Kv‡ji cwi gvq evsjv‡`kÑevOvwj I evsjv fvlv - Sydneybashi-Bangla.Com

Kv‡ji cwiµgvq
evsjv‡`kÑevOvwj I evsjv fvlv
( 1g: ce© )
(mykxj Rb †Mv‡gR)
cÖv°_b
wng ev Zzwnb hy‡Mi mgvwßi ci ciB ïi“ nq cÖvPxb cÖ¯—i hyM Ges GB hy‡MI e½jvi ey‡K e½vwj RvwZi
emevm wQ‡jv| wKš‘ †m mf¨Zvi †jvc †c‡q‡Q wLª÷ c~e© eû mZvãx Av‡M| †Kbbv cÖZœZvwË¡K‡`i g‡Z Bnv
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weaŸ¯— nÕ‡q wM‡q‡Q| Z‡e cÖZœZvwË¡Kiv Zuv‡`i Lbb Kvh© Ges b„-ZvwË¡K M‡elbv Øviv e½jvi cÖvPxb‡Z¡i wKQy
ZË¡ AbymÜvb Ki‡Z mg n‡q‡Qb Ges Rxev®§ cwiv KÕ‡i G-wm×v‡š— DcwbZ nÕ†Z †c‡i‡Qb †h, GLvbKvi
gvbe emwZ Dc‡iv³ `yÕmf¨Zvi mgmvgwqK| Z‡e cÖkœ †_‡K hvq, G-me cÖvPxb gvbe-gvbexB wK Avgv‡`i
Avw` wcZv-gvZv G-cÖ‡kœi Reve †bB Ges G-mskq wPiw`bB †_‡K hv‡e| †Kbbv Gi †Kv‡bv wjwLZ `wj‡ji
mÜvb AvRZK& D˜NvwUZ nqwb|
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G‡`‡k †h gvby‡li emevm wQ‡jv Zvi †Zv A‡Xj cv_y‡i cÖgvY †Xi Av‡MB Avgv‡`i nv‡Z G‡m‡Q&| GK_v †Rvi
K‡iB ejv hvq, wnghy‡Mi ci †_‡K G‡`k KLbB Rb k~b¨ _v‡Kwb|Ó
HZ‡iq AviY¨K I cvwYwb cÖf„wZ cÖvPxb MÖ‡š’ †h, ¯^vaxb e½‡`‡ki D‡j−L †`Lv hvq †mB †`kB µgweeZ©‡b
B½, e½, Kwj½, e½jv, nwi‡Kj Ges wesk kZvãx‡Z G‡m cÖ_‡g c~e© e½, c~e© cvwK¯—vb I c‡i evsjv‡`k bvg
AR©b K‡i we‡k¦i ey‡K wb‡Ri wPi¯^vaxb Aw¯—Z¡ †NvlYv Ki‡Q| hyMhyMvš—i a‡i fvi‡Zi ey‡Ki Dci K‡Zv So
e‡q wM‡q‡Q, K‡Zv mf¨Zvi D`q Ges wejq N‡U wM‡q‡Q wKš‘ GB e½vj‡`k ev evsjv‡`‡ki Dci ¯’vqxfv‡e
†Kv‡bvI RvwZiB mve©‡fŠg AwaKvi cÖwZwôZ n‡Z cv‡i wb| ev½vwj RvwZ mw¤§wjZfv‡e Zv‡`i †`k, RvwZ I
fvlvi Aw¯—Z¡ iv Ki‡Z mg_© n‡q‡Q| hvi mvx Avgv‡`i mve©‡fŠg ¯^vaxY evsjv‡`k| †fŠMwjK weeZ©‡bi ga¨
w`‡q evsjv‡`k Zvi c~‡e©i KvVv‡gv e`‡j AvR‡Ki iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i wb‡q‡Q| Avw` evsjv‡`‡ki MVb I AvK…wZ
eZ©gv‡bi evsjv‡`‡ki g‡Zv wQ‡jv bv| wbævÂj DwÌZ nIqvi ciB evsjv‡`k wµ‡mÈ ev Kv‡¯— AvK…wZ †_‡K
†Wëv ev eØx‡ci AvKvi aviY K‡i‡Q|
Lªxó c~e© Qq-mnmªv‡ã eZ©gvb evsjv‡`‡ki wbævÂj †hgb L~jbv, h‡kvi, ewikvj, †bvqvLvjx, dwi` cyi, Kzwgj−v
I XvKvi wbævÂj mgỳ ª M‡f© wbgw¾Z wQ‡jv| ivRgnj ch©š— wQ‡jv mgy‡`ªi we¯Z…wZ| mg‡qi †mªvZ-avivq M½v
I eªþcyÎ Ges G-`yÕb`xi ARmª kvLvb`x evwnZ cwj Øviv G-me AÂj fivU nq Ges mvMi øvZ evsjv gv ax‡i
ax‡i Z…Y-jZv-¸‡j¥ wb‡R‡K Av”Qvw`Z KÕ‡i eZ©gvb iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i| Lªxó R‡b¥i mgmvgwqK Kv‡jI
evsjv‡`‡ki G-AÂj gbyl¨ ev‡mi A‡hvM¨ wQ‡jv| Gi AwaKvskB wQ‡jv Rjvf~wg Ges Nb eb-R½j, jZv-¸j¥
I e„ivwR‡Z cwic~Y©| M½v I eªþcyÎ Ges G‡`i kvLv b`x mgynI eZ©gvb Ae¯’v‡b w¯’Z wQ‡jv bv| ch©vqµ‡g
Bnviv DËi-cwðg w`K nÕ‡Z `wY-c~e© w`‡K m‡i wM‡q‡Q Ges ‡i‡L †M‡Q eo eo LvZ| G-LvZ ¸wjB nÕ‡jv
eZ©gvb wej-evIi I wSj|
ev½jv ‡`‡ki cwimxgv
GB †Zv †mw`‡bi K_v, 1905 wLªóv‡ãI Awef³ e½‡`‡ki cwimxgv wQ‡jv A‡bK we¯Z…Z| cwð‡g c~wY©qv I
†QvU bvMcyi, c~‡e© kªxnÆ (wm‡jU), Dˇi wngvj‡qi cv`‡`k I `vwR©wjs Ges `w‡Y †UKbvd I e½‡cvmvMi|

Ges eZ©gv‡b Avgv‡`i evsjv‡`‡ki cwiwa nÕ‡jv cwð‡g cÙvb`x I cwðg-e½, c~‡e© wm‡jU, Dˇi wngvjq I
Avmvg Ges `w‡Y †UKbvd I e½‡cvmvMi|
AvqZb I cwimsL¨vb
evsjv‡`‡ki AvqZb cÖvq 56 nvRvi eM© gvBj| Gi †jvK msL¨v cÖvq 15 †KvwUi g‡Zv| ‡Kbbv 2001 mv‡ji
Av`gïgvwi‡Z †`Lv hvq evsjv‡`‡ki †jvK msL¨v wQ‡jv 12 †KvwU 43 jvL| Ges 2011 mv‡ji cÖv_wgK
Av`gïgvwi‡Z cÖvß Rb msL¨v `uvwo‡q‡Q 14 †KvwUiI Dci| hvi †iwkI n‡jv 1.34 fvM| Gi g‡a¨ cyi“‡li
msL¨v n‡jv 7 †KvwU 12 jvL 55 nvRvi Ges bvixi msL¨v n‡jv 7 †KvwU 10 jvL 64 nvRvi| Z‡e
MbcÖRvZvš¿xK evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii cwiKíbvgš¿x G †K L›`Kvi mv‡ne e‡jb, Dc‡iv³ MYbvi djvd‡ji Ici
evsjv‡`k Dbœqb M‡elYv cÖwZôvb MYbv-cieZ©x Rwic Pvjv‡eb| G `yÕwU djvd‡ji mgš^‡q cÖK…Z RbmsL¨v
‡ewo‡q Avm‡e e‡j wZwb gZ cÖKvk K‡ib| B‡Zvc~‡e© evsjv‡`‡k AviI cuvP evi Av`gïgvwi A_©vr †jvKMYbv
n‡q †M‡Q, †hgb: 1974, 1981, 1991 I 2001 mv‡j| wkv‡‡ÎI ¯^viZvi Ici Rwic KvR Pvjv‡bv
n‡hwQ‡jv hv RbM‡Yi myweav‡_© Zz‡j †`qv n‡jv| †hgb: 1951 mv‡j †`‡k ¯^viZvi nvi wQ‡jv 18.9 kZvsk,
1961 mv‡j Zv `uvovq 20.8 kZvs‡k, 1974 mv‡j Dnv AviI †e‡o 24.27 kZvs‡k DcwbZ nq| wKš‘ `yt†Li
welq GB †h, 1981 mv‡j Dnv n«vm †c‡q 23.8 kZvs‡k †b‡g Av‡m| 1987 mvj cq©š— GB nviwU
AcwiewZ©ZB †_‡K hvq| A_©vr 1951 Ñ 1987 mvj ch©š— ¯^viZvi nvi 5 kZvs‡ki D‡a© †Zvjv hvqwb| Z‡e
wek¦¯’ m~‡Î Rvbv wM‡q‡Q †h, eZ©gv‡b ¯^viZvi nvi 40 kZvsk AwZµg K‡i Pj‡Q|
AmsL¨ b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej I cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`‡h© fiv Avgv‡`i †`k| GB †`k ïay cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`‡h©B ficyi
wQ‡jv bv, K…wl, wkí, †jvK-ms¯‹…wZ, †jvK-mvwnZ¨ Ges †jvK-MxwZ‡Z fiv wQ‡jv evsjv I evsjvi †jvKmvwn‡Z¨i
fvÊvi| G †`‡ki big gvwUi g‡Zv big wQ‡jv G †`‡ki gvby‡li gb| G‡`‡ki m¤^„w× I †mŠ›`‡h© AvK…ó n‡qB
G‡Zv ewnivMZ‡`i Avbv¸bv N‡U‡Q Avgv‡`i †`‡k| G‡Zv jyÉb-al©Y-‡kvlY-ÎvlY P‡j‡Q Avgv‡`i GB
evOjvi ey‡K| A‡bK cvqZviv P‡j‡Q G †`k‡K kvmb Ki‡Z wKš‘ evOvwji mw¤§wjZ kw³i Kv‡Q Zviv civRq
eiY Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡q‡Q evievi| wKš‘ 15Õk wLª: ïay evsjv bq mviv fviZel© ivûMÖv‡m cwZZ n‡q †gvNj‡`i
KzwMZ n‡q c‡i| 15Õk †_‡K 1757 wLª: ch©š— †gvNjiv ivRZ¡ K‡i, 1757 †_‡K 1947 wLª: ch©š— kvmb
K‡i Bs‡iRiv Ges 1947 †_‡K 1971 wLª: ch©š— kvmb I ÎvlY Pvjvq cvwK¯—bxiv GB evsjvgv‡qi ey‡K| 190
eQi Bs‡i‡Ri kvmbvax‡b Ges 23 eQi cvwK¯—vbx‡`i c`vbZ wQ‡jv Avgv‡`i evsjv‡`k| Bs‡iRiv mvaviYZt
evOvwj‡`i Dci wQ‡jv bvÕ‡Lvk| ZvB Zuviv evsjv Ges evOvwji Dbœqb K‡í †Zgb wKQyB K‡ibwb| eis
evOvwj‡`i Dci Pvwj‡q‡Q †kvlY-ÎvlY, †Rvi-Ryjyg, Ab¨vq-AZ¨vPvi, jÉY-al©Y I nZ¨v| Ges Zuv‡`i †cvlv
c`‡jnbKvix †RvZ`vi-Rwg`viiv bxwin evOvwj K…lK‡`i K‡i‡Q wf‡U-gvwU n‡Z DrLvZ| GgbI †kvbv wM‡q‡Q
†h, LRbv cwi‡kva bv Kivi wg‡_¨ Awf‡hvM G‡b Zv‡`i Dci Pvwj‡q‡Q b„ksl AZ¨vPvi| hvi mvx enb K‡i
Pj‡Q Òbxj `c©YÓ MÖš’Lvwb| Avi cwðg cvwK¯—vbxiv mycwiKwíZfv‡e evOvwj RvwZ‡K aŸsk Kivi mih‡š¿ wjß
†_‡K‡Q me©Y| hvi`i“b Avgv‡`i gy‡Li fvlv, gv‡qi fvlv‡K Mjv wU‡c nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨ Zviv
mycwiKwíZfv‡e wkï mvwn‡Z¨ I cvV¨ eBc‡Î E`©~, Aviex I dvwm© kã¸wji ¯’vb K‡i wbw”Q‡jv| †Kbbv Zviv
Rvb‡Zv GKUv RvwZ‡K c„w_exi eyK †_‡K gy‡Q †dj‡Z n‡j cÖ_gB AvNvZ nvb‡Z n‡e Zvi fvlv Ges ms¯‹…wZi
Dci| Zv‡`i GB ˆegvÎxqmyjf g‡bvfve cÖ_g †_‡KB evOvwjiv j¨ K‡iwQ‡jv, ü`q w`‡q Abyfe K‡iwQ‡jv
†h, cwðgv †Mvôx †Kv‡bvfv‡eB Avgv‡`i Avcb K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡e bv| evOvwjivI ZvB Zv‡`i Ici †_‡K
wek¦vm, cÖZxwZ, åvZ…Z¡‡eva I Av¯’v nvwo‡q †dj‡jv, m„wó n‡jv ce©ZcÖgvY ˆel‡g¨i| GB ˆel‡g¨i †cÖw‡ZB G
†`‡k M‡o D‡VwQ‡jv Bs‡iR‡`i wei“‡× ¯^‡`kx Av‡›`vjb Ges †k−vMvb wQ‡jv ÒAvj−vû AvKeiÓ I Òe‡›`
gvZigtÓ Ges ÒBs‡iR nVvIÓ bxwZ MÖnY K‡i wb‡qwQ‡jv ZrKvjxb evOvwj eyw×RxexMY I evOvwj wkwZ
mgvR| 1946 Gi †k−vMvb wQ‡jv ÒnvZ †g wewo gy †g cvb, jo‡K wjD½v cvwK¯—vb|Ó Gici cwðg cvwK¯—
vbx‡`i wei“‡× M‡o D‡VwQ‡jv fvlv Av‡›`vjb Ges †k−vMvb wQ‡jv Òivóª fvlv evsjv PvB, byi“j Avwg‡bi duvwm
PvB|Ó AZGe, mgMÖ e½jvi BwZnvm ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j †`Lv hv‡e †q, GB myRjv mydjv km¨-k¨vgjv e½jv ev
evsjv‡`‡ki †Pnviv K‡Zv Ki“Y, K‡Zv NvZ-cÖwZNvZ, †kvlb-ÎvlY -Gi ga¨ w`‡q eZ©gvb ch©v‡q G‡m DcwbZ
n‡q‡Q| ZviB wKQy LÊwPÎ ‡`kevmx I AÂjevmxi ÁvZv‡_© Zz‡j aivi cÖqvm ivwL|
evsjvi cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ek

mgMÖ evsjv †`kB nÕ‡jv bvwZkx‡Zvò AÂj| lo-FZzi Avbv¸bv GL‡bv evsjv †`‡k cwi`…ó nq| †gŠmygx evq~
cÖev‡ni Rb¨ evsjv †`‡k cÖPzi cwigv‡Y e„wó nq| hvi`i“b Avgv‡`i evsjv †`k ¯^Y© cÖmwebx| e½ Rbbx n‡jb
cÖK…wZi µxov½b| mviv el©e¨vcx Pj‡Q evsjv gv‡qi ey‡Ki Dco cÖK…wZi †Ljv| KL‡bv gv Avgv‡`i Li‡iŠ‡`ª
`» †nv‡”Qb, KL‡bv †nv‡”Qb m~wPwm³, KL‡bv nvwm‡Z fwi‡q Zzj‡Qb Avgv‡`i ü`q, KL‡bv ¯^Y©vjx iO aviY
K‡i bev‡bœi evZ©v †cuŠ‡Q w`‡”Qb N‡i N‡i, KL‡bv †nv‡”Qb mykxZj Ges KL‡bv wZwb Aciƒc mv‡R mw¾Z n‡q
Zuvi cÖwZ A‡½ RvwM‡q Zzj‡Qb Avb‡›`i myi I eb¨v| ZvB †Zv Avgiv gv‡qi iƒ‡c Mwe©Z, gv‡qi ˆa‡h© wew®§Z,
gv‡qi Av`‡i jvwjZ, gv‡qi †ø‡n cvwjZ| ZvB Avgiv M‡e©i mv‡_ ej‡Z cvwi,
Ggb gv nh bv f‡e,
cÖbwZ ZvB Ze c‡`|
evsjvi wbævÂj¸wj‡Z Rb emwZ ¯’vcb
Lªxwóq Øv`k kZvãx‡Z ZzK©x†`i AZwK©Z Avµg‡b evsjvi wbwin gvbyl w`‡knviv nÕ‡q w`K&wew`K& QyU‡Z _v‡K
Ges wb‡R‡`i Rvb-gvj I B¾Z iv‡_© evsjvi wbæv‡j †h‡q eb-R½j †K‡U, euvk, KvV, †eZ, †nvM−v,bj-
LvMov Øviv M„n wbg©vb KÕ‡i emevm ïi“ K‡i| ZLb G-eb wQ‡jv wnsmª kv`©yj, mwiwmªc BZ¨vw`‡Z ficyi| ZvB
Zviv G-me cÖvYx‡`i nvZ nÕ‡Z iv cvIqvi Rb¨ iv‡Z Av¸Y R¡vwj‡q ivL‡Zv Ges Zvi a~qv w`‡q gkv I
Ab¨vb¨ KxU-cZ‡½i Dc`ªe nÕ‡Z wb‡R‡`i iv Ki‡Zv| ÒR‡j Kzgxi Wv½vq evN|Ó cÖev`Uv GLvb †_‡KB
nq‡Zv m„ó| Ggwb K‡iB Av‡¯— Av‡¯— G-A‡j RbemwZ ¯’vwcZ nq| M„n cvwjZ Rxe Rš‘i g‡a¨ nuvm, gyiMx,
Mi“, gwnl, QvMj, k~uKi I KzKzi| KzKzi‡K Giv wkKv‡ii Kv‡R e¨envi Ki‡Zv| cyi“liv mviv w`b wkKvi
Ki‡Zv Ges bvixiv †‡Z-Lvgv‡i K…wl KvR Ki‡Zv I Ni-‡Mn©¯’vwj Ki‡Zv| cwiev‡ii KZ©v wQ‡jv bvix Ges
mš—vbiv gv‡qi bv‡g cwiwPZ nÕ‡Zv| G-AÂj †h Nb eb-R½‡j cwic~Y© wQ‡jv Zv dwi`cyi¯’ LvbLvbvcyi- Gi
weivU ebf~wg Ges Avgv‡`i weL¨vZ my›`i ebB Zvi mv¨|
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†`‡ki RbM‡bi Ici †hgb cÖfve †d‡j, †Zgwb †`‡ki wkv, ms¯‹…wZ, mvwnZ¨, ¯’vcZ¨, wkí-Kjvi DbœwZ
mva‡bI weNœ NUvq fxlYfv‡e| Avgv‡`i evsjv‡`k cvPxbKvj †_‡K ïi“ K‡i 1971 mvj ch©š— Dc‡iv³ NvZcÖwZNv‡Zi
ga¨ w`‡q wb‡R‡`i Aw¯—Z¡ iv KÕ‡i Avm‡Q| AvR evsjv fvlv c„w_exi ey‡K PZz_© e„nËg fvlviƒ‡c
cÖwZwôZ| Ges mviv wek¦ AvR GKz‡ki An¼v‡i Mwe©Z| GK mvMi i‡³i wewbg‡q Avgiv eZ©gvb ch©v‡q G‡m
DcwbZ nÕ‡Z †c‡iwQ| ZvB evsjv fvlvi †MŠo-Acåsk hyM †_‡K be¨-hyM Aeax GKUv avivevwnK eY©bv
‡`Iqvi cÖqvm ivwL|
esjv fvlv
Avgiv evsjvq K_v ewj, evsjv Avgv‡`i eywj| evsjv Avgv‡`i fvlv, evsjv Avgv‡`i ü`‡qi Avkv| ZvB Avgiv
evsjvq Mvb MvB, evsjvq ¯^cœ †`wL| evsjv gv‡qi AvuPjZ‡j e‡m KweZvi Rvj eywb| KLb †Kvb& mg‡q evsjv
fvlv I evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i PP©v ïi“ nq Zv wbðq KÕ‡i ejv bv †M‡jI AvbygvwbK 650 L„: nÕ‡ZB evOvwj Zuvi
cÖv‡bi fvlv-gv‡qi fvlvi PP©v ïi“ KÕ‡i, -wb‡R‡`i Aš—‡i jy°vwqZ myL-`ytL, Avb›`-‡e`bv, Av‡eM-Av‡e`b‡K
evsjv fvlvi gva¨‡g cÖKvk Ki‡Z| Avgv‡`i cÖL¨vZ fvlvZË¡we` I we`» cwÊZMb evsjv fvlvi ¯—i ¸‡jv‡K
mvaviYZt Pvi fv‡M fvM K‡i‡Qb| †hgb:-
GK : cÖvPxb hyM : 650 wLª: :1200 wLª: ch©š—
`yB : mwÜ ev AÜKvi hyM : 1200 wLª:
:1350 wLª: ch©š—
wZb : ga¨ hyM : 1350 wLª: :1800 wLª: ch©š—
Pvi : be¨ hyM : 1800 wLª: :eZ©gvbKvj ch©š—

wLª÷ R‡b¥i wZb nvRvi eQi c~‡e© BD‡iv‡ci ga¨fvM †_‡K `wY-c~e©vsk Aeax †h fvlvi cÖPjb wQ‡jv Zv-B
nÕ‡jv Òwn›`ÑBD‡ivcvqb g~j fvlvÓ| GB g~j fvlvi `yÕwU fvM, (K) Ô†Kš—gÕ Ges (L) ÔkZgÕ| ÔkZgÕ fv‡Mi
PviUv kvLvi GKUv kvLv nÕ‡jv Ô Avh©,Õ GB Ô Avh© Õ kvLvi Avevi wZbUv DckvLv i‡q‡Q| Zvi g‡a¨ GKUv
nÕ‡jv ÔfviwZKÕ, ÔfviwZKÕ kvLvi `Õy‡Uv cÖkvLvi g‡a¨ GKwU nÕ‡jv ÔcÖvPxb fviZxq Avh©Õ, ÔcÖvPxb fviZxq Avh©Õ
†_‡K GÕ‡jv ÔAvw`g cÖvK…ZÕ, ÔAvw`g cÖvK…‡ZiÕ cuvPUv Dc-kvLvi g‡a¨ GKwU nÕ‡jv ÔcÖvPxb cÖvP¨Õ, ÔcÖvPxb cÖvP¨Õi
cuvPUv DckvLvi g‡a¨ GKUv nÕ‡jv Ô‡MŠo cÖvK…ZÕ, Ô‡MŠo cÖvK…ZÕ †_‡K GÕ‡jv Ô‡MŠo AcåskÕ, Ô‡MŠo-
Acås‡kiÕ wZbUv DckvLvi GKUv nÕ‡jv Ôe½ KvgiƒcxÕ, Ôe½ KvgiƒcxÕ †_‡K ÔevsjvÕ Ges ÔAvmvgxÕ|
A‡b‡KiB aviYv evsjv fvlvi DrcwË nÕ‡jv ms¯‹…Z †_‡K| Bnv †Kv‡bvfv‡eB MªnY †hvM¨ bq| †Kbbv ÔAcåskÕ
†_‡K nÕ‡jv evsjv fvlvi DrcwË| ms¯‹…Z nÕ‡jv Avw`g cÖvK…‡Zi mgmvgwqK fvlv| ˆew`K fvlv †_‡K DrcwË
nÕ‡jv ms¯‹…Z| ms¯‹…Z nÕ‡Z †Kv‡bv fvlvi m„wó nqwb| ms¯‹…Z nÕ‡jv mvwnwZ¨K fvlv| ZvB ms¯‹…Z‡K mvaviYZt
ejv n‡Zv mvܨfvlv ev g„Zfvlv| cZÄwj-ewY©Z wkó mgv‡R Gi cÖPjb wQ‡jv, wKš‘ mvavi‡Y¨i g‡a¨ Zv cÖPwjZ
wQ‡jv bv| weeZ©b aviv Abyhvqx ejv hvq cÖvK…Z hy‡Mi Av‡M cÖvPxb cÖvK…Z-hyM Ges Zrc~‡e© cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh©
fvlvi hyM| GB hy‡M Rbmvavi‡Yi g‡a¨ cÖPwjZ K_¨fvlvi bvg Avw`g-cÖvK…Z| GB mg¯— w`K wePvi-we‡ePbv
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‡MviƒA>Mi“,
gÌA>gv_v,
nÌA>nvZ,
cvA>cv,
M”Q>MvQ,
w`L&LB>†`‡L,
mybB> ï‡b, BZ¨vw`|
Ggwbfv‡e µgweeZ©‡bi gva¨‡g evsjvi iƒc Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB| wKš‘ ms¯‹…‡Z G‡`i iƒc h_vµ‡g wcZv, gvZv,
fwMbx, †Mv, g¯—K n¯— cv`, e„, ck¨vwZ, k„‡Yvw` BZ¨vw`| GLv‡b RbM‡bi ÁvZv‡_© be¨ evsjvi GKUv ev‡K¨i
D`vniY ‡`qv n‡jv| †hgb:Ñ
ÒevsjvqÑ
: Zzwg AvQ,
evK¨wU ms¯‹…‡Z
: qyqs¯’Õ,
cÖvPxb cÖvK…Z ev cvwj‡Z : Zzg&‡n A”Q_Õ,
Acås‡k
: Zz&g&‡n A”QnÕ,
cÖvPxb evsjvq
: Zz&g&‡n AvQnÕ Ges
ga¨ evsjvq
: ‡Zv‡þ ev Zzwþ AvQnÕ|
cÖvPxb fviZxq Avh© ev Avw`g
cÖvK…‡Z Gi K_¨iƒc
: ÔZz‡®§ Av”Q_Õ|Ó
(evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i BwZnvm cÖm½ :Ñ MÖš’Kvi AvRnvi Bmjvg-Gi †jLvi m~Î a‡i|)
GB Kvi‡Y W±i gyn¤§` knx`yj−vn& g‡b K‡ibÑ Ôevsjv ms¯‹…‡Zi `ywnZv bq,
Z‡e `yi m¤ú‡K©i AvZ¥xqvÕ|
GB evsjv fvlvi DrcwË wb‡q we`» cwÛZ‡`i g‡a¨ †ek gZv‰bK¨ i‡q‡Q| gnvgnxg RR© Mªxqvimb Ges W±i
mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq evsjv fvlv gvMax cÖvK…Z nÕ‡Z Drcbœ nÕ‡q‡Q eÕ‡j gZ †cvlY K‡ib| wKš‘ W±i
gyn¤§` knx`yj−vn&i g‡Z †MŠo Acåsk nÕ‡Z evsjv fvlvi DrcwË| Zuvi g‡Z Acås‡ki Avi¤¢Kvj nÕ‡jv cuvPÕk
wLªóv‡ãiI c~‡e©|

Acåsk
cÖ_‡gB ejv nÕ‡q‡Q Acåsk †_‡KB evsjvi DrcwË| Z‡e W±i gyn¤§` knx`yj−vn&i g‡Z ÒAcåsk nÕ‡Z cÖ_‡g
Drcbœ nq wenvix| wKš‘ G fvlv c„_K nÕ‡q hvq| c‡i Dwoqv I e½-Kvgiƒcx fvlv Drcbœ nq| e½-Kvgiƒcx
fvlvi wew”Qbœ iƒcB nÕ‡jv evsjv I AvmvgxÓ| evOvwj Kwe‡`i g‡a¨ `yÕRb mnR-cš’x wm×vPvh© Kwe nÕ‡jb Kvý
cv` Ges kin| Guiv †MŠo-Acås‡ki wKQy †`vnv‡Kvl iPbv K‡ib| GB Acåsk iPbvq evsjvi ZrKvjxb
ag©mvab ZË¡ I `vk©wbK gZev†`i cwiPq cvIqv hvq| D`vnib:-
GK : ÒNiwn g _°z g Rvwn e‡Y Rwn Zwn gY cwiAvY|
mAjy wbiš—i †evwn-wVA Kwnu fe wbeŸvY||Ó (kin)
Abyev`:- N‡i †_‡Kv bv, e‡bI †hI bv| †hLv‡bB _v‡Kv, gb‡K fv‡jv KÕ‡i †R‡bv| mKj (gb) wbiš—i Áv‡b
_vK‡j †Kv_vq msmvi, wKsev †Kv_vq Zv †_‡K gyw³i fvebv
`yB : ÒmnR G°z ci Aw_ Zwn KvY&n dzW cwiRvYB|
m_vMg eû cXB myYB eX wKw¤úY RvYB||Ó (Kvý cv`)
Abyev`:- mnR Av‡Q G‡Ki Dc‡i; Z_vq Kvý ¯úó AeMZ Av‡Qb| gyL© eû kv¯¿ cvV K‡i I kªeY K‡i, A_P
wKQyB Rv‡b bv|
Dc‡iv³ `yÕ‡Uv D`vniY †_‡K ¯úó AeMZ nIqv hvq †h, Acåsk I cÖvPxb evsjvi g‡a¨ h‡_ó wgj i‡q‡Q|
evsjv KweZvi †k‡l wgj ev Aš—vbycÖvm m„wó G‡m‡Q Acåsk †_‡K|
†MŠo Acåsk
evsjv
: ey× †NvoA †`KLB : ey× †Nvov †`‡L
: ivg‡Kix evoxI eûZ M”Qv Av”Qwš— : iv‡gi evwo‡Z eûZ MvQ Av‡Q
: ewnbx N‡i MBj−x : †evb N‡i †Mj
: Gû M‡”Q e‡Ç : GB MvQ eo
: gAu †Zwš—jx LvBj−x : Avwg †ZuZzj LvBjvg|
‡MŠo Acås‡ki wb`k©b wg‡j Kvý Ges mi‡ni †`vnv‡Kv‡l| Guiv `yÕRb wQ‡jb mnRcš’x wm×vPvh©| Gu‡`i
Acåsk iPbvq cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q ag©mvabvi RwUj ZË¡| Gme iPbv †_‡K Avgiv evsjvi ZrKvjxb ag©mvab ZË¡
I `vk©wbK gZev‡`i cwiPq cvB| G `yÕRb evOvwj Kwe eû Acås‡ki †`vnv‡Kvl iPbv K‡i‡Qb| †hgb:Ñ
1 : eªþ‡Ywn g Rvbš— wn †fD|
GeB cwX-AD G ”PD‡eD||
gÆx cvYx Kzm jB cXš— u|
Niwnu eBmx Aw¹ ûbš— u||
K‡¾ weiwnA ûAen †nv‡gu|
AK&wL WnvweA KWyGu a~‡gu||
Abyev`: eªvþYMY inm¨ Rv‡bb bv, GBfv‡e PZy‡e©` cov nq| gvwU, Rj Ges Kzk wb‡q
Zuviv c‡ob| N‡i e‡m AwMœ‡Z †nvg †`b| Ab¨ KvR bv _vKvq AwMœ‡Z †nvg K‡i KUz a~‡g
†PvL `» K‡ib|
ÒcÖvK…Z ˆc½jÓ bvgK Q›`-Av‡jvPbvi GKLvwb MÖš’ AvbygvwbK wLªw÷q PZz`©k kZ‡K iwPZ n‡q‡Q|
G MÖ‡š’i wKQy KweZvq evsjv‡`‡ki cÖK…wZ, AvPvi-AvPiY, wbôv, ms¯‹…wZ I K…wó Ggbfv‡e cÖùzwUZ

n‡q‡Q †h, mn‡RB AbywgZ nIqv hvq, KweZv¸wj evOvwj Kwe‡`i iPbv| BnvB Avgv‡`i Me© †h, †MŠo
Acås‡ki hy‡MI Avgv‡`i Gme Kweiv wQ‡jb `vk©wbK ZË¡ I Ava¨vwZ¥K ¸‡Y ¸Yvwš^Z| †hgb:
2: Ye gÄwi mw¾A PzAA Mv‡Q, cwidzwj−A †Kmy YAv e‡Y Av‡Q|
RB GwÌ w`Mš—i RvwnB Kš—v, wKA e¤§n YwÌ wK YwÌ emš—v||
Abyev`: Avgªe„‡ begÄix mw¾Z n‡q‡Q, e‡b bZzb wKsïK cÖùzwUZ Av‡Q| GLvb †_‡K hw` Kvš—
w`M‡š—i (cÖev‡m) hvq, Z‡e wK gb¥_ †bB, emš—I †bB|
Ph©vc`
KLb, wKfv‡e, †Kgb KÕ‡i, mvM‡ii K‡j−vwjZ bxjv¤^y-jnoxi b¨vq GB fvlv, GB Mvb, GB myi, GB Q›` evOvwj
g‡b Avjob m„wó KÕ‡i, Zv cv_‡i, c‡Î I P‡g© wjLv nÕ‡jv, K‡Zv mnmª eQi mgq aÕ‡i Gme wjLv nÕ‡jv, †K-
B ev wjL‡jv, †mme Fwl-mvaK‡`i, Avwe®‹viK‡`i bvg wVKvbv wjwce× †bB G evsjvi ey‡K| ïay iÕ‡q †M‡Q
¯§„wZ-weRyixZ Zuv‡`i †mme m„wó-myav| Avh©, Abvh©, †Kvj,gyÛv, †Pi, Pxbv, wZeŸZx, wKivZ, wblva, †KvP, †gP,
gM, wgk&wgi‡`i mw¤§wjZ Kɯ^i em‡š—i mgxi‡Yi b¨vq evOvwj g‡b †`vjv w`‡q gb‡K KÕ‡i‡Q wn‡j−vwjZ mnmª
eQi aÕ‡i| `vk©wbK Z‡Ë¡ m¤^„×, Ava¨vwZ¥KZvq cwic~Y© Ges fvlvi jvwjZ¨ I †mŠK‡h© iwPZ Ph©vKvi‡`i
Ph©vMxwZ I Ph©vKweZv¸wj †h Avw½‡K MÖwš’Z n‡q gvbe g‡b cÖfve we¯—vi K‡i‡Q Zvi †mŠifB evsjv fvlv‡K
†mŠiwfZ K‡i G‡m‡Q hyMhyM a‡i| hvi e‡`Šj‡Z evsjv fvlv AvR c„w_exi ey‡K kw³kvjx fvlviƒ‡c AvZ¥cÖKvk
Ki‡Z mg_© n‡q‡Q| †hgb:-
ÒDgZ ke‡iv Mi“Av †iv‡l|
wMwiei wkni mwÜ cBm‡š—
ke‡iv †jvwoe KB †m|| (Ph©v 28, kei cv`)
A_©vr ¸i“i †iv‡l kei Db¥Ë nÕ‡jv| wMwiei wkLi mw܇Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡j mei‡K Avi †Kv_v †LuvRv hv‡e|Ó
ivwe›`ªxK †jLbx‡ZI †mB GKB myi Luy‡R cvB| †hgb:- ÒcÖK…ZB †Zv GB msmv‡ii cvlvY cÖvPx‡i gv_v KzwUqv
gwi‡jI GKUzLvwb mi“c_ †Kn †h Avgv‡K †`LvBqv w`‡e bv| †evev c_ K_v Kqbv|Ó Gme evYx wPiš—b, Agi
I Aq|
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i Avw`gZg wb`k©b nÕ‡jv Ph©v| 1907 Lªxóv‡ãi c~‡e© Ph©v c‡`i Aw¯—Z¡ m¤ú‡K© †Kn AewnZ
wQ‡jb bv| G mg‡qB gnvg‡nvcva¨vq nicÖmv` kv¯¿x KZ©„K †bcvj ivR`iev‡ii MÖš’kvjv nÕ‡Z wKQy msL¨K
Acåsk †`vnvi m‡½ Ph©vc‡`i GK cÖvPxb cuyw_ Avwe®K…Z nÕ‡q‡Q| ZuviB m¤úv`bvq e½xq mvwnZ¨-cwil`
KZ©„K Ph©vc`¸‡jv cÖKvwkZ nq| evsjv fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨i Avw`gZg wb`k©Y wn‡m‡e Gme c`¸‡jvi g~j¨
Acwimxg| ZviB `yÕ‡Uv D`vniY wb‡æ cÖ`Ë nÕ‡jv|
: Ph©v : : AvaywbK evsjv c‡`¨-iƒcvš—i :
bMi evwnwi‡i †Wvw¤^ †Zv‡nwi KzwoAv| : †jv †Wvgbx †Zvi bMi-evB‡i Ni,
‡QvB †QvB Rvn †mv evg&nY bvwoAv|| : †bov evgyb Avgvq ¯úk© Ki|
Av‡jv †Wvw¤^ †ZvG mg Kwie †gv mv½| : Av †jv †Wvgbx †Zv‡i Avwg mv½v Ki‡ev wVK,
wbwNY Kvý Kvcvwj †RvB jv½|| : RvZ ev‡Q bv Kvbû †m †h bMœ KvcvwjK|
GK †mv c`gv PDmU&Vx cvLywo| : GKLvwb †m cÙ Av‡Q †PŠlwÆUv cvcwo,
Zwnu Pwo bvPB †Wvw¤^ evcywo|| : Zvi Dc‡i †Wvgbx bv‡P, Kx b„Z¨ Zvi evc †i!
nv‡jv †Wvw¤^ †Zv cyQwg m`fv‡e| : †Wvgbx †Zv‡i cÖkœ Kwi, mwZ¨ K‡i ej,
AvBmwm Rvwm †Wvw¤^ Kv‡nwi bv‡eu|| : Kvi bv‡q ZzB Gcvi-Icvi Kwim PjvPj
Zvwš— weKYn †Wvw¤^ Aei †gv Pvw½ov| : Avgvi Kv‡Q wewµ Kwim PvOvwo Avi ZuvZ,
‡Zv‡nvi Aš—‡i Qvwo bo †cov|| : b‡Ui †cUiv, †Zvi R‡b¨B, w`B bv Zv‡Z nvZ|
Zz‡jv †Wvw¤^ nDu Zvcvjx| : †Zvi R‡b¨B, nü v †jv †Wvgbx, †Zvi R‡b¨B †h

‡Zv‡nvi Aš—i †gv Nvwjwj nv‡owi gvjx|| : GB KvcvwjK nv‡oi gvjv Mjvq c‡i‡Q|
miei fvwÄA †Wvw¤^ Lvn †gvjvY| : cyKzi Luy‡o g„Yvj-myav Kwim †Wvgbx cvbÑ
gviwg †Wvw¤^ †jwg civY||
: †Wvgbx †Zv‡i gvi‡ev Avwg, †b‡ev †i †Zvi cÖvY|
(Ph©v-10, Kvýy)
(Abyev`: myeªZ AMvwó †Mv‡gR)
: Ph©v : : AvaywbK evsjv c‡`¨-iƒcvš—i :
ÒwZwY fyAY gB evwnA †n‡ju|
nuvD my‡Zwj gnvmyL jx‡o||
KBmwY nv‡jv †Wv¤^x †Zv‡nvwi fvfwi Avwj|
A‡š— KzwjYRY gv‡Su Kvevjx||
ZuB‡jv †Wv¤^x mAj weUwjD|
KvRY KviY mmni UvwjD||
‡K‡nv †K‡nv †Zv‡nv‡i wei“Av †evjB|
we`yRY †jvA †Zv‡iu K‡Ú b †gjC||
Kv‡ý MvB Zz KvgPÛvjx|
‡Wvw¤^ Z AvMwj bvwn w”Qbvjx||Ó
(Ph©v 18, Kvý cv`)
Òcvi KÕ‡i †`B wZbwU fyeb Ae‡njvq
myß †_‡K gnvmy‡Li gnvjxjvq|
†Wvgbx †i †Zvi PZzivwji cvBbv †KvbwVK,
wcQ‡b †Zvi Kzjxb Rb g‡a¨ KvcvwjK!
wePwjZ Kiwj †Wvgbx mewKQy‡KB,
Puv`wU‡K †Zvi Uwj‡q †`Iqvi KviY †Zv †bB|
eû †jv‡K bóv hw`I Kq †Zv‡i
ÁvbxR‡b iv‡L Mjvi nvi KÕ‡i|
Kvby e‡j, KvgvZziv †i PÛvjx,
wek¦gv‡S †Zvi evov Avi bvB wQbvwj|Ó
(Abyev` : myeªZ AMvwób †Mv‡gR)
AÜKvi hyM : 1200 wLªt ....... 1350 wLªt
wLª÷xq Øv`k kZvãx‡Z ZzK©x‡`i Avµg‡bi d‡j evOvwji Rxe‡b †b‡g Av‡m GK mxgvnxb
AwbðqZv| evOvwj‡`i Ici Pj‡Z _v‡K AK_¨ Drcxob-wbcxob, al©Y-jyÚb Ges nZ¨v| evOvwjiv
cÖvY euvPv‡bvi Rb¨ w`‡knviv nÕ‡q c‡i| ZzK©x‡`i nv‡Z gMa I b`xqvi cZb NUvi ci †mLvbKvi gV
I gw›`i¸‡jv jywÚZ nÕ‡Z _v‡K| †eŠ×wfz kªgYMY kv¯¿MÖš’ I cuyw_cÎvw`mn wZeŸZ, eªþ‡`k,
†bcvj, Pxb I Kvk¥x‡i cjvqb KÕ‡i AvZ¥iv K‡ib| ivR‰bwZK AivRKZvq †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK I
mvgvwRK †‡Î †h wech©q †b‡g Av‡m Zv‡Z evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i cÖvPxb hy‡Mi GKUv †MvUv Ask
AwbðqZvi AÜKv‡i Av”Qbœ nÕ‡q c‡o| ZzK©x‡`i Avg‡j evsjv †`‡k †Kv‡bv Kwe, mvwnwZ¨K wQ‡jb
bv| huvivI wQ‡jb Zuviv wQ‡jb cjvZK| †mRb¨B ZzK©xhy‡Mi evsjvq †Kv‡bv mvwnZ¨ m„wói mÜvb cvIqv
hvq bv| G mgqUvB wQ‡jv evsjvi Rxeb I ms¯‹…wZi Zgmv”Qbœ Kvj| GB 150 eQi mgqKvjB nÕ‡jv
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i ÒmwÜ hyM ev AÜKvi hyMÓ| ZzK©x Avg‡ji aŸsm-wPÎ wn‡m‡e hv cvIqv hvq Zv nÕ‡jv
ZzK©x kvm‡bi cieZ©xKv‡j iwPZ bq‡Zv ¯§„wZ †_‡K DrmvwiZ| GB mg‡q evOvwj †eŠ×‡`i Ici
Kzjxb eªvþYiv †h, AZ¨vPvi K‡i‡Qb Zvi wKQyUv Òwbićbi i“®§vÓ bvgK KweZvs‡k g~Z© nÕ‡q
D‡V‡Q| †hgb :-
eªvþ‡Yi RvwZ aŸsm †nZz wbiÄb|
mv¤^vBj RvRcy‡i nBqv heb||
GB KweZvi Øviv ¯úóB cÖgvwbZ nq †h, ZzK©x Avg‡ji cÖv°v‡j wn›`y Kzjxb eªvþYMYI evOvwj †eŠ×‡`i Ici
h‡_”Q AZ¨vPvi KÕ‡i‡Q| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i wech©q GLv‡bB †kl bq| 1757 Lªóv‡ã cjvkxi cÖvš—‡i evsjv‡`k
hLb ¯^vaxbZv nvivq, ZLb †`‡k fxlY AivRKZv †`Lv †`q| hvi`i“Y Ck¦i P›`ª we`¨vmvM‡ii Avwef©ve-Kvj
Aewa mg‡q †Zgb †Kv‡bv mvwn‡Z¨i D¢e N‡Uwb| Gi KviYI H ivwóªq wek„sLjv| G cÖm‡½ we`» mvwnwZ¨K
Rbve Ave`yj Kwig mvwnZ¨wekvi` ÒZuvi Ôe½ mvwnZ¨ cwiµgvÕ bvgK GKwU cÖe‡Ü wj‡L‡Qb,Ñ Ôcjvkxi cÖvš—‡i
Avgv‡`i Kcvj †cvov hvIqvi ci Avgv‡`i mvwnZ¨-m„wói c_ cÖvq kZvãxKvj awiqv i“× wQ‡jv| mvgvwRK
AatcZb I ivóªxq wech©qB Bnvi g~j KviY| mvgvwRK, ivóªxq I ˆbwZK Av`k©vbymv‡iB mvwnZ¨ m„wó nq| G
m‡ei cvwicvwk©¦KZv GovBqv gvbyl wPš—v Kwi‡Z cv‡i bv| ev¯—e-wbi‡c Kí‡jv‡K gvby‡li wenvi GKiƒc
Am¤¢e| GB Kvi‡Y (GB) kZ el©Kvj evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i BwZnv‡m k~b¨-hyMÕ|Ó

KzjxY eªvþYMY Ges D”Pe‡Y©i †Mvov wn›`y‡`i Øviv evsjv fvlv D‡cwZ nÕ‡q AvmwQ‡jv
KíbvZxZfv‡e| Zuviv ms¯‹…Z mvwnZ¨ Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv mvwnZ¨‡K cvËv w`‡Zb bv| hvi`i“b evsjv
mvwnZ¨, mvwnZ¨ gh©v`v jvf Ki‡Z mg_© nqwb| ZvB evsjv fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨i D¢e I cÖmv‡ii †‡Î
†eŠ× wm×vPvh©‡`i Ae`vb Acwimxg| evsjv fvlv hLb mvwn‡Z¨i fvlv wn‡m‡e ¯^xK„wZ cvqwb, ZLb
eªvþY¨ev`x ms¯‹…‡Zi wei“‡× we‡`ªvn †NvlYv KÕ‡i wm×vPvh©MYB evsjv‡K mvwn‡Z¨i fvlviƒ‡c cÖwZwôZ
K‡ib| Zuv‡`i GB `ytmvnmxK cÖ‡PóvB bvbv weeZ©‡bi ga¨ w`‡q AMÖmi nÕ‡q AvR‡Ki w`‡b evsjv
fvlv I mvwnZ¨ wek¦ mvwn‡Z¨i gh©v`vq AwawôZ nÕ‡q‡Q|
Rq‡`e I MxZ‡Mvwe›` Kve¨
1026 wLª: cvj ivR‡Z¡i cZb N‡U Ges eªvþY¨ ag©vwkªZ †mb ivRZ¡ cÖwZwôZ nq| cvj ivRZ¡ PjvKvjxb mg‡q
evsjv fvlv mvwnZ¨ fvlvi ¯’vb AwaKvi Ki‡Z mg nqwb bvbv Kvi‡b| †m‡biv wQ‡jb wfbœ fvlvi †jvK myZivs
evsjv fvlvi cÖwZ Gu‡`i †Kv‡bv AvKl©Y wQ‡jv bv| Dciš‘ Z`mg‡q ag©-K‡g©, mvwnZ¨ iPbvq ms¯‹…Z fvlvi
cÖPjb _vKv‡Z RbMY G‡KB †`e-fvlv wn‡m‡e gh©v`v `vb Ki‡Zb| Kwe-mvwnwZ¨K I c`KZ©vMYI ZLb
ms¯‹…Z fvlv‡ZB Zuv‡`i mvwnZ¨ iPbv Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡Zb| Z‡e ivRv j²Y †m‡bi mg‡q ms¯‹…Z mvwn‡Z¨ cªvK…Z
fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨i Q›`-cÖ‡qvM Ges Aj¼vi-cÖKiY‡K ¯’vb ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ GiB g‡a¨ AvbygvwbK 12k wLª:
ZzK©x Avµg‡Y evsjv‡`‡k Pj‡Z _v‡K AivRKZv, gvivgvix, KvUvKvwU, jyÉb, al©l| evsjvi RbRxe‡b †b‡g
Av‡m GK AwbðqZv| Zviv fxZ-mš¿¯— n‡q w`K&wew`K QyU‡Z _v‡K GKUz wbivc` Avkª‡qi mÜv‡b| ZvB 1200
wLª: †_‡K 1350 wLª: ch©š— GB 150 ermi mgqKvj‡K evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i ‡Kv‡bv weKvk N‡U wb| Dciš‘ Avh©
eªvþYMY Ges cÖfvekvjx †Mvov wn›`yMY evsjv fvlv‡K †Kv‡bv g~j¨vqb Ki‡Zv bv| eis Zuviv evsjv fvlv I
evOvwj‡`i wb‡q we`ª“c I å“KzwU Ki‡Zv| evOvwj‡`i Zuviv gvbyl wn‡m‡eB ¯’vb w`‡Zv bv| evOvwj HwZn¨‡K Le©
Kivi Rb¨ Zuviv we`ª“c K‡i ej‡Zv †h, evOvwjiv wP wP kã K‡i K_v e‡j| A_©vr evOvwjiv cï-cw RvZxq
†Kv‡bv wKQy n‡e| ZvB †mb ivR‡Z¡i ci AvjvDwÏb û‡mb kvni mg‡q evsjv fvlv h‡_ó gh©v`v jvf K‡i Ges
†eŠ× wm×vPh©MYB evsjv fvlv‡K mvwnZ¨ fvlv iƒ‡c cÖwZwôZ K‡ib| ( AÜKvi hy‡Mi A‡š— G wel‡q †jLv
n‡q‡Q)|
MxZ‡Mvwe›` Kv‡e¨i cÖwZwU QÎ Ac~e© aŸwbgvay‡h© cwic~Y©| ms¯‹…Z fvlvi jvwjZ¨‡KI Kwe Zuvi Kv‡e¨ mh‡Zœ
cÖù‚wUZ K‡i wkíKjvi my² wkí‡mŠKh©‡K †jvK m¤§~‡L cÖ`k©Y Ki‡Z m²g n‡q‡Qb| MxZ‡Mvwe›` Kv‡e¨i cÖvq
cÖwZUv Aby‡”Q‡` we‡klfv‡e jYxq †h, wZwb AwZ Kzk‡j kã-Q›`- fve I A‡_©i ˆbcyb¨ NwU‡q gvbe ü`‡qi
m~² I †Kvgj Abyf~wZ‡K RvMÖZ K‡i‡Qb| Ges ivav-K…‡òi †`n‡mŠ›`‡h©i eY©bvg~jK I m‡¤¢v‡Mi AvKl©Yg~jK
c`¸‡jv‡K mij I mim Kve¨wPš—vq Ges wkíKjvq bv›`bxK iƒc w`‡q‡Qb| †hgb:Ñ
e½ fvlvš—wiZ iƒc:
AweijwbcwZZg`bkivw`e fe`ebvq wekvj&|
¯^ü`qg¤§©wb e¤§© K‡ivwZ mRjbwjbx`jRvj&g||
Ab¨Î :
ivwaKv wbR e‡ AbeiZ ewl©Z g`b-kivNvZ nB‡Z ü`q-ga¨w¯’Z †Zvgv‡K iv Kwievi Rb¨B
e¤§©¯^iƒc mRj AvqZ bwjbxc‡Î e Av”Qv`b Kwihv‡Qb|
(n‡iK…ò gy‡Lvcva¨vq K…Z, ‰eòe c`vejx)
e½ fvlvš—wiZ iƒc :
¯—bwewbwnZgwc nvig~`vig&|
mv gbi“‡Z K…kZZbywie fvig&||
ivwaKv Ze wei‡n †Kke||

‡Kke, †Zvgvi wei‡n ivav GgbB K…kv½x nBqv cwoqv‡Qb †h, ¯—‡bvcwi web¨¯— g‡bvni nvi‡KI fvi
†eva Kwi‡Z‡Qb|
( H )
ivav-K…‡òi cÖYq-jxjvi cÖKv‡k Kwe Rq‡`‡ei e¨eüZ fvlv AZ¨š— Dc‡hvMx n‡q‡Q| D`vniY ¯^iƒc :Ñ
1 : nwicwii¤¢YewjZweKviv|
KzPKj‡mvcwi ZiwjZnviv||
2 :wePj`jKjwjZvbbP›`ªv|
Z`aicvbifmK…ZZ›`ªv||
3 :PÂjKzÊjjwjZK‡cvjv|
gyLwiZembRNbMwZ‡jvjv||
4 :`wqZwe‡jvwKZjw¾ZnwmZv|
eûweaKzwRZiwZimiwmZv||
5 :wecyjcyjKc„_y‡ec_yf½v|
k¦wmZwbgxwjZweKm`b½v||
6 :kªgRjKYfimyfMkixiv|
cwicwZ‡ZviwmiwZiYaxiv||
e½ iƒcvš—wiZ iƒc :
1 : kªxnwii Avwj½‡b cyjK-Pv‡j¨ Zvnvi KzPKj‡mi Dci nvi jxjvwqZ nB‡Z‡Q||
2 : Zvnvi jwjZgyLP‡›`ª AjK`vg wePwjZ nBqv‡Q Ges kªxnwii Pz¤^b-if‡m Z›`ªvZzi bqb `yBwU
gyw`qv Avwm‡Z‡Q||
3 : Zvnvi jwjZK‡cv‡j KzÊj `ywj‡Z‡Q Ges RNb-Pv‡j¨ †gLjv gyLi nBqv DwVqv‡Q|
4 : wcÖq `wqZ‡K †`wLqv †m KLbI jw¾Zv nB‡Z‡Q, KLbI nvwm‡Z‡Q, KLbI ev iwZi‡m gvwZqv
eûwea AùzU aŸwb Kwi‡Z‡Q||
5 : †m KLbI wecyj cyj‡K Nb Nb K¤úvwš^Zv nB‡Z‡Q Ges Nbk¦v‡m I wbgxwjZ bq‡b Ab½i½
cÖKvk Kwi‡Z‡Q||
6 : fvM¨eZxi †`n kªgR‡j c~Y© nBqv‡Q Ges †mB iwZiYKzkjv kªxK…‡òi e‡ jyUvBqv cwo‡Z‡Q||
Kwe Rq‡`e, ivavK…‡òi cÖYqjxjvi KyÉvnxb eY©bv Ges wbiveiY cÖvK…Z †cÖ‡gi †h wb`k©Y Zuvi MxZ‡Mvwe›`
Kv‡e¨ Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb Zv RbM‡Yi ü`q Qu~‡q †h‡Z m²g n‡q‡Q Ges G QvovI MxZ‡Mvwe‡›`i RbwcÖqZvi Avi
GKwU Drm n‡jv Zuvi Kv‡e¨ AbycÖvm-AjsK…Z I myijq-mg„× myjwjZ fvlvi cÖ‡qvM wewa| †h‡nZz wZwb ms¯‹…Z
fvlvi GKRb cwÊZ wQ‡jb ZvB Zuvi ms¯‹…Z fvlv‡K `wjZ-gw_Z K‡i Zvi ga¨ n‡Z wZwb bbxi gZ K‡i
myKzgvi I bv›`bxK welq¸wj‡K †U‡b G‡b Zuvi evsjv MxZ‡Mvwe›` Kve¨‡K wb‡Ri g‡bi gvayix wgwk‡q Kvwe¨K
iƒc w`‡q‡Qb | hv‡K evsjvi †Kv‡bv c`Kvi, KweMY AwZµg K‡i †h‡Z m²g nb wb| ZvB ejv hvq
MxZ‡Mvwe›` KweZvB n‡jv ivavK…‡òi cÖYq-jxjvi Avw` Drm|

kªxK…òKxZ©b
evsjv fvlvi cÖ_g wb`k©Y nÕ‡jv Ph©v Ges wØZxq wb`k©Y nÕ‡jv kªxK…òKxZ©b| cÖZœZË¡ wekvi`MY Abygvb K‡ib
†h kªxK…òKxZ©b MÖš’Lvwb †lvok kZvãxi cÖ_g w`‡K iwPZ nÕ‡qwQ‡jv| Zv iPbvKvj hvB †nvK bv †Kb Zv wb‡q
Avgvi ZZUv fveevi welq bq| Avgvi D‡Ïk¨ nÕ‡jv evsjv fvlv Acås‡ki ci †_‡K AvaywbKKvj ch©š—
µgvb¨‡q Kxfv‡e av‡c av‡c AMÖmi nÕ‡q eZ©gvY hy‡M G‡m DcwbZ nÕ‡q‡Q| †hgb, ga¨hy‡Mi Avw`c‡e©i evsjv
mvwn‡Z¨i fvlv I fve †Kgb wQ‡jv, Zvi `y‡Uv D`vniY :-
1 : kªxivavi iƒc `k©‡Y kªxK…‡òi weMwjZ ü`q †Kgb DZjv n‡q gš¿gy‡»i g‡Zv ivwaKvi iƒc eY©bvq
Aaxi n‡q D‡V| eo– PÊx`v‡mi bv›`bxK kãms‡hvRbv I Aj¼iY Avgv‡`i g‡b gyZ© n‡q fvev‡e‡M
†gvwnZ K‡i Zz‡j| †hgb-
bxj Rj`mg Kzš—j fviv|
‡eKZ weRywj †kv‡f P¤úK gvjv||
wkkZ †kvfG †Zvi Kvg-wm›`yi||
cÖfvZ mgG †hb Dwq †Mj myi||
jjv‡U wZjK †hý be kwkKjv|
KzÊj-gwÊZ Pvi“ kªeYvhyMjv||
2 : kªxivavi Zby-gb-cÖvY kªxK…ò wei‡n PÂjv nwiYxi b¨vq DZjv| wZwb AvR †e`bv we`yi, Zuvi g‡bi MwZ
†`eZv †bwgwm‡mi f‡q AvKv‡ki ZviKvivwRi g‡Zv w`K&wew`K& †QvUv‡QvwU Ki‡Q| ZvB Zuvi wcÖqZgv mwnjxi
Kv‡Q cvMjcviv g‡bi AvwZ© eqvb K‡i g‡bi cÖkvwš— Luy‡R wdi‡Q| †hgb:Ñ
mB †Kg‡b awie wnqv|
Avgvi euayqv Avb evox hvq
Avgvi Avw½bv w`qv||
†m euay Kvwjqv bv Pvq wdwiqv
GgywZ Kwij †K|
Avgvi Aš—i †hgb Kwi‡Q
†Zgwb †nvK †m||
Kwe PÛx`v‡mi G KweZv †_‡K Avgiv ¯úóB eyS‡Z cvwi †h H hy‡MI wZwb K‡Zv mnR mij fv‡e we‡kl
`i‡`i m‡½ ˆeòe mvabvi wbM~p mZ¨‡K iƒc w`‡q‡Qb| fve‡K K‡Zv mnR I ¯^Ztù~Z©fv‡e cÖKvk KÕ‡i‡Qb|
‰eòe-c`vejx I ˆPZb¨-g½j:
ga¨hy‡Mi Aš—¨-c‡e©i evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i fvlv I fve †Kgb wQ‡jv Zvi `yÕ‡Uv D`vniY mvavi‡Y¨i Rb¨ Zz‡j aiwQ|
Kwe †Mvwe›` `vm 1508 Lªxóv‡ã M„nZ¨vMx nb Ges kªx‰PZb¨‡`‡ei m‡½ wgwjZ nb| ZLb †_‡K wZwb gnvcÖfyi
m½x iƒ‡c Zuvi m‡½ bvbv RvqMvq ågY K‡ib| ˆPZb¨‡`‡ei Rxe‡b †h me NUbv N‡U‡Q Zv wb‡q wZwb A‡bK
KoPv iPbv K‡i‡Qb| †hgb,Ñ
1 : `vwYv‡Z¨ ˆPZb¨‡`e j²x I mZ¨evjv bv‡g `yB MwYKvi Ke‡j co‡j, cÖfyi fvegywZ© wKiƒc
nÕ‡qwQ‡jv Zv Kwei wjwLZ wb‡æv³ PiY¸wj‡Z g~Z© nÕ‡q D‡V‡Q :-
ÒKZ i½ K‡i j²x mZ¨evjv nv‡m|
mZ¨evjv nvwmgy‡L e‡m cÖfy cv‡k||
KuvPwj Lywjqv mZ¨ †`LvBjv ¯—b|
mZ¨‡i Kwijv cÖfy gvZ…-m‡¤^vab||
_i_wi Kuv‡c mZ¨ cÖfyi eP‡b|
Bnv †`wL j²x eo fq cvq g‡b||

wKQyB weKvi bvB cÖfyi g‡b‡Z|
‡a‡q wM‡q mZ¨evjv c‡o Pi‡Y‡Z||
Kwe †Mvwe›` `v‡mi ewjô eqvb, iPYv-‰kjx I Q›`-webœv‡m Avgiv Dcjwä Ki‡Z cvwi †h, H mg‡qI fvlvi
Awgq jvwj‡Z¨ gvbyl gwnZ nÕ‡q †h‡Zv| cÖfyi gwngv I msh‡g MwbKvivI ‡h Zv‡`i Aš—‡ii gbyl¨ ¯^Ë¡v‡K
RvMwiZ KÕ‡i, Aš—‡ii myKygvi e„w˸wj‡K RvMÖZ KÕ‡i cÖfyi Pi‡Y cwZZ nÕ‡q gbyl¨‡Z¡i †h bwRi ‡`wL‡q‡Qb
Zv Kwei wjLwb‡Z ¯úófv‡e dz‡U D‡V‡Q|
2 : Kwe kªx‰PZ‡b¨i mbœ¨vm MÖn‡Yi msev‡` Z`xq cZœx weòzwcÖqvi g‡bi Ae¯’v Ki“Y i‡m Awfwl³
n‡q cÖKvk ‡c‡q‡Q †jvPb`v‡mi ˆPZb¨-g½j Kv‡e¨| †hgb:Ñ
3 : ¯^fveZB RxevZ¥vi cÖZxK kªxivav e‡jb :Ñ
fMev‡bi Kv‡Q Zuvi wb‡e`b :Ñ
ïb ïb cÖvYbv_ †gvi wk‡i †`n nvZ
mbœ¨vm Kwi‡e bvwK Zzwg|
‡jvKgy‡L ïwb Bnv we`vwiqv hvq wnqv
Av¸‡b‡Z cÖ‡ewke Avwg||
‡Zvgvi PiY wewb Avi wKQy bvwn Rvwb
Avgv‡i †djvn Kvi VuvB|
wK KBe gywT Qvi Avwg †Zvgvi msmvi|
mbœ¨vm Kwi‡e †gvi Z‡i|
‡Zvgvi wbQwb jBqv gwi hve wel LvBqv
my‡L Zzwg inZ GB N‡i||
wK †gvwnbx Rvb euay wK †gvwnbx Rvb|
Aejvi cÖvY wb‡Z bvwn †Zvgv †nb||
Ni ˆKby evwni, evwni ˆKby Ni|
ci ˆKby Avcb, Avcb ˆKby ci||
gi‡Y Rxe‡b Rb‡g Rb‡g
cÖvYbv_ ˆnI Zzwg||
‡Zvgvi Pi‡Y Avgvi civ‡Y
euvwaj †cÖ‡gi duvmx|
me mgwc©qv GKgb ˆnqv
wbPq nBjvg `vmx||
4 : ˆeòe Kwe †Mvwe›``vm-Gi KweZvq †h aŸwb-gvayh© I kã-SsKvi SsK…Z n‡q gvbe g‡b †cÖ‡gi
euvwk evwR‡q‡Q Zv b›`b-Kvb‡bi weKwkZ cy®úivwRi b¨vq ‡mŠif we¯—vi K‡i AvengvbKvj a‡i P‡j Avm‡Q
gZ©‡jv‡K| †hgb:Ñ
bxi` bq‡b bxi Nb wm‡b
cyjK-gyKzj-Aej¤^|
‡¯^`-gKi›` we›`y we›`y PzqZ
weKwkZ fve-K`¤^||
Awfmv‡ii GKwU c‡` †`Lyb;Ñ
KÈK Mvwo
Kgj-mg c`Zj

gÄxi Pxiwn Suvwc|
MvMwi-evwi Zvwi Kwi cxQj
PjZwn A½yjx Pvwc||
5 : ‰eòe Kwe Ávb`vmI kªxivavi giwgqv cÖv‡Yi AvKzj AvK‚wZ, wein e¨_vi ¯^Ki“Y AvwZ©, bxo
fv½vi AvZ¼, Zuvi KweZvi Q‡›` Ggbfv‡e we”Q~iY NwU‡q‡Qb hv cÖwZUv gvbe-gvbexi wein †e`bviB
g~Z©cÖKvk:Ñ
wb‡e`‡bi c‡` †`Lyb:Ñ
my‡Li jvwMqv G Ni euvwaby
Ab‡j cywoqv †Mj|
Awgqv-mvM‡i wmbvb Kwi‡Z
mKwj Mij †fj||
euay †Zvgvi Mi‡e Miwebx Avwg
iƒcmx †Zvgvi iƒ‡c|
‡nb g‡b Kwi I `ywU Pi‡Y
m`v jBqv ivwL ey‡K||
gvbe Rxe‡b †cÖg-fv‡jvevmvi D‡`ªK n‡jI Bnv A‡jŠwKK ¸‡Y ¸Yvwš^Z| weavZvi m„wó gvbe-gvbex †cÖgfv‡jvevmv
wb‡qB g‡Z© AvMgb K‡i‡Qb| ZvB BDmyd-Ry‡jLvi †h †cÖg, kªxivav-K…‡òiI †mB GKB †cÖg|
jvBjx-gRbyi †h †cÖg, mvweÎx-mZ¨ev‡bi †mB GKB †cÖg| ivRv †MvcxPuv`-A`ybvi †h †cÖg, kªx‰PZb¨ †`e I
weòzwcÖqvi †c‡gI G‡ZvUzKz cv_©K¨ †bB| b›`bKvbb n‡Z G †cÖg DrmvwiZ n‡q gvbe-gvbexi g‡b cÖweó nq|
ZvB †cÖg G‡Zv gaygq! †cÖg-wei‡n mevBB mgvbfv‡e AvnZ nq| †cÖg †Kv‡bv DPz-bxPz Rv‡b bv, ag©-Aag© gv‡b
bv, †cÖ‡gi †Kv‡bv RvZ-Kzj †bB, †bB †Kv‡bv ˆelg¨| ZvB †cÖg mevi Aviva¨ nIqv GKvš—fv‡e Kvg¨|
Abyev`g~jK evsjv mvwnZ¨:
ga¨hy‡Mi Avw` ce© n‡Z eZ©gvb be¨hyM:
G wel‡q Av‡jvPbvi c~‡e© cvVK-mgv‡Ri AeMwZi Rb¨ Abyev`gyjK evsjv mvwnZ¨ m¤^‡Ü GKUz w`K&cvZ Ki‡Z
PvB| †Kbbv evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ Abyev`gyjK mvwnZ¨fvÊvi wekvj| ZvB we`» cwÊZ‡`i MÖ‡š’ cÖvqtmB †`Lv hvq,
Zuviv GB mvwnZ¨‡K K‡qKwU L‡Ê fvM K‡i cvVK mgv‡Ri Kv‡Q Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb Zuv‡`i (cvVK‡`i) myweav‡_©|
ga¨-hy‡Mi Avw` †_‡K Aš—t ev be¨-hy‡Mi AvM ch©š— Abyev`KMY Abyev`Kg~jK MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb Ges
AvaywbK-hyM ev eZ©gvbKv‡jI Abyev`KMY Abyev` MÖš’ iPbv K‡iB hv‡PQb| ZvB Gi †Î wekvj I e¨vwcÖZ|
Avgvi GB bvwZ`xN© iPbvq Gi wel` I we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv m¤¢e bq| †mRb¨B iPbvi avivevwnKZv iv‡_©
wKQy wKQy †QuvqvP †i‡L ‡h‡Z PvB|
Abyev`KMY cÖavYZt `yÕai‡Yi Abyev` K‡i _v‡Kb| AvwiK I Hw”QK ev fvevbyev`| AvwiK Abyev‡`
Abyev`‡Ki g~j Abyev` Qvov Avi wKQyB Kivi _v‡K bv| wKš‘ Hw”QK ev fvevbyev‡` †jLK ev Kwei B”QvgZ
iPbv‰kjxi we”Q~iY NwU‡q Zuv‡`i iPbv‡K cÖvYeš— K‡i Zzj‡Z cv‡ib| G‡Z Kwe ev mvwnwZ¨K‡K †Kv‡bv
evavaiv wbq‡gi ga¨ w`‡q Pj‡Z nq bv| ZvB G me Abyev` nq G‡Kev‡iB wfbœ ai‡Yi| G‡Z KwemvwnwZ¨KMY
MÖ‡š’i g~jmyi Azbœ †i‡L wb‡Ri B”Qvbymv‡i Zuv‡`i iPbvq ˆkwíK Rvj eybb K‡i wb‡Ri iPbv‡K
bv›`wbK K‡i Zz‡jb| Kwe †nvK Avi mvwnwZ¨K †nvK Zuviv Zuv‡`i imfvÊvi D‡Rvi K‡i w`‡q Zuv‡`i iPbv
MÖš’‡K imvg„Z K‡i Zz‡j a‡iY cvVK mgv‡Ri Kv‡Q| ZvB Gme iPbv‡K Abyev`‡Ki wbR¯^ wKZ©x e‡j a‡i
†bIqv hvq| ga¨-hyMxq wmsnfvM Abyev`g~jK MÖš’B G c_ †e‡q P‡j G‡m‡Q| D`vniY ¯^iƒc:Ñ
ivgvqY:

K„wËevmx ivgvqY evsjvi Avcvgi Rbmvavi‡Yi ü`q Rq K‡i‡Q| ZzK©x Avµg‡Yi ci Z-weZ evsjv‡`k I
wek„sLj evOvwj‡`i wkí, ms¯‹…wZ I wkv weaŸ¯— n‡q c‡i| GB Z-weaŸ¯— evOvwj‡`i mvs¯‹…wZK RxeYaviv‡K
HK¨e܇b Ave× Ki‡Z K…wËevmx ivgvq‡Yi Ae`vb AZzjbxq| K…wËevm evOvwj Kwe wQ‡jb| ms¯‹…Z fvlv I
mvwn‡Z¨ Zuvi h‡_ó cwÊZ¨ _vKv ¯^‡Ë¡I evj¥xwK ivgvqY iPbvq wZwb mij I mnR evsjvq Zuvi MÖš’Lvwb mgvß
K‡ib| †Kbbv wZwb Rvb‡Zb †h, wZwb G MÖš’Lvwb Avcvgi evOvwjRvwZi Rb¨ iPbv Ki‡Qb| myZivs evsjv
mvwn‡Z¨ Zuvi Ae`vb wPi Aq n‡q Av‡Q| gYx›`ª‡gvnb emyi g‡Z K…wËev‡mi ci AviI 51 Rb evOvwj Kwe
evj¥xwK iPwqZ ivgvqY evsjvq iPbv K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ Zuv‡`i Kv‡iv iPbvB K…wËevm‡K AwZµg Ki‡Z mg nq
wb|
wZwb †h g‡b-cÖv‡Y GKRb †KŠZzK wcÖq evOvwj wQ‡jb wb‡æ cÖ`Ë Zuvi Kv‡e¨i K‡qKUv PiY hv eOvwji †fvRb
wejv‡mi †fvR¨e¯‘ I †fvRbixwZ †_‡KB cvVK mgv‡Ri `„wó AvKl©Y Ki‡e| †hgb:Ñ
1 : cÖ_‡g‡Z kvK w`qv †fvRb Avi¤¢|
Zvici m~c Avw` w`‡jb mvb›`||
fvRv †Svj Avw` Kwi cÂvk e¨Äb|
µ‡g µ‡g mevKv‡i ‰Kj weZiY||
‡k‡l A¤^jv‡š— nBj e¨Äb mgvß|
`wa c‡i cigvbœ wcóKvw` hZ||
Ges -
N„Z `wa `y» gay gayi cvqm|
bvbvwea wgóvbœ LvBj bvbvim||
Pe© Pzl¨ †jn¨ †cq myMwÜ Av¯^v`|
hZ cvq ZZ Lvq bvB Aemv`||
KÉvewa †cU ˆnj eyK cv‡Q dv‡U|
AvPgb Kwi VvU K‡ó D‡V Lv‡U||
Ab¨Î †`Lyb, †Kgb fveM¤¢xi I Ki“Yi‡m ficyi Kve¨v‡k wZwb wbg©j †KŠZzKim m„wó K‡i ‰ewPÎ Avbvq‡bi
cÖhvm †c‡q‡Qb| †hgb:Ñ
2 : KzwcZ nBj exi ceb b›`b|
evovBqv w`j †jR cÂvk †hvRb||
‡jR †`wL ive‡Yi eo ˆnj Wi|
ai ai WvK Qv‡o ivRv j‡¼k¦i||
wÎk gY e¯¿ m‡e Avwbj wbK‡U|
GZ e¯¿ Av‡b GK †e‡o bvwn Avu‡U||
j¼vi g‡a¨‡Z wQj h‡ZK Kvco|
N„Z ˆZj w`qv Zvnv Kwij Rveo||
n‡qwQj †h `ytL evwji †jR †U‡b|
‡jR †`wL ive‡Yi Zvnv c‡o g‡b||
wZb j ivm Pvwcqv †jR a‡i|
m‡e wgwj †jR †d‡j f~wgi Dc‡i||
Kvco wZwZj †jR cwoj f~Z‡j|
‡j‡R AwMœ w`‡Z me `vD `vD R¡‡j||
‡j‡R AwMœ w`‡Z †`wL nbygvb nv‡m|
Avcb eywׇZ †eUv c‡o me©bv‡k|
Gici hv N‡U Zv me©Rb wew`Z:Ñ

N‡i N‡i jvd w`qv å‡g nbygvb||
GK N‡i AwMœ w`‡Z Avi Ni R¡‡j|
‡K K‡i wbe©vb Zv‡i †Kev Kv‡i e‡j||
AwMœ‡Z cywoqv c‡o eo N‡ii Pvj|
A‡a©K ¯¿x cyi“‡li Mv‡qi †Mj Qvj||
Dj½ Db¥Ë †Kn cjvq Df i‡o|
‡j‡R RovBqv †d‡j AwMœi Dc‡i||
fvMeZ:
gvjvai emy Kwe K…wËev‡mi g‡Zv GKRb ¸Yai I kw³kvjx Kwe wQ‡jb| wZwb kªxK…òweRq Kve¨ iPbv K‡i
ivR m¤§vb jvf K‡ib| Kwei Dw³‡ZB Kv‡e¨i iPbv Kvj I ivR m¤§vb cÖvwß cÖgvwbZ n‡q‡Q| †hgb:Ñ
‡Zik cuPvbB k‡K MÖš’ Avi¤¢b|
PZzÏ©k `yB k‡K nBj mgvcb||
¸Y bvwn Aag gywT bvwn †Kvb Ávb|
‡MŠ‡ok¦i w`jv bvg ¸YivR Lvb||
GB wn‡m‡e MÖ‡š’i iPbv Kvj nq 1473 wLª÷vã †_‡K 1480 wLª÷vã| kªxK…òKxZ©‡bi A‡bK c‡o Kwe gvjvai
emy KwZ©K fvMe‡Zi `kg ¯‹Ü Abyw`Z nq ÔkªxK…òweRqÕ bv‡g| Bnv evsjv mvwnZ¨ QvovI †MŠoxq ˆeòe
mvwn‡Z¨i GKLvwb D‡j−L‡hvM¨ MÖš’| fvMe‡Zi `kg ¯‹‡Ü kªxK…‡òi †h evj¨ I ˆKki jxjv wea„Z n‡q‡Q Zv‡Z
kªxK…‡òi Hk¦h© I gvayh© we‡klfv‡e jYxq| gvjvai emyi Kve¨ fvMe‡Zi `kg ¯‹‡Üi AvwiK Abyev` bq,
fvevbyev`| Kwe K…wËev‡mi b¨vq gvjvai emyI Zuvi Kv‡e¨i g~j welq Avengvb evsjvi HwZn¨ I cwi‡e‡ki
Dci `uv‡ov Kwi‡q‡Qb| †hgb:Ñ
iRbx cÖfvZ nBj ivg `v‡gv`‡i|
evQyi ivwL‡Z †Mjv hgybvi Zx‡i||
‡fvRb Kwiqv m‡e wm½v evRvBqv|
cðv‡Z Pwjjv wkï evQyi jBqv||
GKÎ nBqv m‡e hgybvi Zx‡i|
bvbvwea µxov Kwi hvq ax‡i ax‡i||
KwZnu †KvwKj c mȳ ^i bv` cy‡i|
Zvi m‡½ iv Kv‡o ivg `v‡gv`‡i||
KwZnu gK©U wkï jvd †`B i‡½|
‡Zb g‡Z hvq K…ò QvIqv‡ji m‡½||
KwZnu gDi c bvbv b„Z¨ K‡i||
Zvnv †`wL †ZgZ bv‡P ivg `v‡gv`‡i||
KwZnu cMY AvKv‡k Dwo hvq|
Zvnvi Qvqvi m‡½ avBqv †eovq||
‡Kv_vn ey‡jb dzj Zzwjqv gyivwi|
K‡_v Kv‡b K‡_v ü‡` bvbv e‡Y© cwi||
‡Zb g‡Z e„›`ve‡b †M‡jb †Mvcvj|
eo zav ˆnj me emG QIqvj||
Kwe gvjvai emy mywPwš—Z I mywbcybfv‡e Zuvi m„ó kªxK…òweRq A_©vr fvMeZ‡K bZzb is-G iwÄZ Kivi Rb¨
fvMeZ ewnf©~Z A‡bK AvL¨vb-DcvL¨v‡bi ms‡hvRb NwU‡q‡Qb| †hgbÑ ÒK…ò-hywawôi msev`, Rivm‡›`i Rb¥
weeiY, wkïcvj-ea, wkïcv‡ji Rb¥weeiY, eRªbvf-‰`Z¨ eaÓ BZ¨vw` AviI A‡bK| hvi`i“b G Kve¨Lvwb
evsjvi RbM‡Yi g‡bvgy» I ü`qMÖvnx n‡q‡Q| Kve¨Lvwbi fvlv‡mŠKh©, kãweb¨vm, Q‡›`v‰bcyb¨, b›`bZË¡ I

Ava¨vwZ¥K Z‡Ë¡i mgš^q Kwei cvi`k©xZvi cwiPq enb K‡i| gvjvai emyi ci AviI 15/16 Rb Kwe fvMeZ
iPbv K‡i‡Qb wKš‘ †KnB gvjvai emy‡K AwZµg Ki‡Z mg_© nb wb| Z‡e Kwe ˆ`eKxb›`b wmsn Zuvi KweZ¡
iPbvq h‡_ó cvi`k©xZv I cvwʇZ¨i cwiPq cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| †hgbÑ
wkLÊgÊj D‡o P~ovi Dc‡i|
B›`ªaby D‡V †hb beRja‡i||
jjv‡U P›`b‡iLv AwZ †m DRjx|
beRja‡i †hb aej weRyjx||
Aćb iwÄZ AvuwL †`wL g‡bvn‡i|
gay‡jv‡f Kgj †ewoj gayK‡i||
gnvfviZ:
gnvfviZ m¤^‡Ü †Kv‡bv wKQy †jLvi c~‡e© fviZ Kxfv‡e gnvfviZ n‡jv †m wel‡q cvVK mgv‡Ri `„wó AvKl©Y
Kivi cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q e‡j g‡b Kwi| cyivKv‡j b›`bKvb‡b †`eZv‡`i G‡Zv msL¨vwaK¨ N‡U wQj †h, Zuv‡`i
c`fv‡i ¯^‡M©v`¨vb n‡qwQ‡jv UjUjvqgvb| Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ ZLb `jv`wj Ges ci®ú‡ii cÖwZ we‡ivafve cÖKU
n‡q D‡VwQ‡jv| †`eZv‡`i g‡a¨ †e`PZzóq I fvi‡Zi cÖvavb¨ wb‡q fxlY `jv`wj I MʇMvj PjwQ‡jv Ggb
mgq gnv‡`‡ei wb‡`©‡k MvwYwZK bxjKÉ, †`eZv‡`i msL¨v ms‡c‡bi Rb¨ Zrci n‡jb| gnvfvi‡Zi 12k:
†k−v‡K Bnv wea„Z Av‡Q| †hgb:Ñ
A_©vr:Ñ
Îqw¯¿skZmnmªvwb Îqw¯¿sk”QZvwb P|
Îqw¯¿sk”P †`evbvs m„wót ms‡cjYv||
kZmnmªvw` msL¨v ci¯úi wei“× †eva nB‡Z‡Q| GB ci¯úiwei“× wÎwea msL¨vi UxKvKvi bxjKÉ GB mgš^q
Kwiqv‡Qb ‡h, Aó emy, GKv`k i“`ª, Øv`k Avw`Z¨, B›`ª I cÖRvcwZ GB Îqw¯¿skr †`eZv| Îqw¯¿skr kZ
A_ev ÎqwÎskr mnmª msL¨v Zvnvw`‡Mi cwievivw`mn MYbvwfcÖv‡q wbw`©ó nBqv‡Q| GB evûj¨ msL¨vI ms‡c
m„wó AwfcÖv‡q Dwj−wLZ| we¯—vwiZ m„wó AwfcÖv‡q cyivbv¯—‡i Îqw¯¿skr †KvwU msL¨vi D‡j−L Av‡Q| AR©yb wgkª
cÖ_gZt GBiƒc e¨vL¨v wjwLqv cwi‡k‡l h_vkÖ“Z MÖš’v_© mvgÄm¨ ms¯’vc‡b e¨MÖ nBqv Îqw¯¿skr mnmª Îqw¯¿skr
kZ I Îqw¯¿skr GB wZ‡bi mgwó Kwiqv‡Qb, A_©vr 333333 †`eZvw`‡Mi ms‡c m„wó| ZLb mKj
†`eZvMY GKÎ nBqv Zzjvh‡š¿i GKw`‡K Pvwi †e` I Aci w`‡K GB fviZ ¯’vcb KwiqvwQ‡jb| fviZ minm¨
†e`PZzóq A‡cv fv‡i AwaK nq, GRb¨ Zvewa Bn‡jv‡K fviZ gnvfviZ ewjqv cÖwm× nBqv‡Q| cwigvbKv‡j
Gi gnZ¡ I fvieZ¡ DfqB AwaK n‡jv, †mB wbwgË Gi bvg gnvfviZ| BnvB gnvfviZ k‡äi eyrcwË|
evsjv gnvfvi‡Zi Avw` iPwqZv Kwe mÄq I Kex›`ª ci‡gk¦i| Kex‡›`ªi gnvfviZ iwPZ nq evsjv‡`‡ki
PÆMÖvg I †bvqvLvjxi mxgvš—eZ©x †dbx-b`xi DcK‚‡j| GB mgq AvjvDÏxb û‡mb kvn (1493 Ñ 1519 wLª:)
wQ‡jb †MŠ‡oi mgªvU| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i RM‡Z mgªvU û‡mb kvni Ae`vb Ab¯^xKvh©| wZwb evsjvi mvwnZ¨, wkí
I ms¯‹…wZi AfyZc~e© DbœwZ mvab K‡iwQ‡jb| Zuvi ØvivB weaŸ¯— evOvwji wØZxq weRq mvwaZ n‡qwQ‡jv|
‰Øcvqb e¨vm‡`e Ges ‰Rwgwb gnvfviZB evsjvi me©Î cÖPvi jvf K‡iwQ‡jv| evsjvq gnvfvi‡Zi Abyev`
cÖavbZt ˆRwgwb gnvfvi‡Zi Abymi‡YB n‡qwQ‡jv| gnvfvi‡Zi Pwiθ‡jv Kwe‡`i cÖ‡Póvq wbw`©ó mxgvi evB‡i
†_‡K ¯^Zù‚Z© weKvk jvf K‡i RbM‡Yi gb AvKl©b Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q, Zvi d‡j Zuv‡`i Av‡e`b Rbgb¯úk©x
n‡q‡Q| Aek¨ Ab¨vb¨ gnvfvi‡Zi Zzjbvq Kvkx`vmx gnvfviZB RbwP‡Ë AwaK Av‡e`b m„wó Ki‡Z mg
n‡q‡Q| Zvi KviY Kvkx`v‡mi Ac~e© wkí‰bcy‡Y¨ gnvfvi‡Zi Pwiθ‡jv evOvwj gvb‡mi Dc‡hvMx n‡q M‡o
D‡V‡Q| ZvB Kvkx`v‡mi fviZ-Kvwnbxi imcv‡b hyM hyM a‡i evsjvi gvbyl cwiZ…ß|
Kvkxivg`v‡mi Kve¨ iPbvq †Kv_vI †Kv_vI ms¯‹…‡Zi †QuvqvP cwi`„ó nh| Zv‡Z Zuvi evsjv Abyev` †Kv_vI
`y‡e©va¨ nqwb| †Kbbv wZwb Rvb‡Zb †h, Zvi e½vbyev` MÖš’Lvwb †Kej evOvwj‡`i D‡`¨‡k¨B †jLv| hvi`i“Y
evsjvi GB giwgqv Kwe Zuvi g‡bi gvayix wgwk‡q evOvwji Rb¨ †i‡L †M‡Qb KvjRqx G MÖš’ ÒgnvfviZ|Ó

Kvkxivg`v‡mi Av‡M AviI 6 Rb evOvwj Kwe Ges Zuvi ciewZ© mg‡q 51 Rb evOvwj Kwe evsjvq gnvfviZ
iPbv K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ †KnB Kwe Kvkxivg`vm‡K AwZµg K‡i †h‡Z mg nb wb| GRb¨B Kwe ïay evOvwj
wn›`y‡`iB gb Rq K‡ib wb wZwb mgfv‡e gymjgvb‡`iI Aš—i Rq Ki‡Z mg n‡h‡Qb| mg n‡q‡Qb
cwic~Y© Ki‡Z evsjvi mwnZ¨-fvÊvi| †hgb:Ñ
AR©yb j¨‡f` Ki‡j:Ñ
‡`L wØR gbwmR wRwbqv g~iwZ|
cÙcÎ hyM¥ †bÎ cik‡q kÖ“wZ||
Abycg Zby k¨vg bx‡jvrcj Avfv|
gyL i“wP KZ ïwP Kwiqv‡Q †kvfv||
‡`L Pvi“ hyM¥ fyi“ jjvU cÖmi|
wK mvb›` MwZ g›` gË Kweei||
fyR hy‡M wb‡›` bv‡M AvRvbyjw¤^Z|
KwiKi hyMei Rvby myewjZ||
gnvexh© †hb m~h©¨ Rj‡` Ave„Z|
AwMœ Asï †hb cvsï Rv‡j Av”Qvw`Z||
wewÜj wewÜj ewj ˆnj gnvaŸwb|
kwbqv we¯§qvcbœ hZ b„cgwY||
nv‡Z‡Z `wai cvÎ ˆjqv cy®úgvjv|
w؇R‡i ewi‡Z hvq `ª“c‡`i evjv||
Kvkxivg`v‡mi Kv‡e¨ i‡q‡Q Q›`tcÖKiY, kãwebœvm, bv›`bxK Aj¼iY, i‡q‡Q Ki“Y I ‡iŠ`ª i‡mi mgvnvi,
exi-fq¼i-exfrm I A¢yZ i‡mi mswgkªY| hv evOvwj g‡b †`vjv w`‡q Zv‡`i wenŸj K‡i Zz‡j‡Q| Kwei
Av`k©, bxwZ‡eva, b¨vq-wbôv I ggZ¡‡ev‡a AvK…ó n‡q evOvwj Kwe‡K Zv‡`i ü`‡q ¯’vb w`‡q‡Q|
ga¨hy‡Mi evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ gymwjg Ae`vb
mg‡qi †mªvZavivq GB evsjvi ey‡K evOvwj I evsjvfvlvi Dci eûRvwZ eûfv‡e †n‡b‡Q LM©K…cvb| hvi`i“Y
evsjv fvlv Zvi Avcb MwZ‡Z AMÖmi n‡Z cv‡i wb, n‡q‡Q wewNœZ I evavcÖvß evievi| †hgb cvj ivR‡Z¡i
mgq evsjv fvlv I evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i h‡_ó DbœwZ mvwaZ nq Avevi nvcmx myjZvb‡`i Avµg‡Y Zv m¤ú~Y©fv‡e
jÊ-fÊ n‡q hvq| cybivq mgªvU †nv‡mb kvn-Gi mgq evsjv fvlv cybi“¾xweZ n‡q cÖmvi jvf K‡i| A_P
†gvNj Avg‡j Zv e¨vnZ nq| Bs‡iR Avg‡j fvlvi Ici ¯^vaxYZv _vKvi `i“Y Bnvi DbœwZ mvwaZ nq| wKš‘
cvwK¯—vb Avg‡j Zv Lwe©Z n‡q c‡i h‡_ófv‡e| Zuviv evsjv fvlvi Ici bvbviƒc euvavwb‡la Av‡ivc K‡i evsjv
fvlvi cÖfyZ wZ mvab K‡i _v‡K| GiB †cÖw‡Z ïi“ n‡qwQ‡jv fvlv Av‡›`vjb|
nuv-wbw`©avq ejv hvq evsjv fvlvi DbœwZ K‡í gymjgvb mgªvU I Zuv‡`i Avgjv‡`i AKvc©b¨ mn‡hvMxZv I
c„ó‡cvlKZv i‡q‡Q Ges i‡q‡Q Zuv‡`i e`vb¨Zv I ag©-wbi‡cZv| ga¨hy‡Mi evsjv-mvwn‡Z¨i AfyZc~e©
RvMiYB Zvi mvx| G mg‡q evsjvi ey‡K P‡j AvmwQ‡jv bvbviƒc wek„•jv, weev`-weZÊv, ag© Ges ms¯‹…wZi
†`vnvB w`‡q PjwQ‡jv †`ke¨vcx mv¤cÖ`vwqKZvi †ikv‡iwk, gviv-gvwi, `v½v-nv½vgv| wKš‘ ZrKvjxb mgªvUMY
Zv K‡Vvi n‡¯— `gb K‡i evsjvi ey‡K kvwš— wdwi‡q Avb‡Z mg nb| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i DbœwZ K‡í Zuviv
gymjgvb Kwe-mvwnwZ¨K‡`i g‡Zv wn›`y Kwe-mvwnwZ¨K‡`iI mgvbfv‡e mn‡hvMxZv I m¤§vb cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡Kb|
Zuvi Kv‡Q wn›`y-gymjgvb ev RvwZMZ †Kv‡bv †f`v‡f` ¯’vb †c‡Zv bv| wZwb †m mgqKvi wn›`y ¸Yx KwemvwnwZ¨K‡`i
bvbviƒc ivRKxq Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ K‡i Zuv‡`i DrmvwnZ Ki‡Zb| ZvB evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i DbœwZ
K‡í mgªvU †nv‡mb kvn-Gi wbKU Avgiv we‡klfv‡e FYx Ges evsjv fvlvi DbœwZ K‡í gymjgvb KwemvwnwZ¨K‡`i
K‡Vvi cwikªg I wbôvI Avgiv †hb fy‡j bv hvB|
ga¨hyMxq gymjgvb Kwe I mvwnwZ¨K‡`i mvwnZ¨Kg© I Kve¨ iPbvi †KŠkj, mywbcyb kã Pqb, Q‡›`v-web¨vk Ges
Ava¨wZ¥K I RvMZxK wPš—vaviv wKfv‡e Zuv‡`i mvwnZ¨ I Kv‡e¨ cÖwZdjb NwU‡q‡Q Zv myweÁ cvVK mgv‡Ri
`ywó AvKl©Y Ki‡Z mg n‡e e‡j g‡b Kwi| wb‡æ Zvi K‡qKUv D`vniY Zz‡j †`Iqv n‡jv| †hgbÑ

1 : Kwe AvjvIj:
GKfvM ˆkkeZv hvq †Ljvi‡m|
Avi fvM †hŠebZv gË Kvge‡k||
‡klKv‡j Riv e¨vwa awie Avwmqv|
‡KvbKv‡j cyY¨ ˆne eySn fvweqv|
‡‡Y wkicxov †‡Y RivRb¥ evqy|
hvi A‡½ †ivM nq wZ³ jv‡M Avqy||
Kwe AvjvI‡ji Kv‡e¨ †h, Ava¨vwZ¥K I RvMwZK wPš—vaviv cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Zv Avgv‡`i Rxe‡b cÖwZdwjZ n‡q
Rxeb m¤^‡Ü K‡ZvUzKz mdjZv Avbqb Ki‡Z mg n‡q‡Qb Zv Avgiv mn‡RB Abyaveb Ki‡Z cvwi|
2 : Kwe ‡kL mv`xi iPbv †_‡K wKQy Ask DׄZ n‡jv:Ñ
Z‡e gvwjKvG cy‡Q dwK‡ii Avjq|
GK e„‡ evi Wvj AvwQj wbðq||
GK GK Wv‡j a‡i wÎk wÎk cvZ|
‡ek Kg bvwn Zv‡_ mg miZvR||
‡m c‡Îi GK c„‡ô m‡d` AvKvi|
Avi c„‡ô †mnv i½ ïb Kwn mvi||
GK GK c‡Î a‡i c c dzj|
Avj−vni Kz`i‡Zi dzj w`‡Z bvwn Zzj||
G KweZvq †ivgvwÈK ev cÖY‡qvcvL¨v‡bi im mÂvi †bB| hvi`i“Y mv`xi G KweZv mvaviY Rbg‡b im m„wó
Ki‡Z mg nq wb| wKš‘ Gi g‡a¨ †h, Ava¨vwZ¥K ZË¡ I Z‡_¨i we‡k−lY i‡q‡Q Zv mewKQy Qvwo‡q-Qvwc‡q,
wMwi-wkL‡oi D”P ¯’v‡b ¯’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q Zv Ab¯^xKvh©|
3 : Kwe †`ŠjZ KvRx:
A½yj-Bw½Z-k‡i kkx `yB LÊ K‡i
cÖjq-mgvb Zvb `vc||
gymjgvbx g~j evwZ hvi †Z‡R R¡‡j wbwZ
bv wbev‡q evq~-e„wó-R‡j||
Kwe Zuvi ÔmZxgqbv-‡jvi-P›`ªvbxÕ DcvL¨v‡bi f~wgKv‡Z bex im~‡ji †h, kw³ I gwngvi mÜvb w`‡q‡Qb Zv
AZzjbxq| wZwb gnvb Avj−vnZvjvi kw³i weKvk Zuvi (Avj−vni) wcÖq bex im~‡ji ga¨w`‡q Rbgvb‡m cÖKvk
Kivi cÖqvm †c‡q‡Qb ej‡j G‡ZvUzKz AZ¨yw³ n‡e bv e‡j g‡b Kwi|
gaye‡b wccxwjKv hw` K‡i †Kwj|
ivRf‡q gvZ‡½ bv hvq Zv‡i †Vwj||
weaev wbe©jx e„×v †e‡P iZœfvi|
fxgmg ejxI bv K‡i ejvrevi||
mxZv mg my›`ix hw` i‡n †m e‡b|
ivR-f‡q bv wbi‡ mnmª‡jvP‡b||
‡ivmv½iv‡Ri cÖZvc I cÖwZcwË Ges Zuvi K‡Vvi I mykvm‡b cÖRvKzj †Kgb fxZ wQ‡jb Kwe †`ŠjZ KvRx Zuvi
Kv‡e¨ Zv my›`ifv‡e cÖù‚wUZ K‡i Zz‡j‡Qb|

P›`ªvbx †Zvgvi wgjb g‡bvig|
we`¨v m‡½ my›`‡ii †hb mgvMg||
Kwei AZzjbxq fvebv, ü`q¯úk©x eqvb, Q‡›`v I i‡mi wgjb Rbmvavi‡Yi gb‡K Qu~‡q †h‡Z mg n‡q‡Q,
†Kbbv G DcvL¨vb ZrKvjxb mg‡q RbM‡Yi gy‡L gy‡L wem&mv-Kvwnbxi g‡Zv mviv †`ke¨vcx Qwo‡q c‡owQ‡jv|
G DcvL¨v‡b wZwb my›`i I cvwʇZ¨i we”Q~iY mgfv‡e NwU‡q RbM‡Yi gb Rq K‡iwQ‡jb| Gme Kvi‡YB
ÔmZxgqbv-‡jvi-P›`ªvbxÕ DcvL¨vbwU G‡Zv RbwcÖqZv jvf K‡i‡Q|
bv_-mvwn‡Z¨ Avgiv `yÕ‡Uv aviv ch©‡eY K‡i _vwK|
1: gxb‡PZb ev †MviweRq:
2: gqbvgZx ev †MvcxP‡›`ªi Mvb:
bv_ mvwnZ¨:
Dfq avivi mvwn‡Z¨B Avgiv †eŠ× wm×vPvh©M‡Yi Dcw¯’wZ j¨ K‡i _vwK| †hgb:Ñ gxbbv_ ev gr‡m¨›`ªbv_,
RvjÜwicv` ev nvwocv, †Mvibv_ ev †MiLbv_ (†MvL©bv_), Kvbycv ev Kvýcv`| GB wm×vPvh©‡`i bv‡gi
mv‡_I bv_-mvwn‡Z¨i wgj i‡q‡Q| bv_ Dcvwa n‡Z bv_-mvwn‡Z¨i m„wó ej‡j nq‡Zv fyj n‡e bv| Zey evsjv
mvwn‡Z¨i huviv Kb©avi †mme cwÊZ‡`i M‡flYv I weavb Avgv‡`i †g‡b Pj‡ZB n‡e| Avgiv ïay wb‡Ri gZUyKy
cÖKvk Ki‡Z cvwi| GB wm×vPvh©‡`i Avwef©ve †Kv_vq, †Kvb mgq, wKfv‡e n‡qwQ‡jv Zv wb‡qI we`» cwÊZMY
GKgZ bb| Gu‡`i g‡a¨I gZv‰bK¨ i‡q‡Q cÖPzi| ZeyI bv_-mvwn‡Z¨i m„wó †hfv‡eB †nvK bv †Kb GB mvwnZ¨
I Mvb¸wj evsjvi ey‡K h‡_ó RbwcÖqZv jvf K‡i‡Q| Ggb wK evsjvi gymjgvbMYI bv_-mvwnZ¨ I Mv‡bi f³
wQ‡jb Ges GLbI evsjv‡`‡ki A‡bK A‡j Gi h‡_ó cÖPjb I RbwcÖqZv i‡q‡Q|
bv_-mvwn‡Z¨i `yÕ‡Uv avivi `yÕ‡Uv DcvL¨vbB cyivKv‡j evsjvi cÖZ¨š— A‡j †jv‡Ki gy‡L gy‡L MxZ n‡Zv Ges
Gfv‡eB ‡jv‡Ki gyL †_‡K gy‡L, mgvR †_‡K mgv‡R, AÂj †_‡K A‡j AbycÖweó n‡q †`ke¨vcx RbM‡Yi
g‡bi Mnx‡Y ¯’vb K‡i wb‡Z mg n‡q‡Q ej‡j G‡ZvUzKz AZ¨yw³ n‡e bv| G `yÕwU Kvwnbxi fveaviv m¤ú~Y©
c„_K| GKUvi mv‡_ Ab¨Uvi †Kv‡bv wgj †bB A_P `yÕ‡Uv KvwnbxB Ggbfv‡e iwPZ n‡q‡Q †h, gvby‡li Kv‡Q
Bnv mgvbfv‡e Av`„Z n‡q‡Q| G bvwZ`xN© iPbvq Kvwnbx `yÕ‡Uv Aš—f©~³ Kiv m¤¢e bq| ïay Kvwnbx؇qi g~j
Drm¨ I bv‡gi mv_©KZvUzKz Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
K : †`eZv wk‡ei Awfkvc cÖvß ¸i“ gxbbv_ ev gr‡m¨›`ªbv_ K`jx jjbv‡`i gwnbxgvqvq †gvnMÖ¯—
n‡q wb‡Ri mvabvi wel‡q we¯§„Z nb Ges Kvwgbx †gvnMÖ¯— n‡q RvMwZK †fvM-wejv‡m gË n‡q D‡Vb| Z`xq
wkl¨ †Mvibv_ Zuvi †gvnMÖ¯— ¸i“‡K åóc_ n‡Z D×vi K‡ib| ¸i“ I wk‡l¨i GB NUbvejx‡K Aej¤^b K‡iB
G Kvwnbx ev DcvL¨v‡bi m„wó| ¸i“ I wk‡l¨i K‡_vcK_b, evMweZÊv †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv mgq Ggb ch©v‡q P‡j
†h‡Zv †h, KweMY Zvi ù‚iY NUv‡Z eva¨ n‡q M~pinm¨c~Y©, `y‡e©va¨ cvwifvwlK k‡ãi cÖ‡qvM ev e¨env‡i eva¨
n‡q‡Qb| ZviB `yÕ‡Uv bgybv wb‡æ cÖ`Ë n‡jv| †hgbÑ
‡cvLix‡Z cvbx bvB cvo †Kb ey‡o (Wy‡e)|
evmvN‡i wW¤^ bvB QvI †Kb D‡o||
bM‡i gbyl¨ bvB Ni Pv‡j Pvj|
Av܇j †`vKvb w`qv Lwi` K‡i Kvj||
wSg hvDK ewilv kxZ‡j hvDK gxb|
Suvwcqv Zix‡Z cvwo mgỳ ª Mnxb||
Ges Ab¨Î †`LybÑ
gnv‡Z‡R Kzov‡j‡Z mgwc©jv ¸i“|
e¨v‡NÖi m¤§y‡L Zzwg mgwc©jv Mi“||
gqbvgZx n‡jb evsjvi ivRv gvwbKP‡›`ªi cuvP ivYxi GK ivYx I wm×vPh© †Mvibv‡_i GKRb wkl¨v Ges ivRv
†MvcxP‡›`ªi Rbbx| †`eZv wke n‡jb K…lKKz‡ji †`eZv| ivRv gvwbKP‡›`ªi gš¿xMY K…lK‡`i Ici AZ¨vPvi-

AbvPvi, DrcxoY-wbtcxoY ïi“ Ki‡j wk‡ei Awfkvc cÖvß n‡q ivRv gvwbKP›`ª g„Z¨yeiY K‡ib| wKš‘ wk‡ei
e‡i gqbvgZx cyÎ mš—vb jvf K‡ib Ges Zuvi bvg iv‡Lb †MvcxP›`ª| wke gqbv‡K GI e‡jb †h, †Zvgvi cy‡Îi
Avq~®‹vj gvÎ Dwbk eQi| wKš‘ †m hvw` evi eQi mbœ¨vmeªZ MÖnY K‡i Ges nvwocvi wkl¨Z¡ MÖnY K‡i Z‡e †m
g„Z¨y duvov n‡Z iv cv‡e| †mRb¨B gv‡qi Av‡`k I Dc‡`‡k ivRv †MvcxP›`ª mbœ¨vmeªZ Mªn‡Yi c~‡e© gv‡K
e‡jbÑ
cvBmv‡j Lv‡U nvwo bv K‡i wmbvb|
Zvi VvwT †Kg‡b AvQ‡q eªþÁvb||
Avwg ivRv †Mvwe›`vB me©‡jv‡K Rv‡b|
‡Kg‡b awi‡Z ej nvwoi Pi‡Y||
Gici gv‡qi A‡jŠwKKiƒc †`‡L ivRv †MvcxP›`ª Zuvi RvMwZK Ávb nvwo‡q †d‡jb Ges mbœ¨vmeªZ MÖnY K‡ib
I A`ybvi Kvbœv Zz”Q K‡i e‡jbÑ
msmvi R‡ji we¤^ me wgQv Kvqv|
G wZb fye‡b †`L Avcbvi Kvqv||
Bó wgÎ eÜzevÜe wgQv Kvq|
Kv‡ôi cyZzj †hb evw`qv bvPvq||
ivRv †MvcxP‡›`ªi mbœ¨vm-hvÎvi cÖv°v‡j ivYx A`ybvi KvZi AvwZ©‡Z GUzKz AbywgZ †h, Kwe Zuvi KweZvq gvbexq
iƒcwUi h‡_ó cÖù‚UY NwU‡q‡Qb| †hgb:Ñ
bv hvBI bv hvBI ivRv `~i †`kvš—i|
Kvi jvwMqv evwÜjvg kxZj gw›`i Ni||
evwÜjvg ev½vjv Ni bvB c‡i Kvwj|
Ggb eq‡m Qvwo hvI Avgvi e„_v Mveyivjx||
wb‡›`i ¯^c‡b ivRv ne `wimb|
cvj‡¼ †djvBe n¯— bvB cÖv‡Yi ab||
`k wMwii gvI eBb i‡e m¨vgx jB‡e †Kv‡jv|
Avwg bvix †iv`b Kwie Lvwj Ni gw›`‡i||
Avgv‡K m‡½ Kwiqv jBqv hvI|
Rxqb Rxeb ab Avwg Kb¨v m‡½ †M‡j||
iuvwaqv w`gy Abœ zavi Kv‡j|
wccvmvi Kv‡j w`gy cvwb||
nvwmqv †Lwjqv †cvnvgy iRbx||
Ab¨Î weiwnYx bvixü`‡qi AvwZ© I AvKv¼vi cÖKv‡k †h gvbexq im D”QwjZ n‡q D‡V‡Q:-
KZKvj ivwLe †hŠeb Av‡j evwÜqv|
evwni ˆnj †hŠeb ü`q dvwUqv||
‡b‡Z evw܇j †hŠeb †b‡Z ˆne q|
cÖ_g †hŠeb †M‡j †Kn Kv‡iv bq||
‡b‡Z evw܇j †hŠeb PUwMqv D‡V|
¯^vgx‡K cvB‡j †hŠeb Kfy bvwn Uz‡U||
weiwnYx bvixi ü`‡qi GB Acwimxg R¡vjvi Av‡eMNb cÖKv‡ki gva¨‡gB †eva nq †hŠe‡bi AZj¯úk© wbM~p
in‡m¨i D˜NvUb m¤¢e n‡Z cv‡i|
g½jKve¨:

evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i BwZnv‡m g½jKv‡e¨i mgq mxgv n‡jv wLªw÷q ·qv`k kZvãx †_‡K wLªw÷q Aóv`k kZvãx|
GB mgq mxgvi g‡a¨ ag© Ges †`e-‡`ex‡`i wb‡q gvby‡li Kj¨vYv‡_© †hme Kve¨-KweZv, AvL¨vb-DcvL¨vb,
wKm&mv-Kvwnbx iwPZ n‡q‡Q, †mmeB g½jKve¨ bv‡g cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i‡Q| evsjvq g½j k‡ãi mvaviY A_©
n‡jv Kj¨vY| cvš—‡i KweZvi fvlvq kãwU‡K †Kv‡bv gnr e¨w³ ev e¨w³‡Z¡i ¸YKxZ©b wn‡m‡eI
†`vnvKviMY, KweMY cÖ‡qvM K‡i _v‡Kb| Zvn‡j Avgiv GLv‡b †`L‡Z cvB †h, g½jKv‡e¨i KweMY HwnK
Avc‡`-wec‡`, DrcxoY-wbtcxo‡Y, fq-fxwZ‡Z Ges Avwa-e¨vwa‡Z, gvbe-Kj¨vY-ma‡b †h‡Kv‡bv †`e-‡`exi
¸YKxZ©b K‡i Zuv‡`i‡K gZ©f~‡g Avbqb K‡i‡Qb|
Dc‡i †h, mgqKvj m~wPZ n‡q‡Q †m mgqUv wQ‡jv evsjv‡`k I evOvwj wn›`y‡`i Ges Avh© eªvþY‡`i Rb¨ GKUv
Pig gyn~Z© ev `ytmgq| ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, wkv-ms¯‹…wZ I ag©xq w`K w`‡q PjwQ‡jv †ek †Nvjv‡U
cwiw¯’wZ| †eŠ×‡`i AvµgY, Gw`‡K Bmjvg a‡g©i kvwš— I gnvZ¥ cÖPv‡ii ZrciZv, gymwjg kvmK‡`i
ZrciZv BZ¨vw` wg‡j wn›`y RbRxeb I eªvþY‡`i Rxeb n‡q D‡VwQ‡jv `ywe©mn| Gme †NvjvR‡ji ga¨ †_‡K
kxZjRj cvb K‡i wb‡R‡`i AvZ¥iv‡_© Zuviv †e‡Q wb‡jb wfbœc_| Zviv ¯^‡M©i †`e-‡`ex‡`i g‡Z© Avbqb
K‡i, Zuv‡`i c~RvP©bv I ¸YKxZ©b K‡i gZ©f~‡g cÖwZwôZ K‡i AvZ¥Z…wß jvf Ki‡jb| A_P G welq¸wj wQ‡jv
†MŠb| gyL¨ welq wQ‡jv Avwa-e¨vwai fq| G f‡q wn›`y, gymjgvb Ges †eŠ× mevB wQ‡jv mgvbfv‡e fxZ-mš¿¯—|
‡Kbbv evsjv‡`‡k ZLb K‡jiv, kxZjv gnvgvix AvKvi aviY Ki‡Zv Ges nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl g„Z¨ygy‡L cwZZ
n‡Zv| MÖvg‡K MÖvg ZLb Rbk~Y¨ n‡q ci‡Zv| Dciš‘ wQ‡jv wnsmª cÖvYx‡`i AvµgY Ges AwZe„wó I Abve„wói
wbôzi Avav‡Z m„ó `ywf©| G‡ZI nvRvi nvRvi †jvK gyZ¨yeiY Ki‡Zv| ZLwb ïi“ nq ÔIjvweweÕ, ÔkxZjv‡`exÕ,
Ôgbmv‡`exÕ, PÊx‡`ex I ÔwkeVvKziÕ-Gi c~RvP©Yv| c~‡e©B ejv n‡q‡Q †h, evsjv‡`‡ki cÖZ¨vš— A¸wji
Rbmgv‡Ri eyK †_‡K m„wó n‡q‡Q †jvKmvwnZ¨, †jvKMxwZ BZ¨vw`| Gme cÖZ¨vš— A‡ji RbmvaviY wQ‡jv
AZ¨vš— mnR-mij| Zviv wQ‡jv ag©fxi“| ZvB Zviv g‡b Ki‡Zv †h, gbmvi c~Rv w`‡q †`ex‡K mš‘ó ivL‡Z
cvi‡j mv‡ci nvZ n‡Z iv cvIqv hv‡e| Ijvwewe I kxZjv‡`exi c~Rv w`‡q Zuv‡`i mš‘ó ivL‡Z cvi‡j
K‡jiv Ges emš— †ivM n‡Z iv cvIqv hv‡e| kw³i cÖZxK PÊx‡`ex A_©vr gv-Kvjx‡K mš‘ó ivL‡j Ab¨‡`i
nvZ n‡Z iv cIqv hv‡e| km¨ Drcv`K I fv½vMovi †`eZv wke‡K mš‘ó ivL‡Z cvi‡j fv½Mov I `ywf©‡i
nvZ n‡Z iv cvIqv hv‡e| Gfv‡eB Bn‡jv‡K ¯^M©‡`eZv‡`i Avbqb K‡i cÖwZwôZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| ZviB `yÕGKwU
D`vniY wb‡æ cÖ`Ë n‡jv| †hgb:Ñ
1 : mc©vNvZcÖvß jwLb`i †eûjvi D‡Ï‡k¨ wejvc Ki‡Q:Ñ
IV IV I‡n wcÖqv KZ wb`ªv hvI|
Kvj bv‡M LvBj †gv‡i Pz †gwj PvI||
Zzwg †nb AfvwMbx bvwn wwZZ‡j|
AKvi‡Y iuvox nBjv LÊeªZ d‡j||
KZ LÊ Zc Zzwg ˆKjv ¸i“Zi|
‡m Kvi‡Y †Zvgv Qvwo hvq jx›`i||
gvI †mvbKv †gvi g„Z¨yK_v ïwb|
AwMœKzÊ Kwi gv‡q Z¨wR‡e civwb||
Avgvi gi‡Y gv‡q eo cv‡e Zvc|
cy·kv‡K gvI †gvi mvM‡i w`‡e Suvc||
Avgvi gi‡Y gvI nB‡e cvMj|
gvMwb nBqv gv‡q †eov‡e kni||
QqcyÎ cvmwij Avgv‡K †`wLqv|
‡Kg‡b aiv‡e `ytL gv N‡i iBqv||
‡LqvwZ ivwLj gv‡q msmvi Rywoqv|
gvq cy‡Î gwi‡eK wPZv‡Z cywoqv||
wPZv mvRvB‡e wbqv ¸Oixi Zx‡i|
Avgv m‡½ cwk‡e AwMœi gvSv‡i||
myKwe bvivqY †`‡ei mim cuvPvjx|

cqvi Qvwoqv GK ewje bvPvox||
2 : jwL›`‡ii g„Z¨y‡Z mZxj²x †eûjvi ¯^vgx †kv‡K KvZi Z-weZ ü`‡qi †iv`b Kwe Kvwj`v‡mi eY©bvq
my›`ifv‡e aiv c‡o‡Q| †hgb:Ñ
Kv‡›` evwjqv Kwiqv wejvc|
jjv‡U nvwbqv Ki A½ Gwo Abv`i
DcwRj welg mš—vc||
cwoqv f~wgi Z‡j fvwmj bqvb R‡j
‡aŠZ nBj D¾¡j KvRj||
cwo‡Q Avbb gv‡S ‡Rb †`wL wØR iv‡R
‡kvwfZ Ki‡q K‡jei||
kv³ c`vejx:
cyivKv‡j evsjvi ey‡K †h Ôkw³iÕ c~Rv-AP©Yv cÖPwjZ wQ‡jv Zv Avgiv kv³c`vejx ev kw³ mvab Z‡Ë¡ Abygvb
K‡i‡Z cvwi| †m mg‡q evsjvi gvbyl †cÖg-cÖxwZ, fv‡jvevmv, mngg©xZv I mn‡hvMxZvi †P‡q kw³ mvabv Ges
wRNvsmvi wb`vi“Y cÖe„wË ü`‡q †cvlY Ki‡Zb| GiB c~‡e© ˆeòe mvab Z‡Ë¡ Avgiv ch©‡eb K‡i _vwK †h,
Zuviv msmvi weivMx Rxeb hvÎv‡K Ava¨vwZ¥K mvabvi Rb¨ cÖvavb¨ w`‡q‡Qb †ekx| wKš‘ kw³ mvabvq Gi m¤ú~Y©
wecixZ w`KUvB cwijwZ n‡q _v‡K| kw³ mvaK‡`i g~j gš¿B n‡jv msmvi-Rxeb Ges ˆelwqK †fvMwejvwmZv|
Gi ZviYv ïay evB‡ii w`K †_‡KB Av‡mwb Gi cÖebZv G‡m‡Q Aš—‡ii Mfxi w`K †_‡K| hvi`i“b
GB wPš—vaviv‡K Avgiv †Kv‡bvfv‡eB D‡cv Ki‡Z cvwi bv| B‡Zvc~‡e© ˆeòe mvab Z‡Ë¡ Ges mgv‡Ri ey‡K
†h, ciKxqv I A‰ea †cÖ‡gi cÖmvi N‡UwQ‡jv hv µgvš^‡q mgv‡Ri eyK †_‡K gy‡Q wM‡q kw³i Drm gv-PÊx‡`ex
ev gv-Kvjxi ggZv I †ø‡ni Kv‡Q AvZ¥mgc©Y Ki‡jv| †Kbbv G mg‡q evsjvi ey‡K PjwQ‡jv bvbviƒc wbh©vZb,
wbt†®úlY I AivRKvZv| Zuv‡`i Aš—‡i Ggb wek¦v‡mi D`q n‡qwQ‡jv †h, GKgvÎ gvB cv‡ib Zv‡`i GB me
AivRKZv n‡Z my›`i Rxe‡bi mÜvb w`‡Z| ZvB kw³i mvaK Kwe ivgcÖmv`-Gi m„ó kv³ c`vejx I Mvb
mvaviY RbM‡Yi mvab-fRb-Gi Drm n‡q G‡Zv RbwcÖqZv jvf Ki‡jv †h, evsjvi N‡i-N‡i, gy‡L-gy‡L
SsK…Z n‡q gv I mš—v‡bi †øn-cÖxwZ-fv‡jvevmvi ev‡b †f‡m †M‡jv mKj KjylZv I gwjbZv| hvi †Rvqvi
GL‡bv evsjvi gvby‡li g‡b †`vjv w`‡q hvq| mvaKMY Zuv‡`i mvabvq, a¨vb-aviYvq gv‡qi †h, weg~Z©iƒc
†`L‡Z cvb Zv mwZ¨ fq¼ix I fqven| wZwb n‡jb k¥kvY-PvwiYx, bigyÊ-avwiYx, Zuvi GK nv‡Z LM© Ab¨ nv‡Z
big~Ê, GB i³wccvly fq¼ix I Afq`vwqYx iƒcB gvi kΓ msnv‡ii Dchy³ iƒc ev Kvqv|
1 : kv³MxwZKve¨ wnmv‡e ivg cÖmv‡`i ÒKvjxKxË©bÓ we‡kl DrK‡l©i `vwe iv‡L| evsjvi M„nv½‡b Rbbx Ges
Kb¨vi †ønwbweo m¤úK©‡K wZwb AwZ PgrKvifv‡e a‡i †i‡L‡Qb Zuvi wb‡æv³ c`wU‡Z:Ñ
wMwiei Avi Avwg cvwi bv‡n cÖ‡eva w`‡Z Dgv‡i|
Dgv †K‡` K‡i Awfgvb
bvwn K‡i ¯—bcvb,
bvwn Lvq xi bbx m‡i||
c~‡e©B ejv n‡q‡Q †h, kv³c`vejx iPbvi mg‡q ivR‰bwZK cwi‡ek wQ‡jv LyeB †Nvjv‡U| kvmK‡`i AZ¨vPv‡i
RbRxeb n‡q D‡VwQ‡jv `ywe©mn| hvi`i“Y kv³ KweMY kw³i c~Rvixiƒ‡c gv Kvjxi mvab-fRb ïi“ K‡ib|
ivgcÖmv‡`i Mv‡b Kvjxi fxlY-g~wZ©i Kv‡Q Dgvi evrmj¨i‡mi Kíbv evOvwji g‡b Rbbxi K‡Vvi I †Kvgj
iƒcwU cÖKU n‡q D‡V|
2 : msmv‡ii cÖwZKzj Ae¯’v, ivwóªq †Mv‡jv‡hvM AZ¨vPvi-wbh©vZ‡b RR©wiZ n‡q Kwe ivgcÖmv` gv‡qi Dci
Awfgvb K‡i Zuvi Kv‡e¨ †M‡q D‡Vb| †hgb:Ñ
gv gv e‡j Avi WvKe bv|
gv w`‡qQ, w`‡ZQ KZB hvZbv||

Avwg wQjvg M„nevmx, evbvwj mbœ¨vmx,
Avi wK gZv ivL G‡jv‡Kkx||
bv nq Øv‡i Øv‡i hve, wfv †g‡M Lve,
gv g'†j wK Zvi †Q‡j euv‡P bv||
ivgcÖmv` wQj †Mv gv‡qiB cyÎ|
gv n‡q nwj †Mv †Q‡jiB kΓ||
gv eZ©gv‡b G `ytL mš—v‡b,
gv †_‡K Zvi wK dj ej bv||
3 : gv‡qi cªwZ AwfgvbekZt Kwe `kiw_ ivg k¨vgv gv‡K Zuvi `yt†Li An¼vi-evZ©v ïwb‡q ‡h cuvPvwj wj‡Lb
Zvwi wKQy wb`k©b wb‡æ cÖ`Ë n‡jv| †hgb:Ñ
L‡ji ¯^fve Aš—‡i wel, gy‡L e‡j wgwó|
‡jvfxi ¯^fve wPiKvj ci`ª‡e¨ `„wó||
gvbxi ¯^fve, wbR `t†Li K_v c‡i Kb bv|
Awfgvbx †jv‡Ki ¯^fve, Zz”Q K_vq Kvbœv||
bvixi ¯^fve ¸ß K_v †c‡U ivLv `vq|
WvB‡bi ¯^fve †Q‡j †`L‡j Nb `„ó Pvq||
`vZvi ¯^fve ÔbvBÕ evK¨ bvwn gy‡L|
wnsmª‡Ki ¯^fve ci my‡L g‡i g‡bv`yt†L||
K…c‡Yi ¯^fve z`ª `„wó Lỳ wU a‡i Uv‡b|
evj‡Ki ¯^fve Lv`¨`ªe¨ †`eZv‡i bv gv‡b||
evZz‡ji ¯^fve wg‡Q K_vq Pvwi`Ê e‡K|
‰e‡`¨i ¯^fve wKQy wKQy An¼vi iv‡L||
R‡ji ¯^fve bxP we‡b DaŸ©Mvgx nq bv|
cvlv‡Yi ¯^fve kix‡i Kfy `qvgvqv iq bv||
ivgvB cwÊZ I k~b¨cyivY
k~b¨cyivY MÖš’Lvwb cÖvPxb evsjv-mvwn‡Z¨i GKwU KvjRqx MÖš’ wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ jvf K‡i‡Q, evsjv-mvwn‡Z¨i
we`» cwÊZ‡`i KvQ †_‡K| G MÖš’Lvwb ivgvB cwʇZi m„ó e‡jB cÖPwjZ n‡q Avm‡Q| ivgvB cwÊZ eªvþY
n‡qI mvivRxeb †eŠ×ag© I eªvþY¨ a‡g©i wgjb Kvgbv K‡i †M‡Qb| Zuvi e¨w³MZ Rxe‡b Ges Zuvi mvwnZ¨
iPbvi †‡Î †Kv_vI a‡g©i †Mvovgx cwijwZ nq wb| Zuvi iwPZ Ôag©c~Rv weavbÕ I Ôk~Y¨cyivYÕ MÖš’؇q
wbićbi i“®§vÕ ev ÔKvwjgv Rvj−vjÕ bv‡g GKUv Aa¨vq Av‡Q| †mLv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q †h, RvRcy‡ii c~e©w`K¯’
eªvþYMY ag©-DcvmK‡`i Dci AZ¨vPvi ïi“ Ki‡j Zvi cÖwZ‡kvav‡_© ag©VvKzi heb iƒc aviY K‡ib Ges
gymjgvb †ekavix Ab¨vb¨ †`e‡`exM‡Yi mnvqZvq RvRcyi aŸsm K‡ib| cvVK‡`i AeMwZi Rb¨ wb‡æv³
KweZvskUzKz Zz‡j †`Iqv n‡jv:Ñ
ag©‰nqv hebiƒcx wk‡i c‡i Kvj Uzcx
nv‡Z a‡i wÎKP Kvgvb|
Pvwcqv DËg nq wÎfye‡b jv‡M fq
‡Lv`vq ewjhv GK bvg||
wbiÄb wbivKvi ‰nj †f¯— AeZvi
gy‡L‡Z ej‡q `¤§v`vi|
h‡ZK †`eZvMY m‡f nq¨v GK gb
Avb‡›`‡Z cwijv BRvi||
eªþv ˆnj gnv¤§` weòz ˆnj †cKv¤^i
Av`g ˆnj k~jcvwb|
M‡Yk ˆnj KvRx KvwË©K ˆnj MvRx

dKxi ˆnj hZ gywb||
.... .... .... .... ....
Avcwb PwÊKv †`ex wZucy ˆnj nvqv wewe
cÙveZx nj¨v wewe byi|
h‡ZK †`eZvMY nq¨v m‡e GK gb
cÖ‡ek Kwij RvRcyi||
‡`Dj †`nviv fv‡O Kvo¨v wKo¨v Lvq i‡½
cvLo cvLo †ev‡j †evj|
awiqv a‡g©i cvq ivgvB cwÊZ Mvq
B eo welg MʇMvj||
WvK, Lbv, eªZK_v:
WvK:
evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i Avw`hy‡Mi Ab¨Zg wb`k©b †eŠ× WvKvY©e MÖ‡š’i g~j Av`‡k© †jLv Wv‡Ki ePb| †bcv‡ji
†Kv‡bv †eŠ× m¤cÖ`v‡qi wbKU †_‡K gnvg‡nvcva¨vq nicÖmv` kv¯¿x ÒWvKvY©eÓ MÖš’Lvwb Avwe®‹vi K‡i‡Qb|
Wv‡Ki eP‡bi g~jB n‡jv GB WvKvY©e MÖš’| WvKvY©e n‡jv †eŠ× MÖš’|
1 : Wv‡Ki eP‡b evsjvi M„n Ges M„wnYx m¤ú‡K© †h me mveavbevYx D”PvwiZ n‡q‡Q wb‡æ ZviB GKUv D`vniY
†`Iqv n‡jv| †hgb:Ñ
N‡i ¯^vgx evB‡i eB‡m|
Pvwi cv‡k Pv‡n gyPwK nv‡m||
‡nb ¯¿x‡q hvnvi evm|
Zvnvi †Kb Rxe‡bi Avk||
2 : we`» gbxlxMY aviYv K‡ib †h, ÔWvKvY©eÕ MÖš’Lvwb wLªw÷q `kg kZvãx‡Z cvj ivRM‡Yi mgq iwPZ n‡q
_vK‡e| ÔWvKvY©eÕ Zvwš¿K gnvhvb †eŠ× m¤cÖ`v‡qi Ab¨Zg kvLv eRªhvbx m¤cÖ`v‡qi iwPZ MÖš’| Wv‡Ki ePb
evsjv‡`‡ki RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q †hfv‡e Av‡jvob m„wó K‡i‡Q Zv‡Z Avgiv wbw`©avq ej‡Z cvwi †h, wZwb GKRb
gnvÁvbx mvaK wQ‡jb| ZLbKvi mgvR e¨e¯’v ch©‡eY K‡i wZwb †hme ePb mgv‡Ri mvg‡b Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb Zv
mwZ¨ cÖksmbxq| mgv‡Ri gvbyl Zrmg‡q wKiƒc †fvRb wejvmx wQ‡jv wb‡æ ewY©Z Zuvi eP‡b Zv g~Z© n‡q
D‡V‡Q| †hgbÑ
fvj `ªe¨ hLb cve|
KvwjKvi Rb¨ Zzwjqv bv †_ve||
`wa `y» Kwiqv †fvM|
Jla w`qv LÊve †ivM||
e‡j WvK GB msmvi|
Avc‡b gB‡j wK‡mi Avi||
Lbv :
ivRv weµgvw`‡Z¨i ivRZ¡Kvj wQ‡jv wLªw÷q PZz_© ev cÂg kZ‡K| Zrmg‡q ms¯‹…Z Kwe Kvwj`vm I
eivnwgwni ivRv weµgvw`‡Z¨i beiZœ mfvi Kwe wQ‡jb| Kw_Z Av‡Q Lbv wQ‡jb GB Kwe eiv‡ni cyÎea~ Ges
wgwni cZœx| wZwb LyeB we`ylx gwnjv wQ‡jb| evsjvi K…wlK‡g©i Dci †h mg¯— Z_¨ wZwb †i‡L †M‡Qb Zv evOvwj
g‡b we®§q Gi m„wó K‡i| Zuvi eP‡bi fvlv bvbv weeZ©‡bi ga¨ w`‡q iƒc cwë‡q‡Q ej‡j AZ¨yw³ n‡e bv|
†Kbbv ivRv weµgvw`‡Z¨i mg‡q wQ‡jv †MŠo Acåsk ev cÖvK…Z fvlv| Avi Avgiv Lbvi eP‡b †h fvlv †`wL Zv
Avw` hy‡Mi fvlv e‡j a‡i wb‡Z cvwi bv| hv †nvK wZwb †h, bvbv wel‡q evsjv I evsjvi RbMY‡K Zuvi ePb
Øviv DcK…Z K‡i †M‡Qb G K_v A¯^xKvi Kivi Dcvq †bB| cwÊZMY Zuvi Dc‡`kvejx¸wj‡K Pvifv‡M fvM
K‡i‡Qb| †hgbÑ K: K…wl-e¨vcv‡i cÖ_v Ges ms¯‹vi m¤úwK©Z: L: AvenvIqv-Ávb m¤úwK©Z: M: K…wl-e¨vcv‡i

dwjZ †R¨vwZlÁvb m¤úwK©Z Ges N: k‡m¨i hZœ m¤ú‡K© Dc‡`k| wb‡æ K‡qKUv D`vniY †`Iqv †M‡jv|
†hgb:Ñ
eªZK_v:
1 : ˆP‡Î Kzqv fv‡`ª evb|
b‡ii gyÊ MovMwo hvb||
2 : hw` e‡l© AvN‡b
ivRvq evi nq gvM‡b|
hw` e‡l© †cŠl
†g‡M bv cvq Z‚l|
hw` e‡l© gv‡Ni †kl
ab¨ ivRvi c~Y¨ †`k|
3 : Avlv‡pi cÂw`‡b †ivc‡q †h avb|
my‡L _v‡K K…wlej evo‡q m¤§vb||
4 : c~wY©gv Agvek¨vq †h a‡i nvj|
Zuvi `ytL wPiKvj||
Zvi ej‡`i nq evZ|
N‡i Zvi bv _v‡K fvZ||
Lbv e‡j Avgvi evYx|
†h P‡l Zvi n‡e nvwb||
5 : ïb evcy Pvlvi †eUv|
euv‡ki Sv‡o w`I av‡bi wPUv||
w`‡j wPUv euv‡ki †Mv‡o|
`yB Kzov fuyB evo‡e Sv‡o||
evsjvi wn›`y igYxMY cyivKv‡j bvbv iƒc eªZ cvjb Ki‡Zb Zuv‡`i msmvi Ges cwiev‡ii †jvKRb‡`i g½j
Kvgbv‡_©| GB eªZK_v¸wj eû cÖvPxbKvj †_‡K wn›`y bvixMY †g‡b Pj‡Zb Ges Zuviv bvbv †`e‡`exi weMÖn
ˆZix K‡i c~RvP©Yv K‡i cÖkvwš— †eva Ki‡Zb| G me eªZK_v Avw`hy‡Mi evsjvi mgvR-Rxe‡bi ¯§„wZ enb
Ki‡Q| G n‡ZB evsjvi g½jKv‡e¨i m„wó nq e‡j A‡bK cwÊZMY gZ †cvlb K‡i Avm‡Qb| PwÊg½jKve¨B
Gi cÖgvY| †hme †`e‡`ex wb‡q eªZK_vi m„wó Zuv‡`i bvg n‡”Q _yqv, jvDj, fv`ywj, †muRywZ BZ¨vw`| GQvov
myh©VvKzi I wkeVvKzi G¸‡jvi m‡½ IZ‡cÖvZfv‡e RwoZ Av‡Qb|
_yqv : mvsmvwiK Afve AbUb †_‡K gyw³ Ges mš—vb-mš—wZ Kvgbvq _yqv †`eZvi c~Rv Kiv n‡Zv| Gm‡ei fvlv
wQ‡jv LyeB cÖvPxb| †hgbÑ
_y _y _yqwš—|
AvNY gv‡mi Rqvwš—||
jvDj : K…wl wekqK †`eZv|
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Rjc‡_i K_v GRvZxq eªZK_vi gva¨‡g A‡bKUv eySv hvq| fv`ªgv‡m G †`exi c~Rv †`Iqv nq e‡j †`exi
bvg n‡q‡Q fv`yjx|

‡muRywZ : evsjvi wn›`y Kzgvix Kb¨v we‡qi Av‡M †muRywZ-eªZ cvjb Ki‡Zv| hv‡Z Zv‡`i weevwnZv Rxeb my‡Li
nq| Gme eªZK_vi fvlv AwZ cÖvPxb I `y‡e©va¨Zv wQ‡jv| Kv‡ji weeZ©‡b Gi `y‡e©va¨Zv KvwU‡q mnR‡eva¨
n‡jI cÖvPxb‡Z¨i wb`k©b GL‡bv `„wó‡MvPi nq|
evsjv †jvK mvwnZ¨:
cyivKv‡j gvbyl hLb `j‡e‡a e‡b-R½‡j,Mv‡Qi Wv‡j gvPv ˆZix K‡i emevm Ki‡Zv ZLb †_‡KB Zviv
gyLw`‡q bvbviƒc kã K‡i, A½fw½ K‡i, †MvjvKv‡i `uvwo‡q b„Z¨ cwi‡ekb Ki‡Zv| ïK‡bv Kv‡V Kv‡V VyKvVywK
K‡i, cv_‡i cv_‡i VyKvVywK K‡i, cÎ-cj−‡e ˆZix euvwk evwR‡q Zviv b„‡Z¨i Zvj eRvq ivL‡Zv| Ggwb K‡i
K‡i weeZ©‡bi ga¨w`‡q GwM‡q Avm‡Z Avm‡Z gvbyl Av‡¯— Av‡¯— K_v ej‡Z wkL‡jv, µgvš^‡q Zviv Q›`vKv‡i
K_vejv, Mvbeuvav, MvbMvIqv wkL‡jv Ges †m¸wj RbM‡Yi gy‡L gy‡L GKRb n‡Z Ab¨R‡b, GK‡MvÎ †_‡K
Ab¨‡Mv‡Î, GK‡Mvôx n‡Z Ab¨‡Mvôx‡Z, GK mgvR †_‡K Ab¨ mgv‡R cÖweó n‡q RbM‡Yi gv‡S Qwo‡q
co‡jv| †jv‡Ki gy‡L gy‡L G Mvb MxZ n‡Zv e‡j Bnv‡K ejv n‡q _v‡K †jvKMxwZ| Kve¨Muv_v, AvL¨vb-
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gy‡L MxZ I Ave„Ë n‡Zv e‡j G‡K ejv n‡q _v‡K †jvKmvwnZ¨| GKR‡bi AvPvo-AvPob, fvefw½, Pjb-ejb
BZ¨vw` gyL †_‡K gy‡L, †jvK †_‡K †jv‡K, mgvR †_‡K mgv‡R AbycÖweó n‡q gvby‡li Rxe‡b †Quvqv w`‡q,
gbyl¨-RvwZi ms¯‹vi mva‡b mg n‡q‡Q e‡j G‡K ejv nq †jvK ms¯‹…wZ|
eyw×Rxwe I mywamgv‡R †jvKmvwn‡Z¨i †Zgb GKUv K`i †`Lv bv †M‡jI evsjv‡`‡ki kZKiv 80 fvM gvbylB
†jvKmvwnZ¨Ñ‡jvKMxwZi f³| ZvB †jvKmvwnZ¨ ‡jvKmgv‡Ri m„wó ej‡j G‡ZvUzKz AZ¨yw³ n‡e bv| wjwLZ
AvaywbK mvwnZ¨ †jvKmvwn‡Z¨i Kv‡Q we‡klfv‡e Fwb| †Kbbv †jvKmvwn‡Z¨i AvL¨vb-DcvL¨vb, Kve¨-KweZv
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wjwLZ mvwn‡Z¨i AvL¨vb-DcvL¨vb, Kve¨-KweZv, wKm&mv-Kvwnbx BZ¨vw`i Aej¤^‡b wbR fvÊvi c~Y© K‡i
wb‡q‡Q| †hgb,Ñ ivgvqY, fvMer, gnvfviZ, kªxK…òKxZ…b, ˆeòc`vejx, bv_mvwnZ¨, kv³c`vejx, g½jKve¨,
WvK, Lbv I eªZK_v BZ¨vw` Ges Qov, eª‡Zi Mvb, †g‡qwjMvb, Rvwi Mvb, mvwi Mvb, K…wlwelqK Mvb, NvUz Mvb,
evigvmx Mvb, †e‡`i Mvb, cUzqvi Mvb, auvav, cvjvMvb ev MxwZKv BZ¨vw` AviI A‡bK| evsjvi mgvR Rxe‡b
Gm‡ei g~j¨ Acwimxg| evsjv‡`‡ki †jvKmvwn‡Z¨i g‡a¨ Ògqgbwmsn MxwZKvÓ I Òc~e©e½ MxwZKvÓ †kªô¯’vb
AwaKvi K‡i Av‡Q| evsjv‡`‡ki wmsnfvM gvby‡li aviYv †jvKmvwnZ¨ mgv‡Ri †jvKg~‡LB MxZ n‡q gvby‡li
Aš—‡iB jy°vwqZ _v‡K| K_vUv AvswkK mZ¨ n‡jI cy‡ivcywifv‡e mZ¨ bq| GB †jvKmvwnZ¨B eZ©gvbKv‡j
†jv‡Ki gyL I Aš—i †_‡K KvM‡Ri ey‡K wjwLZfv‡e ¯’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q| G‡Z Avgiv Avkvev`x †h, Avgiv bv
_vK‡jI Avgv‡`i G mvwnZ¨ KvM‡Ri cvZvq MÖš’vKv‡i †eu‡P _vK‡e|
evsjv‡`‡ki mgvRRxeb‡K hw` `yÕwU avivq wef³ Kiv hvq Zvn‡j GKwU‡Z Av‡Q K…wlwbf©i mgvRe¨e¯’v Ges
Ab¨wU‡Z wkíwbf©i mgvRe¨e¯’v| K…wlwbf©i mgvRRxe‡b †jvKmvwn‡Z¨i Abyfe K…wlwel‡qi jvf-‡jvKmv‡bi
wewfbœ Dc‡`kvZ¥K cÖev` cÖeP‡bi g‡a¨ wbwnZ| GQvov G RvZxq †jvKmvwn‡Z¨ gvVNv‡Ui ivLvwjqv my‡ii
e¨Äbv I b`-b`x‡Z fvmgvb †bŠKv †_‡K gvwS gvj−vi KÉwbtm„Z gbD`vmx evwUqvj-my‡ii iƒcg~Q©bv HwZn¨evnx
†jvK m½x‡Zi avivwU‡K mÄxweZ K‡i †Zv‡j| cÖengvb b`xi eyK †_‡K †f‡m Av‡m gvwS‡`i MvIqv fvwUqvjxi
myi| †hgb:Ñ
A_vevÑ
Zix fvU¨vq mq Avi DRvq bv
gb gvwS †Zvi ˆeVv †b †i
Avwg Avi evB‡Z cvijvg bv|
K‚‡j K‚‡j Nywiqv †eovq Avwg
cvBbv Nv‡Ui wVKvbv
Wye w`jvg bv|
GB Mv‡b, GB my‡i †q, ïay cj−xgv‡qi ‡ønkxZj cªK…wZi myiB †f‡m †eov‡”Q Zv wKš‘ bq| G‡Z i‡q‡Q
Ava¨vwZ¥K ZË¡ I Z_¨ Ges †`nZ‡Ë¡i Ava¨vwZ¥K myi| gvwSiƒcx gvbe mviv Rxebfi †bŠKv †e‡q, K‚‡j K~‡j

Ny‡i, cvBj bv †m Nv‡Ui wVKvbv, †k‡li †Lqvq cv †i‡LI †m Zuvi (Ck¦‡ii) mÜvb bv †c‡q Zuvi (Ck¦‡ii) Kv‡Q
AvZ¥mgc©Y Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡jv|
evsjv‡`‡ki †jvKmvwnZ¨‡K Hk¦h© I cÖvPzh©gwÊZ K‡i‡Qb ZrKvjxb KweMY bvbv Kve¨-MxwZKv I DcvL¨vb
iPbv K‡i| wb‡æ cÖ`Ë gqgbwmsn MxwZKv n‡Z 2 wU Ges c~e©e½ MxwZKv n‡Z 1 wU D`vniY †`Iqv n‡jv|
†hgb:Ñ
K¼ I jxjvq:Ñ
fv`ª gv‡mi Pvwbœ †hgb †`Lvq Mv‡½i Zjv|
e„Z‡j †M‡j Kb¨v e„Zj Avjv||
gûqv MxwZKvq:Ñ
mv‡c †hgyb cvBj gwY wcqvmx cvBj Rj|
cÙ dz‡ji gay LvB‡Z fgiv cvMj||
‡fjyqv my›`ix cvjvq:Ñ
‡mB Nv‡U Avwm‡i †fvjv `„wó Kwi Pvq|
AvKv‡ki P›`ª †hb †i Nv‡U †`Lv hvq||
GK P›`ª D‡V Rvwb †i c~e© cwðg av‡i|
AvRy †Kb †`wL †i P›`ª `wiqvi wKbv‡i||
MxwZKv¸‡jv‡Z †Kej †cÖ‡gi wPÎB gyL¨ ¯’vb AwaKvi K‡i wb, G¸‡jv‡Z cÖK…wZ I gvbe g‡bi m¤úK©wU wbweo
GKvZ¥Z¨ jvf K‡i‡Q| cÖK…wZi mü`q mn‡hvMxZvq gvbeü`‡qi M~p inm¨ I gvbe‡`‡ni iƒcjve‡Y¨i Giƒc
PgrKvi ùziY MÖvg¨ Kwei wPÎY-gZvi cwiPq enb K‡i| MxwZKv¸‡jvi fvlv hZB mnR I Abvo¤^i †nvK bv
†Kb, G¸‡jv †hgb Kwei mRxe Kíbvi cwievnK †Zgwb Zuvi Kve¨fvebv I KweZ¡kw³i cwiPvqK|
ÔAvRjKvRj †gNÕ Ô`vMj `xNj †KkÕ ÔAvMj WvMj AvuwLÕ BZ¨vw` kãm¤¢vi gqgbwmsnMxwZKv I
c~e©e½MxwZKvi mg„w× evwo‡q‡Q|
be¨-hy‡Mi AvaywbK evsjv fvlv
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gvZv-wcZvgn µ‡g e‡½‡Z emwZ|
‡`kx fvlv Dc‡`k gvb wnZ AwZ||
‡`k~ fvlv we`¨v N‡i g‡b b Ryivq|
wbR †`k Z¨vwM †Kb we‡`‡k b hvqÓ||
‡mKvj Avi GKvj Zv †hKvjB †nvK bv †K‡bv, evOvwj Zvi gv‡qi fvlvq K_v eÕ‡j †h, AvZ¥Z…wß Dcjwä K‡i
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evOvwj Zvi fvlv I wb‡R‡`i Aw¯—Z¡ iv‡_© ey‡Ki i³ †X‡j w`‡Z G‡ZvUzKz wØav†eva K‡i wb|
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Avkxe©`cyó n‡q †hme evOvwj †RvZ`vi, Rwg`vi, Amr e¨emvqx wb‡R‡`i ¯^v_© PwiZv_© Kivi Rb¨ bxwin
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i³v¤^i ci gv Gevi
R¡Õ‡j cy‡o hvK †k¦Z-emb|
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ev‡R Zievwi Sbb&-Sb&|
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R¡vj †m_v R¡vj Kvj wPZv|
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mªóvi ey‡K jvj wdZv|
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Pµ gv †Zvi †ng KuvKb|
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Mj-nvi †nvK bxj duvwm,
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nvm Lj Lj, `vI KiZvwj,
ej ni ni k¼i|
AvR nÕ‡Z gv †Mv Amnvq mg
xY µ›`b m¤^i|
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ZvB †Zv Avgv‡`i wRÁvm¨ wZwb Kx ïayB we‡`ªvnx Kwe Dˇi ejv hvq bv| huvi Aš—i ci`yt†_ KvZi nq, huvi
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..... ..... ..... ..... .....
eÜz †Mv †h‡qv fy‡jÑ
cÖfv‡Z †h n‡e evwm, mܨvq †i‡Lv bv †m dzj Zz‡j!
Dce‡b Ze †dv‡U †h †Mvjvc Ñ cÖfv‡ZB Zzwg RvwMÕ
Rvwb, Zvi Kv‡Q hvI ïay Zvi MÜ-mylgv jvwMÕ|
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‡`L bvB Zv‡i!Ñwgjb-gvjvi dzj PvwnqvQ Zzwg,
Zzwg †LwjqvQ evRvBqv †gvi †e`bvi SzgSzwg!
fy‡jv †gvi Mvb, wK n‡e jBqv GBUzKz cwiPq,
Avwg ïay Ze K‡Éi nvi, ü`‡qi †Kn bq!
Rvbv‡qv Avgv‡i, hw` Av‡m w`b, GBUzKz ïay hvwPÑ
KÉ cviv‡q n‡qwQ †Zvgvi ü`‡qi KvQvKvwQ!
(PµevK)
gigx Kwei gigxqv Mvb,
ü`q Mnx‡b Zz‡j‡Q Zvb,
Avgvi g‡Zv wb‡e©va cÖvYÑ
‡Kg‡b †Mv Zvnv eywS
wein hvZ‡b R¡wj‡Q hviv,
ZvB ïay Zv‡`i‡KB LuywR!
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evsjv| ZvB Kwe bRi“‡ji g‡Zv Zuv‡KI GB bvwZ`xN© iPbvq a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ G‡ZvUzKy KzÉv‡eva Kwi wb| Kwe
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h‡ZvUzKz †i‡L †M‡Qb Zv Ab¨ Kv‡iv Øviv m¤¢e nqwb| †hw`‡KB Avgiv AMÖmi n‡Z PvB †mw`‡KB Zuvi c`PviYv
†`L‡Z cvB| †Kv_vI G‡ZvUzKz dvK Luy‡R cvIqv hvq bv| ZvB AvwgI G-iPbv‡Z Kwe mgªvU ¸i“‡`e‡K †U‡b
Avbvi a„óZv ‡_‡K wb‡R‡K AveWv‡jB ivLjvg| GLb Kwe Rxebvb‡›`i iƒcmx evsjv †_‡K K‡qKUv PiY Zz‡j
aiwQ weÁ cvVK mgv‡Ri Rb¨| †hgbÑ
GK :
evsjvi gyL Avwg †`wLqvwQ, ZvB Avwg c„w_exi iƒc
LuywR‡Z hvB bv Avi; AÜKv‡i †R‡M D‡V Wygy‡ii Mv‡Q
‡P‡q †`wL QvZvi gZb eo cvZvwUi wb‡P e‡m Av‡Q
‡fv‡ii `‡qjcvwLÑPvwi w`‡K †P‡q †`wL cj−‡ei ¯Z‚c
RvgÑeUÑKuvVv‡jiÑwnR‡jiÑAk‡Ìi K‡i Av‡Q Pzc;
dYxgbmvi †Sv‡c kwUe‡b Zvnv‡`i Qvqv cwoqv‡Q;
gayKi wWOv †_‡K bv Rvwb †m K‡e Puv` P¤úvi Kv‡Q
GgbB wnRjÑeUÑZgv‡ji bxj Qvqv evsjvi Aciƒc iƒc
‡`‡LwQj; †eûjvI GKw`b MvOy‡oi R‡j †fjv wb‡qÑ
K…òv Øv`kxi †RvQbv hLb gwiqv †M‡Q b`xi PovqÑ
‡mvbvwj av‡bi cv‡k AmsL¨ A¤^Ì eU †`‡LwQj, nvq,
k¨vgvi big Mvb ï‡bwQjÑGKw`b Agivq wM‡q
wQbœ LÄbvi g‡Zv hLb †m †b‡PwQj B‡›`ªi mfvq
evsjvi b`x gvV fuvUdzj NyOy‡ii g‡Zv Zvi †Ku‡`wQj cvq|

`yB :
Avevi Avwme wd‡i avbwmwowUi Zx‡iÑGB evsjvq
nq‡Zv gvbyl bqÑnq‡Zv ev k•LwPj kvwj‡Li †e‡k;
nq‡Zv †fv‡ii KvK n‡q GB KvwZ©‡Ki bev‡bœi †`‡k
Kzqvkvi ey‡K †f‡m GKw`b Avwme G KuvVvjQvqvq;
nq‡Zv ev nuvm neÑwK‡kvixiÑNyOyi iwn‡e jvj cvq,
mviv w`b †K‡U hv‡e Kjwgi MÜ fiv R‡j †f‡m †f‡m;
Avevi Avwme Avwg evsjvi b`x gvV †Z fv‡jv‡e‡m
Rjv½xi †XD‡q †fRv evsjvi G meyR Ki“Y WvOvq;
nq‡Zv †`wL‡e †P‡q mỳ k©b Dwo‡Z‡Q mܨvi evZv‡m;
nq‡Zv ïwb‡e GK j²x‡cuPv WvwK‡Z‡Q wkgy‡ji Wv‡j;
nq‡Zv LB‡qi avb Qov‡Z‡Q wkï GK DVv‡bi Nv‡m;
iƒcmvi ‡Nvjv R‡j nq‡Zv wK‡kvi GK kv`v †Quov cv‡j
wWOv evqÑivOv †gN muvZiv‡q AÜKv‡i Avwm‡Z‡Q bx‡o
‡`wL‡e aej eK; Avgv‡iB cv‡e Zzwg Bnv‡`i wf‡oÑ
eZ©gvb cÖR‡b¥i Kwe myeªZ AMvwób †Mv‡gR we‡ivwPZ KweZv-MÖš’ ÒZbyga¨vÓ-i Zvgvw` KweZvi K‡qKwU PiY
cvVK-cvwVKv‡`i gbićbi Rb¨ Zz‡j aiv nÕ‡jv| hv Avw` Ph©vc` I eZ©gvb AvaywbK KweZvi µgweeZ©‡bi
aviv m~wPZ Ki‡e| †hgb,Ñ
GKevi kL n‡jv exR †f‡O wfZ‡i ZvKvBt
Zv‡ZB Ab_©cvZ, GLv‡b hv PvB Zv ‡Zv bvB!
‡cÊjvg dYv †`v‡j KuvPv-cvKv `yB AÜKv‡i;
wUwK Lvov n‡q hvq AwMœkg©v Zvjy‡Z Avgvi|
Av‡jv dzu‡o D‡o G‡jv Rbv wZb D`vi cyi“l-
GKRb †Pv‡L w`‡jv myig myigv-wZbw`‡K
Bnv Av‡jv bv A›`Kvi-¸‡j M¨v‡jv mKjÕ n`xm;
ZLb Av‡iKRb a~‡q w`‡jv cw_K PiY,
f~wg‡Z mUvb ï‡q AZci n‡q M¨v‡jv c_;
‡evPuKvq K¤^j w`‡jv, nv‡Z jvwV, Z…Zxq cyi“l,
Ges Avgvi hvÎv ivZivZ AM‡¯—vi wc‡Q|
‡gi“w`b _v‡g †gi“iv‡Zi †÷k‡b-wZbRb
‡b‡gB Mv-XvKv w`‡jv ZvjZvj Kwé AeZv‡i|
A‡bK `yt¯^cœ †n‡U ey‡S hvB wW¤^vKvi me,
Avcb †evwai Z‡j †R‡M DwV `yiš— gbmyiexR
fvwO-wb‡R‡KB Luy‡R cvB ex‡Ri wfZi|
gvbyl Avgiv| hZB kw³kvjx nB bv †K‡bv, Avgiv GKUv MwÊi †fZiB ågY Kwi, GKUv e„‡Ëi †fZiB i‡q‡Q
Avgv‡`i mxgv| †m mxgv Avgiv AwZµg Ki‡Z cvwi bv| hZB Avgiv mxgv †Q‡o Amx‡gi mÜv‡b AMÖmi nB,
NywY©cv‡K NyicvK †L‡Z †L‡Z †PvL †g‡j †`wL, †mB e„‡Ëi g‡a¨B i‡q‡Q Avgv‡`i †K›`ª, mxgvi gv‡SB mxwgZ
i‡q‡Q Avgv‡`i ågY, Dcvq †bB †m mxgvi †e÷bx †ea K‡i †ewo‡q hvevi| ïay e„Ë †bB Zuvi, mxgv †bB Zuvi,
whwb Amxg, huvi wb‡qvwZZ‡š¿ euvav G-fyeY| Avgiv Zuvi Kim~Îa„ZcyËwjKv gvÎ|

Kv‡ji cwiµgvq
evsjv‡`kÑevOvwj I evsjvfvlv
( 2q: ce© )
fvlv Av‡›`vjb
mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© evsjv fvlvi Av‡›`vjb nÕ‡qwQ‡jv `yÕ`dvq| cÖ_g : 1948 mv‡ji †g gv‡m Ges wØZxq evi
1952 mv‡ji †deª“qvwi gv‡m| 1948 mv‡ji 21 †k gvP© cÖ_g I †kl ev‡ii g‡Zv wRbœvn& mv‡ne XvKv Av‡mb
Ges H w`bB †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b fvlY `vb Kv‡j wZwb †NvlYv †`b †h,Ñ ÒD`©y, Ges GKgvÎ D`©yB nÕ‡e cvwK¯—
v‡bi ivóªfvlvÓ| cÖwZev‡` XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎiv Ô‡bvÕ- eÕ‡j wPrKvi KÕ‡i D‡V Ges mv‡_ mv‡_ mviv
gq`vb Ô‡bvÕ- Ô‡bvÕ- Ô‡bvÕ aŸwb‡Z cÖKw¤úZ nÕ‡q D‡V| RbZvi †m `ye©vi MR©‡b †mw`b wRbœvn mv‡ne f‡K© hvb
Ges ZwoNwo mfv †kl KÕ‡i †mLvb †_‡K †K‡U c‡ob| Gi ci 24†k gvP© KvR©b n‡j AbywôZ XvKv
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi mgveZ©b Drm‡e cÖavb AwZw_i fvlY `vb Kv‡j wZwb AveviI †NvlYv Ki‡jb,Ñ Ôevsjv fvlv
Av‡›`vj‡bi wcQ‡b cÂgevwnbxi nvZ i‡q‡QÕ myZivs D`©yB n‡e cvwK¯—v‡bi ivóªfvlv| ZLbB QvÎiv Ô‡bvÕ-Ô‡bvÕ-
Ô‡bvÕ eÕ‡j wPrKvi ïi“ K‡ib Ges n‡ji mevB gvigy‡Lv nÕ‡q D‡Vb| Qv·`i Gai‡Yi g‡bvfv‡e wRbœvn mv‡ne
nZf¤^ nÕ‡q c‡ob| ejv evûj¨ †h, GLvb †_‡KB ïi“ nq evsjvi fvlv I ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg|
1948 mv‡ji 11 B †m‡Þ¤^vi wRbœvni g„Z¨yi ci LvRv bvwRgDwÏb cvwK¯—v‡bi bqv cÖavbgš¿x nÕ‡jb| Ges
Rbve byi“j Avwgb mv‡ne c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b bvwRgDwχbi ¯’jvwfwl³ nÕ‡jb| 1952 mv‡ji 26 †k Rvbyqvwi LvRv
mv‡ne XvKvi cëb gq`v‡bi GK Rbmfvq Gg‡g© †NvlYv Ki‡jb †h, ÒD`©yB n‡e cvwK¯—v‡bi GKgvÎ
ivóªfvlvÓ| G‡Z mgMÖ c~e©e‡½ QvÎmgv‡Ri g‡a¨ gvivZ¥K cÖwZwµqvi m„wó nÕ‡jv| Ges GiB †cÖw‡Z XvKvi
evi jvB‡eªix‡Z MwVZ nÕ‡jv Òme©`jxq ivóªfvlv Kg©cwil`Ó| †mw`b GB Kg©cwil` 21 †k †deª“qvwi‡K
Òivóªfvlv w`emÓ wn‡m‡e †NvlYv Ki‡jb| †Kbbv Hw`b c~e©e½ e¨ve¯’vcK cwil‡`i ev‡RU Awa‡ekb ïi“
nIqvi Rb¨ avh© nÕ‡qwQ‡jv|
1947 mv‡ji 17B †g Zvwi‡L AbywôZ GK D`©y m‡¤§j‡b wbwLj fviZ gymwjg jxM IqvwK©s KwgwUi m`m¨ Rbve
†PŠayix Lv‡jKz¾vgvb me©cÖ_g †NvlYv †`b, D`©yB n‡e cvwK¯—v‡bi GKgvÎ ivóªfvlv| GiB †cÖw‡Z 1947
mv‡ji 29 †k RyjvB Ávb-Zvcm W±i gyn¤§` knx`yj−vn ‰`wbK AvRv` cwÎKvq cvwK¯—v‡bi Òfvlv mgm¨vÓ
wk‡ivbv‡g GKUv cÖeÜ wj‡LwQ‡jb| Zvi gg© nÕ‡jv GB,ÑÒcvwK¯—v‡bi AwaKvsk Rb‡Mvwôi gvZ…fvlv evsjv
nIqvi Rb¨ evsjv‡KB cvwK¯—v‡bi ivóªfvlv Ki‡Z n‡e| Ôhw` Gi c‡iI Ab¨‡Kv‡bv fvlv‡K ivóªfvlv wn‡m‡e
¯^xK…wZ `v‡bi K_v D‡V ïay Zv nÕ‡jB D`©yi K_v wPš—v Kiv †h‡Z cv‡iÓ| 1947 mv‡ji †k‡li w`‡K cvwK¯—v‡bi
Z`vbxš—bKv‡ji evOvwj †K›`ªxq wkvgš¿x Rbve dRjyi ingvb D`©y‡KB cvwK¯—v‡bi ivóªfvlv wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ
`v‡bi mycvwik I Zv Kvh©Kix Kivi Rb¨ miKv‡ii Kv‡Q `vex Rvbvb| G‡Z XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Qv·`i g‡a¨
e¨cK cÖwZwµqvi m„wó nq| Ges W±i gyn¤§` knx`yj−vn Òc~e©cvwK¯—v‡bi fvlv mgm¨vÓ wk‡ivbv‡g AviI GKwU
wbeÜ wj‡Lb hv 1947 mv‡ji 21†k wW‡m¤^vi ˆ`wbK AvRv‡` cÖKvwkZ nq| wZwb wj‡Lb,Ñ Òhvnviv evsjv
fvlv‡K Qvwoqv wKsev evsjvi ¯‹zj-K‡j‡Ri wkvi gva¨g (wgwWqv) iƒ‡c A_ev evsjv‡`‡ki AvBb-Av`vj‡Z
e¨envh© fvlv iƒ‡c D`©yi c‡ IKvjwZ Kwi‡Z‡Q, Avwg Zvnvw`M‡K KvÛÁvbnxb cwÛZg~L© wfbœ Avi wKQyB g‡b
Kwi‡Z cvwi bvÓ| G‡Z Avgiv ¯úóB Dcjwã Ki‡Z cvwi †h, D`©y‡K ivóªfvlv iƒ‡c cÖwZwôZ Kivi cwiKíbv
cwðg cvwK¯—vbx AevOvwj‡`i eû-c~e© cwiKíxZ wQ‡jv| ZvB cvwK¯—vb m„wói mv‡_ mv‡_B evOvwj‡`i Dci
Zv‡`i ˆegvÎxq-myjf AvPiY we‡kl jbxq|
gnvb GKz‡ki NUbvejx
c~e© cwiKíbv Abyhvqx 21 ‡k †deª“qvwi me©vZ¥K niZvj cvj‡bi e¨vcv‡i QvÎiv wQ‡jb a„p cÖwZÁ| 20 †k
†deª“qvwi gymwjg jxM miKvi XvKvq 144 aviv Rvwi K‡ib| m‡½ m‡½ mKj QvÎvevm cÖwZev` gyLi nÕ‡q D‡V|
me©`jxq ivóªfvlv Kg©-cwil‡`i †bÎxeM© 144 aviv f½ bv Kivi wm×vš— †bb Ges GB g‡g© †NvlYv †`b †h, Gi

wecwiZ wm×vš— nUKvwiZvi mvwgj nÕ‡e I c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi AvMvgx Mbcwil‡`i wbe©vPb e¨nZ n‡e| wKš‘
we‡ivax QvÎ †bZviv Zuv‡`i G wb‡`©k D‡cv KÕ‡i 144 aviv f‡½i wm×v‡š— AUj _v‡Kb| Kz‡nwjKv †Niv
hvwgbxi nvo Kuvcv‡bv kxZ‡K D‡cv KÕ‡i Zuviv nj msjMœ cyKzi cv‡o Db¥y³ AvKv‡ki wb‡P e‡m Ri“ix GK
mfvq 21ÕGi Kg©m~wP cÖbqb K‡ib| Zuviv me©m¤§wZµ‡g wb‡æv³ wm×v‡š— DcbxZ nb| (K) : GK mv‡_ †Kv‡bv
weivU wgwQj evi Kiv hv‡e bv| †Kbbv Zv fxlY SzwKc~Y© n‡e| `k Rb KÕ‡i GK GK MÖ“‡c `dvq `dvq 144
aviv f½ Kiv nÕ‡e Ges †Kv‡bv iKg cÖwZev` bv KÕ‡i †m”Qvq †Mªßvi eiY Kiv n‡e| (L) : 21 †k ‡deª“qvwi
wVK †ejv 11 Uv nÕ‡Z 144 aviv f½ ïi“ n‡e|
1952Õi 21 ‡k †deª“qvwi| cÖvq `k nvRvi QvÎ-QvÎxi GKÎ mgv‡ek| Òivóªfvlv evsjv PvBÓ †k−vMv‡b AvKvk
evZvm gyLixZ| Nwoi KvUv wUK& wUK& KÕ‡i GwM‡q Pj‡Q wbiew”Qbœ MwZ‡Z| †ejv 11 Uv evRvi ms‡KZ aŸwb|
ïi“ nÕ‡jv G‡Ki ci GK `kÕRwb wgwQj| 144 aviv f½| QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i Ici ïi“ nÕ‡jv cywj‡ki jvwVPvR©,
wUqvi M¨vm Ges †Mªßvi| cywjwk wbh©vZb wKQyY mn¨ Kivi ci QvÎivI gvigy‡Lv nÕ‡q DV‡jv| ïi“ nÕ‡jv e„wói
g‡Zv BóK wb‡c| †ejv `Õy‡Uvi w`‡K Ae¯’vi we‡kl AebwZ NU‡jv| Qv·`i BóK el©‡Y cywjk evwnbx Avi
`uvwo‡q _vK‡Z cvi‡Q bv| QvÎRbZv ZLb G‡Zv gvigy‡Lv n‡qwQ‡jv †h, wUqvi M¨v‡mi ZvRv †kj¸wj aÕ‡i Zviv
cywj‡ki w`‡K Qy‡o gvi‡Z G‡ZvUzKz wØav‡eva K‡iwb| Ae¯’vi GgwbZi AebwZ †`‡L gymwjg jxM miKv‡ii
AevOvwj ‡Rjv g¨vwR‡÷ªU †Kv‡ikxi wb‡`©kµ‡g ‡Kv‡bv iKg ûwkqvix ms‡KZ bv w`‡qB †ejv wVK 3Uv 10wg:
Gi mgq wbi¯¿ QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i Ici ïi“ nÕ‡jv cywj‡ki ¸wj el©Y| evsjvi ey‡K N‡U †M‡jv GK bwRi wewnY
NUbv| gv‡qi fvlvi Aw¯—Z¡ iv‡_© GB me©cÖ_g i³ `vb| `vgvj QvÎiv Zuv‡`i ey‡Ki i³ †X‡j w`‡q wek¦we‡eK‡K
PgwKZ KÕ‡i w`‡jv|
†m w`b me©‡gvU K‡Zv Rb QvÎ-RbZv cÖvY w`‡qwQ‡jb Zvi †Kv‡bv mwVK cwimsL¨vb †bB| ‡Kbbv cywjkevwnbx
†mw`b cywjk-f¨v‡b A‡bK jvk Zz‡j wb‡q wM‡qwQ‡jv hvi †Kv‡bv mÜvb AvR ZK wg‡j wb| ïay `yÕ‡Uv
jvk QvÎiv wb‡q wM‡qwQ‡jv nvmcvZvj g‡M© Ges AvnZ‡`i g‡a¨ iv‡Z AviI `yÕRb QvÎ gviv hvb| me©‡gvU GB
PviR‡bi K_vB RbMb Rvb‡Z cv‡ib| G-Pvi R‡bi wZbRb nÕ‡jb QvÎ| h_vµ‡g Zuv‡`i bvg : iwdK (iwdK
DwÏb Avng`), eiKZ (Aveyj eiKZ), ReŸvi (Avãyj ReŸvi) Ges GKRb nÕ‡jb AQvÎ| Zuvi bvg : mvjvg
(Avãym mvjvg)| 21 †k †deª“qvwi w`evMZ Mfxi iv‡Z cywjk I ˆmb¨ evwnbxi m`m¨iv †hŠ_fv‡e Avµgb
Pvwj‡q nvmcvZvj gM© nÕ‡Z jvk¸wj wb‡q hvq| Z‡e i³v³ GB we‡qvMvš—K bvU‡Ki GLv‡bB †kl bq| 22 †k
†deª“qvwi knx`‡`i i³gvLv Kvco wb‡q QvÎiv weivU GK wgwQj evi K‡ib Ges mvaviY RbZv I kªwgKiv GB
wgwQ‡j †hvM †`b| †mbv evwnbx wgwQj‡K PÎf½ Kivi Rb¨ wgwQ‡ji Dci w`‡q UªvK Pvwj‡q †`q| Zv‡Z †m
wgwQ‡ji `yÕRb †jvK gviv hvb| GQvov †mbv evwnbxi ¸wj‡ZI †mw`b Avi `yÕRb wbnZ nb| Zuviv nÕ‡jb
kwdDi ingvb (XvKv nvB‡Kv‡U©i Kg©Pvix I AvBb K¬v‡ki QvÎ)| Zuv‡K ¸wj Kiv nq XvKvi i_‡Lvjvi †gv‡o|
Avi GKRb nÕ‡jv 10 eQ‡ii GK evjK, bvg : AwnDj−vn| †mI bevecy‡i wbnZ nq| Zvici mviv †`‡k ïi“
nq msMÖvg, wgwQj I niZvj| gymwjg jxM miKv‡ii kvmb hš¿ `ye©vi QvÎ-RbZvi Pv‡ci gy‡L †f‡½ c‡i|
22 †k †deª“qvwi iv‡Z †gwW‡Kj K‡j‡Ri QvÎiv ¸wjel©‡Yi RvqMvq ivZvivwZ GKUv knx` wgbvi wbg©v‡Yi
wm×vš— †bb| XvKv †gwW‡Kj K‡j‡Ri QvÎ, e`i“j Avjg N›Uv Lv‡b‡Ki g‡a¨B 10 dzU DPz I 6 dzU PIov
gv‡ci XvKv evnv`yi kvn cv‡K©i knx` wgbv‡ii Abyiƒc wWRvB‡bi GKUv knx` wgbv‡ii wWRvBb K‡ib Ges
ivZvivwZ Zuviv cÖ¯—vweZ knx` wgbvi wbg©vY K‡ib| BnvB nÕ‡jv fvlv knx`‡`i cÖwZ kª×v wb‡e`‡bi me© cÖ_g
wgbvi| G cÖm‡½, Rbve iwdKzj Bmjv‡gi 1981 mv‡ji 22 †k †deª“qvwi mvßvwnK †iveev‡i †jLv ÒGKz‡ki
knx` I ¯§„wZi wgbviÓ cÖwZ‡e`bwU Zz‡j aiv nÕ‡jv| wZwb wj‡L‡Qb :-
Òknx` wgbv‡ii bK&kv e`i“j Avjg I mvC` nvq`v‡ii| †m mgq †gwW‡Kj K‡j‡Ri QvÎvevm †`vZjv Kivi
Rb¨ B‡Ui cuvRv wQ‡jv, H B‡Ui gvwjK wQ‡jb K›Uªv±i Gg, G, gyZvwj‡ei cyÎ Gg, G, Rwni| Zvi m‡½
†hvMv‡hvM Kiv nÕ‡j wZwb gvj-gkjv, ivRwg¯¿xi e¨e¯’v KÕ‡i w`‡jb| †nv‡÷‡ji wZb-Pvi kZ QvÎ jvBb KÕ‡i
`uvov‡jv, Qv·`i †nv‡÷j †_‡K 12 bs †nv‡÷j e−K cÖvq 400 MR; †Q‡j‡`i nv‡Z-nv‡Z B‡Ui ci BU †hb
D‡o Avm‡Z jvM‡jv| evnvbœi 23 †k †deª“qvwi ivZvivwZ QvÎ-RbZv `k dzU DuPz I Qq dzU PIov knx` ¯§„wZ-
¯—¤¢ ev wgbviwU wbg©v‡Yi KvR mgvß Ki‡jv| GB wgbviwU ¯’vwcZ n‡qwQ‡jv 12 bs e−‡Ki cv‡k †hLv‡b evsjv
fvlvi Rb¨ cÖ_g evOvwji i³ S‡iwQ‡jv wVK †mLv‡b| knx` kwdDi ingv‡bi wcZv ciw`b 24 ‡k †deª“qvwi
mKv‡j Ges Aveyj Kvjvg kvgmyÏxb 26 †k †deª“qvwi knx` wgbviwU D‡Øvab K‡ib| 24 †k †deª“qvwi mKvj

†_‡K 26 †k †deª“qvwi Acivý GB knx` wgbvi nÕ‡q D‡VwQ‡jv evOvjxi Zx_©‡Î| dz‡j-dz‡j GwU‡K †X‡K
†`qv n‡qwQ‡jv; GKRb gv Zuvi †g‡qi Mjvi nvi Ly‡j w`‡jb wgbv‡ii cv`‡`‡k| †m GK Af~Zc~e© `„k¨, hv
†`k I RvwZi AwfÁZvq Awfbe| wKš‘ cywjk I mvgwiK evwnbx 26 †k †deª“qvwi knx` wgbviwU‡K aŸsm I
wbwðý KÕ‡i w`‡jv, Aewkó iB‡jv ïay ¯§„wZi wgbvi Avi 12 bs e−‡Ki †eovi Mv‡q †cv÷v‡i iex›`ªbv‡_i Agi
D”PviY,
Ôex‡ii G i³‡mªvZ
gvZvi G AkÖ“aviv
Gi hZ g~j¨ †m wK
aivi ayjvq n‡e nvivÓ
(Agi GKz‡ki cÖ_g KweZv)
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1952 mv‡ji 21 †k †deª“qvwi cvwjZ n‡qwQ‡jv Òfvlv w`emÓ wn‡m‡e| Avi 2000 mv‡ji 21 †k †deª“qvwi
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cÖfy‡`i `vmZ¡ , Zv‡e`vix I `vjvwj KÕ‡i Avm‡Q| Avgv‡`i AvVv‡ivMÖvg AÂjI G ivûMÖvm gy³ wQ‡jv bv|
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c`ex BQvgwZ Mv‡½ wemR©Y w`‡q wn›`y, Bs‡iR I gymjgvb AwfRvZ †kªYxi c`ex‡Z f~wlZ n‡Z G‡ZvUzKz
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n‡Z jvM‡jb, wn›`yiv wn›`yqvbx ev` w`‡q Bs‡iwR Kvq`vq wb‡R‡`i f~wlZ Ki‡jb †hgb: P‡Æ¨vcva¨vq n‡jv
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cwiw¯’wZi D‡b¥l N‡U‡Q Pigfv‡e| GKw`‡K mvaviY evOvwj Abœvfv‡e K‡i‡Q Îvwn-Îvwn, K‡i‡Q mš—vb-mš—wZ
weµq| Ab¨w`‡K GB Zv‡e`vi I `vjvj †Mvôx UvKvi ¯‘‡ci Dci eÕ‡m †n‡m‡Q cy‡®úi nvwm| abkvjx-weËevb
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Òbeevey wejvmÓ, ivgbvivqY ZK©i‡Zœi ÒKzjxb Kzj me©¯^Ó, gvB‡Kj gaymya‡bi Òey‡ov kvwj‡Ki Nv‡o †ivuÓ, Ges
Kwe †cÖgab AwaKvix, Dc‡iv³ Ab¨vq-AbvPv‡i wew®§Z nÕ‡q †e`bv-we`yi I fvivµvš— ü`‡q †M‡q‡Qb:-
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wKš‘ Zv‡`i G wPš—vaviv djcÖm~ nÕ‡jv bv| Bs‡iR‡`i cÖwZ mvaviY evOvwji N„Yv w`b w`b †e‡oB Pj‡jv| Zviv
Bs‡i‡Ri wei“‡× `ye©vi Av‡›`vjb M‡o Zzj‡jv| †`‡k m„wó nÕ‡jv AivRKZv I ˆelg¨gyjK Ae¯’v| ïi“ nÕ‡jv
Bs‡iR‡`i wei“‡× msMÖvg|
G me evOvwji †kŠh©-ex‡h© †gvwnZ nÕ‡q gnvgwZ †Mvcvj K…ò †MvL&‡j †hLv‡b e‡jwQ‡jb, Ò What Benhal
thinks today India thinks tomorrow.” (e½‡`k AvR hv wPš—v K‡i fviZel© Zv wPš—v K‡i Kvj)|
†mLv‡b Dc‡iv³ Zv‡e`vi I Kg©wegyL evOvwj‡`i KUv KÕ‡i c¨v‡Uj fvB †ev‡¤^ fvl‡Y ب_©nxbK‡É †NvlYv
K‡i‡Qb, “The Bengalees are a race of lazy and unenterprising thinker, they eat too

much, sleep too long, take too much and work too little.” (evOvwj RvwZ nÕ‡jv Ajm Ges wPš—vweewR©Z,
Zviv AwZwi³ †fvRb-wejvmx, AwZkq wejvmwcÖq, wek‡qi D`MÖ evmbv wKš‘ Kg©wegyL)| iwe VvKziI
G‡`i KUv KÕ‡i e‡j‡Qb,
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(L)- ÒmvZ‡KvwU mš—v‡b‡i †n gy» Rbbx,
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evsjvi Zi“Y-Zi“Yx‡`i D¢y× K‡iwQ‡jb AKíbxqfv‡e| †hgb,
ÒRv‡Mv exi, NyPv‡q ¯^cb wkn‡i kgb, fq wK †Zvgvi mv‡R
`ytLfvi, G me Ck¦i, gw›`i Zuvnvi †cÖZf~wg wPZv gv‡S|Ó
K¤úvbxi `vjvj GB †kvlK †kªYxi †kvl‡b I Bs‡iR‡`i Pµv‡š— 1769 wLªóv‡ã A_©vr 1176 e½v‡ã m„ó
wQqvˇii gš^š—‡i evsjvi †`o †KvwU gvbyl Lv`¨vfv‡e cÖvY nvwi‡q‡Qb| 1943 wLªóv‡ã A_©vr 1350 e½v‡ã
cuÂv‡ki gš^š—‡i cuÂvk jvL gvbyl AKv‡j Rxeb w`‡q‡Qb| ZviB cybive„wË N‡U‡Q evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv‡Ëvi
Kv‡j, 1974 wLªóv‡ã A_©vr 1381 e½v‡ã| G-gš^š—‡iI wÎk j bi-bvix, wkï-e„× zavi hvZ‡b R¡‡j
g‡i‡Q| evOvwj RvwZi G-¯^fv‡ei Rb¨B Zv‡`i gvi †L‡Z nÕ‡q‡Q evievi-Avievi| ZvB,- DÌvb-cZb, RqcivR‡qi
jxjvf~wg nÕ‡jv evsjv‡`k Ges DÌvb-cZb, Rq-civR‡qi wkKvi nÕ‡jv GB evOvwj RvwZ| ZviB
bvwZ`xN© wKQy NUbvejxi AeZviYv Kivi cÖqvm ivwL|
evOvwji cÖ_g weRq:Ñ
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cÖwZ‡ekx †`k¸wj G‡Ki ci GK evsjv‡`k AvµgY Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i| cÖ_‡g KvgiƒcivR fv¯‹ieg©v
G-‡`k AvµgY K‡ib, c‡i Kvk¥xi iv‡R¨i Rqcxo Ges †bcvjivR wØZxq Rq‡`e G-‡`‡k AvwacZ¨
we¯—vi K‡ib| ZLb evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i cÖPzi wech©q N‡U| wKš‘ G Ae¯’v †ewkw`b w¯’Z _v‡Kwb| ivRv
nl©ea©‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ evsjvq kvwš— wd‡i Av‡m| evOvwj Zvi ¯^vfvweK Rxeb wd‡i cvq Ges mvwnZ¨ PP©vq
gbwb‡ek K‡i| () wKš‘ `yt†Li welq GB 647 Lªxóv‡ã mgªvU nl©ea©‡bi g„Z¨yi ci Zuvnvi wekvj ivRZ¡
my‡bZ…‡Z¡i Afv‡e †f‡½ UzK‡iv UzK‡iv nÕ‡q hvq| †`‡ki g‡a¨ bvbviƒc wek„•Ljv ‡`Lv †`q| ZLb
†`k ewn©tkΓ Øviv Avµvš— nÕ‡Z _v‡K| kK, ûb, ¸R©i‡`i AvµgY evsjv‡`k Z_v mviv fviZe‡l©
Qwo‡q c‡i| Ab¨ w`‡K Avh© eªvþY‡`i AvµgY BZ¨vw`i d‡j GK evsjv‡`k mnmª iv‡R¨ wef³ nÕ‡q
gvivgvwi-KvUvKvwU ïi“ KÕ‡i †`q| Ges GB AivRKZv cÖvq 103 eQi a‡i Pj‡Z _v‡K| evsjvi
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bv‡g GK gnvcyi“‡li Avwef©ve N‡U| evsjvi RbMY wgwjZfv‡e Zuv‡K ivRv wbe©vPb K‡ib| fvi‡Zi
wekvj f~L‡Û MbZvwš¿K c×wZ‡Z ivRv wbe©vPb GB cÖ_g| Zuvi ØvivB evsjvi ey‡K cvj ivR‡Z¡i
Af¨ỳ q N‡U| cvj ivRv‡`i Avg‡j †`‡ki ivóªxq Ges mvgvwRK `ỳ ©kv †hgb `~ixf~Z nq, †Zgwb
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N‡U GB mgq| cvj eskxq ivRvMY wQ‡jb evOvwj Ges Zuv‡`i ivRavbxI wQ‡jv evsjv‡`‡k ÔRqKg©vš—
emv‡KÕ| cvj ivRvMY wQ‡jb D`vi I mykvmK| cvj ivRZ¡Kv‡j evsjvi AvKv‡k bZzb m~‡h©i D`q
nq| †`‡ki K…wl, wkí, ¯’vcZ¨, ms¯‹…wZ, mvwnZ¨ I wkvi DbœwZ mvwaZ nq| GRb¨B 750 Lªxóvã‡K
evOvwji c_g weRq wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv nq hv BwZnvm ¯^xK…Z|
evOvwji wØZxq weRq:Ñ
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mwVK nÕ‡qwQ‡jv Zv me©Rb wew`Z| myjZvb Avwewmwbqw`M‡K †`k nÕ‡Z weZvwoZ Ki‡jb, †LvRv
cÖnix‡`i mKj gZv jyß Ki‡jb| wZwb wenvi, Avmvg I †KvPwenvi Rq Ki‡jb| RvwZag©wbwe©‡k‡l
wZwb mKj gvbyl‡K DbœwZ I AMÖMwZi c‡_ avweZ Ki‡jb| Zuvi mykvm‡b evsjv fvlv I

mvwn‡Z¨i h‡_ó DbœwZ mvwaZ nÕ‡jv| evOvwj Avi GKevi w`wM¦Rqxi f~wgKvq AeZxY© nÕ‡jv| evsjv
mvwnZ¨ I ms¯‹…wZi weRq mywPZ nÕ‡jv| wZwb Amv¤cÖ`vwqK kvmbKZ©v wQ‡jb| Zuvi Kv‡Q gvby‡l,
gvby‡l †Kv‡bv †f`v‡f` wQ‡jv bv| wn›`yMY Zuv‡K kªxK…‡òi AeZvi eÕ‡j AwewnZ Ki‡Zb| ˆeòe
KweMY Zuv‡K Ôb„cwZ wZjKÕ I ÔRMZ-f~lYÕ bv‡g AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb| () Zuvi mg‡q evsjv‡`‡ki
mvs¯‹…wZK Rxeb h‡_ó AMÖMwZi c‡_ avweZ nq| BnvB nÕ‡jv eOvwji wØZxq weRq| û‡mb kvnx
es‡ki we‡jvc mvab nÕ‡j evsjv‡`k myieskxq †ki kv‡ni Awa‡b P‡j hvq| †ki kvn&I LyeB wePY
I mvnmx b„cwZ wQ‡jb| wZwb wbR nv‡Z GKwU e¨vNÖ nZ¨v K‡i †ki Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ nb| evsjv‡`‡k
A‡bK RbwnZKi Kvh© m¤úbœ K‡ib, †hgb: cÖRv‡`i hvZvqv‡Zi mywe‡ai Rb¨ eo eo iv¯—v I †mZz
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mivBLvbv ¯’vcb K‡ib| WvK m‡iveiv‡ni myweav‡_© wZwb WvKniKivi cÖPjb K‡ib| Gme RbwnZKi
KvR K‡i wZwb evsjvi ey‡K Agi n‡q Av‡Qb| wZwb Zuvi D`viZv I Kg© Øviv evOvwji ü`q Rq
Ki‡Z mg n‡qwQ‡jb| †ki kv‡ni cZ‡bi ci †gvNj‡`i ivRZ¡ ïi“ nq| ZLb cybivq
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G‡jI Zv evOvwj‡`i Rb¨ cÖxwZKi nqwb| †Kbbv kv‡q¯—v Luv I Zuvi AbyPi‡`i †kvlY bxwZ Ges
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cjvkxi hy×-evOvwji civRq :Ñ
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Ges Zuvi gvZv, fªvZv, Lvjv I Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK AvZ¥xq ¯^Rb‡`i M½vi AZj R‡j Wywe‡q wbg©gfv‡e
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beK…ò mevB evsjvi m¤ú` KywMZ KÕ‡i ivZvivwZ †KvwUcwZ eÕ‡b †M‡jv| evsjv I evOvwji
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Ges me©‡kl fviZe¨vcx wmcvnx wec−e I cÖ_g ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvg|

wmcvnx we‡`ªvn-evOvwji civRq :-
cjvkx hy‡×i wVK GKÕk eQi c‡i Dcgnv‡`‡k mwZ¨Kvi mk¯¿ ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvg ïi“ nq 1857
mv‡j| Bs‡iR kvm‡bi bvMcvk †_‡K gvZ„f~wg‡K gy³ Kivi AwfcÖv‡q nv‡Z A¯¿ Zz‡j †bq Bs‡iR‡`i
Aaxb¯— gyw³Kvgx wn›`y-gymjgvb †`kxq wmcvnxiv| Zuv‡`i †mB HwZnvwmK Rxeb-msMÖv‡gi cÖwZ mg_©b
Rvbvb Bs‡iR‡`i Øviv AZ¨vPvwiZ wbcxwoZ Rgx`vi-gnvRb, abx-wba©b, wkwZ-AwkwZ RbmvaviY
Ggb wK †gŠjex I cy‡ivwnZMY| wKš‘ Zv hv-B †nvK bv †Kb, G msMÖvg wbZvš—B wKQy msL¨K DMÖcš’x
wmcvnx‡`i SzwKc~Y© ZrciZv wQ‡jv Zv ej‡j AZ¨yw³ n‡e bv| G msMÖvg †Kv‡bv mymse× msMÖvg wQ‡jv
bv| ‡Kbbv G‡Zv eo G msMÖv‡g †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó I wewkó †bZv wQ‡jb bv| †Kv‡bv mycwiKíbv wQ‡jv
bv| G K_v fy‡j †M‡j Pj‡e bv †h, hy×KvÛ †hgbB KzwUj †Zgwb RwUj| mvaviY gvby‡li Rvb-gvj
iv Ges Lv`¨-mvgwMÖ I Ilya-c‡_¨i msiY, cÖ‡qvRbxq †Mvjv-evi“‡`i mieivn BZ¨vw` Ges hy×cwiPvjbvi
Rb¨ K‡›Uªvji“g I msev` mieivn ms¯’v| wKš‘ wmcvnx hy‡× Gme wKQyB wQ‡jv bv|
hvi`i“Y GKB mv‡_ GKB mgq Bs‡iR‡`i wei“‡× gyw³Kvgx wmcvnxMY Svwc‡q co‡Z cv‡iwb| hy×
n‡q‡Q LÛ LÛ fv‡e| myZivs Bs‡iR‡`i mymse× ‰mb¨‡`i mv‡_ fviZxq ˆmb¨iv †Kv_vI Gu‡U DV‡Z
mg nbwb| w`j−xi gmb` AwaKvi Ki‡jI Zv 6Õgv‡mi †ekx wb‡R‡`i AaxKv‡i ivL‡Z mg_© nb
wb| wPUvMvs-G we‡`ªvn nÕ‡jv wKš‘ XvKvi wmcvnxMY wVK mg‡q Rvb‡Z cvi‡jv bv| hvi`i“Y Bs‡iR
ˆmb¨iv XvKvi wmcvnx‡`i wbi¯¿ KÕ‡i Zv‡`i e›`x Ki‡Z mg nÕ‡jv| wKQy msL¨K wmcvnx cvjv‡Z
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wmcvnx‡`i cv‡q `wo †eu‡a eZ©gvb cyivZb XvKvi evnv`yikv cv‡K©i eo-eo Mv‡Qi Wv‡j Szwj‡q
w`‡jv| GB evnv`yikv cvK© ZrKv‡j R½‡j †Niv wQ‡jv Ges Gi bvg wQ‡jv ÒAvÛvN‡ii gq`vbÓ Ges
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Afve †nZz A‡b‡KB G we‡`ªvn m¤¢‡Ü AewnZ wQ‡jv bv| hvi`i“Y wkL ˆmb¨iv we‡`ªvnx wmcvnx‡`i
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Aby‡iv‡a †bcvj ivR R½ evnv`yi AbycÖ‡ekKvix we‡`ªvnx ˆmb¨‡`i mg~‡j wbg~j KÕ‡i †d‡j Ges
Kvk¥x‡ii ivRv †Mvcvj wksI Bs‡i‡Ri c mg_©b K‡ib| GK K_vq Gme we‡`ªvnxiv †Kv_vI
G‡ZvUzKz AbyK¤úv ev Avkªq cvq wb| wbæ wjwLZ `yÕ‡Uv D`vni‡YB wmcvnx hy‡×i nVKvixZv I
b„msmZvi cÖZ¨ cÖgvY cvIqv hv‡e| †hgb,
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†`kxq wn›`y gymjgvb wmcvnx‡`i e¨envi Ki‡Z †`Iqv nq †m ivB‡dj| G‡Z e¨envi Kivi R‡b¨
we‡jZ †_‡K cvVv‡bv nq Pwe©gvLv KvZ©yR| ivB‡d‡j †XvKv‡bvi Av‡M `uv‡Z wQuo‡Z nÕ‡Zv KvZ©y‡Ri Pwe©
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e¨vivKcyi †mbvwbev‡m nVvr GKw`b GK dwKi G‡m †Mvc‡b eÕ‡j †M‡jb, wn›`y-gymjgvb wmcvnx‡`i
RvZ gvivi R‡b¨ Bs‡iR miKvi Pwe©gvLv KvZ©yR cÖPjb K‡i‡Q| k~Ki Avi Mi“i Pwe© gvLv‡bv nq H
KvZ©y‡R| †Zvgiv Avi H KvZ©yR e¨envi Ki‡e bv| AvcwË Rvbv‡e| `iKvi nÕ‡j we‡`ªvn Ki‡e|
dwKi P‡j †M‡j K_v Qwo‡q co‡jv wmcvnx‡`i g‡a¨| g½j cv‡Û bvgK GKRb eªvþY wmcvnx cÖPvi
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Gme wb‡q evovevwo Ki‡Z wb‡la Kiv nÕ‡jv| G dwKi †h, †K wQ‡jb Zv †Kv‡bv w`bB †Kn Rvb‡Z
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Rvbv‡jb, ¯’vbxq‡`i nZ¨vi e¨vcv‡i Avgiv Av‡cvlnxb| mvg‡b †c‡jB nÕ‡jv| wePvi-we‡ePbv KÕ‡i
gvivi mgq Avgv‡`i †bB| wbwe©Pv‡i nZ¨v bv Ki‡j I‡`i Kgv‡ev wK KÕ‡i Avevi hw` we‡`ªvn K‡i
Gevi †Zv Avgiv cÖv‡Y †eu‡P †MwQ| Rqjvf K‡iwQ| cieZ©x‡Z Zv n‡e bv| Iiv Avi B‡iR‡`i cªwZ

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Avi wkwZ-AwkwZ †`k‡cÖwgK‡`i Avgiv ivL‡ev bv| MZKvj hLb iv¯—v w`‡q KzPKvIqvR
KÕ‡i AvmwQjvg ZLb ev‡ivRb c_Pvix gyL Nywi‡q wb‡qwQ‡jv| ey‡SwQjvg Iiv Avgv‡`i N„Yv Ki‡Q|
Bs‡iR we‡Øl I‡`i Aš—‡i| m‡½ m‡½ Avgiv Pjv eÜ KÕ‡i e›`x K‡iwQjvg †mB wnsmy‡U
†jvK¸‡jv‡K| Ab¨‡`i mvg‡bB Mv‡Qi Wv‡j Zv‡`i duvwm‡Z Szwj‡q †`Iqv n‡qwQ‡jv| Mªvgevmxiv
wkv MªnY K‡iwQ‡jv| wePvi-mvwjm KÕ‡i I‡`i duvwm †`Iqv †h‡Zv bv| mgqI jvM‡Zv h‡_ó| Ime
Sv‡gjvi g‡a¨ Avgiv AvcvZZt hvw”Q bv| m‡›`n nÕ‡jB nÕ‡jv| MZ `yÕw`‡b GBfv‡e Pjvi c‡_B
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mv‡_i †jvKRb w`‡q MÖvg¸‡jv‡K wZwb wN‡i †dj‡Zb| Mªvgevmxiv hv‡Z †ei“‡Z bv cv‡i Zvi
cvKv‡cv³ e¨e¯’v Ki‡Zb| Zvici Av‡`k w`‡Zb Av¸b R¡vjv‡bvi| MÖvg¸‡jv cy‡o QvB bv nIqv
ch©š— Ges GKwU cÖvYx RxweZ _vKv ch©š— wZwb `uvwo‡q _vK‡Zb A`~‡i|Ó
e½-f½ wei“× I ¯^‡`kx Av‡›`vjb:Ñ
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Avmvg‡K c~e©-e‡½i mv‡_ Ry‡o w`‡q bZzb cÖ‡`‡ki m„wó KÕ‡i XvKv‡K G cÖ‡`‡ki ivRavbx Kiv nq|
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ïi“ nq mš¿vmx ZrciZv| 1906 mv‡j Aa¨vcK Aiwe›` †Nvl I Zuvi fvB evix›`ª †Nv‡li †bZ…‡Z¡
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cÖZ¨fv‡e RwoZ wQ‡jb| e½f½ wei“× Av‡›`vjb ZLb µgvš^‡q ¯^‡`kx Av‡›`vj‡b m¤cÖmvwiZ
nq| ïay e½f½ †iva Kiv bq G‡`k †_‡K Bs‡iR ivR‡Z¡iB Aemvb NUv‡Z n‡e| 1907 mv‡ji g‡a¨
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Zuviv `yÕRbB wbnZ nb| cÖdzj− PvKx cvjvevi Dcvq bv †`‡L wb‡Ri wifj&fv‡ii ¸wj‡Z AvZ¥nZ¨v
K‡ib Ges zw`ivg emy aiv c‡ib Ges duvwm‡Z g„Z¨yeiY K‡ib| Zuvi GB duvwm evsjvi N‡i N‡i
Qwo‡q †`q GK Ac~e© fvev‡eM, Kvbœvi m‡½ GKwU Me©, nviv‡bvi m‡½ GKwU cÖvwß| ZvB evsjvi
gvby‡li K‡Ú ‡Ku‡` †d‡i †mB exiZ¡ Muv_v ÒGKevi we`vq †` gv Ny‡i AvwmÓ| Ggwbfv‡e eÕ‡q Pj‡jv
mš¿vmev`| wbnZ nÕ‡jb KjKvZv ivBUvm© wewìs Gi Bs‡iR eo mv‡ne| w`‡bi †ejvq, we‡lfv‡e
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nÕ‡jb KjKvZvi †g‡QvevRvi †evgv gvgjvi inm¨‡f`x cywjk Awdmvi Gm, Gb, P¨vUvR©x| Ggwb
AviI K‡Zv| BwZg‡a¨ `ye©vi GB Av‡›`vj‡bi d‡j wef³ evsjv‡K †Rvov w`‡Z eva¨ nÕ‡jv e„wUk
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evOvwji Z…Zxq weRq:Ñ
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kvwš—c~Y©- fv‡e †fvU MYbv m¤úbœ nÕ‡jv| evsjvi RbM‡Yi cÖvY wcÖq †bZv e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb
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Bqvwnqv Luvb mn we‡k¦i mKj †bZ…eM© Zuv‡K Awfb›`b I ¯^vMZt Rvbv‡jb Ges G-I †NvlYv Kiv
nÕ‡jv †h †kL gywReyi ingvb wbi¼zk msL¨vMwiô `‡ji †bZv wn‡m‡e miKvi MVb Ki‡eb| wKš‘
wb‡qvwZi wK wbg©g cwinvm! G-mg‡q ¯§ibvZxZKv‡ji mePvB‡Z gvivZ¥K GK NywY©So I R‡jv”Q¡v‡m
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bv| hw` cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi †Kv‡bv m`m¨ GÕ‡Z AskMÖnY K‡ib Z‡e AvBb mfv KlvBLvbvq cwiYZ
n‡e| ‡hvM`vbKvix †Kv‡bv m`m¨‡K cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b RxweZve¯—vq wdi‡Z †`Iqv n‡e bv| BqvwnqvI
fy‡Ævi my‡i myi wgwj‡q Awa‡el‡bi ZvwiL wcwQ‡q w`‡q 25†k gvP© Ki‡jb Ges mZK©evYx D”PviY
Ki‡jb, hw` †Kn cvwK¯—v‡bi AvÂwjK ALÛZv webó Ki‡Z Pvq, Zv †Kv‡bv µ‡gB ei`v¯— Kiv n‡e
bv, mgywPZ kvw¯—i e¨ve¯’v Kiv n‡e|
GB †NvlYv †kvbvi mv‡_ mv‡_ evsjvi RbMY wß nÕ‡q iv¯—vq †b‡g c‡o| bvbviƒc †k−vMvb I we‡vf
wgwQ‡j evsjvi AvKvk-evZvm cÖKw¤úZ nÕ‡q D‡V| ¸wj P‡j, AKz‡Zvfq evOvwji ey‡Ki i‡³ iwÄZ
nq evsjv gv‡qi eyK| HwZnvwmK 7B gvP© 1971, †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b RbZvi Xj †b‡g GÕ‡jv|
Rbmgy‡`ªi gv‡S `uvwo‡q evsjvi †jŠn-gvbe †kL gywReyi ingvb ûwkqvix D”PviY Ki‡jb, ÒAvi hw`
Avgvi †jv‡Ki Ici GKUv ¸wj P‡j, Avi hw` Avgvi †jvK‡`i nZ¨v Kiv nq,Ñfvj n‡e bv| †Zvgiv
Avgvi fvB, †Zvgiv e¨viv‡K wd‡i hvI, †KD †Zvgv‡`i wKQy ej‡e bv| Avgvi ey‡Ki Ici ¸wj
Pvjvevi †Póv †Zvgiv KÕ‡iv bv| mvZ‡KvwU evOvwj‡K †Zvgiv `vwe‡q ivL‡Z cviev bv|Ó RbZvi
D‡Ï‡k¨ wZwb ej‡jb, Ò‡Zvgv‡`i hvwKQy Av‡Q ZvB w`‡q kΓi †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖ‡Z¨K N‡i
N‡i `yM© M‡o Zzj| AvR nÕ‡Z mKj wkv cÖwZôvb, AvBb –Av`vjZ, Awdm eÜ KÕ‡i `vI| †ij Pj‡e
.................| Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg, Gev‡ii msMÖvg gyw³i msMÖvg|Ó evOvwji msMÖvg
Pj‡ZB _vK‡jv, evOvwji ey‡Ki i‡³ ivRc_ ivOv nÕ‡q †M‡jv| Zvi ci ci GÕ‡jv 25†k gv‡P©i
†mB Kv‡jv ivwÎ| fy‡Æv, Bqvwnqvi evOvwj wbab hÁ| ivZ 12Uvq wbixn Nygš— evOvwji Ici U¨v¼,
gU©vi I g¨vwkb Mv‡bi ¸wj| wbixn evOvwj Nyg †_‡K †R‡M D‡VB g¨vwkb Mv‡bi ¸wj‡Z cybivq
wPiwb`ªvi †Kv‡j X‡j co‡jv| Avevje„×ewbZvi µ›`b †ivj iv‡Zi MwfiZv †f` KÕ‡i †Lv`vi Avi‡k
†h‡q av°v w`‡q †Lv`vi Avik Kuvwc‡q Zzj‡jv| kn‡ii emwZ ¸wj‡Z Av¸b R¡vwj‡q w`‡q g¨vwkb
Mv‡bi ¸wj‡Z evOvwj‡`i cïi g‡Zv nZ¨v Kiv nÕ‡jv| Zvici Pj‡jv aicvKi, al©Y I jyÚb|
ˆe‡`kxK mvsevw`K†`i cvVv‡bv msev‡`i wkibv‡g †`Lv †M‡jv cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©iv evOvwj‡`i †Zv‡ci
gy‡L Dwo‡q w`‡q‡Q| wek¦we‡eK †mw`b j¾vq g¯—K AebZ K‡iwQ‡jv|
GK †KvwU evOvwj †mw`b fvi‡Z Avkªq wb‡q cÖvY euvPv‡jv| Avi QÕ‡KvwU evOvwji Rxeb wb‡q Pj‡jv
wQwbwgwb I i‡³i †nvwj †Ljv| KzL¨vZ Avje`i, Avjmvgm I ivRvKviiv evOvwj wba‡b †g‡Z
DV‡jv| Zviv ¯‹zj,K‡jR I BDwbfvwmwUi QvÎx‡`i aÕ‡i wb‡q AÜKvi cÖ‡Kv‡ô AvU‡K †i‡L Zuv‡`i
Ici cvkweK AZ¨vPvi ïi“ Ki‡jv| Amnvq gv-‡evbiv GB bviKxq wbh©vZb †_‡K AvZ¥ivi Rb¨
wb‡R‡`i kvwo Mjvq Rwo‡q AvZ¥nZ¨v Ki‡Z ïi“ Ki‡jb| ZLb wckv‡Pi `j gv-‡evb‡`i e¯¿ †K‡o
wb‡q wee¯¿ Ae¯’vq Zuv‡`i‡K e›`x KÕ‡i ivL‡jv| †mvbvi evsjv wPiw`bB bvix †mŠ›`‡h©i Rb¨ weL¨vZ|
we‡kl KÕ‡i Zuv‡`i AvRvby-wejw¤^Z †gN-eiY †Kk-avg| ZLb Amnvq gvZv-fwMœiv Zuv‡`i †mB mỳ xN©
†Kkivwk K‡É Rwo‡q D‡Øv܇b AvZ¥nZ¨v KÕ‡i bviKxq hš¿bvi nvZ nÕ‡Z wb‡R‡`i iv Ki‡jb|
Zey cvlvY‡`i ü`q G‡ZvUzKzI weMwjZ nÕ‡jv bv| Zviv wbg©gfv‡e Zuv‡`i gv_vi Pzj †K‡U Ave×
KÕ‡i †i‡L cvkweK AZ¨vPvi Ae¨vnZ ivL‡jv| ¯^vaxbZvi ci G-me me©nviv gv-‡evb‡`i g‡a¨ huviv
†e‡Pu wQ‡jb Zuv‡`i exiv½bv Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ Kiv nÕ‡jv| evsjvi eyw×Rxwe‡`i aÕ‡i wb‡q Zviv Zuv‡`i
Ici AKíbxq AZ¨vPvi Pjv‡jv Ges iv‡qi evRvi I wgicy‡ii e×f~wg‡Z Zuv‡`i ZvgvK KvUv KÕ‡i
nZ¨v Kiv nÕ‡jv| 6B wW‡m¤^vi fviZ evsjv‡`k‡K AvbyôvwbK ¯^xK…wZ `vb Ki‡jb| 7B wW‡m¤^vi
gyw³evwnbx I wgÎevwnbxi mw¤§wjZ Avµg‡b cvwK¯—vbx‡`i meKUv wegvb, Rjhvb Ges U¨v¼ aŸsm
nÕ‡q †M‡jv| K‡qK w`‡bi g‡a¨B R‡j-¯’‡j-Aš—ix‡ Zv‡`i cvjvevi c_ wPiZ‡i i“× nÕ‡q †M‡jv|
16B wW‡m¤^vi we‡Kj mv‡o PviUvq wbqvwR 93 nvRvi ˆmb¨ wb‡q AvZ¥mgc©Y Ki‡Z eva¨ nÕ‡jb|
evsjvi bqbgywb e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ BnvB nÕ‡jv evOvwji Z…Zxq weRq|

Dcmsnvi
Ck¦i `c©Kvixi `c© P~Y© K‡ib| AZ¨vPvix‡K wZwb KL‡bv gv K‡ib bv| GB wbixn evOvwj‡`i Ici
hvivB AZ¨vPvi K‡i‡Q, wbixn gv-‡evb‡`i B¾Z †K‡o wb‡q, Zv‡`i AcgvwbZ K‡i‡Q, ZvivB G-
c„w_ex‡Z Zvi dj †fvM K‡i‡Q| wb‡æ cÖ`Ë D`vniY †_‡K †m wkv Avgv‡`i MªnY Kiv DwPr|
(1) Òwebv‡g‡N eRªvNv‡Z gxiY AcgyZ¨y eiY K‡ib|
(2) Bs‡iR‡`i nv‡Z c‡` c‡` Ac`¯’ , jvwÃZ I wbh©vwZZ Ges RbmvaviY KZ©„K
waK…Z nÕ‡q Kzô‡iv‡M K‡qK ermi A‡kl hš¿bv †fv‡Mi ci gxi Rvd‡ii g„Z¨y
N‡U|
(3) Duwg Puv` Kc`©Knxb Ae¯’vq g„Z¨yeiY K‡ib|
(4) gnvivR b›` Kzgvi wg_¨v Awf‡hv‡M duvwmKv‡ô cÖvY †`b|
(5) gxi Kvwk‡gi Av‡`‡k eû †KvUxcwZ RMr †kV I gnvivR ¯^iƒc Puv` gy‡½‡i M½vq
wbwß nÕ‡q cÖvY wemR©Y †`b|
(6) †gvnv¤§`x‡eM Db¥v` Ae¯’vq Kz‡c Svc w`‡q AvZ¥vûwZ †`b|
(7) Bqvi jwZd AK¯§vr wbi“wÏó nb|
(8) ivq`yj©f KvivMv‡iB fMœ¯^v¯’¨ nÕ‡q gyZ¨yeiY K‡ib|
(9) mc© `sk‡b `vwbk kv‡ni gyZ¨y N‡U|
(10) jW© K¬vBf& †Ug&m& b`x‡Z Svc w`‡q AvZ¥nZ¨v K‡ib|
(11) Iqv‡ib †nwósm gvgjvq Awfhy³ nÕ‡q AcüZ ab †`ŠjZ nvwi‡q Ac‡ii `v‡b
†kl Rxeb AwZevwnZ K‡ib|
(12) Zvici Pµvš—Kvix I gZv‡jvfx fy‡Æv whwb evsjvi wÎk j gvby‡li kwb‡Z
wb‡Ri nvZ iwÄZ KÕ‡i webv wePv‡i duvwmKv‡ô Sz‡j g„Z¨yeiY K‡ib|
(13) BnvB †kl bq| cweÎ MxZvq ewb©Z Av‡Q, Ck¦i hv‡K gvi‡Z Pvb cÖ_gB Zvi
¯§„wZåsk NUvb| GB ¯§„wZåsk nÕ‡ZB eyw×bvk Ges eyw×bvk nÕ‡ZB gvby‡li webvk
N‡U| ZvB KvjRqx we‡qvMvš—K bvU‡Ki GK gnvbvq‡Ki wefxwlKvgq g„Z¨y
Avgv‡`i mvg‡b g~Z© nÕ‡q A‡bK wKQyB ¤§iY Kwi‡q †`q|
mnKvix cȳ —K:-
(K) evOvwj hy‡M hy‡M (cÖ_g LÛ) bvwRi Avng`|
(L) ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi †bc_¨ Kvwnbx:- e`iIwÏb Avng`|
(M) wmcvnx hy‡×i Uª¨v‡RWx :- Avwbm wmwÏKx|
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