June 2008 - Kerala Govt Logo

]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 1

{Kma-k`
{Kma-k-`-bn¬ ]s-Sp-°pI!
A[n-Imcw hn\n-tbm-Kn-°pI!
hnIk\Øns‚ DuSpw ]mhpw
`c-W-L-S-\m-]-c-ambn A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ P\-߃°v t\cn´v
]m-fnØw e`n-°p∂ GI kwhn-[m\w
{Kma-k` aq∂v amk-Øn-sem-cn-°¬ tbmKw tNcp∂p
{Kma-k-`-bpsS Izmdw 10 iX-am\w
hchv sNehv IW-°p-Iƒ BUn‰v sNøp∂p
hnI-k\ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS dnt∏m¿´v Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂p
tkmjy¬ HmUn‰v \SØp∂p
]≤-Xn-bm-kq-{XWw \n¿Δ-lWw F∂n-h-bn¬ kPoh
]m-fnØw e`n-°p∂p
bYm¿∞ KpW-t`m-‡m-°sf t\cn´v sXc-s-Sp-°p∂p
{Kma-Øns‚ Bh-iy-߃ D∂-bn-°p-∂-Xn\v
A\p-tbm-Py-amb hnI-k\ {]h¿Ø-\-߃ sXc-s-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\v
ka-b-_-‘n-X-ambpw KpW-ta-∑-tbm-sSbpw hnI-k\ t£a-{]-h¿Ø-\-߃ Imcy-£-a-ambn \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn\v
Agn-aXn \n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNøp-∂-Xn\v
kpXm-cyX Dd∏v hcp-Øp-∂-Xn\v
kmaq-lnI \oXn-bn-e-[n-jvTn-X-amb Hcp \h-`m-c-X-kr-jvSn°v
]ªn-kn‰n hn`m-Kw, ]©m-bØv hIp∏v
]©mbØvcmPv
sh_vssk‰v
WWW.lsg.kerala.gov.in
Pq¨ 2008
]pkvXIw 48
e°w 3
hm¿jnI hcnkwJy 90 cq]
D]tZiI kanXn
sNb¿am≥
]mtemfn apl-ΩZvIp´n
Xt±ikzbw`cW hIp∏v a{¥n
AwK߃
Fkv.-Fw. hnP-bm-\μv , sF.F.-Fkv.
{]n≥kn∏¬ sk{I´dn, Xt±ikzbw`cWhIp∏v
]n. thWp-tKm-]m¬, sF.F.-Fkv
UbdIvS¿
C≥^¿ta-j≥& ]ªnIv dntej≥kv hIp∏v
sI. \mcm-b-W≥
{]kn-U‚ v
tIcf {Kma]©mbØv Atkmkntbj≥
Fw. hn. Kncojv Ipam¿
sk{I´dn
{]kv ¢∫v, Xncph\¥]pcw
Pn. lcn-Ir-jvW≥
]ªnkn‰n Hm^ok¿
I¨ho-\¿
tUm. hn.Fw. tKm]metat\m≥, sF.F.Fkv.
]©mbØv UbdIvS¿
FUn-‰¿
tUm. hn.Fw. tKm]metat\m≥, IAS
Ph: 0471-2323286
Akn v FUn-‰¿
Pn. lcn-Ir-jvW≥
Ph: 0471-2321054
Ih¿ Unssk≥
&
te Hu´v
sFk≥ tPmkv
teJIcpsS A`n{]mbw
k¿°mcnt‚Xmbncn°Wsa∂n√.
AhbpsS ]q¿Æamb DØchmZnXzw
teJI¿°v am{Xambncn°pw.
t]Pp-I-fn¬
4 FUn‰dpsS t]Pv
5 hnIk\ apcSn∏n\v hncmaw
˛ ]mtemfn aplΩZvIp´n
8 A[nImchntI{μoIcWw : A\pIcWob amXrIIƒ
˛ tUm. ]n.]n. _me≥
11 {Kmak` bYmkabw tNcpI
saº¿ AtbmKy\mhmXncn°pI
˛ AUz. jn≥e _n. ISbv°mhq¿
14 {Kmak` ^e{]ZamIp∂Xn\v
˛ Fw. ]n. h¿°n
18 amdp∂ \Kc߃
tIcf kpÿnc \Kc hnIk\ ]≤Xn
22 IpSpw_{io Zihm¿jnIw : ]pXnb Im¬shbv∏pambn ....
˛ B¿. ]m¿ΔXotZhn
28 amen\ykwkv°cWØn\v ]Ø\m]pcw amXrI
˛ Fkv. jmPn
30 F¨]XpiXam\w ]≤Xn XpI sNehgn®p
˛ ]©mbØv \yqkv k¿Δokv
33 {Sjdnbn¬\n∂pw e`n°p∂ tkh\߃
˛ DZb`m\p It≠Øv
35 Nn°≥t]mIvkv
˛ tUm. tXmakv h¿§okv
35 Xangv\m´nse {Kma°mgvNIƒ
˛ tdmbn Nmt°m CfaÆq¿
kzcmPv `h≥ km£mXv°cn°p∂p
˛ ]©mbØv \yqkv k¿Δokv
7
£abpsS AXncp IS°p∂p
˛ `mjmknwKv25

FUn‰dpsS t]Pv
2008 ˛ 09 se ]≤Xn {]h¿Ø\w
tIcfØnse Xt±i`cW ÿm]\߃ 2008˛09 se hm¿jnI ]≤Xn
{]h¿Ø\ßfpsS \n¿hlW L´Øntebv°v IS∂ncn°pIbmWv. ap≥Ime
ßfn¬ \n∂pw hyXykvXambn aq∂p L´ßfnembmWv Cu kmºØnIh¿jw
]≤Xn \n¿ΔlWw \SØp∂Xv. XI¿®sb t\cnSp∂ Im¿jnItaJebpsS
]p\cp≤mcWØn\mWv ]Xns\m∂mw ]≤Xnbn¬ {]tXyIw Du∂¬ \¬In
bncn°p∂Xv. Im¿jnItaJebnse ]≤XnIƒ Imet`ZsØ ASnÿm\am
°nbmWv \S∏nemt°≠Xv. F∂m¬ ]≤XnIƒ AwKoIcn®p e`n°p∂Xn¬
kzm`mhnIambn D≠mIp∂ ImeXmakw Im¿jnItaJebnse ]≤XnIfpsS
^e{]Zamb \SØn∏ns\ kmcambn _m[n®ncp∂p. CXn\p ]cnlmcambn
IrjnbpsS taJebn¬, {]tXyIn®v ag°meØv Gs‰SpØv \StØ≠p∂
{]h¿Ø\߃ Dƒs∏sSbp≈ Im¿jnI hnIk\ ]cn]mSnIƒ kmºØnI
h¿jmcw`Øn¬ Xs∂ Bcw`n°p∂Xn\v k¿°m¿ Ahkcsamcp°nbncn
°pIbmWv. AtXmsSm∏w BZyL´Øn¬ `h\ \n¿ΩmWw, IpSnsh≈ InW
dpIƒ, ipNnXzw, hnZym`ymkw, BtcmKyw, kwtbmPnX iniphnIk\ ]cn
]mSn, kºq¿Æ Du¿÷ kpc£m anj≥ ]cn]mSn, Bip]{XnIƒ, kv°qfp
Iƒ, AwK≥hmSnIƒ F∂nhbpsS sabn‚\≥kv ]≤XnIƒ IqSn \S∏m°pw.
c≠mwL´Øn¬ 2008˛09 se hm¿jnI ]≤Xn ]cn]q¿Æambn Xømdm°n
AwKoImcw hmßWw. CtXmsSm∏w kZv`cW ]≤Xnbpw D≠mIWw. Pq¨
30 \Iw c≠mwL´w ]q¿ØoIcn®ncn°Ww. ]Xns\m∂mw ]≤XnbpsS BZy
h¿jw Xs∂ Xømdmt°≠nbncp∂ ]©h’c]≤Xn hnhn[ ImcW߃
sIm≠v ]q¿ØoIcn°phm≥ Ignncp∂n√. AXv ]q¿ØoIcn®v AwKoImcw
hmßpIbmWv aq∂mwL´Øn¬ sNtø≠Xv. _lp`qcn]£w ÿm]\ßfpw
BZyL´ ]≤XnbpsS AwKoImcw t\Sn ]≤Xn \n¿hlWw Bcw`n®psh∂mWv
dnt∏m¿´pIƒ kqNn∏n°p∂Xv. A`nam\Icamb am‰amWnXv.
ap≥]v \mev Pn√Ifn¬ am{Xw \S∏m°nbncp∂ tZiob sXmgnepd∏v ]≤Xn
Cu kmºØnIh¿jw apX¬ F√m Pn√Ifnepw \S∏m°pIbmWv. sXmgnep
d∏v ]≤Xn \SØn∏n¬ tIcfw cmPyØn\msI amXrIbmbncn°pIbmWv.
]q¿Æambpw AgnaXn clnXambn ]≤Xn \S∏m°phm≥ Ignn´ps≠∂p≈
XmWv \ΩpsS G‰hpw henb t\´w. CXv \ne\n¿Øp∂tXmsSm∏w F√m
{]h¿Ø\taJeIfnepw CØcØn¬ am‰w D≠m°nsbSp°phm≥ Xt±i
`cW ÿm]\߃ {ian°Ww. CsXmcp sh√phnfnbmbn Gs‰Sp°m≥ IgnbWw.
Ign kmºØnI h¿jw Npcpßnb Imebfhv am{Xta ]≤Xn \SØn
∏n\p e`n®ncp∂p≈pshn¬t]mepw hfsc anIhp‰ {]IS\amWv Xt±i`cW
ÿm]\߃ ImgvNsh®Xv. hnIk\^≠v sNehgn°p∂Xn¬ 87 iXam\
amWv kwÿm\ icmicn. Fgp]Xv iXam\amWv ]≤Xn e£yambn k¿°m¿
\n›bn®ncp∂Xv. ap≥h¿jw [mcmfw hna¿i\߃°pw Btcm]W߃°pw
hnt[bambn´pIqSn Ahsb√mw ]msS AhKWn®v \n›bZm¿VytØmsSbpw
C—mi‡ntbmsSbpw Imcy{]m]vXntbmsSbpw {]h¿Øn®v hna¿iI¿°v adp]Sn
\¬Inbncn°pIbmWv.
Xt±i`cW ÿm]\߃ AhbpsS ssZ\wZn\ `cWØnepw hnIk\
kmaqlnI {]h¿Ø\߃ \S∏m°p∂Xnepw A`napJoIcn°p∂ {]bmk
߃ kkq£vaw hnebncpØn {InbmflIamb ]cnlmc\n¿t±i߃ A∏t∏mƒ
\¬Ip∂Xn\v _≤{i≤tbmsSbmWv k¿°m¿ {]h¿Øn°p∂Xv. Cu A\pIqe
kmlNcyw ]camh[n {]tbmP\s∏SpØn hcpw \mfpIfn¬ IqSpX¬ sa®s∏´
^eapfhmIp∂ XcØn¬ hnIk\ ]cn]mSnIƒ Bhnjv°cn°p∂Xn\v Iq´mbn
{ian°mw.
FUn-‰¿
kwÿm\ k¿°mcns‚ c≠mw hm¿jnItØmS\p_‘n®v Xt±ikzbw`cW hIp∏v a{¥n ]mtemfn aplΩZv Ip´n Xncph\¥]pcØv {]tXyI
]{XktΩf\w \SØp∂p.
hnIk\ apcSn∏n\v hncmaw
Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW hIp-∏ns‚
`cW ]cn-[n-bn-ep≈ F√m ÿm]-\-ßfp-sSbpw
]≤-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw {]h¿Ø\w
sa®-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw ]pXnb ]≤-Xn-Iƒ
Bhn-jv°-cn®v \S-∏n-em-°m\pw Ign
c≠p h¿j-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Ign-n-´p≠v.
]mh-s∏-´-h-cpsS Pohn-Xm-`n-em-j-amb
hoSv F∂ kz]v\-Øn\v km£m¬
°mcw \¬Ip-∂-Xn\v Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-c-Wÿm-]-\-ß-fpsS
t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ C.Fw.
Fkv. kºq¿Æ `h\ ]≤-Xn°v XpS°w
Ipdn®p. hm¿jnI ]≤Xn hnln-X-Øn¬
\n∂p≈ \n›nX hnln-Xhpw tI{μmhn-jvIrX
]≤-Xn-Ifpw `h-\-{iobpw
hy‡n-I-fn¬ \n∂pw kwL-S-\-I-fn¬
\n∂pap≈ kw`m-h-\bpw Iq´nt®¿ØmWv
C.Fw.Fkv. `h\ ]≤Xn
\S-∏m-°p-∂Xv. hoSpw ÿehpw C√m-Øh¿°mWv
BZy ]cn-K-W\ \¬Ip-∂Xv.
ÿe-ap-s≠-nepw hoSn-√m-Ø-h¿°v
c≠m-asØ ]cn-K-W-\bpw hoSns‚
A‰p-Ip-‰-∏-Wn°v aq∂m-asØ ]cn-K-W-
\bpw \¬Ip-∂-XmWv.
DZv]m-Z\ taJ-e-°p≈ hnln-X-Øn¬
ap≥ Kh¨sa‚ v hcp-Ønb Ipdhv ]cnl-cn-®p-sIm≠pw
Im¿jnI ]≤-Xn-Iƒ°v
Du∂¬ \¬In-s°m≠pw P\-Io-bm-kq-
{XWw ho≠pw Bcw-`n®p. kmº-ØnI
4 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
5

h¿j-Øns‚ Bcw-`-Øn¬ Xs∂ Xt±i-kz-bw-`-cW
ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS ]≤Xn
\S-Øn∏v Bcw-`n-°m\pw AXp-hgn Cu
cwKØv ]pXn-sbmcp hnI-k\ \S-Øn∏v
amXrI krjvSn-°m\pw Ignp. Hcp
]©m-b-Øn¬ icm-icn ]Øv G°¿
F∂ \ne-bn¬ Cu h¿jw kwÿm-\sØm-´msI
]Xn-\m-bncw G°¿ Xcn-ip-
`qan s\¬Ir-jn°v tbmKy-am-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈
]≤Xn Bkq-{XWw sNbvXp Ignp.
]®-°-dn°pw {]tXyI ]cn-K-W\ \¬
Im≥ Xocp-am-\n-®n-´p≠v.
C¥y-bnse F√m kwÿm-\Øpw
\S-∏n-em-°m≥ A\p-tbm-Py-amb ]≤-Xnsb∂v
tI{μ Kh¨sa‚ v Xnc-s-SpØ
tIc-f-Ønse IpSpw-_{io {]ÿm\w
]Øp h¿jw ]n∂n-Sp∂p. kv{XoIƒ°v
IqSp-X¬ sXmgn¬ Zn\-ßfpw hcp-am-
\hpw t\Sn-sb-Sp-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ ]pXnb
]≤-Xn-Iƒ°v XpS-°-an-Sm\pw Im¿jnI
taJ-esb IqSp-X¬ i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-
Xn\v \qX-\-ß-fmb ""ka{K'' ]≤-Xn-Iƒ
Bcw-`n-°m\pw km[n®p. Lease Land
Farming hgn CXp-hsc 54513 G°¿ Xcnip-`q-an-bn¬
IpSpw-_{io hgn Irjn \S-
Øm-\m-bXv henb {]Xo£ \¬Ip∂p.
tZiob sXmgn-ep-d∏v ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS
\S-Øn-∏n¬ tZio-b-X-e-Øn¬ AwKo-
]mh-s∏-´-h-cpsS Pohn-Xm-`n-em-j-amb hoSv F∂ kz]v\-Øn\v km£m¬°mcw \¬Ip-
∂-Xn\v Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-c-W-ÿm-]-\-ß-fpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ C.Fw. Fkv. kºq¿Æ `h\
]≤-Xn°v XpS°w Ipdn®p. hm¿jnI ]≤Xn hnln-X-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ \n›nX hnln-
Xhpw tI{μm-hn-jvIrX ]≤-Xn-Ifpw `h-\-{iobpw hy‡n-I-fn¬ \n∂pw kwL-S-\-I-fn¬
\n∂pap≈ kw`m-h-\bpw Iq´n-t®¿ØmWv C.Fw.Fkv. `h\ ]≤Xn \S-∏m-°p-∂Xv.
C¥y-bnse F√m kwÿm-\Øpw \S-∏n-em-°m≥ A\p-tbm-Py-amb ]≤-Xn-sb∂v tI{μ Kh¨sa‚v Xncs-SpØ
tIc-f-Ønse IpSpw-_{io {]ÿm\w ]Øp h¿jw ]n∂n-Sp∂p. Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW ÿm]-
\-ß-fpsS hm¿jnI ]≤-Xnbpw sXmgn-ep-d∏v ]≤-Xnbpw IpSpw-_{io kwhn-[m-\hpw D]-tbm-Kn-®psIm≠v
D¬]m-Z\ taJ-e-bn¬ hen-sbmcp apt∂‰w \S-Øm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v Kh¨sa‚v {]Xo-£n-°p∂p.
\K-c-hn-I-k-\ cwKØv ]≤-Xn-Iƒ t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬ Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW hIp∏n\v
dnt°m¿Uv t\´w ssIh-cn-°m≥ Ignp. sI.Fkv.bp.Un.]n. 1450 tImSn
sP.F≥.F≥.bp.B¿.Fw 714 tImSn, bp.sF.Un.Fkv.Fkv.Fw.Sn 577 tImSn,
sF.F®v.Fkv.Un.]n 111 tImSn, _n.Fkv.bp.]n 298 tImSn AS°w BsI 3150 tImSnbpsS
\Kc hnI-k-\ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ°mWv A\p-aXn e`n-®n-´p-≈Xv.
Imcw t\Sm-\mbn. Hcp Xc-Øn-ep-ap≈ CS-
\n-e-°m-cp-an-√msX ]Wn-Iƒ \S-Øm≥
Ign-bp-∂Xpw apgp-h≥ sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsSbpw
Iqen _mv hgn hnX-cWw sNøp-
∂Xpw F√m ]Wn-Ifpw {Kma-]-©m-b-
Øp-I-fpsS Xs∂ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \S-°p-
∂Xpw km¿h-{XnI AwKo-Imcw t\Snbn´p≠v.
tI{μ-Øns‚ am¿§-\n¿tZ-i-ßfn¬
]eXpw tIc-f-Øns‚ kml-N-cy߃°v
A\p-Kp-W-a-√mØ kml-Ncy-ß-fn-emWv
CXv km[y-am-bXv. 90
tImSn cq] \mep Pn√-I-fnse Ahn-ZKv≤
sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ°v Iqen-bmbn \¬In-bn-
´p≠v.
Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS
hm¿jnI ]≤-Xnbpw sXmgn-ep-d∏v ]≤-
Xnbpw IpSpw-_{io kwhn-[m-\hpw D]tbm-Kn-®p-sIm≠v
D¬]m-Z\ taJ-e-bn¬
hen-sbmcp apt∂‰w \S-Øm≥ Ign-bpsa∂v
Kh¨sa‚ v {]Xo-£n-°p∂p.
Fs¥ms° hnI-k\w t\Sn-bmepw
amen\y {]iv\w ]cn-l-cn-®n-s√-n¬
a\pjy Poh-\p-Xs∂ B]-Øp-≠m-Ipsa∂
Imcy-Øn¬ Ct∏mƒ X¿°-an√.
{]iv\-Øns‚ Kpcp-X-cm-hÿ a\- nem°n
AXp ]cn-l-cn-°m-\mWv amen-\yap‡
tIcfw XpS¿ ]cn-]mSn Bhn-jv°cn-®Xv.
amen\y {]iv\w G‰hpw cq£-amb
sIm®n \K-c-k-`bv°p th≠n {_“-]pcØv
amen\y kwkv°-cW πm‚ v {]h
¿Ø-\-£-a-am-bn-´p≠v. aq∂p h¿jw
sIm≠v amen\y \n¿Ωm¿÷-\-Øn\v
imizX ]cn-lmcw ImWp-∂-Xn-\p≈
]≤Xn ipNnXz anjs‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬
Xt±-i`-cW ÿm]-\-߃ \S-∏n-em-°p-
I-bmWv.
tI{μm-hn-jvIrX ]≤-Xn-Iƒ t\Sn-sb-
Sp-°p-∂-Xnepw \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xnepw c≠p
h¿j-Øn-\Iw hf-sc-tbsd ]ptcm-KXn
t\Sm≥ km[n®p. ]n.Fw.Pn.Fkv.
sshbv°v 294 tImSnbpw Fkv.Pn.B¿.
sshbv°v 102 tImSnbpw lcn-bm-en°v 73
tImSnbpw Fkv.Pn.Fkv.ssh°v 51
tImSnbpw F≥.B¿.C.Pn.]n°v 100
tImSnbpw e`n-°p-I-bp-≠mbn.
\K-c-hn-I-k-\ cwKØv ]≤-Xn-Iƒ
t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬ Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW
hIp-∏n\v dnt°m¿Uv t\´w ssIh-cn-°m≥
Ignp. sI.Fkv.bp.Un.]n. 1450 tImSn
sP.F≥.F≥.bp.B¿.Fw 714 tImSn,
bp.sF.Un.Fkv.Fkv.Fw.Sn 577 tImSn,
sF.F®v.Fkv.Un.]n 111 tImSn,
_n.Fkv.bp.]n 298 tImSn AS°w
BsI 3150 tImSn-bpsS \Kc hnI-k-\
]≤-Xn-Iƒ°mWv A\p-aXn e`n-®n-´p-
≈Xv.
[\-]-c-amb Imcy-߃ Imcy-£-a-XtbmsS
apt∂m-´p-sIm≠p t]mIm≥
Ignp. {]h¿Ø-\-c-ln-X-amb hnI-k\
AtXm-dn-‰n-Iƒ \n¿Ø-em-°p-Ibpw Xt±i-kz-bw-`-cW
ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS [\-C-S-]m-
Sp-Iƒ°v Nn´-h-cp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
]≤Xn ]Ww hI-am‰n sNe-h-gn-°p∂
{]h-WX Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-Ibpw ap≥Ime
sX‰p-Iƒ Xncp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
P\-\-a-c-W-c-Pn-kvt{Sj≥, kmaq-lykp-c£m
s]≥j-\p-I-fpsS hnX-cWw
F∂nh Iºyq-´¿h¬°-cn-®p-I-gnp.
Xt±-i-`-cW ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS apgp-h≥
IW-°p-Ifpw cPn-Ã-dp-Ifpw Iºyq-
´¿h¬°-cn-°p∂ {]h¿Ø\w ]q¿Øo-
I-cn-°p-I-bmWv. ]≤Xn \S-Øn∏v Nn´s∏-Sp-Øm-\p≈
Iºyq-´¿ kwhn-[m\w
1179 Xt±-i-`-cW ÿm]-\-ß-fn¬ k÷am-°m≥
Ign-n-´p≠v. ÿew-am-‰-Øn\v
amXrIm am\-ZWvUw G¿s∏-Sp-Øm≥
Ignp. "Ine' Xt±-i-`-cW {]Xn-\n-[n-
Iƒ°p≈ ]cn-io-e-\-Øn-\p≈ A¥mcmjv{S
tI{μ-ambn Db¿∂p Ignp.
Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW hIp-∏n¬ G‰hpw
IqSp-X¬ Agn-aXn \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂Xv sI´nS
\n¿ΩmW taJ-e-bn-emWv. Agn-a-Xn-°mcmb
DtZym-K-ÿ¿s°-Xnsc i‡-amb
\S-]Sn kzoI-cn®p. P\-߃°v {]tbm-P-
\-{]-Z-amb Nne `c-W-]-cn-jv°mc \S-]-Sn-
Ifpw Cu taJ-e-bn¬ \S-∏n-em°n. CXpaqew
Agn-a-Xn-bpsS tXmXv hf-sc-tbsd
Ipd-bv°m≥ klm-b-I-am-bn-´p≠v. A\-[n-
IrX \n¿Ωm-W-Øn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ \S-]-
Sn-Iƒ i‡-am°n. sI´n-S-\n¿ΩmW N´w
kwÿm-\-sØm-´msI _m[-I-am°n.
sI´n-S-\n¿ΩmW N´-ß-fn¬ C\nbpw
Nne ]cn-jv°m-c-߃ sIm≠p-h-cm≥
Kh¨sa‚ v Dt±-in-°p∂p. AXn-\p≈
\S-]-SnIƒ A¥n-a-L-´-Øn-emWv. sI´n-S-
\n-IpXn imkv{Xo-b-ambn ]cn-jv°-cn-°p-
∂-Xn-\p≈ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzoI-cn®p.
Icn-∏q-cn¬ l÷vlukv ]Wn ]q¿
Øn-bm°n. \yq\-]£ t£a-Øn\v
]pXnb kwhn-[m-\hpw _UvP-‰n¬ hnln-
Xhpw G¿s∏-SpØn. \jvS-Øn-em-bn-cp∂
\Kc hnI-k\ [\-Imcy tIm¿∏-td-js\
em`-Øn-em°n.
tIcfw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ hnI-k\
apc-Sn-∏n\v hncm-a-an-Sm\pw DXv]m-Z\ taJebv°v
NmeI i‡n-bm-Im\pw Xt±-ikz-bw-`-cW
ÿm]-\-ßsf IqSp-X¬
k÷-am-°p-∂-Xn-\mWv Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW
hIp∏v e£y-an-Sp-∂Xv.
(kwÿm\ k¿°mcns‚ c≠mw hm¿jnItØm
S\p_‘n®v Xt±ikzbw`cWhIp∏v a{¥n
]mtemfn aplΩZv Ip´n Xncph\¥]pcØv \S
Ønb {]tXyI ]{XktΩf\Øn¬ \n∂pw)
�
kzcmPv`h≥ sI´nS kap®bØns‚ inemÿm]\w Xt±ikzbw`cWhIp∏v a{¥n
]mtemfn aplΩZvIp´n \n¿Δln°p∂p. \nba ˛ kvt]m¿Svkv a{¥n Fw. hnPbIpam¿, tab¿
kn. Pb≥_m_p, Fw.F¬.F amcmb hn. inh≥Ip´n, F≥. i‡≥ XpSßnbh¿ kao]w.
kzcmPv `h≥
km£mXv°cn°p∂p
Xt±ikzbw`cW hIp∏ns‚ Iogn¬
Xncph\¥]pcØv {]h¿Øn°p∂ hnhn[
kwÿm\Xe Hm^okpIfpw A\p
_‘ ÿm]\ßfpw Hcp IpS°ognem
°p∂Xn\p≈ Zo¿LIme ]cn{iaw
k^eoIcn°p∂p. Xncph\¥]pcØv
\¥≥tImSmWv HºXv \neIfp≈ sI´nS
kap®bw "kzcmPv `h≥' Dbcp∂Xv.
CXns‚ inemÿm]\w Pq¨ 2 \v
Xt±ikzbw`cW hIp∏v a{¥n ]mtemfn
aplΩZvIp´n \n¿Δln®p. NSßn¬
kvt]m¿Svkv ˛ \nba a{¥n Fw. hnPb
Ipam¿ A≤y£\mbncp∂p.
]©mbØv˛\KcImcy UbdIvS
td‰pIƒ, {KmahnIk\ IΩnjWtd‰v,
No^v Su¨πm\¿ B^okv, No^v F©n
\nb¿ B^okv, IpSpw_{io, C≥^¿
taj≥ tIcf anj≥, {Iqkv, ¢o≥ tIcf
anj≥, "Ine' bpsS taJem B^okv
XpSßn Xt±ikzbw`cW hIp∏n\p
Iogn¬ {]h¿Øn°p∂ ]Xnt\tgmfw
B^okpIfmWv kzcmPv `h\n¬ {]h¿
Øn°pI.
\¥≥tImSp≈ Adp]Xp sk‚ v
ÿeØmWv 8400 NXpc{i ao‰dn¬
sI´nSw ]Wnbp∂Xv. 9.6 tImSn cq]
bmWv \n¿ΩmW sNehn\p≈ AS¬
XpIbmbn IW°m°nbncn°p∂Xv.
2008 se \nc°v A\pkcn®v GItZiw
11 tImSn cq] sNehv {]Xo£n°p∂p.
]≤XnbpsS FÃnta‰pw πm\pw Xømdm
°nbncn°p∂Xv Xncph\¥]pcsØ
em¬ _lZq¿ imkv{Xn sk‚¿ t^m¿
kb≥kv & sSIvt\mfPnbmWv. Xt±i
kzbw`cWhIp∏v F©n\obdnwKv hn`m
KØns‚ ta¬t\m´Ønembncn°pw \n¿
ΩmWw \SØpI.
F√m B[p\nI kuIcyßtfmSpw
IqSn ]Wnbphm\pt±in°p∂ Cu
sI´nSw ]WnXpSßn H∂c h¿jØn
\p≈n¬Xs∂ ]q¿ØoIcn°phm\mWv
Dt±in°p∂Xv. CXn\p≈ XpI Cu
sI´nSØn¬ {]h¿Øn°m\pt±in°p∂
B^okpIfpsS hnlnXambn tiJcn
°m\mWv \n›bn®n´p≈Xv.
NSßn¬ Xt±ikzbw`cW hIp∏v
{]n≥kn∏¬ sk{I´dn Fkv.Fw.
hnPbm\μv dnt∏m¿´hXcn∏n®p. tab¿
kn. Pb≥_m_p, Fw.F¬. F amcmb
hn. inh≥Ip´n, F≥. i‡≥, Pn√m
]©mbØv {]knU‚ v B\mhq¿ \mK
∏≥, ]©mbØv UbdIvS¿ tUm. hn.Fw.
tKm]metat\m≥, \KcImcy UbdIvS¿
sI.B¿. apcfo[c≥, {Kma hnIk\
IΩnjW¿ F. APnXvIpam¿ XpSßnb
h¿ kw_‘n®p.
(]©mbØv \yqkv k¿Δokv)
6 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
7

A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-{μo-I-cWw
A\p-I-c-Wob amXr-I-Iƒ
tUm. ]n.]n. _me≥
tIcfw A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-{μo-I-c-W-
Øn¬ CX-c-kw-ÿm-\-ßsf At]-£n®v
Gsd ap∂n-em-sW∂ bmYm¿∞yw C∂v
]cs° AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p.
AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-{μo-
I-c-W-Ønse "tIc-f-am-XrI' tZiob Xe-
Ønepw kwÿm-\-ß-fnepw Cs∂mcp
N¿®m-hn-jbw IqSn-bmWv. ]Ww Xmsg
X´n¬ \evIn-b-Xnepw, DtZym-Kÿ ]p\
¿hn-\ym-k-Ønepw, kpXm-cy-X-bnepw, P\-
]-m-fn-Ø-Ønepw im‡o-I-cW {]h¿
Ø-\-ß-fnepw, {]h¿Ø\ kzmX-{¥y-
Ønepw tIcfw A\p-h¿Øn-°p∂ coXn
as‰mcp kwÿm-\Øpw \ne-hn-en√.
F∂m¬ {]mtZ-in-I-`-cWw IqSp-X¬ ^eh-Øm-I-W-sa-n¬
tIcfw C\nbpw apt∂dm-\p≠v.
a‰p kwÿm-\-߃ tIc-f-Øn¬
\n∂p ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ CX-c-kw-ÿm-\-ßfn¬
\ne-\n¬°p∂ A\p-I-c-Wob amXr-
I-Iƒ Is≠-Øm\pw kzmb-Ø-am-°m
\pw tIc-f-Øn\p Ign-bWw. a‰n-S-ß-fn¬
H‰-s∏´p ImWp∂ AØcw amXr-I-Ifnse
Nne A\p-`-h-߃ ChnsS ]psh-bv°p∂p.
A[n-I- hn-`-h-k-am-l-cWw
A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-{μo-I-cW t{iWn-bn¬
]©m_v kwÿm-\-Øn-\p≈ ÿm\w
Xmsg X´n-emWv. hntI-{μo-I-c-W-Øn¬
Imcy-amb {]h¿Ø\w ChnsS \S-∂n-´n√.
hen-∏-Ønepw P\-kw-Jy-bnepw sNdnb
]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ. hnkvXo¿Æw icm-icn
aq∂v NXp-c{i Intem-ao-‰¿ am{Xw. P\kw-Jytbm
500\pw 1000\pan-S-bn¬
F∂m¬ ]pd-tºm°v `qan-bpsS IpØI
{Kma-]-©m-b-Øn-\mWv. \nIp-Xn-h-cp-am-\sam-∂p-an-s√-nepw
]pd-tºm-°p-`qan ]m´-
Øn\p \¬In \s√mcp XpI Ch¿ kaml-cn-°p∂p.
530 thm´¿am-cp≈ ]©m-b-Øn\v 5
e£w cq] hcp-am\w In´p-∂Xv sNdnb
Imcy-a-√s√m. CXn¬ sNdnb Hcp hnlnXw
tªm°v Pn√m ]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ°p \¬I-
W-sa∂v hyh-ÿ-bp≠v. A[n-I-hn-`h
kam-l-c-W-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ I¿Æm-
S-Ibpw ]nd-In-e√. ChnsS {Kma-]-©mb-Ønse
P\-kwJy 5000\pw 8000 \pw anSbn-emWv.
Hcp ]©m-b-Øns‚ hm¿jn-I
-_-P‰v 40 e£w cq]-tbmfw hcpw. \nIp-
Xn-]n-cnhp \S-Øm-\p≈ A[n-Imcw ka
¿∞-ambn {]tbm-Kn-°p∂ ]©m-b-Øp-
I-fp≠v. _√m-≠q¿ (Ballandur) {Kma-]-
©m-b-Øns‚ A\p-`hw CXmWv sXfnbn-°p-∂Xv.
t\csØ 17 e£w cq] \n
IpXn ]ncn-®n-cp∂ ÿm\Øv AXv Hcp
tImSn-bmbn Db¿∂n-cn-°p∂p. apI-fn¬
\n∂p≈ \n¿t±-i-߃°v ImØn-cn-
°msX \ne-hn-ep≈ ]cn-an-X-amb A[n-
Imcw D]-tbm-Kn-®mWv {]kvXpX ]©mbØv
Cu t\´w ssIh-cn-®Xv. tKmhbn¬
]©m-b-Øp-I-fpsS {][m\ hcpam\w
Sqdnkw hyh-km-b-Øn¬ \n∂mWv.
IqSmsX ChnsS kzØv (property) \nIp-
Xnbpw ]©m-b-Øn-\-h-Im-i-s∏-´-XmWv.
t{]m’m-l-\-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ \nIp-Xn-]ncn-®-Xn\v
kam-\-amb XpI k¿°m¿
{Km‚mbn \evIn-h-cp∂p.
DtZym-Kÿ \nb-a\w
]©m-_n¬ ASp-Øn-sS-bmbn DtZymK
\nb-a-\-ß-fn¬ ]©m-bØpw ssII-
SØn XpSßn. ChnsS Pn√m ]©m-b-
Øn\v Kh:ss{]adn kv°qfp-I-fnse
A≤ym-]-Isc \nb-an-°m\pw, iºfw
sImSp-°m\pw, ÿew am‰w \S-Øm-\pap≈
A[n-Im-c-ap≠v. CXn-\mbn Pn√m
]©m-bØv sNb¿am-\m-bp≈ ske-
£≥ IΩ‰n cq]o-I-cn®p {]h¿Øn-
°p∂p. kpXm-cy-am-bmWv IΩn-‰n-bpsS
{]h¿Ø\w. DtZym-Km¿∞n-Iƒ°p e`n®
ASn-ÿm\ tbmKy-X-bpsS am¿°mWv
ske-£\v B[mcw. C‚¿hyq, Fgp-Øp-
]-co£ F∂nh C√. kz¥w {Kma-
Ønse Hgn-hp-Iƒ°v Ahn-sS-\n-∂p-≈h¿°v
ap≥K-W-\-bp≠v. CØ-c-Øn¬
CXn-\Iw 11010 A≤ym-]-Isc \nb-an®p
Ignp. ss{]adn sl¬Øv sk‚-dnse
tUmIvS¿am-tcbpw, ]mcm-sa-Un°¬
Ãm^n-t\bpw Pn√m ]©m-bØv \nban-°p∂p.
sh‰n-\dn tUmIvS¿am-cpsS
\nb-a-\hpw Ah¿°p Xs∂. Bip-]-{Xn-
I-fn-te-bv°p≈ acp-∂ns‚ ]Whpw
]©m-bØp \evIp∂p. NØo-kvL-´nepw
Pn√m ]©m-b-Øn\v A≤ym-]I \nb-a-
\-Øn-\-[n-Im-c-ap≠v. ChnsS DtZym-Kÿ
\nb-a-\-߃°p-th≠n {]tXy-I-ambn
]©m-bØv tIU¿ \ne-hn¬ h∂n-´p≠v.
]©m-b-Øn\p hn´p-In-´nb ÿm]-\ßfnse
Poh-\-°m-scbpw CXp-ap-Jm-
¥cw \nb-an-°p∂p.
h\n-Xm-kw-h-c-Whpw
kv{Xoim-‡o-I-c-Whpw
h\nXm kwh-c-W-Im-cy-Øn¬ CXc
kwÿm-\-߃ Gsd apt∂m-´p-t]m-bn-
´p≠v. DØ-c-Jfiv kwÿm\w h\n-Xmkw-h-cWw
50% B°n Db¿Øn-b-Xn\p
]pdsa kwh-cW Ime-ssZ¿Lyw 10
h¿j-ambn h¿≤n-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂p. h\n-Xmkw-h-cWw
50% B°p-∂-Xn¬ _olm¿,
cmP-ÿm≥, a≤y-{]-tZiv F∂o kwÿm-
\-߃ apt∂m-´p-h-∂n-´p-s≠-nepw
Imem-h[n 10 h¿j-am-°p-∂Xv CXm-ZyamWv.
kwh-c-tW-Xc ko‰p-I-fn¬ \n∂pw
a≤y-{]-tZ-in¬
{Kma-k-`-Iƒ°v P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-
Isf Xncn®p hnfn-°m-\p≈
A[n-Im-c-ap≠v.
sXc-s-SpØv c≠p
h¿j-Øn-\p-tijw Cu
A[n-Imcw Ah¿°p
{]tbm-Kn°mw. BsI
thm´¿am-cn¬ 2/3 t]cpsS
]n≥XpW Ds≠-n¬
saº¿s°-Xnsc
{]tabw ]mkm-°p-Ibpw
ÿm\w
\jvS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw.
Pbn-®p-h-cp∂ h\n-X-I-fpsS FÆ-Ønepw
KWy-amb h¿≤-\-hp≠v. _olm-dn¬ {Kma-
]-©m-b-Øp-I-fn¬ 54% h\nXm {]Xn-\n-
[n-I-fp-≈-t∏mƒ I¿Æm-S-I-bn¬ AXp
43%hpw Acp-Wm-N¬ {]tZ-in¬ 40%hp
amWv. Hdo- -bn¬ {Kma-]-©m-b-Øp-Ifn¬
sshkv{]-kn-U‚p ÿm\w h\n-X-
Iƒ°p-am-{X-ambn kwh-cWw sNbvXn-
´p≠v. lcn-bm-\-bn¬ \nwtJZ (Neemkheda)
]©m-b-Øn¬ F√m AwK-ßfpw h\n-
X-Iƒ am{XamWv. C¥y-bnse BZysØ
h\n-Xm-]-©m-bØv F∂ JymXnbpw
Ah¿°p≠v. alm-cm-jv{S-bn¬ h\n-X-
Iƒ°p-am-{X-ambn {Kma-k-`-Iƒ {]h¿Øn-
°p∂p. s]mXp-{Km-a-k-`-Iƒ°p apt∂m-
Sn-bmbn h\nXm {Kma-k-`-Iƒ tbmKw
tN¿∂v \n¿t±-i-߃ apt∂m-´p-sh-°p∂p.
Nne kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ tZiob {][m\
Znh-k-ß-fmb BKkvXv 15, HIvtSm-_¿
2, P\p-hcn 26 F∂o Xoø-Xn-I-fn¬ {Kmak-`-Iƒ
tN¿∂n-cn-°-W-sa∂v \n¿_-‘ap≠v.
Cu Znhkw tNcp∂ {Kma-k`
kv{XoI-fp-sSbpw ]nt∂m° hn`m-K-°mcp-sSbpw
{]iv\-߃ N¿®-sN-ø-W-sa∂pw
\njvI¿jn-°p∂p.
kzbw-k-lm-b-kw-L-߃
lnam-N¬{]-tZ-in¬ ]pcp-j-∑m-cp-sSam-{X-am-bp≈
kzbw-k-lmb kwL߃
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂p≠v. Zmcn{Zy tcJ
bv°p Xmsg-bp≈ F√m ]pcp-j-∑mcpw
CXn¬ AwK-ß-fmWv. h\n-XI-fpsS
kwL-ßfpw kam-¥-c-ambn {]h¿Øn-
°p∂p. ]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ Ah-bpsS
{]h¿Ø\w GtIm-]n-∏n-°p∂p. Pn√m-
X-e-Øn¬ am¿°-‰nwKv irwJe Xo¿°p-
∂-Xn¬ Pn√m ]©m-bØv ap≥ssI- F-Sp-
°p∂p. aWn-∏q-cn¬ h\n-X-Iƒ am{Xambn
\S-Øp∂ am¿°-‰p-Iƒ ImWmw.
]eXpw ]©m-b-Øns‚ klm-b-tØmsS-bmWv
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv. ChnsS
F√m h\n-X-Ifpw H∂-s√-n¬ as‰mcp
kzbw klm-b-kw-L-ß-fn¬ (Self Help
Group) AwK-ß-fmWv. tªm°v Xe-Øn¬
am¿°-‰nwKv s\‰vh¿°v Hcp-°n-bn-´p-≈-
Xn-\m¬ D¬∏-∂-߃°v hn]Wn Is≠-
Øp∂ Imcy-Øn¬ ChnsS henb {]iv\an√.
kn°nw kwÿm-\Øv tªm°v Xe-
Øn¬ kzImcy ]m-fn-Ø-tØmsS
{KmaoW hn]-W\ tI{μ-߃ (Rural
Business Hubs) {]h¿Øn-°p∂p. {]mtZinI
kmº-Øn-I- hn-I-k-\-Øn¬ Ch
\n¿Æm-bI ]phln-°p-∂p≠v.
{Kma-k-`-Iƒ
a≤y-{]-tZ-in¬ {Kma-k-`-Iƒ°v P\-
{]-Xn-\n-[n-Isf Xncn®p hnfn-°m-\p≈
A[n-Im-c-ap≠v. sXc-s-SpØv c≠p
h¿j-Øn-\p-tijw Cu A[n-Imcw Ah
¿°p {]tbm-Kn°mw. BsI thm´¿amcn¬
2/3 t]cpsS ]n≥XpW Ds≠-n¬
saº¿s°-Xnsc {]tabw ]mkm-°p-Ibpw
ÿm\w \jvS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw. Imcy-
£-a-a-√mØ P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒs°-
Xnsc {]tbm-Kn-°p∂ Bbp-[-am-WnXv.
aWn-∏q-cn¬ {Kma-k-`-Ifpw ]©m-b-Øp-
Ifpw XΩn¬ At`-Zy-_-‘-ap≠v. ChnsS
{Kma-k-`-I-fmWv ]©m-b-Øp-I-fmbn ]cn-
W-an-®Xv. ]©m-bØv {]kn-U‚ v G‰hpw
Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv {Kma-k`m A≤y-£≥
F∂ t]cn-emWv. ]©m-b-tØm-^o-kns\
{Kma-k-`m- Hm-^okv F∂pw Ch¿ hnfn-
°p∂p. aWn-∏q-cn¬ {Kma-k-`-bpsS
{][m\ Npa-Xe {]iv\-]-cn-lm-c-amWv.
t\csØ "\ymb ]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ' \ne-
\n-∂n-cp∂ {]tZ-i-am-b-Xp-sIm-≠mImw
{Kma-k` Cu {]h¿Ø\w `wKn-bmbn
\n¿h-ln-°p-∂Xv. tkmjy¬ HmUn‰v
(Social audit) \v t]cp-tI´ kwÿm-\amWv
B{‘m-{]-tZiv. tZiob sXmgnep-d∏p
]≤-Xn-bpsS hnP-bw-Xs∂ {Kmak`
\S-Øp∂ tkmjy¬ HmUn-‰nwMv
^e-{]-Z-am-Ip-∂-Xn-eq-sS-bmWv. tZiob
ÿm]-\-amb \mj-W¬ C≥Ãn-‰yq´v
Hm^v dqd¬ Uh-e-]vsa‚ v (NIRD) tkm
jy¬ HmUn-‰n-ßn-\p≈ coXn k{º-Zmbw
cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v. ]›n-a-_wKm-fn¬
Pn√m-]-©m-b-Øn\pw tªm°v ]©m-b-
Øn\pw {]tXyI {Kma-k-`-I-fp≠v.
8 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
9

v
ChnsS F√m {Kma-]-©m-bØv AwK-ß
]e kwÿm-\-ß-fnepw {Kma-]-©m-
fpw, tªm°v saº¿amcpw, tªm°v {Kmab-Ønse
P\-{]-Xn-\n[n kwL-S-\-Ifpw
k-`-bn¬ AwK-am-Ip-tºmƒ F√m tªm°v
]©m-bØv A≤y-£-∑mcpw {Kma-]-©mb-Øv
A≤y-£-∑mcpw Pn√m ]©m-bØv
_olm-dn¬
{Kma-]-©m-b-Øp-I-fn¬ 54%
Atkm-kn-tb-j\pw A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-{μo-
I-c-W-Øns‚ h‡m-°-fmbn amdn-Ignp.
Ah I£n-cm-jv{So-b-Øn-\-Xo-
Aw-K-ßfpw Pn√m-{Km-a-k-`-bn¬ AwK-ßfm-Wv.
CXv h¿j-Øn¬ c≠p-{]m-hiyw
hnfn-®p-tN¿°-W-sa∂v \nb-a-ap≠v.
"kmwkXv' F∂mWv {Kma-k-`-Iƒ Adnb-s∏-Sp-∂Xv.
im‡o-I-cW {]h¿Ø-\-߃
]e kwÿm-\-ß-fnepw ]cn-io-e\w
Cs∂mcp apJy AP-≠-bmWv. I¿Æm-
S-I-bnse ssakq¿ tI{μ-am°n {]h¿
Øn-°p∂ S.I.R.D km‰vsse‰v (Satellite)
kwhn-[m-\-Øn-eqsS F√m tªm°v
Bÿm-\-ß-fn-ep-ambn _‘-s∏-´n-cn-
°p∂p. ChnsS {]tXy-I-ambn k÷-am-
°nb ÃpUntbmhneqsS HmUntbm
hoUntbm ¢m p-Iƒ 224 tI{μ-ß-fnembn
\S-Øn-h-cp∂p. DtZym-K-ÿcpw
P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Ifpw henb tXmXn¬
{]kvXpX ]cn-io-e\ ]cn-]m-Sn-bp-ambn
_‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p. ]cn-io-e\w hntI
{μo-I-cn®v \S-∏n-em-°p∂ coXn-bmWv cmPÿm-\n-ep-≈Xv.
Chn-SpsØ {][m\ ]cnio-e\
ÿm]-\-amb Cμn-cm-Km‘n
]©m-b-Øo-cmPv ÿm]-\-Øn≥ Iogn¬
ap∂q-tdmfw D]-tI-{μ-߃ {]h¿Øn-°p-
∂p≠v. Nne kwÿ-\-ß-fnepw ]©mb-Øp-IƒXs∂
dntkmgvkv sk‚-dp-Iƒ
(Resource Centre) ÿm]n-®n-´p≠v. Xan-gv
\m-´n-ep≈ IpØ≥_°w {Kma-]-©mbØv
{]tXy-I-ambn sXmgn¬]-cn-io-e\
tI{μ-߃ \S-Øn-h-cp∂p. im‡o-I-cW
{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ CØcw kwhn-[m-\߃
Gsd {]tbm-P-\-]-c-amWv.
CX- -c- kw-hn-[m-\-߃
]›n-a-_w-Km-fn¬ "{Kma-D-∂-b≥kanXn'
(Grama Unnayan Samithi) {Kma-]-©mb-Øn\p
Iogn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p∂p. {Kmak-`-bn¬
\n∂pw sXc-s-Sp-°-s∏-Sp∂
{]tXyI IΩn-‰n-I-fm-WnXv. ]©m-b-
Øns‚ ]≤-Xn-B-kq-{XWw, \n¿h-lWw,
tamWn-‰-dnwKv F∂o {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬
]©m-b-Øp-Isf klm-bn-°p-I-bmWv
apJy-I¿Ωw. ]›n-a-_w-Km-fn¬ Pn√m
]©m-b-Øn\v {]Xn-]-£-t\-Xmhv sNb
¿am-\m-bp≈ Pn√m Iu¨kn¬ \ne-hnep≠v.
Pn√-bnse F√m ]©m-b-Øn-s‚
bpw A°u-≠p-Ifpw, hm¿jnI IW-°p-
Ifpw {]kvXpX IΩn-‰n°v ]cn-tim-
[n°mw.
Pn√-bnse ]ªn°v A°u≠v IΩn‰n,
Hmw_p-Uvkvam≥ F∂o Npa-X-ebpw
h\nXm {]Xn-\n-[n-I-fp-≈- X-ambn {]h¿Øn-°p∂p F∂-XmWv
t∏mƒ I¿Æm-S-I-bn¬ {]tXy-IX. hntI-{μo-I-cWw apI-fn¬
AXp 43%hpw Acp-Wm-N¬
\n∂pw ASn-t®¬∏n® ]≤-Xn-bm-sW-
∂-Xn\v A]-hm-Z-ambn Xmsg-X-´n¬ Db-
{]tZ-in¬ 40%hpamWv. cp∂ Bh-iy-am-sW-∂-Xn-tebv°v am‰n-sb-
Hdo- -bn¬ {Kma-]-©m-b-Øp Sp-°m≥ Atkm-kn-tb-js‚ {]h¿Ø-
-I-fn¬ sshkv{]-kn-U‚p \w-sIm≠v km[n-®n-´p≠v. IqSp-X¬ A[nÿm\w
h\n-X-Iƒ°p Im-chpw ]Whpw ]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ°p
-am-{X-ambn kwh-cWw e`n-°p-∂-Xn\pw AsXmcp P\-Iob Bh-
sNbvXn-´p≠v. lcn-bm-\-bn¬ iy-ambn \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xn\pw Atkm-kntb-j-\p-Ifpw
kwL-S-\-Ifpw Xmsg-X-
\nwtJZ (Neemkheda)
e-Øn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xmbn ImWmw.
]©m-b-Øn¬ F√m DØ¿{]-tZ-in¬ Cu Bhiyw \nc-¥-
AwK-ßfpw
c-ambn Ah¿ D∂-bn-®p-h-cp∂p. aWnh\n-X-Iƒ
am{XamWv. ∏q-cn¬ a≤y-X-e-]-©m-bØv cq]o-I-cn-°p-
∂-Xn\pw, Un.]n.kn.bpsS {]h¿Ø\w
Imcy-£-a-am-°p-∂-Xn\pw, hm¿Uv k`-
Iƒ cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw aWn-∏q¿ ]©mbØv
]cn-jØv cwK-Øp≠v. ]©m-_n¬
{]kvXpX Pn√m-Iu¨kn¬ \n¿h-ln- ]©m-bØv sXc-s-Sp∏v am‰n-sh-°m-
°p∂p. KpP-dm-Øn¬ 13000 {Kma-]-©m- \p≈ Xocp-am-\-Øn¬ hym]-I-amb {]Xnb-Øp-I-fn¬
Iºyq-´¿h¬°-cWw \S-∂p- tj[w Db¿∂-Xns‚ ]nd-Inepw Atkm-
I-gnp. ]©m-b-Øn¬\n∂pw dh-\yqkn-tb-js‚ km∂n≤yw ImWm≥
hn-h-c-߃ Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ Imcy-߃ Ignbpw. a‰p kwÿm-\-ß-fnse \√ A\p-
Adn-bm-\p≈ kwhn-[m\w AhnsS \ne- `-h-߃ Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn-®mWv Atkm-kn-
\n¬°p∂p. lcn-bm-\-bn¬ bphP-\-]- tb-j-\p-Iƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv F∂Xpw
m-fnØw Dd-∏m-°p∂ {]h¿Ø-\-߃ {it≤-b-amWv.
\S-∂p-h-cp-∂p≠v. s\lvdp bph-tI-{μ-
73,74 `c-W-L-S-\m-t`-Z-K-Xn-I-fpsS
Øns‚ klm-b-tØmsS ]©m-bØv
]Xn-\-©m-≠p-Iƒ ]n∂n-Sp-tºmƒ
bph-i‡n A`n-bm≥ ]≤Xn Bkq-{X-Whnhn[
kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ ]e-co-Xn-Iƒ
Ønepw \n¿h-l-W-Ønepw {Kma-]-©m-b-
\ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. AXn¬
Øp-Isf klm-bn-°p∂p. sNs∂-bnse
A\p-I-c-Wob amXr-I-Iƒ D≠v. Ah
cmPo-hv Km‘n \mj-W¬ C≥Ãn-‰yq´v
Is≠-Øp-I-bmWv {][m\w. tI{μ-]-©m-
t^m¿ bqØv Uh-e-]vsa‚ (RGNIYD)
b-Øo-cmPv a{¥m-ebw Xs∂ AØcw
]©m-b-Ønse bpP-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ°v
tamU-ep-Iƒ Is≠Øn {]N-cn-∏n-°mam{X-ambn
{]tXy-I- ]-cn-io-e\ ]cn-]m-
\p≈ {iaw XpS-ßn-bn-´p≠v. A[n-Im-c-
Sn-Iƒ \S-Øn-h-cp∂p. aWn-∏q¿, tKmh,
hn-tI-{μo-I-cWw ^e-h-Ømbn \S-∏n-emcmP-ÿm≥
F∂o kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬
°p-∂-Xn\pw ]©m-b-Øo-cmPv kYm-]h\nXm
P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fpsS im‡o-I-
\-ßsf bYm¿∞ {]mtZ-inI k¿°mc-W-Øn-\mbn
]©m-bØv aln-fm-i‡n
cp-I-fm°n am‰m-\p≈ {ia-߃°v AXv
A`n-bm≥ (PMSA) {]h¿Øn-®p-h-cp∂p.
Gsd klm-b-I-am-Ip-sa-∂-Xn¬ kwi-
]©m-_n¬ {Kmao-W-Ip-Sn-sh≈ ]≤-Xnb-an√.
I-fpsS \nb-{¥Ww ]©m-b-Øn-s\-bmWv
G¬∏n-®n-´p-≈Xv. lnam-N¬ {]tZ-inse
(teJI≥
{Kma-k-`-Iƒ \evIp∂ k¿´n-^n-°‰v NfioK-Vnse sk‚¿ t^m¿ dnk¿®v
(Utilisation certificate) Ds≠-n¬ am{Xsa
C≥ dqd¬ & C≥U-kv{Sn-b¬
\n¿ΩmW {]h¿Øn-I-fpsS ]Ww A\p-
Uh-e-]vsa‚ns‚ Ub-d-Œ-dmWv)
h-Zn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bp≈p. tKmh-bn¬ F√m
�
]©m-b-Øp-Ifpw kn‰n-k¨ Nm¿´¿
{]kn-≤o-I-cn-®p-I-gnp.
P\-{]-Xn-\n[n kwL-S-\-Iƒ
{Kma-k`
bYm-k-abw tNcpI
saº¿ Atbm-Ky-\m-hm-Xn-cn-°pI
AUz. jn≥e _n
IS-bv°m-hq¿
`c-W-Ønepw Bkq-{X-W-Ønepw sXc-s-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ A[n-Im-chpw, ®p-Iq´n Imcy-߃ N¿® sNbvXv Xocp-
P\-Iob ]m-fn-Øhpw kpXm-cy-Xbpw `c-W-Ønepw ]≤-Xn-I-fnepw D≈ \S-Øn- am\w FSp-°p-∂-Xn¬ P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ
Dd-∏p-h-cp-Ø-W-sa∂pw Agn-a-Xnbpw ]£- ∏ns\ kw_-‘n®v Ah-tem-I\w sNøp- hogvN hcp-Øp-∂-Xmtbm, As√-n¬
]m-Xhpw A\o-Xnbpw Hgn-hm-°-W-sa∂pw ∂-Xn-\p≈ Npa-X-e-Ifpw {Kma-k-`-I-fn¬ \nb-a-Øn¬ \n¿t±-in-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v
D≈ e£y-t_m-[-tØm-sS-bmWv ]©m- \n£n-]vX-amWv. P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ°v am{Xw {Kma-k` hnfn-®p-Iq-´¬ F∂ Hcp
bØv cmPv BIvSn¬ {Kma-k-`-Iƒ Xß-fpsS {]h¿Ø-\-߃ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p- NSßp \SØn t]mIp-∂tXm Bb ]cmtN¿∂v
hnI-k\ Imcy-߃ Btem-Nn- ∂-Xn\pw, hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw P\-lnXw Xn-Iƒ ]e `mK-Øp-\n∂pw D≠v. {Kma-
°p-Ibpw N¿® sNbvXv Xocp-am-\n-°-W- a\- n-em°n {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn\pw Ignk`m tbmK-Øn-s‚bpw, AXp hnfn-®psa∂pw
\njvI¿jn-°p-∂Xv. {Kma-k-`- bp-∂-XmWv. AXp-t]mse hm¿Unse P\- Iq-t´-≠-Xn-s‚bpw, AXn\v hogvN hcp-
Iƒ°v hn]p-e-amb A[n-Im-c-ß-fmWv ߃°v Xß-fpsS Bh-iy-ßfpw Bh- Øn-bm¬ D≠m-tb-°m-hp∂ ]cn-WnX
tIcf ]©m-bØv cmPv BIvSn¬ \¬Inem-Xn-Ifpw P\{]Xn-\n-[n-bpsS {i≤-bn¬ ^e-ßfpw a\- n-em-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv
bn-´p-≈Xv. hntI-{μo-IrX Bkq-{X-W-Øn sIm≠p-h-cm\pw hm¿Un¬ \S-∏m-°n-bXpw G‰hpw DNn-X-amWv.
s‚ `mK-ambn Xmtg-X-´n¬\n∂pw Bkq- \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xp-amb hnI-k\ {]h¿Ø-\- 1994 se tIcf ]©m-bØv cmPv
{XWw \S-Ø-W-sa∂ Bh-iy-IX ap∂n ßsf kw_-‘n®v N¿® sNøm≥ Ign- BIvSv 3-˛mw hIp-∏n¬ {Kma-k-`-sb-∏‰n
¬I-≠p-sIm-≠mWv {Kma-k-`-Iƒ IqSn bp-∂-Xp-amWv. B\p-Iqey hnX-c-W- hnh-cn-°p∂p. {Kma-k` F∂m¬ {Kma-]hnI-k\
Imcy-ßfpw hm¿Uns‚ s]mXp߃°v A¿l-X-s∏-´-h-cpsS ap≥K-W ©m-bØv `q{]-tZ-i-Ønse Hcp hm¿
hmb Imcy-ßfpw N¿® sNbvXv Xocp-am- \m enÃv {Kma-k-`-bn¬ \n∂pw sXc-s- Unse thm´¿am-cpsS Iq´mb k`-bmWv.
\n-°-W-sa∂v \nb-aw-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°p- Sp-°p-∂-Xp-aqew XnI kpXm-cy-Xbpw {Kma-k` AwK-߃ B hm¿Unse
∂Xv. hnI-k\ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ Xøm-dm-°p-∂- \njv]-£-Xbpw ]men-°m\m-hp-∂-XmWv. thmt´gvkv enÃn¬ t]cv Dƒs∏-´hcm
Xnse ]m-fn-Øhpw, KpW-t`m-‡m-°sf F∂m¬ {Kma-k-`-Iƒ bYmkabw hnfn- Ip∂p.
1 0 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
1 1

v
v
v
v
v
bnepw ka-bØpw tbmKw tNtc-≠Xpw
t\m´okv {]kn≤w sNbvXpw AXv {Kma-
tbmKw tNcp∂ hnhcw Hcp s]mXp
k-`m-Xn¿Øn°p-≈nse kvIqfp-I-fnepw
t\m´okv aptJ\ {Kma-k-`-bpsS I¨
k¿°m¿ B^o-kp-I-fnepw s]mXp-ÿ-
ho-\¿ {Kma-k`m AwK-ßsf Adn-bne-ß-fnepw
]©m-bØv Hm^o-knepw
t°-≠Xpw Aßs\ D≈ tbmK-Øn¬
]Xn®pw {]kn≤w sNtø-≠-Xm-Ip∂p.
Xm≥ I¨ho-\¿ (hm¿Uv saº¿) Bbn-cn-°p∂ {Kma-k-`-bpsS tbmKw
aq∂p-am-k-Øn¬ Hcn-°¬ hnfn®p Iq´p-∂-Xn¬ XpS¿®-bmbn
c≠p-X-hW hogvN-h-cp-Øp∂ ]£w B saºsd tIcf ]©m-bØv cmPv BIvSv
35 (P) hIp-∏-\p-k-cn®v Atbm-Ky-\m-°p-∂Xpw Abmƒ AwK-ambn DtZym-K-Øn¬
XpS-cm≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xp-amWv. AXm-bXv XpS¿®-bmbn 6 amk-°mew
{Kma-k` hnfn®p tN¿°mØ ]£w hm¿Uv saº¿°v Atbm-KyX D≠m-Ip-∂-XmWv.
I¨ho-\¿:
hnfn®p Iq´p-∂Xpw \S-Øn∏pw kw_- bØv IΩ‰n \n›-bn®p X∂n-cp-∂n√'
hm¿Un¬ \n∂pw sXc-s-Sp-°- ‘n®v 1995 ¬ \ne-hn¬ h∂ dqƒ A\p- F∂pw As√-n¬ "]©m-bØv {]kns∏´
{Kma-]-©m-bØv AwKw {Kma-k- k-cn®v {Kma-k-`-bpsS Xob-Xnbpw ka- U‚ saº-dp-ambn IqSn Btem-Nn®v
`-bpsS I¨ho-\¿ Bbn-cn°pw. F∂m¬ bhpw {Kma-]-©m-bØv {]kn-U‚ {Kma- {Kma-k-`-bpsS Xob-Xnbpw ka-bhpw
GsX-nepw Imc-W-h-im¬ hm¿Uv k-`-bpsS I¨ho-\-dp-ambn (hm¿Uv saº- \n›-bn®p X∂n√' F∂pw B Imc-W-
saº¿°v Xs‚ IS-a-Ifpw Npa-X-e-Ifpw dp-ambn) IqSn Btem-Nn®v Xocp-am-\n-t°- ߃sIm-≠mWv bYm-k-abw {Kma-k`
imco-cn-I-amtbm at‰-sX-nepw Imc-W- ≠-XmWv. {Kma-k-`-bpsS kabw cmhnse hnfn®p tN¿°m≥ Ign-bmsX t]mb
Ømtem \n¿Δ-ln-°m≥ km[n-°mØ 8 \pw sshIp-t∂cw 6 aWn°pw at≤y- sX∂ X¿°hpw hmZhpw saº¿°v
]£w ]©m-bØv {]kn-U‚n\v ASp-
Bbn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw {Kma-k`m tbmK-Øn- XpW-bmbn {]tbm-Kn®v Atbm-Ky-X-
Øp≈ GsX-nepw hm¿Uns\ {]Xnte-bv°p≈
t\m´okv sk{I-´dn A®-Sn®v bn¬ \n∂pw Hgn-hm-Im-\m-hp-am-bn-cp∂p.
\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂ saºsd {Kma-k-`-bpsS
hnX-cWw sNø-W-sa∂pw N´-Øn¬ hnh- {Kma-k` IqSm-Xn-cp-∂Xp kw_-‘n®v
I¨ho-\-dmbn \nb-an°mw.
cn-°p∂p.
Ce-£≥ IΩo-j≥ \S-]-Sn-I-fn-t∑¬
A≤y-£≥:
1999 se t`Z-KXn:
D≈ tIcfm sslt°m-S-Xn-bnse hn[n-
\ym-b-Øn¬ {Kma-]-©m-bØv {]knh¿j-Øn¬
c≠p {]mhiyw {Kma-
{Kma-k-`-bpsS A≤y-£≥ ]©m-
U‚ Xob-Xnbpw ka-bhpw \¬In-bk`
IqS-W-sa-∂Xv, 24˛-3˛-1999 ¬ \nebØv
{]kn-U‚ Bbn-cn°pw. At±l
Xn\v tijhpw saº¿ {Kma-k` hnfn®p
hn¬ h∂ t`Z-KXn A\p-k-cn®v {Kma-
Øns‚ Akm-∂n-≤y-Øn¬ sshkv{]
tN¿Øn√m F∂ hy‡-amb Bh-emXn
k` aq∂p amk-Øn¬ Hcn-°¬ Fnepw
knU‚pw CcphcptSbpw Akm∂n≤y
l¿Pn-bn¬ C√m-Xn-cns° saºsd
IqS-W-sa∂ am‰w hcp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p.
Øn¬ {Kma-k-`-bpsS I¨ho-\¿ A≤y-
am{Xw Atbm-Ky-\m-°p-∂Xv A{]m-tbmkm[m-cW
tbmK-ß-fn-tebv°v {Kma-
£≥ Bbn-cn-t°-≠-Xp-amWv.
Kn-I-am-sW∂pw F∂m¬ ]©m-bØv
k` (hm¿Uv) Dƒs°m-≈-p∂ {]tZ-
tImdw:
BIvSv 35 (P) A\p-k-cn-®p≈ AtbmisØ
tªm°v ]©m-bØv saº-sdbpw
Ky-Xbv°v hnth-N\w C√ F∂pw hy‡-
{Kma-k-`-bpsS tImdw hm¿Unse Pn√m ]©m-bØv saº-sdbpw \nb-a-k`m
am-°n-b-Xp-amWv. (Lizy Valsalan V State
thm´¿am-cpsS 10% Bbn-cn°pw. F∂m¬ AwK-tØbpw {Kma-]-©m-bØv I¨ho-
Electon Commission˛2003 (3) KLT 1185).
Hcp {Kma-k` ¢n]vX kwJy-bn-√msX \¿ \n¿_‘ambpw £Wnt°≠XmWv.
]ncn-p-t]m-Ip∂ ]£w A{]-Imcw C{]-Imcw {Kma-k-`-bpsS ÿew {Kma-]- 2005se tIcf ]©m-bØv cmPv
]ncnp t]mb-Xns\ XpS¿∂v hnfn-®p- ©m-bØv Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂Xpw {Kma-]-©m- (aq∂mw t`Z-KXn) BIvSv:
tN¿°p∂ {Kma-k-`bv°v tImdw 50 bØv {]kn-U‚ {Kma-k`m I¨ho-\- 1999-se t`Z-K-Xn°v tijhpw {Kma-
AwK-߃ Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amWv. tdmSv (hm¿Uv saº-tdmSv) Btem-Nn®v k-`-Iƒ hnfn®p Iq´p-∂-Xn¬ Ahy-‡-
{Kma-k-`-bpsS Xob-Xnbpw ka-bhpw X-Ifpw \S-]-Sn-I-fn¬ \n∂v Hgp-hm-Iphnfn®p
Iqt´≠ \S-]-Sn-{I-aßfpw \n›-bn-°p-∂-Xp-amWv. ta¬{]-Imcw ∂-Xn¬ ]gp-Xp-Ifpw D≠m-bn-cp∂p.
t`Z-K-Xn-Ifpw:
\n_-‘-\-Iƒ \ne-\n¬s° Hcp hm¿Uv F∂m¬ 24-˛8-˛2005¬ \ne-hn¬ h∂ t`Z-
]©m-b-Øvv cmPv BIvSv \ne-hn¬h- saº¿°v {Kma-k` hnfn-®p-Iq-´p∂ DØ- KXn A\p-k-cn®v ""{Kma-k` Ipd-cp∂
1994 ¬ BIvSn¬ \njvI¿jn-®n-cp- c-hm-Zn-Xz-Øn¬ \n∂pw kmt-XnI ]gp- ]£w aq∂v amk-Øn¬ Hcn-°-se-
∂Xv h¿j-Øn¬ c≠v {]mh-iy-sa-nepw Xp-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn®v Hgn-p-am-dm≥ nepw {Kma-k-`-bpsS I¨ho-\¿ {Kma-
{Kma]©m-bØv Xocp-am-\n-°p∂ ÿe Ign-bp-am-bn-cp∂p. "Xm≥ saº-dmb hm¿ ]-©m-bØv {]kn-U‚p-ambn IqSn Btem-
Øv {Kma-k` tNc-W-sa-∂mWv. {Kma-k` Unse {Kma-k` IqtS≠ ÿew ]©m- Nn®v \n›-bn-°p∂ ÿeØpw Xob-Xn-
{Kma-k` Dƒs°m-≈p∂ {]tZ-isØ
{]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂ tªm°v ]©mbØv
AwK-tØbpw Pn√m ]©m-bØv
AwK-sØbpw \nb-a-k` AwK-sØbpw
\n¿_-‘-ambpw {Kma-k-`-bpsS I¨ho-
\¿ £Wn-t°-≠-Xp-amWv F∂v am‰w
hcp-Øn-b-Xp-amWv. C{]-Imcw t`Z-KXn
BIvSn¬ \ne-hn¬ h∂-tXmsS BIv
Snse t`Z-K-Xn-°\p-k-c-W-a-√mØ
dqfnse hyh-ÿ-Iƒ°v {]m_eyw
C√msX hcp-∂-Xp-amWv. CXp-{]-Imcw
a) {Kma-k` Ipd--]£w aq∂p
amk-Øn¬ Hcn-°¬ Fnepw
hnfn®p Iq´Ww.
b) {Kma-k-`-bpsS ÿehpw Xob-
Xnbpw ka-bhpw hm¿Uv saº¿
]©m-bØv {]kn-U‚p-ambn
Btem-Nn®v \n›-bn-°Ww.
c) {Kma-k` tNcp∂ hnhcw Hcp
s]mXp t\m´o-kn-eqsS hm¿Uv
saº¿ AwK-ßsf Adn-bn-°Ww.
d) tªm°v ]©m-bØv saº¿, Pn√m
]©m-bØv saº¿, M.L.A. F∂nhsc
{Kma-k-`-bn-tebv°v hm¿Uv
saº¿ £Wn-°Ww.
{Kma-k-`-bpsS {]tXyI tbmKw:
GsX-nepw {Kma-k-`-bpsS 10% Ipdbm-sX-bp≈
AwK-߃ tcJm-aqew
Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-n¬ A{]-Imcw
D≈ Bh-iy-tØm-sSm∏w \¬In-bn-´p≈
Imcy-]-cn-]m-Sn-tbmSv IqSn {Kma-k-`-bpsS
Hcp {]tXyI tbmKw {Kma-k-`-bpsS
I¨ho-\¿ 15 Znh-k-Øn-\Iw hnfn®p
Iqt´-≠-XmWv. A{]-Imcw D≈ {]tXyI
tbmKw hnfn®p Iq´p-∂Xv c≠v km[mcW
tbmK-߃°v CS-bn-ep≈ Imeb-f-hn¬
Hcn-°¬ am{X-amWv.
tIm¿Un-t\-‰¿:
{Kma-k-`-bpsS \S-Øn-∏n\v I¨ho-
\sd klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn\v {Kma-]-©mb-Øn-tetbmA\p-_-‘-ÿm-]-\-ß-fptStbm
Hcp DtZym-K-ÿs\ {Kma-k-`bpsS
tIm¿Un-t\-‰-dmbn ]©m-bØv
\n¿t±-in-°p-∂Xpw Abmƒ {Kma-k-`bpsS
an\n´vkv Xøm-dm-°n A\¥c \S-
]-SnIƒ kzoI-cn-t°-≠-Xp-amWv.
{Kma-k`m t\m´okv:
2005se t`Z-K-Xnsb XpS¿∂v {Kmak`
tNcp∂ hnhcw Hcp s]mXp t\m´o-
hm¿Unse hnI-k\
Imcy-߃ N¿® sNbvXv
]≤Xn Bkq-{X-W-Øn\pw,
\n¿Δ-l-W-Øn\pw bYm¿∞
KpW-t`m‡m-°sf sXc-s-
Sp-°p-∂-Xn\pw, hne-bn-cp-ج
\S-Øp-∂-Xn\pw {Kma-k-`-Iƒ
bYm-k-abw hnfn®p Iqt´-≠Xv
Xnc-s-Sp-°-s∏´ saº¿
Imem-h-[n°v apºv Atbm-Ky-
\m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xns\
klm-bn-°p-∂-Xp-amWv.
kn-eqsS hm¿Uv saº¿ AwK-ßsf Adnbn-t°-≠XmWv.
Hcp hm¿Unse thm´¿
am¿ Dƒs∏-Sp∂ {Kmak`m AwK-߃°v,
Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°ptam ho´nse apXn¿∂
AwK-Ønt\m t\m´okv t\cn´v \¬Ip-
∂Xv {]mtbm-Kn-I-a√. A{]-Imcw sNø-
W-sa∂v BIvSntem dqfntem \njvI¿
jn-®n´pw C√. (Mavoor Grama Panchayat
V Ombudsman 2007 (4) KLT. 886) {Kmak`m
\S-Øn∏p kw_-‘n-®p≈ N´
߃ ˛ dqƒ 4 A\p-k-cn®v {Kma-k`m
tbmK-Øns‚ ÿe-hpw- Xo-b-Xnbpw kabhpw
{]Nm-cWw \¬In AwK-ßsf
Adn-bn-°m≥ {Kma-k-`-bpsS I¨ho-\¿
{ian-t°-≠-XmWv. tIcfm ]©m-bØv
cmPv BIvSv (t\m´okv ]c-ky-s∏-Sp-tØ≠
coXn) N´-߃ 1996 {]Im-chpw {Kma-k`
\S-Øn∏p kw_-‘-amb N´-߃ {]Imchpw,
{Kma-k` tbmK-Øns‚ ÿehpw
Xob-Xnbpw ka-bhpw ]ckyw sNbvXp
AwK-ßsf ]s-Sp-°m≥ \n¿t±-in®v
{Kma-k` hnfn®p tN¿°m-Ø-Xn¬
D≈ Atbm-KyX:
Xm≥ I¨ho-\¿ (hm¿Uv saº¿)
Bbn-cn-°p∂ {Kma-k-`-bpsS tbmKw
aq∂p-am-k-Øn¬ Hcn-°¬ hnfn®p Iq´p-
∂-Xn¬ XpS¿®-bmbn c≠p-X-hW hogv
N-h-cp-Øp∂ ]£w B saºsd tIcf
]©m-bØv cmPv BIvSv 35 (P) hIp-∏-
\p-k-cn®v Atbm-Ky-\m-°p-∂Xpw Abmƒ
AwK-ambn DtZym-K-Øn¬ XpS-cm≥
]mSn-√m-Ø-Xp-amWv. AXm-bXv XpS¿®bmbn
6 amk-°mew {Kma-k` hnfn®p
tN¿°mØ ]£w hm¿Uv saº¿°v
Atbm-KyX D≠m-Ip-∂-Xp-amWv.
ta¬{]-Imcw HcwKw Atbm-Ky-\mbn
Xo¿∂n-´p-t≠m-sb∂v Hcp {]iv\w D¤hn-°p-tºmƒ
_‘-s∏´ ]©m-b-Ønse
Hcp AwK-Ønt\m As√-n¬ B AwKw
sXc-s-Sp-°-s∏´ hm¿Unse Hcp
thm´¿t°m kwÿm\ sXc-s-Sp∏v
IΩo-j≥ apºmsI B saºsd Atbm-
Ky-\mbn {]Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn l¿Pn
t_m[n-∏n-°m-hp-∂-XmWv. sXc-s-
Sp∏v IΩo-j≥ Bh-iy-sa∂v tXm∂p∂
At\z-jW hnNm-cW \SØn Xocp-am\w
FSp-°p-∂Xpw B Xocp-am\w A¥n-a-ambn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amWv.
F∂m¬ A{]-Imcw
D≈ l¿Pn-bn¬ A¥na Xocp-am\w
FSp-°p-∂-Xp-hsc B AwKw HutZym-
KnIÿm\Øv XpS-c-Wtam th≠tbm
F∂Xv kw_-‘n®v Hcp CS-°me DØchv
]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-∂-Xn\pw ]©m-bØv
cmPv BIvSv 36 (2) hIp-∏-\p-k-cn®v
kwÿm\ Ce-£≥ IΩo-j\v A[n-Imc-ap≠v.
ta¬{]-Imcw Hcp AwK-Øn\v
kwÿm\ sXc-s-Sp∏v IΩo-j≥
Atbm-KyX I¬∏n-®m¬ B AwKw
XpS¿∂v Hcp sXc-s-Sp-∏n¬ ÿm\m
¿∞n Bbn a’-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v ]©mbØv
cmPv BIvSv 34 (n) hIp-∏-\p-kcn®v
Atbm-KyX D≈-Xp-amWv.
hm¿Unse hnI-k\ Imcy-߃ N¿®
sNbvXv ]≤Xn Bkq-{X-W-Øn\pw, \n¿
Δ-l-W-Øn\pw bYm¿∞ KpW-t`m‡m-
°sf sXc-s-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\pw, hnebn-cp-ج
\S-Øp-∂-Xn\pw {Kma-k-`-
Iƒ bYm-k-abw hnfn®p Iqt´-≠Xv
Xnc-s-Sp-°-s∏´ saº¿ Imem-h-
[n°v apºv Atbm-Ky-\m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-∂-
Xns\ klm-bn-°p-∂-Xp-amWv.
�
1 2 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
1 3

{Kma-k` ^e-{]-Z-am-Ip-∂-Xn-\v
{Kmak`
^e{]ZamIp∂Xn\p
th≠n Xriq¿ Pn√bnse
AXnc∏n≈n
{Kma]©mbØn¬ \SØnb
]T\Øn¬
Db¿∂ \nKa\ßfpw
\n¿t±ißfpamWv
teJ\Øn¬
{]Xn]mZn®ncn°p∂Xv.
Fw.-]n. h¿°n
AXn-c-∏n≈n {Kma]©m-b-Øn¬
{Kma-k`m {]h¿Ø-\-ß-sf-°p-dn®v
]T\w \SØp∂Xns‚ `mKambn ap≥
{]kn-U‚p-am¿, ap≥ AwK-߃, Ct∏mgp≈
AwK-߃, h¿°nwKv {Kq∏n¬
ap≥]v {]h¿Øn-®n-´p-≈-h-cpw Ct∏mƒ
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂-hcpw, IpSpw-_{io {]Xn-
\n-[n-Iƒ, sF.-kn.-Un.-Fkv kq∏¿sshk¿,
km£-cXm t{]cIvam¿, hnt√Pv
FIvÃ≥j≥ Hm^o-k¿, kmaqly {]h
¿Ø-I¿, ]´n-I-h¿K Ducp-Iq´ aq∏≥
am¿, ]©m-b-Ønse DtZym-K-ÿ¿ F∂nh-cp-ambn
A`n-apJw \S-Øn, s]mXp N¿®-
Ifpw A`n-{]m-b-ßfpw kwL-Sn-∏n®v
{Kma-k` t\cn-Sp∂ {]iv\-߃, ]cn-lmc
am¿§-߃, F∂n-hsb kw_-‘n®v
Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-sSbpw A`n-{]m-b-߃
tiJ-cn®ncp∂p.
N¿®Ifn¬ {Kma-k` A`n-ap-Jo-Icn-°p∂
s]mXp-hmb {]iv\-ßfpw DNn-
X-amb ]cn-lmc \n¿t±-i-ßfpw Ah-
X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´p.
AXn-c-∏n≈n ]©m-b-Øns‚
{]tXyI kml-N-cy-߃
AXn-c-∏n≈n ]©mb-Øns‚ {]tXyI
kml-N-cy-Øn¬ {Kma-k` A`n-ap-Jo-Icn-°p-∂-Xmbn
N¿®-bn¬ ]s-Sp-Ø-h¿
Adn-bn® {]k-‡-amb {][m\ {]iv\-߃,
]pXn-b-Xmbn tXm∂nb {]iv\-߃
F∂nh NphsS tN¿°p-∂p.
1. ]©m-b-Øns‚ ^≠v, A[n-Im-c߃,
k_vkn-Un-Iƒ apX-em-bh
sh´n-°p-d-®-Xn-\m¬ P\{]Xn-\n-[n-
Iƒ°v {Kma-k-`sb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-
°m≥ aSn-bp-≠v.
2. P\-߃°v Adn-bm-\p≈ Ah-
Imiw \ntj-[n-°-s∏-Sp∂p.
3. DtZym-K-ÿ¿ {Kma-k-`m-tbm-K-ßfn¬
]s-Sp-°p-∂n√.
4. {Kma-k` AwKo-I-cn® ap≥K-W-\m-
{Iaw A´n-a-dn-°p-∂p.
5. hm¿jnI hchp sNehp IW-°p-Iƒ
{Kma-k-`-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂n-√.
6. GsX-nepw kwi-btam hni-Zo-Ic-Wtam
tNmZn-®m¬ {Kma-k` ]ncn-
®p-hn-Sp-∂p.
7. `c-W-k-an-Xn-bpsS kuI-cyw t\m°n
ka-bhpw Xob-Xnbpw ÿehpw
\n›-bn-°p-∂p.
8. icn-bmb {]Nm-c-W-Øns‚ A`m-h-
Øn¬ A[nIw t]cpw {Kma-k`m
tbmK-߃ kw_-‘n® hnh-c-߃
Adn-bm-dn-√.
9. {Kma-k-`-bpsS bYm¿∞ A[n-Imc-߃
P\-ßsf Adn-bn-°m≥ Bcpw
{ian-®n-´n-√. X∑qew {Kma-k-`-bpsS
Npa-X-e-Ifpw A[n-Im-c-ßfpw kw_-
‘n®v kmam\y P\-߃°v sX‰mb
[mc-W-bm-Wp-≈-Xv.
10. Ab¬°q-´-ß-fpsS {]k‡n \jvSs∏-SpØn
hm¿Up-sa-º¿am¿ Ab¬
°q-´-ß-fn¬ sN√p-∂n-√.
11. hm¿Unse Bh-iy-߃ kw_-
‘n®v icn-bmb kwhmZw \S-°p-
∂n-√.
12. ]©m-b-Øns‚ {]h¿Ø\w kw_-
‘n®v P\-߃°v aXn-∏n-√.
13. ]©m-bØv kan-Xn-t°m, DtZym-K-
ÿ¿t°m auenI Imcy-ß-fn¬ H∂pw
sNøm≥ A[n-Im-c-an√ F∂v P\߃°v
Adn-bmw. DZm: hcĨm Zpcn-
Xm-izmkw, {]Ir-Xn-t£m-`w, A]
-I-Sw, Zpc-¥-߃ apX-em-b-h.
14. ]©m-b-Øn¬ \n∂v P\-߃°v e`nt°≠
tkh-\-߃ kw_-‘n®v
P\-߃°v Adn-hn-√.
15. hIp∏ptZymK-ÿ¿ {Kma-k-`-bn¬
]s-Sp-Øv P\-ß-fpsS Bh-iy-߃,
{]iv\-߃ F∂nh a\-kn-em-°p-
Ibpw Ah-bv°p≈ ]cn-lm-c-߃
hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂n-√.
16 hnhn[ hIp-∏p-Iƒ XΩn¬ GtIm-
]-\-an-√.
17. CSp-ßnb Nn¥m-KXn h®p]pe¿
Øp∂ Nne¿ Xß-fpsS kzm[o-\-
Øn¬s]-´-hsc {Kma-k-`-bn¬ ]s-
Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw hne-°p-∂p.
18. t]meo-kv, h\w-h-Ip-∏v, Ce-Iv{Snkn‰n
t_m¿Uv apX-emb hIp-∏p-IfmWv
A[n-Im-c-ÿm-\-ß-sf∂pw
]©m-bØv A[n-Im-c-ÿm-\-as√∂pw
P\-߃ Icp-Xp-∂p.
19. k∂≤ kwL-S-\-Iƒ, ]uc-kw-L-
S-\-Iƒ XpSßn hnI-k\ cwKØpw
kmaqly cwKØpw {]h¿Øn-°p∂
kwL-S-\-Isf {Kma-k` kw_-
‘n® hnh-c-߃ Adn-bn-°p-∂-
Xnt\m Ahsc {Kma-k-`-bn¬ `mK-
`m-°m-°p-∂-Xnt\m D≈ {iaw \S-
°p-∂n-√.
20. Fw.-F¬.F ^≠v, Fw.]n ^≠v
F∂nh sNe-hm-°m≥ am\-Z-WvU߃
Ipd-hm-Wv. F∂m¬ ]©mbØp
^≠v hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn\v
At\Iw am\-Z-fi-߃ XS-k-am-
I-bm¬ ]©m-b-Øns\ kao-]n-
®m¬ {]tbm-P-\-an-s√∂v P\-߃
Icp-Xp-∂p.
21. cmjv{Sob sshcp-≤y-߃ \ne-\n¬
°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ {Kma-k-`-bn¬ ]s-
Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ apJy t{]cW
cmjv{So-b-am-Wv. cmjv{So-b-Øn\v
AXo-X-ambn P\-߃ {]mtZ-inI
Bh-iy-߃ D∂-bn-°m≥ Xøm-dm-
Ip-∂n-√.
22. {Kma-k` kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬
P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ°pw, a‰p {]h¿
Ø-I¿°p-ap≈ kwL-S\m ]mS-h-
Øns‚ A`m-hw.
23. P\-ß-fpsS {]iv\-߃°v ]cnlmcw
D≠m°m≥ ]©m-bØv ]cym-
]vX-a-√.
24. P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ, DtZym-K-ÿ¿ F∂
c≠v A[n-Imc ÿm\-߃ ]©m-b-
Øn¬ D≈-Xn-\m¬ Ccp-hn-`m-KsØbpw
Xr]vXn-s∏-SpØn Imcy-߃
t\SpI ZpjvI-c-am-Wv.
25. {Kma-k` N¿®-Iƒ ^e-{]-Z-am-°m≥
Ign-hp≈ {Kma-k-`mw-K-ßsf {Kmak`
tbmK-ß-fn-tebv°v BI¿jn-
°m≥ {i≤n-°m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ N¿®-
Iƒ hy¿∞-ambn Xocp-∂p.
{]tXyI {]iv\-߃
G‰hpw hnkvXr-Xn-bp≈ ]©m-b-Øv,
]´n-I-h¿K tImf-\n-Iƒ Gsd-bp≈
]©m-b-Øv, A©p hm¿Up-Iƒ tXm´w
taJ-e-bmb ]©m-b-Øv, `qcn-]£w
{]tZ-ihpw h\-ta-J-e-bmb ]©m-b-Øv,
ae-tbmc {]tZiw F∂o kml-N-cy-߃
sIm≠v AXn-c-∏n≈n {Kma-]-©m-b-
Øn\v X\-Xmb Nne {]iv\-߃ D≠v.
ssltd©v, tXm´w taJ-e, h\-ta-Je
F∂nh Dƒs°m-≈p∂ a‰p ]©m-b-Øp-
Iƒ°pw kam\ {]iv\-߃ Gdnbpw
Ipdpw D≠m-Ipw. s]mXp-]-T-\-ßfn¬
Ah Dƒs∏-Sp-Øm≥ km[yX Ipdhm-b-Xn-\m¬
AØcw {]iv\-߃ Xmsg
tN¿°p-∂p.
1) FtÉv taJ-e-bnepw h\-ta-J-ebnepw
bmsXmcp hnI-k\ {]h¿Ø
-\-ßfpw ]©m-b-Øn\v \S-Øm≥
Ign-bm-Ø-Xn-\m¬ AhnsS {Kma-k-
`-bn¬ P\-߃°v ]s-Sp-t°-≠-
Xmb bmsXmcp Bh-iy-hp-an-√. BsI
sImSp-°m-hp∂ B\p-Iqeyw ]pgbn¬
\n∂pw Pe-kw-`-c-Wn-I-fn¬
\n∂pw ao≥]n-Sn-°m-\p≈ ao≥ h-ebm-Wv.
AXn\v 1000 cq] KpWt`m‡r
hnln-X-ambn \n›-bn-®n-´p-
≈Xv sI´n-h-bv°-Ww. ]´n-I-h¿§-
°m¿°v A{Xbpw XpI kam-l-cn-
°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xn-\m¬ AXpw
{]tbm-P-\-c-ln-X-ambn Xocp-∂p.
2. DucpIq´-ßfpw P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Ifpw
XΩn¬ _‘w krjvSn-°m≥ Ign-
n-´n-√.
3. ]´nIh¿§-°m¿ D]-Po-h-\-Øn\v h\hn-`-h-߃
tiJ-cn-°m≥ h\-Øn-\p-
≈n¬ t]mbm¬ Gsd Znh-k-߃
Ignt Xncn-s®-Øp-I-bp-≈q.
X∑qew {Kma-k-`-bpsS hnhcw Ahsc
Adn-bn-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. As√-n¬
{Kma-k`m Znhkw Ah¿ h\-Øn-
\p-≈n-em-bn-cn°pw.
4. {Kma-k` tNcp∂ ÿe-tØ°v Zqc-
°q-Sp-X-ep-≈-Xn-\m¬ bm{Xm-sNehpw
tPmen-\-jvShpw t]dm≥ ]´n-
I-h¿§-°m¿°v tijn-bn-√.
5. {Kma-k` FSpØ Xocp-am-\-߃ \S-
∏m-°m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ a\x-]q¿Δw ]s-
Sp-°m-Xn-cn-°p∂p ({]-Xn-tj-[w).
\n¿t±-i-߃:
{Kma-k`m tbmK-߃ ^e-{]-Zhpw
A¿∞-]q¿Æ-hp-am-Im≥ h® {]k-‡amb
Nne \n¿t±-i-߃ Xmsg-tN¿
°p-∂p.
1. {Kma-k-`-Iƒ ^e-{]-Z-am-Im-Xn-cn-°p-
∂-Xn\v hnhn[ ]T-\-ß-fn¬ Nq≠n-
°m-Wn-°-s∏´ {]iv\-ßfpw A]m-
I-X-Ifpw ]cn-l-cn-°p-I.
2) hm¿Up saº¿ hm¿Unse P\-ß-fpambn
_‘-s∏´v `qcn-]£w t]¿°pw
]s-Sp-°m≥ kuI-cy-{]-Z-amb
ÿew, ka-bw, XobXn F∂nh a\n-em°n
{Kma-k`m tbmK-Øn-\p≈
]cn-]mSn \n›-bn-°-Ww.
3. hm¿Up-I-fn-ep≈ hm¿Øm-t_m¿Up-
I-fn¬ {Kma-k`m tbmK-Øns‚ AP-
≠bpw t{]m{Kmapw ap≥Iq´n {]kn-
≤o-I-cn-°p-I.
4. ]´n-I-h¿§-°m¿°v {]kn-U‚ns\
_lp-am-\-am-I-bm¬ {]kn-U‚ v
Ducp-Iƒ kμ¿in-°pIbpw {Kma-k-
`m-tbm-K-ß-fn¬, Ducp Iq´-ß-fn¬
]s-Sp-°m≥ t{]cn-∏n-°pIbpw
sNøp-I.
5. ]©m-b-Øn-\p≈ hnth-N-\m-[n-Imc-߃
IqSp-X¬ thWw. {]mtZ-inI
{]iv\-߃ ]cn-l-cn-°m-\p≈ thZnbmbn
{Kma-k-`bpw A[n-Im-c-ÿm-
\-ambn ]©m-bØpw Db-c-Ww.
6. FSp-°p∂ Xocp-am-\-߃ \S-∏m°n
t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww.
7. FtÉp sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ, a‰p
sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ, DtZym-K-ÿ¿, apXem-b-h¿°v
{Kma-k-`m-tbm-K-ß-fn¬
]s-Sp-°p-∂-Xv iº-f klnXw Ah-
[n-bmbn IW-°m-°m≥ Kh¨sa‚ v
DØ-chv ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°-Ww. Npa-Xe-s∏´
DtZym-K-ÿ¿ {Kma-k`m
tbmK-ß-fn¬ ]s-Sp-°p-∂Xv A\nhm-cy-am-°p-Ibpw
]s-Sp-°m-Xn-cn-
°p-∂Xv IrXy-\n¿Δ-l-W-Øn¬ hogvNbmbpw
IW-°m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp
sIm≠v \nbaw D≠m-°-Ww.
8. ]´n-I-h¿§-°m¿°v {Kma-k-`m-tbm-Kß-fn¬
FØp-∂-Xn-\p≈ bm{XmsN-ehv
sImSp-°-Ww.
{Kma-k` hnP-bn-∏n-°m≥ Nne
{]mtbm-KnI A\p`h-߃
{Kma-k` hnP-bn-∏n-°m≥ Iym]v
1 4 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
1 5

sUIv \S-Ønb ]T\-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-
\-Øn¬ Xøm-dm-°nb ssI∏p-kvXIw
({Km-a-k`m ssI∏p-kvX-Iw˛Fkv.-Un.-kn
˛-Iym-]vsU-Iv), {ioImcyw ]©mb-Øn¬
at\mPpw, kXoiv N{μ\pw tN¿∂v \S-
Ønb ]T-\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬
Xøm-dm-°nb dnt∏m¿´v (Community Based,
Working Model for Enhancing People’s
Participation in Gramasabha- A case study of
Sreekaryam Panchayath- A Journal for Local
Governance- KILA- January-March -2006-
Pages 54-58), Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw klm-bn,
hnhn[ Xpd-I-fn-ep≈ Bbn-c-Øn-e-
[nIw t]cn¬ \S-Ønb ]T-\-Øns‚
dnt∏m¿´v ({]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´n-√), hntI-
{μo-I-c-W-tØmSp Xm¬∏-cy-ap≈ hnhn-
[-Xp-d-I-fn-ep≈ Bƒ°m-cp-ambn t\cn´v
\S-Ønb kwhm-Z-߃, Bib hn\n-ab-߃,
]©m-bØv cmPv \S-∏m-°nb
Imew apX¬ CtX-hsc hnhn[ N¿®m-
¢m-kp-Iƒ \bn®v e`n® Adn-hp-Iƒ,
A\p-`-h-߃, Cu hnj-b-hp-ambn _‘s∏´
B\p-Im-enI {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ßfn¬
h∂ teJ-\-߃, dnt∏m¿´p-I-ƒ
F∂n-h-bpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ FØn-t®
¿∂ {][m-\-s∏´ \nK-a-\-߃ XmsgtN¿°p-∂p.
1. Bcw-`-Im-eØv IqSp-X¬ t]¿ {Kmak-`-bn¬
]s-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. AXn-\p
≈ ImcWw kwLmS\-Øns‚ hnPb-tam,
P\-߃°v e`n® t_m[h¬°-c-W-Øns‚
^etam Bbn-cp-
∂n-√.
2. Imew ]ptcm-K-an-°p-t¥mdpw ]e
coXn-bn¬ kwL-S-\m-]-chpw P\-ßfpsS
t_m[\ \ne-hm-chpw Db¿∂n-
´p-≠v. F∂m¬ {Kma-k-`-bnse P\-
]-m-fnØw Bi-m-P-\-I-amw-hn[w
Ipd-p-h-cp-∂p.
3. {Kma-k-`-bpsS ]cm-P-b-Øn\v Is≠-
Ønb F√m {]iv\-ßfpw ]cn-l-cn-
®m¬ t]mepw {Kma-k-`-bn¬ ]mfnØw
h¿≤n-°p-I-bn-√. ]t£ B
{]iv\-ß-sf√mw ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏-tS-
≠-h-bm-Wv. Kh¨sa‚ v, ]©m-b-Øv,
kwLm-S-\-hp-ambn _‘s∏-´-h¿
XpSßn AXmXp Xe-Øn¬ kzoIcn-t°≠
\S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzoI-cn®v Ch
]cn-l-cn-t°-≠Xv P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn
s‚bpw ]©m-bØv cmPn-s‚bpw \ne-
\n¬∏n\pw ]ptcm-K-Xn°pw AXym-hiy-am-Wv.
C°m-cy-Øn¬ H´pw Aew-
`mhw D≠m-I-cp-Xv.
4. [mcmfw t]¿ ]s-SpØ {Kma-k-`-
Iƒ t]mepw ^e-{]-Z-amb N¿®-I
ƒt°m, A¿∞-h-Ømb Xocp-am-\-
{Kma-k-`-bpsS ]cm-P-b-Øn\v
Is≠-Ønb F√m {]iv\ßfpw
]cn-l-cn-®m¬ t]mepw
{Kma-k-`-bn¬ ]m-fnØw
h¿≤n-°p-I-bn-√. ]t£ B
{]iv\-ß-sf√mw ]cn-l-cn-°s∏-tS-≠-h-bm-Wv.
Kh¨sa‚ v,
]©m-b-Øv, kwLm-S-\-hp-ambn
_‘s∏-´-h¿ XpSßn
AXmXp Xe-Øn¬
kzoI-cn-t°≠ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ
kzoI-cn®v Ch ]cn-l-cn-t°-
≠Xv P\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚bpw
]©m-bØv cmPn-s‚bpw \ne-
\n¬∏n\pw ]ptcm-K-Xn°pw
AXym-h-iy-am-Wv.
C°m-cy-Øn¬ H´pw
Aew-`mhw D≠m-I-cp-Xv.
߃ ssIs°m≈p-∂-Xnt\m {]tbm-
P-\-s∏-´n-√, shdpw NS-ßmbn am{Xw
\S∂p (H-‰-s∏´ Nne hnP-b-I-Y-Iƒ
D≠v. F∂m¬ Ah kmam\yh¬
°-cn-°m-hp-∂-h-b-√)
5. {Kma-k-`-Iƒ hnP-bn-°-W-sa-n¬
CtX-hsc \n¿t±-in-°-s∏´ X{¥ßƒ°p]cn
thsd X{¥-߃ Bhnjv°-cn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
X{¥-߃.
1. {Kma-k`m tbmK-ß-fn¬ ]©mbØp
{]kn-U‚p Xs∂ A≤y-£X
hln-°-Ww. {]kn-U‚ns‚ A`m-h-
Øn¬ a‰p-≈-hsc Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øm-
\p≈ hyhÿ \nb-a-Øn¬ \n∂p
\o°w sNø-Ww. (tI-cf ]©mbØv
cmPv BIvSv hIp∏v 3(5)). {]kn-
U‚n\v ]s-Sp-°m≥ Ign-bmsX
h∂m¬ B {Kma-k-`m-tbmKw am‰nh-bv°-Ww.
{]kn-U‚ns‚ ÿm\w
Hgn-hm-bn-cp-∂m¬ am{Xw B ÿm\w
hln-°p-∂-bmƒ A≤y£w hln-°mhp-∂-XmWv
F∂v t`Z-KXn sNø-Ww.
2. ]©m-bØv cmPv \nb-a-Ønse IΩ-
‰n-Iƒ kw_-‘n® N´-߃ ka-{K-
am-°-Ww. (]-©m-bØv cmPv {]h
¿Ø\ IΩ-‰n-I-fp-sSbpw tPmbn‚ v
IΩn-‰n-I-fp-sSbpw cq]o-I-c-Whpw
tbmK \S-]-Sn-{I-a-ß-fpw N´-߃
1995). Hmtcm hm¿Unepw {]k- -‡amb
taJ-e-Iƒ°v {]h¿ Ø\ IΩn-
‰n-Iƒ (Functional Committees- KPR
Act Section 163 k_v IΩn‰n-Ifpw
hm¿Up IΩ-‰n-Ifpw(-KPR Act Section-
164) F∂nh cq]o-I-cn-°Ww (ta-Je-Iƒ˛
Irjn, arK-kw-c-£Ww
XpSßn 3˛mw ]´n-I-bn¬ D≈ 18
taJ-e-Iƒ). {Kma-k`m kw_-‘n®
hyh-ÿ-I-fn¬ 3.-G (-_n) D]-h-Ip-
∏n¬ ]cm-a¿in-°p∂ s]mXp-hm-btXm,
{]tXy-I-am-btXm Bb IΩ-
‰n-Iƒ cq]o-I-cn-°pItbm \nb-an-°tbm,
sXc-s-Sp-°p-Itbm sNøm-
\p≈ {Kma-k-`-bpsS A[n-Imcw
th≠ coXn-bn¬ hn\n-tbm-Kn-°-Ww.
]©m-bØv kanXn C°m-cy-Øn\v
th≠n tbmKw tN¿∂v Hmtcm hm¿
Un-sebpw ÿnXn ]Tn®v AhnsS
k_vIΩn-‰n-Ifpw {]h¿Ø\ IΩn
‰nIfpw cq]oIcnt°≠ taJeI
sf°pdn®v Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°-Ww.
3. IΩn-‰n-Iƒ cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂Xv kw_-
‘n®v hni-Z-amb \S-]-Sn-{I-a-߃
Dƒs°m-≈n®psIm≠v ta¬∏-d
N´-߃ ]pXp-°-Ww.
(i) Hmtcm taJ-e-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-
´-h-cpsS s]mXp-tbmKw hm¿Up-
X-e-Øn¬ hnfn-®p-tN¿°p-I.
hm¿Up-sa-º¿ H∏n´ t\m´okp
hgn-bm-bn-cn-°Ww tbmKw hnfnt°-≠-Xv.
tbmK-Øn¬ hm¿Up-sa-
º¿am¿ A≤y£w hln-°-Ww.
(ii) {]kvXpX tbmK-Øn¬ AXXp
hnj-b-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Ãm
‚nwKv IΩn‰n sNb¿am-∑m¿, hIp-
∏p-tZym-K-ÿ¿ F∂n-h¿ AXymh-iy-ambn
]s-Sp-°-Ww. CXv
Ah-cpsS A\n-hmcy Npa-X-ebpw
hogvN-h-cp-Øn-bm¬ \S-]-Sn°v
hnt[-b-am-Ip∂ Ip‰hpw BI-Ø-
°-hn-[-Øn¬ N´-߃ I¿°-iam-°-Ww.
(iii) tbmK-Øn¬ B taJe A`n-ap-
Jo-I-cn-°p∂ {]iv\-߃, {]iv\߃°p≈
]cn-lm-c-߃ F∂n
h N¿® sNø-Ww. tbmK-Øn¬
lmP-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂-h¿ tðv
tlmƒU¿amcpw kmt-XnI ]cn-
⁄m-\-ap≈ DtZym-K-ÿcpw BIbm¬
N¿®-Iƒ \qdp iX-am\w
A¿∞-hØpw ^e-{]-Zhpw Bbncn-°pw.
(iv) N¿®-bn¬ Dcp-Øn-cn-bp∂ Imcyß-fn¬
]cn-l-cn-°-s∏-Sm-hp∂
{]iv\-߃°v apgp-h-\mbn t{]mP-
IvS-p-Ifpw Ah-bpsS ap≥K-W-\m-
{I-ahpw Xocp-am-\n-°-Ww. XpS¿
\S-]-Sn-Iƒ°mbn B taJ-e-bv°p
th≠n Hcp k_vI-Ωn‰n cq]oIcn-
°-Ww. Stakeholders am{X-am-bn-cn-
°Ww IΩ‰n AwK-߃. Cu
IΩn-‰n-bn¬ \nt∂m, IΩ‰nbpsS
Xm¬]cy {]Im-ctam hni-Z-amb
t{]mPIvSv FgpXn Xøm-dm-°m≥
th≠n Hcp {]h¿Ø-\-°-Ωn‰n
cq]o-I-cn-°-Ww. Cu IΩn-‰nbn¬
\n∂m-bn-cn-°Ww ]©m-b-Øns‚
h¿°nwKv {Kq∏ns‚ Cu hnj-b-
Øn-\p≈ D]-k-anXn cq]o-I-cn-t°-
≠-Xv. F√m hm¿Unepw \n∂p≈
kam\ {]h¿Ø\ IΩn-‰nIƒ
tbmKw tN¿∂m-bn-cn-°-Ww h¿
°nwKv {Kq∏n-te-°p≈ AwKßsf
\ma-\n¿t±iw sNtø-≠-Xv.
ta¬∏-d k_v IΩn-‰n-bm-bncn-°Ww
hm¿Unse Cu taJ-ebp-ambn
_‘-s∏´ tamWn-‰nwKv,
tkmjy¬ -Hm-Un‰v IΩn-‰n-Iƒ.
CXn\v _‘-s∏´ hIp∏p DtZym-
K-ÿs‚ ]m-fn-Øhpw kmt-
XnI D]-tZ-ihpw e`y-am-°-Ww.
(v) {Kma-k`m tbmK-Øn\v apºmbn
F√m taJ-e-Iƒ°p≈ k_vI-
Ωn-‰n-Ifpw {]h¿Ø\ IΩn-‰n-
Ifpw cq]o-I-cn®v AXXp taJ-e-
Iƒ°p≈ t{]mPIvSv \n¿t±-i߃
]q¿Øn-bm-°-Ww. IqSmsX
F√m k_vI-Ω‰nI-fp-sSbpw
I¨ho-\¿am¿, sk{I-´-dn-am¿
F∂n-h¿ tN¿∂p≈ Hcp hm¿Uv
IΩn‰n IqSn cq]o-I-cn-°-Ww.
hm¿Up IΩ‰n tbmKw tN¿∂v
hm¿Un-te-°p≈ samØw ]≤Xn
\n¿t±-i-߃ N¿® sNøp-Ibpw
GtIm-]n-∏n-°m-hp∂h GtIm-]n-
∏n-°pIbpw taJem \n¿t±-i߃
]men-®p-sIm≠v ap≥K-W\m
{Iaw Xocp-am-\n-°-Ww. hm¿Up-sa-
º-cpsS A≤y-£-X-bn-em-bn-cn-
°Ww hm¿Up IΩn‰n tbmKw
tNtc-≠-Xv.
(vi) Cßs\ cq]o-I-cn® hm¿Up
IΩ-‰n-bpsS ip]m¿ib\p-k-cn-
®m-bn-cn-°Ww {Kma-k`m tbmK-
Øns‚ ka-bw, Xob-Xn, ÿew
F∂nh Xocp-am-\n-t°-≠-Xv. {Kma-
k`m N´-߃ A{]-Imcw t`Z-
KXn sNø-Ww. hm¿Up-sa-º-tdmSv
Btem-Nn-®m-bn-cn-°Ww {Kma-k-
`m-tbm-K-Øns‚ AP-≠bpw
t\m´okpw Xøm-dm-t°-≠-Xv.
hm¿Up IΩ‰n cq]w sImSpØ
hnj-b-߃ AP≠bnep-≠m-bncn-°-Ww.
t\m´okv hm¿Up IΩ‰n
hgn hnX-cWw sNømw. hm¿Uv
IΩ‰n AwK-߃ k_vI-Ω-‰n-
Iƒ°pw k_vI-Ω‰n AwK-߃
AXXp hnj-b-Ønse F√m
tðvtlmƒtU-gvkn\pw t\m´o
kv hnX-cWw sNøpw. ]c-kyt_m¿Unepw
a‰p hn[-Ønepw
IqSn {Kma-k`m tbmK-Øn\v {]NmcWw
\¬I-Ww.
(vii) X߃ cq]w \¬Inb t{]mPIvSv
\n¿t±-i-߃ {Kma-k-`-bn¬ N¿®
sNøp-∂-Xn\pw, th≠n-h-∂m¬
thm´n-\n-Sp-tºmƒ ]mkm-Im≥
th≠ `qcn-]-£-Øn\pw Bh-iyamb
thm´¿amsc {Kma-k`m tbmK-
Øn¬ FØn-t°-≠Xv AXmXp
k_vI-Ω-‰n-I-fpsS Bh-iy-am-Ip-
∂p. {Kma-k`m tbmK-Øn¬ ]mfnØw
h¿≤n-∏n-°m≥ hm¿Up-sa-
º-tdm, a‰m-sc-n-eptam A≤zm-\nt°-≠-Xn-√.
(viii) tbmK-Xo-cp-am-\-߃ Nn´-bmbn
an\p´vkv sNbvXv tbmK-Øns‚
kam-]-\-Øn\v aptº hmbn®p
tIƒ∏n-°bpw sNø-Ww.
(ix) tbmK-Xo-cp-am-\-߃ FsX-nepw
\S-∏m-°m≥ Ign-bmsX h∂m¬
ASpØ tbmK-Øn¬ ]©m-bØv
{]kn-U‚ v AXn-\p≈ Imc-W߃
{Kma-k-`sb t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-
Ø-Ww. CXn-\p-th≠n ap≥ {Kmak`m
tbmK Xocp-am-\-߃
hmbn®p N¿® sNø-Ww.
(x) tbmK Xocp-am-\-ß-fpsS B£≥
tS°¨ dnt∏m¿´v hm¿Up saº¿
]©m-b-Øn¬ \n∂pw tiJ-cn®v
bYm-k-a-bØp AXXp k_vI-
Ω-‰n-Iƒ°v FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-°-
Ww. k_vI-Ω-‰n-Ifpw hm¿Up-sa-
ºdpw XΩn¬ \nc-¥c _‘w
]pe¿Ø-Ww.
(xi) Hmtcm taJ-e-bp-ambn _‘-s∏´v
k_vI-Ω-‰n-Iƒ Xøm-dm°n AwKo-
I-cn-°p∂ ]≤Xn \n¿t±-i-߃
Ãm≥UnwKv IΩ-‰nIfpsS tbmK-
Øns‚ AP-≠-bn¬s]SpØn
N¿® sNbvXv AwKo-Im-c-Øn-\mbn
]©-mbØv kan-Xn°v ip]m¿i
sNø-Ww. Ãm≥UnwKv IΩ‰n
N´-ß-fn¬ AXn\v ]cym-]vX-amb
t`Z-KXn hcp-Ø-Ww.
(xii) ]©m-bØpXe h¿°nwKv {Kq∏v
cq]o-I-c-W-Øn-\v, ]≤Xn Xømdm-°m-\p≈
am¿§-\n¿t±iw \¬
Im≥ Kh¨sa‚ v A∏-t∏mƒ
Xøm-dm-°p∂ FIvkn-Iyq-´ohv
Hm¿U-dp-Iƒ°v ]Icw hm¿Up-
X-e-Øn¬ hnhn[ taJ-e-Iƒ°v
cq]o-I-cn® {]h¿Ø\ IΩ-‰n-Ifn¬
\n∂v (Functional Committees)
AXXp taJeIƒ°m-h-iy-amb
AwK-ßsf Iq´n-t®¿Øv Ah
ÿmbn-bm°n ÿm]-\-h¬°-cn-
°-Ø-°hn-[-Øn¬ N´-߃ cq]o-
I-cn-°-Ww.
(xiii) ]©m-bØv cmPv BIvSnse 3˛mw
hIp-∏pw, Ãm‚nwKv IΩ‰n N´ßƒ,
{Kma-k-`m-N-´-߃, {]h¿
Ø-\- I-Ωn-‰n-I-fp-sSbpw tPm
bn‚ v IΩ-‰n-I-fp-sSbpw {]h¿
Ø\w kw_-‘n® N´-߃
F∂nh t`Z-KXn sNø-Ww.
C{]-Imcw sNøpI hgn ]m-fnØw
A¿∞-h-Øm-Ip-Ibpw P\m-[n-]-XysØ-bpw,
Bkq-{X-W-sØbpw Xmsg-
Ø-´n¬ FØn-°pIbpw {]tbm-P\{]Zamb
]≤-Xn-Iƒ Bhn-jvI-cn-°pIbpw
X¬∏-c-I-£n-I-fpsS (Stakeholders) kl-
I-c-W-tØm-sSbpw ]m-fn-Ø-tØm-sSbpw
Ah ^e-{]-Z-ambn \S-∏m-°p-I-bpw bYm
¿∞-amb tamWn-‰-dnwKpw, tkmjy¬
HmUn-‰pw {]h¿Øn ]Y-Øn¬ sIm≠ph-cn-Ibpw
AXp-hgn {Kma-Øn¬ kmº-
ØnI hnI-k-\hpw kmaq-ly-\o-Xnbpw
Dd-∏m-°p-I-bpw sNømw.
tamWn-‰-dnwKv, tkmjy¬ HmUn‰v
F∂nh Ct∏mgpw {Kma-k` t]mse ISem-kn¬
am{Xw \ne-\n¬°p∂ kwhn-
[m-\-ß-fm-sW-∂p-≈Xv ]I¬t]mse
hy‡-am-W-t√m. Cu cwK-ß-fn¬ Ign
]Øp h¿j-am-bn´pw Imcy-amb
]ptcm-KXn t\Sm≥ Ign-bm-ØXp Cu
Bi-b-߃ Xmsg-Ø-´n-tebv°v FØm
sX t]mb-Xn-\m-em-Wv. ta¬∏-d am‰ß-fn¬
IqSn kmaq-ly-\o-Xn, kmº-
ØnI hnI-k\w, tamWn-‰-dnw-Kv, tkm
jy¬ HmUn-‰v, P\-]-m-fnØw, {Kma-k`
F∂o cwK-ß-fn¬ Bim-h-l-amb am‰w
ssIh-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v {]Xo-£n-
°p-∂p.
(teJI≥
]©mbØv hIp∏n¬ \n∂pw hncan®
-sU-]yq´n Ub-d-IvSdmW)v-
�
1 6 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
1 7

tIcf kpÿnc \K-c- hn-I-k\ ]≤Xn
KSUDP
KERALA SUSTAINABLE
URBAN DEVELOPMENT
PROJECT
2001 se sk≥kkv {]Imcw
C¥y-bn¬ 27.8 iX-am\w P\-߃ Pohn-
°p-∂Xv \K-c-ß-fn-emWv. GXm≠v 286
Zi-e£w. kzmX-{¥ym-\-¥c Ime-L-´-
Øn¬ cmPysØ P\-kwJy aq∂p aSßmbn
h¿≤n-®-t∏mƒ AXn¬ \K-c-hmkn-I-fpsS
FÆw A©p-a-S-ßmbn. tNcn-
I-fp-tSbpw tNcn-hm-kn-Ifp-tSbpw FÆw
CXn-s\m∏w IpXn-®p-b¿∂p. 2001 se
IW°p {]Imcw 61.8 Zi-e£w t]¿
tNcn-I-fn¬ Pohn-°p∂p.
tIc-f-Øn¬ 25.97 iX-am\w t]¿ \Kc-Øn-emWv
Ign-bp-∂Xv. 1981 se sk≥
kkv {]Imcw CXv 18.74 iX-am-\-am-bncp∂p.
P\-kw-Jym-h¿≤-\-hn-s\m∏w
tNcn-I-fnse Xn°pw Xnc°pw Aku-Icy-ßfpw
h¿≤n-°pI km[m-cWw. tIcf-Øn¬
\K-c-hm-kn-I-fn¬ 18 iX-am\w
tNcn-I-fn-emWv Xmakw. \K-c-Ønse
Zmcn{Zyw {Kma-Øn-te-Xn-t\-°mƒ cq£amWv.
\K-c-Ønse sXmgn-en-√m-bva-bn-em-
Is´ tIcfw C¥y-bn¬ c≠mw ÿm\-
ØmWv (10 iX-am\w). CØcw At\Iw
{]iv\-߃ aqew ho¿∏p-ap-´p∂ \K-c-߃
P\-Pohn-X-Ønepw \K-c-`-c-W-Ønepw
Db¿Øp∂ sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ At\-I-amWv.
{][m\ {]iv\-߃
� ASn-ÿm\ kuI-cy-ß-fpsS
A `mhw
� ipNo-I-cW kwhn-[m-\-ß-fpsS
A]-cym-]vXX
� h¿≤n® sXmgn-en-√mbva
� s]cp-Ip∂ Zmcn{Zyw
Ch aqe-ap≈ {]iv\-ßfpw Aku-
I-cy-ßfpw \o°n \K-c-Po-hnXw kz—hpw
kpμ-c-hp-am-°m-\p≈ ]cn-{i-a-Øn\v
\mμn-Ip-dn-°p∂ ]≤-Xn-bmWv tIcf
kpÿnc \Kc hnI-k\ ]≤Xn.
]≤Xn \K-c-߃
kwÿm-\sØ A©p ap\nkn-∏¬
tIm¿∏-td-j-\p-I-fn-emWv ]≤Xn \S-∏m-
°p-∂Xv.
� Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw
� sIm√w
� sIm®n
� Xr»q¿
� tImgn-t°mSv
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw, sIm®n \K-c-k-`-
I-fn¬ tI{μm-hn-jvIrX ]≤-Xn-bmb
Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp tZiob \K-c-]p-
\-cp-≤m-cW anjs‚ {]h¿Ø-\-hp-ambn
kwtbm-Pn-∏n-®mWv ]≤Xn \S-∏m-°p-
∂Xv.
e£yw
NphsS tN¿°p∂ ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn-eqsS
\K-c-hm-kn-I-fpsS PohnX kuI-cy-߃
hn]p-eo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw bmX-\-Iƒ eLq-
I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bmWv ]≤-Xn-bpsS
apJy-e£yw.
� \ne-hn-ep≈ ASn-ÿm-\-ku-I-cyß-fpsS
hnI-k\w
� kpc-£n-X-amb IpSn-sh≈ kw`cWw,
hnX-cWw
� Jc, Pe amen-\y-ß-fpsS imkv {Xob
\n¿Ωm¿÷\w
� tdmUp-I-fpsS \ho-I-cWw
� \Kc Zmcn{Zy eLq-I-cWw
kao-]\w
kmaq-lnI ]m-fn-Ø-tØmsS Xt±i-`-cW
ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS Imcy-tijn,
]≤Xn \n¿h-lW tijn, tkh\ {]Zm\
tijn F∂nh h¿≤n-∏n-°p-I-bmWv ]≤-
Xn-bpsS s]mXp-k-ao-]\w.
LS-I-߃
1. ASn-ÿm\ kuI-cy-hn-I-k\w,
tkh-\-߃
\K-c-ß-fpsS hnI-k\ ka-ky-I-fn¬
apJyw ASn-ÿm\ kuI-cy-ß-fpsS A`mh-amWv.
kpÿn-c-amb hnI-k-\-Øn\v
A\p-tbm-Py-amb coXn-bn¬ ASn-ÿm\
kuI-cy-߃ h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v ]≤-Xnbn¬
650.39 tImSn cq] hI-bn-cp-Øn-bn-cn-
°p∂p.
2. ip≤-P-e-hn-X-cWw
IpSn-sh-≈-Øns‚ A`m-hhpw hnXc-W-Ønse
A]m-I-X-I-fp-amWv \K-c߃
A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ Hcp {][m\
{]iv\w. Ht´sd ]≤-Xn-Iƒ CXn-\mbn
\S-∏m-°n-bn-´p-s≠-nepw Aim-kv{Xo-bamb
kao-]\w aqew ]eXpw th≠{X
hnP-bn-®n-´n√. \ne-hn-ep≈ Pe-t{km-Xp-Iƒ
\ho-I-cn®pw ]pXn-bh Is≠-
Ønbpw {]iv\-Øn\v imiz-X-]-cn-lmcw
ImWm≥ 127.17 tImSn cq]-bpsS ]≤Xn
Bhn-jv°-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p. sIm√w,
sIm®n, Xr»q¿ \K-c-ß-fn-emWv Cu ]≤-
Xn-Iƒ \S-∏m-°pI.
]≤Xn hnlnXw H‰-t\m-´-Øn¬
- --
-
taJ-e-Iƒ Xncp-h-\ sIm√w sIm®n Xriq¿ tImgnt°mSv BsI iX-am\w
¥-]pcw-
Pe-tk-N\w ..... 40.05 41.94 45.18 .... 127.17 19.6%
kznh-tdPv &
km\n-t´-j≥
77.25 52.70 92.79 0.75 56.84 280.33 43.1%
tÃmw hm´¿
s{Ubn-t\Pv
6.30 8.03 13.76 27.41 28.14 83.64 12.9%
Jc-am-en\y
kwkv°-cWw
.... 6.90 12.96 5.74 7.34 32.94 5.0%
tdmUv
hnI-k\w
24.09 15.31 23.56 28.61 34.74 126.31 19.4%
BsI 107.64 122.99 185.01 107.69 127.06 650.39 100.0%
P\-s∏-cp-∏hpw h¿≤n®
hml-\-km-{μ-Xbpw sIm≠v
ho¿∏p-ap-´p-I-bmWv \K-c-
Ønse tdmUp-Iƒ.
CXp hcp-Øn-h-bv°p∂
[\-hybw, kab \jvSw,
D¬]m-Z\ \jvSw F∂nh
IW-°m-°pI Akm≤yw.
Cu {]iv\w ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂-
Xn\v Hcp {Xnam\ {]h¿Ø\w
]≤-Xn-bn¬ hn`m-h\w
sNøp∂p.
3. aen-\-Pe \n¿K-a\w, ipNo-I-cWw
]cn-ÿn-Xn-°-\p-tbm-Py-amb coXnbn¬
aen-\-Pe \n¿K-a\w kpK-a-am-°p-
∂-Xn\pw ipNnXzw Dd-∏m-°p-∂-Xn\pw
Kth-j-W-߃, k¿tΔ-Iƒ F∂nh hgn
]pXnb ]cn-lm-c-am¿§-߃ Is≠Øn
s]mXp-P-\-]-m-fn-Ø-tØmsS \S-∏m-
°m≥ ]≤Xn hn`m-h\w sNøp∂p.
kwÿm-\sØ F√m ap\n-kn-∏¬
tIm¿∏-td-j-\p-I-fnepw \S-∏m-°p∂ Cu
]≤-Xn°v 280.33 tImSn cq] hI-bn-cp-
Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p.
4. {]Ir-Xn-t£m-`w-aq-e-ap-≠m-Ip∂
A[nI Pe-Øns‚ \n¿K-a\w
Hcp sNdnb ag-bn¬t∏mepw sh≈-
Øn¬ apßn-t∏m-Ip∂ Ah-ÿ-bmWv
C∂v \K-c-ßfn¬ ImWp-∂Xv. \ne-hnep≈
Agp-°p-Nm-ep-Iƒ \ho-I-cn®pw
]pXn-bh \n¿Ωn®pw imkv{Xob kao-]-
\-Øn-eqsS CXn\v ]cn-lmcw ImWm≥
83.64 tImSn cq]-bpsS ]≤-Xn-Iƒ \S-
∏m-°p-∂-XmWv.
5. Jc-am-en\y \n¿Ωm¿÷\w
Jc-am-en-\y-߃ Db¿Øp∂ ]cnÿnXn
\miw Cs∂mcp BtKm-f-{]-iv\amWv.
tIc-f-Ønse aq∂p tIm¿∏-td-j-
\p-I-fn¬ Cu ]≤-Xn-bn-epƒs∏-Sp-Ønbpw
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw, sIm®n \K-c-ß-fn¬
Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp tZiob \Kc ]p\cp-≤m-cW
anjs‚ `mK-ambpw Cu {]iv\-
Øn\v kpÿn-c-amb ]cn-lmcw ImWm-
\p≈ ]cn-{iaw Bcw-`n®p Ignp.
\mep \K-c-ß-fn-te°v 32.94 tImSn cq]
CXn-\mbn sI.Fkv.bp.Un.]n.bn¬ hIbn-cp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p.
\mep-L-´-ß-fm-bp≈ {]h¿Ø-\߃
CXn\v A\n-hm-cy-amWv..
� hoSp-Iƒ, N¥-Iƒ, hym]m-c-ÿm-]-
\-߃, CX-c-ÿm-]-\-߃, Iim∏p
ime-Iƒ F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ \n∂v
]mgvhkvXp-°ƒ tiJ-cn-°pI.
� ssPh˛AssPh hkvXp-°sf
(]p\-cp-]-tbm-K-tbm-Kyhpw A√m-
Ø-hbpw) Xcw-Xn-cn-°pI.
� Xcw-Xn-cn® amen-\y-ßsf CS-Ømh-f-ß-fn¬
kw`-cn-°pI.
� kwkv°-c-W-im-e-I-fn-se-Øn®v
Ahsb ssPh-hfw, ssPh-hm-XIw,
aÆn-c-hfw F∂n-ßs\ ]e cq]-
Øn¬ kwkv°-cn-s®-Sp-°pI.
1 8 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
1 9

tIcf kpÿnc \KchnIk\ ]≤XnbpsS Hmdnbt‚j≥ t{]m{Kmw Xt±ikzbw`cW hIp∏p a{¥n ]mtemfn aplΩZvIp´n Xncph\¥]pcØv
DZvvLmS\w sNøp∂p. ]ªnIv dntej≥kv hIp∏v {]n≥kn∏¬ sk{I´dn joem tXmakv, UbdIvS¿ ]n. thWptKm]m¬ XpSßnbh¿ kao]w.
Zcn{Z IpSpw-_-ß-fnse sXmgn¬c-ln-
X-cmb h\n-X-Iƒ°v sXmgn-e-h-k-c-ap-
≠m-°pI F∂ e£yw IqSn ap∂n¬ I≠v
s]mXp-P\]m-fn-Ø-tØmsS IrXyamb
Hcp amÿ πm≥ Xøm-dm°n Cu
]≤Xn \S-∏m-°p-I-bmWv e£yw.
1. tdmUp-Iƒ
P\-s∏-cp-∏hpw h¿≤n® hml-\-km-
{μ-Xbpw sIm≠v ho¿∏p-ap-´p-I-bmWv
\K-c-Ønse tdmUp-Iƒ. CXp hcp-Ønh-bv°p∂
[\-hybw, kab \jvSw,
D¬]m-Z\ \jvSw F∂nh IW-°m-
°pI Akm≤yw. Cu {]iv\w ]cn-lcn-°p-∂-Xn\v
Hcp {Xnam\ {]h¿Ø\w
]≤-Xn-bn¬ hn`m-h\w sNøp∂p.
� CSp-ßnb tdmUp-Ifpw Ih-e-Ifpw
\ho-I-cn®v hn]p-eo-I-cn-°pI.
� imkv{Xob k¿tΔ-I-fn-eqsS ]pXnb
tdmUp-I-fpsS πm≥ Xøm-dm-°pI.
� cmPym-¥c \ne-hm-c-ap≈ tdmUp-Iƒ
\n¿Ωn-°pI.
Ch-bv°mbn 126.31 tImSn cq] hIbn-cp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p.
2. kmaq-lnI hnI-k\w
\K-c-Ønse kmaq-lnI ]cn-jv°-c-
W-Øn\v ]≤-Xn-bn¬ 48 tImSn cq]bpw
Zmcn{Zy eLq-I-c-W-Øn\v 56.25 tIm
Snbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p.
{XnapJ ]cn-]m-Sn-bmWv CXn-\mbn Bhnjv°-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv.
� tNcn ]cn-jv°-cWw, ASn-ÿm\
kuI-cy-hn-I-k\w
� Zmcn-{Zy-e-Lq-I-cWw
� kv{Xoim-‡o-I-cWw
c≠v {]tXyI ^≠p-Iƒ CXn-\mbn
tIm¿∏-td-j≥
Xe-Øn-ep≈ ]≤Xn \n¿hlW
bqWn-‰ns‚ ta¬t\m´w
AXXv tIm¿∏-td-j≥
Iu¨kn-en-\mWv. tIm¿∏-tdj≥
sk{I-´-dn-bpsS Iogn¬
Hcp t{]mPIvSv amt\-Pcpw
kmt-XnI hnZ-Kv≤cpw
Dƒs∏-Sp∂ Hcp Sow ]≤Xn
\n¿h-lW bqWn-‰n¬
D≠m-bn-cn°pw.
{Iao-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p.
IΩyq-Wn‰n C≥{^m-kv{S-IvN¿ ^≠v (CIF)
{]h¿Ø-\-߃
� tNcn hnI-k\w ˛ IpSn-sh≈ hnXcWw,
tdmUv hn]p-eo-I-cWw, sXcphp-hn-f-°p-Iƒ
ÿm]n-°¬, Agp-
°p-Nm-ep-I-fpsS \ho-I-cWw/\n¿
ΩmWw. IΩyq-Wn‰n lmƒ \n¿
ΩmWw, tU sIb¿ sk‚¿ ÿm]n-
°¬. agsh≈ kw`cWw t{]m
’mln∏n°¬.
� BtcmKyw, hnZym-`ymkw ˛ Btcm-
Ky-tI-{μ-ß-fpsS \ho-I-cWw/\n¿
ΩmWw, _me-`-h-\p-Iƒ/AwK≥
hm-Sn-Iƒ A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Sp-ج.
� t_m[-h¬°-cWw ˛ ]cn-io-e\w
˛ hnI-k-\m-h-iy-߃ Is≠-Øp-
∂-Xn-\p≈ t_m[ \hoI-cW {]h
¿Ø-\-߃, P\-]-m-fnØw Dd-∏ph-cp-ج,
kv{Xo im‡o-I-cWw,
BtcmKy kwc-£W ]cn-io-e\w,
hnZym-`ymkw sa®-s∏-Sp-ج.
t]mh¿´n tkmjy¬ ^≠v
{]h¿Ø\w
� Zmcn-{Zy-e-Lq-I-c-W-Øn-\p≈ hcpam-
\-Zm-bI ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ
� Zcn-{Z-Ip-Spw-_-ß-fnse bph-Xo-bphm-°ƒ°v
hnZKv[/Ahn-ZKv[
sXmgn-ep-I-fn¬ ]cn-io-e\w, {]tNm-
Z\w, t{]m’m-l\w
� sNdp-InS sXmgn¬ kwcw-`-߃°v
kmt-XnI klmbw
� D¬]-∂-߃ hn‰-gn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈
hn]-W\ kwhn-[m\w
� P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ, kmaq-ln-Im-[njvTnX
kwL-S-\m-kw-hn-[m-\-
Ønse {]h¿Ø-I¿ F∂n-h-cpsS
Imcy-tijn hnI-k-\-Øn-\p≈ ]cnio-e\
]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ
3. \Kc Xt±-i-`-cW ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS
ASn-ÿm\ kuI-cy-hn-I-k\w
P\-tk-h\w Imcy-£-a-am-°p-∂-Xn\v
\K-c-X-t±-i-`-cW ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS ASnÿm\
kuI-cy-ßfpw Imcy-ti-jnbpw
Imem-\p-kr-X-ambn h¿[n-∏n-t°-≠-Xp≠v.
CXn-\mbn tIcf {]mtZ-inI k¿°m¿
hnI-k\ ^≠v cq]-h¬°-cn-°p-∂-XmWv.
kwÿm-\sØ 53 ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-Ifn¬
CXns‚ {]tbm-P\w e`n°pw.
4. Imcy-tijn hnI-k\w, ]≤Xn
]cn-]m-e\w
\K-c-`-cWw Imcy-£-a-am-°p-∂-Xn\v
P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ°pw Poh-\-°m¿°pw
klm-bI kwhn-[m-\-ß-fnse {]h¿Ø-
I¿°pw hn]p-e-amb ]cn-io-e\ ˛ t_m[\
{]h¿Ø-\-߃ CXns‚ `mK-ambn \S-
∏m°pw.
{][m\ ]cn-io-e\ taJ-e-Iƒ
� ]≤Xn cq]o-I-cWw
� ]≤Xn \n¿h-l\w
� tamWn-‰-dnwKv, hne-bn-cp-ج
� A°u-≠nwKv k{º-Zmbw ]cn-jv°cn-°¬
� kpXm-cyX
� ]uc-]-m-fnØw / ]n¥pW h¿[n-
∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ
\n¿h-lW kwhn-[m-\w
\b-Xo-cp-am\w, ]≤Xn cq]o-I-cWw,
\n¿h-lWw, tamWn-´-dnwKv F∂n-h-bv
°mbn kwÿm-\-X-e-Ønepw \K-c-k-
`m-X-e-Ønepw hyXykvX IΩn-‰n-Iƒ
cq]o-I-cn-®n-´p≠v.
1. Fw]-th¿Uv IΩn‰n
Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-c-W-h-Ip-∏p-a{¥n
sNb¿am-\mb Cu D∂-Xm-[n-Imc kan-
Xn-bn¬ 15 AwK-ß-fp≠v.
Npa-X-e-Iƒ
\K-c-k-`-Iƒ°p-th≠n Xøm-dm-°p∂
hnhn[ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ°v AwKo-Imcw \¬
IpI, I¨kƒ´‚p-amsc \n›-bn-°pI,
t{]mPIvSv amt\-Pvsa‚ v bqWn-‰ns‚
ip]m¿i A\p-k-cn®v hnhn[ tPmen-IfpsS
Icmdpw I¨kƒ´≥knbpw A\ph-Zn-°pI.
sI.Fkv.bp.Un.]n. ]≤-Xn-IfpsS
hm¿jnI Ah-tem-I\w, t{]mPIvSv
amt\-Pvsa‚ v bqWn-‰nepw t{]mPIvSv \n¿hlW
bqWn-‰n-ep-ap-ff \nb-a-\-߃, Ãm≥
tU¿Uv _nÕnwKv tUmIyp-sa‚ v AwKo-
I-cn-°pI, a‰v D]-k-an-Xn-Iƒ cq]o-I-cn-°pI,
]≤Xn tamWn-´-dnwKv.
2. tIm¿Un-t\-j≥ IΩn‰n
t{]mP-IvSp-I-fpsS kwtbm-P\w, hnebn-cp-ج,
I¨kƒ´‚p-am-cp-am-bp≈
Bib hn\n-abw F∂n-h-bv°mbn Hcp
tIm¿Un-t\-j≥ IΩn‰n cq]-h¬°-cn-
®n-´p≠v.
3. kn‰n seh¬ Ãnb-dnwKv IΩn‰n
tIm¿∏-td-j≥ Xe-Øn-emWv Cu
IΩn‰n {]h¿Øn-°pI. AXXv tIm¿∏-
td-j-\p-I-fnse ]≤Xn {]h¿Ø\w hnebn-cp-ØpI,
]≤Xn \n¿h-lW bqWn-
‰n\p th≠ \n¿t±-i-߃ \evIpI F∂nh-bmWv
Cu IΩn-‰n-bpsS {][m\ Npa-
X-e-Iƒ.
]≤Xn amt\-Pvsa‚ v bqWn‰v
kwÿm-\-X-e-Øn¬ ]≤-Xn-bpsS
\n¿h-l-W-Øn\v t\XrXzw \¬Ip-∂-Xn-
\p≈ DtZym-Kÿ kwhn-[m-\-amWv
t{]mPIvSv amt\-P-sa‚ v bqWn‰v. (PMU)
Hcp t{]mPIvSv Ub-d-IvSdpw AXXv
hnj-b-ß-fnse kmt-XnI hnZ-Kv≤cpw
Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-XmWv t{]mPIvSv amt\-Pvsa‚ v
bqWn‰v.
t{]mPIvSv amt\-Pvsa‚ v bqWn-
‰ns‚ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-߃
1. kmt-XnI klmb bqWn-‰n-s\bpw
c≠v Unssk≥ & kq∏¿ssh-kdn
I¨kƒ´≥kn-s\bpw \nb-an-°pI.
2. t{]mPIvSv \n¿h-lW bqWn‰v Xømdm-°p∂
\nt£] LS-I-ß-fpsS
Unssk≥ AwKo-I-cn-°pI
3. ]≤-Xn-Ifpw D]-]-≤-Xn-Ifpw Xncs-Sp-°p-Ibpw
am¿§-\n¿t±-i-߃
\¬Ip-Ibpw sNøpI
4. Icm-dp-Imsc Xnc-s-Sp-°pI
5. Ãm≥tU¿Uv _nUv tUmIyp-sa‚ v
Xøm-dm-°pI
6. sS≠-dnwKv tamWn-´¿ sNøpI
7.D]-I-c-W-ßfpw tkh-\-ßfpw
kw`-cn-°pI
8. kwÿm\ Xe-Øn¬ F√m {]h¿
Ø-\-ß-sfbpw GtIm-]n-∏n-°pI
9. ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS Imcy-tijn h¿≤-
\-hn\pw KpW-\n-e-hm-c-Øn\pw th≠nbp≈
]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ \S-∏n-em-°pI
10.tUmIyp-sa-t‚-j≥
]≤Xn \n¿h-lW bqWn‰v
]≤Xn \S-∏n-em-°p-∂-Xns‚ ta¬
t\m´w hln-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Npa-Xe
AXXv Xt±-i-ÿm-]-\-ß-fn¬ cq]o-Ir-
X-am-bn-´p≈ ]≤Xn \n¿h-lW bqWn-
‰p-Iƒ°mWv.
tIm¿∏-td-j≥ Xe-Øn-ep≈ ]≤Xn
\n¿h-lW bqWn-‰ns‚ ta¬t\m´w
AXXv tIm¿∏-td-j≥ Iu¨kn-en-\mWv.
tIm¿∏-td-j≥ sk{I-´-dn-bpsS Iogn¬
Hcp t{]mPIvSv amt\-Pcpw kmt-XnI
hnZ-Kv≤cpw Dƒs∏-Sp∂ Hcp Sow ]≤Xn
\n¿h-lW bqWn-‰n¬ D≠m-bn-cn°pw.
t{]mPIvSv \n¿h-lW bqWn-‰ns‚
Npa-X-e-Iƒ
1. \S-∏m-t°≠ ]≤-Xn-I-fpsS
k¿sΔ \S-ØpI, FÃn-ta‰pw
πm\pw Xøm-dm-°pI
2. Icm-dp-Im-cpsS \nb-a\w sS≠-dnwKv
F∂n-h-bn¬ th≠ ip]m¿i-Iƒ
\evIpI
3. Icm¿ tPmen-Iƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-ØpI,
^≠v \¬IpI
4. ip≤-Pe hnX-cW ]≤-Xn-bp-ambn
_‘-s∏´ sS≠¿ sNøp-∂-Xn\v
apºv tIcf hm´¿ AtXm-dn-‰n-bn¬
\n∂pw \ncm-t£] k¿´n-^n-°‰v
(NOC) hmßpI.
5. AXXv tIm¿∏-td-j-\p-I-fn¬ \S-
∏n-em-°p∂ ASn-ÿm\ kmaq
lnI hnI-k\ ]≤-Xn-I-fp-ambn
_‘-s∏´ F©n-\o-b-dnwKv, kw`cWw,
ta¬t\m´w, KpW-\n-e-hmcw
apX-em-b-h-bpsS ta¬t\m´w, [\-
Imcyw \n¿h-ln-°pI.
kpÿnc \Kc hnI-k\ ]≤-Xn-bpsS
Iogn¬ hcp∂ hnhn[ LS-I-ßfpw Ah
bv°p hI-bn-cp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂ XpIbpw
NphsS tN¿°p∂p.
1. ASn-ÿm\kuIcyhn`hw -˛ 650.39 tImSn cq]
2. {]mtZ-inIk¿°m¿ hnI-k\^≠v ˛ 243.58 tImSn cq]
3. \nIp-Xnbpw a‰n-\-ßfpw ˛ 210.42 tImSn cq]
4. C‚-dÃv ˛ 131.67 tImSn cq]
5. Zmcn-{Zy-\n¿Ωm¿÷\w ˛ 101.25 tImSn cq]
6. tZiob ˛ {]tZ-inI I¨kƒ´≥kv ˛ 47.80 tImSn cq]
7. Kth-jWw,]cn-io-e\w,`cW \n¿h-lWw ˛ 23.47 tImSn cq]
8. kmt-XnI klmbw ˛ 5.20 tImSn cq]
9. `qan Gs‰-Sp-°¬ ˛ 6.53 tImSn cq]
BsI ˛ 1420.30 tImSn cq]
tI{μ ˛ tIcf k¿°m¿ Bhn-jvIrX ]≤-Xn-I-fpsS kwtbm-P\w, ]≤-Xnhn-lnXw
Gjy≥ hnI-k\ _mns‚ [\-k-lmbw F∂n-h-tbm-sS-bmWv Cu
]≤Xn \S-∏m-°p-∂Xv. (IS∏mSv : sI.Fkv.bp.Un.]n)
2 0 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
2 1

IpSpw_{io Zihm¿jnIw
]pXnb Im¬hbv∏pambn ....
B¿. ]m¿ΔXo tZhn
kv{Xoim‡oIcWhpw Zmcn{Zy
\n¿Ωm¿÷\hpw ap≥\n¿Øn kwÿm\
k¿°m¿ 1998 ¬ Bcw`n® IpSpw_{io
hnPbIcamb Hcp ZiIw ]q¿Ønbm°n.
36 e£w kv{XoIƒ AwKßfmb Icp
Øp‰ {]ÿm\ambn amdnb IpSpw_{io
AXns‚ {]k‡nbpw {]m[m\yhpw
hy‡am°p∂ hn[ØnemWv hm¿jnI
]cn]mSnIƒ kwLSn∏n®Xv. sabv 20
\v tImgnt°m´v tIm¿∏tdj≥ tÃUnb
Øn¬ 35,000 kv{XoIƒ HØpIqSnb alm
kwKaw Xt±ikzbw`cW hIp∏p a{¥n
]mtemfn aplΩZv Ip´n DXvLmS\w
sNbvXp.
`q]cnjvIcWw apX¬ P\Iobmkq
{XWwhscbp≈ alØmb `cW \S
]SnIƒ°v XpS°w Ipdn® tIcfØns‚
as‰mcp kw`mh\bmWv IpSpw_{io
sb∂v a{¥n Nq≠n°m´n. Cu {]ÿm\
Øns\ kwc£nt°≠ NpaXe F√m
tIcfobcptSbpw ISabmsW∂v
]mtemfn aplΩZvIp´n Hm¿Ωn∏n®p.
kv{XoIfpsS eLpkºmZy ]≤XnbpsS
km[yXIƒ a\ nem°n Cu cwKØv
\pgpIbdm≥ ]e ÿm]nXXm¬
∏cy°mcpw {ian°p∂p≠v. CØcw
hn`mKobi‡nIƒ°p hfcm\p≈
kmlNcyw tI{μk¿°mcns‚ ]pØ≥
kmºØnI\bw Hcp°ns°mSp°p∂p.
CXns\Xnsc Hmtcm IpSpw_{io AwK
hpw Pm{KX ]men°Wsa∂pw s]mXp
Iq´mbvabv°v XS amIp∂ CØcw
hn`mKob i‡nIsf {]Xntcm[n°W
sa∂pw ]mtemfn aplΩZv Ip´n A`y¿
∞n®p.
Zihm¿jnImtLmjØns‚ G‰hpw
{][m\ ]cn]mSn hn]peamb kv{Xo
i‡n kwKaw Bbncp∂p. tIcfØn
\IØpw ]pdØpw hyXykvXtaJ
eIfn¬ XßfpsS hy‡nap{Z ]Xn∏n®
30˛Hmfw h\nXIƒ kwKaØn¬ ]s
SpØp. thZnbpsS Ccphihpw LSn∏n
®ncp∂ ]m\¬ Xncn®psIm≠v IpSpw
_{io temtKm A\mhcWw sNbvXXv
Cu 30 kv{XoIfpw kwbp‡ambmWv.
IpSpw_{iobpsS hyXykvX sXmgn¬
kwcw`߃ \SØp∂h¿°p ]pdta
kpKXIpamcn, sP. efnXmw_nI, Sn. tZhn,
]n.Sn. Dj, ]tae A∂Ω amXyp, \o\
{]kmZv, \neºq¿ sFj, tNet°mS≥
sFj, Xangv\m´nse ae¿ F∂ {]
ÿm\Øns‚ t\Xm°fmb Pnt\m,
Iaem_mbn, B\μn F∂ k∂≤
2 2 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
2 3

lcn-bm\
v
v
-
k\Øn\v kwtbmPnX kao]\w F∂
hnjbsØ°pdn®v inev]ime kwL
Sn∏n®p. ]©mbØv {]knU‚pamcpw
\Kck`m A[nIrXcpw kn.Un.Fkv
{]Xn\n[nIfpw Dƒs∏sS Aqdp t]
cmWv inev]imebn¬ {]Xn\n[nIfmbn
D≠mbncp∂Xv. Xt±ikzbw`cWhIp∏v
{]n≥kn∏¬ sk{I´dn Fkv.Fw. hnPbm
\μv, IpSpw_{io FIvknIyq´ohv UbdIv
S¿ imcZm apcfo[c≥, Xt±ikzbw`cW
a{¥nbpsS ss{]h‰v sk{I´dn s{]m^.
]n.sI. cho{μ≥, IpSpw_{io UbdIv
S¿ (F&F^v) sI.‰n. IpnaplΩZv,
t{]m{Kmw Hm^ok¿amcmb Fkv.
{ioIWvT≥\mb¿, Fkv.taml\≥, F≥.
PKPoh≥, sI.IrjvWIpam¿ XpSßnb
Hu´vep°v km]vXmlnIv amknIbpsS 2008 G{]n¬ 22˛28
]Xn∏n¬ `mjmknßns‚ +®…fii… ®…Δl…x… F∂ teJ\Øns‚
aebmf hnh¿Ø\w XpS¿®.
(hnh¿Ø\w : tUm. Fw.-F-kv. cm[m-Ir-jvW-]n≈)
h¿ inev]imebv°v t\XrXzw \¬In.
IqSmsX IpSpw_{io cq]oIcWZn\
amb sabv 17\v F√m Ab¬°q´ß
fnepw ^ehr£ ssX \´p ]nSn∏n®p.
£a-bpsS AXncp IS°p∂p
IpSpw_{io ]Ømw hm¿jnI kph\o¿ \_m¿Uv No^v P\d¬ amt\P¿ `h¿]pcn°v
\¬Ins°m≠v sI.sI. eXnI Fw.F¬.F {]Imi\w sNøp∂p.
kwLS\bpsS {]Xn\n[n tkP¬ Um
≥Uv XpSßnbh¿ kv{Xoi‡n kwKa
Øn¬ ]sSpØp.
tImgnt°mSv tab¿ Fw. `mkvIc≥
A[y£\mbncp∂ tbmKØn¬ kv{Xo
]Zhn ]T\ ]≤Xn kXotZhn Fw.]n.
DXvLmS\w sNbXp. hn.sI.kn.bpambn
t®¿∂v ]mZc£IfpsS ta¬`mKw \n¿
Ωn°p∂ ka{K ]≤Xn F. {]Zo]v Ipam¿
Fw.F¬.F. DXvLmS\w sNbvXp.
hn.sI.kn aΩZvtImb Icm¿ ]{Xw
\¬In. ]Ømw hm¿jnI kph\o¿
\_m¿Uv No^v P\d¬ amt\P¿ `h¿
]pcn°v \¬Ins°m≠v sI.sI. eXnI
Fw.F¬.F {]Imi\w \n¿Δln®p.
]n.Fw.F. kemw Fw.F¬. F D]lm
c߃ \¬In IpSpw_{iosb G‰hpw
A[nIw klmbn® _mpIsf BZ kv{Xoim‡oIcWw,
cn®p. IΩyqWn‰n am¿°‰nwKv irwJe kmaqlyim‡oIcWw,
tImgnt°mSv Pn√m ]©mbØv {]kn kmºØnI im‡oIcWw
U‚ sI.]n.IpΩZv amkv‰¿ DZvLm
S\w sNbvXp. {Kma]©mbØv {]knU F∂o aq∂v ASnÿm\
‚ vkv Atkmkntbj≥ {]knU‚ e£y߃
sI.\mcmbW≥ BiwkIƒ t\¿∂p.
IpSpw_{io KthWnwKv t_mUn AwK km£mXv°cn°p∂Xn\v
ßfmb t__n _meIrjvW≥, _o\m IqSpX¬ A¿∞]q¿Æhpw
kÆn, Fw.e£van, kpss_Z Ckvlm°v
F∂nhcpw ]sSpØp.
^e{]Zhpamb ]cn]mSnIfpw
Pn√bn¬ hnhn[ tI{μßfn¬ Ah ]≤XnIfpamWv IpSpw_{io
Xcn∏n® IpSpw_{io IemPmYbpsS hcpwImeL´Øn¬
AhXcWhpw {it≤bambn.
BhnjvIcn®v \S∏m°phm≥
19 \v tImgnt°mSv SmtKm¿ sk‚n
\dn lmfn¬ sXmgn¬ kwcw` hnI Xocpam\n®ncn°p∂Xv.
CXns‚ kwÿm\Xe DZvLmS\w
h\w a{¥n _nt\mbv hnizw Xncph\¥
]pcØv \n¿hln®p.
Ign Hcpamkambn Ab¬°q´
Xew apX¬ hyXykvX ]cn]mSnIƒ
hm¿jnImtLmjØns‚ `mKambn \S
∂phcnIbmWv. amen\yap‡tIcfw,
kq£vakºmZyw, ]®°dnIrjn F∂o
aq∂p hnjb߃ {][m\ambns´SpØv
N¿®Ifpw skan\mdpIfpw \S∂p.
IqSmsX t]mÿ {]Z¿i\߃, IpSpw
_kwKa߃, Iem˛ImbnI a’c
߃, _mtem¬kh߃ F∂nhbpw
Ab¬°q´˛F.Un.Fkv˛kn.Un.Fkv
XeØn¬ \S∂p.
CØcØn¬ tIcfØns‚ `mhn
{]h¿Ø\ßfnse kPoh ]mfnbm
Im≥ DXIp∂ ]cn]mSnIƒ°mWv
IpSpw_{io ]Ømw hm¿jnIØn¬
XpS°w Ipdn®Xv. Im¿jnI, DXv]mZ\,
hnIk\ taJeIfn¬ \ne\n¬°p∂
{]iv\߃ a\ nem°m\pw Ahbv°p
t]mwhgnIƒ Is≠Øm\pw D≈ Zo¿
LIme/{lkzIme ]cn]mSnIƒ°v
IpSpw_{io cq]w \¬Inbncn°p∂p.
kv{Xoim‡oIcWw, kmaqlyim‡o
IcWw, kmºØnI im‡oIcWw
F∂o aq∂v ASnÿm\ e£y߃
km£mXv°cn°p∂Xn\v IqSpX¬
A¿∞]q¿Æhpw ^e{]Zhpamb ]cn
]mSnIfpw ]≤XnIfpamWv IpSpw_{io
hcpw ImeL´Øn¬ BhnjvIcn®v
\S∏m°phm≥ Xocpam\n®ncn°p∂Xv.
(teJnI IpSpw_{io Zmcn{Zy
\n¿Ωm¿÷\ anj\n¬
]ªnIv dntej≥kv B^okdmWv)
�
`c-W-]-c-amb \nkw-K-Xbn¬ kln-sI´ h\nXm k¿]©v cmPn-hbv°phm≥ hsc Xøm¿
lcn-bm-\-bnse tahmXv {]tZ-isØ \owtJU {Kma-]-©m-bØv hm¿Ø-Ifn¬ \ndp \nev°p-∂p. Ipd--]£w c≠m-bn-cØn aq∂nse ]©mbØp
sXc-s-Sp-∏n-\ptijw Cu ap…ow `qcn-]-£{]tZiw, lcn-bm-\-bnse aÆn¬ CZw-{]-Y-a-ambn ]©m-b-Øp-t\-Xr-Xz-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ DØ-c-hm-
Zn-Xzhpw kv{XoIƒ°p \evI-nsIm≠v Ncn{Xw krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. \ow tJU (lcn-bm-\) kμ¿i-\Øn\p-tijw `mjm-knwKv Xøm-dm-°nbXv.
‘R߃ hnNm-cn-®Xv Ign A≥ hm≥ Xøm-d-√’˛ B o\n, saº¿ ˛ IqSp-X¬ hø. CXn-\√ R߃ sXc-
]Xp h¿j-߃sIm≠v ]pcp-j-∑m¿°v ‘Ct∏mƒ R߃ k¿°m¿ A[n-Ims-Sp°s∏´-Xv. lcn-bm-\-bnse tahmXv
sNøm≥ Ign-bm-Xn-cp-∂Xv H∂p c≠p cn-Iƒ h∂mtem As√-n¬ henb {]tZ-isØ \owtJU {Kma-]-©m-bØv
h¿jw sIm≠v R߃°v sNøm≥ Ign- henb t\Xm-°-∑m¿ h∂mtem Cu D∏p hm¿Ø-Ifn¬ \ndp \nev°p-∂p. Ipdbp-sa-∂m-Wv.
e£w XhW {ian-®p-sh- Ie¿∂ Hmcp sh≈-amWv Kvfm n¬ -]£w c≠m-bn-cØnaq∂nse ]©m-
nepw R߃°v Rß-fpsS {KmaØn- IpSn-°m≥ sImSp-°p-∂-Xv. \n߃°pbØp sXc-s-Sp-∏n-\ptijw Cu
\p-th≠n H∂pw sN-øm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. th≠n Ct∏mƒ hb-ense ]Wn Dt]- ap…ow `qcn-]-£{]tZiw, lcn-bm-\-bnse
sh≈-Øn\p th≠n Poh≥ Ifp. £n®v HØp-Iq-Sn-b-Xp-t]mse Ch¿ hcp- aÆn¬ CZw-{]-Y-a-ambn ]©m-b-Øp -t\-
Ct∏mƒ A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv F√mtºmƒ Ch¿°p th≠n R߃ hcm-dn-√. Xr-Xz-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xzhpw
h-cp-tSbpw ho´n¬ AIzmKm¿Uv LSn-∏n- hmNm-e-ambn kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\-∏pdw kv{XoIƒ°p \evI-nsIm≠v Ncn{Xw
°p-hm\m-Wv. sshZyp-Xn-bn-s√-n¬ P\ Ch¿ H∂pw sNøp-∂n√. Hmtcm Xh- krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. \owtJ-U-bn-
td‰¿ shbv°phm\pw. \n߃ Xs∂ Wbpw hmKvZm-\-߃ \evIn Rßsf tebpw [ufn {Kma-Øn-sebpw P\-߃
]dbpI, (h-\nXm dnt∏m¿´tdm-Sv), Ah I_-fn-∏n-°p-∂p. R߃ Ah-sc-t∏mse ]©m-bØv A≤y-£-s‚bpw saº¿am-
¿°v ]pcpj {]knU‚ns\ Cßs\ ]cn- Iui-e-°m-c-√. F∂m¬ Rß-fptSbpw cp-tSbpw ÿm\tØbv°v kv{XoIsf
l-kn-°m-\mIp-tam. Rßsf Cu A[n- Rß-fpsS {Kma-Øns‚bpw \∑-Iƒ FXn-cn-√msX sXc-s-Sp-Øp. Ch-cpsS
Im-cn-Iƒ H´pw-Xs∂ hI-h-bv°p-∂-tX-bn- R߃ \∂mbn Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂p’.˛ s]¨s]-cpa \msSßpw hmgvØ-s∏-Sp-∂p.
√. H∂m-a-Xmbn
R߃ \ncIv-j-c-cmWv lmPcm, saº¿ ˛
Ign--h¿jw \owtJU ]©m-b-Øn\v
. c≠m-aXv R߃ kv{XoI-f-mWv. ]ns∂ Ah-cpsS £a-bpsS AXncp Ihn-bp- G‰hpw \√ ]©m-b-Øn-\p≈ ]pc-kv
apk¬am-\pw.’ ˛Bip_n ]dp˛ I-bm-Wv. Ah-cpsS £a-bpsS s\√n-∏- Imcw e`n®p F∂-XmWv hkvXp-X.
‘Rm≥ Hcn-°epw Icp-Xn-bncp-∂n√ eI sX-fn-bp-I-bm-Wv. XnI®pw im¥cpw C∂v Chn-SsØ A≤y-£bpw AwK
saº-dm-Ip-sa-∂v. Bbn-°-gn--t∏mƒ emfn-Xy-ap-≈-hcpw \njvI-f--cp-ambn ßfpw˛`c-W˛-cm-jv{Sob sajn-\-dn-bpsS
hnNm-cn®p Hcp amXr-˛-inip s]mXp-P\m tXm∂p-∂, Xe-apdp°n kmcn-Øp-ºp- \n w-K-X- - ImcWw Ch-cpsS _[nc I¿Æ-
tcm-Ky-tI{μw Xpd-°Wsa-∂v. F{Xtbm sIm≠v ad® Cu kv{XoIƒ, ]©m-bØv ß-fn¬ ]Xn-°-Ø-°-hn[w Hcp s]m´n-
kv{XoI-fmWv {]k-hsØ XpS¿∂v acn- kwkm-c-hn-j-b-am-Ip-tºmƒ Xnf-®p-a-dn-bp- sØ-dn-Xs∂ \S-Øm≥ shºp-I-bm-Wv.
°p-∂-Xv. thZ\ A\p-`-hn-°p-∂Xv Rß- Ibm-Wv. Ch-sc√mw cmPn-h-bv°p-∂-Xn\pw hnXp-ºp∂ i_vZ-Øn¬ ]©m-bØv
fm-Wv. R߃ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn\pw X-øm-dm-sW∂mWv hm¿Ø. Ch-sc√mw A≤y-£˛ Bip-_-nbpsS hm°p-Iƒ˛\-
Xømdm-Wv. F∂m¬ k¿°m¿ klm-bn-°p- Htc kzc-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p. C\n CXn¬ Ω-fp-tS-Xp-t]mse F√m ]©mb-Øp-
2 4 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
2 5

\nwtJZ {]knU‚ v Aip_n ]©m-bØv ao‰nw-Kn¬
Ifpw {]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ B{K-ln-°p-
∂p≠v. F∂m¬ R߃°v ]Whpw
In´p-∂n-√, Rß-fpsS ]≤-Xn-Iƒ°v AwKo-
Im-chpw \evI-s∏-Sp-∂n-√ ˛ cmPysØ
_lp`qcn-]£w ]©m-b-Øp-I-fp-sSbpw
ÿnXn-X-s∂-bmWv hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.
Zn√n-bn¬ \n∂pw R߃ \owtJUbn-tebv°v
]pd-s∏-Sp-∂Xv k¿°m¿
dnt∏m¿´p-IfpsSbpw A[n-Im-cn-I-fp-ambp≈
kw`m-j-Wß-fp-tSbpw ASn-ÿm-
\-Øn¬ hfsc hnP-b-I-c-amb Hcp ]co-
£Ww t\cn¬ ImWp-hm≥t]m-Ip-I-bm-
Wv- F∂ [mc-W-bn- -em-Wv. ]¬h¬ Ign
v ]p≥lm-\bv°p tijw sNdpXpw
hep-Xp-amb Ipgn-Iƒ XS w krjvSn°p∂
tdmUn¬IqSn IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ {]mbw
sN∂ Hcp a\p-jy-t\mSv hgn Bcm-t∏mƒ
At±lw ]p©n-cn-®p-sIm-≠p
tNmZn®p- ˛ ‘\owtJU? Ahn-tS-t∏m-Im≥
F√m-h¿°pw Xmev]-cy-am-Wv. \n߃
hnNm-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-b√ Imcy-߃.
{Kma-Øns‚ Nn{Xw Aßs\ A{X s]´s∂m∂pw
amdp-∂-X-√-t√m? At±-l-Øn
s‚ hm°p-I-fnse hywKyw \owtJU {Kma-
Ønse Hmtcm hy‡n-bp-sSbpw apJØv
sXfnp ImWm-am-bn-cp-∂p. Chn-SsØ
P\-߃°v ]©m-b-Øn-t\mSv ]cm-Xn-bn-
√. F√m-hcpw ]d-bp-∂Xv Cu kv{XoIƒ
ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ sa®-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\v hfsc-b-[nIw
{ian®p, F∂m¬ Ahsc
tIƒ°m≥ Bcp-an-√ F∂mWv. s]mXpsh
B {]tZiØmsI F∂-t]mse Xs∂
\owtJU tahm F∂ ap…ow hn`mK
Øn¬s∏´ P\-߃ A[-nh-kn-°p∂ Cu
{Kma-Ønse P\-kwJy Dt±iw aqhm-bnc-am-Wv.
AXn¬ \mep hoSp-Iƒ lnμp-°fp-tS-Xm-Wv.
F∂m¬ F√m-hcpw apd-hnfn
Iq´p-∂Xv sh≈-Øn\p th≠n-bm-Wv.
tahmXv s]mXpth hcĨ-_m-[nX
{]tZiw F∂-Xns‚ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-
Sp-∂p. \owtJU Dƒ∏sS a‰p {Kma-ßfnsebpw
Pew D∏p-c-k-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. Xs‚
hb-en¬ tKmX-ºns‚ hnf-sh-Sp-∏n¬
hym]r-X-\mb saº¿ i°q-c≥ ]d-bp-
∂-Xv˛ ‘]©m-bØv kz¥w \ne-bn¬
A-W-hm-Snbv°pw s]mXp-P\mtcm-KytI-{μ-Øn\pw
ÿew \evIn. F∂m¬
k¿°m¿ H∂pw sNbvXn-√. P\-ß-fpsS
]cn-lmkw tIƒt°-≠n-h-cp-∂Xv Rßfm-Wv.
\n߃ \nß-fpsS (kv{Xo dnt∏m
¿´¿) tPm-en˛`wKn-bmbn \n¿Δ-ln-®n-s√-
n¬ Hm^o-kn¬ Bfp-Iƒ ]d-bp-Ibnt√
Cu tPmen kv{XoIƒ°p ]‰nb-X√
F∂v. Rß-fpsS ÿnXnbpw
AXm-bn-cn-°p-∂p'.
kw`mjWw {][m-\-ambpw Cu
hnj-b-ßsf Np‰n-∏-‰n-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
�Ign--h¿jw A-W-hm-Snbv°p
th≠n Ccp-]-Ø-øm-bncw cq]m tiJcn-°p-Ibpw
AXn\p th≠n {]knU‚ v
kz¥w `qan \evIpIbpw IqSn sNbv
Xn´pw H∂pw kw`-hn-®n-√.
� s]mXp-P\mtcm-Ky-tI-{μ-Øn\pw `qan
e`y-am-°n-sb-nepw `c-W-IqSw Hcp
\S-]-Snbpw FSp-Øn-√.
� IpSn-sh-≈-Øn\p th≠n t_mdnwMv
\S-Øn-°p-Ibpw sshZyp-Xn°p-th≠n
sse≥ hen-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ tPmen
]©mb-Øns‚ taevt\m-´-Øn¬ \S-
∂p-sh-nepw {]mcw` klmbw \evInb-Xn\p
tijw `c-W-IqSw XWp-∏≥
kao-]-\-amWv kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
tPmen apgph≥ Hcp h¿j-ambn
kvXw`n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. sh≈-hp-an√,
sshZyp-Xn-bp-an-√. kao] {Kma-ßfpsS
Pe Zu¿e-`yØn\v Hcp Bizmkw
\evIp-∂-Xn\v, I\m-ens‚ _vfq{]n‚p
\owtJU ]©m-bØv Xøm-dm°n
\evIp-Ibpw CXns‚ \n¿Ωm-W-Øn\v
]q¿Æ-ambn klm-bn-°m-sa∂v hmKvZm-
\w \¬Ip-Ibpw sN-bvXn-cp-∂p. BZysams°
hf-sc-b-[nIw {]iw-kn-°-s∏-
´n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ CXv ]n∂oSv ^b-ep-
I-fn¬ apßn-t∏m-bn.
� ]p\vlm\ hsc t]mIp-∂-Xn\v ChnsS
_ p-I-sfm-∂p-an-√. P\-߃ bm{X-sNøm≥
\n¿_-‘n-X-cm-bn-cn-°p∂p. Po∏p-
I-fn¬ Fgp-]Xv Bƒ°msc hsc
IpØn-\n-d®v s^hn-t°m-fns‚ ]ckyhpw
t]dn tdmUp-I-fn¬°qSn h≥
`ojWn Db¿Øn HmSn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-
∂p. ]e-X-hW \nth-Z-\-߃ \evIp-
Ibpw cmPn-`o-jWn apg-°p-Ibpw sNbv
X-Xn\p tijw ]©m-bØocmPv sk{I-
´dn-bpsS CS-s]-S¬ sIm≠v Hcp _kv
HmSm≥ XpS-ßn-bn-cp-∂p. CXns‚ Hm´w
Aev] Znh-k-߃°p-≈n¬ Xs∂
\ne®p t]mbn.
Cß-s\-bp≈ FÆ-a‰ hnj-b-ß
fn¬ \owtJU h\nXm ]©m-bØv Hcmbncw
XhW i_vZ-ap-b¿Øn-°-gn-p.
Ct∏mƒ Ah¿ Xf¿∂v \ncm-i-cm-bn-Øp-
S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ Cu ]©m-b
Øv CXp-hsc H∂pw t\Sn-bn´n√ F∂v
CXn-\¿∞-an-√. Ah¿ kzbw sNbvXp
Xo¿Ø Imcy-ßfn¬ kwXr-]vX-c√ F∂-
XmWv {]bm-k-ap-f-hm-°p-∂-Xv. ]©mbØv
sXc-s-Sp-°-s∏-´-Xn-\p-tijw
BZy-ambn ap≥Xq°w \evIn-bXv kvIqƒ
\∂m-°-nsb-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\m-Wv. AhnsS
hnZym¿∞o˛hnZym¿∞n-\n-Iƒ ]Tn-°m≥
hc-W-sa∂v Xocp-am-\n-°-s∏-´p. kvIqƒ
A©mw Ivfm phsctb D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-
≈q. ]©m-b-Øns‚ {ia-^-e-ambn
Ct∏mƒ ]Øp-hsc AwKo-Imcw In´n
Ign-p. ]pXnb sI´nSw ]Wn Xo¿∂p
hcp-∂p. saº-dmb k^vZ¿ ]d-Xv˛
‘Rß-sf√mw \nc-£-c-cm-Wv-. AXpsIm≠v
Rß-fpsS kz]v\w, F√m
s]¨Ip-´n-Ifpw ]Tn°Wsa∂pw Rß
sf-t∏mse BI-cp-sX-∂pw’ BWv.
C°m-cy-Øn¬ ]©m-b-Øns‚ {ia-߃
Gsd-°psd {i≤ BI¿jn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-
Wv. {Kma-Øn-\p ]pdØv GI-tZiw Hcp
Intem-ao-‰¿ AIse I\men¬h®v
B_nZsb I≠p. Chƒ F´mw Xcw
Pbn-®n-´p-≠v. A©mw Ivfm phsc k¿
°m¿ kv°qfnepw aq∂p Ivfm p-Iƒ
ss{]h‰p kv°qfnepw˛A-hƒ ]d-p.
‘C\nbpw ]Tn-°-W-sa∂v B{K-l-ap-≠v
F∂m¬ ho´nse tPmen Bcp t\m°pw?
sh≈w F{X hfsc AI-se-bm-Wv.
s]¨Ip´n sh≈w sIm≠p-h-cm≥t]m-
Iptam AtXm ]Tn-°m≥ t]mIp-tam.’
Ah-tfm-sSm∏w XpWn Ae-°n-s°m-≠ncp∂
A^vkm\, kpa-bv.... F√m-hcpw
icn-bmWv F∂p Xe-bm-´n. Ct∏mƒ Cu
{Kma-Øn¬ kPo-h-ambn {]h¿Øn-°p∂
Zn√n-bnse Pmanb an√n-b-bn¬ \n∂pw
Fw.F ]m mb jpP ]d--Xv˛ ‘Cu
h\n-Xm-]-©m-b-Øns‚ cq]o-I-c-W-Øn¬
{Kmao-W¿ H∂-S-hpw Cu kv{XoI-fpsS
ho´p-Im¿ apgp-h\pw ]cn-]q¿Æ-ambn
klm-bn-®p. ap…ow߃ ]n¥n-cn-∏-∑m¿
A√m-sb∂pw kv{XoIsf ap≥\n-c-bn¬
\n¿Øp-∂-Xn\v Ah¿°v bmsXmcp hntcm-
[-hp-an-√m-sb∂pw ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øp.
Ch¿ Fs¥-nepw sNøp-sa∂pw F√mh¿°pw
{]Xo-£-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m
¬ Cu ÿnXn-bn¬ k¿°mcpw `c-W-
Iq-Shpw F√m-h-cp-sSbpw Bfl-hn-izmkw
XI¿°p-bmWv’ ˛F∂m-Wv.
Cu {Kma-Øn\v Hcp cmjv{Sob
{]m[m\yw Iev]n°-s∏-Sp-∂p. ImcWw
lcn-bm\ \nb-a-k-`-bn-tebv°v D]m-≤y-
£≥ BkmZv apl-ΩZv a’-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.
Chn-SsØ {]knU‚ vv At±-l-Øn-s‚
tPyjvT ktlm-Z-cs‚ `mcy-bm-Wv. F√m
Imcy-ß-fnepw Ahsc klm-bn-°m-dp-≈,
A≤y£ Bip_n-bpsS `¿Ømhv hfsc
ZpxJ-tØmSp IqSn ]d-bp-∂p˛ ‘hfsc
kwi-bm-kv]-Z-amb Hcp ÿnXn-hn-ti-j-
ØnemWv R߃. k¿°mcnt\m `c-W-
Iq-S-Ønt\m FXn-cmbn kwkm-cn-®m¬
ktlm-Z-cs‚ tIm]-Øn\v Ccbm-Ipw.
Aßs\ sNbvXn-√m-sb-n¬ {Kmao-WtcmSpw
Xß-tfm-Sp-X-s∂bpw sNøp∂
h©-\-bm-Ipw. Cu _p≤n-ap-´p-Iƒ°n-Sbnepw
A≤y£bpw Ah-cpsS H≥]Xv
AwK߃ AS-ßp∂ Soan¬ A¤p-Xmh-l-amb
Bfl-hn-izm-k-amWv {]I-S-am-Ip-
∂-Xv.’ Ah-cp-sS-Xs∂ Cu hm°p-Iƒ
Ah-cpsS \n›-b-Zm¿Vyw {]I-S-am-°p-∂p-
≠v.˛ ‘ao‰nwKv IqSp-∂Xv hfsc ck-Icamb
H∂m-Wv. saº¿ F∂ \ne-bn¬
{]uVnbpw {]Xm-]hpw D≠v. Ct∏mƒ
Rßsf√mw ChnsS Ccn-°p-tºmƒ Rß-fpsS
ho´p-Im¿ hb-en¬ hnfhp sImøp-
I-bm-Wv. Bsc¥p ]d-mepw Rß
ƒ°p \√ t]cm-Wv. R߃ Cu sNbvX
A{X-sbm∂pw apsºm-cn-°epw Bcpw sNbvXn-´n-√.
K¿Δn-jvTcpw Agna-Xn-°m-cpambB^o-k¿∑mcpw
\n¿Δn-Im-cX
\nd cm{„ob hyh-ÿn-Xnbp-am-Wv-,’
Ah¿ F¥n\p th≠n sXc-s-Sp-°-s∏-
´pthm AsXm∂pw Ahsc sNøm≥
A\p-h-Zn-°m-ØXv F∂-XmWv tJZ-I-camb
Hcp hkvXp-X.
(Courtesy : Outlook Sapthahik,
New Delhi 22-28, April, 2008.) �
2 6 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
2 7

BZy L´-Øn¬
thK-Øn¬ Po¿Æn-°p∂
a’y˛amwkm-h-in-jvS-߃
kwkv°-cn-°p∂
πm‚mWv Xøm-dm-°n-bXv. 250
Intem{Kmw kwkv°cW tijnbp≈
amen\y πm‚ v 2003
HIvtSm-_-dn¬ {]h¿Ø-\-£-a-ambn.
Fkv. jmPn
sIm√w Pn√-bnse Ing-°≥ aetbmc
{Kma-]-©m-b-Ømb ]Ø-\m-
]pcw {Kma-]-©m-bØv amen\y kwkvIc-W-Øn\v
\S-∏m-°nb ]≤-Xn-Iƒ {i≤bm-I¿-jn-°p-∂p.
tIc-f-Ønse an° ]©m-b-Øp-I-sfbpw-t]mse
cq£-amb amen-\y-{]-iv\amWv
]Ø-\m-]pcw {Kma-]-©m-bØpw
t\cn-´n-cp-∂Xv. a‰v ]©m-b-Øp-I-fn¬ \n∂v
hyXy-kvX-ambn ]Ø-\m-]pcw {Kma-]-©mbØv
am¿°-d-dns‚ {]h¿Ø\w TuWn
s‚ lrZ-b-`mK-Øp Xs∂-bm-Wv. CXv
SuWn¬ cq£-amb amen\y Iqºm-c-am
Wv krjvSn-®-Xv. a‰v ]©m-b-Øp-Isf
t]mse BZy-k-a-b-ß-fn¬ amen-\y-߃
temdn-I-fn¬ Ib‰n a‰v ÿe-ß-fn¬
sIm≠pt]mbn \nt£-]n-°p-Itbm,
Xm¬°m-en-I-ambn Xøm-dm-°nb Ipgn-Ifn¬
\nt£-]n-°p-Itbm BWv sNbvXncp-∂Xv.
CXv s]mXp-P-\-ß-fp-sSbpw ]cnÿnXn
{]h¿Ø-I-cp-sSbpw ISpØ
FXn¿∏n\v CS-bm°n. amen\yw \o°w
sNøm≥ Ign-bmsX h∂-tXmsS ]Ø-\m-
]pcw am¿°-‰n¬ \n∂v ]pdw-X-≈p∂
a’y˛ amwkm-h-in-jvS-߃ Po¿Æn®v
SuWn-emsI cq£K‘hpw Cu®bpw
s]cpIn.
Cu kml-N-cy-Øn-emWv amen\y
{]iv\-Øn\v imizX ]cn-lmcw ImWp-
∂-Xn\v Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-csØ _tbm-sS-
°ns\ Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv. XpS¿∂v
\S-Ønb ]T-\-Øn¬ 500 Intem{Kmw
thK-Øn¬ Po¿Æn-°p∂ amen-\y-ß
fpw, A{X-Xs∂ kmh-[m\w Po¿Æn-
°p∂ amen-\y-ßfpw {]Xn-Zn\w am¿°-
‰n¬ D≠m-hp-∂-Xmbn Is≠Øn. Xømdm-°nb
]≤Xn cq]-tcJ A\pkcn®v
hnhn[ L´-ß-fn-embn ]≤Xn \S-∏m-
°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. CXv
]©m-b-Øn\v ISpØ kmº-ØnI
_m≤yX IqSm-sX-Xs∂ ]≤Xn ]q¿Ønbm-°m≥
klmb-I-ambn. tIc-f-Ønse
Xs∂ BZysØ amen\y kwkvI-cW
sshZypXn -D-Xv]m-Z\ ]≤XnbmWv ]Ø-
\m-]p-cØv {]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv.
BZy L´-Øn¬ thK-Øn¬ Po¿Æn-
°p∂ a’y˛amwkm-h-in-jvS-߃
kwkv°-cn-°p∂ πm‚mWv Xøm-dm-°nbXv.
250Intem{Kmw kwkv°-cW
tijn-bp≈ amen\y πm‚ v 2003 HIvtSm-
_-dn¬ {]h¿Ø-\-£-a-ambn.
thK-Øn¬ Po¿Æn-°p∂ a’y˛
amwkm-h-in-jvS-ßsf _tbm-ao-X-ss\tk-j≥
kmt-Xn-I-hnZy D]-tbm-Kn-
®mWv kwkvI-cn-°p-∂Xv. kwkvI-cn®v
e`n-°p∂ ssPh-hm-X-IsØ {]tXyI
^n¬‰dp-I-fneqsS ISØn-hn´v ip≤o-Icn®
tijw P\-td-‰-dp-I-fpsS klm-btØmsS
sshZypXn DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂p.
Cu sshZypXn D]-tbm-Kn®v am¿°-‰nepw
]cn-k-c-Øpap≈ ap∏-tXmfw kn.F^v.
F¬. IØn-°p-Ibpw, πm‚n-t\mSv A\p-
_-‘n-®p≈ {]oI-≠n-j-W¿, Kymkv
^n¬‰¿, dossk-¢nwKv ]ºv F∂nh
{]h¿Øn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. amen-
\y-kw-kvI-cWw Ignv ssPh-hm-XI
πm‚n¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øp-h-cp∂ aen-\-Pew
kwkvI-cn®v ]p\-cp-]-tbmKw sNøp∂
\qX-\-]-≤-Xnbpw Xøm-dm-°n-bn-´p≠v. CXv
πm‚n¬ \n∂pw ]pd-tØ-°p≈ aen-\-
P-e-Øns‚ Hgp°v XS-bp-∂-Xn\pw πm‚pw
]cn-k-chpw ipNn-bmbn \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-
Xn\pw klm-bn-°p∂p.
c≠mw L´-Øn¬ kmh-[m\w Po¿
Æn-°p∂ ]®-°-dn-Ifpw \mcp-Iƒ A[n-
I-ap≈ kkym-h-in-jvS-ßfpw kwkvIcn-°m≥
Ign-bp∂ eo®vs_Uv kwhn-
[m-\-amWv Xøm-dm-°n-bXv. 250 Intem
{Kmw tijn-bp≈ Cu πm‚ v {]h¿Ø\
£a-amb-tXmsS πm‚ns‚ samØ
kwkvI-c-W-tijn Db¿∂p F∂v am{Xa√
\mcp-Iƒ A[n-I-ap≈ kkym-h-injvS-߃
amen-\y-kw-kvI-cW πm‚n-\p-
≈n¬ t]mbn πm‚ns‚ {]h¿Ø\w
XS-k-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv Hgn-hm-°m\pw
Ignp.
aq∂mw L´-Øn¬ kmh-[m\w Po¿
Æn-°p∂ Icn-bne, hmg-bne, N∏pN-hdp-Iƒ
F∂nh kwkv°-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v
_tbm-kn-\-td-‰-dmWv ÿm]n-®Xv.
_tbm-Kymkv πm‚n¬ \n∂v DXv]m-Zn-
∏n-°p∂ _tbm-Kym-kns‚ Hcwiw
D]tbm-Kn®v ]cn-an-X-amb hmbp-k-º¿°-
Øn¬ amen-\y-߃ IØn®v Xmt]m¿
÷-am°n am‰p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂Xv.
hmbp-k-º¿°w Ipd-hm-b-Xn-\m¬ amen-
\y-߃ ]q¿Æ-ambpw IØn-Xo-cp∂p
F∂v am{X-a√ ]pdw-X-≈p∂ ]pI-bpsS
Afhpw hfsc Ipd-hm-bn-cn°pw. amen-
\y-߃ IØn-°m≥ ssPh-hm-XIw
Xs∂ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ ]©m-b-
Øn\v Bh¿Ø\ sNehv Hgn-hm-°m\pw
Ignp. 100 Intem amen-\y-amWv
_tbm-kn-\-td-‰dns‚ {]Xn-Zn\ kwkvIc-W-tijn.
_tbm-kn-\-td-‰-dn¬ \n∂v
DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ NqSp-sh≈w sshZypXn
DXv]m-Z\ πm‚ns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-Øn\pw
D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p.
aq∂p L´-ßfpw ]q¿Øn-bm-b-tXmsS
]Ø-\m-]pcw πm‚ns‚ {]Xn-Zn\ kwkv
I-cW tijn 600 Intem amen-\y-amWv.
amen-\y-ti-J-cWw Imcy-£-a-am-°m≥
th≠n am¿°-‰n-\-IØv {]h¿Øn-°p∂
Cd-®n-°S, a’y-am¿°‰v, Cd-®n-t°mgn
hn¬∏\ tI{μw F∂o ÿe-ß-fn¬
amen-\y-ti-J-c-W-Øn-\mbn {]tXyI
_n∂p-Ifpw ]©m-bØv hnX-cWw
sNbvXp. _n∂p-I-fn¬ tiJ-cn-°p∂
amen-\y-߃ πm‚n-\p-≈nse amen\y
Ad-I-fn¬ \nt£-]n-°p∂p. _tbm-kn-
]Ø\m]pcw ssPhamen\y πm‚ns‚ aq∂mwL´Øn¬ ÿm]n® _tbmKymkns‚
DZvLmS\w Pn√m]©mbØv {]knU‚ v AUz. sI. tkma{]kmZv \n¿Δln°p∂p.
c≠mw L´-Øn¬
kmh-[m\w Po¿Æn-°p∂
]®-°-dn-Ifpw \mcp-Iƒ
A[n-I-ap≈ kkym-h-in-jvS-ßfpw
kwkv°-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp∂
eo®vs_Uv kwhn-[m-\-amWv
Xøm-dm-°n-bXv. 250 Intem{Kmw
tijn-bp≈ Cu πm‚ v
{]h¿Ø\£a-amb-tXmsS πm‚ns‚
samØ kwkvI-c-W-tijn Db¿∂p
F∂v am{X-a√ \mcp-Iƒ
A[n-I-ap≈ kkym-h-in-jvS-߃
amen-\y-kw-kvI-cW πm‚n-\p-≈n¬
t]mbn πm‚ns‚ {]h¿Ø\w
XS-k-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv
Hgn-hm-°m\pw Ignp.
\-td-‰-dn¬ \n∂v ]pdw X≈p∂ Nmchpw,
am¿°‰v hrØn-bm-°p-tºmƒ e`n-°p∂
πmÃnIv, •mkv, teml amen-\y-ßfpw
tiJ-cn-°m≥ {]tXyI _n∂p-Iƒ Xømdm-°n-bn-´p≠v.
πm‚n¬ DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ sshZypXn
D]-tbm-Kn®v sshIn´v Bdv apX¬
]Øp-h-scbpw shfp-∏n\v c≠v apX¬
Bdv hscbpw am¿°-‰nse kn. F^v.
F√p-Iƒ IØn°mw. CXn-eqsS ssh
ZypXn sNehv C\-Øn¬ ]©m-b-Øn\v
h≥ em`w D≠m-bn-´p≠v. A©mw h¿j-
Øn-te°v IS-∂n-cn-°p∂ ]Ø-\m-]pcw
πm‚ v Gh¿°pw A\p-I-c-Wob amXr-
I-bmsW∂ Imcy-Øn¬ kwi-b-an√.
cq£-amb amen-\y-{]iv\w t\cn-Sp∂
tIc-f-Ønse apgp-h≥ ]©m-b-Øp-
Iƒ°pw \S-∏n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-XmWv
kwtbm-PnX amen\y kwkvI-cW πm‚ v.
IqSmsX tI{μ ]mc-º-cy-Xc Du¿÷h-Ip-∏ns‚
k_vkn-Unbpw πm‚ v \n¿
Ωm-W-Øn\v e`n°pw. CXn-\m¬ kmº-
Øn-I-ambn ]nt∂m°w \n¬°p∂ ]©mb-Øp-Iƒ°v
t]mepw A[nI kmº-
ØnI _m[y-X-bn-√msX ^e-{]-Z-ambn \S-
∏m-°m-hp-∂-XmWv ]Ø-\m-]p-cØv hnPbw
I≠ kwtbm-PnX amen\y kwkvI-cW
πm‚ v.
(teJ-I≥
]Ø-\m-]pcw {Kma-]-©m-bØv
{]kn-U‚mW)v
�
2 8 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
2 9

Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-ß-ƒ
87 iXam\w ]≤Xn XpI sNe-h-gn®p
kwÿm\sØ Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\߃ ]Xn-s\m∂mw ]©-h-’-c-]-≤Xn P\Io- -bm-kq-{X-W-Øn¬ 2007˛08 kmº-
ØnI h¿jw 87.37% ]≤Xn XpI sNe-h-gn®p. {XnXe ]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ°pw \K-c-k-`-Iƒ°p-ambn 1574 tImSn cq] A\ph-Zn-
-®-Xn¬ 1375 tImSn 24 e£w cq] sNe-h-gn®p. 70% XpI-bmWv ]≤Xn e£y-ambn Kh¨sa‚ v \n›-bn-®n-cp-∂Xv. \maam-{X-amb
Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-߃ am{X-amWv 70 iX-am-\-Øn¬ Ipd®v XpI sNe-h-gn-®Xv. A\p-`-h-Øns‚ shfn-
®-Øn¬ ]≤Xn XpI sNe-h-gn-°p-∂-Xn\v kpXm-cy-amb hyh-ÿ-Iƒ Kh¨sa‚ v G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp∂p. am¿§-\n¿t±-i߃°v
hncp-≤-ambn XpI sNe-h-gn-°m≥ A\p-h-Zn-®n√. Nne Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-߃ ]´n-I-PmXn/h¿§ taJ-e-
I-fn¬ IqSp-X¬ XpI sNe-h-gn-®n-´p≠v.
Pn√m ]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ
kwÿm\ icm-icn : 84.90%.
G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ : Be-∏pg Pn√m ]©m-bØv. 100%.
G‰hpw Ipdhv : tIm´bw Pn√m ]©m-bØv ˛ 70%
tIm¿∏-td-j-\p-Iƒ
kwÿm\ icm-icn : 82.12 %
G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ : Xr»q¿ tIm¿∏-td-j≥ 93.19%.
G‰hpw Ipdhv
\K-c-k-`-Iƒ
: sIm√w tIm¿∏-td-j≥ 73.10%
kwÿm\ icm-icn : 81.84%
s\øm-‰n≥Ic, ssh°w, H‰-∏mew, A-amen, ae-∏pdw \Kc-k-`-Iƒ
100 iX-am\w sNe-h-gn®p.
IÆq¿ \K-c-k` 39.17 iX-am\w XpI am{X-amWv sNe-h-gn-
®Xv.
tªm°v ]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ
kwÿm\ icm-icn : 85%
sh≈-\mSv, sNß-∂q¿, Cfw-tZiw, tN¿∏v, A´-∏mSn, \ne-ºq¿,
h≠q¿ tªm°v ]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ 100% XpI sNe-h-gn-®p.
]Xns\m∂mw ]≤Xn P\Iobmkq{XWw
]≤Xn sNe-hns‚ hni-Zmw-i-߃
]ø-∂q¿ tªm°v ]©m-bØv 59% XpI am{X-amWv sNe-hgn-®Xv.
{Kma-]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ
kwÿm\ icm-icn : 79.33%
Pn√
Pn√ Xncn-®p-ff IW°v NphsS
iXam\w
CSp°n 87.76
hb-\mSv 85.83
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw 84.29
sIm√w 83.17
]Ø-\w-Xn´ 82.14
Xr»q¿ 79.80
Be-∏pg 78.84
Imk¿tImUv 78.67
ae-∏pdw 77.55
tImgn-t°mSv 77.27
IÆq¿ 75.84
]me-°mSv 76.04
tIm´bw 76.01
Fd-Wm-Ipfw 73.96
hnIk\ ^≠v (2007˛08) sNehgn®Xn¬ G‰hpw apºnepw ]nºnepap≈ {Kma]©mbØpIƒ
G‰hpw apºn¬ G‰hpw ]nºn¬
1. aSnss° ˛ 95.70
2. DZpa ˛ 94.75
3 Ipºf ˛ 94.74
4. sNΩ\mSv ˛ 92.77
5. ]\ØSn ˛ 90.41
6. thm¿°mSn ˛ 87.37
7. Iøq¿Nota\n ˛ 86.08
8. ImdUp° ˛ 85.56
9. ]oent°mSv ˛ 84.74
10. Xr°cn∏q¿ ˛ 84.31
1. sNºntemSv ˛ 100.00
2. thßmSv ˛ 98.71
3 ISºq¿ ˛ 97.43
4. A©c°≠n ˛ 94.63
5. sImft®cn ˛ 94.04
6. amßm´nSw ˛ 92.75
7. Nn‰mcn∏dºv ˛ 92.15
8. ]mSyw ˛ 90.18
9. t]cmhq¿ ˛ 88.80
10. sNm¢n ˛ 88.17
1. Xhnm¬ ˛ 98.81
2. am\¥hmSn ˛ 98.35
3. sh≈ap≠ ˛ 93.08
4. \q¬∏pg ˛ 92.74
5. FShI ˛ 91.14
6. ap´n¬ ˛ 90.06
7. ]\acw ˛ 88.13
8. s\≥ta\n ˛ 87.15
9. sXm≠¿\mSv ˛ 86.80
10. apss∏\mSv ˛ 86.19
1. amhq¿ ˛ 100.00
2. Ip‰ymSn ˛ 98.27
3. Imhnepw]md ˛ 94.48
4. \SphÆq¿ ˛ 92.08
5. Imct»cn ˛ 90.94
6. tNat©cn ˛ 90.61
7. Ingt°mØv ˛ 90.44
8. s\m®mSv ˛ 89.79
9. sImSph≈n ˛ 89.44
10. ]pXp∏mSn ˛ 88.60
Imk¿tKmUv
3 0 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
3 1
IÆq¿
hb\mSv
tImgnt°mSv
1. ]≈n°c ˛ 55.18
2. sNf ˛ 61.40
3 apfnbm¿ ˛ 65.81
4. ]p√q¿s]cnb ˛ 68.67
5. _ZnbSp° ˛ 70.33
1. hf]´Ww ˛ 38.08
2. cma¥fn ˛ 48.24
3. Nndbv°¬ ˛ 58.41
4. N∏mc∏Shv ˛ 59.68
5. tIfIw ˛ 62.43
1. ta∏mSn ˛ 67.50
2. thß∏≈n ˛ 77.21
3 kp¬Øm≥_tØcn ˛ 79.52
4. XcntbmSv ˛ 80.07
5. ]SnmtdØd ˛ 81.12
1. FSt®cn ˛ 56.87
2. tNf∂q¿ ˛ 61.44
3 NßtcmØv ˛ 63.09
4. XqtWcn ˛ 63.30
5. sNIymSv ˛ 63.36
(Pn√ Xncn®v iXam\Øn¬)
G‰hpw apºn¬ G‰hpw ]nºn¬
ae∏pdw
1. s]m≥ap≠w ˛ 100.00 1. Ip‰n∏pdw ˛ 52.00
2. \neºq¿ ˛ 100.00 2. sImt≠m´n ˛ 60.00
3. tImUq¿ ˛ 99.00 3. XncqcßmSn ˛ 61.00
4. Iogp]dºv ˛ 98.00
4. shfnbwtImSv ˛ 62.00
5. a°c]dºv ˛ 97.00
6. Xm\mfq¿ ˛ 97.00
5. BXh\mSv ˛ 64.00
7. aq¿°\mSv ˛ 96.00
8. Ipdph ˛ 95.00
9. t]mØpI√v ˛ 95.00
10. ]pemat¥mƒ ˛ 93.00
11. Iq´neßmSn ˛ 93.00
12. sNdnbap≠w ˛ 93.00
]me°mSv
1. AItØØd ˛ 100.00
2. Abneq¿ ˛ 96.20
3. Imc°pdp»n ˛ 94.60
4. taem¿tImSv ˛ 93.10
5. Fe∏p≈n ˛ 93.00
6. BeØq¿ ˛ 90.90
7. FcptغXn ˛ 90.30
8. s\∑md ˛ 90.10
9. hnfbq¿ ˛ 90.00
10. sXc ˛ 90.00
1. ASm´v ˛ 100.00
2. Xr°q¿ ˛ 100.00
3. thfq°c ˛ 100.00
4. IS∏pdw ˛ 100.00
5. a‰Øq¿ ˛ 94.78
6. theq¿ ˛ 92.78
7. ssI∏dºv ˛ 90.74
8. ]cnbmcw ˛ 90.05
9. ]gb∂q¿ ˛ 90.04
10. sX°pwIc ˛ 90.03
1. IqØm´pIpfw ˛ 100.00
2. Nq¿Æn°c ˛ 100.00
3. tNm‰m\n°c ˛ 98.76
4. ImeSn ˛ 97.04
5. Ip∂pIc ˛ 96.50
6. ]mºm°pS ˛ 95.53
7. agph∂q¿ ˛ 93.38
8. apf¥pcpØn ˛ 93.32
9. s\Spºmt»cn ˛ 88.53
10. Geq¿ ˛ 88.24
Xr»q¿
FdWmIpfw
1. s\√nbmºXn ˛38.60
2. amØq¿ ˛40.60
3. ]qt°m´pImhv ˛47.00
4. Nment»cn ˛50.00
5. Ipep°√q¿ ˛54.70
1. ssX°mSv ˛ 55.55
2. Acnºq¿ ˛ 56.67
3. taØe ˛ 60.63
4. Xfn°pfw ˛ 61.30
5. he∏mSv ˛ 64.06
1. H°¬ ˛ 45.06
2. tNcm\√q¿ ˛ 46.84
3 Ip∂Øp\mSv ˛ 48.00
4. hShptImSv
]pØ≥Ipcniv ˛ 48.32
5. Ing°ºew ˛ 50.30

G‰hpw apºn¬ G‰hpw ]nºn¬ G‰hpw apºn¬ G‰hpw ]nºn¬
1. ASnamen ˛ 100.00
2. Bet°mSv ˛100.00
3 Ipanfn ˛ 100.00
4. ]ocptaSv ˛ 100.00
5. sh≈Øqh¬ ˛ 100.00
6. Icnp∂w ˛ 99.70
7. aq∂m¿ ˛ 99.68
8. IcnaÆq¿ ˛ 99.67
9. I´∏\ ˛ 99.17
10. adbq¿ ˛ 96.84
1. aptØmen ˛ 100.00
2. IpdhneßmSv ˛ 93.46
3. Fcptaen ˛ 93.01
4. `cWßm\w ˛ 92.93
5. Imnc∏≈n ˛ 92.55
6. IS\mSv ˛ 91.00
7. Iqtcm∏S ˛ 89.33
8. AIe°p∂w ˛ 89.21
9. ao\®n¬ ˛ 87.92
10. ]mdtØmSv ˛ 87.45
1. tZhnIpfßc ˛ 96.08
2. ]´W°mSv ˛ 93.06
3. Nntßmen ˛ 92.43
4. amcmcn°pfw
t\m¿Øv ˛ 92.04
5. h≈n°p∂w ˛ 91.84
6. Imhmew ˛ 90.16
7. Aºe∏pg
t\m¿Øv ˛ 90.13
8. sNdnb\mSv ˛ 89.67
9. amthen°c
Xmac°pfw ˛ 89.35
10. ]mWmh≈n ˛ 88.14
CSp°n
tIm´bw
1. Ad°pfw ˛ 36.45
2. s]cph¥m\w ˛ 71.90
3 ap´w ˛ 72.53
4. ampfw ˛ 72.73
5. h≠ns∏cnbm¿ ˛ 75.47
1. Ißg ˛ 49.39
2. Xe\mSv ˛ 54.75
3. taepImhv ˛ 55.08
4. ]\®n°mSv ˛ 55.77
5. sh≈q¿ ˛ 55.90
Be∏pg
1. ]m≠\mSv ˛ 54.45
2. tN∏mSv ˛ 59.52
3. ]pfnp∂v ˛ 62.92
4. Np\°c ˛ 63.56
5. Fgp]p∂ ˛ 65.66
1. ]¥fwsXt°°c ˛ 95.85
2. sagpthen ˛ 95.15
3. tImbn{]w ˛ 93.26
4. sh®p®nd ˛ 93.06
5. dm∂n ]ghßmSn ˛ 92.78
6. s]cnßc ˛ 92.59
7. hSt»cn°c ˛ 91.87
8. Acphm]pew ˛ 91.49
9. s\Sp{ºw ˛ 91.29
10. h≈nt°mSv ˛ 90.75
1. ssaew ˛ 99.20
2. sIm´mc°c ˛ 95.40
3. Xrt°mhn¬h´w ˛ 95.10
4. sX∑e ˛ 94.90
5. s\Spº\ ˛ 94.60
6. ]\bw ˛ 94.40
7. a¨t{SmØpcpØv ˛ 94.30
8. FgptIm¨ ˛ 93.30
9. Gcq¿ ˛ 91.90
10. t]cbw ˛ 91.80
1. hma\]pcw ˛ 96.00
2. aebn≥Iogv ˛ 95.00
3. amd\√q¿ ˛ 95.00
4. shßm\q¿ ˛ 95.00
5. Aºqcn ˛ 94.00
6. s]cpShnf ˛ 94.00
7. _mecma]pcw ˛ 94.00
8. ]qh®¬ ˛ 93.00
9. CeIa¨ ˛ 93.00
10. Xncp]pdw ˛ 93.00
]Ø\wXn´
sIm√w
Xncph\¥]pcw
1. tXm´∏pgt»cn ˛ 62.36
2. a√∏≈n ˛ 64.26
3 ]¥fw ˛ 65.22
4. Ce¥q¿ ˛ 70.46
5. Cchnt]cq¿ ˛ 71.90
1. ]ndh¥q¿ ˛ 63.10
2. Be∏mSv ˛ 71.70
3. sIm‰wIc ˛ 72.10
4. Ipf°S ˛ 72.40
5. Icp\mK∏≈n ˛ 73.00
1. CSh ˛ 54.00
2. t]mØ≥tImSv ˛ 69.00.
3. Ig°q´w ˛ 69.00
4. sh´q¿ ˛ 70.00
5. H‰tiJcawKew ˛ 71.00
]©mbØv A°u≠v ˛ 11
DZ-b-`m\p It≠Øv
{Sjdnbn¬ \n∂p e`n°p∂ tkh\߃
]ªnIv A°u-≠nse taP¿
slUp-I-fn-sem-∂mWv "8448 tem°¬
^≠v \nt£-]-߃'. Xt±i kzbw-`-cW
ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS \nt£-]-߃. Cu ta
P¿ slUn\p Iogn-ep≈ Hcp A°u-
≠n¬ {Sj-dn-bn¬ kq£n-°p∂p. _mv
A°u≠v t]mse-bp≈ Hc-°u≠v
BWnXv. sN°v k{º-Zm-b-Øn-emWv XpI
]n≥h-en-®n-cp-∂Xv.
_n¬ k{º-Zmbw
F∂m¬ _n¬ k{º-Zmbw \nehn¬
h∂-t∏mƒ ]pXnb coXn-Iƒ \nehn¬
h∂p. {Sj-dn°v Ipsd-°qSn DØ-chm-Zn-Ø-ßfpw
\¬In. 12.4.2006 se Pn.H
(]n) 177/206/^n≥ \º¿ k¿°m¿ DØc-h-\p-k-cn-®mWv
]pXnb _n¬ k{º-Zmbw
\ne-hn¬ h∂n-´p-f-fXv. {]kvXpX DØ-chnse
Imcy-߃ icn-bmbn a\- n-em-°nbm¬
{Sj-dn-bp-am-bp≈ CS-]m-Sp-I-fn¬
Xt±-i- kzbw`c-W-ÿm-]-\-߃ t\cn-Sp∂
{]bm-k-߃ C√m-Xm-bn-Øocpw.
se‰¿ Hm^v AtXm-dn‰n
se‰¿ Hm^v AtXm-dn‰n aptJ-\bmWv
F, kn, Un ^≠p-Iƒ Xt±i
kzbw-`-c-W-ÿm-]-\-߃°v e`n-°p-
∂Xv. se‰¿ Hm^v AtXm-dn‰n Xt±-i`c-W-ÿm-]-\-Øn\pw
Hcp ]I¿∏v Xncp-h-
\-¥-]pcw Pn√m {Sj-dn°pw as‰mcp
]I¿∏v _‘-s∏´ {Sj-dn°pw e`n-
°p∂p. Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw Pn√m {Sj-dnbn¬
_n¬ ka¿∏n-®mWv [\-Im-cy-h-
Ip∏v Hmtcm amkhpw F.kn.Un ^≠p-
Iƒ I¨ tkm-fn-tU-‰Uv ^≠n¬
\n∂v ]ªnIv A°u-≠n-te°v am‰p-
∂Xv. se‰¿ Hm^v AtXm-dn‰n e`n-°ptºmƒ
]ªnIv A°u-≠nse samØw
C°-gn h¿jw
se‰¿ Hm^v AtXm-dn‰n
aptJ\ e`n® Nne
^≠p-I-fpsS Nne KUp-
°ƒ Nne Xt±-i-kzbw`cW
ÿm]-\-ƒ°v \jvS-s∏´p.
GtXm XI-cm-dp-Im-cWw
{Sjdn Ch hc-hp-h-bv°m-
Ø-Xp-aq-e-amWv C{]-Imcw
kw`-hn-®Xv. {]Xn-amk
{Sjdn dn°¨kn-en-tb-j≥
\S-tØ-≠-Xns‚
Bh-iy-I-X-bn-te-bv°mWv
CXv hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂Xv.
XpI-bn¬ \n∂v Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw Pn√m
{Sj-dn- B-h-iy-amb Ipdhp hcp-Øp-
Ibpw, _‘-s∏´ {Sjdn Atem-t°-j-
\n¬ h¿≤-\hp hcp-Øp-Ibpw sNøpw.
C{]-Imcw A°u-≠n¬ XpI bYm
¿∞-Øn¬ hs∂-Øntbm F∂p ]cn-tim-
[n-t°-≠Xv Xt±-i- kzbw`c-W-ÿm-]-
\-Øns‚ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-amWv. {Sjdn
dn°¨knen-tb-j≥ hgn-bmWv C{]-
Imcw ]cn-tim-[n-t°-≠Xv.
{Sj-dn-bnse A°u-≠p-Iƒ
Xt±-i- kzbw`c-W-ÿm-]-\-Øn\v
{Sj-dn-bn¬ Bdv A°u-≠p-I-fmWv hn`mh\w
sNbvXn-´p-≈Xv. hn]n-F^v/_n]n-
F^v/Un]n-F^v /FwF^v/Fwkn-
F^v A°u≠v I, II (F), II (_n), II (kn),
III (i), III (ii) F∂n-h-bm-Wh.
F∂m¬, \ne-hn-ep≈ slUv Hm^v
A°u-≠p-I-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬
aq∂v A°u-≠p-Iƒ am{Xta {Sjdn
kq£n-°p-∂p≈q. AXn-\m¬ hnI-k-\-
^≠v ˛ P\-d¬, Fkv kn ]n, Sn Fkv
]n F∂nh A°u≠v II Bbn {Sjdn
kq£n-°p∂p. AXp-t]mse tdmUv
BkvXn-I-fpsSbpw tdmUn-Xc XkvXn-
Ifpw sabn‚-\≥kn-\p≈ ^≠v A°u
≠v III Bbn {Sjdn kq£n-°p∂p.
Fnepw Xt±-i-`-cW ÿm]\w
Cu Bdv A°u-≠p-Iƒ°pw {]tXyIw
sN°v Cjyp -c-Pn-Ãdpw At{]m-{]n-tbj≥
I¨t{Smƒ cPn-Ãdpw kq£n-°Ww.
Cs√-n¬ hI-am‰n sNehp sNøm≥ CSbp≠v.
{Sjdn dn°¨knen-tb-j≥
C°-gn h¿jw se‰¿ Hm^v
AtXm-dn‰n aptJ\ e`n® Nne ^≠p-IfpsS
Nne KUp-°ƒ Nne Xt±-i-kzbw
`cW ÿm]-\-߃°v \jvS-s∏´p.
GtXm XI-cm-dp-Im-cWw {Sjdn Ch hchp-h-bv°m-Ø-Xp-aq-e-amWv
C{]-Imcw
kw`-hn-®Xv. {]Xn-amk {Sjdn dn°¨
kn-en-tb-j≥ \S-tØ-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-
I-X-bn-te-bv°mWv CXv hnc¬ Nq≠p-
∂Xv.
A°u≠v I
{Kma-]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ°pw ap\n-kn-∏men-‰n-Iƒ°pw
ap\n-kn-∏¬ tIm¿∏-td-j-
3 2 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
3 3

\p-Iƒ°pw {Sj-dn-bn¬ hn]n-F^v/Fw
F^v A°u-≠p-Iƒ t\csØ D≠mbn-cp∂p.
12.4.2006 se k¿°¿ DØ-c-hp-
{]-Imcw hn]n-F^v/FwF^v/Fwkn-
F^v A°u≠v I, II, III F∂o aq∂v
A°u-≠p-Iƒ Bcw-`n®p. P\-d¬
]¿∏kv ^≠pw X\-Xp-^≠v, KpW-t`m-
‡r-hn-lnXw, dosS≥j≥, CFwUn XpSßnb
XpI-Ifpw ]pXnb A°u≠v I
emWv \nt£-]n-t°-≠Xv. CtXmsS ]gb
hn]n-F^v/FwF^v A°u-≠p-Iƒ°p
{]k-‡n-bn-√m-Xmbn. ImcWw Htc Dt±i-Øn\v
Htc {Sj-dn-bn¬ c≠v A°u-≠p-
Iƒ Bh-iy-an√. BZysØ A°u≠v
t¢mkv sNbvXv _me≥kv XpI hn]n-
F^v/FwF^v/Fwkn-F^v A°u≠v I
te°v am‰m≥ Xt±-i -kzbw`c-W-ÿm-
]\w {Sj-dn-bn¬ At]£ \¬In {]iv\w
]cn-l-cn-°m-hp-∂-XmWv.
"_n' ^≠v
"_n' ^≠v XpI-Iƒ _‘-s∏´
Pn√m Hm^o-k¿am-cpsS Atem-´vsa‚ v
se‰¿ hgn-bmWv e`n-°p-∂Xv. XpI-Iƒ
{Sj-dn-bn¬ I¨tkm-fn-tU-‰Uv ^≠n¬
kq£n-°p∂p.
"Un' ^≠v
"Un' ^≠v X\-Xp-^-≠ns‚ `mKw
Xs∂-bmWv. CXn\v {Sj-dn-bn-ep≈
A°u≠v _mv A°u≠v t]mse
Xs∂-bmWv. sN°v aptJ\ ]n≥h-en-
°p∂p.
F, kn ^≠v XpI-Iƒ
]n≥h-en-°epw ImcnHmhdpw
"F' ^≠pw "kn' ^≠pw ]n≥h-en-
°p-∂Xv {Sj-dn-bn¬ Sn B¿ 59 _n t^md-
Øn-ep≈ _n¬ ka¿∏n-®mWv.
am¿®v 31\v F{X XpI A°u-≠n¬
\o°n-bn-cn-∏pt≠m, A{Xbpw XpI-bm-bncn°pw
G{]n¬ 1 se {]mcw-`-_m°n. C{]-
Imcw XpI ImcnHmh¿ sNøp-∂-Xnt\m,
XpI ]n≥h-en®p sNe-hgn-°p-∂-Xn\v
{]tXyI DØ-c-shm∂pw Bh-iy-an√.
"_n' ^≠v XpI-Iƒ
]n≥h-en-°epw em]vkpw
I¨tkm-fn-tU-‰Uv ^≠n-emWv "_n'
^≠v XpI-Iƒ \ne-\n-ev°p-∂Xv. Sn B¿
59 F t^md-Øn-ep≈ _n¬ hgn ]n≥hen°mw.
kmº-ØnI h¿jw Ign-bp-∂-
Xn-\p-apºv XpI ]n≥h-en-°m-\p≈ A\paXn
]{X-amWv Atem-´vsa‚ v se‰¿.
am¿®v 31 \Iw ]n≥h-en-°mØ XpI
em]vkmhpw.
F, _n, kn ^≠p-I-fn¬ \n∂v A[nIw
]n≥h-en® XpI Xncn-®-S-bv°¬
XpI \jvS-s∏-Sp-sa∂
`b-Øm¬ X\-Xp-^≠v
A°u-≠n¬ C{]-Im-c-ap≈
XpI-Iƒ kq£n-°p-∂-hcp≠v.
{Sj-dn-bn¬ \n∂pw
hmßnb "_n' ^≠v XpI
X\-Xp-^-≠n-\p≈ _mv
A°u-≠n-en´v sN°v
hgn ]n≥h-en®v
sNe-hp-sN-øp-∂-hcp-ap≠v.
\n¿h-lW DtZym-K-ÿcpw Xncn-®-S®
XpI-Iƒ°v Xpey-amb At{]m-{]n-tbj≥
h¿≤n-∏n-°-W-sa∂ A`y¿∞\,
Xt±i kzbw-`-cW ÿm]-\-Øns‚
sk{I-´dn _‘-s∏´ Pn√m/k_v {Sjdn
Hm^o-k¿°v \¬tI-≠-XmWv.''
XpI \jvS-s∏-Sp-sa∂ `b-Øm¬ X\-
Xp-^≠v A°u-≠n¬ C{]-Im-c-ap≈
XpI-Iƒ kq£n-°p-∂-h-cp≠v. {Sj-dn-bn¬
\n∂pw hmßnb "_n' ^≠v XpI X\-
Xp-^-≠n-\p≈ _mv A°u-≠n-en´v
sN°v hgn ]n≥h-en®v sNe-hp-sN-øp-∂hcp-ap≠v.
CXn-s\m∂pw \nb-a-km-[p-Xbn√.
ap≥h¿j-ß-fn¬ hmßnb XpI
Xncn-®-S-®m¬
F, _n, kn ^≠p-I-fn¬ GXp
^≠m-bmepw ap≥h¿j-ß-fnse XpIbmWv
Xncn-®-S-bv°p-∂-sX-n¬ AXv
I¨tkm-fn-tU-‰Uv ^≠n-em-bn-cn-°Ww.
12.4.2006 se DØ-c-hnse _‘-s∏´
JfinI Xmsg tN¿°p∂p.
""10.3, F._n.kn ^≠p-I-fn¬ \n∂v
XpI ]n≥h-en-®Xv GsX-nepw ap≥h¿
j-am-sW-n¬ I¨tkm-fn-tU-‰Uv ^≠nte°v
Nem≥ aptJ\ Xncn-®-S-bv°Ww.
XpI ]n≥h-en-°p-Itbm {Sm≥kv^¿
s{IUn‰v sNøp-Itbm sNbvXXv I¨tkmfn-tU-‰Uv
^≠nse GXv taP¿/k_v ta
P¿ slUn¬ \n∂mtWm, AtX slUn
\p Iogn-ep≈ ""911 - Ipd-bv°pI ˛ A[n-
I-s®-ehv Xncn-®-S-bv°¬'' (911 - Deduct -
Recovery of over payments) F∂ slUv
Hm^v A°u-≠n-em-bn-cn-°Ww C{]-
Imcw Xncn-®-S-bvt°-≠Xv.''
aq∂v DZm-l-c-W-߃ Xmsg-sIm-Sp-
°p∂p.
1. 2007-˛-08 tem AXn-\p-aptºm A[nIw
hmßn-b-sXm-gn-en-√mbva thX\w 2008-
˛09 ¬ Xncn-®-S-bv°p-tºmƒ:
""2230-˛02-˛911 Deduct - ROP.''
2. 2206-˛07 tem 2007˛- 08 tem A[nIw
hmßnb hnI-k-\-^≠v 2008 -˛ 09 ¬
Xncn-®-S-bv°p-tºmƒ:
""3604 - 00 - 911 Deduct - ROP.''
3. 2005˛ 06 tem AXn-\p-aptºm hmßnb
πm≥^≠v 2006˛- 07 tem AXn-\p-tijtam
Xncn-®-S-bv°p-tºmƒ :
""2515 ˛ 00 ˛- 911 ˛- Deduct ROP.''
(XpScpw)
te-J-I≥ GPokv Hm^o-kn¬ \n∂pw
ko\nb¿ HmUn‰v Hm^o-k-dmbn hnc-an-®p.
Ct∏mƒ HmUn‰v I¨kƒ´‚m-Wv.
samss_¬: 9447454221
�
tUm. tXmakv h¿§okv MBBS, DCH, DPH, PHD
Nn°≥t]mIvkv
Nn°≥t]mIvkv th\¬°m-eØv
k¿Δ-km-[m-c-W-amb tcmK-amWv. P\phcn
apX¬ Pq¨h-sc-bp≈ amk-ß-fnemWv
CXp-Iq-Sp-X-ep-≠m-Ip-∂Xv. Varicella
Zoster (thcn-k√ tkmÿ) AWphmWv
Cu tcmKw ]c-Øp-∂Xv. 1767
¬ tUm. hneyw sl_¿U-\mWv Cu
tcmKw I≠p-]n-Sn-®Xv. s]mXpsh \ncp-
]-{Z-h-I-c-amb tcmK-am-Wn-sX-nepw
{]ta-l-tcm-Kn-Iƒ, K¿`n-Wn-Iƒ, \h-Pm-
X-in-ip-°ƒ, FbvUvkv tcmKn-Iƒ,
Im≥k¿ tcmKn-Iƒ°v CXv ac-W-Im-c-
W-am-tb°mw.
tcmK-e-£-W-߃
1. t{]mt{Um-a¬ ]ncn-bnUv
(Prodromal period)
{]mcw-`-L-´-Øn¬ sNdnb ]\n
D≠mIpw. Ipan-f-Iƒ s]m¥p-∂-Xn\p
ap≥]v Ht∂m-ct≠m Znhkw ]\n ImWs∏Spw.
2. Ipan-f-Iƒ (Rashes)
2˛-4 an.ao. hen-∏-ap≈ Ipan-f-Iƒ 7
Znhkw hsc ImW-s∏-Sp∂p.
v
\n∂pw, hmbn¬ \n∂p-ap≈ {Zmh-I-߃ sNmdn-®n¬ Ipd-bv°m≥ t\¿Ø
c≠p-X-c-Øn-emWv C°m-cysØ
kao-]n-t°-≠Xv:
1. hmßnb AtX kmº-Øn-I-h¿jw
Xncn-®-S-®m¬;
2. ap≥h¿jß-fn¬ hmßnb XpI-Iƒ
Xncn-®-S-®m¬.
hmßnb AtX kmº-Øn-I-h¿jw
Xs∂ Xncn-®-S-®m¬
"F', "kn' ^≠p-I-fn¬ \n∂v A[nIw
hmßnb XpI AtX kmº-Øn-I-h¿jw
Xs∂-bmWv Xncn-®-S-bv°p-∂-sX-n¬
]ªnIv A°u-≠nse AtX slUn¬
Xncn-®-S-bv°Ww. "_n' ^≠v XpI-bmWv
C{]-Imcw Xncn-®-S-bv°p-∂-sX-n¬ I¨
tkm-fn-tU-‰Uv ^≠nse GXv slUv Hm
^v A°u-≠n¬ \n∂p hmßntbm AtX
slUv Hm^v A°u-≠n¬ Xncn-®-S-bv
°Ww.
C{]-Imcw Xncn-®-S-®m¬ "_n' ^≠v
XpI-Iƒ \jvS-s∏Spw F∂ [mcW Nne
Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-ß-fn-tebpw
Nne {Sj-dn-I-fn-tebpw DtZym-K-ÿ¿°v
D≈-Xmbn Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°-s∏-´n-´p≠v.
Ah-cpsS {i≤-bv°mbn 12.4.2006-se
PnH(]n) 177/2006/^n≥ \º¿ k¿°m¿
DØ-c-hnse _‘-s∏´ JfinI Xmsg
sImSp-°p∂p:
MACULE (amIyqƒ) Npa∂ XSp∏v, PAPPULE
(]m∏yqƒ) Ipcp-°ƒ, VESICLE (Ipanf),
PUSTULE (]pÃyqƒ) ]gp∏v, SCB (kvIm_v)
DW-°p-Iƒ F∂n-ßs\ ]e L´-Ønembn
Ipan-f-Iƒ amdp∂p.
ISpØ ico-c-th-Z\, hnd-b¬, £o
Ww F∂nh A\p-`-h-s∏Smw. Nn°≥t]m
hgnbpw, tcmKn Npa-bv°p-∂-Xp-aq-ehpw
Cu tcmKw ]Icmw.
C≥Iyp-t_-j≥ ]ncn-bnU
INCUBATION PERIOD
Nn°≥t]m-Ivkns‚ C≥Iyp-t_j≥
]ncn-bnUv 15 apX¬ 25 Znhkw hscbmWv.
ko¿Æ-X-Iƒ (Complications)
� Ipan-f-Iƒ ]gp-°¬
� t{Xmwt_m-ssk-t‰m-]o-\nb
(Thrombocytopenia) F∂ tcmKw h∂v
c‡-{kmhw D≠mImw.
� td knt{≠mw (Rey Syndrome) F∂
Xe-t®m-dn\p _m[n-°p∂ AkpJw
D≠mImw.
� K¿`n-Wn-I-fn¬ Nn°≥t]mIvkv h∂m
¬ K¿`-ÿ-in-ip-hn\v AwK-ssh-I-eyßfpw
P∑-ssh-I-ey-ßfpw D≠mImw.
IÆn\pw Xe-t®m-dn\pw XI-cm-dp-
≠mImw.
NnIn’
Nn°≥t]mIvkv tcmKn-Iƒ [mcmfw
]g-h¿§-߃ Ign-°p-∂Xv \∂mWv. hn´pam-dmØ
O¿±n, a\w-]p-c-´¬ ImcWw icoc-Øp-\n∂pw
AanX Pew \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂-
Xn-\m¬ IqSp-X¬ sh≈w IpSn-°p-∂Xv
DØ-a-amWv. t\¿Ø ]\n°v ]mc-k-‰tamƒ
Kpfn-I-Iƒ Ign°mw.
NqSp-sh-≈-Øn¬ CSbv°p Ipfn-°p-
∂Xv \√-XmWv. B‚n lnÃ-an≥
(ANTIHISTAMINE) Kpfn-I-Iƒ Ign-°p-∂-XneqsS
sNmdn-®n¬ AI-‰m≥ Ignbpw.
temjntbm Iem-an≥ (LOTIOCAlAMI NE)
F∂ acp∂p ico-c-Øn¬ (IÆpw apJhpw
HgnsI) ]pc´mw. Nn°≥t]mIvkv tcmKn-
Iƒ Bkv]n-cn≥ (Aspirin) D]-tbm-Kn-
°m≥ ]mSp-≈-X√. D]-tbm-Kn-®m¬ td
kn≥t{Umw F∂ amc-I-tcmKw ]nSns]Spw.
{]Xn-tcm[ hmIvkn≥
Varicella Vaccine (thcn-k√ hmIv
kn≥) 15 amk-Øn-\p-ap-I-fn¬ {]mb-ap≈
Ip´n-Iƒ°v H‰ tUmkv hmIvkn≥ \ev
Ip∂p. 12 hb- n\p apI-fn-ep-≈-h¿°v 1-2
amkw CS-hn´v c≠m-a-sXmcp tUmkp-
IqSn \evIWw. 1000 PFU (Plague forming
Unit) i‡n-bp≈ hmIvkn≥ 0.5 an√n sXmen-
°-Sn-bn-emWv IpØn-sh-bv°p-∂Xv. CXpaqew
Bbp-jv°mew kwc-£Ww
e`n°pw.
ep°o-anb tcmKn-Iƒ, Daycare se
Ip´n-Iƒ, tlmÃ-ep-I-fn¬ Xma-kn-
°p∂ Ip´n-Iƒ, BtcmKy {]h¿Ø-I¿
Nn°≥t]mIvkv hmIvkn-s\-Sp-°p-∂Xv
\√-XmWv. AΩbv°v Cu acp-∂p-sIm-
Sp-°p-∂Xv K¿`-ÿ-in-ip-hn\v Hcp kwc-
£-Whpw \evIp-∂n√.
""10.2. C{]-Imcw Xncn-®-S® XpI AtX
h¿jsØ D]-tbm-K-Øn-\mbn e`y-am-bncn°pw.
CØcw tIkp-I-fn¬, Xm\pw a‰v
Ivkv Ipan-f-I-fn¬ sNmdn-p-s]m-´¬
k¿Δ-km-[m-c-W-amWv. sXmen-kv]¿i-
Øn-eq-sSbpw, tcmKn-bpsS aq°n¬
ACYCLOVIR (Assk-t¢m-hn¿) F∂
acp∂pw tUmIvS-dpsS \n¿t±-im-\p-kcWw
Ign°mw.
(teJI≥
\KcImcyhIp∏nse BtcmKyhn`mKw
tPmbn‚ UbdIvSdmW)v
�
3 4 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
3 5

Xan-gv\m-´p-Im¿ Hcn-°epw ad-°mØ
Hcp cmPm-hmWv hoc-]m-fiy-I-´-s_m-Ω≥
F∂v Ign e°-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-°p-
I-bp-≠m-bs√m. Cu \ma-t[bw \ΩpsS
hoc-cm-Py-kvt\-ln-I-fpsS ]´n-I-bn¬ Dƒ
s∏-Sp∂p. Hcp {Kma-Øn-emWv I´-s_m-
Ωs‚ sIm´mcw.
ap≥]v Xncps\¬then Pn√-bpsS
`mK-am-bn-cp∂ XqØp-°pSnbnse Hcp
AXn¿Øn {Kma-amWv Hm´-]n-Smcw. XqØp-
°pSn Pn√-bn¬ s]mXpsh hc≠ {]tZi-ß-fmWv.
\ndsb ap≈pIfp≈ sNdnb
ac-߃ (Ip‰n-s®-Sn-Iƒ) hym]-I-ambn
]S¿∂v ]¥-en®v \n¬°p∂ ka-X-e-Xcniv
{]tZ-i-߃ XqØp-°pSn Pn√-bn¬
an°-hmdpw F√m-bn-SØpw ImWmw. Cu
Pn√-bpsS Nne {Kma-ß-fn¬ IpSn-sh-≈-
Øn\v ISpØ £ma-hp-ap≠v. AhnsS sN√ptºmƒ
A\p-{K-lo-X-amb tIc-f-Øns‚
{]tXy-IX \mw s]s´∂v Hm¿°pw. Xan-gv
\m-´nse Hcp {][m\ D∏fw (D∏v Dev∏m-
Zn-∏n-°p∂ {]tZiw) XqØp-°pSn Pn√bn-emWv.
ssaep-I-tfmfw Zqc-Øn¬
hym]n®p InS-°p∂ D∏-f-ß-fn¬ shbne-Sn-°p-tºmƒ
B `mKØp IqSn-bp≈
bm{X A -l-\obw Xs∂. av ae-
I-fn¬ shbn-e-Sn-°p-tºm-gp-≠m-Ip∂
_p≤n-ap´v Chn-sSbpw D≠m-Ip∂p. Hm´-]n-
Smcw D∏-f-߃°v kao-]-ap≈ Hcp {KmaamWv.
Hm´-]n-Sm-c-Øn\v 20 Intem-ao-‰¿ AIse-bmWv
XqØp-°pSn Pn√-bnse D∏-f߃.
teJ\ ]cºc ˛ 6
tdmbv Nmt°m CfaÆq¿
{_n´o-jp-Im¿°v FXnsc t]mcmSn [oca-cWw
{]m]n® I´-s_m-Ω≥ F∂ hoc-
]p-{Xs‚ t]cv hfsc A`n-am-\-tØm-sSbmWv
Xan-gv\m-´p-Im¿ kvacn-°p-∂Xv.
1760 P\p-hcn 3-˛mw Xob-Xn-bmWv I´s_m-Ω≥
P\n-®Xv. Hm´-]n-Sm-c-Øp≈
sIm´m-c-Øn¬ Xma-kn®v 96 {Kma-ßfpsS
Xe-h-\mbn At±lw hmW-cpfn.
30˛mw asØ hb- n-emWv At±lw
cmPm-hmbn Ah-tcm-[n-°-s∏-´Xv. {_n´ojvIm¿°v
FXnsc t]mcmSn Poh-c-£m
¿∞w Hfn-hn¬ t]mb I´-s_m-Ωs\
{_n´o-jvIm¿ ]nSn-IqSn 1799 HIvtSm-_¿
16˛mw -Xo-bXn Ib-Øm¿ F∂ ÿeØv
h®v ]c-ky-ambn Xq°n-s°m∂p. I´-s_m-
Ω\v A∂v 39 hb v am{Xw.
Ib-Øm¿ F∂ {Kmaw Xncp-\¬then
˛ a[pc tZiob ]mX-bn-emWv. Xncp-\¬
th-en-bn¬ \n∂pw ap°m¬ aWn-°q¿
bm{X sNbvXm¬ Ib-Øm-dn¬ FØmw.
tIc-f-Ønse tZiob ]mX-Iƒ t]mseb√
Xan-gv\m-´nse tZiob ]mX-Iƒ. hfhp-Iƒ
Ipd-hmWv. Xcniv `qan-bn-eqsS
IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn-\m¬ P\-߃, IS-
Iƒ F∂nhaqew KXm-KX XS w C√.
CS-bv°nsS ]´-W-߃ Ipd-hm-b-Xn-\m¬
{Sm^nIv Pmw Ipd-hmWv. \√ tdmUmWv.
ag Ipd-hm-b-Xn-\m¬ tdmUn¬ K´-dp-Iƒ
C√. \√ hoXn-bp≈ at\m-l-c-amb ]mX-
Iƒ. tdmUn-\n-cp-h-ihpw XW¬ hr£ßfpw
[mcmfw. Bb-Xn-\m¬ \´p-®bv°v
bm{X sNbvXmepw A{Xbv°v NqSv Adn-
bn√. IqSmsX ka-\n-c∏v `qan Bb-Xn-
\m¬ \√ Im‰pw e`n°pw. F∂m¬ an°hmdpw
F√m _kp-I-fnepw •mkv Bb-
Xn-\m¬ ]pd-Øp-\n-∂p≈ Im‰v icn°pw
Bkz-Zn-°p-hm≥ bm{X-°m-c\v km[n-°p-
∂n√. am¿®v apX¬ Pq¨ hsc Xan-gv\m-
´n¬ ITn-\-amb NqSv Bb-Xn-\m¬ hml-\߃°v
•mkv D≠m-bm¬ am{Xta NqSv
Im‰n¬ \n∂pw s]mSn-°m-‰n¬ \n∂pw c£bp≈p
F∂-Xn-\m-emWv Ahn-SpsØ F√m
_kp-I-fnepw •mkv ^n‰v sNbvXn-cn-°p-
∂Xv. lpan-Un-‰nbpw AhnsS Ipd-hmWv.
I´-s_m-Ω≥ cmPm-hns\ Xq°nsIm∂
ÿew tZiob kvamc-I-ambn Ib-
Øm-dn¬ kwc-£n-°p∂p. tZio-b-]m-XtbmSv
hfsc tN¿∂mWv Cu kvamcIw
F∂-Xn-\m¬ tdmUn-eqsS t]mIp-∂-h¿
s°√mw ChnSw ImWmw. I´-s_m-Ωs‚
Hfn-k-tXw {_n´o-jp-Im¿°v H‰n-s°m-
Sp-ØXv C´-b-∏≥ F∂ hy‡n-bmWv.
C´-b-∏-\n¬ \n∂mWv C´-b-]pcw F∂
ÿe-t]-cp-≠m-bXv. C´-b-∏≥ Hcp bqZmkmbn
amdn-b-t∏mƒ C´-b-∏s‚ ÿew
C´-b-]pcw Bbn Adn-b-s∏-Sm≥ XpSßn.
Xncp-\¬th-en-bn¬ \n∂pw tZio-b-
]m-X-bn-eqsS Hm´-∏n-Sm-cØv FØp-hm≥
30 Intem-ao-‰¿ am{X-ta-bp≈p. {_n´ojv
]ocn B{I-a-W-Øn¬ Hm´-∏n-Sm-c-Øp≈
I´-s_m-Ωs‚ sIm´mcw XI¿∂v t]mbncp∂p.
Ct∏mƒ AXns‚ ASn-Ød am{Xta-bp≈p.
Hcp tZiob kvamc-I-am-WnXv.
XqØp-°pSn Pn√-bnse {][m\ kμ¿
Ib-Øm-dnse tZiob kvamc-Iw
i\ tI{μ-amWv Hm´-]n-Smcw sIm´mcw.
XI¿∂p-t]mb sIm´m-c-Øns‚ ASn-Ødbv°v
kao]w ]pXnb kvamcIw ]Wn-
Xn-´p≠v.
Hm´-]n-Smcw F∂ ÿew Ncn-{X-{]-kn-
≤-am-sW-nepw HcmgvN AhnsS Xmakn®v
Rm≥ I≠ Nne {KmaoW hmkn-
I-fpsS ""]cn-kc aen-\o-I-cW {]{Inb''
sb°p-dn®v Fgp-Xm-Xn-cn-°m≥ km[n-°p-
∂n√.
Hm´-∏n-Sm-c-Ønse Xma-k-Øn-\n-S-
bn¬ Hcp Znhkw cmhnse Nmb IpSn-
°m-\mbn R߃ Ahn-SpsØ sIm®v
Ih-e-bn-te°v Po∏n¬ bm{X-bmbn. PwKv
j-\n-te°v Ipd®v Zqc-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p. {Kma-
]m-X-bn-eq-sS-bmWv s]mbvs°m-≠n-cp-∂Xv.
]IpXn hgn-bm-b-t∏mƒ ss{Uh¿ ]dp
""km¿, C¥ hgntb t]mI-ap-Sn-bmXv.
{^≠v ]mØnSv km¿''
CXns‚ ae-bmfw A¿∞w ""km¿
Cu hgn-bn-eqsS t]mIm≥ km[n-°n√.
Imc-W-a-dn-b-W-sa-n¬ apt∂m´p t\m
°pI'' F∂mWv. Rm≥ apt∂m´v t\m°n.
]ns∂ t\m°n-b-Xp-an√. h∂-Xp-t]mse
h≠n Xncn®p t]mIs´ F∂p ]dp.
ss{Uh¿ \nan-j-߃°p-≈n¬ B {]tZi-Øp-\n∂pw
Fs∂ ""c£n®p''.
(XpScpw)
(teJI≥ Xangv\m´n¬ ^o¬Uv
]ªnkn‰n B^okdmbncp∂p. Ct∏mƒ
Xncph\¥]pcw BImihmWnbn¬ \yqkv
FUn‰dmW)v
�
3 6 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
3 7

ap\n-kn-∏¬ tIma¨
k¿Δo-kn¬ 97 A[nI
XkvXn-I-Iƒ A\p-h-Zn®p
^mÃv {Sm°v kwhn-[m-\-Øn¬
`qan Gs‰-Sp-°m≥ A\p-aXn
kv{XoIƒ°v tSmbve‰v Iw
dn´-b-dnwKv dqw ]≤Xn
hm¿ØIfpw hntijßfpw
ap≥kn-∏¬ tIma¨ k¿Δo-kn¬ 97 A[nI XkvXn-I-Iƒ krjvSn-°m≥ Kh¨sa‚ v
Xocp-am-\n-®-Xmbn Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW hIp∏v a{¥n ]mtemfn apl-ΩZv Ip´n Adn-bn®p.
sIm√w, Xr»q¿ \K-c-k-`-Isf sXm´-SpØ {Kma-]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ Iq´n-t®¿Øv 1999-¬
tIm¿∏-td-j-\p-I-fm-°p-I-bp-≠mbn. F∂m¬ tIm¿∏-td-j-\p-Iƒ°v A\n-hm-cy-ambpw
D≠m-bn-cn-t°≠ XkvXn-I-Iƒ A\p-h-Zn-®n-cp-∂n√. CXp-aqew `cW \n¿Δ-l-W-Ønepw
hnI-k\ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn\pw sIm√w, Xr»q¿ tIm¿∏-td-j-\p-Iƒ°v {]bmkw
t\cn´p. C°mcyw ]cn-K-Wn-®mWv sIm√w tIm¿∏-td-j-\n¬ 48 Dw Xr»q¿ tIm¿∏-tdj-\n¬
49 Dw XkvXn-I-Iƒ krjvSn-°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-®Xv. XkvXn-I-Ifpw, FÆhpw NphsS.
kq{]-≠nwKv F©n-\o-b¿ ˛ c≠v, dh\yq Hm^o-k¿ ˛ c≠v, Iu¨kn¬ sk{I-´dn ˛
c≠v, Pq\n-b¿ kq{]≠v ˛ Bdv, sl¬Øv C≥kvs]-IvS¿ t{KUv II ˛- c≠v, tIm¨^n-
U≥jy¬ Akn- v ˛ c≠v, ]n.Uªnbp.H. t{KUv II - \mev, Pq\n-b¿ sl¬Øv
C≥kvs]-IvS¿ t{KUv II - 14, h¿°v kq{]≠v ˛ aq∂v, sSe-t^m¨ Hm∏-td-‰¿ ˛ H∂v,
]yq¨ ˛ H∂v, sU]yq´n sk{I-´dn ˛ c≠v, A°u≠vkv B^o-k¿ ˛ H∂v, Akn-Â v
Su¨ πm\¿ ˛ H∂v, s^b¿ tIm∏n kq{]≠v ˛ c≠v, sl¬Øv C≥kvs]-IvS¿ t{KUv
I -˛ \mev, bp.Un. ¢m¿°v ˛ 17, ]n.Uªyq.H. t{KUv I ˛ aq∂v, Pq\n-b¿ sl¬Øv
C≥kvs]-IvS¿ {KUv I -˛ aq∂v, temh¿ Unhn-j≥ ¢m¿°v ˛ 16, sh‰n-\dn k¿P≥ ˛ H∂v,
dn°m¿Uv A‰≥U¿ ˛ H∂v, Ce-Iv{So-jy≥ ˛ H∂v, sIm√w, Xriq¿ hnI-k\ AtXm-dn-‰n-
I-fnse 28 hnhn[ XkvXn-I-Iƒ Cu c≠p tIm¿∏-td-j-\p-I-fn¬ ]p\¿hn-\y-kn-°p-∂-
Xm-sW∂v a{¥n Adn-bn®p. A[nI XkvXn-I-Iƒ A\p-h-Zn-®Xp aqew Hcp tImSn ap∏-
Øn-\mev e£w cq]-bpsS A[nI _m≤yX Cu c≠v tIm¿∏-td-j-\p-Iƒ°v D≠m-Ipsa∂pw
a{¥n ]dp.
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw \K-c-Ønse amen\y \n¿Ωm¿÷\ ]≤-Xn°pw sIm®n \K-c-Ønse
IpSn-sh≈ ]≤-Xn°pw Bh-iy-amb `qan ^mÃv {Sm°v kwhn-[m-\-Øn¬ Gs‰-Sp-°m≥
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw, sIm®n tIm¿∏-td-j-\p-Iƒ°v A\p-aXn \¬In. Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp
\Kc ]p\-cp-≤m-cW ]≤-Xn°pw kpÿnc \Kc hnI-k\ ]≤-Xn°pw th≠n-bmWv
`qan Gs‰-Sp-°p-∂Xv. Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw Pn√-bn¬ ta\w-Ipfw, B‰n{], IS-Iw-]≈n, D≈q¿,
Xncp-h√w, t\aw hnt√-Pp-I-fn-sebpw Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv amdmSv, sX°pw-`mKw, aW-°pfw,
apf-¥p-cpØn, ]ndhw hnt√-Pp-I-fn-sebpw hyXykvX k¿th \º-dp-I-fnse ÿew
Gs‰-Sp-°m-\mWv k¿°m¿ A\p-aXn \¬In-bXv.
kwÿm\ h\nXm hnI-k\ tIm¿∏-td-j≥, Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-ß-fp-ambn
tN¿∂v XpS-ßp∂ kv{XoIƒ°m-bp≈ tSmbve‰v Iw dn´-b-dnwKv dqap-Iƒ Bcw-`n-°-Wsa-∂p≈
Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW ÿm]-\-߃°v At]-£n°mw. tIm¿∏-td-j≥, ap\n-kn-
∏m-en‰n, F t{KUv ]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ F∂n-hn-S-ß-fnse _kv Ãm≥Up-Iƒ, a‰p Xnct°-dnb
{]tZ-i-߃ F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn-emWv XpS-ßpI. Bh-iy-amb ÿew Xt±-i-ÿm-
]-\-߃ \¬IWw. sI´nS \n¿Ωm-W-Øn-\p≈ sNehv h\nXm hnI-k\ tIm¿∏-tdj≥
hln°pw. h\nXm kzbw-k-lmb kwL-߃, h\nXm kwcw-`-I¿ F∂n-h¿°mbn-cn-°Ww
\S-Øn∏q Npa-Xe. tSmbve‰v, dn´-b-dnwKv dqw kuI-cy-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n®v
Hmtcm {]tZ-i-Øn\pw Bh-iy-am-bXpw A[n-I-h-cp-am\w Is≠-Øm-\m-Ip-∂-Xp-amb
A\p-_‘ _nkn-\-kp-Ifpw Bcw-`n°pw. A\p-_‘ hcp-am\ km[y-X-I-fpsS hni-
Zmwiw Dƒs∏sS amt\-PnMv Ub-d-IvS¿, tIcf kwÿm\ h\nXm hnI-k\ tIm¿∏td-j≥,
‰n.kn. 20/2170, a≥tam-l≥ _w•m-hn\v FXn¿hiw, Ih-Sn-bm¿ ]n.H. Xncp-h-
\-¥-]pcw ˛ 695 003 hnem-k-Øn¬ At]-£n-°Ww.
h\-Øn¬ Xma-kn-°p∂
]´n-I-PmXn/ h¿§ hn`m-K-°m¿°v
C≥jz-d≥kv
]cn-c£
{]mYanImhiy߃°p≈
kuIcy߃
s]mXpP\߃°v \¬IWw
_n¬UnwKv kq∏¿sshkdpsS
ssek≥kv
d±psNbvXp
h\-ß-fn¬ Xma-kn-°p∂ ]´n-I-PmXn/ h¿§-Øn¬s∏-´-h¿°v h\w hIp∏v C≥jz-d≥kv
kwc-£Ww \¬Ipw. bpssW-‰Uv C¥y C≥jz-d≥kp-ambn kl-I-cn®v \S-∏m-°p∂
]≤-Xn-{]-Imcw Bip]{Xn NnIn’m˛ hy‡n-KX A]-IS C≥jz-d≥kv ]cn-c-£-bmhpw
e`y-am-hpI. h\y-Po-hn-I-fpsS B{I-a-W-Øn¬ ac-W-s∏-Sp-Itbm AwK-ssh-Ieyw kw`hn-°p-Itbm
sNøp∂ BZn-hm-kn-Iƒ A√m-Ø-h¿°pw B\p-Iqeyw e`n°pw. A]-I-Sß-fn¬s∏t´m
h\y-Po-hn-I-fpsS B{I-aWw aqetam ac-W-s∏-Sp-Itbm AwK-ssh-Ieyw
kw`-hn-°p-Itbm sNøp∂ h\-ß-fnepw Acn-Inepw Xma-kn-°p∂ ]´n-I-PmXn/h¿§
hn`m-K-°m¿°v C≥jz-d≥kv ]cn-c£ e`n°pw. H∂v apX¬ 10hb p hsc 10000/- cq]
hsc, 11 apX¬ 20 hsc 25000 cq] hsc, 21 apX¬ 50 hsc 75000 cq] hsc, 50 \v apIfn¬
50000 cq] hsc. h\-Øn-\p-≈nepw Acn-sIbpw Xma-kn-°p∂ ]´n-I-PmXn h¿§
hn`m-K-Øn¬s∏´ Bfp-Isf tcmKw aqetam A]-ISw aqetam Bip-]-{Xn-bn¬ InSØn
NnIn-’n-t°≠n h∂m¬ sNe-hp-Iƒ°mbn Hcmƒ°v 1000 cq]-h-scbpw Bip-]-{Xn-bntebv°pw
Xncn-®p-ap≈ bm{Xm-sN-e-hp-Iƒ°mbn 500 cq] hscbpw {]Xn-h¿jw e`n°pw.
{]IrXn Zpc-¥-߃ aqetam, Im´p-ar-K-ß-fpsS B{I-aWw aqetam IpSn¬ \„-s∏´v
h\-ß-fn¬ Xma-kn-°p∂ ]´n-I-PmXn h¿§-°m¿°v {]Xn-h¿jw 5000 cq]-bpsS kamizm-k-Øn\v
A¿l-X-bp≠v. ]´n-I-PmXn h¿§-Øn¬s∏-SmØ Bfp-I-f-S°w ISph, ]pen,
Im´p-t]mØv, IcSn, Im´m\, Im´p-]∂n F∂o h\y-ar-K-ß-fpsS B{I-a-W-Øn¬ ac-
Wtam AwK-ssh-I-eytam kw`hn°p-∂-h¿°pw ]≤Xn {]Imcw \„-]-cn-lm-c-Øn\v
A¿l-X-bp≠v. hnh-c-Øn\v ASpØ h\w Unhn-j-\p-ambn _‘-s∏Smw.
{]mYanI Bhiy߃°p≈ kuIcy߃ s]mXpP\߃°p bYmhn[n
Dd∏phcpØWsa∂v k¿°m¿ \n¿t±in®p. s]mXpP\߃ km[mcWbmbn
D]tbmKn°p∂ tlm´epIƒ, dtÃmd‚pIƒ, tjm∏nwKv tImπIv pIƒ, ^yph¬ tÃj
\pIƒ, _kv Ãm‚pIƒ, am¿°‰pIƒ F∂nhnSßfn¬ ]eXnepw {]mYanI Bhiy
߃°p≈ kuIcy߃ A]cym]vXamWv. s]mXpP\߃°mbn \o°n h®ncn°p∂
tSmbve‰pIfpw, _mØvdqapIfpw ]e hy‡nIfpw ssIøS°n kzImcy BhiyØn\mbn
D]tbmKn®phcp∂Xv k¿°mcns‚ {i≤bn¬s∏´n´p≠v. IqSmsX s]mXp tSmbve‰pIfpw,
_mØvdqapIfpw hrØnbm°msXbpw, sh≈hpw shfn®hpan√msXbpw, IXIpIfn√m
sXbpw, ]q´pIƒ C√msXbpw, kwc£n°s∏SmsX InS°p∂p. C°mcWßfm¬ hfsc
tbsd _p≤nap´pIƒ s]mXpP\w t\cnSp∂p≠v. AXn\m¬ Ch Xt±ikzbw`cW
ÿm]\ sk{I´dnam¿ ]cntim[nt°≠Xpw Bhiyamb I¿i\ \S]SnIƒ kzoIcn
t°≠XpamWv. CtX∏‰n 13 \n¿t±ißfSßnb k¿°pe¿ ]pds∏Sphn®n´p≠v. CXnse
\n¿t±i߃ ]men®v Hmtcm aq∂v amkØnepw, dnt∏m¿´v Xt±ikzbw`cW hIp∏v
sk{I´dn°v \¬IWw. (5/4/2008 se 23803/Unkn2/08/Xkz`h \º¿ k¿°pe¿)
sX‰mb sI´nS\n¿ΩmW πm≥ Xømdm°n \Kck`bv°v \¬In s]¿an‰v
kwLSn∏n°p∂Xn\v Iq´p\n∂ _n¬UnwKv kq∏¿sshkdpsS ssek≥kv \KcImcy
UbdIvS¿ d±p sNbvXp. A\[nIrX \n¿ΩmWw XSbp∂Xns‚ `mKambn Kh¨sa‚ v
\nch[n Poh\°mcpsS t]cn¬ \S]SnsbSp°pIbpw A\[nIrX \n¿ΩmW߃
s]mfn®pam‰pIbpw sNbvXphcnIbmWv. s]cpºmhq¿ \Kck`bn¬\S°p∂ A\
[nIrX \n¿ΩmWØns\Xnsc \S]Sn kzoIcn°Wsa∂mhiys∏´psIm≠v Xt±i
kzbw`cW hIp∏v a{¥n°v ]cmXn e`n®ncp∂p. At\zjWØn¬ ]cmXnbn¬ Nq≠n
°mWn® Imcy߃ icnbmsW∂v Is≠ØpIbpw sI´nS\n¿ΩmWØn\v \¬Inb
s]¿an‰v d±m°pIbpw sNbvXp. A\[nIrX \n¿ΩmWØn\v klmbIamIp∂ hn[Øn¬
kXyk‘a√mØ hn[w πm≥ hc®v \¬Ip∂ _n¬UnwKvv kq∏¿sshk¿amcpsSbpw
F©n\ob¿amcpsSbpw _n¬UnwMv ssek≥kv d±p sNøpsa∂v Kh¨sa‚ v t\ctØ
hy‡am°nbncp∂p. CXns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ sX‰mbn πm≥ Xømdm°n \¬Inb
kq∏¿sshkdpsS t]cnepw \S]SnsbSp°Wsa∂v Kh¨sa‚ v \KcImcy UbdIvS¿°v
\n¿t±iw \¬In. Cu \n¿tZiØns‚ shfn®ØnemWv ap\nkn∏¬ N´ßƒ ]men°msX
sX‰mb πm≥ hc®v \¬In s]cpºmhq¿ \Kck`bn¬\n∂v s]¿an‰v kºmZn°p∂Xn\v
DØchmZnbmb ]n._n. A\n¬Ipamdns‚ ssek≥kv \KcImcy UbdIvS¿ d±p sNbvXXv.
CØcØn¬ sX‰mb πm≥ hc®v hnhn[ \Kck`Ifn¬ \n∂v s]¿an‰v t\Sp∂Xn\pØc
hmZnIfmbhcpsS ssek≥kpIƒ At\zjWØns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ d±p sNøp∂Xn\p
Kh¨sa‚ v \KcImcyUbdIvS¿°v \n¿t±iw \¬Inbn´p≠v.
4 0 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
4 1

sI´n-S-Øn\v HmIyp-]≥kn k¿´n-^n-°‰v
\¬Ip-∂Xv kw_-‘n®v
tIcf k¿°m¿
\º¿.5612/B¿.Un.2/08/X.kz.`.h Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW (B¿.Un) hIp∏v
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw XobXn : 26/04/2008
k¿°p-e¿
hnjbw : Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW hIp∏v ˛ sI´nS \n¿ΩmWw ˛ tdmUp hnI-k-\-
Øns‚ `mK-ambn ÿew hn´p-sIm-Sp-Ø-h¿°v sI´n-S-Øn\v HmIyp-]≥kn
k¿´n-^n-°‰v \¬Ip-∂Xv kw_-‘n®v.
kqN\ : 6.6.2007/se Pn.H.(]n)160/07 Xkz-`h \º¿ k¿°m¿ DØ-chv.
tIc-f-Ønse F√m ]©m-b-Øp-I-fnepw 6.6.2007-se k¿°m¿ DØ-c-thm-Sp-IqSn
sI´nS \n¿ΩmW \nbaw _m[-I-am°n Ign-n-´p≠v. F∂m¬ sI´nS \n¿ΩmW
N´-߃ {Kma-]-©m-b-Øp-I-fn¬ _m[-I-am-°p-∂-Xn\v apºv 1994-se tIcf ]©mbØv
cmPv BIvSnse sk£≥ 220 _n {]Imcw 3 ao‰-dn¬ Ipd-bmØ Xpd- mb
ÿew tdmUns‚ hiØv \¬In \n¿ΩmWw Bcw`n® Nne sI´nS߃°v k¿
°mcns‚tbm Xt±ikzbw`cW ÿm]\Øns‚tbm tdmUv hnIk\w h∂tXmsS
Xpd mb ÿew 3 ao‰-dn¬ Ipd-hmbn h∂n-´p-≈-Xmbn ImWp∂p. CØcw sI´n-
S-߃°v XpS¿∂v HmIyq-]≥kn k¿´n-^n-°‰v e`n-°p-∂-Xn\v C°m-c-W-Øm¬
_p≤n-ap-´p-≠m-Ip-∂-Xmbn k¿°m-cns‚ {i≤-bn¬s]-´n-´p≠v.
k¿°m¿ Sn hnjbw hni-Z-ambn ]cn-tim-[n-°p-Ibpw, k¿°m-cn-s‚tbm Xt±i-kz-bw-`-cW
ÿm]-\-Øn-s‚tbm tdmUv hnI-k\w ImcWw 1994-se tIcf ]©mbØv
cmPv BIvSnse sk£≥ 220 _n˛¬ ewL\w h∂p-t]m-bn-´p≈ CØcw
sI´n-S-߃°v, tdmUv hoXn-Iq-´p-∂-Xn\v apºv \n¿ΩmWw Bcw-`n® ka-bØv, 3
ao‰-dn¬ Ipd-bmØ ÿew tπm´n-\p-≈n¬ tdmU-cn-In¬ \n∂pw D≠m-bn-cp∂p
F∂v ]©m-b-Øn-s‚tbm dh\yq Un∏m¿´psa‚n-s‚tbm GsX-epw tcJ-bn¬
\n∂pw ]©m-bØv sk{I-´-dn°v t_m≤y-am-Ip∂ ]£w, Ahbv°v HmIyq-]≥kn
k¿´n-^n-°‰v \¬tI-≠-XmWv. \K-cm-kq-{XW ]≤-Xn-Iƒ, kn.B¿.CkUv apXem-bh
_m[-I-am-bn-´p≈ ÿe-ß-fn¬ CØcw \n¿Ωm-W-߃ {]kvXpX \nb-a߃°v
hnt[-b-am-bn-´m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw \njvI¿jn-°p∂p.
Fkv.Fw. hnP-bm-\μv
{]n≥kn-∏¬ sk{I-´dn
P\Iob sImbvØp’hw
A¥n°mSv {Kma]©mbØnse
P\ßfn¬ `qcn`mKhpw tImƒIrjnsb
B{ibn®p Ignbp∂hcmWv. C°gn
i‡amb th\¬ agaqew s\¬s®Sn
Iƒ hoWpw s\√v apf®pw hfsctbsd
Irjn\miw kw`hn°pIbp≠mbn. ag
amdnbtijw _m°nh∂Xpw hoWv InS
°p∂Xpamb s\¬sNSnIƒ sImbvXvvvv
FSp°p∂Xn\v b{¥w Cd°m≥ ]‰mØ
kmlNcyØnepw BhiyØn\v sXmgn
emfnIsf e`n°mØ kmlNcyØnepw
A¥n°mSv {Kma]©mbØns‚ B`n
apJyØn¬ s]mXpP\ßsf ]sSp
∏n®psIm≠v sImbvØv ]cn]mSn
\SØpIbp≠mbn. Cu ]cn]mSnbpsS
DZvLmS\w ]©mbØv {]knU‚ v
F.hn. {ioh’≥ \n¿Δln®p.
]©m-bØv cmPv
(am-kn-I)
]c-ky- \n-c°v
Ih¿ Ah-km-\-]pdw (If¿) ˛ 10,000 cq]
Ih¿ t]Pv ˛ Dƒhiw (H-‰-°-f¿) ˛ 6,000 cq]
a‰p t]Pp-Iƒ ˛ ^pƒ ˛ 4,000 cq]
Ac t]Pv ˛ 2,000 cq]
�����
hm¿jnI hcn-kwJy ˛ 90 cq]
Unam‚v {Um^v‰mtbm,
aWnHm¿U-dmtbm Ab-bv°pI
�����
hnemkw
FUn-‰¿/]©m-bØv Ub-d-IvS-¿,
]©m-bØv Ub-d-IvS-td‰v,
ayqknbw ]n.-H.,
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw ˛33
4 2
Edited and Published by Dr. V.M. Gopala Menon, IAS, Director of Panchayats, Govt. of Kerala
Thiruvananthapuram - 695 033 and Printed at Gramalakshmi Mudralayam, Kanjikode, Palakkad.
]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008 ]©mbØv cmPv Pq¨ 2008
4 3

XncpØv
2008 Pq¨ e°w ]©m-bØv cmPv amkn-I-bpsS 31, 32, t]Pp-I-fn¬ A®-Sn-®n-cp∂ {Kma]©mbØpIfpsS hnIk-\-^≠v
(2007˛-08) sNe-h-gn-®-Xn¬ G‰hpw apºnepw, ]nºn-ep-ap≈ {Kma-]-©m-b-Øp-I-fpsS ]´n-I-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-
Øn-bn-cp∂ ]©m-b-Øp-Ifpw sNehv ˛ iX-am-\hpw 22.3.2008 hsc-bp≈ IW-°p-Isf ASn-ÿm-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bp-≈-
Xm-bn-cp∂p. F∂m¬ {]kvXpX IW°pIƒ 31.03.2008 hsc D≈XmWv F∂ coXnbn¬ {]kn≤oIcn°m≥
CSbmbXn¬ tJZn°p∂p. 31.3.2008 hsc-bp≈ sNe-hns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ G‰hpw, ap∂n-ep≈ 10 {Kma-]-©m-b-
Øp-I-fp-tSbpw, ]n∂nep≈ 5 {Kma-]-©m-b-Øp-I-fp-tSbpw ]´nI Xmsg tN¿°p∂p.
hnIk\ ^≠v (2007˛08) sNehgn®Xn¬ G‰hpw ap∂nepw ]n∂nepap≈ {Kma]©mbØpIƒ
1. aSnss° ˛ 95.70
2. DZpa ˛ 94.75
3 Ipºf ˛ 94.74
4. sNΩ\mSv ˛ 92.77
5. ]\ØSn ˛ 90.41
6. thm¿°mSn ˛ 87.37
7. Iøq¿Nota\n ˛ 86.08
8. ImdUp° ˛ 85.56
9. ]oent°mSv ˛ 84.74
10.Xr°cn∏q¿ ˛ 84.31
(Pn√ Xncn®v iXam\Øn¬)
Imk¿tKmUv
G‰hpw ap∂n¬ G‰hpw ]n∂n¬
1. sNºntemSv ˛ 100.00
2. thßmSv ˛ 98.71
3 ISºq¿ ˛ 97.43
4. A©c°≠n ˛ 94.63
5. sImft®cn ˛ 94.04
6. amßm´nSw ˛ 92.75
7. Nn‰mcn∏dºv ˛ 92.15
8. ]mSyw ˛ 90.18
9. t]cmhq¿ ˛ 88.80
10.sNm¢n ˛ 88.17
1. Xhnm¬ ˛ 98.81
2. am\¥hmSn ˛ 98.35
3. sh≈ap≠ ˛ 93.08
4. \q¬∏pg ˛ 92.74
5. FShI ˛ 91.14
6. ap´n¬ ˛ 90.06
7. ]\acw ˛ 88.13
8. s\≥ta\n ˛ 87.15
9. sXm≠¿\mSv ˛ 86.80
10.apss∏\mSv ˛ 86.19
IÆq¿
hb\mSv
1. ]≈n°c ˛ 55.18
2. sNf ˛ 61.40
3 apfnbm¿ ˛ 65.81
4. ]p√q¿s]cnb ˛ 68.67
5. _ZnbSp° ˛ 70.33
1. hf]´Ww ˛ 38.08
2. cma¥fn ˛ 48.24
3. Nndbv°¬ ˛ 58.41
4. N∏mc∏Shv ˛ 59.68
5. tIfIw ˛ 62.43
1. ta∏mSn ˛ 67.50
2. thß∏≈n ˛ 77.21
3 kp¬Øm≥_tØcn ˛ 79.52
4. XcntbmSv ˛ 80.07
5. ]SnmtdØd ˛ 81.12

1. amhq¿ ˛ 100.00
2. Ip‰ymSn ˛ 98.27
3. Imhnepw]md ˛ 94.48
4. \SphÆq¿ ˛ 92.08
5. Imct»cn ˛ 90.94
6. tNat©cn ˛ 90.61
7. Ingt°mØv ˛ 90.44
8. s\m®mSv ˛ 89.79
9. sImSph≈n ˛ 89.44
10.]pXp∏mSn ˛ 88.60
1. s]m≥ap≠w ˛ 100.00
2. \neºq¿ ˛ 100.00
3. tImUq¿ ˛ 99.00
4. Iogp]dºv ˛ 98.00
5. a°c]dºv ˛ 97.00
6. Xm\mfq¿ ˛ 97.00
7. aq¿°\mSv ˛ 96.00
8. Ipdph ˛ 95.00
9. t]mØpI√v ˛ 95.00
10. ]pemat¥mƒ ˛ 93.00
11. Iq´neßmSn ˛ 93.00
12. sNdnbap≠w ˛ 93.00
1. AItØØd ˛ 100.00
2. Abneq¿ ˛ 96.20
3. Imc°pdp»n ˛ 94.60
4. taem¿tImSv ˛ 93.10
5. Fe∏p≈n ˛ 93.00
6. BeØq¿ ˛ 90.90
7. FcptغXn ˛ 90.30
8. s\∑md ˛ 90.10
9. hnfbq¿ ˛ 90.00
10. sXc ˛ 90.00
1. ASm´v ˛ 100.00
2. Xr°q¿ ˛ 100.00
3. thfq°c ˛ 100.00
4. IS∏pdw ˛ 100.00
5. a‰Øq¿ ˛ 94.78
6. theq¿ ˛ 92.78
7. ssI∏dºv ˛ 90.74
8. ]cnbmcw ˛ 90.05
9. ]gb∂q¿ ˛ 90.04
10. sX°pwIc ˛ 90.03
tImgnt°mSv
ae∏pdw
]me°mSv
Xr»q¿
1. FSt®cn ˛ 56.87
2. tNf∂q¿ ˛ 61.44
3 NßtcmØv ˛ 63.09
4. XqtWcn ˛ 63.30
5. sNIymSv ˛ 63.36
1. Ip‰n∏pdw ˛ 52.00
2. sImt≠m´n ˛ 60.00
3. XncqcßmSn ˛ 61.00
4. shfnbwtImSv ˛ 62.00
5. BXh\mSv ˛ 64.00
1. s\√nbmºXn ˛ 38.60
2. amØq¿ ˛ 40.60
3. ]qt°m´pImhv ˛ 47.00
4. Nment»cn ˛ 50.00
5. Ipep°√q¿ ˛ 54.70
1. ssX°mSv ˛ 55.55
2. Acnºq¿ ˛ 56.67
3. taØe ˛ 60.63
4. Xfn°pfw ˛ 61.30
5. he∏mSv ˛ 64.06

G‰hpw ap∂n¬ G‰hpw ]n∂n¬
1. IqØm´pIpfw ˛ 100.00
2. Nq¿Æn°c ˛ 100.00
3. tNm‰m\n°c ˛ 98.76
4. ImeSn ˛ 97.04
5. Ip∂pIc ˛ 96.50
6. ]mºm°pS ˛ 95.53
7. agph∂q¿ ˛ 93.38
8. apf¥pcpØn ˛ 93.32
9. s\Spºmt»cn ˛ 88.53
10. Geq¿ ˛ 88.24
1. ASnamen ˛ 100.00
2. Bet°mSv ˛100.00
3 Ipanfn ˛ 100.00
4. ]ocptaSv ˛ 100.00
5. sh≈Øqh¬ ˛ 100.00
6. Icnp∂w ˛ 99.70
7. aq∂m¿ ˛ 99.68
8. IcnaÆq¿ ˛ 99.67
9. I´∏\ ˛ 99.17
10. adbq¿ ˛ 96.84
1. aptØmen ˛ 100.00
2. IpdhneßmSv ˛ 93.46
3. Fcptaen ˛ 93.01
4. `cWßm\w ˛ 92.93
5. Imnc∏≈n ˛ 92.55
6. IS\mSv ˛ 91.00
7. Iqtcm∏S ˛ 89.33
8. AIe°p∂w ˛ 89.21
9. ao\®n¬ ˛ 87.92
10. ]mdtØmSv ˛ 87.45
FdWmIpfw
CSp°n
tIm´bw
Be∏pg
1. tZhnIpfßc ˛ 96.08
2. ]´W°mSv ˛ 93.06
3. Nntßmen ˛ 92.43
4. amcmcn°pfw t\m¿Øv ˛ 92.04
5. h≈n°p∂w ˛ 91.84
6. Imhmew ˛ 90.16
7. Aºe∏pg t\m¿Øv ˛ 90.13
8. sNdnb\mSv ˛ 89.67
9. amthen°c Xmac°pfw ˛ 89.35
10. ]mWmh≈n ˛ 88.14
1. H°¬ ˛ 45.06
2. tNcm\√q¿ ˛ 46.84
3 Ip∂Øp\mSv ˛ 48.00
4. hShptImSv ]pØ≥Ipcniv ˛ 48.32
5. Ing°ºew ˛ 50.30
1. Ad°pfw ˛ 36.45
2. s]cph¥m\w ˛ 71.90
3 ap´w ˛ 72.53
4. ampfw ˛ 72.73
5. h≠ns∏cnbm¿ ˛ 75.47
1. Ißg ˛ 49.39
2. Xe\mSv ˛ 54.75
3. taepImhv ˛ 55.08
4. ]\®n°mSv ˛ 55.77
5. sh≈q¿ ˛ 55.90
1. ]m≠\mSv ˛ 54.45
2. tN∏mSv ˛ 59.52
3. ]pfnp∂v ˛ 62.92
4. Np\°c ˛ 63.56
5. Fgp]p∂ ˛ 65.66

G‰hpw ap∂n¬ G‰hpw ]n∂n¬
1. ]¥fwsXt°°c ˛ 95.85
2. sagpthen ˛ 95.15
3. tImbn{]w ˛ 93.26
4. sh®p®nd ˛ 93.06
5. dm∂n ]ghßmSn ˛ 92.78
6. s]cnßc ˛ 92.59
7. hSt»cn°c ˛ 91.87
8. Acphm]pew ˛ 91.49
9. s\Sp{ºw ˛ 91.29
10. h≈nt°mSv ˛ 90.75
1. ssaew ˛ 99.20
2. sIm´mc°c ˛ 95.40
3. Xrt°mhn¬h´w ˛ 95.10
4. sX∑e ˛ 94.90
5. s\Spº\ ˛ 94.60
6. ]\bw ˛ 94.40
7. a¨t{SmØpcpØv ˛ 94.30
8. FgptIm¨ ˛ 93.30
9. Gcq¿ ˛ 91.90
10. t]cbw ˛ 91.80
1. hma\]pcw ˛ 96.00
2. aebn≥Iogv ˛ 95.00
3. amd\√q¿ ˛ 95.00
4. shßm\q¿ ˛ 95.00
5. Aºqcn ˛ 94.00
6. s]cpShnf ˛ 94.00
7. _mecma]pcw ˛ 94.00
8. ]qh®¬ ˛ 93.00
9. CeIa¨ ˛ 93.00
10. Xncp]pdw ˛ 93.00
]Ø\wXn´
sIm√w
Xncph\¥]pcw
1. tXm´∏pgt»cn ˛ 62.36
2. a√∏≈n ˛ 64.26
3 ]¥fw ˛ 65.22
4. Ce¥q¿ ˛ 70.46
5. Cchnt]cq¿ ˛ 71.90
1. ]ndh¥q¿ ˛ 63.10
2. Be∏mSv ˛ 71.70
3. sIm‰wIc ˛ 72.10
4. Ipf°S ˛ 72.40
5. Icp\mK∏≈n ˛ 73.00
1. CSh ˛ 54.00
2. t]mØ≥tImSv ˛ 69.00.
3. Ig°q´w ˛ 69.00
4. sh´q¿ ˛ 70.00
5. H‰tiJcawKew ˛ 71.00
]©m-bØv Ub-d-IvS¿