in Nepali - DCAF

ljifoj:t' ljifoj:t' s] s] xf] xf] <
<
s:tf s:tf kfqx¿n] kfqx¿n] ;z:q ;z:q anx¿df anx¿df ljljwtf
ljljwtf
Joj:yfkg Joj:yfkg ug{ ug{ of]ubfg of]ubfg lbg lbg ;S5g\ ;S5g\ / / s;/L s;/L <
<
;z:q ;z:q anx¿df anx¿df hftLo hftLo ;d"xx¿;Fu ;d"xx¿;Fu Jojxf/ Jojxf/ ubf{
ubf{
kfngf kfngf ug'{ ug'{ kg]{ kg]{ l;4fGtx¿ l;4fGtx¿ s] s] x'g\ x'g\ <
<
;z:q ;z:q anx¿df anx¿df hftLo hftLo ;d"xx¿sf] ;d"xx¿sf] ;Gt'lnt
;Gt'lnt
k|ltlglWfTj k|ltlglWfTj ;'lglZrt ;'lglZrt ug{] ug{] k2tLx¿ k2tLx¿ s] s] 5g\ 5g\ <
<
åGåf]Q/ åGåf]Q/ cj:yfdf cj:yfdf cj:yfdf ax'hftLo ax'hftLo ax'hftLo ;]gfx¿sf] ;]gfx¿sf] ;]gfx¿sf] ;DaGwdf
;DaGwdf
;DaGwdf
ljrf/0fLo ljrf/0fLo vf; vf; vf; s'/fx¿ s'/fx¿ s] s] 5g\ 5g\ 5g\ <
<
;z:qanx¿df ;z:qanx¿df ax'hftLotfsf] ax'hftLotfsf] nflu nflu d'Vo
d'Vo
;+/rgfTds ;+/rgfTds k2ltx¿ k2ltx¿ s] s] 5g\ 5g\ <
<
;Da4 ;Da4 ljifox¿
ljifox¿
yk yk hfgsf/L
hfgsf/L
DCAF Backgrounder
ax'hftLo ax'hftLo ;'/Iff ;'/Iff anx¿
anx¿ kmfu'g @)^^
;z:q ;z:q anx¿sf] anx¿sf] nf]stflGqs
nf]stflGqs
lgoGq0f;DaGwL lgoGq0f;DaGwL h]g]ef h]g]ef s]Gb|
s]Gb|
of] b:tfj]h l8l;PPkm Aofsu|fp08/ >[ª\vnfsf] cË
xf] h;n] k|of]ustf{x¿nfO{ ;'/Iff If]q zf;g tyf
;'/Iff If]q ;'wf/sf] ljljw ljifoa:t'x¿df ;+lIfKt
hfgsf/L k|bfg ub{5 .
ljifoj:t' ljifoj:t' s] s] xf] xf] <
<
sltko b]zx¿sf nflu pgLx¿sf ;}lgs
;+/rgfdf /fli6«o tyf hftLo ljljwtf
Joj:yfkg ug] { s'/f k|d'v r'gf}tL ag]sf] 5 .
ax'hftLo /fHodf hgtfn] ;z:q anx¿df
ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ xf] / ;z:q anx¿n]
pgLx¿sf nIo k'/f ug]{ xf] eg] ;z:q
anx¿n] kof{Kt ?Kfdf ldl>t ;dfhsf] emns
lbg' kb{5 . o;sf] ;Fu;Fu} pgLx¿n] PSoa4
tyf k|efjsf/L ?kdf sfd ug{sf] nflu ;z:q
anx¿df cfkm\gf ;b:ox¿df ePsf] leGg
klxrfgx¿nfO{ ;d]6\g] ;femf b"/b[li6 x'g'
kb{5 .
;]gfdf ljljwtfsf] Joj:yfkg ;du|
;dfhleqsf] ljljwtf Joj:yfkg ug]{
k|lqmofsf] cË xf] hf] /fhg}lts :yfloTj tyf
j[l4sf] nflu cfjZos 5, vf;u/L To:tf]
;dfhsf] h;sf] agfj6 dxTjk"0f{ tyf xfn
rfn" kl/jt{gaf6 k|efljt x'g ;Sb5 .
of] n]v o'/f]-P6nflG6s If]qsf b]zx¿sf]
;z:q anx¿df ax'hftLotfsf] ljifoj:t'df
s]Gb|Lt /x]sf] 5 . s'g} vf; :yfgdf pNn]v
ug' { kg] { 7fFpdf afx]s hflt tyf hftLotf
eGg] zAbx¿nfO{ wfld{s, hfltut tyf eflifs
zAbx¿;Fu ;dfgfyL{ ?kdf k|of]u
ul/Psf] 5 .
Aofsu|fp08/sf] o; cÍdf ;'/Iff If]qsf cGo
cËx¿sf /fli6«o cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf]
k|ltlglwTjsf] af/]df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5}g h'g

2
ax'hftLo ;'/Iff anx¿
u'Ktr/ If]q tyf gful/s Joj:yfkg tyf
;'kl/j]If0f k|flwsf/x¿sf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] lgo'lQmdf
ljif]zu/L r'gf}tLk"0f{ k|Zg x'g ;Sb5 .
s:tf s:tf kfqx¿n] kfqx¿n] ;z:q ;z:q anx¿df anx¿df ljljwtf
ljljwtf
Joj:yfkg Joj:yfkg ug{ ug{ of]ubfg of]ubfg lbg lbg ;S5g\ ;S5g\ /
/
s;/L s;/L <
<
;+;b÷Joj:yfksLo lgsfox¿
• lgod tyf lgb] {lzsfx¿sf] d:of}bf tof/
ug{ ;Sb5g\ .
• ax'hftLo d'2fx¿df :yfoL ;ldltx¿
:yfkgf ug{ ;Sb5g\ tyf ljz]if cg';Gwfg
jf ;TotYo kQf nufpg] sfo{x¿ ug{
;Sb5g\ .
• ;}lgs hfFra'em lgsfo jf dxflg/LIfs h:tf
;'kl/j]IosLo ;+/rgfsf] :yfkgfsf] cfb]z
lbg ;Sb5g\ .
• ax'hftLo d'2fx¿;Fu ;DalGwt ljz]if
sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ plrt /sd ljlgof]hg ug{
;Sb5g\ .
/Iff dGqfno
• ljefuLo sfo{ljlwx¿÷sfo{sf/L cfb]zx¿sf]
d:of}bf tof/ ug{ ;Sb5 .
• sfo{ ;d"xx¿, hfFra'em lgsfo cflb h:tf
;+/rgfut ;dfwfgsf] ;[hgf ug{ ;Sb5 .
• ax'hftLo ;DaGwx¿ ;'wf/ug]{ ljz]if
sfo{qmdx¿sf] :yfkgfdf ;xof]u ug{
;Sb5 .
JolQmut ;}Go ;]jfx¿
• c;n cGt/hftLo ;DaGwsf] /fli6«o
;+/rgfdf cNk;ª\Vos hfltx¿sf] k"0f{
;+/If0f ;'lglZrt ug{ ;+/rgf tyf
sfo{qmdx¿ ljsf; ug{ ;Sb5 .
• ;}lgs Gofosf] dfWodaf6 sfof{Gjog ug{
;Sb5 .
Goflos zfvf
• JolQm tyf ;+:yfx¿nfO{ lhDd]jf/ 7x/fO{
sfg"gsf] kfngf u/fpg ;S5 .
;z:q ;z:q anx¿df anx¿df hftLo hftLo ;d"xx¿;Fu ;d"xx¿;Fu Jojxf/
Jojxf/
ubf{ ubf{ kfngf kfngf ug'{ ug'{ kg]{ kg]{ l;4fGtx¿ l;4fGtx¿ s] s] x'g\ x'g\ <
<
cGt/hftLo ;lxi0f'tf k|f]T;fxg ug{ ] ;fwgsf] ?kdf
;z:q annfO{ k|of]u ug{ ] cfjZostf tyf cj;/
af6 ;fdfGo k|0ffnL lgb] {lzt x'g' kb{5 . ;]gfn]
;a}sf] nflu ;dfg cj;/ k|bfg ug' { kb{5 tyf
lje]bnfO{ sbfkL ;xg ug' { x' Fb}g / lgo'lQm tyf
a9'jf k|lqmofx¿df kf/bzL{tf tyf hjfkmb]xLtfsf]
;'lglZrttf ul/g' kb{5 .
cNk;ª\Vosx¿nfO{ ;dflxt dfq ug{ vf]Hg] ;z:q
anx¿n] cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf] clwsf/nfO{ vt/fdf
kfg{ ;Sb5, h;n] ;]gf leq tyf ;fwf/0f hgtfdf
klg åGå ;[hgf ub{5 . ;]gfn] /fi6«sf
cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf] d"NodfGotfx¿ tyf ;fF:s[lts
;+j]bgzLntfx¿ ;]gfleq k"0f{ ?kdf ;'/lIft ePsf]
s'/f ;'lglZrt ug' { kb{5 .
;z:q ;z:q anx¿df anx¿df hftLo hftLo ;d"xx¿sf]
;d"xx¿sf]
;Gt'lnt ;Gt'lnt k|ltlglWfTj k|ltlglWfTj ;'lglZrt ;'lglZrt ug{
ug{
] ] ] ] ] k2tLx¿
k2tLx¿
s] s] 5g\ 5g\ <
<
;+:yfut tyf dfGo ;+oGqx¿
;Gt'lnt ;Gt'lnt cNk;ª\Vos cNk;ª\Vos k|ltlglwTj k|ltlglwTj ;'lglZrt ;'lglZrt ug{sf]
ug{sf]
nflu nflu ax'd'vL ax'd'vL ;}lgs ;}lgs ;+/rgfx¿ ;+/rgfx¿ .
. ;f+:s[lts ?kdf
km/s lsl;dsf PsfOx¿sf] lgdf{0f ugf{n] klxn]sf
c;Gt'lnt ;}lgs ;xeflutfdf ;'wf/ x'G5 .
;z:q anx¿sf] nf]stflGqs lgoGq0f;DaGwL h]g]ef s]Gb|

pbfx/0fsf] nflu :jL6\h/Nof08\df ;Dej eP;Dd
k|fGtLo tyf eflifs wf/df ;+ul7t ul/Psf
6's8Lx¿sf] ax'd'vL ;}lgs ;+/rgf 5 . t/ ljz]if1
6's8Ln] ax'eflifs 6's8L klg lgdf{0f ug{ ;S5g\,
/Iff dGqfnosf sd{rf/L tyf clws[t txsf] nflu
ax'eflifstf x'g' clgjfo{ 5 .
cfkm\g} efiffdf cfb]z lbg kfOof]; eGg] a]lNhod
ˆn]ldz tyf Sofgfl8ofnL k|mfGsf]kmf]gsf
rfxfgfcg';f/ a]lNhod / Sofgf8fn] bf]xf]/f] ;}Go
;+/rgfsf] :yfkgf u/]sf 5g\ . Sofgf8fdf o:tf
6's8Lx¿sf] :yfkgfn] ubf{ w]/} c;/x¿
k/]sf] 5 .
• cfkm\g} efiffdf ul/g] /fd|f] ;`rf/ bIftfn]
ubf{ To:tf 6's8Lsf k|mfGsf]kmf]g
clws[tx¿nfO{ kmfObf eP .
• k|m]Gr-efifL 6's8Lsf k|mfGsf]kmf]g clws[tx¿
pgLx¿sf k|mfGsf]kmf]g ;}lgsx¿sf ;fF:s[lts
ljlzi6tfx¿;Fu a9L cEo:t x'G5g\ / To;}n]
ubf{ pgLx¿ cem ;kmn g]tf x'G5g\ / c+u| ]hL–
efifL 6's8Lsf PËnf]kmf]g ;xsdL{x¿ h:t}
l56f] -pgLx¿eGbf a9L gePtf klg_ a9'jf
x'G5g\ .
• ;z:q an el/ g} k|m]Gr-efifL 6's8Lsf]
:yfkgfn] ubf{ a9'jf sf]6f h:tf];'s} ePklg
sg]{n, /yLx¿ tyf clws[t sd{rf/Lx¿
x'gsf] nflu bf]efif] x'g' cfjZos eof] .
;z:q andf ;dfg cj;/sf] sfof{Gjog ug] {
dfGotfx¿ . cd]l/sfdf ;a} JolQmx¿nfO{
pgLx¿sf] hflt, j0f{, wd{ jf /fli6«o pTktL h]
;'s] ePtf klg ;]gfdf ;dfg Jojxf/ ;'lglZrt
ug{sf] nflu ;g\ !($* df sfo{sf/L cfb]z
g+= ((*! hf/L eof] . ;g\ !(&! df ;/sf/nfO{
;Nnfx lbg tyf tflnd ;~rfng ug{sf] nflu
;z:q anx¿sf] nf]stflGqs lgoGq0f;DaGwL h]g]ef s]Gb|
ax'hftLo ;'/Iff anx¿
k|lt/Iff hftLo ;DaGw ;+:yf (Defense Race
Relations Institute) sf] :yfkgf ul/of] o;nfO{
kl5 gfd kl/jt{g u/L k|lt/Iff ;dfg cj;/
Joj:yfkg ;+:yf (Defense Equal
Opportunity Management Institute)
agfO{Psf] lyof] .
;+o'Qm clw/fHodf ;g\ @))) df ;z:q anx¿df
/fli6«o cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf] Go"g ;xeflutfnfO{ ;'wf/
ug{ cflwsfl/s gLlt æ;dfg k|ltlglwTjsf] nfluÆ
nfu" ul/of] . -l;hLP;, ;]gfsf] nflu ;dfg cj;/
;DaGwL lgb] {lzsf_ .
cNk;ª\Vos cNk;ª\Vos ;xeflutfdf ;xeflutfdf cf/If0f cf/If0f ljz]if Joj:yf,
pbfx/0fsf] nflu s]xL ;}lgs txx¿ / ;+/rgfx¿df
cfzfltt xb;Dd cNk;ª\Vos ;xeflutf / To:tf
cf/If0f k'/f ug{sf] nflu gLltx¿sf] lgdf{0f .
;g\ !(^) sf] bzsdf Sofgf8fdf ;z:q andf
hg;+Vofsf] em08} tLg rf}yfO{ ePsf] ax';ª\Vos
P+Unf]kmf]g / hg;ª\Vofsf] Ps rf}yfO{ ePsf]
k|mfGsf]kmf]g cNk;ª\Vossf] ljefhgsf] Pp6f d'2f
k|mfGsf]kmf]g cNk;ª\Vossf] ;z:q an vf;u/L
clws[t txdf Go"g k|ltlglwTj lyof] . k|mfGsf]kmf]g
;d'bfosf] k|ltlglwTj j[l4 ug{] ck]Iffsf ;fy
clws[t txsf] nflu ;sf/fTds cf/If0f, ljz]if
tflnd sfo{qmdx¿ / eflifs cfjZostfx¿df
kl/jt{g h:tf s'/fx¿ nfu" ul/P . o;n] ubf{
tLg j6} ;]jf / ;a} ;}lgs ljwfx¿df k|m]Gr–efifL
6's8Lx¿sf] :yfkgfn] ubf{ k|m]Gr efiff af]Ng]
clws[tx¿sf] ;ª\VofTds j[l4df pNn]vgLo k|efj
k/]sf] lyof] .
;g\ !(() sf] k'jf{wdf blIf0f clk|msL /fli6«o
k|lt/Iff ann] u/]sf] h:tf] hftLo ;lxi0f'tfnfO{
dWogh/ u/L ;z:q ;z:q ansf] ansf] cfrf/;+lxtfnfO{
cfrf/;+lxtfnfO{
cjnDag cjnDag ug'{ ug'{ .
.
3

4
ax'hftLo ;'/Iff anx¿
;z:q ;z:q anx¿df anx¿df ax'hftLotfsf] ax'hftLotfsf] nflu nflu d'Vo d'Vo ;+/rgfTds ;+/rgfTds k2ltx¿ k2ltx¿ s] s] 5g\ 5g\ <
<
;]gfdf ;]gfdf cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf nflu nflu ljz]if
ljz]if
sfo{qmd sfo{qmd ePsf ePsf b]zx¿
b]zx¿
o; ;d"xdf cd]l/sf, ci6] «lnof / Go"lhNof08\
h:tf w]/} ;+Vofdf cfk|jf;Lx¿nfO{ cfsif{0f ug] {
b]zx¿ / cNk;+Vosx¿n] k/Dk/fut ?kdf
lgDgju{sf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ b]zx¿
kb{5g\ .
PsfOx¿ ldl>t x'G5g / pgLx¿sf] u7g k|fo
klxrfgsf] cfwf/df x' Fb}g .
o; ;d"xsf b]zx¿sf] k|0ffnL ljljwtf
Joj:yfkgdf cfwfl/t 5 / ;z:q ansf]
;dfof]hgsf] ;fwgsf] ?kdf k|of]u of]Uotfdf
cfwfl/t 5 .
cNk;+Vosx¿sf] ;+t'lnt k|ltlGflwTjsf] ] nflu
;lqmo ?kdf pkfox¿ cjnDag ul/G5 .
Kf|foh;f] oL b]zx¿df ;]gfsf] tNnf txx¿df
cNk;+Vosx¿sf] ;dfof]hg ;kmntfk"js{ ePsf]
5, t/ clws[t txx¿df cem} klg cNk;+Vosx¿sf]
Go"g k|ltlglwTj /x]sf] kfO{G5 .
Kf|efjsf/L ljljwtf Joj:yfkg ;]gfdf ;dfg
cj;/sf] sfof{Gjogsf] ;'lglZrttf ug{ ] ljz]if
gLltx¿df k|lt:yflkt x'G5 .
;dfhsf] tNnf] txsf] cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf nflu
;}lgs ;]jf cem a9L cfslif{t x'g ;Sb5 Ù /
o;n] ubf{ cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf] cToflws
k|ltlglwTj x'g ;Sb5 .
;dfg ;dfg x}l;otsf x}l;otsf b'O{ b'O{ jf jf b'O{ b'O{ eGbf eGbf a9L a9L ;d"xx¿sf]
;d"xx¿sf]
nflu nflu ;dfgfGt/ ;dfgfGt/ ;}lgs ;}lgs ;+/rgf ;+/rgf ePsf ePsf b]zx¿
b]zx¿
d'Vo d'Vo ljz]iftfx¿
ljz]iftfx¿
o; ;d"xdf Sofgf8f, a]lNhod tyf ;+o'Qm
clw/fHo h:tf b'O{ jf ;f] eGbf a9L ;+:yfks jf
36s /fi6«x¿ ePsf jf :jL6\h/Nof08\df h:tf] eflifs
;d"xx¿sf] ;fy;fy} pNn]vgLo ?kdf cNk;ª\Vosx¿
klg ePsf b]zx¿ kb{5g\ .
PsfOx¿nfO{ klxrfgsf] cfwf/df u7g ul/Psf] x'G5
t/ of] /fi6«sf lgdf{0fdf pNn]Vo e"ldsf v]n]sf ;d'bfo
jf o;sf] s'g} Ps 36s ;d"xsf] nflu k|fo l;ldt
x'G5 .
o; ;d"xsf] k|0ffnL 36s ;d"xx¿sf] nflu ljz]if
k|ltlglwTjsf ;fy} cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf] nflu of]Uotfsf]
cfwf/df a9'jf k|f]T;fxg ug]{ sfo{qmdx¿df
cfwfl/t 5 .
;a} 36s ;d'bfox¿sf] k|ltlglwTj ;'lglZrt ug{sf]
nflu ;lqmo ?kdf pkfox¿ cjnDag ul/G5 .
36s cNk;+Vosx¿sf cNk;+Vosx¿sf] clws[t
txx¿df /fd|} k|ltlglwTj eP tfklg u}/36s
cNk;+Vosx¿sf] Go"g k|ltlglwTj x'g] k|j[lt x'g]
ub{5 .
d'Vo d'Vo d'Vo ljz]iftfx¿
ljz]iftfx¿
;dfgfGt/ ;}lgs ;+/rgfn] 36s /fli6«o ;d"xx¿nfO{
;dfg Jojxf/ ub{5 t/ u}/36s ;d"xnfO{ eg] o:tf]
gug{ ;Sb5 . gful/s zlQmsf] ;xof]usf] nflu ;]gfsf]
x:tIf]k cfjZos ePsf] cfGtl/s ;+s6sf] a]nf
;dfgfGt/ ;}lgs ;+/rgfn] :yfgLo ;d'bfo;Fu ldNg]
PsfO pknAw u/fO{ ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] lx:;f aGg
;Sb5 . o;sf ;fy} b]zeGbf aflx/ kl/rflnt
lqmofsnfkx¿df o:tf PsfOsf] pkl:yltn] æ/fli6«oÆ
;}lgs ;]jfdf cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf] of]ubfgnfO{ ;d]t
phfu/ ub{5 .
d'Vo d'Vo ljz]iftfx¿
ljz]iftfx¿
;dfgfGt/ ;}lgs ;+/rgfdf k|zf;g tyf tflnddf
yk vr{ cfjZos x'g] ;S5 .
;]gfdf ;]gfdf cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf] cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf] nflu nflu ljif]z
ljif]z
sfo{qmd sfo{qmd gePsf gePsf b]zx¿
b]zx¿
o; ;d"xdf P]ltxfl;s ?kdf k|e'TjzfnL
/fli6«o ;d'bfo ePsf / dfGotfk|fKt
u/]sf jf gu/]sf pNn]Vo?kdf cNk;ª\Vosx¿
ePsf k|mfG;, hd{gL, /f]dfgLof, a'Nu]/Lof h:tf
o'/f] P6nflG6s b]zx¿ kb{5g\ .
cNk;ª\Vostfsf] x}l;otnfO{ s'g} dxTj glbO{
PsfOx¿ u7g ul/G5g\ .
o; ;d"xsf b]zx¿sf] k|0ffnLn] k|e'TjzfnL
/fli6«o ;d'bfosf] lxtnfO{ dxTj lbG5 . o;n] ;a}
hgtf /fi6«sf] e"efu leq hGdsf] cfwf/df Tof]
;d'bfosf] cËsf] ?kdf dfGg ;Sb5 .
o; ;d"xdf ;fdfGotM ;]gfdf cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf]
k|ltlglwTj k|f]T;fxg ug{ jf cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf]
clwsf/ /Iffug] { s'g} cflwsfl/s pkfox¿ 5}gg\ .
ljleGg txx¿df ;lDd>gnfO{ k|f]T;fxg lbOG5 .
;]gfdf pNn]Vo ;+Vofdf cNk;+Vosx¿ ePtfklg
clws[t txdf Go"g k|ltlglwTj 5 .
hftLo ;d"xx¿dfem alnof] /fli6«o klxrfg
5 eg] o; ;d"xsf b]zx¿sf ;z:q anx¿n]
7"nf] PSoa4tfsf] cg'e'lt ug{ ;S5g\ .
cNk;ª\Vossf] clwsf/sf] ljifo ;z:q
anx¿df d'2f g x'g ;S5 jf pNnª\3g
ul/G5 . o;n] ;z:q anx¿sf] PSoa4tfdf
k|efj kfg{ ;S5 / ;fdflhs zflGtdf vnn
kfg{ ;Sb5 .
;z:q anx¿sf] nf]stflGqs lgoGq0f;DaGwL h]g]ef s]Gb|

;'kl/j]If0f ;+oGq
;}lgs hfFra'em lgsfo jf dxflg/LIfs ;+:yfx¿n]
hftLo ljjfb;Fu ;DalGwt d'2fx¿;lxt cg'lrt
Jojxf/ tyf zf]if0flj?4 ph'/Lx¿ ;d]tnfO{
;Daf]wg ub{5 . -;}lgs hfFra'em lgsfo;DaGwL
DCAF Backgrounder klg x]g' {;\_
;'kl/j]If0f ;ldltx¿ / sfo{ ;d"xx¿n] ;z:q
;]jfx¿df hftLo ;DaGw ljsf;;Fu ;DalGwt
k|ultsf] cg'udg ub{5 / lgoldt ?kdf ;}lgs
jf gful/s k|flwsf/x¿nfO{ k|ltj]bg k]z ub{5 .
tflnd
hftLo hftLo d'2fx¿df d'2fx¿df ;r]tgf ;r]tgf u/fpg u/fpg ljz]if
ljz]if
lsl;dsf lsl;dsf tflnd tflnd kf7\oqmdx¿ M M pbfx/0fsf] nflu,
;g\ !(() sf] dWolt/ ljleGg j0f{ tyf hfltsf]
k[i7e"ld ePsf ;ft ljleGg ;z:q anx¿nfO{
;+nUg u/]/ ev{/} ul7t blIf0f clk|msL /fli6«o
k|lt/Iff ansf ;b:ox¿n] cem} pRr ;lxi0f'tf
j[l4 ug{ tyf ljljwtfsf] ;Ddfg ug{ tof/
ul/Psf w]/} lsl;dsf tflnd sfo{qmdx¿df efu
lnPsf lyP .
;Dej eP;Dd cNk;ª\Vos efiffx¿df tflnd
kf7\oqmdx¿ ;d]t .
ljif]z sd{rf/L gLltx¿ M
;a} hftLo ;d"xx¿sf] lgikIf tyf ;dtfd"ns
k|ltlglwTj x'g] l;4fGtdf cfwfl/t lgo'lQm;DaGwL
lgodfjnL ;lxtsf] Pp6f kf/bzL{ lgo'lQm
k|lqmof .
cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf] cNk;ª\Vosx¿sf] ;dfg ;dfg Jojxf/ Jojxf/ j[lQ j[lQ ljsf;sf]
ljsf;sf]
nflu nflu k"j{zt{ k"j{zt{ . . ;}lgs ;}lgs ljBfnox¿df
ljBfnox¿df
cNk;ª\Vosx¿nfO{ cNk;ª\Vosx¿nfO{ :jLsf/ :jLsf/ ug{sf] ug{sf] nflu nflu ;xh
;xh
of]Uotfx¿ of]Uotfx¿ -NATO ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] ;xof]u tyf
;z:q anx¿sf] nf]stflGqs lgoGq0f;DaGwL h]g]ef s]Gb|
ax'hftLo ;'/Iff anx¿
o"/f]k]nL ;+3sf] k|ltlglw d08nsf] cfly{s ;xof]udf
a'Nu]l/ofdf ;g\ @))# df o:t} gLlt lgdf{0f
ul/Psf] lyof] ._
åGåf]Q/ åGåf]Q/ cj:yfdf cj:yfdf ax'hftLo ax'hftLo ;]gfx¿sf]
;]gfx¿sf]
;DaGwdf ;DaGwdf ljrf/0fLo ljrf/0fLo vf; vf; s'/fx¿ s'/fx¿ s] s] 5g\ 5g\ <
<
åGåf]t/ cj:yfx¿sf] Pp6f k|d'v k|fyldstf eg]sf]
hftLo k/:k/ ;xof]usf] :yfoL tyf ;Gt'nLt
k'g:{yfkgsf] ;'lglZrttf ug{ ' tyf ;dodf g}
PsLs[t ;z:q anx¿sf] ?kfGt/0f ug' { xf] . o:tf]
sfo{ ljz]ifu/L r'gf}tLk"0f{ 5 lsgeg] o;n]
k"j{-zq'x¿nfO{ -k"gM_;dfof]hg ug' { kg] { x'G5 .
5'§f5'§} ;+/rgfx¿ oyfjt /fvL /fVg' cfjZos
eP tfklg ljleGg ;d'bfosf ;}lgs g]tfx¿sf
aLrdf oyf;dodf jftf{sf] ;'lglZrttf tyf
/fli6«o lgoGq0f ;+/rgfsf] b| 'tt/ k'g:{yfkgfsf
pkfox¿ cjnDag ul/g' kb{5 .
bf]>f], åGåf]t/ cj:yfdf ;]gfn] y'k|} ljz]if
lhDd]jf/Lx¿sf] ;fdgf ug{ ;Sb5g\ h'g
d]nldnfknfO{ ;xof]u ug{ tof/ ul/Psf x'G5g\ /
o;sf ;fy;fy} o;df xf]lzof/ cGt/hftLo
Joj:yfkg klg cfjZos x'G5 .
• k/Dk/fut ?kdf w]/} ;ª\Vofdf ;z:q
anx¿df ;+nUg gePsf hftLo ;d"xsf
;b:ox¿nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{sf] nflu ljz]if
sfo{qmdx¿sf] yfngL ug{ ;lsG5 .
• ;z:q anx¿n] zlQm ;+t'ng / c;n
cGt/hftLo ;DaGwsf] ;fwgsf] kf/Dkfl/s
e"ldsf v]Ng] Ifdtf k'g:yf{kgf ug{ ljz]if
sbdx¿ rfNg ;lsG5 .
• w]/} sfo{qmdx¿df ax'hftLo s'/fx¿nfO{
;dfj]z ug{ ;lsG5 M pbfx/0fsf] nflu,
;z:q anx¿df ePsf a9L gful/s tyf
n8fs"x¿sf] ;ª\Vof sd ug] { tyf ckl/rfng
ug]{ sfo{qmdx¿ jf lgMz:qLs/0f tyf 5
k'gld{ng sfo{qmdx¿ .

ax'hftLo ;'/Iff anx¿
6
;z:q anx¿sf] nf]stflGqs lgoGq0f;DaGwL h]g]ef s]Gb|

;Da4 ;Da4 ljifox¿
ljifox¿
• ;'/Iff If]qsf cGo zfvfx¿df /fli6«o
cNk;+Vosx¿sf] k|ltlglwTj
• lgo'lQm tyf clgjfo{ ;}lgs ;]jfsf gLltx¿
• ljljwtf Joj:yfkg
• ;z:q anx¿df dfgj÷
cNk;+Vos÷dlxnfsf clwsf/x¿
• ;}lgs hfFra'em lgsfo
• ;}lgs Gofo
• ;}lgs ;+:s[lt
• ax'/fli6«o ;}lgs PsfOx¿
;z:q anx¿sf] nf]stflGqs lgoGq0f;DaGwL h]g]ef s]Gb|
yk yk hfgsf/L
hfgsf/L
ax'hftLo ;'/Iff anx¿
"Integration of Ethnic Minorities in the Armed
Forces", in Callaghan Jean and Franz Kernic (eds.)
Armed Forces and International Security.
Global Trends and Issues. Munster: LitVerlag,
2003, pp. 231-40.
Managing Diversity in the Military. Stewart,
Dansby and Webb (eds.) New Brunswick;
London: Transation Publishers, 2001.
The Defense Equal Opportunity Management Institute
(DEOMI):
https://www.patrick.af.mil/deomi/deomi.htm
Ministry of Defence of the UK, Equal
opportunities in the UK armed forces:
www.mod.uk/issues/equal_opportunities/ "Diversity
in the Armed Forces", in Caforio,
Gioseppe (ed.) Handbook of the Sociology of the
Military. New York: Kluwer
Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2003, pp. 299-310.
of] l8l;PPkm Aofsu|fp08/sf] >[ª\vnf l8l;PPkmsf ;xsdL{ ldqx¿ tyf cGo ljz]if1x¿sf] ;xeflutfdf o; s]Gb|sf]
;'/Iff If]q ;'wf/ sfo{ ;d"xåf/f tof/ kfl/Psf] xf] .
of] Aofsu|fp08/sf] nflu cg';Gwfg ;xfos cf]S;fgf ld:nf]E:sfn] cg';Gwfg tyf ;Dkfbgdf ;xof]u ug' { ePsf]
lyof] . ;'/Iff If]q ;'wf/sf nflu l8l;PPkm jl/i7 JolQmTj 8]le8 n o; Aofsu|fp08/ >[ª\vnfsf] ;Dkfbs x'g'x'G5 .
cGo Aofsu|fp08/x¿ www.dcaf.ch/publication/backgrounders df pknAw 5 .
;z:q anx¿sf] nf]stflGqs lgoGq0f;DaGwL h]g]ef s]Gb| k|x/L, u'Ktr/ lgsfox¿, ;Ldf ;'/Iff ;]jf, cw{;}lgs an tyf
;z:q anx¿ h:tf ;'/Iff If]qsf ;+u7gx¿sf] nf]stflGqs tyf gful/s lgoGq0fnfO{ ;xof]u tyf ;'b[9Ls/0f ug{
nf]stflGqs tyf ;/sf/ tyf gful/s ;dfh;Fu sfd ub{5 .
o; s]Gb|n] ;'/Iff If]qsf] nf]stflGqs zf;gdf d'Vo r'gf}tLx¿ klxrfg ug{ tyf oL r'gf}tLx¿ ;dfwfg ug{sf] nflu
;'xfpFbf] lsl;dsf] c;n Jojxf/x¿sf] ;+sng ug{ cg';Gwfg ub{5 . l8l;PPkmn] OR5's kIfx¿
vf;u/L ;/sf/x¿, ;+;bx¿, ;}lgs lgsfox¿ tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;+u7gx¿nfO{ ;Nnfxsf/L sfo{qmd tyf Jofjxfl/s
;xof]u k|bfg ub{5 .
x]g'{xf];\ www.dcaf.ch
7

8
DCAF Backgrounder
l8Sofkm l8Sofkm Aofsu|fp08/ Aofsu|fp08/ >[ª\vnf
>[ª\vnf
;'/Iff ;'/Iff If]q If]q ;'wf/ ;'wf/ tyf tyf ;'zf;g;DaGwL
;'zf;g;DaGwL
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k|bfg ub{5 .
l8Sofkm sfo{;~rfng ljefusf jl/i7 ;xof]uL tyf l8Sofkmsf cGt/f{li6«o ;' '/Iff ;Nnfxsf/ ;d"xsf jl/i7 ;'/Iff If]q
;Nnfxsf/ 8]le8 n Aofsu|fp08/ >[ª\vnfsf ;Dkfbs x'g\ .
tkfO{sf] ;'emfjsf] ck]Iff ul/G5 . s[kof backgrounders@dcaf.ch df ;'emfj tyf l6Kk0fLx¿ k7fpg'xf]nf .
l8Sofkm l8Sofkm Aofsu|fp08/ Aofsu|fp08/ >[ª\vnfx¿
>[ª\vnfx¿
• afn ;]gf • u'Ktr/ ;]jfx¿sf] ;+;lbo ;'kl/j]If0f
• hf;'; ;d'bfosf ;d;fdlos r'gf}tLx¿ • /Iff ah]6df ;+;bsf] e"ldsf
• ;'/Iff ;xrf/Lx¿ • /Iff;DaGwL v/Lbdf ;+;bsf] e"ldsf
• /Iff;DaGwL ;'wf/ • k|x/L ;'wf/
• ;}Go zlQmsf] nf]stflGqs lgoGq0f • lghL ;}Go 6's8Lx¿
• n}lËs tyf ;'/Iff If]q ;'wf/ • ;'/Iff If]q ;'zf;g tyf ;'/Iff If]q ;'wf/
• u'Ktr/ ;]jfx¿ • ;'/Iff If]q ;'wf/ tyf cGt/;/sf/L ;Ë7gx¿
• ;}lgs Gofo • åGåf]Q/ zflGt lgdf{0fdf ;'/Iff If]q ;'wf/
• ;}lgs cf]da8\hDofg • ljb]zdf ;]gf k7fpg]
• ax'hflto ;}Go zlQm • ;Í6sfn
• /fli6«o ;'/Iff kl/ifbx¿ • dfgj cf];f/k;f/
• /fli6«o ;'/Iff gLlt • ;'/Iff If]qdf hfFra'em
• k|lt/Iff tyf ;'/Iff;DaGwL ;+;lbo ;ldltx¿
www.dcaf.ch/backgrounders
;z:q anx¿sf] nf]stflGqs lgoGq0f;DaGwL h]g]ef s]Gb|n] ;'/Iff If]qsf] ;'wf/ tyf ;'zf;gsf] clej[l4
ub{5 . s]Gb|n] c;n cEof;;DaGwL cg';Gwfg ub{5, cGt/f{li6«o tyf /fli6«o txdf pko'Qm dfkb08sf] ljsf;nfO{
k]|l/t ub{5, gLltut l;kmfl/; ub{5, ;fy} s]xL vf; b]zsf nflu ;'emfj tyf ;xfotf sfo{s|d k|bfg ub{5 .
l8Sofkmsf ;fem]bf/x¿ cGtu{t ;/sf/x¿, ;+;b, gful/s ;dfh, cGt/f{li6«o ;Ë7gx¿ tyf ;}lgs, k|x/L,
Gofokflnsf u'Ktr/ ;+:yf tyf a[xt\ ;'/Iff ;]jfx¿ nufot ljleGg ;'/Iff ;]jfx¿ kb{5g\ .
xfdLnfO{ www.dcaf.ch df x]g'{xf];\
zflGt tyf åGå ?kfGt/0f;DaGwL Pl;ofnL cWoog s]Gb| g]kfnsf] åGå, zflGt k|lqmof Pjd\ ;'/Iff cj:yfaf/] uxg
ljZn]if0f tyf tflnd k|bfg ug] { k|lta4 Ps :jtGq g]kfnL j}rfl/s ;+:yf xf] .
xfdLnfO{ www.aspect.org.np df x]g' {xf];\
cg'jfbM k]hk/km]S6 ;Dkfbg M k|lbk/d0f pk|]tL u|flkms l8hfOlgË / d'b|0fM k]hk/km]S6
;z:q anx¿sf] nf]stflGqs lgoGq0f;DaGwL h]g]ef s]Gb|