Mallar Varalatru Unmaikal

மள்ளர் வரலாற்று
உண்மமகள்
(சுப அண்ணாமலை & பபராசிரியர் பேலுசாமி)
Copy Right @MallarNadu
First Released: Sep 2008
Publisher
MALLARNADU PUBLICATIONS | 15/17 THOMAS STREET, WEST TAMBARAM, CHENNAI 45

மள்ளர் ேரைாற்று உண்லமகள்
மள்ளர் வரலாற்று உண்மமகள்
(சுப அண்ணாமலை & பபராசிரியர் பேலுசாமி)
வவளியீடு- மள்ளர்நாடு
,e;jpud; vd;why; murd; nghUs;gLk; Mhpah;fs; Nghh; nra;Ak; NghJ me;j
Nghh;f;fhy jsgjpiaNa ,e;jpud; vd;W miof;fg;gl;lhh;. Nghh; KbAk; tiu
vy;yh mjpfhuq;fisAk; ngw;Wj; jpfo;thd; ,e;jud;. Nghh; Kbe;j gpwF
vy;yh mjpfhuq;fisAk; ngw;Wj; jpfo;e;j ,e;jpud; ve;j mjpfhuKk;
,y;yhj vspikahd Fbkfdhff; fUjg;gLthd;.
Mdhy; Nghh;f;fhyq;fspy; vy;yh mjpfhuq;fisAk; ngw;W kfpo;e;jpUe;j
,e;jpud; Nghh; ,y;yh fhyq;fspy; ntWkNd ve;j mjpfhuKk; ,y;yhky;
,e;jpudhy; ,Uf;f Kbatpy;iy. mjpfhur;Rit fz;ltd; mij ,oe;J
jtpf;f tpUk;gpy;yhky; fhyg;Nghf;fpy; ,e;jpuNd! jd;id
murdhfg;gpuflik nra;J nfhz;lhd;. MfNt Mhpah;fsplk; tof;fj;jpy;
murDk; ,e;jpuDk; xd;whfptpl;ld. ,f;fUj;jpid ,uhFy
rhq;fpUj;jpahad; thy;fhtpypUe;J fq;iftiu vd;w E}ypy; $Wfpwhh;.
,uh[ Nfhghyr;rhhpahh; ,uh[h[p vOjpa ,uhkhazk; vd;w E}ypy;
,uhtdidf; Fwpg;gpLk; NghJ ,uhr;rNre;jpud; ,uhr;r ,e;jpud; vd;Nw
Fwpg;gpLthh;.
Mhpah; jiyth; ,e;jpud; thOk; Ch; ,e;jpuNyhfk;, NjtNyhfk;,
nrhf;fNyhfk; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ. njhy;fhg;gpaj;jpy; “Nte;jh; Nka
jPk;Gdy; cyk;”- vd;w njhy;fhg;gpah; fUj;Jg;gb kUj epyf;flTs; Nte;jd;
Mthd; ciuahrphpah; Nte;jid ,e;jpud; vd;W $Wfpd;wdh;. 1000 Mapuk;
Mz;L ,ilntspNa ,jw;Ff;fhuzk;. Mhpa kiof;flTs; ,e;jpud; Mthd;.
மள்ளர்நாடு 1

மள்ளர் ேரைாற்று உண்லமகள்
Mhpaj; jhlh;ghy; kUjepy kf;fs; kio Ntz;b tzq;fpa jkpo; flTshd
Nte;jidAk; ,e;jpud; vd;Nw miof;fg;gLk; kuG Vw;gl;lJ vd;gh;
kiwkiyabfs;.
kUjepyj;jiytid Nte;jd; murd; ,e;jpud; vd;Wk; ,iwtd; vd;WK;
miof;fpd;wdh;. ,e;jpuid nja;t mk;rkhdtd; vd;w kuGk; cz;L. MfNt
nja;t ,e;jpud; vd;Wk; mioj;jdh;. vdNt nja;t ,e;jpud; fhyg;Nghf;fpy;
NjNte;jpud; vd;W miof;fg;glyhapdh;. jkpo;nkhopapy; nrhy; tof;fpy;
Fwpy; nebyhtJk; neby; FwpyhtJ xypg;gJk; ,ay;G. MfNt nja;t
,e;jpud; NjNte;jpud; vd toq;fyhapw;W. vdNt kUjepy Ntshz;
Fbkf;fs;. NjNte;jpuFy Ntshsh; vd;W toq;fyhw;W. MfNt ,e;jpud;
vd;ehy; murd; vd;w nghUspNyNa tuyhW KOtJk; Msg;gl;L
te;Js;sJ. NjNte;jpud; vd;gJ ,e;jpuDf;F “Njt” vd;gJ milnkhop.
mjhtJ cah;e;j rpwe;j ty;yikahd khz;Gs;s vd;wthW gy
ngUikapd; கூட்டுச்சசால் MFk;. vdNt jkhd; mur Fyj;ijr;Nrh;e;j
ngz;fis Njtp vd;W nrhy;ypd; ,Wjpapy; miog;ghh;fs;. mjhtJ
,uh[khNjtp, nrk;gpad; khNjtp, thdkhNjtp vd;wthW jhd;
miof;fg;gLthh;.
ek;ik ehk; NjNte;jpu Fyj;jhh; vd;W mioj;Jf;nfhs;tjd; nghUs;
jkpofj;jpd; mur Fyj;Njhd;wy; gpw ehl;L kd;dh;fspDk; rpwe;jth; vd;w
nghUspy; NjNte;jpu Fyj;jhh; vd;W toq;fp tUfpwJ. tPuj;jpYk;

மள்ளர் ேரைாற்று உண்லமகள்
jdJ ,d;Dapiuf; nfhLg;gjpUk; Kjd;ik ngw;wth;fshf NjNte;jpu Fy
Ntshsh; kf;fs; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;.
gpw;fhy Nrhog;Nguuir cz;lhf;fpath;. Nghh;fhyj;jpy; 96 tFf;fisg;ngw;W
tPuj;jpw;Nf Kjd;ikahtuhf Nghw;wg;gLk; tp[ahy Nrhod; (fp.gp.850) ,th;
jQ;iria Mz;l Kj;jiuaiuj; jhf;fp jQ;iriaf; ifg;gw;wpdhh;.
jkpofj;jpd; tuyhW jkpo;r; rkjhaj;jpd; tuyhW mwptpay; Kiwapy; ,J
ehs; tiuapYk; Muhag;gltpy;iy. சமூதாயம்;jhd; tuyhw;iw
cUthf;FfpwJ. jdpkdpjd; my;yd;! vd;w fz;Ndhl;lj;jpy; vOjg;gl;l
Ma;tpy; jhd; cz;ikia czuKbAk;. ,we;j fhyr; rKjhaj;ijj;
njspthff; fhl;l Kbahjtuhy; epgo;fhyr; rKjhaj;ijAk; njspthff;
fhl;l KbahJ. “New;W, ,d;W , ehis vd;w %d;iwAk; njspthff;
fhz;gth;fNs rKjhatpay; tpQ;Qhdpfshth;.
njhlf;f fhyj; jkpohpd; Kjd; Kjypy; kiyfspYk; kiyiar;rhh;e;j
gFjpfspYk; Njhd;wpaJ. njhlf;ffhyjkpod; ciog;ghy;
tsh;;r;rpailahjtd;. mjhtJ tpyq;Ffis Ntl;ilahb tho;e;J te;jhd;.
kiyg;gFjpapy; gy FOf;fs; Ntl;ilahbAk; mLkhLfis Nka;j;Jk;
tho;e;J te;jd. xU FOtpYs;NshUf;Fk; kw;nwhU FOtpYs;NshUf;Fk;
Nghuhl;lk; eilngWtJz;L. mg;Nghuhl;lj;jpw;Ff; fhuzkha; miktJ
mtuth; Ngzp te;j epiwfNa. xU gFjpapYs;Nshh; ,d;NdhU
gFjpapYs;NahUila Mepiufisf; fth;e;J jhkjkhf;fpf;nfhs;th;.
FwpQ;rp tho;tpy; ngUk;ghYk; ,aw;ifia ,aw;ifahff; gad;gLj;jpNa
tho;e;jdh;. ,aw;ifia ek;gpNa tho;e;jdh;. Ky;iy epy tho;tpy; ciog;G
tsh;e;jpUf;fpwJ. ,aw;ifia NkYk; mwpAk; tha;g;ig ngw;wpUe;jhd;.
Co;tpd; gaid Xustpw;F czh;e;j kdpjd; epyj;jpd; gaidAk; ePhpd;
gaidAk; mwpe;jpUe;jhd;. vdNt fhLfisf; fle;J Mw;Wg;gFjpfis
ehbr;nrd;whd;. ePiuaLj;Js;s epyq;fs; tsh;g;gk; kpFe;jit. fhl;ilf;
மள்ளர்நாடு 3

மள்ளர் ேரைாற்று உண்லமகள்
fle;J Mw;Wg;gFjpia milAk; ,g;ngah;r;rp Ky;iy epy tho;tpNyNa
eilngWfpwJ.
ve;jg;gFjpapy; jhdpak; kFjpahf tpise;jNjh mg;gFjp
typikAiljhapw;W tsh;r;rp milahj gFjpfisg; Nghhpd; %yk;
typikAilNahh; ifg;gw;wpdh;. ,t;thW E}w;Wf;fzf;fhd fW epy
kd;dh;fs; Nru Nrho ghz;bauJ Ml;rpf;Ff; fl;Lg;gll;ldh;. jdpj;jdpahf
tho;e;j FwpQ;rp epyj;jtUk; Ky;iy epyj;jtUk; kUj epyj;jhhpd;
Ml;rpf;Fl;gl;ldh;. ,k;kUj epy kf;fs; jiytd; jhd; ,e;jpud; NjNte;jpud;
vd;W miof;fg;gLk;. me;j kUj epyg;gFjpapy; thOk; kf;fs; njhFg;gpw;F
NjNte;jpuFy Ntshsh; vdg;ngah; MFk;.
md;W njd;fpof;F MrphpahtpNyNa khngUk; Nguurhf tpsq;fpaJ
Nrhog;NguurhFk;. me;j khngUk; Nguurpy; 64 tLf;Ffisg; ngw;wtUk;
khtPuUk; Md goT+h; murh; Nrhog;Nuurpd; jdhjpfhhpahf tpsq;fpdhh;.
Nrhoehl;by; mjw;F Nky; cah;e;j gjtp vd;gJ ,y;iy. jQ;ir nghpa
Nfhtpiyiaf; fl;ba ,uh[ uh[ Nrhodpd; je;ij Re;ju Nrho
rf;uth;j;jpapd; kpFe;j md;gpw;Fk; ek;gpf;iff;Fk; chpatuhfj;jpfo;e;jhh;.
jdhjpfhhp vd;gJ ehL KOtJKs;sg; gFjpfspy; thpR+ypf;f
MizapLtJ. tR+ypf;fg;gl;litfis jhdpaf; fsQ;rpaj;jpYk; nghf;fp\
miwapYk; itj;J G+l;bg; ghJfhj;Jy; kw;KW; Njitg;gLk; nghOJ
thpiaf; Fiwj;jy; $l;Ljy;l mtrpakhdhy; ahiuAk; rpiwapyilg;gK
tpLtpg;gJk; gjtp cah;j;Jjy; gjtp ,w;ffk; nra;jy; NkYk; murdpd;
cah; ghJfhg;Gk; ,thpd; ifapy; jhd;. ,thpd; jk;gpahh; jQ;ir Nghl;ilj;
jsgjpahfTk; kJuhe;jfr; Nrho kd;dd; vd;gth; ,uh[ uh[ Nrho
kd;ddpd; rpwpa je;ij Mthh;.
NjNte;jpu Fy Ntshshpd; Fyg; ngUikf;Fk; Ml;rpajpfhuj;jpw;Fk;
Ntnwd;d rhd;W Ntz;Lk;.

மள்ளர் ேரைாற்று உண்லமகள்
Kjyhk; rilahth;kd; Re;ju ghz;badhy; ifg;gw;wpg; ghz;ba murpid
epWtdhd;. ekJ NjNte;juhpd; Kjy; tPo;rrp Nrhog;NguuR tPo;r;rpapypUe;J
Jtq;FfpwJ. ghz;bah;fspilNa thhpR chpikg;Nghuhl;lk; Vw;gLfpwJ.
ghz;bah;fspd; Nghuhl;l tha;g;ig gad;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L jkpofj;jpy; fp.gp.
1310 –y; ,];yhpah; EioT Vw;gl;lJ. ,];yhkpah; %d;W Kiw
gilngLj;J fp.gp.1324 –y; kJiuapy; Kfkjpa Mjpf;fk; Vw;gl;lJ. ,t;
Mjpf;fk; Vwj;jho miu E}w;whz;L fhyk; ePbj;jJ.
,t;Ntisapy; jf;fjUzj;jpy; ,e;Jdf;fisf; fhf;fTk; ,Ryhkpaiu
tpul;lTk; mhpfuh; - Gf;fh; vd;Nghuhy; tp[a efug;NguuR 1336 –y;
epWtg;ngw;wJ. ,jd; mq;fkhd n`ha;fhyp tPugs;shd topapdhfpa
,khuRk; kd;dd; 1378-y; jkpofk; te;J kJiuia kPl;L ,e;J muir
Vw;gLj;jpdhd;. ,Ryhkpah;fspd; Ml;rpapy; Vw;gl;l mr;rk; fhuzkhf
jkpoj;jpy; tp[a efu Ml;rp vw;gl;lJ. ,th;fspd; gpujpepjpfshfNt
ehaf;fhfs; Ml;rp nrYj;jpdh;. fp.gp. 1965 f;Fk; jQ;ir kJiu ehaf;fh;fs;
jdpj;jdpahf Ml;rp nrYj;jpdh; njd;fhrp ghz;bah;fs; ehaf;fh;fSf;F
fPo;gl;ldh;. tpraefu tPo;r;rpf;Fg; gpwF ,];yhkpaiu vjph;j;J jkpofj;jpy;
kuhl;bah; Ml;rp fp.gp. 1676-y; njhlq;fp 1856 tiu eilngw;wJ.
tp[a efu NguuR gytPdkile;jgpd; mq;fpUe;J kJiuf;F “it];uhahf”
te;j ehfk ehaf;fUk; mtuJ kfd; tp];tehj ehaf;fUk; jhq;fs; jhd;
kJiuf;Fk;. jpUney;Ntypf;Fk; vjphpapy;yh Rje;jpuk; ngw;w
Ml;rpj;jiyth;fshd giwrhw;wpdh;. Mw;wy;kpf;f mth;fs; gpujkuhd mhpa
ehaf Kjypahh; jiyikapy; Kd;Gs;s ghz;ba kd;dh; fPopUe;j FWepy
Ml;rpg;gug;Gfisg; gphptpid nra;J 72 ghisaq;fshf fp.gp. 1433- y;
Mz;by; khw;wpaikj;jdh;.
மள்ளர்நாடு 5

மள்ளர் ேரைாற்று உண்லமகள்
1802– k; Mz;L nrd;id uh[;a fth;dh; uhgh;l; fpist;
ghisaq;fidj;ijAK; [kPd; jhhpfshf khw;wpaikj;jhh;. cld;gbf;ifapd;
gb mth;fsJ gilfs; fiyf;fg;gl;lJ. 195 –y; ,e;jpa murhy; [kPd;
xopg;Gr;rl;lj;jpd; %yk; rYiffs; uj;J nra;ag;gl;lJ. njd;dpe;jpah
KOtJNk tskhd gFjpahf ,Ue;jJ. jpy;ypia Mz;l Ry;jhd;fs;
khypf;fhG+h; filapd; typikahy; 1310- y; fhfjPa kd;didAk; 1311-y;
Xa;fhs kd;ididAk; ntd;W jpy;yp MSikapd; fPo; nfhz;L te;j
gpd;Gk; Nru Nrho ghz;ba ehl;bd; kPJ gilnaLf;f mQ;rpdh;. Mdhy;
ghuk;ghpak; kpf;f ghz;ba kd;ddpd; (Fy Nrfug;ghz;bad;) gl;lj;jurp
kfDf;Fk; (tPu ghz;bad;) fhkf;fpoj;jp kfDf;Fk; (Re;jughz;bad;) eLNt
ele;j Ml;rpajpfhur; rz;ilahy; Re;ju ghz;bad; khypf;fhG+our; re;jpj;J
cjtp Nfhhpdhd;. gq;fhspr;fz;iliaj; jdf;F rhjfkhfg;gad; gLj;jpf;
nfhz;L ghz;ba ehl;bd; kPJ gilnaLj;jhd;. khypf;fhG+h; fp.gp.14- k;
E}w;whz;by; Kjd; Kiwahf kJiu jpy;yp Ry;jhd;fspd; Ml;rpf;F
cl;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. ciwA+h; kw;Wk;; kJiuapy; nfhs;isabj;j nghUs;fs;
612 ahidfs; 20,000 ,Ugjhapuk; Fjpiufs; %ykhff; jpy;ypf;F nfhz;L
nrd;wdh;.
Nkw;fz;l nfhs;isapdhy; kf;fSf;F ,Ryhkpah; Ml;rp kPJ ntWg;G
Vw;gl;lJ. mjd; tpisthf njhz;il kz;lyk; tl Mw;fhL njd; Mw;fhL
kw;Wk; kJiu midj;Jk; fp.gp. 1378- y; ,uz;lhk; fkhufk;fz;zd;
MSifapd; fPo; te;jJ. njYq;F Ml;rp nkhopoahdJ murdpd; kidtp
fq;fhNjtp vOjpa “kJu tp[ak;” vd;Dk; E}y; njYq;fpy; vOjg;gl;lJ.
13- k; E}w;whz;by; ghz;bah;fSf;Fs; xw;Wik ,y;iy. Kfyhah;
gilnaLg;G Neh;e;j NghJ ghz;bahpy; xU gphptpdh; mth;fis ehl
,d;ndhU gphptpdh; tp[a efuj;jhiu Ntz;Lfpd;wdh;. jkpofj;jpy; vjphpfs;
EioTf;F ,e;jg; ghz;bah;fs; top jpwe;J itf;fpwhh;fs;. ghz;ba NuhL
rpy fhyk; kd;dh;fSk; ,ize;jpUf;fpwhh;fs;. fs;sh;fSk; ks;sh;fSk; xU
மள்ளர்நாடு 6

மள்ளர் ேரைாற்று உண்லமகள்
rkak; ,ize;J epd;W ehaf;fh; giliaj; Njhw;fbf;fpd;wdh;. ehaf;f
kd;h;fs; mikj;j ghisag;gl;Lfspy; rpy fhyk; ks;sh;
nghWg;Nghw;fpd;wdh;. ks;sh;fis typ Fd;wr; nra;tJ jhd; ehaf;fh;fspd;
Kjy; Fwpf;Nfhs;. Mhpa ehj Kjypahh; vd;w mNahf;fpad; ehaf;f
kd;dh;fSf;F MNyhrid toq;Ffpwhd;. kd;dh;fspd; tpiy epyq;fis
ehaf;fh;fs; gwpj;jdh;. Ch;fis tpl;L mth;fis tpul;bdh;. ehaf;f
kd;dh;fs; nra;j mopTr; nray;fSf;F mstpy;iy. Mq;fpNyah;fisg;
nghJ vjphp vdf; fUjp Re;juypq;fdhh;. fl;lnghk;kdpd; miog;ig vw;Wj;
jsgjpahf ,Ue;J பபாரிடுகிறார்;. Mq;fpNyahpd; ntb kUj;Jf;fplq;F
xd;iwj; jfh;f;Fk; Kiwapy; jw;nfhiyg; gilahfr; Re;juypq;fdhh; jd;id
kha;j;Jf;nfhs;fpwhh;.
fp.gp.12 Mk; E}w;whz;Lf;F gpwF ,e;jpar;Rje;jpu Nghuhl;lk; tiu
அன்னியg;gilnalg;Gfs; njhlh;e;J eilngw;why; kd;dh; ,dk; gok;
GfioAk; ngUikAk; ,oe;J epuhf;fjpa;wth;fshf Mf;fg;gl;lhh;fs;.
kPz;Lk;. Ml;rpiag; gpbj;J tplf;$lhJ vd;gjw;fhf gy rjpfisAk;
R+o;r;rpfisAk; nra;jdh;. ks;sh;fspd; nrhj;Jf;fisg; gwpj;J mth;fs;
mioj;j 72 ghisa;gl;Lf;fSf;Fr; Nrh;j;jdh. xU rpy ghiag;gl;Lfisj;
jkpoh;fSf;Ff; nfhLj;Jj; jkpoh;fisg; gphpj;jdh;. Kd;dh;fs; gw;wpa
tuyhw;Wr; rhd;Wfis fy;ntl;Lf;fis nrg;NgLfis Xiyr;rhd;Wfis
fy;ntl;Lf;fis nrg;NgLfis Xiyr;Rtbfis mopj;jdh;. xU rpy
jkpoh;fis ks;sh;fSf;F vjpuhf Vtptpl;ldh;. ks;sh;fs; fy;tpfw;ff;
$lhJ nrhj;Jf;fs; itj;Jf; nfhs;s $lhJ. tPLfs; itj;Jf;nfhs;s
$lhJ vd;gd Nghd;w fLikahd rl;lj;jpl;lq;fis ,aw;wp ks;sh;fis
mlf;fp xLf;fpdh;.
r%f hPjpahf kd;dh;fis ,opTgLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhf ehL KOtJk;
,jw;F Kd; ,Ue;j Vh;kq;;fyk; gilkq;fyk; coj;jpg;ghl;L Kfitg;ghl;L
மள்ளர்நாடு 7

மள்ளர் ேரைாற்று உண்லமகள்
thyp kq;fyk; kz;Zkq;fyk; VNuhh; fstopg;ghly;fs; Kjypatw;iwj;
jphpj;J khw;wpf; 70-80 f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l gs;Nsy;fs; vdg;gLk; gs;S E}y;fs;
,aw;wr;nra;jdh;. ,jd; %yk; tuyhw;Wg;ghuk;kpf;f ks;sh; vd;w ,g;ngah;
khw;wg;gl;L gs;sh; vd;fpw ngah; tpsk;gug;gLj;jg;gl;L epiy
ngwr;nra;ag;gl;lJ.
fp.gp. 12 –k; E}w;whz;bw;Fg; gpwF jkpo; kd;dh; tPo;r;rp ks;sh; tPo;r;rpahf
njhlq;fp fp.gp. 16- k; E}w;whz;bw;Fg; gpwF jkpo;r;r%fj;jpy; gs;sh;
tPo;r;rpahf Mf;fg;gl;lij ,yf;fpaq;fs; fhl;Lfpd;wd. jkpofj;jpy; 1378-y;
tp[a efug;Nguurpd; rhh;ghf ,uz;lhk; Fkhu fk;gz;zd; ,e;J ,uh[;aj;ij
– muir Vw;gLj;jpdhd;. njYq;F Ml;rp nkhopahdJ. md;W Kjy; ,d;W
tiu tp[a efu NguuRf;F jkpofk; mbikg;gl;L kPs Kbahky; jtpj;Jf;
nfhz;bUf;fpwJ.
ks;sh;fshf ,Ue;J kd;dh;fshf khwp cah;T ngw;w NjNte;jpu Fy
Ntshsh; rKjhak; gs;sh;fshf tPo;j;jg;gl;L rpijf;fg;gl;ldh;. jkpofj;jpy;
ey;y tpis epyq;fSk; MWfSk; kiyfSk; njYq;fh;fs; trkhapd.
njYq;fh;fs; ,e;J murpy; th;dhr;rpuk nfhs;isfisf; filgpbf;fpd;w
fhuzj;jhy; tPo;j;jg;gl;lth;fs; jho;j;jg;gl;lth;fshfNt Mf;fg;gl;ldh;.
jkpoh;fspd; vy;yh tifahd nrhj;J Rfk; njhopy;fSk; Kd;Ndw;wk;
murpay; nghUspay; Mjpf;fk; midj;Jk;njYq;fh;fs; trkha; ,Ue;J
tUfpwJ. jkpo;h;fs; nghj;jy;fskhfp Nghapdh;. eph;fjpahfg;gl;l jkpoh;fs;
gy E}W Mz;L fhyk; mbikfshf tho;e;Jtpl;lgbahy;! n[apdh;fsplk;
rpwe;j mbikfs; vd;w gl;lk; ngw;W nfhz;L tpsq;Ffs; Nghy;
tho;fpd;wdh;. cyfk; ghh;itapy; jkpoh;fs; mtkhdr;rpd;dq;fhfp tpl;ldh;.
vdNt jhd; ehL nkhop ,d czh;T VJk; mw;W [lkhfp Nghapdh;. vdNt
kPz;Lk; ehl;il fhf;f NjNte;jpuh; tpLjiy ngwhky; Ml;rp
chpikg;ngwhky; jkpoh; tpLjiy vd;gJ gfy; fdT ,yq;if jkpoh;
tpLjiy vd;gJ fhzy; ePh; jhd;. MfNt ,oe;j nrhj;Jf;;fis ngw
மள்ளர்நாடு 8

மள்ளர் ேரைாற்று உண்லமகள்
Ntz;Lk;. Ml;rp mjpfhuj;ijg; ngw Ntz;Lk;. ek;ik tPo;j;jp jho;j;jpa
gifath;fist Po;j;jpNa Mf Ntz;Lk; ,y;iy vdpy; mbik tho;Nt
nrhh;f;fk; vd;W mtkhdr;rpd;dq;fshf ,U;f NehpLk;.
,e;j tuyhw;Wf;flik kd;dh; kPJk; Rkj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. kd;dh; tPo;j;jg;gl;l
gpwF jkpofj;ij ahuhYk; fhg;ghw;w Kbatpy;iy. KbaTk; KbahJ! Vd;
vd;why; kPz;Lk; kd;dh; jiyikapy; Ml;rp mjpfhuk; te;jhy; xopa tpbT
fhyk; ,y;iy. jkpofk; 800(vl;E}w;whz;L fhyk;) fhty; mw;W Nghaptpl;lJ.
jkpof kf;fs; tho;f;if ghistdk; Mfptpl;lJ. tPo;e;Jtpl;l ehl;bd;
பேந்தர்கபள ! vOe;J thUq;fs; ekJ ehl;il NtW ahuhYk; ghJfhf;f
,ayhJ vd;gJ 800 Mz;L fhyk; ekf;F czh;j;jptpl;lJ. ehk; vOe;Jtpl;l
gpwF ahUk; Nghl;b ,yiy. jkpodpd; mhpahrdk; fhj;Jfplf;fpwJ
ahUf;fh? ,e;jpuDf;fhf – NjNte;jpuDf;fhf ehlk; tpl;l ,lj;ij 800
Mz;L fhyk; ahuhYk; epug;gl Kbatpy;iy. vj;jid fhyk; MdhYk;
,e;jpuNd te;Jjhd; rpk;khdrj;jpy; mku KbAk;. ,J tuyhW ekf;F ,l;l
fl;lis NkYk; ,J ekJ nghWg;Gk; flikAk; MFk;. ,JNt jUzk; !
,g;gNt vOe;Jth! vOe;J xd;Wg;gl;l gpwF vjph;f;Fk; rf;jpNa xd;Wk;
,y;iy md;W rhl;il MStJ vd;gjhtJ tPo;e;J Nghd jkpoh;fis
ghJfhj;J jiy epkph;e;J tho itg;gJ MFk;. ,ij ek;khy; kl;LNk
nra;a $ba caph; flikahFk;.
fhtphp njd; ngz;iz ghyhW – jkpo;
Fz;l Njhh;itia nghUid ejp – vd
NktpahW gyNthlj; - jpU
Nkdp nropj;j jkpo;ehL.
,dpa nghopyl;fs; neba tay;fs;
vz;zUk; ngUehL
fdpAk; fpow;Fk; jhdpaq;fSk;
மள்ளர்நாடு 9

மள்ளர் ேரைாற்று உண்லமகள்
fzpf;fpd;wj;jF ehL – ej;j epj;jk;
fzf;fpd;wjpjU ehL – ghujp
mfpYk; Njf;Fk; ,opahf;Fd;wk; vd;W ghba ghNte;jh; ghujp nrhd;d
அத்தலன tsq;fSk; epyq;fSk; ek; ifia tpl;L Nghapd.
tp[aefu Nguurpd; gilnaL;g;gpd; NghJ gil typik nfhz;L ek;ik
jhf;fp tPo;j;jp ekJ nrhj;Jf;fis ghpj;jf;nfhz;ldh;. mNjhL kl;Lk;
my;yhky; ek;ik jho;e;j rhjpapduhf Mf;fpath;fs; njYq;fh;fNs! md;W
Kjy; ,d;W tiu tp[a efu Nguurpd; Ml;rp jhd; jkpofj;jpy; eilngw;W
tUfpwJ. th;zhr;rpuk jh;kk; jj;Jtkhf nfhz;L njYq;fh; Mjpf;f
rf;jpahf nfhz;L jq;fis epiy epWj;jpf; nfhz;ldh;. MfNt jkpoh;fs;
kPs mbikfshf khwp mjpNyNa jpioj;Jk; tpLfpwhh;fs;. jkpoh;fs;
tpLjiyahtjw;F ,d;W tiu ahUk; top fz;L gpbf;fNtapy;iy.
jkpoh;fs; mbikahdJ kl;Lky;yhky; nghwpaw;w tpyq;Ffs; Nghy;
nra;tjwpahky; tho;fpd;wdh;.
kiyfspy; ,uhzp vd;wiof;fg;gLk; ePyfphpkiyapy; ngUk;gFjp
nrhj;Jf;fs; kj;jpa mikr;ruhf ,Ue;j gpuG ehAltlKk; kw;Wk; lhlh>
gph;yh vd;wthW tl ehl;bdhplk; ,Uf;fpwJ. Jkpoh;fs; nfhj;jbikfshf
fhyq;fhykhf cioj;J tUfpd;wdh;. jkpofj;jpd; gy;NtW kiyg; gFjp
epyq;fs; - nrhj;Jf;fs; jkpoh;fsplk; ,y;iy. khQ;Nrhiy Kjy; thy;ghiw
tiuapYk; kiy Njhl;lq;fspy; ekJ kf;fh; gy fhyk; mbikfshf
tho;e;J tUfpwhh;fs;.
jkpof njhopw;rhiyfspd; Kjyhspfs; rq;f jiyth;fshf Nfhit yl;Rkp
kpy; mjpgh; G.K.Re;juk; ehAL gy fhyk; gjtp tfpj;J tUfpwhh;. ekJ
kf;fs; $yp mbikfshf fhyk; js;Sfpwhh;fs;. jkpof tptrhapfspd;
rq;fj; jiyth;fshf Nfhit khtl;lj;ij rhh;e;j ehuhaz rhkp ehAL
மள்ளர்நாடு 10

மள்ளர் ேரைாற்று உண்லமகள்
jiyik Vw;W jkpofj;ijNa Ml;b gilj;jhh;. mg;NghJ gpujkuhapUe;j
,e;jpuhfhe;jp mk;ikahh; jkpof Kjy;th;fshf ,Ue;J vk;.[p.Mh;.fUzhepjp
cs;gl gy jiyth;fs; jpU. Ehuhaz rhkp ehALit mtuJ ,y;yj;jpy;
re;jpj;J jq;fSf;F MjuT Ntz;bdh;.
tpQ;Qhdp vd;W nrhd;dhy; G.D.ehAL jhd; cyfpw;F mwpKfkhapUf;fpwhh;.
,d;W cs;s uh[ghisak; mjd; ngah;
gioa ghisak;. Me;jpuhtpy;
,Ue;J 15-k; E}w;whz;by; FbNawp uh[Pf;fs;> ,uh[ghisak; vd;W Mf;fp
nfhz;ldh;. mq;F njhopw;rhiyfs; tsq;fs; mj;jiiAk; te;Njwpfs;
ifg;gw;wpf; nfhz;ldh;. ekJ kf;fs; njhz;L Copak; nra;fpd;wdh;.
kUj;Jtj; Jiw vd;why; mg;NghNyh kUj;Jtkidapd; gpujhg; nul;b, ePjp
Jiwapy; Gfo; ngw;w tof;fwpQh;fs; jpU.vj;jpuh[Y ehAL, jpUr;rpapy;
tpUj;jhr;ry nul;bah;, jkpo;ehl;bd; je;ij nghpahUk; xU njhYq;fh;jhd;.
me;j ,lj;jpw;F ve;j xU jkpoDf;Fk; jFjp ,y;yhky; Nghaptpl;lJ. Nkw;
nrhd;ditfs; rpy rhd;WfNs jtpu nkhj;j jkpo;ehl;bd; gl;bay; my;y.
jkpo;ehL / nrd;id khfzk; (1920 -1947)
(jkpo;ehL / Me;jpuhtpy; 12 khtl;lq;fs;> fh;ehlf> Nfushtpd; rpy gFjpfs;)
vz; Kjyikr;rh;fs; gjtpf;fhyk; jha;nkhop
1. jpU.m.Rg;guhaY nul;bah; 17.12.1920 - 11.07.121 njYq;F
2. Gdfy; uh[h 11.07.1921 - 3.12.1926 njYq;F
3. lhf;lh;.gp.Rg;guhad; 04.12.1926 - 7.10.1930 jkpo;
4. jpU.gp.KDrhkp ehAL 27.10.1930 - 4.11.1932 njYq;F
5. jpU.,uhkfpU\;z uq;fhuht; 05.11.1932 - 4.04.1936 njYq;F
(nghg;gpyp uh[h)
24.08.1936 - 1.04.1937
6. jpU.gp.b.uh[d; 04.04.1936 - 4.08.1936 jkpo;
7. jpU.fh;kh ntq;flnul;b 01.04.1937 - 4.07.1937 njYq;F
ehAL
8. jpU.rp.,uh[Nfhghyr;rhhp 14.07.1937 - 9.10.1939
10.04.1952 - 3.04.1954
njYq;F
மள்ளர்நாடு 11

மள்ளர் ேரைாற்று உண்லமகள்
9. jpU.b.jq;fj;Jhp gpufhrk; 30.04.1947 - 3.03.1947 njYq;F
10. jpU.x.gp.,uhkrhkp nul;bah; 23.03.1347 - 6.04.1947 njYq;F
11. jpU.gp.v];.Fkhurhkp uh[h 06.04.1947 - 9.04.1952 njYq;F
jkpo;ehL-nrd;id khfhzkhf ,Ue;J nghOJ nkhj;j kf;fs; njhifapy;
jkpo; nkhopapdh;-63% fd;dl nkhopapdh;-10% gpw nkhopapdh;-1% njYq;F
nkhopapdh;-24%kiyahs nkhopapdh;-2%. jpUg;gjp> rpj;J}h; khtl;lq;fis
Me;jpuhtplKk;> Nfhyh;> ngq;fSh; gFjpfis fh;ehlfhtplKk;> neLkq;fhL
%zhW> ,Lf;fp> NjtpFsk;> gPh;NkL> ghyf;fhL Mfpatw;iwf; NfushtplKk;
gwp nfhLj;jgpd; vQ;rpa gFjpfs;
vz;. Kjyikr;rh;fs; gjtpf;fhyk; jha;nkhop
1 jpU.Nf.fhkuh[; 13.04.1954-12.04.1957 jkpo;
2 jpU.vk; gf;tj;ryk; 13.04.1957-12.10.1963 jkpo;
3 rp.vd;.mz;zhj;Jiu 02.10.1963-06.03.1967 njYq;F
4 K.fUzhepjp 10.02.1969-04.01.1971 njYq;F
15.03.1971-31.01.1976
27.01.1989-30.01.1991
13.05.1996-13.05.2001
13.05.2006- 01.05.2011
5 k.Nfh.,uhkr;re;jpu Nkdd; 30.06.1977-17.02.1980 kiyahsk;
(vk;.[p.Mh;)
09.06.1980-15.11.1984
10.02.1985- 24.12.198
6 jpUkjp. [hdfp 07.01.1989-30.01.1988 kiyahsk;
,uhkr;re;jpuNkdd;
7 n[.n[ayypjh 24.06.1991-02.05.1996 fd;dlk;
14.05.2001-21.09.2001
02.03.2002-12.05.2006
8 x.gd;dPh;nry;tk; 21.09.2001- 01.03.2002 jkpo;
மள்ளர்நாடு 12

மள்ளர் ேரைாற்று உண்லமகள்
jkpo;ehl;bd; nkhj;j kf;fs; njhifapy; jkpo; nkhopapdh; - 74%, njYq;F
nkhopapd; - 14%, fd;dl nkhopapdh; - 8%, tl nkhopapdh; - 2%>
nrsuh\;buh nkhopapdh; - 0.25%, gpw nkhopapdh; -17.5%.
,g;NghJ ekf;F Xh; cz;ik GhpatUk;. 1944-y; nghpahh; “ jpuhtplk;” vDk; nrhy;yhly; Vd;
tsh;f;fg;gLfpwJ? tpuy; Edpapy; itf;fg;gLk; “ fWg;F ik” ek; Kfj;jpYk;
G+rg;gLtij vg;gbj; jLg;gJ? . . . .
njYq;fh; fUzhepjpapd; jkpof Kjy;th; gjtpf;F khw;whf Kjy;th;
gjtpapy; mku xU kiyahsp k.Nfh. ,uhkre;jpu Nkdd; mth;fshy; kl;LNk
KbfpwJ. xU fd;dl n[ayypjhtpdhy; kl;LNk KbfpwJ. NkYk; me;j
,lj;jpw;F NghuhLk; jFjpia tsh;j;Jf; nfhs;s xU it. Nfhghy;rhkp
njYq;fuhy; kl;LNk rhj;jpakhfpwJ. ,d;W fUzhepjp> n[ayypjhtpw;F
Nghl;bah jd;id %d;whk; ,lj;jpy; jf;f itj;Jf; nfhz;L Kjy; ,lj;ij
gpbf;f NghuhLk; jFjpia xU tp[afhe;j; vd;w njYq;fuhy; kl;LNk
Kbfpw fhhpakhf ,Uf;fpwJ.
me;j Nghuhl;l vy;iyf;Fs; EioaNt xU jkpoDf;fhtJ ,ayhky;
Nghfpw mtyk; NtW ve;j ,dj;jpw;fhtJ cz;lh? NjNte;jpu Fy Ntshsh;
kf;fSf;F mij gw;wp epidg;gjw;Nf Neuk; ,y;iy! vdNt Nkw;fz;l
jftypd; gb jkpofk; ,d;W tiu tp[aefu Nguurpd; Ml;rp mjpfhuk;
klp;LNk eilngw;W tUfpwJ vd;gJ njsthfpwJ.
“ve;j xU ehl;bYk; Ml;rp mjpfhuk; Mf;fj;jpd; NghJ me;j ehl;by; cs;s
Mjpf;f rf;jpfs; fMl;rp mjpfhuj;ij ifg;gw;wpf; nfhs;thh;fs; vd;fgJ
cyf ehL KOtJk; cs;s xU nghJ fUj;jhFk; - epajpahFk;. MfNt
மள்ளர்நாடு 13

மள்ளர் ேரைாற்று உண்லமகள்
ehk; mbik th;f;fj;jpy; ,Ue;J ek;ik MSk; th;f;fkhf khw;wpf;nfhs;shj
tiuapy; Ml;rp mjpfhuk; vd;gij epidj;Jf; $l ghh;f;fKbahJ.
[g;gd; ehl;by; 1½ Mz;Lfspy; jhq;fs; ,oe;j mjpfhuj;ij kPl;Lf;
nfhz;ldh;. 1917-y; u\;ahrpy; [hh; kd;dd; tPo;j;jg;gl;L nkd; ];ypf;Ffs;
Ml;rp mjpfhuj;ij ifg;gw;wpf; nfhz;ldh;. kPz;Lk; nydpd; jiyikapy;
1919-y; Nghy;];tpf;Ffs; ghl;lhsp kf;fspd; rhh;ghf Ml;rpia ifg;gw;wp
nfhz;ldh;.
Mdhy; ,e;jpahtpy; kl;Lk; Mhpah;fshy; Njhw;fbf;fg;gl;l jpuhtplh;fs; 5>000
ie;J Mapuk; Mz;Lfshf jhq;fs; ,oe;j mjpfhuj;ij kPl;L nfhs;sNt
Kbatpy;iy. ,t;tsT ePz;lfhy mbikfs;cyfpy; NtW vq;Fk; ,y;iy.
mNjNghy; fp.gp. 1-k; E}w;whz;S tPo;j;jg;gl;l NjNte;jpuh; ,d;W tiuapYk;
jq;fis tpLtpj;Jf; nfhs;sNt ,Uf;ftpy;iy. mjw;fhd தலைேர்களும் >
mikg;gfSk; Njhd;wNt ,y;iy vd;gJ Njidahd nra;jpahFk;.
,d;W tiuapYk; tp[a efu Nguurpd; Ml;rpaNa eilngw;w tUfpwJ vd;gj
$l czuT ,y;igh. kf;fsf;F mij czh;j;jg;glTk; ,y;iy.
tPuh;fs;Nghy;fhl;bf;nfhz;ljiyth;fSk; Nfhioffs; Nghy; ifA+l;L
ngw;Wf;nffhz;L kf;fsitAk;> mzpfisAk; tQ;rpj;J tpl;L rpy;yiuNa
NghJnkd;W rpy;yiuahfp Nghapdh;.
,jw;F fhuzk; gyE}W Mz;Lfshf mikahfp Nghdikahy; me;j mbik
kNdhghtk; kl;Lk ;mth;fis tpahgpj;jpUg;gjhy; ,e;j ,opepiy kf;fSk;
tuyhWk; vt;tsT vt;tsT jhd; J}f;fpg; gpbj;jhYk; ! பதபேந்திரர்கள்
அலமப்பாய் அணிதிரள சதரியாதேர்கள் vd;W tuyhW ghlk; Gfl;lg;gl;ls;sJ.
“tuyhW nhpahjtDf;Fk;> njhpe;Jk; njhpahjjNghypUg;gtDf;Fk;
tpLjiy ,y;iy” ks;shpaj;jpd; je;ij ,uh. Njt Mrph;thjk;
…சதாடரும் ேரைாறு
மள்ளர்நாடு 14

மள்ளர் ேரைாற்று உண்லமகள்
மள்ளர்நாடு 15