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ñòàíäàðòíîå ëîãî
âèäîèçìåíåííîå ëîãî
Àëãîðèòì ðàáîòû ïîíÿòü íåòðóäíî. Êàê ìû âèäèì, â ïðîöåññå èçìåíåíèÿ
ëîãî ìîäèôèöèðóþòñÿ ôàéëû logo_2_4.ppm, logo_bw_2_4.pbm
è logo16_2_4.ppm, êîòîðûå ìû è äîëæíû ñîõðàíèòü íà «ñïàñàòåëüíóþ»
äèñêåòó ïåðåä çàïóñêîì óòèëèòû. Ïîäðîáíåå îá ýòîì õàêå ìîæíî
ïî÷èòàòü â ñòàòüå HOWTO Linux Logo Hack (gentoo-wiki.com/
HOWTO_Linux_Logo_Hack).
À âîò äðóãîé ñïîñîá èçìåíåíèÿ ëîãî, ïîäõîäÿùèé äëÿ ñòàðûõ ÿäåð 2.2.x,
êîòîðûå âñå åùå âñòðå÷àþòñÿ â ïðèðîäå. Ñíà÷àëà çàáýêàïèì îðèãèíàëüíûé
ôàéë /usr/include/linux/linux_logo.h (âïðî÷åì, åñëè áýêàïà íå áóäåò,
åãî âñåãäà ìîæíî ñêà÷àòü èç Ñåòè), çàòåì ïîäãîòàâëèâàåì ñâîå
ñîáñòâåííîå ëîãî â ôîðìàòå xpm ñ ðàçðåøåíèåì 80õ80 ïèêñåëåé è ïàëèòðîé
*ðîâíî* èç 214 öâåòîâ (â ýòîì íàì îïÿòü-òàêè ïîìîæåò Gimp),
íàòðàâëèâàåì íà íåå óòèëèòó boot_logo-1.01 (lug.umbc.edu/~mabzug1/
boot_logo-1.01), ïðåäñòàâëÿþùóþ ñîáîé îáûêíîâåííûé ïåðëîâûé
ñêðèïò, çàïóùåííûé ñëåäóþùèì îáðàçîì:
# boot_logo-1.01 your_image.xpm > linux_logo.h
íåñòàíäàðòíîå ASCII-ëîãî
÷àñòåé: êîíâåðòîðà âõîäíîãî èçîáðàæåíèÿ, êîòîðûé íàõîäèòñÿ â
ôàéëå pnmtologo.c, è íåïîñðåäñòâåííî ñàìîãî ïàò÷åðà ÿäðà, ñîñðåäîòî÷åííîãî
â ôàéëàõ logo_2_2.c è logo_2_4.c (êàæäûé äëÿ ñâîåé
âåðñèè ÿäðà). Ñòðîãî ãîâîðÿ, logo_2_4.c âêëþ÷àåò â ñåáÿ ýêñòðàêòîð
òåêóùåãî ëîãî è ïàò÷åð, à logo_2_2.c òîëüêî ýêñòðàêòîð ëîãî ñòàðîãî
ôîðìàòà, íî ýòî óæå äåòàëè. Ñàìî æå logo â îáîèõ ñëó÷àÿõ ïðåäñòàâëÿåò
ñîáîé îáûêíîâåííûé pcx-ôàéë ñ ãëóáèíîé öâåòíîñòè íå áîëåå
256 öâåòîâ è îáùåé ïëîùàäüþ íå áîëåå ÷åì 786432 ïèêñåëåé (÷òî
ñîîòâåòñòâóåò ðàçðåøåíèþ 1024x768).
Êîíâåðòîð íàì ñîâåðøåííî íåèíòåðåñåí (êñòàòè ãîâîðÿ, âìåñòî íåãî
ìîæíî âîñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ ïëàãèíîì äëÿ ðåäàêòîðà Gimp: registry.gimp.org/
detailview.phtmlplugin=Linux+Logo), à âîò ê ýêñòðàêòîðó/ïàò÷åðó ìû
ïðèñìîòðèìñÿ ïîâíèìàòåëüíåå.
[îäèí èç êëþ÷åâûõ ôðàãìåíòîâ ôàéëà logo_2_4.c, èçìåíÿþùåãî ëîãî]
static struct entry{unsigned char red; unsigned char green; unsigned char
blue;} palette16[16] = {
{ 0, 0, 0, }, { 0, 0, 170, }, { 0, 170, 0, }, { 0, 170, 170, },
{ 170, 0, 0, }, { 170, 0, 170, }, { 170, 85, 0, }, { 170, 170, 170,},
{ 85, 85, 85, }, { 85, 85, 255, }, { 85, 255, 85, }, { 85, 255, 255, },
{ 255, 85, 85, }, { 255, 85, 255, }, { 255, 255, 85, }, { 255, 255, 255 },
};
static void write_logo16(const char *filename, const unsigned char
*data)
{
FILE *stream; int i, j, d;
stream = fopen(filename, "w");
if (!stream) { perror("file open error: "); exit(1); }
fputs("P3\n80 80\n255\n", stream);
for (i = 0; i < 80*80/2; i += 2)
{
for (j = 0; j < 2; j++)
{
d = data[i+j] >> 4;
fprintf(stream, " %3d %3d %3d", palette16[d].red,
palette16[d].green, palette16[d].blue);
d = data[i+j] & 15;
fprintf(stream, " %3d %3d %3d", palette16[d].red,
palette16[d].green, palette16[d].blue);
} fputc('\n', stream);
} fclose(stream);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
write_logo("logo_2_4.ppm",linux_logo,linux_logo_red,linux_logo_green,l
inux_logo_blue);
write_logo_bw("logo_bw_2_4.pbm", linux_logo_bw);
write_logo16("logo16_2_4.ppm", linux_logo16);
return 0;
}
È, åñëè âñå ïðîéäåò áåç îøèáîê, â òåêóùåé äèðåêòîðèè îáðàçóåòñÿ
ôàéë linux_logo.h, êîòîðûé íàì ïðåäñòîèò ñêîïèðîâàòü â êàòàëîã:
/usr/include/linux. Òåïåðü íåîáõîäèìî ïåðåêîìïèëèðîâàòü ÿäðî è ïåðåçàãðóçèòüñÿ.
Åñëè ìû íå ïîâèñíåì, íà ýêðàíå âûñâåòèòñÿ íîâîå ëîãî, êîòîðîå
ìîæåò âûãëÿäåòü, íàïðèìåð, òàê, êàê ïîêàçàíî íà ðèñóíêå «âèäîèçìåíåííîå
ëîãî». Åñëè âîçíèêíóò òðóäíîñòè, ìîæíî îáðàòèòüñÿ çà ïîìîùüþ
ê lug.umbc.edu/~mabzug1/boot_logo.html.
[ïðåïàðèðóåì 2.6] Ñ ÿäðîì 2.6 âñå íàìíîãî ïðîùå. Ñîçäàåì èçîáðàæåíèå
â ôîðìàòå png ëþáîãî ðàçóìíîãî ðàçìåðà è ïðîïóñêàåì åãî ÷åðåç
øòàòíóþ óòèëèòó pngtopnm, çàïóùåííóþ ñî ñëåäóþùèìè êëþ÷àìè
êîìàíäíîé ñòðîêè:
# pngtopnm logo.png | pnmtoplainpnm > logo_linux_clut224.ppm
À çàòåì ïîëó÷åííûé ôàéë ïåðåáðàñûâàåì íà ìåñòî ïîñòîÿííîé äèñëîêàöèè:
# cp logo_linux_clut224.ppm /usr/src/linux/drivers/video/logo/
Îñòàåòñÿ íàñòðîèòü ÿäðî, äëÿ ÷åãî ìîæíî âîñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ èíòåðàêòèâíûì
êîíôèãóðàòîðîì. Ñðåäè ïðî÷èõ ïîëåçíûõ (è íå î÷åíü) ïóíêòîâ â
íåì áóäåò Bootup logo è Standard 224-color Linux logo. Âîò èõ-òî è íåîáõîäèìî
«âçâåñòè».
[èíòåðàêòèâíîå êîíôèãóðèðîâàíèå ëîãî â kernel 2.6]
Device Drivers ->
Graphics Support ->
[*] Support for frame buffer devices
[*] VESA VGA graphics support
Console display driver support ->
[*] Video mode selection support
Framebuffer Console support
[*]Select compiled-in fonts
[*]VGA 8x16 font
Logo configuration ->
[*] Bootup logo
[*] Standard 224-color Linux logo
Ïåðåêîìïèëèðóåì ÿäðî, çàïóñòèâ make, è íàñòîèì êîíôèãóðàöèîííûé
ôàéë /boot/grub/menu.lst, äîáàâèâ êëþ÷ vga=0x318. Â èòîãå ïîëó-
÷èòñÿ òàêàÿ çàïèñü: kernel (hd0,0)/vmlinuz root=/dev/sda3 vga=0x318.
Ïåðåçàãðóçèìñÿ. Íîâîå ëîãî òîðæåñòâåííî ïîÿâèòñÿ íà ýêðàíå, ñèÿÿ
âñåìè ñâîèìè 224-öâåòàìè. Êðàñèâî Îäíàêî íàñòîÿùèå õàêåðû
ïðèçíàþò òîëüêî òåêñòîâîé òåðìèíàë è êîíñîëüíûé ðåæèì ñ ANSIïñåâäîãðàôèêîé,
à GUI ïðîãîíÿþò ïðî÷ü. Áîëüøîé ïîïóëÿðíîñòüþ
ïîëüçóþòñÿ ASCII-ëîãî, êîòîðûå ìîæíî óñòàíîâèòü ñ ïîìîùüþ ïðîãðàììû
Linux_logo (www.deater.net/weave/vmwprod/linux_logo/). Òàì
æå íà ñåðâåðå íàõîäèòñÿ êîëëåêöèÿ ãîòîâûõ îáðàçöîâ, äâà èç êîòîðûõ
ïðèâåäåíû íèæå.
[çàêëþ÷åíèå] Âîò ìû è õàêíóëè ïèíãâèíà, ïðè÷åì, íå îäíèì, à ñðàçó
íåñêîëüêèìè ñïîñîáàìè. Ïðîñòîð äëÿ òâîð÷åñòâà çäåñü ïîèñòèíå
áåçãðàíè÷åí, è ïîèñê ïî êëþ÷åâûì ñëîâàì linux logo â Èíòåðíåòå âûäàåò
îãðîìíîå êîëè÷åñòâî ðåñóðñîâ, îäèí èíòåðåñíåå äðóãîãî. Òàê
÷òî íàëåòàéòå
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