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MUASKAR 4th Magazine

மலர் - 01 இதழ் - 04 ஹிஜ்ரி - 1437 March-April-May 2016

மலர் - 01 இதழ் - 04 ஹிஜ்ரி - 1437
March-April-May 2016

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(1843–1859)<br />

● nra;apj; K`k;kj; my; k`;jp my; rD}]p<br />

(1859–1902)<br />

● nra;apj; m`;kj; my; ruPg; my; rD}]p<br />

(1902-1916)<br />

● nra;aj; K`k;kj; ,j;uP]; my; k`;jp my;<br />

rD}]p (1916-1969)<br />

● nra;apj; `rd; my; upoh my; k`;jp my;<br />

rD}]p (1969-1992)<br />

● nra;apj; K`k;kj; gpd; `rd; my; upoh<br />

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● Encyclopedia Brittannica<br />

● E. E. Evans-Pritchard, The Sanusi of<br />

Cyrenaica (1949, repr. 1963)<br />

● N. A. Ziadeh, Sanusiyah (1958, repr.<br />

1983)<br />

● Wikipedia<br />

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