‡qi wki‡Ki g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Av‡iv my¯úó n‡e|
wkiK AvmMv‡ii cÖKvi I cÖKvk¸wji g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg:
5. 2. 3. 2. 1. wiqv ev cÖ`k©‡b”Qv
wiqv (ﺀﺎﻴﺭﻟﺍ) A_© †`Lv‡bv, cÖ`k©b Kiv (To act ostentatiously, make a show before people, attitudinize,
to do eyeservice)| Avj­vni Rb¨ KiYxq Bev`Z cvj‡bi g‡a¨ gvby‡li `k©b, cÖksmv ev evnevi B”Qv †cvlY Kiv‡K wiqv
e‡j|
gywg‡bi Bev`Z aŸsm Kivi Rb¨ kqZv‡bi Ab¨Zg duv` GB ÔwiqvÕ| KziAvb I nv`x‡m wiqv ev cÖ`k©‡b”Qvi fqvenZv
m¤ú‡K© mZK© Kiv n‡q‡Q| ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb †h, wKqvg‡Zi w`b me©cÖ_g hv‡`i‡K Rvnvbœv‡g wb‡c Kiv n‡e Zv‡`i
g‡a¨ _vK‡e GKRb eo Avwjg, GKRb cÖwm× knx` I GKRb eo `vZv| Zviv AvRxeb Avj­vni Bev`Z e‡›`wM‡Z KvUv‡jI
wiqvi Kvi‡Y Zviv aŸsmMÖ¯— nq| 690
wewfbœ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � wiqv‡K ÔwkiK AvmMviÕ A_©vr Ô†QvU wkiKÕ ev ÔwkiK LvdxÕ A_©vr Ôj~°wqZ wkiKÕ e‡j
AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb| KviY, ev›`v Avj­vni Rb¨ Bev`Z Ki‡jI Ab¨ m„wó †_‡KI †mRb¨ wKQz Ôcyi¯‹viÕ ev cÖksmv Avkv K‡i
Avj­vni mv‡_ Ab¨‡K kwiK K‡i| G wki‡Ki Kvi‡Y gymwjg Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ bv n‡jI Zvi Bev`Z Keyj n‡e bv| gvng~`
Beby jvex` e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﱠل�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﺯ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴ�ﺭﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ �ﺭﹶﻐ�ﺼَﻷﺍ �ﻙ�ﺭﱢﺸﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﺭﹶﻐ�ﺼَﻷﺍ �ﻙ�ﺭﱢﺸﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹸﻑﺎﹶﺨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹶﻑ�ﻭﹾﺨَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ
�ﺀﺍ�ﺯ�ﺠ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩﹺﺠﹶﺘ ْل�ﻫ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹸﻅﹾﻨﺎﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻴﹾﻨ�ﺩﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﺀﺍ�ﺭﹸﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﺍﻭ�ﺒ�ﻫﹾﺫﺍ �ﻡﹺﻬِﻟﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋَﺄﹺﺒ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻱﹺﺯ�ﺠ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ
ÒAvwg me‡P‡q †ewk †h welqwU †Zvgv‡`i e¨vcv‡i fq cvB Zv n‡jv wkiK AvmMvi ev z`ªZi wkiK| mvnvexMY cÖkœ

K‡ib: †n Avj­vni ivm~j, wkiK AvmMvi Kx? wZwb e‡jb: wiqv ev cÖ`k©‡b”Qv| wKqvg‡Zi w`b hLb gvbyl‡`i Zv‡`i K‡g©i
cÖwZdj †`Iqv n‡e ZLb gnvb Avj­vn G‡`i‡K ej‡eb, †Zvgiv hv‡`i †`Lv‡Z Zv‡`i wbKU hvI, †`L Zv‡`i Kv‡Q †Zvgv‡`i
cyi¯‹vi cvI wK bv!Ó 691
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Ave~ mvC` Ly`ix (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
ﻲﱢﻠـ�ﺼ�ﻴ ُلـ�ﺠ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻡﻭـﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻲ�ﻔﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﺭﱢﺸﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﺒ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠﹸﻗ َلﺎﹶﻗ ِلﺎ�ﺠ�ﺩﻟﺍ ﹺﺢﻴ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻱ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹸﻑ�ﻭﹾﺨَﺃ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺭﹺﺒﹾﺨُﺃ ﻻَﺃ
ٍل�ﺠ�ﺭ ﹺﺭﹶﻅﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻯ�ﺭ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤِﻟ �ﻪﹶﺘﻼ�ﺼ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺯ�ﻴﹶﻓ
Ò`v¾v‡ji †P‡qI †h welq Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ †ewk fq cvB †m welqwU wK †Zvgv‡`i‡K eje bv? Avgiv ejjvg, nü v,
Aek¨B ejyb| wZwb e‡jb, welqwU †Mvcb wki&K| Zv GB †h, GKRb mvjv‡Z `uvov‡e Gici hLb †`L‡e †h gvbyl Zvi w`‡K
ZvKv‡”Q ZLb †m mvjvZ my›`i Ki‡e| 692
GLv‡b jYxq †h, ev›`v hw` Bev`‡Zi fw³ I webq cÖKvk GKgvÎ Avj­vni Rb¨B g‡b K‡i, †Kej gvby‡li wKQz cÖksmv
Avkv K‡i Z‡e Zv wiqv e‡j MY¨ n‡e| Avi hw` ev›`v †Kej gvby‡li †`Lv‡bvi Rb¨B Bev`ZwU K‡i Z‡e Zv wkiK AvKevi e‡j
MY¨ n‡e| Df‡qi cv_©K¨ GB †h, cÖ_g ch©v‡q ev›`v †jvK bv †`L‡jI Bev`ZwU cvjb Ki‡e| cvš—‡i wØZxq ch©v‡q ev›`v †jvK
bv †`L‡j Bev`ZwU cvjbB Ki‡e bv|
5. 2. 3. 2. 2. Imxjv-DcKiY welqK wkiK
gnvb Avj­vn G we‡k¦i meKwQ GKwU wba©vwiZ wbq‡gi Aš—f©y³ K‡i m„wó K‡i‡Qb, hv‡K ÔmybœvZzj­vnÕ ejv nq| †hgb Av¸‡b
†cvov, we‡l g„Zz¨ nIqv, †iŠ‡`ª Mig nIqv, cvwb‡Z wfR‡j VvÊv jvMv, S‡o ev cÖej evZv‡m MvQcvjv ev evwoNi †f‡½ hvIqv
BZ¨vw`| Giƒc Kvh©-KviY wek¦vmx-Awek¦vmx mK‡jB Rv‡bb| gywgb wek¦vm K‡ib †h, me wKQzi g~j KviY gnvb Avj­vni B”Qv I
`qv| RvMwZK G wbqg Avj­vniB m„wó Ges ZuviB wbqš¿‡Y Zv KvR K‡i| Avj­vn B”Qv Ki‡j wbq‡gi Kvh©KvwiZ ¯’wMZ ev bó
Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Giƒc wek¦vm mn gywgb ej‡Z cv‡ib, e„wó‡Z wf‡R VvÊv †j‡M‡Q, e„wói Kvi‡Y dmj fvj n‡q‡Q, we‡li cÖfv‡e Zvi
g„Zz¨ N‡U‡Q, S‡oi Kvi‡Y MvQ¸wj †f‡½ wM‡q‡Q, cPvevwm †L‡q †cU bó n‡q‡Q, Jla †L‡q kixiUv fvj jvM‡Q ... BZ¨vw`| Giƒc
ejv †Kv‡bviƒc Ab¨vq e‡j we‡ewPZ nq bv, hw`I gywgb G mKj †‡ÎI gnvb Avj­vni B”Qvi K_v my¯úó ej‡Z fvjev‡mb| Z‡e
hw` †KD wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Avj­vni B”Qv QvovB Jla †ivM mvivq, wel gvbyl gv‡i, So MvQ fv‡½ ev Abyiƒc †Kv‡bv wek¦vm hw`
wZwb †cvlY K‡ib Z‡e Zv ÔwkiK AvKeviÕ e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
Av‡iK cÖKvi DcKiY-Imxjv Av‡Q hv RvMwZK bq, eis wek¦v‡mi welq gvÎ| wewfbœ ag©wek¦v‡mi gva¨‡g wek¦vmx‡`i
g‡a¨ wek¦vm R‡b¥ †h, we‡k¦i mKj ev we‡kl †Kv‡bv Kv‡h©i wcQ‡b AgyK KviYwU we`¨gvb| AgyK KviYwU bv n‡j Kvh©wU n‡Zv
bv| †hgb GKRb L„÷vb ej‡Z cv‡ib, hxïi B”Qvq KvRwU n‡q‡Q, GKRb wn›`y ej‡Z cv‡ib, AgyK †`ex ev †`eZvi Ki‡Y
AgyK KvRwU n‡q‡Q| ivwki cÖfv‡e wek¦vmx ej‡Z cv‡ib, AgyK ivwki cÖfv‡e G KvRwU n‡q‡Q|
RvMwZK DcKiY Ges wek¦v‡mi DcKi‡Yi gva¨‡g cv_©K¨ LyeB ¯úó| RvMwZK DcKiYvw`i †‡Î wek¦vmx-Awek¦vmx Ges
mKj a‡g©i gvbylB GKgZ| †KD hw` e‡jb, Lv‡`¨ welwµqvq †jvKwUi †cU bó n‡q‡Q Z‡e †KD K_vwU‡K Aev¯—e e‡j Dwo‡q
w`‡eb bv, Z‡e wek¦vmx wek¦vm K‡ib †h, gnvb Avj­vni B”Qv‡ZB Zv N‡U‡Q| cvš—‡i wek¦vm wfwËK DcKiY-Imxjv¸wj Ab¨
wek¦v‡mi gvby‡li cvMjvwg e‡j †n‡m Dwo‡q w`‡eb|
GKRb gywgb Zvi wek¦vmwfwËK DcKiYvw` Rvbv I ejvi †‡Î Aek¨B KziAvb I nv`x‡mi my¯úó wkvi Dci wbf©i
Ki‡eb| RvMwZK fv‡e hv KviY, DcKiY ev Imxjv bq Ges KziAvb ev nv`x‡m hv‡K Giƒc DcKiY ev KviY wn‡m‡e D‡j­L
Kiv nq wb Zv‡K †Kv‡bv wKQzi KviY ev DcKiY e‡j D‡j­L Ki‡j Zv wek¦v‡mi Ae¯’v Abymv‡i wki&K AvKevi ev wki&K AvmMvi
n‡Z cv‡i|
†hgb GKRb gywgb ej‡Z cv‡ib †h, hvKvZ cÖ`vb bv Kivi Kvi‡Y Abve„wó n‡q‡Q, Ih‡b, cwigv‡b Kg ev †fRvj
†`Iqvi Kvi‡Y RxebhvÎvi KvwVb¨ I Akvwš— Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q, b¨vq wePvi bv _vKv‡Z †`‡ki Dci we‡`kx kw³i cÖvavb¨
†e‡o‡Q... whK&i-BmwZMdv‡ii Kvi‡Y wih‡K eiKZ G‡m‡Q, Cgvb I ZvKIqvi cÖmviZvi Kvi‡Y †`‡k kvwš— I eiKZ
G‡m‡Q....| gywgb G¸wj e‡jb Ges wek¦vm K‡ib †h, G¸wj mwZ¨Kvi KviY I DcKiY-Imxjv| KziAvb I nv`x‡m my¯úóZ
G¸wj‡K G mKj wel‡qi KviY wn‡m‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q|
wKš‘ gywgb ej‡Z cv‡ib bv †h, AgyK ivwki cÖfv‡e e„wó n‡q‡Q ev mybvwg n‡q‡Q ev AgyK ivwk‡Z P›`ª ev m~h©MÖn‡Yi d‡j
AgyK welqwU N‡U‡Q| KviY G¸wj KL‡bvB RvMwZK ˆeÁvwbK Kvh©Ki‡Yi Aš—f©y³ bq Ges KziAvb-nv`xm wb‡`©wkZ KviYI
bq| we‡klZ cÖvPxb hy‡Mi ZviKv c~Rvix ev MÖn-b‡Îi c~RvwiMY iwk ev MÖn-b‡Îi cÖfv‡e wek¦vmx wQ‡jb| G K_v¸wj
Zv‡`iB K_v| hw` †KD cÖK…ZB wek¦vm K‡ib †h, ivwkPµ BZ¨vw`i wbR¯^ cÖfve Av‡Q wek¦ cwiPvjbv I we‡k¦i wewfbœ welq
msNU‡bi †‡Î Z‡e wZwb wkiK AvKev‡i wjß cÖK…Z gykwiK e‡j MY¨|
Abyiƒcfv‡e hw` †KD g‡b K‡ib Avj­vni B”Qv‡ZB Giƒc nq, Z‡e Avj­vn AgyK ivwk Dcj‡ Giƒc K‡ib Z‡e Zv
173

wkiK AvmMvi ch©v‡qi KwVb Kexiv †Mvbvn e‡j MY¨ n‡e| KviY wZwb evn¨Z wkiKx K_v e‡j‡Qb Ges Avj­vni †bqvgZ Ab¨
wKQzi cÖwZ Av‡ivc K‡i‡Qb| Dciš‘ Zv Avj­vni bv‡g KwVb wg_¨Pvi e‡j MY¨ n‡e| KviY KL‡bv †Kv_vI Aj­vn Inxi gva¨‡g
Rvbvb wb †h, G¸wj Giƒc wel‡qi KviY|
Avi hw` †KD c~e©eZ©x a‡g©i cÖfv‡e K_vi g‡a¨ Giƒc e‡j †d‡jb wKš‘ wZwb wek¦vm K‡ib †h, G¸wji GKgvÎ
cwiPvjK Avj­vn, ivwkPµ ev Abyiƒc †Kv‡bv wKQz G‡‡Î †Kv‡bviƒc `Lj †bB, Z‡e Zv ÔwkiK AvmMviÕ e‡j MY¨ n‡e, hv
KwVb Kexiv †Mvbvn| KviY wZwb gnvb Avj­vni †`Iqv GKwU wbqvgZ‡K Ggb wel‡qi mv‡_ mshy³ K‡i‡Qb hvi mv‡_ Gi
†Kv‡bviƒc m¤úK© †bB| wZwb Zvi K_vq Avj­vni wbqvgZ A¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb|
hvB` Beby Lvwj` Avj-Rynvbx (iv) e‡jb, û`vBweqvq Ae¯’vbKv‡j ivwÎKv‡j wKQz e„wócvZ nq| cÖZz¨‡l ivm~jyj­vn �
Avgv‡`i wb‡q mvjvZzj dvRi Av`vq K‡ib| mvjvZ †kl K‡i wZwb mg‡eZ gvbyl‡`i w`‡K gyL K‡i e‡jb, †Zvgiv wK Rvb,
†Zvgv‡`i ieŸ wK e‡j‡Qb? Zuviv e‡jb, ÔAvj­vn Ges Zuvi ivm~j DËg Rv‡bbÕ| wZwb e‡jb, gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb,
ﹺﺏـﹶﻜ�ﻭﹶﻜﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﺭ�ﻓﺎـﹶﻜ ﻲﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِل�ﻀﹶﻔﹺﺒ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺭ�ﻁ�ﻤ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤَﺄﹶﻓ �ﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ ﻲﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ ﻱ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺢ�ﺒ�ﺼَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻗ
ﹺﺏﹶﻜ�ﻭﹶﻜﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ
ﻲﹺﺒ �ﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻓ ﺍﹶﺫﹶﻜ�ﻭ ﺍﹶﺫﹶﻜ �ﺀ�ﻭﹶﻨﹺﺒ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺭ�ﻁ�ﻤ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤَﺃ�ﻭ
ÒAvgvi ev›`v‡`i g‡a¨ †KD mKv‡j Avgvi cÖwZ Cgvb G‡b‡Q Ges †KD Avgvi cÖwZ Kzd&ix K‡i‡Q| †h e¨w³ e‡j‡Q, Avgiv
Avj­vni gnvbyfeZv I `qvi Kvi‡Y e„wó †c‡qwQ †m Avgvi cÖwZ Cgvb`vi Ges MÖnb‡Îi cÖwZ Kvwdi| Avi †h e¨w³ e‡j‡Q,
Avgiv AgyK AgyK ivwki d‡j e„wó †c‡qwQ Zviv Avgvi cÖwZ Kzdix K‡i‡Q Ges MÖnb‡Î Cgvb G‡b‡Q|Ó 693
5. 2. 3. 2. 3. Avj­vni mgK ÁvcK evK¨ ejv
G ch©v‡qi wkiK AvmMv‡ii cÖK…wZ GB †h, RvMwZK ev wek¦vmMZ †Kv‡bv cÖK…Z ÔKviYÕ-†K gnvb Avj­vni cvkvcvwk
Ggbfv‡e D‡j­L Kiv hv‡Z Dfq ÔKviYÕ mgvb ¸i“‡Z¡i e‡j g‡b nq| †hgb e„wócv‡Zi d‡j dmj fvj nIqv GKwU RvMwZK
KviY| †KD ej‡Z cv‡ib †h, e„wócvZ fvj nIqvq dmj fvj n‡q‡Q| Z‡e gywgb wek¦vm K‡ib †h, fvj e„wócvZ Avj­vni B”Qv I
wbqš¿‡YB n‡q‡Q| G‡‡Î †KD hw` e‡jb ÔAvj­vni B”Qv I fvj e„wócv‡Zi d‡j Giƒc n‡q‡QÕ, Z‡e Zv wkiK AvmMi e‡j MY¨
n‡e| hw` e³v wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Avj­vni B”Qv Ges e„wócvZ `ywUB ¯^Zš¿ KviY Z‡e Zv wkiK AvKevi e‡j MY¨ n‡e| Avi hw`
wZwb K_v”Q‡j Giƒc e‡jb Ges cÖK…Zc‡ wek¦vm K‡ib †h, GKgvÎ Avj­vni B”Qv‡ZB mewKQz nq Z‡e Zv wkiK AvmMvi e‡j
MY¨ n‡e| KviY wZwb evn¨Z Ab¨ GKwU mvaviY KviY‡K gnvb Avj­vni mgZzj¨ e‡j cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb|
Abyiƒcfv‡e GK e¨w³ Ab¨ e¨w³‡K RvMwZK †Kv‡bv wec` †_‡K D×vi Kivi Kvi‡Y D×viK…Z e¨w³ hw` e‡j ÔAvj­vn
Ges Avcwb bv n‡j Avgvi wec` KvUZ bvÕ Z‡e ZvI Dc‡ii K_vi gZB wkiK AvKevi ev AvmMvi e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
RvMwZK-†jŠwKK †Kv‡bv wel‡q †Kv‡bv gvbyl Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gvbyl‡K ej‡Z cv‡ib ÔG wel‡q Avcwb hv ej‡eb ZvB
n‡e,Õ A_ev ÔAvcwb hv PvB‡eb ZvB n‡eÕ| †hgb weevn kvw`, µq weµq BZ¨vw`| wKš‘ wZwb hw` e‡jb: ÔAvj­vn I Avcwb hv
Pvb ZvB n‡eÕ Z‡e Zv Dc‡ii K_v¸wji gZ wkiK AvmMvi ev AvKevi e‡j MY¨ n‡e| hw` †KD e‡j, Ô†n Avgxi, †n mgªvU,
†n gš¿x g‡nv`q, Avj­vn hv Pvb Ges Avcwb hv Pvb ZvB n‡eÕ Z‡e Zv wkiK AvKevi ev AvmMvi| Z‡e wZwb hw` e‡jb, Ò‡n
mgªvU ev Avgxi, Avj­vn hv B”Qv K‡ib, Ges Gici Avcw&b hv B”Qv K‡ib...Ó Z‡e Zv wkiK e‡j MY¨ n‡e bv|
GLv‡b K‡qKwU ch©vq jYxq:
cÖ_gZ, gvbexq B”Qvi cwimi mK‡jiB cwiÁvZ| gvbyl Zviv B”Qvaxb ev KZ…©Z¡vaxb wel‡q wb‡Ri B”Qv Abymv‡i KvR
Ki‡Z cv‡i| cvš—‡i gnvb Avj­vni B”Qvi cÖK…wZ m¤ú~Y© wfbœ| gvby‡li B”Qv †jŠwKK Ges gnvb Avj­vni B”Qv ÔA‡jŠwKKÕ ev
ÔAcvw_©eÕ| mg¯— m„wóRMZ Zuvi B”Qvaxb| wZwb hv B”Qv K‡ib ZvB N‡U| wZwb ÔnIÕ ej‡jB me n‡q hvq| Giƒc ÔB”QvÕ-i
AwaKvix GKgvÎ gnvb Avj­vn Rvj­v Rvjvjyû| †KD hw` wek¦vm K‡i †h, gnvb Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv Giƒc ÔA‡jŠwKKÕ B”Qv Av‡Q
ev Ab¨ KvD‡K gnvb Avj­vn Lywk n‡q Giƒc gZv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb Z‡e Zv wkiK& AvKevi Ges gnvb Avj­vni bv‡g RNb¨
wg_¨vPvi| gnvb Avj­vn KvD‡K Giƒc B”Qv ev gZv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb e‡j †Kv_vI Rvbvb wb| Avgiv cieZ©x Av‡jvPbvq †`Le †h,
Avi‡ei Kvwdi‡`i wki‡Ki g~j wfwË wQj Giƒc wPš—v| Zviv bex-Ijx‡`i gywRhv-KvivgZ Ges wdwikZv‡`i `vwqZ¡ I mycvwikMÖnY
welqK Inxi wb‡`©kbv¸wj‡K weK…Z e¨vL¨v K‡i G mKj welq‡K Zv‡`i A‡jŠwKK B”Qv I gZv cÖ`v‡bi cÖgvY wn‡m‡e e¨envi
KiZ| †KD hw` Giƒc A‡_© e‡j †h ÔAvj­vn Ges Avcw&b hv Pvb ZvB n‡eÕ Z‡e Zv wkiK AvKevi Ges Gi ms‡kvabx n‡jv Ôgnvb
Avj­vn GKvB hv Pvb ZvB n‡e, A‡b¨i B”Qvi g~j †bB|
wØZxqZ, †KD hw` gvbexq B”Qv I gnvb Avj­vni B”Qvi cv_©K¨ Abyaveb I wek¦vm Kivi c‡iI gvby‡li B”Pvaxb †Kv‡bv
wel‡qi Av‡jvPbvq e‡jb: ÔAvj­vn Ges Avcwb hv PvbÕ A_ev e‡jb ÔAvj­vn hv Pvb Ges Avcwb hv PvbÕ Ges Zvi D‡Ïk¨ nq †h, G
wel‡q wm×vš— MÖnY Kivi cy‡iv GLwZqvi Avcbvi i‡q‡Q, Z‡e gnvb Avj­vni B”Pv m‡e©vcwi Kvh©Ki, Z‡e Zvi G K_vwU wkiK
AvmMi| Zvi wek¦vm mwVK _vK‡jI Zvi K_vq Zvi wek¦‡mi cÖwZdjb N‡Uwb| G‡‡Î Giƒc ev‡K¨i ms‡kvabx n‡jv ÔAvj­vn hv
Pvb ZvB n‡e, AZtci Avcbvi B”QvÕ ev Abyiƒc evK¨|
174

175
KvZxjv webZz mvBdx (iv) e‡jb,
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ÒGKRb Bn~`x cwÊZ ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wbKU AvMgb K‡i e‡jb, Avcbviv †Zv wkiK K‡ib, KviY Avcbviv e‡jb:
ÔAvj­vn hv Pvb Ges Zzwg hv PvIÕ Ges Avcbviv e‡jb: ÒKvevi KmgÕ| ZLb ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb, †Zvgiv ej‡e: ÔAvj­vn hv
Pvb, Gici Zzwg hv PvIÕ, Ges ej‡e: ÔKvevi cÖwZcvj‡Ki KmgÕ|Ó 694
ûhvBdv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻥﻼﹸﻓ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻗ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻥﻼﹸﻓ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ ﻻ
Ò†Zvgiv ej‡e bv: ÔAvj­vn hv B”Qv K‡ib Ges AgyK hv B”Qv K‡iÕ eis †Zvgiv ej‡e: ÒAvj­vn hv B”Qv K‡ib, AZtci AgyK
hv B”Qv K‡i|Ó 695
ZzdvBj Beby Avãyj­vn Beby mvLevivn (iv) e‡jb,
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ÒwZwb ¯^‡cœ KwZcq L„÷vb‡K †`‡L Zv‡`i‡K e‡jb, †ZvgivB mwZ¨Kvi fvj RvwZ e‡j MY¨ n‡Z, hw` bv †Zvgiv ej‡Z
Ôgvmxn Avj­vni cyÎÕ| ZLb Zviv e‡j, Ô†ZvgivI mwZ¨Kvi fvj RvwZ e‡j MY¨ n‡Z hw` bv †Zvgiv ej‡Z: ÔAvj­vn hv Pvb Ges
gynv¤§v` (�) hv Pvb|Õ Gici Zuvi mvvZ nq GK`j Bn~`xi mv‡_| wZwb e‡jb, †ZvgivB mwZ¨Kvi fvj RvwZ e‡j MY¨ n‡Z,
hw` bv †Zvgiv ej‡Z ÔDhvBi Avj­vni cyÎÕ| ZLb Zviv e‡j, Ô†ZvgivI mwZ¨Kvi fvj RvwZ e‡j MY¨ n‡Z hw` bv †Zvgiv ej‡Z:
ÔAvj­vn hv Pvb Ges gynv¤§v` (�) hv Pvb|Õ wZwb e‡jb, ZLb Avwg ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wbKU AvMgb Zv‡K G ¯^‡cœi K_v ejjvg|
wZwb ej‡jb, Zzwg wK G wel‡q Ab¨‡`i‡K Rvwb‡qQ? Avwg ejjvg: nü v| wZwb ZLb Avj­vni cÖksmv Ki‡jb Zuvi ¸YeY©bv Ki‡jb
Ges ej‡jb: †Zvgv‡`i fvB (ZzdvBj) †h ¯^cœ †`‡L‡Q Zv †Zvgiv †R‡bQ| †Zvgiv Giƒc K_v ej‡Z hv Avwg AcQ›` KiZvg, ïay
j¾vi Kvi‡Y †Zvgv‡`i wb‡la Kwi wb| †Zvgiv ej‡e bv: ÔAvj­vn hv Pvb Ges gynv¤§v` (�) hv PvbÓ, eis †Zvgiv ej‡e: ÒAvj­vn
GKvB hv Pvb, Zvi †Kv‡bv kixK †bB|Ó 696
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Beby AveŸvm (iv) e‡jb,
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�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻤ : � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻠِﻟ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﻼ�ﺠ�ﺭ �ﻥﺇ
. �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ
ÒGK e¨w³ ivm~jyj­vn (�)-‡K e‡jb: ÔÔAvj­vn hv B”Qv K‡ib Ges Avcwb hv B”Qv K‡ib|Ó ZLb wZwb Zv‡K e‡jb:
ÒZzwg Avgv‡K Avj­vni mgK evwb‡q w`‡j?! eis Avj­vni GKvi B”QvB P~ovš—|Ó 698
GLv‡b jYxq †h, Ab¨vb¨ gvby‡li †‡Î ÔAvj­vn hv Pvb AZtci Avcwb hv PvbÕ ej‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi †‡Î AwaKvsk nv`x‡m ÔGKgvÎ Avj­vn hv PvbÕ ej‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| Avgiv Rvwb †h, mvnvexMY ÔAvj­vn
hv Pvb Ges gynv¤§&` (�) hv PvbÕ, A_ev ÔAvj­vn hv Pvb, AZtci gynv¤§v` (�) hv PvbÕ ej‡Zb Zuvi RxeÏkvq, hLb RvMwZKfv‡e
Zuvi B”Qv I wm×vš— MÖn‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb coZ Ges Zuviv Zuvi wm×v‡š—i gyLv‡cx n‡Zb| wek¦ cwiPvjbv ev A‡jŠwKK ÔB”QvÕ GKvgvÎ
gnvb Avj­vniB| Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© AMwYZ AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi gva¨‡g †R‡bwQ †h, Kv‡iv g½j, Ag½j, wec` `vb, wec` †_‡K
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K‡ib wb| G‡‡Î GKgvÎ gnvb Avj­vni B”Qv Qvov Kv‡iv B”Qv ev gZv †bB| GRb¨ Avgiv †`wL †h, Zuvi Idv‡Zi c‡i
mvnvexMY Zuvi ivIhvq †h‡q KL‡bvB e‡jb wb †h, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, Avj­vn hv Pvb Ges Gici Avcwb hv Pvb, Kv‡RB Avcwb&
Avgv‡`i G wec` ev Amyweav †_‡K D×v‡ii wel‡q B”Qv MÖnY Ki“b|
ivm~jyj­vn � wQ‡jb gymwjg D¤§vni ivR‰bwZK I ag©xq †bZv| g~jZ mKj Kv‡R Zvi B”Qv I wm×vš—B wQj P~ovš—| GQvov
gnvb Avj­vni wbKU Zuvi gnvb ivm~‡ji (�) gh©v`v AZzjbxq| wZwb wKQz B”Qv Ki‡j gnvb Avj­vn Zv iv Ki‡Zb| †hgb wZwb
KvevNi‡K wKejv wn‡m‡e †c‡Z AvMÖn †eva KiwQ‡jb| gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi G AvMÖn c~iY K‡ib Ges Kvev‡K wKejv wn‡m‡e †NvlYv
w`‡q AvqvZ bvwhj K‡ib| 699 Kv‡RB mvaviYfv‡e Ab¨vb¨ gvby‡li B”Qv mswk­ó wel‡q- UvKv cÖ`vb, PvKzix cÖ`vb, Rwg `vb, kvw¯—
gIKzd BZ¨vw` wel‡q †hgb ejv hvq Ô†n Avgxi ev †n †bZv, Avj­vn hv Pvb Gici Avcwb hv PvbÕ, †Zgwbfv‡e gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi
B”Qv mswk­ó †Kv‡bv wel‡q Abyiƒc ejvq †Kv‡bv AvcwË _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv eY©bvq Giƒc ejvi AbygwZ wZwb
mvnvexMY‡K w`‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ AwaKvsk nv`x‡mB ÔGKgvÎ Avj­vn hv PvbÕ ej‡Z wkwL‡q‡Qb wZwb|
Gi KviY, m¤¢eZ, RvMwZK ivRv, ev`kvn, Avgxi, mI`vMi †bZv ev Abyiƒc e¨w³ Gfv‡e Avj­vni B”Qvi c‡i Zvi bvgwU
D‡j­L Ki‡j Zv‡Z Avbw›`Z nb| cvš—‡i ivm~jyj­vn � wQ‡jb gnvb Avj­vni B”Qvi wbKU wPimgwc©Z| Avj­vni B”Qv wZwb Inxi
gva¨‡g AeMZ n‡Zb Ges †m Abymv‡iB wm×vš— wb‡Zb| Avi Giƒc cÖksmv wZwb AcQ›` Ki‡Zb|
wkiK AvmMvi RvZxq Giƒc K_vevZ©vi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q: Avwg Avj­vni I Avcbvi Dci wbf©i K‡i AvwQ, Dc‡i Avj­vn Ges
wb‡P Avcwb Qvov Avi †KD †bB Avgvi, Avgvi Rb¨ Avj­vn Ges Avcwb Qvov †KD †bB| Avj­vn Ges Avcwb bv n‡j KvRwU
n‡Zv bv, BZ¨vw`|
G mKj †‡Î hw` e³v cÖK…ZB wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Avj­vni B”Qvi cvkvcvwk D³ e¨w³i B”QviI GKBiƒc cÖfve i‡q‡Q
Z‡e Zv wkiK AvKevi e‡j MY¨ n‡e| Avi hw` K_vi g‡a¨ Awb”QvK…Z G‡m hvq Ges e³v wek¦vm K‡ib †h GKgvÎ Avj­vni
B”QvB Kvh©Ki Z‡e Zv wkiK& AvmMi e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, G mKj †‡Î Ae¨q e¨env‡i Ges evK¨ MV‡b mZK© n‡Z wkv w`‡q‡Qb ivm~jyj­vn �|
†hgb Avj­vni B”Qv‡ZB n‡jv Avi Gici wQj Avcbvi †Póv ... Avj­vni Rb¨B †eu‡P †Mjvg, Avi Gici wQj Avcbvi Ae`vb
...|
5. 2. 3. 2. 4. ÔMvBi“j­vnÕi bv‡g kc_ Kiv
hv‡K gvbyl A‡jŠwKKfv‡e cweÎ I A‡jŠwKK Ávb I gZvi AwaKvix e‡j wek¦vm K‡i Zvi bv‡g KL‡bv wg_¨v ej‡Z †m
m¤§Z nq bv| KviY †m Rv‡b †h, G‡`i bvg wb‡q wg_¨v ej‡j G‡`i A‡jŠwKK Av‡µvk ev Awfkvc Zvi Dci cwZZ n‡e|
GRb¨ cÖvPxb hyM †_‡K mKj a‡g©i gvbyl‡`i g‡a¨ cÖPjb i‡q‡Q kc‡_i mZ¨Zv cÖgvY Ki‡Z Giƒc A‡jŠwKK cweÎ I fw³c~Z
bv‡gi kc_ Kiv| Kv‡iv bv‡g kc_ Kivi mywbwðZ A_© †h kc_Kvix D³ bv‡gi AwaKvix mËv‡K Dj~wnq¨v‡Zi AwaKvix e‡j
wek¦vm K‡i| ÔMvBi“j­vnÕ ev Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv bv‡g kc_ Kiv g~jZ wkiK AvKevi| Dc‡ii nv`x‡m Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ÔKvev
N‡ii KmgÕ ev KvevN‡ii bv‡g kc_ Kiv‡K wkiK ejv n‡q‡Q Ges Kvev N‡ii cÖwZcvj‡Ki Kmg Ki‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q|
Abyiƒcfv‡e A‡bK nv`x‡m Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv bv‡g kc_ Ki‡Z KwVbfv‡e wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Z‡e hw` †Kv‡bv gywgb bI gymwjg nIqvi Kvi‡Y Af¨vm Abymv‡i MvBi“j­vni bv‡g kc_ K‡i †d‡j Z‡e Zv ÔwkiK
AvmMviÕ e‡j MY¨ n‡e e‡j gZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwjg|
G wel‡q Avj­vgv kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn †`njex e‡jb, ÒwKQz gvby‡li wel‡q gykwiKMY wek¦vm KiZ †h, G‡`i bvg¸wj
cweÎ I m¤§vwbZ| GKvi‡Y Zviv wek¦vm KiZ †h, G‡`i bvg wb‡q kc_ Ki‡j m¤ú` I mš—v‡bi wZ n‡Z cv‡i| GRb¨
Zviv G‡`i bvg wb‡q wg_¨v kc_ KiZ bv| Avi GKvi‡YB Zviv gvgjv weev‡` cÖwZc‡K G mKj KvíwbK kixK ÔDcv‡m¨Õ-
i bv‡g kc_ Kiv‡Zv| d‡j Zv‡`i‡K Giƒc Ki‡Z wb‡la Kiv nq| Beby Dgvi (iv) e‡jb ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻙ�ﺭﹾﺸَﺃ �ﻭَﺃ �ﺭﹶﻔﹶﻜ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﺭ�ﻴﹶﻐﹺﺒ ﹶﻑﹶﻠ�ﺤ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Ò‡h e¨w³ Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv bv‡g kc_ Kij, †m Kzdix Kij ev wki&K Kij|Ó 700
†Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gynvwÏm gZcÖKvk K‡i‡Qb †h, Gi A_© cÖK…Z wkiK bq, eis Giƒc Kiv KwVb Ab¨vq (wkiK AvmMvi)
eySv‡Z ivm~jyj­vn � Giƒc e‡j‡Qb| Avwg Giƒc e¨vL¨v KiwQ bv| Avgvi g‡Z Gi A_© GB †h, hw` †KD Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨
Kv‡iv bv‡gi g‡a¨ ÔcweÎZviÕ ev ÔA‡jŠwKKZviÕ I g½j-Ag½‡ji ÔAvKx`vÕ †cvlY K‡i B”QvK…Zfv‡e mZ¨ ev wg_¨v Kmg
K‡i Z‡e Zv wki&K e‡j MY¨ n‡e|Ó 701
5. 2. 3. 2. 5. Aïf, AhvÎv ev Ag½‡j wek¦vm Kiv
Avãyj­vn Beby gvmE` (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡j‡Qb:
176

177
�ﻙ�ﺭ�ﺸ ﹸﺓ�ﺭ�ﻴﱢﻁﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﺭ�ﺸ ﹸﺓ�ﺭ�ﻴﱢﻁﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﺭ�ﺸ ﹸﺓ�ﺭ�ﻴﱢﻁﻟﺍ
ÒAïf ev AhvÎv wek¦vm Kiv ev wbY©‡qi †Póv Kiv wki&K, Aïf ev AhvÎv wek¦vm Kiv ev wbY©‡qi †Póv Kiv wki&K,
Aïf ev AhvÎv wek¦vm Kiv ev wbY©‡qi †Póv Kiv wki&K| 702
Avãyj­vn Beby Avgi (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻙ�ﺭـ�ﻴﹶﺨ ﻻِﺇ
�ﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨ ﻻ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ َلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ ﹸﺓ�ﺭﺎﱠﻔﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻙ�ﺭﹾﺸَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﺔ�ﺠﺎ�ﺤ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹸﺓ�ﺭ�ﻴﱢﻁﻟﺍ �ﻪﹾﺘ�ﺩ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ
�ﻙ�ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ�ﻭ
�ﻙ�ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻁ ﻻِﺇ
�ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻁ ﻻ�ﻭ
ÒAïf, AhvÎv ev Ag½j †f‡e †h Zvi Kg© ev hvÎv cwiZ¨vM Kij †m wkiK Kij| mvnvexMY e‡jb, †n Avj­vni
ivm~j, Gi Kvd&dviv Kx? wZwb e‡jb, GK_v ej‡e †h, †n Avj­vn, Avcbvi Kj¨vY Qvov †Kv‡bv Kj¨vY †bB, Avcbvi
ïfvïfZ¡ Qvov †Kv‡bv ïf ev Aïf †bB Ges Avcwb Qvov †Kv‡bv Bjvn †bB|Ó 703
Bgivb Bebyj ûmvBwqb (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
ﺎـ�ﻤﹺﺒ
�ﻪﹶﻗ
�ﺩ�ﺼ
ﹶﻓ ﹰﺎﻨ�ﻫﺎ
ﹶﻜ ﻰﹶﺘَﺃ
�ﻥ�ﻤ
�ﻭ ،ﹰﺓ�ﺩ
ﹾﻘ�ﻋ
�ﺩﹶﻘ
�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ
�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﻟ
�ﺭ�ﺤ
�ﺴ �ﻭَﺃ
�ﺭ�ﺤ
�ﺴ �ﻭَﺃ
�ﻪﹶﻟ
�ﻥ�ﻬ
ﹸﻜﹸﺘ
�ﻭَﺃ
�ﻥ�ﻬ
ﹶﻜﹶﺘ
�ﻭَﺃ
�ﻪﹶﻟ
�ﺭ�ﻴ
ﹸﻁﹸﺘ
�ﻭَﺃ
�ﺭ�ﻴ
ﹶﻁﹶﺘ
�ﻥ�ﻤ
ﺎﱠﻨ�ﻤ
�ﺱ�ﻴ
ﹶﻟ
. �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ
�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ
َلﹺﺯ
ﹾﻨُﺃ
ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ
�ﺭﹶﻔ
ﹶﻜ �ﺩﹶﻘ
ﹶﻓ لﺎﹶﻗ
ÒAvgv‡`i `jfy³ bq (Avgvi D¤§vZ bq) †h e¨w³ ïfvïf wbY©q K‡i A_ev †h e¨w³i Rb¨ ïfvïf wbY©q Kiv nq, A_ev
†h e¨w³ fvM¨ ev MvBex K_v e‡j ev A_ev hvi Rb¨ fvM¨ wbY©q Kiv nq, A_ev †h e¨w³ hv`y K‡i ev hvi Rb¨ hv`y Kiv nq, Ges
†h e¨w³ †Kv‡bv (myZv-ZvMv BZ¨vw`‡Z) wMU †`q| Avi hw` †KD †Kv‡bv MYK-‡R¨vwZlx ev Abyiƒc fvM¨ ev fwel¨Ø³vi wbKU Mgb
K‡i Ges Zvi K_v wek¦vm K‡i Z‡e †m gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi Dci AeZ©xY Øx‡bi mv‡_ Kzdix Kij|Ó 704
G wel‡q Av‡iv A‡bK nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q|
hw` †KD wek¦vm K‡ib †h, AgyK w`em, ivwÎ, gvm, wZw_, mgq, e¯‘, `ªe¨ ev e¨w³i g‡a¨ ïf ev Aïf †Kv‡bv cÖfv‡ei
gZv ev Giƒc cÖfve KvUv‡bvi gZv Av‡Q Z‡e Zv wkiK& AvKevi e‡j MY¨ n‡e| Avi hw` Giƒc wek¦vm †cvlY bv K‡ib, eis
my`„pfv‡e wek¦vm K‡ib †h, fvj, g›`, ïf, Aïf mKj wKQzi gvwjK GKgvÎ Avj­vn, wKš‘ K_v”Q‡j Giƒc wKQz e‡j †d‡jb Z‡e
Zv wkiK AvmMvi e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
5. 2. 3. 2. 6. fwel¨Ø³v ev fvM¨e³vi K_vq wek¦vm Kiv
KziAvb I nv`x‡m evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, MvB‡ei ev A`„k¨ wel‡qi Ávb GKgvÎ Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv †bB| gnvb
Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv fwel¨‡Zi Ávb ev MvBex Ávb Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡j gnvb Avj­vni Bj‡gi we‡kl‡Y Ab¨‡K kixK Kiv
nq| GRb¨ Bmjv‡g MYK, VvKzi, †R¨vwZlx, ivwkwe`, n¯—‡iLvwe` ev Abyiƒc †h †Kv‡bv cÖKv‡ii †Mvcb Áv‡bi `vwe`vi ev
fwel¨‡Zi Áv‡bi `vwe`v‡ii wbKU Mgb Ki‡Z KwVb fv‡e wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| Giƒc e¨w³i K_v‡K mZ¨ e‡j g‡b Ki‡j Zv
wkiK n‡e e‡j D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| Dc‡ii nv`x‡m Avgiv Zv †`‡LwQ| Ab¨ nv`x‡m Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn �
e‡jb:
� �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﺭﹶﻔﹶﻜ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻪﹶﻗ�ﺩ�ﺼﹶﻓ ﺎﹰﻓﺍ�ﺭ�ﻋ �ﻭَﺃ ﺎﹰﻨ�ﻫﺎﹶﻜ ﻰﹶﺘَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Òhw` †KD †Kv‡bv MYK ev fwel¨Ø³vi wbKU Mgb K‡i Zvi K_v wek¦vm K‡i Z‡e †m gynv¤§v‡`i (�) Dci AeZxY© `x‡bi cÖwZ
Kzdix Kij|Ó 705
Ab¨ nv`x‡m mvwdq¨vn (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb:
ﹰﺔﹶﻠ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﻥﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﺭَﺃ ﹲﺓ ﻼ�ﺼ
�ﻪﹶﻟ ْل�ﺒﹾﻘﹸﺘ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻪﹶﻟَﺄ�ﺴﹶﻓ ﺎﹰﻓﺍ�ﺭ�ﻋ ﻰﹶﺘَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Òhw` †KD †Kv‡bv MYK, MvBex wel‡qi msev``vZv ev fwel¨Ø³vi wbKU Mgb K‡i Zv‡K wKQz wRÁvmv K‡i Z‡e 40
w`em ch©š— Zvi mvjvZ Keyj Kiv n‡e bv|Ó 706
hw` †KD Giƒc †R¨vwZlx, MYK, ivwkwe`, dKxi BZ¨vw` †Mvcb Áv‡bi `vwe`vi‡K mZ¨B ÔMvBexÕ ev †Mvcb Áv‡bi
AwaKvix e‡j wek¦vm K‡i Z‡e Zv wkiK AvKevi e‡j MY¨| Avi hw` wek¦vm K‡i †h, †Mvcb ev MvBex Ávb I fvM¨ ev fwel¨‡Zi
Ávb GKgvÎ Avj­vni Rb¨, Ab¨ †KD Zv Rv‡b bv ev Rvb‡Z cv‡i bv, wKš‘ †KŠZznj ekZ cÖkœ K‡i Z‡e Zv KwVb cvc I wkiK
AvmMi|
GLv‡b D‡j­L¨ †h, ÔBjg Øviv †Pvi aivÕ ev Abyiƒcfv‡e KziAvb, ev `yÔAvi gva¨‡g MvB‡ei K_v Rvbvi †Póv KivI
ÔKvnvbvZÕ e‡j MY¨| Kv‡iv wKQz Pzwi n‡j wZwb PzwiK…Z `ªe¨ †diZ cvIqvi Rb¨ `yÔAv-Z`exi Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wKš— †K Pzwi K‡i‡Q

ev Pzwi K…Z `ªe¨ †Kv_vq Av‡Q Zv Rvbvi Rb¨ RvMwZK DcKiY Qvov ÔMvBeÕ Rvbvi †Póv Kivi †Kv‡bv my‡hvM †bB|
5. 2. 3. 2. 7. iwk, Zvweh BZ¨vw` e¨envi Kiv
wewfbœ nv`x‡m ZvweR, KeR, iwk, m~Zv, ZvMv, Svo-duyK BZ¨vw` e¨envi wkiK e‡j D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| cvš—‡i Ab¨vb¨
nv`x‡m Svo-dzuK e¨env‡ii AbygwZ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| G mKj nv`x‡mi mgš^‡qi Rb¨ A‡bK Avwjg e‡j‡Qb †h, KziAv‡bi AvqvZ,
nv`xm ev fvj A‡_©i `yÔAv Øviv †hgb SvodzuK ˆea, †Zgwb Giƒc AvqvZ, nv`xm ev fvj A‡_©i `yÔAv wj‡L ÔZvwehÕ AvKv‡i
e¨enviI ˆea| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwjg e‡j‡Qb †h, KziAv‡bi AvqvZ, nv`xm ev fvj A_©‡evaK `yÔAv w`‡q Svo-duyK †`Iqv ˆea,
KviY Zv nv`xm Øviv cÖgvwYZ| Z‡e ZvexR e¨envi †Kv‡bvfv‡eB ˆea bq, KviY Zv nv`xm Øviv cÖgvwYZ bq| nv`xm kix‡d
KziAv‡bi AvqvZ ev fvj `yÔAv Øviv Svo-dzuK †`Iqv ‰ea e‡j my¯úó D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| ivm~jyj­vn � wb‡R A‡bK‡K duyK
w`‡q‡Qb| Z‡e wZwb wb‡R ev Zuvi mvnvexMY KL‡bv KvD‡K ZvweR wj‡L e¨envi Ki‡Z w`‡q‡Qb e‡j †Kv‡bv mnxn eY©bv cvIqv
hvq bv| DKev Beby Avwgi Avj-Rynvbx (iv) e‡jb,
ﺍﹶﺫـ�ﻫ ﹶﺕـﹾﻜ�ﺭﹶﺘ�ﻭ ﹰﺔ�ﻌ�ﺴ�ﺘ ﹶﺕ�ﻌ�ﻴﺎ�ﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻙ�ﺴ�ﻤَﺃ�ﻭ ﹰﺔ�ﻌ�ﺴ�ﺘ �ﻊ�ﻴﺎ�ﺒﹶﻓ ﹲﻁ�ﻫ�ﺭ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ َل�ﺒﹾﻗَﺃ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻥَﺃ
�ﻙ�ﺭﹾﺸَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹰﺔ�ﻤﻴ �ﻤﹶﺘ ﹶﻕﱠﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻌ�ﻴﺎ�ﺒﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻌﹶﻁﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻴ َلﹶﺨ�ﺩَﺄﹶﻓ ﹰﺔ�ﻤﻴ�ﻤﹶﺘ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥِﺇ َلﺎﹶﻗ
ÒGK`j gvbyl ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi wbKU AvMgb K‡ib| wZwb Zv‡`i 9 R‡bi evBqvZ MÖnY K‡ib Ges GKR‡bi
evBqvZ MÖnY †_‡K weiZ _v‡Kb| Zviv e‡jb, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, Avcwb 9 R‡bi evBqvZ MÖnY Ki‡jb wKš‘ G‡K cwiZ¨vM
Ki‡jb? wZwb e‡jb, Gi †`‡n GKwU ZvweR Av‡Q| ZLb wZwb Zvi nvZ XywK‡q ZvweRwU wQ‡o †d‡jb| AZtci wZwb Zvi
evBqvZ MÖnY K‡ib Ges e‡jb: Ò†h ZvweR Szjv‡jv †m wkiK Kij|Ó 707
Avãyj­vn Beby gvmE‡`i (iv) ¯¿x hvBbve (iv) e‡jb,
�ﺯﻭـ�ﺠ�ﻋ ﻱ�ﺩـﹾﻨ�ﻋ�ﻭ ﹾﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﺢﹶﻨ�ﺤﹶﻨﹶﺘﹶﻓ ﹴﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﹶﺕﺍﹶﺫ �ﺀﺎ�ﺠ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ ... �ﺢﹶﻨ�ﺤﹶﻨﹶﺘ ﹺﺏﺎ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﻰ�ﻬﹶﺘﹾﻨﺎﹶﻓ �ﺔ�ﺠﺎ�ﺤ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎ�ﺠ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻥﺍ
ﹲﻁ�ﻴﹶﺨ ﹸﺕﹾﻠﹸﻗ ﹾﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻗ ﹸﻁ�ﻴﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺎﹰﻁ�ﻴﹶﺨ ﻲ�ﻘﹸﻨ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻯَﺃ�ﺭﹶﻓ ﻲﹺﺒﹾﻨ�ﺠ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺱﹶﻠ�ﺠﹶﻓ َلﹶﺨ�ﺩﹶﻓ ﹺﺭﻴﹺﺭ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹶﺕ�ﺤﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻬﹸﺘﹾﻠﹶﺨ�ﺩَﺄﹶﻓ �ﺓ�ﺭ�ﻤ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻨﻴ�ﻗ�ﺭﹶﺘ
ﻰـﹶﻗ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ : ُلﻭـﹸﻘ�ﻴ � �ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﹸﺕ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺴ �ﻙ�ﺭﱢﺸﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴ�ﻨﹾﻏَﻷ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ َلﺁ �ﻥِﺇ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻪ�ﻌﹶﻁﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻩﹶﺫﹶﺨَﺄﹶﻓ ﹾﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ ﻲِﻟ �ﻲ�ﻗ�ﺭُﺃ
ﺍﹶﺫِﺈﹶﻓ ﻲ�ﻨﻴ�ﻗ�ﺭ�ﻴ �ﻱ�ﺩﻭ�ﻬ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ ﹴﻥﻼﹸﻓ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﹸﻑ�ﻠﹶﺘﹾﺨَﺃ ﹸﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ�ﻭ ﹸﻑ�ﺫﹾﻘ ﹶﺘ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﻴ�ﻋ ﹾﺕﹶﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ ُلﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ �ﻡِﻟ ﹸﺕﹾﻠﹸﻗ ﹾﺕﹶﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻙ�ﺭ�ﺸ ﹶﺔﹶﻟ�ﻭﱢﺘﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡِﺌﺎ�ﻤﱠﺘﻟﺍ�ﻭ
ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ ﻲِﻟﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻙﻴ�ﻔﹾﻜ�ﻴ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﱠﻑﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻫﺎﹶﻗ�ﺭ ﺍﹶﺫِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻴﹺﺒ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﺴﹸﺨﹾﻨ�ﻴ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﹺﻥﺎﹶﻁ�ﻴﱠﺸﻟﺍ ُل�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻙﺍﹶﺫ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹾﺕﹶﻨﹶﻜ�ﺴ ﻲ�ﻨﺎﹶﻗ�ﺭ
ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻘ�ﺴ �ﺭ�ﺩﺎﹶﻐ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﺀﺎﹶﻔ�ﺸ �ﻙُﺅﺎﹶﻔ�ﺸ ﻻِﺇ �ﺀﺎﹶﻔ�ﺸ ﻻ ﻲ�ﻓﺎﱠﺸﻟﺍ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻑﹾﺸﺍ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺭ �ﺱْﺄ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﻫﹾﺫَﺃ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ
ÒBeby gvmE` (iv) hLb evwo‡Z Avm‡Zb ZLb mvov w`‡q Avm‡Zb| ... GKw`b wZwb G‡m mvov w`‡jb| ZLb Avgvi
N‡i GKRb e„×v Avgv‡K SvodzuK KiwQj| Avwg e„×v‡K †PŠwKi wb‡P jywK‡q ivwL| Beby gvmE` (iv) N‡i Xy‡K Avgvi cv‡k
e‡mb| GgZve¯’vq wZwb Avgvi Mjvq GKwU myZv †`L‡Z cvb| wZb e‡jb, G wK‡mi myZv? Avwg ejjvg, G duyK †`Iqv myZv|
hvBbve e‡jb, ZLb wZwb myZvwU a‡i wQ‡o †d‡jb Ges e‡jb, Avãyj­vni cwiev‡ii wkiK Kivi †Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRb †bB| Avwg
ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ: ÒSvo-duyK, ZvexR-KeR Ges wgj-gneŸ‡Zi ZvexR wkiK|Ó hvBbve e‡jb, ZLb Avwg Avgvi
¯^vgx Beby gvmE`‡K ejjvg, Avcwb G K_v †Kb ej‡Qb? Avj­vni Kmg, Avgvi Pz †_‡K cvwb coZ| Avwg AgyK Bn~`xi Kv‡Q
†hZvg| †m hLb †S‡o w`Z ZLb †Pv‡L Avivg †eva KiZvg| ZLb Beby gvmE` (iv) e‡jb: G n‡jv kqZv‡bi Kg©| kqZvb wbR
nv‡Z †Zvgvi Pz †LvPv‡Z _v‡K| Gici hLb duyK †`Iqv nq ZLb †m †LvPv‡bv eÜ K‡i| †Zvgvi Rb¨ †Zv h‡_ó wQj †h,
ivm~jyj­vn � hv ej‡Zb Zv ej‡e| wZwb ej‡Zb: Amyweav `~i Ki“b, †n gvby‡li cÖwZcvjK, my¯’Zv `vb Ki“b, AvcwbB wkdv ev
my¯’Zv `vbKvix, Avcbvi wkdv (my¯’Zv) Qvov Avi †Kv‡bv wkdv †bB, Ggb (cwic~Y©) wkdv ev my¯’Zv `vb Ki“b hvi c‡i Avi †Kv‡bv
Amy¯’Zv Aewkó _vK‡e bv|Ó 708
Zvweqx Cmv Beby Avwe jvBjv e‡jb,
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﺩﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ ﹸﻕﱠﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ ﹶﺕﹾﻘﱠﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ �ﻭﹶﻟ �ﻪﹶﻟ َلﻴ�ﻘﹶﻓ �ﻩ�ﺩﻭ�ﻌﹶﻨ �ﺽﻴﹺﺭ�ﻤ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﹴﻡ�ﻴﹶﻜ�ﻋ ﹺﻥ�ﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻨﻠﺨﺩ
�ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ َل�ﻜ�ﻭ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ ﹶﻕﱠﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ �ﻥ�ﻤ �
ÒAvgiv mvnvex Avãyj­vn Beby DKvBg Ave~ gvÕev` Rynvbx‡K (iv) Amy¯’ Ae¯’vq †`L‡Z †Mjvg| Avgiv ejjvg, Avcwb
†Kv‡bv ZvweR e¨envi K‡ib bv †Kb? wZwb e‡jb: Avwg ZvweR †be? A_P ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb: hw` †KD †`‡n (ZvweR
RvZxq) †Kv‡bv wKQz jUKvq Z‡e Zv‡K D³ Zvwe‡Ri Dc‡iB †Q‡o †`Iqv nq|Ó 709
Zvweqx DiIqv Bebyh hyevBi e‡jb:
�ﻡـ�ﻫ�ﻭ
ﱠﻻِﺇ
ِﷲﺎـﹺﺒ
�ﻡ�ﻫ
�ﺭﹶﺜ
ﹾﻜَﺃ
�ﻥ�ﻤ
ْﺅ�ﻴ
ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
: َلﺎﹶﻗ
�ﻡﹸﺜ
�ﻪ�ﻋ
�ﺯﹶﺘ
ﹾﻨﺍ ﻭَﺃ
�ﻪ�ﻌ
ﹶﻁﹶﻘ
ﹶﻓ ﹰﺍﺭ�ﻴ
�ﺴ �ﻩ�ﺩ
�ﻀ�ﻋ
�ﻲ�ﻓ
ﻯَﺃ�ﺭ
ﹶﻓ ﹴﺽ�ﻴ
ﹺﺭ�ﻤ
ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ
� ﹸﺔﹶﻔ
�ﻴﹶﺫ
�ﺤ َلﹶﺨ
�ﺩ
178

�ﻥ�ﻭ
ﹸﻜﹺﺭ
ﹾﺸ�ﻤ
Òmvnvex ûhvBdv (iv) GKRb Amy¯’ gvbyl‡K †`L‡Z hvb| wZwb †jvKwUi evRy‡Z GKwU iwk †`L‡Z cvb| wZwb iwkwU †K‡U
†`b ev †U‡b wQ‡o †d‡jb Ges e‡jb 710 , AwaKvsk gvbylB Avj­vni Dci Cgvb Av‡b Ges Zviv wki‡K wjß _v‡K|Ó 711
5. 2. 3. 2. 8. KvD‡K ÔkvnvbkvnÕ ejv
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© e‡jwQ †h, gnvb Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K Bjvn ejv hvq bv Ges †h bvg I ¸Yvewj gnvb Avj­vni Rb¨B
cÖ‡hvR¨ Zv Ab¨ Kv‡iv †‡Î cÖ‡qvM Kiv wkiK AvKevi| Avi wKQz bvg I we‡klY i‡q‡Q hv RvMwZK I Av‡cwK A‡_© gvby‡li
†‡ÎI e¨envi Kiv hvq| Avgiv we`ÔAvZ I wdiKv welqK Aa¨v‡q G wel‡q wKQz D`vniY †`L‡Z cve|
gnvb Avj­vnB G we‡k¦i cÖK…Z gvwjK, ev`kvn I cÖwZcvjK| Z‡e RvMwZK I Av‡cwK A‡_© gvbyl‡`i‡K ivRv ejvi
AbygwZ I cÖPjb i‡q‡Q| KziAvb Kvix‡g Giƒc e¨envi i‡q‡Q| Z‡e RvMwZK A‡_©I KvD‡K ÔivRvM‡Yi ivRvÕ, ÔkvnvbkvnÕ
BZ¨vw` Mvjfiv Dcvwa‡Z AvL¨vwqZ Ki‡Z nv`xm kix‡d KwVbfv‡e wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn
� e‡j‡Qb:
ﻲـﻓﻭ . ﱠل�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﺯ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻙِﻟﺎ�ﻤ ﻻ -�ﻩﺎﹶﺸ
�ﻥﺎ�ﻫﺎﹶﺸ -(
ﻙﻭﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﻙﻠﻤ)
�ﻙﻼ�ﻤَﻷﺍ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﻤ ﻰ�ﻤ�ﺴﹶﺘ ٌل�ﺠ�ﺭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﹴﻡ�ﺴﺍ �ﻊﹶﻨﹾﺨَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﻤ ﻻ �ﻙﻼ�ﻤَﻷﺍ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﻤ ﻰ�ﻤ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ
ٍل�ﺠ�ﺭ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﹸﻅ�ﻴﹾﻏَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﹸﺜ�ﺒﹾﺨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ٍل�ﺠ�ﺭ ﹸﻅ�ﻴﹾﻏَﺃ : ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻟﺍ
Ògnvb Avj­vni wbKU N„Y¨Zg bvg n‡jv †h †Kv‡bv gvbyl wb‡R‡K ÔkvnvbkvnÕ ev ÔivRvM‡Yi ivRvÕ bv‡g AvL¨vwqZ
Ki‡e, A_P gnvb Avj­vn Qvov Avi †Kv‡bv ivRv †bB| Ab¨ eY©bvq: wKqvg‡Zi w`b Avj­vni wbKU me‡P‡q N„wYZ I me‡P‡q
wbw›`Z n‡e H e¨w³ hv‡K ÔivRvM‡Yi ivRvÕ ev ÔkvnvbkvnÕ bv‡g AvL¨vwqZ Kiv nq, A_P Avj­vn Qvov †Kv‡bv ivRv †bB|Ó 712
5. 2. 3. 2. 9. KvD‡K iveŸ ev Ave&` ejv
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, RvMwZK I Av‡cwK A‡_© gnvb Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K ÔAgy‡Ki cvjbKZ©vÕ,
gvwjK ev gwbe A‡_© ÔAgy‡Ki ÔiveŸÕ ejv hvq| Abyiƒcfv‡e RvMwZK `vmZ¡ A‡_© GKRb‡K A‡b¨i ÔAvãÕ A_©vr ev›`v, `vm
ev PvKi ejv hvq| Z‡e Giƒc kã e¨envi bv Ki‡Z nv`xm kix‡d wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| KviY G‡Z k‡ãi g‡a¨ wkiK n‡q
hvq, hw`I wek¦v‡m wkiK bv _v‡K| Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﻴﹺﺒ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﻜﱡﻠﹸﻜ -ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻤَﺃ
ﻱ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ ْلﹸﻘ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ
�ﻱﻻ�ﻭ�ﻤ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻴ�ﺴ ْلﹸﻘ�ﻴﹾﻟ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻕ�ﺴﺍ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ ْﺊ�ﻀ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻡ�ﻌﹾﻁَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ ْلﹸﻘ�ﻴ ﻻ
. ﻲ�ﻤﻼﹸﻏ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﺘﺎﹶﺘﹶﻓ�ﻭ
�ﻱﺎﹶﺘﹶﻓ ْلﹸﻘ�ﻴﹾﻟ�ﻭ -�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
�ﺀﺎ�ﻤِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜِﺌﺎ�ﺴ�ﻨ ﱡلﹸﻜ�ﻭ
Ò†Zvgv‡`i †KD (gvwjK‡K ÔiveŸÕ ej‡e bv), ej‡e bv: †Zvgvi iveŸ‡K Lvevi †`I, †Zvgvi iveŸ‡K Ih~ KivI, †Zvgvi
iveŸ‡K cvwb cvb KivI| eis †m †hb (gvwjK‡K) mvB‡q`x A_©vr Avgvi †bZv, gvIjvBqv A_©vr Avgvi AwffveK e‡j| Avi
†Zvgv‡`i †KD (wb‡Ri `vm ev PvKi‡K) ÔAvgvi ev›`vÕ ev Avgvi evw›` ej‡e bv, KviY †Zvgiv mK‡jB †Zv Avj­vni ev›`v Ges
†Zvgv‡`i mKj bvixB †Zv Avj­vni evw›`| eis ej‡e: Avgvi hyeK ev †Q‡j, Avgvi hyeZx ev †g‡q ev Avgvi evjK|Ó 713
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, gvwjK‡K iveŸ ejv Ges `vm ev PvKi‡K Ôev›`vÕ ejv g~jZ ˆea n‡jI k‡ãi wki‡Ki Kvi‡Y
ivm~jyj­vn � Zv eR©b Ki‡Z Drmvn w`‡q‡Qb|
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, mvaviY kã e¨env‡ii g‡a¨I A‡bK Av`e I wki‡Ki welq i‡q‡Q, hv wkiK AvKevi bv
n‡jI wkiK AvmMi e‡j MY¨ n‡Z cv‡i| G Rb¨ ivm~jyj­vn � wkiK †_‡K mZK© _vK‡Z Ges me©`v wkiK †_‡K ZvIev
Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| Ave~ g~mv AvkÔAvix (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb:
ﻰـﹶﻔﹾﺨَﺃ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﻪﻴ�ﻘﱠﺘﹶﻨ ﹶﻑ�ﻴﹶﻜ�ﻭ َلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻟ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ِل�ﻤﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﹺﺏﻴﹺﺒ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻔﹾﺨَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻙ�ﺭﱢﺸﻟﺍ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﺍ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ
�ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﻨ ﻻ ﺎ�ﻤِﻟ �ﻙ�ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐﹶﺘ�ﺴﹶﻨ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﻨ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻙﹺﺒ �ﻙﹺﺭﹾﺸﹸﻨ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙﹺﺒ ﹸﺫﻭ�ﻌﹶﻨ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻗ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ِل�ﻤﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﹺﺏﻴﹺﺒ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Ò†n gvby‡liv, wkiK †_‡K AvZ¥iv Ki; KviY wkiK wcwcwjKvi c`‡‡ci †P‡qI my²Zi| ZLb GKe¨w³ e‡jb, †n
Avj­vni ivm~j, Zv hw` wcwcwjKvi c`‡‡ci †P‡qI my²Zi nq Z‡e wKfv‡e Zv †_‡K AvZ¥iv Kie? wZwb e‡jb, †Zvgiv
ej‡e; †n Avj­vn, Avgiv †R‡bï‡b Avcbvi mv‡_ †Kv‡bv wKQz‡K kixK Kiv †_‡K Avcbvi Avkªq cÖv_©bv KiwQ Ges hv bv Rvwb Zv
†_‡K Avcbvi wbKU gv cÖv_©bv KiwQ|Ó 714
5. 3. wkiK cÖwZ‡iv‡a KziAvb I mybœvn
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, ZvInx‡`i `vIÔAvZB mKj bex-ivm~j (Av)-Gi g~j `vIÔAvZ| e¯‘Z wkiKB gvbe
179

mgv‡Ri KwVbZg cvc hv gvby‡li cvi‡jŠwKK gyw³i mKj Avkv wPiZ‡i bm¨vZ K‡i †`q| GRb¨ kqZvb me©`v m‡Pó †_‡K‡Q
mKj gvbyl‡K G KwVb cv‡ci g‡a¨ wbcwZZ Ki‡Z| bex-ivm~jM‡Yi `vIÔAv‡Zi gva¨‡g hviv †n`vqvZ cÖvß n‡q‡Qb Zv‡`i‡K
Ges we‡klK‡i Zv‡`i cieZ©x cÖRb¥¸wj‡K Zv‡`iB bv‡g wki‡K wjß K‡i‡Q kqZvb| Gi cÖK…ó D`vniY Bn~`x, L„÷vb Ges
Avi‡ei gykwiKMY| Giv mK‡jB bex-ivm~jM‡Yi †n`v‡qZ cÖvß gvbyl‡`i DËim~ix I Abymvix| hy‡Mi ci hyM Giv esk
ci¤úivq bex-ivm~jM‡Yi †n`vqvZ enb K‡i‡Qb Ges Zv‡`i `xb cvjb K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ GiB gv‡S kqZvb G‡`i g‡a¨ wkiK&-
Gi cÖPjb Ki‡Z mg nq|
gnvb Avj­vni me©‡kl, me©‡kªô Ges me©Rbxb kixqZ I `vIqvZ wn‡m‡e Bmjv‡g wkiK cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ we‡kl e¨e¯’v
MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gi Ab¨Zg n‡jv g~j Inxi weï×Zv iv Kiv Ges G‡K me©Rbxb Kiv| cieZ©x Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv †`Le
†h, c~e©eZ©x bex-ivm~jM‡Yi D¤§vZ‡`i g‡a¨ wkiK cÖ‡e‡ki g~j KviY¸wji Ab¨Zg wQj (1) Inx fy‡j hvIqv ev Inxi weK…wZ NUv
Ges (2) Inxi cwie‡Z©i gvbyl‡`i gZvgZ, e¨vL¨v I cQ›`‡K wek¦v‡mi wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv|
G mKj gvbyl Inxi e¨vL¨v I `x‡bi bv‡g wewfbœ wkiK, Kzdi I Kzms¯‹vi mgv‡R cÖPjb K‡i Ges G¸wj‡KB g~j
ZvInx` I `xb e‡j `vwe K‡i| g~j Inx weK…Z, wejyß ev AvswkK wejyß n‡q hvIqvq G‡`i g‡Zi AmviZv cÖgv‡Yi c_ _v‡K
bv| d‡j G‡`i gZvgZB `xb e‡j cwiMwYZ nq| gymwjg D¤§vi g‡a¨ wki‡K cÖPjb welqK Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv †`Le †h,
gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ wkiK cÖPj‡bi Rb¨ kqZvb I Zvi wkl¨iv GKBfv‡e †Póv K‡i‡Q| Z‡e g~j Inx A_©vr KziAvb I
nv`xm msiwZ _vKvi Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i cÖ‡Póv cy‡ivcywi mdj nq wb|
cweÎ KziAvb I nv`xm Aa¨qb Ki‡j Avgiv †`wL †h, ZvInx‡`i cÖPvi I wkiK Ac‡bv`bB KziAvb-nv`x‡mi g~j Av‡jvP¨
welq| wØZxq Aa¨v‡q Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ZvInx` I wkiKB KyiAv‡bi g~j Av‡jvP¨ welq| wewfbœ c×wZ‡Z KziAvb I nv`x‡m
wkiK cÖwZ‡iv‡ai e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q| G¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q (1) gykwiKM‡Yi cwiwPwZ I Zv‡`i wkiKx wek¦vm I Kg©¸wj
D‡j­L Kiv, †hb gywgbiv KL‡bv †m¸wj‡Z wjß bv nq, (2) wki‡Ki KviY e¨vL¨v Kiv, †hb gywgbMY G wel‡q mZK© _v‡Kb, (3)
wki‡Ki A‡hŠw³KZv e¨vL¨v Kiv, (4) wki‡Ki fqven cwiYwZ e¨vL¨v Kiv Ges (5) wki‡Ki c_¸wj eÜ Kiv| Avgiv GLv‡b G
mKj wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z PvB| Avj­vni ZvIdxK I Keywjq¨vZ cÖv_©bv KiwQ|
5. 3. 1. gykwiKM‡Yi cwiwPwZ
KziAvb I nv`x‡m ewY©Z gykwiKM‡Yi GKwU my›`i †kªYxfvM K‡i‡Qb kvn IqvwjDj­vn gynvwÏm †`njfx| wZwb
Ôû¾vZzj­vwnj evwjMvnÕ MÖ‡š’ wZwb gykwiK‡`i‡K wZb †kªYx‡Z Ges ÔAvj-evjv¸j gyexbÕ MÖ‡š’ gykwiK‡`i‡K Pvi †kªYx‡Z wef³
K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi †kªYxfvM wbgœiƒc:
5. 3. 1. 1. †R¨vwZwl, cÖK…wZc~Rvix ev bÎ c~RvwiMY
Giv `vwe K‡i †h, MÖn-bÎ Bev`Z cvIqvi †hvM¨| G‡`i Bev`Z Ki‡j c„w_ex‡Z DcKvi cvIqv hvq| gvby‡li
cÖ‡qvRb ev nvRZ G‡`i Kv‡Q †ck Kiv mwVK| Zviv e‡j, Avgiv M‡elYv K‡i D˜NvUb K‡iwQ †h, ˆ`bw›`b RxebhvÎv,
e¨w³i †mŠfvM¨-`yf©vM¨, mdjZv-e¨_©Zv, my¯’Zv-Amy¯’Zv BZ¨vw`i †‡Î G‡`i e¨vcK cÖfve i‡q‡Q| G mKj MÖn-b‡Îi
eyw×gvb mËv Av‡Q hvi wfwˇZ Zviv hvÎv I PjvPj K‡i| Giv G‡`i c~Rvix‡`i wel‡q A‡PZb bq| G wek¦v‡mi wfwˇZ
Zviv wewfbœ MÖn-b‡Îi bv‡g gw›`i ˆZwi K‡i‡Q Ges Zv‡`i Bev`Z K‡i|
5. 3. 1. 2. gykwiKMY
Giv gymwjg‡`i mv‡_ ZvInx`yi iƒeyweq¨v‡Zi AwaKvsk wel‡q GKgZ| Zviv wek¦vm K‡i †h, we‡k¦i e„nr welq¸wj
cwiPvjbvi gZv GKgvÎ Avj­vniB| GQvov †h welq¸wj wZwb wb‡RB wm×vš— †bb Ges Ab¨ KvD‡K †Kv‡bv GLvwZqvi ev
gZv cÖ`vb K‡ib wb †m mKj welqI wZwb cwiPvjbv K‡ib| Ab¨vb¨ wel‡q Zviv gymwjg‡`i mv‡_ GKgZ bq| Zviv `vwe
K‡i †h, Zv‡`i c~e©eZ©x †bKKvi eyRyM©MY Avj­vni Bev`Z K‡i Zuvi ˆbKU¨ AR©b K‡iwQ‡jb, d‡j Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K
ÔDj~wnq¨vZÕ ev ÔDcm¨Z¡Õ cÖ`vb K‡ib| Gfv‡e Zviv Ab¨vb¨ ev›`v‡`i ÔBev`ZÕ jv‡fi †hvM¨Zv AR©b K‡i‡Qb| †hgbfv‡e
ivRvwaivR gnviv‡Ri Lvw`g ev †meK Zvi †mev I fw³ K‡i hLb P~ovš— ch©v‡q †cuŠQvq ZLb gnvivR †mB Lvw`g‡KI ivRZ¡
Dc‡XŠKb cÖ`vb K‡ib ev Zv‡K GKwU we‡kl GjvKvi Ômvgš—Õ ivRv evwb‡q †`b| ZLb †m ivR‡Z¡i cwiPvjbvi `vqfvi G
mvgš— ivRvi Dc‡iB eZ©vq| Avi D³ iv‡R¨i cÖRv‡`i `vwqZ¡ n‡q hvq G ivRvi AvbyMZ¨ Kiv|
Zviv e‡j, G mKj eyRy‡M©i Bev`Z bv K‡i ïay Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡j Zv Keyj n‡e bv| G Qvov Avj­vn AwZ gnvb I AwZ
E‡aŸ©| Zvi ˆbKU¨ jv‡fi Rb¨ mivmwi Zuvi Bev`Z †Kv‡bv Kv‡R Avm‡e bv| eis G mKj eyRy‡M©i Bev`Z Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Zviv
Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ cvB‡q w`‡Z cv‡ib| Zviv e‡j, G mKj eyRyM© ï‡bb, †`‡Lb, Zv‡`i DcvmK‡`i Rb¨ mycvwik K‡ib, Zv‡`i welqvw`
cwiPvjbv K‡ib Ges Zv‡`i mvnvh¨ K‡ib|
G mKj `vwe `vIqvi wfwˇZ Zviv GmKj eyRy‡M©i bvg cv_‡i †Lv`vB K‡i iv‡L Ges Zv‡`i bvg weRwoZ cv_i
mvg‡b †i‡L Zv‡`i Bev`Z K‡i| cÖ_g hy‡Mi gykwiK‡`i wZ‡ivav‡bi c‡i cieZ©x cÖR‡b¥i gykwiKMY g~j eyRyM© Dcvm¨ I
Zv‡`i ¯§„wZ‡Z evbv‡bv gywZ© ev ¯—‡¤¢i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Zviv g‡b K‡i G mKj gywZ© ev ¯—¤¢B eywS Dcvm¨| GRb¨
gnvb Avj­vn G mKj gykwiK‡`i `vwe `vIqv i` K‡i KL‡bv e‡j‡Qb †h, wek¦ cwiPvjbv, ivRZ¡ I gZv GKgvÎ ZviB|
KL‡bv wZwb e‡j‡Qb †h, Zviv hv‡`i Bev`Z K‡i Zviv Ro c`v_© gvÎ|
180

5. 3. 1. 3. L„÷vbMY
L„÷vbMY `vwe K‡i †h, Cmv gvmxn (Av)-Gi mv‡_ Avj­vni we‡kl ˆbKU¨ Av‡Q Ges wZwb Ab¨ mKj m„wói E‡aŸ©|
Kv‡RB Zv‡K ÔAve&`Õ A_©vr `vm ev Ôev›`vÕ ejv DwPZ bq| KviY Zv‡K ÔAve&`Õ ev Ôev›`vÕ ej‡j Zv‡K Ab¨ mKj m„wói mgvb
evwb‡q †`Iqv nq| Giƒc Kiv Zuvi gnvb gh©v`vi mv‡_ †eqv`ex| m‡e©vcwi G‡Z Avj­vni mv‡_ Zvi †h we‡kl ˆbK‡U¨i
m¤úK© i‡q‡Q Zv cÖKv‡k Ae‡njv Kiv nq|
Gici Zv‡`i †KD †KD Avj­vni mv‡_ Zuvi we‡kl ˆbKU¨ eySv‡bvi Rb¨ Zv‡K ÔAvj­vni cyÎÕ ej‡Z cQ›` K‡ib| Zv‡`i
hyw³ GB †h, wcZv Zvi cy·K we‡klfv‡e `qv K‡ib Ges wb‡Ri †Pv‡Li mvg‡b Zv‡K cÖwZcvjb K‡ib| Avi mvaviY `vm ev
PvKi‡`i †P‡q cyÎ AwaK gh©v`vi AwaKvix nq| GRb¨ ÔcyÎÕ c`wUB Zuvi gh©v`vi mv‡_ AwaKZi m½wZc~Y©|
GQvov Zv‡`i †KD †KD Zv‡K ÔAvj­vnÕ ej‡Z ïi“ K‡ib| Zv‡`i hyw³ GB †h, Avj­vn Cmv gvmx‡ni g‡a¨ AeZiY
K‡i‡Qb Ges Zuvi g‡a¨ Ae¯’vb Ki‡Qb| Avi GRb¨B †Zv wZwb g„Z‡K RxweZ Kiv, gvwU †_‡K cvwL evbv‡bv BZ¨vw` gvby‡li
Amva¨ A‡jŠwKK KvR Ki‡Z mg nb| Kv‡RB Zuvi K_vB Avj­vni K_v Ges Zuv‡K Bev`Z Kiv A_© Avj­vn‡K Bev`Z Kiv|
cieZ©x cÖR‡b¥i L„÷vbM‡Yi g‡a¨ Cmv (Av)-‡K ÔAvj­vni cyÎÕ ejvi G mKj `vk©wbK hyw³ I wPš—v m¤ú‡K© AÁZv I
Am‡PZbZv weivR K‡i| d‡j Zviv ÔAvj­vni cyÎZ¡Õ ej‡Z cÖK…Z cyÎZ¡B eyS‡Z _v‡K| †KD g‡b Ki‡Z _v‡K †h, wZwb
cÖK…ZB ÔAvj­vnÕ| GRb¨ Avj­vn Zv‡`i weåvwš— Ac‡bv`‡b KL‡bv e‡j‡Qb †h, Zuvi †Kv‡bv ¯¿x †bB, KL‡bv e‡j‡Qb †h,
wZwbB AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_exi mªóv|
G wZb `‡jiB gZvgZ cÖgv‡Yi Rb¨ A‡bK j¤^v PIov hyw³ Z‡K©i eni i‡q‡Q| KziAvb Kvix‡gi †k‡li `y `‡ji wki‡Ki
wel‡q we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Zv‡`i weåvwš—, weåvwš—Ki `vwjj-cÖgvYvw` we¯—vwiZfv‡e LÊb Kiv n‡q‡Q|Ó 715
AZtci wZwb e‡jb: Òwki&K †iv‡M Avµvš— gvby‡liv wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †KD Avj­vni gnZ¡ I gh©v`v fy‡j
wM‡q‡Q| †m †Kej kixKM‡YiB Bev`Z K‡i Ges †KejgvÎ Zv‡`i Kv‡QB wb‡Ri nvRZ-cÖ‡qvRb †ck K‡i| Avj­vni Kv‡Q
†m wb‡Ri cÖ‡qvRb Rvbvq bv ev Avj­vni w`‡K †m `„wócvZI K‡i bv| hw`I †m wbwðZfv‡e Rv‡b I gv‡b †h GB gnvwe‡k¦i
Abvw`-Abš— mªóv Avj­vnB| gykwiK‡`i g‡a¨ †KD wek¦vm K‡i †h, Avj­vnB †bZv, cÖfy Ges we‡k¦i cwiPvjK| wKš‘ wZwb Zuvi
ÔDj~wnq¨vZÕ-Gi wKQz gh©v`v Zvi †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv ev›`v‡K w`‡q _v‡Kb Ges Zv‡`i mycvwik Keyj K‡ib| Zv‡`i‡K wZwb wKQz
we‡kl wel‡q cwiPvjbvi ev Kvh©wbe©v‡ni `vwqZ¡ cÖ`vb K‡ib| †hgb gnvivR ev ivRvwaivR Zvi iv‡R¨i cÖ‡Z¨K cÖ‡`‡k
Ômvgš—Õ ivRv wb‡qvM K‡ib Ges Zv‡K D³ GjvKvi cwiPvjbvi `vwqZ¡ cÖ`vb K‡ib| e„nr welq¸wj Qvov mvaviY mKj welq
cwiPvjbv I Kvh© wbe©vn Kivi `vwqZ¡ G mKj †QvU ivRv‡`i Dci Awc©Z nq| Giƒc wek¦vm †cvlYKvix gykwiK Avj­vni G
mKj we‡kl ev›`v‡`i‡K ÔAvj­vni ev›`vÕ, ÔAvj­vni `vmÕ ev Avj­vni Ave`Õ ej‡Z wØav‡eva K‡i; KviY G‡Z ÔG mKj Lvm
ev›`v‡K Ab¨ me ÔAvgÕ ev›`vi mgch©v‡q wb‡q hvIqv nq| GRb¨ †m Giƒc Lvm ev›`v‡`i‡K Avj­vni ev›`v bv e‡j ÔAvj­vni
cyÎÕ ev ÔAvj­vni gvne~eÕ (Avj­vni wcÖq) e‡j| Avi wb‡R‡K †m Giƒc ÔLvm ev›`v‡`iÕ ev›`v e‡j bvgKiY K‡i| †hgb
ÔAvãyj gvmxnÕ, Avãyj Dh&hv, BZ¨vw`| Bn~`x, L„÷vb, mvaviY gykwiK Ges gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi `x‡bi Abymvix mxgvj•NbKvix
gybvwdK‡`i AwaKvskB GB †iv‡M Avµvš—|Ó 716
5. 3. 1. 4. Kei c~RvwiMY
kvn IqvwjDj­vn Zuvi Avj-evjv¸j gyexb MÖ‡š’ e‡jb: ÒgykwiKM‡Yi PZz_© `jwU nBj Kei c~Rvix‡`i `j| Zvnv‡`i `vex
nBj hLb Avj­vn ZvAvjvi †Kvb ev›`v Bev`Z e‡›`Mx mvab-fRb Øviv Avj­vni `iev‡i †`vAv Keyj nIqvi †hvM¨ e¨w³iƒ‡c
cwiMwYZ nBqv‡Qb, GBiƒc e¨w³i BbwZKv‡ji ci Zvnvi AvZ¥v weivU kw³kvjx Ges gZvkvjx nBqv _v‡K| myZivs †h †jvK
Ggb eyhy‡M©i AvK…wZ I †Pnvivi a¨vb K‡i A_ev Zvnv‡`i _vKvi ¯’vb Ges Kei‡K Lye webq, bgªZvi Ges fw³ mnKv‡i wmR`vn
K‡i, Zvnvi hveZxq Ae¯’v m¤ú‡K© GB eyhy‡M©i AvZ¥v AewnZ nBqv hvq; `ywbqv I ciKv‡ji Zvnvi g‡bvevÃv c~Y© Kwiqv w`qv
Zvnvi Rb¨ mycvwikKvix nq| D‡j­wLZ wkiK I we`AvZx‡`i evwZj gZev` cÖPvi Kivi cwi‡cÖw‡Z Avj­vn ZvAvjv Gikv`
Kwiqv‡Qb...|
... Bnv Avgv‡`i fvjfv‡e eySv DwPZ †h, D‡j­wLZ KziAv‡bi AvqvZmg~n Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, A`„k¨ AvZ¥v I †`nmg~‡ni †h
Bev`Z e‡›`Mx GB c„w_ex‡Z Kiv nq Ges Zvnv‡`i wbKU †h e¯‘i cÖv_©bv Kiv nq H me AvZ¥v I †`nmg~n cÖv_©bvKvix‡`i cÖv_©bv
m¤ú‡K© m¤ú~Y© AÁvZ| nvk‡ii gq`v‡b hLb Avj­vn ZvAvjv Zvnvw`M‡K cÖv_©bvKvix‡`i cÖv_©bv Kiv m¤^‡Ü wRÁvmv Kwi‡eb ZLb
Zvnviv ewj‡e Avgiv GB m¤^‡Ü AeMZ bwn| c~Rvix‡`i cÖwZ K…ZÁZv ¯^xKvi Kiv I Avj­vni `iev‡i Zvnv‡`i Rb¨ kvdvqvZ Kiv
†Zv `~‡ii K_v, Zvnv‡`i KvR‡K Av‡`Š ¯^xK…wZ w`‡e bv|Ó 717
5. 3. 2. wkiKx Kg©mg~‡ni weeiY
†Kvb& †Kvb& wek¦vm ev Kg© K‡i Ab¨vb¨ RvwZi gvby‡liv gykwi‡K cwiYZ n‡q‡Q Zv KziAvb I nv`x‡m we¯—vwiZ e¨vL¨v
181

Kiv n‡q‡Q, †hb †Kv‡bv gywgb †Kv‡bvfv‡e Giƒc K‡g©i gva¨‡g wki‡K wjß bv nq| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, c~e©eZ©x RvwZM‡Yi
wkiK wQj AwaKvsk †‡Î Bev`‡Z| ZvInx`yi i“e~weq¨v‡Zi †‡Î wkiK wQj Kg| Avgiv GLv‡b welq¸wj Av‡jvPbv Kie|
5. 3. 2. 1. cÖwZcvj‡bi wkiK
wkiK wdi i“e~weq¨vn ev cÖwZcvj‡bi wkiK wQj Avi‡ei gykwiK‡`i g‡a¨ wKQz cÖ”Qbœ| mvaviYfv‡e Zviv gnvb Avj­vni
i“e~weq¨v‡Zi GKZ¡ GKev‡K¨ ¯^xKvi KiZ| Z‡e Zviv wek¦vm KiZ †h, gnvb Avj­vn `qv K‡i wKQz ev›`vi cÖwZ Lywk n‡q
Zv‡`i‡K we‡k¦i cwiPvjbv ev wbó-Awb‡ói wKQz gZv w`‡q‡Qb| GRvZxq Av‡iv K‡qK cÖKvi wkiK Zv‡`i g‡a¨ we`¨gvb
wQj|
5. 3. 2. 1. 1. cÖK…wZevw`Zv ev Roevw`Zv
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, Avi‡ei KvwdiMY gnvb Avj­vn‡K GKgvÎ mªóv I cÖwZcvjK wn‡m‡e wek¦vm KiZ| wKš‘
Zv‡`i A‡b‡KB AvwLiv‡Z wek¦vm KiZ bv| Zv‡`i wek¦vm A‡bKUv Giƒc wQj †h, gnvb Avj­vn c„w_ex m„wó K‡i †Q‡o
w`‡q‡Qb, gvbyl hy‡Mi AveZ©‡b g‡i †kl n‡q hvq| KziAvb Kvix‡gi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b G‡`i weåvwš— Av‡jvPbv I Ac‡bv`b Kiv
n‡q‡Q| GK¯’v‡b gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
182
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ÒZviv e‡j, ÔGKgvÎ cvw_©e RxebB Avgv‡`i Rxeb, Avgiv gwi I euvwP, Avi Kvj-B Avgv‡`i aŸsm K‡i|Õ e¯‘Z G
e¨vcv‡i Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv Ávb †bB, Zviv †Zv †Kej aviYvi Dci wbf©i K‡i|Ó 718
Avgiv Av‡MB e‡jwQ †h, Giƒc Kzdix ev Awek¦vmI wkiK| KviY Giƒc wek¦vm †cvlYKvix cÖK…wZ ev hy‡Mi
AveZ©b‡KB ÔiveŸÕ ev gnvb Avj­vni i“e~weq¨v‡Zi ¸Yavix e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡Q|
5. 3. 2. 1. 2. Avj­vni mv‡_ AvZ¥xqZvi `vwe
KziAv‡bi eY©bv Abymv‡i Avgiv †`wL †h, gykwiKMY hv‡`i‡K ÔAvj­vni we‡kl ev›`vÕ ev we‡kl my‡hvM I gZv cÖvß m„wó
e‡j wek¦vm KiZ Zv‡`i KvD‡K KvD‡K Avj­vni Kb¨v ev Avj­vn cyÎ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ KiZ| cÖvPxbKvj †_‡KB gykwiKMY wewfbœ
hyw³‡Z Avj­vni A‡bK m„wó‡K ÔAvj­vni mš—vbÕ, ÔAvj­vni cyÎÕ, ÔAvj­vni Kb¨vÕ, ÔAvj­vni eskaiÕ ev Avj­vni mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z e‡j
`vwe KiZ| †hgb gykwiKMY gvjvBKv ev wdwikZvMY‡K Avj­vni Kb¨v e‡j wek¦vm KiZ Ges wRbœ‡`i‡K Avj­vni mv‡_
AvZ¥xqZvi m¤ú‡K© m¤úwK©Z e‡j wek¦vm KiZ| GQvov †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Bn~`x ÔDhvBiÕ (Av)-‡K Avj­vni cyÎ e‡j wek¦vm KiZ|
Avi L„÷vbMY Cmv gvmxn (Av)-‡K Avj­vni cyÎ e‡j wek¦vm KiZ| mvaviYZ cyÎZ¡ ev mš—vbZ¡ Øviv Zviv GKwU we‡kl m¤úK©
eySv‡Zv hv Ab¨vb¨ m„wói g‡a¨ we`¨gvb bq| G¸wj meB gnvb Avj­vni gh©v`vi cwic~Y©Zvi mv‡_ mvsNwl©K wkiKx wek¦vm| KziAvb
Kvix‡g evisevi G¸wji cÖwZev` Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Giƒc wek¦v‡mi A‡hŠw³KZv I wfwËnxbZv cÖgvY Kiv n‡q‡Q|
5. 3. 2. 1. 3. Avj­vni Bjgyj MvB‡e wkiK
gykwiK‡`i wki‡Ki Ab¨Zg GKwU cÖKvk wQj gnvb Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv Kv‡iv ÔBjgyj MvBeÕ A_©vr A`„k¨
RM‡Zi ev fwel¨‡Zi Ávb Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm Kiv|
GLv‡b jYxq †h, gnvb Avj­vni i“e~weq¨v‡Zi Ab¨Zg w`K Zuvi Abš—-Amxg AZzjbxq I mvgwMÖK Bjg ev Ávb|
Zuvi Ab¨Zg wmdvZ n‡jv ÔAvwjgyj MvBeÕ ev ÔA`„‡k¨i Áv‡bi AwaKvixÕ Ges ÔAvwjgyj MvBe Iqvk kvnv`vnÕ ev Ô`„k¨ I
A`„‡k¨i Áv‡bi AwaKvixÕ| KziAvb Kvix‡g GK_v ejv nq wb †h, gnvb Avj­vni gZ MvBex Bjg Kv‡iv †bB, eis evisevi
D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, MvB‡ei ÁvbB Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv †bB| cvkvcvwk D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, gnvb Avj­vn Inxi gva¨‡g
MvB‡ei Ávb Zvi bex-ivm~j‡`i cÖ`vb K‡ib| GQvov D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, bex-ivm~jmn mgMÖ m„wó‡K AwZ mvgvb¨ ÁvbB
`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
ev›`vi Ávb DcKi‡Yi Aaxb| RvMwZK ev AvZ¥xK DcKi‡Yi gva¨‡g, A_©vr Bw›`ªq, eyw×, hyw³, Inx BZ¨vw`i gva¨‡g ev›`v
Ávb jvf K‡i| Bw›`ªq I Ab¨vb¨ RvMwZK DcKiY mKj gvby‡li Rb¨ mgvb| Avi Inx, Bjnvg BZ¨vw` gnvb Avj­vn `qv I cQ›`
K‡i †Kv‡bv ev›`v‡K w`‡Z cv‡ib| G¸wj GKvš—B gnvb Avj­vni B”Qvaxb, ev›`vi B”Qvaxb bq|
Bjgyj MvB‡e wkiK Kivi wewfbœ w`K i‡q‡Q:
(1) Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv DcKib Qvov †Kv‡bv we‡kl ev mKj MvB‡eii Ávb Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm Kiv|
(2) Inx ev Avj­vni c †_‡K Rvbv‡bv Qvov †Kv‡bv e¨w³ †Kv‡bvfv‡e †Kv‡bv MvBe ev AZxZ, eZ©gvb ev fwel¨‡Zi
A`„k¨ †Kv‡bv Ávb AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i e‡j wek¦vm Kiv| †R¨vwZlx, MYK, hv`yKi I wRbœ‡`i wel‡q Avi‡ei gykwiKMY Giƒc
wek¦vm †cvlY KiZ|
(3) Avj­vni mKj Bjgy MvBe wZwb Zuvi †Kv‡bv ev›`v‡K Rvwb‡q‡Qb e‡j wek¦vm Kiv| G‡Z KziAvb I nv`x‡mi ¯úó
wb‡`©kbv A¯^xKvi Kiv nq| KziAvb I nv`x‡m D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, mKj m„wói mKj Ávb Avj­vni Áv‡bi Zzjbvq AwZ mvgvb¨
Ges Avj­vn Qvov †KD MvBe Rv‡b bv| AZ¨š— my¯úó I ب_©nxb fvlvq evisevi ejv n‡q‡Q †h, wKqvg‡Zi mgq, AvMvgxKvj gvbyl
wK Ki‡e, †Kv_vq gi‡e BZ¨vw` wKQz welq gnvb Avj­vn Qvov †KD Rv‡bb bv| GRb¨ KvD‡K Avj­vn Giƒc mKj I mvgwMÖK MvBe

Rvwb‡q‡Qb e‡j `vwe KivI KziAv‡bi wb‡`©kbv A¯^xKvi Kiv e‡j MY¨| L„÷vbMY Cmvi (Av) wel‡q Giƒc wek¦vm †cvlY K‡i|
L„÷vbMY wek¦vm K‡i †h, Cmv gvmxn (Av) gnvb Avj­vni gZB mKj MvBex Áv‡bi AwaKvix wQ‡jb, KviY wZwb gnvb
Avj­vni hv‡ZiB Ask| cÖPwjZ I weK…Z evB‡e‡ji g‡a¨I hxïi my¯úó e³e¨ i‡q‡Q †h, wZwb MvBe Rvb‡Zb bv| wKš‘ L„÷vbMY
wewfbœ e¨vL¨v K‡i G mKj AvqvZ evwZj K‡i †`q| cÖPwjZ evB‡e‡ji gw_i mymgvPv‡ii 24 Aa¨v‡qi 36 Avqv‡Z wKqvg‡Zi
wel‡q hxï e‡j‡Qb: ÒwKš‘ †mB w`‡bi I †mB `‡Êi ZË¡ †KnB Rv‡b bv, ¯^‡M©i `~ZMYI (wdwikZvMY) Rv‡bb bv, cyÎI (hxï
¯^qs) Rv‡bb bv, †Kej wcZv Rv‡bb|Ó wÎZ¡ev`x L„÷vb‡`i Rb¨ G K_vwU KwVb PcUvNvZ| Zviv RvwjqvwZi gva¨‡g ev e¨vL¨vi
gva¨‡g K_vwU †Mvcb Ki‡Z ev evwZj Ki‡Z ‡Póv K‡i‡Q| RvwjqvwZi GKwU bgybv GB †h, Zviv ÔcyÎI Rv‡bb bvÕ K_vUzKz
evB‡ej †_‡K gy‡Q †`q| eZ©gv‡b ÔA‡_vivBh&W fvm©bÕ bv‡g cÖPwjZ wKs †Rgm fvm©b-G Dc‡ii AvqvZwUi wbgœiƒc: ÒBut of that
day and hour knoweth no man ,no, not the angels of heaven, but my Father only.Ó GLv‡b cvVK †`L‡Qb †h,
ÔcyÎI Rv‡bb bv (neither the Son) K_vwU gy‡Q †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| Gfv‡eB cÖvq nvRvi ermi hveZ G K_vwU ev` †`Iqv n‡qwQj|
eZ©gv‡b wewfbœ cÖvPxb cvÊywjwci Av‡jv‡K RvwjqvwZ aiv covi Kvi‡Y AvaywbK ms¯‹iY¸wj‡Z K_vwU ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q| GQvov
evB‡e‡ji g‡a¨ Av‡iv A‡bK AvqvZ †_‡K my¯úóZB Rvbv hvq †h, Cmv gvmxn KL‡bvB Inxi AwZwi³ †Kv‡bv MvB‡ei K_v
Rvb‡Zb bv ev Rvbvi `vwe K‡ib wb| Z‡e Zviv wewfbœ e¨vL¨v K‡i G AvqvZwU Ges G RvZxq mKj Avqv‡Zi my¯úó A_© evwZj
K‡i †`q Ges hxïi Rb¨ mvgwMÖK Bjgyj MvBe `vwe K‡i|
5. 3. 2. 2. Bev`‡Zi wkiK
B‡Zvc~‡e© Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, hy‡M hy‡M gykwiKMY g~jZ Bev`‡Zi wki‡KiB †ewk wjß n‡q‡Q| wewfbœ aviYvi ekeZ©x n‡q
Zviv gnvb Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv Bev`Z K‡i‡Q| e¯‘Z gvby‡li gyL©Zv I gvbexq `ye©jZv Zv‡K cÖ‡ivwPZ K‡i wec‡` Avc‡`
Ôg~Z©Õ, Ô`„k¨gvbÕ ev nv‡Zi bvMv‡j cvIqv Kv‡iv Kv‡Q wb‡Ri AmnvqZ¡ †ck K‡i wec` †_‡K D×v‡ii Av‡e`b Kiv| gvbyl wec‡`-
Avc‡`, `yt‡L-K‡ó gnvb Avj­vni Kv‡Q wb‡Ri wec‡`i K_v e‡j AvKzwZ Rvbvq| wKš‘ A‡bK mgq gvby‡li `ye©jZv I Aw¯’iwPËZv
Gfv‡e A`„k¨ cÖwZcvjK‡K †W‡K Z…ß nq bv| wK Rvwb wZwb ïb‡jb †Zv! Avgvi mgm¨vUv `~i n‡e †Zv! kqZvb Giƒc Aw¯’iwPËZv
I `ye©jZvi my‡hv‡M gvbyl‡K cÖ‡iwPZ K‡i gnvb Avj­vni mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Ô`„k¨gvbÕ, ev Ônv‡Zi bvMv‡j cvIqv hvqÕ Ggb †Kv‡bv
e¨w³ ev e¯‘i Kv‡Q wb‡Ri P~ovš— fw³ I AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvk Ki‡Z| ev›`v fv‡e G‡Z nqZ `ª“Z Zvi mgm¨vi mgvavb n‡q hv‡e|
wewfbœ hyw³ w`‡q †m Zvi Giƒc Kg©‡K ˆea e‡j cÖgvY Ki‡Z Pvq|
Giƒc e¨w³ KL‡bvB G mKj e¨w³ ev e¯‘‡K mªóv, cÖwZcvjK ev Ck¦i e‡j wek¦vm K‡i bv, eis gnvb mªóvi mv‡_
m¤úwK©Z nIqvi Kvi‡YB G mKj e¨w³ ev e¯‘i Kv‡Q fw³i AN©¨, webq I AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvk K‡ib| Gfv‡eB Bev`‡Zi wkiK
hy‡M hy‡M wewfbœ Avmgvbx a‡g©i Abymvix Ges Ab¨vb¨‡`i g‡a¨ cÖmvi jvf K‡i‡Q|
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© Bev`‡Zi msÁv Ges cªK…wZ †R‡bwQ| KziAvb I nv`x‡m wewfbœ Bev`‡Zi K_v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q, †h¸wj
gykwiKMY Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨‡`i Rb¨ cvjb KiZ| KziAvb I nv`x‡m G¸wj GKgvÎ gnvb Avj­vni Rb¨ cvjb Ki‡Z wb‡`©k
†`Iqv n‡q‡Q| Avgiv GLv‡b G mKj Bev`‡Zi wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kie, Bbkv Avj­vn|
5. 3. 2. 2. 1. MvBi“j­vni mvR`v
mvR`v Kiv Bev`‡Zi GKwU me©Rbxb cÖKvk| P~ovš— fw³ ev A‡jŠwKK fw³i cÖKvk wn‡m‡eB ïay mvR`v Kiv nq|
Puv`, m~h©, cÖwZgv, BZ¨vw` mKj Dcvm¨‡K mvR`vi gva¨‡g Bev`Z K‡i gykwiKMY| KziAvb Kvix‡g GKgvÎ Avj­vn Qvov
Ab¨‡K mvR`v Ki‡Z wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌﹶﺘ �ﻩﺎ�ﻴِﺇ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻥ�ﻬﹶﻘﹶﻠﹶﺨ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺠ�ﺴﺍ�ﻭ ﹺﺭ�ﻤﹶﻘﹾﻠِﻟ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹺﺱ�ﻤﱠﺸﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺠ�ﺴﹶﺘ ﻻ
Ò†Zvgiv m~h©‡K mvR`v K‡iv bv, P›`ª‡KI bq, mvR`v Ki Avj­vn‡K, whwb G¸wj m„wó K‡i‡Qb, hw` †Zvgiv ZuviB
Bev`Z Ki|Ó 719
Avgiv cieZ©x Av‡jvPbvq †`Le †h, mvR`v, DrmM© BZ¨vw` Bev`‡Zi D‡Ïk¨I Ô`yÔAvÕ ev ÔWvKvÕ| hv‡K WvKv n‡”Q ev
hvi Kv‡Q A‡jŠwKK cÖ_©bv Kiv n‡”Q wZwb †hb Lywk n‡q ZvovZvwo mvov †`b †mRb¨B mvR`v| GRb¨ gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻊ�ﻤ ﺍﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﺩﹺﺠﺎ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥَﺃ�ﻭ
ÒGes GB †h, mvR`v Kivi Kg©m¸wj ev mvR`vi ¯’vbmg~n Avj­vniB Rb¨; myZivs †Zvgiv Avj­vni mv‡_ Ab¨ KvD‡K
†W‡Kv bv|Ó 720
5. 3. 2. 2. 2. MvBi“j­vni Rb¨ DrmM© RevB gvbZ
DrmM© Kiv (sacrifice) Bev`‡Zi GKwU me©Rbxb cÖKvk| Rxe Rv‡bvqvi DrmM© Kiv n‡j Avgiv mvaviYZ KzievYx
†`Iqv, ewj †`Iqv ev RevB Kiv ewj| Lv`¨, dmj, dzj BZ¨v`x DrmM© Kiv n‡j mvaviY fv‡e evsjv‡`‡ki gymwjg cwifvlvq
gvbœZ, m`Kv BZ¨vw` ejv nq| hy‡M hy‡M wewfbœ mgv‡Ri gvby‡liv Avj­vn‡K ev Zv‡`i Ab¨vb¨ Dcvm¨‡K Lykx Kivi Rb¨, Zv‡`i
ei, Avkxe©v` ev Ki“Yv cvIqvi Rb¨ ev Zv‡`i cÖwZ Aš—‡ii fw³ cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ Rxe Rv‡bvqvi, dj-dmj, dzj-dj Lv`¨ BZ¨v`x
183

DrmM© K‡i‡Qb, ewj w`‡q‡Qb ev †fU w`‡q‡Qb Ges GL‡bv †`b| DrmM© KL‡bvI mvaviYfv‡e Kiv nh, †Kvb iKg kZ©
(precondition) QvovB GKRb f³ Zvi fw³i cÖKvk wnmv‡e DrmM© `vb K‡ib| KL‡bv ev Zv gvbZ wnmv‡e †ck Kiv nq, A_©vr
GKRb f³ DcvmK wm×vš— †bb †h Zvi wbw`©óg‡bvevmbvc~Y© n‡j wZwb Zvi Dcvm¨i Rb¨ wKQy DrmM© Ki‡eb|
me© hy‡Mi gykwiK‡`i gZ Avi‡ei gykwiKivI Rxe Rv‡bvqvi, dmj Lv`¨ BZ¨vw` Avj­vni Rb¨ DrmM© Ki‡Zv Ges
Zv‡`i Ab¨ mKj Dcv‡m¨i Rb¨I DrmM© KiZ| G wki‡Ki wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
184
ﻼـﹶﻓ �ﻡﹺﻬِﺌﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭـﹸﺸِﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨِﺌﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﹸﺸِﻟ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻤ�ﻋ�ﺯﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﺒﻴ�ﺼﹶﻨ ﹺﻡﺎ�ﻌﹾﻨَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺙ�ﺭ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ َﺃ�ﺭﹶﺫ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹸﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎ�ﺴ �ﻡﹺﻬِﺌﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﹸﺸ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ
ُل�ﺼ�ﻴ �ﻭ�ﻬﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ُل�ﺼ�ﻴ
ÔÔAvj­vn †h km¨ I Mevw` cï m„wó K‡i‡Qb Zb¥a¨ n‡Z Zviv Avj­vni Rb¨ GK Ask wbw`©ó K‡i Ges wb‡R‡`i aviYv Abyhvqx
e‡j, ÔGwU Avj­vni Rb¨ Ges GwU Avgv‡`i Ab¨vb¨ Dcv‡m¨i Rb¨| hv Zv‡`i †`eZv‡`i Ask Zv Avj­vni Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q bv Ges hv
Avj­vni Ask Zv Zv‡`i †`eZv‡`i Kv‡Q †cu‡Q; Zviv hv wggvsmv K‡i Zv wbK…ó|ÕÕ 721
DrmM© welqK wki‡Ki wel‡q Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﻔﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻥﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴﹸﺘﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹶﺘ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎﹶﻨﹾﻗ�ﺯ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﺒﻴ�ﺼﹶﻨ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ ﺎ�ﻤِﻟ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻴ�ﻭ
ÒAvwg Zv‡`i‡K †h wih&K `vb Kwi Zviv Zvi GK Ask wba©vwiZ K‡i Zv‡`i Rb¨ hv‡`i m¤ú‡K© Zviv wKQzB Rv‡b bv|
kc_ Avj­vni, †Zvgiv †h wg_¨v D¢veb Ki †m m¤^‡Ü †Zvgv‡`i‡K cÖkœ Kiv n‡eB|Ó 722
Kzievbx ev DrmM© GKgvÎ Avj­vni Rb¨B Kivi wb‡`©kbv w`‡q Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ُل�ﻭَﺃ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ ﹸﺕ�ﺭ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹺﺒ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻙﻴﹺﺭﹶﺸ ﻻ ،�ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ
�ﺏ�ﺭ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﻲ�ﺘﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻱﺎ�ﻴ�ﺤ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﻜ�ﺴﹸﻨ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﺘﻼ�ﺼ �ﻥِﺇ ْلﹸﻗ
ÔÔej, wbðq Avgvi mvjvZ, Avgvi DrmM© ev KzievYx, Avgvi Rxeb, Avgvi g„Zz¨ Avj­vniB wbwgË, whwb RMrmg~‡ni
cÖwZcvjK,Zvi †Kvb kixK †bB| GRb¨B Avgv‡K wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Ges Avwg me©v‡MÖ AvÍmgc©Y KiwQ|ÕÕ 723
gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi ivm~j (�)-‡K m‡¤^vab K‡i e‡jb:
�ﺭ�ﺤﹾﻨﺍ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭِﻟ ﱢل�ﺼﹶﻓ
Ò‡Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki Rb¨ mvjvZ Av`vq Ki Ges RevB-Kzievbx Ki|Ó 724
G RvZxq wkiK Avv‡jvPbv cÖm‡½ kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn e‡jb: gykwiKMY gywZ©, cÖwZgv I MÖn-b‡Îi Ki“Yv I ˆbKU¨
jv‡fi Rb¨ Zv‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ RevB KiZ| GRb¨ Zviv RevB‡`i mgq Zv‡`i bvg wb‡q RevB KiZ| A_ev Zv‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨
evbv‡bv we‡kl †ew` ev ¯§„wZ weRwoZ ¯’v‡b wb‡q cï RevB KiZ| KziAv‡b Zv‡`i Giƒc Ki‡Z wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| GQvov
Zviv Zv‡`i Dcvm¨‡`i Ki“Yv jv‡fi D‡Ï‡k¨ Zv‡`i bv‡g cï †Q‡o w`Z| G wel‡q Avj­vn e‡jb 725 :
ﻻ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭـﹶﺜﹾﻜَﺃ�ﻭ �ﺏ�ﺫـﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﻔ�ﻴ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﻜ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﹴﻡﺎ�ﺤ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺔﹶﻠﻴ�ﺼ�ﻭ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﺒِﺌﺎ�ﺴ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺓ�ﺭﻴ�ﺤ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َل�ﻌ�ﺠ ﺎ�ﻤ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻘ�ﻌ�ﻴ
Òevnxivn, mvwqev, Iqmxjvn I nvg (Dcvm¨‡`i bv‡g wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii DrmM©K…Z cï) Avj­vn w¯’i K‡ib wb; wKš‘
KvwdiMY Avj­vni cÖwZ wg_¨v Av‡ivc K‡i Ges Zv‡`i AwaKvsk Dcjwä K‡i bv|Ó 726
5. 3. 2. 2. 3. MvBi“j­vn‡K WvKv ev ÎvY cÖv_©bv
`yÔAv ( ﺀﺎﻋﺩـﻟﺍ) A_© AvnŸvb Kiv, WvKv, cÖv_©bv Kiv (call, pray, invoke)| WvKv ev AvnŸvb Kiv Ges cÖv_©bv
Kiv ci¯úi RwoZ| Kv‡iv Kv‡Q cÖv_©b Ki‡Z n‡j Zv‡K WvKv nq Ges mvaviYZ Kv‡iv WvKvi D‡Ïk¨ Zvi mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv
Kiv|
`yÔAv ev cÖv_©bvi welqe¯‘i w`K †_‡K `yÔAv‡K A‡bK mgq ÔBmwZÔAvbvn ( ﺔﻨﺎﻌﺘـﺴﻻﺍ) A_©vr ÔAvIbÕ ev mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv,
ÔBmwZg&`v`Õ (ﺩﺍﺩﻤﺘﺴﻻﺍ), A_©vr Ôg``Õ ev mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv, ÔBmwZMvmvnÕ ( ﺔﺜﺎﻐﺘـﺴﻻﺍ) A_©vr ÔMvDmÕ ev ÎvY ev D×vi cÖv_©bv BZ¨vw`
ejv nq| mewKQziB g~j Ô`yÔAvÕ|
cÖv_©bv Kiv ev WvKvi welqe¯‘ `yB cÖKv‡ii n‡Z cv‡i| GK cÖKvi †jŠwKK ev RvMwZK mvnvh¨-mn‡hvwMZv hv gvbyl
¯^vfvweKfv‡e Ki‡Z cv‡i| G mKj welq cÖK…wZMZfv‡e GKRb gvbyl Av‡iKR‡bi wbKU †P‡q _v‡K Ges gvbyl
RvMwZKfv‡e Zv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i| †hgb, Kv‡iv Kv‡Q UvKvcqmv PvIqv, mvnvh¨ PvIqv, cvwb‡Z c‡o †M‡j DVv‡bvi Rb¨

mvnvh¨ PvIqv, gv_vi †evSv c‡o †M‡j DVv‡Z mvnvh¨ PvIqv, BZ¨vw`, BZ¨vw` AMwYZ| RvwZ, ag©, wek¦vm I Awek¦vm
wbwe©‡k‡l mK‡jB G ai‡bi mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv K‡i|
wØZxq cÖKvi cÖv_©bv ev WvKv A‡jŠwKK ev Acvw_©e| RvMwZK gva¨g I DcKiY Qvov A‡jŠwKK mvnvh¨, ÎvY BZ¨vw`
cÖv_©bv Kiv| G RvZxq cÖv_©bv ïaygvÎ †Kv‡bv Òa‡g©i AbymvixÓ ev Òwek¦vmxÓ K‡ib| Òwek¦vmxÓ †KejgvÎ ÔAvj­vnÕ, ÔCk¦iÕ ev
me©kw³gvb e‡j hv‡K wek¦vm K‡ib, A_ev hvi mv‡_ ÔBk¦‡iiÕ we‡kl m¤úK© I hvi g‡a¨ ÔHk¦wiKÕ gZv Av‡Q, Zvi Kv‡QB
Giƒc cÖv_©bv K‡ib ev Zv‡KB Gfv‡e Wv‡Kb|
wØZxq cÖKv‡ii G cÖv_©bv ev WvKvB Bev`Z-Gi mve©Rbxb cÖKvk| mKj hy‡M mKj a‡g©i gvbylB g~jZ Zvi Aviva¨ ev
Dcvm¨‡K Wv‡K I Zvi Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv K‡i Acvw_©e I A‡jŠwKK mvnvh¨ jv‡fi Rb¨| DrmM©, Kzievwb (sacrifice), bhi,
gvbZ, dzj, mvR`v, MovMwo BZ¨vw` meB g~jZ `yÔAvi Rb¨B| †hb c~wRZ e¨w³ ev e¯‘ G mKj †fU ev Drm‡M© Lywk n‡q
ZvovZvwo cÖv_©bv c~iY K‡ib ev nvRZ wgwU‡q †`b †m Rb¨B evwK mKj cÖKv‡ii Bev`Z I Kg©| Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h
`yÔAvB n‡jv Bev`Z-Gi me©Rbxb I me©cÖavb cÖKvk|
byÕgvb Beby evkxi (iv) e‡jb, bexRx � e‡jb :
ﹸﺓ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ �ﺀﺎ�ﻋ�ﺩﻟﺍ
Ò`yÔAv ev cÖv_©bvB Bev`Z|Ó GK_v e‡j wZwb KziAv‡bi AvqvZ cvV Ki‡jb 727 :
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﺨﺍ�ﺩ �ﻡﱠﻨ�ﻬ�ﺠ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠﹸﺨ�ﺩ�ﻴ�ﺴ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹺﺒﹾﻜﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﺏﹺﺠﹶﺘ�ﺴَﺃ ﻲ�ﻨﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ �ﺒ�ﺭ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ
Ò†Zvgv‡`i cÖfy e‡jb: †Zvgiv Avgv‡K WvK, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Wv‡K mvov w`e ev †Zvgv‡`i cÖv_©bv c~iY Kie| wbðq
hviv Avgvi Bev`Z †_‡K An¼vi K‡i (Avgvi Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv bv K‡i) Zviv kxNªB jvwÃZ AcgvwbZ n‡q Rvnvbœv‡g cÖ‡ek
Ki‡e|Ó 728
`yÔAv, †Kw›`ªK wki‡Ki wel‡q kvn IqvwjDj­vn †`njex (ivn) e‡jb: ÒgykwiKMY Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨‡`i wbKU nvRZ ev
cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡bvi Rb¨ mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv KiZ| Amy¯’ e¨w³i my¯’Zv, `wi`ª e¨w³i m”QjZv BZ¨vw` cÖ‡qvR‡b Zviv Zv‡`i wbKU
cÖv_©bv KiZ| G mKj D‡Ïk¨ c~iY nIqvi Rb¨ Zviv Zv‡`i bv‡g gvbZ KiZ| Zviv Avkv KiZ †h, G mKj gvb‡Zi gva¨‡g
Zv‡`i D‡Ïk¨ mdj n‡e Ges wec`vc` †K‡U hv‡e| Zviv eiKZ jv‡fi D‡Ï‡k¨ G mKj Dcv‡m¨i bvg cvV KiZ| GKvi‡Y
Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K wb‡`©k w`‡jb †h, Zviv mvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ ej‡e:
�ﻥﻴ�ﻌﹶﺘ�ﺴﹶﻨ �ﻙﺎ�ﻴِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌﹶﻨ �ﻙﺎ�ﻴِﺇ
ÒAvgiv ïay †ZvgiB Bev`Z Kwi, ïay †ZvgviB mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Kwi|Ó 729
gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻊ�ﻤ ﺍﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓ
ÒmyZivs Avj­vni mv‡_ †Zvgiv Ab¨ KvD‡K †WK bv|Ó 730
†Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gydvm&wmi e‡j‡Qb †h, GLv‡b ÔWvKvÕ A_© ÔBev`ZÕ Kiv| Zv‡`i G e¨vL¨v mwVK bq| ¯úóZB ÔWvKvÕ
A_© mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Kiv| KviY gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb 731 :
185
�ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸﹸﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻭ�ﺴﹾﻨﹶﺘ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹸﻑ�ﺸﹾﻜ�ﻴﹶﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ �ﻩﺎ�ﻴِﺇ ْل�ﺒ
Ò(ej, †Zvgiv †f‡e †`L †h, Avj­vni kvw¯— †Zvgv‡`i Dci AvcwZZ n‡j, A_ev †Zvgv‡`i wbKU wKqvgZ Dcw¯’Z
n‡j †Zvgiv wK Avj­vn e¨ZxZ Ab¨ KvD‡K WvK‡e? hw` †Zvgiv mZ¨ev`x nI?) eis †Zvgiv ïay Zv‡KB WvK‡e| wZwb B”Qv
Ki‡j †h wec‡`i Rb¨ Zv‡K WvK‡e †Zvgv‡`i †m wec` wZwb `~i Ki‡eb Ges hv‡`i‡K †Zvgiv kixK Ki‡Z Zv‡`i‡K
†Zvgiv fy‡j hv‡e|Ó 732
†h‡nZz `yÔAvB Bev`‡Zi g~j cÖKvk Ges G‡‡ÎB me‡P‡q †ewk wki‡K wjß nq gvbyl, †m‡nZz KziAv‡b GB Bev`‡Zi K_v
me‡P‡q †ewk D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| †Kv_vI GKgvÎ Avj­vn‡K WvK‡Z ev GKgvÎ ZuviB Kv‡Q `yÔAv Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q,
†Kv_vI Avj­vn Qvov Avi Ab¨ Kv‡iv Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv Kivi AmviZv eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv wbKU cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z
wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q, †Kv_vI gykwiKiv †h Zv‡`i Dcvm¨‡`i WvKZ ev Zv‡`i Kv‡Q `yAv Kivi gva¨‡g wkiK KiZ Zv evisevi ejv
n‡q‡Q| KziAv‡b `y-kZvwaK ¯’v‡b G e¨cv‡i ejv n‡q‡Q|

GKwU D`vniY †_‡K Avgiv †jŠwKK ÎvY cÖv_©bv ev WvKv Ges wkiKx ÎvY cÖv_©bv ev WvKvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ eySvi †Póv Kwi|
g‡b Ki“b Avgvi Mi“wU cvwj‡q hv‡”Q| Avwg mvg‡b †Kv‡bv gvbyl †`‡L ev †Kv‡bv gvbyl _vK‡Z cv‡i g‡b K‡i wPrKvi K‡i
ejjvg, fvB, Avgvi Mi“wU GKUz a‡i †`‡eb! A_ev Avwg c_ wPb‡Z cviwQ bv, ZvB †Kv‡bv gvbyl‡K †`‡L A_ev †Kv‡bv evwoi
evB‡i `uvwo‡q wfZ‡i gvbyl Av‡Q Abygvb K‡i wPrKvi K‡i ejwQ, fvB AgyK ¯’v‡b †Kvb w`K w`‡q hve GKUz ej‡eb!
GLv‡b Avwg †jŠwKK mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv KiwQ| H gvby‡li g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKKZ¡ ev Hk¦wiK ¸Y Kíbv KiwQ bv| H e¨w³i
e¨w³MZ cwiPqI Avgvi Kv‡Q †Kv‡bv ¸i“Z¡ enb K‡i bv| Avwg Rvwb †h, ¯^vfvweKfv‡e GKRb gvbyl GKwU Mi“ ai‡Z cv‡i ev
D³ ¯’v‡bi GKRb evwm›`v ¯^vfvweKfv‡e c_wU wPb‡e e‡j Avkv Kiv hvq| GRb¨ Avwg Zvi †_‡K GB †jŠwKK mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv
KiwQ|
hw` †Kv_vI GB cÖKv‡ii RvMwZK mgm¨v nq Ges †mLv‡b †Kv‡bv gvbylRb bv _v‡K Zvn‡j Dcw¯’Z A`„k¨ wdwikZvM‡Yi
wbKUI mvnvh¨ PvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i e‡j GKwU `ye©j mb‡`i nv`xm †_‡K Rvbv hvq| gywgb Rv‡bb †h, Avj­vni AMwYZ wdwikZvMY
c„w_exi me©Î Qwo‡q i‡q‡Qb| GQvov A`„k¨ m„wó Rx‡bivI wewfbœ ¯’v‡b PjvPj K‡i| Dc‡ii cwiw¯’wZ‡Z hw` †Kv‡bv `„k¨gvb
gvbyl‡K bv †`‡L wZwb A`„k¨ wdwikZv ev wR¡‡bi Kv‡Q †jŠwKK mvnvh¨ Pvb Zvn‡j Zv Rv‡qh n‡e| KviY wZwb †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó m„wói
g‡a¨ Ck¦iZ¡ ev A‡jŠwKKZ¡ Kíbv Ki‡Qb bv| Z_vq †Kvb& wdwikZv Av‡Qb ev †Kvb& wR¡b i‡q‡Qb ZvI wZwb Rv‡bb bv ev Rvbv
Zvi Kv‡Q †Kv‡bv ¸i“Z¡ enb K‡i bv| wZwb Rv‡bb †h, GLv‡b †Kv‡bv wdwikZv ev wR¡b _vK‡Z cv‡ib| Avj­vni Ab¨ †Kv‡bv
ev›`v‡K †`LwQ bv, Kv‡RB GLv‡b Dcw¯’Z Avj­vni A`„k¨ ev›`v‡`i Kv‡Q GKUz mvnvh¨ †P‡q †`wL Kx nq| Beby gvmE` (iv) †_‡K
GKwU nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, wZwb e‡j‡Qb :
�ﺩﺎـﹶﻨ�ﻴ
ﹾﻠﹶﻓ
�ﺓﹶﻼ
ﹶﻓ ﹺﺽ�ﺭ
َﺄﹺﺒ
ﹲﺔ�ﺠ
�ﺭ�ﻋ
�ﻡﹸﻜ
�ﺩ�ﺤ
َﺃ �ﺏﺎ�ﺼَﺃ
ﺍﹶﺫِﺈ
ﹶﻓ ﹺﺭ�ﺠ
ﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻕ�ﺭ
�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤ
ﹶﻁﹶﻘ
�ﺴ ﺎ�ﻤ
�ﻥ�ﻭ
�ﺒﹸﺘ
ﹾﻜ�ﻴ
�ﺔﹶﻅ
ﹶﻔ�ﺤ
ﹾﻟﺍ ﻯ�ﻭ�ﺴ
ﹰﺔﹶﻜ
ِﺌﹶﻼ
�ﻤ ﱠل�ﺠ
�ﻭ �ﺯ�ﻋ
�ﻪﻠِﻟ
�ﻥِﺇ
ﻰﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌ
ﹶﺘ ُﷲﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ
�ﻤ�ﺤ
�ﺭ�ﻴ
ِﷲﺍ �ﺩﺎ�ﺒ
�ﻋ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻴ
�ﻋَﺃ
Òev›`vi mv‡_ Zvi msi‡Y wb‡qvwRZ wdwikZvMY QvovI Avj­vni A‡bK wdwikZv Av‡Qb hviv mviv we‡k¦ †Kv_vq
†Kvb Mv‡Qi cvZv co‡Q ZvI wj‡Lb| hw` †Zvgv‡`i †KD †Kv‡bv wbR©b cÖvš—‡i AvU‡K c‡o ev APj n‡q c‡o Zvn‡j †m
†W‡K ej‡e: †n Avj­vni ev›`vMY †Zvgiv mvnvh¨ Ki, Avj­vn †Zvgv‡`i ingZ Ki“b|Ó 733
G cÖKvi †jŠwKK ev RvMwZK mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Kivi †‡Î hw` ‡KD Abycw¯’Z KvD‡K Wv‡Kb ev Abycw¯’Z Kv‡iv Kv‡Q
mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv K‡ib Zvn‡j Zv wkiK n‡e| †hgb, Kv‡iv wiKkv D‡ë †M‡Q ev MvwowU Luv‡` c‡o‡Q, ZLb ¯^vfvweK †jŠwKK Kg©
†h, †m KvD‡K †`L‡Z cvK ev bv cvK, †m wPrKvi K‡i mvnvh¨ PvB‡e: †K AvQ GKUz mvnvh¨ Ki| GLv‡b †m †jŠwKK mvnvh¨
Pv‡”Q| wKš‘ hw` †m G mg‡q †mLv‡b Abycw¯’Z †Kv‡bv RxweZ ev g„Z gvbyl‡K WvK‡Z _v‡K Zvn‡j †m wki‡K wjß n‡e| KviY †m
g‡b Ki‡Q, Abycw¯’Z AgyK e¨w³ m`v me©`v meÎ weivRgvb ev m`v me©`v mKj ¯’v‡bi mewKQy Zvi †MvPwif~Z| Kv‡RB, wZwb
`~ieZx© ¯’vb †_‡K Avgv‡K †`L‡Z cv‡”Qb ev Avgvi WvK ïb‡Z cv‡”Qb Ges `~i †_‡K A‡jŠwKKfv‡e Avgvi wec` KvwU‡q
†`Iqvi g‡Zv ÒA‡jŠwKKÓ gZv Zvi Av‡Q| Gfv‡e †m GKwU wbw`©ó m„wói g‡a¨ A‡jŠ‡KKZ¡, Hk¦wiK kw³ ev gnvb Avj­vni
¸Yvejx Av‡ivc K‡i wki‡K wbcwZZ n‡q‡Q| GQvovI †m gnvb Avj­vni gZv‡K †QvU e‡j g‡b K‡i‡Q|
G cÖv_©bvKvix ev AvnŸvbKvix H we‡kl e¨w³i g‡a¨ †h gZv Kíbv K‡i‡Q Zv GKvš—fv‡eB gnvb Avj­vni Rb¨
wba©vwiZ| G cÖv_bvKvix GB ¸Yvejx‡K ïaygvÎ Avj­vni e‡j g‡b K‡i bv| †m wek¦vm K‡i †h, GB gZvi g‡a¨ Avj­vni kixK
Av‡Q| GB gZvwU †hgb Avj­vni Av‡Q, †Zgwb AgyK e¨w³iI Av‡Q| Z‡e †m m¤¢eZ Zvi Kíbvi gvbylwUi gZv‡K G
†‡Î Avj­vni gZvi †P‡q †ewk ev `ª“Z e‡j wek¦vm K‡i| GRb¨B †m Avj­vn‡K bv †W‡K Zv‡K †W‡K‡Q| G‡‡Î
gykwiK‡`i `vwe †h, G mKj LvRv evev, muvB evev, gv, mvš—v, †m›U, wdwikZv ev wR¡b‡`i‡K Avj­vnB gZv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb|
gZv g~jZ Avj­vniB, wZwb G‡`i‡K wKQy ev mKj gZv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| wki‡Ki nvKxKvZ wel‡q kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn
(ivn)-Gi e³‡e¨ Avgiv Zv †`‡LwQ|
5. 3. 2. 2. 4. MvBi“j­vni Dci ZvIqv°zj ev wbf©iZv
ZvIqv°zj A_© wbf©iZv (to rely, depend, trust)| mvaviYfv‡e evsjvq wbf©iZv ej‡Z Avgiv hv eywS Zv
†jŠwKK I A‡jŠwKK `y cÖKv‡iiB n‡Z cv‡i| RvMwZKfv‡e GKRb gvbyl A‡b¨i kw³, gZv, mn‡hvwMZv BZ¨vw`i Dci
wbf©i Ki‡Z cv‡i| G‡‡Î wbf©iKvix e¨w³ wbf©iK…Z e¨w³i g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKKZ¡ ev Acvw_©eZ¡ Kíbv K‡i bv, eis
¯^vfvweK gvbexq Av¯’v ev wbf©iZv cÖKvk K‡i| wek¦vmx, Awek¦vmx mK‡jB Giƒc wbf©iZv cÖKvk K‡i|
A‡jŠwKK wbf©iZv †Kv‡bv Awek¦vmx ev bvw¯—K gvbyl K‡ib bv| †KejgvÎ wek¦vmx gvbyl †h e¨w³ ev mËvi g‡a¨
A‡jŠwKK gZv ev RvMwZK DcKiY QvovB Acvw_©e ev A‡jŠwKKfv‡e Kj¨vY ev AKj¨vY Kivi ev Zv †iva Kivi gZv
Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm K‡i Zvi A‡jŠwKK mvnvh¨ I Ki“Yvi Dci wbf©i K‡i| g‡bi Giƒc cÖMvp wbf©iZv‡KB Bmjvgx cwifvlvq
ZvIqv°zj ejv nq|
gvbyl hvi ev hv‡`i Dcvmbv K‡i, Aš—‡ii Mfx‡i Zvi ev Zv‡`i AwZcÖvK…wZK mvnvh¨ I iYv‡e‡Yi Avkv K‡i Ges
GB mvnv‡h¨i Dci Zvi wbf©iZv _v‡K| †m Zvi Dc‡m¨i bvg wb‡q ev Zvi Dcv‡m¨i mvnv‡h¨i Dci wbf©i K‡i Zvi Kg© ïi“ K‡i|
186

GB wbf©iZv GK cÖKvi Bev`Z| †KD hw` Kv‡iv bvg wb‡q ev Kv‡iv AwZcÖvK…wZK mvnvh¨ I iYv‡e‡Yi Dci Aš—‡ii Av¯’v ev
wbf©iZv wb‡q Kg© ïi“ K‡ib, Zvn‡j wZwb Zvi DcvmK wnmv‡e MY¨ n‡eb| GRb¨ Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv Dci ZvIqv°zj Kiv,
Kv‡iv bvg wb‡q hvÎv ïi“ Kiv, Kv‡iv bv‡g cvwo Rgv‡bv... BZ¨vw` wkiK| KziAvb Kvix‡g GKgvÎ Avj­vni Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z ev
ZvIqv°zj Ki‡Z evi evi wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ِلﱠﻜ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﻴﹾﻠﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ�ﻭ
ÔÔAvi gywgbMY GKgvÎ Avj­vni Dc‡iB wbf©i Ki“K|ÕÕ 734
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﻼﻴ�ﻜ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﻰﹶﻔﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ْلﱠﻜ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﻭ
ÔÔGes Avcwb Avj­vni Dc‡i wbf©i Ki“b, DwKj ev Kg©weavqK wnmv‡e Avj­vnB h‡_ó|ÕÕ 735
Ab¨Î ejv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ ﺍﻭﹸﻠﱠﻜ�ﻭﹶﺘ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ
ÔÔ†Zvgiv hw` Avj­vn‡K wek¦vm K‡i _vK, hw` †Zvgiv Avj­vni Kv‡Q AvÍmgc©YKvix nI Z‡e ïay ZviB Dc‡i wbf©i
Ki|ÕÕ 736
Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb t
ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ�ﻭ ﹸﺕﹾﻠﱠﻜ�ﻭﹶﺘ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻭ�ﻫ ْلﹸﻗ
ÔÔej, wZwbB Avgvi cÖwZcvjK, wZwb Qvov †Kvb Bjvn ev Dcvm¨ †bB, Avwg GKgvÎ Zvi Dc‡iB wbf©i (ZvIqv°zj) K‡iwQ
Ges Zvi w`‡KB Avgvi cÖZ¨veZ©b|ÕÕ 737
5. 3. 2. 2. 5. fq I Avkvi wkiK
ZvIqv°zj-Gi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ Bev`Z Avkv I fq| ZvIqv°z‡ji b¨vq fq-fxwZ ev Avkv-fimv `yB cÖKv‡ii: cÖvK…wZK ev
ˆelwqK I AwZcÖvK…wZK ev A‡jŠwKK| mvaviY cÖvK…wZK fq-fxwZ ev Avkv-fimvi m„wó nq `ywbqvi Rxe‡bi wewfbœ e¯‘MZ I
‰elwqK Kvi‡Y| Avgiv wnsmª ev welv³ Rxe, avivj A¯¿, Rvwjg gvbyl BZ¨vw` †`L‡j fq cvB| cvw_©e Rxe‡b G‡K Ac‡ii wewfbœ
ai‡Yi DcKvii Avkv Kwi| G ai‡Yi cvw_©e I ˆelwhK fq-fxwZ ev Avkv-fimv gvbyl I gvb‡eZi Rxe Rv‡bvqv‡ii g‡a¨
weivRgvb Ges Zv Bev`‡Zi g‡a¨ MY¨ bq| Giƒc fq ev Avkv †Kv‡bv Ôwek¦v‡miÕ mv‡_ m¤ú„³ bq, eis Ôgvbexq cÖK…wZiÕ mv‡_
m¤ú„³| bvw¯—K, Avw¯—K, wek¦vmx, Awek¦vmx mK‡jB Giƒc fq I Avkv K‡ib|
cvš—‡i gvbyl hLb †Kvb e¨w³, mËv ev kw³‡K ÔP~ovš— ev A‡jŠwKKfv‡e fw³ K‡iÕ A_©vr Bev`Z K‡i, ¯^vfvweK
gvbexq ev cÖvK…wZK kw³i E‡aŸ© Zv‡K kw³gvb e‡j wek¦vm K‡i, A_©vr wek¦vm K‡i †h, wZwb AwZcÖvK…wZK kw³i AwaKvix,
wZwb B”Qv Ki‡jB RvMwZK DcKiY QvovB A‡jŠwKKfv‡e Kj¨vY ev AKj¨vY, DcKvi ev wZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib, ZLb H
gvby‡li g‡b H e¨w³, mËv ev kw³i cÖwZ fq I Avkvi mÂvi nq| Giƒc fq ev Avkvi wfwË Ôwek¦vmÕ| †h hv‡K A‡jŠwKK
kw³gq e‡j wek¦vm K‡ib Zv‡KB Giƒc fq K‡ib ev Zvi A‡jŠwKK mvnv‡h¨i Avkv K‡ib| GRb¨B GKRb gvbyl GKwU
gvwUi wXjvi gZB webv wØavq GKwU gywZ©, Kei ev Dcvmbvjq GKRb †f‡½ †dj‡Z cv‡ib, cvš—‡i Ab¨ GKRb gvbyl D³
gywZ©, Kei ev Dcvmbvj‡q cÖwZ mvgvb¨Zg Afw³i K_v Kíbv Ki‡ZI fq cvb|
GB A‡jŠwKK ev AwZcÖvK…wZK fq-fxwZ I Avkv-fimv Bev`Z e‡j MY¨, hv GKgvÎ Avj­vni wbwgË wba©vwbZ| gnvb
Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺒ�ﻫ�ﺭﺎﹶﻓ �ﻱﺎ�ﻴِﺇ�ﻭ
Ges †Zvgiv †KejgvÎ Avgv‡KB fq Ki|Ó 738
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴ�ﻌ�ﺸﺎﹶﺨ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﺒ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﺒﹶﻏ�ﺭ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻨﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩ�ﻴ�ﻭ
ÒZviv Avgv‡K WvKZ Avkv I fxwZi mv‡_ Ges Zviv wQj Avgvi wbKU webxZ|Ó 739
†Kv‡bv gvbyl hw` gnvb Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K Giƒc fq K‡i ev Ab¨ Kv‡iv g‡a¨ †Kv‡bviƒc A‡jŠwKK ev Hk¦wiK
gZv, g½j-Ag½j Kiv ev Zv †iva Kivi A‡jŠwKK I AcÖwZ‡iva¨ gZvi Aw_Kvix g‡b K‡i KvD‡K fq K‡i Z‡e Z‡e
Zv wkiK n‡e| wKš‘ RvMwZK ev cvw_©e fq Ki‡j Zv wkiK n‡e bv| Avj­vn e‡jb:
187

188
�ﻩﺎﹶﺸﹾﺨﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ ﱡﻕ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﺸﹾﺨﹶﺘ�ﻭ �ﻪﻴ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻲ�ﻔﹾﺨﹸﺘ�ﻭ
ÒZzwg †Zvgvi Aš—‡i hv †Mvcb KiQ Avj­vn Zv cÖKvk K‡i w`‡”Qb; Zzwg gvbyl‡`i‡K fq KiQ, A_P Avj­v‡KB fq
Kiv †Zvgvi c‡ AwaKZi msMZ|Ó 740
†KDB Kíbv Ki‡eb bv †h, ivm~jyj­vn � gvbyl‡K fq K‡i wki‡K wjß n‡qwQ‡jb| Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨـ�ﻤ ﹲﻕـﻴﹺﺭﹶﻓ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ ُلﺎـﹶﺘ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴـﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺏ�ﺘﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻠﹶﻓ ﹶﺓﺎﹶﻜ�ﺯﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﺘَﺁ�ﻭ ﹶﺓﺎﹶﻠ�ﺼﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻤﻴ�ﻗَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴ�ﺩ�ﻴَﺃ ﺍﻭﱡﻔﹸﻜ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ َلﻴ�ﻗ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺭﹶﺘ �ﻡﹶﻟَﺃ
ﹰﺔ�ﻴﹾﺸﹶﺨ �ﺩﹶﺸَﺃ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺔ�ﻴﹾﺸﹶﺨﹶﻜ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻭﹶﺸﹾﺨ�ﻴ
ÒZzwg wK Zv‡`i‡K †`L wb hv‡`i‡K ejv n‡qwQj, †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i n¯— mseiY Ki, mvjvZ Kv‡qg Ki Ges hvKvZ
`vI? AZtci hLb Zv‡`i‡K hy‡×i weavb †`Iqv nj ZLb Zv‡`i GK`j gvbyl‡K fq KiwQj Avj­vn‡K fq Kivi gZ
A_ev Z`‡cv AwaK|Ó 741
GLv‡b †KDB ej‡eb bv †h, mvnvexMY gvbyl‡`i‡K Avj­vni gZ ev Zvi †P‡qI †ewk fq K‡i wki‡K wbcwZZ
n‡qwQ‡jb| KviY, Zv‡`i fq wQj gvbexq, gvbyl‡`i‡K Zviv Avj­vni gZ gZvi AwaKvix g‡b K‡i fq cvb wb|
gvbyl cÖvK…wZKfv‡e gvbyl I Ab¨vb¨ m„wó‡K fq cvq| G‡Z wkiK nq bv| GgbwK gvby‡li f‡q ev cÖvY euvPv‡bvi Rb¨
Avj­vni weav‡bi we‡ivwaZv Kiv‡KI †KD wkiK ej‡eb bv| m‡e©vcwi gvby‡li f‡q Rxeb euvPv‡Z my¯úó wkiK Ki‡jI Zv‡K
wkiK e‡j MY¨ Kiv n‡e bv| RvMwZK DcKiYvw` Qvov B”Qv Ki‡jB A‡jŠwKKfv‡e Ag½j Kivi gZv Av‡Q e‡j KvD‡K
A‡jŠwKK ev AwZcÖvK…wZK fq Kiv Bev`Z|
5. 3. 2. 2. 6. fvjevmvi wkiK
ZvIqv°zj, fq I Avkvi gZB GKwU Bev`Z ÔfvjevmvÕ ( ﺔـﺒﺤﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺏـﺤﻟﺍ)| fvjevmvi †‡ÎI Dc‡ii RvMwZK I
Cgvbx `ywU ch©vq Av‡Q| RvMwZK fvjevmv Bev`Z bq, Z‡e RvMwZK fvjevmv hw` Avj­vni weavb cvj‡bi wecix‡Z `uvovq
Z‡e Zv cvc| wcZvgvZv, mš—vb, AvZ¥xq¯^Rb, wkK, DcKvix gvbyl I Ab¨vb¨ wewfbœ gvbyl‡K gvbyl RvMwZKfv‡e
fvjev‡m| Giƒc fvjevmvi Drm RvMwZK m¤úK©, †gjv‡gkv, †`Lvïbv BZ¨vw`|
Cgvbx fvjevmvi wZbwU w`K i‡q‡Q: (1) Avj­vn‡K fvjevmv (ﷲﺍ ﺏﺤ), (2) Avj­vni Rb¨ fvjevmv ( ﷲ ﺏـﺤﻟﺍ) Ges
(3) Avj­vni mv‡_ fvjevmv ( ﷲﺍ ﻊـﻤ ﺏـﺤﻟﺍ)| Avj­v‡K fvjevmv nq †KejgvÎ ZuviB Rb¨ Avi Kv‡iv Rb¨ bq| Avi G
fvjevmvi mv‡_ _v‡K Mfxi A‡jŠwKK fq, Avkv I Amnvq‡Z¡i I fw³i cÖKvk| Giƒc fvjevmvB Bev`Z| Avj­vni Rb¨
fvjevm‡Z nq hv‡`i‡K Avj­vn fvjevm‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| Avi Avj­vni mv‡_ fvjevmv n‡jv wkiK| Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨
KvD‡K Avj­vni Rb¨ bq, eis Zvi wb‡Ri Kvi‡Y fvjevmv ev A‡jŠwKK fw³, fq I Amnvq‡Z¡i mv‡_ fvjevmv wkiK| gnvb
Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺎ�ﺒ�ﺤ �ﺩﹶﺸَﺃ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺤﹶﻜ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨﻭ�ﺒ�ﺤ�ﻴ ﺍ�ﺩﺍ�ﺩﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹸﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
Ògvby‡li g‡a¨ †KD †KD Avj­vn Qvov Aci‡K Avj­vni mgKiƒ‡c MÖnY K‡i Ges Avj­vn‡K fvjevmvi b¨vq Zv‡`i‡K
fvjev‡m, wKš‘ hviv Cgvb G‡b‡Q Avj­vni cÖwZ Zv‡`i fvjevmv `„pZg|Ó 742
gykwiKMY `vwe KiZ †h, Zviv Zv‡`i Dcvm¨‡`i‡K fvjevmZ ÔAvj­vni wcÖqÕ nIqvi Kvi‡Y Ges Avj­vni ˆbKU¨
jv‡fi Avkvq| wKš‘ cÖK…Zc‡ Zv‡`i ü`‡q G mKj Dcv‡m¨i †cÖgB wQj g~j| G‡`i gh©v`vq, cÖksmvq wKQz ej‡j Zviv
Lywk‡Z D‡ØwjZ n‡q DVZ| cvš—‡i GKgvÎ Avj­vni gh©v`v, cÖksmv I ¸YKxZ©b Ki‡j Zviv wei³ n‡Zv| G wel‡q Avj­vn
e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﺸ�ﺒﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻜﹸﺫ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺓ�ﺭ�ﺨَﻵﺎﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﺏﻭﹸﻠﹸﻗ ﹾﺕ�ﺯَﺄ�ﻤﹾﺸﺍ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻜﹸﺫ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒGKgvÎ Avj­vni K_v ejv n‡j hviv AvwLiv‡Z wek¦vm K‡i bv Zv‡`i Aš—i weZ…òvq msKzwPZ nq Ges Avj­vni
cwie‡Z© hviv Zv‡`i D‡j­L Kiv n‡q Zviv Avb‡›` Dj­wmZ nq|Ó 743
5. 3. 2. 2. 7. AvbyM‡Z¨i wkiK
Avj­vni i“e~weq¨v‡Zi GKwU we‡kl w`K Zuvi ÔnvKvwgq¨vZÕ ev ûKzg, weavb ev dqmvjv `v‡bi AwaKvi I gZv| Avj­vni
gnvb bvg¸wji Ab¨Zg ÔAvj-nvKvgÕ A_©vr wePviK ev weavb`vZv| whwb cÖwZcvjK ZuviB AwaKvi Zvi cÖwZcvwjZ m„wói Rb¨
weavb cÖ`vb Kivi| gvbyl †hgb Av‡cwK A‡_© A‡b¨i iveŸ ev cÖwZcvjK n‡Z cv‡i, †Zgwb Av‡cwK A‡_© weavb`vZv, wePviK
BZ¨vw` n‡Z cv‡i| gnvb Avj­vni †`Iqv wb‡`©ki AvIZvq ev †hLv‡b wZwb gvby‡li AwaKvi w`‡q‡Q †mLv‡b gvbyl weavb cÖYqb
Ki‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e G‡‡Î cÖkœvZxZ I mvgwMÖK AwaKvi I gZv GKgvÎ gnvb Avj­vni| GKgvÎ mªóv I me©Á gnvÁvbx

cÖwZcvjK wn‡m‡e wZwbB Rv‡bb m„wói Kj¨vY wK‡m| e¨w³MZ, cvwievwiK, mvgvwRK, ivóªxq, Avš—©RvwZK mKj †‡Î gnvb
Avj­vn‡K GKgvÎ nvKvg ev wePviK I weavb`vZv e‡j wek¦vm Kiv ZvInx`yi i“e~weq¨v‡Zi Ask| Avi Zuvi Dj~wnq¨v‡Zi `vwe †h,
ev›`v Zuvi ûKz‡gi AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡e| GRb¨ AvbyMZ¨ Bev`‡Zi Ab¨Zg cÖKvk| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﻼ�ﺼﹶﻔ�ﻤ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ�ﺤ ﻲ�ﻐﹶﺘ�ﺒَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻐﹶﻓَﺃ
ej, ÔZ‡e wK Avwg Avj­vn e¨ZxZ Ab¨‡K ûKzg`vZv gvbe? hw`I wZwbB †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ my¯úó wKZve AeZxY©
K‡i‡Qb|Ó 744
Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻗﻭ�ﻴ ﹴﻡ�ﻭﹶﻘِﻟ ﺎ�ﻤﹾﻜ�ﺤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﺴ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻐ�ﺒ�ﻴ �ﺔ�ﻴ�ﻠ�ﻫﺎ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﹾﻜ�ﺤﹶﻓَﺃ
ÒZviv wK Rvwnjxhy‡Mi wewaweavb Kvgbv K‡i? `„pcÖZqx wek¦vmx m¤cÖ`v‡qi Rb¨ weavb `v‡b Avj­vni †P‡q †kªôZi
Avi †K?Ó 745
Avj­vni weavbevwj Zuvi ivm~‡ji (�) gva¨‡gB cvIqv hvq| wZwb †h weavb cÖ`vb K‡ib ZvB Avj­vni weavb| Kv‡RB
Zuvi mKj weavb me©vš—Ki‡Y †g‡b †bIqvB Cgvb| Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻠ�ﺴﹶﺘ ﺍﻭ�ﻤﱢﻠ�ﺴ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﹶﺕ�ﻴ�ﻀﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﺠ�ﺭ�ﺤ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻨَﺃ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﺩﹺﺠ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﺭ�ﺠﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻓ �ﻙﻭ�ﻤﱢﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ�ﻭ ﻼﹶﻓ
ÒwKš‘ bv, †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki kc_! Zviv gywgb n‡e bv, hZY ch©š— Zviv Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i weev`-wem¤^v‡`i wePvi fvi
†Zvgvi Dci Ac©b bv K‡i; AZtci †Zvgvi wm×vš— m¤^‡Ü Zv‡`i g‡b †Kv‡bv wØav bv _v‡K Ges me©vš—Ki‡Y Zv †g‡b bv
†bq|Ó 746
ZvIqv°zj, fq, Avkv I fvjevmvi b¨vq AvbyM‡Z¨iI †jŠwKK I A‡jŠwKK `ywU ch©vq i‡q‡Q| ÔA‡jŠwKK wek¦vmRvZ
AvbyMZ¨Õ GKgvÎ gnvb Avj­vniB wbwgË| Ab¨ KvD‡K Giƒc AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡j Zv wkiK e‡j MY¨ n‡e| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb;
�ﻡ�ﻫﻭ�ﻤﹸﺘ�ﻌﹶﻁَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﻭﹸﻟ�ﺩﺎ�ﺠ�ﻴِﻟ �ﻡﹺﻬِﺌﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺃ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﺤﻭ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﻥﻴ�ﻁﺎ�ﻴﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ ﹲﻕ�ﺴ�ﻔﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﺴﺍ ﹺﺭﹶﻜﹾﺫ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﻠﹸﻜْﺄﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻤﹶﻟ �ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻨِﺇ
Òhv‡Z Avj­vni bvg †bIqv nq wb Zvi wKQzB fY K‡iv bv| Zv Aek¨B cvc| kqZvb Zvi eÜz‡`i‡K †Zvgv‡`i mv‡_
weev` Ki‡Z cÖ‡ivPbv †`q; hw` †Zvgi Zv‡`i AvbyMZ¨ Ki Z‡e †Zvgiv Aek¨B gykwiK n‡e|Ó 747
GLv‡b Kvwdi‡`i AvbyMZ¨ Kiv‡K wkiK& ejv n‡q‡Q| Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻭ�ﻫ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟِﺇ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴِﻟ ﻻِﺇ ﺍﻭ�ﺭ�ﻤُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﺒﺍ �ﺢﻴ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﺒﺎ�ﺒ�ﺭَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨﺎ�ﺒ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭﺎ�ﺒ�ﺤَﺃ ﺍﻭﹸﺫﹶﺨﱠﺘﺍ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻪﹶﻨﺎ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴ
ÒZviv Avj­vn e¨ZxZ Zv‡`i cwÊZMY‡K Ges msmvi-weivMxMY‡K ieŸ-cÖwZcvjK iƒ‡c MÖnY K‡i‡Q, Ges gwiqg
Zbq gvmxn‡KI| wKš‘ Zviv ïay GK Bjv‡ni Bev`Z Kivi Rb¨ Avw`ó n‡qwQj| wZwb e¨ZxZ †Kv‡bv Bjvn †bB| Zviv hv
kwiK K‡i Zv †_‡K wZwb KZ cweÎ!Ó 748
Bn~`x-L„÷vb‡`i ag©xq wek¦vm I BwZnvm ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j Avgiv †`wL †h, wewfbœfv‡e Zviv Avwjg I `i‡ek‡`i‡K
ÔiveŸÕ wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Q:
(1) Zviv wek¦vm KiZ †h, Avwjg, `i‡ek, mvay ev †m›UMY A‡jŠwKK gZvi AwaKvix| we‡klZ g„Zz¨i c‡i Zviv
A‡jŠwKK Kj¨vY, AKj¨vY I wek¦ cwiPvjbvi gZv jvf K‡ib| GRb¨ Zviv G mKj †m›U, mvš—v ev mvay‡`i gywZ© ˆZwi
KiZ, Z_vq gvbZ, bhi ev †fU cÖ`vb KiZ, Zv‡`i Ke‡ii wbKU Bev`ZMvn ˆZwi KiZ Ges Zv‡`i ¯§„wZ weRwoZ ¯’vb
†_‡K ÔeiKZÕ jv‡fi Rb¨ m‡Pó _vKZ| Zv‡`i ag©xq BwZnvm Ges wewfbœ nv`xm †_‡K welq¸wj Rvbv hvq|
(2) Zviv †cvc-cv`wiM I mvay‡`i ÔBmgvZÕ ev Aåvš—Zvq (infallibility) wek¦vm KiZ| Zviv wek¦vm KiZ I K‡i
†h, cweÎ AvZ¥vi †cÖiYvq Zviv Kvkd, Bjnvg I Bjgy jv`ybœx jvf K‡ib| †m¸wji Av‡jv‡K Zviv a‡g©i †h weavb cÖ`vb
K‡ib ZvB P~ovš—| Zv‡`i wm×vš— fyj n‡Z cv‡i bv| mvaviY gvbyl‡`i Rb¨ ag©MÖš’ Aa¨qb ev ag©xq weavb Rvbv m¤¢e bq|
ÔevB‡e‡jÕ wK Av‡Q ev †bB Zv eo K_v bq| †cvc ev ag©¸i“MY wK e¨vL¨v ev wb‡`©k w`‡jb ZvB eo K_v| G mKj †cvccv`wi
KL‡bvB mivmwi ag©MÖ‡š’i ¸i“Z¡ A¯^xKvi KiZ bv| mvaviYZ Zviv ÔBj­vZÕ I ÔwnKgvZÕ ev KviY I `k©b †`wL‡q
nvjvj‡K nvivg I nvivg‡K nvjvj KiZ I K‡i| G welqwU AgyK Kvi‡Y dih ev nvivg Kiv n‡q‡Q, Kv‡RB AgyK ev ZgyK
189

Kvi‡Y Zv †Zvgvi Rb¨ ev mK‡ji Rb¨ GLb nvjvj ev nvivg| mvaviY Abymvixiv Zv‡`i Giƒc weavb‡K P~ovš— e‡j †g‡b
wbZ|
Gfv‡e Zviv i“e~weq¨vZ ev cÖwZcvj‡bi wel‡q Avwjg I `i‡ek‡`i‡K Avj­vni kixK evbv‡Zv| Avi cÖwZcvj‡bi
wkiK Avek¨¤¢vexfv‡e Bev`‡Zi wki‡K wbcwZZ K‡i| Zv‡`i A‡jŠwKK gZvi wek¦v‡mi Kvi‡Y Zviv Zv‡`i‡K WvKZ I
Zv‡`i Rb¨ gvbZ DrmM© BZ¨vw` Bev`Z KiZ| Abyiƒcfv‡e Zv‡`i ÔBmgvZÕ I nvKvwgq¨v‡Zi wek¦v‡mi Kvi‡Y Zviv Zv‡`i
P~ovš— I wbtkZ© AvbyMZ¨ KiZ| KziAv‡bi e³e¨ †_‡K Zv‡`i G `y cÖKv‡ii wkiKB my¯úó| Avqv‡Zi cÖ_‡g Zv‡`i
i“e~weq¨v‡Zi wki‡Ki welq D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges †k‡l Bev`‡Zi wki‡Ki K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| GKwU hqxd mb‡`i nv`xm
†_‡K Zv‡`i G wki‡Ki cÖK…wZ m¤ú‡K© wKQz Rvbv hvq|
¸ZvBd Beby AvÔBDb ( ﻥﻴـﻋﺃ ﻥـﺒ ﻑﻴﻁﻏ) bvgK wØZxq kZ‡Ki GKRb AÁvZ-cwiPq Zvwe-Zvweqx e‡jb, cÖwm×
Zvweqx gymAve Beby mvÕ` Beby Avex Iqv°vm (103 wn) Zv‡K e‡j‡Qb, mvnvex Av`x Beby nvwZg (iv) e‡jb,
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�ﻩﻭ�ﻤ�ﺭ�ﺤ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﻭ�ﻤ�ﺭ�ﺤ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻩﻭﱡﻠ�ﺤﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﺍﻭﱡﻠ�ﺤَﺃ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﻭﹸﻜ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ
ÒAvwg ïbjvg ivm~jyj­vn � m~iv ZvIevq cvV Ki‡Qb: ÔZviv Avj­vn e¨ZxZ Zv‡`i cwÊZMY‡K Ges msmviweivMxMY‡K
ieŸ-gvwjK iƒ‡c MÖnY K‡i‡QÕ| wZwb ej‡jb, Bn~`x-L„÷vbMY Zv‡`i (Avwjg-`i‡ek‡`i) Bev`Z KiZ bv
e‡U, wKš‘ Zviv hLb Zv‡`i Rb¨ †Kv‡bv wKQz nvjvj K‡i w`Z, ZLb Zviv Zv‡K nvjvj e‡j †g‡b wbZ| Avi Zviv hLb
Zv‡`i Dci †Kv‡bv wKQz nvivg K‡i w`Z, ZLb Zviv Zv nvivg e‡j †g‡b wbZ|Ó 749
Bgvg Zvevix Zuvi Zvdmx‡i ¸ZvB‡di m~‡Î nv`xmwU msKjb K‡i‡Qb| Zvi eY©bvq nv`xmwUi fvlv wbgœiƒc:
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Òivm~jyj­vn �-‡K D³ AvqvZwU cvV Ki‡Z ï‡b Avwg ejjvg, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, Avgiv †Zv Zv‡`i Bev`Z Kwi bv!
wZwb e‡jb, Avj­vn hv nvivg K‡i‡Qb Zviv Zv †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ nvivg Ki‡j †Zvgiv wK Zv nvivg e‡j MÖnY Ki bv? Avi Avj­vn hv
nvivg K‡i‡Qb Zviv Zv nvjvj Ki‡j †Zvgiv wK Zv nvjvj e‡j †g‡b bvI bv? Avwg ejjvg, nü v| wZwb e‡jb, G-B n‡jv Zv‡`i
Bev`Z Kiv|Ó 750
ûhvBdv (iv), Beby AveŸvm (iv) cÖgyL mvnvex e‡j‡Qb †h, Bn~`x L„÷vb‡`i cwÊZ-`i‡ekMY hLb Avj­vni weavb
D‡ë nvjvj‡K nvivg I nvivg‡K nvjvj KiZ ZLb Zviv Zv †g‡b wbZ| Avi GB AvbyMZ¨B wQj Zv‡`i ÔieŸÕ gvbv| 751
GLv‡b jYxq †h, ÔAvbyMZ¨ÕI fq, fvjevmv BZ¨vw`i gZ ¯^vfvweK Kg©| mvaviYfv‡e Zv Bev`Z bq| GRb¨ Avj­vn
Qvov A‡b¨i Bev`Z wkiK n‡jI Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv AvbyMZ¨ A‰ea bq| Bmjvgx wb‡`©‡ki wecixZ bq Ggb wel‡q Avj­vn
Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv AvbyMZ¨ Bmjv‡g ˆea eis wb‡`©wkZ| KzivAvb-nv`x‡m wcZvgvZv, kvmK- cÖkvmK, Avwjg-Djvgv cÖgy‡Li
AvbyMZ¨ Kivi wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| `x‡bi weavb bv Rvb‡j Avwjg‡`i‡K wRÁvmv K‡i cvjb Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|
Bmjvgx wb‡`©‡ki wecixZ †Kv‡bv gvby‡li AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡j Zv‡Z Avj­vni wb‡`©k Agvb¨ Kivi cvc n‡e, Z‡e Avj­vni mv‡_
KvD‡K kixK Kivi Aciva n‡e bv| hw` gvbexq fvjevmv, fq, †jvf BZ¨vw` Kvi‡Y Kv‡iv wb‡`©k gZ Avj­vni weav‡bi we‡ivax
KvR K‡i ZeyI Zv wkiK e‡j MY¨ n‡e bv| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Giƒc fqRwbZ AvbyM‡Z¨i wfwˇZ wkiK ev Kzdix K‡g© wjß
n‡jI Zv wkiK-Kzdi e‡j MY¨ n‡e bv|
cvš—‡i KvD‡K cÖkœvZxZ P~ovš— AvbyM‡Z¨i †hvM¨ e‡j wek¦vm K‡i Zvi AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡jB ïay Zv wkiK e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
†hgb g‡b Kiv †h, KziAvb-nv`x‡m hv-B _vK, AgyK †h‡nZz e‡j‡Qb †h, G Kg©wU Avgvi Rb¨ nvjvj Kv‡RB Zv Avgvi Rb¨
nvjvj n‡q wM‡q‡Q| Abyiƒcfv‡e hw` †KD wek¦vm K‡i †h, Avj­vn ev Zuvi ivm~‡ji wb‡`©‡k hvB _vK bv †Kb, AgyK e¨w³,
Avwjg, ivRv ev cvj©v‡g›U hv nvjvj e‡j‡Q Zv cÖK…ZB nvjvj Ges hv wbwl× K‡i‡Q Zv cÖK…ZB nvivg Zvn‡jI Zv wkiK&
n‡e| G‡‡ÎI g~jZ wek¦vmB wkiK, Kg© bq|
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, AvbyMZ¨I wkiK n‡Z cv‡i, hw` Zv Bev`Z ch©v‡qi ev ÔP~ovš— webq-fw³Õ wn‡m‡e nq|
Bn~`x L„÷vb‡`i AvbyMZ¨ wQj G ch©v‡qi AvbyMZ¨| kqZv‡bi eÜz ev gykwiK‡`i AvbyM‡Z¨i welqwUI GKBiƒc| GLv‡b
AvbyMZ¨ K‡g© bq, wek¦v‡m| GLv‡b AvbyMZ¨ n‡jv g„Z cÖvYxi gvsm fY ˆea e‡j wek¦vm Kiv|
AvbyM‡Z¨i wki‡Ki eY©bv w`‡q kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn (ivn) e‡jb: gykwiKMY Zv‡`i AvwjgMY I †bKKvi Avwe`MY‡K iveŸ
ev gvwjK I cÖwZcvjb wn‡m‡e MÖnY KiZ| Gi A_© GB †h, Zviv G AvKx`v †cvlY KiZ †h, G mKj Avwjg ev eyRyM© hv nvjvj
e‡jb Zv cÖK…Zc‡B nvjvj I ˆea| Avi hv wKQz G mKj Avwjg I eyRyM© nvivg K‡ib Zv cÖK…ZB wbwl×, nvivg I kvw¯—‡hvM¨
Aciva| ... Gi inm¨ GB †h, †Kv‡bv welq‡K nvjvj ev ˆea Kiv Ges nvivg ev A‰ea Kivi A_© m„wói ivR‡Z¡ Giƒc Kvh©Ki
190

wbqg m„wó Kiv †h, AgyK KvRwU Ki‡j Zv‡Z kvw¯— †c‡Z n‡e Ges AgyK KvRwU Ki‡j Zv‡Z kvw¯— †c‡Z n‡e bv| Giƒc m„wó
I cwiPvjbv GKgvÎ Avj­vniB we‡klY Ges Zuvi †‡ÎB cÖ‡hvR¨|
GLv‡b `ywU cÖkœ DV‡Z cv‡i| cÖ_gZ, wKfv‡e GK_v ejv nq †h, ivm~jyj­vn � AgyK welq nvjvj K‡i‡Qb ev nvivg
K‡i‡Qb? wØZxqZ, wKfv‡e ejv nq †h, AgyK Bgvg ev gyRZvwn` G‡K nvjvj ev nvivg e‡j‡Qb?
Gi DËi n‡jv, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi e³e¨ ev wb‡`©kbv Avj­vni wb‡`©kbv Rvbvi mywbwðZ cÖgvY| hLb wZwb e‡jb †h, AgyK
welq nvjvj ev nvivg ZLb wbwðZfv‡e Rvbv hvq †h, Avj­vn Zv nvjvj ev nvivg K‡i‡Qb| Avi gyRZvwn`‡`i welq n‡jv, Zuviv
Avj­vni Inx †_‡K ev BRwZnv‡`i gva¨‡g nvjvj nviv‡gi weavbwU AeMZ Kivb gvÎ|
GLv‡b D‡j­L¨ †h, hLb Avj­vn †Kv‡bv ivm~j †cÖiY K‡ib Ges gywRhvi gva¨‡g Zuvi wimvj‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cÖgvwYZ nq
Ges Zuvi Revbx‡Z Avj­vn c~e©eZ©x kixq‡Zi †Kv‡bv nvivg welq nvjvj K‡ib ZLb hw` Kv‡iv Aš—‡i weavbwU MÖnY Ki‡Z
wØav I AvcwË †`Lv hvq Z‡e Zv `ywU Kvi‡Y n‡Z cv‡i| cÖ_g KviYwU Giƒc n‡Z cv‡i †h, D³ e¨w³i Aš—‡i bZzb weavbwU
cÖvgvY¨Zvq m‡›`n _vK‡e| G‡‡Î †m D³ ivm~‡ji wimvj‡Z Awek¦vmKvix ev Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
Giƒc wØav I AvcwËi wØZxq KviYwU Giƒc n‡Z cv‡i †h, D³ e¨w³ wek¦vm K‡i †h, cÖ_‡g †h nviv‡gi weavbwU †`Iqv
n‡qwQj Zv iwnZ ev cwieZ©b Kiv hvq bv| KviY †h e¨w³i gva¨‡g weavbwU cvIqv wM‡qwQj †m e¨w³i g‡a¨ Avj­vn ÔDj~wnq¨vZÕ ev
ÔCk¦i‡Z¡iÕ wKQz ˆewkó¨ `vb K‡iwQ‡jb| A_ev wZwb gnvb Avj­vni g‡a¨ dvbv ev wejyß n‡qwQ‡jb Ges ZviB mv‡_ ÔevKvÕ ev Aw¯—Z¡
†c‡qwQ‡jb| Kv‡RB wZwb †h KvRwU wb‡la K‡i‡Qb, A_ev AcQ›` K‡i‡Qb Zvi we‡ivwaZv Ki‡j m¤ú` ev mš—v‡bi wZ n‡Z
cv‡i| Giƒc e¨w³ Avj­vni mv‡_ wki‡K wjß| KviY †m Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv mËv ev e¨w³i ÔcweÎ †µva I weiw³Õ Av‡Q e‡j
wek¦vm K‡i Ges wek¦vm K‡i †h, Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev mËv ÔcweÎ ev Aj•NbxqÕ nvjvj ev nviv‡gi weavb w`‡Z
cv‡ib| 752
5. 3. 2. 2. 8. n¾ ev whqvi‡Zi wki&K
n¾ Bmjv‡gi Ab¨Zg Bev`Z| Beivnxg (Av)-Gi mgq †_‡K Avi‡ei gvbyl‡`i g‡a¨ Avj­vni mš‘wói Rb¨ KvevM„‡ni
n¾ Av`v‡qi ixwZ cÖPwjZ wQj| cieZ©x hy‡M hLb wki‡Ki cÖmvi N‡U ZLb KvevM„‡ni n¾ QvovI wewfbœ Dcv‡m¨i mš‘wó,
Avkxe©v`, ei ev eiKZ jv‡fi Rb¨ gykwiKMY Av‡iv A‡bK ÔcweÎÕ ¯’v‡b Mgb KiZ e‡j nv`xm kixd †_‡K Rvbv hvq| G¸wji
g‡a¨ wQj Bqvgv‡bi ÔwiqvgÕ bvgK gw›`i Ges LvmÔAvg‡`i Ôhyj LyjvBmvÕ bvgK gw›`i| 753
G wel‡q kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn gynvwÏm †`njex e‡jb: gykwiK‡`i GKcÖKvi wki&K wQj Avj­vn Qvov A‡b¨i Rb¨ n¾|
Gi ¯^iƒc GB †h, Giƒc gykwiKMY Zv‡`i ÔDcvm¨-kixK‡`iÕ ¯§„wZ weRwoZ we‡kl wKQz ¯’vb‡K eiKZgq e‡j wek¦vm K‡i
Ges †m mKj ¯’v‡b Mgb I Ae¯’vb G mKj kix‡Ki ˆbKU¨ I `qv jv‡fi Dcvq e‡j wek¦vm K‡i| Bmjvgx kixq‡Z Giƒc
Ki‡Z wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb 754 :
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( ﻱ�ﺩﹺﺠ�ﺴ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﻰ�ﺼﹾﻗَﻷﺍ
ÒwZbwU gvmwR` Qvov †Kv_vI md‡i hvIqv hv‡e bv: gvmwR`yj nvivg, Avgvi gvmwR` (gvmwR‡` beex) I gvmwR`yj
AvKmv|Ó 755
5. 3. 2. 2. 9. Zvevi&i“‡Ki wkiK
Zvevi&i“K A_© eiKZ AbymÜvb Kiv ev eiKZ Avkv Kiv| Avi‡ei gykwiK‡`i wki‡Ki GKwU w`K wQj Zvevi&i“K ev
eiKZ jv‡fi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv ¯’vb ev `ª‡e¨i cÖwZ fw³ cÖKvk| Zviv Kvev N‡ii cv_i BZ¨vw` eiK‡Zi Rb¨ Kv‡Q ivLZ,
ZvIqvd KiZ ev m¤§vb KiZ| G m¤ú‡K© Beby BmnvK Zvi ÒmxivZzbœexÓ MÖ‡š’ wewfbœ mvnvex I Zv‡eqxi m~‡Î wj‡L‡Qb:
BmgvC‡ji es‡k Avie‡`i g‡a¨ wkiK cÖPj‡bi KviY wQj, Giv KvevN‡ii LyeB fw³ KiZ| Zviv KvevNi †Q‡o †h‡Z
PvB‡Zb bv| hLb Zv‡`i eva¨ n‡q KvevNi †Q‡o wewfbœ GjvKvq †h‡Z n‡Zv, ZLb Zviv mv‡_ K‡i KvevN‡ii Zvhx‡gi Rb¨
KvevN‡ii wKQy cv_i wb‡q †h‡Zb| Zviv †hLv‡bB †h‡Zb †mLv‡b GB cv_i¸wj †i‡L Zvi ZvIqvd Ki‡Zb I m¤§vb
Ki‡Zb| cieZx© hy‡M µgvš^‡q G mKj cv_i Bev`Z Kivi cÖPjb n‡q hvq| c‡i gvby‡liv †Lqvj Lywk g‡Zv wewfbœ cv_i
c~Rv Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i| 756
KvevM„‡ni cv_i BZ¨vw` Qvov Av‡iv A‡bK wKQz Zviv ÔZvevi&i“‡Ki bv‡gÕ fw³ KiZ, Avi Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, P~ovš— ev
A‡jŠwKK fw³ I AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvkB Bev`Z| Gfv‡e Zvevi&i“‡Ki bv‡g Zviv wki‡Ki g‡a¨ w&bcwZZ n‡Zv| Zv‡`i G mKj
fw³K…Z `ª‡e¨i g‡a¨ wQj ÔhvZ AvbIqvZÕ bvgK GKwU e„|
191

Avey IqvwK` jvBwm (iv) e‡j‡Qb:
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) ﹴﻥ�ﻴﹶﻨ�ﺤ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺝ�ﺭﹶﺨ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻟ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻥﺇ
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َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﺎ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴ � �ﻲﹺﺒ ﱠﻨﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻁﺍ�ﻭﹾﻨَﺃ ﹸﺕﺍﹶﺫ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ �ﻁﺍ�ﻭﹾﻨَﺃ ﹶﺕﺍﹶﺫ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻟ ْل�ﻌ�ﺠﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ( ﺎﻨﻠﻗ)
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َﺃ ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ
�ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹶﺔﱠﻨ�ﺴ �ﻥ�ﺒﹶﻜ�ﺭﹶﺘﹶﻟ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻴﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹲﺔ�ﻬِﻟﺁ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻟ ْل�ﻌ�ﺠﺍ ﻰ�ﺴﻭ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻭﹶﻗ
Òg°v weR‡qi c‡i Avgiv ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi mv‡_ ûbvB‡bi hy‡×i Rb¨ hvÎv Kwi| ZLb Avgiv bI gymwjg| g°v weR‡qi
mg‡qB †Kej Avgiv Bmjvg MÖnY K‡iwQ| Pjvi c‡_ wZwb gykwiK‡`i GKwU (eiB) e„‡i wbKU w`‡q hvb, †h MvQwUi bvg wQj
ÔhvZz AvbIqvZÕ| gykwiKMY G Mv‡Qi Kv‡Q eiK‡Zi Rb¨ fw³f‡i Ae¯’vb KiZ Ges Zv‡`i A¯¿vw` eiK‡Zi Rb¨ Szwj‡q
ivLZ| Avgv‡`i wKQz gvbyl ej‡jb: †n Avj­vni ivm~j, gykwiK‡`i †hgb ÔhvZz AvbIqvZÕ Av‡Q Avgv‡`iI Abyiƒc GKwU ÔhvZz
AvbIqvZÕ wba©viY K‡i †`b| Avgiv hLb G K_v ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K ejjvg, wZwb ej‡jb, Avj­vû AvKevi! Avj­vni Kmg, g~mvi
KIg †hiƒc e‡jwQj: gykwiK‡`i g~wZ©i g‡Zv Avgv‡`iI g~wZ©i †`eZv `vI 757 , †ZvgivI †mBiƒc ej‡j| huvi nv‡Z Avgvi Rxeb
Zuvi Kmg, †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i c~e©eZx©‡`i mybœvZ AbymiY Ki‡e|Ó 758
Bn~`x-L„÷vb‡`i Giƒc Zvevi&i“K welqK †h wki‡Ki K_v nv`xm kix‡d evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv n‡jv bex I
AjxM‡Yi ¯§„wZweRwoZ ¯’vb ev Kei gvRvi †_‡K eiKZ jv‡fi †Póv| wewfbœ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � G wel‡q Zv‡`i wb›`v
K‡i‡Qb Ges Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K Giƒc Ki‡Z K‡Vvifv‡e wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| A‡bK mvnvex †_‡K G A‡_© nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| G
A‡_©i K‡qKwU nv`xm Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi cwiPq I Rxebx welqK Av‡jvPbvq D‡j­L K‡iwQ| Avgiv †`‡LwQ,
Giƒc GK nv`x‡m wZwb e‡jb, ÔÔ†Zvgiv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q †kvb! †Zvgv‡`i c~e©eZ©x RvwZmg~‡ni gvby‡liv Zv‡`i bexMY I
IjxM‡Yi Kei‡K gmwR` (Bev`ZMvn) evwb‡q wbZ| †Zvgiv mveavb! †Zvgiv KL‡bv Kei‡K gmwR` evwb‡q †b‡e bv,
wbðqB Avwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K wb‡la KiwQ G KvR †_‡K|Ó ...
GLv‡b jYxq †h, Kei ev Kei‡¯’i c~Rv bq ev g„‡Zi Kv‡Q PvIqv bq, Ke‡ii Kv‡Q gmwR` evbv‡bv ev mvjvZ Av`v‡qi
Rb¨ ivm~jyj­vn� Bûw`-bvmviv‡`i‡K KwVb fvlvq Awfkvc K‡i‡Qb| gmwR` I gmwR` †Kw›`ªK mKj Kg© Avj­vni Bev`Z|
A_P Avj­vni Bev`Z Kivi Rb¨ wZwb Hme RvwZ‡K jvÕbZ Ki‡jb, ïaygvÎ Ke‡ii Kv‡Q GB Bev`Z¸wj cvjb Kivi Kvi‡Y|
gmwR` Avj­vni Bev&`‡Zi Rb¨| gmwR‡` mvjvZ, `yÔAv BZ¨vw` hv wKQy Kiv nq meB Avj­vni Rb¨| g„‡Zi Rb¨ wKQzB bq|
Ke‡ii wbKU gmwR` evbv‡bvi D‡Ïk¨ Keievmxi Rb¨ mvjvZ Av`vq bq, eis Avj­vni Rb¨ mvjvZ Av`v‡q †bKKvi gvby‡li
mvnPvh© I eiKZ jvf gvÎ| wKš‘ Giƒc Zvevi&i“‡Ki wPš—vB wki‡Ki Ab¨Zg c_| GRb¨ ivm~jyj­vn � K‡Vvifv‡e Giƒc Ki‡Z
wb‡la K‡i‡Qb|
5. 3. 3. wki‡Ki KviY e¨vL¨v Kiv
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv †`wL †h, c~e©eZ©x gykwiK m¤cÖ`vq¸wj RxweZ, g„Z I Ro wewfbœ m„wói Bev`Z
KiZ| RxweZ‡`i g‡a¨ Zviv wdwikZv I wRbœM‡Yi Bev`Z KiZ| Avi g„Z‡`i g‡a¨ Zviv wewfbœ bex, ivm~j I †bKKvi
gvbyl‡`i Bev`Z KiZ| g„Z‡`i Bev`‡Zi †‡Î Zviv Zuv‡`i ¯§„wZweRwoZ wKQz mvg‡b †i‡L Zuv‡`i WvKZ| G‡‡Î Zv‡`i
cÖavb Aej¤^b wQj, Zv‡`i mgvwa, g~wZ©, ¯§„wZweRwoZ `ªe¨ ev ¯’vb BZ¨vw`| G mKj e¯‘‡K mvg‡b †i‡L G mKj g„Z‡`i AvZ¥vi
Rb¨ Zviv DrmM©, †fU, RevB, mvR`v BZ¨vw` †ck KiZ Ges Zv‡`i mvnvh¨, mycvwik, †bK-bRi BZ¨vw` Kvgbv KiZ| hy‡Mi
AveZ©‡b mvaviY A‡bK gykwiK G mKj g~wZ©, cv_i, Kei, e„ BZ¨vw`‡KB ÔcÖK…Z Dcvm¨Õ e‡j g‡b KiZ| Z‡e Zv‡`i
ga¨Kvi cwÊZ I ag©¸i“MY `vwe KiZ †h, G mKj `ªe¨ cÖK…Z Dcvm¨ bq, eis G¸wji mv‡_ RwoZ g~j e¨w³i AvZ¥vB cÖK…Z
fw³i cvÎ| G¸wj fw³ cÖKv‡ki gva¨g gvÎ| GQvov Puv`, myh© BZ¨vw`i Bev`ZI wewfbœ gykwiK m¤cÖ`v‡qi g‡a¨ cÖPwjZ wQj|
G¸wj‡K Zviv mªóvi kw³i cÖKvk ev Drm wn‡m‡e Ges †KD ev cÖK…Z g½j-Ag½‡ji Avavi wn‡m‡e Bev`Z KiZ|
G mKj gykwi‡Ki AwaKvskB c~e©eZ©x bexM‡Yi wkvjvf Kivi c‡iI wewfbœ Kvi‡Y Kzdi-wki‡Ki g‡a¨ wbcwZZ n‡q‡Q|
g°vi KvwdiMY, Bn~`xMY, L„÷vbMY Ges Giƒc Ab¨vb¨ RvwZi A‡b‡KB Avj­vni cÖwZ Cgvb, bexM‡Yi cÖwZ Cgvb, wdwikZvM‡Yi
cÖwZ Cgvb, wKZvemg~‡ni cÖwZ Cgvb, AvwLiv‡Zi cÖwZ Cgvb, ZvK`x‡ii cÖwZ Cgvb BZ¨vw` `vwe KiZ| wKš‘ Zv m‡Ë¡I Zviv
wki‡K wjß wQj| G mKj gykwiK Avj­vni wcÖq ev›`v‡`i‡K Avj­vni mv‡_ kixK KiZ| Cmv (Av), DhvBi (Av), Beivnxg (Av),
BmgvCj (Av) I Ab¨vb¨ bexMY I wdwikZvM‡Yi Bev`Z KiZ| GQvov KwíZ A‡bK ÔAvj­vni wcÖq ev›`viÕ Bev`ZI Zviv KiZ|
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi eY©bv Abymv‡i Zv‡`i G weåvwš—i KviYmg~n wbgœiƒc:
5. 3. 3. 1. we‡kl ev›`vM‡Yi fw³ welqK weåvwš—
Zv‡`i `vwe wQj †h, G mKj ev›`v Avj­vni AwZ wcÖq Ges G‡`i mv‡_ Avj­vni we‡kl m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| †h m¤ú‡K©i Kvi‡Y
ZvivI we‡kl fw³ ev Bev`‡Zi cvIbv`vi n‡q‡Qb| G mKj gvby‡li gywRhv, KvivgZ ev A‡jŠwKK Kg©KvʇK Zviv Zv‡`i
192

Dj~wnq¨vZ ev Bev`Z cvIqvi †hvM¨Zvi cÖgvY wn‡m‡e †ck KiZ| Zv‡`i g‡Z, gnvb Avj­vnB G‡`i‡K †m gh©v`v w`‡q‡Qb Kv‡RB
G‡`i Bev`Z Ki‡j ¯^qs Avj­vn Lywk nb Ges G‡`i Bev`Z Ki‡j GivB gvbyl‡`i‡K Avj­vni wbKUeZ©x K‡i †`b| Zv‡`i G
`vwe ev Ôhyw³iÕ wel‡q Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻔ�ﻠﹶﺘﹾﺨ�ﻴ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ �ﻡ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ ﻰﹶﻔﹾﻟ�ﺯ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨﻭ�ﺒ�ﺭﹶﻘ�ﻴِﻟ ﻻِﺇ
�ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌﹶﻨ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﺫﹶﺨﱠﺘﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
�ﺭﺎﱠﻔﹶﻜ �ﺏ�ﺫﺎﹶﻜ �ﻭ�ﻫ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻬ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
ÔÔAvi hviv Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨vb¨ AvDwjqv (AwffveK ev eÜz) MÖnb K‡i‡Q Zviv e‡j, Avgiv †Zv G‡`i ïay GRb¨B Bev`vZ
Kwi †h Giv Avgv‡`i‡K Avj­vni mvwbœ‡a¨ †cuŠ‡Q †`‡e| Zviv †h wel‡q gZwe‡iv‡a wjß i‡q‡Q Avj­vn Zvi dqmvjv K‡i †`‡eb|
†h wg_¨vev`x Kvwdi Avj­vn Zv‡K mrc‡_ cwiPvwjZ K‡ib bv|ÕÕ 759
G Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq Bgvg Zvevix e‡jb: Ògnvb Avj­vn ej‡Qb, Avj­vn e¨ZxZ Ab¨ hv‡`i‡K Zviv Ijx wn‡m‡e MÖnY
K‡i‡Q Zviv Avj­vn Qvov Zv‡`i‡K fvjev‡m I Bev`Z K‡i Ges e‡j, †n Avgv‡`i Dcvm¨MY, Avgiv †Zv †Zvgv‡`i GKgvÎ
GRb¨B Bev`Z KiwQ †h, †Zvgiv Avgv‡`i‡K Avj­vni wbKU ˆbKU¨ I gh©v`v cvB‡q †`‡e Ges Avgv‡`i nvRZ cÖ‡qvR‡bi wel‡q
Avj­vni wbKU mycvwik Ki‡e|... cÖwm× Zvweqx gydvm&wmi gyRvwn` Beby Rve&i (104 wn) e‡jb: KzivBk Zv‡`i gywZ©¸wj‡K G K_v
ejZ Ges Zv‡`i c~e©eZ©xMY wdwikZvMY‡K Zv ejZ, Cmv Beby gwiqg‡K (Av) Zv ejZ Ges DhvBi (Av)-‡K Zv ejZ|Ó 760
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, kvn IqvwjDj­vn (ivn) Zv‡`i G hyw³i e¨vL¨ K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i G `vwei mvigg© n‡jv, G mKj eyRy‡M©i
Bev`Z bv K‡i ïay Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡j Zv Keyj n‡e bv| G Qvov Avj­vn AwZ gnvb I AwZ E‡aŸ©| Zvi ˆbKU¨ jv‡fi Rb¨
mivmwi Zvi Bev`Z †Kv‡bv Kv‡R Avm‡e bv| eis G mKj eyRy‡M©i Bev`Z Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Zviv Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ cvB‡q w`‡Z
cv‡ib|
5. 3. 3. 2. we‡kl ev›`v‡`i mycvwik welqK weåvwš—
gykwiK‡`i wØZxq hyw³ ev Ô`wjjÕ wQj mycvwi‡ki `wjj| Zviv ¯^xKvi KiZ †h, mKj gZv GKgvÎ Avj­vniB| Z‡e
G mKj ev›`v‡K Avj­vn we‡klfv‡e fvjev‡mb, Kv‡RB G‡`i mycvwik wZwb cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡ib bv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡـﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭُﺌ�ﺒﹶﻨﹸﺘَﺃ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨُﺅﺎ�ﻌﹶﻔﹸﺸ �ﺀﻻُﺅ�ﻫ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻌﹶﻔﹾﻨ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﻀ�ﻴ ﻻ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋ ﻰﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹶﺘ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﻨﺎ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ
ÔÔZviv Avj­vn e¨ZxZ hv‡`i Bev`Z K‡i Zviv Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv wZI Ki‡Z cv‡i bv DcKviI Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Zviv e‡j
Giv Avj­vni Kv‡Q Avgv‡`i mycvwikKvix (kvdvqvZKvix)| ej, †Zvgiv wK Avj­vn‡K Ggb wKQy RvbvPQ hv wZwb Rv‡bb bv AvKvk
gÊjx I c„w_exi g‡a¨? myenvbvj­vn! wZwb mygnvb, mycweÎ Ges †Zvgv‡`i wkiK †_‡K wZwb D‡a©Ÿ|ÕÕ 761
me‡P‡q gRvi e¨vcvi n‡jv , Kvwdiiv GK_v A¯^xKvi KiZ bv †h, Avj­vni B”Qvi wei“‡× G mKj Dcv‡m¨i †Kvb
gZv †bB| Giv ïay mycvwik Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avj­vn hw` †Kvb Kj¨vY AKj¨v‡Yi wm×vš— †bb Zvn‡j Zv †iva Kivi gZv
Zv‡`i †bB| G wel‡q Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺭـ�ﻀﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺩﺍ�ﺭَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﻴَﺃ�ﺭﹶﻓَﺃ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴﹶﻟ �ﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹶﻕﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﺘﹾﻟَﺄ�ﺴ �ﻥِﺌﹶﻟ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻠﱢﻜ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ُلﱠﻜ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﻴ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻲﹺﺒ�ﺴ�ﺤ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ ﹸﺕﺎﹶﻜ�ﺴ�ﻤ�ﻤ
�ﻥ�ﻫ ْل�ﻫ �ﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺩﺍ�ﺭَﺃ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻀ ﹸﺕﺎﹶﻔ�ﺸﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻫ ْل�ﻫ
Òhw` G‡`i‡K wRÁvmv Ki: AvKvk gÊjx I c„w_ex †K m„w÷ K‡i‡Qb? Giv Dˇi Aek¨B ej‡e: Avj­vn| ej:
†Zvgiv ej †Zv, hw` Avj­vn Avvgvi †Kv‡bv Awbó Ki‡Z Pvb Zvn‡j wK †Zvgiv Avj­vni cwie‡Z© hv‡`i‡K WvKQ Zviv wK †m
Awbó `~i Ki‡Z cvi‡e? A_ev wZwb hw` Avgv‡K AbyMÖn Ki‡Z Pvb Zvn‡j wK Zviv †m AbyMÖn‡K †iva Ki‡Z cvi‡e? ej:
Avgvi Rb¨ Avj­vnB h‡_ó | wbf©iKvixMY Zvi DciB wbf©i K‡i|ÕÕ 762
A_©vr Kvwdiiv †g‡b wb‡”Q †h Avj­vni B”Qv †iva Kivi gZv G‡`i †bB| Zvi ciI Zviv G‡`i Bev`Z KiZ,
ïaygvÎ G hyw³‡Z †h, Giv Avj­vni `iev‡i mycvwik K‡i Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡e Ges G‡`i Bev`Z Ki‡j Avj­vn Lywk
n‡eb, KviY Giv Avj­vni wcÖq| Avj­vn GLv‡b Ges KziAv‡bi me©Î GB A¢‚Z hyw³i AmviZv eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| G‡`i hLb
†Kvb gZvB †bB Ges me gZvB hLb Avj­vni ZLb Avj­vn‡K bv †W‡K G‡`i‡K WvKvi gZ †evKvwg Avi wK n‡Z cv‡i|
Zv‡`i Giƒc K‡g©i AmviZv I ¯^we‡ivwaZv awi‡q w`‡j mKj hyw³‡Z civ¯— n‡j Zviv cÖPj‡bi †`vnvq w`Z| mKj
a‡g© Ki‡Q, hyM hyM a‡i c~e©cyi“liv K‡i G‡m‡Qb, Zviv Beivnxg (Av), BmgvCj (Av) I Ab¨vb¨ bex †_‡KB †Zv ag© MÖnY
K‡i‡Qb| Kv‡RB Zv‡`i Kg© wKfv‡e fyj n‡Z cv‡i| GKgvÎ Avj­vni Gev`Z Ki‡Z n‡e GUv GKwU A¢‚Z bZzb K_v,
D‡Ïk¨g~jKfv‡e Avgv‡`i‡K weåvš— Kivi Rb¨ Gme K_v ejv n‡”Q, hv Avgiv Av‡M KL‡bv ïwbwb | G welqK wKQz AvqvZ
193

Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ|
KziAv‡bi eY©bvi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv †`wL †h, wki‡Ki c‡_ Zv‡`i c`‡c¸wj wQj wbgœiƒc:
(1) Zviv wek¦vm KiZ †h, Avj­vnB GKgvÎ mªóv I mKj gZvi gvwjK| Zv‡`i G wek¦vm mwVK wQj|
(2) Zviv wek¦vm KiZ †h, wdwikZvMY bexMY I Ab¨vb¨ wKQz gvbyl‡K Avj­vn we‡klfv‡e fvjev‡mb| wdwikZv I
bexM‡Yi wel‡q Zv‡`i wek¦vm mwVK wQj, Z‡e Ab¨vb¨‡`i wel‡q Zviv A‡bK gbMov e¨w³‡Z¡i m„wó K‡iwQj|
(3) Zviv wek¦vm KiZ †h, G mKj e¨w³ Avj­vni Kv‡Q mycvwik Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Zv‡`i G wek¦vmwU wQj mZ¨ I wg_¨vi
mgwš^Z iƒc| gnvb Avj­vn Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h, wdwikZvMY ev Avj­vn wcÖq ev›`vMY mycvwik Ki‡eb, Z‡e Zv Zv‡`i B”QvgZ bq| eis
mycvwik ev kvdvÔAv‡Zi gvwjKvbv GKgvÎ Avj­vni| Avj­vn hv‡K AbygwZ cÖ`vb Ki‡eb wZwb mycvwik Ki‡eb †KejgvÎ Zvi Rb¨
hvi wel‡q Avj­vn AbygwZ w`‡q‡Qb Ges hvi Dc‡i Avj­vn wb‡R mš‘ó i‡q‡Qb| Kv‡RB mycvwi‡ki Kíbv K‡i Zv‡`i Bev`Z Kiv
hv‡e bv| eis Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡Z n‡e, Avj­vn hvi Dci mš‘ó n‡eb Zvi Rb¨ mycvwi‡ki AbygwZ cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|
(4) Zviv wek¦vm KiZ †h, G‡`i Bev`Z Ki‡j Avj­vn Lywk nb Ges GivI mycvwik K‡i Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb¸wj Avj­vni
wbKU †_‡K Av`vq K‡i †`b| G wek¦vmwU fq¼i wg_¨v I wfwËnxb|
5. 3. 3. 3. kqZv‡bi cÖZviYv
wki‡Ki Ab¨Zg KviY wQj kqZv‡bi cÖZviYv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎـﹶﻜ ْلـ�ﺒ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻙﹶﻨﺎ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎ�ﻴِﺇ �ﺀﻻُﺅ�ﻫَﺃ �ﺔﹶﻜِﺌﻼ�ﻤﹾﻠِﻟ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﺎ�ﻌﻴ�ﻤ�ﺠ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭﹸﺸ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ �ﻡﹺﻬﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭﹶﺜﹾﻜَﺃ �ﻥﹺﺠﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴ
Ò†hw`b wZwb G‡`i‡K mKj‡K GKwÎZ Ki‡eb Ges wdwikZv‡`i‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡eb, ÔGiv wK †Zvgv‡`i‡KB Bev`Z
KiZ?Õ wdwikZviv ej‡e, ÔZzwg cweÎ, gnvb! Avgv‡`i m¤úK© †ZvgviB mv‡_, Zv‡`i mv‡_ bq| Zviv †Zv Bev`Z KiZ
wRbœ‡`i Ges G‡`i AwaKvskB wQj Zv‡`i cÖwZ wek¦vmx|Ó 763
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡـﹸﻜﱠﻨِﺇ َل�ﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ﺍ�ﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻙ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﻨ ﺎﱠﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨُﺅﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﹸﺸ �ﺀﻻُﺅ�ﻫ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺀﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﹸﺸ ﺍﻭﹸﻜ�ﺭﹾﺸَﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ
ﻯَﺃ�ﺭ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺒ�ﺫﺎﹶﻜﹶﻟ
ÒgykwiKMY hv‡`i‡K Avj­vni kixK evwb‡qwQj (wKqvg‡`i w`b) hLb Zviv Zv‡`i‡K †`L‡e ZLb ej‡e, †n
Avgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK, GivB †Zv Zviv hv‡`i‡K Avgiv †Zvgvi kixK evwb‡qwQjvg, hv‡`i‡K Avgiv †Zvgvi cwie‡Z© WvKZvg|
ZLb Zv‡`i K_vi cÖwZ-Dˇi Zviv ej‡e: †Zvgiv Aek¨B wg_¨vev`x|Ó 764
G mKj AvqvZ †_‡K eySv hvq †h, wRbœ kqZvbMY G mKj Dcv‡m¨i †ek a‡i G‡`i wbKU cÖKvwkZ n‡Zv, G‡`i‡K ¯^cœ,
Kvkd, A‡jŠwKK `k©b BZ¨vw`i gva¨‡g AbycÖvwYZ KiZ, wewfbœ A‡jŠwKK Kvh© Kwi‡q w`Z| Gfv‡e G mKj gykwiK g‡b KiZ
†h, Zviv wdwikZv‡`iB Bev`Z Ki‡Q, wKš‘ cÖK…Zc‡ Zviv kqZv‡bi Bev`Z KiZ|
mvaviYfv‡e kqZvb avwg©K gvbyl‡`i‡K Avj­vni wcÖq ev›`v I †bKKvi eyRyM©‡`i wel‡q fw³i gvÎv evov‡Z evov‡Z
wki‡Ki g‡a¨ wbcwZZ Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡ivPbv †`q e‡j nv`xm kixd †_‡K Rvbv hvq| b~n (Av)-Gi RvwZi Kzd&i m¤ú‡K© gnvb
Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﺍ�ﺭ�ﺴﹶﻨ�ﻭ ﹶﻕﻭ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﻭ ﹶﺙﻭﹸﻐ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻋﺍ�ﻭ�ﺴ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﺭﹶﺫﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﺘ�ﻬِﻟَﺁ �ﻥ�ﺭﹶﺫﹶﺘ ﻻ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ
Zviv ejj, Ô†Zvgiv KL‡bv cwiZ¨vM K‡iv bv †Zvgv‡`i Bjvn‡`i‡K (Dcvm¨‡`i‡K), cwiZ¨vM K‡iv bv IqvÏ,
m~IqvÕAv, qvM~m, qvÔEK I bvm&i-‡K|Ó 765
nv`xm kix‡d G welqwU e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q| nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, cÖ_g gvbe mgvR wQj
ZvInx`ev`x gywgb gymwjg| Av`g (Av)-Gi c‡i K‡qK kZvãx Gfv‡eB gvbyl ZvInx` I Cgv‡bi Dci wQj| Gici
AvIwjqv †Kiv‡gi †‡Î AwZfw³i Kvi‡Y µgvš^‡q mgv‡R wki‡Ki ïi“ nq| mnxn eyLvix I Ab¨vb¨ nv`xmMÖ‡š’, Zvdmx‡i
Zvevix I Ab¨vb¨ Zvdmx‡ii MÖ‡š’ G welqK A‡bK nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| G mKj eY©bvi mvims‡c wbgœiƒc: Av`g mš—
vb‡`i g‡a¨ Iqv`, myIqv, BqvM~m, BqvEK I bvmi Ñ GB cuvP e¨w³ Lye †bKKvi eyRyM© gvbyl wQ‡jb| Zuv‡`i A‡bK Abymvix,
f³ I gyix` wQ‡jb, hviv Zuv‡`i wejv‡q‡Zi wel‡q LyeB D”P aviYv †cvlY Ki‡Zb| Zuv‡`i g„Zy¨i c‡i Zuv‡`i wel‡q
AwZfw³Kvix †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Abymvix kqZv‡bi IqvIqvmvq e‡jb: Avgiv G‡`i gvRwjm ev ¯§„wZ weRwoZ ¯’vb¸wj‡Z G‡`i
Rb¨ wKQz ¯§„wZwPý ev ¯§„wZ¯—¤¢ ˆZwi K‡i ivwL| Avgiv hw` Gu‡`i Qwe evwb‡q †i‡L w`B Zvn‡j Zv Avgv‡`i‡K †ewk †ewk
Avj­vni Bev`Z e‡›`wM Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡e| Gici hLb GivI gviv †Mj ZLb Bewjm cieZx© hy‡Mi gvbyl‡`i‡K
194

IqvmIqvmv w`‡Z jvMj, †Zvgv‡`i c~e©eZ©xMY †Zv Gu‡`i ïay ïay Qwe K‡i iv‡Lbwb| Zviv †Zv G‡`i Ôfw³Õ KiZ Ges
G‡`i WvKvi d‡jB †Zv Zviv e„wó †cZ| ZLb †m hy‡Mi gvby‡liv Gu‡`i c~Rv Kiv ïi“ Kij| 766
5. 3. 3. 4. weåvš— e¨w³‡`i AÜ-AbymiY
KziAvb-nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv †`wL †h, wki‡Ki Ab¨Zg KviY c~e©eZ©x weåvš— e¨w³‡`i AÜ-AbyKiY| Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e©
Avi‡ei Kvwdi‡`i cÖm‡½ †`‡LwQ †h, ivm~jyj­vn � hLb KziAv‡bi gva¨‡g Zv‡`i wki‡Ki mKj hyw³i AmviZv cÖgvY Ki‡Zb
ZLb Zviv me©‡kl hyw³ wn‡m‡e mgv‡Ri cÖPjb I c~e©cyi“l‡`i Kg©‡K cÖgvY wn‡m‡e †ck KiZ Ges wkiK cwiZ¨M Ki‡Z
A¯^xKvi KiZ|
Bn~`x-L„÷vb‡`i †‡ÎI welqwU my¯úó| Zv‡`i wbKU we`¨gvb weK…Z ÔevB‡ejÕ my¯úóiƒ‡c Zv‡`i wki‡Ki AmviZv
cÖgvY K‡i| evB‡e‡ji AMwYZ AvqvZ GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`Z Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`q Ges Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv e¨w³i,
gywZ©i ev cÖwZK…wZi c~Rv I Dcvmbv KwVbfv‡e wb‡la K‡i| evB‡e‡ji †Kv_vI wÎZ¡ev` Ges Cmv (Av)-Gi Bev`Z Kivi
†Kv‡bv my¯úó wb‡`©k †bB| G mKj welq Zv‡`i Kv‡Q my¯úó Kivi c‡iI Zviv Zv‡`i wkiK cwiZ¨vM Ki‡Z ivwR nb bv|
g~jZ Zv‡`i hyw³ GKwUB, †cŠj I Zvi Abymvix gykwiK‡`i cÖwZ Zv‡`i fw³ Ges nvIqvix ev wkl¨M‡Yi bv‡g cÖPwjZ wKQz
wg_¨v K_vi wfwˇZ Zv‡`i‡KI Giƒc gykwiK g‡b K‡i Zv‡`i Abymi‡Yi `vwe| G wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﱡﻠ�ﻀ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺜﹶﻜ ﺍﻭﱡﻠ�ﻀَﺃ�ﻭ ُل�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﱡﻠ�ﻀ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﹴﻡ�ﻭﹶﻗ �ﺀﺍ�ﻭ�ﻫَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻨﻴ�ﺩ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﻭﹸﻠﹾﻐﹶﺘ ﻻ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ َل�ﻫَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ ْلﹸﻗ
ِلﻴﹺﺒ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﺀﺍ�ﻭ�ﺴ
Òej, †n wKZvexMY, †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i `x‡bi wel‡q evovevwo K‡iv bv Ges †m m¤cÖ`vq B‡Zvc~‡e© c_åó n‡q‡Q I A‡bK‡K
c_åó K‡i‡Q Ges mij c_ †_‡K wePz¨Z n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i †Lqvj-Lywki AbymiY K‡iv bv|Ó 767
5. 3. 3. 5. †bZ…e„‡›`i AÜ AvbyMZ¨
A‡bK mgq e¨w³ gvbyl wb‡Ri we‡eK I eyw× w`‡q mZ¨‡K Dcjwä Ki‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ mgv‡Ri †bZ…e„‡›`i AbyKiY-wcÖqZv
ev Zv‡`i we‡ivwaZvi AbvMÖn Zv‡K mZ¨ MÖnY †_‡K weiZ iv‡L|
GKRb mvaviY gykwiK hLb KziAv‡bi hyw³¸wj wb‡q wPš—v K‡i ZLb wki‡Ki AmviZv I ZvInx‡`i Avek¨KZv
eyS‡Z cv‡i| gnvb Avj­vnB GKgvÎ cÖwZcvjK I me©kw³gvb| Zuvi B”Qvi evB‡i Kv‡iv wKQz Kivi gZv †bB| Kv‡RB
Zv‡K Qvov Ab¨‡K WvKvi, mvR`v Kivi, gvbZ Kivi, wb‡Ri AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvk Kivi `iKvi Uv wK? Avgiv `vwe KiwQ †h,
gnvb Avj­vn †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv ev›`v‡K wKQz gZv w`‡q‡Qb, wKš‘ G `vwe Avgiv Inxi gva¨‡g cÖgvY Ki‡Z cviwQ bv| wZwb
KvD‡K †Kv‡bv gZv w`‡q‡Qb e‡j †Kv_vI e‡jb wb| wZwb Zvi †Kv‡bv bex ev wcÖq ew³Z¡‡K WvK‡ZI wb‡`©k †`b| wZwb
†Kv_vI e‡jb wb †h, AgyK bex, wdwikZv ev AgyK e¨w³‡K WvK Ges Zvi Kv‡Q mvnvh¨ PvI, gvbZ Ki, †fU `vI, Zvn‡j
Avwg Lywk ne| eis wZwb evisevi ej‡Qb †h, Avgv‡K Qvov KvD‡K †WK bv| †Kej Avgv‡KB WvK AvwgB me cÖ‡qvRb
†gUv‡Z cvwi| Kv‡RB Avwg †Kb Avvj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K WvKe ev Zvi Bev`Z Kie? mKj hyw³ I we‡e‡Ki `vwe †Zv GB
†h, Avwg ïay gnvb Avj­vniB Bev`Z Kie|
Gfv‡e GKRb mvaviY Zvi wb‡Ri eyw× I we‡eK w`‡q wki‡Ki AmviZv eyS‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ †m Zvi G wPš—v ag©¸i“ ev
mgvRcwZi gZvg‡Zi wei“‡× cÖKvk Ki‡Z wØav †eva K‡i A_ev wm×vš—nxbZvq †fv‡M| A_ev Giƒc ag©¸i“ ev mgvRcwZ‡`i
Kv‡Q Zvi wPš—v cÖKvk Ki‡j Zviv e‡j, Av‡i ev` †` Ime K_v! hviv wcZvwcZvgn‡`i ag© cwiZ¨vM K‡i bZzb K_v ej‡Q Zv‡`i
gZ †eqv`e‡`i K_vq Kvb w`we bv| hyM hyM a‡i mK‡jB Ki‡Q, †KD wKQz eySj bv Avi Zzwg †ewk eyS‡j| AgyK, AgyK, ZgyK
eyRyM©, cv`wi, hvRK, ag©¸i“ Giƒc e‡j‡Qb I K‡i‡Qb, Zv‡`i K_v †Zvgvi fvj jv‡M bv! Giƒc K‡i AgyK GZ wKQz †c‡q‡Qb,
†eqv`we K‡i AgyK AgyK kvw¯— †c‡q‡Q, Kv‡RB mveavb!! ... BZ¨vw` wewfbœ hyw³i Kv‡Q `ye©j wPË gvby‡li we‡eK †LB nvwi‡q
†d‡j| †m wb‡Ri we‡e‡Ki WvK cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i mgv‡Ri mv‡_ Zvj wgwj‡q Pj‡Z _v‡K|
G‡`i Ae¯’v eY©bv K‡i gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
َﺃ�ﺭ�ﺒﹶﺘﹶﻨﹶﻓ ﹰﺓ�ﺭﹶﻜ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻟ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻭﹶﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﻌ�ﺒﱠﺘﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ �ﺏﺎ�ﺒ�ﺴَﻷﺍ �ﻡﹺﻬﹺﺒ ﹾﺕ�ﻌﱠﻁﹶﻘﹶﺘ�ﻭ �ﺏﺍﹶﺫ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ ﺍ�ﻭَﺃ�ﺭ�ﻭ ﺍﻭ�ﻌ�ﺒﱠﺘﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱡﺘﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ َﺃ�ﺭ�ﺒﹶﺘ ﹾﺫِﺇ
ﺎﱠﻨ�ﻤ ﺍﻭ�ﺀ�ﺭ�ﺒﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ
ÒhLb Abym„ZMY AbymiYKvwiMY m¤^‡Ü `vwqZ¡ MÖn‡Y A¯^xKvi Ki‡e Ges Zviv kvw¯— cÖZ¨ Ki‡e Ges Zv‡`i
ga¨Kvi mg¯— m¤úK© wQbœ n‡q hv‡e| Ges hviv AbymiY K‡iwQj Zviv ej‡e, Ônvq! hw` GKevi Avgv‡`i cÖZ¨veZ©b NUZ
Z‡e AvgivI Zv‡`i m¤úK© wQbœ KiZvg †hgb Zviv Avgv‡`i m¤úK© wQbœ Kij|ÕÓ 768
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
195

�ﻥﻴ�ﺫـﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻔ�ﻌـ�ﻀﹸﺘ�ﺴﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫـﱠﻟﺍ ُلﻭـﹸﻘ�ﻴ َل�ﻭـﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻊﹺﺠ�ﺭ�ﻴ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭﹸﻓﻭﹸﻗ�ﻭ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻟﺍ �ﺫِﺇ ﻯ�ﺭﹶﺘ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭ
�ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺀﺎـ�ﺠ ﹾﺫِﺇ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻬﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎﹶﻨ�ﺩ�ﺩ�ﺼ �ﻥ�ﺤﹶﻨ َﺃ ﺍﻭﹸﻔ�ﻌ�ﻀﹸﺘ�ﺴﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﺭ�ﺒﹾﻜﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ . �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ ﺎﱠﻨﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ ﻻ�ﻭﹶﻟ
ﺍﻭ�ﺭ�ﺒﹾﻜﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﺭـﹸﻔﹾﻜﹶﻨ �ﻥَﺃ ﺎـﹶﻨﹶﻨﻭ�ﺭ�ﻤْﺄﹶﺘ ﹾﺫِﺇ ﹺﺭﺎ�ﻬﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ ِل�ﻴﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺭﹾﻜ�ﻤ ْل�ﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﺭ�ﺒﹾﻜﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻔ�ﻌ�ﻀﹸﺘ�ﺴﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ . �ﻥﻴ�ﻤﹺﺭ�ﺠ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ ْل�ﺒ
ﺍ�ﺩﺍ�ﺩﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻪﹶﻟ َل�ﻌ�ﺠﹶﻨ�ﻭ
ÒZzwg hw` †`L‡Z Rvwjg‡`i‡K hLb Zv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki m¤§y‡L Zv‡`i‡K `Êvqgvb Kiv n‡e, ZLb Zviv ci¯úi
ev`-cÖwZev` Ki‡e| hv‡`i‡K `ye©j g‡b Kiv n‡Zv Zviv gZv`c©x‡`i‡K ej‡e, †Zvgiv bv _vK‡j Avgiv Aek¨B gywgb
nZvg| hviv gZv`c©x wQj Zviv `ye©j‡`i‡K ej‡e, Ô‡Zvgv‡`i wbKU mrc‡_i w`kv Avmvi ci wK Avgiv †Zvgv‡`i‡K Zv
†_‡K wee„Ë K‡iwQjvg? e¯‘Z †ZvgivB wQ‡j Acivax| `ye©jiv gZv`c©x‡`i‡K ej‡e, ÔcÖK…Zc‡ †ZvgivB †Zv w`evivÎ
Pµv‡š— wjß wQ‡j, Avgv‡`i‡K wb‡`©k w`‡qwQ‡j †hb Avgiv Avj­vn‡K Agvb¨ Kwi Ges Zvi kixK ¯’vcb Kwi|Ó 769
5. 3. 3. 6. Bev`‡Zi A_© m¤ú‡K© weåvwš—
B‡Zvc~‡e© Avgiv L„÷vb‡`i wki‡Ki wel‡qI KziAv‡bi we‡k­lY Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Inxi mv‡_
wb‡R‡`i gbMov e¨vL¨v ms‡hvM K‡i e¨vL¨v‡K wek¦v‡m cwiYZ K‡i Zviv wki‡K wbgw¾Z nq| Zv‡`i wki‡Ki †‡Î KziAvb
Kvix‡g Ab¨ GKwU welq D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| wÎZ¡ev` I Cmv (Av)-Gi Ck¦iZ¡ QvovI Zviv Cmv (Av)-Gi gvZv gvwiqvg
(Av)-‡K gvÕey` wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Q e‡j KziAv‡b D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹺﻥ�ﻴ�ﻬﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻲ�ﻤُﺃ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﻨﻭﹸﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘﺍ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻠِﻟ ﹶﺕﹾﻠﹸﻗ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﺒﺍ ﻰ�ﺴﻴ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﹾﺫِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒAvj­vn hLb ej‡eb, †n gviqvg Zbq Cmv, Zzwg wK gvbyl‡`i‡K e‡jwQ‡j †h, †Zvgiv Avj­vn e¨ZxZ Avgv‡K I
Avgvi Rbbx‡K Bjvniƒ‡c MÖnY Ki?...Ó 770
L„÷vb ag©¸i“MY `vwe K‡ib †h, mvaviY L„÷vbMY KL‡bvB gwiqvg‡K wÎZ¡ev‡`i Ask ev Ck¦i wn‡m‡e wek¦vm K‡ib
bv| eis Zviv Zv‡K gvbyl I hxïi gvZv wn‡m‡e Ôfw³Õ K‡ib, Zvi bv‡g gvbZ K‡ib, fw³i cÖKvk wn‡m‡e Zvi bv‡g DrmM©
K‡ib ev Zvi gywZ© ˆZwi K‡i iv‡Lb| wKš‘ KL‡bvB Zviv Zv‡K ÔCk¦iÕ e‡j g‡b K‡ib bv, Ck¦‡ii †Kv‡bv Ask e‡jI g‡b
K‡ib bv| 771
e¯‘Z ÔBev`‡ZiÕ aviYv m¤ú‡K© AÁZvB Zv‡`i G mKj cÖjv‡ci KviY| cÖK…Zc‡ Zviv Ôfw³Õ, Ôkª×vÕ BZ¨vw`i bv‡g
Zviv ÔgwiqgÕ (Av)-Gi Bev`Z KiZ| Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© Bev`‡Zi A_© Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, A‡jŠwKK ev
Acvw_©e cÖv_©bvB Bev`‡Zi gyj I cÖavb cÖKvk| Avi cÖv_©bv ev `yÔAvi Keywjq¨v‡Zi Rb¨ gvbZ, bhi, DrmM©, mvR`v BZ¨vw`
Kiv nq| L„÷vbMY Gfv‡eB gviBqvg (Av)-Gi Bev`Z K‡i| Zviv Zuv‡K Avj­vn ev mªóv e‡j `vwe K‡i bv| Z‡e ÔCk¦‡ii
gvZvÕ ev ÔAvj­vni we‡kl Ki“Yv-cÖvß gvbyl wn‡m‡eÕ wdwjw¯—‡b Zuvi Ke‡i Ges mKj MxR©vq Zuvi gywZ© ˆZwi K‡i gywZ©i mvg‡b
Zv‡`i nvRZ ev cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡bvi Rb¨ A‡jŠwKK mvnv‡h¨i Avkvq Zuviv Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv K‡i| Avi cÖv_©bv †hb Ôgv-‡gixÕ
ZvovZvwo c~iY K‡ib †m Avkvq Zvi wbKU gvbZ, bhi BZ¨vw` †ck K‡i ev mvR`v K‡i c‡o _v‡K|
5. 3. 4. wki‡Ki A‡hŠw³KZv e¨vL¨v Kiv
KziAvb Kvix‡gi cÖvq cÖwZ c„ôv‡ZB wewfbœfv‡e gykwiK‡`i weåvwš— LÊb Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Zv‡`i K‡g©i A‡hŠw³KZv
my¯úófv‡e Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| G mKj hyw³ I Av‡jvPbv we¯—vwiZ Rvb‡Z n‡j A_© Abyaveb-mn KziAvb cvVB Avgv‡`i g~j
KiYxq| GLv‡b AwZ ms‡‡c KziAv‡bi G welqK Av‡jvPbvi K‡qKwU w`K D‡j­L Kie|
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, KziAv‡b AwaKvsk‡‡Î `y †kªYxi gykwi‡Ki AvKx`v LÊb Kiv n‡q‡Q: (1) Avi‡ei
gykwiKMY Ges (2) Bn~`x-L„÷vbMY|
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, cÖ_g `‡ji gykwiKMY GKev‡K¨ ¯^xKvi KiZ †h, gnvb Avj­vnB GKgvÎ mªóv I me©kw³gvb I
mve©‡fŠg gvwjK Ges wZwb Kj¨vY ev AKj¨v‡Yi †Kv‡bv dqmvjv w`‡j Zv †iva Kivi gZv †Kv‡bv Dcv‡m¨iB †bB| Z‡e mvaviY
Ae¯’v‡Z Giv wKQz Kj¨v‡Yi gZv iv‡L †h gZv Zv‡`i‡K Avj­vnB fvj‡e‡m w`‡q‡Qb| G‡`i WvK‡j Avj­vn Lywk nb Ges
G‡`i mycvwik Avj­vn †d‡jb bv|
G wek¦v‡mi wfwˇZ Zviv wdwikZv, wRbœ, c~e©eZ©x †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv bex-ivm~j Ges A‡bK cÖwZgv-gywZ© I cÖwZK…wZi
Bev`Z KiZ|
wØZxq `‡ji gvby‡livI Avj­vni GK‡Z¡ wek¦vm KiZ| L„÷vbMY Cmv (Av)-Gi wel‡q wewfbœ AwZfw³g~jK wek¦v‡mi Kvi‡Y
wkiK KiZ| GQvov gwiqg (Av)-Gi I Bev`Z KiZ| Dciš‘ A‡bK mvay, †m›U ev mvš—vi fw³i bv‡g Zviv Zv‡`i Bev`Z
KiZ|
196

G‡`i wki‡Ki A‡hŠw³KZv eY©bvq KziAv‡bi hyw³i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:
5. 3. 4. 1. whwb GKgvÎ iveŸ wZwbB GKgvÎ Bjvn
i“e~weq¨vZ †h‡nZz GKgvÎ Avj­vni †m‡nZz A‡b¨i Bev`Z G‡Kev‡iB A‡hŠw³K| hvi g‡a¨ P~ovš— i“e~weq¨v‡Zi ev
cÖwZcvjb, msnvi, msiY BZ¨vw`i gZv †bB Zvi wbKU P~ovš— fw³ ev webq cÖKv‡ki gZ cvMjvwg Avi wK n‡Z cv‡i|
Avgiv KziAv‡bi G welqK wKQz hyw³ I Av‡jvPbv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ|
gykwiK‡`i mKj Dcv‡m¨i †‡ÎB G welqwU mgfv‡e cÖ‡hvR¨| gywZ©, cÖwZgv, wdwikZv, bex, Ijx, wRbœ ev Ab¨ mK‡ji
†‡ÎB gykwiKMY GKev‡K¨ ¯^xKvi KiZ †h, Giv †KD mªóv bb, GKwU gvwQI G‡`i †KD m„wó K‡ib wb Ges m„wó I cÖwZcvj‡bi
GKK gZv Avj­vniB|
5. 3. 4. 2. gvbyl Zvi `vm‡K gZvi kixK evbvq bv
†Kv_vI †Kv_vI gvbexq hyw³‡ZB Zv‡`i `vwei AmviZv dzwU‡q Zzjv n‡q‡Q| gykwiKMYI ¯^xKvi K‡i Ges KiZ †h,
hv‡`i Zviv Wv‡K Zviv Avj­vni ev›`v I Avj­vni gvwjKvbvaxb, Z‡e Avj­vn Zv‡`i fvjev‡mb, d‡j Zviv Avj­vni gvne~e, wcÖq ev
Ijx| Kv‡RB gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi A‡jŠwKK wek¦cwiPvjbv kw³ Zv‡`i‡K `vb K‡i‡Qb|
gnvb Avj­vn Rvwb‡q‡Qb, Zv‡`i G wPš—vwUB g~jZ Amvi, AjxK I A‡hŠw³K| Avj­vni wcÖqMY ev gvne~eMY Zvi
PvKi| GKRb gvbyl eÜzi mv‡_ Ab¨ gvbyl eÜzi †h m¤úK© GLv‡b †miƒc m¤úK© bq| eis GKRb fvj PvK‡ii mv‡_ GKRb
gvwj‡Ki †h m¤úK© GLv‡b †miƒc m¤úK©| gvwjK PvKi‡K fvjevm‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ wb‡Ri m¤ú‡`i gvwjKvbv ev AwaKvi w`‡e
†Kb?
�ﺀﺍ�ﻭـ�ﺴ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﻨﺎ�ﻤ�ﻴَﺃ ﹾﺕﹶﻜﹶﻠ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻗ�ﺯﹺﺭ ﻱ�ﺩﺍ�ﺭﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻀﹸﻓ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﻕ�ﺯ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ َل�ﻀﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﺠ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺔ�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻨﹺﺒﹶﻓَﺃ
ÒAvj­vn wih‡Ki †‡Î †Zvgv‡`i KvD‡K Kv‡iv Dc‡i †kªôZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb| hv‡`i‡K †kªôZ¡ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zviv Zv‡`i
Aaxb¯’ `vm-`vmx‡`i‡K wb‡R‡`i wih&K eÈb K‡i †`q bv †h Zviv Zv‡Z mgvb n‡q hv‡e| Z‡e wK Zviv Avj­vni AbyMÖn
A¯^xKvi K‡i?Ó 772
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨﻭﹸﻓﺎـﹶﺨﹶﺘ �ﺀﺍ�ﻭـ�ﺴ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎﹶﻨﹾﻗ�ﺯ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺀﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﹸﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﻨﺎ�ﻤ�ﻴ َﺃ ﹾﺕﹶﻜﹶﻠ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ْل�ﻫ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻼﹶﺜ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﺏ�ﺭ�ﻀ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻘ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﹴﻡ�ﻭﹶﻘِﻟ �ﺕﺎ�ﻴَﻵﺍ ُل�ﺼﹶﻔﹸﻨ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻜ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺴﹸﻔﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺘﹶﻔﻴ�ﺨﹶﻜ
ÒAvj­vn †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ †Zvgv‡`i wb‡R‡`i ga¨ †_‡K GKwU `„óvš— cÖ`vb Ki‡Qb: †Zvgv‡`i Avwg †h wih&K w`‡qwQ
†Zvgv‡`i AwaKvify³ `vm-`vmx‡`i †KD wK Zv‡Z Askx`vi? d‡j †Zvgiv wK G e¨vcv‡i mgvb? †Zvgiv wK Zv‡`i‡K †miƒc
fq Ki †hiƒc †Zvgiv wb‡R‡`i‡K fq Ki? Gfv‡eB Avwg †evakw³m¤úbœ m¤cÖ`v‡qi wbKU wb`k©bvewj wee„Z Kwi|Ó 773
gvbyl wb‡RB hLb wb‡Ri †Kv‡bv µxZ`vm‡K wb‡Ri m¤úwËi ev gZvi kixK K‡i bv, ZLb †Kb Avj­vn me©kw³gvb
Zvi †Kv‡bv m„ó `vm‡K Zvi kixK evbv‡eb? hv‡`i‡K Avj­vni e`‡j WvKv nq Zv‡`i gZv I AwaKvi hw` Avj­vni
B”QvaxbB nq Z‡e Avi Avj­vn‡K ev` w`‡q Zv‡`i WvKvi `iKvi wK?
5. 3. 4. 3. gZv Avj­vni Kv‡RB A‡b¨i Bev`Z †Kb?
hw` hyw³i LvwZ‡i a‡i †bIqv n‡Zv †h, gnvb Avj­vn cÖwZcvjbK I m‡e©v”P gZvevb n‡jI Ab¨ Kv‡iv Kv‡iv Aí
mí wKQz gZv Av‡Q ZeyI hyw³i `vwe nZ †h, Zv‡`i‡K ev` w`‡q GKgvÎ Avj­vn‡KB WvK‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ cÖK…Z Ae¯’v GB
†h, Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv †Kv‡bviƒc A‡jŠwKK gZv †bB| Avi hv‡`i †Kv‡bv gZv †bB Zv‡`i Bev`Z Kiv ev Zv‡`i
Kv‡Q fq-fw³ wgwkªZ P~ovš— AmnvqZ¡ I webq cÖKvk Kivi †P‡q cvMjvwg Avi wKQzB n‡Z cv‡i bv| G welqK A‡bK AvqvZ
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© D‡j­L K‡iwQ| GK Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡﻴ�ﻜ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺯﻴﹺﺯ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻟ َل�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻤ ﻼﹶﻓ �ﻙ�ﺴ�ﻤ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻙ�ﺴ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﻼﹶﻓ �ﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻠِﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﺢﹶﺘﹾﻔ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ
ÒAvj­vn gvby‡li cÖwZ †Kv‡bv AbyMÖn AevwiZ Ki‡j †KD Zv wbeviY Ki‡Z cv‡i bv Ges wZwb wKQz wbi“× Ki‡Z
PvB‡j Zv Db¥y³ Kivi gZI †KD †bB| wZwb civµgkvjx, cÖÁvgq|Ó 774
5. 3. 4. 4. Avj­vn †Kv‡bv ev›`v‡K gZv w`‡q‡Qb Zvi cÖgvY wK?
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, KvwdiMY mewKQz ¯^xKvi Kivi c‡iI `vwe KiZ †h, gnvb Avj­vn G‡`i‡K wKQz gZv w`‡q‡Qb| G‡`i
Bev`‡Z Lywk n‡q wZwb G‡`i‡K wKQz gZv-AwaKvi w`‡q‡Qb, †hgb ivRv-gnvivRv Zvi wcÖq Lv‡`g ev `vm‡K A‡bK mgq Lywk
197

n‡q AvÂwjK kvmK evwb‡q †`b ev wKQz gZv w`‡q †`b| KziAvb Kvix‡gi wewfbœfv‡e Kvwdi‡`i G `vwei AmviZv cÖgvY Kiv
n‡q‡Q|
†Kv_vI Zv‡`i Kv‡Q `wjj PvIqv n‡q‡Q, †Zvgiv Inxi AvqvZ †_‡K cÖgvY †`LvI, K‡e, †Kv_vq †Kvb& wdwikZv,
bex, Ijx ev e¨w³‡K Avj­vn †Kv‡bv gZv w`‡q‡Qb? G welqK wKQz AvqvZ Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| G A‡_©i GK
Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ ِل�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹴﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﻨﻭﹸﺘْﺌﺍ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻙ�ﺭ�ﺸ �ﻡ�ﻬ ﹶﻟ �ﻡَﺃ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﹶﻠﹶﺨ ﺍﹶﺫﺎ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻨﻭ�ﺭَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﻴَﺃ�ﺭَﺃ ْلﹸﻗ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻗ�ﺩﺎ�ﺼ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ ﹴﻡﹾﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺓ�ﺭﺎﹶﺜَﺃ �ﻭَﺃ
ej, Ô‡Zvgiv Avj­vni cwie‡Z© hv‡`i‡K WvK Zv‡`i K_v †f‡e †`‡LQ wK? Zviv c„w_ex‡Z Kx m„wó K‡i‡Q Avgv‡K
†`LvI, A_ev AvKvkgÊjx‡Z Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv Askx`vwiZ¡ Av‡Q wK? c~e©eZ©x †Kv‡bv wKZve A_ev ci¤úiMZ †Kv‡bv Ávb
_vK‡j Zv †Zvgiv Avgvi wbKU Dcw¯’Z Ki, hw` †Zvgiv mZ¨ev`x nI|Ó 775
¯^fveZB Zviv Giƒc †Kv‡bv `wjj Dc¯’vc‡bi Ag wQj| G‡‡Î Zviv AgyK e‡j‡Qb, mgv‡Ri mK‡jB e‡j,
mK‡jB K‡i, wcZvwcZvgnMY K‡i‡Qb BZ¨vw`‡K `wjj wn‡m‡e †ck KiZ| GgbwK L„÷vbMYI KL‡bv Zv‡`i cÖPwjZ
evB‡ej †_‡K GKwU ب_©nxb `wjjI †ck Ki‡Z cv‡i wb, hv‡Z Cmv gmxn (Av) e‡j‡Qb †h, †Zvgiv Avgvi Bev`Z Ki‡e,
ev Avj­vn‡K †c‡Z n‡j Avgvi Bev`Z Ki‡Z n‡e, A_ev Avgvi ga¨Kvi †h cyÎmËv Av‡Q †Zvgiv Zvi Bev`Z Ki‡e| wZwb
me©`v GKgvÎ Avj­vni Bev`‡Zi K_v e‡j‡Qb|
5. 3. 4. 5. Avj­vn KvD‡K †Kv‡bviƒc gZv cÖ`vb K‡ib wb
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn my¯úó I ب_©nxbfv‡e †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb †h, wZwb KL‡bvB KvD‡K Giƒcfv‡e gZv †`b wb| gnvb
Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺭﻴﹺﺒﹾﻜﹶﺘ �ﻩ�ﺭ�ﺒﹶﻜ�ﻭ ﱢلﱡﺫﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻲِﻟ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥﹸﻜ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻙﹾﻠ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻙﻴﹺﺭﹶﺸ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥﹸﻜ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺩﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﹾﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ِلﹸﻗ�ﻭ
Òej, ÔcÖksmv Avj­vniB whwb †Kv‡bv mš—vb MÖnY K‡ib wb, Zuviv gZvq-ivR‡Z¡ †Kv‡bv kixK †bB Ges whwb `y`©kvMÖ¯—
nb bv †h- Kvi‡Y Zuvi Awffve‡Ki ev mvnvh¨Kvixi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| myZivs mm¤£‡g Zuvi gvnvZ¥¨ †NvlYv Ki|Ó 776
GK Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥـ�ﻤ
ﺎـ�ﻤﹺﻬﻴ�ﻓ �ﻡـ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺓ�ﺭﹶﺫ َلﺎﹶﻘﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜ�ﻠ�ﻤ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﻤ�ﻋ�ﺯ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﺍ ِلﹸﻗ
ﹴﺭﻴﹺﻬﹶﻅ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﺭ�ﺸ
Òej, Ô‡Zvgiv AvnŸvb Ki Zv‡`i‡K hv‡`i‡K †Zvgiv Avj­vni cwie‡Z© (Bjvn) g‡b Ki‡Z, Zviv AvKvk-gÊjx Ges
c„w_ex‡Z AYycwigvY wKQzi gvwjK bq Ges GZ`yf‡q Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv AskI †bB Ges Zv‡`i †KD gnvb Avj­vni mnvqKI
bq|Ó 777
G welqwU mKj gykwi‡Ki mKj Dcv‡m¨i wel‡qB cÖ‡hvR¨| gywZ©, cÖwZgv, ZviKv, wdwikZvMY, bexMY, IjxMY, wRbœMY
ev Ab¨ hv‡`iB Bev`Z KiZ gykwiKMY mK‡ji †‡ÎB DËi GKB| Zuviv †KDB Avmgv‡bi ev hwg‡bi GK AbycwigvY
gvwjKvbv iv‡Lb bv| Avmgvb-hwg‡bi †Kv_vI Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv Askx`vwiZ¡ †bB Ges gnvb Avj­vn Zv‡`i Kv‡iv mn‡hvwMZvi
cÖZ¨vkx bb, †KD Zv‡K †Kv‡bviƒ‡c mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZv K‡ib bv| Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
198
ﹴﺭﻴ�ﻤﹾﻁ�ﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜ�ﻠ�ﻤ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻙﹾﻠ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜِﻟﹶﺫ
ÒwZwbB Avj­vn †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK| ivRZ¡-gvwjKvbv ZuviB| Ges †Zvgiv Avj­vni cwie‡Z© hv‡`i‡K WvK Zviv †Zv
†LRy‡ii AvuwUi Avei‡YiI gvwjK bq|Ó 778
L„÷vbMY Cmv gvmxn (Av)-‡K gnvb Avj­vni hvZ ev mËvi Ask I ÔAeZviÕ (God incarnate) wn‡m‡e Bev`Z
K‡i| G Qvov Zviv gwiqg (Av)-‡K Ômvš—vÕ ev gnvb Avj­vni we‡kl Ki“YvcÖvß ÔIjxÕ wn‡m‡e Bev`Z K‡i| Zvi gywZ©‡Z ev
wdwjw¯—‡b we`¨gvb Zvi Ke‡i mvR`v K‡i, gvbZ K‡i, Zvi Avkxe©v` I ei cÖv_©bv K‡i| gnvb Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K wek¦
cwiPvjbvq wKQz gZv w`‡q‡Qb e‡j Zviv wek¦vm K‡i| gnvb Avj­vn Zv‡`i gvbeZ¡ I AgZv eY©bv K‡i e‡jb:
�ﻡـ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻴـ�ﺒﹸﻨ ﹶﻑ�ﻴﹶﻜ �ﺭﹸﻅﹾﻨﺍ �ﻡﺎ�ﻌﱠﻁﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻼﹸﻜْﺄ�ﻴ ﺎﹶﻨﺎﹶﻜ ﹲﺔﹶﻘﻴ�ﺩ�ﺼ �ﻪ�ﻤُﺃ�ﻭ ُل�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹾﺕﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﺩﹶﻗ ٌلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﻻِﺇ
�ﻡ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﺒﺍ �ﺢﻴ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ
�ﻡﻴ�ﻠ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ
�ﻊﻴ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻌﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﻀ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﻤ�ﻴ ﻻ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌﹶﺘَﺃ ْلﹸﻗ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹶﻓْﺅ�ﻴ ﻰﱠﻨَﺃ �ﺭﹸﻅﹾﻨﺍ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﺕﺎ�ﻴَﻵﺍ

Ògwiqg-Zbq gvmxn †Zv †Kej GKRb ivm~j; Zvi c~‡e© eû ivm~j MZ n‡q‡Q Ges Zvi gvZv mZ¨wbô wQj| Zviv Df‡q
Lv`¨vnvi KiZ| †`L, Zv‡`i Rb¨ AvqvZ wKiƒc wek`fv‡e eY©bv Kwi, Av‡iv †`L, Zviv wKfv‡e mZ¨ wegyL nq! ej, Ô‡Zvgiv wK
Avj­vn e¨ZxZ Ggb wKQzi Bev`Z Ki hvi †Kv‡bvB gZv †bB †Zvgv‡`i wZ Kivi ev DcKvi Kivi? Avj­vn me©‡kªvZv,
me©Á|Ó 779
5. 3. 4. 6. m„wói GKZ¡ Bev`‡Zi GKZ¡ cÖgvY K‡i
gZvi welqwU gykwiK‡`i g‡a¨ Ggbfv‡e Avmb †M‡owQj †h, mewKQzi c‡iI Zviv `vwe KiZ Avgv‡`i Dcvm¨‡`i
wKQz gZv Avj­vn w`‡q‡Qb| GRb¨ gnvb Avj­vn m„wói GK‡Z¡i welqwU D‡j­L K‡i evisevi e‡j‡Qb †h, hviv wKQz m„wó Ki‡Z
cv‡i bv Zv‡`i †Zv †Kv‡bv Bev`Z cvIqvi †hvM¨Zv _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv gZv _vKzK Avi bvB _vKzK me©ve¯’vq
†Kv‡bv fv‡eB Zviv gnvb Avj­vni mgK n‡Z cv‡i bv| Kv‡RB †Kb Avj­vn‡K ev` w`‡q Zv‡`i‡K WvK‡Z n‡e? KziAvb
Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b welqwU Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭﱠﻜﹶﺫﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓَﺃ ﹸﻕﹸﻠﹾﺨ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻜ ﹸﻕﹸﻠﹾﺨ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓَﺃ
ÒmyZivs whwb m„wó K‡ib, wZwb wK ZviB gZ †h m„wó K‡i bv? ZeyI wK †Zvgiv wkv MÖnY Ki‡e bv?Ó 780
wdwikZvMY, wRbœMY, bexMY, IjxMY, g~wZ-cÖwZgv, e„, Ro c`v_© BZ¨vw` hv wKQz gykwiKMY Dcvmbv KiZ mKj
Dcv‡m¨i †‡ÎB G K_v mgfv‡e cÖ‡hvR¨| Zviv mK‡jB ¯^xKvi KiZ †h, G mKj Dcv‡m¨i †KDB †Kv‡bv wKQzi mªóv bb|
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﺜ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﻴ �ﻥﺎ�ﻴَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻌﹾﺸ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴ�ﺤَﺃ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ ﹲﺕﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻥﻭﹸﻘﹶﻠﹾﺨ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻥﻭﹸﻘﹸﻠﹾﺨ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
ÒZviv Avj­vn e¨ZxZ Aci hv‡`i‡K Wv‡K Zviv wKQzB m„wó K‡i bv, Zv‡`i‡KB m„wó Kiv nq| Zviv g„Z Rxeb-wenxb
Ges cybi“Ìvb KLb n‡e †m wel‡q Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv †PZbv †bB|Ó 781
cÖ_g hyw³wU gykwiK‡`i mKj Dcv‡m¨i wel‡qB cÖ‡hvR¨| wØZxq AvqvZwU wdwikZ, Cmv (Av), wRbœMY ev Abyiƒc
RxweZ Dcvm¨ Qvov gykwiK‡`i AwaKvsk Dcv‡m¨i †‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨|
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﺠﹶﺸ ﺍﻭﹸﺘﹺﺒﹾﻨﹸﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺔ�ﺠ�ﻬ�ﺒ ﹶﺕﺍﹶﺫ ﹶﻕِﺌﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﺘ�ﺒﹾﻨَﺄﹶﻓ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ
ﹶﻕﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡَﺃ
�ﻥﻭﹸﻟ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻭﹶﻗ �ﻡ�ﻫ ْل�ﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻊ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻠِﺌَﺃ
Òeis wZwb, whwb m„wó K‡i‡Qb AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_ex Ges AvKvk n‡Z †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ el©Y K‡ib e„wó; AZtci Avwg
ZØviv g‡bvig D`¨vb m„wó Kwi, Zvi e„vw` D`&MZ Kivi gZv †Zvgv‡`i †bB| Avj­vni mv‡_ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Bjvn Av‡Q wK?
ZeyI Zviv Ggb GK m¤cÖ`vq hviv mZ¨ wePz¨Z nq|Ó 782
G welqwUI gykwiK‡`i RxweZ, g„Z I Ro mKj Dcv‡m¨i †‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨| Gfv‡e KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi m„wói
GKZ¡ D‡j­L K‡i wki‡Ki A‡hŠw³KZv cÖgvY Kiv n‡q‡Q|
5. 3. 4. 7. G mKj Dcvm¨ DcvmK‡`i Wv‡K mvov †`q bv
KziAvb Kvix‡g wewfbœ ¯’v‡b G mKj Dcv‡m¨i AmnvqZ¡ ¯úófv‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹴﺭﻴﹺﺒﹶﺨ ُلﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﻙُﺌ�ﺒﹶﻨ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻜ�ﺭ�ﺸﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹸﻔﹾﻜ�ﻴ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﺒﺎ�ﺠﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺍﻭ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺴ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺀﺎ�ﻋ�ﺩ ﺍﻭ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻡ�ﻫﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ �ﻥِﺇ
Ò†Zvgiv Zv‡`i WvK‡j Zviv †Zvgv‡`i WvK ï‡b bv Ges ïb‡jI †Zvgv‡`i Wv‡K mvov †`q bv| †Zvgiv Zv‡`i‡K †h
kixK K‡iQ wKqvg‡Zi w`b Zviv Zv A¯^xKvi Ki‡e| me©‡Ái b¨vq †KDB †Zvgv‡K AewnZ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|Ó 783
gykwiKMY hv‡`i Wv‡K Zv‡`i mvov †`Iqvi AgZv eY©bv K‡i Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪ�ﻐِﻟﺎ�ﺒﹺﺒ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻩﺎﹶﻓ ﹶﻎﹸﻠ�ﺒ�ﻴِﻟ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻪ�ﻴﱠﻔﹶﻜ �ﻁ�ﺴﺎ�ﺒﹶﻜ ﻻِﺇ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻥﻭ�ﺒﻴﹺﺠﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﺓ�ﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩ �ﻪﹶﻟ
ٍلﻼ�ﻀ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎ�ﻋ�ﺩ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
Òm‡Z¨i AvnŸvb ZuviB (Avj­vniB)| hviv Zv‡K e¨ZxZ AvnŸvb K‡i Aci‡K, Zv‡`i‡K †Kv‡bv mvovB †`q bv Zviv|
Zv‡`i `„óvš— †m e¨w³i gZ, †h Zvi gy‡L cvwb †cuŠQv‡e-GB Avkvq Zvi n¯—Øq cÖmvwiZ K‡i cvwbi w`‡K, Avi Gfv‡e
KL‡bvB cvwb Zvi gy‡L †cuŠQv‡e bv| Kvwdi‡`i `yÔAv- AvnŸvb wbõj|Ó 784
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
199

�ﺭـ�ﺸ�ﺤ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻓﺎـﹶﻏ �ﻡﹺﻬِﺌﺎ�ﻋ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ
200
ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﺏﻴﹺﺠﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﱡل�ﻀَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺘ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻌﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﺀﺍ�ﺩ�ﻋَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ
Ò†m e¨w³ A‡cv AwaK weåvš— †K †h Avj­vni cwie‡Z© Ggb KvD‡K Wv‡K †h wKqvgZ ch©š—I Zvi Wv‡K mvov w`‡e bv?
Ges Zviv Zvi cÖv_©bv m¤^‡Ü AewnZI bq| hLb wKqvg‡Zi w`b gvbyl‡K GKÎ Kiv n‡e ZLb Zviv n‡e Zv‡`i kΓ Ges Zviv
Zv‡`i Bev`Z A¯^xKvi Ki‡e|Ó 785
G welqwUI gykwiK‡`i mKj Dcv‡m¨i wel‡qB cÖ‡hvR¨| gywZ©, cÖwZgv, wdwikZv, wRbœ, bex, Ijx I Ab¨vb¨ mKj gve~‡`i
†‡ÎB welqwU mZ¨| hviv Avj­vn‡K †Q‡o wec‡` Avc‡` Cmv gvmxn, Beivnxg, BmgvCj, DhvBi, wReivCj, AvhivCj
(AvjvBwngym mvjvg) ev †Kv‡bv mwZ¨Kvi Ijx ev gbMov Avj­vni cyÎKb¨v ev cÖwZgv jvZ, gvbvZ ev Ab¨ KvD‡K WvK‡Q Zv‡`i
mK‡ji †‡ÎB G K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| G K_v g‡b Kivi my‡hvM †bB †h, wReivCj, Bmivdxj, Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wdwikZv, bexMY ev
IjxMY‡K WvK‡j nqZ ïb‡Z cvb| KvD‡KB Avj­vn †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK ev MvBex kªe‡Yi gZv †`b wb| meB gykwiK‡`i Kíbv
gvÎ| me‡P‡q eo K_v †h, Giv †KDB Zv‡`i Abymvix ev f³ bvgavix‡`i fw³ ev Bev`‡Z Lywk bb Ges G‡`i Rb¨ †Kv‡bv
mycvwik Zuviv Ki‡eb bv|
5. 3. 4. 8. gvwjK‡K †i‡L PvKi‡K gve~` evbv‡bv P~ovš— †evKvwg
mKj gykwiKB ¯^xKvi Ki‡Q †h, gnvb Avj­vnB GKgvÎ gvwjK, ivRv Ges me©kw³gvb cÖwZcvjK| cvkvcvwk Zuviv
GKev‡K¨ ¯^xKvi Ki‡Q †h, Zvi mv‡_ hv‡`i‡K Zviv Bev`Z Ki‡Q Zviv mK‡jB gnvb Avj­niB m„wó Ges ZuviB ev›`v| G
K_v ¯^xKvi Kivi c‡i gnvb gvwjK‡K †Q‡o PvKievKi‡`i Bev`Z Kiv ev Zv‡`i wbKU wb‡Ri P~ovš— AmnvqZ¡ I fw³
cÖKvk Kivi gZ †evKvwg Avi wK n‡Z cv‡i| G wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﻻ�ﺯﹸﻨ �ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻠِﻟ �ﻡﱠﻨ�ﻬ�ﺠ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺩﹶﺘ�ﻋَﺃ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺃ ﻲ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻱ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﹸﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﻜ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺴ�ﺤﹶﻓَﺃ
Òhviv Kzdix K‡i‡Q Zviv wK g‡b K‡i †h, Zviv Avgvi cwie‡Z© Avgvi `vm‡`i‡K Ijx-AwffveK wn‡m‡e MÖnY
Ki‡e? Avwg Kvwdi‡`i Avc¨vq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z †i‡LwQ Rvnvbœvg|Ó 786
5. 3. 4. 9. gnvb Avj­vn‡K m„wói mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv hvq bv
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, wki‡Ki g~j n‡jv gnvb Avj­vni wel‡q Kz-aviYv ev ÒAe-fw³Õ Ges ev›`vi wel‡q ÔAwZ-aviYvÕ ev
ÔAwZfw³Õ| Avi Gi Ab¨Zg KviY gnvb Avj­vn‡K gvby‡li mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv| gykwiK‡`i hyw³B wQj c„w_exi ivRvev`kvnM‡Yi
wbKU Av‡e`b Ki‡Z †hgb gš¿x, Lv‡`g, `v‡ivqvb, mvgš—ivRv ev Abyiƒc e¨w³e‡M©i mycvwik ev ga¨¯’Zvi
cÖ‡qvRb nq, Avj­vni †‡ÎI Abyiƒc ga¨¯’Zvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv †Kb| `ywbqvi mvaviY GKRb ivRv GZ AvgZ¨-cwil`
iv‡Lb Avi mKj ivRvi gnvivRv gnvb Avj­vn Zv ivL‡eb bv †Kb? BZ¨vw`|
KziAv‡b Giƒc Zzjbv Ki‡Z evisevi wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn‡K gvby‡li mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv hvq bv| GKRb
gvbyl gnvivRv Zvi †mbvcwZ, Lv‡`g, mvgš— kvmK ev Kg©KZ©v‡`i mn‡hvwMZvi gyLv‡cx, wZwb wb‡R mewKQz †`L‡Z, ïb‡Z
ev Rvb‡Z cv‡ib bv| wZwb A‡bK mgq wb‡Ri B”Qv bv _vK‡jI Zv‡`i mycvwik MÖnY K‡ib, A_ev g~j wel‡q wZwb wKQzB
Rv‡bb bv, ZvB mswk­ó Awdmv‡ii mycvwi‡ki wfwˇZB Zv‡K wm×vš— wb‡Z nq, me wKQz wb‡R Rvbv I wePvi Kiv †Zv Zvi
c‡ m¤¢e bq| wKš‘ gnvb Avj­vn‡K Giƒc gvbyl gnvivRvi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kivi A_© Zvi i“e~weq¨v‡Zi mv‡_ Kzdix Kiv I Zuvi
wel‡q ÔKz-aviYvÕ †cvlY Kiv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﻻ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ َلﺎﹶﺜ�ﻤَﻷﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﺒﹺﺭ�ﻀﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓ
ÒmyZivs Avj­vni Rb¨ †Kv‡bv Zzjbv-D`vniY ¯’vcb K‡iv bv| Avj­vn Rv‡bb Ges †Zvgiv Rvb bv|Ó 787
5. 3. 4. 10. Avj­vni gvne~e ev›`viv gykwiK‡`i Dci Amš‘ó
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, kqZv‡bi cÖ‡ivPbv, cÖeÂbv Ges wewfbœ wg_¨v AccÖPv‡ii Kvi‡Y gykwiKMY wek¦vm KiZ †h,
wdwikZvMY I Avj­vni Ab¨vb¨ wcÖq ev›`v Zv‡`i Bev`Z †c‡q Lywk nb Ges Zv‡`i Rb¨ Avj­vni Kv‡Q mycvwik K‡ib| ¯^cœ,
Kvkd BZ¨vw`i gva¨‡g kqZvb wdwikZvM‡Yi KwíZ iƒ‡c ev Ab¨vb¨ bex, Ijx ev KwíZ gvÕey`‡`i †ek a‡i Zv‡`i‡K Giƒc
aviYv cÖ`vb KiZ, †hgb fviZxq wn›`y c~Rvix‡`i mvg‡b ¯^‡cœ ev RvMi‡Y Kvjx, M‡bk, gnvgvqv BZ¨vw` iƒ‡c ÔcÖKvwkZÕ n‡q
Zv‡`i wki&K‡K mwVK e‡j aviYv †`q| gymwjg mgv‡R hviv wki‡K wjß Zv‡`i‡KI Gfv‡e ¯^cœ, Kvkd BZ¨vw`i gva¨‡g kqZvb
cÖZvwiZ K‡i|
GRb¨ KziAvb Kvix‡gi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, Avj­vni cÖK…Z wcÖq ev›`vMY wKqvg‡Zi w`b GmKj
gykwi‡Ki cÖwZ Zv‡`i cÖK…Z weivM cÖKvk Ki‡eb| wewfbœfv‡e G welqwU evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| G wel‡q K‡qKwU AvqvZ

B‡Zvc~‡e© Avgvi †`‡LwQ| gykwiKMY wdwikZv, bex, Ijx ev KwíZ ÔAvj­vni wcÖqÕ e‡j hv‡`i‡K Wv‡K Zviv wKqvg‡Zi w`b G
mKj gykwi‡Ki mv‡_ kΓZv Ki‡eb Ges gykwiKMY g~jZ kqZvb‡`i Bev`Z KiZ e‡j †NvlYv Ki‡eb e‡j Avgiv †`‡LwQ|
cieZ©x Aby‡”Q‡` G welqK Av‡iv wKQz AvqvZ Avgiv †`Le|
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h, †Kv‡bv bex-ivm~j KL‡bvB Avj­vn Qvov Avi Kv‡iv Bev`Z Kivi K_v ej‡Z cv‡ib
bv| Avj­vn Qvov †Kv‡bv wdwikZv ev †Kv‡bv bex‡K Bjvn †Zv `~‡ii K_v ÔiveŸÕ ev cÖwZcvjK wn‡m‡e MÖn‡Yi K_vI wZwb ej‡Z
cv‡ib bv| Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, gnvb Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K Bjvn wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv hvq bv, Z‡e Av‡cwK jvjbcvjb
Ges ZË¡veav‡bi A‡_© ÔiveŸÕ ejv hvq| †Kv‡bv bex-ivm~j ev †Kv‡bv mwZ¨Kvi avwg©K gvbyl †Kv‡bv wdwikZv ev bex‡K
Bev`Z Kiv †Zv `~‡ii K_v Zv‡`i ZË¡veav‡bi ev wek¦-cwiPvjbvi †Kv‡bviƒc gZv Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡ZI Zviv ej‡Z
cv‡ib bv| G wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺍﻭـﹸﻨﻭﹸﻜ �ﻥـ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻲِﻟ ﺍ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﻭﹸﻜ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻠِﻟ َلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﹶﺓ�ﻭ�ﺒﱡﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡﹾﻜ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻴ�ﺘْﺅ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﹴﺭﹶﺸ�ﺒِﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ
�ﺩـ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﹺﺭﹾﻔﹸﻜﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺭ�ﻤْﺄ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﺒﺎ�ﺒ�ﺭَﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﻴﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹶﺔﹶﻜِﺌ ﻼ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ
ﺍﻭﹸﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺭ�ﻤْﺄ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻥﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﺩﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ�ﻭ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﱢﻠ�ﻌﹸﺘ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻥﻴ�ﻴ�ﻨﺎ�ﺒ�ﺭ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻤ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃ ﹾﺫِﺇ
Ò‡Kv‡bv e¨w³‡K Avj­vn wKZve, wnKgvZ I byeyIqvZ cÖ`vb Kivi ci Zvi Rb¨ †kvfb bq †h, †m ej‡e, †Zvgiv Avj­vni
cwie‡Z© Avgvi ev›`v n‡q hvIÕ,eis †m ej‡e, Ô‡Zvgiv Avj­vnIqvjv-iveŸvbx n‡q hvI, †h‡nZz †Zvgiv wKZve wkv `vb Ki Ges
†h‡nZz †Zvgiv Aa¨qb Ki| Avi †m †Zvgv‡`i wb‡`©k w`‡e bv †h, †Zvgiv wdwikZvMY Ges bexMY‡K Avj­vni cwie‡Z© iveŸ
wn‡m‡e MÖnY Ki| †Zvgv‡`i gymwjg nIqvi c‡i wK †m †Zvgv‡`i‡K Kzdixi wb‡`©k w`‡e?Ó 788
Ab¨vb¨ ¯’v‡b D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, Avj­vni wcÖq †Kv‡bv ev›`vI hw` †Kv‡bvfv‡e wb‡R‡K Bjvn e‡j `vwe K‡i ev
†Kv‡bv gvby‡li Bev`Z ev P~ovš— fw³ MÖn‡Y AvMÖnx nq Z‡e Avj­vn Zv‡K K‡Vvi kvw¯— cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡﹺﻬﻴ�ﺩ ـ�ﻴَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻩﹺﺭ�ﻤَﺄﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ ِل�ﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻪﹶﻨﻭﹸﻘﹺﺒ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤ�ﺭﹾﻜ�ﻤ �ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ ْل�ﺒ �ﻪﹶﻨﺎ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴ ﺍ�ﺩﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﹶﺫﹶﺨﱠﺘﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ
�ﻡﱠﻨ�ﻬ�ﺠ �ﻪﻴﹺﺯ�ﺠﹶﻨ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ْلﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ . �ﻥﻭﹸﻘ�ﻔﹾﺸ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻴﹾﺸﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﻰ�ﻀﹶﺘ�ﺭﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻤِﻟ ﻻِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﻌﹶﻔﹾﺸ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻔﹾﻠﹶﺨ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻟﺍ ﻱﹺﺯ�ﺠﹶﻨ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻜ
ÒZviv e‡j, Ô`qvgq mš—vb MÖnY K‡i‡Qb|Õ wZwb cweÎ, gnvb! Zviv †Zv Zuvi m¤§vwbZ ev›`v| Zviv Av‡M †e‡o K_v e‡j
bv; Zviv †Zv Zuvi Av‡`k Abymv‡iB KvR K‡i _v‡K| Zv‡`i m¤§y‡L I cðv‡Z hv wKQz Av‡Q Zv wZwb AeMZ| wZwb hv‡`i cÖwZ
mš‘ó Zv‡`i Qvov Avi Kv‡iv Rb¨ Zviv mycvwik K‡i bv Ges Zviv Zuvi f‡q fxZ-mš¿¯—| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †h ej‡e ÔAvwgB Bjvn
Avj­vn e¨ZxZÕ, Zv‡K Avwg cÖwZdj w`e Rvnvbœvg; Gfv‡eB Avwg Rvwjg‡`i‡K kvw¯— w`‡q _vwK|Ó 789
5. 3. 4. 11. gykwiKMY †bKKviM‡Yi kvdvÔAvZ cv‡e bv
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, wdwikZvMY, bexMY Ges Avj­vni cÖK…Z ev KwíZ wcÖq ev›`vM‡Yi kvdvÔAvZ jvf Ges Zv‡`i
gva¨‡g Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ jv‡fi B”QvB wki‡Ki Ab¨Zg KviY| KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, †h
kvdvÔAv‡Zi Avkvq Zvi wkiK KiZ Zv †h Zviv cv‡e bv| evisevi wKqvg‡Zi w`e‡m gykwiK‡`i Pig Amnvq I evÜenxb
Ae¯’vi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q|
Avgiv Rvwb †h, hxïL„‡÷i ev Cmv gvmx‡ni (Av) cÖwZ fw³i m‡e©v”P cÖgvY w`‡Z Zuvi bv‡g wb‡R‡`i bvgKiY K‡i‡Q
L„÷vbMY ev gvmxnxMY| Cmv (Av)-Gi fw³i bv‡g Zv‡K Avj­vni kixK evwb‡q‡Q Zuviv| Zv‡`i GKwUB `vwe †h, Cmv (Av)
Zv‡`i AvwLiv‡Zi KvÊvix, gyw³`vZv ev ÎvYKZ©v (savior)| Abyiƒcfv‡e Avi‡ei gykwiKMY wdwikZvMY‡K, wRbœMY‡K,
†Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv bex‡K Ges gbMov A‡bK Avj­vni wcÖq ev›`v ev mš—vb‡K Bev`Z K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`iI wek¦vm †h, Giv Zv‡`i
Rb¨ Avj­vni Kv‡Q kvdvÔAvZ Ki‡eb| wKš‘ cÖK…Z mZ¨ †h, Giv †KDB G‡`i Rb¨ kvdvÔAvZ Ki‡eb bv| Gi A_© G bq †h,
bexMY, wdwikZvMY ev Ab¨vb¨ †bK ev›`v kvdvÔAvZ Ki‡eb bv| Zuviv kvdvÔAvZ Ki‡eb ïay Zv‡`i Rb¨ hviv wkiK †_‡K
gy³ wQj, hv‡`i b~¨bZg ZvInx‡` gnvb Avj­vn Lywk wQ‡jb Ges hv‡`i wel‡q kvdvÔAvZ Ki‡Z gnvb Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K
AbygwZ w`‡eb|
G welqK wKQz AvqvZ Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ| G A‡_© Ab¨ GK Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡jb:
201
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜ �ﻡﹺﻬِﺌﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﹸﺸﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎ�ﻌﹶﻔﹸﺸ �ﻡﹺﻬِﺌﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﹸﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻥﹸﻜ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹺﺭ�ﺠ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺱ�ﻠ�ﺒ�ﻴ ﹸﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻡﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ�ﻭ
Ò†hw`b wKqvgZ n‡e †m w`b AcivwaMY nZvk n‡q co‡e| Zv‡`i kixKM‡Yi (Dcvm¨M‡Yi) ga¨ †_‡K †KD Zv‡`i Rb¨
mycvwik Ki‡e bv Ges Zviv Zv‡`i kixKMY‡K A¯^xKvi Ki‡e|Ó 790

Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
202
�ﻡـﹸﻜﱠﻨِﺇ َل�ﻭـﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ﺍ�ﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻙ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﻨ ﺎﱠﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨُﺅﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﹸﺸ �ﺀﻻُﺅ�ﻫ
ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺀﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﹸﺸ ﺍﻭﹸﻜ�ﺭﹾﺸَﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﻯَﺃ�ﺭ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﻔ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﱠل�ﻀ�ﻭ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﺫِﺌ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﺍ�ﻭﹶﻘﹾﻟَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻥﻭ�ﺒ�ﺫﺎﹶﻜﹶﻟ
ÒgykwiKiv hv‡`i‡K Avj­vni kixK evwb‡qwQj Zv‡`i‡K hLb Zviv †`L‡e ZLb Zviv ej‡e, †n Avgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK, GivB
†Zv Zviv hv‡`i‡K Avgiv †Zvgvi kixK evwb‡qwQjvg, hv‡`i‡K Avgiv WvKZvg †Zvgvi cwie‡Z©| AZtci Z`yˇi Zviv (kixKMY
ev Dcvm¨MY) ej‡e: †Zvgiv Aek¨B wg_¨vev`x| †m w`b Zviv Avj­vni wbKU AvZ¥mgc©b Ki‡e Ges †h wg_¨v Zviv D¢veb
K‡iwQj Zv Zv‡`i Rb¨ wbõj n‡e|Ó 791
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺩﹶﺘ�ﻬ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨَﺃ �ﻭﹶﻟ �ﺏﺍﹶﺫ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ ﺍ�ﻭَﺃ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﺒﻴﹺﺠﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻠﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺀﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﹸﺸ ﺍﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﺍ َلﻴ�ﻗ�ﻭ
ÒZv‡`i‡K ejv n‡e, Ô†Zvgv‡`i kixK‡`i‡K WvKÕ, ZLb Zviv Zv‡`i‡K WvK‡e, wKš‘ Zviv Zv‡`i Wv‡K mvov w`‡e
bv| Zviv kvw¯— cÖZ¨ Ki‡e| nvq! Zviv hw` mrc_ AbymiY KiZ!Ó 792
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﺎﹰﻘﹺﺒ�ﻭ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﺒﻴﹺﺠﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻠﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﻤ�ﻋ�ﺯ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻲِﺌﺎﹶﻜ�ﺭﹸﺸ ﺍﻭ�ﺩﺎﹶﻨ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ�ﻭ
Ò‡h w`b wZwb ej‡eb, †Zvgiv hv‡`i‡K Avgvi kixK g‡b Ki‡Z Zv‡`i‡K WvK| Zviv ZLb Zv‡`i‡K WvK‡e, wKš‘ Zviv
Zv‡`i Wv‡K mvov w`‡e bv Ges Zv‡`i Df‡qi ga¨¯’‡j †i‡L w`e GK aŸsm-MnŸi|Ó 793
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻙﹶﻨﺎ�ﺤ�ﺒ�ﺴ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ َلﻴﹺﺒ�ﺴﻟﺍ
ﺍﻭﱡﻠ�ﻀ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻡَﺃ �ﺀﻻُﺅ�ﻫ ﻱ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻠﹶﻠ�ﻀَﺃ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨَﺃَﺃ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭﹸﺸ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ�ﻭ
ﺍ�ﺭﻭ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭﹶﻗ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﺭﹾﻜﱢﺫﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺴﹶﻨ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺀﺎ�ﺒَﺁ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﺘ�ﻌﱠﺘ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹶﺫ�ﺨﱠﺘﹶﻨ �ﻥَﺃ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻟ ﻲ�ﻐ�ﺒﹾﻨ�ﻴ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ
ÒGes †hw`b wZwb GKÎ Ki‡eb Zv‡`i‡K Ges Zviv Avj­vni cwie‡Z© hv‡`i Bev`Z KiZ Zv‡`i‡K, Ges wZwb Zv‡`i G
mKj Dcvm¨‡K ej‡eb: †ZvgivB wK Avgvi G ev›`v‡`i‡K weåvš— K‡iwQ‡j bv Zviv wb‡RivB c_åó n‡qwQj? Zviv ej‡e, ÔcweÎ
I gnvb Zzwg! †Zvgvi cwie‡Z© Avgiv Ab¨‡K AwffveKiƒ‡c MÖnY Ki‡Z cvwi bv| ZzwgB †Zv G‡`i‡K Ges G‡`i
wcZ…cyi“l‡`i‡K †fvM-m¤¢vi w`‡qwQ‡j, cwiYv‡g Zviv Inx we¯§„Z n‡qwQj Ges cwiYZ n‡qwQj GK aŸsmcÖvß RvwZ‡Z|Ó 794
KziAvb Kvix‡g Av‡iv A‡bK ¯’v‡b G welqwU D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| 795
5. 3. 4. 12. AÜ Av‡e‡M we‡e‡Ki `vwe A¯^xKv‡ii cwiYwZ
m¤§vwbZ cvVK m¤¢eZ Abyfe Ki‡Qb †h, G mKj K_vi c‡i †Zv Avi Kv‡iv g‡a¨B wkiK _vKvi K_v bq| wKš‘
cÖK…Zc‡ hyw³ ev we‡eK bq, AÜ Av‡eM I †gvn †n`vqv‡Zi c‡_ eo evav| mKj hyw³ GLv‡b †kl n‡q hvq| Av‡Mi K_v¸wjB
Ny‡i wd‡i P‡j Av‡m| Giv Avj­vni wcÖqcvÎ Kv‡RB G‡`i Bev`‡Zi gva¨‡gB gnvb Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ †c‡Z n‡e| G‡`i mycvwik
Avj­vn †d‡jb bv, Kv‡RB G‡`i‡K WvK‡Z n‡e| Avj­vn me©kw³gvb, Zvi B”Qvi evB‡i Giv †KD wKQz Ki‡Z cv‡i bv BZ¨vw`
meB wVK| wZwb KvD‡K gZv w`‡q‡Qb e‡j my¯úó e‡jb wb ZvI wVK| Ab¨ KvD‡K wZwb WvK‡Z e‡jb wb GK_vI wVK|
GKgvÎ Zv‡KB WvK‡Z e‡j‡Qb G K_vI wVK| ZeyI Giv Avj­vni wcÖqcvÎ| G‡`i‡K Avj­vn fvj‡e‡m wKQz gZv w`‡q‡Qb|
wZwb Inxi gva¨‡g mivmwi Rvbvb wb| Z‡e hyw³‡Z †Zv eySv hvq| hyMhyM a‡i mK‡jB ej‡Q| bex-ivm~jMY †_‡K wcZvwcZvg‡ni
gva¨‡g cÖvß G wbqg fyj n‡Z cv‡i bv| ... Gfv‡eB mKj hyw³ I we‡e‡Ki evYx‡K Zviv A¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q| mKj hyw³
AÜ Av‡eM Ges `xN©w`‡bi K‡g©i I wek¦v‡mi cÖwZ AÜ fvjevmvi Kv‡Q †n‡i wM‡q‡Q| gykwiK‡`i Giƒc AÜ Av‡eM I A‡hŠw³K
we‡eKwe‡ivax AvPi‡Y Kó †c‡Zb ivm~jyj­vn �| G wel‡q gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺕﺍ�ﺭـ�ﺴ�ﺤ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻙ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨ �ﺏ�ﻫﹾﺫﹶﺘ ﻼﹶﻓ
�ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻬ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﱡل�ﻀ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ ﺎﹰﻨ�ﺴ�ﺤ �ﻩَﺁ�ﺭﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﺀﻭ�ﺴ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺯ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓَﺃ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻌﹶﻨ�ﺼ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻡﻴ�ﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
Òhvi AcKg©‡K Zvi Rb¨ †mŠ›`h©gq K‡i †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q d‡j †m Zv fvj e‡j g‡b K‡i‡Q, Avi Avj­vn hv‡K B”Qv
weåvš— K‡ib Ges hv‡K B”Qv mrc‡_ cwiPvwjZ K‡ib| AZGe Zv‡`i Rb¨ Av‡c K‡i †Zvgvi cÖvY †hb aŸsm bv nq|
Zviv hv K‡i Avj­vn Zv Rv‡bb|Ó 796

Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺀﺍ�ﻭ�ﻫَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﻌ�ﺒﱠﺘﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﺀﻭ�ﺴ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺯ
�ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻜ �ﻪ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺔﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓَﺃ
Ò†h e¨w³ Zvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki †cÖwiZ my¯úó cÖgv‡Yi Dci cÖwZwôZ †m wK Zvi b¨vq hvi wbKU wb‡Ri AcKg©¸wj
†kvfb cÖZxqgvb nq Ges hviv wbR †Lqvj-Lywki AbymiY K‡i?Ó 797
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎ�ﻌﹾﻨ�ﺼ �ﻥﻭﹸﻨ�ﺴ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻴﹾﻨ�ﺩﻟﺍ �ﺓﺎ�ﻴ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻴ�ﻌ�ﺴ ﱠل�ﻀ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﻻﺎ�ﻤ�ﻋَﺃ �ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﺴﹾﺨ َﻷﺎﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜُﺌ�ﺒﹶﻨﹸﻨ ْل�ﻫ ْلﹸﻗ
Òej, ÔAvwg wK †Zvgv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i msev` w`e hviv K‡g© me‡P‡q †ewk wZMÖ¯—? Zviv †Zv †m mKj gvbyl, `ywbqvi Rxe‡b
hv‡`i Kg© weåvš— n‡q‡Q wKš‘ Zviv g‡b K‡i †h, Zviv mrKg© Ki‡Q|Ó 798
5. 3. 5. wki‡Ki fqven cwiYwZ e¨vL¨v Kiv
wkiK-Kzd‡ii g~‡jvrcvU‡bi Rb¨ KziAvb I mybœv‡n we‡klfv‡e evisevi Gi fqven cwiYwZi K_v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q|
KziAvb I nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv G wel‡q hv Rvb‡Z cvwi Zvi Ab¨Zg:
5. 3. 5. 1. fq¼iZg cvc
KziAvb I nv`x‡m evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, wkiK-Kzdi gvbe Rxe‡bi fq¼iZg cvc| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸﹸﺘ ﻻَﺃ
�ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻡ�ﺭ�ﺤ ﺎ�ﻤ ُلﹾﺘَﺃ ﺍ�ﻭﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹶﺘ ْلﹸﻗ
Òej, ÔGm, †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ hv wbwl× K‡i‡Qb Zv †Zvgv‡`i‡K c‡o ïbvB: Zv GB †h, †Zvgiv
Zuvi †Kv‡bv kixK Ki‡e bv .....|Ó 799
B‡Zvc~‡e© Avgiv Beby gvmE` (iv) ewY©Z nv`x‡m †`‡LwQ †h, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb: ÒRNY¨Zg cvc GB †h, Zzwg KvD‡K
Avj­vni mgZ‚j¨ evbv‡e, A_P wZwbB †Zvgv‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb|Ó
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
203
ﹺﺭﻭ�ﺯﻟﺍ ﹸﺓ�ﺩﺎ�ﻬﹶﺸ�ﻭ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻭَﺃ ﹺﺭﻭ�ﺯﻟﺍ ُل�ﻭﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﹺﻥ�ﻴ�ﺩِﻟﺍ�ﻭﹾﻟ ﺍ
ﹸﻕﻭﹸﻘ�ﻋ�ﻭ ﹺﺱﹾﻔﱠﻨﻟﺍ ُلﹾﺘﹶﻗ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻙﺍ�ﺭﹾﺸِﻹﺍ ﹺﺭِﺌﺎ�ﺒﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﺒﹾﻜَﺃ
Òme‡P‡q eo Kexiv †Mvbvn n‡jv Avj­vni mv‡_ wkiK Kiv, gvbyl nZ¨v Kiv, wcZvgvZvi Aeva¨Zv Kiv Ges wg_¨v
K_v ejv ev wg_¨v mv¨ †`Iqv|Ó 800
5. 3. 5. 2. Kzdi-wki‡Ki cvc Avj­vn gv K‡ib bv
ZvIev ev AbyZß n‡q cvc eR©b Kiv mKj cv‡ci gvi c_| Z‡e gnvb Avj­vn ZvIev QvovI †bK K‡g©i Kvi‡Y, kvw¯—i
gva¨‡g ev Zuvi Acvi Ki“Yvq Ab¨ mKj cvc gv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e wki‡Ki cvc wZwb gv K‡ib bv| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻅ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤﹾﺜِﺇ ﻯ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﻓﺍ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻙﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤِﻟ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ
ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻙ�ﺭﹾﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
ÒAvj­vn Zuvi mv‡_ kixK Kivi Aciva gv K‡ib bv| Zv Qvov Ab¨vb¨ Aciva hv‡K B”Q gv K‡ib| Ges †h †KD
Avj­vi mv‡_ kixK K‡i †m GK gnvcvc K‡i|Ó 801
Ab¨Î gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb,
ﺍ�ﺩﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﻻﻼ�ﻀ
ﱠل�ﻀ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻙﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤِﻟ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻙ�ﺭﹾﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠ ﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
ÒAvj­vn Zuvi mv‡_ kixK Kivi Aciva gv K‡ib bv| Zv Qvov Ab¨vb¨ Aciva hv‡K B”Q gv K‡ib| Ges †h †KD Avj­vi mv‡_
kixK K‡i †m fxlYfv‡e c_åó nq|Ó 802
5. 3. 5. 3. wkiK-Kzdi mKj †bK Kg© aŸsm K‡i
Ab¨ mKj cv‡ci mv‡_ wkiK-Kzd‡ii †gŠwjK cv_©K¨ GB †h, mvaiYfv‡e cv‡ci Kvi‡Y cyb¨ webó nq bv| wKš‘
wki‡Ki Kvi‡Y gvby‡li mKj †bK Kg© webó n‡q hvq| Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﺴﺎﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﹶﻨﻭﹸﻜﹶﺘﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻙﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻥﹶﻁ�ﺒ�ﺤ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﹶﺕﹾﻜ�ﺭﹾﺸَﺃ �ﻥِﺌﹶﻟ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫ ﱠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻲ�ﺤﻭُﺃ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ�ﻭ
Ò†Zvgvi cÖwZ Ges †Zvgvi c~e©eZ©x‡`i cÖwZ Aek¨B Inx Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, ÔZzwg Avj­vni kixK w¯’i Ki‡j †Zvgvi Kg©

wbõj n‡e Ges Zzwg n‡e wZMÖ¯—Õ|Ó 803
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﺴﺎﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺓ�ﺭ�ﺨَﻵﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻭ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﻪﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻋ ﹶﻁﹺﺒ�ﺤ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹺﻥﺎ�ﻤﻴِﻹﺎﹺﺒ �ﺭﹸﻔﹾﻜ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
Ò†KD Cgv‡bi mv‡_ Kzdix Ki‡j Zvi Kg© wbõj n‡e Ges †m ciKv‡j wZMÖ¯—‡`i Aš—f©y³ n‡e|Ó 804
gnvb Avj­vn Beivnxg, BmnvK, BqvK‚e, b~n, `vE`, myjvBgvb, AvBEe, BDm~d, g~mv, nviƒb, hvKvwiq¨v, BqvnBqv, Cmv,
BjBqvm, BmgvCj, BjBqvmv, BDbym, j~Z (AvjvBwngym mvjvg) I Zuv‡`i es‡ki †bKKvi gvbyl‡`i K_v D‡j­L K‡i e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ
ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﹶﻁﹺﺒ�ﺤﹶﻟ ﺍﻭﹸﻜ�ﺭﹾﺸَﺃ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺀﺎﹶﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻬ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻫ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ
ÒG n‡jv Avj­vni †n`vqvZ, ¯^xq ev›`v‡`i g‡a¨ hv‡K B”Qv wZwb GØviv mrc‡_ cwiPvwjZ K‡ib| Zviv hw` wki&K
KiZ Z‡e Zviv hv Kg© KiZ meB webó I wbõj n‡q †hZ|Ó 805
5. 3. 5. 4. wkiK-Kzdi Rvnvbœv‡gi Abš— kvw¯—i KviY
wkiK gy³ mKj cv‡c wjß gvbyl AvwLiv‡Z gnvb Avj­vni gv jvf K‡i, A_ev Avj­vni AbyMÖ‡n Kv‡iv kvdvÔAv‡Zi
Kvi‡Y ev kvw¯—‡fv‡Mi c‡i RvbœvZ jvf Ki‡eb| mKj cvcxB gnvb Avj­vni we‡kl gvi Avkv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e wki‡K
wjß gvby‡li Rb¨ †Kv‡bvB Avkv †bB| RvbœvZ GKgvÎ ZvInx`-cš’x‡`i Avevm¯’j| GRb¨ gnvb Avj­vn wki‡K wj߇`i Rb¨
Zv nvivg ev wbwl× K‡i‡Qb| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﹴﺭﺎ�ﺼﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﻤِﻟﺎﱠﻅﻠِﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﺭﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻩﺍ�ﻭْﺄ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹶﺔﱠﻨ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﺭ�ﺤ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻙﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ
Ò†KD Avj­vni kixK Ki‡j Avj­vn Zvi Rb¨ RvbœvZ wbwl× Ki‡eb I Zvi Avevm Rvnvbœvg; Rvwjg‡`i Rb¨ †Kv‡bv
mvnvh¨Kvix †bB|Ó 806
Ave~ hvi (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb, gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﹰﺓ�ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻐ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻠﹾﺜ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻪﹸﺘﻴ�ﻘﹶﻟ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ ﻲﹺﺒ �ﻙﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻴ ﻻ ﹰﺔَﺌﻴ�ﻁﹶﺨ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﹺﺏﺍ�ﺭﹸﻘﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﻴ�ﻘﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Ò†h e¨w³ Avgvi mv‡_ †Kv‡bv wKQz‡K kixK bv K‡i c„w_ex cwigvY cvc-mn Avgvi mv‡_ mvvZ Ki‡e Avwg
mgcwigvY gv-mn Zvi mv‡_ mvvZ Kie|Ó 807
Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻙﹸﺘﹾﻟَﺄـ�ﺴ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡ�ﻌﹶﻨ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﻱ�ﺩﹶﺘﹾﻔﹶﺘ ﹶﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻭﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﺒﺍﹶﺫ�ﻋ ﹺﺭﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ِل�ﻫَﺃ ﹺﻥ�ﻭ�ﻫَﻷ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
�ﻙ�ﺭﱢﺸﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ ﹶﺕ�ﻴ�ﺒَﺄﹶﻓ ﻲﹺﺒ �ﻙﹺﺭﹾﺸﹸﺘ ﻻ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡ�ﺩﺁ ﹺﺏﹾﻠ�ﺼ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻭ�ﻫَﺃ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤ
ÒRvnvbœv‡g me‡P‡q Kg kvw¯— †fvM Ki‡e †h e¨w³ Zv‡K gnvb Avj­vn ej‡eb, c„w_exi mewKQzi gvwjKvbv Zzwg hw`
†c‡Z Z‡e wK Rvnvbœvg †_‡K euvPvi Rb¨ mewKQz wd`Bqv wn‡m‡e `vb K‡i w`‡Z? †jvKwU ej‡e: nü v| gnvb Avj­vn ej‡eb,
Avwg †Zv †Zvgvi Kv‡Q Gi †P‡q A‡bK mnR GKwU welq †P‡qwQjvg; Zzwg hLb Av`‡gi c„ô‡`‡k Ae¯’vb KiwQ‡j ZLb
Avwg †Zvgvi Kv‡Q †P‡qwQjvg †h Zzwg Avgvi mv‡_ wkiK Ki‡e bv| wKš‘ Zzwg wkiK cwiZ¨vM Ki‡j bv|Ó 808
5. 3. 6. wki‡Ki Drm-mg~n eÜ Kiv
wkiK cÖwZ‡iv‡a KziAvb I nv`x‡mi we‡kl e¨e¯’vi Ab¨Zg wki‡Ki Drm¸wj eÜ Kiv| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, wkiK
g~jZ `ywU welq‡K wb‡q AvewZ©Z nq: (1) gnvb Avj­vni cÖwZ Ae-fw³ ev Kz-aviYv Ges (2) ev›`vi cÖwZ AwZfw³ ev AwZaviYv|
Avi G `ywU welq ci¯ú‡i Awe‡”Q`¨fv‡e RwoZ| gnvb Avj­vni gh©v`v I gZvi cÖwZ Kz-aviYv bv n‡j †KD †Kv‡bv
ev›`vi cÖwZ AwZ-aviYv †cvlY Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Abyiƒcfv‡e †Kv‡bv ev›`vi cÖwZ AwZ-aviYv †cvl‡Yi A_©B n‡jv gnvb
Avj­vni gh©`v I gZvi cÖwZ Ae-aviYv †cvlY Kiv|
KziAvb I nv`x‡m we‡klfv‡e G welq¸wj †iv‡ai e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q| G wel‡q we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ e¨vcK
cwim‡ii cÖ‡qvRb| GLv‡b AwZ-ms‡‡c G wel‡q KziAvb-nv`x‡mi e¨e¯’v¸wj D‡j­L KiwQ|
5. 3. 6. 1. gnvb Avj­vni wel‡q Ae-aviYv †iva Kiv
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi cÖ_g, cÖavb I Ab¨Zg Av‡jvP¨ welq gnvb Avj­vni gh©v`v, gZv I Zuvi ZvInx`| evisevi
wewfbœfv‡e ejv n‡q‡Q †h, gnvb Avj­vn me©gq gZvi AwaKvix, GKgvÎ cÖwZcvjK, me©kw³gvb, mKj KZ…©‡Z¡i AwaKvix, wek¦
cwiPvjbvi AwaKvi, gZv, Kj¨vY ev AKj¨v‡Yi gZv Avi Kv‡iv †bB| †KD wKQz Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, w`‡Z cv‡i bv| wZwb w`‡j
204

†KD Zv †iva Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Zuvi B”QvB P~ovš—| Zuvi B”Qvi wecix‡Z Ab¨ Kv‡iv †Kv‡bv B”Qvi †Kvbv g~j¨ †bB| wZwb Zuvi wb‡Ri
B”Qv, AbygwZ I gwh©i evB‡i Kv‡iv mycvwik, kvdvÔAvZ ev `yÔAv MÖnY K‡ib bv| GKgvÎ Zuv‡KB WvK, ZuviB mvnvh¨ PvI, wZwbB
†Zvgvi Wv‡K mvov w`‡eb| Avi wZwb bv w`‡j Ab¨ †KD †Kv‡bvfv‡e w`‡Z cv‡i bv| Gfv‡e KziAvb I nv`x‡m Avj­vni gnZ¡,
gh©v`v, gZv I kw³ m¤ú‡K© evisevi †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q, †hb Zuvi gh©`v I gn‡Z¡i cÖwZ cwic~Y© Av¯’v I wek¦vm gywgb AR©b
Ki‡Z cv‡ib| G welqK A‡bK AvqvZ I nv`xm B‡Zvc~‡e© wewfbœ cÖm‡½ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ|
5. 3. 6. 2. wdwikZvMY m¤ú‡K© AwZfw³ †iva Kiv
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi weeiY †_‡K Avgiv †`wL †h, gykwiKMY †h mKj ev›`vi wel‡q AwZfw³i Kvi‡Y wkiK K‡i‡Q
Zv‡`i Ab¨Zg wdwikZvMY, bexMY Ges Avj­vni wcÖq †bKKvi ev›`vMY| G Qvov gykwiKMY A‡bK ev‡bvqvU ev KwíZ
e¨w³Z¡‡K ÔAvj­vni wcÖqÕ ev ÔAvj­vni mš—vbÕ bvg w`‡q wkiK K‡i‡Q| Avi‡ei KvwdiMY wdwikZvMY‡K Avj­vni mš—vb ev
Avj­vni Kb¨v e‡j AvL¨vwqZ KiZ Ges Zv‡`i mycvwik-kvdvÔAvZ jv‡fi Avkvq Zv‡`i Bev`Z KiZ| KziAvb Kvix‡g
Zv‡`i G AwZfw³ †iva Ki‡Z evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, Zuviv gnvb Avj­vni m¤§vwbZ ev›`v gvÎ| Zuviv kvdvÔAv‡Zi
my‡hvM cv‡eb e‡U, Z‡e Zv Zv‡`i B”Pvaxb bq, eis gnvb Avj­vni B”Qv I AbygwZi Aaxb| Kv‡RB kvdvÔAv‡Zi Avkvq
Avj­vn‡K ev` w`‡q Zv‡`i Bev`Z fq¼i c_åóZv Qvov wKQzB bq| G welqK wewfbœ AvqvZ B‡Zvc~‡e© wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Av‡jvPbv
Kiv n‡q‡Q|
5. 3. 6. 3. bex-ivm~jM‡Yi wel‡q AwZfw³ †iva Kiv
KziAvb I nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv †`wL †h, Bn~`x, L„÷vb I Avi‡ei gykwiKMY Beivnxg, BmgvCj, DhvBi, Cmv (AvjvBwngym
mvjvg) cÖgyL bex-ivm~‡ji wel‡q AwZfw³ I evovevwo K‡i wki‡K wbcwZZ nq| GRb¨ KziAvb Kvix‡gi evisevi bex-ivm~jM‡Yi
Avew`q¨vZ ev ev›`vZ¡, evkvwiq¨vZ ev gvbeZ¡, Avj­vni B”Qv Qvov †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK wb`k©b †`Lv‡bvi AgZv, MvBe m¤ú‡K©
AÁZv BZ¨vw` welq evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hb Zuv‡`i Abymvix I gywgbMY Zuv‡`i cÖwZ AwePj fw³, fvjevmv I
AvbyM‡Z¨i cvkvcvwk Zuv‡`i Zv‡`i wel‡q AwZfw³ †_‡K AvZ¥iv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| G welqK A‡bK AvqvZ I nv`xm B‡Zvc~‡e©
wewfbœ| gnvbex nhiZ gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi cÖwZ fw³, fvjevmv, gh©v`v cÖ`vb I cwic~Y© AvbyM‡Z¨i cvkvcvwk Zuvi cÖwZ fw³ I
wek¦v‡mi †‡Î Inxi Abymi‡Yi wb‡`©kbvewjI Avgiv we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ|
5. 3. 6. 4. IjxMY m¤ú‡K© AwZfw³ †iva Kiv
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, †bKKvi ev Ijx-Avj­vnM‡Yi wel‡q AwZfw³ wQj gykwiK‡`i wki‡Ki Ab¨Zg KviY| KziAvb I
nv`x‡m G wel‡q AwZfw³i c_ †iva Kiv n‡q‡Q:
cÖ_gZ, Cgvb I ZvKIqv‡K †ejvqvZ ev Ijx‡Z¡i wfwË aiv n‡q‡Q| Ijxi cwiP‡qi †‡Î A‡jŠwKKZv, KvivgvZ BZ¨vw`i
†Kv‡bviƒc ¸i“Z¡ cÖ`vb Kiv nq wb| ZvKIqvi AwaKvix †Kv‡bv e¨w³ †_‡K hw` †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK Kvh© cÖKvwkZ nq Z‡e Zv gnvb
Avj­vni †`Iqv m¤§vbbv ev KvivgZ wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e Kv‡iv A‡jŠwKK Kvh© †`‡L Zv‡K Ijx e‡j g‡b Kivi
†Kv‡bviƒc my‡hvM Bmjv‡g †bB| †hb gywgb Kv‡iv A‡jŠwKK Kg© †`‡L Zv‡K wbwðZ Ijx e‡j aviYv bv K‡i|
wØZxqZ, A‡jŠwKK Kvh© †`‡L †Zv KvD‡K Ijx ejv hv‡e bv, GgbwK KziAvb-nv`x‡m hv‡K †ejvqv‡Zi `wjj wn‡m‡e D‡j­L
Kiv n‡q‡Q †mB Cgvb I ZvKIqv †`‡LI KvD‡K mywbwðZ Ijx e‡j wbwðqZv †`Iqv hvq bv| KviY, ÔCgvbÕ I ÔZvKIqvÕ DfqB
g~jZ ü`‡qi Af¨š—‡ii j~°wqZ welq, hv Avj­vn Qvov †KD Rv‡bb bv| gywg‡bi Kg© Zvi Cgvb I ZvKIqvi AvjvgZ gvÎ, hv
†`‡L Cgvb I ZvKIqvi we`¨gvbZv m¤ú‡K© aviYv Kiv hvq, Z‡e wbwðZ nIqv hvq bv| evwn¨K Cgvb I ZvKIqvi wfwˇZ
mKj gywgbB Avj­vni Ijx| hviv ZvKIqv I †bK-Avgj hZ †ewk †m ZZ †ewk Avj­vni wcÖq| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv e¨w³‡K wba©vwiZfv‡e
Ijx e‡j wPwýZ Kivi my‡hvM †`Iqv nq wb| wba©vwiZfv‡e KvD‡K ÔIjxÕ e‡j wbwðZ Kiv †Zv `~‡ii K_v, Inxi wb‡`©kvbv evB‡i
KvD‡K wbwðZiƒ‡c RvbœvZx ej‡ZI AvcwË Kiv n‡q‡Q| G wel‡q Dmgvb Beby gvhEb (iv) welqK nv`xmwU B‡Zvcy‡e© Avgiv
†`‡LwQ| Ab¨ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ�ﻭ ٍل�ﻀﹶﻔﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺩ�ﻤﹶﻐﹶﺘ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﻻِﺇ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﻻ�ﻭ ﻻ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ ﹶﺔﱠﻨ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻋ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ َل�ﺨ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻥﹶﻟ
Ò‡Kv‡bv e¨w³‡KB Zvi wb‡Ri Avgj Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kiv‡e bv| mvnvexMY e‡jb, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, AvcwbI bb? wZwb e‡jb, bv,
AvwgI bB, hw` Avj­vn Avgv‡K gnvbyfeZv I ingZ w`‡q Ave„Z K‡i bv †bb|Ó 809
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, Bmjv‡g gvby‡li evwn¨K †bK K‡g©i wfwˇZ m¤§vb Ki‡Z I fvjevm‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡jI, †Kv‡bv
evwn¨K Kg© ev Kvivgv‡Zi wfwˇZ KvD‡K mywbwðZ Ijx †Zv `~‡ii K_v RvbœvZx ejvi †Kv‡bv my‡hvM ivLv nq wb| m‡e©vcwi †Kv‡bv
Ijx‡K Avj­vn †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK gZv w`‡q‡Qb ev †`b Giƒc †Kv‡bv Kíbv Kivi my‡hvM Bmjv‡g †bB| KziAvb ev nv`x‡m †Kv_vI
Giƒc wKQz ejv nq wb| GgbwK mvnvexMY †bKKvi eyRyM©‡`i wbKU `yÔAv PvIqvi wel‡qI evovovwo cwinvi Ki‡Z civgk© w`‡Zb|
mvaviYfv‡e gywgb‡`i wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Ab¨‡`i Rb¨ `yÔAv Ki‡Z| mvnvev‡q †Kivg ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi wbKU `yÔAv PvB‡Zb|
Zuviv G‡K Ac‡ii Kv‡QI †`vq †P‡q‡Qb KL‡bv KL‡bv| GgbwK GKwU nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡q‡Q : Dgi (iv.) Dgivn Av`v‡qi Rb¨ g°v
kix‡d Mg‡bi AbygwZ PvB‡j ivm~jyj­n � AbygwZ cÖ`vb K‡ib Ges e‡jb : Avgv‡`i‡KI †Zvgvi `yÔAvvi g‡a¨ g‡b †iL, fy‡j †hI
205

v| 810
Zv‡eqxMYI mvnvexM‡Yi Kv‡Q gv‡Sg‡a¨ `yÔAv PvB‡j Zuviv `yÔAv Ki‡Zb| GK e¨w³ Avbvm (iv.) -Gi Kv‡Q G‡m
`yÔAv Pvq| wZwb e‡jb: ÒAvj­vû¤§v AvwZbv wd``ywbqv nvmvbvZvI Iqv wdj AvwLivwZ nvmvbvn|Ó (A_©vr: †n Avj­vn, Avcwb
Avgv‡`i‡K `ywbqvq Kj¨vY Ges Av‡Liv‡Z Kj¨vY `vb Ki“b|) H e¨w³ evi evi `yÔAv PvB‡j wZwb ïay GZUzKzB e‡jb| 811
Aciw`‡K Zuviv G wel‡q evovevwo ev AwZfw³ wb‡la Ki‡Zb| A‡bK mgq A‡bK mvnvex `yÔAv PvB‡j `yÔAv Ki‡Zb bv,
KviY G‡Z gvbyl `yÔAv PvIqvi ixwZ ˆZwi K‡i †b‡e| GK e¨w³ Ljxdv Dg‡ii (iv.) Kv‡Q wPwV wj‡L `yÔAv Pvq| wZwb Dˇi
wj‡Lb :
�ﻙﹺﺒ
ﹾﻨﹶﺫ
ِﻟ َﷲﺍ ﹺﺭ�ﻔ
ﹾﻐﹶﺘ
�ﺴﺎﹶﻓ
ﹸﺓﹶﻼ
�ﺼﻟﺍ �ﺕ�ﻤ
�ﻴ�ﻗ
ُﺃ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻥﻜﻟﻭ ،�ﻲﹺﺒ
ﹶﻨﹺﺒ
ﹸﺕ�ﺴ
ﹶﻟ �ﻲﱢﻨ
ِﺇ
ÒAvwg bex bB (†h †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ `yÔAv Kie ev Avgvi `yÔAv Keyj n‡eB), eis hLb mvjvZ Kv‡qg Kiv n‡e, ZLb
Zzwg †Zvgvi †Mvbv‡ni Rb¨ Avj­vni Kv‡Q gv PvB‡e|Ó 812
mvÕ` Beby Avex Iqv°vm (iv) wmwiqvq †M‡j GK e¨w³ Zuvi Kv‡Q G‡m e‡jb: Avcwb `yÔAv Ki“b, †hb Avj­vn Avgv‡K gv
K‡ib| wZwb e‡jb: Avj­vn †Zvgv‡K gv Ki“b| Gici Ab¨ GKRb G‡m GKBfv‡e `yÔAv Pvb| ZLb wZwb e‡jb: Avj­vn
†Zvgv‡K gv bv Ki“b, Av‡Mi e¨w³‡KI gv bv Ki“b! Avwg wK bex? (†h mevi Rb¨ `yÔAv Kie ev Avgvi `yÔAv Keyj
n‡eB)| 813
5. 3. 6. 5. gywZ©, Qwe, Kei ev ¯§„wZgq `ªe¨
gvbe BwZnv‡mi w`‡K ZvKv‡j Avgiv †`wL †h, hy‡M hy‡M mKj mgv‡Ri gykwiK‡`iB aviYv †h, †bKKvi gvbyl g„Zz¨i c‡i
Av‡iv †ewk A‡jŠwKK gZv I AwaKvi jvf K‡i| Zviv †`‡ni †Lvjm †_‡K gy³ n‡q cy‡iv AvwZ¥K AvwacZ¨ I gZv AR©b
K‡i| GRb¨ RxweZ †bKKvi‡`i †P‡q g„Z †bKKvi‡`i Bev`Z Kiv ev Zv‡`i‡K Avj­vni kixK evb‡bvi cÖeYZv me gykwiK‡`i
g‡a¨B †ewk|
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, wec‡` Avc‡` g~Z© wKQz‡K AvK‡o a‡i wb‡Ri g‡bi Av‡eM Rvbv‡bv Ges wec` †_‡K ÎvY cÖv_©bv
Kivi AvMÖn wki‡Ki Ab¨Zg KviY| `ye©j wPË gvbyl A`„k¨ †Kv‡bv wKQzi Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv K‡i cy‡iv Z…wß cvq bv| g~Z© wKQz‡K
Rwo‡q ai‡Z Pvq| GRb¨ g„Z g„Z †bKKvi e¨w³i Bev`Z Kiv ev Zvi cÖwZ P~ovš— fw³-webq cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ gykwiK e¨w³ GKwU
g~Z© wKQz mÜvb K‡i| GRb¨ g~j evnb (1) D³ e¨w³i mgvwa ev Kei, (2) D³ e¨w³i Qwe,g~wZ© ev cÖwZK…wZ Ges (2) D³
e¨w³i ¯§„wZweRwoZ ¯’vb ev `ªe¨| mvaviYZ G¸wj‡K †K›`ª K‡iB wkiK AvewZ©Z nq|
Bmjv‡g wki‡Ki G mKj DcKiY‡K wbwl× Kiv n‡q‡Q, †hb †Kv‡bvfv‡e gvbexq `ye©jZv ev kqZv‡bi cÖeÂbvi Kvi‡Y
†Kv‡bv gywgb G¸wji cÖwZ fw³ cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z †h‡q wki‡K wbcwZZ bv nq| Qwe, cªwZK…wZ, gywZ© BZ¨vw` ˆZwi, msiY BZ¨vw`
KwVbfv‡e wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| ¯§„wZweRwoZ `ªe¨ ev ¯’v‡bi wel‡q Bmjvgx wb‡`©kbv B‡Zvc~‡e© Avgiv †`‡LwQ| Kei †hb gvby‡li
AwZfw³i wel‡q cwiYZ bv nq †m Rb¨ Kei †Kw›`ªK gmwR` I Bev`Z wbwl× Kiv n‡q‡Q| m‡e©vcwi Kei ¯^vfvwe‡Ki †P‡q †ewk
DPz Kiv, cvKv Kiv, PzbKvg Kiv, Ke‡ii Dc‡i wKQz †jLv BZ¨vw` wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| gywZ©, Qwe I cÖwZK…wZi cvkvcvwk DPz Kei
†f‡½ †dj‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|
mnxn gymwjg I Ab¨vb¨ MÖ‡š’ msKwjZ nv`x‡m Ljxdv Avjxi (iv) cywjk evwnbxi cÖavb Aveyj nvBqvR Avmv`x e‡jb:
ﻻِﺇ ﺎﹰﻓﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻤ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒﹶﻗ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻤﹶﻁ ﻻِﺇ ﻻﺎﹶﺜ�ﻤ�ﺘ �ﻉ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﻻ �ﻥَﺃ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﻨﹶﺜ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻙﹸﺜ�ﻌ�ﺒَﺃ ﻻَﺃ ﹴﺏِﻟﺎﹶﻁ ﻲﹺﺒَﺃ �ﻥ�ﺒ �ﻲ�ﻠ�ﻋ ﻲِﻟ َلﺎﹶﻗ
ﺎ�ﻬﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻤﹶﻁ ﻻِﺇ ﹰﺓ�ﺭﻭ�ﺼ ﻻ�ﻭ...
�ﻪﹶﺘ�ﻴ�ﻭ�ﺴ
ÒAvjx (iv) Avgv‡K e‡jb: Avwg †Zvgv‡K †mB `vwqZ¡ w`‡q †cÖiY KiwQ, †h `vwqZ¡ w`‡q ivm~jyj­vn � Avgv‡K †cÖiY
K‡iwQ‡jb : hZ g~wZ©-cÖwZK…wZ †`L‡e me †f‡½ ¸wo‡q †`‡e, (¯^vfvweK Ke‡ii cwiwPwZ ÁvcK mvgvb¨ D”PZvi †ewk) †Kv‡bv DuPz
Kei †`L‡j Zv me mgvb K‡i †`‡e Ges hZ Qwe †`L‡e me gy‡Q †dj‡e|Ó 814 |
Ave~ gynv¤§v` Avj-ûhvjx Avjx (iv) †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb:
ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻩﺍ�ﻭـ�ﺴ ﻻِﺇ ﺍ�ﺭـ�ﺒﹶﻗ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺭ�ﺴﹶﻜ ﻻِﺇ ﺎﹰﻨﹶﺜ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ �ﻉ�ﺩ�ﻴ ﻼﹶﻓ �ﺔﹶﻨﻴ�ﺩ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﹸﻕ�ﻠﹶﻁﹾﻨ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﺓ�ﺯﺎﹶﻨ�ﺠ ﻲ�ﻓ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ﹸﻕ�ﻠﹶﻁﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ � �ﻲ�ﻠ�ﻋ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻊ�ﺠ�ﺭﹶﻓ �ﺔﹶﻨﻴ �ﺩ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ َل�ﻫَﺃ �ﺏﺎ�ﻬﹶﻓ ﹶﻕﹶﻠﹶﻁﹾﻨﺎﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ٌل�ﺠ�ﺭ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﺨﱠﻁﹶﻟ ﻻِﺇ ﹰﺓ�ﺭﻭ�ﺼ
�ﻡﹸﺜ ﺎ�ﻬﹸﺘﹾﺨﱠﻁﹶﻟ ﻻِﺇ ﹰﺓ�ﺭﻭ�ﺼ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪﹸﺘ�ﻴ�ﻭ�ﺴ ﻻِﺇ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒﹶﻗ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪﹸﺘ�ﺭ�ﺴﹶﻜ ﻻِﺇ ﺎﹰﻨﹶﺜ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ �ﻉ�ﺩَﺃ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻊ�ﺠ�ﺭ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﹶﻕﹶﻠﹶﻁﹾﻨﺎﹶﻓ ﹾﻕ�ﻠﹶﻁﹾﻨﺎﹶﻓ َلﺎﹶﻗ
.
� �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ َلﹺﺯﹾﻨُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﺭﹶﻔﹶﻜ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ �ﺔ�ﻌﹾﻨ�ﺼِﻟ �ﺩﺎ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ َلﺎﹶﻗ
206

ÒGKw`b ivm~jyj­vn � GK Rvbvhvq (g`xbvi evB‡i) wQ‡jb| wZwb ej‡jb: †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ †K AvQ †h g`xbvi Af¨š—‡i
wM‡q hZ g~wZ© cv‡e me weP~Y© Ki‡e, hZ Kei †`L‡e me mgvb K‡i †`‡e, Ges hZ Qwe cv‡e me gy‡Q ev bó K‡i †`‡e| ZLb
GKRb mvnvex ej‡jb: Bqv ivm~jyj­vn, Avwg hve| wKš‘ wZwb g`xbvevmx‡K fq †c‡q wd‡i Avm‡jb| ZLb Avjx (iv) ej‡jb: Bqv
ivm~jyj­vn, Avwg hve| ivm~jyj­vn � ej‡jb: hvI| ZLb Avjx P‡j †M‡jb| c‡i wd‡i G‡m ej‡jb: Avwg mKj g~wZ© †f‡½
w`‡qwQ, mKj Kei †f‡½ mgvb K‡i w`‡qwQ Ges mKj Qwe gy‡Q bó K‡i w`‡qwQ| Gici ivm~jyj­vn � ej‡jb: hw` †KD cybivq
GmKj Kv‡Ri †Kv‡bv GKwU K‡i Z‡e †m gynv¤§v‡`i (�) Dci AeZxY© a‡g©i mv‡_ Kzd&ix Kij|Ó nv`xmwUi mb` nvmvb| 815
hvwei Beby Avãyj­vn (ivw`qvj­vû Avbûgv) e‡jb :
207
�ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻰﹶﻨ�ﺒ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺩ�ﻌﹾﻘ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﺒﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﺹ�ﺼ�ﺠ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﻰ�ﻬﹶﻨ
Òivmyjyj­vn � Kei PzbKvg Ki‡Z, Ke‡ii Dci em‡Z Ges Ke‡ii Dci BgviZ ev Ni evbv‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| 816
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avey mvC` Ly`ix (iv) e‡j‡Qb :
ﹺﺭـ�ﺒـﹶﻘـﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻰﹶﻨـ�ﺒـ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﻰ�ﻬﹶﻨ
ivm~jyj­vn � Ke‡ii Dci Ni ˆZwi Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb|Ó 817
G A‡_© D‡¤§ mvjvgv (iv) †_‡KI nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| 818
� �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥﺇ
wewfbœ nv`xm †_‡K Rvbv hvq †gvU 5wU welq ivm~jyj­vn � wb‡la K‡i‡Qb: Kei PzbKvg Kiv, Ke‡ii Dc‡i emv, Kei
euvav‡bv ev Ke‡ii Dc‡i Ni RvZxq wKQy ˆZwi Kiv, Ke‡ii Dc‡i †jLv Ges AwZwi³ gvwU G‡b Kei DuPz Kiv| 819
5. 4. gymwjg mgv‡R wki&K cÖ‡e‡ki †cÖvcU
5. 4. 1. gymwjg mgv‡R wki‡Ki AbycÖ‡ek welqK fwel¨ØvYx
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, mZ¨ I wg_¨vi msNv‡Zi me‡P‡q eo welq ZvInx` I wki‡Ki msNvZ| hy‡M hy‡M bex-ivm~jMY
gvbyl‡`i‡K ZvInx‡`i c_ †`wL‡q‡Qb| kqZvb I Zvi AbymvwiMY m‡e©v”P cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q‡Q Avevi Zv‡`i‡K wki‡Ki g‡a¨
wbcwZZ Ki‡Z| gvbexq `ye©jZv, ZvInx` m¤ú‡K© AÁZv, Inxi Ávb m¤ú‡K© AÁZv BZ¨vw` welq gywgb‡K kqZv‡bi à‡i
co‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q|
ZvInx‡`i wek¦Rbxb, me©‡kl I me©‡kªô `vIqvZ gynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi `vIÔAvZ| KziAvb I mybœv‡n
ZvInx`‡K mgybœZ ivLvi I wkiK-Kzdi cÖwZ‡iva Kivi mKj e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q e‡j Avgiv †`‡LwQ| wKš‘ kqZv‡bi
cÖ‡Póv Zv‡Z †_‡g hvq wb| kqZvb Zvi Abymvix‡`i wb‡q me©vZ¥K †Póv K‡i‡Q gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ wkiK-Kzdi cÖ‡ek
Kiv‡Z| we‡kl K‡i hLbB †Kv‡bv gymwjg e¨w³ ev mgvR KziAvb I mnxn nv`x‡mi Ávb †_‡K `~‡i m‡i wM‡q‡Q ZLbB
kqZv‡bi cÖ‡Póv Zv‡`i g‡a¨ wKQzUv n‡jI mdjZv jvf K‡i‡Q|
wewfbœ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K mZK© K‡i‡Qb †h, c~e©eZ©x D¤§vZ¸wj †hgb weåvš— n‡q‡Q, Zuvi D¤§v‡Zi
g‡a¨I Abyiƒcfv‡e GKB cÖK…wZi weåvwš— cÖ‡ek Ki‡e| G welqK wKQz nv`xm Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ| G welqK A‡bK
nv`xm Avgiv cieZ©x Aa¨v‡q †`L‡Z cve, Bbkv Avj­vn| G mKj nv`xm †_‡K mywbwðZfv‡e Rvbv hvq †h, Bn~`x, L„÷vb,
cvi‡m¨i AwMœ-DcvmK I Ab¨vb¨ weåvš— RvwZ †hfv‡e Avmgvbx †n`vqvZ cvIqvi c‡iI wkiK-Kzdi I weåvwš—i g‡a¨ wbcwZZ
n‡qwQj AweKj †mfv‡e gymwjg D¤§vni A‡b‡K wkiK-Kzdi I weåvwš—i g‡a¨ wbcwZZ n‡e| cv_©K¨ GB †h, gymwjg D¤§vni
g~j `xb webó n‡e bv, gnvb Avj­vn Gi g~j Drm KziAvb I mybœvn‡K weï×fv‡e †ndvhZ Ki‡eb Ges D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ wKQz gvbyl
me©`v n‡°i Dci _vK‡eb, hviv ivm~jyj­vn � I mvnvexM‡Yi mybœvZ ûeû AbymiY Ki‡eb|
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K wkiK †_‡K mZK© _vK‡Z we‡klfv‡e wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| wcwcwjKvi
c`PviYvi gZ mš—c©‡b Zv gywg‡bi ü`‡q cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i e‡j wZwb mZK© K‡i‡Qb| GgbwK gywZ©c~Rvi gZ welqI Zuvi
D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ NU‡e e‡j wZwb fwel¨ØvYx K‡i‡Qb| Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb:
�ﺔـ�ﻴ�ﻠ�ﻫﺎ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ ﻲـ�ﻓ �ﺱ�ﻭ�ﺩ ﺎ�ﻫ�ﺩـ�ﺒ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻨ�ﺼ ﹾﺕﹶﻨﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﺼﹶﻠﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ ﻱ�ﺫ َل�ﻭ�ﺤ ﹴﺱ�ﻭ�ﺩ �ﺀﺎ�ﺴ�ﻨ ﹸﺕﺎ�ﻴﹶﻟَﺃ �ﺏﹺﺭﹶﻁ�ﻀﹶﺘ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ ﹸﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻡﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ ﻻ
ﹶﺔﹶﻟﺎ�ﺒﹶﺘﹺﺒ
ÒwKqvg‡Zi c~‡e©B `vIm †Mv‡Îi bvix‡`i wbZ¤^ Ôhyj LvjvmvnÕ-i Av‡kcv‡k Av‡›`vwjZ n‡eÓ, hyj Lvjvmvn wQj
Zvevjvq Aew¯’Z `vIm †Mv‡Îi GKwU cÖwZgv hv Zviv Rvwnjx hy‡M Bev`Z KiZ| 820

mvIevb (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻥﺎﹶﺜ�ﻭَﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ ُلِﺌﺎ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ ُلِﺌﺎ�ﺒﹶﻗ ﹶﻕ�ﺤﹾﻠﹶﺘ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ ﹸﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻡﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ
ÒwKqvg‡Zi c~‡e©B Avgvi D¤§v‡Zi wKQz m¤cÖ`vq gykwiK‡`i mv‡_ wg‡k hv‡e Ges Avgvi D¤§v‡Zi wKQz m¤cÖ`vq
ÔIqvmvbÕ Ôc~wRZ `ª‡e¨iÕ Bev`Z Ki‡e|Ó 821
Iqvmvb (ﻥﺜﻭﻟﺍ) ej‡Z gywZ©, cÖwZgv I †h †Kv‡bv cÖKvi c~wRZ `ªe¨ ev e¯‘ eySv‡bv nq| Av`x Beby nvwZg (iv) e‡jb:
�ﻥﹶﺜ�ﻭﹾﻟﺍ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﻙﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﺡ�ﺭﹾﻁﺍ �ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻴ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹴﺏ�ﻫﹶﺫ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺏﻴ�ﻠ�ﺼ ﻲ�ﻘﹸﻨ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﻓ�ﻭ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﹸﺕ�ﻴﹶﺘَﺃ
ÒAvwg hLb ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wbKU AvMgb Kijvg ZLb Avgvi Mjvq wQj GKwU ¯^‡Y©i µzk| wZwb Avgv‡K e‡jb,
†Zvgvi Mjv †_‡K G ÔIqvmvbÕ ev c~wRZ e¯‘wU †d‡j `vI|Ó 822
G mKj nv`xm †_‡K eySv hvq †h, gywZ©c~Rv, `ªe¨ c~Rv, ¯§„wZ-weRwoZ ¯’vb ev e¯‘ c~Rvi gZ wkiKI gymwjg D¤§v‡Zi
Kv‡iv Kv‡iv g‡a¨ cÖ‡ek Ki‡e| ev¯—e Ae¯’vI ZvB mv¨ †`q|
5. 4. 2. Bn~`x lohš¿ I kxqv gZev`
e¯‘Z gymwjg mgv‡Ri mKj wkiK, Kzdi I weåvwš—i g~j Bn~`x Av‡›`vjb, †hgb L„÷vb a‡g©i weK…wZi g~j KviY Bn~`x
Av‡›`vjb| Bn~`x †cŠj †hgb Kvkd, KvivgZ BZ¨vw`i `vwe K‡i L„÷vb †m‡R µgvš^‡q L„÷vb ag©‡K weK…Z K‡i, †Zgwb Avãyj­vn
Beby mvev gymwjg †m‡R µgvš^‡q gymwjg wek¦vm weK…Z K‡i| †cŠj whi“kv‡j‡gi nvIqvix I Bmiv‡qjxq L„÷vb‡`i g‡a¨ myweav
Ki‡Z bv †c‡i ÔciRvwZ‡`iÕ wbKU Mgb K‡i| Beby mvev g`xbv-g°vq myweav Ki‡Z bv †c‡i Kzdv, emiv, wgmi BZ¨vw` `~ieZ©x
A‡j bZzb cÖR‡b¥i bI gymwjg‡`i wbKU Mgb K‡i| Df‡qiB `vwe `vIqvi wfwË ÔAwZfw³Õi gva¨‡g gyw³| Z‡e †cŠj L„÷a‡g©i
g~j Drm¸wj weK…Z Ki‡Z mg nq, d‡j g~j L„÷ag© wejyß n‡q hvq| cvš—‡i Beby mvev Giƒc wKQz Ki‡Z mg nq bv| †m
AMwYZ wg_¨ K_v cÖPvi I cÖmvi K‡i hvq Ges KziAvb I mybœvn †hb †KD MÖnY bv K‡i Zvi e¨e¯’v K‡i hvq| Z‡e †m g~j KziAvb I
mybœvn‡K weK…Z Ki‡Z cv‡i wb|
gymwjg D¤§vni mKj wkiK-Gi Drm Avãyj­vn Beby mvev Ges Zvi cÖPvwiZ kxqv gZev`| Øv`k Bgvg cš’x kxqv Ges
we‡kl K‡i evwZbx kxqv. KvivwgZv, bymvBwiq¨vn, `yi“h BZ¨vw` m¤cÖ`vq AMwYZ wkiK-Kzdi gymwjg mgv‡R Qvwo‡q‡Q|
we‡klZ Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g wZb kZvãx MZ nIqvi c‡i gymwjg we‡k¦i wewfbœ ¯’v‡b G mKj weåvš— `j ivóxq gZv `Lj Ki‡Z
mg nq| evM`v‡` g~j †K‡›`ª eb~ eyIqvBwnqv kxqvMY gZv `Lj K‡i| KvivgvwZq¨v, evwZbxqv, nvkvwkqv, dvwZgxqv wewfbœ
kxqv m¤cÖ`vq wgmi, wZDwbwmqv, gi‡°v, Bqvgvb, K‚dv, emiv, bR`, Lyivmvb, fviZ, evsjv BZ¨vw` A‡j ivó gZv `Lj
K‡i Zv‡`i cÖfve we¯—vi Ki‡Z mg nq| Giv mvaviY mijcÖvY ÔmybœxÕ gymwjg, m~dx, `i‡ek I Bjg-nxb †bKKvi gvbyl‡`i
g‡a¨I G‡`i wkiK cÖmvi Ki‡Z mg nq| gymwjg D¤§vni mKj wki‡Ki Drm g~jZ GLv‡bB|
5. 4. 3. Cgv‡bi Dr‡mi wePz¨wZ I AwZfw³
Bbkv Avj­vn, cieZ©x Aa¨v‡q Avgiv kxqv gZev‡`i wewfbœ w`K wb‡q Avgiv we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kie| Z‡e wkiK
cÖmv‡ii Ab¨Zg KviY wQj G gZev‡` AvKx`vi Drm m¤ú‡K© weåvwš— Ges BgvgMY I IjxM‡Yi wel‡q AwZfw³|
Zviv wek¦v‡mi Drm Inxi g‡a¨ ev KziAvb I nv`x‡mi g‡a¨ mxgve× iv‡L wb| eis Inxi Zvdmx‡i Zv‡`i ÔAvwjgÕ ev
Bgvg‡`i e¨vL¨v‡KB Inxi gh©v`v w`‡q‡Q| G Qvov ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi c‡i Bgvg, BgvgM‡Yi Ljxdv ev dKxn bv‡g wewfbœ
gvby‡li gZvgZ‡KI wek¦v‡mi wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Q| Gfv‡e g~jZ Zviv KziAvb ev Inxi Kvh©KwiZvB A¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q|
Zv‡`i g‡Z KziAv‡bi A_© eySv mvaviY gvby‡li KvR bq| KziAv‡bi mij †h A_© eySv hvq ZvI †Kv‡bv ¸i“Z¡ enb K‡i bv|
eis KziAv‡bi Zvdmx‡i BgvgMY ev Zv‡`i cÖwZwbwa eyRyM©MY hv e‡j‡Qb †mUvB P~ovš—| GQvov Zviv cÖPvi K‡i †h, BgvgMb
I Zv‡`i cÖwZwbwaMY Kvkd, Bjnvg I we‡kl m¤ú‡K©i gva¨‡g †h we‡kl Ávb AR©b K‡ib| G ÁvbB g~jZ `x‡bi g~j|
Zv‡`i K_v I e¨vL¨vi Av‡jv‡KB KziAv‡bi wb‡`©kvwej MÖnY ev eR©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
cvkvcvwk Zviv `vwe K‡i †h, Avjx (iv) I Zuvi es‡ki BgvgMY I Zv‡`i eicÖvß IjxAvj­vnMY MvBex wel‡qi Ávb I
gZv iv‡Lb| wek¦ cwiPvjbv I g½j-Ag½‡ji gZv Zv‡`iB nv‡Z w`‡q w`‡q‡Qb gnvb Avj­vn| Kv‡RB Zv‡`i Kv‡Q
cÖv_©bv Kiv, MvBex ev A‡jŠwKK mvnvh¨ PvIqv cÖ‡qvRb| Zv‡`i ga¨¯’Zv Qvov Avj­vni Kv‡Q mivmvwi PvIqv DwPZ bq ...|
¯^fveZB Zviv G mKj wkiKx wek¦v‡mi c‡ KziAvb †_‡K †Kv‡bv `jxj †ck Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| mnxn nv`xm †Zv `~‡ii
K_v Zv‡`i g‡a¨ cÖPwjZ nv`xm †_‡KI Zviv †Kv‡bv `jxj †ck Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| wKš‘ wewfbœ Bgv‡gi bv‡g cÖPwjZ Rvj K_v,
KziAv‡bi Zvdmxi bv‡g cÖPwjZ wewfbœ Avwj‡gi gZvgZ, wewfbœ Avwj‡gi Kvkd, Bjnvg, BjKv BZ¨vw`‡K Zviv cÖgvY wn‡m‡e
†ck K‡i| e¯‘Z, Cgv‡bi Drm †_‡K GKevi gywgb‡K wePz¨Z Ki‡Z cvi‡j Zv‡K meB †Mjv‡bv m¤¢e|
kxqvM‡Yi cÖfvevaxb mgvR¸wj‡Z emevmiZ ÔmybœxÕ gymwjgI Zv‡`i G mKj AvKx`v Øviv cÖfvweZ n‡Z _v‡K|
we‡klZ µz‡mW hy× I ZvZvi Avµg‡bi c‡i wQbœwfbœ gymwjg mgv‡R Bjg I AvwjgM‡Yi KgwZi Kvi‡Y G mKj wkiKx
208

AvKx`v cÖmvi jvf Ki‡Z _v‡K|
5. 4. 4. GKRb kxqv Avwj‡gi Awfe¨w³
hy‡M hy‡M kxqvM‡Yi g‡a¨, we‡klZ g~javivi Øv`k Bgvg cš’x kxqvM‡Yi g‡a¨ A‡bK Avwj‡gi Avwef©ve N‡U‡Q hviv
KziAvb Kvix‡gi Dci wbf©i K‡i kxqv‡`i wewfbœ weåvwš— ms‡kvab Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ ¯^fveZB mvaviY gvbyl‡`i
AwZfw³, AÁZv, †cUc~Rvix Avwjg‡`i we‡ivwaZv BZ¨vw` Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i †Póv mdj nq wb| AvaywbK hy‡Mi Ggb GKRb
mycÖwm× kxqv Avwjg Bgvg W. g~mv Avj-g~mvex| wZwb Zvi †jLv ÔAvk-kxqvZz IqvZ ZvmnxnÕ A_©vr ÔkxqvMY I ms¯‹viÕ bvgK
MÖ‡š’ kxqv‡`i g‡a¨ cÖPwjZ AwZfw³ I wkiK m¤ú‡K© wKQz Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| ÔAvj-¸j~Õ ev AwZfw³ kxl©K Aa¨v‡q wZwb
e‡jb:
AwZfw³ ev mxgvj•Nb ïi“ nq wek¦v‡mi ga¨ w`‡q Ges †kl nq K‡g©i ga¨ w`‡q| wek¦v‡mi mxgvj•Nb n‡jv GKRb
gvbyl Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gvby‡li wel‡q aviYv Ki‡e †h, mvaviY gvbyl hv cv‡i bv Ggb KvivgZ, gywRhv ev A‡jŠwKK KvR †m
Ki‡Z mg| †hgb RxweZ ev g„Z †Kv‡bv gvby‡li wel‡q wek¦vm Kiv †h, wZwb Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gvby‡li Rxe‡b `ywbqv‡Z ev
AvwLiv‡Z g½j ev Ag½j G‡b w`‡Z cv‡ib A_ev fvj ev g›` †Kv‡bv cÖfve ivL‡Z cv‡ib|
wek¦v‡mi mxgvj•N‡bi g~j m~Î Avgv‡`i kxqv gZvej¤^x‡`i nv`x‡mi MÖš’vewj Ges Rxebx I Míg~jK MÖš’vewji g‡a¨ D‡j­L
K…Z Mí-Kvwnbxmg~n| G mKj M‡í Avgv‡`i BgvgMY, AvIwjqv‡q †Kivg I cxi-gvkvB‡Li bv‡g A¢yr A¢yZ A‡jŠwKK Kg©
m¤úv`‡bi K_v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| G¸wjB K‡g©i mxgvj•N‡bi cÖeYZv ˆZwi K‡i‡Q| mvaviY gvby‡liv BgvgMY, IjxMY I cxigvkvB‡Li
Kei-gvhv‡i †h‡q Zv‡`i mvg‡b wb‡R‡`i `vmZ¡, AmnvqZ¡ I fw³ cÖKvk K‡i Ges Zv‡`i bv‡g bhi-gvbZ †ck K‡i,
mivmwi Zv‡`i wbKU nvRZ †gUv‡bvi Ave`vi †ck K‡i Ges Av‡iv AMwYZ G RvZxq Kg© K‡i| G mKj K‡g©i KviY I Drm G
mKj Mí-Kvwnbx|
AwZfw³ ev mxgvj•N‡bi gvbexq cÖeYZv Agymwjg‡`i g‡a¨I i‡q‡Q| kxqv Qvov Ab¨vb¨ gymwjg wdiKv I Rb‡Mvôxi
g‡a¨I Zv‡`i Bgvg I IjxM‡Yi †‡Î Giƒc AwZfw³ I mxgvj•Nb we`¨gvb| ... Z‡e G †‡Î kxqvMYB AMÖMvgx Ges
ZvivB G me wKQzi m~Pbv K‡i‡Q| Gi KviY n‡jv Avgv‡`i cy¯—K¸wj‡Z hvPvB evQvB bv K‡i me Mí-Kvwnbx msKjb Kiv
n‡q‡Q Ges Avgv‡`i Avwjg I dKxnMY G¸wji wel‡q †Kv‡bv mgv‡jvPbv ev hvPvB evQvB g~jK K_v e‡jb bv| ... G mKj
Mí-Kvwnbx weï× bv ev‡bvqvU †m weZ‡K© bv †h‡qI mywbwðZ ejv hvq †h, G¸wj meB eyw×, we‡eK I hyw³i mv‡_
mvsNwl©K|....
BgvgMY I IjxM‡Yi bv‡g †h mKj D¢U Kvwnbx evbv‡bv n‡q‡Q †m¸wj ï‡b mš—vbnviv gv‡qiI nvwm cvq| Bgvg I
Ijx‡`i gh©v`v evov‡bvi Rb¨ G¸wj evbv‡bv n‡jI G¸wj g~jZ Zv‡`i gh©v` n«vm K‡i|...
Avgv‡`i AvwjgMY Bgvg‡`i BmgvZ ev wb®úvcZ¡ I wbf©yjZ¡ `vwe K‡ib| Zuviv Zuv‡`i Bjg jv`ybœx `vwe K‡i| Avwg
eywS bv G¸wji gva¨‡g wKfv‡e gvby‡li gh©v`v e„w× cvq? GKRb gvbyl †Kv‡bv cvc Kivi ev fyj Kivi gZvB iv‡L bv| A_ev
webv K‡ó Bjg jv`ybœx jv‡f wKfv‡e gh©v`v e„w× cvq? gvby‡li gh©v` †Zv ev‡o wb‡Ri †Póvq cvc †_‡K †eu‡P _vKv Ges wb‡Ri
†Póvq Bjg AR©b Kivq| Dciš‘ Zuviv `vwe K‡ib †h BgvgMY mKj MvBex welq Rv‡bb| †h KziAvb gywgb‡`i Rb¨ b~i I
†R¨vwZiƒ‡c bvwhj n‡q‡Q †m KziAv‡b ¯^qs ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wel‡q D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, wZwb MvBe Rvb‡Zb bv| Zvn‡j
Avgv‡`i gb¸wj wKfv‡e mvq †`q †h, Avgv‡`i Bgvg‡`i Rb¨ Ggb we‡klY `vwe Kie hv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi we‡kl‡Yi †P‡qI
eo?
Bgvg W. gymvex e‡jb: kxqv‡`i g‡a¨ BgvgMY I IjxM‡Yi wel‡q †h AwZfw³ I mxgvj•Nb we`¨gvb Zvi Ab¨Zg
w`M¸wj wbgœiƒc:
(1) Zuv‡`i BmgvZ (ﺔﻤﺼﻋ) ev wb®úvcZ¡ I wbf©yjZ¡ `vwe Kiv
(2) Zv‡`i Bjg jv`ybœx `vwe Kiv
(3) Zv‡`i Bjnvg-BjKv `vwe Kiv
(4) Zv‡`i gywRhv I KvivgZ ev A‡jŠwKK gZv `vwe Kiv
(5) Zv‡`i MvBex Bjg `vwe Kiv
(6) gvhv‡i Pzgy LvIqv Ges cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡bvi Avãvi Kiv
wZwb e‡jb, me©‡kl welqwU AwZfw³ I mxgvj•N‡bi e¨envwiK I Kg©MZ cÖKvk| Giv BgvgMY, IjxMY I cxi-gvkvB‡Li
Ke‡i †h‡q Zv‡`i wbKU `ywbqv I AvwLiv‡Zi nvRZ-cÖ‡qvRb †ck Ki‡Q Ges Zv †gUv‡bvi Avãvi Ki‡Q, mivmwi Zv‡`i wbKU
ÎvY cÖv_©bv Ki‡Q| GQvov G mKj gvRv‡i Pzgy LvIqvi welqwUI LyeB e¨vcK| gvRv‡i Pzgy LvIqvi wel‡q Avgv‡`i dKxn I
AvwjgM‡Yi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv I ZK© Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Avwg mZ¨B wei³ n‡q wM‡qwQ| Zviv GKB K_v evievi e‡j Giƒc K‡g©i IRi
†ck K‡ib| ivm~jyj­vn � KZ„©K nvRvi AvmIqv` ev KvevM„‡ni Kvj cv_‡i Pzgy LvIqvi mv‡_ Zviv Kei Pzgy LvIqvi Zzjbv K‡ib|
A_P ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi nvRv‡i AvmIqv‡` Pzgy LvIqv n‡jv we‡kl ¯’v‡b I we‡kl Bev`‡Zi mybœvZ, GwU †Kv‡bv mvaviY Aby‡gv`b ev
Kg© bq| G wel‡q Ljxdv Dgvi Bebyj LvËv‡ei (iv) e³e¨ cÖwYavb †hvM¨| wZwb nvRv‡i AvmIqv‡`i mvg‡b `vwo‡q e‡jb: Ò †n
cv_i, Avwg Rvwb †h, Zzwg cv_i Qvov wKQz bI, Zzwg †Kv‡bv wZI Ki‡Z cvi bv Ges DcKviI Ki‡Z cvi bv| ïay ivm~jyj­vn �
209

†Zvgv‡K Pz¤^b K‡i‡Qb ZvB †Zvgv‡K Pz¤^b KiwQ|Ó
GQvov ivm~jyj­vn � KvD‡K Zuvi n¯— Pz¤^b Ki‡Z †`b wb| eis wZwb gymvdvnv Ki‡Zb| GQvov Avgiv †Kv_vI cwo wb †h,
Bgvg Avjx (iv) KvD‡K Zuvi n¯— ev cwi‡aq Pz¤^b Ki‡Z w`‡q‡Qb| GKe¨w³ Bgvg Rvdi mvw`‡Ki jvwV Pz¤^b K‡i; KviY jvwVwU
wQj ¯^qs ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi| G‡Z ivMwš^Z n‡q Bgvg Rvdi mvw`K e‡jb: Ò... hv †Zvgvi †Kv‡bv wZI Ki‡Z cv‡i bv Ges
DcKviI Ki‡Z cv‡i bv †Kb Zv‡K Pz¤^b KiQ?Ó
Bgvg gymvex e‡jb: Avwg A‡bK gymwjg †`‡k AvIwjqv‡q †Kiv‡gi gvhv‡i wM‡qwQ| †mLv‡b †`‡LwQ †h, Avgv‡`i †`‡ki
kxqvMY BgvgM‡Yi gvhv‡i hv K‡i ZvivI Z_vq GKB Kg© K‡i| Avwg we‡k¦i A‡bK †`‡k L„÷vb‡`i MxR©vq wM‡qwQ| †mLv‡bI
†`‡LwQ †h Zviv GKBiƒc Kg© K‡i| AweKj GKBfv‡e Zviv Cmv gvmx‡ni (Av) cÖwZK…wZ ¯úk© K‡i ev gwiqg (Av)-Gi cv‡qi
Kv‡Q e‡m eiKZ MÖnY Ki‡Q| Giv gnvb Avj­v‡K GK cv‡k mwi‡q †i‡L Cmv gmxn I gwiqg (Av) Gi wbKU `ywbqv I AvwLiv‡Zi
nvRZ †ck Ki‡Q Ges mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Ki‡Q| Avwg †eŠ×‡`i, wkb‡Uv‡`i, wn›`y‡`i Ges wkL‡`i gw›`i ev ag©vj‡q wM‡qwQ|
gymwjg mgv‡Ri gvhv‡i Ges L„÷vb‡`i MxR©vq hv †`‡LwQ G mKj gw›`‡i ev ag©vj‡qI ZvB †`‡LwQ| Giv mK‡jB GKB fv‡e
gvhvi ev cÖwZK…wZi mvg‡b bhi-gvbZ ev DrmM© †ck Ki‡Q Ges wb‡R‡`i cÖ‡qvRb wgwU‡q †`Iqvi Avãvi Ki‡Q| gvhvicÖwZK…wZ‡Z
Pz¤^b Ki‡Q, gv_v SzwK‡q cÖYvg Rvbv‡”Q Ges G¸wji mvg‡b webq, fw³ I AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvk Ki‡Q|
Gfv‡e Avwg †`‡LwQ †h, AjxK Kíbv I wg_¨v aviYvi g‡a¨ mvZvi KvU‡Q gvbeZv| ...A_P KziAvb G wel‡q AZ¨š—
my¯úófv‡e w`K wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q| GKw`‡K evisevi D‡j­L K‡i‡Q †h, ¯^qs ivm~jyj­vn �-I †Kv‡bv MvBex Bjg ev gZvi
gvwjK bb, Aciw`‡K evisevi ejv n‡q‡Q †h, GKgvÎ gnvb Avj­vnB me Rv‡bb Ges me gZvi gvwjK Ges †KejgvÎ Zuvi
Kv‡QB †Zvgiv mvnvh¨ PvI| Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
(1) ÔÔej, Avj­vn hv B”Qv K‡ib Zv e¨ZxZ Avgvi wb‡Ri †Kv‡bv g½j ev Ag½j Kivi gZvI Avgvi †bB| Avwg
hw` MvBe RvbZvg Zvn‡j cÖf‚Z Kj¨vYB jvf KiZvg, Avi †Kvb Ag½j Avgv‡K ¯úk© Ki‡Z cvi‡Zv bv| Avwg †Zv
†KejgvÎ fqccÖ`k©bKvix Ges mymsev``vZv wek¦vmx m¤úÖ`v‡qi Rb¨|Ó 823
(2) ÔÔej, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K ewj bv †h, Avgvi Kv‡Q Avj­vni fvÊvimg~n i‡q‡Q, A`„k¨ (Mv‡qe) m¤^‡ÜI Avwg
AeMZ bB, Avi Avwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K GK_vI ewj bv h, Avwg wdwikZv| Avwg †Zv ïaygvÎ Avgvi cÖwZ †h Inx †cÖiY Kiv nq
ZviB AbymiY Kwi|ÕÕ 824
(3) Òej: Avj­vn e¨ZxZ AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_ex‡Z †KDB A`„k¨ (MvBe) wel‡qi Ávb iv‡L bv|Ó 825
(4) ÒAvgvi ev›`vMY hLb Avgi m¤^‡Ü †Zvgv‡K cÖkœ K‡i, Avwg †Zv wbK‡UB| AvnŸvbKvix hLb Avgv‡K AvnŸvb K‡i
ZLb Avwg Zvi AvnŸv‡b mvov w`B|Ó 826
(5) ÒAvwgB gvbyl‡K m„wó K‡iwQ Ges Zvi cÖe„wË Zv‡K †h Kzgš¿Yv †`q Zv Avwg Rvwb| Avwg Zvi MÖxevw¯’Z agbx
A‡cvI wbKUZi|Ó 827
W. g~mvex e‡jb, G N„Y¨ Ae¯’v †_‡K gyw³ jv‡fi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i (kxqv m¤cÖ`v‡qi) Avwjg‡`iB c`‡c wb‡Z n‡e
Ges Avgv‡`i cy¯—K¸wj‡K hvPvB evQvB K‡i Aï× I Rvj Kvwnbx¸wj ev` w`‡q cÖKvk Ki‡Z n‡e| wZwb G welqK wewfbœ
g~jbxwZ D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| 828
5. 4. 5. wkiK‡K ˆeaZv `v‡bi cÖeYZv
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Bn~`x, L„÷vb Ges gykwiKMY wdwikZvMY, bexMY, wRbœMY I cÖK…Z ev KvíwbK IjxM‡Yi Bev`Z
KiZ| Zv‡`i wek¦vm wQj †h, G mKj ev›`v‡K gnvb Avj­vn wKQz ÔgZvÕ cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| G‡`i gva¨‡g Avj­vni ‰bKU¨ jvf
Ki‡Z nq| G‡`i mycvwik Avj­vn ï‡bb| Giƒc i“e~weq¨v‡Zi wki‡Ki wfwˇZ Zviv Bev`‡Zi wkiK KiZ| Zviv mvaviY wec`
Avc` I cÖ‡qvR‡b G‡`i‡K WvKZ, G‡`i Kv‡Q mvnvh¨ I ÎvY cÖv_©bv KiZ, G‡`i bv‡g gvbZ, bhi, DrmM©, Kzievbx BZ¨vw`
KiZ, G‡`i gywZ© ev ¯§„wZweRwoZ ¯’v‡b mvR`v KiZ, G‡`i Dci ZvIqv°zj KiZ, fq, fvjevmv, AvbyMZ¨ BZ¨vw` wel‡q Zviv
wkiK KiZ|
Bn~`x lohš¿Kvix Ges Zv‡`i Abymvix G mKj weåvš— kxqv m¤cÖ`v‡qi gvby‡liv AweKj GKB hyw³‡Z Ges GKB
cÖKv‡ii wkiK gymwjg mgv‡R cÖPjb K‡i| Z‡e ¯^fveZB Zviv Zv‡`i Abymvix‡`i eySvb †h, G mKj welq KL‡bvB wkiK
bq| eis G¸wj bex, bex es‡ki gvbyl‡`i I Ijx‡`i cÖwZ gh©v`v cÖ`k©b gvÎ| Avi hviv Gfv‡e bex-cwievi, BgvgMY ev
IjxM‡Yi wel‡q ÔïfaviYvÕ †cvlY K‡i bv, Zv‡`i Wv‡K bv ev Zv‡`i gva¨‡g Qvov mivmwi Avj­vn‡K Wv‡K Zviv †eqv`e I
210

ex-es‡ki AegvbbvKvix|
µgvš^‡q mvaviY gymwjg mgv‡RI G‡`i hyw³¸wj cÖPvi I cÖmvi jvf Ki‡Z _v‡K| mvaviYZ wki‡Ki Øviv hviv
RvMwZK fv‡e jvfevb nb †m mKj gvby‡liv Ges A‡bK mijcÖvY †bKKvi gvbyl I Avwjg wewfbœ weåvwš—i wkKvi n‡q wewfbœ
hyw³ w`‡q G mKj wkiK‡K ˆeaZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| Zv‡`i A‡b‡KB `vwe K‡ib †h, gnvb Avj­vn gymwjg D¤§vZ‡K cÖksmv
K‡i‡Qb Ges m‡e©vËg D¤§vZ e‡j‡Qb| ivm~jyj­vn � fwel¨ØvYx K‡i‡Qb †h, G D¤§vZ wKqvgZ ch©š— n‡°i Dci _vK‡e| G
mKj AvqvZ I nv`xm †_‡K eySv hvq †h, G D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ wkiK-Kzdi cÖ‡ek Ki‡e bv| Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q GKwU nv`x‡m Avgiv
†`‡LwQ †h, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb: ÒAvgv‡K c„w_exi fvÊvimg~‡ni Pvwe¸wj A_ev wZwb e‡jb, Avgv‡K c„w_exi Pvwe¸wj cÖ`vb
Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Avj­vni Kmg, Avwg G fq cvB bv †h, Avgvi c‡i †Zvgiv wkiK Ki‡e, eis fq cvB †h, †Zvgiv c„w_exi
fvÊvimg~n wb‡q cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq wjß n‡e|Ó
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Rvwei (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
211
�ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﹺﺵﻴﹺﺭ�ﺤﱠﺘﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﹺﺏ�ﺭ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺓ�ﺭﻴﹺﺯ�ﺠ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭﱡﻠ�ﺼ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﺱ�ﻴَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻗ �ﻥﺎﹶﻁ�ﻴﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
ÒkqZvb wbivk n‡q‡Q †h, Avie DcØx‡c gymvj­xMY Zvi Bev`Z Ki‡e| Z‡e Zv‡`i g‡a¨ kΓZv I nvbvnvwb
_vK‡e|Ó 829
Zviv `vwe K‡ib †h, G mKj nv`xm cÖgvY K‡i †h, gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ wkiK cÖ‡ek Ki‡e bv| e¯‘Z GmKj mvaviY
dhxjZ ÁvcK AvqvZ ev nv`x‡mi A_© mvaviYfv‡e D¤§v‡Zi gh©v`v cÖKvk Kiv| D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv Kvwdi, gykwiK ev gybvwdK
_vK‡e bv, †KD Kzdix, wkiK ev wbdv‡K wjß n‡e bv Giƒc K_v G mKj nv`xm †_‡K cÖgvY Kiv GKvš—B weåvwš— Qvov wKQzB bq|
Ab¨vb¨ AMwYZ nv`x‡m weåvwš—i K_v Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| GQvov BwZnvm I ev¯—eZv mv¨ †`q †h, fÊ bexMY, gyiZv`MY I wewfbœ
weåvš— m¤cÖ`vq Avie DcØx‡c I gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ my¯úófv‡eB kqZv‡bi Bev`Z K‡i‡Q Ges wkiK-Kzd‡i wjß n‡q‡Q|
wkiKx Kg©¸wji c‡ Zv‡`i †KD ej‡Z _v‡Kb †h, Avj­vn‡K hZY iveŸyj Avjvgxb ev GKgvÎ mªóv I me©kw³gvb e‡j
wek¦vm Ki‡Q ZZY Zv‡K gykwiK ejv hvq bv| †KD e‡jb, bex-es‡ki BgvgMY ev IjxMY‡K †Zv Giv mªóv ev cÖwZcvjK e‡j
wek¦vm K‡i bv, Giv ¯^qs †Kv‡bv gZv iv‡Lb ZvI e‡j bv| eis Zviv wek¦vm K‡i †h, gnvb Avj­vni gZv‡ZB Zviv gZvevb
Ges Avj­vnB Zv‡`i Giƒc gZv w`‡q‡Qb| Kv‡RB G wek¦vm wkiK bq| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, G¸wj hw` wkiK bv nq Z‡e Bn~`x,
L„÷vb I Avi‡ei gykwiK‡`i‡KI gykwiK ejv hvq bv| Zviv my¯úófv‡eB gnvb Avj­vn‡K GKgvÎ cÖwZcvjK I me©kw³gvb e‡j
wek¦vm KiZ Ges kixKMY‡K Avj­vnB gZv w`‡q‡Qb e‡j `vwe KiZ| wKš‘ KziAvb I nv`xm m¤ú‡K© AÁZv Ges cÖPwjZ wewfbœ
gZvg‡Zi cÖvav‡b¨i Kvi‡Y A‡b‡KB Giƒc gZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb|
A‡b‡K e‡j‡Qb †h, Giv hLb BgvgMY ev IjxMY‡K Wv‡K ev Zv‡`i Kv‡Q MvBex mvnvh¨ Pvq ZLb g~jZ Avj­vni
Kv‡QB Pvq, G mKj †bK gvby‡li bvg wb‡q g~jZ G‡`i Imxjv w`‡q Zviv Avj­vni Kv‡Q Pvq| Avgiv mn‡RB eyS‡Z cvwi
†h, Kv‡iv Imxjv w`‡q Avj­vni Kv‡Q PvIqv Avi Kv‡iv Kv‡Q PvIqvi g‡a¨ Avmgvb I Rwg‡bi cv_©K¨| †KD hw` e‡j, †n
Avj­vn, Avjx (iv) ev Agy‡Ki Imxjvq Avcwb Avgvi cÖ‡qvRb wgwU‡q w`b, Z‡e †m g~jZ Avj­vni wbK‡UB Pv‡”Q, Imxjv
c×wZ m¤ú‡K© Avgiv c‡i Av‡jvPbv Kie| Avi †h ej‡Q, †n Avjx, †n Aveyj Lvgxm, †n AveŸvm, †n AgyK Avgv‡K wec`
†_‡K D×vi Ki“b, †m g~jZ Zvi AvnŸvbK…Z e¨w³‡K MvBex Ávb I gZvi AwaKvix e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡Q Zvi Bev`Z Ki‡Q|
5. 4. 6. mybœvZB bvRv‡Zi GKgvÎ mywbwðZ c_
me‡P‡q eo K_v †h, G mKj wek¦vm I K‡g©i cÖ‡qvRb Kx? KziAv‡b wK Giƒc wek¦vm ev K‡g©i wel‡q my¯úó wb‡`©k
Av‡Q? ivm~jyj­vn � wK G wel‡q my¯úó wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb? KziAv‡b I nv`x‡m hZUzKz Av‡Q Zvi AwZwi³ wKQz ejvi `iKvi
Kx? mvnvexMY wK Giƒc Ki‡Zb? bex, Ijx, KvivgZ, Avnjy evBZ BZ¨vw`i wel‡q mvnvexMY wK ej‡Zb? wK Ki‡Zb?
wKfv‡e Zuviv fw³ cÖKvk Ki‡Zb? AweKj Zuv‡`i gZ wek¦vm I Kg© wb‡q wK Avj­vni mš‘wó I mKj Kj¨vY jvf m¤¢e bq?
hw` m¤¢e nq Z‡e Ab¨ wKQzi cÖ‡qvRb Kx?
e¯‘Z, gywg‡bi bvRv‡Zi GKwUB c_, Zv n‡jv, KziAvb I mybœv‡Zi c‡_ wd‡i Avmv| wek¦v‡m, K‡g© I K_vq mybœvZ I
mvnvexM‡Yi ûeû AbymiYB bvRv‡Zi GKvgÎ mywbwðZ c_| mybœv‡Zi cwiPq, ¸i“Z¡ I cÖKvi‡f` m¤ú‡K© Avgiv cieZ©x Aa¨v‡q
Av‡jvPbv Kie, Bbkv Avj­vn|
5. 4. 7. kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn gynvwÏm †`njexi AwfgZ
kxq mgvR¸wj‡Z Ges Ab¨vb¨ mgv‡R cÖPwjZ wkiKx wek¦vm I Kg© m¤ú‡K© kxqv Bgvg W. g~mv Avj-gymvexi e³e¨
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ| ÔmybœxÕ mgvR¸wji g‡a¨ cÖPwjZ wki‡Ki D‡b¥l I cÖPjb m¤ú‡K© kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn gynvwÏm
†`njfxi (ivn) wKQz e³e¨ Avgiv Av‡jvPbv Kie|
wZwb Zuviv ÔAvj-dvIhyj KvexiÕ MÖ‡š’ wZwb Avi‡ei gykwiK‡`i wkiK eY©bv cÖm‡½ e‡jb: ÒwkiK n‡jv Avj­vni Rb¨
wba©wiZ †Kv‡bv we‡klY ev ¸Y Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv g‡a¨ we`¨gvb e‡j wek¦vm Kiv| †hgb wb‡Ri B”Qvq m„wóRM‡Zi

cwiPvjbvi gZv, †h gZv‡K ÔnI ej‡j n‡q hvIqvÕ ejv nq, A_ev wbR¯^ Bjg ev Ávb, †h Ávb †Póv K‡i Bw›`ª‡qi
gva¨‡g AwR©Z bq, Ávbeyw×i cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g AwR©Z bq, ev ¯^cœ ev Bjnv‡gi gva¨‡gI cÖvß bq, ev Abyiƒc Bw›`ªqMÖvn¨ ev
AvZ¥xK †Kv‡bv m~Î ev gva¨g Qvov wbR¯^ mËvMZ Ávb, A_ev Amy¯’ gvbyl‡K my¯’ Kivi gZv, A_ev Kv‡iv Dci A‡jŠwKK
†µva ev Awfkv‡ci gZv, †h †µva ev Awfkv‡ci d‡j mswk­ó e¨w³ `wi`ª, Amy¯’ ev nZfvM¨ n‡q hv‡e, A_ev †Kv‡bv
e¨w³‡K Ki“Yv Kivi ev Zvi cÖwZ mš‘ó nIqvi gZv †h Ki“Yv ev mš‘wói Kvi‡Y mswk­ó e¨w³ abx, my¯’ ev †mŠfvM¨evb I
wbivc` n‡q hv‡e| G mKj gykwiK wek¦m„wói e¨vcv‡i Ges we‡k¦i we„nr welq¸wj cwiPvjbvi e¨cv‡i Avj­vni †Kv‡bv kixK
Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm KiZ bv| Zviv GK_vI ¯^xKvi KiZ †h, Avj­vn hw` †Kv‡bv wKQzi wm×vš— †bb ev †Kv‡bv welq wba©viY
K‡ib Z‡e Zv cwieZ©b ev †iva Kivi gZvI Kv‡iviB †bB| Zviv †KejgvÎ we‡kl wKQz wel‡q wKQz ev›`v‡K kixK KiZ|
KviY Zviv g‡b KiZ †h, GKRb gnvivR Zvi `vm‡`i‡K Ges Zvi wbKUeZ©x wcÖq gvbyl‡`i‡K Zvi iv‡R¨i wewfbœ GjvKvq
wKQz †QvULvU `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Rb¨ †cÖiY K‡ib Ges cieZ©x wb‡`©k bv †`Iqv ch©š— GmKj †QvULvU welq wb‡R‡`i B”QvgZ
cwiPvjbv Kivi gZv Zv‡`i‡K cÖ`vb K‡ib|
... G Rb¨ Zviv g‡b KiZ †h, G mKj ˆbKU¨cÖvß ev›`v‡`i ˆbKU¨jv‡fi †Póv Kiv Ri“ix, †hb Zv cÖK…Z gnviv‡Ri
wbKU Zv‡`i Keywjq¨v‡Zi Imxjv n‡Z cv‡i| Avi wnmve I cÖwZd‡ji mgq G‡`i kvdvÔAvZ gnvb Avj­vni `iev‡i
Keywj¨qvZ I MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv cv‡e| ..... †n cvVK, gykwiK‡`i AvKx`v I Kg© m¤ú‡K© G mKj weei‡Yi mZ¨Zv m¤ú‡K© hw`
Avcwb wbwðZ n‡Z Pvb Z‡e G hy‡Mi Kzms¯‹viMÖ¯— I weåvš— gvbyl‡`i w`‡K `„wócvZ Ki“b| we‡kl K‡i hvi gymwjg †`‡ki
cÖv‡š— ev mxgv‡š— emevm K‡i| j¨ K‡i †`Lyb †h, Ijx ev †ejvqvZ m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i aviYv wK? Zviv cÖvPxb IjxM‡Yi
†ejvqv‡Zi ¯^xK…wZ †`q wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b Avi Gfv‡e Ijx nIqv Zviv m¤¢e e‡j g‡b K‡i bv| Zviv Kei I Ijx‡`i `iRvq
†h‡q c‡o _v‡K Ges wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii wkiK, we`ÔAvZ I wfwËnxb Kzms¯‹v‡ii g‡a¨ Zviv wbgMœ|
Avi‡ei gykwiKMY †hfv‡e Beivnxg (Av)-Gi `xb‡K weK…Z K‡iwQj Ges gnvb Avj­vn‡K gvby‡li mv‡_ Zzjbv
K‡iwQj Abyiƒc weK…wZ I Zzjbvi g‡a¨ Giv AvKÉ wbgw¾Z| ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb: Ò‡Zvgiv Aek¨B †Zvgv‡`i c~e©eZ©x‡`i
ixwZ AbymiY Ki‡e|Ó 830 G nv`xmwU G‡`i wel‡q cy‡ivcywiB Lv‡U| c~e©eZ©x gykwiKMY hZ cÖKv‡ii weåvwš— ev wdZbvq
wbcwZZ n‡qwQj †m¸wji meB gymwjg bvgavix †Kv‡bv bv †Kvbv m¤cÖ`v‡qi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb| Zviv GmKj wki‡Ki Mfx‡i
wbgw¾Z i‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn Avgv‡`i‡K iv Ki“b|Ó 831
Gici wZwb KziAv‡bi Av‡jv‡K Bn~`x‡`i weåvwš— Av‡jvPbvi ci e‡jb: Òme©ve¯’vq, cvVK hw` Bn~`x‡`i G mKj weåvwš—i
bgybv gymwjg D¤§vni ga¨ †`L‡Z Pvb Z‡e Amr AvwjgMY Ges `ywbqvi ¯^v‡_©i AbymÜvbKvix‡`i w`‡K ZvKvb| wcZv-wcZvgn‡`i
AÜ AbyKiY G‡`i Kv‡Q AZ¨š— wcÖqKg©| gnvb Avj­vni wKZve I Zuvi gnvb ivm~‡ji � mybœvZ Giv ZZUv ¸i“Z¡ †`q bv|
AvwjgMY wbR¯^ gZvgZ, hyw³ZK©, AKviY evovevwo I MfxiZvi bv‡g †m mKj gZvgZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb †m¸wjB Zv‡`i `wjj,
A_P KziAvb I mybœv‡Z G mKj gZvg‡Zi †Kv‡bviƒc m~Î ev wfwË cvIqv hvq bv| Giv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi cÖgvwYZ I mnxn evYx ev`
w`‡q Rvj, ev‡bvqvU ev gvDh~ nv`x‡mi Dci wbf©i K‡i Ges wfwËnxb ev‡R e¨vL¨v I Zvdmx‡ii wcQ‡b †`uŠovq|Ó 832
Gici wZwb KziAv‡bi Av‡jv‡K L„÷vb‡`i weåvwš— Av‡jvPbv K‡i e‡jb: ÒAvcwb hw` G mKj weåvš— c_åó‡`i bgybv
wb‡Ri KvI‡gi g‡a¨ †`L‡Z Pvb Z‡e Avcbvi mgv‡Ri ÔIjx-Avj­vnÕ‡`i mš—vb‡`i A‡b‡Ki w`‡K ZvKvb| Zv‡`i wel‡q G‡`i
aviYv I AvKx`v ch©v‡jvPbv Ki“b| Zvn‡j eyS‡Z cvi‡eb †h, †Kvb& ch©v‡q Giv †cuŠ‡Q‡Q| ÔAvi AwP‡iB RvwjgMY Rvb‡e †h,
Zv‡`i wK cwiYwZ n‡e 833 |Ó 834
5. 5. gymwjg mgv‡R cÖPwjZ wkiK-Kzdi
B‡Zvc~‡e© Avgiv KziAvb-nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K ZrKvjxb Avie I Bn~`x L„÷vb‡`i g‡a¨ cÖPwjZ i“e~weq¨vZ I Dj~wnq¨v‡Zi
wkiK m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ| Gici Avi mgv‡R cÖPwjZ wkiK m¤ú‡K© we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbvi cÖ‡qvRb _v‡K bv| KviY G¸wji
Av‡jv‡K mgv‡R cÖPwjZ wkiK m¤ú‡K© cwiPq jvf Kiv LyeB mnR| Zv m‡Ë¡I GLv‡b kxqvMY Ges mggbv gvbyl‡`i cÖPvwiZ
wewfbœ wkiKx wek¦vm I Kg© m¤ú‡K© ms‡‡c Av‡jvPbv Kie| gnvb Avj­vni ZvIdxK I Keywjq¨vZ cÖv_©bv KiwQ|
5. 5. 1. i“e~weq¨v‡Zi wkiK
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© i“e~weq¨v‡Zi ZvInx` Ges i“e~weq¨v‡Zi wkiK m¤ú‡K© we¯—vwiZ Avv‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| i“e~weq¨v‡Zi ev
cÖwZcvj‡bi ZvInx‡`i g~j n‡jv, †h G wek¦ cwiPvjbv, m„wó, webvk, aŸsm, wih&K, m¤ú`, my¯’Zv, Amy¯’Zv, m”QjZv,
Am”QjZv, Kj¨vY, AKj¨vY BZ¨vw` mKj wKQzi gZv GKgvÎ gnvb Avj­vniB| G gZvq †KD Zvi kixK bq Ges wZwb
212

wb‡RI KvD‡K KL‡bv Zuvi G gZvq kixK K‡ib wb| Avj­vni bexMY, IjxMY, wdwikZvMY Avj­vni wcÖq ev›`v| Avj­vn G
mKj ev›`v‡K fvjev‡mb, `qv K‡i Zuv‡`i `yÔAv B”Qv Ki‡j Keyj K‡ib, Zuv‡`i‡K B”Qv Ki‡j mycvwik Kivi my‡hvM w`‡eb,
B”Q Ki‡j Zv‡`i mycvwik Keyj Ki‡Z cv‡ib, Z‡e KvD‡K †Kv‡bv gZv †`b wb, Zuvi †Kv‡bv mvnvh¨Kvixi cÖ‡qvRb †bB|
Avj­vn wdwikZv‡`i‡K A‡bK `vwqZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb, wKš‘ Zuv‡`i‡K †Kv‡bv gZv †`b wb| Avi †Kv‡bv gvbyl‡K wZwb †Kv‡bv
gZv ev `vwqZ¡ wKQB †`b wb|
Avi G ch©v‡qi wki‡Ki g~j n‡jv gywRhv, KvivgZ, kvdvÔAvZ welqK AvqvZ, Avj­vni gvne~weq¨vZ welqK K_v
BZ¨vw`‡K c~wR K‡i GK_v g‡b Kiv †h, Avj­vni †Kv‡bv ev›`v †Kv‡bv we‡kl K‡g©i Kvi‡Y ev we‡kl ch©v‡q gnvb Avj­vn
†_‡K wb‡Ri B”QvgZ e¨envi Kivi †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK gZv, wek¦cwiPvjbvq n¯—‡c ev Kj¨vY-AKj¨v‡Yi gZv jvf
K‡i‡Qb, K‡ib ev Ki‡eb| G wel‡q wewfbœ gykwiK m¤cÖ`v‡qi wek¦vm I hyw³ Ges KziAvb-nv`x‡mi e³e¨ Avgiv †`‡LwQ|
GLb Avgiv G wel‡q mgv‡R cÖPwjZ wKQz welq Av‡jvPbv Kie|
5. 5. 1. 1. gZv welqK wkiK
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e †`‡LwQ †h, gnvb Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ †KD RvMwZK DcKiYvw` Qvov wb‡Ri B”Qvq A‡jŠwKKfv‡e
Kv‡iv g½j-Ag½j Ki‡Z cv‡i, †n`vqvZ ev c_åó Ki‡Z cv‡i, wec` `vb Ki‡Z ev `~i Ki‡Z cv‡i, e„wó w`‡Z ev eÜ
Ki‡Z cv‡i, Rvbœv‡Z ev Rvnvbœv‡g wb‡Z ev †ei Ki‡Z cv‡i, Rxeb, g„Zz¨, m”QjZv, Am”QjZv, my¯’Zv, Amy¯’Zv, wih&K
BZ¨vw` wel‡q †Kv‡bviƒc n¯—‡c Ki‡Z cv‡i e‡j wek¦vm Kiv n‡jv Avj­vni i“e~weq¨v‡Zi wkiK| Avi‡ei gykwiKMY G
mKj wel‡q gnvb Avj­vni GK”QÎ gZvq wek¦vm KiZ, Z‡e Avj­vn Zuvi †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv ev›`v‡K Giƒc mxgve× gZv
w`‡q‡Q e‡j wek¦vm KiZ| kxqv‡`i g‡a¨ Avjx (iv), Zuvi es‡ki BgvgMY, BgvgM‡Yi LjxdvMY, Zv‡`i ga¨Kvi Ijx-
Avj­vnMY I cxi-gvkvB‡Li wel‡q Ggb AMwYZ D¢U KíKvwnbx ewY©Z n‡q‡Q hv †_‡K mvaviY gvbyl‡`i g‡a¨ Giƒc wek¦vm
Rb¥ wb‡q‡Q †h, G mKj gvbyl Giƒc wKQz gZv iv‡Lb| kxqv‡`i cÖfv‡e mybœx mgv‡RI Giƒc wkiKx wek¦vm cÖmvi jvf
K‡i‡Q| we‡klZ Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g Aa© mnmª erm‡ii c‡i, µz‡mW I ZvZvi Avµgb PjvKvjxb I cieZ©x mgq¸wj‡Z †jLv
AvIwjqvM‡Yi Rxebx, Zuv‡`i bv‡g cÖPwjZ A‡bK K_vevZ©v †_‡K Giƒc A‡bK wek¦vm mvaviY gvbyl‡`i g‡a¨ R‡b¥‡Q| g~jZ
G mKj Mí,Kvwnbx I G mKj hy‡Mi †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwj‡gi K_vB G mKj wki‡Ki c‡i Ô`jxjÕ|
Avgiv Rvwb †h, Bev`‡Zi wkiK ev K‡g©i wki‡Ki Drm n‡jv i“e~weq¨v‡Zi wkiK ev Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv †Kv‡bv Kj¨vY ev
AKj¨v‡bi A‡jŠwKK gZv Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm Kiv| Giƒc wek¦vmB gvbyl‡K Giƒc gZvai‡K Bev`Z Ki‡Z ev Zuv‡K ÔP~ovš— I
A‡jŠwKKfv‡e fw³ Ki‡Z I Zuvi Kv‡Q wb‡Ri P~ovš— webq I AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvkÕ Ki‡Z DØy× K‡i| GRb¨ KziAvb Kvix‡g G
welqK weåvwš— AZ¨š— my¯úófv‡e `~i Kiv n‡q‡Q| evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wdwikZv, bex, Ijx
KvD‡K †Kv‡bviƒc gZv †`Iqv nqwb| ¯^qs ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi wel‡qI evisevi †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, Zuvi `vwqZ¡ cÖPvi I
`xb cÖwZôv| Kv‡iv †n`vqvZ, fvj, g›`, Kj¨vY, AKj¨vY BZ¨vw`i †Kv‡bviƒc `vwqZ¡, AwaKvi ev gZvi Sv‡gjv gnvb Avj­vn
Zuv‡K cÖ`vb K‡ib wb| KziAvb Kvix‡gi G welqK wewfbœ wb‡`©kbv Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© wewfbœ ¯’v‡b D‡j­L K‡iwQ|
KziAvb Kvixg I Z`m‡½ cÖwm× mnxn nv`xm MÖš’¸wji cvV I Aa¨q‡bi AfveB gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ Giƒc wki‡Ki
cÖmv‡ii g~j KviY| GRb¨ G mKj wkiKx wek¦v‡mi c‡ hviv cÖPvi K‡ib Zviv KL‡bvB KziAvb Kvixg ev nv`xm kixd
†_‡K GKwU my¯úó ب_©nxb e³e¨I †ck Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv †h, gnvb Avj­vn AgyK Avqv‡Z e‡j‡Qb ev AgyK nv`x‡m ejv
n‡q‡Q †h, wZwb Zuvi †Kv‡bv ev›`v‡K wek¦ cwiPvjbv ev Kj¨vY-AKj¨v‡Yi †Kv‡bv gZv cÖ`vb K‡ib ev K‡i‡Qb, A_ev
AgyK ch©v‡q †h e¨w³B †cuŠQv‡e †m e¨w³B ¯^qswµqfv‡e AgyK ch©v‡qi gZv jvf Ki‡e....| G wel‡q hv wKQz Ô`jxjÕ †ck
Kiv nq meB Bmjv‡gi eiKZgq hyM¸wji c‡i kxqv‡`i cÖfv‡e D¢vweZ wewfbœ RbkÖ“wZ, Mí-Kvwnbx, wewfbœ eyRy‡M©i bv‡g
cÖPvwiZ K_vevZ©v I cieZ©x hyM¸wji †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwj‡gi gZvgZ gvÎ, hv meB KziAvb Kvixg I mnxn nv`x‡mi mv‡_
my¯úófv‡e mvsNwl©K|
KziAvb Kvix‡gi AMwYZ Avqv‡Zi my¯úó e³‡e¨i wecix‡Z, AmsL¨ mnxn gyZvIqvwZi I Avnv` nv`x‡mi my¯ú®ú I
ب_©nxb e³‡e¨i wecix‡Z Kw_Z G mKj wfwËnxb ev‡bvqvU K_vi DׄwZ †`Iqv, Av‡jvPbv Kiv ev LÊb KivI cvMjvwg e‡j
g‡b nq| †hgb Zviv e‡jb: ÒAvj­vn e‡j‡Qb: †n gynv¤§v` (�), mevB Avgvi mš‘wó Zvjvk K‡i, Avi Avwg Avcbvi mš‘wó
Zvjvk Kwi, Avwg Avik †_‡K dvivk ch©š— Avgvi mKj ivRZ¡ Avcbvi Rb¨ DrmM© K‡iwQ| Avcbvi ûKg P›`ª I m~‡h©i Dci
Kvh©Ki; Avcbvi cyÎ Avãyj Kvw`i Rxjvbx‡K mvjvg bv w`‡q m~h© Dw`Z n‡Z cv‡i bv| ...|Ó
m¤§vwbZ cvVK, G K_v¸wji wel‡q Avcwb Kx ej‡eb? gnvb Avj­vn G K_v¸wj e‡j‡Qb Zv Avgiv wKfv‡e Rvbjvg?
Avgiv Rvwb †h, Kvkd, Bjnvg, ¯^cœ BZ¨vw` Bmjv‡gi †Kv‡bv `jxj bq Ges AvKx`vi wfwË bq| bex-ivm~‡ji wbKU †cÖwiZ
Inxi gva¨‡g Qvov Avj­vni †Kv‡bv K_v Avgiv Rvb‡Z cwi bv| gnvb Avj­vn gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi Dc‡i †h Inx bvwhj
K‡i‡Qb- KziAvb I nv`xm- Zvi g‡a¨ G K_v †Kv_vI †bB| Zvn‡j wK Zuviv g‡b K‡ib †h, gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi c‡i †Kv‡bv
bexi wbKU G K_v¸wj Avj­vn Inx K‡i Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb? bv n‡j Avgiv wKfv‡e Rvbjvg? we‡klZ KziAvb I nv`x‡m Avj­vn hv
wKQz e‡j‡Qb me wKQzi mv‡_ mvsNwl©K G K_v¸wj| KziAvb I nv`x‡m evisevi ejv n‡q‡Q GKgvÎ Avj­vni ûKz‡g Puv`-m~h© I
mKj wKQz P‡j, gnvwe‡k¦i ivRZ¡ GKgvÎ Avj­vni| Avj­vn Zuvi wcÖq nvexe‡K fvjg›` ev wek¦ cwiPvjbvi †Kv‡bv Sv‡gjv
213

cÖ`vb K‡ib wb| GgbwK e`‡`vqv Ki‡Z ch©š— wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| G mKj K_vi wecix‡Z G K_v¸wj gnvb Avj­vni bv‡g hviv
ej‡Z cv‡ib Zuv‡`i mv‡_ Avcwb wK K_v ej‡eb? G wel‡q I Ab¨vb¨ mKj wel‡qB Zuv‡`i mKj e³e¨ I mKj `jx‡jiB
Ae¯’v GB|
GgbwK †Kv‡bv mvnvex ev Zvweqx †_‡KI G mKj K_vi †Kv‡bviƒc mvgvb¨Zg mg_©b cvIqv hvq bv| gymwjg D¤§vni
wdZbvi hy‡M †Kv‡bv fvj ev Lvivc gvbyl G¸wj e‡j‡Qb| Gi wecixZ, Gi mv‡_ mvsNwl©K, G¸wj LÊb K‡i, G¸wj mg_©b
K‡i A_ev Gi †P‡qI A‡bK evovevwo K_v Zv‡`i gZ Av‡iv A‡bK fvj I g›` gvby‡l e‡j‡Qb| hviv e‡j‡Qb Zv‡`i Rb¨
Avgiv myaviYv †cvlY Ki‡Z cvwi, IRi mÜvb Ki‡Z cvwi, wKš‘ KL‡bvB KziAvb I nv`x‡mi AMwYZ my¯úó wb‡`©kbvi mv‡_
my¯úófv‡e mvsNwl©K G mKj K_v‡K Avgv‡`i wek¦v‡mi wfwË evbv‡Z cwi bv|
5. 5. 1. 2. Bjg welqK wkiK
Bjgyj MvB‡ei `vwe KLb I wKfv‡e wkiK ev Kzdi e‡j MY¨ Zv Avgiv KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K wki‡Ki
Av‡jvPbv cÖm‡½ D‡j­L K‡iwQ| Bn~`x Avãyj­vn& weby mvev Ges Zuvi Abymvix‡`i wg_¨v cÖPviYvq weåvš— n‡q kxqvMY Avjx (iv),
Zuvi es‡ki BgvgMY, IjxMY I cxi-gvkvB‡Li wel‡q Bjgyj MvB‡ei wek¦vm †cvlY K‡i| G wel‡q kxqv Bgvg W. gymvexi e³e¨
Avgiv Dc‡i †`‡LwQ|
Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Bjg welqK Av‡jvPbvq Ges G Aa¨v‡q i“e~weq¨v‡Zi wkiK Av‡jvPbv cÖm‡½ Avgiv
G welqK KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wb‡`©kbv D‡j­L K‡iwQ| G mKj my¯úó I ب_©nxb wb‡`©kbvi wecix‡Z kxqvMY Ges Zv‡`i
mggbv I Zv‡`i gZvgZ Øviv cÖfvweZ mybœx mgv‡Ri G †kªYxi gvby‡liv hv wKQz e‡jb Zv meB Dc‡ii Aby‡”Q‡` D‡j­wLZ
e³‡e¨i gZ AvR¸we I ev‡bvqvU K_vevZ©v, Mí Kvwnbx, Kvkd ev ¯^‡cœi K_v Ges †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwj‡gi gZvgZ I e¨vL¨v
gvÎ| KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wb‡`©kbvi wecix‡Z KziAvb I nv`x‡mi my¯úó Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wb‡`©kbv Av‡jvPbv Kiv I mgš^q Kiv
hvq| wKš‘ KziAvb I nv`x‡mi my¯úó wb‡`©kbvi wecix‡Z Giƒc Mí-Kvwnbx, ¯^cœ, Kvkd ev AvwjgM‡Yi gZvgZ Av‡jvPbv
Kiv g~jZ KziAvb-nv`x‡mi mv‡_ †eqv`ex Ges mgq bó Kiv Qvov wKQzB bq|
Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv Bjgyj MvBe Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm Kivi fqvenZv eY©bv K‡i Avj­vgv †gvj­v Avjx Kvix (ivn)
e‡jb:
...( �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ ْلﹸﻗ ) ﻰﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﻪﻟﻭﻘﻟ ،ﺭﻔﻜ ﺏﻴﻐﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺭﺒﺨﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻥﻫﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻕﻴﺩﺼﺘ
Òfwel¨Ø³v ev MYK-†R¨vwZlx MvBex wel‡q hv e‡j Zv wek¦vm Kiv ev Zv mZ¨ e‡j g‡b Kiv Kzd&ix; KviY gnvb
Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb 835 : Òej: Avj­vn e¨Zxq AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_ex‡Z †KDB A`„k¨ (MvBe) wel‡qi Ávb iv‡L bv|Ó 836
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb:
ﹰﺎﺤﻴﺭـﺼﺘ ﺔﻴﻔﻨﺤﻟﺍ ﺭﻜﺫﻭ . ﹰﺎﻨﺎﻴﺤﺃ ﷲﺍ ﻡﻬﻤﻠﻋ ﺎﻤ ﻻﺇ ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺎﺒﻴﻐﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﻤﻠﻌﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻡﻼﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﻼﺼﻟﺍ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻴﺒﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻠﻋﺍ
."...( �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﻻ ْلﹸﻗ ) : ﻰﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﻪﻟﻭﻗ ﺔﻀﺭﺎﻌﻤﻟ ؛ﺏﻴﻐﻟﺍ ﻡﻠﻌﻴ � ﻲﺒﻨﻟﺍ
ﻥﺃ ﺩﺎﻘﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﺭﻴﻔﻜﺘﻟﺎﺒ
Ò†R‡b ivL, bexMY (Av) A`„k¨ ev MvBex welqvw`i wel‡q Avj­vn KL‡bv KL‡bv hv Rvwb‡q‡Qb Zv Qvov wKQzB
Rvb‡Zb bv| nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei AvwjgMY my¯úófv‡e D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, ivm~jyj­vn � MvBe Rvb‡Zb e‡j AvKx`v †cvlY
Kiv Kzdix, KviY Zv Avj­vni G K_vi mv‡_ mvsNwlK 837 : Òej: Avj­vn e¨ZxZ AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_ex‡Z †KDB A`„k¨
(MvBe) wel‡qi Ávb iv‡L bv|Ó 838
5. 5. 1. 3. Imxjv welqK wkiK
Imxjv wel‡q A‡bK weåvwš— I A¯úóZv mgv‡R we`¨gvb| Imxjv KL‡bv Bmjvg wb‡`©wkZ ev mybœvZ-m¤§Z Kg©,
KL‡bv mybœvZ ewnf©yZ ev mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg Kg© Ges KL‡bv Zv Avj­vni i“e~weq¨v‡Z ev Dj~wnq¨v‡Z wki‡Ki ch©v‡q P‡j hvq|
GRb¨ G wel‡q wKQz Av‡jvPbv Kiv cÖ‡qvRb e‡j g‡b KiwQ| gnvb Avj­vni Kv‡Q Zuvi gnvb ¸Yvewj, Zuvi cweÎ bvgmg~n
Ges Zuvi wcÖq nvexe gynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi cÖwZ Cgv‡bi Imxjv w`‡q mKvZ‡i AvwR© Kwi †h, wZwb †hb mwVKfv‡e
welqwU ü`q½g Kivi Ges e¨vL¨v Kivi ZvIdxK Avgv‡K cÖ`vb K‡ib|
ÔImxjvÕ kãwUi wel‡q me‡P‡q eo mgm¨v Gi A‡_©i cwieZ©b I weeZ©b| fvlvZ‡Ë¡i mv‡_ cwiwPZ mK‡jB Rv‡bb
†h, wewfbœ fvlvq e¨eüZ k‡ãi A‡_©i cwieZ©b I weeZ©b N‡U| mg‡qi AveZ©‡bi Kvi‡Y GKB fvlvi g‡a¨ k‡ãi A‡_©i
cwieZ©b NU‡Z cv‡i| Avevi GK fvlv †_‡K Ab¨ fvlvq Mg‡bi Kvi‡YI A‡_©i cwieZ©b N‡U| †hgb evsjv fvlvq GK
kZvãx Av‡M Ôm‡›`kÕ kãwUi A_© wQj msev`| wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b kãwUi A_© we‡kl ai‡bi wgóvbœ| KziAvb-nv`x‡m e¨eüZ
Aviex fvlvq ÔjvevbÕ A_© `ya| wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b Avie †`‡k ÔjvevbÕ A_© †Nvj|
214

fvlvš—‡ii Kvi‡Y A‡_©i cwieZ©b LyeB †ewk| Aviex‡Z ÔwRb&mÕ A_© †kªYx ev wj½, wKš‘ evsjvq ÔwRwbmÕ A_© G¸wji
wKQzB bq, eis evsjvq Gi A_© `ªe¨ ev e¯‘| Aviex‡Z I dvm©x‡Z †bkv ev bvkIqv A_© ÔgvZjvgxÕ ev gv`KZv| wKš‘ evsjvq
kãwUi A_© gv`KZv nq Avevi Af¨¯—ZvI nq| GKvi‡Y A‡bK mgq Avgiv A¯úóZvi g‡a¨ c‡o hvq| †KD e‡jb, †bkv
nvivg| Dˇi A‡b¨ e‡jb, fvZ, Pv BZ¨vw`I †Zv †bkv? e¯‘Z evsjv Ô†bkvÕ ev Af¨¯—Zv nvivg bq, eis dvm©x †bkv ev
gvZjvgx I gv`KZv nvivg| Af¨¯—Zv nvivg ev nvjvj n‡e Af¨v‡mi wel‡qi weavb Abymv‡i, Avi gv`KZv me©ve¯’vq nvivg|
5. 5. 1. 3. 1. KziAvb I nv`x‡mi fvlvq Imxjv
ÔImxjvÕ kãwUi A‡_©i g‡a¨ Giƒc weeZ©b NUvi Kvi‡Y G wel‡q A‡bK weåvwš— Rb¥ wb‡q‡Q| d‡j mybœvZ I Bmjvg m¤§Z
e¨envi †_‡K Imxjv kãwU KL‡bv KL‡bv wki‡Ki ch©v‡q P‡j hvq| GRb¨ G wel‡q GKUz we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv cÖ‡qvRb|
KziAvb I nv`x‡m e¨eüZ cÖvPxb Aviex fvlvq Imxjv k‡ãi A_© ˆbKU¨| cieZ©xKv‡j Aviex fvlv‡ZB Imxjv kãwUi
A_© nq ÔhØviv ˆbKU¨ PvIqv nqÕ ev Ô‰bK‡U¨i DcKiYÕ| AvaywbK hy‡M Aviex‡Z Ges we‡kl K‡i evsjvq Imxjv kãwU
ÔDcKiYÕ, ga¨¯’Zv, hš¿, nvwZqvi, `~Z BZ¨vw` A‡_© e¨eüZ nq| A‡_©i cwieZ©‡bi Kvi‡Y kãwUi wel‡q A‡bK weåvwš— Rb¥
wb‡q‡Q|
cÖwm× fvlvwe` Beby dvwim (395 wn) e‡jb: ÒIqvI, mxb I jvg: `ywU ci¯úi we‡ivax A_© cÖKvk K‡i: cÖ_g A_©: AvMÖn
I Zvjvk| ... wØZxq A_© Pzwi Kiv|Ó 839
cÖwm× gydvm&wmi I fvlvwe` ivwMe Bmcvnvbx (507) e‡jb: ÒImxjv: A_© AvMÖ‡ni mv‡_ †Kv‡bv wKQzi wbKUeZ©x nIqv|
Avj­vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb: gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb: Ô‡Zvgiv Zuvi w`‡K Imxjv mÜvb KiÕ| Avj­vni w`‡K Imxjvi nvKxKvZ n‡jv Bjg I
Bev`‡Zi gva¨‡g Ges kixq‡Zi gh©v`vgq wewaweavb cvj‡bi gva¨‡g me©vZ¥K †Póvi gva¨‡g Avj­vni iv¯—vq cÖwZwôZ _vKv| G
n‡jv †bK Avgj ev ˆbKU¨|Ó 840
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi gh©v`v welqK Av‡jvPbvq †`‡LwQ †h, gnvb Avj­vn Zuv‡K ÔImxjvÕ cÖ`vb
Ki‡eb| ¯^fveZB GLv‡b Imxjv A_© DcKiY ev ga¨¯’ZvKvix bq, eis Imxjv A_© ˆbKU¨| gnvb Avj­vn Zuv‡K m‡e©v”P ˆbKU¨ I
wbKUZg gZ©ev cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|
ÔImxjvÕ kãwU KziAv‡b `y ¯’v‡b e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| GK ¯’v‡b Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻥﻭﹸﻐﹶﺘ�ﺒ�ﻴ �ﻥﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺃ ﻼﻴﹺﻭ�ﺤﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﺭ�ﻀﻟﺍ ﹶﻑﹾﺸﹶﻜ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜ�ﻠ�ﻤ�ﻴ ﻼﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﻤ�ﻋ�ﺯ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﺍ ِلﹸﻗ
ﺍ�ﺭﻭﹸﺫ�ﺤ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻙ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺏﺍﹶﺫ�ﻋ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻪ�ﺒﺍﹶﺫ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭﹸﻓﺎﹶﺨ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﺘ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭ �ﻥﻭ�ﺠ�ﺭ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﺏ�ﺭﹾﻗَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﹶﺔﹶﻠﻴ�ﺴ�ﻭﹾﻟﺍ
Òej, Ô†Zvgiv Avj­vn e¨ZxZ hv‡`i‡K (Bjvn) aviYv Ki Zv‡`i‡K AvnŸvb Ki, †Zvgv‡`i `ytL-‰`b¨ `~i Kivi A_ev
cwieZ©b Kivi kw³ Zv‡`i †bB|Õ Zviv hv‡`i‡K AvnŸvb K‡i ZvivB †Zv Zv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki ˆbKU (Imxjv) mÜvb K‡i,
†K KZ †ewk wbKUZi n‡Z cv‡i, Zviv Zuvi `qv cÖZ¨vkv K‡i Ges Zuvi kvw¯—‡K fq K‡i| †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki kvw¯—
fqven|Ó 841
GLv‡b Aviex ÁvZ cvVK †`L‡Z cv‡”Qb †h, ÔZviv Imxjv mÜvb K‡i †K KZ wbKUZiÕ, G K_wUi g‡a¨ cÖ_‡g
ÔImxjvÕ kãwU e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges c‡i ÔKzievnÕ kãwU e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gfv‡e KziAv‡bi e¨envi †_‡KB my¯úó †h,
Imxjv I ÔKzievnÕ kãØq mgv_©K Ges Imxjv mÜv‡bi A_© ˆbKU¨ jv‡fi †Póv|
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺤ�ﻠﹾﻔﹸﺘ �ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻠ�ﻌﹶﻟ �ﻪ�ﻠﻴﹺﺒ�ﺴ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﻫﺎ�ﺠ�ﻭ ﹶﺔﹶﻠﻴ�ﺴ�ﻭﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ﺍﻭﹸﻐﹶﺘ�ﺒﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
Ò†n gywgbMY, †Zvgiv Avj­vn‡K fq Ki, Zuvi ˆbKU¨ mÜvb Ki Ges Zuvi c‡_ msMÖvg Ki, hv‡Z †Zvgiv mdjKvg
n‡Z cvi|Ó 842
G Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq Bgvg Beby Rvixi AvZ-Zvevix (310 wn) e‡jb:
ﻥﻼﻓ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺕﻠﺴﻭﺘ لﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ لﻭﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭﻟﺍﻭ ﻪﻴﻀﺭﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻩﺎﻨﻌﻤﻭ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺔﺒﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﺒﻠﻁﺍﻭ لﻭﻘﻴ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭﻟﺍ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺍﻭﻐﺘﺒﺍﻭ
ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺕﺒﺭﻘﺘ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﺒ ﺍﺫﻜﺒ
ÒZuvi w`‡K Imxjv mÜvb Ki| Gi A_©: Zuvi w`‡K ˆbKU¨ mÜvb Ki,A_©vr †h Kg© Ki‡j wZwb mš‘ó nb Zv K‡i| Imxjv
kãwU ÔZvIqvm&mvjZzÕ K_v †_‡K ÔdvqxjvnÕ Ih‡b M„nxZ Bmg| ejv nq ÔZvIqvm&mvjZz Bjv dzjvb we-Kvhv, A_©vr Avwg AgyK KvR
K‡i Agy‡K wbKUeZ©x n‡qwQ|Ó 843
Gici Bgvg Zvevix wewfbœ Rvwnjx Kwei KweZv DׄZ K‡i cÖgvY K‡ib †h, Imxjv kãwUi A_© ˆbKU¨| AZtci wZwb
215

mvnvex I ZvweqxMY †_‡K G Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq Zv‡`i gZvgZ mb` mn DׄZ K‡ib| mvnvex Avãyj­vn Beby AveŸvm (iv),
Zvweqx Ave~ Iqvwqj, AvZv Beby Avwe ivevn, KvZv`vn Beby w`ÔAvgvn, gyRvwn` Beby Rvei, nvmvb evmix, Avãyj­vn Beby
Kvmxi, myÏx Avj-Kvexi, Beby hvB`, cÖgyL gydvm&wmi †_‡K wZwb DׄZ K‡i‡Qb †h, mK‡jB e‡j‡Qb ÔZuvi Imxjv mÜvb KiÕ
A_© Zuvi ˆbKU¨ mÜvb Ki, A_©vr Zuvi AvbyMZ¨ I †ihvgw›`g~jK †bKKg© K‡i Zuvi ˆbKU¨ I gneŸZ jv‡f m‡Pó nI| 844
G AvqvZwU g~jZ gywg‡bi mdjZvi g~j Kg©¸wj eY©bv K‡i‡Q: (1) Cgvb, (2) ZvKIqv, (3) AwZwi³ †bKKg© I (4)
wRnv`| wb‡Ri cÖwZ gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡ Cgvb I ZvKIqvi gva¨‡g g~j †ejvqvZ AR©b Kiv| ZvKIqv g~jZ dih cvjb I nvivg
eR©b‡K †K›`ª K‡iB AvewZ©Z| Gici AwZwi³ bdj Bev`‡Zi gva¨‡g Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ jv‡f cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z n‡e| m‡e©vcwi
mgvR, RvwZ I gvbeZvi Rb¨ `xb cÖPvi, cÖmvi, msib I wRnv` Ki‡Z n‡e| B‡Zvc~‡e© Avgiv †ejvqvZ msµvš— nv`x‡m
welqwU †`‡LwQ| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Cgvb I ZvKIqvi gva¨‡g g~j †ejvqvZ jvf nq| Avi AbeiZ bdj Bev`Z cvj‡bi
gva¨‡g Avj­vni †ejvqvZ, ˆbKU¨ ev Imxjv jv‡fi ev gvne~weq¨vZ AR©‡bi †‡Î gywgbM‡Yi g‡a¨ cÖwZ‡hvwMZv nq|
Dc‡ii welq¸wj LyeB ¯úó Ges G A‡_© †ewk †ewk †bK Avg‡ji gva¨‡g Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ ev Amxjv mÜvb Kiv gywg‡bi
Ab¨Zg `vwqZ¡| wKš‘ cieZ©xKv‡j, Imxjv kãwU Av‡iv K‡qKwU A‡_© e¨eüZ nq Ges wewfbœ gZ‡f` ev weåvwš— m„wó K‡i|
†m¸wji Ab¨Zg: (1) `yÔAvi g‡a¨ ÔImxjvÕ, (2) cxi-gvkvB‡Li ÔImxjvÕ I (3) DcKiY ev ga¨¯’ZvKvix A‡_© Imxjv|
5. 5. 1. 3. 2. `yÔAvi g‡a¨ Imxjv
gnvb Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAvi mgq †Kv‡bv wKQzi Ô‡`vnvBÕ †`Iqv‡K ÔImxjvÕ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Kiv nq| `yÔAvi g‡a¨ ÔevÕ ( ﺀﺎـﺒﻟﺍ)
Ae¨qwU e¨envi K‡i `yÔAv PvIqv wewfbœ nv`x‡m i‡q‡Q| G Ae¨qwUi A_© Øviv, mvnv‡h¨ ev Kvi‡Y| †hgb nv`x‡m ewY©Z wewfbœ
`yÔAvq ejv n‡q‡Q: †n Avj­vn, Avcbvi gnvb bvg¸wji Øviv ev Kvi‡Y Avgvi `yÔAv Keyj Ki“b| Avwg Avcbvi bvg¸wj Øviv
Avcbvi Kv‡Q `yÔAv KiwQ| Avgvi AgyK K‡g©i Øviv ev Kvi‡Y Avgvi `yÔAv Keyj Ki“b... BZ¨vw`| Z‡e G A‡_© Ò‡n Avj­vn,
Agy‡Ki Imxjvq ( ﺔﻠﻴـﺴﻭﺒ) K_vwU †Kv‡bv nv`x‡m e¨eüZ nq wb| G A‡_© Aviex‡Z Ôwenvw°Õ ( ﻕـﺤﹺﺒ) A_©vr ÒAgyK Kg© ev e¨w³i
AwaKv‡ii Kvi‡Y ev ØvivÕ Ges ÔweûigvwZÕ A_©vr ÒAgy‡Ki m¤§v‡bÕ K_vI e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| evsjvq Abyev` wn‡m‡e G‡‡Î
ÔImxjvÕ kãwUi e¨envi e¨vcK|
Avj­vni Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv Kivi mgq †Kv‡bv wKQzi †`vnvB ev ev Imxjv †`Iqv K‡qKfv‡e n‡Z cv‡i:
(1) gnvb Avj­vni cweÎ bvg I ¸Yvewji †`vnvB †`Iqv|
(2) wb‡Ri †Kv‡bv fvj K‡g©i †`vnvB †`Iqv|
(3) Kv‡iv `yÔAvi †`vnvB †`Iqv|
(4) Kv‡iv e¨w³MZ gh©v`v ev AwaKv‡ii †`vnvB †`Iqv|
cÖ_gZ: gnvb Avj­vni cweÎ bvg I ¸Yvewji †`vnvB †`Iqv
†hgb ejv †h, †n Avj­vn, Avcbvi ingvb bv‡gi ¸‡Y, ev Mvd&dvi bv‡gi Imxjvq Avgvi `yÔAv Keyj Ki“b| Giƒc
†`vnvB †`Iqv KziAvb- nv`x‡mi wb‡`©k Ges `yÔAv Keyj nIqvi KviY| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb :
ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ �ﻩﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﺎﹶﻓ ﻰﹶﻨ�ﺴ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴَﻷﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ�ﻭ
ÒGes Avj­vni Av‡Q my›`iZg bvgmg~n; Kv‡RB †Zvgiv Zuv‡K †m mKj bv‡g WvK‡e|Ó 845
Avey ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡j‡Qb :
ﹶﺔﱠﻨ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ َلﹶﺨ�ﺩ
ﺎ�ﻫﺎ�ﺼ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭ ﻻِﺇ ﹰﺔَﺌﺎ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﻌ�ﺴ�ﺘ�ﻭ ﹰﺔ�ﻌ�ﺴ�ﺘ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﻥِﺇ
ÒAvj­vni 99wU bvg Av‡Q, 100Õi GKwU Kg, †h e¨w³ GB bvg¸wj msiwZ ivL‡e ev wnmve ivL‡e (gyL¯’ ivL‡e) †m
Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡e|Ó 846
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi †kLv‡bv gvmb~b `yÔAv¸wj cvV Ki‡j Avgiv †m¸wji g‡a¨ Giƒc A‡bK `yÔAv cvB, hv‡Z Avj­vni cweÎ bvg
ev ¸Yvewji †`vnvB w`‡q `yÔAv Ki‡Z wkv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| ïay ZvB bq, Giƒc we‡kl bvg ev ¸Yvewji †`vnvB w`‡q `yÔAv Ki‡j
`yÔAv Keyj n‡e e‡j we‡klfv‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb Giƒc GKwU `yÔAvq ivm~jyj­vn � wkwL‡q‡Qb:
ﹺﻡـﹾﻠ�ﻋ ﻲـ�ﻓ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﹶﺕ�ﺭﹶﺜْﺄﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻙﹺﺒﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻪﹶﺘﹾﻟ�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻙ�ﻘﹾﻠﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻪﹶﺘ�ﻤﱠﻠ�ﻋ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻙ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﹶﺕ�ﻴ�ﻤ�ﺴ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﹴﻡ�ﺴﺍ ﱢلﹸﻜﹺﺒ �ﻙﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴَﺃ
.... �ﻙ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ ﹺﺏ�ﻴﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ
Avwg Avcbvi wbKU cÖv_©bv KiwQ Avcbvi mKj bvg a‡i ev bv‡gi Imxjv w`‡q, †h bv‡g Avcwb wb‡R‡K f~wlZ
K‡i‡Qb, A_ev †h bvg Avcwb Avcbvi wKZv‡e bvwhj K‡i‡Qb, A_ev †h bvg Avcwb Avcbvi †Kv‡bv m„wó‡K wkwL‡q‡Qb,
A_ev †h bvg Avcwb MvBex Áv‡b Avcbvi GKvš— wb‡Ri Kv‡Q †i‡L w`‡q‡Qb (mKj bv‡gi Imxjvq Avwg Avcbvi Kv‡Q Pvw”Q
216

†h,) ...| 847
Avgvi †jLv Ôiv‡n †ejvqZÕ cy¯—‡K cvVK Giƒc A‡bK gvmb~b `yÔAv †`L‡Z cv‡eb|
wØZxqZ, wb‡Ri †Kv‡bv fvj K‡g©i †`vnvB †`Iqv
wb‡Ri †Kv‡bv fvj K‡g©i †`vnvB ev Imxjv w`‡q Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv Ki‡j Keyj nq e‡j nv`xm kix‡d D‡j­L Kiv
n‡q‡Q| GKwU nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb, AZxZ hy‡Mi wZbRb gvbyl weRb c‡_ Pj‡Z Pj‡Z e„wói Kvi‡Y GK cvnv‡oi ¸nvq
Avkªq MÖnY K‡i| cÖej el©‡Y GKwU wekvj cv_i Mwo‡q c‡o Zv‡`i ¸nvi gyL G‡Kev‡i eÜ n‡q hvq| Gfv‡e ¸nvwU Zv‡`i
Rxeš— Ke‡i cwiYZ nq| G fqvbK wec` †_‡K D×vi cvIqvi Rb¨ Zviv `yÔAv Ki‡Z gb¯’ K‡ib| Zviv G‡K Aci‡K e‡jb:
�ﻩﻭ�ﻤﹸﺘﹾﻠ �ﻤ�ﻋ ٍل�ﻤ�ﻋ ِل�ﻀﹾﻓَﺄﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﺍ
ÒRxe‡b me©‡kªó †h Avgj K‡iQ ZØviv (Zvi Imxjv w`‡q) Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv Ki ev Zvi †`vnvB w`‡q Avj­vn‡K
WvK|Ó
ZLb Zv‡`i GKRb Zvi Rxe‡b mš—vb‡`i Kó D‡cv K‡i wcZvgvZvi †L`g‡Zi GKwU NUbv D‡j­L K‡i e‡jb:
�ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﻯ�ﺭﹶﻨ ﹰﺔ�ﺠ�ﺭﹸﻓ ﺎﱠﻨ�ﻋ �ﺝ�ﺭﹾﻓﺎﹶﻓ �ﻙﹺﻬ�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﻐ�ﺘ�ﺒﺍ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ ﹸﺕﹾﻠ�ﻌﹶﻓ ﻲﱢﻨَﺃ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﹶﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠﻟﺍ
Ò‡n Avj­vn, Avcwb hw` †R‡b _v‡Kb †h, Avwg G Kg©wU Avcbvi †ihvgw›`i Rb¨B K‡iwQjvg, Z‡e Gi Kvi‡Y Avcwb
cv_iwU GKUz mwi‡q †`b †hb Avgiv AvKvk †`L‡Z cvB|Ó
gnvb Avj­vn ZrYvr Zvi `yÔAv Keyj K‡i cv_iwU GKUz mwi‡q †`b| ZLb wØZxq e¨w³ Zuvi GK my›`ix †cÖwgKvi
mv‡_ e¨wfPv‡ii my‡hvM cvIqv m‡Ë¡I Avj­vni f‡q cvc cwiZ¨vM Kivi GKwU NUbv D‡j­L K‡i e‡jb:
ﹰﺔ�ﺠ�ﺭﹸﻓ ﺎﱠﻨ�ﻋ �ﺝ�ﺭﹾﻓﺎﹶﻓ �ﻙﹺﻬ�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﻐ�ﺘ�ﺒﺍ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ ﹸﺕﹾﻠ�ﻌﹶﻓ ﻲﱢﻨَﺃ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﹶﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ
Ò‡n Avj­vn, Avcwb hw` †R‡b _v‡Kb †h, Avwg G Kg©wU Avcbvi †ihvgw›`i Rb¨B K‡iwQjvg, Z‡e Gi Kvi‡Y
(Imxjvq) Avcwb cv_iwU Av‡iKUz mwi‡q w`b|Ó
gnvb Avj­vn Zvi `yÔAv Keyj K‡ib Ges cv_iwU `y-Z…Zxqvsk m‡i hvq| ZLb Z…Zxq e¨w³ wb‡Ri Amyweav I ¯^v_© bó K‡i
GKRb kªwg‡Ki †eZb I AvgvbZ cwic~Y©iƒ‡c Av`v‡qi GKwU NUbv D‡j­L K‡i e‡jb,
ﺎﱠﻨ�ﻋ �ﺝ�ﺭﹾﻓﺎﹶﻓ �ﻙﹺﻬ�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎﹶﻐ�ﺘ�ﺒﺍ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ ﹸﺕﹾﻠ�ﻌﹶﻓ ﻲﱢﻨَﺃ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﹶﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻥِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠﻟﺍ
Ò‡n Avj­vn, Avcwb hw` †R‡b _v‡Kb †h, Avwg G Kg©wU Avcbvi †ihvgw›`i Rb¨B K‡iwQjvg, Z‡e Gi Kvi‡Y (Imxjvq) Avcwb
cv_iwU mwi‡q w`b|Ó
Avj­vn Zv‡`i `yÔAv Keyj K‡ib Ges cv_iwU G‡Kev‡i m‡i hvq| 848
wb‡Ri Cgvb, gneŸZ BZ¨vw`i Imxjv w`‡q `yÔAv PvIqvI G cÖKv‡ii Imxjv cÖ`vb| eyivB`vn Avmjvgx (iv) e‡jb,
wZwb ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mv‡_ gmwR‡` cÖ‡ek K‡i †`‡Lb GK e¨w³ mvjvZiZ Ae¯’vq `yÔAv Ki‡Q wb‡æi K_v w`‡q :
�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ ﺍ�ﻭﹸﻔﹸﻜ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥﹸﻜ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﺩﹶﻟﻭ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﻠ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺼﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺤَﻷﺍ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻟِﺇ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻙﱠﻨَﺃ �ﺩ�ﻬﹾﺸَﺃ ﻲﱢﻨَﺄ ﹺﺒ �ﻙﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴَﺃ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠﻟﺍ
Ò†n Avj­vn, Avwg Avcbvi wbKU cÖv_©bv KiwQ, G Imxjvq (GØviv) †h, Avwg mv¨ cÖ`vb KiwQ, AvcwbB Avj­vn,
Avcwb Qvov †Kv‡bv gvÕey` †bB| AvcwbB GKK, AgyLv‡cx, whwb Rb¥`vb K‡ibwb I Rb¥MÖnY K‡ibwb Ges Zuvi mgZzj¨
†KD †bB|Ó
ZLb ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb :
ﻰﹶﻁ�ﻋَﺃ �ﻪﹺﺒ
َلِﺌ�ﺴ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺏﺎ�ﺠَﺃ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻲ�ﻋ�ﺩ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﹺﻡﹶﻅ�ﻋَﻷﺍ �ﻪ�ﻤ�ﺴﺎﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلَﺄ�ﺴ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻴﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ
Òhvi nv‡Z Avgvi Rxeb Zuvi kc_ K‡i ejwQ, wbðq GB e¨w³ Avj­vni Kv‡Q Zuvi Bmgy AvÕhg a‡i cÖv_©bv K‡i‡Q, †h bvg a‡i
WvK‡j wZwb mvov †`b Ges †h bvg a‡i PvB‡j wZwb cÖ`vb K‡ib|Ó 849
GLv‡b Avgiv †`LwQ †h, Cgvb I kvnv`‡Zi Imxjv w`‡q `yÔAv PvIqv n‡q‡Q| wewfbœ fv‡e Giƒc `yÔAv Kiv hvq,
†hgb: Ò†n Avj­vn, Avwg †MvbvnMvi, Avwg AgyK Kg©wU Avcbvi mš‘wói Rb¨ K‡iwQjvg, †mB Imxjvq Avgvi cÖv_©bv Keyj
Ki“b| †n Avj­vn, Avwg †MvbvnMvi, Avgvi †Kv‡bv D‡j­L‡hvM¨ †bK Avgj †bB †h, hvi Imxjv w`‡q Avwg Avcbvi cweÎ
`iev‡i `yÔAv PvBe| ïaygvÎ Avcbvi nvexe bex‡q gymZvdv �-Gi bvgwU Cgvb wb‡q gy‡L wb‡qwQ, Gi Imxjvq Avgvi `yÔAv
Keyj Ki“b| †n Avj­vn, Avgvi wKQyB †bB, ïaygvÎ Avcbvi bex‡q AvKivg �-Gi mybœv‡Zi gneŸZUzKz ü`‡q Av‡Q, †mB
Imxjvq Avgv‡K gv Ki“b, Avgvi `yÔAv Keyj Ki“b| †n Avj­vn, Avwg wKQyB Avgj Ki‡Z cvwiwb, Z‡e Avcbvi c‡_
AMÖmi I AvgjKvix †bKKvi ev›`v‡`i‡K AvcbviB Iqv‡¯— gneŸZ Kwi, Zv‡`i c‡_ Pj‡Z PvB, Avcwb †mB Imxjvq Avgvi
`yÔAv Keyj Ki“b ...|Ó BZ¨vw`|
217

Z…ZxqZ: Kv‡iv `yÔAvi †`vnvB †`Iqv
Kv‡iv `yÔAvi Imxjv †`Iqvi A_© G K_v ejv †h, †n Avj­vn, AgyK Avgvi Rb¨ `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb, Avcwb Avgvi wel‡q
Zuvi `yÔAv Keyj K‡i Avgvi nvRZ c~iY K‡i w`b| Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, †bKKvi gyËvKx gywgb‡`i wbKU `yÔAv PvIqv
mybœvZ m¤§Z ixwZ| Giƒc Kv‡iv wbKU `yÔAv PvIqvi c‡i gnvb Avj­vni `iev‡i D³ †bKKvi e¨w³i `yÔAvi Imxjv w`‡q `yÔAv
PvIqvi welqwU GKwU nv`xm †_‡K Rvbv hvq| Dmgvb Beby nvbxd (iv) e‡jb,
�ﺭـ�ﻴﹶﺨ �ﻭ�ﻬﹶﻓ ﹶﺕ�ﺭ�ﺒ�ﺼ ﹶﺕْﺌ�ﺸ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ ﹸﺕ�ﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩ ﹶﺕْﺌ�ﺸ �ﻥِﺇ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﻴ�ﻓﺎ�ﻌ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻉ�ﺩﺍ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﺘَﺃ ﹺﺭ�ﺼ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﺭﻴﹺﺭ�ﻀ ﻼ�ﺠ�ﺭ �ﻥَﺃ
�ﻪـ�ﺠ�ﻭﹶﺘَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻙﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴَﺃ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠﻟﺍ : �ﺀﺎ�ﻋ�ﺩﻟﺍ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻬﹺﺒ �ﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩ�ﻴ�ﻭ ( ﻥﻴﺘﻌﻜﺭ ﻥﺴﺤﻴﻓ)
�ﻩ�ﺀﻭ�ﻀ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﺴ�ﺤ�ﻴﹶﻓ َﺄ�ﻀ�ﻭﹶﺘ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺄﹶﻓ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪ�ﻋ�ﺩﺎﹶﻓ َلﺎﹶﻗ
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�ﻲِﻟ ﻰ�ﻀﹾﻘﹸﺘِﻟ �ﻩ�ﺫ�ﻫ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﺠﺎ�ﺤ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺭ
ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻙﹺﺒ ﹸﺕ�ﻬ�ﺠ�ﻭﹶﺘ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ ( ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺎﻴ)
،�ﺔ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﺭﻟﺍ
�ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ � �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ �ﻙ�ﻴﹺﺒﹶﻨﹺﺒ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ
�ﻲـ�ﻓ
�ﻲ�ﻨ
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ﹶﺸ�ﻭ
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ﱢﻔﹶﺸ
ﻡﻬﻠﻟﺍ)
( �ﻪ�ﻴ
�ﻓ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﻌ
ﱢﻔﹶﺸﻭ
) �ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻪ�ﻌﱢﻔﹶﺸﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠﻟﺍ ( ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺼ
�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻋ
�ﻲِﻟ
�ﻲ�ﻠ
�ﺠ�ﻴ
ﹶﻓ)
( �ﻲ�ﺘ
�ﺠﺎ�ﺤ
�ﻲ�ﻀ
ﹾﻘ�ﻴ
�ﻥَﺃ
ِﷲﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ �ﻙﹺﺒ
( �ﻲ�ﺴ
ﹾﻔﹶﻨ
ÒGKRb AÜ e¨w³ ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wbKU AvMg‡b K‡i e‡j, Avgvi Rb¨ `yÔAv Ki“b, †hb Avj­vn Avgv‡K my¯’Zv
`vb K‡ib| wZwb e‡jb: Zzwg hw` PvI Avwg `yÔAv Kie, Avi hw` PvI Z‡e mei Ki, †mUvB †Zvgvi Rb¨ DËg| †jvKwU
e‡j: Avcwb `yÔAv Ki“b| ZLb wZwb Zv‡K wb‡`©k †`b, †m †hb my›`i K‡i Ih~ K‡i (Ab¨ eY©bvq: Ges `y ivKvZ mvjvZ
Av`vq K‡i) Ges GB `yÔAv K‡i: Ò†n Avj­vn, Avwg Avcbvi wbKU cÖv_©bv KiwQ Ges Avcbvi w`‡K gyL wdivw”Q (g‡bvwb‡ek
KiwQ) Avcbvi bex gynv¤§v‡`i Øviv, whwb ing‡Zi bex, †n gynv¤§v`, Avwg gyL wdivw”Q (g‡bvwb‡ek KiwQ) Avcbvi Øviv
Avgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki w`‡K Avgvi G cÖ‡qvRbwUi wel‡q, †hb Zv †gUv‡bv nq| (Ab¨ eY©bvq: †hb wZwb Zv wgwU‡q †`b, †hb
wZwb Avgvi `„wó cÖ`vb K‡ib|) †n Avj­vn Avcwb Avgvi wel‡q Zvi mycvwik Keyj Ki“b (Ab¨ eY©bvq: Avgvi wel‡q Zuvi
mycvwik Keyj Ki“b Ges Zuvi Rb¨ Avgvi mycvwik Keyj Ki“b| Ab¨ eY©bvq: Avgvi wel‡q Zuvi mycvwik Keyj Ki“b Ges
Avgvi wel‡q Avgvi wb‡Ri mycvwikI Keyj Ki“b|)Ó 850
G nv`x‡m AÜ †jvKwU ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wbKU `yÔAv †P‡q‡Q| wZwb `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb Ges Zv‡K wkwL‡q w`‡q‡Qb Zuvi
`yÔAvi Imxjv w`‡q gnvb Avj­vni Kv‡Q wb‡R `yÔAv Ki‡Z| †jvKwU †mfv‡e `yÔAv K‡i‡Q| wZiwghxi eY©bvq `yÔAvi djvdj
D‡j­L Kiv nq wb| Z‡e Ab¨b¨ mKj eY©bvq ivex e‡jb †h, `yÔAv Avj­vn Keyj K‡ib Ges †jvKwU Zvi `„wókw³ m¤ú~Y© wd‡i
cvq, †hb †m KL‡bvB AÜ wQj bv|
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) e‡jb:
ﺎـﹶﻨ�ﻴﹺﺒﹶﻨﹺﺒ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ُل�ﺴ�ﻭﹶﺘﹶﻨ ﺎﱠﻨﹸﻜ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹺﺏ�ﻠﱠﻁ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ ﹺﻥ�ﺒ ﹺﺱﺎ�ﺒ�ﻌﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﻰﹶﻘ�ﺴﹶﺘ�ﺴﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻁ�ﺤﹶﻗ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ � ﹺﺏﺎﱠﻁﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﺒ �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻥِﺇ
�ﻥ�ﻭﹶﻘ�ﺴ�ﻴﹶﻓ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻘ�ﺴﺎﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹺﺒﹶﻨ �ﻡ�ﻌﹺﺒ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ ُل�ﺴ�ﻭﹶﺘﹶﻨ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨﻴ�ﻘ�ﺴﹶﺘﹶﻓ �
ÒDgvi (iv) hLb Abve„wó‡Z Avµvš— n‡Zb ZLb AveŸvm Beby Avãyj gyËvwje‡K (iv) w`‡q e„wói `yÔAv Kiv‡Zb, AZtci
ej‡Zb: †n Avj­vn Avgiv Avgv‡`i bex (�)-Gi Imxjvq Avcbvi wbKU cÖv_©bv KiZvg d‡j Avcwb Avgv‡`i e„wó `vb Ki‡Zb|
GLb Avgiv Avcbvi wbKU cÖv_©bv KiwQ Avgv‡`i bex (�)-Gi PvPvi Imxjvq, AZGe Avcwb Avgv‡`i‡K e„wó `vb Ki“b| Avbvm
(iv) e‡jb, ZLb e„wócvZ n‡Zv|Ó 851
AveŸvm (iv) wb‡gœi evK¨¸wj e‡j `yÔAv Ki‡j Avj­vn e„wó w`‡Zb:
ﺏﻭﻨﺫـﻟﺎﺒ ﻙـﻴﻟﺇ ﺎﻨﻴﺩﻴﺃ
ﻩﺫﻫﻭ ﻙﻴﺒﻨ ﻥﻤ ﻰﻨﺎﻜﻤﻟ ﻙﻴﻟﺇ ﻲﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻟﺍ ﻪﺠﻭﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺔﺒﻭﺘﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻑﺸﻜﻴ ﻡﻟﻭ ﺏﻨﺫﺒ ﻻﺇ ﺀﻼﺒ لﺯﻨﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻪﻨﺇ ﻡﻬﻠﻟﺍ
218
ﺙﻴﻐﻟﺍ ﺎﻨﻘﺴﺎﻓ ﺔﺒﻭﺘﻟﺎﺒ ﻙﻴﻟﺇ ﺎﻨﻴﺼﺍﻭﻨﻭ
Ò†n Avj­vn, cv‡ci KviY Qvov evjv-gywmeZ bvwhj nq bv Ges ZvIev Qvov Zv AcmvwiZ nq bv| Avcbvi bexi mv‡_
Avgvi m¤ú‡K©i Kvi‡Y gvby‡liv Avgvi gva¨‡g Avcbvi w`‡K gyL wdwi‡q‡Q| G Avgv‡`i cvcgq nvZ¸wj Avcbvi w`‡K cÖmvwiZ
Ges Avgv‡`i jjvU¸wj ZvIevq Avcbvi wbKU mgwc©Z, AZGe Avcwb Avgv‡`i‡K e„wó `vb Ki“b|Ó 852
G nv`x‡mI ¯úó †h, AveŸvm (iv) e„wói Rb¨ `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb Dgvi (iv) AveŸv‡mi (iv) `yÔAvi Imxjv w`‡q `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb|
Zuvi K_v †_‡K eySv hvq †h, hZw`b ivm~jyj­vn � RxweZ wQ‡jb, ZZw`b Liv ev Abve„wó n‡j Zuviv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Kv‡Q `yÔAv
PvB‡Zb Ges †m `yÔAvi Imxjvq Avj­vn Zv‡`i e„wó `vb Ki‡Zb| Zuvi Idv‡Zi c‡i †h‡nZz Avi Zuvi Kv‡Q `yÔAv PvIqv hv‡”Q bv,
†m‡nZz Zuvi PvPv AveŸv‡mi (iv) Kv‡Q `yÔAv Pv‡”Qb Ges `yÔAvi Imxjv w`‡q Avj­vni Kv‡Q e„wó cÖv_©bv Ki‡Qb|
PZz_©Z: †Kv‡bv e¨w³, Zuvi gh©v`v ev AwaKv‡ii †`vnvB †`Iqv
Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv Kivi †‡Î ÔImxjvÕ ev †`vnvB †`Iqvi PZzZ© ch©vq n‡jv, †Kv‡bv e¨w³i, ev Zuvi gh©v`vi ev Zuvi
AwaKv‡ii †`vnvB †`Iqv| †hgb RxweZ ev g„Z †Kv‡bv bex-Ijxi bvg D‡j­L K‡i ejv: †n Avj­vn Agy‡Ki Imxjvq, ev Agy‡Ki

gh©v`vi Imxjvq ev Agy‡Ki AwaKv‡ii Amxjvq Avgvi `yÔAv Keyj Ki“b| Giƒc `yÔAv Kivi ˆeaZvi wel‡q Avwjg‡`i g‡a¨ e¨vcK
gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q| A‡bK Avwjg Giƒc `yÔAv Kiv ˆea e‡j‡Qb| Zuviv mvaviYfv‡e Dc‡ii `ywU nv`xm Øviv `jxj †ck K‡ib|
we‡klZ Zvevivbx I evBnvKx AÜ e¨w³i nv`xmwUi cÖm‡½ GKwU eY©bv DׄZ K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i eY©bvi mvi-ms‡c †h, Ljxdv
Dmgvb (iv)-Gi mg‡q GK e¨w³ Zuvi `iev‡i GKwU cÖ‡qvR‡b hvq| wKš‘ Ljxdv Zvi cÖwZ `„KcvZ K‡ib bv| †jvKwU Dmgvb
Beby nvbx‡di (iv) wbKU Mgb K‡i Zv‡K Ljxdv Dmgv‡bi wbKU Zvi Rb¨ mycvwik Ki‡Z Aby‡iva K‡i| ZLb Dmgvb Beby
nvbxd †jvKwU‡K AÜ †jvKwU‡K ivm~jyj­vn � †h `yÔAvwU wkwL‡qwQ‡jb †m `yÔAvwU wkwL‡q †`b| †jvKwU Gfv‡e `yÔAv Kivi c‡i
Ljxdv Dmgvb (iv) Zvi cÖ‡qvRb wgwU‡q †`b| 853
G †_‡K eySv hvq †h, ïay ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi `yÔAvi ImxjvB bq, Dciš‘ Zuvi B‡š—Kv‡ji c‡iI Zuvi Imxjv w`‡q `yÔAv PvIqv
ˆea| ivm~jyj­vn � Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wdwikZv, bex, mvnvex, Zvweqx ev Ijx-Avj­vni Imxjv w`‡q `yÔAv PvIqvi †Kv‡bv K_v †Kv‡bv
nv`x‡m ev mvnvex-ZvweqxM‡Yi e³‡e¨ cvIqv hvq bv| Z‡e G g‡Zi AvwjgMY mKj‡KB ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi gZ I Zuvi mv‡_
Zzjbxq a‡i Giƒc †h Kv‡iv bv‡gi Imxjv w`‡q Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv PvIqv Rv‡qh e‡j‡Qb|
†Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwjg †KejgvÎ ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi e¨w³mËvi Imxjv w`‡q Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv Kiv Rv‡qh e‡j‡Qb| Ab¨
Kv‡iv Imxjv w`‡q `yÔAv PvIqv bvRv‡qh e‡j‡Qb| Zuv‡`i g‡Z, Kv‡iv g„Zz¨i c‡iI Zuvi Imxjv w`‡q `yÔAv Kiv Rv‡qh ejvi c‡i
ivm~jyj­vn � †K ev` w`‡q Ab¨ Kv‡iv Imxjv w`‡q `yÔAv Kiv Zuvi mv‡_ †eqv`ex Qvov wKQzB bq|
cvš—‡i Ab¨ A‡bK Avwjg †Kv‡bv RxweZ ev g„Z e¨w³i, Zuvi gh©v`vi ev Zuvi AwaKv‡ii †`vnvB w`‡q Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv
Kiv A‰ea I bvRv‡qh e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb| Zuviv e‡jb †h, Giƒc †Kv‡bv RxweZ ev g„Z Kv‡iv e¨w³mËvi Imxjv w`‡q `yÔAv PvIqvi
†Kv‡bviƒc bwhi †Kv‡bv mnxn I cÖwm× nv`x‡m ev mvnvex-ZvweqxM‡Yi g‡a¨ cvIqv hvq bv| GQvov bexMY I hv‡`i bvg gnvb
Avj­vn Inxi gva¨‡g Rvwb‡q‡Qb Zuviv Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv e¨w³i wel‡q mywbwðZfv‡e KL‡bvB ejv hvq bv †h, D³ e¨w³ Avj­vni
wcÖq ev Avj­vni Kv‡Q Zuvi †Kv‡bv we‡kl gh©v`v ev AwaKvi Av‡Q| m‡e©vcwi Zuviv Dc‡i D‡j­wLZ Dgvi (iv) KZ…©K AveŸv‡mi
Imxjv cÖ`vb‡K `jxj wn‡m‡e †ck K‡ib| hw` Kv‡iv `yÔAvi Imxjv bv w`‡q Zuvi mËvi Imxjv †`Iqv Rv‡qh n‡Zv Z‡e Dgvi
(iv) I mvnvexMY KL‡bvB ivm~jyj­vn � -†K ev` w`‡q AveŸvm (iv)-Gi Imxjv †ck Ki‡Zb bv|
kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn gynvwÏm †`njex Zuvi ÔAvj-evjv¸j gyexbÕ M‡š’ Dgvi (iv)-Gi nv`xmwU DׄZ K‡i e‡jb: ÒGB
NUbvq cÖZxqgvb nq †h, g„Z e¨w³‡K Awmjv Kiv kixqZ we‡ivax| hw` kixqZ wm× nBZ nhiZ Igi (iv) ûhyi (�)-‡K
Awmjv KwiqvB †`vAv Kwi‡Zb| KviY, g„Z ev RxweZ †h †Kvb e¨w³i †P‡qB ûhyi (�)-Gi dhxjZ mxgvnxb-Abš—| ZvnB
nhiZ Igi (iv) GB K_v e‡jb bvB †h, †n Avj­vn, BwZ c~‡e© †Zv Avgiv †Zvgvi bex‡K Amxjv Kwiqv †`vAv KwiZvg| wKš‘
GLb wZwb Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ we`¨gvb bvB ZvB Avgiv Zuvnvi i“û †gveviK‡K Awmjv Kwiqv †Zvgvi Kv‡Q Avihx †ek Kwi‡ZwQ|
ZvB †Kvb g„Z e¨w³‡K Awmjv Kiv †gv‡UB ˆea b‡n|Ó 854
Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn), Bgvg Ave~ BDm~d (ivn) I Bgvg gynv¤§v` (ivn) mK‡jB GKgZ †h Kv‡iv AwaKvi ev
gh©v`vi †`vnvB w`‡q Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv PvIqv gvKiƒn| Avj­vgv Beby Avwej Bh&h nvbvdx e‡jb:
ﹺﻡﺍ�ﺭ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺕ�ﻴ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹺﺒ�ﻭ ، �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻙِﺌﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨَﺃ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹺﺒ �ﻭَﺃ ،ﹴﻥﻼﹸﻓ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹺﺒ �ﻙﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴَﺃ : ﻲ�ﻋﺍ�ﺩﻟﺍ َلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻩ�ﺭﹾﻜ�ﻴ : �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻀ�ﺭ �ﻩﺎ�ﺒ�ﺤﺎ�ﺼ�ﻭ ﹶﺔﹶﻔﻴ�ﻨ�ﺤ ﻭ�ﺒَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻗ
�ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ ﹺﻭ�ﺤﹶﻨ�ﻭ ، ﹺﻡﺍ�ﺭ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﺭ�ﻌﹾﺸ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ،
ÒBgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) I Zuvi m½xØq e‡j‡Qb: ÔAvwg Agy‡Ki AwaKvi ev Avcbvi bex-ivm~jM‡Yi AwaKvi, ev
evBZzj nviv‡gi AwaKvi ev gvkÔAvi“j nviv‡gi AwaKv‡ii †`vnvB w`‡q Pvw”Q ev cÖv_©bv KiwQÕ e‡j `yÔAv Kiv gvKiƒn|Ó 855
Avj­vgv AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx (587 wn) e‡jb:
... �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺩ�ﺤ ﻷ ﱠﻕ�ﺤ ﻻ �ﻪﱠﻨ ﻷ ﹴﻥﻼﹸﻓ
ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹺﺒ�ﻭ ﻙ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ ﻙِﺌﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨَﺃ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹺﺒ ﻙﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴَﺃ �ﻪِﺌﺎ�ﻋ�ﺩ ﻲ�ﻓ َلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ِل�ﺠ�ﺭﻠِﻟ �ﻩ�ﺭﹾﻜ�ﻴ�ﻭ
ÒÔAvwg Avcbvi bex-ivm~jM‡Yi AwaKv‡ii †`vnvB w`‡q Pvw”Q Ges Agy‡Ki AwaKv‡ii †`vnvB w`‡q Pvw”Q e‡j `yÔAv Kiv
gvKiƒn; KviY gnvb Avj­vni Dc‡i Kv‡iv †Kv‡bv AwaKvi †bB|Ó 856
Kv‡iv Imxjv w`‡q Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv Kiv wkiK bq; KviY, G‡Z Avj­vn Qvov KvD‡K WvKv nq bv ev `yÔAv Kiv nq bv;
GKgvÎ Avj­vn‡KB WvKv nq| G welqK weZK© Rv‡qh-bvRv‡q‡hi g‡a¨ mxwgZ| Kv‡RB wkiK cÖm‡½ Avgiv G welqK weZ‡K©i
we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z PvB bv|
cÂgZ: Avj­vn‡K ev` w`‡q Imxjvi Kv‡QB PvIqv
Imxjv welqK P~ovš— wkiK n‡jv Imxjvi bv‡g Imxjvi Kv‡QB `yÔAv Kiv ev ÎvY, mvnvh¨, wec`gyw³ BZ¨vw` cÖv_©bv
Kiv| Dc‡i Imxjv ej‡Z hv wKQz ejv n‡q‡Q Zv n‡jv Kv‡iv Imxjv w`‡q gnvb Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv Kiv| Gi wecix‡Z
Av‡iKwU Kg© n‡jv, hv‡K Imxjv e‡j g‡b Kiv n‡”Q Avj­vn‡K ev` w`‡q mivmwi Zv‡KB WvKv| G welqwU my¯úó wkiK|
219

cieZ©x‡Z Avgiv Zv Av‡jvPbv Kie, Bbkv Avj­vn|
5. 5. 1. 3. 3. cxi-gvkvB‡Li Imxjv
Avgiv Dc‡i †`‡LwQ †h, Avj­vn Zuvi Imxjv ev ˆbKU¨ mÜvb Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| mvnvex, Zvweqx I cieZ©x mKj
gydvm&wmi GKgZ †h, †bK Avgj n‡jv Imxjv, hvi gva¨‡g Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ jvf Kiv hvq| cÖvq nvRvi ermi hver G wel‡q Ab¨
†Kv‡bv gZvgZ cÖPvwiZ nq wb| Gici †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwjg D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, Ôcxi-gvkvBLÕ-I Imxjv| gymwjg D¤§vni
BwZnvm ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j G K_vi †cÖvcU eySv hvq| ZvZvi Avµg‡b gymwjg wek¦ G‡Kev‡i wQbœwfbœ n‡q hvq| Gici gymwjg
we‡k¦i †K›`ªxq cÖkvmb, wkv`xvi Dbœqb BZ¨vw` mKj †‡Î ¯’weiZv Av‡m| wekvj gymwjg we‡k¦i K‡qKwU ivRavbx ev` w`‡j
me©Î AÁZv, Kzms¯‹vi, c~e©eZ©x ev cvk©eZ©x a‡g©i cÖfve, evwZbx kxqvM‡Yi cÖfve BZ¨vw` Kvi‡Y wkiK-Kzdi cÖej n‡q D‡V|
D¤§v‡Zi G `yw`©‡b mijcÖvY cÖPviwegyL mydx, `i‡ek I cxi-gvkvBL Avg-RbM‡bi g‡a¨ Bmjv‡gi wkv we¯—v‡i wbijm †Póv K‡i
hvb| Zuv‡`i mvnPv‡h© †h‡q gvbyl ZvInx`, wimvjvZ, Cgvb, Bmjvg I Bmjv‡gi ûKzg AvnKvg Kg‡ewk wkv jvf KiZ Ges
AvZ¥ïw×i †Póv KiZ| mvaviY gvbyl‡`i Cgvb, Bmjvg I AvLjvK MV‡b Zv‡`i f~wgKv wQj AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| G w`‡K j¨ K‡i
†Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwjg gZvgZ †ck K‡ib †h, cxi-gvkvB‡Li mvnPvh©I GKwU we‡kl †bK Avgj hv gnvb Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ AR©‡bi
¸i“Z¡c~Y© Aej¤^b|
wKš‘ AÁZvi Kvi‡Y Ges ¯^v_©v‡š^lx‡`i wg_¨v cÖPviYvi Kvi‡Y GK_vwU µgvš^‡q wkiKx A‡_© e¨eüZ n‡Z _v‡K| Avi‡ei
gykwiKMY †hgb Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ jv‡fi Rb¨ wdwikZv, bex, Ijx I Ab¨vb¨ Dcv‡m¨i Bev`Z KiZ, wVK †Zgwb A‡b‡K cxigvkvB‡Li
Bev`Z Kiv‡K Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ jv‡fi gva¨g e‡j g‡b Ki‡Z _v‡K| †KD ev Imxjv ej‡Z Ôga¨¯’ZvKvixÕ ev DcKiY
e‡j g‡b Ki‡Z _v‡K| Zviv g‡b Ki‡Z _v‡K †h, cxi-gvkvBL Avj­vn I Zuvi ev›`vi g‡a¨ ga¨¯’Zv K‡ib| Zv‡`i ga¨¯’Zv Qvov
†KD Avj­vni mš‘wó ev ingZ †c‡Z cv‡i bv| Giƒc A‡bK wkiKx aviYv gymwjg mgv‡R Qwo‡q c‡o| G welqK aviYv¸wj
wbgœiƒc:
(1) cx‡ii mvnPh©‡K Avj­vni ˆbK‡U¨i GKwU Imxjv g‡b Kiv
G aviYvwU g~jZ Bmjvg-m¤§Z| KziAvb I nv`x‡m †bKKvi gywgb-gyËvKxM‡Yi mvnPvh© MÖn‡Y Drmvn †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| Avgiv
†`‡LwQ †h, Imxjv A_© †bK Avgj| Avi KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wb‡`©kbv Abymv‡i Giƒc gyËvKxM‡Yi mvnPvh© MÖnY, mvvZ Kiv Ges
Avj­vni Iqv‡¯— Zv‡`i‡K fvjevmv G ch©v‡qi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© †bK-Avgj ev Imxjv|
Z‡e GLv‡b `ywU welq jYxq| cÖ_gZ, ÔcxiÕ e‡j †Kv‡bv we‡kl c`gh©v`v KziAvb I nv`x‡m D‡j­L Kiv nq wb| eis
Avwjg, mZ¨ev`x, gyËvKx, †bKKvi, mrKg©kxj, dih I bdj Bev`Z cvjbKvix, mybœv‡Zi Abymvix BZ¨vw` we‡klY D‡j­L
Kiv n‡q‡Q| cxi bvgavix e¨w³i g‡a¨ hw` G mKj evwn¨K ¸Y we`¨gvb bv _v‡K Z‡e Zvi mvnPvh© MÖnY Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ bq,
eis kqZv‡bi ˆbK‡U¨i Ab¨Zg Imxjv, hw`I Giƒc e¨w³ cxi, gyiwk`, Ijx, ev Abyiƒc †Kv‡bv bvg aviY K‡i| Avi hw`
KziAvb-nv`x‡m D‡j­wLZ Dch©y³ evwn¨K ¸Yvewj Kv‡iv g‡a¨ we`¨gvb _v‡K Z‡e wZwb ÔcxiÕ bvg aviY Ki“b Avi bvB Ki“b
Zvi mvnPh© gnvb Avj­vni ˆbKU¨jv‡fi Imxjv e‡j MY¨|
KziAvb, nv`xm I mvnvex-ZvweqxM‡Yi Kg©avivi Av‡jv‡K cxi-gywi`xi ¸i“Z¡, cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, mybœvZ-m¤§Z c×wZ, fyj-aviYv
BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ ÔGnBqvDm mybvbÕ I Ôiv‡n †ejvqvZÕ MÖ‡š’| m¤§vwbZ cvVK‡K cy¯—K`ywU cvV Ki‡Z
mweb‡q Aby‡iva KiwQ|
wØZxqZ, g~jZ gywg‡bi wb‡Ri Kg©B Zuvi Amxjv, Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gvbyl ev Zvi Kg© bq| GLv‡b Avj­vni mš‘wói D‡Ï‡k¨
†bKKvi gvbyl‡`i mvnPh© MÖnYB †bKKg© I Amxjv| Bmjvgx A‡_© †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Ab¨ e¨w³i ÔImxjvÕ n‡Z cv‡i bv, †KejgvÎ
gywg‡bi wb‡Ri Kg©B Zvi Imxjv| GgbwK ¯^qs ivm~jyj­vn � †Kv‡bv e¨w³i Rb¨ Imxjv n‡eb bv hZY bv †m Zuvi Dci Cgvb
MÖnY Ki‡e Ges Zuvi kixqZ cvjb Ki‡e| G‡‡Î g~jZ gywg‡bi Cgvb I kixqZ cvjbB Imxjv| Gi Kvi‡Y †m Avj­vni ˆbKU¨
jvf K‡i Ges Avj­vn Zuvi Dci mš‘ó n‡q Zuvi Rb¨ ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi kvdvÔAvZ, Rvbœv‡Zi mvnPvh© BZ¨vw` bmxe K‡i w`‡Z
cv‡ib|
(2) cx‡ii mvnPh©‡K Avj­vni ˆbK‡U¨i GKgvÎ Imxjv g‡b Kiv
Amxjv welqK weåvwš—Ki aviYvi GKwU n‡jv, cx‡ii mvnPvh©‡K Avj­vni ˆbKU¨jv‡fi GKgvÎ Imxjv e‡j g‡b Kiv|
AMwYZ bdj gy¯—vnve †bK K‡g©i g‡a¨ GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© †bK-Kg© n‡jv †bKKvi ev›`v‡`i mvnPvh© MÖnY Kiv| KziAvb I
nv`x‡mi wb‡`©kbv Abymv‡i Cgvb I Bmjv‡gi dih, IqvwRe, mybœvZ BZ¨vw` AvnKvg †g‡b PjvB g~j `xb| †bK-mvnPvh© G
mKj Bev`Z cvj‡b mnvqK| me©`v KziAvb wZjvIqv I Aa¨qb Kiv, nv`xm, mxivZ, kvgvBj cvV Kiv, mvnvexM‡Yi Rxebx
cvV Kivi gva¨‡gI cÖK…Z mvnPvh© MÖnY Kiv hvq|
(3) cx‡ii Kg©‡K wb‡Ri Imxjv e‡j g‡b Kiv
G welqK Ab¨ weåvwš— n‡jv, cx‡ii †ejvqvZ‡K wb‡Ri bvRv‡Zi DcKiY e‡j wek¦vm Kiv| Giƒc wek¦v‡mi Kvi‡Y
A‡b‡Ki aviYv, Avgvi wb‡Ri Kg© hvB †nvK bv †Kb, cxi mv‡ne †h‡nZz A‡bK eo Ijx, Kv‡RB wZwb Avgv‡K cvi Kwi‡q w`‡eb|
Giƒc wek¦vm KziAvb-nv`x‡mi wb‡`©‡ki mv‡_ mvsNwl©K| cÖ_gZ, †K eo Ijx Zv wbwðZ Rvbv †Zv `~‡ii K_v †K cÖK…Z Ijx ev †K
RvbœvZx ZvI wbwðZ Rvbvi Dcvq †bB| Avgiv evwn¨K Avg‡ji Dci wbf©i K‡i aviYv †cvlY Kwi Ges mvnPvh© MÖnY Kwi|
220

wØZxqZ, ivm~jyj­vn � evisevi e‡j‡Qb †h, Zuvi mš—vb, AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb, mvnvex ev Ab¨ KvD‡K wZwb Avj­vni B”Qvi evB‡i ÎvY
Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv| cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Zvi wb‡Ri †bK Avg‡ji gva¨‡g Avj­vni mš‘wó I bvRvZ jvf Ki‡Z n‡e| g~jZ gywg‡bi wb‡Ri
Kg©B Zvi bvRv‡Zi Imxjv| cx‡ii mvnPh© †_‡K gywgb Avj­vni c‡_ Pjvi Kg© wkv Ki‡eb, †cÖiYv jvf Ki‡eb Ges wb‡R Avgj
K‡i Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ jvf Ki‡eb|
G wek¦v‡mi wfwË n‡jv †h, gnvb Avj­vn KvD‡K kvdvÔAvZ Kivi Db¥y³ AbygwZ ev AwaKvi w`‡q‡Qb ev w`‡eb, wZwb wb‡Ri
B”QvgZ Kvwdi-gykwiK, dvwmK-‡Lv`‡`ªvnx hv‡K B”Qv ÎvY Ki‡eb| e¯‘Z Kv‡iv mycvwik Avj­vn ïb‡ebB ev Avj­vn Zv‡K B”QvgZ
mycvwik Kiv AwaKvi w`‡q‡Qb e‡j wek¦vm Kiv Avj­vni i“e~weq¨v‡Zi gZvq wkiK Kiv| G wek¦vmwU g~jZ Avi‡ei gykwiK‡`i
ÔkvdvÔAvZÕ welqK wek¦v‡mi gZ|
(4) Imxjv A_© DcKiY e‡j g‡b Kiv
Imxjv welqK Av‡iKwU weåvwš— n‡jv Imxjv A_© DcKiY e‡j g‡b Kiv| Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© Imxjv kãwUi A_© I Zvi
weeZ©b Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| KziAv‡b gywgb‡K †bK Avg‡ji gva¨‡g Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ AR©‡bi wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q, Avj­vni c‡_
†Kv‡bv AwZwi³ DcKiY Zvjvk Ki‡Z ejv nq wb| DcKiY `y cÖKv‡ii: RvMwZK I ag©xq| RvMwZK DcKiY mK‡jB
RvMwZK Áv‡bi gva¨‡g Rv‡b| †hgb fvZ wm× nIqvi DcKiY cvwb I Av¸Y, exR A¼zwiZ nIqvi DcKiY gvwU, cvwb I
Av‡jv| Avi ag©xq DcKiY GKgvÎ Inxi gva¨‡g Rvbv hvq| †hgb Ih~ Kiv mvjvZ Keyj nIqvi DcKiY, Cgvb weï× nIqv
†bK Avgj Keyj nIqvi DcKiY, AvZ¥xqZvi m¤úK© iv Kiv I gvby‡li DcKvi Kiv wihK e„w×i DcKiY| cx‡ii mvnPh©
jvf, gyix` nIqv BZ¨vw` †Kv‡bv †bK Avgj Keyj nIqv, `yÔAv Keyj nIqvi DcKiY bq| KviY KziAvb-nv`x‡m †Kv_vI Zv
ejv nq wb| Giƒc aviYv Avj­vni bv‡g wg_¨v ejv Ges Zv cieZ©x wkiKx wek¦vm¸wj c_ Db¥y³ K‡i|
(5) cxi‡K Avj­vn I ev›`vi g‡a¨ ga¨¯’ZvKvix g‡b Kiv
Imxjv welqK wkiKx wek¦v‡mi Ab¨Zg n‡jv cxi‡K Avj­vn I ev›`vi g‡a¨ ga¨¯’ZvKvix e‡j g‡b Kiv| `yfv‡e G
wek¦vm ÔcÖgvYÕ Kiv nq: cÖ_gZ KziAv‡bi A_© weK…Z Kiv Ges wØZxqZ Avi‡ei gykwiK‡`i gZ Ôhyw³Õ †ck Kiv| cÖ_g
ch©v‡q mijcÖvY gymwjg‡`i weåvš— Ki‡Z Giv mvaviYZ e‡j _v‡K ÔAvj­vn KziAv‡b e‡j‡Qb Imxjv a‡i Zuvi Kv‡Q †h‡Z,
Kv‡RB mivmwi Zv‡K WvK‡j n‡e bv| Av‡M Imxjv a‡iv|Õ Gfv‡e Zviv KziAv‡bi AvqvZ‡K weK…Z K‡ib| weK…wZi g~j wfwË
Imxjv k‡ãi A‡_©i cwieZ©‡bi g‡a¨| KziAv‡bi fvlvq Imxjv A_© ˆbKU¨ Ges Amxjv mÜv‡bi A_© gywg‡bi wb‡Ri †bK
K‡g©i gva¨‡g Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ mÜvb| Avi Giv eySvb Imxjv A_© ga¨¯’ZvKvix|
wØZxq ch©v‡q Giv hyw³ †`b †h, c„w_ex‡Z †hgb ivRv-ev`kvni `iev‡i †h‡Z gš¿x ev Avgjv‡`i mycvwik, ga¨¯’Zv I
wiK‡g‡Ûkb cÖ‡qvRb, †Zgwbfv‡e Avj­vni `iev‡iI cxi ev IjxM‡Yi wiK‡g‡Ûkb cÖ‡qvRb| cxi, ev Ijxi mycvwik ev
wiK‡g‡Ûkb Qvov †Kv‡bv `yÔAv Avj­vn Keyj K‡ib bv| ev›`v hZB Avj­v‡K WvKzK ev Bev`Z Ki“K, hZY bv Zv Ôh_vh_
KZ…©c‡i gva¨‡gÕ A_©vr cx‡ii wiK‡g‡Ûkb mn Zuvi `iev‡i hv‡e ZZY Zv MÖnY Kiv n‡e bv| A_ev c„w_exi wePvivj‡q †hgb
DwKj-e¨vwióv‡ii cÖ‡qvRb nq, †Zgwb Avj­vni `iev‡i cxi I IjxMY DwKj-e¨wióvwi K‡i gywi`-f³‡`i cvi K‡i w`‡eb| G
RvZxq aviYv¸wj meB Avi‡ei gykwiK‡`i wek¦v‡mi Abyiƒc Ges my¯úó wkiK| G wel‡q KziAvb-nv`x‡mi wb‡`©kbv B‡Zvc~‡e©
Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| GLv‡b ms‡‡c K‡qKwU wel‡qi cÖwZ `„wó AvKl©Y KiwQ:
(K) Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, G¸wj meB Avi‡ei gykwiK‡`i wek¦vm| G wek¦vmB wQj Zv‡`i mKj wki‡Ki g~j|
(L) G mKj wPš—v meB gnvb Avj­vni bv‡g wg_¨vPvi| gnvb Avj­vn †Kv_vI Nybv‡iI e‡jb wb †h, Zuvi Kv‡Q †h‡Z ev
`yÔAv Keyj n‡Z KL‡bv Kv‡iv mycvwik ev wiK‡g‡Ûkb jvM‡e| eis evisevi e‡j‡Qb †h, wZwb ev›`vi me‡P‡q Kv‡Q Ges ev›`v
WvK‡jB wZwb ï‡bb I mvov †`b|
(M) RvMwZK ivRv-ev`kvni `iev‡i evB‡ii AcwiwPZ †KD †M‡j Zvi Rb¨ mycvwik `iKvi nq, Zvi wb‡Ri
`iev‡ii ev PvKi‡`i †KD †M‡j Zvi Rb¨ mycvwik ev AbygwZi `iKvi nq bv, KviY wZwb wb‡RB Zv‡K fvjfv‡e †P‡bb|
Avj­vni mKj ev›`vB Zuvi `iev‡ii AvcbRb| Kv‡RB GK PvKi‡K `iev‡i †h‡Z Av‡iK PvK‡ii AbygwZ ev mycvwik jvM‡e
†Kb?
(N) RvMwZK ivRv-ev`kvn Zvi †`‡ki mevB‡K †P‡bb bv| †h e¨w³ Zvi `iev‡i wKQz cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z wM‡q‡Q †m wK
cÖZviK, wg_¨ev`x bv mZ¨ev`x Zv wZwb Rv‡bb bv| GRb¨ Zv‡K Avgjv‡`i mycvwi‡ki Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z nq| gnvb Avj­vn wK
Giƒc? †Kv‡bv ev›`vi wel‡q †Kv‡bv cxi, Ijx wK gnvb Avj­vni †P‡q †ewk Rv‡bb?
(O) RvMwZK ivRv-ev`kvn †µva-ekZ nqZ cÖRvi Dci K‡VviZv Ki‡Z cv‡ib, G‡‡Î gš¿x-Avgjv‡`i mycvwik
Zvi †µva m¤^iY Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| gnvb Avj­vn wK Z`ªƒc? gnvb Avj­vni `qv †ewk bv cxi-IjxM‡Yi `qv †ewk?
(P) RvMwZK wePvivj‡q wePviK Rv‡bb bv †h, m¤úwËwU Kvi cvIbv| DwKj-e¨vwióvi mZ¨ ev wg_¨v hyw³-ZK© I
AvB‡bi aviv †`wL‡q wePviK‡K eySv‡Z †Póv K‡ib| gnvb Avj­vn wK Z`ªƒc? DwKj mv‡neiv wK gnvb Avj­vn‡K ARvbv wKQz
Rvbv‡eb? bvwK Zv‡K fyj eywS‡q gvgjv LvwiR K‡i Avb‡eb? KziAvb Kvix‡g Avj­vn evisevi e‡j‡Qb †h, DwKj wn‡m‡e
221

wZwbB h‡_ó (ﹰﻼﻴﻜﻭ ﷲﺎﺒ ﻰﻔﻜ) 857 Ges Zuv‡K Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K DwKj ai‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb (ﻼﻴﻜﻭ ﻲﻨﻭﺩ ﻥﻤ ﺍﻭﺫﺨﺘﺘ ﻻﺃ) 858 |
GiciI wK Zuvi Kv‡Q Ab¨ KvD‡K DwKj aivi `iKvi Av‡Q?
(Q) gnvb Avj­vn‡K gvby‡li mv‡_ ev gvbexq ivRv-ev`kv‡`i mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv mKj wki‡Ki g~j| gnvb Avj­vni cÖwZ
Kz-aviYv Qvov G¸wj wKQzB bq|
(6) ga¨¯—ZvKvix‡K Dj~wnq¨v‡Zi n°`vi g‡b Kiv
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, gnvb Avj­vni mš‘wó jv‡fi bv‡g wdwikZv I bex-IjxM‡Yi Bev`Z Kiv n‡jv Avi‡ei gykwiK‡`i
Ab¨Zg wkiK hv KziAv‡b D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| Bev`Z A_© P~ovš— I A‡jŠwKK fw³, webq I AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvk| Giƒc AbyfywZ
wb‡q cxi-Ijx‡K mvR`v Kiv, Zuvi bvg hc Kiv, wec‡` Avc‡` `~i †_‡K Zuv‡K WvKv, Zvi Kv‡Q ÎvY PvIq BZ¨vw` G
ch©v‡qi wkiK|
5. 5. 1. 4. Avj­vni ûKzg cÖ`v‡bi gZvq wkiK
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, gnvb Avj­vni i“e~weq¨v‡Zi GKwU w`K †h, wZwb Zuvi cÖwZcvwjZ‡`i Rb¨ ûKzg, AvnKvg ev
wewaweavb cÖ`vb K‡ib| GKgvÎ Zuvi wb‡`©kB P~ovš— Ges Zuvi wb‡`©kB cÖK…Z nvjvj ev nvivg A_©vr ˆeaZv I A‰eaZv cÖ`vb K‡i|
Zuvi weavb Ab¨vb¨ Kivi ˆeaZvq wek¦vm, Zuvi †Kv‡bv weav‡bi MÖnY‡hvM¨Zvq Awek¦vm A_ev wZwb Qvov Ab¨ †KD weavb cÖ`v‡bi
P~ovš— gZv iv‡Lb e‡j wek¦vm Kiv BZ¨vw` Zuvi cÖwZcvj‡bi ZvInx‡`i mv‡_ mvsNwl©K Kzdi I wkiK| mgv‡R cÖPwjZ G
ch©v‡qi wki‡Ki wewfbœ w`K i‡q‡Q| †m¸wji Ab¨Zg:
5. 5. 1. 4. 1. cvc‡K ˆea e‡j wek¦vm Kiv
†Kv‡bv Kg© hw` KziAvb-nv`x‡mi mywbwðZ I m‡›`nvZxZ cÖgvY Øviv cvc wn‡m‡e cÖgvwYZ nq Z‡e †m cvc‡K nvjvj
ev ˆea e‡j wek¦vm Kiv Kzdi| Abyiƒcfv‡e kixq‡Zi cÖgvwYZ †Kv‡bv welq wb‡q Dcnvm Kiv ev nvwm-g¯‹iv KivI Kzd&i|
†gvj­v Avjx Kvix (ivn) e‡jb:
ﺍﺫـﻜﻭ ... ﺭـﻔﻜ ﺎـﻬﺒ ﺔﻨﺎﻬﺘـﺴﻻﺍ ﺍﺫـﻜﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻌﻁﻗ ﺔﻟﻻﺩﺒ ﺔﻴﺼﻌﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜ ﺕﺒﺜ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﻭﺃ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺓﺭﻴﻐﺼ ﺔﻴﺼﻌﻤﻟﺍ لﻼﺤﺘﺴﺍ
. ﺭﻔﻜ ﺀﺍﺭﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺭﺸﻟﺎﺒ ﺀﺍﺯﻬﺘﺴﻻﺍ
Ò†Kv‡bv cvc Zv mMxiv †nvK ev Kexiv †nvK, Zv hw` mywbwðZ I m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e cvc e‡j cÖgvwYZ nq Z‡e Zv ˆea ev
nvjvj g‡b Kiv Kzdi| Abyiƒcfv‡e †Kv‡bv cvc‡K nvjKv ev Mv-mIqv e‡j Ae‡njv KivI Kzdi| Abyiƒcfv‡e kixqZ‡K wb‡q
Dcnvm ev g¯‹iv KivI Kzdi|Ó 859
GLv‡b Kzdi I wkiK Awe‡”Q`¨fv‡e RwoZ| KviY ev›`v Avj­vni weavb `v‡bi mve©‡fŠg gZv I Zuvi weav‡bi
Aj•NbxqZv A¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q Ges mv‡_ mv‡_B †m wb‡R‡K ev Ab¨ KvD‡K weavb wePv‡ii ev weavb cÖ`v‡bi gZvi AwaKvix
e‡j g‡b K‡i‡Q|
5. 5. 1. 4. 2. Avj­vni wb‡`©‡ki mgv‡jvPbv ev Dcnvm
gnvb Avj­vni †Kv‡bv bvg ev wb‡`©k wb‡q Dcnvm Kiv ev Zuvi gh©v`vi AegvbbvKi †Kv‡bv we‡klY ev Kg© Zuvi Dci
Av‡ivc Kiv GB ch©v‡qi Kzdi I wkiK| 860 mgv‡R cÖPwjZ G mKj Kzd‡ii g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q, c`©v, mvjvZ, hvKvZ, wmqvg,
n¾, wewfbœ Bmjvgx AvBb, Pzwii kvw¯—, e¨wfPv‡ii kvw¯—, g`cv‡bi kvw¯—, g„Zz¨`‡Êi weavb, Zvjv‡Ki weavb ev my¯úó I
m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e cÖgvwYZ kixq‡Zi †Kv‡bv weavb‡K wb‡q Dcnvm Kiv, Zvgvkv Kiv, Giƒc †Kv‡bv weavb APj, A‰eÁvwbK,
AgvbweK ev Abyc‡hvMx e‡j g‡b Kiv, G¸wji cÖwZ Aš—‡ii weiw³ ev AvcwË Abyfe Kiv, ev G¸wj Bmjv‡gi g‡a¨ bv
_vK‡j Bmjvg Av‡iv DbœZ ag© e‡j cÖgvwYZ n‡Zv e‡j g‡b Kiv| Giƒc mKj wek¦vm I aviYvB Dc‡ii wek¦v‡mi gZ Kzdi
I wkiK|
5. 5. 1. 4. 3. Avj­vni wb‡`©k Agv‡b¨i ˆeaZvq wek¦vm
Avgiv Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ †h, Avj­vni wb‡`©‡ki ev Bmjv‡gi wewaweav‡bi cÖwZ wek¦vmmn hw` †KD Zvi e¨wZµg K‡i ev
Aeva¨Zvq wjß nq Z‡e Zv cvc e‡j MY¨ nq, Kzdi e‡j MY¨ nq bv| wKš‘ Giƒc K‡g© wjß gvbyl hw` Giƒc e¨wZµg Kiv‡K ˆea
e‡j g‡b K‡i Z‡e Zv Kzdi I wkiK e‡j MY¨ n‡e| KviY G‡Z gnvb Avj­vni i“e~weq¨vZ, weavb`vb I Zuvi weav‡bi Aj•NYxqZv
A¯^xKvi Kiv nq Ges Ab¨ Kv‡iv Avj­vni weav‡bi ch©v‡jvPbv ev evwZj Kivi gZv Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm Kiv nq|
mgv‡R G ch©v‡qi wkiK-Kzd‡ii `ywU cÖKvk Av‡Q:
cÖ_gZ: Kzms¯‹viv”Qb AÁ gvbyl‡`i g‡a¨ dwKix gZ mswk­ó AwZfw³| Giƒc gvby‡liv wek¦vm K‡i †h, †Kv‡bv gvbyl
gnvb Avj­vni Bev`Z e‡›`Mx Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Ggb ch©v‡q †h‡Z cv‡i †h, Zvici Avi Zvi kixq‡Zi wewaweavb cvjb Kiv
Ri“ix _v‡K bv Ges Zvi Rb¨ kixqZ j•Nb Kiv ˆea n‡q hvq| Giƒc wek¦vm m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e Kzdi I wkiK| Giƒc wek¦vm
222

†cvlYKvix hw` wb‡R kixqZ cvjb K‡ib ZeyI wZwb Kvwdi I gykwiK e‡j MY¨ n‡eb|
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, mgv‡R wkiK cÖmv‡ii Ab¨Zg KviY KziAvb, nv`xm I mvnvexM‡Yi Rxebaviv m¤ú‡K© AÁZv Ges
cieZ©x hy‡Mi AvIwjqv‡q †Kiv‡gi bv‡g cÖPwjZ AMwYZ mZ¨-wg_¨v ev‡bvqvU I AvR¸we Kvwnbxi cÖv`yf©ve| G mKj Mí
Kvwnbx‡K Ô`jxjÕ K‡i GRvZxq wkiK wek¦vm‡K mg_©‡bi †Póv Kiv nq|
wØZxqZ: AvaywbK wkwZ A_P Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© AÁ gvbyl‡`i Bmjvgx AvBb welqK Abyf~wZ| A‡bK wkwZ gvbyl
wb‡R‡K gymwjg e‡j wek¦vm Kiv m‡Ë¡I Ges Bmjv‡gi wKQz weavb cvjb Kiv m‡Ë¡I Bmjvgx wewaweavb, G¸wji ˆeÁvwbK †cÖvcU
I mvgvwRK djvdj m¤ú‡K© AÁZv Ges Bmjv‡gi wei“‡× cvðvZ¨ µz‡mWvi‡`i MZ nvRvi eQ‡ii wg_¨v cÖPviYvi Kvi‡Y A‡bK
mgq Bmjv‡gi †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv weavb‡K mg‡qi Rb¨ Aby‡cv‡hvMx A_ev A‡cvK…Z `ye©j g‡b K‡ib, A_ev Ab¨ a‡g©i ev mgv‡Ri
cÖPwjZ weavb‡K DËg g‡b K‡ib| Giv mÁv‡b ev AÁvZmv‡i Avj­vni weav‡bi e¨wZµg wePvi dqmvjv cÖ`vb‡K ˆea Ges †Kv‡bv
Aciva bq e‡j g‡b K‡ib| Giƒc aviYv Kzdi I wkiK| †KD hw` e¨w³MZ `ye©jZv, †jvf, AmnvqZ¡, AÁZv ev Abyiƒc †Kv‡bv
Kvi‡Y Avj­vni weavb j•Nb K‡ib ev Avj­vni wb‡`©‡ki wecix‡Z weavb ev dqmvjv cÖ`vb K‡ib Z‡e Zv cvc e‡j MY¨, Kzdi ev
wkiK bq| wKš‘ hw` †KD Giƒc Kiv‡K ˆea e‡j g‡b K‡ib ev Avj­vni weavb I wb‡`©k Agvb¨ Kivi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv Aciva Av‡Q
e‡j g‡b bv K‡ib Z‡e Zv Kzdi I wkiK e‡j MY¨|
gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒAvj­vn hv AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Z`bymv‡i hviv weavb †`q bv ZvivB Kvwdi|Ó 861
G AvqvZ cÖm‡½ Avj­vgv Beby Avwej Bh&h e‡jb: ÒGLv‡b GKwU wel‡qi cÖwZ we‡klfv‡e j¨ Ki‡Z n‡e| Zv n‡jv,
Avj­vn hv bvwhj K‡i‡Qb Zv e¨ZxZ Ab¨ wKQz Øviv weavb ev dqmvjv cÖ`vb Kzdi e‡j MY¨ n‡Z cv‡i, †h Kvi‡Y mswk­ó e¨w³
ag©Pz¨Z ev gyiZv` e‡j MY¨ n‡e, Avevi Zv Kexiv ev mMxiv †Mvbvn ev cvc e‡j MY¨ n‡Z cv‡i, G‡‡Î Zv Kzdi AvmMvi A_©vr
zÎZi Kzdi ev iƒcK Kzdi e‡j MY¨ n‡e| welqwU wbf©i Ki‡e wePviK ev dqmvjvKvixi Ae¯’vi Dc‡i| weavbwU †h Avj­vn
cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb †m wel‡q mywbwðZ nIqv m‡Ë¡I hw` †m g‡b K‡i †h, Avj­vn hv bvwhj K‡i‡Qb †m Abymv‡i weavb ev dqmvjv cÖ`vb
Zvi Rb¨ Ri“ix bq, A_ev †m Avj­vni wb‡`©wkZ weavbwU‡K AeÁv K‡i ev Ae‡njv K‡i Z‡e Zv Kzdi AvKevi ev cvwifvwlK
Kzd&i I ag©Z¨vM e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
Avi hw` †m wek¦vm K‡i †h, Avj­vni bvwhjK…Z weavb Abymv‡i dqmvjv cÖ`vb Ri“ix Ges wePvh© wel‡q Avj­vni bvwhjK…Z
weavbI †m Rv‡b, wKš‘ †m D³ weavb cwiZ¨vM K‡i Ab¨ fv‡e dqmvjv `vb K‡i Ges ¯^xKvi K‡i †h Giƒc Kivi Kvi‡Y †m kvw¯—
cvIqvi †hvM¨, Z‡e †m cvcx| Giƒc cvcx e¨w³‡K iƒcK A‡_© ev Kzdi AvmM‡ii A‡_© Kvwdi ejv nq|
Avi hw` †m D³ wel‡q Avj­vni weavb m¤ú‡K© AÁ _v‡K, Zvi mva¨gZ weavb m¤ú‡K© AeMZ nIqvi Rb¨ †Póv Kiv
m‡Ë¡I AÁZvi Kvi‡Y †m fyj K‡i Z‡e †m‡‡Î †m fyjKvix e‡j we‡ewPZ| †m Zvi mva¨gZ †Póv Kivi Ki‡Y mvIqve I
cyi¯‹vi jvf Ki‡e Ges Zvi fy‡ji Aciva gv Kiv n‡e|Ó 862
5. 5. 2. Bev`v‡Zi wkiK
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Bev`Z A_© cÖMvo fq I Avkvi mv‡_ Kv‡iv mvg‡b wb‡Ri P~ovš— fw³, webq I AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvk
Kiv| Avgiv Rvwb †h, Bmjv‡g bexMY, AvwjgMY, eq¯‹MY, †bKKvi gvbylMY, wcZvgvZv ev kvmK-cÖkvmK‡K fvjevm‡Z,
kª×v Ki‡Z I AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Q| G‡`i fvjevmv, kª×v I AvbyMZ¨ cÖKvk Ki‡Z †M‡j fw³ I webq Avm‡eB|
cvkvcvwk P~ovš— fw³, webq I AmnvqZ¡ GKgvÎ gnvb Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv mvg‡bB cÖKvk Kiv hv‡e bv| G `ywU wel‡qi g‡a¨
mxgv‡iLv iv Kiv bv †M‡j Bev`‡Zi wki‡Ki g‡a¨ wbcwZZ nIqvi mg~n m¤¢vebv _v‡K| GRb¨ G welqK wkiK Av‡jvPbv
Av‡M G wel‡q K‡qKwU g~jbxwZ ms‡‡c D‡j­L KiwQ|
(1) i“e~weq¨v‡Zi wkiK †_‡KB Bev`‡Zi wki‡Ki DrcwË| Kv‡iv g‡a¨ ÔA‡jŠwKKÕ gZv Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡jB
Zvi cÖwZ ÔA‡jŠwKKÕ fw³ cÖ`k©‡bi cÖeYZv Rb¥ †bq| GRb¨ KziAvb I nv`x‡m evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, gnvb Avj­vn
Qvov †Kv‡bviƒc Kj¨vY-AKj¨v‡Yi gZv Avi Kv‡iv †bB Ges Avj­vn KL‡bv †Kv‡bvfv‡e KvD‡K Zv †`b bv| kvdvÔAvZ,
KvivgvZ, gywRhv, `yÔAv Keyj meB gnvb Avj­vni gZv I ZuviB B”Qvaxb| me©`v KziAvb I nv`xm A_©mn Aa¨q‡bi gva¨‡g
ZvInx‡`i G wek¦m my`„p KivB Bev`‡Zi wkiK †_‡K euvPvi Dcvq|
(2) nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Rvwb †h, gnvb Avj­vn wcZvgvZvi `yÔAv Keyj K‡ib Ges Av‡iv Rvwb †h, wZwb Zuvi †bKKvi wcÖq
ev›`v‡`i ev Ijx‡`i `yÔAv Keyj K‡ib| `ywU welqB nv`x‡m GKBfv‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ KL‡bvB Avgiv †`Le bv †h,
†Kv‡bv gvbyl Zvi wcZvgvZvi Kv‡Q `yÔAvi Rb¨ P~ovš— fw³ I AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvk Ki‡Q| cvš—‡i GKRb ÔIjxÕ-i mvg‡b ev Zvi
gvRv‡ii mvg‡b †m ÔP~ovš— fw³, webq I AmnvqZÕ¡ cÖKvk Ki‡Q| Gi KviY †m Zvi wcZvgvZvi wel‡q wbwðZiƒ‡c Rv‡b †h,
wcZvgvZvi `yÔAv Avj­vn Keyj K‡ib, Z‡e Kiv bv Kiv Avj­vn B”Q| Avi ÔIjxÕi †‡Î Zvi aviYv †h Zuvi `yÔAv Keyj Kiv Avi
223

†mfv‡e Avj­vni B”Qvaxb †bB, eis Zuvi `yÔAv Keyj nIqvi welqwU mywbwðZ| gnvb Avj­vn Zuv‡K GZ fvjev‡mb †h, Zuvi `yÔAv
wZwb †dj‡Z cvi‡eb bv.... BZ¨w`| Avi Giƒc aviYvB wki‡Ki Drm|
(3) †K Kvi wcZv I gvZv Zv mK‡jB mywbwðZfv‡e Rv‡b| cvš—‡i †K Ijx Zv †KDB mywbwðZfv‡e Rv‡b bv| Avgiv
B‡Zvc~‡e© G wel‡q KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wb‡`©kbv Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ Ges cieZ©x Aa¨v‡qI G wel‡q Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj
RvgvÔAvZ I kxqv‡`i gZvgZ Av‡jvPbv Kie, Bbkv Avj­vn| Zvn‡j †`Lyb! GKRb wbwðZ Rv‡bb †h, G e¨w³ Zvi wcZv ev
gvZv Ges wbwðZ Rv‡bb †h, wcZv I gvZvi `yÔAv Avj­vn Keyj K‡ib| A_P Zv m‡Ë¡I wZwb Zuvi Kv‡Q wb‡Ri P~ovš— fw³ I
AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvk Ki‡Qb bv| A_P wZwbB GKRb gvbyl‡K ÔIjxÕ e‡j aviYv Ki‡Qb, hw`I †m e¨w³ mZ¨B Avj­vni Ijx wKbv
Zv †Kv‡bvfv‡eB wZwb ej‡Z cv‡ib bv, Zvici wZwb Zvi we‡kl AwaKv‡ii aviYv Ki‡Qb Ges G `ywU ÔaviYvÕi wfwˇZ gnvb
Avj­vn‡K ev` w`‡q D³ e¨w³i wbKU wb‡Ri P~ovš— fw³ I AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvk Ki‡Qb|
(4) fvjevmv I fw³i †‡Î Bmjvgx Abyf~wZ I wkiKx Abyf~wZi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ j¨ Ki“b| wkiKx wek¦v‡m gvbyl g‡b
K‡i †h, G e¨w³ ÔIjxÕ, mvay, ÔmvB evevÕ, ÔAeZviÕ ev Abyiƒc wKQz| G e¨w³ nv‡Z Avgv‡`i †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK Kj¨vY ev
AKj¨v‡Yi mKj ev wKQz gZv Av‡Q| G‡K Avj­vn gZv w`‡q w`‡q‡Qb A_ev Zvi GKwU we‡kl AwaKvi i‡q‡Q, hv‡Z Zvi
mycvwik wZwb †dj‡Z cvi‡eb bv| Zuv‡K m¤§vb I fw³ K‡i Zuvi GKUz mybRi jvf Ki‡Z cvi‡jB Zuvi A‡jŠwKK cÖfv‡e
Avgvi wec` †K‡U hv‡e ev †ivM †m‡i hv‡e| Avwg †bKKg© Kwi ev bv-Kwi Zuv‡K fw³ Ki‡j wZwb Avgv‡K ciKv‡j Avgvi
KvÊvix n‡eb| Kv‡RB †hfv‡e cvwi, nv‡Z a‡i, cv‡q a‡i †Kv‡bvfv‡e G‡K Lywk Ki‡Z cvi‡jB Avgvi D‡Ïk¨ nvwmj n‡e|
cvš—‡i ÒIjxÓ-i ZvÕhx‡gi †‡Î GKRb gymwj‡gi wPš—v n‡jv, GB e¨w³ Avj­vni fv‡jv ev›`v| wZwb Avgvi gvwj‡Ki
AbyMZ †Mvjvg| Avgvi gvwj‡Ki †Mvjvwg‡Z wZwb AMÖmi e‡jB Avwg Zuv‡K fw³ Kwi I fvjevwm, †hb Avgvi gvwjK Avj­vn Lywk
nb| Avwg Avj­vni †Mvjvwg‡K fvjevwm| Avi Zuvi †Mvjvwg‡Z †h fv‡jv Zv‡KI fvjevwm| Avwg ivm~jyj­vn �-†K fvjevwm| Zuvi
Abymvix‡KI Avwg wbtk‡Z© I wb¯^v‡_© fvjevwm| Avgvi GB fw³ I fvjevmv GKvš—B Avj­vni Rb¨ I Avj­vni D‡Ï‡k¨| GB
e¨w³i Kv‡Q Avgvi †Kv‡bv PvIqv- cvIqv †bB| †Kv‡bv gZvI Zuvi †bB| Z‡e Avwg Rvwb †h, Avj­vni †Mvjvwg I ivm~jyj­vn �-
Gi Abymi‡Y wjß gvbyl‡K fvjevm‡j Avj­vn Lywk nb, ZvB fvjevwm| GRb¨ †h c×wZ‡Z G mKj gvbyl‡K fvjevm‡Z I m¤§vb
Ki‡Z Avj­vn I Zuvi gnvb ivm~j (�)-‡K wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb wVK †mB c×wZ‡Z Zuv‡`i fvj‡e‡m I m¤§vb K‡i Avj­vni ingZ I
mš‘wó AR©b K‡i ab¨ n‡Z PvB|
(5) B‡Zvc~‡e© KziAvb-nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K wkiKx Kg©¸wji eY©bvq Avgiv Bev`‡Zi wki‡K cÖKvi¸wj †`‡LwQ| Avgiv
†`‡LwQ †h, mvR`v, KzievYx, DrmM©, RevB, gvbZ, `yÔAv, WvKv, ÎvY cÖv_©bv Kiv, ZvIqv°zj, fq, Avkv, fvjevmv, AvbyMZ¨,
whqviZ, Zvevii“K BZ¨vw` welq wki‡Ki g~j| Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv Rb¨ mvR`v Kiv, DrmM©, RevB ev gvbZ Kiv, Avj­vn Qvov
KvD‡K A‡jŠwKK fv‡e WvKv ev Abycw¯’Z KvD‡K WvKv I A‡jŠwKK mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Kiv wkiK| Abyiƒcfv‡e Avj­vn Qvov
Kv‡iv Dci ü`‡qi cÖMvo fq I fvjevmvmn P~ovš— fw³gq ZvIqv°zj Kiv, Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv bvg wb‡q c‡_ †ei nIqv,
b`x‡Z Svc †`Iqv, hvÎv ïi“ Kiv, evwYR¨ ïi“ Kiv ev †h †Kv‡bvfv‡e A‡jŠwKK wbf©iZv I ZvIqv°zj cÖKvk Kiv wkiK|
GKBfv‡e Avj­vn Qvov KvD‡K A‡jŠwKK fq, Avkv I fvjevm wkiK| GQvov Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv P~ovš— I cÖkœvZxZ AvbyMZ¨
Kiv wkiK| hw` †KD g‡b K‡ib †h, †cvc, cv`wi, cxi, ¸i“, muvB evev, LvRv evev, wcZvgvZv ev Ab¨ †KD hw` †Kv‡bv
cv‡ci wb‡`©k †`q Z‡e KvRwU kixq‡Z cvc n‡jI Avgvi Rb¨ Zv Rv‡qh n‡q hv‡e, A_ev Giƒc †Kv‡bv e¨w³ hw` †Kv‡bv
wb‡`©k †`b Z‡e kixqZ wePvi bv K‡i Zv cvjb Kiv‡K Ri“ix n‡e, wZwb †Kv‡bv wKQz‡K ˆea ej‡j Zv ˆea n‡q hv‡e, wZwb
hw` e‡jb GLb †_‡K †Zvgvi Avi AgyK dih Bev`Z Kiv jvM‡e bv Zvn‡j Avgvi Rb¨ D³ Bev`ZwU Abvek¨K n‡q hv‡e
... Zvn‡j wbtm‡›`‡n Zv AvbyM‡Z¨i wkiK e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
(6) Avi‡ei Kvwdi‡`i Rb¨ Ges Bn`~x-L„÷vb‡`i Rb¨ †hgb Zv wkiK, †Zgwb gymwjg bvgavix †KD hw` †Kv‡bv
bex, Ijx, gvRvi, Kei, ¯§„wZgq `ªe¨ BZ¨vw`i †‡Î Giƒc Kg© K‡i Z‡e ZvI GKBiƒc wkiK e‡j MY¨ n‡e| AÁZvi
Kvi‡Y †KD nqZ g‡b Ki‡Z cvv‡ib †h, Avi‡ei gykwiKMY G mKj Bev`Z g~wZ ev cÖwZgvi Rb¨ KiZ e‡jB KziAv‡b
Zv‡`i wb›`v Kiv n‡q‡Q| bexMY I IjxMY †Zv Avi Ag cÖwZgv bb, eis Zuvi mg Avj­vni wcÖq ev›`v, Zviv me †kv‡bb,
†`‡Lb Ges mycvwik K‡ib, Kv‡RB Zv‡`i‡K WvK‡j, Zv‡`i Dci ZvIqv°zj Ki‡j ev Zv‡`i Rb¨ gvbZ Ki‡j Amyweav
†Kv_vq| KziAvb I nv`x‡mi eY©bv m¤ú‡K© cwic~Y© AÁZvi Kvi‡YB Giƒc K_v ejv nq| cÖ_gZ, hviv g~wZc~Rv K‡ib Zviv
KL‡bvB g‡b K‡ib bv †h, gvwU ev cv_‡ii gywZ©wU Zv‡`i WvK †kv‡b ev cÖ‡qvRb †gUvq| eis Zviv g‡b K‡ib †h, G g~wZ©wU
hvi, †m e¨w³i AvZ¥vB Zv‡`i WvK †kv‡b Ges cÖ‡qvRb †gUvq| ïay Zvi ¯§„wZ wn‡m‡e g~wZ‡K Zviv mvg‡b iv‡L| Avgv‡`i
†`‡ki †h †Kv‡bv wn›`y cwÊZ‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡jI Zv Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|
wØZxqZ, KziAvb-nv`x‡m my¯úó ejv n‡q‡Q †h, gywZ© BZ¨vw` Ro c`v‡_©i c~Rv QvovI Avi‡ei gykwiKMY wdwikZvMY,
bexMY I wRbœM‡YiI Bev`Z KiZ, L„÷vbMY Cmv (Av) I gwiqg (Av)-Gi Bev`Z KiZ, Bn~`xMY DhvBi (Av)-Gi Bev`Z
KiZ| KziAvb I nv`x‡m G‡`i‡K WvKv, ÎvY PvIqv, G‡`i Rb¨ gvbZ, RevB, DrmM©, ZvIqv°zj BZ¨vw` Kg©‡K GKBf‡e wkiK
e‡j MY¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Dc‡i Imxjv welqK KziAv‡bi Avqv‡Z Avgviv †`‡LwQ †h, gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb: Òej, †Zvgiv Avj­vn
e¨ZxZ hv‡`i‡K (Bjvn) aviYv Ki Zv‡`i‡K AvnŸvb Ki, †Zvgv‡`i `ytL-‰`b¨ `~i Kivi A_ev cwieZ©b Kivi kw³ Zv‡`i †bB|Õ
224

Zviv hv‡`i‡K AvnŸvb K‡i ZvivB †Zv Zv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki ˆbKU (Imxjv) mÜvb K‡i, †K KZ †ewk wbKUZi n‡Z cv‡i, Zviv
Zuvi `qv cÖZ¨vkv K‡i Ges Zuvi kvw¯—‡K fq K‡i| †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki kvw¯— fqven|Ó 863
mvnvexMY D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, Kvwdiiv †h mKj wdwikZv I wRbœ‡`i Bev`Z KiZ Zv‡`i wel‡q G K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| G
mKj wdwikZv ev wRbœ RxweZ wQ‡jb, Zuviv Avj­vni †bK ev›`v wQ‡jb, wKš‘ KziAv‡b Zv‡`i WvKv‡K wkiK e‡j MY¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q
Ges ¯úóZB ejv n‡q‡Q †h, wec` KvUv‡bvi ev ÎvY Kivi †Kv‡bv gZv Zv‡`i †bB|
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K mgv‡R cÖPwjZ Bev`Z welqK wkiKx Kg©¸wj Avgiv mn‡RB eyS‡Z cvwi| ZviciI mgv‡Ri me©¯—
‡i e¨vcKfv‡e cÖPwjZ wKQz wki‡Ki wel‡q GKUz we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| wb‡gœ G RvZxq wKQz K‡g©i Av‡jvPbv KiwQ|
5. 5. 2. 1. MvBi“j­vni Rb¨ mvR`v
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, KziAvb Kvix‡g my¯úóZ Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K mvR`v Ki‡Z wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| gymwjg D¤§vni
cÖvq mKj Avwjg GKgZ †h, Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv Rb¨ mvR`v KivB wki&K| KviY, Bev`Z Qvov ev P~ovš— fw³i cÖKvk Qvov
†KD KvD‡K mvR`v K‡i bv| RvMwZK fq, fxwZ, m¤§vb BZ¨vw`i Rb¨ GKRb Av‡iKR‡bi cv Rwo‡q ai‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘
¯^vfvweKfv‡e GKgvÎ A‡jŠwKK I Acvw_©e fw³ I web‡qi AN©¨ Qvov †KD Kv‡iv Rb¨ mvR`v K‡i bv|
Avj­vgv Beby Av‡e`xb e‡jb:
ﻰﻟﺎـﻌﺘ ﷲﺍ ﺭـﻴﻐﻟ ﺩﺠﺴ ﻭﻟ ﻰﺘﺤ ،ﻩﺩﺤﻭ ﺓﺩﺎﺒﻋ ﻉﺭﺸﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺓﻭﻼﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺠﺴﻜ ﻡﺎﻴﻗ ﻼﺒ ﺓﺩﺎﺒﻋ ﻉﺭﺸ ﻪﻨﻻ لﺼﺃ ﺩﻭﺠﺴﻟﺍﻭ
. ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻑﻼﺨﺒ ﺭﻔﻜﻴ
ÒmvR`vB n‡jv g~j; KviY mvR`v †KejgvÎ Bev`Z wn‡m‡eB kixq‡Z wba©vwiZ, wKqvg ev `Êvqgvb nIqv Z`ªƒc bq, `uvov‡bv
†KejgvÎ Bev`Z wn‡m‡e kixq‡Z wba©vwiZ bq| GRb¨ hw` †KD Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv Rb¨ mvR`v K‡i Z‡e †m Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ n‡e,
`uvov‡bvi welqwU Z`ªƒc bq|Ó 864
cÖwm× nvbvdx dKxn Avj­vgv hvBjvqx e‡jb: ÒBgvg gynv¤§v‡`i Ôwhqv`vZÕ MÖ‡š’ D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, mvjv‡Zi g‡a¨
mvR`vB gyj, wKqvg ev `uvov‡bv n‡jv `uvov‡bv †_‡K mvR`vq hvIqvi D‡Ï‡k¨| ... Gi KviY mvR`vB n‡jv gvwUi Dci Kcvj
†i‡L Avj­vni Rb¨ P~ovš— fw³-webq cÖKvk Kiv| GRb¨ hw` †KD gvwU‡Z Kcvj †i‡L Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv mvR`v K‡i Z‡e
†m Kvwdi n‡q hv‡e| wKš‘ Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv Rb¨ `uvov‡j ev i“Kz Ki‡j Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ n‡e bv|Ó 865
nvbvdx wdK&‡ni Ab¨Zg Bgvg Avj­vgv mvivLmx Zuvi gvem~Z MÖ‡š’ e‡jb: Ò...G †_‡K cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj­vn Qvov
KvD‡K Zvhxg ev m¤§vb cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ mvR`v Kiv Kzd&ix|Ó 866
gymwjg D¤§vni A‡bK Avwjg mvR`v‡K `yfv‡M fvM K‡i‡Qb: (1) myR~`y Zvwnq¨vn ( ﺔ�ﻴﺤﺗ دﻮﺠ�ﺳ) ev mvjv‡gi mvR`v
Ges (2) myR~`y Bev`vZ ( ةدﺎ�ﺒﻋ دﻮﺠ�ﺳ)
ev Bev`‡Zi mvR`v| Zuviv e‡j‡Qb †h, Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K Bev`‡Zi mvR`v
Kiv mivmwi wki&K| Avi Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K mvjvg-ÁvcK mvR`v Kiv nvivg I KwVb †Mvbv‡ni KvR, Z‡e Zv mivmwi
wki&K e‡j MY¨ n‡e bv| hw` †KD Giƒc nvivg KvR‡K ˆea e‡j wek¦vm K‡i Z‡e Zv Kzd&i e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
KziAvb †_‡K Rvbv hvq †h, wdwikZvMY Av`g‡K mvR`v K‡ib Ges BDmyd (Av)-Gi wcZvgvZv I åvZ…MY Zuv‡K mvR`v
K‡ib| Zv‡`i G mvR`v wKiƒc wQj Zv wb‡q gydvm&wmiM‡Yi gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q| †KD e‡j‡Qb Zviv gvwU‡Z gv_v †i‡L cwic~Y© mvR`v
K‡ib Ges †KD e‡j‡Qb †h, Zviv i“Kzi gZ gv_v SzwK‡q mvjvg K‡ib, Avi i“Kz Kiv‡KI KziAvb Kvix‡g mvR`v ejv n‡q‡Q| 867
me©ve¯’vq Giƒc mvjvg ÁvcK mvR`v ev ÔcÖYvgÕ Kiv c~e©eZ©x kixq‡Z ˆea wQj, Z‡e Bmjv‡g Zv nvivg Kiv n‡q‡Q, †hgb
fvB‡ev‡b weevn, `y‡evb‡K GK‡Î weevn, g`cvb BZ¨vw` welq c~e©eZ©x †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv kixq‡Z ˆea wQj wKš‘ Bmjvgx kixq‡Z
nvivg Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K m¤§vb ÁvcK ev mvjvg ÁvcK mvR`v Kivi wb‡lavÁv welqK nv`xm¸wj gyZvIqvwZi
ch©v‡qi| Ave~ ûivBiv, gyÔAvh Beby Rvevj, mynvBe, hvB` Beby AviKvg, Avãyj­vn Beby AveŸvm, myivKv Beby gvwjK, Av‡qkv,
Bmgvn, Avbvm Beby gvwjK, Avãyj­vn Beby Avex AvIdv, KvBm Beby mvÕ` (�) cÖgyL mvnvex †_‡K wewfbœ mb‡` G wel‡q
A‡bK nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| 868 GK nv`x‡m Av‡qkv (iv) e‡jb,
�ﺩ�ﺠ�ﺴﹶﺘ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ �ﻪ�ﺒﺎ�ﺤ�ﺼَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﺩ�ﺠ�ﺴﹶﻓ �ﺭﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﺀﺎ�ﺠﹶﻓ ﹺﺭﺎ�ﺼﹾﻨَﻷﺍ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴﹺﺭﹺﺠﺎ�ﻬ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹴﺭﹶﻔﹶﻨ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻥِﺇ
ﹸﺕ�ﺭ�ﻤَﻷ �ﺩ�ﺤَﻷ �ﺩ�ﺠ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﻤﺁ ﹸﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎﹶﺨَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﻤﹺﺭﹾﻜَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋﺍ
َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻙﹶﻟ �ﺩ�ﺠ�ﺴﹶﻨ �ﻥَﺃ ﱡﻕ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﺤﹶﻨﹶﻓ �ﺭ�ﺠﱠﺸﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡِﺌﺎ�ﻬ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﻙﹶﻟ
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ﹴﺭﹶﺸ
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ﹶﻻ : ﺭﺨﺁ ﺙﻴﺩﺤ ﻲﻓﻭ ... �ﺩ�ﺤ
َﻷ �ﺩ�ﺠ
�ﺴ�ﻴ
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�ﺒﹾﻨ
�ﻴ ﹶﻻ : ﺭﺨﺁ ﺙﻴﺩﺤ ﻲﻓﻭ , ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺠ�ﻭ�ﺯِﻟ �ﺩ�ﺠ�ﺴﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ ﹶﺓَﺃ�ﺭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ
225

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Òivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi KwZcq gynvwRi I Avbmvi mvnvexi mv‡_ Ae¯’vb KiwQ‡jb| GgZve¯’vq GKwU DU G‡m Zuv‡K mvR`v
K‡i| ZLb mvnvexMY e‡jb, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, G mKj Aejv Rxe-Rv‡bvqvi I e„jZv Avcbv‡K mvR`v K‡i, Kv‡RB
Avgv‡`iB AwaKvi †ewk †h Avgiv Avcbv‡K mvR`v Kie| ZLb wZwb e‡jb, †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki Bev`Z Ki Ges
†Zvgv‡`i åvZv‡K m¤§vb Ki| Avwg hw` KvD‡K A‡b¨i mvR`v Ki‡Z ejZvg Z‡e ¯¿x‡K ejZvg Zvi ¯^vgx‡K mvR`v Ki‡Z| Ab¨
nv`x‡mi eY©bvq wZwb e‡jb: ÒKv‡iv Rb¨ ˆea bq Ab¨‡K mvR`v KivÓ, Ab¨ nv`x‡m: †Kv‡bv gvby‡li Rb¨ ˆea bq Ab¨ gvbyl‡K
mvR`v Kiv; hw` †Kv‡bv gvby‡li Rb¨ Ab¨ gvbyl‡K mvR`v Kiv ˆea n‡Zv, Z‡e Avwg ¯¿x‡K Av‡`k KiZvg Zvi ¯^vgx‡K mvR`v
Ki‡Z| 869
Ab¨ nv`x‡m gyÔAvh Beby Rvevj (iv) e‡jb:
ﹸﺔـ�ﻴ�ﺤﹶﺘ ﻩ�ﺫـﻫ
ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎـﹶﻗ
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ﹶﻘﹸﻓ
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ﹶﻓ �ﻡﺎﱠﺸﻟﺍ
ﻰﹶﺘَﺃ
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ِﺇ
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: َلﺎﹶﻗ
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: َلﺎﹶﻘ
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�ﺩـ�ﺤَﻷ �ﺩ�ﺠـ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ ﹸﺕ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻭﹶﻟ ( ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌ
ﹾﻔﹶﺘ
ﹶﻻ : ﻪﺤﺎﻤ ﻥﺒﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﻭﺭ ﻲﻓ)
،�ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺒﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ
ﺍﻭﹸﻓ�ﺭ�ﺤ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ �ﻡﹺﻬِﺌﺎ�ﻴﹺﺒﹾﻨَﺃ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﻭ�ﺒﹶﺫﹶﻜ ﻡﻬﻨﺇ
: � ِﷲﺍ
ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺠ�ﻭ�ﺯِﻟ �ﺩ�ﺠ�ﺴﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ ﹶﺓَﺃ�ﺭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﺕ�ﺭ�ﻤَﻷ
ÒwZwb wmwiqv Mgb K‡ib| Z_vq wZwb †`‡Lb †h, L„÷vbMY Zv‡`i †bKKvi eyRyM©MY I Avwjg‡`i‡K mvR`v K‡i| wZwb
e‡jb, †Zvgiv †Kb Giƒc Ki? Zviv Dˇi e‡j: G n‡jv bexM‡Yi Zvwnh¨vn ev mvjvg| Avgiv ejjvg: Avgv‡`i bex‡K Giƒc
Kivi AwaKvi Avgv‡`i †ewk| wZwb hLb bex (�)-Gi wbKU cÖZ¨vMgb Ki‡jb ZLb wZwb Zuv‡K mvR`v Ki‡jb| wZwb e‡jb: †n
gyÔAvh, G wK? wZwb e‡jb, Avwg wmwiqvq Mgb K‡i †`Ljvg †h, L„÷vbMY Zv‡`i cv`wi, `i‡ek I wekc‡`i mvR`v K‡i Ges
Bn~`xMY Zv‡`i Avwjg I eyRyM© I dKxn‡`i mvR`v K‡i| Avwg ejjvg, †Zvgiv G wK Ki? Zviv e‡j e‡j, G n‡jv bexM‡Yi
mvjvg| Avwg ejjvg: Avgv‡`i bex‡K Giƒc Kivi AwaKvi †Zv Avgv‡`i †ewk| ZLb bexDj­vn (�) e‡jb, Iiv I‡`i bexM‡Yi
bv‡g wg_¨v e‡j‡Q, †hgb Iiv bexM‡Yi wKZve weK…Z K‡i‡Q| †Zvgiv Giƒc K‡iv bv| Avwg hw` †Kv‡bv gvbyl‡K Ab¨ gvby‡li
mvR`v Kivi wb‡`©k w`Zvg Z‡e Avwg ¯¿x‡K Zvi ¯^vgxi mvR`v Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`Zvg|Ó 870
Ab¨ nv`x‡m KvBm Beby mvÕ` (iv) e‡jb:
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ÒAvwg (cvi‡m¨i mxgvš—eZ©x) nxiv bvgK ¯’v‡b Mgb Kwi| Avwg †`Ljvg †h, Zviv Zv‡`i GKRb †bZv‡K mvR`v Ki‡Q|
ZLb Avwg ejjvg, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi AwaKvi †ewk †h Zuvi Rb¨ mvR`v Kiv n‡e| ZLb Avwg ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wbKU AvMgb K‡i
ewj, ÔAvwg nxiv Mgb K‡i †`Ljvg †h, Zviv Zv‡`i GKRb †bZv‡K mvR`v Ki‡Q| Avcwb Avj­vni ivm~j, AvcbviB AwaKvi †ewk
†h Avcbvi Rb¨ mvR`v Kiv n‡e| wZwb e‡jb, Zzwg ej‡Zv, Zzwg hw` Avgvi Ke‡ii wbKU Mgb Ki, ZLb wK Zzwg Kei‡K mvR`v
Ki‡e? Avwg ejjvg: bv| wZwb e‡jb, †Zvgiv Giƒc Ki‡e bv, Avwg hw` †Kv‡bv gvbyl‡K Ab¨ gvby‡li mvR`v Ki‡Z AbygwZ
w`Zvg Z‡e ¯¿xMY‡K AbygwZ w`Zvg Zv‡`i ¯^vwgMY‡K mvR`v Ki‡Z|Ó 871
Dc‡ii nv`xm¸wj Av‡jvPbv K‡i Avj­vgv KziZzex e‡jb:
ﻯﺭﻴﻓ ﻡﻫﺭﺎﻔﻐﺘﺴﺃﻭ ﻡﻬﺨﻴﺎﺸﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻬﻟﻭﺨﺩ ﺩﻨﻋﻭ ﻡﻬﻋﺎﻤﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺎﻋ ﺔﻓﻭﺼﺘﻤﻟﺍ لﺎﻬﺠ ﻩﺫﺨﺘﺃ ﺩﻗ ﻪﻨﻋ ﻲﻬﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﺴﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ
ﻡﻬﻠﻤﺃ
ﺏﺎﺨﻭ ﻡﻬﻴﻌﺴ لﻀ ﻪﻨﻤ ﺔﻟﺎﻬﺠ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏ ﻡﺃ ﺔﻠﺒﻘﻠﻟ
ﻥﺎﻜﺃ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﻪﻠﻬﺠﻟ ﻡﺍﺩﻗﻸﻟ ﺩﺠﺴﻴ ﻪﻤﻋﺯﺒ لﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﺨﺃ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻡﻬﻨﻤ ﺩﺤﺍﻭﻟﺍ
ÒG mKj nv`x‡m †h mvR`v wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q †m mvR`v Rvwnj m~dxMY Zv‡`i ixwZ‡Z cwiYZ K‡i‡Q Zv‡`i mvgvi
gvRwj‡m Ges Zv‡`ii cxi-gvkvB‡Li wbKU cÖ‡e‡ki mg‡q Ges Zv‡`i `yÔAv-BmwZMdv‡ii mg‡q| Zv‡`i‡K Avcwb
†`L‡eb †h, Zv‡`i `vwegZ hLb Zv‡`i Kv‡iv nvj G‡m hvq ZLb cv‡qi Kv‡Q mvR`vq c‡o hvq wKejvgywL A_ev Ab¨gywL
n‡q| Zv‡`i gyL©Zvi Kvi‡YB Zv Zviv K‡i| Zv‡`i Kg© weåvš— n‡q‡Q Ges Zv‡`i Avkv webó n‡q‡Q|Ó 872
Bev`‡Zi ev ÔZvhx‡giÕ mvR`v I Zvwnq¨vn ev mvjvg-m¤¢vlYg~jK mvR`vi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ GB †h, Zvwnq¨v ev mvjv‡gi mvR`v
226

RvMwZK, †jŠwKK I gvbexq mvaviY K‡g©i Aš—f©y³| Zv P~ovš— ev A‡jŠwKK fw³ bq, ei mvaviY I †jŠwKK fw³| A‡jŠwKK
fq, fvjevmv ev fw³i Kvi‡Y gvbyl Zv K‡i bv, eis †jŠwKK wkóvPv‡ii Ask wn‡m‡e Zv K‡i| Gi cÖPjb †h mgv‡R i‡q‡Q †m
mgv‡Ri wek¦vmx, Awek¦vmx, mKj gvbylB Zvi wcZv, gvZv, wkK, mgvRcwZ ev ivRv‡K Gfv‡e m¤§vb cÖ`k©b K‡i| †hgb Ab¨
mgv‡R `uvwo‡q, gv_v SzwK‡q ev m¨vjyU w`‡q Giƒc wkóvPvi cÖ`k©b Kiv nq| Giƒc mvR`v c~e©eZ©x †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv kixq‡Z ˆea wQj
Ges Bmjv‡g Zv my¯úóiƒ‡c wbwl× I nvivg e‡j †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
cvš—‡i Bev`‡Zi mvR`v n‡jv P~ovš— I A‡jŠwKK fw³| gvbyl hv‡K A‡jŠwKK gZvi AwaKvix e‡j wek¦vm K‡i
Zvi Kv‡Q wb‡Ri P~ovš— mgc©b, AmnvqZ¡ I A‡jŠwKK fw³ cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ Giƒc mvR`v K‡i| wcZv, gvZv, mgvRcwZ, ivRv
ev mvaviY gvbexq gZv ev gh©v`vi AwaKvix‡K †KD Giƒc mvR`v K‡i bv, eis mªóv, mªóvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z †Kv‡bv A‡jŠwKK
gZv ev m¤úK©hy³ `ªe¨, e¨w³ ev e¨w³i ¯§„wZweRwoZ ¯’v‡bB †m Giƒc mvR`v K‡i| mKj kixq‡ZB Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨
KvD‡K Giƒc mvR`v Kiv mivmwi wki&K I Kzd&i|
Avj­vgv kvBL gynv¤§v` Beby ûmvBb Beby Avjx AvZ-Z‚ix Avj-Kv‡`ix Avj-nvbvdx (g„. 1138 wn) ÔZvKwgjvZzj
evnwii ivwqKÕ MÖ‡š’ e‡jb: ÒivRv-ev`kvi mvg‡b †h mvR`v Kiv nq Zv nvivg| †h K‡i Ges †h Giƒc K‡g© ivwh _v‡K
Df‡qB cvcx| KviY G Kg© gywZ©c~RK‡`i AbyKiY| mv`i knx` D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, Giƒc mvR`vi Kvi‡Y Kvwdi e‡j MY¨
n‡e bv, KviY †m ïay mvjvg ev m¤§vb cÖ`k©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ Giƒc K‡i‡Q| kvgmyj Avwq¤§v mvivLmx e‡jb: Zvhxg ev
m¤§vbcÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv mvR`v Kiv Kzd&ix|Ó 873
Avj­vgv kvgx Zuvi ÔnvwkqvZz ivwÏj gynZvi MÖ‡š’ e‡jb:
ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ : ﹺﻥﺍ�ﺭﹸﻔﹾﻜ�ﻴ ْل�ﻫ�ﻭ ﹺﻥﹶﺜ�ﻭﹾﻟﺍ ﹶﺓ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻪﹺﺒﹾﺸ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻨَﻷ ﹺﻥﺎ�ﻤ�ﺜﺁ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﻀﺍ�ﺭﻟﺍ�ﻭ ُل�ﻋﺎﹶﻔﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡﺍ�ﺭ�ﺤﹶﻓ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤﹶﻅ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ
ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻷﺍ ِلﻴﹺﺒﹾﻘﹶﺘ
�ﺓ�ﺭﻴﹺﺒﹶﻜﹾﻠِﻟ ﺎ�ﺒ�ﻜﹶﺘ�ﺭ�ﻤ
ﺎ�ﻤ�ﺜﺁ �ﺭﺎ�ﺼ�ﻭ ﻻ �ﺔ�ﻴ�ﺤﱠﺘﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﺠ�ﻭ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﺭﹾﻔﹸﻜ ﹺﻡﻴ�ﻅ�ﻌﱠﺘﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺓ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﺠ�ﻭ
ÒAvwjg I m¤§vwbZ e¨w³‡`i mvg‡b f~wg-Pz¤^b ev Rwgb-eymx Kiv nvivg| †h e¨w³ Zv K‡i Ges †h Zv‡Z ivwR _v‡K
Df‡qB cvcx; KviY Zv g~wZ©c~Rvi AbyKiY| GLb cÖkœ n‡jv: Giƒc f~wg-Pz¤^b-Kvix Ges Zv‡Z mš‘ó e¨w³ Kvwdi e‡j MY¨
n‡e wKbv? hw` Bev`Z I m¤§vb cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ Zv K‡i Z‡e Zv Kzdi e‡j MY¨| Avi hw` mvjvg ev m¤¢vlY cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨
K‡i Zv‡e Kzdi n‡e bv, Z‡e Giƒc e¨w³ Kexiv †Mvbv‡n wjß e‡j MY¨ n‡e|Ó 874
jYxq †h, wcZv, gvZv, mgvRcwZ, ivRv I Ab¨vb¨ RvMwZK e¨w³e‡M©i †‡Î Zvwnq¨vi mvR`v ev m¤§vb cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨
mvjvg ÁvcK mvR`vi Kíbv Kiv †M‡jI bex, Ijx ev A‡jŠwKK e¨w³Z¡ wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ Kv‡iv †‡Î ev Kv‡iv Kei-gvhv‡ii
†‡Î Zvwnq¨vi mvR`v Kíbv Kiv hvq bv| KviY gvbyl hLb Zvi gvZv, wcZv, wkK ev ivRv‡K mvR`v K‡i ZLb †m †Kv‡bv
A‡jŠwKK ev Acvw_©e fq ev fw³ wb‡q Zv K‡i bv, eis GKvš—B RvMwZK fq, fw³ ev wkóvPvi wn‡m‡e Zv K‡i| cvš—‡i
A‡jŠwKK e¨w³Z¡‡`i‡K KL‡bvB †KD †jŠwKK wkóvPvi wn‡m‡e mvR`v K‡i bv, eis A‡jŠwKK I P~ovš— fw³ wn‡m‡eB mvR`v
K‡i| GRb¨ Puv`, m~h©, Kei, ¯§„wZ¯—¤¢, ¯§„wZwPý, cÖwZK…wZ, g~wZ©, c~Rbxq e¨w³ ev `ªe¨‡K mvR`v Ki‡j Zv e¨vL¨ZxZfv‡e wkiK
e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
Av‡iv jYxq †h, Zvwnq¨vn ev wkóvPv‡ii mvR`vi Aw¯—Z¡ g~jZ Bmjv‡gi AvMg‡bi ga¨ w`‡q wejyß n‡q hvq|
gymwjg mgv‡R Bev`Z wn‡m‡e Avj­vn‡K mvR`v Kiv Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bviƒc mvR`vi cÖPjb _v‡K bv| Abyiƒcfv‡e Ab¨vb¨ a‡g©
I mgv‡RI g~jZ A‡jŠwKK e¨w³Z¡, g~wZ©, e¯‘ BZ¨vw`iB mvR`v Kiv n‡q _v‡K| GRb¨B gymwjg D¤§vni AwaKvsk Avwjg
Dfq cÖKv‡ii mvR`vi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bviƒc cv_©K¨ bv K‡iB Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K mvR`v Kiv mivmwi Kzdi ev wkiK e‡j MY¨
K‡i‡Qb| Avi hviv cv_©K¨ K‡i‡Qb Zuviv GKgZ †h, Avj­vn Qvov KvD‡K Zvwnq¨vi mvR`v Kiv nvivg Ges Giƒc nvivg Kg©‡K
ˆea e‡j g‡b Kiv Kzd&i|
5. 5. 2. 2. MvBi“j­vni Rb¨ ZvIqvd
†Kv‡bv wKQzi Pvwiw`‡K AveZ©b Kiv‡K ZvIqvd ejv nq| mvR`v I mvjv‡Zi gZB ZvIqvd GKwU Bev`Z| mvjvZmvR`v
I ZvIqv‡di g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ GB †h, we‡k¦i †h †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b †_‡K Kvev N‡ii w`‡K gyL K‡i Avj­vni Rb¨ mvjvZ I
mvR`vi Bev`Z Av`vq Kiv hvq| cvš—‡i AveZ©b ev ZvIqv‡di Bev`Z GKgvÎ Kvev M„‡ni Pvwiw`‡K AveZ©‡bi gva¨‡g
Avj­vni Rb¨ G Bev`Z cvjb Kiv hvq| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
227
�ﻕﻴ�ﺘ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﺕ�ﻴ�ﺒﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻓ�ﻭﱠﻁ�ﻴﹾﻟ�ﻭ
ÒGes Zviv ZvIqvd Ki“K cÖvPxb M„‡ni|Ó 875
Kvev Ni Qvov Ab¨ †Kv_vI ZvIqvd Kiv `yfv‡e n‡Z cv‡i:
cÖ_gZ, gnvb Avj­vni cÖwZ P~ovš— fvjevmv I f‡qi mv‡_ GKgvÎ ZuviB cÖwZ P~ovš— fw³ cÖKv‡ki Rb¨, A_©vr GKgvÎ

ZuviB Bev`‡Zi D‡Ï‡k¨ Kvev Ni Qvov Ab¨ †Kv_vI ZvIqvd Kiv| Giƒc Kiv KwVb nvivg I wbwl×, †hgb gnvb Avj­vni
Bev`‡Zi D‡Ï‡k¨ Kvev Ni Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wKQzi w`‡K gyL K‡i mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv KwVbfv‡e wbwl× I nvivg| †KD hw`
Kvev Ni Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv w`‡K gyL K‡i mvjvZ Av`vq A_ev Kvev Ni Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wKQz‡K Avj­vni Bev`Z wn‡m‡e
ZvIqvd Kiv ˆea g‡b K‡i Z‡e Zv wkiK I Kzdi e‡j MY¨|
wØZxqZ, Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv cÖwZ fw³ cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ †Kv_vI ZvIqvd Kiv| Giƒc Kiv my¯úóZB wkiK, †hgb
Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv ZvÕhxg ev m¤§vb cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ Zv‡K mvg‡b †i‡L Zvi D‡Ï‡k¨ mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv| jYxq †h, ïay
Avj­vn‡K Lywk Ki‡Z Ges ZuviB cÖwZ fw³ Rvbv‡Z Kvev Ni Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv e¯‘‡K †KDB ZvIqvd K‡i bv| hviv †Kv‡bv
Kei, ¯§„wZweRwoZ ¯’vb ev Ab¨ wKQzi ZvIqvd K‡ib Zviv Avj­vni Bev`‡Zi K_v ej‡jI cvkvcvwk mswk­ó e¨w³i cÖwZ
fw³ cÖ`k©b I Zuvi †bK-bRi jv‡fiI D‡Ïk¨ Zv‡`i _v‡K| bB‡j Kvev Ni ev` w`‡q Ab¨Î ZvIqvd Ki‡eb †Kb&?
5. 5. 2. 3. MvBi“j­vn‡K WvKv ev A‡jŠwKK cÖv_©bv
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© `yÔAv, mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv, ÎvY cÖv_©bv BZ¨vw`i †jŠwKK I A‡jŠwKK ch©vq¸wj Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| Avgiv
†`‡LwQ †h, `„k¨gvb ev A`„k¨ Dcw¯’Z †Kv‡bv gvbyl, wRbœ ev wdwikZvi Kv‡Q †jŠwKK I RvMwZK mvnvh¨ I ÎvY cÖv_©bv Kiv
hvq| wKš‘ A‡jŠwKK ÎvY GKgvÎ gnvb Avj­vn Qvov Kv‡iv Kv‡Q PvIqv hvq bv| `~‡i Aew¯’Z ev Abycw¯’Z Kv‡iv Kv‡Q
†jŠwKK ev A‡jŠwKK mvnvh¨ PvIqv Ges Dcw¯’Z ev Abycw¯’Z Kv‡iv Kv‡Q A‡jŠwKK mvnvh¨ PvIqv wkiK|
Avgiv Av‡iv †`‡LwQ †h, Bn~`x, L„÷vb I Avi‡ei gykwiKM‡Yi Ab¨Zg wkiK wQj mvaviY wec‡` Avc‡`
wdwikZvMY, bexMY, wRbœMY, IjxMY ev Ab¨vb¨ KvíwbK †`e †`ex‡`i WvKv I Zv‡`i Kv‡Q mvnvh¨ I ÎvY cÖv_©bv Kiv|
Zviv mK‡jB wek^vm KiZ †h, GKgvÎ Avj­vnB me©kw³gvb cÖwZcvjK Ges Zuvi B”Qvi evB‡i Kv‡iv wKQz Kivi †bB| Z‡e
Zviv wek¦vm KiZ †h, G mKj ev›`v‡K Avj­vn wKQz gZv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| Avj­vn G‡`i mycvwik ï‡bb Ges G‡`i WvK‡j
wZwb Lywk nb| AweKj GKBiƒc weåvwš—i Kvi‡Y gymwjg mgv‡RI G ai‡bi wkiK cÖmvi jvf K‡i‡Q| kvn Iqvwj Dj­vni
e³‡e¨ Avgiv Zv †`‡LwQ|
AMwYZ wg_¨v Kí-Kvwnbx, RbkÖ“wZ I †kl hy‡Mi †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Avwjg bvgavix e¨w³i gZvgZB Giƒc wki‡K wjß
gvbyl‡`i GKgvÎ `jxj| G¸wji wecix‡Z GKgvÎ Avj­vn‡K WvKvi Rb¨ KziAvb I nv`x‡mi AMwYZ wb‡`©kbvi †Kv‡bv g~j¨B
Zviv †`b bv| G cÖm‡½ kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn gynvwÏm †`njfx e‡jb: ÒKei c~RvwiMY †h mg¯— Kvi‡Y Kei c~Rv Kwiqv _v‡K
Dnv‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg GKwU KviY nBj wb‡R‡`i KzK‡g©i mg_©‡b wg_¨v nv`xm m„wó Kiv wb‡R‡`i gbMov GB RvZxq nv`xm
cÖPvi Kwiqv mij cÖvY gymjgvbw`M‡K †avKv w`qv Avj­vni c_ nB‡Z `~‡i mivBqv jBqv hvq| ..... Kei c~Rvix m¤cÖ`vq
Zvnv‡`i KzK‡g©i mg_©‡b †h mg¯— AjxK I gbMov Kvwnbxi AeZviYv Kwiqv RbmvaviY‡K weåvš— I c_åó Kwiqv _v‡K Dnv
mwZ¨B cÖwYavb‡hvM¨| †hgb Zvnviv ewjqv _v‡K †h, AgyK e¨w³ KwVb wec‡` cwoqv G‡Kev‡i w`kvnviv nBqv c‡o| gyw³i
†Kvb c_ †`wL‡Z bv cvBqv AgyK `i‡e‡ki gvRv‡i wMqv wec`gy³ nIqvi Rb¨ cÖv_©bv Rvbvq| wK Avðh©! †mB `i‡ek Zvnv‡K
`yB-GKw`‡bi g‡a¨ mg¯— wec`vc` `~i Kwiqv †`q| AgyK e¨w³ Avmgvbx evjvq wbcwZZ nB‡j A‡bvb¨cvq nBqv AgyK Ke‡ii
`i‡ek‡K GKvMÖZvi mv‡_ ¯§iY Kwi‡Z _v‡K| †`wL‡Z †`wL‡Z Avmgvbx evjv `~i nBqv hvq| GgbwK †Kn †Kn wb‡Ri K_vI
ewjqv _v‡K †h, Avwg AgyK wec‡` cwZZ nBqv †kl †Póv ¯^iƒc AgyK cx‡ii gvRv‡i bhi-†bIqvR jBqv wMqv Zvnvi mKj
wec` `~i Kwiqv †`q .....
bvDhywej­vn! Avj­vn Avg‡`i mKj‡K GB wkiK I we`AvZ nB‡Z wbivc` ivLyb|... Ni nB‡Z cv evovB‡jB †h Avj­vni
Lv‡jQ Bev`ZLvbv gmwR` †mLv‡b hvIqvi KóUzKz Bnviv ¯^xKvi Kwi‡Z Pvq bv| A_P gvB‡ji ci gvBj, w`‡bi ci w`b nuvwUqv
wMqv Ke‡ii wbKU aY©v w`qv cwoqv _vKv‡KB †kªq g‡b K‡i|... Bnviv hw` Ke‡i bv wMqv iv¯—vNvU, nvU-evRi A_ev
†MvmjLvbvq ewmqvI Ggb KvKzwZ-wgbwZ I GKvMÖZvi mv‡_ KvbœvKvwU Kwiqv gyw³ jv‡fi Rb¨ cÖv_©bv KwiZ ZeyI Avj­vn Zv‡`i
†`vAv Keyj Kwi‡Zb, Zvnv‡`i `yÔAv e¨_© nBZ bv| myZivs GB Ae¯’vq Ke‡ii eyhM©x I cÖfve g‡b Kiv AÁZv I Kzms¯‹vi
e¨ZxZ wKQB b‡n| Avj­vn wec`vc‡bœi †`vAv †h mKj mgqB Keyj Kwiqv _v‡Kb Bnv GB A‡Áiv eywS‡Z Pvq bv| Ggb wK
Kv‡diI hw` Avj­vni wbKU GKvMÖZvi mv‡_ †`vAv K‡i Avj­vn ZvnvI Keyj Kwiqv _v‡Kb|... |Ó 876
†KD †KD Giƒc wkiK‡K ÔImxjv aivÕ e‡j Pvjv‡Z Pvb| Zviv e‡jb †h, hviv wec‡` Avc‡` IjxM‡Yi bvg a‡i Wv‡Kb I
mvnvh¨ Pvb, Zuviv g‡b K‡ib bv †h, IjxM‡Yi wbR¯^ gZv Av‡Q, eis mK‡jB Rv‡b †h, GKgvÎ Avj­vnB me©kw³gvb| Z‡e Zviv
Avj­vni Kv‡Q Imxjv wn‡m‡e G‡`i Wv‡Kb| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h Avi‡ei gykwiKMYI wVK GKBiƒc hyw³ †ck KiZ| Kv‡iv Imxjv
w`‡q Avj­vni Kv‡Q mvnvh¨ PvIqv Avi Abycw¯’Z Kv‡iv Kv‡Q MvBex ev A‡jŠwKK mvnvh¨ PvIqvi g‡a¨ Avmgvb I hgx‡bi cv_©K¨|
cÖ_g Kg© wkiK bq, wKš‘ wØZxqwU my¯úó wkiK|
cÖwm× Zvdmxi-MÖš’ Ôiƒûj gvÔAvbxÕi cÖ‡YZv Avj­vgv wknve DÏxb gvng~` Avj Avj~mx Avj-nvbvdx (1270 wn) Zuvi
Zvdmx‡ii wewfbœ ¯’v‡b G ai‡bi wki‡Ki welqwU Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺢـﻴﹺﺭ
ﺎـ�ﻬﹾﺘ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ ﺎـ�ﻬﹺﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﺤﹺﺭﹶﻓ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﺒ�ﻴﹶﻁ ﹴﺢﻴﹺﺭﹺﺒ �ﻡﹺﻬﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﻙﹾﻠﹸﻔﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻡﹸﺘﹾﻨﹸﻜ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ ﹺﺭ�ﺤ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺭ�ﻴ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ
228

�ﻥﹶﻨﻭـﹸﻜﹶﻨﹶﻟ �ﻩ�ﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﺘ�ﻴ�ﺠﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥِﺌﹶﻟ �ﻥﻴ�ﺩﻟﺍ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥﻴ�ﺼ�ﻠﹾﺨ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺍ�ﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩ �ﻡﹺﻬﹺﺒ ﹶﻁﻴ�ﺤُﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨَﺃ ﺍﻭﱡﻨﹶﻅ �ﻭ ﹴﻥﺎﹶﻜ�ﻤ ﱢلﹸﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺝ�ﻭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ�ﻭ ﹲﻑ�ﺼﺎ�ﻋ
�ﻥﻴﹺﺭ�ﻜﺎﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ
ÒwZwbB †Zvgv‡`i R‡j-¯’‡j ågb Kivb Ges †Zvgiv hLb †bŠKv‡ivnx nI Ges G¸wj Av‡ivnx j‡q AbyK‚j evZv‡m e‡q hvq
Ges Zviv Zv‡Z Avbw›`Z nq, AZtci G¸wj evZ¨vnZ Ges me©w`K n‡Z ZisMvnZ nq Ges Zviv Zv Øviv cwi‡ewkóZ n‡q c‡o‡Q
e‡j g‡b K‡i, ZLb Zviv AvbyM‡Z¨ weï×-wPË n‡q Avj­vn‡K †W‡K e‡j: Zzwg Avgv‡`i‡K ÎvY Ki‡j Avgiv Aek¨ K…ZÁ‡`i Aš—
f©y³ n‡ev|Ó 877
G Avqv‡Zi Zvdmxi cÖm‡½ Avj­vgv Avj~mx (ivn) e‡jb: ÒG AvqvZ cÖgvY K‡i †h, Giƒc Ae¯’vq gykwiKMY gnvb
Avj­vn Qvov KvD‡K WvKZ bv| Avi Avcwb fvjB AeMZ Av‡Qb †h, AvRKvj gvby‡liv wK K‡i! R‡j ev ¯’‡j hLb †Kv‡bv
KwVb wec` ev eo †Kv‡bv mgm¨vi g‡a¨ Zviv wbcwZZ nq ZLb Zviv Ggb e¨w³‡`i‡K Wv‡K hviv †Kv‡bv wZ K‡ib bv Ges
DcKviI K‡ib bv, hviv †`‡LbI bv Ges ï‡bbI bv| Zv‡`i †KD wLwhi Ges Bwjqvm‡K Wv‡K| Avi †KD Aveyj Lvgxm Ges
AveŸvm (Av)-‡K Wv‡K| †KD ev †Kv‡bv GKRb Bgvg‡K Wv‡K| †KD ev D¤§v‡Zi eyRyM©-gvkvB‡Li ga¨ †_‡K Kv‡iv Kv‡Q
AvKzwZ Av‡e`b †ck K‡i| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ GKRb‡K †`L‡eb bv †h ïay Zvi gvwjK-gvIjv‡K WvK‡Q Ges ïay Zuvi Kv‡QB
AvKzwZ Av‡e`b †ck Ki‡Q| m¤¢eZ Zvi g‡bi †Kv‡b GKeviI G wPš—v DwK †`q bv †h, hw` †m GKgvÎ Avj­vn‡K WvKZ Z‡e
G mKj wec` †_‡K iv †cZ| †n cvVK, Avj­vni Kmg w`‡q Avwg Avcbv‡K wRÁvmv Kwi, ejyb †Zv, G w`K †_‡K g°vi
gykwiKMY Ges eZ©gv‡bi gvbyl‡`i g‡a¨ †Kvb `j AwaKZi †n`vqvZ cÖvß? Dfq cÖv_©bvKvix I AvnŸvbKvixi g‡a¨ Kvi cÖv_©bv
AwaKZi mZ¨? Avj­vni wbK‡UB g‡bv‡e`bv Ávcb KiwQ Ggb GK hy‡M, †h hy‡M AÁZvi cÖej NywY©So mKj‡K Av”Qbœ K‡i‡Q,
weåvwš—i cÖej †XD wekvj AvK…wZ wb‡q AvQ‡o co‡Q, kixq‡Zi †bŠKvi iwk wQbœ n‡q‡Q MvBi“j­vni wbKU mvnvh¨ I ÎvY
cÖv_©bv‡KB gyw³i Imxjv iƒ‡c MY¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q, Ávbx‡`i Rb¨ mrKv‡R Av‡`k Kiv Am¤¢e n‡q c‡o‡Q Ges Ab¨vq †_‡K wb‡la
Kivi †‡Î bvbcÖKv‡ii wec` evav n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q|Ó 878
5. 5. 2. 4. MvBi“j­vni Rb¨ gvbZ-bhi ev DrmM©
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, gnvb Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv Rb¨ gvbZ, DrmM©, RevB, Kzievbx BZ¨vw` wkiK| RxweZ
ev g„Z †Kv‡bv cx‡ii bv‡g, evevi bv‡g, Ijxi bv‡g, Zuvi gvhv‡ii bv‡g gvbZ Kiv, RevB Kiv, gvbZ ev Drm‡M©i gva¨‡g
Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv mš‘wói D‡Ïk¨ †cvlY Kiv G ch©v‡qi wkiK|
cÖwm× nvbvdx dKxn gynv¤§v` Beby Avjx AvjvDÏxb Avj-nvmKvdx (1088 wn) Av`-`yi&i“j gyLZvi MÖ‡š’ e‡jb:
ﺎـ�ﺒ�ﺭﹶﻘﹶﺘ ﹺﻡﺍ�ﺭـ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎ�ﻴِﻟ�ﻭَﻷﺍ ﹺﺢِﺌﺍ�ﺭ�ﻀ ﻰﹶﻟﺇ ﺎ�ﻫﹺﻭ�ﺤﹶﻨ�ﻭ �ﺕ�ﻴ�ﺯﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹺﻊ�ﻤﱠﺸﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹺﻡ�ﻫﺍ�ﺭ�ﺩﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹸﺫﹶﺨْﺅ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﹺﻡﺍ�ﻭ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﺭﹶﺜﹾﻜَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺕﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤَﻸِﻟ �ﻊﹶﻘ�ﻴ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﺭﹾﺫﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻋﺍ�ﻭ
ﹺﺭﺎ�ﺼ�ﻋَﻷﺍ �ﻩ�ﺫ�ﻫ ﻲ�ﻓ
ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻴ�ﺴ ﻻ�ﻭ ، �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹺﺒ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻠﹸﺘ�ﺒﹸﺍ �ﺩﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﹺﻡﺎﹶﻨَﻷﺍ ﺀﺍ�ﺭﹶﻘﹸﻔِﻟ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻓ�ﺭ�ﺼ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺼﹾﻘ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻡﺍ�ﺭ�ﺤ�ﻭ ٌل�ﻁﺎ�ﺒ ﹺﻉﺎ�ﻤ�ﺠِﻹﺎﹺﺒ �ﻭ�ﻬﹶﻓ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻟﺇ
Ò†R‡b ivL, g„Z‡`i Rb¨ bhi-gvbZ hv AwaKvsk mvaviY gvbyl K‡i _v‡K Ges AvIwjqv‡q †Kiv‡gi gvhvi-Ke‡ii Rb¨ †h me
UvKvcqmv, †gvgevwZ, †Zj I Abyiƒc `ªe¨ MÖnY Kiv nq Zv‡`i ˆbKU¨ ev †bK-bRi jv‡fi Rb¨ Zv meB evwZj I nvivg e‡j
BRgv n‡q‡Q| hw` bv Zviv `wi`ª Amnvq gvbyl‡`i Rb¨ Zv e¨q Kivi gvbZ K‡i| gvby‡liv Giƒc wbwl× bhi-gvb‡Zi g‡a
wbcwZZ n‡q‡Q, we‡klZ eZ©gvb hy‡M|Ó 879
Gi e¨vL¨vq Avj­gv Beby Av‡e`xb kvgx (1252 wn) ÒnvwkqvZz ivwÏj gynZviÓ MÖ‡š’ e‡jb:
�ﻭَﺃ �ﺔ�ﻀ�ﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﻭَﺃ ﹺﺏ�ﻫﱠﺫﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙﹶﻠﹶﻓ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﺠﺎ�ﺤ ﹾﺕ�ﻴ�ﻀﹸﻗ �ﻭَﺃ ﻲ�ﻀﻴﹺﺭ�ﻤ �ﻲ�ﻓﻭ�ﻋ �ﻭَﺃ ﻲﹺﺒِﺌﺎﹶﻏ �ﺩ�ﺭ �ﻥﺇ �ﻥﻼﹸﻓ ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻴ�ﺴ ﺎ�ﻴ َلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺄﹶﻜ ( �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻟﺇ ﺎ�ﺒ�ﺭﹶﻘﹶﺘ ) �ﻪﹸﻟ�ﻭﹶﻗ
ﹲﺓ�ﺩﺎـ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻨَﻷ �ﺯﻭ�ﺠ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻕﻭﹸﻠﹾﺨ�ﻤﹾﻠِﻟ �ﺭﹾﺫ ﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻕﻭﹸﻠﹾﺨ�ﻤِﻟ �ﺭﹶﺫﹶﻨ �ﻪﱠﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ : �ﻩﻭ�ﺠ�ﻭِﻟ ( �ﻡﺍ�ﺭ�ﺤ�ﻭ ٌل�ﻁﺎ�ﺒ �ﻪﹸﻟ�ﻭﹶﻗ ) ... �ﺕ�ﻴ�ﺯﻟﺍ �ﻭَﺃ ﹺﻊ�ﻤﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻭَﺃ ﹺﻡﺎ�ﻌﱠﻁﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ ﹺﺭﻭ�ﻤُﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹸﻑ�ﺭ�ﺼﹶﺘ�ﻴ ﹶﺕ�ﻴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻥﹶﻅ �ﻥﺇ �ﻪﱠﻨَﺃ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻤ�ﻭ . �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﻤ�ﻴ ﻻ ﹸﺕ�ﻴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹲﺕ�ﻴ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﺭﻭﹸﺫﹾﻨ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥَﺃ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ�ﻭ . �ﻕﻭﹸﻠﹾﺨ�ﻤِﻟ �ﻥﻭﹸﻜﹶﺘ ﻻ ﹸﺓ�ﺩﺎ�ﺒ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ
�ﺭﹾﻔﹸﻜ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻩ�ﺩﺎﹶﻘ�ﺘ �ﻋﺍ�ﻭ ﻰﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹶﺘ
ÒAvIwjqv †Kiv‡gi gvhv‡i Zv‡`i ˆbKU¨ ev †bK-bRi jv‡fi Rb¨ gvbZ Kivi aib GB †h, gvbZKvix ej‡e, †n
AgyK ûRyi ev AgyK evev, hw` Avgvi nviv‡bv e¨w³ wd‡i Av‡m ev Avgvi Amy¯’ e¨w³ my¯’ nq ev Avgvi nvRZ c~Y© nq Z‡e
†Zvgvi Rb¨ AgyK cwigvb ¯^Y©, †iŠc¨, Lv`¨, †gvgevwZ ev †Zj †`e| G cÖKv‡ii gvbZ evwZj I nvivg nIqvi A‡bK KviY
i‡q‡Q:
cÖ_gZ, Zv gvLj~K ev m„wói Rb¨ bhi-gvbZ Kiv, Avi †Kv‡bv m„wói Rb¨ gvbZ-bhi Rv‡qh bq| KviY gvbZ-bhi
Bev`Z Ges †Kv‡bv gvLjy‡Ki ev m„wói Bev`Z Kiv hvq bv|
wØZxqZ, hvi Rb¨ gvbZ Kiv n‡q‡Q wZwb g„Z| Avi g„Z e¨w³ †Kv‡bv gvwjKvbv jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
Z…ZxqZ, Giƒc gvbZKvix aviYv K‡i‡Q †h, Avj­vn Qvov g„Z gvbylI Kv‡R K‡g© ev `ywbqvi cwiPvjbvq wKQz Ki‡Z
229

cv‡ib, Avi Zvi G AvKx`v Kzd&i|Ó 880
Avj­vgv Beby byRvBg (970 wn) ÔAvj-evni“i ivwqKÕ MÖ‡š’I GKB K_v e‡j‡Qb| 881
hviv Ke‡i, ghv‡i AvDwjqv‡q †Kiv‡gi bv‡g gvbZ ev RevB K‡ib Zv‡`i A‡b‡K g‡b K‡ib †h, Avgiv †Zv GKgvÎ
Avj­vni bvg wb‡qB RevB KiwQ Ges Avj­vni D‡Ï‡k¨B gvbZ KiwQ, †KejgvÎ cïUv‡K evevi ev Ijxi gvhv‡i G‡b RevB
KiwQ, †hb wZwb mvIqve cvb| GLv‡b cÖkœ n‡jv, hw` GKgvÎ Avj­vni D‡Ï‡k¨B gvbZ ev RevB Kiv nq Zvn‡j c„w_exi †h
†Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b RevB K‡iB †Zv wbq¨vZ Kiv †hZ †h, Avj­vn G mv`Kvi mvIqvewU AgyK‡K †cuŠ‡Q w`b, GZ Kó K‡i cïwU
gvhv‡i wb‡q hvIqv n‡jv †Kb? gvRvi gqjv Ki‡Z?
evn¨Z G K‡ói KviY n‡jv, c„w_exi †h †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b RevB Ki‡j †Zv Avj­vn cv‡eb, Kei¯’ Ijx ev ÔevevÕ mivmwi cv‡eb bv,
Avj­vni gva¨‡g cv‡eb| Avi gvhv‡i wb‡q RevB Ki‡j GK wX‡j `y cvwL gviv n‡e, Avj­vni cÖwZ fw³I cÖKvk Kiv n‡e Ges Kei¯’
ÔeveviÕ cÖwZ fw³I cÖKvk Kiv n‡e| hw`I wØZxqwUB g~j D‡Ïk¨ Ges †m Rb¨B GZ Kó Kiv, Z‡e Avj­vn‡K kixK ivL‡j Amyweav
†bB, G‡Z ÔevevÕ bvivh n‡eb bv!!
G cÖm‡½ Avj­vgv Avj~mx e‡jb: Ògnvb& Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb 882 : Ò‡Zvgiv Avj­vni cwie‡Z© hv‡`i‡K WvK Zviv †Zv KL‡bv
GKwU gvwQI m„wó Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv...|Ó hviv Avj­vni IjxM‡Yi wel‡q evovevwo K‡i GLv‡b Zv‡`i wb›`vi cÖwZ Bkviv Kiv
n‡q‡Q; KviY Zviv wec‡` Avc‡` Zv‡`i wbKU ÎvYcÖv_©bv K‡i Ges gnvb Avj­vni wbKU ÎvY cÖv_©bv Kiv †_‡K Mvwdj _v‡K
Ges G mKj Ijxi Rb¨ Zviv bhi-gvbZ K‡i| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv eyw×gvb Zviv e‡j, G mKj Ijxiv n‡jb Avj­vni wbKU
Avgv‡`i Imxjv| Ges e‡j †h, Avgiv Avj­vni Rb¨B bhi-gvbZ Kwi Ges Gi mvIqve Ijxi Rb¨ cÖ`vb Kwi| G K_v
my¯úó †h, Zv‡`i cÖ_g `vwei wel‡q Zviv g~wZ©c~RK‡`i me‡P‡q wbKUeZ©x I g~wZ©c~RK‡`i gZB, hviv ejZ 883 : Avgiv
G‡`i Bev`Z Kwi †Zv GRb¨B †h Giv Avgv‡`i‡K Avj­vni ˆbKU¨ jvf Kwi‡q †`‡e|Õ
Zv‡`i wØZxq `vwewU AvcwËKi n‡e bv, hw` Zviv Giƒc gvb‡Zi gva¨‡g IjxM‡Yi wbKU †_‡K Zv‡`i Amy¯’e¨w³‡`i
my¯’Zv, Zv‡`i nviv‡bv gvby‡li cÖZ¨veZ©b ev Abyiƒc †Kv‡bv nvRZ cÖv_©bv bv K‡i| wKš‘ Zv‡`i evvwn¨K Ae¯’v cÖgvY K‡i †h,
Zviv G‡`i wbKU gvb‡Zi Øviv Giƒc wKQzB cÖv_©bv K‡i| Gi cÖgvY GB †h, Zv‡`i‡K hw` ejv nq †h, †Zvgiv Avj­vni Rb¨
gvbZ Ki Ges Gi mvIqve †Zvgv‡`i wcZvgvZvi Rb¨ `vb Ki, KviY G mKj Ijx-AvIwjqvi †P‡q †Zvgv‡`i
wcZvgvZM‡YiB mvIqv‡ei cÖ‡qvRb †ewk, Z‡e Zviv Zv Ki‡e bv| Avwg G‡`i A‡bK‡K †`‡LwQ †h, Zviv IjxM‡Yi Ke‡ii
cv_‡ii †ew`g~‡j mvR`v Ki‡Q|
G‡`i A‡b‡K `vwe K‡i †h, mKj IjxB Zv‡`i Ke‡i e‡m `ywbqv cwiPvjbvq AskMÖnY K‡ib, Z‡e Zv‡`i
†ejvqv‡Zi gZ©ev Abymv‡i Zv‡`i gZvi Kg‡ewk i‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv Avwjg Zviv wek¦ cwiPvjbv Giƒc gZv 4 ev
5 Rb Keievmxi Rb¨ mxgve× K‡ib| Zv‡`i wbKU hw` cÖgvY PvIqv nq Z‡e Zviv e‡jb, Kvkd Øviv Zv cÖgvwYZ| gnvb
Avj­vn G‡`i aŸsm Ki“b! Giv KZ eo Rvwnj!! Avi G‡`i wg_¨vPvi I RvwjqvwZ KZ e¨vcK!!!
Zv‡`i g‡a¨ A‡b‡K `vwe K‡i †h, G mKj Ijx-AvDwjqv Zv‡`i Kei †_‡K †ewi‡q Av‡mb Ges wewfbœ AvK…wZ aviY
K‡ib| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv Avwjg Zviv e‡j, G mKj Ijxi iƒn cÖKvwkZ n‡q †hLv‡b B”Qv Ny‡i †eovq Ges KL‡bv KL‡bv Zviv
evN, wmsn, nwib ev Abyiƒc cÖvYxi AvK…wZ aviY K‡i| G meB wfwËnxb evwZj K_v| KziAvb, mybœvn Ges D¤§v‡Zi cÖ_g hy‡M
BgvgM‡Yi K_vi g‡a¨ Gi †Kv‡bv Aw¯—Z¡ †bB| G mKj wg_¨vPvix gvby‡l `xb-ag© bó K‡i w`‡q‡Q| Bn~`x, L„÷vb I Ab¨vb¨ evwZj
I weK…Z a‡g©i gvbyl‡`i wbK‡UI Giv nvwm-g¯‹ivi wel‡q cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| GgbwK evwZj gZev` I bvw¯—KZvi AbymvixivI G‡`i
wb‡q nvm¨‡KŠZzK K‡i| Avgiv Avj­vi wbKU gv I wbivcËv cÖv_©bv Kwi|Ó 884
kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn †`njex Zuvi ÔAvj-evjv¸j gyexbÕ MÖ‡š’ e‡jb: ÒKei c~Rvix‡`i‡K cxi cyi¯— ev cxi c~RvixI ejv
nq| Kei c~Rvix m¤cÖ`vq Kei c~Rv‡K dih Bev`Z Z_v bvgvh, †ivhv, nR¡, hvKvZ BZ¨vw` nB‡ZI AwaK ¸i“Z¡c~Y© g‡b
K‡i| mybœZ Bev`Z I Ahxdv Kivi †P‡q Kei c~Rv‡K AwaK dhxjZc~Y© I mvIqv‡ei KvR g‡b K‡i| ZvB Zvnviv Kei
c~Rv‡K †h †Kvb cÖKvi Bev`‡Zi cwie‡Z© Kwiqv _v‡K Ges Bnv‡KB h‡_ó g‡b K‡i| e¯‘Z Zviv wKš‘ Kei c~Rvi cwie‡Z©
Avj­vni †Kvb Bev`Z‡K ¸i“Z¡ †`q bv Ges Dnv‡K h‡_ó g‡b K‡i bv| hLb †Kvb eyh‡M©i Dik ev †gjv BZ¨vw` nq ZLb
†mLv‡b eû `~i `~ivš— nB‡Z eû †jv‡Ki mgvMg nq| GB †‡Î Kei c~Rvixiv †mB †gjvq Dcw¯’Z nIqv dih Bev`Z g‡b
K‡i Ges Ab¨vb¨ dih AR©bKivi †P‡q GUv‡KB AwaK cÖ‡qvRb g‡b Kwiqv _v‡K|
Kei c~Rvix‡`i Avg‡ji †‡Î me‡P‡q RNb¨gq KvR nBj hveZxq cvw_e wec`vc` I m¼Ugq Kv‡Ri mgvavb
nIqvi Rb¨ Ke‡ii wbKU wMqv Ggb webqZv, GKvMÖZv I Avš—wiKZvi mv‡_ g‡bvevÃv c~Y© nIqvi Rb¨ KvbœvKvwU K‡i †h,
230

gmwR‡` ev Ab¨ †Kv_vI Avj­vn‡K nvwhi bvwhi g‡b Kwiqv Dnvi kZ fv‡Mi GK fvMI K‡i bv| Ke‡i kvwqZ eyh‡M©i bvg
awiqv Zvnv‡K Wv‡K Ges †`vAv K‡i Ges Zvnvi wbKU RxweKv I mš—vbvw` Kvgbv K‡i| AZ¨š— webq I gb‡hv‡Mi mwnZ
gv_vbZ (Kwiqv) Kvc‡oi †Mjvd Ges Pv`i jvMvq; Ke‡ii Dci myMwÜ Qovq| c~‡Y¨i KvR g‡b Kwiqv †jvevb, AvMi evwZ
R¡vjvq Ges Kei‡K my›`ifv‡e mw¾Z K‡i| GB Ah_v Kv‡R cx‡ii AvZ¥v‡K Lykx Kivi wbq‡Z Zvnvi mvwba¨ jv‡fi †Póv
K‡i| AvcvZt`„‡ó †`Lv hvq †h wn›`y I gykwiK m¤cÖ`vq Zvnv‡`i cÖwZgvi Rb¨ †hfv‡e AP©bv Kwiqv _v‡K wVK †mB fv‡eB
GB Kei c~RvwiMYI †mB mg¯— KvR‡K cyY¨gq g‡b Kwiqv m¤úv`b Kwiqv _v‡K|Ó 885
5. 5. 2. 5. Zvevi&i“K welqK wkiK
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, Avi‡ei gykwiK‡`i g‡a¨ Zvevii“K welqK wkiK we`¨gvb wQj| GLv‡b D‡j­L¨ †h,
†Kv‡bv †bKKvi gvby‡li ¯§„wZ weRwoZ `ªe¨ ev ¯’vb‡K ¯^vfvweK m¤§vb †`Lv‡bv wkiK bq| Z‡e hLb gvbyl D³ ¯§„wZ weRwoZ
`ªe¨ ev ¯’vb‡K eiKi‡Z Drm e‡j g‡b K‡i, Zvi mvg‡b ÔP~ovš— fw³, webq I AmnvqZ¡ cÖKvk K‡iÕ, D³ `ªe¨ ev `ª‡e¨i
gvwj‡Ki AvZ¥v †_‡K †Kv‡bv †bK bhi Avkv K‡i ZLb Zv wki‡K cwiYZ nq| Zvevi&i“‡Ki †‡Î mybœvZ c×wZ cwiZ¨vM
K‡i we`ÔAvZ ev †Ljv‡d mybœvZ c×wZ‡Z Zvevi&i“K Ki‡j Zv †_‡K wki‡Ki g‡a¨ wbcwZZ nIqvi mg~n m¤¢vebv _v‡K|
Zvevi&i“‡Ki mybœvZ c×wZ Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi ivm~jyj­vn � I Zuvi wcÖq mvnvexM‡Yi Kg© †_‡K| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi hy‡M
me‡P‡q g~j¨eb I eiKZgq ¯§„wZ wQj cweÎ Kvev Ni Ges Zrmswk­ó nvRvi AvmIqv`, i“Kb Bqvgvbx, gvKvg Beivnxg
BZ¨vw`| ivm~jyj­vn � nvRvi AvmIqv‡` Pz¤^b K‡i‡Qb| G Pz¤^b Avj­vni wb‡`©k I Beivnxg (Av)-Gi AbymiY-AbyKi‡Yi
Pz¤^b, cv_i †_‡K, ev cv_‡ii Kvi‡Y Beivnxg (Av) †_‡K †Kv‡bv eiKZ, `yÔAv, Kj¨vY BZ¨vw` cvIqvi Rb¨ bq|
mvnvexMYI †KejgvÎ ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi AbymiY I mybœvZ cvj‡bi Rb¨B Zv Pz¤^b K‡i‡Qb, cv_i †_‡K wKQz cvIqvi Rb¨
bq| Dgvi (iv) nvRvi AvmIqv` Pz¤^b Kv‡j e‡jb:
231
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ÒAvwg Rvwb †h, Zzwg cv_i gvÎ, †Kv‡bv wZI Ki‡Z cvi bv, DcKviI Ki‡Z cvi bv, hw` bv Avwg †`LZvg †h,
ivm~jyj­vn � †Zvgv‡K Pz¤^b Ki‡Qb, Avwg †Zvgv‡K Pz¤^b KiZvg bv|Ó 886
ÔgvKv‡g BeivnxgÕ Beivnxg (Av)-Gi ¯§„wZ weRwoZ eiKZgq cv_i| KziAvb Kvix‡g G‡K my¯úó wb`k©b ejv n‡q‡Q
Ges Gi wcQ‡b mvjvZ Av`v‡qi wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| ivm~jyj­vn � Ges mvnvexMY KL‡bvB mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv Qvov †Kv‡bv
fv‡e G cv_i‡K m¤§vb K‡ib wb| KL‡bvB G‡K Pz¤^b K‡ib wb, cvwb w`‡q ay‡q Zv cvb K‡ib wb ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bvfv‡e G‡K
m¤§vb cÖ`k©b K‡ib wb|
mvnvex Avãyj­vn Beby hyevBi †`‡Lb †h, Zvweqx hy‡Mi wKQz bI gymwjg gvKv‡g Beivnx‡g nvZ eyjv‡”Qb| Zuviv Gfv‡e
eiKZgq ¯§„wZ-weRwoZ `ªe¨wU‡K m¤§vb KiwQ‡jb| ZLb wZwb e‡jb:
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Ò†Zvgv‡`i‡K Giƒc Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv nq wb, †KejgvÎ mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|Ó 887
mybœvZ wb‡`©wkZ ¯’vb¸wj-nvRvi AvmIqv` I i“Kb Bqvgvbx Qvov cweÎ KvevM„‡ni Ab¨ †Kv‡bv ¯’vb Pz¤^b, nvZ eyjv‡bv ev
Ab¨ †Kv‡bvfv‡e Zuviv ÔZvevii“‡KiÕ †Póv Zuviv KL‡bv K‡ib wb|
ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi RxeÏkvq mvnvev‡q †Kivg Zuvi Ihyi cvwb, Mv‡qi Nvg, Kd, _yZz, gv_vi Pzj, SzUv Lvevi ev cvwb A_ev
Zuvi †`Iqv †h‡Kv‡bv Dcnvi MfxiZg fvjevmv I cÖMvp fw³i mv‡_ MÖnY K‡i‡Qb I msiY K‡i‡Qb| ivm~jyj­vn � Zuv‡`i
GmKj Kv‡R evav †`bwb, Aby‡gv`b K‡i‡Qb| cieZx© hy‡Mi Zv‡eqx, Zv‡e-Zv‡eqx I Ab¨vb¨ hy‡Mi mKj eyRyM© I ivm~j-‡cÖwgK
gymwjg ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi ¯§„wZ weRwoZ †h‡Kv‡bv `ª‡e¨i cÖwZ Zuv‡`i ü`‡qi Av‡eM I fvjevmv KL‡bv †Mvcb K‡ibwb|
ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi c‡i mvnvexMY †Kv‡bv mvnvexi ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv eyRy‡M©i ev c~e©eZx †Kv‡bv bex-Ijxi ¯§„wZ weRwoZ
†Kv‡bv `ª‡e¨i cÖwZ Gai‡bi AvPiY K‡ibwb| Zvweqx ev Zvwe-ZvweqxMYI KL‡bv †Kv‡bv mvnvex, Zvweqx ev Zvwe-Zvweqxi ¯§„wZ
weRwoZ †Kv‡bv `ªe¨ eiK‡Zi Rb¨ MÖnY I msiY K‡ibwb| Avey eKi, Dgi, Dmgvb, Avjx, AveŸvm, dvwZgv, nvmvb, ûmvBb,
†ejvj, Beby gvmE` (�) ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv mvnvexi †Kv‡bv ¯§„wZ weRwoZ `ªe¨‡K †Kv‡bv mvnvex, Zvweqx ev Zvwe-Zvweqx Zvevii“K
wnmv‡e MÖnY K‡ibwb| Abyiƒcfv‡e, Zvweqx I Zvwe-Zvweqx eyRyM©M‡Yi †‡ÎI Zuviv G ai‡bi †Kv‡bv AvPiY K‡ibwb| 888
ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi ¯§„wZ weRwoZ `ªe¨ †hgb gyÕwg‡bi fvjevmv I fw³i welq, †Zgwb Zuvi ¯§„wZ weRwoZ ¯’vb¸wjI gywg‡bi
fw³ I fvjevmvi ¯’vb| G‡‡Î mvnvexM‡Yi ixwZ wQj wZwb †h ¯’v‡b bvgvh c‡o‡Qb †m ¯’v‡b bvgvh cov, †h ¯’v‡b wZwb wekªvg
K‡i‡Qb †mLv‡b wekªvg Kiv, †hLv‡b wZwb wKQyY kqb K‡iwQ‡jb †mLv‡b wKQyY kqb Kiv, †hLv‡b wZwb Bw¯—Äv K‡i‡Qb

†mLv‡b Bw¯—Äv Kiv| Ggwb †hLv‡b wZwb dih mvjvZ Av`vq K‡i‡Qb †mLv‡b Zuviv bdj mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Zb bv, eis wZwb †h
Iqv‡³i mvjvZ Av`vq K‡i‡Qb ZvB †mLv‡b Av`vq Kivi †Póv Ki‡Zb| GgbwK wZwb n¾-Dgivi md‡i †hLv‡b mvjvZ Av`vq
K‡i‡Qb, †mLv‡b Zuviv n¾-Dgivi md‡iB ïay mvjvZ Av&`vq Ki‡Zb, Ab¨ mg‡q ïay †mLv‡b mvjvZ Av`vq Kivi Rb¨ †h‡Zb
bv| A_©vr mvnvexMY Zvevi&i“K Ki‡Zb ûeû AbyKi‡Yi gva¨‡g| G welqK nv`xm¸wj Avwg Avgvi GnBqvDm mybvb MÖ‡š’ we¯—vwiZ
Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ|
ïay `ªe¨ ev ¯’vb‡K fw³ Kiv ev Zvi cÖwZ A‡jŠwKK fw³ cÖKv‡ki cÖeYZv Zuviv K‡Vvifv‡e AvcwË Ki‡Zb| GK nv`x‡m
ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, Dgi dvi“K (iv) Zuvi wLjvdZKv‡j GK md‡i wKQy gvbyl‡K †`‡Lb †h, Zviv mevB GKwU ¯’v‡bi w`‡K
hv‡”Q| wZwb cÖkœ K‡ib: Giv †Kv_vq hv‡”Q? Zuv‡K ejv nq: Bqv Avgxi“j gyÕwgbxb, GLv‡b GKwU gmwR` ev bvgv‡hi ¯’vb
Av‡Q †hLv‡b ivm~jyj­vn � bvgvh Av`vq K‡iwQ‡jb, GRb¨ Giv †mLv‡b †h‡q bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Q| ZLb wZwb e‡jb :
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Ò†Zvgv‡`i c~e©eZx© D¤§‡Ziv †Zv GB ai‡bi KvR K‡iB aŸsm n‡q‡Q| Zviv Zv‡`i bexM‡Yi ¯§„wZ weRwoZ ¯’vb¸wj Luy‡R
†eovZ Ges †mLv‡b MxR©v I Bev`ZLvbv ˆZwi K‡i wbZ| hw` †KD hvÎv c‡_ (ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi ¯§„wZ weRwoZ) Gme gmwR‡`
bvgv‡hi mg‡q Dcw¯’Z nq Zvn‡j †m †mLv‡b bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡e| Avi hw` †KD hvÎvc‡_ Ab¨ mg‡q †mLv‡b Dcw¯’Z nq, Zvn‡j
†m bv †_‡g P‡j hv‡e| we‡kl K‡i GmKj gmwR‡` bvgvh Av`v‡qi D‡Ïk¨ Ki‡e bv|Ó 889
kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn gynvwÏm †`njex (ivn) Dgvi (iv)-Gi G e³e¨ D‡j­L K‡i e‡jb: ÒnhiZ Igvi (iv)-Gi eY©bv
g‡Z cÖgvwYZ nq †h, GB hy‡M gvbyl †h mg¯— bK&kvK…Z cv`yKv Ges nv‡Zi Qvc gviv cv_i ev GB RvZxq wKQz †Kvb GK¯’v‡b
cywZqv cÖPvi K‡i †h, Bnv AgyK eyh‡M©i nvZ ev c`wPý m¤^wjZ eiKZgq cv_i| d‡j AÁ RbmvaviY †mB cv_i whqviZ
Kivi Rb¨ eû `~i `~ivš— nB‡Z Av‡m Ges †mLv‡b bhi wbqvh Kwiqv g‡bvevÃv c~Y© nIqvi Rb¨ wb‡e`b †ck K‡i|
wbtm‡›`‡n Bnv we`ÔAvZ I mybœv‡Zi ei‡Ljvd| kixqZ †gvZv‡eK hLb GB mg¯— e¯‘¸wj whqviZ Kiv Ges Dnvi cÖwZ kª×v
wb‡e`b Kiv mybœv‡Zi cwicš’x ZLb Dnvi wbKU †`vAv Kiv, KvKzwZ wgbwZ Kwiqv KvbœvKvwU Kiv Ges g‡bveÃv c~Y© nIqvi Rb¨ cÖv_©bv
Kiv †Kvbg‡ZB †Zv Rv‡qh nB‡Z cv‡i bv| eis Bnv ciKv‡j gyw³i I bvRv‡Zi c_‡K eÜ Kwiqv †`q| .....
D‡j­wLZ e¯‘mg~n Ges Dnv Qvov Bev`‡Zi Avkvq †mLv‡b hvnv wKQz ¯’vwcZ Kiv nq, Dnv fvw½qv (†djv) I Dnvi
g~‡jvrcvUb Kiv cÖwZwU gymjgv‡bi c‡ Acwinvh© KZe©¨|Ó 890
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb: ÒAvgv‡`i eZ©gvb hy‡Mi gymjgvb‡`i ag©xq Ae¯’v m¤ú‡K© wPš—v Kwi‡j ü`q e¨w_Z I weMwjZ bv nBqv
cv‡i bv| Avgiv Avj­vn I Avj­vni ivm~‡ji (�) wb‡`©wkZ mnR mij c_ cwiZ¨vM Kwiqv wbqZ †Mvgivnxi c‡_ Pwj‡ZwQ| †h
mg¯— cv_i I ¯’vbmg~n eyhM©M‡Yi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Dnv‡`i cÖwZ kª×v cÖ`k©b I Zvhxg ZvKix‡g AvZ¥wb‡qvM KwiqvwQ| wkiK I
we`qv‡Z wjß nB‡Z Avgv‡`i Aš—i †Kvb mgq fqfxwZ Abyfe K‡i bv| GB mg¯— ¯’vb I e¯‘mg~n‡K wb‡R‡`i wKejvn,
gvKmy` I g‡bi Avkv AvKv•Lv c~iY© nIqvi GKgvÎ Drm g‡b KwiqA eû`~i `~ivš— nB‡Z eû Kó ¯^xKvi Kwiqv †mBLv‡b
Avwmqv †jvKRb Dcw¯’Z nq| bhi †bIqv w`qv wgóvbœ weZiY Kwiqv, myMwÜ QovBqv, Av‡jv R¡vjvBqv eyhM©‡`i AvZ¥vi mvwbœa¨
jv‡fi †Póv Kwi‡Z _v‡K| †Zgwbfv‡e GB mg¯— †jvK eyhM©‡`i Zvmwexn, jvwV, cv`yKv Ges Ab¨vb¨ e¨eüZ wRwbm‡KI H
eyh‡M©i ¯’jvwfwl³ g‡b K‡i| ....
GB hy‡M hw` †Kvb cx‡ii jvwV, cvMox, cv`yKv ev Rvgv Kvco wKQz cvq Z‡e Dnv AwZ m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ †Kvb DuPz¯’v‡b ms¯’vcb
Kwiqv †mB ¯’vbwU‡K whqviZ Kivi Rb¨ †jvKRb‡K Avgš¿Y RvbvBqv Dnv‡K `iMvn kix‡d cwiYZ K‡i| GB mg¯— e¯‘ m¤^‡Ü †Kvb
†Kvb †jvK cÖcvMvÊv Kwiqv ewjqv _v‡K, Avwg AgyK eyh‡M©i e¨eüZ cv`yKv Øviv Ggb DcKvi cvBqvwQ hvnv eZ©gvb hy‡Mi RxweZ
eyhM©‡`i wbKUI cvIqv hvq bv| ......
GB KcUZv Ggb GK ¯—‡i `uvovq †h, eyhM©MY hLb Zvnv‡K GB RvZxq kixqZ we‡ivax Ab¨vq KvR Kiv nB‡Z wbe„Ë
_vwK‡Z e‡jb ZLb Zvnviv bvbv cÖKvi Ihi-AvcwË, Uvj-evnvb I eyhM©‡`i cÖwZ gneŸZ †cvl‡Yi evnvbv AbymÜvb Kwiqv ewjqv
_v‡K- GB RvZxq K_v Avgiv Zvnv‡`i cÖwZ gneŸ‡Zi `i“bB ewjqv _vwK| c‡i hLb GB KcUZvi †ivM mxgv AwZµg Kwiqv hvq
ZLb GB RvZxq †jv‡Kiv cÖKvk¨ wki‡Ki g‡a¨ wbgw¾Z nBqv hvq| hvnviv Zvnv‡`i GB mg¯— Kv‡R Zvnvw`M‡K evav`vb K‡i
ZLb Zvnviv evav`vbKvix‡`i wei“‡× AccÖPvi Kwiqv ewj‡Z _v‡K- Bnviv Avj­vni Ajx‡`i gZ I c‡_i we‡ivax Zvnv‡`i Kvkd
†KivgZ A¯^xKvi K‡i| †hgb Bn~`xMY nhiZ Cmv (Av)-‡K nhiZ Ihv‡qi (Av)-Gi A¯^xKviKvix I we‡ivax Ges
gymjgvb‡`i‡K nhiZ Cmv (Av)ÑGi kΓ I we‡ivax ewjqv cÖPvi Kwiqv _v‡K| GB c_åó m¤cÖ`v‡qi †jvK‡`i wbKU nhiZ Cmv
(Av) GZUv AcivaxB wQ‡jb †h, wZwb nhiZ Ihv‡qi (Av)-‡K Avj­vni cyÎ ewjqv wek¦vm Kwi‡Zb bv| gymjgvb‡`i Aciva-
Zvnviv nhiZ Cmv (Av)чK Avj­vni mš—vb ewjqv gv‡b bv|
†gvU K_v cÖwZwU †Mvgivn m¤cÖ`vqB wn`vqvZ cÖvß kixq‡Zi Abymvix †jvKw`M‡K c‡` c‡` AcgvwbZ I jvwÃZ
232

Kivi Rb¨ `„p cÖwZÁ _v‡K| GB cÖKvi Acgvb Kivi Rb¨B Zvnv‡`i wei“‡× Rb mgv‡R ewjqv †eovq †h, GB mg¯— †jvK
AgyK Ajxi we‡ivax I kΓ, Zvnvi gZ I c_‡K Bnviv wek¦vm K‡i bv| g°vi gykwiKMYI ûh~i (�) Ges mvnvev wKivg‡`i
m¤^‡Ü Ggb me K_v ewjZ| Zvnviv bexei‡K (�) mvex A_©vr †eØxb Ges wgj­v‡Z Beivnx‡gi we‡ivax I kΓ ewjqv †jvK
mgv‡R ewjqv †eovBZ|Ó 891
kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb: ÒkqZvb Av`g mš—vb‡`i Avw`g I AK…wÎg kΓ| †m cÖwZ hy‡M cÖwZ ¯’v‡b cÖ_‡g †Kvb
Avj­vni eÜzi Kei‡K fw³-kª×v I m¤§vb cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ mywbw`©ó Kwiqv jq| Zvici GKgvÎ Dcvm¨ Avj­vn‡K ev` w`qv
c~Rv-cve©‡bi Rb¨ H KeiwU‡K cÖwZgv ev g~wZ©‡Z cwiYZ K‡i| Bnvi ci kqZvb Zvnvi m½x-mv_x I Abymvix‡`i g‡a¨ †Rvi
Mjvq cÖPvi Kwi‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡i †h, hvnviv GB Ke‡ii c~Rv cve©b, Dnvi cv‡k Iim I †gjv Kwi‡Z eviY K‡i Zvnviv
cÖK…Zc‡ GB eyh‡M©i kΓ| Zvnviv GB eyhM©‡K Am¤§vb Kivi Ges Zvnvi cÖvc¨ nK Zvnv‡K bv †`Iqvi Rb¨B GBiƒc
Kwi‡Z‡Q| kqZv‡bi GB AccÖPv‡i D‡ËwRZ nBqv GK`j AÁ I Bjg weewR©Z †jvK GB mg¯— wb‡lavÁvKvix‡`i wei“‡×
†Kvgi euvwaqv jvwMqv hvq| GgbwK Zvnv‡K nZ¨v Kwi‡ZI wØav‡eva K‡i bv| Zvnv‡`i cÖwZ Kzdix dZIqv †`q, Zvnv‡K bvbv
cÖKvi `ytL-Kó R¡vjv-hš¿Yv w`‡Z e×cwiKi nq| evav cÖ`vbKvix‡`i †`vl wK? Zvnv‡`i †`vl nBj Avj­vn I Avj­vni ivm~j
(�) †h KvR Kivi wb‡`©k w`qv‡Pb Zvnviv Rb mvaviY‡K †mB KvR Kivi R&b¨ AvnŸvb K‡ib| Avi †h KvR Kiv nB‡Z
weiZ _vwK‡Z ewjqv‡Qb- Dnv Kiv nB‡Z Zvnvw`M‡K wb‡la K‡ib|Ó 892
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KziAvb Kvix‡g D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q 893 | G e„ cÖm‡½ Beby Dgi (iv) e‡jb: û`vBweqvi mwÜi evBqv‡Z †i`Iqv‡bi c‡ii ermi
Avgiv hLb Dgiv cvj‡bi Rb¨ Avevi wd‡i Avmjvg ZLb Avgv‡`i ga¨ †_‡K `yÕRb mvnvexI H MvQwUi wb‡P GKwÎZ nqwb| Zv
Avj­vni c †_‡K ingZ wQj| 894
Ab¨ nv`x‡m bv‡dÕ (ivn) e‡jb: wKQy gvbyl û`vBweqvq ÔevBqv‡Z †i`Iqv‡bi MvQÕ bv‡g Kw_Z MvQwUi wbKU AvmZ Ges
†mLv‡b mvjvZ Av`vq KiZ| Ljxdv Dgi (iv) G K_v Rvb‡Z cv‡ib| ZLb wZwb Zv‡`i‡K KwVb kvw¯—i fq †`Lvb| c‡i wZwb
H MvQwU‡K †K‡U †dj‡Z wb‡`©k †`b| Zuvi wb‡`©k g‡Zv MvQwU †K‡U †djv nq| 895
G nv`xmwU D‡j­L K‡i kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn †`njex e‡jb: Òfwel¨‡Z hvnv‡Z wki‡Ki c_ wPiZ‡i eÜ nBqv hvq Z¾b¨B
nhiZ Igi †mB MvQwU KvwUqA †djvi wb‡`©k w`qvwQ‡jb| GB e„wUi b¨vq hvnv wKQz g~wZ I cÖZxgvi †kªYxfy³ hvnvi Kvi‡Y AmsL¨
†dZbv dvmv` Ges we`ÔAv‡Zi cÖPjb nBqv iwnqv‡Q Ges hvnvi `i“b KwVbZg wec`vc` cÖKvk jvf Kwiqv‡Q Dnvi †ejvq ûKzg wK
nB‡Z cv‡i?
nhiZ Igi (iv)ÑGi Kv‡Ri Zzjbvq Ab¨Zg K…wZZ¡c~Y© KvR nBj ûh~‡i AvKivg (�)-Gi gmwR‡` †`ivi, †h gmwR`
Avãyj­vn Beby DevB Bmjv‡gi wZ mvab Kivi civgk© M„niƒ‡c wbg©vb KwiqvwQj- Dnv R¡vjvBqv †`Iqv| wZwb wkiK I we`Av‡Zi
c_ i“× Kivi gvb‡mB GB KvR KwiqvwQ‡jb| †mB mg¯— gmwR`, gw›`i Ke‡ii Dc‡i ˆZqvi Kiv nq A_ev ¯§„wZ‡mŠaiƒ‡c wbg©vY
Kiv nq Ges hvnv‡K †K›`ª Kwiqv Anin wkiK I we`Av‡Zi †mªvZ ewnqv Pwj‡Z‡Q Dnv aŸsm Kwiqv †`Iqv gmwR‡` †`ivi aŸs‡mi
Zzjbvq †Kvb As‡kB Kg cy‡Y¨i KvR b‡n| Bmjvg GB mg¯— gvwUi mv‡_ wgkvBqv wbwðý Kwiqv †`Iqvi wb‡`©k w`qv‡Q|
†h mg¯— wgbvi I M¤^yR g„Z ev knx` †jv‡Ki Ke‡ii Dci ¯’vwcZ ZvnvI aŸsm Kwiqv †`Iqv Avgv‡`i c‡ IqvwRe| KviY
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K‡Vvifv‡e wb‡la Kwiqv‡Qb| hvnviv GB mg¯— K‡i Zvnv‡`i cÖwZ jvbZ el©Y Kwiqv‡Qb| †h mg¯— welqe¯‘i cÖwZ ûhyi (�)
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gymjgvb‡`i GK Acwinvh© KZ©e¨| Avevi hvnviv Ke‡ii Dci evwZ R¡vjvq, Av‡jvK m¾vq mw¾Z K‡i, Svo evwZ jUKvq, myMwÜ
wQUvq, AvMievwZ R¡vjvq- Zvnv‡`i cÖwZI bex‡q AvKivg (�) Awfm¤úvZ Kwiqv‡Qb|
AZGe †h KvR Kivq ûh~i (�) Amš‘ó nBqv jvbZ Kwiqv‡Qb Dnv Kexiv †Mvbvn| Bnvi Dci †Kqvm KwiqvB
Ijvgv‡q wKivg dZIqv w`qv‡Qb Ke‡ii Rb¨ †gvgevwZ ev cÖ`x‡ci ˆZj gvbZ KivI nvivg| KviY GB RvZxq gvbZ KivB
cv‡ci Kv‡R gvbZ Kiv| †Kn hw` GB RvZxq gvbZ Kwiqv Av`vq bv K‡i Z‡e Zvnvi cvc nB‡e bv| GB RvZxq Ke‡ii
Rb¨ IqvKd KivI Rv‡qh b‡n| kixqZ g‡Z GZ`cÖKvi gvbZ Kiv bv Rv‡qh| GB mg¯— e¯‘‡K ¯’vwqZ¡ †`Iqv Ges Dnvi
cÖPjb Rvwi ivLvI kixqZ wei“× KvR wn‡m‡e MY¨|Ó 896
5. 5. 2. 6. ZvIqv°zj, AvbyMZ¨ I fvjevmvi wkiK
233

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G‡`‡ki AÁ gymwjg‡`i g‡a¨ e¨vcK| †hgb †Kv‡bv Kg© ïi“ Kivi mgq, hvÎvi mgq ev †bŠKv Pvjv‡bvi mgq Avj­vni bv‡gi mv‡_
MvRx cxi, PvPx cxi, cuvP cxi, †LvqvR wLwhi, e`i cxi ev Abiƒc †Kv‡bv mZ¨ ev KwíZ cxi ev Ijxi bvg †bIqv| Abyiƒfv‡e gv,
evev, LvRv evev, cvK cvÄvZb ev Ab¨ Kv‡iv bvg wb‡q hvÎv ïi“ Kiv, ev hvÎvi ïi“‡Z ev †Kv‡bv Kv‡Ri ïi“‡Z Giƒc Kv‡iv bvg
¯§iY K‡i Kcv‡j nvZ w`‡q mvjvg K‡i ev gv_v byB‡q Zvi cÖwZ mvjvg Rvwb‡q KvR ïi“ Kiv, Kv‡Ri ïi‡Z hš¿, Kv‡¯— ev Ab¨
wKQz‡K Kcv‡j †VKv‡bv ev mvjvg Kiv, dvwZgv (iv)-‡K eiK‡Zi gvwjK g‡b K‡i Ihb Kivi mgq Zuvi bvg wb‡q ev Ôgv eiKZÕ bvg
wb‡q ïi“ Kiv, cÖ_g dj, dmj, `ya BZ¨vw` gvwbK cxi ev Kv‡iv bv‡g †d‡j †`Iqv Ges Gfv‡e Zv‡`i mvnv‡h¨i Avkv Kiv ....
BZ¨vw` AMwYZ wkiKx Kg© I wek¦vm mgv‡Ri Avbv‡P Kvbv‡P GL‡bv we`¨gvb| e¯‘Z KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Áv‡bi Afve, c~e©eZ©x I
cvk©eZ©x a‡g©i cÖfve, gvbexq `ye©jZv, AvwjgM‡Yi AmZK©Zv, ¯^v_©v‡š^lx‡`i †jvf I AccÖPvi, kqZv‡bi cÖZviYv BZ¨vw` Kvi‡Y
Gfv‡e mijcÖvY AÁ gymwjgMY wki‡Ki g‡a¨ wbcwZZ n‡”Qb|
AvbyMZ¨ welqK wkiK cÖm‡½ KziAv‡bi evYx ÒZviv Avj­vn e¨ZxZ Zv‡`i cwÊZMY‡K Ges msmvi-weivMxMY‡K ieŸcÖwZcvjK
iƒ‡c MÖnY K‡i‡QÓ G AvqvZ D‡j­L K‡i kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn †`njex Zuvi ÔAvj-evjv¸j gyexbÕ MÖ‡š’ e‡jb: ÒD‡j­wLZ
Avqv‡Z wkiK‡K Bn~`x I L„÷vb‡`i mv‡_ mswk­ó Kiv m‡Ë¡I Ab¨ †Kv‡bv m¤cÖ`vq H mg¯— KvR Kwi‡j Zvnv‡`i Rb¨I Dnv wkiK
nB‡e Ges Zvnviv gykwiK bv‡g cwiwPZ nB‡e| eZ©gvb hy‡M KvÊÁvbnxb wKQz msL¨K AÁ †jvK ewjqv †eovq, cxi-dKxiMY hvnv
Av‡`k K‡i Dnv webvwØavq gvwbqv Pjv IqvwRe| Zvnv‡`i Av‡`k wb‡la hw` kixqZ we‡ivaxI nq Ges kixqZ hw` Dnv
cÖZ¨vL¨vbI K‡i Z_vwc Avgv‡`i c‡ Dnv cvjb Kiv KZ©e¨| Zvn‡`i Dc‡iv³ `vexi mg_©‡b nv‡dh wmivRxi GKwU iƒcK
KweZv cÖgvY ¯^iƒc `uvo Kivq| nv‡dh wmivRx ewjqv‡Qb: Ôcx‡i Kv‡gj hw` †Zvgvi Rvqbvgvh‡K kive w`qv iwOb Kivi Av‡`k
†`b Z‡e †Zvgvi c‡ Dnv Kvh©Kix Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| KviY c_ cÖ`k©K KLbI c_ m¤ú‡K© AÁ _v‡Kb bv|Õ d‡j BnvivI
ÔAvievevg wgb `~wbj­vnÕ A_©vr Avj­vn e¨ZxZ Ab¨ wKQz‡K gvey` mve¨¯—Kvix‡`i b¨vq wki‡K Zgmvq Zgmv”Qvw`Z| ....|Ó 897
kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn (ivn) Av‡iv e‡jb: ÒmvaviY †Kv‡bv gvbyl hw` †Kv‡bv GKRb dKxn‡K GK_v †f‡e ZvKjx` ev
AbymiY K‡i †h, Zuvi gZ gvby‡li †Kv‡bv fyj n‡Z cv‡i bv Ges wZwb hv ej‡eb Zv Aek¨B mwVK Ges Zvi g‡bi g‡a¨ Giƒc
wPš—v K‡i †h, D³ Avwj‡gi g‡Zi wei“‡× `wjj cÖKvk †c‡jI Zvi AbymiY Z¨vM Kie bv, Z‡e Zv n‡e cwÊZMY‡K I
msmviweivwMMY‡K iveŸ-cÖwZcvjK iƒ‡c MÖnY Kiv| ... wKš‘ †h e¨w³ ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi K_v‡KB GKgvÎ `xb g‡b K‡i Ges
Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~j (�) hv nvjvj ev nvivg K‡ib Zv Qvov Ab¨ wKQz‡KB nvjvj ev nvivg e‡j g‡b K‡i bv, Z‡e ivm~jyj­vn
(�) evYx I wkv m¤ú‡K© Zvi Áv‡bi KgwZi Kvi‡Y Kv‡iv ZvKjx`-AbymiY K‡i Ges evwn¨Kfv‡e mybœv‡Z beexi AbymiY
Ki‡Z _v‡K Ges †Kv‡bv wel‡q Zvi Kg© mybœv‡Zi †Ljvd n‡j †Kv‡bv weZK©-AvcwË bv K‡iB Zv ev` w`‡q mybœvZ MÖnY K‡i Z‡e
Zv KL‡bvB AvcwËKi bq|Ó 898
gykwiK‡`i fvjevmvi wkiK m¤ú‡K© gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb: ÒGKgvÎ Avj­vni K_v ejv n‡j hviv AvwLiv‡Z wek¦vm
K‡i bv Zv‡`i Aš—i weZ…òvq msKzwPZ nq Ges Avj­vni cwie‡Z© hviv Zv‡`i D‡j­L Kiv n‡q Zviv Avb‡›` Dj­wmZ nq|Ó 899
G Avqv‡Zi Zvdmxi cÖm‡½ Avj­vgv Avj~mx e‡jb: Ògnvb Avj­vn GLv‡b gykwiK‡`i †h we‡klY D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb Avgiv
A‡bK gvbyl‡K †m Ae¯’vq †`L‡Z cvB| G mKj gvbyl †h mKj g„Ze¨w³i wbKU ÎvY cÖv_©bv K‡i I mvnvh¨ Pvq Zv‡`i K_v
D‡j­L Kiv n‡j Zviv Drdzj­ Dj­wmZ nq| Zv‡`i bv‡g wg_¨v Kvwnbx¸wj ïb‡j Zviv Dj­v‡m D‡ØwjZ nq| GmKj Kvwnbx Zv‡`i
gwh© I cQ›` gZ nq Ges Zv‡`i AvKx`vi c‡ nq e‡jB Zviv Giƒc Dj­wmZ nq| hviv Giƒc Kvwnbx eY©bv K‡i Zv‡`i‡K Zviv
LyeB gh©v`v †`q Ges fw³ K‡i| Avi †h e¨w³ GKgvÎ Avj­vni K_v D‡j­L K‡i, GKgvÎ wZwbB mKj Kvh© cwiPvjb K‡ib Ges
mKj gZvi gvwjK e‡j D‡j­L K‡i Ges Zuvi gnZ¡ I gh©v`vi cwiPvqK cÖgvY¸wj D‡j­L K‡i Zvi cÖwZ Zviv weZ…òv †eva K‡i|
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ejwQj, †n evev AgyK, Avgv‡K iv Ki| Avwg Zv‡K ejjvg, Zzwg Avj­vn‡K WvK, ej: †n Avj­vn; KviY gnvcweÎ Avj­vn
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IjxM‡Yi gh©v`v A¯^xKvi K‡i| Avwg ï‡bwQ †h, Zv‡`i †KD †KD e‡j, Avj­vni †P‡qI Ijxiv `ª“Z Wv‡K mvov †`b| G K_v †h
KZ eo Kzdix Zv mn‡RB eySv hvq| Avgiv `yÔAv Kwi †h, gnvb Avj­vn Avgv‡`i‡K weåvwš— I Aeva¨Zv †_‡K iv K‡ib|Ó 901
5. 5. 3. wki‡Ki †mKvj I GKvj
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234

cÖfvweZ ev AÁZv, c~e©eZ©x ev cvk©eZ©x ag© Øviv cÖfvweZ wki‡K wjß gvbyl‡`i wPš—v, hyw³ I K‡g©i g‡a¨ Avgiv A¢yr wgj †`L‡Z
cvB|
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e‡j ¯^xKvi K‡ib|
(2) mK‡jiB wki‡Ki wfwË GB †h, gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi wKQz ev›`v‡K we‡klfv‡e fvj‡e‡m Zuv‡`i‡K wKQz A‡jŠwKK g½j-
Ag½‡ji gZv w`‡q‡Qb Ges Zv‡`i mycvwik wZwb †d‡jb bv| Giƒc ev›`v‡`i WvK‡j Zuviv Zv ïb‡Z I Rvb‡Z cv‡ib Ges
wb‡R‡`i gZvq ev Avj­vni Kv‡Q mycvwik K‡i cÖ‡qvRb wgwU‡q †`b| G‡`i WvK‡j Avj­vn Lywk nb Ges G‡`i WvK‡j Giv
ev›`v‡K Avj­vn †ejvqvZ ev ˆbKU¨ jvf Kwi‡q †`q|
(3) Avj­vni ÔwcÖq ev›`vÕ wba©viYI mK‡ji †‡Î GKBiƒc: Inxi gva¨‡g cwiÁvZ wKQz mwZ¨Kvi Avj­vni wcÖq ev›`vi
cvkvcvwk A‡bK KwíZ e¨w³Z¡‡K Giv ÔAvj­vni wcÖqÕ e‡j `vwe K‡i|
(4) mK‡jiB `jxj `yÔAv I kvdvÔAvZ welqK Inxi wb‡`©kbvi weK…wZ, gywRhv welqK fyj aviYv, wKQz hyw³, Kíbv, `vwe
Ges †jvKvPvi|
(5) wki‡Ki A‡hŠw³KZv e¨vL¨vq KziAv‡bi †h mKj hyw³ I e³e¨ Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ Zv meB
c~e©eZ©x gykwiK‡`i gZ GKBfv‡e gymwjg mgv‡Ri g‡a¨ we`¨gvb wki‡K wjß gvbyl‡`i †‡ÎI cÖ‡hvR¨| GLv‡b Avgiv ïay
GKwU AvqvZ ch©v‡jvPbv Kie|
(6) Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb: ÔÔej, †Zvgiv Avj­vni mv‡_ kixK evwb‡q Avj­vni cwie‡Z© hv‡`i‡K WvK
Zv‡`i wel‡q †f‡e †`‡LQ wK? Zviv c„w_ex‡Z wKQy m„wó K‡i _vK‡j Zv Avgv‡K †`LvI, A_ev AvKvkgÊjxi m„wó‡Z Zv‡`i †Kvb
Ask Av‡Q wK? bv wK Avwg Zv‡`i‡K †Kvb wKZve w`‡qwQ (Inxi Ávb `vb K‡iwQ) hvi cÖgv‡Yi Dci Zviv wbf©i K‡i? e¯‘Z
Rvwjgiv G‡K Aci‡K wg_¨v cÖwZkª“wZ w`‡q _v‡K|ÕÕ 902
(7) mvaviY gvbexq eyw×, we‡eK I hyw³i †Zv `vwe GB †h, whwb mKj wKQzi mªóv, cÖwZcvjK I mKj gZvi gvwjK
Zv‡KB GKgvÎ WvK‡Z n‡e Ges Bev`Z Ki‡Z n‡e| GLb cÖkœ n‡jv, bexMY, wdwikZvMY, mwZ¨Kvi ev KvíwbK IjxMY ev
KvíwbK †`e-†`weMY hv‡`i‡K Avj­vni mv‡_ kixK evwb‡q wec‡` Avc‡` Avj­vni cwie‡Z© hv‡`i‡K WvKv nq Zv‡`i WvKvi
wcQ‡b †hŠw³KZv ev `wjj wK? G‡`i g‡a¨ hviv wdwikZv, bex ev mwZ¨Kvi †bKKvi gvbyl Zuv‡`i‡K fvjevm‡Z n‡e Ges
Zv‡`i Rb¨ Avj­vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv Ki‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ Zv‡`i‡K WvK‡Z n‡e †Kb? Zv‡`i bv‡g gvbZ Ki‡Z n‡e †Kb? Zviv wK
we‡k¦i †Kv‡bv wKQz m„wyó K‡i‡Qb? mK‡jB GKev‡K¨ ¯^xKvi Ki‡Q †h, Zviv †Kv‡bvwKQzB m„wó K‡ib wb, eis gnvb Avj­vnB
gnvwe‡k¦i GKgvÎ mªóv I cÖwZcvjK| G‡Z ¯^vfvweK we‡eK I eyw× Øviv †h †Kv‡bv Ávbx gvbyl ¯^xKvi Ki‡eb †h, gnvb
Avj­vnB †h‡nZz GKgvÎ mªóv, cÖwZcvjK I mKj gZvi gvwjK, Zvn‡j Zv‡K Qvov A‡b¨i Bev`Z Kiv ev wec‡` Avc‡`
Ab¨ KvD‡K WvKv we‡eK-wei“× I A_©nxb|
gymwjg mgv‡Ri hv‡`i Bev`Z Kiv nq ev wec‡` Avc‡` hv‡`i WvKv nq †hgb Avjx (iv), dvwZgv (iv), cvKcvÄvZb,
Avjx es‡ki BgvgMY, ÔMvImÕ, ÔKzZzeÕ ev Ab¨vb¨ bv‡g cwiwPZ wewfbœ Ijx-Avj­vnMY G‡`i wel‡qI GKB cÖkœ Ges
DËiI GKB|
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Z‡e wZwb hw` Inxi gva¨‡g e‡j †`b †h, Avgvi Bev`‡Zi cÖ‡qvRb †bB, Avgvi ˆbKU¨ †c‡Z n‡j Avgvi wcÖq e¨w³Z¡‡`i
Bev`Z Ki, Zviv †Zvgv‡`i‡K Avgvi ˆbKU¨ cvB‡q †`‡e, A_ev Avgvi Kv‡Q mivmwi wKQz PvB‡j Zv cvIqv hv‡e bv, eis
Avgvi wcÖq ev›`v‡`i wbKU †Zvgv‡`i Avãvi †ck Ki‡e, Zviv Avgvi Kv‡Q †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ mycvwik Ki‡e| hw` Giƒc †Kv‡bv
wb‡`©k wZwb my¯úófv‡e w`‡Zb Z‡e Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K WvKvi, gvbZ Kivi ev mvR`v Kivi ˆeaZv cÖgvwYZ n‡Zv| wKš‘
KL‡bvB gykwiKMY Giƒc †Kv‡bv cÖgvY †`Lv‡Z cv‡ib wb| KziAv‡b G welqwU‡K AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| evisevi ejv
n‡q‡Q †h, Avj­vni mv‡_ wkiK K‡iv bv, †h wel‡q wZwb †Kv‡bv ÔmyjZvbÕ ev my¯úó cÖgvY bvwhj K‡ib wb| 903 Avi Avj­vni
mv‡_ wkiK Kivi gZ hyw³, we‡eK I Inx wei“× KvR Inxi my¯úó wb‡`©k Qvov Kivi A_© Avj­vni wb‡`©‡ki mv‡_ Kzdix Kiv|
(8) gymwjg mgv‡Ri †h mKj gvby‡l wki‡K wjß Zv‡`i Ae¯’vI GKB| Zviv KL‡bvB KziAvb-nv`xm †_‡K GKwU
wb‡`©kbvI †`Lv‡Z cv‡ib bv †h, gnvb Avj­vn Zuv‡K ev` w`‡q Ab¨ KvD‡K WvK‡Z, mvnvh¨ PvB‡Z, mvR`v Ki‡Z, Ab¨ Kv‡iv
bv‡g gvbZ, DrmM© Ki‡Z ev Ab¨ KvD‡K Bev`Z Ki‡Z †Kv‡bviƒc wb‡`©k ev AbygwZ w`‡q‡Qb| wKQz weK…wZ, Ace¨vL¨v,
hyw³, Kíbv ev MíKvwnbx Zv‡`i m¤^j|
(9) Dc‡ii Avqv‡Z me‡k‡l Zv‡`i wki‡Ki cÖK…Z Ae¯’v gnvb Avj­vn Rvwb‡q‡Qb| e¯‘Z gykwiKMY G‡K Aci‡K
Zv‡`i wg_¨v Kíbv wfwËK cÖm~Z cÖwZkÖ“wZ cÖ`vb K‡i| †Zvgiv G‡`i Bev`Z Ki, G‡`i Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv Ki, G‡`i‡K WvK,
Giv †Zvgv‡`i ÎvY Ki‡e, AvwLiv‡Z gyw³ †`‡e BZ¨vw` wg_¨v cÖwZkÖ“wZB Zv‡`i GKgvÎ m¤^j| Gi cvkvcvwk wRb I gvbyl
kqZv‡bi cÖPvwiZ RbkÖ“wZ I wKse`š—x: ÒAgyK wec‡` c‡o evev AgyK, gv AgyK, †m›U ev mvš—v AgyK‡K †W‡KwQj, Agwb †m
235

Zv‡K D×vi K‡i w`‡q‡Q|Ó G¸wjB gykwiK‡`i m¤^j|
(10) gymwjg †Kb Avj­vn‡K ev` w`‡q Ab¨‡K WvK‡eb? gnvb Avj­vn me©kw³gvb| wZwb mewKQz †`‡Lb, Rv‡bb,
ï‡bb| wZwb `qvgq Ges wZwb ev›`v‡K Zvi gv‡qi †P‡qI fvjev‡mb| wZwb cÖ`vb Ki‡j †KD †VKv‡Z cv‡i bv Ges wZwb
†VKv‡j †KD w`‡Z cv‡i bv| Zuv‡K WvK‡j Ges Zuvi Kv‡Q PvB‡j wZwb Lywk nb Ges Ges mvov †`b| Zvn‡j Avwg †Kb Zv‡K
†Q‡o Ab¨‡K WvKe? Avgiv cÖwZw`b evisevi ÔBq&qvKv bvÕey`y Iqv Bq&qvKv bvm&ZvÔCbÕ ( ﻥﻴﻌﺘـﺴﻨ ﻙﺎـﻴﺇﻭ �ﺩـﺒﻌﻨ ﻙﺎﻴﺇ) e‡j
†NvlYv Kwi †h: GKgvÎ ZuviB Kv‡Q Avgiv mvnvh¨ PvB| Z‡e †Kb Avgiv Ab¨‡K WvKe? gnvb Avj­vn evisevi e‡j‡Qb
GKgvÎ Zuv‡KB WvK‡Z| Gi wecix‡Z †Kv_vI Zuv‡K Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K WvK‡Z AbygwZ †`b wb| GiciI Avgiv †Kb Ab¨‡K
WvKe ev A‡b¨i Kv‡Q ÎvY PvBe?
(11) Zvwej-e¨vL¨v K‡i Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji (�) wb‡`©k Agvb¨ Kiv n‡jv Bewj‡mi cÖZviYvi g~j m~Î| gnvb Avj­vn
e‡jb:
ﻻِﺇ
�ﺓ�ﺭ�ﺠـﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻩ�ﺫـ�ﻫ �ﻥ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻤﹸﻜﺎ�ﻬﹶﻨ ﺎ�ﻤ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﻬ�ﺘَﺁ�ﻭ�ﺴ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻱﹺﺭﻭ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻱ�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻴِﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻁ�ﻴ ﱠﺸﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﺱ�ﻭ�ﺴ�ﻭﹶﻓ
�ﻥﻴ�ﺤ�ﺼﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤﹸﻜﹶﻟ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬ�ﻤ�ﺴﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﺩِﻟﺎﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨﻭﹸﻜﹶﺘ �ﻭَﺃ ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﻜﹶﻠ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨﻭﹸﻜﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ
ÒAZtci kqZvb Zv‡`i †MvcbK…Z j¾v¯’vb Zv‡`i Kv‡Q cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡`i‡K Kzgš¿Yv w`j Ges ejj, Ôcv‡Q
†Zvgiv Df‡q wdwikZv n‡q hvI wKsev †Zvgiv ¯’vqx nI G Rb¨B ïay †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK †Zvgv‡`i‡K G e„ m¤^‡Ü wb‡la
K‡i‡Qb| †m Zv‡`i Df‡qi wbKU kc_ K‡i e‡j †h, Avwg Aek¨B †Zvgv‡`i GKRb wnZvKvsx|Ó 904
GLv‡b kqZvb Av`g I nvIAv (Av)-‡K G K_v e‡j wb †h, Avj­vni Av‡`k gvbvi `iKvi †bB| eis †m e‡j‡Q †h, Avj­vni
Av‡`k Aek¨B gvb‡Z n‡e, Z‡e Avj­vni Av‡`‡ki ÔBj­vZÕ KviY, †nKgZ I inm¨Uv Rvb‡Z n‡e Ges †m Abymv‡i KvR Ki‡Z
n‡e| GLv‡b Avj­vn †Zvgv‡`i‡K dj †L‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb KviY G dj †L‡j †Zvgiv wdwikZv n‡q hv‡e Ges Rvbœv‡Zi ¯’vqx
evwm›`v n‡q hv‡e| GLb hw` †Zvgiv Rvbœv‡Z ¯’vqx _vK‡Z PvI Z‡e G dj †L‡Z cvi| cvkvcvwk †m Avj­vni Kmg K‡i e‡j †h,
†KejgvÎ Zv‡`i fvji Rb¨B †m Kó K‡i G eyw× w`‡q‡Q....|
mKj hy‡MB kqZvb Gfv‡eB Av`g mš—vb‡`i‡K cÖZviYv Ki‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn mKj wec‡` Avc‡` GKgvÎ Zuv‡K
WvK‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb Ges Zuv‡K Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K WvK‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| GLb kqZvb wewfbœ hyw³ w`‡q ej‡Q, AgyK
ZgyK Kvi‡Y Zv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wki‡Ki c_ †iva Ki‡Z Kei cvKv Ki‡Z, Kei‡i Dci Ni ev M¤^yR evbv‡Z, Kei DPy
Ki‡Z, Ke‡i wKQz wjL‡Z Ke‡ii wbKU gmwR` evbv‡Z, Ke‡i evwZ w`‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb ivm~jyj­vn �| Gi wecix‡Z
KL‡bvB Giƒc †Kv‡bv KvR Ki‡Z wb‡`©k ev Drmvn †`b wb| GLb kqZvb ej‡Q, AgyK ev ZgyK Kvi‡Y Zv wb‡la Ges AgyK
ev ZgyK Kvi‡Y Zv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| mKj wkiK, Kzdi I we`ÔAv‡Zi †‡ÎB kqZv‡bi g~j hyw³ GUvB| G wel‡q gywgb‡K
mZK© _vK‡Z n‡e| Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji wb‡`©k wbwØ©avq AvwiKfv‡e cvjbB bvRv‡Zi c_|
5. 6. Kzd&i ebvg ZvKdxi
5. 6. 1. ZvKdxi ev Cgv‡bi `vwe`vi‡K Kvwdi ejv
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv Kzdi I wki‡Ki cwiPq Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ| Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, G mKj Kzdi ev wkiK
A‡bK gymwjg bvgavix gvby‡li g‡a¨ we`¨gvb| mgv‡Ri A‡bK gvbylB wb‡R‡K gywgb I ZvInx‡` wek¦vmx e‡j `vwe Kivi
c‡iI Dc‡i Av‡jvwPZ wewfbœ cÖKvi wkiK ev Kzd‡ii g‡a¨ wjß _v‡Kb| G‡`i G mKj Kg© wkiK ev Kzdi e‡j Avgiv
wbwðZ Rvbvi c‡iI G‡`i‡K Kvwdi ev gykwiK ejvi †‡Î mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Kiv Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©k| †Kv‡bv Kg©‡K Kzdi ev
wkiK ejv Ges †Kv‡bv e¨w³‡K Kvwdi ev gykwiK ejvi g‡a¨ A‡bK cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| G welqK g~jbxwZ G Aby‡”Q‡`
Av‡jvPbv Kie| GQvov cieZ©x Aby‡”Q‡` wewfbœ weåvš— gymwjg wdiKv‡K Kvwdi ejvi †‡Î Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj
RvgvÔAv‡Zi g~jbxwZ Avgiv Av‡jvPbv Kie, Bbkv Avj­vn|
ZvKdxi A_© KvD‡K Kvwdi ejv ev Kvwdi e‡j Awfhy³ Kiv| (seduction to infidelity, charge of unbelief)| A_©vr
Cgv‡bi `vwe`vi ev gymwjg e‡j `vweKvix †Kv‡bv e¨w³‡K Kvwdi e‡j †NvlYv Kiv| KvD‡K Kvwdi ejvi wewfbœ ch©vq i‡q‡Q,
†hgb Kexiv †Mvbvn ev Avj­vni Aeva¨Zvi Kvi‡Y Kvwdi ejv, my¯úó Kzdix K‡g©i Kvi‡Y Kvwdi ejv, A¯úó Kzdixi Kvi‡Y
Kvwdi ejv, KvíwbK Kzdixi Kvi‡Y Kvwdi ejv BZ¨vw`|
5. 6. 2. Cgv‡bi `vwe`vi‡K Kvwdi ejvi wb‡lavÁv
Cgv‡bi `vwe`vi‡K Kvwdi ejvi wel‡q ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K mZK© K‡i‡Qb| Avãyj­vn Beby Dgvi (iv) e‡jb,
ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
236
( �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹾﺕ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﺭ
ﻻِﺇ�ﻭ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥِﺇ )
ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ �ﺀﺎ�ﺒ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻩﺎﹶﺨَﺃ ُل�ﺠ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﺭﱠﻔﹶﻜ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ
Òhw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Zvi fvB‡K Kvwdi e‡j, Z‡e G K_v `y R‡bi GKRb‡i Dci cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e| hw` Zvi fvB mwZ¨B Kvwdi

237
bv nq Z‡e †h Zv‡K Kvwdi ejj Zvi Dc‡iB Kzdix cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e|Ó 905
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb,
ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﺀﺎ�ﺒ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻴ �ﻪﻴ�ﺨ َﻷ
ُل�ﺠ�ﺭﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ
Òhw` †KD Zvi fvB‡K e‡j, †n Kvwdi, Z‡e Zv‡`i `yR‡bi GKR‡bi Dci GB Kdixi `vqfvi eZ©v‡e|Ó 906
Ave~ hvi (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb,
�ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺭﺎ�ﺤ ﻻِﺇ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹶﻜ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﺩ�ﻋ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻭَﺃ ﹺﺭﹾﻔﹸﻜﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﻼ�ﺠ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻋ�ﺩ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Òhw` †KD †Kv‡bv gvbyl‡K Kzdixi mv‡_ RwoZ K‡i AvnŸvb K‡i A_ev Zv‡K e‡j Ô‡n Avj­ni kÎ“Õ Avi †m Zv bv
nq, Z‡e Zv e³vi Dci eZ©v‡e|Ó 907
Ave~ mvC` Ly`ix (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb,
�ﻩﹺﺭ
�ﻴ�ﻔ
ﹾﻜﹶﺘ
ﹺﺒ �ﺭﱢﻔ
ﹸﻜ ﱠﻻِﺇ
�ﻭ ﹰﺍﺭ�ﻓﺎ
ﹶﻜ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ
�ﻥِﺇ
ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ
ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻫ
�ﺩ�ﺤ
َﺃ �ﺀﺎ�ﺒ
ﱠﻻِﺇ
ﹰﻼ�ﺠ
�ﺭ ٌل�ﺠ
�ﺭ �ﺭﹶﻔ
ﹾﻜَﺃ
ﺎ�ﻤ
Ò†h †Kv‡bv gvbyl hw` Ab¨ KvD‡K Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ K‡i Z‡e `yR‡bi GKR‡bi Dci Zv eZ©v‡e| hw` †m Kvwdi nq Z‡e fvj,
bB‡j Zv‡K Kvwdi †NvlYv Kivi Kvi‡Y Kvwdi †NvlYvKvixB Kvwdi n‡q hv‡e|Ó 908
mvweZ Beby `vnnvK (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb,
�ﻪ�ﻠﹾﺘﹶﻘﹶﻜ �ﻭ�ﻬﹶﻓ ﹴﺭﹾﻔﹸﻜﹺﺒ ﺎﹰﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ ﻰ�ﻤ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Òhw` †KD †Kv‡bv gywgb‡K Kzdix‡Z Awfhy³ K‡i Z‡e Zv Zv‡K nZ¨v Kivi gZB Aciva n‡e|Ó 909
GB A‡_© Ab¨vb¨ mvnvex †_‡K nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| GKB A‡_© 8/10 Rb mvnvex †_‡K wewfbœ mnxn mb‡` nv`xm ewY©Z
nIqv cÖgvY K‡i †h, G wel‡q ivm~jyj­vn � cÖvqktB Zuvi mvnvexMY‡K mZK© Ki‡Zb|
g°v weR‡qi c~‡e© ivm~jyj­vn � mvnvexMY‡K hy‡×i Rb¨ me©vZ¥K cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`b| wKš‘ †Kvb& w`‡K
ivIqvbv w`‡eb ev Kv‡`i wei“‡× hy× cwiPvjb Ki‡eb Zv wKQzB e‡jb bv| Zvi D‡Ïk¨ wQj h_vm¤¢e Kg i³cv‡Z cweÎ g°v
weRq m¤úbœ Kiv| mvnvex nvwZe Beby Avex evjZvÔAv eyS‡Z cv‡ib †h, ivm~jyj­vn � g°v Awfgy‡L ivIqvbv w`‡eb| wZwb g°vi
Kvwdi‡`i‡K G wel‡q msev` w`‡q wPwV wj‡Lb| G wel‡q Avjx (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � Avwg, hyevBi I wgK`v`-wZbRb‡K
ej‡jb, `ª“Z ivI`v LvL-G P‡j hvI| †mLv‡b GKRb gwnjv hvÎx cv‡e| Zvi Kv‡Q GKwU cÎ Av‡Q| †Zvgiv cÎwU wb‡q
Avm‡e| Avgiv Z_vq †h‡q gwnjv‡K †cjvg| Zv‡K ejjvg wPwVwU `vI| †m ejj, Avgvi Kv‡Q †Kv‡bv wPwV †bB| Avgiv ejjvg,
Zzwg hw` wPwVwU bv `vI Z‡e Avgiv †Zvgv‡K Dj½ K‡i Zj­vkx Kie| ZLb †g‡qwU Zvi †Lvcvi wfZi †_‡K wPwVwU †ei K‡i w`j|
wPwVwU wQj nvwZ‡ei c †_‡K g°vi Kvwdi‡`‡iK wjLv| ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb, nvwZe, G Kx? nvwZe e‡jb, †n Avj­vni ivm~j,
Avcwb GKUz ˆah© a‡i Avgvi K_v ïbyb| Avwg KzivBk es‡ki †jvK bB, Zv‡`i mv‡_ Pzw³e× n‡q g°vq wQjvg| g°v †_‡K
wnRiZ K‡i Avm‡jI Avgvi cwiRb Z_vq evm Ki‡Q| Avcbvi KzivBk mvnvexM‡Yi Kvwdi AvZ¥xq¯^R‡biv Zv‡`i abm¤ú` I
cwiRb‡`i iYv‡eY K‡ib| wKš‘ Avgvi †KD †bB| Avwg †P‡qwQjvg GB Lei cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g g°vi Kvwdi‡`i GKUz DcKvi
Ki‡Z, †hb Zviv Avgvi cwiev‡ii w`‡K j¨ iv‡L| Avwg Kzdixi Kvi‡Y, ag©Z¨vM Ki‡Z ev Kvwdi‡`i Kzdix‡Z mš‘wói Kvi‡Y
Avwg G KvR Kwiwb| ZLb ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb, nvwZe †Zvgv‡`i‡K mZ¨ K_vB e‡j‡Q| ZLb Dgvi (iv) e‡jb, †n Avj­vni
ivm~j, Avcwb AbygwZ w`b, Avwg GB gybvwdK‡K nZ¨v Kwi| wZwb e‡jb, nvwZe e`‡ii hy‡× Ask wb‡q‡Q| Avi m¤¢eZ Avj­vn
e`ievmx‡`i cÖwZ `wócvZ K‡i e‡j‡Qb, †Zvgiv hv PvI Ki, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K gv K‡iwQ|Ó 910
GLv‡b nvwZ‡ei KvR evn¨Z Bmjv‡gi wei“‡× Kvwdi‡`i weR‡qi Rb¨ Bmjvg I ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mv‡_ wek¦vNvZKZv
Ges Kzdi| GRb¨B Dgvi Zv‡K gybvwdK e‡j‡Qb| wKš‘ ivm~jyj­vn � ZvrwYK wm×vš— bv w`‡q Zvi Kv‡Q G Kv‡Ri e¨vL¨v
†P‡q‡Qb Ges Zvi e¨vL¨v †g‡b wb‡q‡Qb|
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
ﻲـ�ﻓ ﻲ�ﻨﻭ�ﺭﹾﺫﺍ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﻲ�ﻨﻭﹸﻘ�ﺤ�ﺴﺍ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﻲ�ﻨﻭﹸﻗﹺﺭ�ﺤَﺄﹶﻓ ﱡﺕ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪﻴ�ﻨ�ﺒ ﻰ�ﺼ�ﻭَﺃ ﹸﺕ�ﻭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻀ�ﺤ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻠﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ٌل�ﺠ�ﺭ ﹶﻑ�ﺭ�ﺴَﺃ
ﺎـ�ﻤ ﻱ�ﺩَﺃ ﹺﺽ�ﺭَﻸـِﻟ َلﺎـﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌﹶﻔﹶﻓ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻪ�ﺒﱠﺫ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﺒﺍﹶﺫ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺒﱢﺫ�ﻌ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﻲ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺭ�ﺩﹶﻗ �ﻥِﺌﹶﻟ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ�ﻭﹶﻓ ﹺﺭ�ﺤ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹺﺢﻴ�ﺭﻟﺍ
�ﻙِﻟﹶﺫﹺﺒ
�ﻪﹶﻟ �ﺭﹶﻔﹶﻐﹶﻓ �ﻙﹸﺘﹶﻓﺎﹶﺨ�ﻤ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻭَﺃ �ﺏ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ �ﻙﹸﺘ�ﻴﹾﺸﹶﺨ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹶﺕ�ﻌﹶﻨ�ﺼ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻙﹶﻠ�ﻤ�ﺤ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻟ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻡِﺌﺎﹶﻗ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﺍﹶﺫِﺈﹶﻓ
�ﺕﹾﺫﹶﺨَﺃ

ÒGKe¨w³ Rxebfi mxgvj•Nb I cv‡c wjß _v‡K| hLb Zvi g„Zz¨i mgq Dcw¯’Z nq ZLb †m Zvi cy·`i‡K IwmqZ
K‡i e‡j: Avgvi g„Zz¨ n‡j †Zvgiv Avgv‡K Av¸‡b cyov‡e| Gici Avgv‡K wePyY© Ki‡e| Gici S‡oi g‡a¨ Avgv‡K (Avgvi
†`‡ni wePzwY©Z QvB) mg~‡`ªi g‡a¨ Qvwo‡q †`‡e| KviY, Avj­vni Kmg, hw` Avgvi cÖwZcvjK Avgv‡K ai‡Z mg nb Z‡e
Avgv‡K Ggb kvw¯— w`‡eb †h kvw¯— wZwb Ab¨ KvD‡K †`b wb| Zvi mš—vbMY Zvi IwmqZ Abymv‡i Kg© K‡i| ZLb Avj­vn
hwgb‡K wb‡`©k †`b †h hv MÖnY K‡i‡Q Zv †diZ w`‡Z| ZrYvr †jvKwU cybR©xweZ n‡q Zvi mvg‡b `Êvqgvb n‡q hvq| ZLb
wZwb †jvKwU‡K e‡jb: Zzwg Giƒc Ki‡j †Kb? †jvKwU e‡j: †n Avgvi cÖwZcvjK: Avcbvi f‡q| ZLb wZwb Zv‡K GRb¨ gv
K‡i †`b|Ó 911
GLv‡b Avgiv †`wL †h, G e¨w³ GKwU Kzdix wek¦vm †cvlY K‡i‡Q| †m aviYv K‡i‡Q †h, Zvi †`n Gfv‡e cywo‡q QvB K‡i
mg~‡`ª Qvwo‡q w`‡j gnvb Avj­vn Zv‡K Avi cybi“¾xweZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv Ges kvw¯—I w`‡Z cvi‡eb bv| evn¨Z Zvi Giƒc aviYv
wQj AÁZv cÖm~Z| GRb¨ Zvi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb wb‡f©Rvj Avj­vn-fxwZi Kvi‡Y Avj­vn Zv‡K gv K‡i †`b| Gfv‡e Avgiv †`wL †h,
GKwU wek¦vm mywbwðZ Kzdix n‡jI D³ wek¦v‡m wjß e¨w³ Kvwdi ejvi †‡Î mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡e|
5. 6. 3. ZvKdx‡ii g~jbxwZ
KziAvb-nv`x‡mi G mKj wb‡`©kbvi Av‡jv‡K mvnvexMY Ges Zv‡`i Abymvix Avnjym mybœv‡Zi AvwjgMY Cgv‡bi `vwe`vi
KvD‡K Kvwdi ejvi †‡Î AZ¨š— mZK©Zv Aej¤^b K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i gyjbxwZ n‡jv, gywgb wb‡Ri Cgv‡bi wel‡q AZ¨š— mZK©
_vK‡eb| mKj Kzdi, wkiK, cvc I Bmjvg we‡ivax wPš—v‡PZbv †_‡K mZK©Zvi mv‡_ AvZ¥iv Ki‡eb| wKš‘ A‡b¨i Cgv‡bi `vwe
MÖnY Kivi wel‡q evwn¨K `vwei Dci wbf©i Ki‡eb| †Kv‡bv Cgv‡bi `vwe`vi‡KB Kvwdi bv ejvi Rb¨ m‡e©v”P mZK©Zv Aej¤^b
Ki‡eb| fyj K‡i †Kv‡bv gyÕwgb‡K Kvwdi e‡j g‡b Kivi †P‡q fyj K‡i †Kv‡bv Kvwdi-gykwiK‡K gymwjg g‡b Kiv A‡bK A‡bK
fvj I wbivc`| cÖ_g †‡Î KwVb cvc I wb‡Ri Cgvb bó nIqvi fq i‡q‡Q| cvš—‡i wØZxq †‡Î †Kv‡bviƒc cvc ev wZ
nIqvi m¤¢vebv †bB|
G bxwZi wfwˇZ Zuviv wek¦vm K‡ib †h, †h e¨w³ wb‡R‡K gymwjg e‡j `vwe Ki‡Qb, Zv‡K †Kv‡bv cv‡ci Kvi‡Y
ÔAgymwjgÕ, Kvwdi ev ag©Z¨vMx e‡j MY¨ Kiv hv‡e bv, wZwb Zvi cvc †_‡K ZvIev Ki“b, A_ev bvB Ki“b, hZY bv wZwb
my®úófv‡e Bmjvgx wek¦v‡mi cwicš’x †Kv‡bv wek¦vm †cvlY Kivi †NvlYv w`‡eb| Bmjvgx AvBb j•NbKvix, ev Avj­vni
wb‡`©k Agvb¨Kvix gymwjg cvcx gymwjg e‡j MY¨ n‡eb| KL‡bvB Zv‡K cv‡ci Kvi‡Y ÔAgymwjgÕ ev ag©Z¨vMx e‡j MY¨ Kiv
n‡e bv| Z‡e hw` Zvi GB cvc ev Aeva¨Zv‡K wZwb ˆea g‡b K‡ib ev Bmjvgx weavb‡K ev‡R, dvjZz, APj ev
Acvjb‡hvM¨ e‡j g‡b K‡ib ev Bmjv‡gi wKQz weavb cwiZ¨vM K‡iI fvj gymwjg nIqv hvq e‡j g‡b K‡ib Z‡e Zv Kzdix
ev ag©Z¨vM e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
Cgv‡bi `vwe`vi †R‡b ï‡b Kzdix Ki‡eb bv e‡jB a‡i wb‡Z n‡e| Kv‡iv K_v ev Kg© evn¨Z Kzdix n‡jI hw` Zvi
†Kv‡bviƒc Bmjvg m¤§Z e¨vL¨v †`Iqv hvq Z‡e `~ieZ©x n‡jI Bmjvgx e¨vL¨v MÖnY K‡i Zv‡K gywgb e‡j †g‡b wb‡Z n‡e|
m‡e©vcwi Cgv‡b `vwe`vi †Kv‡bv e¨w³ hw` my¯úó †Kv‡bv Kzdix ev wkiKx Kv‡R wjß nq, Z‡e Zvi Kg©‡K Kzdix ejv n‡jI
e¨w³MZfv‡e Zv‡K Kvwdi ejvi Av‡M G wel‡q Zvi †Kv‡bv Ihi Av‡Q wKbv Zv Rvb‡Z n‡e| †mB e¨w³ AÁZv, fq ev Ab¨
†Kv‡bv IR‡ii K_v D‡j­L Ki‡j Zv MÖnY Kiv n‡e| Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z G n‡jv Bmjv‡gi Ab¨Zg
g~jbxwZ|
Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) e‡jb:
ﺔـﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﺎـﻨﻤﺅﻤ ﻪﻴﻤﺴﻨﻭ ،ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ
ﻡﺴﺍ ﻪﻨﻋ لﻴﺯﻨ ﻻﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻠﺤﺘﺴﻴ
ﻡﻟ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻥﺇﻭ ﺏﻭﻨﺫﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﻨﺫﺒ ﺎﻤﻠﺴﻤ ﺭﻔﻜﻨ ﻻﻭ
. ﺍﺭﻓﺎﻜ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺎﻘﺴﺎﻓ ﺎﻨﻤﺅﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺯﻭﺠﻴﻭ
ÒAvgiv †Kv‡bv gymwjg‡K †Kv‡bv cv‡ci Kvi‡Y Kvwdi ewj bv, hw`I Zv †Kv‡bv Kexiv †Mvbvn nq, hZY bv †m †m
cvcwU‡K nvjvj e‡j wek¦vm K‡i| Avgiv cv‡ci Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv gymwj‡gi ÔCgvbÕ-Gi bvg AcmviY Kwi bv| eis Avgiv Zv‡K
cÖK…ZB gywgb e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Kwi, †m Kvwdi bv g‡q GKRb cvcx gywgb n‡Z cv‡i|Ó 912
Bgvg Zvnvex (ivn) e‡jb: ÒAvgv‡`i wKejvcš’x‡`i ZZY ch©š— Avgiv gyÔwgb e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Kie hZY ch©š— Zviv
bex (�) hv wKQz wb‡q G‡m‡Qb Zv ¯^xKvi Ki‡e Ges wZwb hv wKQz e‡j‡Qb me mZ¨ e‡j wek¦vm I MÖnY Ki‡e| ... †hme welq
Cgv‡bi Aš—f~©³ K‡i‡Q, Ggb †Kv‡bv welq A¯^xKvi bv Ki‡j, †m Cgv‡bi MwÛ n‡Z ‡ei nq bv|Ó 913
G cÖm‡½ †gvj­v Avjx Kvix (ivn) D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, ÔAvnjy wKejvÕ ej‡Z Bmjv‡gi †gŠwjK wek¦vm¸wj hviv †g‡b
wb‡q‡Qb Zv‡`i‡K eySv‡bv nq| ZvInx`, wimvjvZ, AviKvbyj Cgvb I Avbylw½K mKj welq hv KziAvb Kvix‡g my¯úó ejv
n‡q‡Q, gyZvIqvwZi nv`xm Øviv cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q, gymwjg D¤§vni mKj Avwjg †h wel‡q GKgZ †cvlY K‡i‡Qb ev †h welqwU
gymwjg D¤§vi g‡a¨ mycÖwm× Giƒc †Kv‡bv welq hw` †KD A¯^xKvi K‡ib ev Awek¦vm K‡ib Z‡e Zv‡K ÔAvnjy wKejvÕ ejv nq
bv| †hgb ZvInx`yi i“e~weq¨vZ A¯^xKvi Kiv, ZvInx`yj Dj~wnq¨vZ A¯^xKvi Kiv, gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi wimvjv‡Zi me©RbxbZv
238

ev LvZgyb byeyIqvZ A¯^xKvi Kiv, KvD‡K †Kv‡bv ch©v‡q Zuvi kixq‡Zi E‡aŸ© e‡j wek¦vm Kiv, AvwLivZ A¯^xKvi Kiv
BZ¨vw`| Giƒc Awek¦v‡m wjß e¨w³ hw` AvRxeb KvÕev kix‡di w`‡K gyL K‡i mvjvZ Av`vq K‡ib ev Bmjv‡gi Ab¨vb¨
weavb cvjb K‡ib Z‡e Zv‡K ÔAvnjy wKejvÕ ejv n‡e bv| KviY wZwb CgvbB AR©b K‡ib wb, Kv‡RB Zvi Bmjvg ev
wKejvgywL nIqv evwZj I A_©nxb|
GQvov wZwb D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, †Kv‡bv gywgb gymwjg hw` Ggb †Kv‡bv K‡g© wjß nq ev K_v e‡j hv KziAvb-mybœvn wb‡`©k
Abymv‡i Kzd&i ev wkiK e‡j MY¨ Z‡e Zvi Kg©‡K Aek¨B wki&K ev Kzdi ejv n‡e, Z‡e Ôe¨w³MZfv‡eÕ D³ e¨w³‡K Kvwdi ev
gykwiK ejvi Av‡M †`L‡Z n‡e †h, AÁZv, e¨vL¨v, fyj eySv ev GRvZxq †Kv‡bv Ihi Zvi Av‡Q wKbv| 914
lô Aa¨vq:
we`ÔAvZ I wefw³
AvKx`vi †‡Î gymwjg D¤§vni wefw³ I wdiKvmg~‡ni Av‡jvPbv AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq| weåvš— wdiKvmg~‡ni weåvwš—i
KviY I ¯^iƒc bv Rvb‡j Giƒc weåvwš—i g‡a¨ wbcwZZ nIqvi mg~n m¤¢vebv _v‡K| Avi wefw³ I wdiKvi Av‡jvPbvi c~‡e©
we`ÔAv‡Zi Av‡jvPbv AZ¨vek¨K, KviY we`ÔAvZB wefw³i GKgvÎ KviY| GLv‡b D‡j­L¨ †h, we`ÔAv‡Zi cwiwPwZ, cÖKvi‡f`,
DrcwË, KviY I Kg©welqK we`ÔAvZ¸wj m¤ú‡K© we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ ÔGnBqvDm mybvbÕ MÖ‡š’| GLv‡b cÖm½Z we`ÔAv‡Zi
cwiPq Av‡jvPbvi c‡i AvKx`v welqK we`ÔAvZ cÖm‡½ Av‡jvPbv mxwgZ ivLvi †Póv Kie| gnvb Avj­vni ZvIdxK I Keywj¨Z
cÖv_bv KiwQ|
6. 1. we`ÔAv‡Zi cwiPq
6. 1. 1. Awfav‡b we`ÔAvZ
we`ÕAvZ kãwU Aviex Ôev`vÔAvÕ ( �ﻉ�ﺩـ�ﺒ) wµqv †_‡K M„nxZ Bmg| ev`ÔAv A_© be-D¢veb ev Abvw¯—Z¡ †_‡K Aw¯—Z¡ cÖ`vb
(Innovation)| we`ÔAvZ A_© be-D¢vweZ welq| 915 4_© wnRix kZ‡Ki cÖwm× fvlvwe` Beby `yivB` (321 wn) e‡jb, Òev`vÔAv
A_© †Kv‡bv wKQz ïi“ Kiv ev D¢veb Kiv| Avj­vni AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_exi Ôev`xÕ, A_©vr D¢veK I Abvw¯—Z¡ †_‡K Aw¯—Z¡-`vZv ev
m„wóKZ©v| †h e¨w³ †Kv‡bv welq bZzb D¢veb ev Avwe®‹vi K‡i †m Zvi we`ÔAvZ-Kvix ev D¢veK| Bmg Ôwe`ÔAvZÕ|Ó 916
239
cÖwm× fvlvwe` BmgvCj Beby nv¤§v` Avj-RvInvix (393 wn) e‡jb:
. لﺎﻤﹾﻜﻹﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﹸﺙ�ﺩ�ﺤﻟﺍ : ﹸﺔ�ﻋ�ﺩﹺﺒﻟﺍﻭ
ÒAvj-we`ÔAvZ A_© c~Y©Zvi c‡i `x‡bi g‡a¨ be-D¢veb|Ó 917
dvB‡ivh-Avev`x (817 wn) e‡jb:
ِلﺎﻤ�ﻋَﻷﺍﻭ �ﺀﺍﻭ�ﻫَﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ � �ﻲﺒﻨﻟﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﹶﺙ�ﺩ�ﺤﹸﺘ�ﺴﺍ ﺎﻤ ﻭﺃ ،ِلﺎ�ﻤﹾﻜِﻹﺍ �ﺩﻌﺒ ﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﹸﺙ�ﺩ�ﺤﻟﺍ : ﺭﺴﻜﻟﺎﺒ ﹸﺔ�ﻋ�ﺩﹺﺒﻟﺍﻭ
Ôwe`ÔAvZ: c~Y©Zvi c‡i `x‡bi g‡a¨ be-D¢veb, A_ev ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi c‡i †h gZev` ev Kg© D¢vweZ n‡q‡Q|Ó 918 Beby
gvbh~iI Abyiƒc e‡j‡Qb| 919
Avj­vgv Beby byRvBg (790 wn) Avj-evni“i iv‡qK MÖ‡š’ e‡jb:
. �ﻪـﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻥﺎ�ﺼﹾﻘﹸﻨ �ﻭَﺃ ﹺﻥﻴ�ﺩﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹲﺓ�ﺩﺎ�ﻴﹺﺯ �ﻭ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹾﺕ�ﺒﹶﻠﹶﻏ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻪﹶﺜ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻩَﺃ�ﺩﹶﺘ�ﺒﺍ ﺍﹶﺫﺇ �ﺭ�ﻤ َﺄﹾﻟﺍ �ﻉ�ﺩﹶﺘ�ﺒﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﺴﺍ ﹺﺏﹺﺭﹾﻐ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ �ﻲ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﻋ�ﺩﹺﺒﹾﻟﺍ
ﹴﻥﺎـ�ﺴ�ﺤ�ﺘ�ﺴﺍ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﻬ�ﺒﹸﺸ ﹺﻉ�ﻭﹶﻨﹺﺒ ٍلﺎ�ﺤ �ﻭَﺃ ٍل�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻭَﺃ ﹴﻡﹾﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻋ ﻰﱠﻘﹶﻠﹶﺘ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻑﻼ�ﺨ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹶﺙ�ﺩ�ﺤُﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻬﱠﻨَﺄﹺﺒ �ﻲﱢﻨ�ﻤﱡﺸﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻓ�ﺭ�ﻋ�ﻭ
. ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻘﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻤ ﺎﹰﻁﺍ�ﺭ�ﺼ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻤﻴﹺﻭﹶﻗ ﺎﹰﻨﻴ�ﺩ َل�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻭ
ÒAvj-gyMwie MÖ‡š’ ejv n‡q‡Q, Ôwe`ÔAvZ kãwU ÔBeZv`ÔAvÕ wdÕj †_‡K M„nxZ Bmg| wdjwUi A_© ïi“ Kiv ev D¢veb
Kiv| AZtci `x‡bi g‡a¨ ms‡hvRb ev we‡qvRb A‡_© we`ÔAvZ kãwUi e¨envi cÖvavb¨ jvf K‡i|Õ ï¤§vbx we`ÔAv‡Zi msÁvq

e‡jb: Ôivm~jyj­vn � †_‡K M„nxZ m‡Z¨i e¨wZµg †h Ávb-gZ, Kg© ev Ae¯’v KziAvb-mybœvni e³e¨ fyj eySvi Kvi‡Y Ges fvj
g‡b K‡i D¢veb Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges hv‡K mwVK `xb I wmiv‡Z gy¯—vKxg evwb‡q †`Iqv n‡q‡Q ZvB we`ÔAvZÕ|Ó 920
Avj­vgv Beivnxg Beby g~mv Avk-kvwZex (790 wn) e‡jb:
ﻪﻨﺎﺤﺒﺴ ﷲ ﺩﺒﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻐﻟﺎﻤﺒﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻙﻭﻠﺴﻟﺎﺒ ﺩﺼﻘﻴ ،ﹶﺔ�ﻴ�ﻋ�ﺭﱠﺸﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻫﺎ�ﻀﹸﺘ �ﺔ�ﻋ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﺨ�ﻤ ﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺔﻋﺩﺒﻟﺎﻓ
Òwe`ÔAvZ ej‡Z eySvq `x‡bi g‡a¨ kixq‡Zi c×wZi Zzj¨ †Kv‡bv be-Avwe®K…Z- D¢vweZ ZixKv ev c×wZ gnvb
Avj­vni AwZwi³ Bev`‡Zi Avkvq †h c×wZi AbymiY Kiv nq|Ó 921
240
Avj­vgv gynv¤§v` Beby Avjx AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx (1088 wn) Zuvi Av`-`yi&i“j gyLZvi MÖ‡š’ we`ÔAv‡Zi cwiP‡q e‡jb:
�ﺔ�ﻬ�ﺒﹸﺸ ﹺﻉ�ﻭﹶﻨﹺﺒ ْل�ﺒ �ﺓ�ﺩﹶﻨﺎ�ﻌ�ﻤﹺﺒ ﻻ ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻑﻭ�ﺭ�ﻌ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻑﻼ�ﺨ �ﺩﺎﹶﻘ�ﺘ�ﻋﺍ �ﻲ�ﻫ�ﻭ
Òwe`ÔAvZ n‡jv, ivm~jyj­vn � †_‡K mycwiÁvZ wel‡qi e¨wZµg †Kv‡bv wek¦vm, †h e¨wZµ‡gi KviY B”QvK…Z we‡ivwaZv
bq, eis KziAvb-mybœvni cÖgvY eyS‡Z A¯úóZv ev fyj eySv|Ó 922
6. 1. 2. KziAvb Kvix‡g we`ÔAvZ
KziAvb Kvixg †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, we`ÔAvZ n‡”Q Giƒc Kg© hv Ki‡Z Avj­vn wb‡`©k †`b wb, Z‡e Avj­vni
mš‘wói Rb¨ avwg©K gvbyl Zv D¢veb K‡i| Avi we`ÔAv‡Zi cÖK…wZ GB †h, gvbyl hw`I Bev`‡Zi AvMÖn wb‡qB Zv D¢veb
K‡i, wKš‘ Zv mwVKfv‡e cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| KviY †Kvb Kg© KZUzKz gvbyl mn‡R cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡e Zv gnvb Avj­vnB
fvj Rv‡bb| wZwb †mfv‡eB weavb †`b| avwg©K gvbyl a‡g©i mvaviY wb‡`©kbvi Av‡jv‡K Av‡iv †ewk fvj KvR Kivi AvMÖ‡n
wKQz bZzb Kg© ev ixwZ evwb‡q †bb| wKš‘ †kl ch©š— Zv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| gnvb Avj­vn L„÷vb‡`i wel‡q e‡jb:
ﺎ�ﻬ�ﺘ�ﻴﺎ�ﻋﹺﺭ ﱠﻕ�ﺤ ﺎ�ﻫ�ﻭ�ﻋ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﺍ�ﻭ�ﻀﹺﺭ �ﺀﺎﹶﻐ�ﺘ�ﺒﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻫﺎﹶﻨ�ﺒﹶﺘﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤ
ﺎ�ﻫﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩﹶﺘ�ﺒﺍ ﹰﺔ�ﻴ�ﻨﺎ�ﺒ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﻭ
ÒwKš‘ mbœ¨vmev`- G‡Zv Zviv wb‡RivB Avj­vni mš‘wó jv‡fi Rb¨ D¢veb K‡iwQj, Avwg Zv‡`i‡K Gi weavb †`B wb, A_P
ZvI Zviv h_vh_fv‡e cvjb K‡i wb|Ó 923
L„÷a‡g© I Ab¨vb¨ mKj Avmgvbx a‡g©B cvw_©e †jvf, jvjmv I †fvMwejvm Z¨vM K‡i AvwLivZgywL nIqvi Rb¨ Drmvn
†`Iqv n‡q‡Q| gnvb Avj­vn †fvMwejvm ev` w`‡Z e‡j‡Qb, Z‡e mbœ¨vmx n‡Z e‡jb wb| Avevi L„÷a‡g© mbœ¨vmx n‡Z ev weevnkvw`
bv K‡i msmvi-weivMx n‡Z †Kv‡bv wb‡laI wQj bv| avwg©K L„÷vbMY Abyfe K‡ib †h, weevn I Ni msmvi K‡i `ywbqv gywLZv I
†fvMwejvm †_‡K cwic~Y© gy³ nIqv hvq bv| GRb¨ Zviv †ewk Av‡LivZgywLZv AR©b Kivi Rb¨ Zviv Ôivnevwbq¨vnÕ ev mbœ¨vmev`
(monasticism, to become a monk) ixwZ D¢veb K‡i| Z‡e Zv wQj Avj­vni mš‘wójv‡fi Rb¨ gvbexq eyw× we‡eK LvwU‡q
ixwZ Avwe®‹vi Kiv| d‡j Zv AwaKvsk †‡Î wecixZ dj w`‡q‡Q| ga¨hy‡Mi L„÷vb gV¸wji BwZnvm co‡jB Avgiv Zv Rvb‡Z
cvwi|
6. 1. 3. nv`x‡m beex‡Z we`ÔAvZ
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, AvwfavwbK A‡_© we`ÔAvZ A_© Lvivc wKQz bq; be-D¢vweZ welq fvj ev Lvic n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘
ivm~jyj­vn (�) a‡g©i wel‡q be-D¢veb ev we`ÔAvZ wb›`bxq e‡j Rvwb‡q‡Qb|
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, gvbyl cÖK…wZMZfv‡e gvbexq we‡eK, eyw× I Áv‡bi gva¨‡gB gnvb mªóvi Aw¯—Z¡ Abyfe
Ki‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ ïay gvbexq Áv‡bi Dci wbf©i K‡i gnvb mªóvi Kg© I we‡kl‡Yi cÖK…wZ, Zuvi mš‘wói c_, Zuvi Bev`‡Zi c×wZ
BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© P~ovš— wm×vš— wb‡Z cv‡i bv| GRb¨ G mKj wel‡q Inxi Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z nq| Avi G Rb¨B gnvb Avj­vn bexivm~jMY‡K
†cÖiY K‡ib Ges Zuv‡`i‡K wKZve cÖ`vb K‡ib| Avj­vni mš‘wói Rb¨ Inxi evB‡i †Kv‡bv ag©xq gZvgZ ˆZwi Kiv,
ag©xq AvPvi, Abyôvb ev Kg© D¢veb Kiv avwg©K gvby‡li Rb¨ kqZv‡bi cÖeÂbvi `iRv Ly‡j †`q| GRb¨ wewfbœ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn
� D¤§vZ‡K we`ÔAvZ †_‡K mZK© K‡i‡Qb|
B‡Zvc~‡e© GKvwaK nv`x‡m Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ivm~jyj­vn � we`ÔAvZ‡K mybœv‡Zi wecix‡Z D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb Ges Zv aŸs‡mi
KviY e‡j D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| G A‡_© Avãyj­vn Beby Avgi (iv)-Gi nv`x‡m †`‡LwQ †h, Avãyj­vn (iv) `ywU †bKK‡g© c×wZMZfv‡e
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi e¨wZµg Ki‡Zb| ivm~jyj­vn � iv‡Zi wKQz Ask Zvnv¾y` Av`vq Ki‡Zb Ges gv‡mi wKQz w`‡b wmqvg cvjb
Ki‡Zb, cvš—‡i Avãyj­vn mvivivZ Zvnv¾y` Av`vq Ges mvivgvm bdj wmqvg Av`vq Ki‡Zb| welqwUi cÖwZ AvcwË cÖKvk K‡i
ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb: Ò†h e¨w³ Avgvi mybœvZ‡K AcQ›` Kij Avgvi mv‡_ Zvi m¤úK© _vK‡e bv|... Gici wZwb e‡jb : cÖ‡Z¨K
Av‡e‡`i K‡g©i DÏxcbvi †Rvqvi fvUv Av‡Q| Bev`‡Zi DÏxcbv KL‡bv Zxeª nq Avevi GB ZxeªZv GK mgq †_‡g hvq, KL‡bv
mybœv‡Zi w`‡K, KL‡bv we`ÔAv‡Zi w`‡K| hvi cÖkvwš— mybœv‡Zi cÖwZ n‡e †m †n`v‡qZ cÖvß n‡e| Avi hvi cÖkvwš— Ab¨ wKQyi w`‡K
n‡e †m aŸsmcÖvß n‡e|Ó

GLv‡b Avgiv K‡qKwU welq j¨ KiwQ:
(1) Zvnv¾y` I bdj wmqvg Bmjv‡g AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Bev`Z| wewfbœ nv`x‡m G Bev`Z †ewk †ewk cvjb Ki‡Z Drmvn
†`Iqv n‡q‡Q| G mKj nv`xm †_‡K eySv hvq †h, G Bev`Z hZ †ewk cvjb Kiv hv‡e ZZ †ewk mvIqve n‡e| Kv‡RB A‡a©K
iv‡Zi †P‡q mvivivZ Zvnv¾y‡` mvIqve †ewk nIqvi K_v| Abyiƒcfv‡e gv‡mi K‡qKw`b wmqvg cvj‡bi †P‡q cy‡iv gvm wmqvg
cvj‡b †ewk mvIqve nIqvi K_v|
(2) mvivivZ Zvnv¾y` ev wbwl× w`b¸wj ev` w`‡q mviv gvm wmqvg cvjb g~jZ wbwl× bq| Z‡e Zv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi
c×wZi evB‡i|
(3) Giƒc Kiv‡K ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi mybœvZ ev c×wZ AcQ›` Kivi bvgvš—i e‡j evisevi D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb|
(4) wZwb Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb †h, †Kv‡bv Avwe` hw` K‡g©i DÏxcbvq mvgwqKfv‡e AwZwi³ wKQz K‡i Z‡e Zv aŸsmvZ¥K
bq| Z‡e Zvi w¯’wZ hw` mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg nq Z‡e Zv aŸsmvZ¥K n‡e|
(5) wZwb Zuvi mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg Bev`Z‡‡K we`ÔAvZ e‡j‡Qb|
Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK nv`x‡m Gfv‡e we`ÔAvZ‡K mybœv‡Zi wecix‡Z D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Ôbe-D¢vebÕ e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv
n‡q‡Q| cÖ_g Aa¨v‡q AvKx`vi wel‡q mvnvexM‡Yi gZvgZ I e¨vL¨vi ¸i“Z¡ Av‡jvPbvKv‡j G A‡_©i Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avgiv
†`‡LwQ †h, ivm~jyj­vn� e‡j‡Qb: ÒAvgvi c‡i †Zvgiv hviv †eu‡P _vK‡e Zuviv A‡bK gZwe‡iva I `jv`wj †`L‡Z cv‡e|
Kv‡RB †Zvgvi `„pfv‡e Avgvi mybœvZ Ges Avgvi c‡ii Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`xb‡`i mybœvZ AuvK‡o a‡i _vK‡e, AbymiY Ki‡e|
Avi Lei`vi! be D¢vweZ Kg©vw` †_‡K mveavb _vK‡e; KviY mKj be D¢vweZ welqB Òwe`ÔAvZÓ Ges mKj Òwe`ÔAvZÓ-
B c_åôZv ev †Mvgivnx|Ó
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Rvwei (iv) e‡jb, bex Kixg � e‡j‡Qb :
�ﺔـ�ﻋ�ﺩﹺﺒ ﱡلـﹸﻜ�ﻭ ﹲﺔ�ﻋ�ﺩﹺﺒ �ﺔﹶﺜ�ﺩ �ﺤ�ﻤ ﱡلﹸﻜ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹸﺘﺎﹶﺜ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﹺﺭﻭ�ﻤُﻷﺍ �ﺭﹶﺸ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ �ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻫ ﹺﻱ�ﺩ�ﻬﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﺴ�ﺤَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ �ﺙﻴ�ﺩ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﹶﻕ�ﺩ�ﺼَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ
. ﹺﺭﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺔﹶﻟﻼ�ﻀ ﱡلﹸﻜ�ﻭ ﹲﺔﹶﻟﻼ�ﻀ
ÒmZ¨Zg evYx Avj­vni wKZve, Avi m‡e©vËg Av`k© gyn¤§‡`i (�) Av`k©, me‡P‡q Lvivc welq n‡jv bZzb D¢vweZ welq,
cÖwZwU bZzb D¢vweZ welqB Òwe`ÔAvZÓ Avi cÖwZwU Òwe`ÔAvZÓ-B c_åôZv Ges mKj c_åôZv Rvnvbœv‡gi g‡a¨|Ó 924
Avãyj­vn Beby gvmE` (iv) e‡jb: ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
ﹺﺭﻭـ�ﻤُﻷﺍ �ﺕﺎﹶﺜ�ﺩـ�ﺤ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎ�ﻴِﺇ�ﻭ ﻻَﺃ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤ�ﻤ �ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻫ ﹺﻱ�ﺩ�ﻬﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﺴ�ﺤَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡﻼﹶﻜ ﹺﻡﻼﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﺴ�ﺤَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻱ�ﺩ�ﻬﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡﻼﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻥﺎﹶﺘﹶﻨﹾﺜﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ
ﹲﺔﹶﻟﻼ�ﻀ �ﺔ�ﻋ�ﺩ ﹺﺒ ﱡلﹸﻜ�ﻭ ﹲﺔ�ﻋ�ﺩﹺﺒ �ﺔﹶﺜ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﱡلﹸﻜ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﹸﺘﺎﹶﺜ�ﺩ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﹺﺭﻭ�ﻤُﻷﺍ �ﺭﹶﺸ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ
Òwelq ïaygvÎ `ywU : evYx I Av`k©| m‡e©vËg evYx n‡jv Avj­vni evYx Ges m‡e©vËg Av`k© I c_ n‡jv gyn¤§` � -Gi
Av`k© I c_| mveavb! †Zvgiv be D¢vweZ welqvejx †_‡K mZK© I mveavb _vK‡e; KviY me‡P‡q wbK…ó welq n‡jv
beD¢vweZ welq| Avi mKj beD¢vweZ welqB Òwe`ÔAvZÓ Ges mKj Òwe`ÔAvZÓB weåvwš— ev c_åóZv|Ó 925
Av‡qkv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
241
�ﺩ�ﺭ �ﻭ�ﻬﹶﻓ �ﻪﻴ�ﻓ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ ﺎﹶﻨﹺﺭ�ﻤَﺃ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹶﺙ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ
ÒAvgv‡`i (ivm~jyj­vn � I Zuvi hy‡Mi gymjgvb‡`i: mvnvex‡`i) G Kv‡Ri (ag©xq Kg©Kv‡Êi) g‡a¨ †h bZzb †Kv‡bv welq
D¢veb Ki‡e Zvi bZzb D¢vweZ KvRwU cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kiv n‡e|Ó
mnxn gymwj‡gi wØZxq eY©bvq ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡jb:
�ﺩ�ﺭ �ﻭ�ﻬﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ ﻼ�ﻤ�ﻋ َل�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ
ÒAvgv‡`i Kg© hv bq Ggb †Kv‡bv Kg© hw` †Kv‡bv gvbyl K‡i Zvn‡j Zvi Kg© cÖZ¨vL¨vZ n‡e (Avj­vni wbKU Keyj
n‡e bv)|Ó 926
Zv‡eqx nvmvb emix (ivn.) e‡jb : ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb :
�ﻲﱢﻨ
�ﻤ �ﺱ�ﻴ
ﹶﻠﹶﻓ
�ﻲ�ﺘ
ﱠﻨ�ﺴ
�ﻥ�ﻋ
�ﺏ�ﻏ
�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ
�ﻭ �ﻲﱢﻨ
�ﻤ �ﻭ�ﻬ
ﹶﻓ �ﻲﹺﺒ
�ﻥﹶﺘ
�ﺴﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻤ
�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﻋ
�ﺩﹺﺒ
�ﻲ�ﻓ
ﹴﺭ�ﻴ
�ﺜﹶﻜ
ٍل�ﻤ
�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ
�ﺭ�ﻴ
ﹶﺨ �ﺔﱠﻨ
�ﺴ �ﻲ�ﻓ
ٌل�ﻴ
�ﻠﹶﻗ
ٌل�ﻤ
�ﻋ
Òmybœv‡Zi g‡a¨ Aí Avgj Kiv we`ÔAv‡Zi g‡a¨ A‡bK Avgj Kivi †P‡q DËg| †h Avgvi c×wZi AbymiY Ki‡e †m Avgvi
D¤§Z, Avgvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| Avi †h Avgvi c×wZ (mybœvZ) AcQ›` Ki‡e Zvi mv‡_ Avgvi †Kv‡bv m¤úK© †bB|Ó 927

we`ÔAvZ welqK ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi nv`xm¸wj ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j Avgiv wb‡gœi welq¸wj †`L‡Z cvB:
(1) AvwfavwbKfv‡e mKj bZzb D¢vweZ welq‡KB we`ÔAvZ ejv nq, Z‡e nv`x‡m beex‡Z ÔAvgv‡`i K‡g©i g‡a¨Õ ev
Ô`x‡bi g‡a¨Õ Ôbe D¢vweZ welqÕ-‡K we`ÔAvZ ejv n‡q‡Q|
(2) we`ÔAvZ‡K Ômybœv‡ZiÕ wecix‡Z D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges ZvKIqv, Avj­vni fq I Bev`‡Z ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi
mybœvZ‡KB m‡e©v”P Av`k© e‡j MÖnY Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| G †_‡K Rvbv hvq †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi e¨wZµg ev
AwZwi³ †Kv‡bv gZ, K_v, Kg© ev ixwZ‡K ZvKIqv, eyRyM©x ev Bev`Z e‡j MY¨ KivB we`ÔAvZ|
(3) we`ÔAvZ g~jZ eR©‡bi mybœv‡Zi mv‡_B mswk­ó| ivm~jyj­vn � hv K‡ib wb ev e‡jb wb, A_©vr wZwb hv Kiv ev ejv
eR©b K‡i‡Qb Zv Bev`‡Zi DÏxcbvq Kiv ev ejv ev Zv‡K Bev`Z, KvgvjvZ ev eyRywM© g‡b Kiv‡K we`ÔAvZ ejv n‡q‡Q|
(4) Bev`‡Zi DÏxcbv‡ZB we`ÔAv‡Zi DrcwË| Bev`‡Zi DÏxcbvq †bKKvi e¨w³ Bev`‡Zi †‡Î †Kv‡bv c×wZ, cÖKvi
ev ixwZ‡Z mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg Ki‡j Zv we`ÔAv‡Z cwiYZ nq|
(5) Keywjq¨vZ ev mvIqv‡ei Avkv‡ZB we`ÔAvZ Kiv nq, GRb¨ we`ÔAvZ Keyj n‡e bv e‡j evisevi nv`x‡m ejv
n‡q‡Q Ges we`ÔAvZ c×wZ‡Z †ewk Bev`‡Zi †P‡q mybœvZ c×wZ‡Z Aí Bev`Z †ewk MÖnY‡hvM¨ e‡j D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q|
(6) AvwfavwbKfv‡e we`ÔAvZ wb›`bxq bq, eis Zv fvj ev g›` n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e nv`x‡m beex‡Z we`ÔAvZ me©`v wb›`bxq
Ges mKj we`ÔAvZB c_åóZv| Gi KviY †hLv‡b Ac~Y©Zv Av‡Q †mLv‡b bZzbZ¡ cÖksmbxq| Avi †hLv‡b cwic~Y© c~Y©Zv we`¨gvb
†mLv‡b c~Y©Zvi AwZwi³ †Kv‡bv ms‡hvRbxi cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q g‡b Kivi A_©B c~Y©‡K Ac~Y© g‡b Kiv|
6. 1. 4. mvnvex-ZvweqxM‡Yi e³‡e¨ we`ÔAvZ
Zvweqx Avãyi ivngvb Beby Ave&`& AvjKvix e‡jb:
242
�ﻪـ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨِﻟ ُل�ﺠ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﱢﻠ�ﺼ�ﻴ �ﻥﻭﹸﻗ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﺘ�ﻤ
�ﻉﺍ�ﺯ�ﻭَﺃ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺍﹶﺫِﺈﹶﻓ �ﺩﹺﺠ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻥﺎ�ﻀ�ﻤ�ﺭ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹰﺔﹶﻠ�ﻴﹶﻟ
� ﹺﺏﺎﱠﻁﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﺒ �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻊ�ﻤ ﹸﺕ�ﺠ�ﺭﹶﺨ
�ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺠﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﺯ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﺜ َلﹶﺜ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜﹶﻟ �ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭ ٍﺉﹺﺭﺎﹶﻗ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺀﻻُﺅ�ﻫ ﹸﺕ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺠ �ﻭﹶﻟ ﻯ�ﺭَﺃ ﻲﱢﻨِﺇ �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻋ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹸﻁ�ﻫ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻪ�ﺘﻼ�ﺼﹺﺒ ﻲﱢﻠ�ﺼ�ﻴﹶﻓ ُل�ﺠ�ﺭﻟﺍ ﻲﱢﻠ�ﺼ�ﻴ�ﻭ
ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻩ�ﺫ�ﻫ ﹸﺔ�ﻋ�ﺩﹺﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻌ�ﻨ �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻋ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡﹺﻬِﺌﹺﺭﺎﹶﻗ �ﺓﻼ�ﺼﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﱡﻠ�ﺼ�ﻴ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﻯ�ﺭﹾﺨُﺃ ﹰﺔﹶﻠ�ﻴﹶﻟ
�ﻪ�ﻌ�ﻤ ﹸﺕ�ﺠ�ﺭﹶﺨ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﹴﺏ�ﻌﹶﻜ ﹺﻥ�ﺒ �ﻲ�ﺒُﺃ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ
�ﻪﹶﻟ�ﻭَﺃ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ ِل�ﻴﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﺨﺁ �ﺩﻴﹺﺭ�ﻴ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻟﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻤ ُل�ﻀﹾﻓَﺃ
.
ÒGKw`b Avwg Dgvi Bebyj LvËve (iv.)-Gi mv‡_ ighvb gv‡m gmwR‡` †Mjvg| †mLv‡b †`Ljvg gvby‡liv †QvU †QvU
`‡j wef³| †Kv_vI GKe¨w³ GKv (Zvivexn ev iv‡Zi) mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Q| †Kv_vI K‡qKR‡b wg‡j †QvÆ GKwU Rvgv‡Z
mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Q| G †`‡L Dgvi ej‡jb: Avgvi g‡b nq G mKj gvby‡li Rb¨ GKRb Bgvg wbhy³ K‡i †`Iqv fv‡jv
n‡e| Gici wZwb wm×vš— wb‡q †dj‡jb| wZwb DevB Beby KvÕe‡K Bgvg wbhy³ K‡i GK‡Î (Zviex‡ni) mvjv‡Zi e¨e¯’v
K‡i w`‡jb| Gici Ab¨ GK iv‡Z hLb Avwg Zuvi mv‡_ †ei n‡qwQ ZLb Avgiv †`Ljvg mKj gvbyl GK‡Î Bgv‡gi wc‡Q
Rvgv‡Z mvjvZ (Zvivexn) Av`vq Ki‡Q| G `„k¨ †`‡L Dgvi ej‡jb: GwU GKwU fv‡jv we`ÔAvZ, Z‡e hv †_‡K Giv Nywg‡q
_v‡K Zv †ewk DËg| wZwb eySv‡jb †h, G mKj gvbyl cÖ_g iv‡Z Zvivexn Av`vq Ki‡Q, †kl iv‡Z Nywg‡q co‡Q, wKš‘ †kl
iv‡Z Zvivexn co‡j Zv †ewk fv‡jv n‡Zv|Ó 928
wKqvgyj­vBj A_©vr iv‡Zi mvjvZ ev Zvivex‡ni wbqwgZ RvgvZ ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi hy‡M bv _vK‡Z Dgvi Zv‡K
Ôwe`ÔAvZÕ e‡j‡Qb| ¯^fveZB GKvš—B AvwfavwbK A‡_© Zv Ôwe`ÔAvZÕ ev bZzb welq, KviY `x‡bi g‡a¨ Zv bZyb bq|
GLv‡b Avgiv K‡qKwU welq j¨ Kwi:
(1) ivgv`v‡bi iw·Z wKqvgyj­vBj ¸i“Z¡c~Y© gvmb~b Bev`Z|
(2) wKqvgyj­vB‡j KziAvb cvV I LZg mybœvZ-m¤§Z Bev`Z|
(3) G Rb¨ RvgvÔAvZ mybœvZ-m¤§Z| ivm~jyj­vn (�) K‡qKevi RvgvÔAv‡Z Zv Av`vq K‡i‡Qb| Z‡e dih nIqvi
AvksKvq wbqwgZ Rvgv‡Z Av`vq K‡ib wb|
(4) ivgv`v‡bi wKqvgyj­vBj, wKqvgyj­vB‡j KziAvb LZg I gv‡S gv‡S Rvgv‡Z Av`vq ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mybœvZ| Zv wbqwgZ
Rvgv‡Z Av`v‡qi ixwZ Zuvi mg‡q wQj bv| GRb¨ Dgvi (iv) G‡K we`ÔAvZ e‡j‡Qb| wZwb G‡K fvj we`ÔAvZ e‡j‡Qb|
GLv‡b G cÖkœ n‡Z cv‡i †h, ivm~jyj­vn � mKj we`ÔAvZ‡K weåvwš— ej‡jb, A_P Dgvi wKfv‡e GKwU we`ÔAvZ‡K fvj
we`ÔAvZ ej‡jb| cÖK…Zc‡ wZwb AvwfavwbK A‡_©B G Kg©‡K we`ÔAvZ e‡j‡Qb Ges †m A‡_© G‡K fvj we`ÔAvZ e‡j‡Qb|
cieZ©x Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv †`Le †h, mybœv‡Zi e¨vL¨v I cÖv‡qvwMK e¨wZµ‡gi AwaKvi ivm~jyj­vn � Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`xb I
mvnvexMY‡K w`‡q‡Qb Ges Giƒc Kg©‡K Zuv‡`i mybœvZ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb| e¯‘Z Zuviv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mybœv&Z me‡P‡q fvj
ey‡S‡Qb| †Kvb& KvRwU ivm~jyj­vn � we‡kl Kvi‡Y K‡ib wb, Z‡e Zuvi c‡i Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, ZvI Zuviv mwVKfv‡e eyS‡Zb| G
Áv‡bi Av‡jv‡KB Dgvi (iv) wbqwgZ wKqvgyj­vB‡ji RvgvÔAvZ‡K Ôfvj we`ÔAvZÕ e‡j‡Qb|
mybœv‡Zi Av‡jv‡K Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi Giƒc Kg© Ges RvMwZK, mvsmvwiK, cÖkvmwbK BZ¨vw` wel‡qi †‡Î bZzbZ¡ Qvov

Bev`Z e‡›`wMi †‡Î mvnvexMY mybœv‡Zi mvgvb¨Zg e¨wZµg‡K we`ÔAvZ e‡j wb›`v K‡i‡Qb| Zuv‡`i wewfbœ e³e¨ †_‡K Avgiv
Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg mKj cÖKvi Bev`Z, e‡›`wM, †bKKg©, gZvgZ, wek¦vm meB we`ÔAvZ| Zuviv me©`v Ômybœv‡ZÕi
wecix‡Z Ôwe`ÔAvZÕ Ges ÔBwËevÕ ev Abymi‡Yi wecix‡Z ÔBewZ`vÕ ev D¢veb D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| B‡Zvc~‡e© G A‡_© K‡qKwU nv`xm
Avgiv †`‡LwQ| GK nv`x‡m Beby gvmE` (iv) e‡jb :
�ﻕﻴ�ﺘ�ﻌﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ�ﻭ ﹶﻕ�ﻤ�ﻌﱠﺘﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎ�ﻴِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻊﱡﻁﹶﻨﱠﺘﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎ�ﻴِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻉ�ﺩ�ﺒﱠﺘﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎ�ﻴِﺇ�ﻭ ﹺﻡﹾﻠ�ﻌﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﻓ
Ò†Zvgiv Aek¨B Bj&g wkv Ki‡e| Avi Lei`vi! †Zvgi KL‡bv we`ÔAv‡Zi g‡a¨ wjß n‡e bv, Lei`vi! †Zvgiv
evovevwo‡Z wjß n‡e bv| Lei`vi! †Zvgiv AwZ MfxiZvi †Póv Ki‡e bv| eis †Zvgiv cÖvPxb‡K AuvK‡o a‡i _vK‡e|Ó 929
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb :
�ﻡـﹸﺘﻴـ�ﻔـﹸﻜ �ﺩـﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﺍﻭ�ﻋ�ﺩـﹶﺘـ�ﺒـﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺍﻭ�ﻌـﹺﺒـﱠﺘﺍ
Ò†Zvgiv AbymiY Ki, D¢veb K‡iv bv, KviY `x‡bi g‡a¨ hv Av‡Q Zv-B †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ h‡_ô|Ó 930
Ab¨ nv`x‡m wZwb e‡jb :
�ﺔ�ﻋ
�ﺩﹺﺒ
ﹾﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻓ
�ﺩﺎ�ﻬ
�ﺘ�ﺠ
�ﻻﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ
�ﻥ�ﺴ
�ﺤَﺃ
�ﺔﱠﻨ
�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻓ
�ﺩﺎ�ﺼ
�ﺘﹾﻗ
�ﻻﹶﺍ
Òwe`ÔAvZ c×wZ‡Z †ewk Avgj Kivi †P‡q mybœv‡Zi Dci Aí Avgj Kiv DËg|Ó 931
Dmgvb web nvw`i e‡jb: Avwg Beby AveŸvm (iv)-Gi wbKU Mgb Kwi Ges Zuv‡K ewj: Avgv‡K wKQy Dc‡`k w`b|
wZwb e‡jb:
243
�ﻉ�ﺩﹶﺘ�ﺒﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻊﹺﺒﱠﺘﺍ ،�ﺔ�ﻤﺎﹶﻘ�ﺘ�ﺴﻻﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
ﻯ�ﻭﹾﻘﹶﺘﹺﺒ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ،�ﻡ�ﻌﹶﻨ
Ònuv, Zzwg Avj­vn‡K fq Ki‡e, Bmjv‡gi wewaweavb my`„pfv‡e cvjb Ki‡e| Zzwg AbymiY ev BwËev Ki‡e, we`ÔAvZ D¢veb
Ki‡e bv|Ó 932
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avãyj­vn Beby AveŸvm (iv) e‡jb:
�ﻥﹶﻨ
�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹶﺕ�ﻭ
�ﻤﹶﺘ
�ﻭ �ﻉ�ﺩ
ﹺﺒﹾﻟﺍ
ﺎ�ﻴ�ﺤ
ﹶﺘ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ
،ﹰﺔﱠﻨ
�ﺴ �ﻪ�ﻴ
�ﻓ ﺍﻭﹸﺘﺎ�ﻤ
َﺃ�ﻭ
ﹰﺔ�ﻋ
�ﺩﹺﺒ
�ﻪ�ﻴ
�ﻓ ﺍ�ﻭﹸﺜ
�ﺩ�ﺤ
َﺃ ﱠﻻِﺇ
�ﻡﺎ �ﻋ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ
ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ
ﻰﹶﺘَﺃ
ﺎ�ﻤ
ÒcÖwZ ermiB gvbyl wKQy we`ÔAvZ D¢veb Ki‡Z _vK‡e Ges mybœvZ †g‡i †dj‡e, GK ch©v‡q ïay we`ÔAvZB †eu‡P
_vK‡e Avi mybœvZmg~n wejxb n‡q hv‡e|Ó 933
Bgvg m~q~Zx (ivn) eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, ûhvBdv (iv) e‡jb:
�ﺭـﹶﺸ�ﻌ
�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻴ
َﷲﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﺎ
ﹶﻓ ،ﹰﻻﺎﹶﻘ
�ﻤ ﹺﺭ�ﺨﻶ
ِﻟ �ﻉ�ﺩ
�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ
َل�ﻭ
َﻷﺍ �ﻥِﺈ
ﹶﻓ ؛ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ
ﺍ�ﻭ�ﺩ
�ﺒ�ﻌ
ﹶﺘ ﹶﺘ ﹶﻼﹶﻓ
� ِﷲﺍ ِلﻭ�ﺴ
�ﺭ
�ﺏﺎ�ﺤ�ﺼ
َﺃ ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ
�ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌ
ﹶﺘ�ﻴ
�ﻡﹶﻟ
�ﺓ�ﺩﺎ
�ﺒ�ﻋ
ﱡلﹸﻜ
�ﻡﹸﻜ
ﹶﻠ�ﺒ
ﹶﻗ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ
�ﻥ�ﻤ
ﹶﻕ�ﻴ
ﹺﺭﹶﻁ
ﺍﻭﹸﺫﹸﺨ
،�ﺀﺍ�ﺭ
ﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ
Òmvnvev‡q †KivgMY †h Bev`Z K‡ibwb, †Zvgiv KL‡bv †m Bev`Z Ki‡e bv| KviY c~e©eZ©xiv cieZx©‡`i Rb¨ K_v
ejvi (†Kv‡bv bZzb K_v ejvi ev bZzb Kg© D¢veb Kivi) †Kv‡bv my‡hvM †i‡L hvbwb| †n Avj­vni c‡_i cw_KMY, †Zvgiv
Avj­vn‡K fq K‡i Pj Ges †Zvgv‡`i c~e©eZx©M‡Yi c_ Aej¤^b K‡i Pj|Ó 934
ûhvBdvn (iv.) `ywU cv_i wb‡q GKwU‡K AciwUi Dc‡i iv‡Lb Ges mnPi Zv‡eqxMY‡K cÖkœ K‡ib: †Zvgiv wK `ywU
cv_‡ii gvSLv‡b †Kv‡bv Av‡jv †`L‡Z cv”Q? Zuviv e‡jb: Lye mvgvb¨ Av‡jvB cv_i `ywUi ga¨ †_‡K †`Lv hv‡”Q| ZLb wZwb
e‡jb:
ِﷲﺍ�ﻭ
،ﹺﺭ�ﻭ
ـﱡﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥـ�ﻤ
ﹺﻥ�ﻴ
�ﺭـ�ﺠ�ﺤ
ﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻴ
ﹶﺫـ�ﻫ
�ﻥ�ﻴ
�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻤ
�ﺭ�ﺩ
ﹶﻗ ﱠﻻِﺇ
ﱢﻕ�ﺤ
ﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ
ﻯ�ﺭ�ﻴ
ﹶﻻ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ
،�ﻉ�ﺩ
ﹺﺒﹾﻟﺍ
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�ﻬﹾﻅ
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�ﻴﹺﺒ
�ﻲ�ﺴ
ﹾﻔﹶﻨ
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ﹸﺔﱠﻨ
�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﺕﹶﻜ
ﹺﺭﹸﺘ
: ﺍ�ﻭﹸﻟﺎ
ﹶﻗ �ﺀ�ﻲ
ﹶﺸ ﺎ�ﻬﹾﻨ
�ﻤ �ﻙﹺﺭ
ﹸﺘ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ
ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ
�ﻉ�ﺩ
ﹺﺒﹾﻟﺍ
�ﻥ�ﻭ
ﹸﺸﹾﻔ
ﹶﺘﹶﻟ
Òhvi nv‡Z Avgvi cÖvY Zuvi Kmg K‡i ejwQ: we`ÔAvZ Ggbfv‡e cÖmvi jvf Ki‡e †h, mZ¨ I mwVK gZ GB `ywU
cv_‡ii ga¨ †_‡K Avmv Av‡jvi g‡Zv xY n‡q hv‡e| Avj­vni Kmg, we`ÔAvZ Ggbfv‡e cÖmvi jvf Ki‡e †h, hw` †Kv‡bv
we`ÔAvZ eR©b Kiv nq, Zvn‡j mevB ej‡e : mybœvZ eR©b Kiv n‡q‡Q (we`ÔAvZ‡KB mybœvZ g‡b Kiv n‡e ev we`ÔAvZ cvjbB

mybœx nIqvi AvjvgZ e‡j MY¨ n‡e)| 935
¸`vBd Bebyj nvwim Avm-wmgvjx (iv) e‡jb:
ﻱ�ﺩـ�ﻴَﻷﺍ
�ﻊﹾﻓ�ﺭ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﹺﻥ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺠَﺃ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ �ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺴَﺃ ﺎ�ﺒَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻥﺍ�ﻭ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﺒ �ﻙ�ﻠ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻋ �ﻲﹶﻟِﺇ ﹶﺙ�ﻌ�ﺒ
�ﺀ�ﻲـﹶﺸ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻙ�ﺒﻴﹺﺠ�ﻤ ﹸﺕ�ﺴﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﻱ�ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺘ�ﻋ�ﺩﹺﺒ ُلﹶﺜ�ﻤَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬﱠﻨِﺇ ﺎ�ﻤَﺃ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ . ﹺﺭ�ﺼ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹺﺢ�ﺒ�ﺼﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﺹ�ﺼﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ،�ﺔ�ﻌ�ﻤ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﹺﺭﹺﺒﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ
ﺔ�ﻋ�ﺩﹺﺒ �ﺙﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤِﺇ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨ �ﺔﱠﻨ�ﺴﹺﺒ �ﻙ�ﺴ�ﻤﹶﺘﹶﻓ �ﺔﱠﻨ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻬﹸﻠﹾﺜ�ﻤ �ﻊ�ﻓ�ﺭ ﻻِﺇ ﹰﺔ�ﻋ�ﺩﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻭﹶﻗ ﹶﺙ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ َلﺎﹶﻗ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥَﻷ َلﺎﹶﻗ ؟�ﻡِﻟ َلﺎﹶﻗ . ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ
ÒDgvBqv Ljxdv Avãyj gvwjK Beby gviIqvb (wLjvdvZ 65-86 wn./ 684-703 wLª.) Avgvi Kv‡Q `~Z †cÖiY K‡i
†W‡K cvVvb Ges e‡jb †h, †n Avey Avmgv, Avgiv `ywU wel‡qi Dci gvbyl‡`i‡K mg‡eZ K‡iwQ (G wel‡q Avcbvi
mn‡hvwMZv Pvw”Q)| ¸`vBd ej‡jb: welq `ywU Kx Kx? Ljxdv ej‡jb: welq `ywU n‡jv: (1). ïµev‡ii w`b (RygAvi LyZ&evi
g‡a¨) wg¤^‡i Bgv‡gi Lyrev cÖ`v‡bi mgq nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kiv Ges (2). dRi Ges Avm‡ii mvjv‡Zi c‡i Mí Kvwnbxi
gva¨‡g IqvR Kiv| ZLb ¸`vBd ej‡jb: wbtm‡›`‡n GB `ywU welq Avgvi g‡Z †Zvgv‡`i we`ÔAvZ¸wji ga¨ †_‡K
me‡_‡K fv‡jv we`ÔAvZ, Z‡e Avwg G `yB we`ÔAv‡Zi GKwU wel‡qI Avcbvi Wv‡K mvov w`‡q Zv‡Z AskMÖnY ev
mn‡hvwMZv Kie bv| Ljxdv ej‡jb: †Kb Avcwb Avgvi K_v ivL‡eb bv? ¸`vBd e‡jb: KviY bex‡q AvKivg � e‡j‡Qb:
ÒhLbB †Kv‡bv m¤cÖ`vq †Kv‡bv we`ÔAv‡Zi D¢veb NUvq ZLbB †mB cwigvY mybœvZ Zv‡`i ga¨ †_‡K we`vq †bq; Kv‡RB
GKwU mybœvZ AuvK‡o a‡i _vKv GKwU we`ÔAvZ D¢veb Kivi †_‡K DËg|Ó 936
GLv‡b jYxq †h, †h `ywU welq ¸`vBd we`ÔAvZ e‡j‡Qb `ÕywU welqB kixqZ-m¤§Z| RygAvi Lyrev cÖ`v‡bi mgq
ivm~jyj­vn � `yÔAv Ki‡Zb e‡j nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K `yÔAvi mgq `y nvZ Zzjvi K_vI cÖgvwYZ| LyZ&ev PjvKvjxb mg‡q
e„wói Rb¨ `yÔAv Ki‡Z wZwb `ynvZ DwV‡q‡Qb e‡jI nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Kv‡RB, †h †Kv‡bv hyw³ Z‡K© Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi Lyrevi
mgq `yÔAv Kiv Rv‡qh, `yÔAvi mgq `yÕnvZ †ZvjvI Rv‡qh Ges Lyrev PjvKvjxb mg‡q mg‡eZfv‡e `yÕnvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv KivI
Rv‡qh| wKš‘ mvnvex G‡K we`ÔAvZ ej‡jb †Kb? KviY e„wói Rb¨ `yÔAv Qvov Lyrevi g‡a¨ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv `yÔAv‡Z wZwb `ynvZ
DVv‡Zb bv, eis kvnv`Z Av½y‡ji Bkviv K‡i `yÔAv Ki‡Zb| Avi wZwb ïay GKvB nvZ Zzj‡Zb ev Bkviv Ki‡Zb, mg‡eZfv‡e
Zv Ki‡Zb Ggb †Kv‡bv NUbv cvIqv hvq bv| ZvB wZwb ivm~jyj­vn � ÑGi mybœv‡Zi Dc‡iB _vK‡Z Pv‡”Qb| wZwb hZUzKz K‡i‡Qb
Zuvi GKwe›`y evB‡i †h‡Z Pv‡”Qb bv|
gyqvh Beby Rvevj (iv.) GKw`b e‡jb:
�ﺭﻴ�ﻐـ�ﺼﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹸﺓَﺃ�ﺭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ُل�ﺠ�ﺭﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹸﻕ�ﻓﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ
�ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻩﹶﺫﹸﺨْﺄ�ﻴ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻥﺁ�ﺭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ �ﺢﹶﺘﹾﻔ�ﻴ�ﻭ ُلﺎ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ �ﺭﹸﺜﹾﻜ�ﻴ ﺎﹰﻨﹶﺘ�ﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜِﺌﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺇ
�ﻡـ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻉ�ﺩـﹶﺘ�ﺒَﺃ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﻲ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤ ،�ﻥﺁ�ﺭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﺕْﺃ�ﺭﹶﻗ �ﺩﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﻨﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘ�ﻴ ﻻ ﹺﺱﺎﱠﻨﻠِﻟ ﺎ�ﻤ : َلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻥَﺃ ٌلِﺌﺎﹶﻗ �ﻙ�ﺸﻭ�ﻴﹶﻓ ،�ﺭ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺭﻴﹺﺒﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ
. ﹲﺔﹶﻟﻼ�ﻀ �ﻉ�ﺩﹸﺘ�ﺒﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ ! �ﻉ�ﺩﹸﺘ�ﺒﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎ�ﻴِﺈﹶﻓ ،�ﻩ�ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ
Ò†Zvgv‡`i mvg‡b A‡bK wdZbv Avm‡Q, hLb gvby‡li m¤ú` e„w× cv‡e Ges KziAvb wkvi c_ Ly‡j hv‡e| gywgbgybvwdK,
bvix-cyi“l, †QvU-eo, gwbe-PvKi mevB KziAvb wkL‡e| ZLb nqZ †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ej‡e : gvby‡li Kx n‡jv, Avwg
KziAvb wkv Kijvg A_P Zviv Avgvi AbymiY Ki‡Q bv? KziAvb Qvov †Kv‡bv bZzb gZ ev KvR D¢veb bv Ki‡j gvby‡liv
Avgvi AbymiY Ki‡e bv| (Avwg GZ Av‡jg njvg wKš‘ Avgvi mwVK g~j¨vqb n‡”Q bv, Avgvi f³e„‡›`i msL¨v evo‡Q bv|
Kv‡RB, gvby‡li g‡a¨ Avgvi mwVK g~j¨vq‡bi Dcvq n‡jv bZzb †Kv‡bv gZvgZ ev c×wZ D¢veb Kiv) Lei`vi! †Zvgiv
we`ÔAv‡Zi Kv‡QI hv‡e bv| wbtm‡›`‡n hv wKQy we`ÔAvZ ZvB c_åôZv|Ó 937
G nv`x‡mi Av‡jvPbvq Avj­vgv kvwZex D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, we`ÔAv‡Zi D‡Ïk¨B Avj­vni Bev`‡Z AvwaK¨ AR©b|
we`ÔAvZx Avj­vni Bev`‡Zi w`‡KB g~j `„wó wbe× K‡ib, Bev`‡Zi Rb¨ ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi c×wZi g‡a¨ mxgve× _vKv
Ri“ix g‡b K‡ib bv| GQvov gvbexq cÖK…wZ cyivZb I wbqwgZ K‡g© K¬vš— n‡q c‡o| bZzb wbqg c×wZi g‡a¨ AwZwi³
DÏxcbv I Kg©‡cÖiYv jvf Kiv hvq hv cyivZ‡bi g‡a¨ _v‡K bv| GRb¨ ejv nq ÔcÖ‡Z¨K bZz‡bi g‡a¨B gRvÕ| we`ÔAvZx‡`i
ZË¡ GB †h, gvby‡li g‡a¨ Aciva †e‡o †M‡j †hgb Aciva aiv I wePvi Kivi Rb¨ c×wZI †e‡o hvq, Abyiƒcfv‡e gvby‡li
g‡a¨ Bev`‡Z Ae‡njv cÖmvi jvf Ki‡j Zv‡`i Ae‡njv KvUv‡Z bZzb bZzb wbqg c×wZ D¢veb Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| gyÔAvh (iv)
G wel‡qB mveavb K‡i‡Qb| kvwZex e‡jb, GØviv eySv hvq †h, Bev`‡Zi evB‡i RvMwZK welqvw`i †‡Î bZzb D¢vebv
kixq‡Zi cwifvlvq we`ÔAvZ e‡j MY¨ bq| 938
6. 1. 5. we`ÔAv‡Zi DrcwË I µgweKvk
Dc‡ii nv`xm¸wj †_‡K Avgiv we`ÔAv‡Zi DrcwË I µgweKvk m¤ú‡K© aviYv jvf Ki‡Z cviwQ| Avgiv †`LwQ †h,
244

mvnvexMY wØZxq cÖR‡b¥i gymwjg‡`i‡K evisevi mybœv‡Zi Abymi‡Yi g‡a¨ mxgve× _vK‡Z Drmvn w`‡”Qb Ges we`ÔAvZ, D¢veb
ev mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg Ki‡Z wb‡la Ki‡Qb| mybœvZ c×wZ‡Z Aí Bev`Z we`ÔAvZ c×wZ‡Z †ewk Bev`‡Zi †P‡q DËg e‡j
Rvbv‡”Qb|
G†_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cviwQ †h, wØZxq cÖR‡b¥i gymwjg‡`i g‡a¨ `x‡bi wel‡q DÏxcbvi ga¨ w`‡q we`ÔAv‡Zi DrcwË
nq| mvnvex‡`i mvnPvh© ewÂZ Av‡eMx avwg©K gvby‡liv `xb cvj‡bi ev Abyave‡bi †‡Î mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg gZ, wek¦vm ev
K‡g©i g‡a¨ wbcwZZ n‡Z _v‡K| mvnvexMY G mKj e¨wZµg cÖwZ‡iv‡a m‡Pó wQ‡jb| GiciI µgvš^‡q we`ÔAvZ cÖmvi
jvf Ki‡Z _v‡K|
G mKj we`ÔAvZ `y fv‡M wef³: (1) AvKx`v ev wek¦v‡mi we`ÔAvZ ( ﺔـﻴﺩﻘﻌﻟﺍ ﺔـﻋﺩﺒﻟﺍ) Ges K‡g©i we`ÔAvZ ( ﺔـﻋﺩﺒﻟﺍ
ﺔـﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ)| Avgv‡`i Av‡jvPbv AvKx`vi we`ÔAv‡Zi g‡a¨ mxgve× ivLwQ, KviY BdwZivK g~jZ AvKx`vi we`ÔAvZ‡K †K›`ª K‡i|
Kg© welqK we`ÔAvZ m¤ú‡K© Avwg ÔGnBqDm mybvbÕ MÖ‡š’ we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ|
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, 30-35 wnRixi w`‡K Avãyj­vn Beby mvev I Zvi AbymvixMY bex-es‡ki fvjevmv
I fw³i bv‡g wewfbœ we`ÔAvZx AvKx`v cÖPjb K‡i, hv KziAv‡b, nv`x‡m ev mvnvex‡`i g‡a¨ we`¨gvb wQj bv| Zv‡`i G
mKj we`ÔAvZx wek¦v‡mi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:
(1) ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi c‡i Avjxi (iv) ivóªcÖavb ev Bgvg nIqvi welqwU Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji (�) my¯úó wb‡`©k
Ges Bmjvgx AvKx`vi †gŠwjK I Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask|
(2) Avjx (iv) I Zuvi es‡ki BgvgMY gvÕm~g ev wb®úvc|
(3) Avjx (iv) Zuvi g„Zz¨i c‡i Avevi wd‡i Avm‡eb|
(4) ivm~jyj­vn � Avjx (iv)-‡K we‡kl wKQz †Mvcb Bjg `vb K‡i‡Qb Ges Avjxi (iv) wbKU ¸ß Bj‡gi fvÊvi
i‡q‡Q|
(5) Avjx (iv)-Gi g‡a¨ Avj­vni we‡kl gZv, m¤úK© ev we‡klZ¡ i‡q‡Q ev wZwb AeZvi|
(7) mvnvexM‡Yi cÖwZ KzaviYv †cvlY Kiv, Zuv‡`i‡K ag©Pz¨Z ev gyiZv` g‡b Kiv I Zuv‡`i mKj‡K ev AwaKvsk‡K Mvwj
†`Iqv|
cÖ_g wnRix kZ‡Ki gvSvgvwS †_‡K G mKj we`ÔAv‡Zi DrcwË N‡U Ges µgvš^‡q Zv wKQz gvby‡li g‡a¨ cÖmvi jvf
Ki‡Z _v‡K| Avjx (iv) wb‡R G‡`i weåvwš— `~i Ki‡Z we‡klfv‡e m‡Pó wQ‡jb| hviv Zuvi Dj~wnq¨vZ ev ÔAvj­vni mv‡_
we‡kl m¤úK©Õ `vwe KiZ ev Zv‡K mvR`v KiZ Zv‡`i K‡Vvi n‡¯— `gb K‡ib| me©‡kl hviv Zvi K_v gvb‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡i
Zv‡`i K‡qKRb‡K g„Zz¨`Ê cÖ`vb K‡ib|
Avjx (iv)-Gi mgq †_‡K (35-40wn) LvwiRxM‡Yi we`ÔAvZx AvKx`vi D‡b¥l N‡U| Zv‡`i we`ÔAvZx AvKx`vi g‡a¨
i‡q‡Q:
(1) Kexiv †Mvbv‡n wjß gymwjg Kvwdi e‡j MY¨|
(2) cvcx ivóªcÖav‡bi BgvgZ A‰ea Ges Zvi wei“‡× wRnv` Kiv dih|
cÖ_g wnRixi †klfvM †_‡K Kv`vixqv‡`i we`ÔAv‡Zi D‡b¥l N‡U| Gmg‡q µgvš^‡q gyiwRqv, Rvevwiqv, gyZvwhjv
wewfbœ m¤cÖ`v‡qi AvKx`vMZ we`ÔAvZmg~n cÖKvk †c‡Z _v‡K| Avgiv G‡`i we`ÔAvZx AvKx`v¸wj wdiKvmg~‡ni
Av‡jvPbvi mgq D‡j­L Kie, Bbkv Avj­vn|
6. 1. 6. mybœvZ I we`ÔAvZ: Zzjbv I cv_©K¨
GLv‡b D‡j­L¨ †h, cÖ‡Z¨K we`ÔAvZx wdiKv wb‡R‡`i‡K Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji (�) cÖK…Z Abymvix Ges KziAvbmybœvni
mwVK AbyavebKvix e‡j `vwe K‡i‡Q| cÖ‡Z¨‡KB wb‡R‡`i‡K GKgvÎ bvRvZ-cÖvß wdiKv e‡j `vwe K‡i‡Q|
cÖ‡Z¨‡KB KziAvb I nv`xm †_‡K Zv‡`i g‡Zi c‡ A‡bK ÔAKvU¨ (!) `jxj cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q| G mKj `vwei h_v_©Zv eyS‡Z
n‡j mybœv‡Zi mwVK cwiPq eyS‡Z n‡e| Avgiv †`Le †h, K_vq I K‡g© KziAvb I mybœvni ev Inxi ûeû AbymiYB mybœvZ|
GLv‡b GKwU D`vniY †ck KiwQ mybœvZ I we`ÔAv‡Zi cv_©K¨ Abyave‡bi Rb¨|
mvnvexMY m¤ú‡K© kxqv AvKx`v I bvwmex AvKx`v
kxqM‡Yi GKwU we`ÔAvZx gZ GB †h, nv‡Z †Mvbv Aí K‡qKRb mvnvex Qvov Ave~ evKi (iv), Dgvi (iv), Dmgvb
(i) I Ab¨vb¨ mKj mvnvex (�) ag©Z¨vM K‡iwQ‡jb ev gyiZv` n‡q wM‡qwQ‡jb (bvDh~ wej­vn!)| Gi wecix‡Z ÔbvwmevnÕ
( ﺔﺒﺼ ﺎﻨﻟﺍ)
m¤cÖ`v‡qi we`ÔAvZx AvKx`v GB †h, Avjx (iv) mZ¨-wePz¨Z wQ‡jb, wZwb ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mv‡_ Zuvi AvZ¥xqZvi
m¤úK©‡K e¨envi K‡i gZv `Lj Ki‡Z †Póv K‡ib Ges wZwb gZvi †jv‡f nvRvi nvRvi gvby‡li i³cv‡Zi e¨e¯’v
K‡ib| Zvi mg‡qi mKj M„nh‡×i Rb¨ wZwb `vqx| (bvDh~ wej­vn!)
Giv K‡qKwU nv`xm‡K Zv‡`i g‡Zi c‡ AKvU¨ (!) `jxj wn‡m‡e †ck K‡ib| Beby AveŸvm (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn
� e‡j‡Qb:
ﻲﹺﺒﺎ�ﺤـ�ﺼَﺃ
ﻲﹺﺒﺎ�ﺤـ�ﺼَﺃ
ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺄـﹶﻓ ِلﺎ�ﻤﱢﺸﻟﺍ ﹶﺕﺍﹶﺫ �ﻡﹺﻬﹺﺒ ﹸﺫﹶﺨْﺅ�ﻴ ﻲﹺﺒﺎ�ﺤ�ﺼَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﺴﺎﹶﻨُﺃ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ �ﻡﻴ�ﻫﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒِﺇ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﻰ�ﺴﹾﻜ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻤ ُل�ﻭَﺃَ
245

�ﻡﹺﻬﻴ�ﻓ ﹸﺕ�ﻤ�ﺩ ﺎ�ﻤ ﺍ�ﺩﻴﹺﻬﹶﺸ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹸﺕﹾﻨﹸﻜ�ﻭ �ﺢِﻟﺎ�ﺼﻟﺍ �ﺩ�ﺒ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﺘﹾﻗ�ﺭﺎﹶﻓ ﹸﺫﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻡﹺﻬﹺﺒﺎﹶﻘ�ﻋَﺃ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥﻴ�ﺩﹶﺘ�ﺭ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺍ�ﺯ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻡ�ﻬﱠﻨِﺇ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴﹶﻓ
ﻡﻴ�ﻜ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺯﻴﹺﺯ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪِﻟ�ﻭﹶﻗ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﻲ�ﻨﹶﺘ�ﻴﱠﻓ�ﻭﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻠﹶﻓ
ÒwKqvg‡Zi w`b cÖ_g Kvco civ‡bv n‡e Beivnxg (Av)-‡K| Avgvi mvnvex‡`i wKQz gvbyl‡K a‡i ev‡g wb‡q hvIqv n‡e|
ZLb Avwg eje, Avgvi mvnvexMY! Avgvi mvnvexMY! ZLb wZwb ej‡eb: Avcwb G‡`i‡K †Q‡o P‡j Avmvi ci †_‡K Zviv
AweiZ wcwQ‡q †h‡ZB (ag©Z¨vM Ki‡ZB) †_‡K‡Q| ZLb Avwg Avj­vni †bK ev›`v (Bmv Av.) †h K_v K‡j‡Qb †m K_vB eie,
Avwg eje 939 : ÔAvwg hZw`b Zv‡`i g‡a¨ wQjvg ZZw`b Avwg Zv‡`i mvx wQjvg| hLb Avcwb Avgv‡K †diZ wb‡jb ZLb †_‡K
AvcwbB Zv‡`i ch©‡eK, Avi Avcwb †Zv me©-wel‡q mvx|Ó 940
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avãyj­vn Beby gvmE` (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn e‡jb:
246
ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩـﹶﺘ ﻻ �ﻙﱠﻨِﺇ ُلﺎﹶﻘ�ﻴﹶﻓ ﻲﹺﺒﺎ�ﺤ�ﺼَﺃ ﻲﹺﺒﺎ�ﺤ�ﺼَﺃ �ﺏ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﺒﹶﻠﹾﻏُﻷ �ﻡﹸﺜ ﺎ�ﻤﺍ�ﻭﹾﻗَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻋﹺﺯﺎﹶﻨُﻷ�ﻭ ﹺﺽ�ﻭ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﻁ�ﺭﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ
�ﻙ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﺜ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ
ÒAvwg nvD‡hi wbKU †Zvgv‡`i AMÖeZ©x _vKe| wKQz gvby‡li wel‡q Avwg weZK© K‡i †kl ch©š— civf~Z ne| ZLb Avwg
eje, †n Avgvi cÖwZcvjK, Avgvi mvnvexMY, Avgvi mvnvexMY! ZLb ejv n‡e: ÔAvcbvi c‡i Giv wK be-D¢veb ev cwieZ©b
K‡i‡Q Zv Avcwb Rv‡bb bv|Ó 941
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avbvm Beby gvwjK (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
ﺍﻭﹸﺜ�ﺩـ�ﺤَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻱﹺﺭ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﻻ ُلﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴﹶﻓ ﻲﹺﺒﺎ�ﺤ�ﺼَﺃ ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺄﹶﻓ ﻲ�ﻨﻭ�ﺩ ﺍﻭ�ﺠ�ﻠﹸﺘﹾﺨﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﺘﹾﻓ�ﺭ�ﻋ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﺽ�ﻭ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﻲﹺﺒﺎ�ﺤ�ﺼَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺱﺎﹶﻨ �ﻲﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﺩﹺﺭ �ﻴﹶﻟ
�ﻙ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ
ÒAvgvi mvnvexM‡Yi ga¨ †_‡K wKQz gvbyl nvD‡h Avgvi wbKU AvMgb Ki‡e| Avwg hLb Zv‡`i wPb‡Z cvie ZLb
Zv‡`i‡K Avgvi †_‡K wQwb‡q †bIqv n‡e| Avwg ZLb eje: Avgvi mvnvexMY! ZLb wZwb ej‡eb: ÔÔAvcbvi c‡i Giv wK
be-D¢veb ev cwieZ©b K‡i‡Q Zv Avcwb Rv‡bb bv|Ó 942
Dfq m¤cÖ`vq `vwe K‡i †h, G mKj nv`xm Zv‡`i g‡Zi AKvU¨ (!) `wjj| bvwmex‡`i g‡Z G mKj nv`xm Avjx (iv) I
Zuvi Abymvix‡`i wel‡q ejv n‡q‡Q| Avi kxqvMY `vwe K‡ib †h, G¸wj Avjx (iv) I Zuvi GKvš— m½x KwZcq mvnvex ev‡` mKj
mvnvexi wel‡q ejv n‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i g‡Z G mKj nv`xm cÖgvY K‡i, †h ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi c‡i Avjx (iv)-‡K gZv cÖ`vb bv K‡i
mKj mvnvex gyiZv` n‡q hvb (bvEhy wej­vn!)
Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q Avgiv mvnvexM‡Yi wel‡q KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wb‡`©kbv Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h,
(1) KziAv‡b A‡bK ¯’v‡b mvnvexM‡Yi cÖksmv I Zuv‡`i avwg©KZvi K_v †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| K‡qK ¯’v‡b ¯úóZ Zv‡`i
Rvbœv‡Zi mymsev` cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
(2) we‡kl K‡i cÖ_g AMÖeZ©x gynvwRi I AvbmviM‡Yi Rb¨ gnvb Avj­vn RvbœvZ cÖ¯‘Z †i‡L‡Qb e‡j †NvlYv Kiv
n‡q‡Q| wbôvi mv‡_ Zuv‡`i AbymiY KivB Ab¨‡`i Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Zi c_ e‡j Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
(3) evBqvZzi wi`Iqvb I Zve~K hy‡× AskMÖnYKvix‡`i Rvbœv‡Zi wel‡q my¯úó mymsev` cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
(4) AMwYZ nv`x‡m mvnvexM‡Yi gh©v`v eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Rvbœv‡Zi mymsev` cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
(5) KziAv‡b ¯úóZ D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, g`xbvi mgv‡R wKQz gybvwdK evm KiZ, Zviv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mvnvexM‡Yi
g‡a¨B wg‡k _vKZ Ges evn¨Z Zuv‡`i Aš—f©y³ wQj| Giv msL¨vq Aí wQj| G‡`i AwaKvskB ZveyK hy‡× Ask MÖnY K‡i wb|
G‡`i wel‡q KziAv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q:
ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﺘ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺒﱢﺫ�ﻌﹸﻨ�ﺴ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﺤﹶﻨ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌﹶﺘ ﻻ �ﻕﺎﹶﻔﱢﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﻭ�ﺩ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﺔﹶﻨﻴ�ﺩ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ِل�ﻫَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻥﻭﹸﻘ�ﻓﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤ ﹺﺏﺍ�ﺭ�ﻋَﻷﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ�ﺤ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ﹴﻡﻴ�ﻅ�ﻋ ﹴﺏﺍﹶﺫ�ﻋ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩ�ﺭ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﺜ
Ògi“evmx‡`i g‡a¨ hviv †Zvgv‡`i Av‡k-cv‡k Av‡Q Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †KD †KD gybvwdK Ges g`xbevmx‡`i g‡a¨I †KD
†KD, Zviv KcUZvq wm×| Zzwg Zv‡`i‡K Rvb bv, Avwg Zv‡`i‡K Rvwb| Avwg Zv‡`i‡K `yevi kvw¯— w`e I c‡i Zviv
cÖZ¨vewZ©Z n‡e gnv-kvw¯—i w`‡K|Ó 943
(6) G K_v HwZnvwmK mZ¨ †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Idv‡Zi c‡i Zuvi Kv‡Q BmjvgMÖnYKvix wKQz gvbyl I Avi‡ei

Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK gvbyl Bmjvg cwiZ¨vM K‡i| †KD fÊbex‡`i Abymvix n‡q hvq Ges †KD hvKvZ A¯^xKvi K‡i|
G mKj ب_©nxb AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi wecix‡Z ب_©‡evaK K‡qKwU nv`xm‡K Zviv Zv‡`i g‡Zi `wjj wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Q|
G mKj nv`x‡m †Kv‡bv mvnvexi bvg D‡j­L Kiv nq wb, AwaKvsk mvnvexi K_vI ejv nq wb, eis ejv n‡q‡Q †h, mvnvex e‡j
cwiwPZ KwZcq gvbyl| kxqvMY I bvwmexMY G mKj nv`x‡mi kvwãK e³e¨‡K MÖnY K‡i Zvi g‡a¨ wb‡R‡`i AvKx`v mxgve×
iv‡L wb| G nv`xm‡K Zv‡`i g‡Zi ÔevnbÕ wn‡m‡e e¨envi K‡i‡Q| Zviv wb‡R‡`i gwR©, cQ›` I Awfi“wP gZ GKwU gZ ev
AvKx`v D¢veb K‡i‡Q hv Zviv †hfv‡e e‡j †mfv‡e KL‡bvB KziAvb Kvix‡g ev nv`x‡m cvIqv hvq bv| GLv‡bB we`ÔAvZ I
mybœv‡Zi cv_©K¨|
KziAvb-mybœvn wb‡`©wkZ AvKx`v: mKj mvnvexi gh©v`v, g°v weR‡qi c~‡e© Bmjvg MÖnYKvix‡`i we‡kl gh©v`v, Zve~Khy‡×
AskMÖnYKvix‡`i we‡kl gh©v`v, evBqv‡Z wi`Iqv‡b AskMÖnYKvix‡`i we‡kl gh©v`v Ges m‡e©vcwi cÖ_g AMÖeZ©x gynvwRi I
Avbmvi‡`i m‡e©v”P gh©v`v| Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ Rvbœv‡Zi mymsev` cÖvß `k mvnvexi we‡kl gh©v`v| cvkvcvwk G wek¦vm †h, mvnvex
bvgavix ev mvnvex e‡j cwiwPZ wKQz gvbyl ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Av`k© ev c_ †_‡K wePz¨Z nIqvi Kvi‡Y mvnvexi gh©v`v †_‡K ewÂZ
nb| Zuviv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mgKvjxb g`xbvi ev Av‡kcv‡k Ae¯’vbiZ gybvwdKMY, hv‡`i K_v Avj­vn KziAv‡b e‡j‡Qb, A_ev
Zuvi Idv‡Zi c‡i fÊ bex‡`i Kvi‡Y ev hvKvZ A¯^xKvi Kivi Kvi‡Y hviv Bmjvg †_‡K wePz¨Z nb|
we`ÔAvZx AvKx`v: cÖvq mKj mvnvexB myc_ †_‡K wePz¨Z nb (bvDh~ wej­vn!) †KejgvÎ K‡qKRb myc‡_ wQ‡jb|
Zvu‡`i gh©v`vi gvcKvwV Avjx (iv) Bgvg‡Zi c‡ K_v ejv|
wØZxq we`ÔAvZx AvKx`v: Avjx (iv) I Zuvi mv_x mvnvexMY myc_ †_‡K wePz¨Z wQ‡jb|
Dfq m¤cÖ`vqB G wel‡q Dc‡ii nv`xm¸wji gZ Av‡iv A‡bK mvaviY A_©‡evaK AvqvZ ev nv`xm cÖgvY wn‡m‡e †ck
K‡ib Ges Gi wecix‡Z mvnvexM‡Yi gh©v`v welqK mKj AvqvZ I nv`xm‡K wewfbœfv‡e e¨vL¨v K‡i evwZj K‡i †`b|
GLv‡b Avgiv mybœvZcš’x I we`ÔAvZcš’x‡`i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ eyS‡Z cviwQ| mybœvZcš’xMY KziAvb Kvixg I nv`xm kix‡d
ewY©Z mKj welq mgvbfv‡e MÖnY I wek¦vm K‡ib| †Kv‡bviƒc ˆecixZ¨ mÜvb K‡ib bv| evwn¨K †Kv‡bv ˆecixZ¨ †`Lv †M‡j
Zv KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡KB mgvavb K‡ib|
GLv‡b KziAv‡bi A‡bK Avqv‡Z mvnvexM‡Yi gh©v`v cÖgvwYZ| Gi wecix‡Z KziAv‡bi GKwU Avqv‡ZI mvnvexM‡Yi
wePz¨wZi wel‡q wKQz ejv nq wb| AMwYZ nv`x‡m mvaviYfv‡e Ges bvg D‡j­L K‡i mvnvexM‡Yi gh©v`v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| G¸wji
wecix‡Z †Kv‡bv GKwU nv`x‡mI mvnvexM‡Yi Agh©v`v ev wePz¨wZi K_v ejv nq wb| GLv‡b K‡qKwU nv`x‡m D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q
†h, wKqvg‡Zi w`b mvnvex wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ KwZcq e¨w³‡K nvDh †_‡K mwi‡q †bIqv n‡e Ges Zv‡`i wel‡q ejv n‡e †h,
Giv Avcbvi c‡i cðv`cmiY K‡iwQj ev be-D¢veb K‡iwQj|
g~jZ G¸wji g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv ˆecixZ¨ †bB| Avi †Kv‡bv ˆecixZ¨ _vK‡j ZvI mybœv‡Zi Av‡jv‡K mgvavb Ki‡Z n‡e|
KziAv‡bi wb‡`©kbv, gyZvIqvwZi nv`x‡mi wb‡`©kbv AMÖeZ©x _vK‡e| GQvov A¯úó ev ب_©‡evaK AvqvZ ev nv`x‡mi Kvi‡Y my¯úó,
ب_©nxb, mywbw`©ó bvg ev ˆewkó¨mn gh©v`v cÖKvkK nv`xm¸wj e¨vL¨v Kiv hv‡e bv| eis cÖ‡qvR‡b A¯úó ev ب_©‡evaK AvqvZ ev
nv`xm‡K my¯úó AvqvZ ev nv`x‡mi wecix‡Z e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kv‡bv Zvdmxi, e¨vL¨v ev e¨w³MZ gZvgZ‡K Inxi wecix‡Z
`uvo Kiv‡bv hvq bv ev Giƒc wKQzi wfwˇZ Inxi my¯úó wb‡`©k e¨vL¨v Kiv hvq bv| †KD Gi wecixZ Ki‡j eyS‡Z n‡e †h, †m
wb‡Ri gZ‡K Inxi Abymvix I AbyMvgx Ki‡Z ivwh bq, eis †m Inx‡K Zvi g‡Zi AbyMvgx I Abymvix evb‡Z B”QzK| cieZ©x
wewfbœ Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv †`Le †h, mKj we`ÔAvZx AvKx`v I mybœx AvKx`v GKBiƒc|
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv mybœvZ I we`ÔAv‡Zi cv_©K¨ eyS‡Z cvwi| mybœvZ n‡jv Inxi ev KziAvb-nv`x‡mi ûeû
AbymiY| ivm~jyj­vn � hv hZUzK †hfv‡e e‡j‡Qb Zv ZZUzKz †mfv‡eB ejv Ges hv e‡jb wb Zv ejv bv ejv| KziAvb I nv`x‡mi
e³‡e¨i g‡a¨ Cgvb-AvKx`v mxgve× ivLv| KziAvb ev nv`x‡mi mv‡_ wb‡R‡`i e¨vL¨v, gZvgZ ev hyw³ †hvM K‡i Zv AvKx`vi
Ask bv evbvb| KziAvb I nv`x‡mi mKj K_v mgvbfv‡e wek¦vm Kiv| †Kv‡bv K_v MÖnY I evwK K_v evwZj bv Kiv| e¨vL¨v K‡i
†Kv‡bv Inx evwZj bv Kiv, eis e¨vL¨v K‡i mKj Inx MÖnY Kiv|
cvš—‡i we`ÔAvZ A_© Inxi mv‡_ †Kv‡bv wKQz ms‡hvRb, we‡qvRb ev e¨wZµg K‡i Zv wek¦vm ev AvKx`vi As‡k cwiYZ
Kiv| †h wel‡q ivm~jyj­vn � wKQz e‡jb wb Zv ejv, A_ev e¨vL¨v ev mgš^‡qi bv‡g Inxi AwZwi³ wKQz AvKx`vi g‡a¨ ms‡hvRb
Kiv A_ev Inxi wKQz Ask e¨vL¨vi bv‡g ev` †`Iqv| we`ÔAvZcš’xMY mybœv‡Zi AbymiY `vwe K‡ib| wKš‘ Zv‡`i AvKx`v ev
wek¦vm¸wj ûeû mybœv‡Zi g‡a¨ †bB| eis Zv‡`i AvKx`v ev wek¦vm mybœv‡Zi e¨vL¨vi bv‡g mybœv‡Zi mv‡_ wKQz ms‡hvRb ev we‡qvRb|
6. 2. BdwZivK I BLwZjvd
BdwZivK ev gymwjg D¤§vni AvKx`vMZ wefvRb Bmjvgx AvKx`vi Ab¨Zg welq| mybœvZ †_‡K wePz¨wZ I we`ÔAv‡Zi
D¢vebB BdwZiv‡Ki g~j KviY| BdwZivK ev wefw³ I wdiKvmg~‡ni cÖK…wZ bv eyS‡j Bmjv‡gi weï× wek¦vm Ges Avnjym
mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi AvKx`v ü`q½g Kiv KóKi|
6. 2. 1. BdwZivK
BdwZivK ( ﻕﺍﺭـﺘﻓﻻﺍ) kãwU Aviex ÔdviKÕ, ÔdvivKvÕ ( ﻕﺭـﻓ) kã †_‡K M„nxZ| Gi A_© cv_©K¨ Kiv, wef³ Kiv,
247

wew”Qb Kiv BZ¨vw`| BdwZivK (ﻕﺍﺭﺘﻓﻻﺍ) A_© wew”Qbœ nIqv, `jv`wj Kiv, wef³ nIqv BZ¨vw`| wdi&Kv (ﺔﻗﺭﻔﻟﺍ) A_© `j,
msMVb|
Bd&wZivK (ﻕﺍﺭﺘﻓﻻﺍ) kãwU ÔBRwZgvÕ (ﻉﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ) kãwUi wecixZ| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
248
ﺍﻭﹸﻗ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻌﻴ�ﻤ�ﺠ
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِل�ﺒ�ﺤﹺﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﻤ�ﺼﹶﺘ�ﻋﺍ�ﻭ
Ò†Zvgiv Avj­vni i¾y `„pfv‡e aviY Ki mg‡eZfv‡e, Ges ci¯^ci wew”Qbœ n‡qv bv|Ó 944
GLv‡b Avj­vn RvgvÔAvZ ( ﺔـﻋﺎﻤﺠﻟﺍ) ev BRwZgv ( ﻉﺎـﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ)-Gi wecix‡Z ÔBdwZivKÕ I ÔZvdvi&i“KÕ D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb|
BRwZgv A_© HK¨e× nIqv, Awef³ nIqv, `jwenxb nIqv BZ¨vw`|
6. 2. 2. BdwZivK ebvg BLwZjvd
BdwZiv‡Ki wbKUeZ©x Av‡iKwU kã ÔBLwZjvdÕ| BdwZivK A_© wew”Qbœ nIqv ev `‡j `‡j wef³ nIqv| Avi
BLwZjvd A_© gZ‡f` Kiv| BdwZivK I BLwZjvd-Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ my¯úó| gZ‡f` ev gZwe‡ivwaZv mvaviYfv‡e
wew”QbœZv ev `jv`wj bq| gZ‡f`Kvix e¨w³MY hLb wb‡Ri gZ‡KB GKgvÎ Ôn°Õ I Ab¨gZ‡K evwZj g‡b K‡ib Ges
Ab¨g‡Zi Abymvix‡`i ÔAb¨`jÕ g‡b K‡ib ZLbB Zv BdwZivK ev Ôwew”QbœZvÕ-q cwiYZ nq|
ÔBLwZjvdÕ I ÔBdwZivKÕ-Gi cv_¨‡K©i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:
(1) BdwZivK ev wdiKvevwR BLwZjvd ev gZ‡f‡`i P~ovš— I wb›`bxq ch©vq|
(2) mKj BdwZivKB (`jv`wj) BLwZjvd (gZ‡f`), Z‡e mKj BLwZjvd (gZ‡f`) BdwZivK (`jv`wj) bq|
BLwZjvd Qvov BdwZiv‡Ki Aw¯—Z¡ †bB Z‡e BdwZivK QvovI BLwZjvd _vK‡Z cv‡i| GRb¨ BdwZivK‡K BLwZjvd ejv
hvq, Z‡e BLwZjvd‡K BdwZivK ejv hvq bv|
(2) BLwZjvd me©`v BdwZivK ev `jv`wj m„wó K‡i bv| mvnvexM‡Yi hyM †_‡K gymwjg D¤§vi Bgvg I Avwjg‡`i
g‡a¨ ÔgZ‡f`Õ ev BLwZjvd wQj, wKš‘ AwaKvsk †‡Î Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ `jv`wj-wew”QbœZv ev BdwZivK wQj bv|
(3) kixq‡Zi `w„ó‡Z BLwZjvd ev gZ‡f` wbwl×, wb›`bxq ev AvcwËKi bq, eis A‡bK mgq Zv cÖk¯—Zv m„wó K‡i|
cvš—‡i BdwZivK ev `jv`wj I wew”QbœZv mKj †‡ÎB wbwl× I wb›`bxq|
(4) BLwZjvdKvix Avwjg wbw›`Z bq, eis wZwb BLjvm I BRwZnv‡`i wfwˇZ cÖkswmZ I cyi¯‹vi-cÖvß| gyRZvwn` fyj
Ki‡j GKwU cyi¯‹vi I mwVK wm×v‡š— †cuŠQv‡j `ywU cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib|
(5) BLwZjv‡di wfwË AwaKvsk †‡Î Bjg ev Ávb I `wjj| Avi BdwZiv‡Ki wfwË me©`vB e¨w³MZ cQ›` ev cÖe„wËi
AbymiY, wR` I BLjv‡mi Abycw¯’wZ| BLwZjv‡di †‡Î AvwjgMY cÖ‡Z¨‡K wb‡Ri gZ‡K mwVK, AwaKZi ï× e‡j g‡b
Ki‡jI Ab¨ gZwU‡K weåvwš— I Ab¨g‡Zi Avwjg‡K Ôweåvš—Õ e‡j g‡b K‡ib bv, eis Zvi `wjj‡K `ye©j e‡j MY¨ K‡ib| cvš—
‡i BdwZiv‡Ki †‡Î cÖ‡Z¨K Avwjg wb‡Ri gZ‡K GKgvÎ mZ¨ Ges Ab¨ gZ‡K weåvwš— e‡j MY¨ K‡ib|
(6) Bjg, BLjvm, Bmjvgx åvZ…Z‡eva I fvjevmvi mv‡_ BLwZjvd _vK‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ G¸wji mv‡_ ÔBdwZivKÕ
_vK‡Z cv‡i bv| †KejgvÎ G¸wji Abycw¯’wZ‡ZB BdwZivK Rb¥ †bq|
(7) BLwZjvd A‡bK †‡ÎB ingZ, cvš—‡i BdwZivK mKj †‡ÎB Avhve I aŸsm|
6. 3. KziAvb-mybœvni Av‡jv‡K BdwZivK
6. 3. 1. c~e©eZ©x D¤§vZ‡`i g‡a¨ BdwZivK
KziAvb Kvixg I nv`xm kixd †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, hy‡M hy‡M Avmgvbx †n`vqvZ cÖvß wewfbœ RvwZ I
m¤cÖ`v‡qi g‡a¨ wewfbœ Kvi‡Y `jv`wj I wefw³ †`Lv w`‡q‡Q| nv`xm kix‡d ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨I wefw³ I
`jv`wj †`Lv †`‡e e‡j Rvwb‡q‡Qb| G mKj AvqvZ I nv`xm †_‡K Rvbv hvq †h, wefw³ I `jv`wji g~j KviY wQj Inxi
wkvi e¨wZµg Kiv ev Inxi wKQz wkv fy‡j hvIqv, e¨w³MZ we‡Øl, wnsmv BZ¨vw`i ekeZ©x nIqv, e¨w³MZ cQ›`
AcQ‡›`i Dci wbf©i Kiv, AwZfw³, c~e©eZ©x ¸i“‡`i AÜfw³ I AbyKiY BZ¨vw`|
Bn~`x-L„÷vb‡`i wefw³ I `jv`wj m¤ú‡K© gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺀﺎ�ﻀﹾﻐ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹶﺓ�ﻭﺍ�ﺩ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺭﹾﻏَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﱢﻜﹸﺫ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻅ�ﺤ ﺍﻭ�ﺴﹶﻨﹶﻓ
�ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻗﺎﹶﺜﻴ�ﻤ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﺫﹶﺨَﺃ ﻯ�ﺭﺎ�ﺼﹶﻨ ﺎﱠﻨِﺇ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻭ�ﻌﹶﻨ�ﺼ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻬُﺌ�ﺒﹶﻨ�ﻴ ﹶﻑ�ﻭ�ﺴ�ﻭ
Òhviv e‡j ÔAvgiv L„÷vbÕ Zv‡`iI A½xKvi MÖnY K‡iwQjvg; wKš‘ Zv‡`i‡K hv wkv †`Iqv n‡qwQj Zvi GK Ask
Zvi fy‡j wM‡q‡Q| myZivs Avwg wKqvgZ ch©š— Zv‡`i g‡a¨ kΓZv I we‡Øl RvMiƒK †i‡LwQ| Zviv hv KiZ Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K
Zv Rvwb‡q w`‡eb|Ó 945
G Avqv‡Z Avgiv †`LwQ †h, L„÷vb‡`i wefw³i g~j KviY wQj Zv‡`i‡K hv wkv †`Iqv n‡qwQj ev Zv‡`i Dci

vwhjK…Z Inxi wKQz Ask fy‡j hvIqv| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Zv‡`i G fy‡j hvIqvi cÖK…wZ wQj wewfbœ| Zviv Avj­vni wKZve mvaviY
gvbyl‡`i co‡Z w`Z bv, A‡bK Ae‡njv I Ah‡š— wKZv‡ei A‡bK Ask nvwi‡q †d‡j, A‡bK wKQz cwieZ©b K‡i Ges gbMov K_v
iPbv K‡i Zv w`‡q g~j wKZv‡ei wkv fywj‡q †`q|
Ab¨vb¨ AvqvZ †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, ag©xq åvZ…‡Z¡i Afve, gZ‡f`‡K kΓZvi ch©v‡q wb‡q hvIqv, wb‡Ri
gZ‡K P~ovš— mZ¨ g‡b K‡i cwiZ…ß I Avbw›`Z nIqv BZ¨vw` wQj c~e©eZ©x D¤§vZ‡`i BdwZiv‡Ki KviY I cÖKvk| GK
Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻫَﺄﹶﻔﹾﻁَﺃ ﹺﺏ�ﺭ�ﺤﹾﻠِﻟ ﺍ�ﺭﺎﹶﻨ ﺍﻭ�ﺩﹶﻗ�ﻭَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻠﹸﻜ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺀﺎ�ﻀﹾﻐ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹶﺓ�ﻭﺍ�ﺩ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ
�ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﻘﹾﻟَﺃ�ﻭ
ÒZv‡`i g‡a¨ Avwg wKqvgZ ch©š— ¯’vqx kΓZv I we‡Øl mÂvi K‡i w`‡qwQ| hZevi Zviv hy‡×i AwMœ cÖ¾¡wjZ K‡i
ZZevi Avj­vn Zv wbe©vwcZ K‡ib|Ó 946
KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi ejv n‡q‡Q †h, BdwZivK I `jv`wji KviY AÁZv wQj bv, eis Ávb Avmvi c‡iI wR`, wnsmv,
J×Z¨, wbR gZ cwiZ¨vM‡K Acgvb e‡j MY¨ Kiv Ges m‡e©vcwi BLjvm I ZvKIqvi Abycw¯’wZB wQj BdwZivK ev `jv`wji
KviY| gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
249
�ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻴﹾﻐ�ﺒ �ﻡﹾﻠ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ
ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ ﺍﻭﹸﻗ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒZv‡`i wbKU Ávb Avmvi ci †KejgvÎ cvi¯úwiK we‡ØlekZ Zviv wbR‡`i g‡a¨ we‡f`-`jv`wj K‡i|Ó 947
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭ�ﺤﹺﺭﹶﻓ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴ�ﺩﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ ﹴﺏ�ﺯ�ﺤ ﱡلﹸﻜ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒ�ﺯ �ﻡ�ﻬ ﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ
�ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﱠﻁﹶﻘﹶﺘﹶﻓ ﹺﻥﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﺎﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺒ�ﺭ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ ﹰﺓ�ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭ ﹰﺔ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜﹸﺘ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻩ�ﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ
ÒGes †Zvgv‡`i G RvwZ GKB RvwZ Ges AvwgB †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK; AZGe Avgv‡K fq Ki| wKš‘ Zviv wbR‡`i
g‡a¨ Zv‡`i `xb‡K eûav wef³ K‡i‡Q, cÖ‡Z¨K `jB Zv‡`i wbKU hv Av‡Q Zv wb‡q Avbw›`Z|Ó 948
Avnjy wKZv‡ei weåvwš—i Ab¨Zg KviY AwZfw³i Kvi‡Y Inxi AwZwi³ gZvgZ D¢veb| G wel‡q Ab¨Î gnvb
Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪـﹸﺘ�ﻤ�ﻠﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻡ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﺒﺍ ﻰ�ﺴﻴ�ﻋ �ﺢﻴ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ ﱠﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻨﻴ�ﺩ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﻭﹸﻠﹾﻐﹶﺘ ﻻ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ َل�ﻫَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ
ﹲﺔﹶﺜﻼﹶﺜ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤَﺂﹶﻓ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﺡﻭ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻴ�ﺭ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ
ﺎ�ﻫﺎﹶﻘﹾﻟَﺃ
Ò†n wKZvexMY, `x‡bi e¨vcv‡i evovevwo K‡iv bv Ges Avj­vn& m¤^‡Ü mZ¨ e¨ZxZ e‡jv bv| gwiqg Zbq Cmv gvmxn
Avj­vni ivm~j, Ges Zuvi evYx, hv wZwb gwiq‡gi wbKU †cÖiY K‡iwQ‡jb Ges Zuvi †_‡K (AvMZ) AvZ¥v (Av‡`k)| myZivs
†Zvgiv Avj­vn I Zuvi ivm~‡j Dci Cgvb Avb Ges ewjI bv ÔwZbÕ...| 949
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, L„÷vbMY Inxi kã¸wji AwZfw³g~jK e¨vL¨v K‡i Giƒc e¨vL¨vi Dci AvKx`v ev ag©wek¦v‡mi
wfwË ¯’vcb K‡i| L„÷a‡g©i BwZnv‡mi mv‡_ cwiwPZ mK‡jB Rv‡bb †h, Cmv (Av) †Kw›`ªK evovevwoB Zv‡`i ga¨Kvi mKj
`jv`wj I wdiKvevwRi g~j welq wQj| wÎZ¡ev` bvgK gbMov gZev` Ges Cmv (Av)-Gi cÖK…wZ e¨vL¨v wb‡qB Zv‡`i hZ
wdiKvevwR|
wek¦v‡mi g‡a¨ Inxi mv‡_ e¨vL¨vi bv‡g gvbexq gZvgZ, `k©b BZ¨vw` †hvM K‡i Zv‡K a‡g© ev ag©wek¦v‡m cwiYZ Kiv‡K
KziAvb Kvix‡g ÔnvIqvÕ ev cÖe„wËi AbymiY e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Bn~`x-L„÷vbM‡Yi weåvwš— I wefw³i Av‡iKwU w`K wQj
KwZcq ÔcwʇZiÕ cÖwZ cieZ©x‡`i AÜ fw³ I Zv‡`i gbMov gZvg‡Zi AÜ AbyKiY| Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻥ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﱡﻠ�ﻀ�ﻭ ﺍ�ﺭﻴ�ﺜﹶﻜ ﺍﻭﱡﻠ�ﻀَﺃ�ﻭ ُل�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﱡﻠ�ﻀ �ﺩﹶﻗ ﹴﻡ�ﻭﹶﻗ �ﺀﺍ�ﻭ�ﻫَﺃ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﺭ�ﻴﹶﻏ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻨﻴ�ﺩ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﻭﹸﻠﹾﻐﹶﺘ ﻻ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ َل�ﻫَﺃ ﺎ�ﻴ ْلﹸﻗ
ِلﻴﹺﺒ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﺀﺍ�ﻭ�ﺴ
Òej, †n wKZvexMY, †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i `x‡bi wel‡q evovevwo K‡iv bv Ges †h m¤cÖ`vq B‡Zvc~‡e© c_åó n‡q‡Q I
A‡bK‡K c_åó K‡i‡Q Ges mij c_ †_‡K wePz¨Z n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i ÔnvIqvÕ A_©vr cÖe„wË, gbMov gZ ev †Lqvj-Lywki AbymiY K‡iv
bv|Ó 950
6. 3. 2. gymwjg D¤§vni BdwZivK
KziAvb Kvix‡g gnvb Avj­vn evisevi G D¤§vZ‡K wew”QbœZv I `jv`wj †_‡K wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| hviv ag©‡K wef³ K‡i

Zv‡`i wb›`v K‡i‡Qb Ges Zv‡`i mv‡_ ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi m¤úK© _vK‡e bv e‡j D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| G welqK GKwU AvqvZ G
Aa¨v‡qi ïi“‡Z Avgiv †`‡LwQ| †h Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb: Ò†Zvgiv Avj­vni i¾y `„pfv‡e aviY Ki mg‡eZfv‡e,
Ges ci¯^ci wew”Qbœ n‡qv bv ev `jv`wj K‡iv bv|Ó Ab¨ Avqv‡Z gnvb Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻡﻴ�ﻅ�ﻋ �ﺏﺍﹶﺫ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺃ�ﻭ ﹸﺕﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺀﺎ�ﺠ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﻔﹶﻠﹶﺘﹾﺨﺍ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﻗ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﺘ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺎﹶﻜ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﻭﹸﻜﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ
Ò†Zvgiv Zv‡`i gZ n‡qv bv, hviv Zv‡`i wbKU ¯úó wb`k©b Avmvi c‡i wew”Qbœ n‡q‡Q Ges gZ‡f` K‡i‡Q, G‡`i Rb¨
i‡q‡Q gnv kvw¯—|Ó 951
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡jb:
ﻻ ﹺﺱﺎـﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺭﹶﺜﹾﻜَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻴﹶﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﺩﻟﺍ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻕﹾﻠﹶﺨِﻟ َلﻴ�ﺩ�ﺒﹶﺘ ﻻ ﺎ�ﻬ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﺭﹶﻁﹶﻓ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹶﺓ�ﺭﹾﻁ�ﻓ ﺎﹰﻔﻴ�ﻨ�ﺤ ﹺﻥﻴ�ﺩﻠِﻟ �ﻙ�ﻬ�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻗَﺄﹶﻓ
ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ ﹴﺏ�ﺯ�ﺤ ﱡلﹸﻜ ﺎ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﺸ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨﻴ�ﺩ ﺍﻭﹸﻗ�ﺭﹶﻓ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﻜﹺﺭﹾﺸ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﻭﹸﻜﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹶﺓﻼ�ﺼﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻤﻴ�ﻗَﺃ�ﻭ
�ﻩﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻥﻴﹺﺒﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻤﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ
�ﻥﻭ�ﺤﹺﺭﹶﻓ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻴ�ﺩﹶﻟ
ÒZzwg GKwbô n‡q wbR‡K `x‡b cÖwZwôZ Ki| Avj­vni cÖK…wZi AbymiY Ki, †h cÖK…wZ Abyhvqx wZwb gvbyl m„wó K‡i‡Qb|
Avj­vni m„wói †Kv‡bv cwieZ©b †bB| GB mij `xb| wKš‘ AwaKvsk gvbyl Rv‡b bv| weï×wP‡Ë Zvi AwfgyLx n‡q Zv‡K fq Ki,
mvjvZ Kv‡qg Ki Ges Aš—f©y³ n‡qv bv gykwiK‡`i, hviv wb‡R‡`i `x‡b gZ‡f` m„wó K‡i‡Q Ges wewfbœ `‡j wef³ n‡q‡Q|
cÖ‡Z¨K `jB wbR wbR gZev` wb‡q Drdzj­|Ó 952
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avj­vn e‡jb:
250
�ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌﹾﻔ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻬُﺌ�ﺒﹶﻨ�ﻴ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭ�ﻤَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﹶﺕ�ﺴﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﺸ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻨﻴ�ﺩ ﺍﻭﹸﻗ�ﺭﹶﻓ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻥِﺇ
Òhviv `xb m¤^‡Ü bvbv g‡Zi m„wó K‡i‡Q Ges wewfbœ `‡j wef³ n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv `vwqZ¡ †Zvgvi bq; Zv‡`i welq
Avj­vni BLwZqvify³| Avj­vn Zv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i K…ZKg© m¤^‡Ü AewnZ Ki‡eb|Ó 953
gnvb Avj­vn Av‡iv e‡jb:
�ﻥﻭﹸﻘﱠﺘﹶﺘ �ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻠ�ﻌﹶﻟ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜﺎ�ﺼ�ﻭ �ﻡﹸﻜِﻟﹶﺫ �ﻪ�ﻠﻴﹺﺒ�ﺴ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﻜﹺﺒ ﹶﻕ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﺘﹶﻓ َل�ﺒ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘﹶﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ
�ﻩﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘﺎﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻤﻴ�ﻘﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻁﺍ�ﺭ�ﺼ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥَﺃ�ﻭ
ÒGes G c_B Avgvi mij c_, myZivs GiB AbymiY Ki Ges Ab¨vb¨ c_ AbymiY K‡iv bv, Ki‡j †m¸wj †Zvgv‡`i‡K Zuvi c_
n‡Z wew”Qbœ Ki‡e| Gfv‡e Avj­vn †Zvgv‡`i‡K wb‡`©k w`‡jb, †hb †Zvgiv mveavb nI|Ó 954
wewfbœ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, †hfv‡e c~e©eZ©x D¤§vZ¸wji g‡a¨ wefw³ G‡mwQj wVK †mfv‡eB Zuvi
D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨I wefw³ I `jv`wj cÖ‡ek Ki‡e| ÔhvZz AvbIqvZÕ e„ welqK nv`xmwU Avgiv ÔZvevi&i“K welqK wki‡Ki
Aby‡”Q‡` D‡j­L K‡iwQ| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, G nv`x‡m Òivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb: Òhuvi nv‡Z Avgvi Rxeb Zuvi Kmg, †Zvgiv
†Zvgv‡`i c~e©eZx©‡`i mybœvZ AbymiY Ki‡e|Ó
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Ave~ mvC` (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﺩﻭـ�ﻬ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ
ﺎ�ﻴ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠﹸﻗ �ﻩﻭ�ﻤﹸﺘﹾﻜﹶﻠ�ﺴﹶﻟ �ﺏ�ﻀ �ﺭ�ﺤ�ﺠ ﺍﻭﹸﻜﹶﻠ�ﺴ �ﻭﹶﻟ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ ﹴﻉﺍ�ﺭ�ﺫﹺﺒ ﺎ�ﻋﺍ�ﺭ�ﺫ�ﻭ ﹴﺭ�ﺒ�ﺸﹺﺒ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒ�ﺸ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﹶﻨ�ﺴ �ﻥ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘﹶﺘﹶﻟ
؟�ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓ
َلﺎﹶﻗ ﻯ�ﺭﺎ�ﺼﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ
Ò†Zvgiv Aek¨B (weåvwš—i †‡Î) c~e©eZ©x RvwZ‡`i mybœvZ (ixwZ) c‡` c‡` AbymiY Ki‡e: weN‡Z weN‡Z I nv‡Z
nv‡Z| GgbwK Zviv hw` †Kv‡bv ¸Bmv‡ci M‡Z© cÖ‡ek K‡i Z‡e †ZvgivI Z_vq cÖ‡ek Ki‡e|Ó Avgiv ejjvg: c~e©eZ©xMY
ej‡Z wK Bn~`x-L„÷vbiv?Ó wZwb e‡jb: ÔZ‡e Avi Kviv?Ó 955
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﺱﹺﺭﺎـﹶﻔﹶﻜ
�ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭـ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎـ�ﻴ َلﻴ�ﻘﹶﻓ ﹴﻉﺍ�ﺭ�ﺫﹺﺒ ﺎ�ﻋﺍ�ﺭ�ﺫ�ﻭ ﹴﺭ�ﺒ�ﺸﹺﺒ ﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒ�ﺸ ﺎ�ﻬﹶﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ ﹺﻥﻭ�ﺭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﺫﹾﺨَﺄﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻤُﺃ ﹶﺫﹸﺨْﺄﹶﺘ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ ﹸﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻡﻭﹸﻘﹶﺘ ﻻ
�ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺃ ﻻِﺇ
�ﺱﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹺﻡﻭ�ﺭﻟﺍ�ﻭ
ÒwKqvgZ AvMg‡bi Av‡MB Avgvi D¤§vZ c~e©eZ©x RvwZ¸wj ixwZ MÖnY Ki‡e, weN‡Z weN‡Z Ges nv‡Z nv‡Z| ZLb
ejv n‡jv, Ô†n Avj­vni ivm~j, cvim¨evmx Ges †ivgevmx‡`i gZ?Õ wZwb e‡jb: ÔZv‡`i‡K ev` w`‡j Avi gvbyl Kviv?Ó 956

Ab¨ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � †h e¨vwai Kvi‡Y wefw³ N‡U Zv D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| hyevBi Bebyj AvIqvg (iv) e‡jb,
ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻴﹺﺒ ﻲ�ﺴﹾﻔﹶﻨ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻥﻴ�ﺩ ﻟﺍ ﹸﻕ�ﻠ�ﺤﹶﺘ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﺭ�ﻌﱠﺸﻟﺍ ﹸﻕ�ﻠ�ﺤﹶﺘ ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺃ ﻻ ﹸﺔﹶﻘِﻟﺎ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻫ �ﺀﺎ�ﻀﹾﻐ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﺩ�ﺴ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ ﹺﻡ�ﻤُﻷﺍ �ﺀﺍ�ﺩ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺏ�ﺩ
... ﺍﻭ�ﺒﺎ�ﺤﹶﺘ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅﹸﺘ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﻨ�ﻤْﺅﹸﺘ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ ﹶﺔﱠﻨ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻠﹸﺨ�ﺩﹶﺘ ﻻ
Òc~e©eZ©x D¤§vZM‡Yi e¨vwa †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ ax‡i ax‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡Q, †m e¨vwa n‡jv wnsmv I we‡Øl| we‡Øl gyÊbKvix|
Avwg ewj bv †h, Zv gv_vi Pzj gyÊb K‡i, eis Zv `xb gyÊb K‡i|Ó 957
cÖ_g Aa¨v‡q mvnvexM‡Yi gZvg‡Zi ¸i“Z¡ Av‡jvPbvKv‡j Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, GKwU nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
ÔÔ†Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv Avgvi c‡i †eu‡P _vK‡e Zviv A‡bK gZwe‡iva †`L‡Z cv‡e| G‡‡Î †Zvgv‡`i Dci `vwqZ¡ n‡jv Avgvi
mybœvZ I myc_cÖvß Lyjvdv‡q ivwk`x‡bi mybœvZ AbymiY Kiv| †Zvgiv `„pfv‡e Zv AuvK‡o ai‡e, †Kvb cÖKv‡iB Zvi evB‡i hv‡e
bv| Avi †Zvgiv (Avgvi I Lyjvdv‡q ivwk`x‡bi mybœv‡Zi evB‡i) bZzb D¢vweZ mKj welq me©‡Zvfv‡e cwinvi Ki‡e; KviY mKj
bZzb D¢vweZ welqB we`AvZ Ges mKj we`AvZB weåvwš— I c_åóZv|ÕÕ
G nv`x‡m wZwb wefw³ †_‡K AvZ¥ivi c_ Rvwb‡q‡Qb, Zv n‡jv, Zuvi I Lyjvdv‡q ivwk`x‡bi mybœv‡Zi Dci AUj _vKv|
Ab¨ nv`x‡m wZwb wefw³ m„wóKvix‡`i cÖK…wZ I wefw³i mgq D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| Avãyj­vn Beby gvmE` (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn �
e‡jb:
ﺎ�ﻬﱠﻨِﺇ �ﻡﹸﺜ �ﻩﹺﺭ�ﻤَﺄﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭ�ﺩﹶﺘﹾﻘ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﺘﱠﻨ�ﺴﹺﺒ �ﻥﻭﹸﺫﹸﺨْﺄ�ﻴ �ﺏﺎ�ﺤ�ﺼَﺃ�ﻭ �ﻥﻭ�ﻴﹺﺭﺍ�ﻭ�ﺤ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﹶﻟ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ ﻻِﺇ ﻲ�ﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﺔ�ﻤُﺃ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻪﹶﺜ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻤ
�ﻪ�ﻨﺎ�ﺴ�ﻠﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﻫﺎ�ﺠ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ �ﻭ�ﻬﹶﻓ �ﻩ�ﺩ�ﻴﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﻫﺎ�ﺠ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻴ ﻻ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌﹾﻔ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻥﻭﹸﻠ�ﻌﹾﻔ�ﻴ ﻻ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ ﹲﻑﻭﹸﻠﹸﺨ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹸﻑﹸﻠﹾﺨﹶﺘ
ٍل�ﺩ�ﺭﹶﺨ ﹸﺔ�ﺒ�ﺤ ﹺﻥﺎ�ﻤﻴِﻹﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ �ﺀﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ �ﻭ�ﻬﹶﻓ �ﻪﹺﺒﹾﻠﹶﻘﹺﺒ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺩ�ﻫﺎ�ﺠ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤ �ﻭ�ﻬﹶﻓ
ÒAvgvi c~‡e© †h D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨B Avj­vn †Kv‡bv bex †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb †m bexiB D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ Zuvi Nwbô wkl¨ I mvnvex
wQ‡jb, Zuviv Zuvi mybœvZ AuvK‡o ai‡Zb Ges Zuvi wb‡`©k AbymiY Ki‡Zb| AZtci Zv‡`i c‡i Ggb GK`j DËim~wii Avwef©ve
N‡U hviv hv e‡j Zv K‡i bv Ges hv Zv‡`i Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv nq wb Zv Zviv K‡i| Kv‡RB †h e¨w³ G‡`i mv‡_ nvZ w`‡q
wRnv` Ki‡e †m gywgb, †h e¨w³ Zv‡`i mv‡_ gyL w`‡q wRnv` Ki‡e †mI gywgb Ges †h e¨w³ G‡`i mv‡_ Aš—i w`‡q wRnv` Ki‡e
†mI gywgb| Gi c‡i Avi kwilv cwigvY CgvbI Aewkó _v‡K bv|Ó 958
GLv‡b ivm~jyj­vn � Rvwb‡q‡Qb †h, mvnvexM‡Yi c‡ii hy‡M wefw³ Avm‡e| GQvov wZwb mvnvexM‡Yi `ywU ˆewkó¨ I
wefw³ m„wóKvix‡`i `ywU ‰ewkó¨ D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| Ab¨ A‡bK nv`x‡m G ai‡bi wKQz ˆewkó¨ wZwb D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb|
Avjx Ges Beby gvmE` (�) †_‡K wewfbœ mnxn mb‡` ewY©Z nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb,
( ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺎـﹺﺒ �ﻥ�ﻭ�ﻤﱠﻠﹶﻜﹶﺘ�ﻴ ) �ﺔ�ﻴﹺﺭ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ ِل�ﻭﹶﻗ ﹺﺭ�ﻴﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ ﹺﻡﻼ�ﺤَﻷﺍ �ﺀﺎ�ﻬﹶﻔ�ﺴ ﹺﻥﺎﹶﻨ�ﺴَﻷﺍ ( ﹸﺙﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ
) �ﺀﺎﹶﺜ�ﺩ�ﺤ �ﻡ�ﻭﹶﻗ ﹺﻥﺎ�ﻤ�ﺯﻟﺍ ﹺﺭ�ﺨﺁ ﻲ�ﻓ ﻲ�ﺘْﺄ�ﻴ
�ﻡ�ﻬﹸﻨﺎـ�ﻤﻴِﺇ �ﺯﹺﻭﺎـ�ﺠ�ﻴ
ﻻ �ﺔ�ﻴ�ﻤ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺴﻟﺍ ﹸﻕ�ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ ( ﱢﻕ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ) ﹺﻡﻼ�ﺴ
ِﻹﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭﹸﻗ�ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻴ ( �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭﹺﺠﺎﹶﻨ�ﺤ �ﺯﹺﻭﺎ�ﺠ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻥﺁ�ﺭﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭ�ﺀ�ﺭﹾﻘ�ﻴ )
�ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻠﹶﺘﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤِﻟ �ﺭ�ﺠَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻠﹾﺘﹶﻗ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻫﻭﹸﻠﹸﺘﹾﻗﺎﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻫﻭ�ﻤﹸﺘﻴ�ﻘﹶﻟ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻨ�ﻴَﺄﹶﻓ �ﻡ�ﻫ�ﺭﹺﺠﺎﹶﻨ�ﺤ
Ò†kl hy‡M Ggb GKwU m¤cÖ`vq AvMgb Ki‡e hviv eq‡m Zi“Y Ges Zv‡`i eyw×Ávb Acwic°Zv, †evKvwg I cÖMfZvq
c~Y©| gvbyl hZ K_v e‡j Zb¥‡a¨ m‡e©vËg K_v Zviv ej‡e| Zviv mZ¨-b¨v‡qi K_v ej‡e| Zviv KziAvb cvV Ki‡e wKš‘ Zv Zv‡`i
KÉbvjx AwZµg Ki‡e bv| wKš‘ Zviv mZ¨, b¨vq I Bmjvg †_‡K †Zgwb wQU‡K †ewi‡q hv‡e, †hgb K‡i Zxi wkKv‡ii †`n †f`
K‡i wQU‡K †ewi‡q hvq| Zv‡`i Cgvb Zv‡`i KÉbvjx AwZµg Ki‡e bv| †Zvgiv hLb †hLv‡bB Zv‡`i‡K cv‡e ZLb Zv‡`i‡K
nZ¨v Ki‡e; KviY Zv‡`i‡K hviv nZ¨v Ki‡e Zv‡`i Rb¨ wKqvg‡Zi w`b Avj­vni wbKU cyi¯‹vi _vK‡e| 959
GB A‡_© 17 Rb mvnvex †_‡K cÖvq 50wU c„_K m~‡Îi nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| G mKj nv`xm cÖgvY K‡i †h, evwn¨K
AvKl©Yxq avwg©KZv, mZZv I HKvwš—KZv m‡Ë¡I A‡bK gvbyl DMÖZvi Kvi‡Y Bmjvg †_‡K wePz¨Z n‡e| G mKj nv`xm hw`I
me©Rbxb Ges mKj hy‡MB Giƒc gvby‡li Avwef©ve n‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e mvnvexM‡Yi hyM †_‡K gymwjg D¤§vni AvwjgMY GKgZ
†h, G fwel¨Øvbxi cÖ_g ev¯—evqb n‡qwQj LvwiRx‡`i Avwef©v‡ei ga¨ w`‡q| 960
Dc‡ii mnxn nv`xm¸wj mvgwMÖKfv‡e gyZvIqvwZi ch©v‡qi| GmKj nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ wefw³ I
wefw³i KviY m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvwi| Abyiƒcfv‡e wefw³ I gZ‡f‡`i †‡Î wbivcËv I gyw³i c_I Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi|
Ab¨ wKQz nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ wef³ `‡ji msL¨v Ges gyw³cÖvß `‡ji cwiPq Rvwb‡q‡Qb| Ave~ ûivBiv (iv)
e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
251

�ﺙﻼـﹶﺜ
252
ﻰـﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﻲـ�ﺘ�ﻤُﺃ ﹸﻕﹺﺭـﹶﺘﹾﻔﹶﺘ�ﻭ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ َلﹾﺜ�ﻤ ﻯ�ﺭﺎ�ﺼﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹰﺔﹶﻗ�ﺭ�ﻓ �ﻥﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﺘﹶﻨﹾﺜﺍ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻥﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﺤِﺇ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺩﻭ�ﻬ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ ﹾﺕﹶﻗ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﺘ
ﹰﺔﹶﻗ �ﺭ�ﻓ �ﻥﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﻭ
ÒBn~`xiv 71 ev 72 `‡j wef³ n‡q hvq Ges L„÷vbMYI Abyiƒc `‡j wef³ n‡q hvq| Avi Avgvi D¤§vZ 73 `‡j
wef³ n‡e|Ó 961
Ab¨ nv`x‡m gyÔAvweqv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﺙﻼـﹶﺜ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹸﻕﹺﺭﹶﺘﹾﻔﹶﺘ�ﺴ ﹶﺔﱠﻠ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻩ�ﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ ﹰﺔﱠﻠ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﺘﹾﻨ�ﺜ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﹸﻗ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﻓﺍ ( ﻥﻴﺒﺎﺘﻜﻟﺍ)
ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ ِل�ﻫَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺇ ﻻَﺃ
ﹸﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﻤ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻫ�ﻭ �ﺔﱠﻨ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﹲﺓ�ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭ�ﻭ ﹺﺭﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﹺﻥﺎﹶﺘﹾﻨ�ﺜ �ﻥﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﻭ
Ò†Zvgiv †R‡b ivL! †Zvgv‡`i c~e©eZ©x wKZvexMY (Bn~`x I L„÷vbMY) 72 `‡j wef³ n‡qwQj| Avi G D¤§vZ 73
`‡j wef³ n‡q hv‡e| G‡`i g‡a¨ 72 `j Rvnvbœv‡g Ges GKwU `jB Rvbœv‡Z| G `jwU n‡jv RvgvÔAvZ|Ó 962
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avãyj­vn Beby Avgi (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn e‡jb:
ﹰﺔـﱠﻠ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ ﹺﺭﺎـﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻡ�ﻬﱡﻠﹸﻜ ﹰﺔﱠﻠ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﻭ �ﺙﻼﹶﺜ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ
ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻤُﺃ ﹸﻕﹺﺭﹶﺘﹾﻔﹶﺘ�ﻭ ﹰﺔﱠﻠ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﺘﹾﻨ�ﺜ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹾﺕﹶﻗ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﺘ َلﻴِﺌﺍ�ﺭ�ﺴِﺇ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﺒ �ﻥِﺇ
ﻲﹺﺒﺎ�ﺤ�ﺼَﺃ�ﻭ ( �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴﹾﻟﺍ ) �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎ�ﻴ �ﻲ�ﻫ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ ﹰﺓ�ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭ
ÒBmiv‡qj mš—vbMY 72 `‡j wef³ n‡qwQj| Avi Avgvi D¤§vZ 73 `‡j wef³ n‡e| G‡`i g‡a¨ mK‡jB Rvnvbœvgx,
GKwUgvÎ `j ev‡`| mvnvexMY cÖkœ K‡ib: †n Avj­vni ivm~j, G gyw³cÖvß `jwU Kviv? wZwb e‡jb: ÔAvwg Ges Avgvi
mvnvexMY GLb hvi Dci AvwQ|Ó 963
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, gvbexq `ye©jZvi mv‡_ kqZv‡bi cÖ‡ivPbv GKwÎZ n‡q hy‡M hy‡M gvbyl Avj­vni `xb I †n`vqvZ
jvf Kivi c‡iI weåvš— I wew”Qbœ n‡q‡Q| cÖvK…wZK I RvMwZKfv‡e gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨I Giƒc wefw³ Avm‡e e‡j ivm~jyj­vn
� Rvwb‡q‡Qb| Z‡e GLv‡b jYxq †h, wef³‡`i `j-Dc`j A‡bK n‡jI Abymvix Kg| KviY Avgiv †`Le †h, wefw³i g~j
KviY AvKx`vi Drm wn‡m‡e Inxi g‡a¨ mxgve× bv †_‡K Inxi mv‡_ gvbexq hyw³ wePvi w`‡q wKQz K_v ms‡hvRb Kiv| Avi G
c_ Lyj‡jB wefw³i c_ Ly‡j hvq| GRb¨ wdiKv¸wji g‡a¨ Avf¨š—ixb wefw³ LyeB †ewk| G‡Z wdiKvi msL¨v evo‡jI
Abymvix‡`i msL¨v ev‡o bv|
wØZxq †h welqwU jYxq Zv n‡jv, Dc‡ii †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv nv`x‡m D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, wef³ 73 `‡ji 72 `jB
Rvnvbœvgx| Gi A_© GB bq †h, Giv mK‡jB Kvwdi ev wPi¯’vqx Rvnvbœvgevmx| eis Giv wek¦vmMZ cv‡ci Kvi‡Y ev wek¦v‡mi
†‡Î we`ÔAv‡Z wjß nIqvi Kvi‡Y Rvnvbœv‡gi kvw¯— †fvM Ki‡e| cieZ©x Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv †`Le †h, mvnvexMY Ges Zuv‡`i
Abymvix Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvAvZ AvKx`vMZ weåvš— wdiKv¸wj‡K Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ K‡ib wb| Zv‡`i‡K weåvš— ev weåvwš—‡Z
wbcwZZ gymwjg e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb| Z‡e weåvš— `j I m¤cÖ`vq¸wj Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i Qvov mKj‡KB Kwdi e‡j MY¨ KiZ I
K‡i|
6. 3. 3. BdwZiv‡Ki KviY
Dc‡ii AvqvZ I nv`xmmg~n †_‡K Avgiv †`wL †h, c~e©eZ©x D¤§vZ Ges G D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ BdwZivK ev wefw³i
KviY¸wj wbgœiƒc:
6. 3. 3. 1. Inx fy‡j hvIqv
KziAvb Kvix‡g Avj­vn c~e©eZ©x D¤§v‡Zi wefw³ I weåvwš—i KviY wn‡m‡e D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, Zviv Zv‡`i‡K cÖ`Ë
Inxi GKwU Ask fy‡j wM‡qwQj, d‡j Zv‡`i g‡a¨ wefw³, kΓZv I `jv`wj m„wó nq| G wel‡q GKwU AvqvZ Avgiv GKUz
Av‡M †`‡LwQ| Ab¨Î Avj­vn e‡jb:
�ﻪﹺﺒ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﱢﻜﹸﺫ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ ﺎ�ﻅ�ﺤ ﺍﻭ�ﺴﹶﻨ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻌ�ﻀﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻡ�ﻠﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥﻭﹸﻓ�ﺭ�ﺤ�ﻴ ﹰﺔ�ﻴ�ﺴﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﺒﻭﹸﻠﹸﻗ ﺎﹶﻨﹾﻠ�ﻌ�ﺠ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻫﺎﱠﻨ�ﻌﹶﻟ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻗﺎﹶﺜﻴ�ﻤ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻀﹾﻘﹶﻨ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒﹶﻓ
ÒZv‡`i A½xKvi f‡½i Rb¨ Zv‡`i‡K jvbZ K‡iwQ Ges Zv‡`i ü`q KwVb K‡iwQ, Zviv kã¸wj‡K ¯^¯’vb †_‡K weK…Z
K‡i Ges Zv‡`i‡K hv wkv †`Iqv n‡qwQj Zvi GK Ask fy‡j wM‡q‡Q|Ó 964
Inx fy‡j hvIqvi wewfbœ w`K i‡q‡Q| Ae‡njvi gva¨‡g Inxi wKQz Ask wejyß nIqv, e¨vL¨vi bv‡g g~j Inx ev` w`‡q
e¨vL¨v‡KB Inxi ¯’jvwfwl³ Kiv, Avnevi-i“nevb‡`i gvm~g ev wb®úvc-wbf©yj e‡j wek¦vm K‡i Zv‡`i gZvgZ‡K Inxi mgZ‚j¨
e‡j MY¨ Kiv, Inxi bv‡g ev‡bvqvU ev wg_¨v K_v cÖPvi Kiv, `k©b, hyw³ BZ¨vw`i gva¨‡g Inxi wKQz Ask ev` †`Iqv, RvMwZK
¯^v‡_©i Kvi‡Y Inxi wb‡`©kbv weK…Z Kiv BZ¨vw`| c~e©eZ©x RvwZ¸wji b¨vq gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨I weK…wZ, weåvwš— I wefw³i GwU

g~j KviY| wewfbœfv‡e Giv Inx fy‡j‡Q ev fyjv‡Z †Póv K‡i‡Q| †hgb:
(K) Inx ev KziAvb I nv`xm mvaviY gvbyl eyS‡Z cvi‡e bv ev we‡kl Ávb m¤úbœ e¨w³ Qvov Gi wb‡`©kbv e¨vL¨vi
AwaKvi Kv‡iv †bB e‡j RbMY‡K KziAvb I nv`xm Abyaveb Kiv †_‡K mwi‡q ivLv| we‡kl K‡i kxqv m¤cÖ`v‡qi evwZj
AvKx`v¸wji GwU Ab¨Zg|
(L) Inxi e¨vL¨vq †Kv‡bv Avwjg, gvÕm~g Bgv‡gi ev Ab¨ Kv‡iv we‡kl AwaKvi Av‡Q e‡j `vwe K‡i Zvi ÔBjg
jv`ybœxÕ, Kvkd, e¨vL¨v ev gZvgZ‡K Inxi Ask evwb‡q †`Iqv| GwUI kxqv m¤cÖ`v‡qi †gŠwjK weåvwš—mg~‡ni Ab¨Zg|
(M) ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi c‡i Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gvby‡li wb®úvcZ¡ ev wbf©yj‡Z¡ ev Zuvi Bjg jv`ybœx, Kvkd ev Bjnv‡gi
Aåvš—Zvq wek¦vm K‡i Zvi gZvgZ‡K Inxi mgZ‚j¨ ev Inxi GKgvÎ e¨vL¨v e‡j MY¨ Kiv| G‡Z g~j Inxi Avi †Kv‡bvB
g~j¨ _v‡K bv| †KejgvÎ Inxi e¨vL¨v bv‡g Kw_Z Bgv‡gi gZvgZB AvKx`vi GKgvÎ wfwË n‡q hvq| GwUI kxqv‡`i weåvwš—
i †gŠwjK w`K|
(N) Inxi cvkvcvwk `k©b, e„w×e„wËK hyw³ BZ¨vw`‡K Inxi gZB AvKx`vi Drm wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv| mKj weåvš—
`‡jiB GwU ˆewkó¨|
(O) Inxi Zvdmxi ev e¨vLvi bv‡g wb‡R‡`i ev †Kv‡bv Avwjg ev eyRy‡M©i gZvgZ‡K Inxi mv‡_ AvKx`vi Ask
evwb‡q †`Iqv| mKj weåvš— wdiKviB GwU ˆewkó¨|
(P) Zvexj-e¨vL¨vi bv‡g Inxi wKQz welq evwZj K‡i Zvi GKwU we‡kl A_© AvKx`vi g‡a¨ MY¨ Kiv| G‡Z Inxi g~j
fvlv AvKx`v †_‡K Ôfy‡j hvIqvÕ nq| mKj weåvš— wdiKviB GwU ˆewkó¨|
(Q) ev‡bvqvU K_v evwb‡q Inxi bv‡g Pvjv‡bv ev Rvj nv`xm ˆZwi Kiv ev Rvj ev Awbf©i‡hvM¨ nv`xm, Zvdmxi ev
NUbvi Dc‡i AvKx`vi wfwË ¯’vcb Kiv| GwU kxqv I Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK wdiKvi ˆewkó¨|
6. 3. 3. 2. nvIqv (ﻯﻭﻬﻟﺍ) ev gbMov gZvg‡Zi AbymiY
nv, IqvI I Bqv wZbwU e‡Y©i mgš^‡q MwVZ kãwUi g~j A_© k~b¨ nIqv, Lvwj nIqv ev wbcwZZ nIqv| G wµqvg~j †_‡K
`y cÖKv‡ii wµqv e¨eüZ nq: (ﺏﺭﻀﻴ ﺏﺭﻀ) eve †_‡K wµqvwU e¨eüZ n‡j ejv nq nvIqv-Bqvnex (ﻱﹺﻭ�ﻬ�ﻴ ،ﻯ�ﻭ�ﻫ) Ges G‡‡Î
A_© nq wbcwZZ nIqv| G wµqvi gvm`vi: ûweq¨vb (ﹰﺎ�ﻴﹺﻭ�ﻫ)| Avi ( ﻊﻤـﺴﻴ ﻊﻤـﺴ) eve †_‡K wµqvwU e¨eüZ n‡j ejv nq nvweqv-
Bqvnev (ﻯ�ﻭ�ﻬ�ﻴ �ﻱﹺﻭ�ﻫ) A_©vr fvjevmv, †cÖg Kiv, cQ›` Kiv, BZ¨vw`| G wµqvi gvm`vi ÔnvIqvbÕ ( ﻯ�ﻭـ�ﻫ)| Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ
†h, nvIqv ( ﻯﻭـﻬﻟﺍ) k‡ãi A_© †cÖg, fvjjvMv, cQ›` Kiv (love, passion, wish, desire, pleasure) BZ¨vw`| eû ePb:
AvnIqv (ﺀﺍﻭﻫﻷﺍ)| 965
KziAv‡b evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, ÔnvIqvb bvdmÕ ( ﺱﻔﻨـﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﻫ) ev e¨w³ g‡bi cQ›`-AcQ›` AbymiY Kiv weåvwš—
I wefw³i Ab¨Zg KviY| nv`xm kix‡d gymwjg D¤§vni wefw³‡K ÔAvnIqvÕ ( ﺀﺍﻭـﻫﺃ) e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| gyÔAvweq (iv)
e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
ﹰﺔـﱠﻠ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒـ�ﺴ�ﻭ �ﺙﻼـﹶﺜ
ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹸﻕﹺﺭﹶﺘﹾﻔﹶﺘ�ﺴ ﹶﺔ�ﻤُﻷﺍ �ﻩ�ﺫ�ﻫ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ ﹰﺔﱠﻠ�ﻤ �ﻥﻴ�ﻌ�ﺒ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﺘﹾﻨ�ﺜ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻨﻴ�ﺩ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺍﻭﹸﻗ�ﺭﹶﺘﹾﻓﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ َل�ﻫَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ
ﻯ�ﺭﺎ�ﺠﹶﺘ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ �ﺀﺍ�ﻭ�ﻫَﻷﺍ �ﻙﹾﻠ�ﺘ �ﻡﹺﻬﹺﺒ ﻯ�ﺭﺎ�ﺠﹶﺘ �ﻡﺍ�ﻭﹾﻗَﺃ ﻲ�ﺘ�ﻤُﺃ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺝ�ﺭﹾﺨ�ﻴ�ﺴ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ�ﻭ ﹸﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﻤ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻫ�ﻭ ﹰﺓ�ﺩ�ﺤﺍ�ﻭ ﻻِﺇ ﹺﺭﺎﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎ�ﻬﱡﻠﹸﻜ �ﺀﺍ�ﻭ�ﻫ َﻷﺍ ﻲ�ﻨ�ﻌ�ﻴ
�ﻪﹶﻠﹶﺨ�ﺩ ﻻِﺇ ٌل�ﺼﹾﻔ�ﻤ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹲﻕ�ﺭ�ﻋ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﻰﹶﻘ�ﺒ�ﻴ ﻻ �ﻪﹺﺒ�ﺤﺎ�ﺼﹺﺒ �ﺏﹾﻠﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ
Ò†Zvgv‡`i c~e©eZ©x wKZvexMY (Bn~`x I L„÷vbMY) 72 `‡j wef³ n‡qwQj| Avi G D¤§vZ 73 `‡j wef³ n‡q hv‡e, Zviv
cQ›` ev gbMov g‡Zi ( ءاﻮ�ﻫأ) AbymiY Ki‡e| Giv mK‡jB Rvnvbœgx, †KejgvÎ GKwU `j ev‡`, hviv ÔAvj-RvgvÔAvZÕ| Avi
Avgvi D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ Ggb wKQz `j †ei n‡e hv‡`i g‡a¨ gbMov gZ ev cQ‡›`i AbymiY Ggbfv‡e cÖ‡ek Ki‡e †hgbfv‡e
RjvZ¼ †iv‡M Avµvš— e¨w³i g‡a¨ Zvi †ivM cÖ‡ek K‡i| Zvi †`‡ni mKj wkiv, Dcwkiv I Aw¯—mw܇Z Zv cÖ‡ek K‡i|Ó 966
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, weåvwš— I wefw³i Ab¨Zg KviY ÔBwËevDj nvIqvÕ ev cQ‡›`i AbymiY ev gbMov g‡Zi
AbymiY| e¯‘Z ag© I wek¦v‡mi g~j n‡jv Inxi wbKU AvZ¥mgc©Y| Gi ¯^iƒc n‡jv †Kv‡bv wkv ev wb‡`©kbv Inx e‡j cÖgvwYZ n‡j
wb‡Ri gZ ev cQ›`-AcQ›`‡K Zvi Aaxb K‡i †`Iqv| cÖ‡qvR‡b wb‡Ri gZ ev wb‡Ri g‡bvbxZ e¨w³i gZ e¨vL¨v K‡i ev` w`‡q
Inxi gZ e¨vL¨vZxZfv‡e MÖnY Kiv|
Gi wecixZ n‡jv BwËevDj nvIqv ev wb‡Ri gbgwh© ev cQ›`-AcQ‡›`i Dci wbf©i Kiv| Gi ¯^iƒc n‡jv, GKwU gZ ev
Kg© gvby‡li †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y fvj jvM‡e ev mwVK e‡j g‡b n‡e| Gici †m GB gZwU cÖwZôvi Rb¨ †Póv Ki‡e| Inxi †h
welqwU Zvi g‡Zi c‡ _vK‡e †mwU †m MÖnY Ki‡e| Avi †h welqwU Zvi g‡Zi wei“‡× hv‡e Zv †m cÖZ¨vL¨vb Ki‡e ev
e¨vL¨v Ki‡e|
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, wewfbœ a‡g©i AbymvixMY c~e©eZ©x ag©, cÖPwjZ `k©b, mvgvwRK ixwZ ev wek¦v‡mi cÖfv‡e ev c~e©cyi“l‡`i
gZvg‡Zi cÖfv‡e GKwU wek¦vm ev Kg©‡K fvj‡e‡m †d‡jb| Gici Zvi Kv‡Q Inxi welq cÖgvwYZ n‡jI Zv MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡ib
bv| eis Inxi welqwU e¨vL¨v K‡i ev bv K‡i Dwo‡q †`b Ges cQ›`bxq gZwUB a‡i _v‡Kb| Bn~`x-L„÷vbMY Ges Avi‡ei
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Kvwdi‡`i weåvwš— I wefw³i GwU wQj Ab¨Zg KviY| gymwjg D¤§vni weåvš— I wef³ `j¸wjiI GwU g~j ˆewkó¨|
6. 3. 3. 3. wnsmv-we‡Øl
KziAvb I nv`x‡m evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, wnsmv, we‡Øl, wR` I DMÖZv wefw³ ev BdwZiv‡Ki Ab¨Zg KviY|
e¯‘Z gZ‡f` gvby‡li ¯^vfvweK welq| gvby‡li g‡a¨ Ab¨vb¨ mKj wel‡qi b¨vq ag©xq wel‡qI gZ‡f` n‡ZB cv‡i| `ywU welq
we`¨gvb _vK‡j Giƒc gZ‡f` wbimb n‡q hvq A_ev gZ‡f`mn-B Awew”Qbœ _vKv hvq: (1) Inxi cÖwZ cwic~Y© AvZ¥mgc©b Ges
(2) cwic~Y© fvjevmv I åvZ…Z¡‡eva|
Inxi cÖwZ cwic~Y© AvZ¥mgc©b gZ‡f` wbimb K‡i ev gZ‡f‡`i ¸i“Z¡ Kwg‡q Av‡b| gZ‡f`Kvix e¨w³ ev
†MvôxeM© hw` Inxi gva¨‡g hv Rvbv hvq †mUzKy g~j a‡i Inxi AwZwi³ welq‡K A‡gŠwjK mn¨‡hvM¨ welq wn‡m‡e MY¨ K‡ib
Z‡e gZ‡f‡`i ZxeªZv K‡g hvq| cvkvcvwk Avš—wiK fvjevmv I åvZ…„Z¡‡eva Ac‡ii g‡Zi cÖwZ mnbkxjZv evwo‡q †`q Ges
wefw³ I wew”QbœZv †_‡K iv K‡i|
gZ‡f`xq mKj welq‡KB GLv‡b D`vniY wn‡m‡e †ck Kiv hvq| mvnvexM‡Yi mK‡ji gh©v`vi ¯^xKv‡ivw³mn Zuv‡`i
cvi¯úwiK ZviZg¨ wba©vi‡Yi wel‡q, Cgv‡bi cÖK…wZ I Kexiv †MvbvnKvix weav‡bi wel‡q, ZvK`xi I gvby‡li ¯^vaxb B”Qvi wel‡q,
Avj­vni we‡klYmg~‡ni wel‡q wewfbœ wdiKvi Rb¥ n‡q‡Q| G‡‡Î hw` mK‡j G wel‡q GKgZ n‡Zb †h, Inxi gva¨‡g ev
KziAvb I nv`xm †_‡K hZUzK Rvbv hvq Zv Avgiv MÖnY Kie| evwK mgš^q I e¨vL¨vi †‡Î gvbexq eyw× w`‡q hv eje Zv Inxi
gZ P~ovš— e‡j MY¨ Kie bv| eis G¸wj‡K BRwZnv`x e¨vL¨v Kv‡RB G¸wji mgvavb bv n‡jI Avgiv G‡K Ac‡ii gZ mn¨
Kie| KviY Avgiv mK‡jB GKB a‡g©i Abymvix I ci¯ú‡i åvZ…‡Z¡i KwVb e܇b Ave×|
Avgiv cieZ©x Av‡jvPbv †_‡K †`L‡Z cve mvnvexM‡Yi g‡a¨ G`ywU wel‡q cÖMvp we`¨gvbZvi Kvi‡Y Zuv‡`i gZ‡f`
KL‡bv wefw³i ch©v‡q hvq wb| Abyiƒcfv‡e Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi Avwjg I BgvgMYI G`ywU wel‡qi ¸i“Z¡
w`‡q‡Qb| d‡j GKw`‡K Zuviv Zuv‡`i Avf¨š—ixb gZ‡f`¸wj mnRfv‡e wb‡q‡Qb Ges Zuv‡`i gZ‡f` wew”QbœZvq ch©ewmZ nq
wb| Aciw`‡K Zviv wew”Qbœ wdiKvmg~‡ni gZ‡f` I wew”QbœZvI h_vm¤¢e mnR K‡i †`‡L‡Qb| Zv‡`i‡K fy‡ji g‡a¨ wbcwZZ
I weåvwš—i wkKvi ej‡jI Inxi †Kv‡bv welq my¯úó A¯^xKvi bv Kiv ch©š— Zuviv Zv‡`i‡K Kvwdi e‡jb wb| Avj­vgv AvjvDÏxb
nvmKvdx (1088 wn) Zuvi Av`-`yi&i“j gyLZvi MÖ‡š’ we`ÔAvZx I weåvš— m¤cÖ`v‡qi wel‡q Avnjym mybœv‡Zi `„wófw½ e¨vL¨v K‡i
e‡jb:
ٍلﻴﹺﻭْﺄﹶﺘ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻪ�ﻨ�ﻭﹶﻜِﻟ �ﻪ�ﺘ�ﻴْﺅ�ﺭ �ﺯﺍ�ﻭ�ﺠ�ﻭ ﻰﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌﹶﺘ �ﻪ�ﺘﺎﹶﻔ�ﺼ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻜﹾﻨ�ﻴ�ﻭ ،ِلﻭ�ﺴ �ﺭﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺴ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻟﺍ�ﻭ�ﻤَﺃ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺀﺎ�ﻤ�ﺩ �ﻥﻭﱡﻠ�ﺤﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﺝﹺﺭﺍ�ﻭﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺭﻔﻜﻴ ﻻ
ﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒ �ﺭﹶﻔﹶﻜ ﹰﺓ�ﺭﻭ�ﺭ�ﻀ ﹺﻥﻴ�ﺩﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻡ�ﻠ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﺭﹶﻜﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ ... �ﺔ�ﻴﹺﺒﺎﱠﻁﹶﺨﹾﻟﺍ ﻻﺇ ، �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﺘ�ﺩﺎ�ﻬﹶﺸ ِلﻭ�ﺒﹶﻗ ِلﻴِﻟ�ﺩﹺﺒ �ﺔ�ﻬ�ﺒﹸﺸ�ﻭ
ÒGgbwK LvwiRxMY, hviv Avgv‡`i i³cvZ I abm¤ú` ˆea e‡j MY¨ K‡i, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Mvwj cÖ`vb K‡i, gnvb
Avj­vni we‡klYmg~n A¯^xKvi K‡i Ges AvwLiv‡Z Zuvi `k©b A¯^xKvi K‡i Zv‡`iI G¸wji Kvi‡Y Kvwdi ejv nq bv| KviY
Zv‡`i G mKj gZvg‡Zi KviY e¨vL¨v I KziAvb-mybœvni cÖgvY eyS‡Z A¯úóZv ev fyj eySv| Gi cÖgvY †h, gymwjg‡`i
Avf¨š—ixb gvgjv-gyKvÏvgvq Zv‡`i mv¨ Keyj Kiv nq| Z‡e LvËvweq¨vn 967 wdiKv‡K Kvwdi ejv n‡q‡Q| Avi †Kv‡bv
wdiKv hw` `x‡bi †Kv‡bv AZ¨vek¨Kxq me©Rb AeÁvZ wek¦vm A¯^xKvi K‡i Z‡e Giƒc we`ÔAv‡Zi Kvi‡Y †m Kvwdi e‡j
MY¨ n‡e|Ó 968
6. 3. 3. 4. mybœvZ †_‡K wePz¨wZ
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, gymwjg D¤§vni wefw³i †‡Î Ôivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi ÔmybœvZÕ Ges mvnvexM‡Yi ÔmybœvZÕ AbymiY
Kiv‡K bvRvZ, mdjZv I wn`vqv‡Zi gvcKvwV wn‡m‡e D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q wewfbœ nv`x‡m| welqwU AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| mybœvZ
k‡ãi A_©, I mybœvZ Abymi‡Yi cÖK…wZ m¤ú‡K© Avgiv cieZ©xKv‡j Av‡jvPbv Kie| e¯‘Z mybœvZ †_‡K wePz¨wZB mKj weåvwš—
i `iRv Ly‡j †`q| Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g e„nr wefw³ LvwiRx wdiKvi BwZnv‡m Avgiv Zv fvjfv‡e †`L‡Z cvB| LvwiRxMY
KziAv‡bi wb‡`©kbv eySvi †‡Î I wm×vš— MÖn‡Yi †‡Î wb‡R‡`i eyS‡KB P~ovš— g‡b KiZ| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi AvRxe‡bi
mnPi I `xb m¤ú‡K© AwaK Ávbx mvnvexM‡Yi gZvgZ‡K AeÁv KiZ Ges Zv‡`i civgk© MÖnY‡K Zviv AcÖ‡qvRbxq e‡j
g‡b KiZ| Zv‡`i ey‡Si evB‡i gZcÖKvkKvix‡`i‡K XvjvIfv‡e Zviv AeÁv KiZ| 969
GQvov Zviv KziAvb eySvi Rb¨ mybœv‡Zi ¸i“Z¡ A¯^xKvi K‡i| Zviv nv`xm A¯^xKvi KiZ bv| mvnvex‡`i Kv‡Q wewfbœ
wel‡q Zviv nv`xm wkvi Rb¨ Mgb KiZ I cÖkœ KiZ| wKš‘ Zviv ÔmybœvZÕ-Gi ¸i“Z¡ A¯^xKvi KiZ| A_©vr †h welqwU wb‡q
weZK©, weåwš— I wefw³ m„wó n‡”Q wVK †m wel‡q ivm~jyj­vn � hv e‡j‡Qb Zvi g‡a¨ wb‡R‡`i mxgve× ivLv Ri“ix g‡b KiZ
bv| eis KziAvb ev nv`xm †_‡K mvaviYfv‡e Zviv hv ey‡S‡Q †mwU‡KB P~ovš— g‡b KiZ| 970
e¯‘Z mybœvZ-B gywg‡bi gyw³i c_| hZY gywgb mybœv‡Zi g‡a¨ wb‡R‡K mxgve× iv‡L ZZY Zvi †Kv‡bv fq _v‡K bv|
ivm~jyj­vn � hv †hfv‡e hZUzKz e‡j‡Qb gywgb hw` Zv ZZUzKz †mfv‡eB e‡jb Ges wZwb hv e‡jb wb gywgb hw` Zv ejv eR©b K‡i
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Z‡e Zvi †Kv‡bv fq _v‡K bv| mybœv‡Zi evB‡i †M‡jB wePz¨wZi m¤¢vebv Ly‡j hvq| KviY mybœv‡Zi e¨vL¨vi bv‡g †h ms‡hvRb ev
we‡qvRb †m K‡i Zv mwVK bv fyj bv wbwðZ Rvbvi †Kv‡bv Dcvq Zvi †bB| m‡e©vcwi ivm~jyj­vn � hv e‡jb wb ev ejv eR©b
K‡i‡Qb Zv bv ej‡j `x‡bi †Kv‡bv wZ n‡e †m wPš—v KivI fvj bq|
6. 3. 3. 5. hv Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv nq wb Zv Kiv
Dc‡ii nv`x‡m Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, weåvš— gvbyl‡`i ˆewkó¨ wn‡m‡e ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb †h, Ôhv Ki‡Z ejv nq wb Zv
Zviv Ki‡e|Õ A_©vr Inxi gva¨‡g †h mKj Kv‡Ri wb‡`©k †`Iqv nq wb, Inxi wewfbœ e¨vL¨v ev hyw³i gva¨‡g †m mKj KvR‡K
`x‡bi ev AvKx`vi Ask evwb‡q †bIqv|
†hgb, Inxi gva¨‡g mrKv‡R Av‡`k I AmrKv‡R wb‡la Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q, wKš‘ AmrKv‡R wj߇K nZ¨v
Ki‡Z, kvw¯— w`‡Z ev AvBb wb‡Ri nv‡Z Zz‡j wb‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv nq wb ev ivóª‡`ªvwnZvi wb‡`©k †`Iqv nq wb, wKš‘ LvwiRxMY
Inxi Abymi‡Yi bv‡g Zv K‡i‡Q| Abyiƒcfv‡e ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi eskai‡`i fvjevm‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q, wKš‘ fvjevmvi bv‡g
Avjx (iv)-‡K mvR`v Ki‡Z, Zuvi we‡kl MvBex Ávb Av‡Q e‡j g‡b Ki‡Z, Zv‡K wb®úvc e‡j `vwe Ki‡Z ev Ab¨vb¨ mvnvex‡K
N„Yv Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv nq wb, wKš‘ kxqvMY Zv K‡i‡Q|
ivm~jyj­vn � I Zuvi eskai‡`i‡K fvjevmv, Zuv‡`i Avb‡›` Avb‡›` Avbw›`Z nIqv I Zv‡`i †e`bvq e¨w_Z nIqv Bmjv‡gi
wb‡`©k| wKš‘ †e`bvq e¨w_Z nIqvi bv‡g gvZg ev Zvwhqv †ei Kiv, †kvK-mgv‡ek Kiv, wb‡R‡K AvNvZ K‡i i³v³ Kiv BZ¨vw`
Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©k bq| Abyiƒcfv‡e Zuv‡`i Rb¥w`‡b ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv w`‡b Zuv‡`i fvjevmv ev Avb‡›`i bv‡g wgwQj, Drme BZ¨vw`
KivI Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©k bq| wKš‘ wewfbœ e¨vL¨v K‡i Ges wewfbœ Rvj `wjj ˆZwi K‡i kxqvMY Giƒc K‡i _v‡K|
mKj weåvš— m¤cÖ`vqB Giƒc K‡i‡Q| Inxi e¨vL¨vi bv‡g Zviv Ggb K_v e‡j‡Q ev Ggb KvR K‡i‡Q hv Ki‡Z
Zv‡`i‡K my¯úófv‡e wb‡`©k †`Iqv nq wb|
6. 3. 3. 6. Ab¨vb¨ RvwZ Øviv cÖfvweZ nIqv
Dc‡ii wewfbœ nv`x‡m Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, gymwjg D¤§vn c~e©eZ©x RvwZmg~‡ni AbymiY Ki‡e e‡j ivm~jyj­vn � D‡j­L
K‡i‡Qb| Gi GKwU bgybv †`‡LwQ †h, gykwiK‡`i ÔhvZz AvbIqvZÕ †`‡L †KD †KD Abyiƒc wKQz wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨I cÖPjb
Kivi AvMÖn †`wL‡qwQ‡jb|
gymwjg D¤§vni wefw³ I wdiKvevwRi BwZnvm ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j Avgi †`wL †h, G welqwU wQj mKj wefw³i
Ab¨Zg KviY| wØZxq cÖR‡b¥i bZzb gymwjgMY Zv‡`i c~e©eZ©x a‡g©i cÖfve, †jvKvPvi, cÖPwjZ `k©b, mgv‡Ri cwÊZ‡`i
e³e¨ BZ¨vw`i Kvi‡YB wewfbœ we`ÔAv‡Zi g‡a¨ wbcwZZ nq|
6. 3. 3. 7. gynKvg †i‡L gyZvkvwen AbymiY
KziAvb I nv`x‡m weåvwš— I wefw³i Av‡iv wKQz welq wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q| G¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Inxi my¯úó ب_©nxb
wb‡`©kbvi wecix‡Z ب_©‡evaK ev GKvwaK A‡_©i m¤¢vebvgq e³e¨‡K MÖnY Kiv ev AvKx`vi wfwË evbv‡bv| gnvb Avj­vn
e‡jb:
ﹲﻎـ�ﻴ�ﺯ �ﻡﹺﻬﹺﺒﻭـﹸﻠﹸﻗ ﻲـ�ﻓ �ﻥﻴ�ﺫـﱠﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤَﺄﹶﻓ ﹲﺕﺎ�ﻬﹺﺒﺎﹶﺸﹶﺘ�ﻤ �ﺭﹶﺨُﺃ�ﻭ ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡُﺃ
�ﻥ�ﻫ ﹲﺕﺎ�ﻤﹶﻜ�ﺤ�ﻤ ﹲﺕﺎ�ﻴَﺁ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻙ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ �ﻭ�ﻫ
ﱞلـﹸﻜ �ﻪﹺﺒ
ﺎﱠﻨ�ﻤَﺁ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟﻭﹸﻘ�ﻴ ﹺﻡﹾﻠ�ﻌﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻥﻭﹸﺨ�ﺴﺍ�ﺭﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﻻِﺇ �ﻪﹶﻠﻴﹺﻭْﺄﹶﺘ �ﻡﹶﻠ�ﻌ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻠﻴﹺﻭْﺄﹶﺘ �ﺀﺎﹶﻐ�ﺘ�ﺒﺍ�ﻭ �ﺔﹶﻨﹾﺘ�ﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﺀﺎﹶﻐ�ﺘ�ﺒﺍ �ﻪﹾﻨ�ﻤ �ﻪ�ﺒﺎﹶﺸﹶﺘ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥﻭ�ﻌﹺﺒﱠﺘ�ﻴﹶﻓ
ﹺﺏﺎ�ﺒﹾﻟَﻷﺍ ﻭﹸﻟﻭُﺃ ﻻِﺇ �ﺭﱠﻜﱠﺫ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺒ�ﺭ �ﺩﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﻤ
ÒwZwbB †Zvgvi cÖwZ G wKZve AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb hvi KZK AvqvZ my¯úó ب_©nxb, G¸wj wKZv‡ei g~j Ask; Avi
Ab¨¸wj ب_©‡evaK-GKvwaK A‡_©i m¤¢vebvgq-| hv‡`i Aš—‡i mZ¨-j•Nb cÖeYZv i‡q‡Q ïay ZvivB wdZbv Ges e¨vL¨vi D‡Ï‡k¨
ب_©‡evaK welq¸wji AbymiY K‡i|Ó 971
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, L„÷vb‡`i weåvwš— I wefw³i GwU GKwU w`K wQj| Zv‡`i wbKU we`¨gvb ÔwKZv‡eÕ Avj­vni
GKZ¡, Cmv (Av)-Gi gvbeZ¡, ivm~jZ¡ BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© ب_©nxb my¯úó wb‡`©kbv we`¨gvb| cvkvcvwk ÔAvj­vni iƒnÕ, ÔAvj­vni KvwjgvÕ
BZ¨vw` wKQz we‡klY Zuvi †‡Î e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q hvi A_©I cwi®‹vi, Z‡e Zv GKvwaK A‡_©i m¤¢vebv iv‡L| G mKj ب_©‡evaK
kã¸wj‡K Zviv GKwU we‡kl A‡_© e¨vL¨v K‡i †mB e¨vL¨v‡K Zviv Zv‡`i wek¦v‡mi g~j wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i Ges Gi wfwˇZ
ب_©nxb my¯úó wb‡`©kbv¸wj e¨vL¨v K‡i evwZj K‡i|
gymwjg D¤§vni weåvš— wdiKv¸wjiI GKB Ae¯’v| cieZ©x Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv G RvZxq A‡bK bgybv †`L‡Z cve,
Bbkv Avj­vn|
6. 3. 3. 8. Kg©nxb ZvwË¡K weZK© I Inxi g‡a¨ ˆecixZ¨ mÜvb
Inxi g~j D‡Ïk¨ gvbyl‡K Avj­vni mš‘wói c_ cÖ`k©b Kiv| gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡ Inxi wb‡`©k gZ wb‡Ri wek¦vm I Kg©
cwiPvjbv Ki| Inxi AbymiY I cvjbB g~j welq, Inx wb‡q weZK© bq| wKš‘ mvaviYZ gvbexq cÖK…wZ K‡g©i †P‡q Kg©nxb
weZK©‡K fvjev‡m| Avi Giƒc weZK© weåvwš—i Drm| KviY Inx g~jZ MvBex welq, G wel‡q gvbexq eyw× I hyw³ wbf©i
weZK© †Kv‡bv P~ovš— mgvavb Avb‡Z cv‡i bv| GRb¨ nv`xm kix‡d Inxi cvjb I ev¯—evq‡b g‡bv‡hvM w`‡Z Ges Zv wb‡q
weZK© cwinvi Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|
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GLv‡b Av‡iv jYxq †h, Ávbe„wËK Av‡jvPbv Áv‡bi c_ myMg K‡i| gZwewg‡qi gva¨‡g Av‡jvPK‡`i AÁZv ev fyj
`~i nq Ges bZzb A‡bK welq Rvbv hvq| wKš‘ weZK© Zv bq| weZ‡K©i mgq cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³ wb‡Ri GKwU gZ MVb K‡i Ges †h
†Kv‡bv fv‡e Zvi gZwU cÖgvY Ki‡Z †Póv K‡i| wbR g‡Zi `ye©jZv aiv co‡jI Zv ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z iwh nq bv, KviY Zv Zvi
civRq e‡j MY¨ nq| GRb¨ nv`xm kix‡d KziAvb wb‡q Av‡jvPbv I cvi¯úwiK cv‡Vi wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q, wKš‘ weZK© Ki‡Z
wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avãyj­vn Beby Dgvi (iv) e‡jb,
ﻲـ�ﻓ ﹸﻑ�ﺭ�ﻌ �ﻴ
256
� �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺝ�ﺭﹶﺨﹶﻓ �ﺔ�ﻴﺁ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎﹶﻔﹶﻠﹶﺘﹾﺨﺍ ﹺﻥ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﺠ�ﺭ ﹶﺕﺍ�ﻭ�ﺼَﺃ �ﻊ�ﻤ�ﺴﹶﻓ َلﺎﹶﻗ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻭ�ﻴ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ ﹸﺕ�ﺭ�ﺠ�ﻫ
ﹺﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜﹾﻟﺍ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻡﹺﻬ�ﻓ ﻼ�ﺘﹾﺨﺎﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻥﺎﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻙﹶﻠ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﺏ�ﻀﹶﻐﹾﻟﺍ �ﻪﹺﻬ�ﺠ�ﻭ
ÒAvwg GKw`b `ycy‡ii Av‡M Av‡M ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi wbKU Mgb Kwi| wZwb KziAv‡bi GKwU AvqvZ wb‡q gZ‡f` I
weZ‡K© iZ `ye¨w³i Kɯ^i ïb‡Z cvb| ZLb wZwb Avgv‡`i wbKU †ewi‡q Av‡mb| Zuvi cweÎ gyLgʇj †µva cwijwZ
nw”Qj| wZwb e‡jb, †Zvgv‡`i c~e©eZ©x gvby‡liv wKZv‡ei wel‡q gZ‡f` Kivi Kvi‡YB aŸsm n‡q‡Q|Ó 972
Avãyj­vn Beby Avgi Bebyj Avm (iv) e‡jb:
�ﻊ�ﻤ�ﺴﹶﻓ ﺍﹶﺫﹶﻜ�ﻭ ﺍﹶﺫﹶﻜ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ْلﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟَﺃ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ َلﺎﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﺍﹶﺫﹶﻜ�ﻭ ﺍﹶﺫﹶﻜ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ْلﹸﻘ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟَﺃ
�ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ � �ﻲﹺﺒﱠﻨﻟﺍ ﹺﺏﺎ�ﺒﹺﺒ ﺎ�ﺴﻭﹸﻠ�ﺠ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ ﺍ�ﺭﹶﻔﹶﻨ �ﻥﺇ
ﺎـ�ﻤﱠﻨِﺇ ﹴﺽ�ﻌ�ﺒﹺﺒ �ﻪ�ﻀ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺏﺎﹶﺘ�ﻜ ﺍﻭ�ﺒﹺﺭ�ﻀﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﺭ�ﻤُﺃ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻬﹺﺒ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹺﻥﺎ�ﻤ�ﺭﻟﺍ �ﺏ�ﺤ �ﻪﹺﻬ�ﺠ�ﻭ ﻲ�ﻓ َﺊ�ﻘﹸﻓ ﺎ�ﻤﱠﻨَﺄﹶﻜ �ﺝ�ﺭﹶﺨﹶﻓ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ
�ﻪـﹾﻨ�ﻋ �ﻡﹸﺘـﻴﹺﻬﹸﻨ ﻱ�ﺫـﱠﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﹺﺒ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﻤ�ﻋﺎﹶﻓ �ﻪﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﺭ�ﻤُﺃ ﻱ�ﺫﱠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭ�ﺭﹸﻅﹾﻨﺍ �ﺀ�ﻲﹶﺸ ﻲ�ﻓ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻫﺎ�ﻫ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻤ �ﻡﹸﺘ�ﺴﹶﻟ �ﻡﹸﻜﱠﻨِﺇ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ ِلﹾﺜ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻠ�ﺒﹶﻗ �ﻡ�ﻤُﻷﺍ ﹾﺕﱠﻠ�ﻀ
ﺍﻭ�ﻬﹶﺘﹾﻨﺎﹶﻓ
ÒwKQz gvbyl ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi `iRvq e‡m wQ‡jb| Zv‡`i †KD e‡jb, Avj­vn wK GK_v e‡jb wb? Avevi †KD e‡jb:
Avj­vn wK GK_v e‡jb wb? ivm~jyj­vn � GK_v ïb‡Z cvb| wZwb †ewi‡q Av‡mb| Zuvi cweÎ gyLgÊj †µv‡a jvj n‡q hvq, †hb
Zuvi gyLgʇj †e`vbvi im Qwo‡q †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| wZwb e‡jb, †Zvgv‡`i wK Giƒc Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q †h Avj­vni
wKZv‡ei GK Ask‡K Ab¨ As‡ki wecix‡Z `uvo Kiv‡e? †Zvgv‡`i c~e©eZ©x D¤§vZ¸wj Giƒc Kivi Kvi‡YB weåvš— n‡q‡Q|
†Zvgv‡`i KvR GwU bq| †Zvgv‡`i‡K wK Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zv †`L Ges Zv cvjb Ki| hv †Zvgv‡`i wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q
Zv eR©b Ki|Ó 973
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Ave~ Dgvgv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
َل�ﺩ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﺘﻭُﺃ ﻻِﺇ
�ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﺎﹶﻜ ﻯ�ﺩ�ﻫ �ﺩ�ﻌ�ﺒ �ﻡ�ﻭﹶﻗ ﱠل�ﻀ ﺎ�ﻤ
Ò†Kv‡bv RvwZ †n`vqvZ cÖvß nIqvi c‡i weåvš— nIqvi GKwUB KviY Zv n‡jv Zviv weZ‡K©i wjß nq|Ó 974
6. 4. wefw³i ¯^iƒc I weåvwš—i welqvw`
6. 4. 1. BdwZiv‡Ki †cÖvcU
B‡Zvc~‡e© D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, mvnvexM‡Yi cieZ©x cÖR‡b¥i gvbyl‡`i g‡a¨ BdwZiv‡Ki D‡b¥l N‡U| wek¦v‡mi †‡Î
mvnvexMY ivm~jyj­vn � †_‡K hv wKQz ï‡b‡Qb †Kv‡bviƒc wØav, cÖkœ, ¯^iƒc wbY©q ev cÖK…wZ wba©viY e¨wZ‡i‡K Zv meB me©vš—
Ki‡Y wek¦vm K‡i‡Qb|
Bmjv‡gi e¨vcK cÖmv‡ii gva¨‡g Bivb, BivK, wgmi, wmwiqv BZ¨vw` †`‡ki AMwYZ gvbyl Bmjvg ag© MÖnY K‡ib|
G‡`i A‡b‡KB mvnvex‡`i mvnPvh© jvf Ki‡Z cv‡ib wb| d‡j Bmjv‡gi g~j †cÖiYv I wek¦vm AR©‡bi †‡Î Zv‡`i g‡a¨
`ye©jZv we`¨gvb _v‡K| GQvov Zv‡`i c~e©eZ©x a‡g©i wewfbœ gZvgZ, weZK© I Zv‡`i mgv‡R cÖPwjZ wewfbœ hyw³, `vk©wbK
gZvgZ BZ¨vw` Zv‡`i gb-gMR‡K Av”Qbœ K‡i iv‡L| G¸wji wfwˇZB Zviv Bmjvgx wek¦v‡mi wewfbœ w`K wb‡q weZK© I
ch©v‡jvPbv ïi“ K‡ib Ges bZzb bZzb gZvgZ cÖKvk Ki‡Z _v‡Kb|
G¸wji cvkvcvwk gymwjg D¤§vni ivR‰bwZK gZ‡f`I BdwZiv‡Ki GKwU †cvcU iPbv K‡i| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi
c~‡e© Avie †`‡k †Kv‡bv ivóªe¨e¯’vi Aw¯—Z¡ wQj bv| Avi‡ei gvby‡li eskZvwš¿K Kexjv cÖ_vi Aax‡b emevm Ki| wZwbB
cÖ_g Z_vq AvaywbK ivóªe¨e¯’vi cÖPjb K‡ib| G wel‡q wZwb A‡bK wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb K‡ib| Z‡e wel‡qi bZzb‡Z¡i I
RwUjZvi Kvi‡Y G wel‡q mvnvexM‡Yi g‡a¨ BLwZjvd ev gZ‡f` m„wó n‡jI Zv HKg‡Z¨i gva¨‡g mgvavb nq| ivm~jyj­vn
�-Gi Idv‡Zi c‡i Ave~ evKi (iv)-Gi Ljxdv wbe©vPb, Dg‡ii (iv) wbe©vPb, Dmgv‡bi (iv) wbe©vPb, Avjx (iv)-Gi
wbe©vPb BZ¨vw` meB gZ‡f‡`i ci HK¨g‡Zi gva¨‡g mgvavb nq| Avgiv cieZ©x Av‡jvPbv †_‡K †`Le †h, Avjx (iv)-Gi
mg‡q ivR‰bwZK wel‡q wKQz gZ‡f` hy‡×i ch©v‡q †M‡jI Zv ÔBdwZivKÕ ev wefw³i ch©v‡q hvq wb|
wKš‘ mvnvexM‡Yi cieZ©x cÖR‡b¥i gvby‡li Rb¨ G mKj gZ‡f` wefw³i Ab¨Zg KviY wQj| AÁZv, AccÖPvi,

c~e©eZ©x a‡g©i cÖfve BZ¨vw` wewfbœ Kvi‡Y G mKj ivR‰bwZK gZ‡f` BdwZivK ev wefw³ m„wóKvix‡`i nvwZqv‡i cwiYZ
nq|
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, bZzb cÖR‡b¥i gywmjg‡`i g‡a¨ AÁZv, c~e©eZ©x a‡g©i cÖfve, cÖPwjZ `k©b ev AvPvi-
AvPi‡Yi cÖfve, ivR‰bwZK gZ‡f`, AccÖPvi BZ¨vw` BdwZivK ev wdiKv I `jv`wji †cÖvcU ˆZwi K‡i| G †cÖvc‡U
cÖ_g wnRix kZ‡Ki gvSvgvwS †_‡KB wdiKvmg~n cÖKvk †c‡Z _v‡K| Avjx (iv)-Gi †mbvevwnbxi ga¨ †_‡K `ywU `j Giƒc
wefw³i I weåvwš—i ïi“ K‡i (1) LvwiRxMY Ges (2) kxqvMY| mg‡qi AveZ©‡b µgvš^‡q G‡`i weåvwš— I wefw³ e„w×
†c‡Z _v‡K| G‡`i wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨I wefw³ evo‡Z _v‡K|
cÖ_g wnRix kZvãxi †klfvM †_‡K bZzb weåvwš— I wefw³ cÖKvk †c‡Z _v‡K| Kv`vixqv, Rvnwgq¨vn, gyiwRqv, Rvevwiqv,
gyZvwhjv BZ¨vw` gZev` AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡i|
6. 4. 2. ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi eskai‡`i fvjevmv I gh©v`v
gymwjg D¤§vni wefw³i Ab¨Zg welq ÔAvnj~j evBZÕ ev ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi eskai‡`i wel‡q D¤§v‡Zi `vwqZ¡ I
wek¦v‡mi cwiwa wb‡q| Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q wimvjv‡Zi wek¦v‡mi Av‡jvPbv cÖm‡½ ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Avnjy evBZ I
mvnvexM‡Yi wel‡q KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wb‡`©kbv †`‡LwQ| G mKj wb‡`‡k©i Av‡jv‡K mvnvexMY I Zuv‡`i Abymvix g~javivi
ZvweqxMY ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi es‡ki gvbyl‡`i m¤§vb K‡i‡Qb, fvj‡e‡m‡Qb I fw³ K‡i‡Qb| cvkvcvwk `xb eySv I cvj‡bi
†‡Î KziAvb Kvixg I mybœv‡Zi beexi Dci wbf©i K‡i‡Qb| bex-es‡ki Rb¨ †Kv‡bv we‡kl ÔcweÎZvÕ ev AwaKvi cÖ`vb
K‡ib wb| bex-es‡ki gvby‡livI KL‡bvB Giƒc wKQz `vwe K‡ib wb|
Dmgvb (iv)-Gi wLjvd‡Zi mgq †_‡K G wel‡q wewfbœ weåvwš— cÖPvwiZ n‡Z _v‡K, hv cieZ©xKv‡j wefw³‡Z iƒcvš—
wiZ nq| Dmgvb (iv)-Gi wLjvdvZKv‡j Avãyj­vn Beby mvev bvgK GKRb Bn~`x Bmjvg MÖn‡Yi `vwe K‡i| G e¨w³ I Zvi
AbymvixMY ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi eskai‡`i gh©v`v, gZv, we‡klZ Avjx Beby Avex Zvwje (iv)-Gi gh©v`v, we‡kl Ávb,
we‡kl gZv, A‡jŠwKKZ¡, Zv‡K gZvq emv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv BZ¨vw` wel‡q I Dmgvb Beby Avddvb (iv)-Gi wb›`vq
AMwYZ K_v ej‡Z _v‡K| G me wel‡q AwaKvsk K_v Zviv ej‡Zv hyw³Z‡K©i gva¨‡g| Avevi wKQz K_v Zviv AvKv‡i-
Bw½‡Z ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi bv‡gI evwb‡q ej‡Z _v‡K|
3q-4_© wnRix kZ‡Ki Ab¨Zg dKxn, gynvwÏm I HwZnvwmK Avj­vgv gynv¤§v` Beby Rvixi Zvevix (310 wn) 35 wnRixi
NUbv Av‡jvPbv Kv‡j e‡jb, Avãyj­vn Beby mvev Bqvgv‡bi Bû`x wQj| Dmgvb (iv) Gi mg‡q †m Bmjvg MÖnY K‡i| Gici
wewfbœ kn‡i I Rbc‡` Ny‡i Ny‡i wewfbœ weåvwš—g~jK K_v cÖPvi Ki‡Z _v‡K| wnRvR, emiv, K‚dv I wmwiqvq †Zgb myweav Ki‡Z
cv‡i bv| ZLb †m wgk‡i Mgb K‡i| †m cÖPvi Ki‡Z _v‡K: AevK jv‡M Zvi K_v fve‡Z †h Cmv (Av) cybivq c„w_ex‡Z AvMgb
Ki‡eb e‡j wek¦vm K‡i, A_P gynv¤§v` (�) cybivq c„w_ex‡Z AvMgb Ki‡eb e‡j wek¦vm K‡i bv| .... nvRv‡iv bex P‡j
wM‡q‡Qb| cÖ‡Z¨K bex Zuvi D¤§‡Zi GKRb‡K Imxq‡Zi gva¨‡g `vwqZ¡ cÖ`vb K‡i wM‡q‡Qb| gynv¤§v` �-Gi cÖ`Ë ImxqZ I
`vwqZ¡ cÖvß e¨w³ Avjx Beby Avex Zvwje| ... gynv¤§v` � †kl bex Ges Avjx †kl ImxqZ cÖvß `vwqZ¡kxj|... †h e¨w³ ivm~jyj­vn
�-Gi ImxqZ I `vwqZ¡ cÖ`vb‡K †g‡b wbj bv, eis wb‡RB gZv wb‡q wbj, Zvi †P‡q eo hvwjg Avi †K n‡Z cv‡i| ... 975
G mKj wg_¨vPv‡ii wfwˇZ ÔAvnjy evBZÕ-Gi fvjevmv I AwaKv‡ii bv‡g kxqvM‡Yi wefw³ cÖKvk cvq| Zviv `vwe
K‡i †h, ivóªe¨e¯’v I kvmbgZv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi eskai wn‡m‡e Avjx (iv) I Zuvi eskai‡`i cvIbv Ges Zuv‡`i gZv
I AwaKv‡i wek¦vm, Zuv‡`i wb®úvc‡Z¡ wek¦vm, Zuv‡`i A‡jŠwKK gZv, MvBex Ávb I Acvw_©e AwaKv‡i wek¦vm Bmjvgx
AvKx`vi Ask|
6. 4. 3. Cgv‡bi msÁv I cvcxi Cgvb
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© wewfbœ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K †`‡LwQ †h, KziAv‡b cvc, Ryjg, Kzdi BZ¨vw` kã KwVb wb›`v I weåvwš—i A‡_©
e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avj­vni weavb Agvb¨Kvix‡`i‡K Kvwdi ejv n‡q‡Q| cvcx‡`i Abš— Rvnvbœvg ev‡mi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| G mKj
AvqvZ †_‡K evn¨Z eySv †h‡Z cv‡i †h, cvc, wdm&K, Ryjg I Kzd‡ii GKB cwiYwZ, Zv n‡jv Abš— Rvnvbœvg evm| G †_‡K †KD
`vwe Ki‡Z cv‡ib †h, Kg© Cgv‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask| wek¦vm hZB wVK _vK, hw` K‡g©i †‡Î †Kv‡bv NvUwZ †`Lv †`q Z‡e Zv
Cgv‡bi NvUwZ e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e Ges Giƒc e¨w³ Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
cvš—‡i KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi ejv n‡q‡Q †h, wkiK Qvov mKj cvc Avj­vn B”Qv Ki‡j gv K‡ib| KwVb Kexiv
†Mvbv‡n wjß gvbyl‡`i‡K KziAv‡b ÔgywgbÕ e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| AMwYZ mnxn nv`x‡m cvcx gywg‡bi kvw¯—‡fv‡Mi c‡i Rvbœv‡Z
Mg‡bi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi kvdvÔAv‡Zi Kvi‡Y Kexiv †MvbvnKvix gywgb e¨w³ gyw³jvf Ki‡e e‡j wewfbœ nv`x‡m
D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| G mKj AvqvZ I nv`xm †_‡K evn¨Z eySv hvq †h, Avgj ev K‡g©i mv‡_ Cgvb ev wek¦vm Awe‡”Q`¨fv‡e
RwoZ bq| wek¦vm ev Cgvb wVK _vK‡j Kexiv †Mvbv‡n wjß e¨w³I Rvbœv‡Z hv‡e|
mvnvexMY G mKj AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi wb‡`©k me©vš—Ki‡Y †g‡b wb‡q‡Qb I wek¦vm K‡i‡Qb| Dfq cÖKv‡ii AvqvZ I
nv`x‡mi g‡a¨ †h †Kv‡bviƒc ˆecixZ¨ Av‡Q †m K_v Zuviv KL‡bv Kíbv K‡ib wb| G wel‡q Zuviv †Kv‡bv cÖkœI K‡ib wb| KviY
Dfq A‡_©i g‡a¨ mivmwi †Kv‡bv msNl© †bB Ges Dfq A_©B gvbweK eyw× I Áv‡b MÖnY‡hvM¨| Kv‡RB G welq wb‡q cÖkœ bv K‡i
257

gywgb wb‡Ri `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i hv‡e|
wKš‘ wØZxq cÖR‡b¥i †KD †KD welqwU wb‡q cÖkœ DÌvcb K‡ib| gymwjg D¤§vni wefw³i Ab¨Zg cÖkœ wQj GwU| cÖv_wgK
kxqvM‡Yi c‡i gymwjg D¤§vni cÖ_g wdiKv LvwiRxMY KziAv‡bi wKQz Avqv‡Zi evwn¨K A‡_©i wfwˇZ `vwe K‡i †h, gymwjg cv‡c
wjß n‡j †m Kvwdi ev Cgvb nviv n‡q hvq| Zv‡`i g‡Z Bmjv‡gi Abykvmb AbymiY Kiv Cgv‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask| Kv‡RB †h
e¨w³ Bmjv‡gi †Kv‡bv Abykvmb j•Nb K‡i †m Cgvbnviv ev Kvwd‡i cwiYZ nq| Cgvb I Kzd‡ii gv‡S Avi †Kv‡bv ga¨g Ae¯’v
†bB| Kv‡RB hvi Cgv‡bi cyY©Zv bó n‡e †m Kvwd‡i cwiYZ n‡e| 976
Avjx (iv)-Gi wLjvdZKv‡j 37 wnRix mvj †_‡K LvwiRx weåvwš— I wefw³i D‡b¥l N‡U Ges µgvš^‡q weKwkZ nq|
cieZ©xKv‡j gyZvwhjvMYI LvwiRx‡`i Abyiƒc gZ MÖnY K‡i|
Gi wecix‡Z gyiwRqv m¤cÖ`v‡qi D¢e nq, Zviv `vwe K‡i †h, Cgvb I Bmjvg m¤ú~Y© c„_K welq| Cgvb ev wek¦vm
hw` wVK _v‡K Zvn‡j †Kv‡bv †Mvbv‡ni Kvi‡YB †Kv‡bv Amyweav n‡e bv| Bmjv‡gi Abykvmb gvbyK A_ev bvB gvbyK, mKj
gywgbB mivmwi RvbœvZx n‡e|
6. 4. 4. ivóª-e¨e¯’v I BgvgZ
LvwiRx‡`i gZvg‡Zi GKwU we‡kl w`K wQj Ôivóª e¨e¯’vÕ I ivóª cÖavb| Bmjv‡g ivóªxq I ag©xq ÔBgvgZÕ ev †bZ…Z¡
GKm~‡Î euvav| ivóªcÖavbB mvjv‡Zi BgvgwZ K‡ib, Bgvg wba©viY K‡ib Ges wRnv` I Ab¨vb¨ ag©xq wel‡q †bZ…Z¡ †`b|
†h‡nZz cvcx e¨w³ gywgb bq, †m‡nZz †m Bgvg n‡Z cv‡i bv ev ivóª-cÖavbI n‡Z cv‡i bv| G Kvi‡Y Zviv cvcx ivóªcÖav‡bi
wei“‡× we‡`ªvn, Zv‡K AcmviY I †m Rb¨ hy× I A¯¿aviY Kiv‡K Cgvbx `vwqZ¡ e‡j MY¨ K‡i| G `vwq‡Z¡ Ae‡njv Kiv ev
cvcx ivóªcÖav‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡i ¯^xK…wZ‡K Zviv Kzdix e‡j MY¨ K‡i|
kxqvMYI LvwiRx‡`i Abyiƒc gZ MÖnY K‡i| m‡e©v”P ZvKIqv m¤úbœ wb®úvc e¨w³‡K Z_v Avjx (iv)-Gi es‡ki
Bgvg‡`i‡K Bgvg ev ivóªxq I ag©xq †bZv wb‡qvM Kiv ev ivóª gZvq emv‡bv‡K Bmjvgx AvKx`vi Ask g‡b K‡i| mvnvexMY I
Zuv‡`i Abymvix mvaviY gymwjgM‡Yi mv‡_ G wel‡q Zv‡`i †gŠwjK gZ‡f` I wefw³ m„wó nq|
6. 4. 5. ZvK`xi ebvg gvby‡li ¯^vaxb B”Qv
Bmjv‡gi ZvK`x‡i wek¦vm m¤ú‡K© Avgiv PZz_© Aa¨v‡q we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| GLv‡b ms‡‡c Avgiv ej‡Z
cvwi †h, KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h gnvb Avj­vn me©Ávbx, me©Á| †Kv‡bv m„wói Áv‡bi mv‡_ Avj­vni
Áv‡bi Zzjbv nqbv| m„wói Av‡MB wZwb we‡k¦i mKj welq †Kv_vq wKfv‡e msNwUZ n‡e meB Rv‡bb| KziAvb Kvix‡g Av‡iv
D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, gnvb Avj­vn Zuvi Abvw`, Abš—, Amxg I me©e¨vcx Ávb ÔwKZv‡e gyexbÕ (my¯úó wKZve) ev ÔjvI‡n
gvndz‡RÕ (msiwZ c‡Î) wj‡L †i‡L‡Qb| KziAvb Kvixg evisevi †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, gnvb Avj­vn mewKQz wba©viY K‡i
m„wó K‡i‡Qb Ges Zuvi gnvb B”Qvi evB‡i wKQzB N‡U bv|
Avevi KziAvb †_‡K Avgiv gvby‡li wb‡Ri K‡g©i Rb¨ `vqe×Zvi K_v Rvb‡Z cvwi| Bmjvgx g~j¨‡ev‡ai wfwËB †h, gvbyl
Zvi wb‡Ri Kg©d‡ji Rb¨ `vqx| gnvb Avj­vn Ki“Yvgq I b¨vqwePviK, wZwb Kv‡iv Dci Ryjyg Ki‡eb bv| eis cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Zvi
K‡g©i cyi¯‹vi I kvw¯— cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|
mvnvexMY G mKj AvqvZ I G welqK mKj nv`xm me©vš—Ki‡Y wek¦vm K‡i‡Qb| G¸wji g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv ˆecixZ¨ Zuviv
Kíbv K‡ib wb| wKš‘ wØZxq cÖRb¥ †_‡K wKQz gvbyl G wel‡q ˆecixZ¨ Kíbv Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i| cÖ_g wnRix kZ‡Ki †klfvM
†_‡K wKQz gvbyl ej‡Z ïi“ K‡i †h, ZvK`xi ev Avj­vni Bjg, wjLbx ev wba©viY e‡j wKQy †bB| Zv‡`i g‡Z ZvK`x‡ii
wek¦vm Avj­vni Bbmvd I b¨vqcivqYZvi we‡ivax| µgvš^‡q G gZwU GKwU Ô`jÕ ev wdiKvq cwiYZ nq| G‡`i ÔKv`ixqvÕ
ejv nq| cieZ©xKv‡j gyZvwhjvMYI Abyiƒc gZ MÖnY K‡i|
G g‡Zi wecix‡Z GK`j gvbyl ej‡Z _v‡K †h, gvby‡li ¯^vaxb B”Qv e‡j wKQz †bB| K‡ji cyZz‡ji gZB †m Kg©
K‡i| G‡`i ÔRvevwiq¨vnÕ ejv nq|
6. 4. 6. Avj­vni we‡klY: wek¦vm, Awek¦vm I e¨vL¨v
BdwZiv‡Ki Ab¨Zg welq wQj gnvb Avj­vni wmdvZ ev Kg© I we‡klY| cÖvPxb Kvj †_‡KB gnvb Avj­vni Aw¯—Z¡ Ges
mªóv I cÖwZcvjK wn‡m‡e Zuvi GKZ¡ ev ZvInx‡`i wel‡q AwaKvsk ag©, m¤cÖ`vq I gvbe‡Mvôx cÖvq GKgZ| cÖvq mK‡jB
¯^xKvi I wek¦vm K‡i‡Qb †h, Abvw`-Abš— mËv wn‡m‡e Avj­vnB GKgvÎ mËv Ges G we‡k¦i GKgvÎ mªóv I cÖwZcvjK gnvb
Avj­vn| wKš‘ Zuvi mËvi cÖK…wZ, Zuvi Kg©, Zuvi we‡klY BZ¨vw` wel‡q AMwYZ gZ‡f` I wefw³i m„wó n‡q‡Q|
G mKj g‡Zi AbymvixMY ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb †h, gvbyl Zvi gvbexq Ávb, we‡eK, cÖÁv, `k©b I hyw³ w`‡q gnvb Avj­vni Aw¯—
Z¡ m¤ú‡K© wbwðZ n‡Z cv‡i| gvbyl eyS‡Z cv‡i †h, wbLyZ I ˆeÁvwbK wbq‡g m„ó, cwiPvwjZ, cwiewZ©Z I qkxj G we‡k¦i
GKRb gnvÁvbx, ˆeÁvwbK gnvgZvkxj mªóv Av‡Qb| gvbyl GI eyS‡Z cv‡i †h, mªóvi cÖK…wZ, ¯^iƒc, Kg©, we‡klY gvbexq
Bw›`ª‡qi AMg¨, KviY gvbyl hv †Kv‡bvfv‡e Bw›`ªq w`‡q Abyfe K‡iwb ev hvi Zzjbxq wKQyB Zvi Bw›`ªq ev Kíbvi g‡a¨ cÖ‡ek K‡i
wb Zv †m Bw›`ªq jä Ávb ev Kíbvq aviY Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| GiciI gnvb mªóvi cÖK…wZ, Kg© I we‡klYvw` m¤ú‡K© gvbyl `k©b,
258

Kíbv I hyw³ w`‡q A‡bK wKQz eyS‡Z †Póv K‡i‡Q Ges G wel‡q A‡b‡KB A‡bK weZK© I gZvgZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Q| G mKj
gZvgZ meB ÔA‡Üi nw¯— `k©bÕ-Gi gZB| G¸wj Aš—nxb weZK© Rb¥ w`‡q‡Q wKš‘ †Kv‡bv mgvavb w`‡Z cv‡i wb| KviY Kvi& gZwU
mwVK Zv Bw›`ªq ev gvbexq Áv‡bi Mg¨ †Kv‡bv welq w`‡q †Kv‡bvfv‡e cÖgvY Kivi †Kv‡bv Dcvq †bB| KziAvb Kvix‡g Avj­vni
Avmgv I wmdvZ ev bvg I we‡klY m¤ú‡K© g°vi Kvwdi‡`i G RvZxq wKQz weåvwš—i K_v Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Inxi mv‡_ gvbexq ÔAvKjÕ, Ávb, we‡eK I hyw³i m¤úK© I mgš^q wel‡q Bmjv‡gi w`K wb‡`©kbv Avgiv cÖ_g
Aa¨v‡q AvKx`vi Drm cÖm‡½ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| gnvb Avj­vni †h mKj wmdvZ ev Kg© I we‡kl‡Yi K_v Inxi gva¨‡g Rvbv
hvq Zv gvbexq Ávb, we‡eK ev eyw×i mv‡_ mvsNwl©K bq, A‡eva¨ bq ev Am¤¢e bq| †hgb gnvb mªóv gvbyl‡K Zvi cv‡ci
Rb¨ kvw¯— w`‡eb ev gv Ki‡eb| `ywU welqB gvbexq we‡eK I eywׇZ m¤¢e| Z‡e †Kvb&wU wKfv‡e wZwb Ki‡eb †m wel‡q
gvbexq eyw× P~ovš— wm×vš— w`‡Z cv‡i bv| GKRb nqZ ej‡eb, gnvb Avj­vn `qvgq, Kv‡RB wZwb Zvi wcÖq m„wó‡K kvw¯—
w`‡Z cv‡i bv, wZwb KvD‡K †Kv‡bv kvw¯— w`‡eb bv| Ab¨ e¨w³ nqZ ej‡eb, gnvb Avj­vn b¨vqwePviK, wZwb hw` †Kv‡bv
cvcx‡K kvw¯— bv †`b Z‡e Zv Zuvi b¨vq wePv‡ii gh©v`v zbœ K‡i| wZwb KvD‡K gv Ki‡eb bv| .... gnvb Avj­vni cÖwZwU
eyw×Mg¨ wmdvZ ev Kg© wb‡q Giƒc weZK© Kiv hvq| †h‡nZz gnvb Avj­vni wmdvZ¸wj MvBex RM‡Zi welq †m‡nZz mKj
weZK©B Aš—nxb, P~ovš— I mywbwðZ †Kv‡bv djvd‡j †cuŠQv‡bv m¤¢e bq|
G wel‡q mvnvexM‡Yi ixwZ I c×wZ wQj G mKj wel‡q Inxi gva¨‡g cÖvß Ávb me©vš—Ki‡Y wek¦vm I MÖnY Kiv Ges
Gi ¯^iƒc wbY©‡qi Rb¨ †Póv bv Kiv| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, MvBex wel‡q hyw³, ZK© ev `k©b †Kv‡bv mgvavb w`‡Z cv‡i bv|
cÖ_g wnRix kZ‡Ki †klvsk †_‡K wØZxq cÖR‡b¥ bI-gymwjg‡`i g‡a¨ G welqK cyivZb `vk©wbK I ag©xq weZK© I
weåvwš— cÖ‡ek K‡i| †KD †KD ej‡Z _v‡K gnvb Avj­vni †Kv‡bv Kg© ev we‡klY _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| KviY Zv‡Z AgyK ev
ZgyK w`K †_‡K Zvi Abvw`Z¡ bó nq ev m„wói mv‡_ Zvi Zzjbv n‡q hvq| †KD ev Ab¨ `k©b ev hyw³ w`‡q Zv‡`i Gg‡Zi
we‡ivwaZv K‡ib| cÖ‡Z¨‡K Zvi g‡Zi c‡ I we‡ivax g‡Zi wec‡ A‡bK Ôhyw³Õ †ck Ki‡Z _v‡K| Gfv‡e gnvb Avj­vni
wmdvZ ev we‡klY ¯^xKvi, A¯^xKvi, e¨vL¨v, m„wói Kg© I we‡kl‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv BZ¨vw` wb‡q gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ e¨vcK
wefw³ I weåvwš— Rb¥ †bq|
Avgiv †`‡LwQ cÖ_g wnRix kZ‡Ki †kl †_‡KB ÔKv`vwiqvÕ wdiKvi gvby‡liv ZvK`xi A¯^xKvi Kivi gva¨‡g Avj­vni Bjg
ev Ávb we‡kl‡Yi Abvw`Z¡ A¯^xKvi K‡i| G mgq †_‡K †KD †KD gnvb Avj­vn Kvjvg ev K_v ejvi we‡klY A¯^xKvi K‡ib|
KviY K_v ejv m„wói Kg©| gnvb Avj­vni †‡Î G we‡klY Av‡ivc Ki‡j Zuv‡K m„wói mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv nq| Kv‡RB Zuvi †‡Î G
we‡klY Av‡ivc Kiv hvq bv| eis Avj­vn K_v e‡j‡Qb g‡g© †h mKj AvqvZ KziAv‡b i‡q‡Q †m¸wji e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z n‡e †h, wZwb
GB A‡_©i Ávb mswk­ó e¨w³i g‡a¨ cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb, A_ev wZwb wKQz K_v m„wó K‡i D³ e¨w³‡K ïwb‡q‡Qb ... BZ¨vw`|
wØZxq wnRix kZ‡Ki ïi“i w`‡K Rvn&g Beby mvdIqvb bvgK GK e¨w³ fviZxq, MÖxK I wgmixq `k©‡bi wfwˇZ gnvb
Avj­vn‡K mKj cÖKvi wmdvZ ev we‡klY †_‡K wegy³ ev Ôwb¸©YÕ e‡j `vwe K‡i| cieZxKv‡j gyÔZvwhjxMYI gnvb Avj­vni
we‡klYmg~n A¯^xKvi I e¨vL¨v K‡i|
6. 4. 7. weåvš— wdiKvmg~‡ni ˆewkó¨
mvaviYfv‡e mKj weåvš— wdiKvi g‡a¨ wb‡gœi ˆewkó¨¸wj Kg‡ewk we`¨gvb:
(1) AvKx`v ev wek¦vm cÖgv‡Yi Rb¨ Inxi AwZwi³ wewfbœ wel‡qi Dci wbf©i Kiv| †hgb `k©b, hyw³, †Kv‡bv e¨w³i
e¨w³MZ gZvgZ, Zvdmxi, e¨vL¨v BZ¨vw`|
(2) Inxi e¨vL¨v ev Inxi A_© wbY©‡q wb‡R‡`i gZvgZ‡KB Inx e‡j g‡b Kiv Ges Zv‡K AvKx`vi wfwË evbv‡bv|
(3) AvKx`v ev wek¦vm cÖgv‡Yi †‡Î mybœvZ‡K ¸i“Z¡ bv †`Iqv|
(4) AvKx`v cÖgv‡Yi †‡Î mvnvexM‡Yi gZvgZ I wkvi ¸i“Z¡ bv †`Iqv|
(5) KziAvb, nv`xm ev mvnvexM‡Yi e³‡e¨i g‡a¨ †h mKj welq cvIqv hvq bv †m¸wj‡KI AvKx`vi welqe¯‘
evbv‡bv| mvnvexMY †h K_v e‡jb wb, ev †h AvKx`v †cvlY K‡ib wb ev †h wel‡q †Kv‡bv K_vB e‡jb wb †m mKj welq‡K
AvKx`vi g‡a¨ Aš—f©y³ Kiv|
(6) gvbexq eyw×, hyw³ ev cQ‡›`i wfwˇZ Inxi g‡a¨ hvPvB evQvB Kivi †Póv Kiv| Inxi †h welq¸wj wb‡R‡`i
`„wófw½‡Z mwVK e‡j g‡b nq †m¸wji Dci wfwË K‡i Inxi Ab¨vb¨ wkv e¨vL¨v K‡i evwZj Kiv|
(7) wb‡R‡`i gZ mg_©b Ki‡Z Inxi bv‡g wg_¨v K_v evbv‡bv|
(8) DMÖZv, wb‡Ri gZ‡KB P~ovš— mZ¨ g‡b Kiv I Ab¨ g‡Zi cÖwZ Akª×v|
(9) gZwe‡ivwaZvi Kvi‡Y Ab¨‡`i‡K ÔKvwdiÕ ejv| mKj weåvš—wdiKvi g‡a¨B gZwe‡ivaxq welqvw`i Kvi‡Y
gymwjg‡K Kvwdi ejvi †‡Î AwZ AvMÖn I e¨¯—Zv j¨ Kiv hvq| mK‡jB †Póv K‡ib wKfv‡e e¨vL¨v I hyw³i gva¨‡g
we‡ivax‡`i‡K Kvwdi e‡j cÖgvY Kiv hvq|
6. 5. Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi cwiPq
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ †h, ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Idv‡Zi ci Aa© kZvãx cvi bv n‡ZB bZzb
259

cÖR‡b¥i gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ weåvwš— I wefw³i D‡b¥l N‡U| Z‡e G‡`i msL¨v wQj AwZ bMY¨| mvaviY gymwjgMY
mvnvexM‡Yi AbymiY Ki‡Zb| we‡kl K‡i mvnvexM‡Yi mvnPvh© jvfKvix ZvweqxMY my`„pfv‡e mvnvexM‡Yi c_ AbymiY
Ki‡Zb| KziAvb I mybœvn AbymiY I Abyave‡bi †‡Î mvnvexM‡Yi gZvgZ‡K Zviv m‡Z¨i gvcKvwV e‡j MY¨ Ki‡Zb|
mvnvexMY hv e‡jb wb ev K‡ib wb Zv ejv ev Kiv Zuviv Ab¨vq g‡b Ki‡Zb| Zuviv G mKj weåvwš— I wefw³ m„wóKvix‡`i‡K
ÔAvnjyj we`ÔAvZÕ ev Ôwe`ÔAvZ cš’xÕ e‡j AwfwnZ Ki‡Zb|
cÖwm× Zvweqx Avj­vgv gynv¤§v` Beby wmixb (g„Zz¨ 110wn) e‡jb:
ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺭﹶﻅﹾﻨ�ﻴ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﺜﻴ�ﺩ�ﺤ ﹸﺫﹶﺨْﺅ�ﻴﹶﻓ �ﺔﱠﻨ�ﺴﻟﺍ ِل�ﻫَﺃ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺭﹶﻅﹾﻨ�ﻴﹶﻓ �ﻡﹸﻜﹶﻟﺎ�ﺠﹺﺭ ﺎﹶﻨﹶﻟ ﺍﻭ�ﻤ�ﺴ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ ﹸﺔﹶﻨﹾﺘ�ﻔﹾﻟﺍ ﹾﺕ�ﻌﹶﻗ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻤﹶﻠﹶﻓ �ﺩﺎﹶﻨ�ﺴِﻹﺍ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﻥﻭﹸﻟَﺄ�ﺴ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻨﻭﹸﻜ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ
�ﻡ�ﻬﹸﺜﻴ�ﺩ�ﺤ ﹸﺫﹶﺨْﺅ�ﻴ ﻼﹶﻓ ﹺﻉ�ﺩﹺﺒﹾﻟﺍ ِل�ﻫَﺃ
ÒZuviv (mvnvexMY) nv`x‡mi mb` ev Z_¨m~Î m¤ú‡K© †Kv‡bv cÖkœ Ki‡Zb bv| hLb (Avjx (iv)-Gi wLjvdZKv‡j 35-
40 wn) wdZbv-dvmv` N‡U †Mj ZLb Zuviv ej‡jb: †Zvgv‡`i‡K hviv nv`xm e‡j‡Qb Zv‡`i bvg D‡j­L Ki| KviY †`L‡Z
n‡e, Zviv hw` Avnjym mybœvZ ev mybœvZ cwš’M‡Yi Aš—f©y³ nb Z‡e Zv‡`i nv`xm MÖnY Kiv n‡e| Avi Zviv hw` Avnjyj
we`ÔAvZ ev we`ÔAvZ cwš’M‡Yi Aš—f©y³ nb Z‡e Zv‡`i nv`xm MÖnY Kiv n‡e bv|Ó 977
Beby wmixb cÖ_g wnRix kZ‡Ki wØZxqv‡a©i A‡bK mvnvexi mvnPvh© jvf K‡ib| GLv‡b Avgiv †`LwQ †h, G mgq †_‡KB
mvnvexMY I ZvweqxMY gymwjg D¤§vni wefw³i aviv `ywU bv‡g AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb| cÖ_g aviv ÔAvnjym mybœvZÕ I wØZxq aviv
ÔAvnjyj we`ÔAvZÕ| gymwjg D¤§vni BdwZivK ev AvKx`vMZ wefw³ eyS‡Z n‡j G cwifvlv¸wj Avgv‡`i eyS‡Z n‡e| Avgiv
GLv‡b welq¸wj ms‡‡c Av‡jvPbv KiwQ|
6. 5. 1. Avnj
Avn&j ( لـﻫﺃ) A_© cwiRb, RbMY, Abymvix (relatives, folks, people, members, followers) BZ¨vw`| Gfv‡e
Avgiv †`LwQ †h Avnjym mybœvZ A_© mybœv‡Zi RbMY ev mybœv‡Zi Abymvix Ges Avnjyj we`ÔAvZ A_© we`ÔAv‡Zi RbMY ev
we`ÔAv‡Zi Abymvix|
6. 5. 2. mybœvZ
6. 5. 2. 1. mybœv‡Zi A_© I cwiPq
B‡Zvc~‡e© Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, AvwfavwbK fv‡e ÔmybœvnÕ ev ÔmybœvZÕ k‡ãi A_©: gyL, Qwe, cÖwZ”Qwe, cÖK…wZ, Rxeb c×wZ,
Kg©aviv BZ¨vw`| Avi Bmjvgx kixq‡Z ÔmybœvZÕ A_© ivm~‡j AvKivg (�) -Gi K_v, Kg©, Aby‡gv`b ev GK K_vq Zuvi
mvgwMÖK Rxebv`k©|
6. 5. 2. 2. BwËev‡q mybœv‡Zi ¸i“Z¡
BdwZivK welqK nv`xm¸wj‡Z Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, bvRvZ, gyw³, RvbœvZ I m‡Z¨i gvcKvwV I GKgvÎ c_ Ômybœv‡Zi
AbymiYÕ| Avãyj­vn Beby gvmE` (iv) ewY©Z nv`x‡m ivm~jyj­vn � mvnvex I nvIqvix‡`i `ywU ˆewkó¨ D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb: (1)
bexi (�) mybœvZ AvuK‡o aiv I (2) Zuvi wb‡`©k AbymiY Kiv| G nv`x‡m wZwb weåvš—‡`i `ywU ˆewkó¨ D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb: (1)
gy‡Li `vwei mv‡_ K‡g©i Awgj Ges (2) Awb‡`©wkZ Kg©| Ab¨ nv`x‡m wZwb Zuvi I Zuvi mvnvexM‡Yi gZ I c‡_i Dci
_vK‡KB bvRv‡Zi gvb`Ê e‡j D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb|
Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q wimvjv‡Zi Cgvb cÖm‡½ ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi AbyKi‡Yi ¸i“Z¡ I AbyKi‡Yi e¨wZµ‡gi fqvenZv welqK
A‡bK AvqvZ I nv`xm Avgiv D‡j­L K‡iwQ Ges BwËev‡q mybœv‡Zi ¸i“Z¡ Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ| G Aa¨v‡q we`ÔAvZ cÖm‡½I Avgiv
BwËev‡q mybœv‡Zi ¸i“Z¡ Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ|
6. 5. 2. 3. mybœvZym mvnvev
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Avj­vn cÖ_g AMÖeZ©x gynvwRi I AvbmviM‡Yi wbôvi mv‡_ AbymiY Kiv‡K RvbœvZ I mdjZvi c_ e‡j
D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| ivm~jyj­vn � I mvnvexM‡Yi Kg© I g‡Zi Dci _vKv‡K nv`x‡m gyw³cÖvß `‡ji cwiPq e‡j D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q|
wefw³ I gZ‡f‡`i mgq ivm~jyj­vn � I Lyjvdv‡q ivwk`x‡bi mybœvZ AvuK‡o aivi wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| G g‡g© Av‡iv A‡bK
wb‡`©kbv KziAvb-nv`x‡m i‡q‡Q| GK nv`x‡m DZev Beby MvhIqvb (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb:
�ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨـ�ﻤ �ﻭَﺃ �ﻪـﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻲﹺﺒﹶﻨ ﺎ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﻟﺎﻗ . ﻡﻜﻨﻤ ﻥﻴﺴﻤﺨ ﺭﺠﺃ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻡﺘﻨﺃ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺫﺌﻤﻭﻴ ﻥﻬﻴﻓ ﻙﺴﻤﺘﻤﻠﻟ ،ﺭ�ﺒ�ﺼﻟﺍ ﻡﺎ�ﻴَﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜِﺌﺍ�ﺭ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥِﺇ
�ﻡﹸﻜﹾﻨ�ﻤ ْل�ﺒ َلﺎﹶﻗ
Ò†Zvgv‡`i mvg‡b i‡q‡Q ˆa‡h©i mgq, GLb †Zvgiv †h K‡g©i Dci AvQ †m mg‡q †h e¨w³ †Zvgv‡`i G c×wZ AvK‡o a‡i
_vK‡e, †m e¨w³ †Zvgv‡`i ga¨Kvi cÂvk e¨w³i mgcwigvY mvIqve jvf Ki‡e| mvnvexMY e‡jb, †n Avj­vni bex, Avgv‡`i
ga¨Kvi 50 R‡bi mvIqve bv Zv‡`i ga¨Kvi?Ó wZwb e‡jb, Òbv, eis †Zvgv‡`i ga¨Kvi 50 R‡bi mgcwigvY mvIqve|Ó 978
6. 5. 2. 4. Kg© I eR©‡bi mybœvZ
260

ÔAvnjym mybœvZÕ-Gi cwiPq eyS‡Z n‡j nv`x‡m beex‡Z Ges mvnvex I ZvweqxM‡Yi `„wófw½‡Z ÔmybœvZÕ ej‡Z Kx
eySv‡bv nq Zv Rvb‡Z n‡e| G wel‡q ÔGnBqvDm mybvbÕ MÖ‡š’ Avwg we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| GLv‡b ms‡‡c ejv hvq †h,
Kg© I eR©‡b ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi ûeû AbyKiYB mybœvZ| ivm~jyj­vn � †h K_v †hfv‡e hZUzKz e‡j‡Qb Zv †mfv‡e ZZUzKzB
ejv, †h Kg© †hfv‡e hZUzKz K‡i‡Qb †m Kg© †mfv‡e ZZUzKz Kiv Ges wZwb †h K_v e‡jb wb Zv bv ejv Ges †h KvR K‡ib
wb Zv bv KivB mybœvZ|
Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi AbyKi‡Yi e¨wZµg Kivi fqvenZv cÖm‡½ G welqK K‡qKwU nv`xm Avgiv †`‡LwQ|
Avgiv †`‡LwQ, Avãyj­vn Beby Avgi (iv)-Gi nv`x‡m wZwb e‡jb: Ò...ivm~jyj­vn � Avgv‡K †W‡K wb‡q e‡jb: Zzwg wK cÖwZw`b
†ivhv ivL? Avwg ejjvg: nuv| wZwb e‡jb: Zzwg wK mviv ivZ †R‡M bvgvh co? Avwg ejjvg: nvu| wZwb ej‡jb: wKš‘ Avwg †Zv
†ivhvI ivwL Avevi gv‡S gv‡S ev` w`B, iv‡Z bvgvh cwo Avevi NygvB, ¯¿x‡`i‡K mgq cÖ`vb Kwi| Avi †h e¨w³ Avgvi mybœvZ‡K
AcQ›` Kij Avgvi mv‡_ Zvi m¤úK© _vK‡e bv|... Gici wZwb e‡jb: cÖ‡Z¨K Av‡e‡`i K‡g©i DÏxcbvi †Rvqvi fvUv Av‡Q|
Bev`‡Zi DÏxcbv KL‡bv Zxeª nq Avevi GB ZxeªZv GK mgq †_‡g hvq, KL‡bv mybœv‡Zi w`‡K, KL‡bv we`ÔAv‡Zi w`‡K| hvi
cÖkvwš— mybœv‡Zi cÖwZ n‡e †m †n`v‡qZ cÖvß n‡e| Avi hvi cÖkvwš— Ab¨ wKQyi w`‡K n‡e †m aŸsmcÖvß n‡e|Ó
G nv`x‡m Avgiv †`L‡Z cvw”Q †h, Avãyj­vn Beby Avgi (iv) ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi †Kv‡bv ÔKg©Õ AbymiY cwiZ¨vM K‡ib wb|
ivm~jyj­vn � Zvnv¾y` Av`vq Ki‡Zb Ges Avãyj­vn (iv)-I Zuvi mybœvZ AbymiY K‡i Zvnv¾y` Av`vq Ki‡Zb| ivm~jyj­vn �
bdj wmqvg cvjb Ki‡Zb Ges Avãyj­vn (iv)-I Zuvi Abymi‡Y bdj wmqvg cvjb Ki‡Zb| †KejgvÎ c×wZMZ mvgvb¨
e¨wZµg wQj, Zv n‡jv, wZwb G `ywU †bK Kg© ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi †P‡q †ewk Ki‡Zb| ivm~jyj­vn � mvivivZ Zvnv¾y` Av`vq
Ges mvivgvm bdj wmqvg Av`vq eR©b Ki‡Zb, wKš‘ Avãyj­vn Zv Ki‡Zb| g~j Kg© mybœvZ-m¤§Z †bKKg© nIqv m‡Ë¡I K‡g©i
cvkvcvcwk eR©‡bi †‡Î ev cvj‡b I eR©‡b ûeû AbymiY bv Kivi Kvi‡Y ivm~jyj­vn � Avãyj­vn (�)-Gi K‡g© AvcwË cÖKvk
K‡i‡Qb|
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, wZb Rb mvnvex Bev`‡Zi Av‡e‡M ivm~jyj­vn � ÑGi †P‡q AwZwi³ wKQz bdj
Bev`Z Ki‡Z AvMÖn cÖKvk K‡ib| wZwb Zv‡`i‡K e‡jb: Ò†Zvgiv wK G ai‡bi K_v e‡jQ? †Zvgiv †R‡b ivL! Avwg
†Zvgv‡`i mK‡ji †P‡q Avj­vn‡K †ewk fq Kwi, ZvKIqvi w`K †_‡K Avwg †Zvgv‡`i mevi Dc‡i Ae¯’vb Kwi| Zv m‡Ë¡I
Avwg gv‡Sgv‡S bdj †ivhv ivwL, Avevi gv‡Sgv‡S †ivhv ivLv cwiZ¨vM Kwi| iv‡Z wKQy mgq Zvnv¾y` Av`vq Kwi Ges wKQy
mgq NygvB| Avwg weevn K‡iwQ, ¯¿x‡`i‡K mgq cÖ`vb Kwi| †h e¨w³ Avgvi mybœvZ AcQ›` Kij Zvi mv‡_ Avgvi †Kv‡bv
m¤úK© †bB|Ó
G nv`x‡mI G mKj mvnvex ivm~jyj­vn � hv eR©b K‡ib Zv Avj­vni mš‘wói Rb¨ Ki‡Z AvMÖn cÖKvk K‡ib| GRb¨ wZwb
Zv‡`i‡K KwVbfv‡e wb‡la K‡ib|
Zvweqx Ave~ Iqvwqj e‡jb, Avwg cweÎ Kvev M„‡ni wL`gZ I msi‡Yi `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ mvnvex kvBev Beby Dmgvb
(iv)-Gi wbKU e‡mwQjvg| wZwb e‡jb,
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤ�ﻠـ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﺎ�ﻬﹸﺘ�ﻤ�ﺴﹶﻗ ﻻِﺇ �ﺀﺎ�ﻀ�ﻴ�ﺒ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﺀﺍ�ﺭﹾﻔ�ﺼ ﺎ�ﻬﻴ�ﻓ �ﻉ�ﺩَﺃ ﻻ �ﻥَﺃ ﹸﺕ�ﻤ�ﻤ�ﻫ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻟ : َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﺍﹶﺫ�ﻫ �ﻙ�ﺴ�ﻠ�ﺠ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻲﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺱﹶﻠ�ﺠ
ﺎ�ﻤﹺﻬﹺﺒ ﻯ�ﺩﹶﺘﹾﻘ�ﻴ ﹺﻥﺍ�ﺀ�ﺭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻫ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻙﺎ�ﺒ�ﺤﺎ�ﺼ �ﻪﹾﻠ�ﻌﹾﻔ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ ﹸﺕﹾﻠﹸﻗ �ﻡِﻟ َلﺎﹶﻗ ٍل�ﻋﺎﹶﻔﹺﺒ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤ ﹸﺕﹾﻠﹸﻗ
ÒZzwg †hLv‡b e‡mQ, Dgvi (iv) Z_vq e‡m ej‡jb: ÔAvwg wm×vš— wb‡qwQ †h, Kvev N‡ii g‡a¨ hyMhyM a‡i msiwZ hZ
¯^Y© I †iŠc¨ i‡q‡Q Zv †Kv‡bv wKQzB Avwg ivLe bv, eis Zv meB Avwg gymwjg‡`i g‡a¨ eÈb K‡i †`e|Õ Avwg ejjvg, ÔAvcwb
Zv Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv|Õ wZwb ej‡jb: Ô‡Kb?Õ Avwg ejjvg, ÔKviY Avcbvi m½xØq (ivm~jyj­vn � Ges Ave~ evKi �) Zv K‡ib
wb|Õ wZwb ej‡jb: Ônü v, ZuvivB †m `yB gvbyl hv‡`i‡K AbymiY-AbyKiY Ki‡Z n‡e|Ó 979
GLv‡b Dgvi (iv) AbymiY-AbyKiY Kiv ej‡Z Ôbv-KivÕ-q ev ÔeR©b KivÕ-q AbymiY AbyKiY Kiv eySv‡”Qb| Zuvi
m½xØq, A_©vr ivm~jyj­vn � Ges Ave~ evK&i � wKQzB K‡ib wb| Kvev N‡ii g‡a¨ hyM hyM a‡i gvby‡li `vb, gvbZ BZ¨vw`i
¯^Y©-†iŠc¨ msiwZ wQj| ivm~jyj­vn � G¸wji wel‡q wKQzB K‡ib wb| †hgb wQj †Zgwb †i‡L w`‡q‡Qb| wZwb G¸wj eÈb
K‡ib wb Ges Ki‡Z wb‡laI K‡ib wb| G wel‡q wZwb †Kv‡bv wKQz Kiv †_‡K weiZ †_‡K‡Qb| Ave~ evKi �-I GKBfv‡e
P‡j wM‡q‡Qb| Dgvi (iv)-Gi AwaKvi wQj G wel‡q wm×vš— MÖnY Kivi| wZwb G wel‡q wKQz Kivi †P‡q †Kv‡bv wKQz Kiv
eR©b K‡i Zuv‡`i ÔAbymiYÕ ev BwËev I BKwZ`v Kiv DËg e‡j g‡b K‡i‡Qb|
G †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, Kg© Ges eR©b DfqB mybœvZ| K‡g©i †‡Î †hgb ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi ûeû AbyKiY Kiv
mybœvZ, †Zgwb eR©‡bi †‡ÎI Zuvi AbyKiY KivB mybœvZ| GgbwK †h wel‡q wZwb †Kv‡b AvcwË ev wb‡la K‡ib wb, ïay eR©b
K‡i‡Qb †m wel‡qI AbyKiY ej‡Z eR©b KivB eySvq| wZwb hv K‡ib wb Ges wb‡laI K‡ib wb Zv Kiv A‰ea bvI n‡Z cv‡i,
Z‡e Zv Ki‡j AbyKiY Kiv nq bv|
Zvweqx bvwdÔ (ivn) e‡jb :
261

�ﺩـ�ﻤ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ ُلﻭﹸﻗَﺃ ﺎﹶﻨَﺃ�ﻭ : �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻋ �ﻥ�ﺒﺍ َلﺎﹶﻗ ،�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ
ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﻼ�ﺴﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ �ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ َلﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﺭ�ﻤ�ﻋ ﹺﻥ�ﺒﺍ ﹺﺏﹾﻨ�ﺠ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ �ﺱﹶﻁ�ﻋ ﻼ�ﺠ�ﺭ �ﻥﺇ
ﻰـﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ
�ﺩ�ﻤ�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ َلﻭﹸﻘﹶﻨ �ﻥَﺃ ( ﺎﹶﻨ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ �ﺱﹶﻁ�ﻋ ﺍﹶﺫِﺇ )
262
ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤﱠﻠ�ﻋ � �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ُلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﺎﹶﻨ�ﻤﱠﻠ�ﻋ ﺍﹶﺫﹶﻜ�ﻫ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ
�ﻥ�ﻜﻟ �ﻭ
�ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻡﻼ�ﺴﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠِﻟ
ٍلﺎ�ﺤ ﱢلﹸﻜ
ÒGK e¨w³ Beby Dg‡ii (iv) cv‡k e‡m nuvwP †`q Ges e‡j: ÔAvj-nvg`y wjj­vn, I Avm mvjvgy Avjv ivm~wjj­vn
(cÖksmv Avj­vni Rb¨ Ges Avj­vni ivm~‡ji Dci mvjvg)|Õ ZLb Beby Dgi (iv) e‡jb, AvwgI ewj: ÔAvj-nvg`ywjj­vn
Iqvm mvjvgy Avjv ivm~wjj­vnÕ, Z‡e ivm~jyj­vn& � Avgv‡`i‡K (nuvwP w`‡j) Gfv‡e †`vqv co‡Z †kLvbwb, wZwb Avgv‡`i‡K
wkwL‡q‡Qb †h, Avgiv nuvwP w`‡j eje: ÒAvjnvg`y wjj­vn Avjv Kzwj­ nvj (mKj Ae¯’vq cÖksmv Avj­vni)|Ó 980
GLv‡b jYxq †h, ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi Dci mvjvZ (`i“`) I mvjvg cvV Kiv Bmjv‡gi Ab¨Zg Bev`Z| Bn‡jŠwKZ
eiKZ I cvi‡jŠwKK gyw³ I gh©v`vi Rb¨ Zv Ab¨Zg gva¨g| G wel‡q A‡bK nv`x‡m we‡kl wb‡`©kbv I Drmvn †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|
mvnvev‡q †Kivg m`v me©`v mvjvZ I mvjvg cvV Ki‡Z fvjevm‡Zb| Zuviv GKv‡š—, mgv‡e‡k me©`v cÖ‡Z¨‡K e¨w³MZfv‡e wb‡Ri
g‡Zv mvjvZ I mvjvg co‡Zb| mvjvZ I mvjvg cv‡Vi GZ †ewk gh©v`v I mvIqve Ges GZ †ewk wb‡`©k _vKv m‡Ë¡I mvnvex
Beby Dgi †Kb nuvwPi c‡i mvjvg cvV Aby‡gv`b Ki‡Qb bv? Zvn‡j wK †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv mg‡q mvjvZ I mvjvg cvV wb‡la K‡i‡Qb
ivm~jyj­vn �? Zvn‡j wK nuvwPi c‡i `i“` ev mvjvg cvV wbwl×? Zv KL‡bvB bq| GLv‡b Beby Dgvi (iv) mybœv‡Zi cwic~Y©
AbymiY ev Kg© I eR©‡b ûeû Abymi‡Yi w`‡K `„wó AvKl©Y Ki‡Qb| Avj­vni nvg` cvV I ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Dci mvjvg cvV
GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Bev`Z| gywgb me©`v Zv cvjb Ki‡eb| Z‡e nuvwPi `yÔAv wn‡m‡e ivm~jyj­vn � mvjvg cvV †kLvb wb| wZwb G
mg‡q mvjvg cvV eR©b K‡i‡Qb| Kv‡RB G `yÔAvi g‡a¨ Zv eR©b KivB mybœvZ|
Zvweqx gyRvwn` (ivn) e‡jb: Avwg Avãyj­vn Beby Dg‡ii (iv) m‡½ wQjvg| Ggb mg‡q GK e¨w³ †hvni ev Avm‡ii
mvjv‡Zi Rb¨ WvKvWvwK Kij| ZLb wZwb ej‡jb :
ﹲﺔـ�ﻋ�ﺩـﹺﺒ �ﻩ�ﺫـ�ﻫ �ﻥِﺈـ ﹶﻓ ﺎﹶﻨـﹺﺒ �ﺝ�ﺭـﹾﺨﺍ
ÒGLvb †_‡K †ewi‡q Pj, KviY GwU GKwU we`ÔAvZ|Ó 981
ivm~jyj­vn � -Gi mg‡q mvjv‡Zi Rb¨ ïay Avhvb cÖ`vb Kiv n‡Zv| G‡ZB mKj gymjgvb gmwR‡` G‡m Dcw¯’Z
n‡Zb| cieZx© wKQy eQi c‡i †`Lv †Mj A‡bK GjvKvq gvby‡liv mvjv‡Z Avm‡Z Ae‡njv Ki‡Q| ZLb A‡bK AvMÖnx
gyqvw¾b Avhv‡bi wKQyY c‡i Avevi WvKvWvwK Ki‡Zb ev Rvgv‡Zi mgq n‡q †M‡Q e‡j †NvlYv Ki‡Zb| Avhv‡bi c‡i
WvKvWvwK Ki‡Z ivm~jyj­vn � wb‡la K‡ib wb| Z‡e wZwb Zv eR©b K‡i‡Qb| nqZ A‡bK hyw³ w`‡q ejv †hZ, wZwb AgyK
Kvi‡Y Zv eR©b K‡i‡Qb, eZ©gv‡b AgyK Kvi‡Y Zv Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| wKš‘ mvnvexMY G mKj hyw³i wfZ‡i bv †h‡q Kg© I
eR©‡b Zuvi ûeû AbyKiY cQ›` Ki‡Zb Ges AwZwi³ Kg©‡K we`ÔAvZ e‡j N„Yv Ki‡Zb| mvnvex‡`i Kv‡Q eo n‡jv ivm~‡j
AvKivg � -Gi ixwZ| Zuvi evB‡i Zuviv GKUzI †h‡Z ivwR wQ‡jb bv|
Avãyj­vn Beby AveŸvm ivw`qvj­vû Avbûgv e‡j‡Qb :
ﹺﺭ�ﻭ
�ﺩﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻓ
�ﻲ�ﺘ
ﱠﻟﺍ �ﺩﹺﺠﺎ
�ﺴ�ﻤ
ﹾﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻓ
ﹶﻑﺎﹶﻜ
�ﺘ�ﻋﻻﺍ
ﹺﻉ�ﺩ
ﹺﺒﹾﻟﺍ
�ﻥ�ﻤ
�ﻥِﺇ
�ﻭ ،�ﻉ�ﺩ
ﹺﺒﹾﻟﺍ
ﻰﹶﻟﺎ�ﻌ
ﹶﺘ ِﷲﺍ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ
ﹺﺭ�ﻭ
�ﻤُﻷﺍ
ﹺﺽﹶﻐ
�ﺒَﺃ
�ﻥ�ﻤ
�ﻥِﺇ
ÒAvj­vni Kv‡Q me‡P‡q N„wYZ welq n‡jv we`ÔAvZ| Avi G mKj we`ÔAv‡Zi g‡a¨ GKwU n‡jv evwoi g‡a¨ †h
mvjv‡Zi ¯’vb ev N‡ivqv gmwR` _v‡K †mLv‡b G‡ZKvd Kiv|Ó 982
BwZKvd GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Bev`Z| ivm~jyj­vn � evox ev gnj­vi N‡ivqv gmwR‡` BwZKvd wb‡la K‡ib wb| Gi ¯^c‡
A‡bK K_v ejv hvq| Z‡e wZwb Zv eR©b K‡i‡Qb| GRb¨ mvnvex Zv we`ÔAvZ e‡j AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb|
6. 5. 2. 5. ûeû AbyKiY
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, mvnvex-ZvweqxM‡Yi `„wófw½‡Z ivm~jyj­vn � hv K‡i‡Qb Zv Kiv †hgb mybœvZ, †Zgwb wZwb hv
eR©b K‡i‡Qb Zv eR©b KivI mybœvZ| Avi ÔKg©Õ I ÔeR©bÕ ûeû I AweKj n‡jB Zv mybœvZ n‡e, mybœv‡Zi mv‡_ wKQz ms‡hvRb,
we‡qvRb ev cwieZ©b K‡i cvjb ev eR©b K‡i‡j Zv BwËev‡q mybœvZ e‡j MY¨ n‡e bv| GLv‡b Avj­vgv Beby mxix‡biB GKwU e³e¨
D‡j­L KiwQ| cÖL¨vZ Zvwe-Zvweqx gynvwÏm, dKxn I Avwe` Avãyj­vn Bebyj gyevivK (g„ 181 wn) I Ab¨vb¨ gynvwÏm D‡j­L
K‡i‡Qb :
ﺓﺭـﻅﻨ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺭﻅﻨﻓ]
ﻑﻭﺼ ﺔﻤﺎﻤﻋﻭ ﻑﻭﺼ ﺭﺍﺯﺇﻭ ﻑﻭﺼ ﺔﺒﺠ ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ ﻥﻴﺭﻴﺴ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺸﺍﺭ ﻥﺒ ﺕﻠﺼﻟﺍ لﺨﺩ
ﻲﺒﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻬﺘﺃ ﻻ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻨﺜﺩﺤ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻡﻴﺭﻤ ﻥﺒ ﻰﺴﻴﻋ ﻪﺴﺒﻟ ﺩﻗ ﻥﻭﻟﻭﻘﻴﻭ ﻑﻭﺼﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﺴﺒﻠﻴ ﺎﻤﺍﻭﻗﺃ ﻥﺇ لﺎﻗﻭ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺯﺄﻤﺸﺎﻓ [ ﺔﻫﺍﺭﻜ
ﻊﺒﺘﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻕﺤﺃ ﺎﻨﻴﺒﻨ ﺔﻨـﺴﻭ ﻥﻁﻘـﻟﺍﻭ ﻑﻭﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺱﺒﻟ ﺩﻗ
�

Òmvj&Z Beby ivwk` bvgK GKRb¨ Zvwe-Zvweqx `i‡ek ckgx RyeŸv, ckgx Bhvi I ckgx cvMwo cwiavb K‡i gynv¤§v`
Beby wmix‡bi wbKU cÖ‡ek K‡ib| Beby wmixb Zuvi †cvkvK †`‡L wei³ nb| wZwb weiw³i mv‡_ Zvi w`‡K `„wócvZ K‡ib Ges
e‡jb: wKQy gvbyl (me©`v) ckwg †cvkvK cwiavb K‡ib| Zuviv e‡jb †h, Cmv (Av) ckwg †cvkvK cwiavb Ki‡Zb| A_P hv‡`i
eY©bv Avwg m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e MÖnY Kwi †m me gvby‡liv (mvnvexMY) Avgv‡K e‡j‡Qb †h, ivm~jyj­vn � KvZvb, ckwg I mywZ
Kvco cwiavb K‡i‡Qb| Avi Avgv‡`i bexi mybœvZ AbyKiY KivB Avgv‡`i Rb¨ †ewk cÖ‡qvRbxq I †ewk DwPZ|Ó 983
Bgvg Beby wmixb `i‡ekM‡Yi Ôm~dxÕ ev ÔckwgÕ †cvkvK cwiav‡bi wel‡q AvcwË K‡i ej‡Qb †h, Cmv bexi mybœv‡Zi
†P‡q Avgv‡`i bexi mybœvZ AbymiY Kiv DwPZ| Avevi wZwb wb‡RB ¯^xKvi Ki‡Qb †h, ivm~jyj­vn � ckwg †cvkvK cwiavb
Ki‡Zb| Zvn‡j †Zv †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, GmKj `i‡ek ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mybœvZB AbymiY Ki‡Qb| Zvn‡j Zuvi AvcwËUv wK?
AvcwË AbyKi‡Yi Ôûeû‡Z¡Õ| ivm~jyj­vn � Gi mvgvwMÖK Kg© I eR©‡bi mgwóB Zuvi mybœvZ| wZwb †h KvR hZUzKz I †h
¸i“Z¡ w`‡q K‡i‡Qb Ges hZUzKz I †h ¸i“Z¡ w`‡q eR©b K‡i‡Qb †mB KvR ZZUzKzB Kiv I eR©b KivB mybœvZ| K‡g©, eR©‡b
ev ¸i“‡Z¡ Zuvi Kv‡Ri wecixZ Kivi A_© Zuvi mybœvZ eR©b Kiv I mybœv‡Zi we‡ivwaZv Kiv| Beby wmixb G K_vB e‡j‡Qb|
Zuvi K_vi A_©, wKQy gvbyl me©`v ckgx †cvkvK cwiavb K‡ib| Zuviv g‡b K‡ib †h, my‡hvM _vKv m‡Ë¡I mywZ †cvkvK
cwiavb eR©b K‡i ckwg cwiavb DËg| GRb¨ Zuviv †¯^”Qvq mywZ cwiavb †_‡K weiZ _v‡Kb Ges G eR©b‡K ZvKIqv,
`i‡ewk ev eyRywM©i c_ e‡j g‡b K‡ib| A_P Avgv‡`i bexi mybœvZ wQj myweav I my‡hvMgZ mywZ ev ckwg †cvkvK e¨envi
Kiv| my‡hvM _vK‡jI mywZ †cvkvK eR©b K‡i ckwg e¨env‡ii A_© ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mybœvZ eR©b Kiv Ges Zuvi mybœvZ‡K
`i‡ewki Rb¨ h‡_ó e‡j g‡b bv Kiv| GRb¨B Beby wmixb ej‡Qb †h, Avgv‡`i bexi mybœvZ AbymiY Kiv DËg I DwPZ|
Avi Zuvi mybœvZ me©`v ckwg †cvkvK bv civ|
cÖL¨vZ Zv‡eqx Aveyj evLZvix mvC` Beby dvB‡ivh (83 wn.) e‡jb, gymÕAve hyevBix Bgvgiƒ‡c bvgvh †kl Kivi c‡i †Rv‡i
e‡jb: Òjv Bjvnv Bj­vj­vû Avj­vû AvKeviÓ| ZLb Zvweqx-‡kªô cÖwm× dKxn Avex`vn Beby Avgi Avm-mvjgvbx (70 wn.),
whwb gmwR‡` wQ‡jb, e‡jb:
263
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ﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ
�ﺭﺎ �ﻌ�ﻨ
! ُﷲﺍ �ﻪﹶﻠ
ﹶﺘﺎﹶﻗ
ÒAvj­vn G‡K aŸsm Ki“b! we`ÔAv‡Zi RqaŸwb w`‡”Q|Ó 984
mvjv‡Zi mvjvg †div‡bv c‡i Giƒc whK&i, Zvmexn BZ¨vw` mybœvZ m¤§Z Bev`Z| G e¨w³ mybœvZ m¤§Z whK‡ii evK¨
mybœvZ m¤§Z mg‡q cvV K‡i GKwU mybœvZ m¤§Z Bev`Z cvjb K‡i‡Qb| ïay D”P¯^‡i Zv cvjb K‡i whKiwU cvj‡bi
c×wZ‡Z mvgvb¨ e¨wZµg K‡i‡Q| Giƒc e¨wZµgI Zuviv MÖnY Ki‡Zb bv| eis G‡K we`ÔAvZ e‡j KwVbfv‡e AvcwË
K‡i‡Qb|
6. 5. 3. Avj-RvgvÔAvZ
6. 5. 3. 1. A_© I cwiwPwZ
wefw³ welqK GKwU nv`x‡m Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ivm~jyj­vn � gyw³cÖvß ev myc_cÖvß `‡ji cwiwPwZ wn‡m‡e e‡j‡Qb:
Zviv RvgvÔAvZ| RvgvÔAvZ kãwU Aviex RvgÕ (ﻊﻤﺠﻟﺍ) †_‡K M„nxn, hvi A_© GKwÎZ Kiv, Rgv‡qZ Kiv, HK¨e× Kiv (To
gather, collect, unite, bring together, join) BZ¨vw`| ÔRvgvÔAvZÕ ( ﺔـﻋﺎﻤﺠ) A_© RbMY, Rb‡Mvwô, ev mgvR
(community, society).
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, KziAvb I nv`x‡m ÔRvgvÔAvZÕ Ges ÔBRwZgvÕ-‡K ÔwdiKvÕ I ÔBdwZivKÕ-Gi wecix‡Z
e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| wdiKv A_© `j, MÖ“c BZ¨vw`| G A‡_© Aviex‡Z wnhe, KvDg, RvgBq¨vn (ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺠ ،ﻡﻭﻗ ،ﺏﺯﺤ) BZ¨vw`
kã e¨eüZ nq| Avi RvgvÔAvZ A_© `jwenxb mw¤§wjZ Rb‡Mvôx ev mgvR| †h †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b Ae¯’vbiZ mKj gvbyl‡K
ÔRvgvÔAvZÕ ejv nq| RvgvÔAv‡Zi ga¨ †_‡K wKQz gvbyl c„_K n‡j Zv‡K wdiKv ev `j ejv nq|
g‡b Ki“b GKwU gmwR‡`i g‡a¨ 100 Rb gymj­x e‡m Av‡Qb| Giv gmwR‡`i RvgvÔAvZ| G‡`i g‡a¨ Kg ev †ewk
msL¨K gymj­x hw` c„_Kfv‡e GKwÎZ n‡q gmwR‡`i GK w`‡K e‡mb Z‡e Zviv GKwU wdiKv, KvIg ev wnhe, A_©r `j, MÖ“c
ev m¤cÖ`vq e‡j MY¨, wKš‘ Zviv RvgvÔAvZ e‡j MY¨ bq| †hgb, Dch©y³ 100 R‡bi ga¨ †_‡K 5 Rb GK †Kv‡b c„_K n‡q
em‡jb, Avi `k Rb Ab¨ †Kv‡Y c„_K n‡q em‡jb Ges Ab¨ †Kv‡Y Av‡iv K‡qKRb GKwÎZ n‡jb| GLb Avgiv BdwZivK
I RvgvÔAv‡Zi iƒc wPš—v Kwi| g~jZ gmwR‡`i RvgvÔAvZ †f‡½ BdwZivK G‡m‡Q| wZbwU wdiKv g~j RvgvÔAvZ †_‡K
wew”Qbœ n‡q‡Q| Avi evwK hviv †Kv‡bv Ô`jÕ ev wdiKv MVb bv K‡i `jwenxbfv‡e i‡q wM‡q‡Qb Zviv wb‡R‡`i‡K ÔRvgvÔAvZÕ
ej‡Z cv‡ib|
Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi Ae¯’v GiƒcB| GwU g~jZ †Kv‡bv `j ev wdiKv bq| mvnvex-ZvweqxM‡Yi Abymi‡Y
hviv g~j avivi Dci Ae¯’vb Ki‡Qb Ges †Kv‡bv `j ev wdiKv ˆZwi K‡ib wb ZvivB ÔAvj-RvgvÔAvZÕ|

6. 5. 3. 2. ivóªxq I mvgvwRK HK¨ A‡_© Avj-RvgvÔAvZ
KziAvb I nv`xm I c~e©eZ©x AvwjgM‡Yi e³‡e¨i Av‡jv‡K Avgiv ÔRvgvÔAvZÕ ( ﺔـﻋﺎﻤﺠ) k‡ãi wZbwU cÖ‡qvM †`L‡Z
cvB: (1) HK¨e× ivóª I mgvR, A_ev mgvR ev iv‡óªi msL¨vMwió RbMY, (2) mvnvexMY I (3) mvnvexM‡Yi Abymvix
Zvweqx-Zvwe-ZvweqxM‡Yi hy‡Mi msL¨vMwiô g~j avivi Avwjg I BgvgMY| 985
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, KziAvb Kvix‡g ÔRvgvÔAvZÕe× ev `jv`wjgy³f‡e HK¨e× _vK‡Z Ges `j, wdiKv ˆZwi BZ¨vw` †_‡K
`~‡i _vK‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| nv`x‡mI Abyiƒcfv‡e ÔRvgvÔAvZÕ-e× _vK‡Z wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| wewfbœ nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K
G K_v ¯úó †h, RvgvÔAvZ ej‡Z ivóªxq I mvgvwRK HK¨ eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q, Bgvg ej‡Z ivóªcÖavb eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q Ges ÔevBqvZÕ
ej‡Z ivóªcÖav‡bi AvbyM‡Z¨i kc_ eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Avey ûivBiv (iv:) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡j‡Qb:
ﹰﺔ�ﻴ�ﻠ�ﻫﺎ�ﺠ ﹰﺔﹶﺘﻴ�ﻤ ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ ﹶﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﻤ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ ﹶﻕ�ﺭﺎﹶﻓ�ﻭ �ﺔ�ﻋﺎﱠﻁﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﺝ�ﺭﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Ò‡h e¨w³ ivóªxq AvbyMZ¨ †_‡K †ei n‡q Ges RvgvÔAvZ ev gymwjg mgvR †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q g„Zz¨ eiY Kij †m Rvwnjx
g„Zz¨ eiY Kij|Ó 986
gyÔAvweqv (iv:) Zuvi RxeÏkvq Zuvi cyÎ Bqvwh`‡K ivóª cÖavb wb‡qvM `vb K‡ib Ges Zvi AvbyM‡Z¨i Rb¨ wZwb iv‡óªi
mKj bvMwiK †_‡K evBqvZ ev AvbyM‡Z¨i kc_ MÖnY K‡ib| 60 wnRix‡Z gyÔAvweqv (iv)-Gi B‡š—Kv‡ji c‡i Bqvwh`
kvmbfvi MÖnY K‡ib Ges Pvi eQi kvmb K‡i 64 wnRix‡Z g„Z¨y eiY K‡ib| 63 wnRix‡Z g`xbvi AwaevmxMY Zvi Ryjyg-
AZ¨vPvi, Bgvg ûmvB‡bi kvnv`Z BZ¨vw` wewfbœ Kvi‡Y we‡`ªvn K‡ib| Zv‡`i we‡`ªvn wQj hyw³m½Z Ges GKvš‘B Avj­vni
Iqv‡¯— I Ab¨v‡qi wei“‡× Aby‡cÖiYv wb‡q| wKš‘ Zv m‡Z¡I ‡m mg‡q RxweZ mvnvexMY we‡`ªv‡n ivRx wQ‡jb bv| mnxn
gymwj‡g msKwjZ nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, Avãyj­vn Beby Dgi (iv) g`xbvi AaxevmxM‡Yi we‡`ªv‡ni †bZv Avãyj­vn Beby gywZÕi
wbKU Mgb K‡ib| wZwb Zv‡K m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ em‡Z Aby‡iva K‡ib| Beby Dgi e‡jb: Avwg em‡Z Avwmwb| Avwg †Zvgv‡K
GKwU nv`xm ïbv‡Z G‡mwQ| Avwg ivm~jyj­vn mvj­vj­vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj­vg‡K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ:
ﹰﺔ�ﻴ�ﻠ�ﻫﺎ�ﺠ ﹰﺔﹶﺘﻴ�ﻤ ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ ﹲﺔ�ﻌ�ﻴ�ﺒ �ﻪ�ﻘﹸﻨ�ﻋ ﻲ�ﻓ �ﺱ�ﻴﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ �ﻪﹶﻟ ﹶﺔ�ﺠ�ﺤ ﻻ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ�ﻴ�ﻘﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﻲ�ﻘﹶﻟ �ﺔ�ﻋﺎﹶﻁ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻊﹶﻠﹶﺨ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Ò‡h e¨w³ ivóªxq AvbyMZ¨ †_‡K wb‡R‡K †ei K‡i wbj †m wKqvg‡Zi w`b Avj­vni mv‡_ mvvZ n‡j wb‡Ri Rb¨ †Kvb
IRi AvcwË cv‡e bv| Avi †h e¨w³ Ggb Ae¯’vq g„Zz¨ eiY Kij †h, Zvi Mjvq †Kvb evBqvZ ev ivóªxq AvbyM‡Z¨i kc_
†bB †m e¨w³ Rvwnjx g„Zy¨ eiY Kij|Ó 987
Ab¨ eY©bvq Avãyj­vn Beby Dgvi e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
�ﻪﹶﻟ
ﹶﺔ�ﺠ
�ﺤ ﹶﻻ �ﺔ�ﻤﺎ
�ﻴ�ﻘ
ﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻭ
�ﻴ �ﺀﺎ�ﺠ
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ﹶﻁ �ﻥ�ﻤ
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ﹶﻨ �ﻥ�ﻤ
�ﻭ ﹰﺔ�ﻴ�ﻠ�ﻫﺎ�ﺠ ﹰﺔﹶﺘﻴ�ﻤ ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﹴﻡﺎ�ﻤِﺇ ﹺﺭ�ﻴﹶﻐﹺﺒ ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ
Ò‡h e¨w³ Bgvg ev ivóªcÖavb Qvov (ivóª cÖav‡bi AvbyMZ¨ Qvov) g„Zz¨eiY Ki‡e †m Rvwnjx g„Zz¨ eiY Ki‡e Ges †h
e¨w³ ivóªxq AvbyMZ¨ †_‡K wb‡R‡K †ei K‡i wbj †m wKqvg‡Zi w`b Avj­vni mv‡_ mvvZ n‡j wb‡Ri Rb¨ †Kvb IRi
AvcwË cv‡e bv|Ó 988
gyÔAvweq (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡jb:
ﹰﺔ�ﻴ
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�ﺠ ﹰﺔﹶﺘ
�ﻴ�ﻤ
ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ
[ ﹲﺔ�ﻌ
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] ﻡﺎﻤﺇ [ �ﻪ�ﻴ
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] �ﻪﹶﻟ
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ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ
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Ò‡h e¨w³ Giƒc Ae¯’vq g„Zz¨eiY Kij †h Zvi †Kvb Bgvg †bB (†Kvb ivóª cÖavb I ivwóªq e¨e¯’vi †m Aaxb bq),
Ab¨ eY©bvq: †h e¨w³ Giƒc Ae¯’vq g„Zz¨ eiY Kij †h, Zuvi Mjvq †Kvb evBqvZ ev ivóªxq AvbyM‡Z¨i kc_ †bB, Zvn‡j †m
Rvwnjx g„Zz¨ eiY Kij|Ó 989
Gfv‡e nv`xm kix‡d me©`v RvgvÔAvZ ej‡Z `jv`wjwenxb ivóªxq HK¨ I mvgvwRK HK¨ eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| wdiKv A_©vr
`j ev MÖ“c‡K ÔRvgvÔAvZÕ A_©vr HK¨ ev HK¨e× ivóª I mgv‡Ri wecix‡Z D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| GK nv`x‡m ûhvBdv Bebyj
Bqvgvb (iv) e‡jb, gvby‡liv ivm~jyj­vn �-‡K fvj welqvw` m¤ú‡K© cÖkœ KiZ| Avwg Zuv‡K Lvivc welq m¤ú‡K© cÖkœ KiZvg,
GB f‡q †h, wK Rvwb Avwg †Kv‡bv Lviv‡ci g‡a¨ wbcwZZ n‡q hvq wKbv| Avwg ejjvg, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, Avgiv Rvwnwjq¨vZ
I Lvivwci g‡a¨ wQjvg| ZLb Avj­vn Avgv‡`i‡K GB Kj¨vY G‡b w`‡jb| Gi c‡i wK Avevi †Kv‡bv AKj¨vY Avm‡e| wZwb
ej‡jb, nü v| Avwg ejjvg, †mB AKj¨v‡Yi c‡i wK Avevi Kj¨vY wd‡i Avm‡e? wZwb e‡jb, nü v, Z‡e Zvi g‡a¨ wKQz RÄvjgqjv
_vK‡e| Avwg ejjvg, †mB RÄvj-gqjv wK? wZwb e‡jb, wKQz gvbyl hviv Avgvi Av`k© I bxwZ †Q‡o Ab¨ Av`k© I ixwZ
AbymiY Ki‡e| Zzwg Zv‡`i g‡a¨ fvj I g›` †`L‡Z cv‡e| Avwg ejjvg, GB fvj Ae¯’vi c‡i wK Avevi Lvivc Ae¯’v Av‡Q?
264

wZwb e‡jb, nü v| Rvnvbœv‡gi `iRv¸wji w`‡K AvnŸvbKvixMY (Avwef©yZ n‡e), hviv Zv‡`i Wv‡K mvov w`‡e Zv‡`i‡K Rvnvbœv‡g
wb‡c Ki‡e| Avwg ejjvg, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, Avcwb Zv‡`i eY©bv w`b| wZwb ej‡jb, Zviv Avgv‡`iB Pvgovi gvbyl-
Avgv‡`iB ¯^RvwZ, Avgv‡`i fvlv‡ZB Zviv K_v ej‡e| Avwg ejjvg, †n Avj­vni ivm~j, Avwg hw` GB Ae¯’vq c‡o hvq Z‡e
Avcwb Avgv‡K wK Ki‡Z e‡jb, wZwb e‡jb:
�ﺽ�ﻌﹶﺘ �ﻥَﺃ �ﻭﹶﻟ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻬﱠﻠﹸﻜ ﹶﻕ�ﺭ�ﻔﹾﻟﺍ �ﻙﹾﻠ�ﺘ ْلﹺﺯﹶﺘ�ﻋﺎﹶﻓ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡﺎ�ﻤِﺇ ﻻ�ﻭ ﹲﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﻤ�ﺠ �ﻡ�ﻬﹶﻟ �ﻥﹸﻜ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ ﹸﺕﹾﻠﹸﻗ �ﻡ�ﻬ�ﻤﺎ�ﻤِﺇ�ﻭ
�ﻥﻴ�ﻤ�ﻠ�ﺴ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹶﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﻤ�ﺠ �ﻡ�ﺯﹾﻠﹶﺘ
�ﻙِﻟﹶﺫ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﹶﺕﹾﻨَﺃ�ﻭ ﹸﺕ�ﻭ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻙﹶﻜﹺﺭ�ﺩ�ﻴ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ �ﺓ�ﺭ�ﺠﹶﺸ ِل�ﺼَﺄﹺﺒ
ÒZzwg gymwjg‡`i RvgvÔAvZ (mvaviY Rb‡Mvôx) I Zv‡`i Bgvg (ivóªcÖavb)-‡K a‡i _vK‡e| Avwg ejjvg, hw` Zv‡`i
†Kv‡bv RvgvÔAvZ bv _v‡K Ges †Kv‡bv BgvgI bv _v‡K (RbMY mK‡jB z`ªz`ª `‡j wef³ n‡q ivóªe¨e¯’vnxb wek„•Lj Ae¯’vq
_v‡K), wZwb ej‡jb, †m‡‡Î Zzwg †m mKj `j (wdiKv) me¸wj‡KB cwiZ¨vM Ki‡e| hw` †Zvgv‡K †Kv‡bv Mv‡Qi g~j Kvg‡o
a‡i c‡o _vK‡Z nq ZvI _vK‡e| Gfv‡e _vKv Ae¯’v‡ZB †hb †Zvgvi g„Zz¨ G‡m hvq|Ó 990
GmKj nv`x‡m my¯úó †h, RvgvÔAvZ ej‡Z ivóªxq I mvgvwRK HK¨ ev mgv‡Ri msL¨vMwió RbmvaviY‡K eySv‡bv
n‡q‡Q| G mKj wb‡`©‡ki A_© n‡jv, gymwjg †h mgv‡R ev Rb‡Mvôx‡Z emevm Ki‡eb, †mB mgv‡Ri gvbyl‡`i ivR‰bwZK,
mvgvwRK wm×vš—vw`i mv‡_ GKgZ _vK‡Z n‡e, hw`I †mB wm×vš— Zvi e¨w³MZ, Zvi `j ev †Mvôxi gZvgZ ev ¯^v‡_©i
wei“‡× hvq| 991
6. 5. 3. 3. mvnvexMYB g~j RvgvÔAvZ
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, mvnvexM‡Yi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bviƒc BdwZivK ev wefw³ wQj bv| Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ ¯^vfvweK wKQz gZ‡f` wQj, Z‡e
KL‡bvB BdwZivK-Gi ch©v‡q hvq wb| Zuv‡`i BLwZjvd ev gZ‡f` wQj g~jZ e¨envwiK I BRwZnv`x wel‡q, we‡klZ ivR‰bwZ
wel‡q, †hLv‡b gZwe‡iva nIqv ¯^vfvweK| AwaKvsk †‡Î Zuv‡`i gZ‡f` wb®úwË n‡q‡Q| Avjx (iv)-Gi mg‡q ivR‰bwZK
wel‡q wKQz gZ‡f` hy‡×i ch©v‡q †M‡jI Zv ÔBdwZivKÕ ch©v‡q hvq wb| G‡‡Î wb‡gœi welq¸wj jYxq:
cÖ_gZ: AwaKvsk mvnvex Avjx (iv) I Zuvi we‡ivwaZvq Av‡qkv (iv), gyÔAvweqv (iv) cÖgyL mvnvexi ivR‰bwZK gZwe‡iva I
hy‡× AskMÖnY †_‡K weiZ wQ‡jb| Zuviv Avjx (iv)-Gi ivóªxq †bZ…‡Z¡ wek¦vm Ki‡Zb Ges we‡ivwaZvi †‡Î Zv‡K ˆbwZKfv‡e
mg_©b Ki‡Zb| Z‡e gZwe‡iva I hy‡× Ask †bb wb| cÖwm× Zvweqx Avwgi Beby kvivnxj kvex (104 wn) e‡jb, Rvgvj ev D‡óªi
hy‡× mvnvexM‡Yi ga¨ †_‡K 4 Rb Qvov †KD AskMÖnY K‡ib wb: Avjx, Av¤§vi, Zvjnv Ges hyevBi (�)|Ó 992
cÖwm× Zvweqx gynv¤§v` Beby wmixb (110 wn) e‡jb, ÒhLb wdZbv ïi“ n‡jv, ZLb nvRvi nvRvi mvnvex RxweZ wQ‡jb|
Zv‡`i ga¨ †_‡K 100 Rb mvnvexI G‡Z Ask MÖnY K‡ib wb| eis G‡Z AskMÖnYKvix mvnvex‡`i msL¨v 30 R‡biI Kg
wQj|Ó 993
wØZxqZ: ivóªxq cÖ‡qvR‡b hvi Giƒc hy‡× Ask wb‡q‡Qb Zviv me©`v G‡K ivóªxq I BRvwZnv`x welq e‡jB MY¨ K‡i‡Qb|
cÖwZc‡i wei“‡× hy× Ki‡jI Zv‡`i‡K c„_K Ô`jÕ ev ag©Pz¨Z e‡j MY¨ K‡ib wb| G wel‡q Avjx (iv), Av¤§vi (iv) cÖgyL
mvnvexi my¯úó gZvgZ wewfbœ MÖ‡š’ msKwjZ i‡q‡Q| wmddx‡bi hy× PjvKv‡j Avjx (iv)-Gi c‡i GK e¨w³ gyÔAvweqv (iv)-
Gi c‡i wei“‡× evoevwog~jK K_v ej‡j Avjx (iv) e‡jb, Giƒc e‡jv bv, Zviv g‡b K‡i‡Q Avgiv we‡`ªvnx Ges Avgiv g‡b
KiwQ †h, Zviv we‡`ªvnx| Avi Gi Kvi‡YB Avgiv hy× KiwQ| Av¤§vi Beby Bqvmvi e‡jb, wmwiqv-evwnbx‡K Kvwdi e‡jv bv, eis
Avgv‡`i `xb GK, wKejv GK, K_vI GK; Z‡e Zviv Avgv‡`i wei“‡× we‡`ªvn K‡i‡Q, ZvB Avgiv jovB KiwQ|Ó 994
GgbwK LvwiRx we‡`ªvnx‡`i wei“‡× hy× Kiv m‡Ë¡I Avjx (iv) I mvnvexMY Zv‡`i‡K Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ K‡ib wb| LvwiRxMY
Zuv‡`i‡K Kvwdi e‡j‡Q, wbwe©Pv‡i gymwjg‡`i‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q, ¯^qs ivm~jyj­vn � G‡`i mv‡_ hy× Ki‡Z I G‡`i‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z
wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb, mvnvexMY Zv‡`i wei“‡× A‡bK hy× cwiPvjbv K‡i‡Qb, wKš‘ KL‡bv Avjx (iv) ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv mvnvex Zv‡`i‡K
Kvwdi e‡j dvZIqv †`b wb| eis Zuviv G‡`i mv‡_ gymwjg wn‡m‡eB wg‡k‡Qb, K_vevZ©v e‡j‡Qb, Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb GgbwK
G‡`i BgvgwZ‡Z mvjvZ Av`vq K‡i‡Qb| hy‡×i gq`v‡b ev wePv‡ii KvVMovq Qvov KL‡bvB G‡`i‡K nZ¨v Kivi AbygwZ †`b
wb| 995
Gfv‡e mvnvexM‡Yi g‡a¨ gZ‡f` _vK‡jI Zv KL‡bvB wefw³ ev BdwZiv‡Ki ch©v‡q hvq wb| gnvb Avj­vn KziAv‡b
I ivm~jyj­vn (�) nv`x‡m mvnvexMY‡K Av`k© I AbyKiYxq wn‡m‡e D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| G g~jbxwZi wfwˇZB ZvweqxMY †_‡K
ïi“ K‡i cieZ©x mKj cÖR‡b¥i mvaviY gymwjg I AvwjgMY mvgwMÖKfv‡e mvnvexMY‡K Av`k© wn‡m‡e MY¨ K‡i‡Qb| Avi
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ÔRvgvÔAvZÕ ej‡Z mvnvexM‡Yi c_ I ZrcieZ©x g~javivi Zvweqx-Zvwe-ZvweqxM‡Yi c_ eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, ÔAvnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvZÕ A_© ÔmybœvZ I RvgvÔAv‡Zi AbymvixMYÕ| mybœvZ ej‡Z ivm~jyj­vn
�-Gi mybœvZ eySv‡bv nq Ges mybœvZz Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`xb I mybœvZz mvnvevn Gi Aš—f©y³| Avi ÔAvj-RvgvZÔAvZÕ ej‡Z g~jZ
mvnvexM‡Yi gZ I c_ eySv‡bv nq Ges cieZ©x g~javivi Zvweqx-ZvweqM‡Yi gZvgZ eySv‡bv nq, hviv mvnvexM‡Yi gZ I c‡_i
Dci `„pfv‡e mycÖwZwôZ wQ‡jb|
6. 5. 4. gZ‡f`xq wel‡q Avnjym mybœv‡Zi g~jbxwZ
6. 5. 4. 1. BdvwZivK I wefw³i welqvw`
Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi AvKx`vi g~jbxwZ eyS‡Z n‡j Avgv‡`i‡K Avnj~j we`ÔAvZ Iqvj BdwZiv‡Ki
AvKx`vi gyjbxwZ Rvbv `iKvi| KviY we`ÔAvZx‡`i we`ÔAv‡Zi wecix‡ZiB Zuviv mybœvZ-m¤§Z AvKx`v e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb|
Dc‡ii e³e¨ I cieZ©x Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, Cgv‡bi AviKvbmg~‡ni g‡a¨ wKQz wel‡q gymwjg D¤§vni
g‡a¨ wefw³ nq wb ev wefw³ †g‡b †bIqv nqwb Ges wKQz wel‡q wefw³ n‡q‡Q|
(1) AvKx`vi Drm: G wel‡q e¨vcK gZ‡f` n‡q‡Q| weåvš— wdiKv¸wj KziAvb I mybœvni cvkvcvwk hyw³, `k©b,
we‡kl †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev e¨w³e‡M©i gZvgZ, e¨vL¨v BZ¨vw`‡K AvKx`vi Drmi I wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Q| gyZvwRjv
m¤cÖ`v‡qi wbKU `k©b, hyw³ BZ¨vw`B AvKx`vi gyj wfwˇZ cwiYZ nq| kxqv m¤cÖ`v‡qi wbKU BgvgMY ev BgvgM‡Yi
cÖwZwbwa‡`i e¨vL¨vq AvKx`vi g~j Drmiƒ‡c ¯^xK…Z| KziAvb I mybœvn QvovI Kvkd, Bjnvg, BjKv ev Ômivmwi we‡kl
Ávb‡K Zviv AvKx`vi Drmiƒ‡c MÖnY K‡i| G mKj wdiKvi Abymvix‡`i wbKU g~jZ G mKj AwZwi³ welqB AvKx`vi
g~j Drm wn‡m‡e cwiYZ nq| G¸wji wfwˇZ Zviv KziAvb I mybœvni e³e¨ MÖnY K‡i ev e¨vL¨v K‡i eR©b K‡i|
(2) ZvInx`yi i“e~weq¨vn: G wel‡q gymwjg D¤§vni gZ‡f` †bB| †KD G wel‡q gZ‡f` Ki‡j ev i“eyweq¨v‡Zi †Kv‡bv
welq A¯^xKvi ev Awek¦vm Ki‡j Zv‡K Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
(3) ZvInx`yj Dj~wnq¨vn ev ZvInx`yj Bev`vZ| G wel‡q †Kv‡bv gZ‡f` nq wb| †KD Avj­vni Bev`‡Zi ZvInx`
A¯^xKvi Ki‡j ev G wel‡q KvD‡K kixK Ki‡j Zv‡K Kvwdi ev gykwiK e‡j MY¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zv‡K Avi weåvš— gymwjg
wdiKv e‡j MY¨ Kiv nq wb, eis Agymwjg Kvwdi wdiKv e‡j MY¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
(4) ZvInx`yj Avmgv Iqvm wmdvZ| G wel‡q gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ e¨vcK gZ‡f` n‡q‡Q| g~jZ gymwjg D¤§vni
AwaKvsk wefw³ I wdiKvevwR G welqwU wb‡qB| Avj­vni Bjg, B”Qv, †ihvgw›`, wjLwb, gv, gZv, kvw¯— BZ¨vw` welq wb‡qB
Kv`vwiqvn, Rvevwiqvn, LvwiRx, gyÕZvwhjx, Rvnwgq¨vn BZ¨vw` mKj wdiKvi D¢e| ZvK`xi, cvcx gywg‡bi weavb BZ¨vw` meB G
welq †Kw&›`ªK|
(5) wimvjv‡Zi wek¦vm| G wel‡q wKQz weåvwš—i D‡b¥l N‡U| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv mxgvj•NbKvix kxqv m¤cÖ`vq ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi
byeyIqv‡Zi me©RbxbZv, Zuvi Av`‡k©i Aj•NbxqZv, Zuvi LvZgyb byeyIqvZ BZ¨vw` welq A¯^xKvi Kivi Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i‡K Kvwdi
e‡j MY¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q| mvaviYfv‡e kxqv gZev‡`i g‡a¨ wimvjv‡Zi me©RbxbZv mxwgZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, gynv¤§v`
(�)-Gi cÖwZ fvjevmvi `vwe †h, Zuvi D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ hv‡`i wel‡q wZwb mv¨ w`‡q‡Qb Zv‡`i‡K Ges hviv AvbyM‡Z¨-AbyKi‡Y
AMÖMvgx Zv‡`i‡KI fvjevm‡Z n‡e| kxqvMY G‡‡Î mxgvj•Nb I weåvwš—i g‡a¨ wbcwZZ nq| mvaviYfv‡e IjxM‡Yi wel‡q
Ges we‡klZ Avjx-es‡ki BgvgM‡Yi wel‡q fw³‡Z evovevwo K‡i Zviv Zv‡`i‡K wimvjv‡Zi wKQz gh©v`v w`‡q‡Q Ges Gfv‡e
gynv¤§v` (�)-Gi wimvjv‡Zi me©RbxbZv mxwgZ K‡i‡Q| kxqv gZev‡` ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi c‡i ÔBgvgÕ wn‡m‡e A_ev BgvgM‡Yi
ÔLjxdvÕ wn‡m‡e A‡bK gvby‡li BmgvZ ev wb®úvcZ¡ I Aåvš—Zvq wek¦vm Kiv n‡q‡Q| KziAvb I mybœv‡ni e¨vL¨vi †‡Î Giƒc
e¨w³‡`i we‡kl AwaKvi Kíbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| d‡j ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi cÖ`Ë KziAvb I mybœv‡Zi ¸i“Z¡ g~jZ webó n‡q‡Q| G wek¦vm
Abymv‡i KziAvb I mybœvni Ae¯’v g~jZ ZvIivZ, BwÄj I Ab¨vb¨ MÖ‡š’i gZ n‡q hvq| A_©vr KziAvb I nv`x‡m hv wKQzB _vK bv
†Kb Zv BgvgMY ev ev IjxMY KZ…©K Kvkd, Bjnvg ev ÔBjgy jv`ybœxÕ-i wfwˇZ †`Iqv e¨vL¨vi Av‡jv‡K MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi
evB‡i me wKQz evwZj e‡j MY¨ n‡e| gyÕZvwhjv I Ab¨vb¨ weåvš— m¤cÖ`vq wgivR ev Abyiƒc wKQz gywRhv A¯^xKvi ev e¨vL¨v
K‡i‡Q| GQvov ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mvnvexMY I bexes‡ki gvbyl‡`i AwaKvi I gh©v`v wb‡q D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ e¨vcK gZ‡f` I
wefw³ Rb¥ wb‡q‡Q| Avgiv †`LwQ †h, kxqvM‡Yi G weåvwš— g~jZ AvKx`vi Drm †Kw›`ªK|
(5) gvjvBKv I MÖš’mg~‡ni cÖwZ Cgv‡bi wel‡q wefw³ †`Lv †`q wb| Z‡e MÖš’mg~‡ni cÖwZ wek¦v‡mi GKwU w`K
Avj­vni Kvjvg ev K_v we‡kl‡Yi mv‡_ RwoZ| Avi Avj­vni Kvjvg ev K_v we‡klYwUi cÖK…wZ wb‡q D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ e¨vcK
wefw³ n‡q‡Q e‡j Avgiv †`‡LwQ I †`Le|
(6) AvwLiv‡Zi cÖwZ Cgv‡bi wel‡q †h gZ‡f` I wefw³ n‡q‡Q Zvi Ab¨Zg AvwLiv‡Zi wek¦v‡mi mv‡_ mswk­ó Ke‡ii
Avhve, kvdvÔAvZ I Rvbœv‡Z Avj­vni `k©‡bi welq| G¸wji g‡a¨ kvdvÔAvZ I Avj­vni `k©b welqK gZ‡f` g~jZ ZvInx`yj
Avmgv Iqvm wmdvZ welqK gZ‡f`|
(7) ZvK`x‡ii wel‡q D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ e¨vcK gZ‡f` I wefw³ Rb¥ wb‡q‡Q| G welqwUI g~jZ ZvInx`yj Avmgv
Iqvm wmdvZ †Kw›`ªK| gnvb Avj­vni Bjg, b¨vqwePvi, B”Qv I wm×vš— welqK we‡klY¸wj‡K †K›`ª K‡iB G welqK
gZ‡f`|
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(8) cvcx gywg‡bi weavb wel‡q e¨vcK gZ‡f` n‡q‡Q| G welqwUI g~jZ ZvInx`yj Avmgv Iqvm wmdv‡Zi mv‡_
mswk­ó| gnvb Avj­vni gv, gZv, `qv, cÖwZkÖ“wZ I b¨vqcivqYZvi we‡klY¸wj‡K †K›`ª K‡i G welqK gZ‡f` I wefw³
Rb¥ †bq|
(9) ivóª I gymwjg bvMwi‡Ki m¤úK© wel‡q wefw³ N‡U‡Q| cvcx gywg‡bi weavb welq‡K †K›`ª K‡i g~jZ G welqK
wefw³ Rb¥ †bq|
6. 5. 4. 2. Avnj~m mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi g~jbxwZ
Avnjym mybœv‡Zi bv‡gi g‡a¨B i‡q‡Q Zv‡`i g~jbxwZ, Zv n‡jv mybœvZ I RvgvÔAvZ| AvKx`vi wel‡q ûeû mybœv‡Zi AbymiY
Kiv, mybœv‡Zi AwZwi³ ev e¨wZµg wKQzB bv ejv, Avj-RvgvÔAvZ ev mvnvexMY I Zuv‡`i Abymvix g~javivi Zvweqx-Zvwe-
ZvweqxM‡Yi AbymiY Kiv I D¤§v‡Zi HK¨ eRvq ivLvi †Póv Kiv| G welq `ywU Avgiv Dc‡i we¯—vwiZ e¨vL¨v K‡iwQ| wb‡gœi
Aby‡”Q`¸wj‡Z gZ‡f`xq welq¸wj‡Z Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvAv‡Zi AvKx`vi g~jbxwZ¸wj ms‡‡c e¨vL¨v KiwQ|
6. 5. 4. 2. 1. AvKx`vi Drm wel‡q g~jbxwZ
Dc‡ii welq¸wj ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j Avgiv wbwðZ n‡Z cvwi †h, AvKx`vi Drm wba©vi‡Y gZ‡f`B mKj gZ‡f‡`i
Drm| we`ÔAvZx wdiKv¸wj KziAvb I nv`xm‡K mivmwi A¯^xKvi K‡i wb| Zviv KziAvb-mybœvn AvKx`vi Drm e‡j ¯^xKvi K‡i|
Z‡e Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, AwZwi³ Drm¸wjB Zv‡`i gyj wfwË| †KD AvKj, hyw³ ev `k©‡bi bv‡g Ges †KD bex-es‡ki
BgvgMY, IjxMY ev Zv‡`i cÖwZwbwaM‡bi Kvkd, BjKv, Bjnvg, Bjg jv`ybœx, gZvgZ ev e¨vL¨vi bv‡g KziAvb I nv`x‡mi
wewfbœ wb‡`©kbv wb‡R‡`i gwR©gZ MÖnY K‡i‡Q ev e¨vL¨v K‡i cwiZ¨vM K‡i‡Q|
Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvAv‡Zi m‡e©v”P I cÖavb g~jbxwZ KziAvb I mybœv‡Zi wbKU cwic~Y© AvZ¥mgc©b Ges KziAvb
Kvixg I mnxn nv`xm‡K AvKx`vi GKgvÎ g~jbxwZ wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv| †h †Kv‡bv wel‡q KziAvb Kvixg I mnxn nv`x‡mi
mKj wb‡`©kbv mgvbfv‡e MÖnY I wek¦vm Kiv| mvnvexMY I Zuv‡`i Abymvix Zvweqx-Zvwe-ZvweqxMY‡K G wel‡q Av`k©
wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv| Kzi&Avb-mybœvn Abyave‡bi wel‡q Zv‡`i gZvg‡Zi Dci wbf©i Kiv| KziAvb ev nv`x‡m †h welq D‡j­L
Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v, we‡k­lY, ¸pA_© wbY©q BZ¨vw`i Ac‡Póv bv K‡i cÖKvk¨, ¯úó I mij A‡_© Zv wek¦vm Kiv| KziAvb ev
nv`x‡m †h welq D‡j­L Kiv nq wb †m welq AvKx`vi Aš—f©y³ bv Kiv Ges †m wel‡q weZ‡K© bv Rov‡bv| G wel‡q Bgvg Ave~
nvbxdv (ivn) I Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi Ab¨vb¨ Bgv‡gi wKQz e³e¨ cÖ_g Aa¨v‡q AvKx`vi Drm Av‡jvPbv cÖm‡½
D‡j­L K‡iwQ| †gvj­v Avjx Kvix wj‡L‡Qb:
لـﺨﺩ ﺫﺇ ﺔـﻔﻴﻨﺤ ﻲﺒﺃ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺎﺴﻭﻠﺠ ﺎﻨﻜ : لﺎﻗ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻑﺴﻭﻴ ﻲﺒﺃ ﻥﻋ ﻱﻭﺭ ﻰﺘﺤ ،ﻕﺤﻟﺍ لﻴﺒﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺩﺠﻟﺍ ﻩﺭﻜﻴ ﺔﻔﻴﻨﺤ ﻭﺒﺃ ﻥﺎﻜ
ﻻ : لﺎـﻗ . ﻕﻭـﻠﺨﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻭﻫ : لﻭﻘﻴﻭ ﻪﻋﺯﺎﻨﻴ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ،ﻕﻭﻠﺨﻤ ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻟﺍ : لﻭﻘﻴ ﻥﻴﺫﻫ ﺩﺤﺃ ﻥﺇ : ﺍﻭﻟﺎﻘﻓ ،ﻥﻼﺠﺭ
ﻡﻬﻴﺩﻴﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ
ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﻋﺯﺎﻨﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﺇ : لﺎﻘﻓ ؟ﻪﻔﻠﺨ ﻰﻠﺼﻴ ﻻ ﻪﻟﺎﺒ ﺎﻤﻓ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺎﻤﺃﻭ . ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺩﻘﺒ لﻭﻘﻴ ﻻ ﻪﻨﺈﻓ ،ﻡﻌﻨﻓ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ : ﺕﻠﻘﻓ . ﺎﻤﻬﻔﻠﺨ ﺍﻭﻠﺼﺘ
ﺔﻋﺩﺒ ﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻋﺯﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍ
ÒAve~ nvbxdv (ivn) m‡Z¨i c‡_I weev`-weZK© AcQ›` Ki‡Zb| Bgvb Ave~ BDmyd (ivn) †_‡K ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, wZwb
e‡jb, Avgiv Ave~ nvbxdvi wbKU Dcweó wQjvg| GgZve¯’vq wKQz gvbyl `ye¨w³‡K wb‡q Z_vq AvMgb K‡i e‡jb: G `yR‡bi
GKRb ej‡Q, KziAvb m„ó Ges Ab¨ e¨w³ Zvi mv‡_ weZK© Ki‡Q I ej‡Q, KziAvb m„ó bq| wZwb e‡jb: G‡`i Df‡qi
Kv‡iv wcQ‡b mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡eb bv| Avwg ejjvg, cÖ_g e¨w³i wcQ‡b mvjvZ Av`vq Kie bv GK_v wVK, KviY †m
KziAv‡bi Abvw`‡Z¡ wek¦vm K‡i bv| wKš‘ wØZxq e¨w³i wcQ‡b mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv n‡e bv †Kb? wZwb e‡jb, KviY Zviv
`x‡bi wel‡q weev`-weZK© Ki‡Q Avi `x‡bi wel‡q weev`-weZK© we`ÔAvZ|Ó 996
Bgvg Zvnvex e‡jb:
ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺩﺎﺠﻨ ﻻﻭ . ﷲﺍ ﻥﻴﺩ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻨ ﻻﻭ . ﷲﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺽﻭﺨﻨ ﻻﻭ
ÒAvgiv Avj­vni wel‡q A‡nZzK wPš—v M‡e&lYvq cÖe„Ë nBbv| Avgiv Avj­vni `xb wb‡q weZK© Kwi bv Ges Avgiv cweÎ KziAv‡bi
e¨vcv‡i †Kv‡bv ev`vbyev‡` RwoZ nBbv|Ó 997
Bgvg Zvnvex e‡jb,
. ﱞﻕ�ﺤ ﻪﻠﻜ ﹺﻥﺎ�ﻴ�ﺒﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ﹺﻉ�ﺭﱠﺸﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ � ﷲﺍ ِلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻋ �ﺢ�ﺼ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻊﻴ�ﻤ�ﺠ�ﻭ
ÒkixqZ I e¨vL¨vq ivm~jyj­vn � †_‡K mnxn mb‡` hv wKQz ewY©Z n‡q‡Q meB mZ¨|Ó 998
G K_vi e¨vL¨vq Avj­vgv Beby Avwej Bh&h nvbvdx e‡jb: ÒcÖ‡Z¨K we`ÔAvZx wdiKvi g~jbxwZ GB †h, KziAvb I
nv`x‡mi e³e¨‡K Zviv Zv‡`i we`ÔAv‡Zi gvb`‡Ê A_ev hv‡K Zviv ÔAvKjx ev eyw×e„wËK `wjjÕ I Ôhyw³Õ e‡j Kíbv K‡i
267

Zvi gvb`‡Ê wePvi K‡i| hw` KziAvb-nv`x‡mi e³e¨ Zv‡`i we`ÔAvZ ev Ôhyw³Õi mv‡_ wg‡j hvq Z‡e Zviv †m e³e¨wU‡K
ÔgynKvgÕ ev ب_©nxb I my¯úó e‡j `vwe K‡i, Zv MÖnY K‡i Ges Zv‡K `jxj wn‡m‡e †ck K‡i| Avi KziAvb-nv`x‡mi †h
e³e¨ Zv‡`i we`ÔAvZ ev Ôhyw³Õ-i mv‡_ bv wg‡j †m e³e¨‡K Zviv ÔgyZvkvwenÕ ev ب_©‡evaK I A¯úó e‡j D‡j­L K‡i Ges
Zv cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i| GB cÖZ¨vL¨vb‡K Zviv ÔZvdexhÕ ev A_©-wePvi Avj­vni Kv‡Q †Q‡o †`Iqv e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i| A_ev
Zviv Giƒc e³‡e¨i A_© weK…Z K‡i Ges Giƒc weK…wZ‡K Zviv Ôe¨vL¨vÕ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i| GRb¨B Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj
RvgvÔAvZ KwVbfv‡e Zv‡`i GmKj K‡g©i cÖwZev` K‡i‡Qb| Avnjym mybœv‡Zi ixwZ GB †h, †Kv‡bvfv‡eB Zviv mnxn Ôbvm&mÕ
A_©vr KziAvb ev mnxn nv`x‡mi †Kv‡bv e³e¨ cwiZ¨vM K‡ib bv ev Zvi evB‡i hvb bv| KziAvb ev mnxn nv`x‡mi gyKvwejvq
†Kv‡bv ÔAvKjx `jxjÕ ev †Kv‡bv e¨w³i e³e¨ Zviv †ck K‡ib bv| Bgvg Zvnvex G welqwUi w`‡KB Bw½Z K‡i‡Qb|Ó 999
AvKx`vi Drm welqK g~jbxwZB Avnjym mybœv‡Zi mKj AvKx`vi gyjbxwZ e¨vL¨v K‡i|
6. 5. 4. 2. 2. Avj­vni bvg I we‡klY wel‡q g~jbxwZ
G wel‡q Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi g~jbxwZ GB †h, KziAvb I mnxn nv`x‡m Avj­vni bvg I wmdv‡Zi wel‡q hv
wKQz ejv n‡q‡Q Zv mij I ¯^vfvweK A‡_© wek¦vm Kiv, Avj­vni †Kv‡bv bvg, Kg© ev we‡klY‡K m„wói bvg, Kg© ev we‡kl‡Yi
mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv cwinvi Kiv Ges mv‡_mv‡_ Avj­vni bvg, Kg© ev we‡kl‡Yi mij I ¯^vfvweK A‡_©i evB‡i iƒcK A‡_© e¨vL¨v
Kiv eR©b Kiv| †hgb KziAvb I nv`x‡m D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, gnvb Avj­vn †Kv‡bv m„wói mv‡_ Zzjbxq bb| Avevi cvkvcvwk
gnvb Avj­vni kªeY, `k©b, K‡_vcK_b, n¯—, gyLgÊj, Avi‡ki Dci mgvmxb nIqv, †µvavwš^Z nIqv, mš‘ó nIqv BZ¨vw`
we‡klY I K‡g©i K_v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| gyRvm&wmgv ev gykvweŸnv wdiKv Avj­vni G mKj we‡klY m„wói we‡kl‡Yi gZ e‡j
Kíbv K‡i‡Q| cvš—‡i gyÕZvwhjx, Rvngx, Kv`vix I Ab¨vb¨ weåvš— wdiKv gnvb Avj­vn m„wói mv‡_ Zzjbxq bb hyw³‡Z gnvb
Avj­vni Ab¨vb¨ mKj we‡klY I Kg© A¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q| Zviv e‡j, gnvb Avj­vn‡K kªeY, `k©b, n¯—, gyLgÊj, Avi‡ki Dci
mgvmxb nIqv, †µvavwš^Z nIqv, K_v ejv BZ¨vw` we‡klY ev K‡g© we‡kwlZ Kivi A_©B n‡jv Zv‡K m„wói mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv|
KviY m„wó kªeY K‡i, K_v e‡j, mgvmxb nq, m„wói n¯— Av‡Q, gyLgÊj Av‡Q....| Kv‡RB KL‡bvB ejv hv‡e bv †h, gnvb Avj­vn
G mKj we‡kl‡Yi AwaKvix| eis wZwb G mKj we‡klY †_‡K cweÎ| KziAvb I nv`x‡m e¨eüZ G mKj we‡klY‡K iƒcK
A‡_© e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb Zuvi n¯— A_© Zuvi gZv ev Ki“Yv, Avi‡ki Dci mgvmxb nIqvi A_© AvwacZ¨ jvf Kiv|
†µvavwš^Z nIqvi A_© kvw¯— cÖ`v‡bi B”Qv Kiv, BZ¨vw`|
Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvZ G wel‡q Inxi wbKU c~Y© AvZ¥mgc©b K‡ib| Zuviv mKj wmdvZ ev we‡klY Zvi cÖK…Z
A‡_© wek¦vm K‡ib Ges we‡kl‡Yi aiY I c„K…wZi welq gnvb Avj­vni Dci †Q‡o †`b| mv‡_ mv‡_ Zuviv `„pZvi mv‡_
†NvlYv K‡ib †h, Zuvi G mKj wmdvZ ev we‡klY †Kv‡bvfv‡eB m„wói we‡kl‡Yi gZ bq| G wel‡q Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn)
e‡jb:
ﺎﻤﺃ . ﺔﻴﻠﻌﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺘﺍﺫﻟﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻔﺼﻭ ﻪﺌﺎﻤﺴﺄﺒ لﺍﺯﻴ ﻻﻭ لﺯﻴ ﻡﻟ . ﻪﻘﻠﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺀﻲﺸ
ﻪﻬﺒﺸﻴ ﻻﻭ ،ﻪﻘﻠﺨ
ﻥﻤ ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﺌﻴﺸ ﻪﺒﺸﻴ ﻻ
ﻊﻨـﺼﻟﺍﻭ ﻉﺍﺩـﺒﻹﺍﻭ
ﺀﺎﺸﻨﻹﺍﻭ ﻕﻴﺯﺭﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻕﻴﻠﺨﺘﻟﺎﻓ ﺔﻴﻠﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﺎﻤﺃﻭ ،ﺓﺩﺍﺭﻹﺍﻭ
ﺭﺼﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﻊﻤﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻼﻜﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺩﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻟﺎﻓ ﺔﻴﺘﺍﺫﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎﻔـﺼ ﻑﻼـﺨﺒ ﺎﻬﻠﻜ ﻪﻨﺎﻔﺼﻭ ... . ﻡﺴﺍ ﻻﻭ ﺔﻔﺼ ﻪﻟ ﺙﺩﺤﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻪﺌﺎﻤﺴﺃﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻔﺼﺒ
لﺍﺯﻴ ﻡﻟﻭ لﺯﻴ ﻡﻟ . لﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﺼ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ
ﺱﻔﻨﻭ ﻪﺠﻭﻭ ﺩﻴ ﻪﻟﻭ .... ﺎﻨﻌﻤﺴﻜ ﻻ ﻊﻤﺴﻴﻭ ،ﺎﻨﻤﻼﻜﻜ
ﻻ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻴﻭ ،ﺎﻨﺘﻴﺅﺭﻜ
ﻻ ﻱﺭﻴﻭ ،ﺎﻨﺘﺭﺩﻘﻜ
ﻻ ﺭﺩﻘﻴﻭ ،ﺎﻨﻤﻠﻌﻜ
ﻻ ﻡﻠﻌﻴ . ﻥﻴﻗﻭﻠﺨﻤﻟﺍ
: لﺎﻘﻴ ﻻﻭ . ﻑﻴﻜ ﻼﺒ ﺕﺎﻔﺼ ﻪﻟ ﻭﻬﻓ ﺱﻔﻨﻟﺍﻭ ﺩﻴﻟﺍﻭ ﻪﺠﻭﻟﺍ ﺭﻜﺫ
ﻥﻤ ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﷲﺍ ﻩﺭﻜﺫ ﺎﻤﻓ . ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﷲﺍ ﻩﺭﻜﺫ ﺎﻤﻜ
ﻩﺎـﻀﺭﻭ ﻪﺒـﻀﻏﻭ ،ﻑﻴﻜ
ﻼﺒ ﻪﺘﻔﺼ ﻩﺩﻴ ﻥﻜﻟﻭ ،لﺍﺯﺘﻋﻻﺍﻭ
ﺭﺩﻘﻟﺍ لﻫﺃ لﻭﻗ ﻭﻫﻭ . ﺔﻔﺼﻟﺍ لﺎﻁﺒﺇ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻥﻷ ؛ﻪﺘﻤﻌﻨ
ﻭﺃ ﻪﺘﺭﺩﻗ ﻩﺩﻴ ﻥﺇ
. ﻑﻴﻜ ﻼﺒ ﻲﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﷲﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﺼ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺎﺘﻔﺼ
ÒZuvi m„wói g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv wKQzB Zuvi mv‡_ Zzjbxq bq| wZwb Zuvi m„wói †Kv‡bv wKQzi gZ bq| wZwb Abvw` Kvj
†_‡K Abš— Kvj we`¨gvb i‡q‡Qb Zuvi bvgmg~n Ges Zuvi hvZx (mË¡vi mv‡_ mswk­ó) I wdÕjx (Kg©g~jK) wmdvZmg~n-mn|
Zuvi hvZx ev mË¡vMZ wmdvZmg~n: nvqvZ (Rxeb), Kz`ivZ (gZv), Bjg (Ávb), Kvjvg (K_v), mvgÕ (kªeY), evmvi (`k©b)
I Biv`v (B”Qv)| Avi Zuvi wdÕjx ev Kg©evPK wmdvZmg~‡ni g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q: m„wó Kiv, wih&K cÖ`vb Kiv, bem„wó Kiv, D¢veb
Kiv, ˆZwi Kiv Ges Ab¨vb¨ Kg©g~jK wmdvZ ev we‡klY| wZwb Zuvi ¸Yvewj Ges bvgmg~n-mn wZwb Abvw`-Abš—iƒ‡c
we`¨gvb| Zuvi bvg I we‡kl‡Yi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv bZzbZ¡ ev cwieZ©b N‡U wb| ... Zuvi mKj we‡klYB gvLj~K‡`i ev m„ócÖvYx‡`i
we‡kl‡Yi wecixZ ev e¨wZµg| wZwb Rv‡bb, Z‡e Zuvi Rvbv Avgv‡`i Rvbvi gZ bq| wZwb gZv iv‡Lb, Z‡e Zuvi gZv
Avgv‡`i gZvi gZ bq| wZwb †`‡Lb, Z‡e Zuvi †`Lv Avgv‡`i †`Lvi gZ bq| wZwb K_v e‡jb, Z‡e Zuvi K_v ejv
Avgv‡`i K_vi gZ bq| wZwb ï‡bb, Z‡e Zuvi †kvbv Avgv‡`i †kvbvi gZ bq| ... Zuvi Bqv` (n¯—) Av‡Q, IqvRn
(gyLgÊj) Av‡Q, bdm (mËv) Av‡Q, KviY Avj­vn KziAv‡b G¸wj D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| KziAvb Kvix‡g Avj­vn hv wKQz D‡j­L
K‡i‡Qb, †hgb gyLgÊj, nvZ, bdm BZ¨vw` meB Zvi we‡klY †Kv‡bviƒc Ô¯^iƒcÕ, wKiƒc, cÖK…wZ ev wKfv‡e Zv wbY©q
e¨wZ‡i‡K| G K_v ejv hv‡e bv †h, Zuvi nvZ A_© Zuvi gZv A_ev Zuvi wbqvgZ| KviY Giƒc e¨vL¨v Kivi A_© Avj­vni
268

wmdvZ ev we‡klY evwZj K‡i †`Iqv| Giƒc e¨vL¨v Kiv Kv`vixqv I gyÕZvwhjv m¤cÖ`v‡qi gvbyl‡`i ixwZ| eis Zuvi nvZ
Zuvi we‡klY (wmdvZ), †Kv‡bv ¯^iƒc wbY©q e¨wZ‡i‡K| Zuvi †µva Ges Zuvi mš‘wó Zuvi `ywU we‡klY (wmdvZ), Avj­vni
Ab¨vb¨ we‡kl‡Yi gZB, †Kv‡bviƒc wKiƒc, wKfv‡e ev †Kgb K‡i cÖkœ Kiv QvovB| 1000
†gvj­v Avjx Kvix e‡jb:
ﺭﺍﺭﻘﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺔﺠﺎﺤ ﻪﻟ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻤ ،ﻯﻭﺘﺴﺍ ﺵﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﷲﺍ ﻥﺄﺒ ﺭﻘﻨ"
: ﺔﻴﺼﻭﻟﺍ ﻪﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ ﷲﺍ ﻪﻤﺤﺭ ﻡﻅﻋﻷﺍ
ﻡﺎﻤﻹﺍ لﺎﻗﻭ
ﺎﺠﺎﺘﺤﻤ ﺭﺎﺼ ﻭﻟﻭ ،ﻕﻭﻠﺨﻤﻟﺎﻜ ﻩﺭﻴﺒﺩﺘﻭ ﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺩﻗ ﺎﻤﻟ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﺎﺠﺎﺘﺤﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻭﻠﻓ ،ﺵﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﺵﺭﻌﻠﻟ ﻅﻓﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻪﻴﻠﻋ
ﻙـﻟﺎﻤ ﻡﺎـﻤﻹﺍ لﺎﻗ ﺎﻤ ﻡﻌﻨﻭ . ﻰﻬﺘﻨﺍ ،"
ﹰﺍﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺍﻭﻠﻋ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻥﻋ ﻩﺯﻨﻤ ﻭﻬﻓ ؟ﻰﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﷲﺍ
ﻥﺎﻜ ﻥﻴﺃ ﺵﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ لﺒﻘﻓ ﺭﺍﺭﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﺱﻭﻠﺠﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ
ﺏﺠﺍﻭ ﻪﺒ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻋﺩﺒ ﻪﻨﻋ لﺍﺅﺴﻟﺍﻭ ،لﻭﻬﺠﻤ ﻑﻴﻜﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻤ ﺀﺍﻭﺘﺴﻻﺍ : لﺎﻘﻓ ،ﺀﺍﻭﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻥﻋ لﺌﺴ ﺙﻴﺤ ﷲﺍ ﻪﻤﺤﺭ
ÒBgvg AvÔhg (ivn) Zuvi ÔImxqvZÕ bvgK cy¯—‡K e‡j‡Qb: ÒAvgiv ¯^xKvi I wek¦vm Kwi †h, gnvb Avj­vn Avi‡ki
Dci mgvmxb, Avi‡ki cÖwZ Zuvi †Kv‡bviƒc cÖ‡qvRb e¨wZ‡i‡K Ges Avi‡ki Dc‡i w¯’iZvi cÖ‡qvRb e¨wZ‡i‡K| wZwb Avik
I Ab¨ mewKQzi msiK| wZwb hw` Avi‡ki gyLv‡cx n‡Zb Zvn‡j wek¦ m„wó Ki‡Z I cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb bv, eis
wZwb gvLj~‡Ki gZ cigyLv‡cx n‡q †h‡Zb| Avi hw` Zvi Avi‡ki Dc‡i Dc‡ekb Kivi ev w¯’i nIqvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
_v‡K Z‡e Avik m„wói c~‡e© wZwb †Kv_vq wQ‡jb? Kv‡RB Avj­vn G mKj welq †_‡K cweÎ I A‡bK A‡bK E‡aŸ©|Ó
G wel‡q Bgvg gvwjK (ivn) LyeB fvj K_v e‡j‡Qb| Zuv‡K Avj­vni Avi‡ki Dc‡i mgvmxb nIqvi wel‡q cÖkœ
Kiv n‡j wZwb e‡jb: Òmgvmxb nIqvi welqwU cwiÁvZ, Gi c×wZ ev ¯^iƒc AÁvZ, G wel‡q cÖkœ Kiv we`ÔAvZ Ges G
welq wek¦vm Kiv Ri“ix|Ó 1001
Bgvg Zvnvex (ivn) e‡jb,
ﻲﺴﺭﻜﻟﺍﻭ ﺵﺭﻌﻟﺍﻭ . . ﺕﺎﻋﺩﺘﺒﻤﻟﺍ
ﺭﺌﺎﺴﻜ ﺕﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﻪﻴﻭﺤﺘ ﻻ ،ﺕﺍﻭﺩﻷﺍ ﺀﺎﻀﻋﻷﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻜﺭﻷﺍ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺎﻐﻟﺍﻭ ﺩﻭﺩﺤﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻰﻟﺎﻌﺘﻭ
. ﻪﻘﻠﺨ ﺔﻁﺎﺤﻹﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺯﺠﻋﺃ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻪﻗﻭﻓﻭ ﺀﻲﺸ لﻜﺒ ﻁﻴﺤﻤ . ﻪﻨﻭﺩ ﺎﻤﻭ ﺵﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻥﻐﺘﺴﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ . ﻕﺤ
ÒAvj­vn& mxgv-cwiwa, A½-cÖZ¨½ I Dcv`vb-DcKi‡Yi eû D‡a©| hveZxq D¢vweZ m„ó e¯‘i b¨vq Zvu‡K lô w`K cwi‡eób
Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Avj­vni Avik I Kzimx (Avmb) mZ¨| cÖwZwU e¯‘ Zvui cwi‡eó‡b i‡q‡Q Ges wZwb mewKQzi D‡a©|
m„wóRMZ Zvu‡K AvqZ¡ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|Ó 1002
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †`‡LwQ †h, BdwZiv‡Ki †‡Î AwaKvsk gZ‡f`xq welqB gnvb Avj­vni ZvInx`yj Avmgv I wmdvZ
welqK| Avi G RvZxq mKj wel‡qB Zuviv G gyjbxwZ AbymiY K‡i‡Qb|
6. 5. 4. 2. 3. wimvjvZ I wejvqvZ wel‡q g~jbxwZ
G wel‡q Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi g~jbxwZ KziAvb I nv`x‡mi me©RbxbZvq wek¦vm Kiv| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi c‡i
†Kv‡bv e¨w³i wb®úvcZ¡, Aåvš—Zv ev we‡kl Áv‡b wek¦vm bv Kiv| Zuviv Kvkd, Bjnvg, BjKv BZ¨vw`i Aw¯—Z¡ wek¦vm K‡ib Ges
G¸wj‡K e¨w³ gywg‡bi Rb¨ ÔKvivgZÕ ev gh©v`v I wbqvgZ e‡j MY¨ K‡ib| wKš‘ G¸wj‡K AvKx`vi Drm wn‡m‡e ev KziAvbmybœvni
e¨vL¨vi Drm wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡ib bv| Avwjg ev eRyM© e¨w³ hZB eo †nvb, wZwb KL‡bvB BmgvZ ev Aåvš—Zvi c`gh©v`v
cv‡eb bv| Zvi A‡bK mwVK g‡Zi cvkvcvwk wKQz fyj gZ _vK‡e GUvB ¯^vfvweK| ïay ¯^vfvweKB bq, eis mywbwðZ| G wel‡q
Bgvg gvwjK (ivn) e‡jb:
ﻡﻠﺴﻭ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﷲﺍ ﻰﻠﺼ ﺭﺒﻘﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺏﺤﺎﺼ ﻻﺍ ﻙﺭﺘﻴﻭ ﻪﻟﻭﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺫﺨﺅﻴ ﺩﺤﺃ
لﻜ
ÒcÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³iB wKQz gZ MÖnY Kiv nq Ges wKQz gZ ev` †`Iqv nq, GKgvÎ e¨wZµg G Ke‡i whwb kvwqZ Av‡Qb
wZwbB, A_©vr ivm~jyj­vn �|Ó 1003
Gfv‡e Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi BgvgM‡Yi wbKU ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi c‡i Avi Kv‡iv K_vB wbwe©Pv‡i MÖnY Kiv
nq bv| KziAvb I mybœv‡Zi gvb`‡Ê hvPvB K‡iB mKj K_v MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| Kv‡iv K_v w`‡q KziAvb ev mybœvZ wePvi Kiv hvq
bv, eis KziAvb I mybœvZ w`‡q cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki K_v hvPvB K‡i MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| AgyK e‡j‡Qb Kv‡RB Zv `x‡bi cÖgvY ev AvKx`vi
`jxj Giƒc wPš—v Kivi †Kv‡bv my‡hvM Bmjv‡g †bB|
Avj­vgv Dgi Beby gynv¤§v` Avb-bvmvdx (537 wn.) Zuvi ÒAvj-AvKvB` Avb bvmvwdq¨vnÓ I Aóg kZ‡Ki cÖL¨vZ kv‡dqx
Bgvg Avj­vgv mvÕ` DÏxb gvmE` Beby Dgi AvZ-ZvdZvhvbx (791 wn) Zuvi Òkviûj AvKvB` Avb bvmvwdq¨vnÓ Ñ†Z wj‡L‡Qb:
269
ﻕﺤﻟﺍ لﻫﺃ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺀﻲﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﺤﺼﺒ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺱﻴﻟ ﺽﻴﻔﻟﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁﺒ ﺏﻠﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﺀﺎﻘﻟﺈﺒ ﺭﺴﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻬﻟﻹﺍ

Òn°cš’xM‡Yi wbKU Bjnvg ev BjKv †Kv‡bv wKQyi mwVKZ¡ Rvbvi †Kv‡bv gva¨g bq|Ó 1004
Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvZ mvnvexMY, bex-esk Ges †bKKvi gvbyl‡`i fw³ I fvjevmvq Zuviv ga¨cš’v Aej¤^b
K‡i‡Qb| Zuviv †bKKvi gvbyl‡`i‡K fvjev‡mb, wKš‘ Kv‡iv fvjevmvq evovevwo K‡ib bv| Zuviv mKj gywgb‡K Avj­vni Ijx
e‡j MY¨ K‡ib, hvi ZvKIqv I KziAvb-mybœv‡Zi AvbyMZ¨ hZ †ewk †m ZZ †ewk Kvwgj Ijx e‡j wek¦vm K‡ib| Z‡e
KziAvb Kvix‡g ev nv`xm kix‡d hv‡`i wel‡q Rvbœv‡Zi K_v D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q Zuviv Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K mywbwðZ ÔIjxÕ ejv
†Zv `~‡ii K_v, mywbwðZ RvbœvZx e‡jI mv¨ †`b bv| eis Zv‡`i wel‡q fvj aviYv †cvlY K‡ib Ges Zv‡`i Rvbœv‡Zi
Avkv K‡ib| G cÖm‡½ Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) e‡jb:
ﻭﺫ ﻥﺎﻔﻋ ﻥﺒ ﻥﺎﻤﺜﻋ ﻡﺜ ﻕﻭﺭﺎﻔﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻟﺍ ﻥﺒ ﺭﻤﻋ ﻡﺜ ﻕﻴﺩﺼﻟﺍ ﺭﻜﺒ ﻭﺒﺃ ﻡﻼﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﻼﺼﻟﺍ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﺒﻨﻟﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺱﺎﻨﻟﺍ لﻀﻓﺃﻭ
ﻻﻭ ﺎـﻌﻴﻤﺠ ﻡﻫﻻﻭﺘﻨ ،ﻕﺤﻟﺍ
ﻊﻤﻭ ﻕﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﺘﺒﺎﺜ ﻥﻴﺩﺒﺎﻋ ،ﻥﻴﻌﻤﺠﺃ
ﻲﻟﺎﻌﺘ ﷲﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻀﺭ ﻲﻀﺘﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﺏﻟﺎﻁ ﻲﺒﺃ ﻥﺒ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻡﺜ ﻥﻴﺭﻭﻨﻟﺍ
. ﺭﻴﺨﺒ ﻻﺇ � ﷲﺍ لﻭﺴﺭَ ﺏﺎﺤﺼﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺩﺤﺃ ﺭﻜﺫﻨ
ÒbexM‡Yi (Av) c‡i gvbe RvwZi g‡a¨ m‡e©vËg I me©‡kªô n‡jb Ave~ evK&i wmÏxK, Zuvi c‡i Dgvi Bebyj LvËve
Avj-dviƒK, Zuvi c‡i hybœyivBb Dmgvb Beby Avd&dvb, Zuvi c‡i Avjx Beby Avex Zvwje Avj-gyiZvhv, ivw`qvj­vû Avbûg
AvRgvCb, Avj­vn Zuv‡`i mK‡ji cÖwZ mš‘ó nb| Zuvi AvRxeb Avj­vni Bev`‡Zi †_‡K‡Qb Ges m‡Z¨i Dc‡i I m‡Z¨i
mv‡_ mycÖwZwôZ †_‡K‡Qb| Avgiv Zuv‡`i mKj‡KB fvjevwm I Ijx wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kwi| Avgiv ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi †Kv‡bv
GKRb mvnvexi wel‡qI fvj K_v Qvov wKQz ewj bv|" 1005
G wel‡q Bgvg Zvnvex (ivn) e‡jb:
ﺭـﻴﺨﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻐﺒﻭ ﻡﻬﻀﻐﺒﻴ ﻥﻤ ﺽﻐﺒﻨﻭ ،ﻡﻬﻨﻤ ﺩﺤﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺃﺭﺒﺘﻨ ﻻﻭ . ﻡﻬﻨﻤ ﺩﺤﺃ ﺏﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻁﺭﻔﻨ ﻻﻭ ،�
ﷲﺍ لﻭﺴﺭ ﺏﺎﺤﺼﺃ ﺏﺤﻨ
ﻡﻬﻟ ﺩﻬﺸ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻨﺠﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﻬﻟ ﺩﻬﺸﻨ ﺔﻨﺠﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﻫﺭﺸﺒﻭ
� ﷲﺍ لﻭﺴﺭ ﻡﻫﺎﻤﺴ ﻥﻴﺫﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺸﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺇﻭ ... . ﺭﻴﺨﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻡﻫ ﺭﻜﺫﻨ ﻻﻭ . ﻡﻫﺭﻜﺫﻴ
ﻥﻴﺴﺩﻘﻤﻟﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺭﺫﻭ ﺱﻨﺩ لﻜ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺍﺭﻫﺎﻁﻟﺍ ﻪﺠﺍﻭﺯﺃﻭ ،�
ﷲﺍ لﻭﺴﺭ ﺏﺎﺤﺼﺃ ﻲﻓ َلﻭﻘﻟﺍ ﻥﺴﺤﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤﻭ
... ﻕﺤﻟﺍ ﻪﻟﻭﻗﻭ � ﷲﺍ لﻭﺴﺭ
،ﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍﻭ ﻪﻘﻔﻟﺍ
لﻫﺃﻭ ،ﺭﺜﻷﺍ ﺭﻴﺨﻟﺍ لﻫﺃ ،ﻥﻴﻌﺒﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻫﺩﻌﺒ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﻥﻴﻘﺒﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻑﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻋﻭ . ﻕﺎﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺉﺭﺒ ﺩﻘﻓ ﺱﺠﺭ لﻜ ﻥﻤ
. لﻴﺒﺴﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭﻬﻓ ﺀﻭﺴﺒ ﻡﻫﺭﻜﺫ ﻥﻤﻭ ،لﻴﻤﺠﻟﺎﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻥﻭﺭﻜﺫﻴ ﻻ
ÒAvgiv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi mvnvexMY‡K fvjevwm| Zuv‡`i Kv‡iv fvjevmvq evovevwo Kwi bv Ges Zuv‡`i Kv‡iv cÖwZ
Afw³ ev m¤úK©nxbZv †NvlYv Kwi bv| hviv mvnvexMY‡K we‡Øl K‡i ev N„Yv K‡i ev fvjfv‡e Qvov Zv‡`i D‡j­L K‡i Avgviv
Zv‡`i‡K N„Yv Kwi| Avgiv Zuv‡`i‡K fvj K_v Qvov D‡j­L Kwi bv| ... ivm~jyj­vn (�) †h `kRb mvnvexi bvg D‡j­L K‡i
Zv‡`i RvbœvZevmx nIqvi mymsev` `vb K‡i‡Qb Avgvi Zvui GB mv‡¨i wfwˇZ Zv‡`i RvbœvZevmx nIqvi mv¨ cÖ`vb Kwi|
†Kbbv, Zvui Dw³ mZ¨| ... †h e¨w³ ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi mvnvexMY, Zvui wb®‹jyl mnawg©bx I cyZ-cweÎ wbg©j eskaiMY m¤ú‡K©
DËg gš—e¨ Ki‡jv †m †bdvK †_‡K gy³ n‡jv| cÖ_g hy‡Mi mvj‡d mv‡jnxb I Zvu‡`i mwVK Abymvix cieZx©Kv‡ji Av‡jgMY
hviv n‡jb Kj¨vY I HwZ‡n¨i cÖZxK Ges ag© Áv‡b cvi`kx© wPš—vwe`, h_v‡hvM¨ K…ZÁZv I m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ Zvu‡`i D‡j­L Ki‡Z
nq| Avi †h Zvu‡`i m¤ú‡K© KUzw³ ev weiƒc gš—e¨ K‡i †m åvš— c‡_i Abymvix|Ó 1006
PZz_© Aa¨v‡q KvivgvZzj AvDwjqv cÖm‡½ Avgiv †`‡LwQ, D¤§v‡Zi IjxM‡Yi cwiP‡q Bgvg Zvnvex e‡j‡Qb: ÒmKj gywgb
Ki“Yvgq Avj­vni Ijx| Zuv‡`i ga¨ †_‡K †h hZ †ewk Avj­vni AbyMZ I KziAv‡bi AbymiYKvix †m ZZ‡ewk Avj­vni wbKU
m¤§vwbZ|Ó Avgiv Av‡iv †`‡LwQ †h, Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn), Bgvg Zvnvex (ivn) cÖgyL Bgvg D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, Cgvb I
gvÕwidv‡Zi w`K †_‡K mKj gywgbB mgvb, Kv‡RB †ejvqv‡Zi Kg‡ewk ZvKIqv I AvbyMZ¨ Abymi‡Yi wfwˇZB nq, †Kv‡bv
e¨w³i we‡kl m¤úK©, esk, BZ¨vw`i Kvi‡Y bq|
gywgb‡`i wel‡q I IjxM‡Yi wel‡q G n‡jv Avnjym mybœv‡Zi mvaviY AvKx`v| kxqv ev Ab¨vb¨ weåvš— m¤cÖ`v‡qi gZ
Zuviv IjxM‡Yi gh©v`v welqK mvaviY AvqvZ I nv`xm‡K cyuwR K‡i wbw`©ó KvD‡K Ijx e‡j wbwðZ K‡ib bv ev Zv‡K Aåvš—
e‡j `vwe K‡i Zvi gZvgZ‡K KziAvb ev nv`x‡mi GKgvÎ e¨vL¨v ev AvKx`vi Drm wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡ib bv| †KejgvÎ
KziAvb ev nv`x‡m hv‡`ii Rvbœv‡Zi mymsev` cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q Zuv‡`i‡KB RvbœvZx e‡j mv¨ †`b| Avi Zuv‡`i RvbœvZ I
wejvqv‡Zi mv¨‡K Zuviv Aåvš—Zvi mv¨ e‡j MY¨ K‡ib bv| eis Zuviv ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi c‡i KvD‡K gvÕm~g ev wb®úvc,
wbfyj ev Aåvš— e‡j wek¦vm K‡ib bv| Bgvg Zvnvex e‡jb:
ﺭﻔﻐﺘﺴﻨﻭ ،ﺔﻨﺠﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﻬﻟ ﺩﻬﺸﻨ ﻻﻭ ،ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﻤﺄﻨ ﻻﻭ ،ﻪﺘﻤﺤﺭﺒ ﺔﻨﺠﻟﺍ ﻡﻬﻠﺨﺩﻴﻭ ﻡﻬﻨﻋ ﻭﻔﻌﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻴﻨﻤﺅﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻨﺴﺤﻤﻠﻟ ﻭﺠﺭﻨﻭ
ﻡﻬﻁﻨﻘﻨ ﻻﻭ ،ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻑﺎﺨﻨﻭ ،ﻡﻬﺌﻴﺴﻤﻟ
Ò†bKKvi ev Bnmvb AR©bKvix gywgb‡`i wel‡q Avgiv Avkv †cvlY Kwi †h, gnvb Avj­vn `qv K‡i Zv‡`i gv
270

Ki‡eb Ges RvbœvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡eb, Z‡e Avgiv Zv‡`i wel‡q wbwðZ wbivcËv Abyfe Kwi bv Ges Zv‡`i Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Zi mv¨
cª`vb Kwi bv| Avi Avgvi cvcx gywgb‡`i Rb¨ gv cÖv_©bv Kwi Ges Zv‡`i wel‡q fxwZ Abyfe Kwi| Z‡e Zv‡`i‡K wbivk
Kwi bv|Ó 1007
G e³‡e¨i e¨vL¨v cÖm‡½ Avj­vgv Beby Avwej Bh&h e‡jb: ÒwelqwU †h‡nZz Giƒc †m‡nZz ivm~jyj­vn � hvi wel‡q Rvbœv‡Zi
mv¨ w`‡q‡Qb wZwb Qvov D¤§v‡Zi †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó e¨w³i wel‡q Zv‡K RvbœvZx e‡j wbwðZ nIqv hv‡e bv, eis Avgiv †bKKvi ev
Bnmv‡bi ch©v‡q †cuŠQv‡bv gywgb‡`i Rb¨ Avkv‡eva Kwi Ges Zv‡`i wel‡q fxwZI †eva Kwi|Ó 1008
Bgvg Zvnvex Ab¨Î e‡jb:
ﺍ�ﺭﺎﹶﻨ ﻻ�ﻭ ﺔﱠﻨ�ﺠ �ﻡ�ﻬﹾﻨ�ﻤ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤَﺃ ُلﹺﺯﹾﻨﹸﻨ ﻻ�ﻭ
ÒAvgiv gywgb‡`i KvD‡K Rvbœv‡Z ev Rvnvbœv‡g AeZiY KviB bv|Ó 1009
Gi e¨vL¨vq Beby Avwej Bh&h e‡jb: ÒBgvg Zvnvex ej‡Qb †h, Avgiv Avnj~ wKejvi ga¨ †_‡K †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó e¨w³i
wel‡q ewj bv †h, †m RvbœvZx A_ev Rvnvbœvgx| †KejgvÎ ivm~jyj­vn � hvi wel‡q RvbœvZx e‡j msev` w`‡q‡Qb Zv‡`i‡KB Avgiv
RvbœvZx ewj, †hgb Avkviv‡q gyevk&kviv| Avgiv hw`I ewj †h, Kexiv †Mvbv‡n wjß gywgb‡`i hv‡K Pvb Avj­vn Rvnvbœv‡g cÖ‡ek
Kiv‡eb Ges Gici kvdvÔAvZKvix‡`i kvdvÔAv‡Z Zv‡`i‡K †mLvb †_‡K †ei Ki‡eb, Z‡e Avgiv wbw`©ó †Kv‡bv e¨w³i wel‡q
wbwðZ gZvgZ cÖKvk Kiv †_‡K weiZ _vwK| Inxi Ávb Qvov Avgiv Zvi Rvbœv‡Zi mv¨ †`B bv, Rvnvbœv‡gi mv¨I †`B bv|
KviY cÖK…Z welq †Zv ¸ß i‡q‡Q| †K wKfv‡e g„Zz¨eiY K‡i‡Qb Ges g„Zz¨i mgq Zvi wK Ae¯’v wQj Zv Avgiv †KD Rvwb bv|
Z‡e Avgiv †bKKvi ev Bnmvb AR©bKvix‡`i m¤ú‡K© fvj Avkv Kwi Ges cvcx‡`i wel‡q fq †cvlY Kwi|Ó 1010
6. 5. 4. 2. 4. cvcx gywgb welqK g~jbxwZ
c~e©eZ©x Aa¨v‡q ZvKdxi welqK g~jbxwZ Av‡jvPbv Kv‡j Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, cvcx gymwj‡gi wel‡q Avnjym mybœvZ
Iqvj RvgvÔAvZ ga¨cš’v Aej¤^b K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i‡K mywbwðZ Rvnvbœvgx ev RvbœvZx e‡jb wb| eis kvw¯—, gv ev kvw¯—
c~e©K gvi ci Zv‡`i Rvbœv‡Zi Avkv †cvlY K‡i‡Qb| G wel‡q KziAvb, nv`xm I mvnvexM‡Yi gZvg‡Zi Av‡jv‡K
BgvgM‡Yi e³e¨ Avgiv c~e©eZ©x Aa¨v‡q †`‡LwQ|
6. 5. 4. 2. 5. ivóª I bvMwiK welqK gyjbxwZ
Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g `ywU wdiKv: kxqv I LvwiRx wdiKvi D¢e I D‡b¥l N‡UwQj ivR‰bwZK wek¦v‡mi wfwˇZ| ivR‰bwZK
wek¦vm‡K †K›`ª K‡i ag©xq wek¦v‡mi wefw³ N‡U| we‡klZ LvwiRxMY G wel‡q `ywU AvKx`vi D¢veb K‡i: (1) cvcx e¨w³i
Bgvg‡Zi A‰eaZv Ges (2) cvcx Bgv‡gi Acmvi‡Yi Avek¨KZv| Zv‡`i `vwe wQj †h, cvcx e¨w³ Kvwdi, Avi Kvwdi e¨w³
mvjv‡Zi ev iv‡óªi BgvgwZ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| eis gywg‡bi Rb¨ dih †h, Giƒc Bgv‡gi wei“‡× mrKv‡R Av‡`k I AmrKv‡R
wb‡l‡ai Ask wn‡m‡e we‡`ªvn Ki‡e Ges wRnv` K‡i G‡K AcmviY Ki‡e|
G wel‡q KziAvb I nv`x‡mi mKj wb‡`©kbv MÖnY Kivi g~jbxwZi Av‡jv‡K mvnvexMY I Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Z
AvwjgMY ga¨cš’v Aej¤^b K‡i‡Qb| Zuv‡`i g‡Z Ab¨vb¨ gywg‡bi b¨vq cvcx kvm‡Ki †‡ÎI cv‡ci Kvi‡Y Zv‡K Kvwdi ejv
hvq bv, hZY bv mywbwðZ Kzdix ev wki‡K †m wbcwZZ nq| cvcx kvmK-cÖkvm‡Ki cvc †hgb mg_©b Kiv hv‡e bv, †Zgvwb Zvi
cv‡ci Kvi‡Y ivóªxq k„•Ljv bó ev we‡`ªvn Kiv hv‡e bv| ga¨cš’v Aej¤^b K‡i ms‡kva‡bi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e Ges ivóªxq HK¨ I
kvwš— eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e| Beby AveŸvm (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡j‡Qb:
ﺍ�ﺭ�ﺒـ�ﺸ ( ﹺﻥﺎﹶﻁﹾﻠـ�ﺴﻟﺍ �ﻥـ�ﻤ �ﺝ�ﺭﹶﺨ : ﻅﻔﻟ ﻲﻓﻭ)
ﹶﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﻤ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ ﹶﻕ�ﺭﺎﹶﻓ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺈﹶﻓ
�ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﺭﹺﺒ�ﺼ�ﻴﹾﻠﹶﻓ �ﻪ�ﻫ�ﺭﹾﻜ�ﻴ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ �ﻩﹺﺭﻴ�ﻤَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻯَﺃ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ
ﹰﺔ�ﻴ�ﻠ�ﻫﺎ�ﺠ ﹰﺔﹶﺘﻴ�ﻤ ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤ ﻻِﺇ ﹶﺕﺎ�ﻤﹶﻓ
Ò‡KD Zvi kvmK ev cÖkvmK †_‡K †Kvb AcQ›`bxq welq †`L‡j Zv‡K ‰ah¨© aviY Ki‡Z n‡e| KviY hw` †KD
RvgvÔAv‡Zi (mgvR ev iv‡ói H‡K¨i ev msL¨vMwiô Rb‡Mvôxi wm×v‡š—i) evB‡i, wØZxq eY©bvq: ivóªxq AvbyM‡Z¨i evB‡i GK
weNZI †ei n‡q hvq Ges GB Ae¯’vq g„Zy¨ eiY K‡i, Zvn‡j †m Rvwnjx g„Zy¨ eiY Kij|Ó 1011
D¤§y mvjvgv (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn (�) e‡jb,
ﺎـ�ﻴ ﺍﻭﹸﻟﺎﹶﻗ �ﻊ�ﺒﺎﹶﺘ�ﻭ �ﻲ�ﻀ�ﺭ �ﻥ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻜﹶﻟ�ﻭ �ﻡ�ﻠ�ﺴ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﺭﹶﻜﹾﻨَﺃ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ َﺉﹺﺭ�ﺒ �ﺩﹶﻘﹶﻓ �ﻩﹺﺭﹶﻜ �ﻥ�ﻤﹶﻓ �ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻜﹾﻨﹸﺘ�ﻭ �ﻥﻭﹸﻓﹺﺭ�ﻌﹶﺘﹶﻓ �ﺀﺍ�ﺭ�ﻤُﺃ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ ُل�ﻤ�ﻌﹶﺘ�ﺴ�ﻴ �ﻪﱠﻨِﺇ
ﺍ�ﻭﱠﻠ�ﺼ ﺎ�ﻤ ﻻ َلﺎﹶﻗ �ﻡ�ﻬﹸﻠ�ﺘﺎﹶﻘﹸﻨ ﻻَﺃ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َلﻭ�ﺴ�ﺭ
ÒAwP‡iB †Zvgv‡`i Dci A‡bK kvmK cÖkvmK Avm‡e hviv b¨vq I Ab¨vq Dfq cÖKv‡ii KvR Ki‡e| †h e¨w³ Zv‡`i
271

Ab¨vq‡K N„Yv Ki‡e †m Ab¨v‡qi Aciva †_‡K gy³ n‡e| Avi †h e¨w³ AvcwË Ki‡e †m (Avj­vni Amš‘wó †_‡K) wbivcËv cv‡e|
wKš‘ †h G mKj Ab¨vq KvR †g‡b †b‡e ev Zv‡`i AbymiY Ki‡e (†m euvP‡Z cvi‡e bv|)Ó mvnvexMY e‡jb, †n Avj­vni ivm~j,
Avgiv wK Zv‡`i wei“‡× hy× Kie bv? wZwb e‡jb, Òbv, hZY Zviv mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e|Ó 1012
AvDd Beby gvwjK (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyj­vn � e‡j‡Qb,
�ﺔ�ﻋ ﺎﹶﻁ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺍ�ﺩ�ﻴ �ﻥ�ﻋﹺﺯﹾﻨ�ﻴ ﻻ�ﻭ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺔ�ﻴ�ﺼ�ﻌ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻲ�ﺘْﺄ�ﻴ ﺎ�ﻤ �ﻩ�ﺭﹾﻜ�ﻴﹾﻠﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ �ﺔ�ﻴ�ﺼ�ﻌ�ﻤ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﺎًﺌ�ﻴﹶﺸ ﻲ�ﺘْﺄ�ﻴ �ﻩﺁ�ﺭﹶﻓ ٍلﺍ�ﻭ �ﻪ�ﻴﹶﻠ�ﻋ �ﻲِﻟ�ﻭ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﻻَﺃ
Ò†Zvgiv ûwkqvi _vK‡e! †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡iv Dc‡i hw` †Kv‡bv kvmK-cÖkvmK wbhy³ nq Ges †m †`L‡Z cvq †h, D³ kvmK
ev cÖkvmK Avj­vni Aeva¨Zvi †Kv‡bv Kv‡R wjß n‡”Q, Z‡e †m †hb Avj­vni Aeva¨Zvi D³ Kg©‡K N„Yv K‡i, wKš‘ AvbyMZ¨ †_‡K
nvZ ¸wU‡q †b‡e bv|Ó 1013
Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) e‡jb:
. ﺓﺯﺌﺎﺤ ﻥﻴﻨﻤﺅﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺠﺎﻓﻭ ﺭﺒ لﻜ ﻑﻠﺨ ﺓﻼﺼﻟﺍﻭ
ÒGes mKj †bKKvi I e`Kvi gywg‡bi wcQ‡b mvjvZ Av`vq ˆea|Ó 1014
Bgvg Zvnvex (ivn) e‡jb:
ﻭﻋﺩـﻨ ﻻﻭ ،ﺍﻭﺭﺎﺠ ﻥﺇﻭ ﺎﻨﺭﻭﻤﺃ ﺓﻻﻭﻭ ﺎﻨﺘﻤﺌﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺝﻭﺭﺨﻟﺍ ﻱﺭﻨ ﻻﻭ ... ﺔﻠﺒﻘﻟﺍ لﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺠﺎﻓﻭ ﺭﺒ لﻜ ﻑﻠﺨ ﺓﻼﺼﻟﺍ ﻯﺭﻨﻭ
ﺡﻼـﺼﻟﺎﺒ ﻡﻬﻟ ﻭﻋﺩﻨﻭ . ﺔﻴﺼﻌﻤﺒ ﺍﻭﺭﻤﺄﻴ ﻡﻟ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻀﻴﺭﻓ لﺠﻭ ﺯﻋ ﷲﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻁ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻬﺘﻋﺎﻁ ﻯﺭﻨﻭ . ﻡﻬﺘﻋﺎﻁ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺩﻴ ﻉﺯﻨﻨ ﻻﻭ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ
ﻥـﻤ ﺭـﻤﻷﺍ ﻲـﻟﻭﺃ ﻊـﻤ ﻥﺎﻴﻀ ﺎﻤ ﺩﺎﻬﺠﻟﺍﻭ ﺞﺤﻟﺍﻭ .... . ﺔﻨﺎﻴﺨﻟﺍﻭ ﺭﻭﺠﻟﺍ لﻫﺃ ﺽﻐﺒﻨﻭ ،ﺔﻨﺎﻤﻷﺍﻭ لﺩﻌﻟﺍ لﻫﺃ ﺏﺤﻨﻭ ... ﺓﺎﻓﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍﻭ
. ﺎﻤﻬﻀﻘﻨﻴ ﻻﻭ ﺀﻲﺸ ﺎﻤﻬﻠﻁﺒﻴ ﻻ ،ﺔﻋﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻴﻗ ﻰﻟﺇ ،ﻡﻫﺭﺠﺎﻓﻭ ﻡﻫﺭﺒ ﻥﻴﻤﻠﺴﻤﻟﺍ
ÒAvgiv wKejvcš’x cÖ‡Z¨K ‡bKKvi I e`Kvi gymwj‡gi wcQ‡b mvjvZ Kv‡qg Kiv ... ˆea g‡b Kwi| ... Avgv‡`i Bgvg ev
kvmKeM© AZ¨vPvi Ki‡jI Zv‡`i wei“‡× we‡`ªvn ˆea g‡b Kwi bv| Avgiv Zv‡`i‡K Awfkvc cÖ`vb Kwi bv Ges Zv‡`i
AvbyMZ¨I eR©b Kwi bv| Avgiv Zv‡`i cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨‡K Avj­vniB AvbyM‡Z¨i Ask wn‡m‡e dih g‡b Kwi hZY bv Zviv †Kv‡bv
cvc K‡g©i wb‡`©k †`q| Avi Zv‡`i ms‡kvab I msi‡Yi Rb¨ `yÔAv Kwi| Avgiv b¨vqwePviK I `vwqZ¡evb-AvgvbZ Av`vqKvix
kvmK‡`i fvjevwm Ges Rvwjg, `yb©xwZevR ev `vwq‡Z¡ wLqvbZKvix‡`i N„Yv Kwi| gymwjg kvm‡Ki Aax‡b- †m †bKKvi †nvK Avi
cvcx-e`Kvi †nvK- n¾¡ Ges wRnv` wKqvgZ ch©š— Ae¨vnZ _vK‡e| †Kv‡bv wKQzB G `wzU‡K evwZj ev e¨vnZ Ki‡Z cv‡i
bv|Ó 1015
6. 5. 4. 2. 6. HK¨ I wefw³ welqK gyjbxwZ
Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi Ab¨Zg g~jbxwZ ÔHK¨ I msnwZÕ| weåvš— `j¸wji mv‡_ G wel‡q Zv‡`i †gŠwjK cv_©K¨
i‡q‡Q| cÖ_gZ, AvKx`vi Drm GK nIqvi Kvi‡Y Avnjym mybœv‡Zi AvwjgM‡Yi Avf¨š—ixb gZ‡f` mxwgZ Ges e¨vL¨v ev
cwifvlvMZ gZ‡f` Zviv mn‡R MÖnY K‡ib Ges GRb¨ G‡K Aci‡K weåvš— e‡j MY¨ K‡ib bv| cvš—‡i weåvš— `j¸wji
AvKx`vi Drm A‡bK nIqv‡Z Zv‡`i ga¨Kvi wefw³I LyeB †ewk| gvbexq eyw×, AvKj, hyw³ BZ¨vw`i gZcv_©K¨B ¯^vfvweK|
GQvov ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi c‡i KvD‡K ÔgvÕm~gÕ ÔAåvš—Õ ev Kv‡iv gZ‡K P~ovš— e‡j MY¨ Ki‡jI Giƒc Aåvš—‡`i GKR‡bi g‡Zi
mv‡_ Ab¨R‡bi g‡Zi wgj nq bv| Avi G mKj welq †h‡nZz Zv‡`i g‡Z AvKx`vi g~j †m‡nZz Zviv G‡K Aci‡K Kvwdi ev
weåvš— e‡j †NvlYv K‡i|
wØZxqZ, Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi BgvgMY mKj gywgb‡K h_vm¤¢e gywgb e‡j MY¨ Ki‡Z †Póv K‡ib| GgbwK
my¯úó weåvwš—‡Z wjß wdiKv¸wj‡KI Zuviv Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ bv K‡i weåvš— gywgb e‡j MY¨ Ki‡Z †Póv K‡ib| cvš—‡i weåvš—
m¤cÖ`vq¸wj GKgvÎ wb‡R‡`i‡K Qvov Ab¨ mKj‡KB Bmjv‡gi MwÊ †_‡K †ei K‡i †`b| G wel‡q Avnjym mybœv‡Zi g~jbxwZ
n‡jv, †h e¨w³ KziAvb ev nv`x‡mi mv‡_ mvsNwl©K †Kv‡bv K_v e‡j‡Q ev wek¦vm †cvlY K‡i‡Q Zvi K_vi Ihi †LuvRvi †Póv Kiv|
Avi Avnjyj we`ÔAv‡Zi g~jbxwZ n‡jv Zv‡`i g‡Zi we‡ivax e¨w³ hv e‡j‡Q Zv mivmwi KziAvb I nv`x‡mi we‡ivax bv n‡jI Zvi
g‡a¨ we‡ivwaZv mÜvb Kiv ev e¨vL¨vi gva¨‡g Zvi e³e¨‡K AvKx`v we‡ivax e‡j cÖgvY Kiv Ges Giƒc e¨vL¨vi wfwˇZ Zv‡K
Kvwdi ev weåvš— ejv|
Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvZ wek¦vm K‡ib †h, AvwLiv‡Z gywgbMY Avj­vni `k©b jvf Ki‡eb, Z‡e G †`Lvi A_© †Kv‡bv
gvLjy‡Ki †`Lvi gZ bq, m„wói mv‡_ mKj Zzjbvi D‡× G `k©‡bi cÖK…wZ gnvb Avj­vnB Rv‡bb| G K_vwU KziAvb I nv`x‡mi
wewfbœ my¯úó e³e¨ Øviv cÖgvwYZ Ges †Kv‡bv e³‡e¨iB mivmwi wecixZ bq| Z‡e gyZvwhjx I mggbv wdiKv¸wj Avnjym mybœv‡Zi
G AvKx`v‡K e¨vL¨vi gva¨‡g KziAv‡bi mv‡_ mvsNwl©K e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb| Zviv e‡jb, Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb Ô‡Kv‡bv wKQzB Zuvi mv‡_
272

Zzjbxq bqÕ| Avnjym mybœv‡Zi AvKx`v G Avqv‡Zi mv‡_ mvsNwl©K, KviY Avj­vn‡K †`Lv hv‡e e‡j wek¦vm Kivi A_©B n‡jv gnvb
Avj­vn‡K m„wói mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv| Kv‡RB KziAvb A¯^xKvi Kivi Kvi‡Y ÔAvnjym mybœvZÕ Kvwdi!!
cvš—‡i gyZvwhjx‡`i AvKx`v my¯úófv‡eB KziAvb I nv`x‡mi mv‡_ mvsNwl©K| Avnjym mybœv‡Zi BgvgMY
gyÕZvwhjx‡`i G AvKx`vi KwVb cÖwZev` Ki‡jI GRb¨ Zv‡`i‡K Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ K‡ib wb; KviY Zviv mivmwi AvqvZ I
nv`xm A¯^xKvi K‡i bv, eis e¨vL¨v K‡i|
kxqvMY bex-es‡ki fvjevmvi bv‡g mvnvexMY‡K N„Yv K‡i Ges Zv‡`i‡K gyiZv` e‡j MY¨ K‡i| Zv‡`i G wek¦vm
KziAv‡bi A‡bK AvqvZ I AMwYZ nv`x‡mi mv‡_ mvsNwl©K| Zv m‡Ë¡I Avnjym mybœv‡Zi AvwjgMY Zv‡`i G wek¦v‡mi
h_vmva¨ IRi †LuvRvi †Póv K‡i‡Qb| cvš—‡i Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi AbymvwiMY mvnvexMY I bex-esk‡K
mgvbfv‡e fvjev‡mb| Zv‡`i G AvKx`v KziAvb I mybœvn Øviv my¯úófv‡e cÖgvwYZ| Zv m‡Ë¡I kxqvMY cÖvqk Zv‡`i‡K
Kvwdi e‡j †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb G hyw³‡Z †h Zuviv bex-esk‡K fvjev‡mb bv|
G wel‡q BgvgM‡Yi wewfbœ e³e¨ Avgiv Dc‡ii Aby‡”Q`¸wj‡Z I ZvKdxi Aa¨v‡q †`‡LwQ| Bgvg Zvnvex e‡jb:
ﺎ�ﺒﺍﹶﺫ�ﻋ�ﻭ ﺎﹰﻐ�ﻴ�ﺯ ﹶﺔﹶﻗ�ﺭﹸﻔﹾﻟﺍ�ﻭ ،ﺎ�ﺒﺍ�ﻭ�ﺼ�ﻭ ﺎ�ﻘ�ﺤ ﹶﺔ�ﻋﺎ�ﻤ�ﺠﹾﻟﺍ ﻯ�ﺭﹶﻨ�ﻭ
ÒAvgiv `jv`wjgy³ ev HK¨e× _vKv‡K mZ¨ I mwVK e‡j g‡b Kwi Ges wefw³ I `jv`wj‡K weåvwš— I kvw¯— e‡j
g‡b Kwi|Ó 1016
G cÖm‡½ Avj­vgv Beby Avwej Bh&h e‡jb: Ògnvb Avj­vn Avgv‡`i‡K wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb †h, Avnjy wKZve ev Bn~`xbvmviv‡`i
mv‡_I DËgfv‡e Qvov weZK© bv Ki‡Z, ïay Zv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv Ryjyg K‡i‡Q Zv‡`i mv‡_ Qvov| 1017 Zvn‡j Avnjy
wKejvi mv‡_ weZ‡K©i Av`e †Kgb n‡Z cv‡i? Avnjy wKejv †Zv Aš—Z Avnjy wKZv‡ei †P‡q DËg| Kv‡RB Zv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv
Ryjyg K‡i‡Q Zviv Qvov Kv‡iv mv‡_ DËg cš’v Qvov weZK© Kiv hv‡e bv| Giƒc †KD fyj Ki‡j ejv hv‡e bv †h, †m Kvwdi|
ivm~jyj­vn � hv cwiZ¨vM Kiv‡K Kzdix e‡j weavb cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb Zv †m cwiZ¨vM K‡i‡Q e‡j my¯úófv‡e cÖgvwYZ Kivi c‡i
Zvi Kzdixi weavb †`Iqv hvq| gnvb Avj­vn G D¤§v‡Zi fyj-åvwš— gv K‡i‡Qb|Ó 1018
6. 5. 5. Avnjym mybœv‡Zi AvKx`v e¨vL¨vq BgvgMY
Dc‡i Avgiv gymwjg D¤§vni BdwZivK ev `jv`wj I wdiKv-wefw³i KviY, †cÖvcU BZ¨vw` Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ| G
†cÖvc‡U gymwjg D¤§vni Avwjg I BgvgMY weK…wZ I weåvwš— †_‡K gymwjg D¤§vn‡K mZK© Ki‡Z Ges mwVK AvKx`v e¨vL¨v
Ki‡Z m‡Pó _v‡Kb| G wel‡q gymwjg D¤§vi cÖwm× 4 gyRZvwn` Bgvg we‡klfv‡e m‡Pó wQ‡jb| GLv‡b K‡qKwU welq
jYxq:
cÖ_gZ, AvKx`vi g~jbxwZ‡Z Zuviv GKgZ wQ‡jb| G‡Z Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv wefvRb wQj bv| Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdvi (ivn)
Zuvi wdKûj AvKev‡i †h AvKx`v wj‡L‡Qb Ges Bgvg Ave~nvbxdv (ivn), Bgvg Ave~ BDmyd (ivn) I Bgvg gynv¤§v` (ivn)-Gi
AvKx`v eY©bv K‡i Bgvg Ave~ RvÕdi Zvnvex (ivn) hv wj‡L‡Qb ZvB 4 Bgv‡gi AvKx`v| Avg‡ji mv‡_ Cgv‡bi m¤úK© e¨vL¨vi
b¨vq mvgvb¨ `y-GKwU wel‡q LywUbvwU eY©bvq mvgvb¨ kvwãK cv_©K¨ Qvov Zv‡`i AvKx`vi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ †bB|
wØZxqZ, Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi AvKx`v e¨vL¨vq Zuviv me©`v m‡Pó †_‡K‡Qb| mKj we`ÔAv‡Zi wei“‡× Zuviv
wQ‡jb LMon¯—| we‡klZ AvKx`vMZ we`ÔAv‡Zi wei“‡× Zuviv K‡Vvi Ae¯’vb MÖnY Ki‡Zb| Zuv‡`i MÖš’vevwj‡Z wewfbœfv‡e
AvKx`vi welq Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb|
Z…ZxqZ, 4 Bgv‡gi g‡a¨ Bgvg Avhg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) I Bgvg Avng` Beby nv¤^vj (ivn) AvKx`vi wel‡q A‡bK
MÖš’ iPbv K‡ib| e¯‘Z Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) ZrKvjxb Ab¨Zg †kªô dKxn nIqv m‡Ë¡I wdK&n-Gi wel‡q wb‡R †Kv‡bv
MÖš’ iPbv K‡ib wb| Zuvi wdKnx gZvgZmg~n Avgiv Zuvi Qv·`i †jLv MÖš’vw` †_‡K Rvb‡Z cwi| wKš‘ wZwb AvKx`vi wel‡q
A‡bK¸wj cyw¯—Kv iPbv K‡ib| G¸wji g‡a¨ ÔAvj-wdKûj AvKeviÕ MÖš’wU me©vwaK cÖwm×|
PZz_©Z, Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn)-Gi AvKx`v e¨vL¨vq Bgvg Zvnvexi cÖ‡Póv we‡klfv‡e ¯§iYxq| Bgvg Ave~ RvÕdi
Avng` Beby gynv¤§v` AvZ-Zvnvex 239 wnRix‡Z wgm‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges gymwjg we‡k¦i wewfbœ †`‡k Bjg wkv, cÖPvi I
e¨vcK wL`gvZ I cÖwmw×i c‡i 321 wnRix‡Z B‡š—Kvj K‡ib| wZwb nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei †kªô dKxnM‡Yi Ab¨Zg wQ‡jb|
Zuvi iwPZ ÔAvKx`vZz Avnwjm& mybœvwZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvZÕ cyw¯—KvwU Avnjym mybœv‡Zi AvKx`v e¨vL¨vq gymwjg D¤§vni me©Rb
¯^xK…Z I cwVZ eB| G cy¯—‡Ki cÖ_‡g wZwb e‡jb:
ﻑـﺴﻭﻴ ﻲﺒﺃﻭ ،ﻲﻓﻭﻜﻟﺍ ﺕﺒﺎﺜ ﻥﺒ ﻥﺎﻤﻌﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻔﻴﻨﺤ ﻲﺒﺁ ﺔﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻓ ﺏﻫﺫﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻨﺴﻟﺍ لﻫﺃ ﺓﺩﻴﻘﻋ ﻥﺎﻴﺒ ﺭﻜﺫ ﺍﺫﻫ
لﻭـﺼﺃ
ﻥـﻤ ﻥﻭﺩﻘﺘﻌﻴ ﺎﻤﻭ ،ﻥﻴﻌﻤﺠﺃ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﷲﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻀﺭ ﻲﻨﺎﺒﻴﺜﻟﺍ ﻥﺴﺤﻟﺍ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﷲﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻲﺒﺃﻭ ،ﻱﺭﺎﺼﻨﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ ﻥﺒ ﺏﻭﻘﻌﻴ
ﻥﻴﻤﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺏﺭ ﻪﺒ ﻥﻭﻨﻴﺩﻴﻭ ﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍ
ÒG n‡jv Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi AvKx`vi eY©bv, hv wgj­v‡Zi dKxnMY: Bgvg Avey nvbxdv byÕgvb web mvweZ
273

K‚dx (150wn), Avey BDmyd BqvKze web Beªvnxg Avj-Avbmvix (182wn) I Avey Ave`yj­vn& gynv¤§` web nvmvb Avk-kvBevbx (189
wn)-Gi gvhnv‡ei wfwˇZ iwPZ| Zvu‡`i mK‡ji Dci Avj­vn& mš‘ó †nvb| Zuviv `x‡bi Dm~j ev g~jbxwZi wel‡q †h AvKx`v
†cvlY Ki‡Zb Ges †h bxwZ‡Z Zvuiv iveŸyj AvÕjvgx‡bi AvbyMZ¨ K‡i †M‡jb ZviB Abymi‡Y iwPZ|Ó 1019
nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei Ab¨ GKRb cÖwm× Bgvg Avj­vgv mv`i“Ïxb gynv¤§v` Beby AvjvDÏxb Avjx Beby gynv¤§v` Beby Avwej
Bh&h w`gvkKx (731-792 wn) iwPZ Ôkivûj AvKx`vn AvZ-Zvnvweq¨vnÕ cy¯—KwUI Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi AvKx`v
e¨vL¨vq me©Rb ¯^xK…Z I cÖvgvY¨ cy¯—K|
cÂgZ, AvKx`vi wel‡q 4 gyRZvwn` Bgv‡gi GKgZ nIqvi g~j KviY AvKx`vi Dr‡mi wel‡q Zuv‡`i HKgZ¨| Avgiv
†`‡LwQ †h, AvKx`v ev wek¦v‡mi †‡Î weåvwš—i g~j KviY AvKx`vi Drm I wfwË wba©vi‡Y weåvwš—| Dr‡mi wel‡q gZ‡f` bv n‡j
e¨vL¨vq †gŠwjK †Kv‡bv gZ‡f` nq bv| hviv AvKx`vi †‡Î GKgvÎ KziAvb I nv`xm‡K Drm wn‡m‡e MY¨ K‡i‡Qb Ges KziAvbnv`x‡mi
e¨vL¨vi †‡Î mvnvex-ZvweqM‡Yi BRgv ev RvgvÔAvZ‡K gvb`Ê wn‡m‡e MY¨ K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i g‡a¨ g~jZ mvgvb¨ kvwãK ev
e¨vL¨vMZ wKQz gZ‡f` Qvov †Kv‡bv †gŠwjK gZ‡f` †bB| KviY g~j Drm GK Ges Zv eûgywL nIqvi †Kv‡bv m¤¢vebv †bB|
cvš—‡i hviv BRwZnv`, wKqvm, AvKj, hyw³, `k©b BZ¨vw`‡K KziAvb I nv`x‡mi cvkvcvwk AvKx`vi Drm wn‡m‡e MÖnY
K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i g‡a¨ gZ‡f` e¨vcK Ges gZ‡f‡`i mgvavb Am¤¢e| KviY Drm eûgywL Ges †m¸wji GKgywL nIqvi †Kv‡bv
m¤¢vebv †bB| gvbexq BRwZnv`, wKqvm, AvKj, eyw×, we‡ePbv, we‡eK BZ¨vw`i †‡Î GKR‡bi mv‡_ Ab¨ R‡bi Awgj n‡eB|
hyM, †`k, cwi‡ek I e¨w³i Kvi‡Y G¸wj wfbœZv †`L †`‡eB| Kv‡RB AvKx`vi †‡ÎI wefvRb, wefw³ I `jv`wj Avek¨¤¢vex|
BRwZnv`, eyw×, AvKj ev wKqvm-Gi cÖ‡qvRb nq wdK‡ni †‡Î| KviY hy‡Mi cwieZ©‡b KziAvb ev nv`x‡m †bB Giƒc
A‡bK bZzb welq gymwj‡gi K‡g©i g‡a¨ cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges †m wel‡q weavb w`‡Z nq wdK‡ni †‡Î| wKš‘ AvKx`vi welq
Zv bq| KziAvb ev nv`x‡m †bB Giƒc †Kv‡bv welq gymwj‡gi AvKx`vi g‡a¨ cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| AvKx`vi m¤úK© MvBex
RM‡Zi mv‡_ Ges Avj­vn, wdwikZv, bexMY, wKZve, AvwLivZ, ZvK`xi BZ¨vw`i mv‡_| GmKj wel‡q †Kv‡bv wKQz ivm~jyj­vn �-
Gi hy‡M wQj bv wKš‘ c‡i gywg‡bi AvKx`v ev wek¦v‡mi mv‡_ ms‡hvwRZ bv n‡j Zvi AvKx`vi ΓwU n‡Z cv‡i Giƒc evZzj wPš—v
†Kv‡bv gymwjg K‡ib bv| G wel‡q 5g wnRix kZ‡Ki Ab¨Zg cÖwm× gynvwÏm I dKxn Avj­vgv Beby Avãj evi&i BDmyd Beby
Avãyj­vn (463 wn) e‡jb:
ﻲـﻓ ﻪـﺘﺎﺒﺜﺇﻭ ﺩـﻴﺤﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻔﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻟﺍﻭ ﻪﻘﻔﻟﺍ لﻫﺃ ﻡﻫﻭ ، ﺔﻨﺴﻟﺍ لﻫﺃ ﺭﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﺭﺎﺼﻤﻷﺍ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻓ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻑﻼﺨ ﻻ
274
ﻡﺎﻜﺤﻷﺍ
ÒmKj †`‡ki dKxnMY Ges Avnjym mybœv‡Zi mKj Bgvg, hviv nv`xm I wdK‡ni Bgvg Zuviv mK‡jB GKgZ †h,
BjgyZ ZvInx` ev Bjgyj AvKx`vi †‡Î wKqvm wbwl× Ges wdKnx AvnKv‡gi †‡Î wKqvm cÖ‡hvR¨|Ó 1020
Gfv‡e mvnvexMY I Zuv‡`i Abymvix g~javivi gymwjg D¤§vn ev Avnj~m mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvZ GKgZ †h, wek¦v‡mi
GKgvÎ Drm Inxi Ávb Ges Inxi Ávb Abyaveb Kivi †‡Î mvnvex-ZvweqxM‡Yi HKgZ¨ A_©vr Zuv‡`i BRgv ev
RvgvÔAv‡Zi Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z n‡e|
GRb¨ 4 Bgvg GKgZ †h, AvKx`vi Drm g~jZ `~wU: (1) KziAvb Kvixg Ges (2) mnxn nv`xm| Avi KziAvb I nv`x‡mi
e¨vL¨v I Abyave‡bi †‡Î mvnvex-ZvweqxM‡Yi BRgv ev RvgvÔAvZ n‡jv Zuv‡`i gvb`Ê| Zuviv GKgZ †h, KziAvb-nv`x‡m hv
†hfv‡e Av‡Q Zv †mfv‡eB wek¦vm Ki‡Z n‡e Ges hv †bB Zv AvKx`i Aš—f©y³ e‡j MY¨ n‡e bv Ges †m wel‡q †Kv‡bv K_v ejvi
cÖ‡qvRb †bB| GKvš— cÖ‡qvR‡b KziAvb I nv`x‡mi mKj e³e¨ mwVK A‡_© e¨vL¨v Qvov MÖnY Kivi Rb¨ mgš^q g~jK wKQz K_v
ejv †h‡Z cv‡i| Giƒc K_vI BRwZnv` wn‡m‡e MY¨ Ges AvKx`vi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask e‡j MY¨ bq| GRb¨ Giƒc wel‡q gZ‡f`
†g‡b †bIqv n‡q‡Q|
Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© ag©xq e¨vcv‡i, Ges we‡klZ MvBex wel‡q BRwZnv` I weZK© Gwo‡q Pjv Ges Inxi K_v‡K webv
weZ‡K© MÖnY Kivi †‡Î Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn), Bgvg Ave~ BDm~d (ivn), Bgvg Zvnvex (ivn) cÖgy‡Li e³e¨ †`‡LwQ|
6. 5. 6. kvBL Avãyj Kvw`i Rxjvbxi bmxnZ
Avnjym mybœvZ I Avnjyj we`ÔAvZ wel‡q kvBL Avãyj Kvw`i Rxjvbx ivn. (471-561 wn) Zuvi ¸wbqvZzZ Zvwjexb MÖ‡š’
wbgœiƒc bmxnZ K‡i‡Qb: ÒmZK© I Ávbx gyÕwgb e¨w³i DwPZ Avj­vni evYx Avi ivmy‡j †Lv`v (mv)-Gi nvw`m mgy‡ni mvaviY I
evwn¨K A_© AeMZ n‡q Z`vbyhvqx Avgj A_©vr KvR Kiv I AbyMZ _vKv| G e¨vcv‡i bZzb K_v cÖPvi Kiv, gbMov †Kvb wKQy
ejv, K_v Kg‡ekx Kiv I wbR B”Qv †gvZv‡eK e¨vL¨v †`qv wbZvš—B AbywPZ| j¨ ivL‡Z n‡e †hb, kixAv‡Z †e`Av‡Zi cÖPjb
I c_åóZvi †Kvb AeKvk bv _v‡K; KviY G cwiYv‡g aŸsm †W‡K Av‡b| ...
m~bœvZ I RgvZ: g~jZ cÖ‡Z¨K gyÕwgb †jv‡Ki Dc‡i m~bœvZ I RvgvÔAv‡Zi AbymiY IqvwRe| mybœvZ ej‡Z †mB c_
eySvq, wcÖq bex gynv¤§v` (�) †h c‡_ Rxeb AwZevwnZ K‡i †M‡Qb| Avi RvgvÕZ ej‡Z Pvi Lwjdv (�)-Gi cÖ`wk©Z c_;

Zv‡`i †LjvdZ Kv‡j me©m¤§wZµ‡g M„wnZ wm×vš—ejx| cÖK…Zc‡ Zvuiv mevB wQ‡jb mij mwVK c‡_i mÜvb`vZv, G Kv‡R
Zvu‡`i †hvM¨Zv cÖkœvZxZ; KviY Zvu†`i c‡_i mÜvb †`qv n‡qwQj, (Avj­vn & ZvqvÕjv w`‡qwQ‡jb)|
Avn‡j †e`vZ: fvj nq †e`vZx †jvKR‡bi mv‡_ †gjv‡gkv eÜ K‡i †`qv; Zv‡`i mv‡_ ZK©-weZ‡K© wjß bv nIqv;
Zv‡`i mvjvg bv Kiv| Avgv‡`i Bgvg Avngv` web nv¤^j e‡jb, †e`vZeKvix‡K mvjvg Ki‡j eySv hvq, Zv‡`i g‡a¨ eÜzZ¡
Av‡Q| †Kbbv ivmyj (�) Gikv` K‡ib, Ô†Zvgiv ci®úi mvjvg †`qvi cÖ_v Pvjy Ki, hv‡Z eÜzZ¡ e„w× cvq †Zvgv‡`i
g†a¨|Õ ....
†e`vZx†`i wPý I cwiPq: KwZcq wPý I ˆewkó we`¨gvb, hv Øviv Avn‡j we`vZx gvbyl‡K †Pbv mnR| †e`vZx gvbyl
nvw`m‡K AeÁv K‡i| †e`vZx †Rw›`K †MvÎ Avn‡j nvw`m (Avnjym mybœvn) A_©vr nvw`m Abymvix‡`i wg_¨vev`x AvL¨v †`q|
K¡v`wiqv †diKv AvL¨v †`q gyRvweŸivn| nvw`m Abymvix‡`i gykvweŸnvn e‡j Rvnwgq¨vn †MvÎ Avi iv‡dwRiv e‡j bv‡mevn| G
ai‡Yi AeÁv-m~PK bvgKi‡Yi KviY nj, H mKj †e`vZx `j nv`xm Abymvix‡`i cÖwZ kΓZv I Cl©v †cvlY K‡i _v‡K| g~jZ
Avn‡j m~bœvZ Z_v nvw`m AbyMvgx e¨w³‡`i cwiPq GKUv gvÎ bv‡gB, Zv nj, Avn‡j nvw`m (A_©vr Avnjy mybœvn)| G Qvov Ab¨
bv‡g Zviv AvL¨vwqZ bb| e¯‘Z †e`vZx gvbyl wb‡R‡`i Rb¨ †h Dcvax (Avn‡j mybœvZ) MÖnY K‡i _v‡K Zv wfwËnxb, †Kbbv Zv‡`i
Rxeb Gi wecixZ mv¨ †`q | ...
gyw³cÖvß `j: D‡j­wLZ †ZnvËi †kªYxi K_v ivmy‡j gvKeyj (�) e‡j wM‡q‡Qb| G‡`i g‡a¨ gvÎ GKUv †kªYx bvRvZ A_©vr
gyw³ jvf Ki‡e| Ges †mB `j nj Avn‡j mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÕZ| G `j‡K K¡v`wiqv I gyÕZvwRjv m¤cÖ`v†qi †jvK gyRvweŸiv bv‡g
AwfwnZ K‡i _v‡K| KviY wn‡m‡e e‡j, G `j g‡b K‡i mgMÖ m„ó RMZ Avj­vn ZvqvÕjvi B”Qv I kw³i ØvivB D¢~Z| gyiwRqv
†kªYx D³ `j‡K kvKwKqv bvg †`q; KviY Zviv Cgv‡b n«vm-e„w× ¯^xKvi K‡i Ges Zv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡KB e‡j, BbkvÕj­vn Avwg GKRb
gyÕwgb| iv‡dRx †kªbx e‡j, G `j bvQvweqv, †Kbbv G `‡ji wbqg `‡ji mg¯— †jv‡Ki mw¤§wjZ wm×v‡š— Zviv Bgvg (ivóªcÖavb)
g‡bvbxZ K‡i _v‡K| .... ev‡Zwbqv †kªYx D³ `j‡K e‡j nvkvweqv| KviY D³ `‡ji †jvKRb ivmy‡j Kwig (�)-Gi nvw`m I
mvnvev‡q †Kivg‡`i Rxeb Abymib K‡i _v‡K| G fv‡e Avn‡j m~bœvZ Iqvj RvgvÕZ A_©vr m~bœv‡Zi Abymvix `j‡K Ab¨vb¨ †kªYxi
gvby‡liv †hgb Lykx †Zgb bvg w`‡q‡Q, A_P Zv‡`i cÖ`Ë †Kvb bvgB G `‡ji Dchy³ bq, cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv| cÖK„Z c‡ G
`‡ji h_v_© I mwVK bvg Avn‡j m~bœvZ Ges Avmnv‡e nvw`m| Zviv nvw`‡mi Abymvix, ivmy‡ji Abymvix wn‡m‡eB G bvg cvIqvi
†hvM¨| 1021
6. 6. weåvš— `j-Dc`jmg~n
Avgiv Dc‡i †`‡LwQ †h, mvnvex-ZvweqxMY Avnjym mybœv‡Zi wecix‡Z Avnjyj we`ÔAvZ D‡j­L Ki‡Qb| Avi
RvgvÔAv‡Zi wecix‡Z i‡q‡Q ÔBdwZivK ev ÔZvdvi&i“KÕ hvi A_© wew”QbœZv ev `jv`wj| GRb¨ Avnjyj we`ÔAvZ‡K Avnjyj
we`ÔAvZ Iqvj BdwZivK ejv nq| GQvov mvnvex-ZvweqxMY G‡`i‡K Avnjyj AvnIqv (ﺀﺍﻭﻫﻷﺍ لﻫﺃ) ev cÖe„wËi AbymvixMY
e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Ki‡Zb| we`ÔAvZ (ﺔﻋﺩﺒﻟﺍ) I nvIqv ( ﻯﻭـﻬﻟﺍ) kã؇qi A_© I e¨envi Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †R‡bwQ| GLv‡b Avgiv
G mKj wdiKvi cwiPq, BwZnvm I gZv`k© Av‡jvPbv Kie|
6. 6. 1. wdiKvi msL¨v I 73 wdiKv
Dc‡ii †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv nv`x‡m gymwjg D¤§vni wdiKvmg~‡ni msL¨v 73 n‡e e‡j D‡j­L Kiv n‡q‡Q| wØZxq wnRix
kZK †_‡KB A‡bK Avwjg gymwjg D¤§vni 73 wdiKvi bvg wba©viY Ki‡Z †Póv K‡i‡Qb| wØZxq wnRix kZ‡Ki cÖwm×
Zvwe-Zvweqx Avwjg Bgvg Avãyj­vn Beby gyevivK (180wn) e‡jb: Ògymwjg D¤§vni wdiKv¸wji g~j 4wU wdiKv: kxqv,
nviƒixq¨vn (LwiRx), Kv`vwiq¨vn I gyiwRq¨vn| wkqvMY 22 wdiKvq wef³ nq, LvwiRxMY 21 wdiKvq wef³ nq, Kv`vwiq¨vn
wdiKv 16 wdiKvq wef³ nq Ges gyiwRqvMY 13 wdiKvq wef³ nq|Ó 1022
Z…Zxq wnRix kZ‡Ki cÖwm× gynvwÏm Ave~ nvwZg ivhx (277 wn) e‡jb: ÒAvwjgMY e‡j‡Qb †h, G D¤§v‡Zi BdwZivK
ev wefw³i ïi“ n‡qwQ whb`xKMY, Kv`vwiq¨vn, gyiwRq¨vn, ivwdhx (kxqv) I nviƒwiq¨vn (LvwiRx) G `j¸wji gva¨‡g| GivB
n‡jv mKj wdiKvi g~j| Gici cÖ‡Z¨K wdiKv wewfbœ Dc`‡j wef³ n‡q‡Q| Zviv G‡K Aci‡K Kvwdi e‡j‡Q Ges G‡K
Aci‡K Rvwnj e‡j‡Q| whb`xKMY 11 wdiKv, LvwiRxMY 18 wdiKv, ivwdhxMY (kxqvMY) 13 wdiKv, Kv`vwiq¨vnMY 16
wdiKv, gyiwRq¨vnMY 14 wdiKvq wef³| †gvU 72 wdiKv|Ó 1023
kvBL Avãyj Kvw`i Rxjvbx (ivn) (561 wn) D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, 73 wdiKv g~jZ 10 wdiKvi Aš—f©y³| G `k `j
nj Avnjy m~bœvZ, LvwiRx, wkqv, gyÕZvwRjv, gyiwRqv, †gvkvweŸqv, Rvn&wgqv, Rvevwiqv, bvRvwiqv Ges Kvjvweqv| Ab¨vb¨
wdiKv G `k wdiKvi g‡a¨ kvwgj| 1024
A‡bK Avwjg g‡b K‡ib †h, 73 wdiKv wbwðZiƒ‡c wba©viY Kiv m¤¢e bq; KviY ivm~jyj­vn � Zuvi D¤§v‡Zi wel‡q G
275

fwel¨ØvYx K‡i‡Q Ges D¤§vZ wKqvgZ ch©š— _vK‡e| Kv‡RB wKqvg‡Zi c~e© ch©š— Av‡iv A‡bK wdiKvi Avwef©ve NU‡Z
cv‡i| Kv‡RB G wel‡q ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi ejv g~jbxwZ AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
hviv Bmjv‡gi g~j ZvInx`, wimvjvZ I AviKvbyj Cgv‡b wek¦vm K‡ib e‡j `vwe K‡ib, Gi my¯úó wecixZ †Kv‡bv
wek¦vm †cvlY K‡ib e‡j `vwe bv K‡ib, Bmjv‡gi me©Rb-cwiÁvZ AZ¨vek¨Kxq †Kv‡bv welq A¯^xKvi K‡ib bv A_P Zv‡`i
wb‡R‡`i ¯^xK…Z wek¦vm ev AvKx`vi g‡a¨ Ggb welq i‡q‡Q hv KziAvb-nv`x‡m †bB ev ivm~jyj­vn � †_‡K I mvnvexMY †_‡K
mycwiÁvZ wek¦v‡mi e¨wZµg, Zv‡`i‡K wef³ I weåvš— wdiKv e‡j MY¨ Ki‡Z n‡e|
Avi hviv Zv‡`i wek¦vm- AvKx`vq ivm~jyj­vn � I mvnvexM‡Yi ûeû AbymiY K‡ib, Zuviv hv e‡j‡Qb Zv e‡jb Ges
Zuviv hv e‡jb wb Zv AvKx`vi g‡a¨ ms‡hvM K‡ib bv, Zv‡`i gy‡Li `vwe Zv‡`i ev¯—e Kg© I ¯^xK…Z AvKx`v-wek¦vm Øviv
cÖgvwYZ nq Zv‡`i‡K ÔAvnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvZ e‡j MY¨ Ki‡Z n‡e|
6. 6. 2. cÖwm× wdiKvmg~n
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, wØZxq wnRix kZvãx †_‡K g~j cÖwm× wdiKv wQj 4wU: (1) kxqv, (2) LvwiRx, (3) Kv`vwiq¨vn I
(4) gyiwRq¨vn| lô wnRix kZvãx ch©š— cÖwm× wdiKv 9wU‡Z cwiYZ nq: (1) LvwiRx (2) gyZvwhjv (3) gyiwRqv (4) wkqv
(5) Rvn&wgq¨vn (6) bvRvwiqv (7) Rvevwiqv (8) Kvjvweqv (9) gykvweŸnv|
G‡`i AwaKvsk wdiKvB µgvš^‡q wejyß n‡q‡Q Ges cieZ©xKv‡j Av‡iv A‡bK bZzb wdiKvi D¢e N‡U‡Q| G mKj
cÖvPxb wdiKvi g‡a¨ kxqv I LvwiRx m¤cÖ`vq GL‡bv we`¨gvb| GQvov Ab¨vb¨ wdiKvi wKQz wPš—vfvebv ev wewß AvKx`v
eZ©gvb hy‡M cvIqv hvq| GLv‡b ms‡‡c g~j wdiKv¸wji eY©bv cÖ`vb KiwQ|
6. 6. 3. kxqv wdiKv 1025
6. 6. 3. 1.DrcwË I g~jbxwZ
kxqv I LvwiRx: gymwjg D¤§vni cÖ_g I cÖavb G`ywU wdiKvi D¢e N‡UwQj ivR‰bwZK Kvi‡Y| kxqv (ﺔﻌﻴﺸﻟﺍ) k‡ãi
A_© `j, Abymvix, mvnvh¨Kvix BZ¨vw`| cvwifvwlKfv‡e kxqv ej‡Z kxqvZz Avjx (ﻲﻠﻋ ﺔﻌﻴﺸ) ev Avjxi (iv) `j, Avjxi Abymvix
ev Avjxi mvnvh¨Kvix eySv‡bv nq| kxqv wdiKvi g~j wfwË Avjx (iv) Zuvi eskai‡`i Rb¨ ivóªxq †bZ…‡Z¡i `vwe| G `vwe‡K †K›`ª
K‡i AMwYZ AvKx`v Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Rb¥ wb‡q‡Q|
ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi AvMg‡bi mgq Avi‡e †Kv‡bv iv‡óªi Aw¯—Z¡ bv _vK‡jI cvk©eZ©x AÂj¸wj‡Z ivóª we`¨gvb wQj| hw`I
MÖx‡m GK mgq Ô‡W‡gvµvmxÕ ev ÔMYZš¿Õ e‡j wKQz Pvjy n‡qwQj Z‡e Zv wU‡K _v‡K wb| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi AvMg‡bi mg‡q we‡k¦i
me©Î ivóª e¨e¯’v wQj eskZvwš¿K ev i³m¤úK© wfwËK| iv‡óªi gvwjK ivRv| Zvi Ab¨vb¨ m¤ú‡`i gZB iv‡óªi gvwjKvbvI jvf Ki‡e
Zvi mš—vbMY ev es‡ki gvby‡liv| iv‡R¨i mKj m¤ú`-Gi gZ RbMYI ivRvi gvwjKvbvaxb| ivRv wbe©vPb ev ivR¨cwiPvjbv wel‡q
Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv gZvgZ cÖKv‡ki my‡hvM ev AwaKvi †bB| ivRv Zvi iv‡R¨i m¤ú` I RbMY‡K †hfv‡e B”Qv e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
GQvov AwaKvsk ag©I wQj eskZvwš¿K| Bn~`x ag©, cvi‡m¨i gvR~m ag©, wgm‡ii cÖvPxb ag© I Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK
ag©wek¦v‡mi g‡a¨B i³m¤ú‡K©i we‡kl ag©xq gh©v`v I A‡jŠwKK‡Z¡i wek¦vm we`¨gvb wQj|
G mg‡q Avi‡e ivóªe¨e¯’vi †Kv‡bv Aw¯—Z¡ wQj bv| Avieiv ivwóªq AvbyMZ¨ eyS‡Zv bv| Zviv eyS‡Zv Kexjv ev †MvÎ
cÖav‡bi AvbyMZ¨| wew”Qbœfv‡e †QvU ev eo ‡Mv‡Îi Aax‡b Zviv evm KiZ| †Mv‡Îi evB‡i Kv‡iv AvbyMZ¨ ev AaxbZv‡K Zviv
AegvbbvKi e‡j g‡b KiZ| GQvov e¨w³ mvZš¿¨‡eva, ¯^vaxbZv‡eva BZ¨vw` Zv‡`i‡K wb‡Ri g‡Zi evB‡i A‡b¨i gZ MÖnY
Ki‡Z evav w`Z|
ivm~jyj­vn � me©cÖ_g Avi‡e GKwU AvaywbK RMMYZvwš¿K civgk©-wfwËK ivóªe¨e¯’v cÖwZôv K‡ib| G e¨e¯’vi `ywU we‡kl
w`K wQj: (1) ivRv I cÖRvi m¤úK© gvwjK I Aaxb‡¯’i bq, eis gvwjK I g¨v‡bRv‡ii| Z‡e gvwjK ivRv bb| iv‡óªi gvwjK
RbMY| ivRv Zv‡`i Ljxdv ev cÖwZwbwa ev g¨v‡bRvi wn‡m‡e Zv cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| RbMYB Zv‡K g‡bvwbZ Ki‡eb Ges RbMY
Zv‡K ms‡kvab ev Acmvib Ki‡eb| (2) ivóªcÖavb wba©viY Kiv GKwU RvMwZK Kg© Ges Zv RbM‡Yi Kg©| RbM‡Yi civg‡k©i
wfwˇZ Zv m¤úbœ n‡e| civg‡k©i aib wba©vwiZ bq| hyM, †`k I RvwZ Ae¯’v Abymv‡i Zv cwiewZ©Z n‡Z cv‡i| †hvM¨Zvi
gvcKvwV i³m¤úK© bq, eis ZvKIqv| KziAvb I nv`x‡m G wel‡q A‡bK wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|
mvnvexMY KziAvb I mybœvni wb‡`©kbvi Av‡jv‡K Gfv‡eB ey‡SwQ‡jb| Zuviv ivóªcÖavb wbe©vP‡bi †‡Î gZ‡f`
K‡i‡Qb, Z‡e wef³ nb wb| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi Idv‡Zi c‡i ivóªcÖavb wbe©vP‡bi †‡Î Zuvi es‡ki †KD †KD Avkv Ki‡Zb
†h, nqZ Avjx‡KB (iv) wbe©vPb Kiv n‡e| AvbmviMY Zv‡`i ga¨ †_‡K Ljxdv wbe©vP‡bi wel‡q wPš—v K‡ib| †klch©š— Ave~
evK&i (iv)-‡K Ljxdv wbe©vPb Kiv nq Ges Avjx (iv)-mn mKj mvnvex G wel‡q GKgZ n‡q hvb|
Bmjv‡gi wek¦RbxbZv Abyave‡b Ag, c~e©eZ©x ag© ev †`kxq e¨e¯’vi cÖfve ev Bmjv‡gi wei“‡× loh‡š¿i AvMÖ‡n
Dmgvb (iv)-Gi mgq †_‡K wKQz gvbyl cÖPvi Ki‡Z _v‡Kb †h, Bmjv‡gi ivóªe¨e¯’v RbMYZvwš¿K bq, eis eskZvwš¿K|
Bmjv‡gi ag©xq weavb I Inxi wb‡`©kbv †gvZv‡eK ivóªgZv ev BgvgZ Avjx (iv) I Zuvi eskai‡`i cvIbv| Zuv‡`i ev‡`
hviv gZv MÖnY K‡i‡Q Zuviv Ges Zv‡`i AbymvixMY Rvwjg I Inx Agvb¨Kvix| m‡e©vcwi Zviv `vwe K‡i †h, Avjx-es‡ki
276

ivóªgZv ev Bgvg‡Z wek¦vm Kiv Cgv‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask I Cgv‡bi i“Kb| ZvInx` I wimvjv‡Zi wek¦v‡mi c‡i wek¦v‡mi
Z…Zxq i“Kb n‡jv Avjx (iv) I Zuvi es‡ki Bgvg‡Zi mv¨ †`Iqv|
G wek¦vm‡K †K›`ª K‡i Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Av‡iv A‡bK wek¦vm Rb¥ †bq, †hgb Avjx (iv) Zuvi eskai‡`i wb®úvcZ¡,
wbf©yjZ¡, Dj~wnq¨vZ, MvBex Ávb, ivm~jyj­vn � I Avjx (iv)-Gi cybvivMgb, mvnvexM‡Yi wePz¨wZ BZ¨vw`| B‡Zvc~‡e© Avgiv
K‡qKwU welq Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ|
Bgvg‡Zi G ÔAvKx`vÕ KziAvb Kvix‡g †Kv‡bvfv‡eB we`¨gvb †bB| mvnvexMY †KD Zv Rv‡bb wb| ¯^qs Avjx (iv)I
Zv KL‡bv `vwe K‡ib wb| †Kv‡bv nv`x‡mI Zv ¯úóZ †bB| Kv‡RB G Awfbe wek¦vm cÖgvY Ki‡Z Zviv wewfbœ cš’v Aej¤^b
K‡i:
cÖ_gZ, Zvdmxi ev e¨vL¨vi c_| B‡Zvc~‡e© Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Beby mvev KziAv‡bi wKQz Avqv‡Zi gbMov e¨vL¨vi
Av‡jv‡K wb‡Ri `vwe cÖgv‡Yi †Póv KiZ| cieZ©x kxqvMY Giƒc AMwYZ gbMov e¨vL¨vi gva¨‡g wb‡R‡`i gZ cÖgv‡Yi †Póv
K‡i‡Qb| KL‡bv kv‡b byhy‡ji Kvwnbx, KL‡bv †Kv‡bv gydvm&wm‡ii e³e¨ Ges KL‡bv wb‡R‡`i gbMov e¨vL¨v Zviv †ck
K‡i‡Qb| mKj †‡Î Zviv KziAv‡bi gyZvIqvwZi wel‡qi mv‡_ GKK eY©bv, e¨w³MZ NUbv ev AvwfavwbK e¨vL¨v ms‡hvRb
K‡i AvKx`vi Ask evwb‡q‡Qb|
wØZxqZ, hyw³i c_| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Beby mvev hyw³ †ck K‡i †h, c~e©eZ©x mKj bex (Av) ¯’jvwfwl³ †i‡L
wM‡q‡Qb, Kv‡RB gynv¤§v` (�) ¯’jvwfwl³ bv †i‡L †h‡Z cv‡ib bv| cieZ©x kxqvMY Giƒc A‡bK hyw³ †ck K‡ib| GmKj
D¢U hyw³i gva¨‡g Inxi AwZwi³ gbMov welq‡K Zviv AvKx`vi Ask evwb‡q †bb|
Z…ZxqZ, KziAvb weK…wZi `vwe| kxqvMb †h AvKx`v‡K Cgv‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask evwb‡q‡Q KziAvb Kvix‡g †Kv_vI Zv
†bB| welqwU Zv‡`i‡K me©`v civwRZ K‡i| GRb¨ Zv‡`i A‡b‡KB `vwe K‡ib †h, g~j KziAv‡b Avjx (iv) Zvi eska‡ii
Bgvg‡Zi welqwU wQj| wZb Ljxdv I mvaviY mvnvexMY Zv weK…Z K‡i‡Qb| KziAvb gyL¯’ Kiv, LZg Kiv, wbqwgZ
Zvnv¾y‡` I Zvivex‡ni mvjv‡Z LZg Kiv BZ¨vw` welq m¤ú‡K© hvi b~¨bZg aviYv Av‡Q wZwbI Abyfe K‡ib †h, GKvš—B
gyL© bv n‡j †KD Giƒc wek¦vm †cvlY Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
PZz_©Z, mvnvexM‡Yi wePz¨wZi `vwe| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi AvRxeb mvnPv‡h© jvwjZ mvnvexMY‡K KziAvb Kvix‡g bvRvZ I
mdjZvi gvcKvwV e‡j †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ G mKj D¢U AvKx`vi †Kv‡bv Aw¯—Z¡ cvIqv hvq bv| GRb¨
kxqvMY mvnvexMY‡K mZ¨wePz¨Z I ag©wePz¨Z e‡j wek¦vm K‡i| Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© welqwU Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ|
cÂgZ, mvnvex‡`i gva¨‡g cÖvß nv`xm A¯^xKvi| †h‡nZz kxqvMY mvnvexMY‡K mZ¨wePz¨Z e‡j wek¦vm K‡i, †m‡nZz Zviv
Zuv‡`i gva¨‡g ewb©Z †Kv‡bv nv`xm mwVK e‡j ¯^xKvi K‡i bv| eis Zviv Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i m~‡Î ivm~jyj­vn � I Zv‡`i BgvgM‡Yi
†_‡K wKQz K_v msKjb K‡i †m¸wj‡K nv`xm e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i| G‡‡Î jYxq †h, Zv‡`i msKwjZ G mKj Ônv`x‡miÕ
mb‡`i †‡Î mZ¨wg_¨v hvPvB Zv‡`i g‡a¨ LyeB bMY¨|
lôZ, ÔZvwKq¨vÕ ev ÔAvZ¥iviÕ ZË¡ Avwe®‹vi| kxqvMY hv‡`i‡K Cgvg e‡j `vwe K‡ib Zviv gymwjg mgv‡Ri
g~javivi mv‡_ evm K‡i‡Qb| Avjx (iv) wZb Lvjxdvi wLjvdZ ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb Ges Zv‡`i mv‡_ me©vZ¥K mn‡hvwMZv
K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i cÖksmv K‡i‡Qb| Abyiƒcfv‡e Zuvi eskaiMY| G¸wj‡K evwZj Kivi Rb¨ kxqvMY ÔZvwKq¨vÕ ev AvZ¥ivi
Rb¨ wg_¨v ejvi ZË¡ Avwe®‹vi K‡ib| Zviv `vwe K‡ib †h, Avjx (iv) I BgvgMY AvZ¥ivi Rb¨ wg_¨v ej‡Zb|
mßgZ, e¨w³i wbfyjZ¡ I we‡kl Ávb `vwei c_| kxqv weåvwš—i Ab¨Zg w`K ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi c‡i Ab¨ A‡bK gvby‡li
wbf©yjZ¡ Ges Avj­vni mv‡_ we‡kl m¤ú‡K©i gva¨‡g we‡kl Ávb jv‡fi AvKx`v cÖPvi K‡i| Zviv cÖPvi K‡i †h, KziAvb-nv`x‡m
mewKQz †bB| GQvov KziAvb-nv`x‡m hv Av‡Q Zv eyS‡ZI Avj­vni mv‡_ we‡kl m¤úK© I we‡kl Ávb cÖ‡qvRb| Avi Giƒc Ávb
i‡q‡Q kxqv BgvgMY Ges Zuv‡`i cÖwZwbwa‡`i| Kv‡RB Zviv hv wKQz ej‡e meB Inxi Ávb e‡j MY¨ Ges AvKx`vi wfwË| Gfv‡e
AMwYZ Kzms¯‹vi‡K Zviv AvKx`v e‡j Pvwj‡q †`q|
AógZ, RvwjqvwZi c_| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi bv‡g I BgvgM‡Yi bv‡g AMwYZ Rvj nv`xm, Rvj Mí I Kvwnbx iUbv
Kiv Ges †m¸wji gva¨‡g wb‡R‡`i D¢U I gbMov ÔAvKx`vÕ¸wj cÖgvY Kiv kxqvM‡Yi AwZ-cwiwPZ ˆewkó¨|
6. 6. 3. 2. Øv`k-Bgvgcš’x kxqvMY
kxqv m¤cÖ`vq A‡bK Dc`‡j wef³ n‡q hvb| eZ©gv‡b we`¨gvb kxqvM‡Yi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q eo `j Øv`k Bgvgcš’x ev
Bgvgx kxqvMY| Bivb, fviZ, evsjv‡`k I Ab¨vb¨ †`‡ki AwaKvsk kxqv G `‡ji| G‡`i AvKx`v¸wj ms‡‡c wbgœiƒc:
(1) Bgvg‡Zi wek¦vm| Zv‡`i g‡Z Avjx (iv) I Zuvi es‡ki evi R‡bi Bgvg‡Z wek¦vm Cgv‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask|
Zv‡`i g‡Z BgvgZ bm&m ev my¯úó wb‡`©‡ki gva¨‡g wba©vwiZ n‡Z n‡e, GLv‡b BRwZnv`, k~iv ev civg‡k©i †Kv‡bv my‡hvM
†bB| c~e©eZ©x Bgvg hv‡K Bgvg wn‡m‡e wba©viY Ki‡eb wZwbB Bgvg| Zv‡`i wek¦vm Abymv‡i 12 Bgvg:
(1) Avjx (23-40 wn),
(2) nvmvb Beby Avjx (3-50 wn),
(3) ûmvBb Beby Avjx (4-61 wn),
(4) hvBbyj Av‡e`xb Avjx Beby ûmvBb (38-95wn),
277

(5) gynv¤§v` Avj-evwKi Beby hvBbyj Avwe`xb (57-114 wn),
(6) RvÕdi Avm-mvw`K Beby gynv¤§v` evwKi (83-148 wn)
(7) gymv Kvwhg Beby Rvdi mvw`K (128-183 wn)
(8) Avjx wihv Beby g~mv Kvwhg (148-203wn)
(9) gynv¤§v` RvIqv` Beby Avjx wihv (195-220 wn)
(10) Avjx nv`x Beby gyvn¤§v` RvIqv` (212-254 wn)
(11) nvmvb AvmKvix Beby Avjx nv`x (232-260)
(12) gynv¤§v` gvn`x Beby nvmvb AvmKvix (256-???)
(2) Bmgv‡Zi wek¦vm| Zviv wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Øv`k Bgvg mKj cvc I fyj-åvwš— †_‡K wb®úvc I msiwZ|
(3) Bjg-Gi wek¦vm| Zviv wek¦vm K‡ib †h, BgvgMY ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi †_‡K ÔwQbvq wQbvqÕ Bgvg-ci¤úivq Ges Avj­vni
c †_‡K Bjnvg, Bjg jv`ybœx I we‡kl m¤ú‡K©i gva¨‡g A‡jŠwKK I MvBex Ávb cÖvß|
(4) BgvgM‡Yi gywRhvq wek¦vm| Zvi wek¦vm K‡ib †h, BgvgMY A‡jŠwKK gZv cÖvß| Zviv A‡jŠwKK Kg© Ki‡Z cv‡ib
Ges K‡ib| G¸wj‡K Zviv gywRhv e‡j|
(5) MvBevn (ﺔﺒﻴﻐﻟﺍ) ev A`„k¨ nIqvq wek¦vm| Zviv wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Zv‡`i Øv`k Bgvg A`„k¨ n‡q Av‡Qb| wZwb
A`„k¨ †_‡KB wek¦ cwiPvjbv Ki‡Qb|
278
(6) ivRÔAvZ ( ﺔ ﻌﺠﺭﻟﺍ)
ev cÖZ¨veZ©‡b wek¦vm| Zviv wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Øv`k Bgvg gynv¤§v` gvn`x †kl hvgvbvq Bgvg
gvn`xiƒ‡c wd‡i Avm‡eb|
HwZnvwmKMY D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, kxqvM‡Yi 11k Bgvg nvmvb AvmKvix 260 wnRix‡Z wbtmš—vb fv‡e B‡š—Kvj K‡ib|
Zuvi Bb‡ZKv‡ji c‡i Zuvi GK `vmx `vex K‡ib †h, wZwb Zuvi mš—vb aviY K‡i‡Qb| nvmv‡bi fvB RvÕdi G wb‡q ZrKvjxb
miKv‡ii Kv‡Q †Km K‡ib Ges cÖgvwYZ K‡ib †h, Zuvi fvB‡qi †Kvb mš—vb †bB| †K‡m Rqjvf K‡i wZwb fvB‡qi m¤úwZi
AwaKvi jvf K‡ib| 1026
wKš‘ kxqvM‡Yi ga¨ †_‡K wKQy gvbyl `vex K‡ib †h, nvmvb AvmKvixi GKwU †Q‡j wQj hv‡K wZwb †Mvcb
†i‡LwQ‡jb| Zvi bvg wQj gynv¤§v`| wZwb 256 wnRix‡Z, wcZvi g„Zz¨i 4 ermi c~‡e© Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| †QvU eq‡m wZwb Zvi
evoxi bx‡Pi †QvU KzVyix‡Z (cellar/ basement) cÖ‡ek K‡ib| Zuvi Av¤§v Zuvi Rb¨ A‡cv KiwQ‡jb| wKš‘ wZwb Avi †ei
nb wb|
KZ ermi eq‡m GB NUbv N‡U Zv wb‡q Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ gZ‡f` Av‡Q| †KD e‡jb 9 ermi eq‡m 265 wnRix‡Z| †KD
e‡jb: 17 ermi eq‡m| †KD e‡jb 275 wnRix‡Z 19 ermi eq‡m|
me©ve¯’vq kxqvMY MZ cÖvq 1200 ermi hver wek¦vm K‡i Avm‡Qb †h, GB gynv¤§v`B n‡jb hvgvbvi Bgvg| wZwbB
gvn`x| wZwb ‡Mvc‡b Av‡Qb| †Mvc‡b †_‡KB RMZ cwiPvjbv Ki‡Qb| wZwb AwP‡iB gvn`x iƒ‡c AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡i mviv we‡k¦
kvwš— I b¨qwePvi cÖwZôv Ki‡eb| MZ A‡bK kZvãx ch©š— Zv‡`i Af¨vm wQj †h, Zviv cÖwZw`b `ja‡i evM`v‡`i GKwU
KvíwbK N‡ii Kv‡Q †h‡q Zv‡K WvK‡Zb Ges †ewi‡q G‡m RM‡Z kvwš— cÖwZôvi Rb¨ Av‡e`b Ki‡Zb| 1027
(7) ZvwKq¨vn (ﺔﻴﻘﺘﻟﺍ)-i wek¦vm| A_©vr AvZ¥ivi Rb¨ wg_¨v ejvi Avek¨KZvq wek¦vm| ZvwKq¨vn‡K Zviv `x‡bi
`kfv‡Mi bqfvM e‡j g‡b K‡ib| ZvwKq¨vn cwiZ¨vM Kiv mvjvZ cwiZ¨vM Kivi gZB KwVbZg cvc| †h ZvwKq¨vni bv‡g wg_¨v
bv e‡j mZ¨ e‡j †m ZvwKq¨vn Z¨vM Kivi Kvi‡Y KwVb cv‡c cvcx e‡j we‡ewPZ|
(8) KziAv‡bi weK…wZ‡Z wek¦vm| AwaKvsk Bgvgx kxqv wek¦vm K‡ib †h, cÖPwjZ KziAvb weK…Z| AweK…Z g~j KziAvb
Avjxi wbKU wQj, hv wZwb †Mvcb K‡i iv‡Lb| Zvi es‡ki Bgvg‡`i wbKU Zv †Mvcb i‡q‡Q|
(9) mvnvexM‡Yi wePz¨wZi wek¦vm| evi-Bgvgcš’x Bgvgx kxqvMY Ab¨vb¨ AwaKvsk kxqv wdiKvi b¨vq wek¦vm K‡ib †h,
wZb Ljxdv mn mKj mvnvex gybvwdK, gyiZv` I Rvwjg wQ‡jb|
(10) evivÔAv‡Zi (ﺓﺀﺍﺭﺒﻟﺍ) ev m¤úK©wQbœZv †NvlYvi wek¦vm| Zviv mvnvex‡`i‡K N„Yv Kiv, wb›`v Kiv I Zv‡`i mv‡_
m¤úK©nxbZvi †NvlYv †`Iqv‡K Cgv‡bi Ask e‡j wek¦vm K‡i|
(11) mybœvZ I nv`xm A¯^xKvi| Bgvgx kxqvMY mvnvexM‡Yi gva¨‡g ewY©Z nv`xm A¯^xKvi K‡ib| eis Zviv mvnvexMY‡K
RvwjqvZ e‡j MY¨ K‡ib (bvEhy wej­vn!)|
(12) Bmjvgx ivóª welqK wek¦vm| Bgvgx wkqvMY Ab¨ kxqv‡`i gZB GKgvÎ Avjx (iv)-Gi wLjvdZ I cieZ©x hy‡M
kxqvM‡Yi ivRZ¡ Qvov wLjvd‡Z ivwk`v †_‡K ïi“ K‡i AvR ch©š— mKj Bmjgx miKvi‡K A‰bmjvwgK I ZvM~wZ ivóª e‡j wek¦vm
K‡ib|

6. 6. 3. 3. BmgvCjxqv evwZbxq¨vn kxqvMY
wkqv m¤cÖ`v‡qi A‡bK Dc`‡ji GKwU BmgvCwjq¨vn m¤cÖ`vq| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, 12 Bgvg cš’x Bgvgx kxqvMY wek¦vm
K‡ib †h, Avjx-es‡ki 6ô Bgvg RvÕdvi mvw`‡Ki (148 wn) c‡i Zuvi Kwbô cyÎ g~mv Kvwhg (183 wn) BgvgwZ jvf K‡ib| wKš‘
BmgvCwjq¨v kxqvMY wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Rvdi mvw`‡Ki c‡i 7g Bgvg Rvdi mvw`‡Ki ˆRô¨ cyÎ BmgvCj (148 wn) wQ‡jb cÖK…Z
Bgvg| Zuvi c‡i GB BgvgZ Zuvi mš—vb‡`i g‡a¨ _v‡K| G‡`i‡K BmgvCwjqv evwZbxqv m¤cÖ`vq ejv nq|
Z…Zxq wnRix kZ‡K DevB`yj­vn (259-322wn) bvgK GK e¨w³ DËi cwðg Avwd«Kvq cÖPvi K‡ib †h, wZwbB 7g Bgvg
BmgvC‡ji eskai I Bgvg gvn`x| GK ch©v‡q 297 wnRix‡Z wZwb gvn`x wn‡m‡e evBqvZ MÖnY K‡ib Ges wZDb~‡mi KvB‡ivqv‡b
dvwZgx ivóª cÖwZôv K‡ib| Gici Zvi mš—vbMY wgmi I Ab¨vb¨ GjvKv `Lj K‡ib| cÖvq wZb kZvãx c‡i 567 wnRix‡Z mvjvn
DÏxb AvBq~exi nv‡Z dvwZgx kxqv iv‡R¨i wejywß N‡U| 1028 GivB g~jZ BmvgCjxq evwZbx gZev‡`i cÖe³v|
evwZbxqv kxqvMYI Ab¨vb¨ kxqv wdiKvi gZB Avjx es‡ki BgvgZ, BgvgM‡Yi BmgvZ, MvBex gZv, MvBex Bjg,
BZ¨vw`‡Z wek¦vm K‡ib| Zv‡`i we‡kl wek¦v‡mi g‡a¨ `ywU w`K i‡q‡Q:
(1) BgvgMY Ges BgvgM‡Yi g‡bvbxZ e‡j `vwe`vi‡`i Dj~wnq¨vZ-G wek¦vm| Zviv G‡`i‡K AeZvi ev Avj­vni †`navix
iƒc ev Avj­vni we‡kl m¤ú‡K©i e¨w³ I Bev`Z ev m‡e©v”P fw³ cvIqvi †hvM¨ e‡j wek¦vm K‡ib| KziAvb, nv`xm BZ¨vw` Zv‡`i
Kv‡Q g~j¨nxb| Bgvg ev Bgv‡gi cÖwZwbwa e‡j `vweKvixi e³e¨B GKvgÎ `xb|
(2) Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©‡ki †Mvcb ev evwZbx A‡_©i bv‡g Bmjv‡gi mKj wewaweavb I nvjvj-nvivg evwZj K‡i †`Iqv|
ÔevwZbxqvÕ m¤cÖ`v‡qi gZvg‡Zi g~j wfwË a‡g©i wb‡`©kvejxi ÔevwZbxÕ ev †Mvcb e¨vL¨v| Zuv‡`i g‡Z Bmjv‡gi
wb‡`©kvejxi `yBwU A_© i‡q‡Q| cÖ_gZ evwn¨K ev hvwnix A_©, hv mK‡jB eyS‡Z cv‡i| Avi wØZxq A_© evwZbx ev †Mvcb A_©| G
A_© ïay Avjx es‡ki BgvgMY ev Zv‡`i LjxdvMYB Rv‡bb| Avi GB †Mvcb A_©B ÔnvKxKZÕ ev Bmjv‡gi g~j wb‡`©kbv| ïay
mvaviY RvwnjMYB cÖKvk¨ wb‡`©k wb‡q c‡o _v‡K| Avi mwZ¨Kvi ev›`viv †Mvcb A_© A_©vr Bj‡g evwZb I nvKxKZ ey‡S †mgZB
Zv‡`i Rxeb cwiPvjbv K‡i Avj­vni wcÖqcvÎ nb| GB g~jbxwZi wfwˇZ evwZbx m¤cÖ`v‡qi wewfbœ †bZv Zv‡`i ÔBjg jv`ybœxÕ,
ÔevwZbx BjgÕ I nvKxK‡Zi Ávb (!) Øviv Zv‡`i myweavgZ KziAv‡bi wb‡`©kvejx e¨vL¨v Ki‡Zb| Cgvb, mvjvZ, wmqvg, n¾,
wRnv` BZ¨vw` Bev`‡Zi gbMov e¨vL¨v K‡i Zviv †m¸wj evwZj K‡ib| g`, e¨wfPvi, BZ¨vw` cv‡ci gbMov e¨vL¨v w`‡q Zviv
†m¸wj ˆea K‡i †`b| Zuv‡`i AbymvixMY Zv‡`i G mKj e¨vL¨v fw³f‡i †g‡b wb‡Zb| Avevi Zv‡`i †bZ…e„‡›`i g‡a¨ G mKj
e¨vL¨vi wewfbœZvi wfwˇZ wewfbœ Dc`j M‡o DVZ|
Z…Zxq-PZz_© wnRix kZvãx‡Z Bqvgvb, BivK, gi‡°v, wgmi BZ¨vw` A‡j BmgvBjxq evwZbx wkqvMY ÔKvivwgZvÕ,
dvwZwgqv BZ¨vw` wewfbœ bv‡g ivR‰bwZK gZv `Lj K‡i ivóª cÖwZôv Ki‡Z mg nq| Giv †h‡nZz Bmjv‡gi
wb‡`©kbv¸wj‡K wb‡R‡`i gZgZ e¨vL¨v KiZ †m‡nZz Giv Zv‡`i ivR‰bwZK D‡Ïk¨ nvwmj Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbgZ mš¿vm,
wbwe©Pvi nZ¨v, ¸ß nZ¨v BZ¨vw`i Avkªq MÖnY KiZ| Zv‡`i Abymvixiv webv hyw³‡Z Zv‡`i AvbyMZ¨ KiZ| G mKj mš¿vmxi
Ab¨Zg wQj nvkvwkqv wbhvwiqv evwZbx m¤cÖ`vq| hviv cÂg-lô wnRix kZvãx‡Z gymwjg we‡k¦ mš¿vm I ¸ß nZ¨vi
AcÖwZ‡iva¨ aviv m„wó K‡i|
nvmvb Beby mvevn bvgK GK Bivbx wb‡R‡K BmgvCjxqv dvwZgxqv wkqv gZev‡`i Bgvg I wgm‡ii kvmK gymZvbwmi
wej­vn (487 wn)-Gi ˆRô¨ cyÎ wbhvi-Gi Ljxdv I cÖwZwbwa e‡j `vwe K‡ib| wZwb cÖPvi K‡ib †h, eyw×, we‡eK ev hyw³ w`‡q
KziAvb I Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©k eySv m¤¢e bq| KziAv‡bi mwVK I †Mvcb e¨vL¨v eyS‡Z ïay wb®úvc Bgv‡gi gZvg‡Zi Dc‡iB wbf©i
Ki‡Z n‡e| Avi †mB Bgvg jy°vwqZ i‡q‡Qb| Zuvi cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e nvmvb wb‡R KvR Ki‡Qb| wZwb Zvi f³‡`i g‡a¨ GK`j
Rvbevh wd`vqx ˆZwi K‡ib| hviv Zvi wb‡`©‡k ZvrwYKfv‡e AvZ¥nbb mn †h †Kv‡bv K‡g©i Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z _vKZ| G‡`i gva¨‡g
wZwb DËi cvi‡m¨ AvjeyR© ce©‡Zi `k nvRvi Kzwo dzU D”P cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h©ivwR cwic~Y© DcZ¨vKvq ÔAvj-gvIZÕ bvgK GK
`y‡f©`¨ `yM© wbg©vY K‡i Z_vq Zvi ivR‰bwZK †K›`ª ¯’vcb K‡ib| †mLvb †_‡K wZwb Zvi ag©xq-ivR‰bwZK cÖPviYv Pvjv‡Z
_v‡Kb| Zvi cÖPvwiZ Ôag©xq-ivR‰bwZKÕ Av`©k cÖwZôvi †‡Î hv‡KB wZwb kΓ g‡b Ki‡Zb Zv‡K ¸ß nZ¨v Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡Zb|
Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡m a‡g©i bv‡g ev ivR‰bwZK D‡Ïk¨ nvwm‡ji Rb¨ XvjvI ¸ßnZ¨v Gfv‡e Avi †Kv‡bv `j K‡i wb| GmKj `ya©l©
AvZ¥NvZx wd`vqx‡`i nv‡Z ZrKvjxb mycÖwm× Dwhi wbhvgyj gyjK, cÖwm× Avwjg bRygyÏxb Kzeiv mn A‡bK gymwjg wbnZ nb|
cvk©eZ©x GjvKv I †`k¸wj‡Z Mfxi fxwZ I mš¿v‡mi cwi‡ek m„wó nq| KviY †KDB eyS‡Z cvi‡Zb bv †h, GmKj wd`vC‡`i
cieZ©x Uv‡M©U †K| nvmv‡bi c‡i Zvi eska‡iiv Avj-gvIZ `~M© †_‡K wd`vC‡`i gva¨‡g Zv‡`i Kg©KvÊ Ae¨vnZ iv‡L|
ZrKvjxb gymwjg miKviMY G‡`i `g‡b A‡bK †Póv K‡iI e¨_© nb| Ae‡k‡l 654 wnRix‡Z (1256 L„) nvjvKz Lvi evwnbx
G‡`i wbg©~j K‡i| 1029
eZ©gvb hy‡M AvMvLvbx kxqv, fviZxq eyniv kxqv BZ¨vw` `j evwZbx kxqvM‡Yi DËicyi“l| GQvov eZ©gvb wmwiqvi
kvmK bymvBix ev Avjvex kxqvMY Ges †jevbb I wdwjw¯—‡bi `yih& m¤cÖ`vqI evwZbx kxqvM‡Yi wewfbœ kvLv| G‡`i
279

cÖ‡Z¨‡KiB we‡kl we‡kl c„_K AvKx`v i‡q‡Q| Z‡e evwZbx m¤cÖ`v‡qi gyj wek¦vm A_©vr BgvgM‡Yi ÔDj~wnq¨vZÕ I Bmjvgx
AvnKv‡gi AKvh©KviZvq Giv mK‡jB wek¦vmx|
6. 6. 3. 4. hvBw`q¨vn (ﺔﻴﺩﻴﺯﻟﺍ) kxqvMY
kxqvM‡Yi g‡a¨ AvKx`v-wek¦v‡m Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi me‡P‡q wbKUeZ©x wdiKv hvB`x kxqvMY (ﺔﻴﺩﻴﺯﻟﺍ)| eZ©gvb
Bqvgv‡bi msL¨Mwiô RbMY G g‡Zi Abymvix|
hvB`x kxqvMY wbR‡`i‡K Bgvg hvB‡`i (79-122 wn) Abymvix e‡j `vwe K‡ib| hvB` wQ‡jb 12 Bgvgcš’x
kxqvM‡Yi Z…Zxq Bgvg hvBbyj Avwe`x‡bi cyÎ I 4_© Bgvg gynv¤§v` evwK‡ii fvB| wZwb GKRb eo Avwjg wQ‡jb Ges
wek¦v‡m I K‡g© Avnjym mybœv‡Zi Aš—f©y³ wQ‡jb| Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv I Ab¨vb¨ mKj cÖwm× Zvweqx-Zvwe-Zvweqx Zv‡K
fvjevm‡Zb I kª×v Ki‡Zb| wZwb DgvBqv kvmK‡`i wei“‡× we‡`ªvn K‡ib| Dfq evwnbxi g‡a¨ hy× Pj‡Z _v‡K| GK
ch©v‡q 122 wnRix‡Z wZwb knx` nb Ges Zvi evwnbx civwRZ nq| Z‡e Zvi AbymvwiMY Zv‡`i we‡ivwaZv Pvwj‡q hvq Ges
GK ch©v‡q Bqvgv‡b Zv‡`i ivRZ¡ cÖwZôv Ki‡Z mg nq|
hvB`x kxqvM‡Yi AvKx`vi mvi-ms‡c wbgœiƒc:
(1) BgvgZ ev ivóªgZvi Rb¨ AMÖvwaKvi dvwZgvi (iv) eskai‡`i|
(2) BgvgZ ev ivóªgZvi Rb¨ Inxi ev c~e©eZ©x Bgv‡gi my¯úó wb‡`©‡ki cÖ‡qvRb †bB| eis dvwZgvi (iv) es‡ki †h
†Kv‡bv e¨w³i g‡a¨ hw` †hvM¨Zv _v‡K Ges RbMY Zv‡K wbe©vwPZ K‡i Z‡e wZwbB Bgvg|
(3) dvwZgvi es‡ki †hvM¨ e¨w³i Dcw¯’wZ‡Z Ab¨ es‡ki gvbyl ev Kg †hvM¨ gvbyl Ljxdv n‡j Zv ˆea n‡e|
(4) cÖ_g `y Ljxdv Ave~ evKi (iv) I Dgvi (iv)-Gi gh©v`vq wek¦vm|
(3) Z…Zxq Ljxdv Dmvgb Beby Avd&dv‡bi (iv) wLjvd‡Z wek¦vm| Z‡e Zv‡`i A‡b‡K Zuvi wKQz fyjåvwš—i K_v e‡j|
(4) mvaviYfv‡e mKj mvnvex‡K fvj ejv I Z‡`i Mvwj bv †`Iqv| we‡klZ Avjx (iv) hv‡`i nv‡Z evBqvZ n‡q‡Qb
Zv‡`i‡K fvjevmv|
(5) Zviv ZvwKq¨vn-‡Z wek¦vm K‡ib bv|
(6) Zv‡`i g‡Z Bgvg ¸ß ev jy°wqZ _vK‡Z cv‡ib bv|
(7) Zviv BgvgM‡Yi BmgvZ wek¦vm K‡ib bv| Z‡e †KD †KD Avjx, dvwZgv, nvmvb I ûmvBb (iv) G PviR‡bi Bmgv‡Z
wek¦vm K‡ib|
(8) wdKnx wel‡q hvB`x wdKn nvbvdx wdK‡ni mv‡_ wgj iv‡L|
6. 6. 4. LvwiRx wdiKv 1030
6. 6. 4. 1. DrcwË I BwZnvm
35 wnRix mv‡j (656 L„) Bmjvgx iv‡ó&ªi ivóªcÖavb Dmgvb (iv) KwZcq we‡`ªvnxi nv‡Z wbg©gfv‡e knx` nb|
we‡`ªvnx‡`i g‡a¨ ivóªgZv `L‡ji ev ivóªcÖavb nIqvi gZ †KD wQj bv| Zuviv ivRavbx g`xbvi mvnvexMY‡K G wel‡q Pvc
w`‡Z _v‡K| GKch©v‡q Avjx (iv) wLjvd‡Zi `vwqZ¡fvi MÖnY K‡ib| gymwjg iv‡óªi †mbvcwZ I Mfb©iMY Avjxi AvbyMZ¨
¯^xKvi K‡ib| wKš‘ wmwiqvi Mfb©i gyÔAvweqv (iv) Avjxi AvbyMZ¨ MÖn‡Y A¯^xK…wZ Rvbvb| wZwb `vwe Rvbvb †h, Av‡M Ljxdv
Dmgv‡bi nZ¨vKvix‡`i wePvi Ki‡Z n‡e| Avjx `vwe Rvbvb †h, HK¨e× n‡q ivóªxq k„•Ljv wdwi‡q Avbvi c~‡e© we‡`ªvnx‡`i
wePvi ïi“ Ki‡j wek„•Ljv e„w× †c‡Z cv‡i, Kv‡RB Av‡M Avgv‡`i HK¨e× n‡Z n‡e| µgvš^‡q welqwU †Nviv‡jv n‡q M„n hy‡×
iƒcvš—vwiZ nq| wmd&dx‡bi hy‡× Dfqc‡ nZvnZ n‡Z _v‡K| GK ch©v‡q Dfqc Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g welqwU wb®úwË Kivi
Rb¨ GKwU mvwjmx gRwjm MVb K‡ib| G ch©v‡q Avjxi (iv) AbymvixM‡Yi ga¨ †_‡K K‡qK nvRvi gvbyl Avjxi c Z¨vM
K‡ib| G‡`i‡K ÔLvwiRxÕ `jZ¨vMx ev we‡`ªvnx ejv nq| Giv wQ‡jb Bmjv‡gi wØZxq cÖR‡b¥i gvbyl, hviv ivm~jyj­vni (�) B‡š—
Kv‡ji c‡i Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib| G‡`i cÖvq mK‡jB wQ‡jb hyeK| Giv wQ‡jb AZ¨š— avwg©K, mr I wbôvevb Av‡eMx gymwjg|
mvivivZ Zvnv¾y` Av`vq I mivw`b whK&i I KziAvb cv‡V iZ _vKvi Kvi‡Y Giv ÔKzi&ivÕ ev ÔKziAvbcvVKvix `jÕ e‡j mycwiwPZ
wQ‡jb| Giv `vwe K‡ib †h, GKgvÎ KziAv‡bi AvBb I Avj­vni ûKzg Qvov wKQzB Pj‡e bv| Avj­vni wb‡`©k n‡jv Aeva¨‡`i
mv‡_ jo‡Z n‡e| Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb:
�ﺀﻲ�ﻔﹶﺘ ﻰﱠﺘ�ﺤ ﻲ�ﻐ�ﺒﹶﺘ ﻲ�ﺘﱠﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﹸﻠ�ﺘﺎﹶﻘﹶﻓ ﻯ�ﺭﹾﺨُﻷﺍ ﻰﹶﻠ�ﻋ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻫﺍ�ﺩ�ﺤِﺇ ﹾﺕﹶﻐ�ﺒ �ﻥِﺈﹶﻓ ﺎ�ﻤ�ﻬﹶﻨ�ﻴ�ﺒ
ﺍﻭ�ﺤ�ﻠ�ﺼَﺄﹶﻓ ﺍﻭﹸﻠﹶﺘﹶﺘﹾﻗﺍ �ﻥﻴ�ﻨ�ﻤْﺅ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ �ﻥ�ﻤ ﹺﻥﺎﹶﺘﹶﻔِﺌﺎﹶﻁ �ﻥِﺇ�ﻭ
. �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ ﹺﺭ�ﻤَﺃ ﻰﹶﻟِﺇ
ÒgywgbM‡Yi `yB `j hy‡× wjß n‡j †Zvgiv Zv‡`i g‡a¨ gxgvsmv K‡i †`‡e| AZtci Zv‡`i GK`j Aci `‡ji Dci
AZ¨vPvi ev mxgvj•Nb Ki‡j †Zvgiv RyjygKvix `‡ji mv‡_ hy× Ki, hZY bv Zviv Avj­vni wb‡`©‡ki w`‡K wd‡i Av‡m|Ó 1031
GLv‡b mxgvj•NbKvix `‡ji mv‡_ hy× Pvjvbi wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q, hZY bv Zviv Avj­vni wb‡`©‡ki w`‡K wd‡i bv
280

Av‡m| gyÔAvweqvi `j mxgvj•NbKvix, Kv‡RB Zv‡`i AvZ¥mgc©Y bv Kiv ch©š— hy× Pvwj‡q †h‡Z n‡e| GQvov KziAvb
Kvix‡g ejv n‡q‡Q:
�ﻪﹼﻠ
ِﻟ ﱠﻻِﺇ
�ﻡﹾﻜ
�ﺤﹾﻟﺍ
ﹺﻥِﺇ
ÔKZ©„Z¡ ïaygvÎ Avj­vniBÕ ev Òweavb ïay Avj­vniB|Ó 1032
Kv‡RB gvbyl‡K dqmvjv Kivi `vwqZ¡ cÖ`vb KziAv‡bi wb‡`©‡ki ¯úó j•Nb| KziAvb Kvix‡g Av‡iv Gikv` Kiv
n‡q‡Q,
281
�ﻥﻭ�ﺭ�ﻓﺎﹶﻜﹾﻟﺍ �ﻡ�ﻫ �ﻙِﺌﹶﻟﻭُﺄﹶﻓ �ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺍ َل�ﺯﹾﻨَﺃ ﺎ�ﻤﹺﺒ �ﻡﹸﻜ�ﺤ�ﻴ �ﻡﹶﻟ �ﻥ�ﻤ�ﻭ
ÒAvj­vn hv bvwhj K‡i‡Qb Z`vbymv‡i hviv weavb †`q bv ZvivB Kvwdi|Ó 1033
Zviv `vwe K‡i †h, Avj­vni bvwhj Kiv weavb Agvb¨ Kivi Kvi‡Y Avjx, gyÔAvweqv I Zuv‡`i AbyMvwgMY mK‡jB
Kvwdi| Kv‡RB Zv‡`i ZvIev Ki‡Z n‡e| Zuviv Zuv‡`i Kg©‡K Aciva e‡j gvb‡Z A¯^xKvi Ki‡j Zviv Zuv‡`i mv‡_ hy×
ïi“ K‡i| Zviv Zv‡`i g‡Zi c‡ KziAv‡bi wewfbœ AvqvZ DׄZ Ki‡Z _v‡K| Avãyj­vn Beby AveŸvm (iv) I Ab¨vb¨
mvnvex Zv‡`i‡K eySv‡Z †Póv K‡ib †h, KziAvb I nv`xm eySvi †‡Î me‡P‡q cvi½g n‡jb ivm~jyj­vn (�)-Gi AvRxe‡bi
mnPi mvnvexMY| KziAvb I nv`x‡mi †Zvgiv †h A_© ey‡SQ Zv mwVK bq, eis mvnvex‡`i e¨vL¨vB mwVK| G‡Z wKQz gvbyl
DMÖZv Z¨vM Ki‡jI evwKiv Zv‡`i gZ‡KB mwVK e‡j `vwe K‡ib| Zviv mvnvex‡`i‡K `vjvj, Av‡cvlKvgx, Ab¨v‡qi
mn‡hvMx BZ¨vw` g‡b K‡i Zv‡`i wei“‡× hy× K‡i Bmjvg cÖwZôvi msMÖvg Pvwj‡q †h‡Z _v‡K| 1034
mvwjwm e¨e¯’v Avjx (iv) I gyAvweqv (iv)-Gi ga¨Kvi weev` wb®úwˇZ e¨_© nIqv‡Z Zv‡`i `vwe I cÖPviYv Av‡iv
†Rvi`vi nq| Zviv Av‡eMx hyeK‡`i‡K eySv‡Z _v‡K †h, Av‡cvmKvwgZvi ga¨ w`‡q KL‡bv n° cÖwZôv n‡Z cv‡i bv|
Kv‡RB `xb cÖwZôvi Rb¨ KziAv‡bi wb‡`©k Abymv‡i wRnv` Pvwj‡q †h‡Z n‡e| d‡j ermi Lv‡b‡Ki g‡a¨B Zv‡`i msL¨v
3/4 nvRvi †_‡K e„w× †c‡q cÖvq 25/30 nvRv‡i cwiYZ nq| 37 wnRix‡Z gvÎ 3/4 nvRvi gvbyl Avjxi (iv) `j Z¨vM
K‡ib| A_P 38 wnRix‡Z bvnvIqv‡›`i hy‡× Avjxi evwnbxi wei“‡× LvwiRx evwnbx‡Z cÖvq 25 nvRvi ˆmb¨ Dcw¯’Z
wQj| 1035
Bmjvg cÖwZôvi Rb¨ G‡`i msMÖvg wQj AZ¨š— Avš—wiK| Aviex mvwn‡Z¨ G‡`i KweZv Bmjvgx Rhev I wRnv`x †cÖiYvi
AZzjbxq fvÊvi| 1036 G‡`i evwn¨K avwg©KZv I mZZv wQj AZzjbxq| ivZw`b bdj mvjv‡Z `xN© mvR`vq c‡o _vK‡Z _vK‡Z
Zv‡`i Kcv‡j Kov c‡o wM‡qwQj| Zv‡`i K¨v‡¤úi cvk w`‡q †M‡j ïay KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi AvIqvRB Kv‡b Avm‡Zv| 1037
KziAvb cvV Ki‡j ev ïb‡j Zviv Avj­vni f‡q, AvwLiv‡Zi f‡q I Av‡e‡M Kuv`‡Z Kuv`‡Z †eûk n‡q †hZ| cvkvcvwk G‡`i
wnsmªZv I mš¿vm wQj fq¼i| A‡bK wbiciva A‡hv×vmn nvRvi nvRvi gymwj‡gi cÖvY bó nq Zv‡`i wnsmªZv I mš¿v‡mi
Kvi‡Y| 1038
37 wnRix †_‡K ïi“ K‡i cieZ©x K‡qK kZvãx ch©š— G‡`i mš¿vm, nZ¨v I hy× Ae¨vnZ _v‡K| 64-70 wnRixi w`‡K
Avãyj­vn Beby hyevBi I DgvBqv es‡ki kvmKM‡Yi g‡a¨ hy‡× Zviv Avãyj­vn Beby hyevBi‡K mg_©b K‡i| KviY Zv‡`i g‡Z,
wZwbB mwZ¨Kvi Bmjvgx kvmb cÖwZôv K‡iwQ‡jb| wKš‘ wZwb hLb Dmgvb I Avjx‡K Kvwdi e‡j gvb‡Z A¯^xKvi Ki‡jb Ges
Zv‡`i cÖksmv Ki‡jb ZLb Zviv Zuvi we‡ivwaZv ïi“ K‡i|
99-100 wnRixi w`‡K DgvBqv Ljxdv Dgvi Beby Avãyj Avhxh Zv‡`i avwg©KZv I wbôvi Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i‡K eywS‡q
fvj c‡_ Avbvi †Póv K‡ib| Zviv Zuvi mZZv, b¨vqwePvi I Bmjv‡gi cwic~Y© Abymi‡Yi wel‡q GKgZ †cvlY K‡i| Z‡e
Zv‡`i `vwe wQj, Dmgvb (iv) I Avjx (iv)-‡K Kvwdi ej‡Z n‡e, KviY Zviv Avj­vni wb‡`©‡ki wecixZ weavb cÖ`vb
K‡iQb| GQvov gyÔAvweqv (iv) I cieZ©x DgvBqv kvmK‡`i‡KI Kvwdi ej‡Z n‡e, KviY Zviv Avj­vni weavb cwiZ¨vM K‡i
kvmK‡`i gbMov AvB‡b †`k cwiPvjbv K‡ib| †hgb, ivRZš¿ cÖwZôv, ivR‡Kv‡li m¤ú` h‡_”Q e¨env‡i kvm‡Ki gZv
cÖ`vb BZ¨vw`| Dgvi Beby Avãyj Avhxh Zv‡`i G `vex bv gvbv‡Z kvwš— cÖ‡Póv e¨_© nq| Zuvi wb‡Ri kvmbKvh© Bmjvg m¤§Z
e‡j ¯^xKvi Kiv m‡Ë¡I Zviv Zvi wei“‡× hy× Pvwj‡q hvIqvi wm×v‡š— AUj _v‡K| 1039
Giv Bmjvg I gymwjg m¤ú‡K© ÔwcDwiUvbÕ aviYv jvjb KiZ| Zviv g‡b KiZ †h, Bmjvgx wewaweav‡bi j•Nb n‡jB

gymwjg e¨w³ Kvwd‡i cwiYZ nq Ges GBiƒc ÒKvwdi‡`iÓ wei“‡× hy× K‡i ÔBmjvg cÖwZôvÕ Kiv Ges cvcx iv‡óªi wei“‡× hy×
Kiv `x‡bi me‡P‡q eo dih| 1040
G‡`i we‡`ªv‡ni c‡i Avjx (iv) G‡`i‡K eywS‡q ivóªxq AvbyM‡Z¨i g‡a¨ wdwi‡q Avbvi †Póv K‡ib| wKš‘ Zviv Zv‡`i
wbwe©Pvi nZ¨v I aŸsmhÁ Ae¨vnZ ivL‡j GKch©v‡q Avjx (iv) Zv‡`i wei“‡× hy× K‡ib| bvnvIqv‡›`i hy‡× Zviv civwRZ nq
Ges A‡b‡K wbnZ nq| evwKiv bZzb DÏxcbv wb‡q Bmjvg cÖwZôvi Rb¨ Rgv‡qZ n‡Z _v‡K| GK ch©v‡q Zviv wm×vš— †bq †h,
†h‡nZz Avjx (iv) I gyAvweqv (iv) gymwjg D¤§vn‡K †Lv`v‡`ªvwnZvi g‡a¨ wbgw¾Z K‡i‡Qb, †m‡nZz Zv‡`i‡K ¸ß nZ¨v Ki‡jB
RvwZ GB cw¼jZv †_‡K D×vi cv‡e| GRb¨ Avãyi ivngvb Beby gyjwRg bv‡g GKe¨w³ 40 wnRixi ivgv`vb gv‡mi 21 Zvwi‡L
dR‡ii mvjv‡Zi c~‡e© Avjx hLb evwo †_‡K †ei nb, ZLb welv³ Zievix Øviv Zuv‡K AvNvZ K‡i| Avjxi (iv) kvnv`‡Zi c‡i
Zuvi D‡ËwRZ ˆm‡b¨iv hLb Avãyi ivngv‡bi n¯—c` KZ©b K‡i ZLb †m †gv‡UI Kó cÖKvk K‡i bv, eis Avb›` cÖKvk K‡i| wKš‘
hLb Zviv Zvi wRnŸv KZ©b Ki‡Z Pvq ZLb †m AZ¨š— AvcwË I †e`bv cÖKvk K‡i| Zv‡K KviY wRÁvmv Kiv n‡j †m e‡j, Avwg
PvB †h, Avj­vni whK&i Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Avwg knx` ne! 1041
Avjx‡K (iv) Gfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv‡Z Avãyi ivngvb‡K cÖksmv K‡i Zv‡`i GK Kwe Bgivb Beby wnËvb (g„Zz¨ 84 wn) e‡jb:
ÒKZ gnvb wQ‡jb †mB †bKKvi gyËvwK gvbylwU, whwb †mB gnvb AvNvZwU K‡iwQ‡jb! †mB AvNvZwUi Øviv wZwb Avi‡ki AwacwZi
mš‘wó Qvov Avi wKQzB Pvb wb| Avwg cÖvqB Zuvi ¯§iY Kwi Ges g‡b Kwi, Avj­vni Kv‡Q me‡P‡q †ewk mvIqv‡ei AwaKvix gvbyl
wZwbB|Ó 1042
Avjx (iv) I Ab¨vb¨ mvnvex G‡`i wbôv I avwg©KZvi Kvi‡Y G‡`i cÖwZ AZ¨š— `i` Abyfe Ki‡Zb| Zuviv G‡`‡i‡K
DMÖZvi c_ †_‡K wdwi‡q Avbvi Rb¨ A‡bK †Póv K‡ib| wKš‘ mKj †Póv e¨_© nq| Zviv Zv‡`i Ôeªv‡ÛiÕ Bmjvg ev Bmjvg I
KziAvb m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i wbR¯^ wPš—v I e¨vL¨v cwiZ¨vM Ki‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡ib| Avjx‡K cÖkœ Kiv nq: Giv wK Kvwdi? wZwb e‡jb,
Giv †Zv Kzdix †_‡K euvPvi Rb¨B cvwj‡q †eov‡”Q| ejv nq, Z‡e wK Zviv gybvwdK? wZwb e‡jb, gybvwdKiv †Zv Lye KgB
Avj­vni whK&i K‡i, Avi Giv †Zv ivZw`b Avj­vni whK&‡i wjß| ejv nq, Z‡e Giv Kx? wZwb e‡jb, Giv weåvwš— I wbR-gZ
c~Rvi wdZbvi g‡a¨ wbcwZZ n‡q AÜ I ewai n‡q wM‡q‡Q| 1043
6. 6. 4. 2. AvKx`v I g~jbxwZ
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv LvwiRxM‡Yi AvKx`v eyS‡Z †c‡iwQ| e¯‘Z Zviv me©`v Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© wb‡Ri eyS ev
gZ‡KB GKgvÎ mwVK gZ e‡j g‡b KiZ| G‡Z wKQz w`‡bi g‡a¨B Zviv K‡qK WRb Dc`‡j wef³ n‡q c‡o| Z‡e mKj
Dc`j †gvUvgywUfv‡e wb‡gœi welq¸wj‡Z GKgZ wQj:
(1) Kexiv †Mvbv‡n wjß e¨w³ Kvwdi|
(2) Dmgvb, Avjx, D‡óªi hy‡× AskMÖnYKvixMY, gyÔAvweqv, wmd&dx‡bi hy‡×i `yB mvwjm Avgi Beby Avm, Ave~ g~mv
AvkÔAvix (�) Ges Zv‡`i `yR‡bi ev GKR‡bi wePvi‡K †h e¨w³ mwVK e‡j g‡b K‡i Zvi mK‡jB Kvwdi|
(3) Rvwjg ev cvcx ivóªcÖav‡bi wei“‡× we‡`ªvn Kiv Ges wRnv` Kiv dih, Dciš‘ wRnv` AviKv‡b Bmjv‡gi gZB
dih AvBb Ges me‡P‡q eo dih|
GQvov Zv‡`i A‡bK gZvgZ i‡q‡Q Ges G mKj wel‡q Zv‡`i g‡a¨ A‡bK gZ‡f` I wefw³ i‡q‡Q|
6. 6. 4. 3. AvaywbK hy‡M LvwiRxMY
(1) Bevhx m¤cÖ`vq
LvwiRx wdiKvi AwaKvsk Dc`‡ji wejywß N‡U‡Q| eZ©gvb hy‡M DcmvMixq †`k Igv‡b Ges DËi Avwd«Kvi gi‡°v,
wZDwbwmqv, †gvwiZvwbqv I Ab¨vb¨ †`‡k Bevwhq¨vn (ﺔﻴﻀﺎﺒﻹﺍ) bvgK LvwiRx m¤cÖ`v‡qi gvby‡li we`¨gvb| Giv Avãyj­vn Beby
Bevh (ﺽﺎﺒﺇ ﻥﺒ ﷲﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ) bvgK GK e¨w³i Abymvix| g~j LvwiRx wek¦vm G‡`i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q| Z‡e mg‡qi AveZ©‡b A‡bK
ms‡hvRb I we‡qvRb N‡U‡Q| gyj LvwiRx AvKx`vi cvkvcvwk Avj­vni wmdvZ, Avj­vni Kvjvg BZ¨vw` wel‡q Zvi gyÕZvwhjx‡`i
AvKx`v †cvlY K‡i|
(2) AvaywbK LvwiRxMY
Dcwb‡e‡kvËi gymwjg †`k¸wj‡Z, we‡klZ wgm‡i Avayw&bK Bmjvgx RvMi‡Yi †cÖvc‡U wKQz bZzb Bmjvgx msMVb
cÖvPxb LvwiRx m¤cÖ`v‡qi AvKx`v MÖnY K‡i‡Q| M‡elKMY G‡`i‡K be¨-LvwiRx e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i A‡b‡KB
LvwiRxM‡Yi Dch©y³ wZbwU g~jbxwZ mwVK e‡j ¯úóZ ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb| G‡`i g‡a¨ GKwU mycwiwPZ `j wgm‡ii ïKix
Avng` gymZdv cÖwZwôZ ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxbÕ ev RvgvÔAvZzZ ZvKdxi Iqvj wnRivn|
ïKix Avng` gymZvdv 1942 mv‡j AvmBq~‡Z Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| 23 ermi eq‡m 1965 mv‡j wgm‡ii Avmq~Z kn‡ii
K…wl wek¦we`¨j‡q Aa¨qbiZ Ae¯’vq Zv‡K ÔBLIqvbyj gymwjgx‡biÕ m`m¨ nIqvi Awf‡hv‡M †MÖdZvi Kiv nq| `xN© cÖvq 7
282

ermi Kviv‡fv‡Mi ci 1971 mv‡j Zv‡K gyw³ †`Iqv nq| KvivMvi †_‡K wZwb bZzb GK Ô‰ec­weKÕ wPš—v I ZË¡ wb‡q †ei
nb|
wZwb I Zuvi AbymvixMY `vwe K‡ib †h, GKgvÎ Zuv‡`i wRnv`x Kg©Kv‡Êi gva¨‡gB `x‡bi weRq m¤¢e n‡e| Zviv
Av‡iv `vwe K‡ib †h, AZ¨š— `ª“ZB Zviv GB weRq AR©‡b mg n‡eb| Zuv‡`i GmKj `vwe `vIqv I `ª“Z Bmjvg cÖwZôvi
AvMÖn A‡bK hyeK‡K AvK…ó Ki‡Z mg nq| Zviv ÔRvgvÔAvZzj gymwjgxbÕ bv‡g GKwU `j MVb K‡ib| Giv GK ch©v‡q
Zv‡`i `jfy³ n‡Z AvcwË K‡i Ggb mKj gvbyl‡K Kvwdi-gyiZv` wn‡m‡e MY¨ K‡i Ges GBiƒc Kvwdi-gyiZv`‡`i‡K ¸ß
nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨ `‡ji Kg©x‡`i cÖwZ wb‡`©k Rvwi K‡i| we‡klZ †h mKj Avwjg I Bmjvgx e¨w³Z¡ G‡`i Kg©x‡`i mv‡_
†hvMv‡hvM K‡i Zv‡`i weåvwš— eySv‡Z †Póv Ki‡Zb ev Zv‡`i weåvwš—i wei“‡× K_v ej‡Zb Zv‡`i‡K Zviv ¸ß nZ¨v Ki‡Z
ïi“ K‡i|
G‡`i Kg©Kv‡Êi IRynv‡Z wgmixq miKvi AMwYZ Avwjg I avwg©K hyeK‡K KvivMv‡i wb‡c K‡i| GQvov cÖPvi gva¨g¸wj
G‡`i Kg©KvʇK mvaviYfv‡e Bmjvgx wkv cÖwZôvb, avwg©K gvbyl I Bmjvg cÖPviK‡`i wei“‡× AccÖPv‡ii nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e
e¨envi K‡i| 1978 mv‡j G‡`i AwaKvsk‡K g„Zz¨`Ê cÖ`vb Kiv nq| evwK A‡bK‡K `xN© †gqvw` mkªg Kviv`Ê cÖ`vb Kiv nq|
Gici G `‡ji e¨vwn¨K Kg©KvÊ †`Lv hvq bv| Z‡e gv‡S gv‡S Zviv Zv‡`i Aw¯—Z¡ I Kg©KvÊ `vwe K‡i| GQvov Zv‡`i wPš—
v‡PZbv cieZ©xKv‡j A‡bK Av‡eMx gymwj‡gi g‡a¨ cÖfve †d‡j‡Q| 1044
Zv‡`i g~jbxwZ¸wj g‡a¨ wQj:
(1) KziAvb eySvi Rb¨ eyw× we‡eKB h‡_ô e‡j `vwe Kiv
G‡`i †bZv ïKix `vwe K‡ib †h, KziAvb eySvi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv gvby‡li e¨vL¨vi cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q e‡j g‡b KivI Kzdix; KviY
G‡Z gvby‡li K_v‡K Avj­vni K_vi Dc‡i ¯’vb †`Iqv nq| GB hyw³‡Z Zviv KziAv‡bi AvqvZ¸wj wb‡R‡`i eyS I Av‡eM
Abymv‡i e¨vL¨v KiZ| mvnvexMY ev Ab¨ Kv‡iv g‡Zi G‡‡Î †Kv‡bv g~j¨ Av‡Q e‡j ¯^xKvi KiZ bv|
(2) mvnvexMYmn c~e©eZ©x mKj gymwjg cÖRb¥‡K N„Yv Kiv
mvnvexM‡Yi hyM †_‡K AvaywbK hyM ch©š— mKj gymwjg cÖRb¥‡K Zviv BmjvgPz¨Z e‡j g‡b KiZ| KviY Zviv mwVK
Bmjvg cÖwZôvi Rb¨ †Póv bv K‡i †Lv`v‡`ªvnx Zv¸wZ ivóªkw³i mv‡_ Av‡cvm K‡i P‡j‡Qb| mvnvex, Zvweqx I cieZ©x hy‡Mi
Avwjg‡`i e¨vL¨v ev gZvgZ‡K Zviv †Kv‡bviƒc g~j¨vqb KiZ bv| nv`xm MÖnY Kivi wel‡q Zviv wb‡R‡`i cQ‡›`i Dci
wbf©i KiZ| Zv‡`i g‡Z KziAvb I nv`x‡mi cvkvcvwk AvKj I we‡eKB Bmjv‡gi g~j Drm| 1045
(3) AZxZ-eZ©gvb mKj Avwj‡gi cÖwZ AeÁv cÖKvk
ïKix I Zvi AbymvwiMY AZxZ I eZ©gvb mKj hy‡Mi mKj Avwj‡gi cÖwZ KwVb AeÁv cÖKvk Ki‡Zb| mvnvexM‡Yi
hyM †_‡K ïi“ K‡i cieZ©x mKj hy‡Mi Avwjg, Bgvg, gyRZvwn`, gynvwÏm I mgKvwjb mKj Avwjg‡K Zviv gyL©, ¯^v_©ci,
Av‡cvmKvwg, ÔZv¸ZÕ-Gi Abymvix, BZ¨vw` e‡j AwfwnZ Ki‡Zb| †Kv‡bv Avwj‡gi cy¯—K co‡Z ev KvD‡K cÖkœ Ki‡Z Zviv
Zv‡`i Abymvix‡`i KwVbfv‡e wb‡la Ki‡Zb| 1046
(4) A‰bmjvwgK kvmb I AvBb e¨e¯’vi miKvi‡K Kvwdi ejv
LvwiRx‡`i gZB Giv `vwe K‡i †h, gymwjg `vwe`vi hw` Bmjv‡gi †Kv‡bv Abymvkb j•Nb K‡i Z‡e †m Kvwdi n‡q
hvq| G‡‡Î Zviv g~jZ ivR‰bwZK wfbœgZvej¤^x‡KB Kvwdi e‡jb| Zviv wb‡RivB †QvU dih I eo dih Z‡Ë¡i wfwˇZ
A‡bK cÖKvi cv‡c wjß nb, †h¸wj KziAvb I nv`x‡m ¯úóZB cvc e‡j †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| cvš—‡i ivóªxq PvKix Kiv, iv‡ói
AvbyMZ¨ Kiv, Zv‡`i `‡j †hvM bv †`Iqv, ÔZv‡`i Kw_Z wRnv` mg_©b bv KivÕ, Ôag©wbi‡cÕ ev ÔMYZvwš¿KÕ †Kv‡bv `j‡K
mg_©b Kiv BZ¨vw` e¨vL¨v-mv‡c cv‡ci Kvi‡Y Zviv A‡bK Avwjg I Bmjvgx e¨w³Z¡‡K Kvwdi †NvlYv K‡i Zv‡`i nZ¨v
K‡i‡Q|
(5) ÔAvbyM‡Z¨iÕ Kvi‡Y mvaviY bvMwiK‡`i‡K Kvwdi ejv
LvwiRxMY †hgb gvbyl‡K mvwjm Kivi gZv cÖ`vb, ivRZš¿ cÖwZôv, evBZzj gv‡ji m¤ú‡` kvm‡Ki h‡_”Q AwaKvi
cÖ`vb BZ¨vw` Ôgvbe iwPZÕ AvBb cÖPj‡bi Kvi‡Y Avjx (iv), gyÔAvweqv (iv) I cieZ©x kvmKi‡`i‡K Kvwdi e‡j‡Q,
†Zgwbfv‡e Giv Dcwb‡ek-DËi gymwjg †`k¸wji, Ges we‡klZ wgm‡ii kvmK‡`i‡K ÔBmjvg-we‡ivaxÕ AvBb cÖPj‡bi Rb¨
Kvwdi e‡j †NvlYv K‡i| Zviv `vwe K‡i †h, AvaywbK gymwjg ivóª¸wji Rvwjg kvmKMY †h‡nZz ÔBmjvgxÕ AvB‡b wePvi
K‡ib bv ev Bmjvg we‡ivax AvB‡b wePvi K‡ib, †m‡nZz Zviv mK‡jB Kvwdi I ag©Z¨vMx gyiZv`| Avi G mKj miKvi‡i
AvbyM‡Z¨i Kvi‡Y †`‡ki mvaviY bvMwiK‡`i Kvwdi ejv|
(6) RvgvÔAvZ I evBÔAv‡Zi ZË¡ cÖ`vb Kiv
Zviv `vwe K‡i †h, ïaygvÎ ÔRvgvÔAvZÕ I evBqv‡Zi gva¨‡gB GKRb gymwjg‡K Agymwjg †_‡K c„_K Kiv hv‡e| GB
283

`vwei c‡ Zviv KziAvb I nv`x‡mi evBqvZ I RvgvÔAvZ welqK wb‡`©kvejx‡K `wjj wn‡m‡e †ck K‡i| Zv‡`i GB `vwe
gyL©Zv I weåvwš—i mswgkªY wQj| KviY Zv‡`i †ck Kiv `wj‡ji †Kv‡bvwU‡ZB evBqvZ I RvgvÔAvZ‡K Cgv‡bi cwiPq
wn‡m‡e D‡j­L Kiv nq wb| m‡e©vcwi Zviv GB cwifvlv؇qi A_©I eyS‡Z cv‡i wb|
(7) eo dih I †QvU di‡hi ZË¡ cÖ`vb
LvwiRxM‡Yi gZ Zvi cvcx iv‡óªi wei“‡× wRnv` Kiv‡K dih AvBb e‡j `vwe K‡ib| cvkvcvwk Zuviv `vwe K‡ib †h,
Bmjv‡gi weRq mywbwðZ Ki‡Z gymwjg‡`i Dci me‡P‡q eo I cÖ_g dih n‡jv Bmjvgx ivóª ev wLjvdvZ cÖwZôv Kiv| GB
dih cvjb Ki‡Z †h‡q hw` Ab¨vb¨ dih Bev`Z ev` w`‡Z nq Z‡e Zv w`‡Z n‡e| †hgb GRb¨ cÖ‡qvR‡b mvjvZ ev`
†`Iqv hv‡e ev mvjv‡Zi ga¨Kvi dih Kg© ev` †`Iqv hv‡e|
GwUI Zv‡`i gbMov GKwU gZvgZ wQj| †Kv‡bv dih‡K eo ej‡Z n‡j KziAvb I nv`x‡mi my¯úó wb‡`©kbv cÖ‡qvRb|
wRnv`, `vIqvZ, mrKv‡R Av‡`k, AmrKv‡R wb‡la BZ¨vw` Kg© KziAvb I nv`xm wb‡`©wkZ dih Bev`Z e‡U, wKš‘ KziAvb I
nv`x‡m KL‡bvB G¸wj‡K me‡P‡q eo dih ejv nq wb| eis KziAvb-nv`xm †_‡K my¯úó †h, G mKj Bev`Z eo dih nIqv †Zv
`~‡ii K_v dih AvBbI bq, eis Zv g~jZ dih wKdvqv| KziAv‡b gnvb Avj­vn my¯úó D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb †h, Ihi QvovI hviv
wRnv` bv K‡i e‡m _v‡Kb Z‡e Zv‡`i gh©v`v wKQz Kg‡jI †Kv‡bv cvc n‡e bv| nv`xm kix‡d wcZvgvZvi †L`g‡Zi Rb¨ wRnv`
cwiZ¨v‡Mi wb‡`©k †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ mgvR cwieZ©‡bi Av‡eM Ges KziAvb, nv`xm I mvnvexM‡Yi Kg©aviv m¤ú‡K© AÁZv
Zv‡`i‡K weåvš— K‡i|
6. 6. 5. Ab¨vb¨ wdiKv
Avgiv D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, cÖvPxb wdiKv¸wji ga¨ †_‡K kxqv I LvwiRx m¤cÖ`vq Qvov Ab¨vb¨ m¤cÖ`vq evn¨Z wejyß
n‡q wM‡q‡Q| Z‡e Zv‡`i gZvg‡Zi wKQz w`K wewßfv‡e wewfbœ `j-Dc`‡ji g‡a¨ cvIqv hvq| G¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:
6. 6. 5. 1. gyiwRq¨vn 1047
gyiwRq¨vn (ﺔﺌﺠﺭﻤﻟﺍ) Aviex ÔAviRvAvÕ (ﺄﺠﺭﺃ) wdj †_‡K M„nxZ ÔBmgy dvBjÕ| g~j kã ev avZzg~j iv, Rxg I nvghv:
ÔivRvAv (ﺄﺠﺭ)| AviRvAv (ﺄﺠﺭﺃ) A_© wejw¤^Z Kiv, wcwQ‡q †`Iqv, ¯’wMZ ivLv (To postpone, adjourn, defer, put off)
BZ¨vw`| gyiwRDb (ﺊﺠﺭﻤ) A_© wejw¤^ZKvix ev ¯’wMZKvix| eûePb ev wdiKv A‡_ gyiwRq¨vn ejv nq, A_©vr wejw¤^ZKvixMY ev
¯’wMZKvixMY|
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, LvwiRxMY cvcx gymwjg‡K Kvwdi Ges Abš—Kvj Rvnvbœvgx e‡j wek¦vm K‡i| Zv‡`i g‡Z
Bmjv‡gi weavb cvjb Cgv‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask| K‡g©i NvUwZ gv‡bB Cgv‡bi NvUwZ| Avi Cgv‡bi NvUwZ A_©B Kzd&i| Gi
wecix‡Z Av‡iK `‡ji D¢e nq| Zviv e‡j, Cgv‡bi mv‡_ Avg‡ji †Kv‡bv m¤úK© †bB| Cgvb ev wek¦vm †_‡K Avgj ev Kg©
m¤ú~Y© wew”Qbœ I c„_K| Cgv‡bi Rb¨ ïay Aš—‡ii fw³ ev wek¦vmB h‡_ó| Bmjv‡gi †Kv‡bv wewaweavb cvjb bv K‡iI
GKe¨w³ Cgv‡bi c~Y©Zvi wkL‡i Av‡ivnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avi Giƒc Cgvb`vi e¨w³i Kexiv †Mvbvn Zvi †Kv‡bv wZ K‡i bv|
hZ †MvbvnB Ki“K bv †Kb †m RvbœvZx n‡e| G‡`i g~jbxwZ n‡jv,
ﹲﺔﻋﺎﻁ ﺭﻔﹸﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻊﻔﻨ�ﻴ ﻻ ﻪﻨﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﹲﺔﻴﺼﻌﻤ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺭ�ﻀ�ﻴ ﻻ
ÒCgvb _vK‡j †Kv‡bv cvcB †Kv‡bv wZ K‡i bv, †hgb Kzd&i _vK‡j †Kv‡bv cyb¨B Kv‡R jv‡M bv|Ó
wØZxq wnRix kZ‡Ki cÖ_g †_‡KB G gZwU we‡kl cÖmvi jvf K‡i| G‡`i‡K gyiwRqv †Kb ejv n‡jv †m wel‡q `ywU
e¨vL¨v cvIqv hvq| Bebyj Avmxi e‡jb, Giv †h‡nZz wek¦vm K‡i †h, Kexiv †Mvbv‡n wjß e¨w³‡K Avj­vn kvw¯— w`‡eb bv ev
Zvi kvw¯— ¯’wMZ ivL‡eb †m‡nZz Zv‡`i‡K gyiwRq¨vn ejv nq| Avi Avãyj Kvwni evM`v`x e‡jb, Giv †h‡nZz Avgj ev
Kg©‡K Cgvb †_‡K wew”Qbœ K‡i‡Q ev ¯’wMZ K‡i‡Q GRb¨ G‡`i‡K gyiwRqv ejv nq| 1048
LvwiRxMY †hiƒc KziAvb I nv`x‡m wKQz e³e¨ wb‡R‡`i g‡Zi wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i Gi wecix‡Z Ab¨ e³e¨¸wj
e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Q, ev evwZj K‡i‡Q, Abyiƒcfv‡e gyiwRqvMYI Zv‡`i wecix‡Z KziAvb I nv`x‡mi gv welqK I ZvInx‡`i
dhxjZ welqK e³e¨¸wj‡K g~j wfwË wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i evwK AvqvZ I nv`xm¸wj e¨vL¨vi gva¨‡g evwZj K‡i‡Q| mgš^q ev
Dfq cÖKvi wkv MÖnY Ki‡Z Zviv m‡Pó nq wb|
GLv‡b jYxq †h, LvwiRx, gyZvwhjx Ges Zv‡`i ms‡M GKgZ wewfbœ wdiKv Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvZ‡KI
gyiwRqvn e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i| KviY G mKj wdiKv Kexiv †Mvbv‡n wjß gymwj‡gi weavb ZvrwYK e‡j †`q †h, †m Abš—
Kvj Rvnvbœv‡g evm Ki‡e| Avi Avnjym mybœvZ Kexiv †Mvbv‡n wjß e¨w³‡K Abš— Rvnvbœvgevmx bv e‡j Zvi welqwU Avj­vni
nv‡Z e‡j wek¦vm K‡ib Ges Avj­vn Zv‡K B”Qv Ki‡j kvw¯— bv w`‡q gv Ki‡Z cv‡ib e‡j wek¦vm K‡ib| Gfv‡e Zuviv cvcx
gymwj‡gi wel‡q P~ovš— wm×v‡š—i welqwU wcwQ‡q †`b|
6. 6. 5. 2. Kv`vwiq¨vn 1049
284

Kv`vwiq¨vn (ﺔﻳرﺪﻘﻟا) kãwU ÔKv`viÕ (رﺪﻘﻟا) kã †_‡K M„nxZ| ÔKv`viÕ A_© wba©viY| Bmjv‡gi cwifvlvq ÔKv`viÕ A_©
Avj­vni wba©viY, c~e© wba©viY ev ZvK`xi| ÔKv`vixÕ A_© ZvK`x‡ii mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| `j ev wdiKv A‡_© ÔKv`vwiq¨vnÕ ejv nq|
A_©vr ZvK`x‡ii mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z `j ev ZvK`x‡ii mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z e¨w³MY| hviv Avj­vni c~e© wba©viY ev ZvK`xi A¯^xKvi K‡ib
Zv‡`i‡K ÔKv`vwiq¨vnÕ ejv nq| cÖ_g wnRix kZ‡Ki †klfvM †_‡K G g‡Zi D¢e nq| wØZxq kZvãx‡Z Zv cÖmvi jvf K‡i|
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ZvK`x‡i wek¦v‡mi A_© Avj­vni Abvw`-Abš— me©e¨vcx Bjg ev Áv‡b wek¦vm| A_©vr G K_v wek¦vm
Kiv †h, Abvw` Kvj †_‡K gnvb Avj­vn we‡k¦i †K, KLb, †Kv_vq, wKfv‡e wK Ki‡e, wK NU‡e meB Rv‡bb| ZvK`x‡i
Awek¦vm Ki‡j Avj­vni Áv‡bI Awek¦vm Ki‡Z nq| GRb¨ Kv`vwiq¨vn m¤cÖ`vq wek¦vm K‡i †h, gnvb Avj­vn c~e© †_‡K wKQz
Rv‡bb bv, eis hLb hv N‡U ZLb wZwb Zv Rv‡bb|
D‡j­L¨ †h, gyZvwhjvMY Kv`vwiq¨vn wdiKvi mKj g~jbxwZ MÖnY K‡i| GRb¨ A‡b‡KB gyZvwhjv I Kv`vwiq¨vn GK wdiKv
e‡jB MY¨ K‡i‡Qb| c‡i Avgiv gyÕZvwhjv‡`i wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kie, Bbkv Avj­vn|
6. 6. 5. 3. Rvevwiqvn 1050
Rvevi (ﺮﺒﺠﻟا) k‡ãi A_© ÔRei`w¯—Õ, eva¨ Kiv, gZv cÖ‡qvM BZ¨vw`| Rvevwiq¨vn m¤cÖ`vq Kv`vwiq¨vn m¤cÖ`v‡qi
wecixZ wek¦vm †cvlY K‡i| Giv wek¦vm K‡i †h, gvby‡li ¯^vaxb B”Qvkw³ ev Kg©kw³ e‡j wKQzB †bB| gvbyl hv K‡i Zv Ki‡Z †m
eva¨| gvbyl Pvwe †`Iqv K‡ji cyZz‡ji gZB| Kv`vwiq¨vnMY wek¦vm K‡i †h, fvM¨ e‡j wKQzB †bB, Kg©B me| Avi Rvevwiq¨vnMY
wek¦vm K‡i †h, Kg© e‡j wKQz †bB fvM¨B me| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvZ G wel‡q KziAvb I nv`x‡mi
mKj wkv mgvbfv‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| Zuviv e‡jb, fvM¨ †hgb i‡q‡Q, †Zgwb i‡q‡Q Kg©| Avj­vn †h‡nZz `ywU welqB D‡j­L
K‡i‡Qb †m‡nZz `ywU welqB mZ¨| G`ywUi mgš^‡q Avkv I f‡qi g‡a¨ Cgvb| Rvnwgq¨vn m¤cÖ`v‡qi ¸i“ RvngB Rvevwiq¨v
AvKx`vi cÖ_g cÖe³ e‡j MY¨|
6. 6. 5. 4. Rvnwgq¨vn 1051
Rvnwgq¨vn A_© ÔRvn‡gi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| Rvn&g Beby mvdIqvb (g„Zz¨ 128 wn.) cvi‡m¨i Awaevmx wQ‡jb| G e¨w³
Bmjvgx wek¦v‡mi g‡a¨ MÖxK `k©b, cviwmK ag© BZ¨vw`i ga¨ †_‡K A‡bK wKQz XywK‡q †`q| †m GKw`‡K ÔRvevwiqvÕ g‡Z
cÖPviK I cÖeZ©K wQj| †m cÖPvi KiZ †h, gvby‡li †Kv‡bviƒc gZv †bB| Puv`, m~h© BZ¨vw` †hgb B”Qvnxbfv‡e AveZ©b
K‡i, gvbylI †Zgwb B”Qvnxb gZvnxbfv‡e K‡ji cyZz‡ji gZ Pjgvb| cvkvcvwk †m gyiwRqv g‡Zi cÖPviK wQj| †m ejZ
†h, ü`‡qi Ávb ev gvwidvZB Cgvb Ges AÁZvB Kzd&i| †m Av‡iv cÖPvi KiZ †h, RvbœvZ I Rvnvbœg GK mgq wejyß n‡q
hv‡e|
GQvov †m Avj­vni we‡klY¸wj AwaKvsk †‡Î A¯^xKvi ev e¨vL¨v KiZ| †m ejZ, †h we‡kl‡Y Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ KvD‡K
we‡kwlZ Kiv hvq †m we‡klY Avwg Avj­vni †‡Î cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z ivwh bB| Kv‡RB Avj­vn‡K we`¨gvb, Ávbx, B”QvKvix BZ¨vw`
wKQzB ejv hv‡e bv| Z‡e †h we‡klY¸wj Avj­vn Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv †‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ bq, †m¸wj Zuvi †‡Î e¨envi Kiv hv‡e, †hgb
mªóv, Rxeb`vZv, g„Zz¨`vZv... BZ¨vw`| †m Avj­vni Kvjvg ev K_vi Abvw`Z¡ A¯^xKvi KiZ| †m `vwe KiZ †h, Avj­vni Kvjvg
Avj­vni m„wó| Kv‡RB KL‡bvB ejv hv‡e bv †h Avj­vn e‡j‡Qb ev K_v e‡j‡Qb, eis ej‡Z n‡e †h, Avj­vn K_v m„wó K‡i‡Qb|
Giƒc mKj cÖKv‡ii weåvwš— †m GKwÎZ K‡i| †m GZ †ewk my¯úófv‡e hyw³i bv‡g KziAv‡bi AvqvZmg~n A¯^xKvi KiZ †h,
†Zgb †Kv‡bv e¨vL¨viI avi aviZ bv| GRb¨ Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn) I Ab¨vb¨ yA‡bK Bgvg Rvng I Zvi Abymvix‡`i‡K
my¯úóiƒ‡c Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb| Zuviv Rvnwgqv‡`i‡K Ôgymwjg wdiKvÕ e‡j MY¨ bv K‡i ÔAgymwjgÕ e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb| 1052
cieZ©xKv‡j Avj­vni we‡klY‡K weK…Z Kiv ev e¨vL¨v Kivi cÖeYZv‡K mvaviYfv‡e ÔRvnwgq¨vÕ gZev` e‡j MY¨ Kiv nq| 1053
D‡j­L¨ †h, gyÕZvwhjv m¤cÖ`vq Avj­vni wmdvZ ev we‡klY wel‡q Rvngx gZev‡`i Abymvix|
6. 6. 5. 5. gyÕZvwhjv 1054
gyÕZvwhjv (ﺔﻟﺯﺘﻌﻤﻟﺍ) kãwU ÔBÕZvhvjvÕ (لﺯﺘﻋﺍ) wdÕj †_‡K M„nxZ| BÕwZhvj (لﺍﺯﺘﻋﻻﺍ) A_© wew”Qbœ nIqv, wbtm½
nIqv, GKvKx nIqv BZ¨vw`| cÖ_g wnRixi †klfv‡M Ges wØZxq wnRixi cÖ_gfv‡M wek¦v‡mi wel‡q `vk©wbK weZ‡K©i ga¨
w`‡q gyÕZvwhjv gZev‡`i m„wó nq|
G‡`i‡K gyÕZvwhjv ejv n‡jv †Kb †m wel‡q GKvwaK gZ i‡q‡Q| Z‡e cÖwm× gZ GB †h, cÖwm× Zvweqx nvmvb evmixi
(110 wn) GKRb QvÎ wQ‡jb Iqvwmj Beby AvZv (80-131 wn)| ZrKvjxb GKwU we‡kl weZwK©Z welq wQj cvcx gymwj‡gi welq|
Avgiv †`‡LwQ LvwiRxMY cvcx gymwjg‡K Kvwdi e‡j MY¨ KiZ Ges AvwLiv‡Z †m Abš— Rvnvbœvgx e‡j wek¦vm KiZ| gyiwRq¨vn
m¤cÖ`vq Zv‡K cwic~Y© gywgb Ges Abš— RvbœvZx e‡j wek¦vm KiZ| mvnvexMY I Zuv‡`i Abymvix g~j avivi ZvweqxMY Giƒc
gymwjg‡K cvcx gywgb I AvwLiv‡Z kvw¯—‡fv‡Mi ci bvRvZ jvf Ki‡e e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡Zb| Iqvwmj Beby AvZv `vwe K‡ib †h,
285

Giƒc e¨w³‡K gywgbI ejv hv‡e bv Ges KvwdiI ejv hv‡e bv| eis †m Cgvb I Kzdixi ga¨eZ©x ¯’v‡b Ae¯’vb iZ| G Ae¯’vq
g„yZ¨eiY Ki‡j †m Abš— Rvnvbœvgx n‡e, KviY †m Cgvbnxbfv‡e g„Zz¨eiY K‡i‡Q| nvmvb emix (ivn) Zvi G gZ cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡ib
Ges Zv‡K Zvi gvRwj‡m Avm‡Z wb‡la K‡ib| Iqvwmj nvmvb emixi gvRwjm Z¨vM K‡i emivi gmwR‡`i Ab¨ †Kv‡Y wew”Qbœ n‡q
em‡Z ïi“ K‡i| GRb¨ Zv‡K Ges Zvi Abymvix‡`i‡K ÔgyÕZvwhjvÕ ejv nq|
me©ve¯’vq wØZxq wnRix kZ‡K G gZwU we‡kl cÖwmw× I cÖmvi jvf K‡i| G g‡Zi AbymvixMY MÖxK, wgmixq, cvimxq I
fviZxq `k©b, mvwnZ¨ I ag©ZË¡ m¤ú‡K© †jLvcov Kivi d‡j ag©xq A‡bK wel‡q `vk©wbK e¨vL¨v w`‡q wkwZ I ms¯‹…wZevb
gvbyl‡`i AvKwl©Z K‡ib| K‡qKRb AveŸvmx Ljxdv, we‡klZ Ljxd gvgyb (wLjvdvZ: 198-218 wn/814-833L„) I Ljxdv
gyÕZvwmg (218-227 wn/833-842L„) Zv‡`i hyw³, ZK©, `k©bkv‡¯¿ cvwÊZ¨ BZ¨vw`‡Z gy» n‡q Zv‡`i gZ MÖnY K‡ib Ges G
gZwU‡KB ivóªxq ag©gZ wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i mKj Avwjg‡K GgZ MÖn‡Y eva¨ Ki‡Z ïi K‡ib| Z‡e g~javivi AvwjgM‡Yi cÖej
cÖwZ‡iv‡ai gy‡L µgvš^‡q G g‡Zi Abymvix Kg‡Z _v‡K| µgvš^‡q Zv wejyß n‡q hv|
Avnj~m mybœv‡Zi mv‡_ gyZvwhjx m¤cÖ`v‡qi †gŠwjK bxwZMZ cv_©K¨ wQj wek¦v‡mi wel‡q gvbexq AvKj ev eyw×-we‡eK
(sense, reason, rationality, intellect, intelligence) I Inx (Scripture)-Gi cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© I Ae¯’vb| gyÕZvwhjx
AvKx`vi g~j welq wQj gvbexq AvKj ev eyw×-we‡eK‡K Inxi wePviK wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv| Zv‡`i g‡Z AvKj Inxi †P‡q AMÖMY¨|
AvKj ev gvbexq eyw×i wePv‡i Inxi g‡a¨ Am½wZ †`Lv †M‡j eyw× I `k©‡bi gva¨‡g Inxi e¨vL¨v I wePvi Ki‡Z n‡e| KziAv‡bi
e³e¨‡K Zviv ÔiƒcKÕ, A¯úó BZ¨vw` hyw³‡Z evwZj KiZ Ges nv`x‡mi e³e¨‡K Zviv ÔLvev‡i Iqvwn`Õ ev gyZvIqvwZi bq,
Kv‡RB A_©MZ eY©bvi m¤¢vebv Av‡Q hyw³‡Z evwZj KiZ| G wel‡q mvnvexM‡Yi Abymi‡Y g~javivi Zvweqx I cieZ©x AvwjgMY
ev Avnjym mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi BgvgM‡Yi AvKx`vi g~jbxwZ Avgiv B‡Zvc~‡e© GKvwaK ¯’v‡b e¨vL¨v K‡iwQ|
gyÕZvwhjvMY Zv‡`i g~jbxwZi wfwˇZ A‡bK AvKx`vi D¢veb K‡ib| B‡Zvc~‡e© D‡j­L K‡iwQ †h, Kv`vwiq¨vn I
Rvnwgq¨vn wdiKv؇qi g~jbxwZ mg~n meB gyÕZvwhjvMY MÖnY K‡i| Zviv wbR‡`i‡K Avnjyj Av`wj IqvZ ZvInx` ( لﺩﻌﻟﺍ لﻫﺃ
ﺩﻴﺤﻭﺘﻟﺍﻭ) A_©vr b¨vqwePvi I GK‡Z¡i Abymvix ej‡Zb| Zv‡`i `vwe gZ Zv‡`i g~jbxwZ cuvPwU (1) Av`j (لﺩﻌﻟﺍ) ev b¨vqwePvi,
(2) ZvInx` (ﺩﻴﺤﻭﺘﻟﺍ) ev GKZ¡, (3) Bbdvhyj IC` ( ﺩﻴﻋﻭﻟﺍ ﺫﺎﻔﻨﺇ)
ev kvw¯—i Aw½Kvi ev¯—evqb, (4) Avj-gvbwhjvZz evBbvj
gvbwhjvZvBwb (ﻥﻴﺘﻟﺯﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻟﺯﻨﻤﻟﺍ) ev `yB Ae¯’v‡bi ga¨eZ©x Ae¯’vb Ges (5) Avj-Avgi“ wej gvi“d Iqvb bvnD Avwbj
gybKvi ( ﹺﻥ�ﻋ �ﻲ�ﻬﱠﻨﻟﺍ�ﻭ �ﻑﻭ�ﺭ�ﻌ�ﻤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺒ �ﺭ�ﻤَﻷﺍ
286
ﹺﺭﹶﻜﹾﻨ�ﻤﹾﻟﺍ ) ev mrK‡g© Av‡`k I AmrKg© †_‡K wb‡la| 1055
G¸wji wfwˇZ Zv‡`i D¢vweZ AvKx`vi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:
(1) Avj­vni we‡klYmg~n A¯^xKvi Kiv| Zv‡`i g‡Z, gnvb Avj­vni Ávb, Rxeb, gZv, kªeY, `k©b BZ¨vw` Abvw`
we‡klY Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡j Abvw` mËvi msL¨v A‡bK n‡q hvq| G‡Z Avj­vni GKZ¡ bó nq| GKvi‡Y Zviv wb‡R‡`i‡K
GKZ¡ev`x e‡j `vwe KiZ| G Qvov m„wói mv‡_ Zzjbv n‡e G hyw³‡Z Zviv KziAvb-nv`x‡m D‡j­wLZ gnvb Avj­vni we‡klY I
Kg©¸wj A¯^xKvi KiZ Ges †m¸wji wewfbœ e¨vL¨v KiZ|
(2) gnvb Avj­vn‡K AvwLiv‡Z †`Lv hv‡e bv|
(3) Avj­vni K_v Zuvi Abvw` we‡klY bq eis Zv Zuvi m„ó e¯‘ gvÎ|
(4) ZvK`xi e‡j †Kv‡bv wKQz †bB| gnvb Avj­vn gvby‡li K‡g©i mªóv bb, gvbylB gvby‡li K‡g©i mªóv| Avj­vni B”Qvi
evB‡i ev Avj­vni Awb”Qv m‡Ë¡I gvbyl Ab¨vq Kg© K‡i| ZvK`x‡ii A¯^xKvi‡KB Zviv Ôb¨vqwePv‡ii wek¦vmÕ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ KiZ|
(5) cvcx gymwjg KvwdiI bq gywgbI bq| AvwLiv‡Z †m Abš— Rvnvbœvgx| G wek¦vm‡K Zviv Ôkvw¯—i Aw½Kvi ev¯—evqbÕ
e‡j AvL¨vwqZ KiZ| KviY Avj­vn cvcx‡`i kvw¯—i Aw½Kvi K‡i‡Qb| Gici hw` wZwb gv K‡ib Z‡e Zv b¨vqwePvi I Aw½Kvi
ev¯—evq‡bi cwicš’x nq| Avj­vni b¨vqwePv‡ii hyw³‡Z Zviv ÔkvdvÔAvZÕ welqK KziAvb-nv`x‡mi mKj wb‡`©kbv A¯^xKvi KiZ|
(6) Ab¨‡`i‡K mrKv‡R Av‡`k Kiv I Ab¨vq †_‡K wb‡la Kiv Ri“ix I dvih AvBb| ivóªI Ab¨vq Ki‡j Zvi
wei“‡× we‡`ªvn Ki‡Z n‡e| Gg‡Zi wfwˇZ Zviv wb‡R‡`i G mKj AvKx`v Ab¨‡`i Dci Pvwc‡q †`Iqvi †Rvi cÖ‡Póv
Pvjvb|
gyÕZvwhjvM‡Yi g‡a¨ A‡bK Dc`‡ji D¢e N‡U| cÖ‡Z¨K `‡jiB wbR¯^ AvKx`v I gZvgZ i‡q‡Q|
6. 6. 5. 6. gykvweŸnv 1056
gykvweŸnv (ﺔﻬ�ﺒﺸﻤﻟﺍ) kãwU ÔZvkexnÕ (ﻪﻴﺒﺸﺘﻟﺍ) wµqvg~j †_‡K M„nxZ| Zvkexn A_© Zzjbv Kiv, Dcgv †`Iqv, mgvb
evbv‡bv (To make equal or similar, to compare) BZ¨vw`| gykvweŸnv A_© ZzjbvKvixMY| hviv gnvb Avj­vni
we‡klY‡K gvbexq we‡kl‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbxq e‡j wek¦vm K‡i ev gnvb Avj­vn‡K gvbexq AvK…wZi e‡j wek¦vm K‡i Zv‡`i‡K
ÔgykvweŸnvÕ ev ZzjbvKvix wdiKv e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Kiv nq|
gnvb Avj­vn KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi e‡j‡Qb †h, gnvb Avj­vni †Kv‡bv Zzjbv w`I bv Ges †Kv‡bv wKQzB Zuvi mv‡_ Zzjbxq
bq| wKš‘ gymwjg mgv‡R wKQz weåvš— gvbyl wb‡R‡`i gyL©Zv I AÁZvi Kvi‡Y gnvb Avj­vn‡K gvbevK…wZi e‡j Kíbv K‡i‡Q,
A_ev Avj­vni mKj ev wKQz Kg© ev we‡klY gvby‡li Kg© ev we‡kl‡Yi gZ Zzjbxq e‡j g‡b K‡i‡Q|

†kl K_v
KziAvb I mybœvni Av‡jv‡K AvKx`v welqK Av‡jvPbvi GLv‡bB BwZ UvbwQ| Av‡jvP¨ welq¸wj cvVK‡K KZUzKz eySv‡Z
†c‡iwQ Zv Rvwb bv| wb‡Ri `ye©jZvi Kvi‡YB g‡b nq, g~j K_vwU nqZ eySv‡Z cvijvg bv| GRb¨ cyivZb K_vwU †klev‡ii gZ
cvVK‡K ej‡Z PvB| gywgb Rxe‡bi mKj wel‡qi b¨vq wek¦vm ev AvKx`vi wel‡qI mybœv‡Zi ûeû AbymiYB bvRv‡Zi GKgvÎ c_|
gywgb wb‡Ri Cgvb‡K KziAvb I mybœv‡Zi Av‡jv‡K weï×Zg ivL‡Z m`v m‡Pó _vK‡eb, KviY Zuvi mdjZv I bvRv‡Zi GwUB
GKgvÎ wfwË| wki&K, Kzd&i, wbdvK, we`&ÔAvZ I wefw³i cÖwZ ü`‡qi g‡a¨ cÖMvp N„Yv I AvcwË we`¨gvb _vKv AZ¨vek¨K, Z‡e
G¸wj‡Z wjß Cgv‡bi `vwe`vi‡`i Kzdix wbwðZ bv nIqv ch©š— gywgb e‡j MÖnY Ki“b| ivm~jyj­vn �-Gi D¤§v‡Zi ga¨Kvi weåvš—
‡`i Rb¨ Avgv‡`i `vwqZ¡ `ÔAv I bmxnZ; wnsmv I Mvwj bq| wnsmvi IRynvZ bv Luy‡R fvjevmvi IRynvZ LuyRyb, hvi g‡a¨ hZUzKz
Cgvb, Bmjvg I mybœvZ Av‡Q ZZUzKz‡KB fvjevmvi IRynvZ evwb‡q Zuv‡K fvjevmyb Ges Zvi †n`vqv‡Zi Rb¨ `yÔAv Ki“b| gnvb
Avj­vn Avgv‡`i‡K AvKx`v I Avg‡j cwic~Y©fv‡e mybœv‡Zi g‡a¨ mxgve× _vKvi Ges RvgvÔAvZ ev H‡K¨i c‡_ Pjvi ZvIdxK `vb
Ki“b| Avgxb!
Avgvi gZ GKRb bMY¨ gvbyl‡K gnvb Avj­vn AvKx`vi wel‡q wKQz †jLvi ZvIdxK w`‡q‡Qb e‡j Zuvi gnvb `iev‡i
K…ZÁZv cÖKvk KiwQ| Gi g‡a¨ hv wKQz fvj I Kj¨vYKi welq i‡q‡Q Zv meB GKgvÎ Avj­vni ingZ I ZvIdx‡Ki Kvi‡Y|
Avi hv wKQz fyjåvwš— i‡q‡Q meB Avgvi A‡hvM¨Zv I kqZv‡bi Kvi‡Y| Avwg Avj­vni `iev‡i mKj fyj I Ab¨vq †_‡K gv
cÖv_©bv KiwQ| Zuvi gnvb `iev‡i `yÔAv Kwi, wZwb `qv K‡i G z`ª cÖ‡Póv Keyj K‡i G‡K Avgvi, Avgvi wcZvgvZv, ¯¿x-mš—vb,
AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb, wcÖqRb Ges cvVK-cvwVKv‡`i bvRv‡Zi Imxjv evwb‡q w`b| Avwgb! Avj­vni gnvb ivm~‡ji Rb¨ Ges Zuvi mvnvex
I cwiRb‡`i Rb¨ mvjvZ I mvjvg| cÖ_‡g I †k‡l me©`v I me©Î mKj cÖksmv RMrmg~‡ni cÖwZcvjK Avj­vni wbwgË|
MÖš’cwÄ
G MÖš’ iPbvq †h mKj MÖ‡š’i DׄwZ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q †m mKj MÖ‡š’i GKwU †gvUvgywU ZvwjKv wb‡æ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡jv| cvVK I M‡elK‡`i
myweav‡_© MÖš’vKviM‡Yi g„Zz¨Zvwi‡Li wfwˇZ HwZnvwmK µg Abymv‡i mvRv‡bv n‡jv| gnvb Avj­vn gymwjg D¤§vni Bgvg, Avwjg I MÖš’vKviMY‡K Adziš—
ingZ, gvMwdivZ I gh©v`v cÖ`vb Ki“b, huv‡`i †i‡L hvIqv Ávb-mg~`ª †_‡K mvgvb¨ wKQy bywo Kzwo‡q G MÖ‡š’ mvwR‡qwQ|
1. Avj-KziAvbyj Kvixg|
2. Avey nvbxdv, Bgvg, bygvb Beby mvweZ (150 wn), Avj-wdKûj AvKevi, gynv¤§` LygvBwq‡mi-Gi kvin-mn, (wiqv`, `vi“j gymwjg, 1g
cÖKvk, 1994)
3. Ave~ nvbxdv, Bgvg, byÕgvb Beby mvweZ, Avj-wdKûj AvKevi, †gvj­v Avjx Kvixi kvi&n-mn, (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk
1984)
4. gvÕgvi Beby ivwk` (151 wn ), Avj-Rvwgq (ˆei“Z, Avj-gvKZveyj Bmjvgx, 2q cÖKvk, 1403 wn)
5. Lvjxj Beby Avngv` dvivnx`x (170 wn), wKZveyj AvBb (Avj-gvKZvev Avk-kvwgjvn, 2q cÖKvk, http://www.alwarraq.com)
6. gvwjK Beby Avbvm (179 wn), Avj-gyAvËv (wgki, `vi“ GnBqvwqZ Zzivm Avj-Avivex)
7. Bebyj gyevivK, Avãyj­vn (181 wn), Avh-hyn` (ˆei“Z, †jevbb, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn)
8. Avey `vD` Zvqvwjmx, myjvBgvb Beby `vE` (204 wn), Avj-gymbv` (ˆei“Z, `vi“j gvÕwidvn)
9. Avãyi ivhhvK mvbÔAvbx (211 wn), Avj-gymvbœvd (ˆei“Z, Avj-gvKZveyj Bmjvgx, 2q cÖKvk, 1403 wn)
10. Be‡b wnkvg (213wn.), Avm-mxivZzb bvevexq¨vn (wgki, Kvq‡iv, `vi“i ivBqvb, 1g cÖ. 1978)
11. Beby mvÕ`, gynv¤§v` (230 wn) AvZ-ZvevKvZzj Kzeiv (ˆei“Z, `vi“ mvw`i)
12. Beby mvÕ`, AvZ-ZvevKvZzj Kzeiv, Avj-wKmgyj gyZvw¤§g (g`xbv gybvIqviv, gvKZvevZzj Dj~g Iqvj wnKvg, 2q cÖKvk, 1408)
13. Beby Avex kvBev, Avey evKi Avãyj­vn Beby gynv¤§v` (235 wn), Avj-gymvbœvd (wiqv`, †mŠw` Avie, gvKZvevZzi i“k`, 1g cÖKvk, 1409
wn)
14. Avng` Beby nv¤^vj (241wn), Avj-gymbv` (KvB‡iv, wgki, gyAvmmvmvZz KziZzevn, I `vi“j gvÔAvwid, 1958)
15. Ave` Beby ûgvB` (249 wn), Avj-gymbv` (KvB‡iv, gvKZvevZzm mybœvn, 1g cÖKvk, 1988)
16. `vwigx, Avãyj­vn Beby Avãyi ivngvb (255 wn), Avm-mybvb (ˆei“Z, `vi“j wKZve Avj-Avivex, 1g cÖKvk, 1407wn)
17. eyLvix, gynv¤§v` Beby BmgvCj (256 wn), Avm-mnxn (‰ei“Z, `vi“ Kvmxi, Bqvgvn, 2q cÖKvk, 1987)
18. gymwjg Bebyj nv¾vR (261wn), Avm-mnxn (KvB‡iv, wgki, `vi“ GnBqvBj KzZzwej Avivweq¨v)
19. Avey `vD`, myjvBgvb Beby AvkÔAvm (275wn), Avm-mybvb (ˆei“Z, †jevbb, `vi“j wdKi)
20. Beby gvRvn, gynv¤§v` Beby Bqvwh` (275 wn.), Avm-mybvb (ˆei“Z, †jevbb, `vi“j wdKi)
21. wZiwghx, gynv¤§v` Beby Cmv (279 wn), Avm-mybvb (ˆei“Z, †jevbb, `vi“ GnBqvBZ Zzivm Avj-Avivex)
22. wZiwghx, gynv¤§v` Beby Cmv, Avj-kvgvCj Avj-gynv¤§vw`q¨vn (g°v gyKviivgvn, Avj-gvKZvevn Avj-wZRvwiq¨vn, 4_© gy`ªb, 1996)
23. gyevi&wi`, gynv¤§v` Beby Bqvwh` (285wn), Avj-Kvwgj (ˆei“Z, gyAvm&mvmvZzi wimvjvn, 2q cÖKvk, 1993)|
24. Beby Avwe Avwmg, Ave~ evKi Avgi (287 wn), wKZveym mybœvn (ˆei“Z, Avj-gvKZve Avj-Bmjvgx, 3q gy`ªY, 1993)
25. Be‡b IqvÏvn (gynv¤§v` Be‡b IqvÏvn) Avj-KziZzex (286wn.), Avj-we`vÕD Iqvb bvnqy Avbnv (ˆei“Z, `vi“i iv‡q` Avj-Avivex, 2q
cÖKvk, 1982 wLª.)
26. gynv¤§v` Beby bvmi Avj-gviIqvhx (294wn:), ZvÕhxgy Kv`wim mvjvZ (g`xbv gybvIqviv, gvKZvevZz` `vi, 1g cÖKvk, 1406wn:)
27. gynv¤§v` Beby bvmi Avj-gviIqvhx (294 wn), Avm-mybœvn (ˆei“Z, gyAvm&mvmvZzj KzZzwem mvKvwdq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1408 wn)
287

28. bvmvC, Avng` Beby ïÔAvBe (303 wn) Avm-mybvbyj Kzeiv (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk 1991)
29. bvmvC, Avng` Beby ïAvBe, Avm-mybvb (wmwiqv, nvjve, gvKZveyj gvZe~ÔAvZ Avj-Bmjvwgq¨vn, 2q cÖKvk, 1986)
30. Avey Bqvjv Avj-gvDwmjx, Avng` Beby Avjx (307 wn), Avj-gymbv` (`v‡gkK, `vi“j gvg~b, 1g cÖKvk, 1984)
31. Bebyj Rviƒ`, Avãyj­vn Beby Avjx (307 wn.) Avj-gybZvKv, ˆei“Z, mvKvwdq¨vn, 1g, 1988|
32. Zvevix, Avey RvÕdi gynv¤§v` Beby Rvixi (310 wn), Zvdmxi: RvwgDj evqvb (ˆei“Z, `vi“j wdKi, 1405 wn)
33. Zvevix, gynv¤§v` Beby Rvixi (310 wn), ZvixL Zvevix: ZvixLyj Dgvwg Iqvj gyjyK (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1407
wn)
34. Beby LyhvBgv, Avey eKi gynv¤§v` Beby BmnvK (311 wn), Avm-mnxn (ˆei“Z, Avj-gvKZveyj Bmjvgx, 1970)
35. Lvj­vj, Avng` Beby gynv¤§v` (311 wn), Avm-mybœvn (wiqv`, `vi“i ivqvn, 1g cÖKvk, 1410 wn)
36. Zvnvex, Avey Rvdi Avng` Beby gynv¤§v` (321 wn), kviû gvÔAvbxj Avmvi (‰ei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1399 wn)
37. Zvnvex, Bgvg, Ave~ RvÕdi Avng` Beby gynv¤§v` (321wn), Avj-AvKx`v AvZ-Zvnvexq¨vn: gynv¤§v` LygvBwq‡mi kvi&n-mn, (wiqv`, `vi“j
IqvZvb, 1g cÖKvk, 1414 wn)
38. Ave~ Rvdi Zvnvex, gvZbyj AvKx`vn AvZ-Zvnvweq¨vn, KvB‡iv, gvKZvevZz Bewb ZvBwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1988)
39. Be‡b `yivB` (321wn.) RvgnvivZzj jyMvZ (nvq`ªvev`, `vBivwZj gvAvwid Dmgvwbq¨vn, 1345 wn.)
40. Beby wneŸvb, Avey nvwZg gynv¤§v` (354 wn), Avm-mnxn (ˆei“Z, gyAvmmvmvZzi wimvjvn, 2q cÖKvk, 1993)
41. Beby wneŸvb, Avm-mxivZzb bvevweq¨vn (‰ei“Z, gyqvm&mvmvZj KzZzwej mvKvwdq¨vn, 1g ms¯‹iY 1987)
42. Zvevivbx, myjvBgvb Beby Avng` (360wn.) Avj-gyÔRvgyj Kvexi (gvIwmj, BivK, IqvKd gš¿Yvjq, 1985)
43. Zvevivbx, myjvBgvb Beby Avng`, Avj-gyÕRvgym mvMxi (ˆei“Z, Avj-gvKZveyj Bmjvgx, 1g cÖKvk, 1985)
44. Zvevivbx, myjvBgvb Beby Avng`, gymbv`yk kvwgq¨xb (ˆei“Z, gyAvmmvmvZzi wimvjvn, 1g cÖKvk, 1984)
45. AvRyi&ix, gynv¤§v` Bebyj ûmvBb (360wn), Avk-kvixÔAvn (wiqv`, gvKZvevZz `vwim mvjvg, 1g gy`ªY 1992)
46. Beby evËvn, DevB`yj­vn Beby gynv¤§v` (387wn), Avj-Bevbvn (wiqv`, `vi“i ivqvn, 1994-1997)
47. Avj-RvInvix, BmgvCj Be‡b nv¤§v` (393 wn), Avm wmnvn (ˆei“Z, `vi“j Bjg wjj gvjvCb, 2q cÖKvk, 1979)
48. Beby gvb`vn, gynv¤§v` Beby BmnvK (395 wn), AvZ-ZvInx` I BmevZz wmdvwZi iveŸ (Avj-Rvwgqv Avj-Bmjvwgq¨vn, g`xbv gybvIqviv,
1409 wn)
49. Beby dvwim, Avng` (395wn.), gyÕRvg gvKvqxmyj j~Mvn (Bivb, Kzg, gvKZveyj Bjvg Avj-Bmjvgx, 1404 wn.)
50. nvwKg bvBmvc~ix, gynv¤§v` Beby Avãyj­vn (405wn), Avj-gymZv`ivK (ˆei“Z, †jevbb, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1990)
51. evM`v`x, Avãyj Kvwni Beby Zvwni (429 wn), Avj-dviKz evBbvj wdivK (ˆei“Z, `vi“j gvwidvn)
52. Avey byAvBg Bmcvnvbx, Avng` Beby Avãyj­vn (430), wnjBqvZzj AvDwjqv (ˆei“Z, `vi“j wKZve Avj-Avivex, 4_© gy`ªY, 1405 wn)
53. Ave~ byAvBg Bmcvnvbx, Avj-gymbv` Avj-gymZvLivR Avjv mvnxn gymwjg (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1996)
54. evBnvKx, Avng` Bebyj ûmvBb (458 wn), ïÔAveyj Cgvb (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1410 wn)
55. evBnvKx, Avng` Bebyj ûmvBb (458wn.), Avm-mybvbyj Kzeiv (gv°v gyKviivgv, †mŠw` Avie, gvKZvevZz `vwij evh, 1994)
56. evBnvKx, `vjvBjyb byeyIqvn, (KvB‡iv, `vi“i ivBqvb, 1408 wn)
57. evBnvKx, nvqvZzj Avbweqv, (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzi i“k`, 1g cÖKvk)
58. Be‡b Avãyj evi, BDm~d Beby Avãyj­vn (463wn.) Avj-BbwZKvÕ dx dvhvBwjj AvB¤§vwZm mvjvmv (‰ei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn)
59. Beby Avãyj evi&i, RvwgD evqvwbj Bjwg Iqv dvhwjnx (KvB‡iv, gvZevAv dvb&wbq¨vn, 1403 wn)
60. mvivLmx, Avey evKi, gynv¤§v` Beby Avngv` (490 wn.), Avj-gvem~Z (ˆei“Z, `vi“j gvÕwidvn, 1989)
61. Mvhvjx, Avey nvwg`, gynv¤§v` Beby gynv¤§v` (505 wn) GnBqvD Dj~wgÏxb (‰ei“Z, `vi“j wdKi, 1994)
62. ivwMe Bmcvnvbx (507), Avj-gydiv`vZ (‰ei“Z. `vi“j gvwidvn, Zv. we.)
63. `vqjvgx, kxiIqvBwn Beby kvnvi`vi (509wn) Avj-wdi`vDm (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1986)
64. kvniv¯—vbx, gynv¤§v` Beby Avãyj Kvixg (548 wn), Avj-wgjvjy Iqvb wbnvj (ˆei“Z, `vi“j gvwidvn, 1980)
65. Avãyj Kv‡`i Rxjvbx (561wn.), ¸wbqvZzZ Zvwjexb, (Abyev` byi“j Avjg iCmx, PÆMÖvg, Bmjvwgqv jvB‡eªix, 1g ms¯‹iY, 1972)
66. Kvmvbx, AvjvDÏxb(587wn) ev`vBDm mvbvBq (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn)
67. Bebyj RvIhx, Aveyj dvivR Avãyi ivngvb Beby Avjx (597 wn), Avj-gvDh~AvZ (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1995)
68. Bebyj RvIhx, Aveyj dvivR, Zvjexmy Bewjm (ˆei“Z, `vi“j wdK&i, 1994)
69. Ave~ gynv¤§v` Bqvgvbx (Avby 699 wn), AvKvB`ym mvjvwm Iqvm mveCbv wdiKvn (g`xbv gybvIqviv, gvKZvevZzj Dj~g Iqvj wnKvg, 2q
gy`ªY, 2001)
70. Bebyj Avmxi, gyevivK Be‡b gynv¤§v` (606wn.), Rv‡gDj Dm~j (‰ei“Z, `vi“j wdKi, 2q cÖKvk, 1983)
71. Bebyj Avmxi, gyevivK Beby gynv¤§v`, Avb-wbnvBqv dx Mvixwej nv`xm (ˆei“Z, `vi“j wdKi, 2q gy`ªY, 1979)
72. gvKw`mx, gynv¤§v` Beby Avãyj Iqvwn` (643 wn), Avj-Avnv`xmyj gyLZvivn (g°v gyKviivgv, gvKZvevZzb bvn`vn Avj-nv`xmvn, 1g
cÖKvk 1410 wn)
73. gybwhix, Avãyj Avhxg Beby Avey`j Kvex (656 wn), AvZ-ZviMxe IqvZ Zvinxe (‰ei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1417 wn)
74. hvBbyÏxb ivhx, gynv¤§v` Beby Avex evK&i (Avby 666 wn), gyLZvi“m wmnvn (Avj-gvKZvev Avk-kvwgjvn, 2q cÖKvk,
http://www.alwarraq.com)
75. KziZzex, gynv¤§v` Beby Avng` (671 wn) Zvdmxi: Avj-Rvwgq wj AvnKvwgj KziAvb (KvB‡iv, `vi“k ïÔAve, 1372 wn)
76. beex, BqvnBqv Beby kvivd (676 wn.), kviû mnxn gymwjg, (ˆei“Z, `vi“j wdKi, 1981wLª.)
77. beex, AvZ-ZvKixe IqvZ Zvqmxi (Avj-gvKZvevZzk kvwgjv, 2q cÖKvk, http://www.alwarraq.com)
288

78. Beby gvbh~i, gynv¤§v` Be‡b gyKviig Avj-AvdixKx (711wn.) wjmvbyi Avie (ˆei“Z, `vi“j wdKi)
79. Beby ZvBwgqv, Avng` Beby Avãyj nvjxg (728wn), gvRg~Dj dvZvIqv (wiqv`, `vi“ Avjvwgj KzZze, 1991)
80. AvjvDÏxb eyLvix (730wn.) Kvkdzj Avmivi Avb Dm~wjj evh`vex (ˆei“Z, `vi“j wKZvewj Avivex, 2q cÖKvk, 1994 wLª.)
81. hvnvex, gynv¤§v` Beby Avngv`, wmqvi“ AvÔjvwgb byevjv (ˆei“Z, gyAvmmvmvZzi wimvjvn, 9g gy`ªY, 1413 wn)
82. hvBjvqx, Dmgvb Beby Avjx (743 wn) Zveqxbyj nvKvwqK kviû Kvbwh` `vKvBK (Avj-gvKZvevZzk kvwgjv, 2q cÖKvk, http://www.alislam.com)
83. Bebyj KvBwqg, gynv¤§v` Beby Avex evKi (751 wn), Avj gvbvi Avj gybxd (wmwiqv, nje, gvKZve Avj gvZeyqvZ Avj Bmjvwgqv, 1g
ms¯‹iY, 1970),
84. Bebyj KvBwqg, gynv¤§v` Beby Avex evKi, hv`yj gvÔAv` (wmwiqv I ˆei“Z, gyAvmmvZzi wimvjvn, 2q cÖKvk, 1997)
85. Bebyj KvBwqg, BMvmvZzj jvndvb wgb gvmvBw`k kvqZvb (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj gyAvBwq`)
86. dvBEgx, Avng` Beby gynv¤§v` (770 wn), Avj-wgmevûj gybxi (ˆei“Z, `vi“j wdKi, ZvwiL wenxb)
87. Beby Kvmxi, BmgvCj Beby Dgvi (774 wn) Zvdmxiyj KziAvwbj Avhxg (ˆei“Z, `vi“j wdKi, 1401)
88. Beby Kvmxi, Avj-we`vBqv Iqvb wbnvBqv (ˆei“Z, †jevbb, `vi“j wdKi, 1g cÖKvk, 1996)
89. kvwZex, Beivnxg Beby g~mv (790 wn), Avj-BÕwZmvg (ˆei“Z, `vi“j gvÕwidvn, 1985)
90. mvÕ` DÏxb ZvdZvhvbx (791 wn), kviûj AvKvB` Avb bvmvwdq¨vn (XvKv, Bg`vw`qv jvB‡eªwi)
91. Beby Avwej B¾ nvbvdx (792wn), kviûj AvKx`vn AvZ-Zvnvweq¨vn (ˆei“Z, Avj-gvKZve Avj-Bmjvgx, 9g cÖKvk, 1988)
92. Be‡b ivRve, Avãyi ingvb Beby Avngv` (795wn.), jvZv‡qdzj gvAvwid (gv°v gyKviivgv, gvKZvevZz wbhvi gymZvdv evh, 1g cÖKvk,
1997)
93. Be‡b ivRve, Avãyi ivngvb Beby Avngv` (795 wn.), RvwgDj Dj~g Iqvj wnKvg (ˆei“Z, `vi“j gvwidvn, 1g cÖKvk, 1408wn)
94. BivKx, hvBbyÏxb Avãyi ivnxg Bebyj ûmvBb (806wn), AvZ-ZvKqx` Iqvj C`vn (ˆei“Z, †jevbb, gyAvmmvmvZzj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 5g
cÖKvk, 1997)
95. BivKx, hvBbyÏxb Avãyi ivnxg Bebyj ûmvBb (806wn), dvZûj gyMxm (KvB‡iv, wgki, gvKZvevZzm mybœvn, 1990)
96. nvBmvgx, b~i“Ïxb Avjx Beby Avex evKi (807wn.) gvRgvDh hvIqvB` (ˆei“Z, `vi“j wKZvwej Avivex, 3q cÖKvk, 1982)
97. nvBmvgx, b~i“Ïxb Avjx Beby Avex evKi, gvIqvwi`yh hvgAvb (`v‡gkK, `vi“m mvKvdvn Avj-Avivweq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1992)
98. RyiRvbx, Avjx Beby gynv¤§v` (816wn) AvZ-ZvÕixdvZ (ˆei“Z, `vi“j wKZve Avj-Avivex, 1g cÖKvk, 1405 wn)
99. dvB‡ivhAvev`x, gynv¤§v` Be‡b BqvK‚e (817wn.), Avj-Kvg~myj gynxZ (ˆei“Z, gyAvmmvmvZzi wimvjvn, 2q cÖKvk, 1987)
100. mvbAvbx, gynv¤§v` Beby BmgvCj (852 wn), myeyjym mvjvg (ˆei“Z, `vi“ BnBqvwqZ Zzivwmj Avivex, 4_© gy`ªY, 1379 wn)
101. Beby nvRvi AvmKvjvbx, Avngv` Beby Avjx (852 wn), dvZûj evix (ˆei“Z, `vi“j gvÕwidvn, 1379 wn)
102. Beby nvRvi AvmKvjvbx, wjmvbyj wghvb (ˆei“Z, gyAvmmvmvZzj AvÕjvgx, 3q gy`ªY, 1986)
103. 902 mvLvex, gynv¤§v` Beby Avãyi ivngvb (902wn), dvZûj gyMxm (KvB‡iv, gvKZvevZzm mybœvn, 1g cÖKvk 1995)
104. mvLvex, Avj-KvIjyj ev`xÕ (g`xbv gybvIqvi, Avj-gvKZvev Avj-Bjwgq¨vn, 3q cÖKvk, 1977 wLª)
105. myq~Zx, Rvjvj~Ïxb, Avj-jvAvjx Avj-gvmb~Avn (ˆei“Z, `vi“j gvÕwidvn)
106. myq~Zx Avj-Avgi“ wej BwËev (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1988 wLª.)
107. myq~Zx, Rvjvj DÏxb, Avj-nvex wjj-dvZvIqv (ˆei“Z, `vi“j wdKi, 1994)
108. 911 myq~Zx, RvjvjyÏxb Avãyi ivngvb Beby Avex eKi (911wn), Zv`ixeyi ivex (wiqv`, †mŠw` Avie, gvKZvevZzi wiqv` Avj-nv`xmvn)
109. Avj-KvmZvjvbx, Avng` web gynv¤§v` (923wn.), Avj-gvIqvwneyj jv`ywbœq¨v (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZze Avj-Bjwgq¨v, 1g ms¯‹iY 1996)
110. gynv¤§v` Be‡b BDm~d Avk kvgx (942wn.), mxivn kvgxqvn: myeyjyj û`v Iqvi ivkv` (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzeyj Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1993
wLª.)
111. KvmZvjvbx, Avng` web gynv¤§v` (923wn.), Avj-gvIqvwneyj jv`ywbœq¨v (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZze Avj-Bjwgq¨v, 1g ms¯‹iY 1996)
112. Beby BivK, Avjx Beby gynv¤§v` (963 wn), Zvbhxûk kvixqvn Avj-gvid‚ÔAvn (‰ei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 2q gy`ªY, 1981)
113. Beby byRvBg (970wn.), Avj-evni“i iv‡qK kviû Kvbhy` `vKvBK (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk 1997 wLª.)
114. †gvj­v Avjx Kvix (1014 wn), Avj-Avmivi Avj-gvid‚ÔAvn (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1985)
115. †gvj­v Avjx Kvix (1014wn.) kivû kviwn byLevwZj wdKi (ˆei“Z, `vi“j AviKvg)
116. †gvj­v Avjx Kvix (1014 wn), Avj-Avmivi Avj-gvid‚ÔAvn (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1985)
117. †gvj­v Avjx Kvix, kviûj wdKwnj AvKevi, (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk 1984)
118. gybvex, gynv¤§v` Avãyi ivEd (1031 wn), dvBhyj Kv`xi kviû Rvwgwqm mvMxi (wgki, Avj-gvKZvevZzZ wZRvwiqv Avj-Kzeiv, 1g cÖKvk,
1356 wn)
119. hviKvbx, gynv¤§v` Beby Avãyj evKx (1122 wn) kviûj gyAvËv (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1411)
120. Avj-hviKvbx, gynv¤§v` Beby Avãyj evKx, kiûj gvIqvwne Avj-jv`ywbœq¨v (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZze Avj-Bjwgq¨v, 1g ms¯‹iY 1996)
121. gynv¤§v` Beby ûmvBb Z‚ix (1138 wn), ZvKwgjvZzj evnwii ivwqK (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1997)
122. kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn gynvwÏm †`njex, Avng` Beby Avãyi ivnxg (1176 wn), û¾vZzj­vwnj evwjMv (ˆei“Z, `vi“ GnBqvwqj Dj~g, 2q gy`ªY,
1992)
123. kvn IqvwjDj­vn †`njex, Avj-evjv¸j gyexb, e½vbyev` gyn¤§` Avãyj­vn (XvKv, Bmjvwgqv KziAvb gnj, 3q cÖKvk, 1999)
124. kvn Iqvwj Dj­vn, Avj-dvIhyj Kvexi dx Dm~wjZ Zvdmxi (ˆei“Z, `vi“j evkvBi Avj-Bmjvwgq¨vn, 2q cÖKvk, 1987)
125. hvex`x, gynv¤§v` Beby gynv¤§v` gyiZvhv hvwe`x (1205), ZvRyj Aviƒm (Avj-gvKZvev Avk-kvwgjvn, 2q cÖKvk,
(http://www.alwarraq.com, http://www.ahlalhdeeth.com)
289

126. kvIKvbx, gynv¤§v` Beby Avjx (1250 wn), bvBjyj AvDZvi (ˆei“Z, `vi“j Rxj, 1973)
127. kvIKvbx, Avj dvIqv‡q` Avj gvRgyAv (g°v gyKviigv, gvKZvevZz gymZvdv wbhvi Avj-evh)
128. kvIKvbx, ZzndvZzh hvwKixb we DÏvwZ wnmwbj nvmxb, (ˆei“Z, `vi“ mvw`i)
129. Beby Av‡e`xb, gynv¤§v` Avgxb (1256 wn), nvwkqvZz ivwÏj gynZvi (ˆei“Z, `vi“j wdKi, 1979)
130. Avj~mx, wknve DÏxb gvng~` Beby Avãyj­vn (1270 wn), iƒûj gvÔAvbx dx Zvdmxwij KziAvwbj Avhxg Iqvm mvewqj gvmvbx (AvjgvKZvevZzj
kvwgjv, 2q cÖKvk, http://www.altafsir.com)
131. `i‡ek n~Z, gynv¤§v` Bebym mvBwq` (1276 wn), Avmbvj gvZvwje (wmwiqv, nvjve, Avj-gvKZvev Avj-Av`vweq¨vn)
132. Avãyj nvB jvLbex (1304wn.), Avj-Avmvi“j gvid‚qv dxj AvLevwij gvDh~qv (‰ei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk 1984 wLª.)
133. Avãyj nvB jvLbex (1304wn.), Avj-AvRBevZzj dvwhjv wjj AvmBjvn Avj-AvkvivwZj Kvwgjv (wmwiqv, nvjve, gvKZveyj gvZeyAvZ
Avj-Bmjvwgq¨vn, 2q cÖKvk, 9984 wLª.)
134. wmÏxK nvmvb Kvbœ~Rx (1307 wn), Avj-wnËvn dx whKwim wmnvwnm wmËvn (ˆei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 1g cÖKvk, 1985)
135. ivngvZzj­vn wKivbex (1308 wn), Bhnvi“j n° (wiqv`, Avi-wiqvmvZzj Av¤§vn: `vi“j BdZv, 1989)
136. gyeviKcyix, gynv¤§v` Avãyi ivngvb (1353wn), ZzndvZzj AvnIqvhx (‰ei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn)
137. AvhxgAvev`x, kvgmyj nK, AvDbyj gvÕey` (‰ei“Z, `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, 2q cÖKvk, 1415wn)
138. gywneŸyÏxb Avj-LvZxe, Avj-LyZzZzj Avixhvn wjj Dmywmj jvwZ Kvgv AvjvBnv `xbyk kxÔAvwZj Bgvwgq¨vn (10 gy`ªY, 1410 wn, cÖKvk‡Ki Z_¨
wenxb)
139. Avng` kvwKi, gymbv` Avng` (wgki, `vi“j gvÔAvwid, 1975)
140. Avjevbx, gynv¤§v` bvwmi“Ïxb, hvqxdj Rvwgwqm mvMxi (‰ei“Z, Avj-gvKZveyj Bmjvgx, 3q cÖKvk, 1990)
141. Avjevbx, gyLZvmvi“k kvgvCj Avj-gynv¤§vw`q¨vn (RW©vb, Av¤§vb, Avj-gvKZvevZzj Bmjvwgq¨vn, 2q gy`ªb, 1406)
142. Avjevbx, gynv¤§v` bvwmi“Ïxb, mnxûj Rvwgwqm mvMxi (ˆei“Z, Avj-gvKZveyj Bmjvgx, 3q ms¯‹iY, 1988)
143. Avjevbx, gynv¤§v` bvwmi“Ïxb, mnxûZ ZviMxe (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj gvÔAvwid, 3h gy`ªY, 1988)
144. Avjevbx, hqxdz mybvwb Bewb gvRvn (†mŠw` Avie, wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj gvAvwid, 1g cÖKvk, 1997)
145. Avjevbx, mnxû mybvwb Bewb gvRvn (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj gvÔAvwid, 1g cÖKvk, 1997) 3/198|
146. Avjevbx, wmjwmjvZzj Avnv`xwmh hvqxdvn (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj gvÔAvwid, 1g cÖKvk, 1992)
147. Avjevbx, wmjwmjvZzj Avnv`xwmm mvnxnvn (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj gvÔAvwid, 1g cÖKvk, 1992)
148. DmvBgxb, gynv¤§v` Beby mvwjn, Avj-KvIjyj gydx` Avjv wKZvweZ ZvInx` (`v¤§vg, †mŠw` Avie, `vi“ Bewbj RvIhx, 1g gy`ªY, 1997)
149. W. Beivnxg Avbxm I m½xMY, Avj-gyRvg Avj IqvmxZ (ˆei“Z, `vi“j wdKi)
150. W. Avng` gynv¤§v` Rwj, w`ivmvZzb Avwbj wdivK (wiqv`, gviKvhyj gvwjK dvqmvj, 2q gy`ªY, 1988)
151. W. gvng~` Zvnnvb, ZvBmxi“ gymZvjvwnj nv`xm (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj gvÕAvwid, 8g cÖKvk, 1987)
152. W. bvwmi Avj-AvKj, Avj-LvIqvwiR (wiqv`, `vi“j IqvZvb, 2q gy`ªY, 1417 wn)
153. W. AvKivg whqv Avi-Dgvix, Avm-mxivZzb bvevexq¨vn Avm-mnxnv (g`xbv gybvIqviv, gvKZvevZzj Djyg Iqvj wnKvg, 4_© ms¯‹iY 1993)
154. W. gvn`x wihKzj­vn Avng`, mxivZzb bvevexqvn dx `vIBj gvmvw`wij Avmwjq¨vn (†mŠw` Avie, wiqv`, ev`kvn dqmj †K›`ª, 1g cÖ.
1992)
155. gvng~` kvwKi, AvZ-ZvwiLyj Bmjvgx (evBiƒZ, Avj-gvKZve Avj-Bmjvgx, 1g ms¯‹iY 1985)
156. W. gynv¤§v` whqvDi ivngvb AvÕhvgx, gyÕRvgy gymZvjvnvwZj nv`xm, (wiqv`, gvKZvevZz Av`Iqvwqm mvjvd, 1g cÖKvk 1999)
157. Avng` Avj-dIhvb, Av`Iqv Avjvj AvKx`vwZ` `yiwhq¨vn (cÖKvk‡Ki Z_¨ wenxb 2q gy`ªY, 1983)
158. Avb-bv`IqvZzj Avjvwgq¨vn wjk kveve Avj-Bmjvgx, Avj-gvDm~ÔAvZzj gyq¨vm&mvivn, (wiqv`, 2q cÖKvk, 1989)
159. W. bvwmi Beby Avãyj Kvixg Avj-AvKj, gyKvwÏgvZ wdj AvnIqv Iqvj wdivK Iqvj we`v (wiqv`, `vi“j IqvZvb, 2q cÖKvk, 1417)
160. W. bvwmi Beby Avãyj Kvixg Avj-AvKj, Avj-AvnIqv Iqvj wdivKz Iqvj we`v AveivZ ZvixwLj Bmjvg (wiqv`, `vi“j IqvZvb, 2q
cÖKvk, 1417)
161. W. bvwmi Beby Avãyj Kvixg Avj-AvKj, gvbvwnRy Avnwjj AvnIqv Iqvj BdwZivK Iqvj we`v (wiqv`, `vi“j IqvZvb, 2q cÖKvk,
1417)
162. W. bvwmi Beby Avãyj Kvixg Avj-AvKj, Avj-LvIqvwiR: AvIAvjyj wdivwK dx ZvixwLj Bmjvg (wiqv`, `vi“j IqvZvb, 2q cÖKvk,
1417)
163. W. g~mv Avj-gymvex, Avk-kxqvZz IqvZ Zvmnxn, (jm G‡Äjm, 1987)
164. W. gynv¤§v` Avj-LygvBm, Dm~jyÏxb Bb`vj Bgvg Avex nvbxdvn (wiqv`, `vi“m mygvBqx, 1g cÖKvk, 1996)
165. W. hvKvwiqv, Avey evKi gynv¤§v`, Avk-wkiK wdj Kv`xg Iqvj nv`xm (wiqv`, gvKZvevZzj i“k`, 1g cÖKvk, 2001)
166. gynv¤§v` Avj-eyb`vix, AvZ-ZvkvBEÕ evBbv gvdn~wgj Avwq¤§vn Iqvj gvdn~wgj dvwimx, (RW©vb, Av¤§vb, `vi“ Av¤§vi, 1g gy`ªY, 1988)
167. gynv¤§v` Avãym mvËvi AvZ-‡Zvbmvex, eyZjvby AvKvwqw`k kxqvn (gv°v gyKvi&ivgv, Avj-gvKZvevZzj Bg`vw`q¨vn, 1408)
168. gwZIi ingvb, HwZnvwmK Awfavb (XvKv, evsjv GKv‡Wgx, 1967)
169. gyZwqe Beby gyKwej Avk-kvm&mvb, LvZgyb byeyIqvZ Iqvi ivwÏ Avjvj evnvwqq¨wZ Iqvj Kvw`qvwbq¨vn (wiqv`, `vi“ AvZjvm Avj-Lv`iv,
1g cÖKvk, 2006)
170. gynv¤§v` myiƒi web bvBd, Avj-ûKgy weMvBwi gv Avbhvjvj­vû, (hy³ivR¨, evwgsnvg, `vi“j AviKvg, 2q cÖKvk, 1988)
171. gynv¤§v` Beby Beivnxg Avj-nvg`, AvKx`vZz Avnwjm mybœvn (wiqv`, `vi“j IqvZvb, 1g cÖKvk, 1416)
172. †Lv›`Kvi Avãyj­vn Rvnv½xi, GnBqvDm mybvb: mybœv‡Zi cybi“¾xeb I we`ÔAv‡Zi wemR©b (XvKv, BkvÔAv‡Z Bmjvg KzZzeLvbv, 2 ms¯‹iY,
2003)
290

173. W. †Lv›`Kvi Avãyj­vn Rvnv½xi, GnBqvDm mybvb: mybœv‡Zi cybi“¾xeb I we`ÔAv‡Zi wemR©b (wSbvB`n, Avm-mybœvn cvewj‡KkÝ, 4_©
ms¯‹iY, 2006)
174. W. †Lv›`Kvi Avãyj­vn Rvnv½xi, nv`x‡mi bv‡g RvwjqvwZ: cÖPwjZ Rvj nv`xm I wfwËnxb K_v (wSbvB`n, Avm-mybœvn cvewj‡KkÝ, 2q
cÖKvk, 2006)
175. W. †Lv›`Kvi Avãyj­vn Rvnv½xi, iv‡n †ejvqvZ; ivm~jyj­vni (�) whK&i-Ihxdv (wSbvB`n, Avm-mybœvn cvewj‡KkÝ, 4_© ms¯‹iY 2006)
176. The Holy Bible, authorized Version/King James Version, (reprinted and published by Bible Society of
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177. Hans Wehr, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic (Beirut, Librairie Du Liban, 1980)
178. Ahmed Deedat, The Choice, Volume 2 (Jeddah, Abul Qasim Publications, 1 st print, 1994)
179. C. Jouco Bleeker And Geo Widengren, Historia Religionum: Handbook For The History Of Religions,
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180. Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, Edition by James Hestings, New York.
181. Geoffrey Parrinder, Jesus in the Quran, (London, Sheldon Press, 1965)
182. The New Encyclopedia Britannica (knowledge in depth) 15th edition
291