3 Credits

PONDICHERRY UNIVERSITY: PUDUCHERRY 

* * * * * 

SUBRAMANIA BHARATHI 

SCHOOL OF TAMIL LANGUAGE & LITERATURE 

SYLLABUS 

M.A., (Tamil) & M.Phil.,(Tamil) 

June 2010

M.A. (TAMIL) 

HARD - CORE 

SYLLABUS

SUBRAMANIA BHARATHI 

SCHOOL OF TAMIL LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE 

Semester Course 

Code 

M.A. (Tamil) Hard Core Courses 

Name of the Course Credits 

1 st Year 1 st Semester TAML 105 Modern Literature - I 3 

TAML 305 Devotional Literature 3 

TAML 401 Tholkappiam - Ezhuthu 3 

TAML 405 Didactic Literature 3 

2 nd Semester TAML 303 Prabanthams 3 

TAML 403 Epic - I 3 

TAML 420 Tholkappiam - Sol 3 

TAML 519 Comparative Literature 3 

2 nd Year 3 rd Semester TAML 120 History of Indian Literature 3 

TAML 417 Tamil Folk Literature 3 

TAML 419 Sangam Literature 3 

TAML 501 Tholkappiam - Porul (1-5 sub divisions) 3 

4 th Semester TAML 106 Modern Literature - II 3 

TAML 503 Tholkappiam - Porul (6-9 sub divisions) 3 

TAML 521 Siddha Literature 3 

TAML 524 Literary Criticism 3

jhs;: etPd ,yf;fpak; I 

ghlj;jpl;lk; 

ghl Mrphpah;: 

ghl vz;: TAML 105 ghlkjpg;G: 3 kjpg;Gfs; (3 Credits) 

Nehf;fq;fs;: 

1. etPd nyf;fpaj; Bjhw;w k; tsh;r;rp Fwpj;J mwpe;J bfhs;tJ. 

2. Fwpg;gp l;l gilg;g[fs;/ gilg;ghsh;fis mwpKfg;gLj;JtJ. 

myF - 1: 

etPd nyf;fpa j; Bjhw;wg; gp d;dzpfs; - gpwehl;lhh; tUif – MA;fpByah; tUif 

– ghjphp khh;fsp d; nyf;fpa nyf;fzg; gzpfs; - mr;Rg;bghwp ga d;ghl;Lf;F 

tUjy; - gj;jphpiffs; cUthjy;. 

myF - 2: ciueil nyf;fpaA;fs; mwpKfkhjy; - tA;fhs bkhHpapy; etPd nyf;fpa A;fs; 

cUthjy; - Bkiye hl;L nyf;fpa tiffshd ehty;, rpWfij Bghd;wit 

mwpKfkhjy; - M A;fp yk; goj;jth;fs; nyf;fpa Kaw;rp Bkw;bfhs;sy;. 

myF - 3: ehty; nyf;fpa j; Bjhw;wk; - fhg;gpaj;jpw;Fk; ehtYf;FKs;s xw;Wik, Btw;Wikfs; 

- bra;a[s; totpy; vGjg;gl;l ehty; - bjhlf;ffhy ehty;fs; - 

Btjehafk;gp s;is, khjitah, uh$ka;a hpd; ehty; Kaw;rpfs;. 

myF - 4: 1900 Kjy; 1930 tiuapyhd fhyfl;lk; - Jg;gwpa[k; ehty;fs; mjpfk; 

btsp tUjy; - 1930 Kjy; 1950 tiuap yhd fhyfl;lk; - Bjrpag;gpd;dzp 

bfhz;l e hty;fs; - fy;fpapd; ehty; Kaw;rpfs; . 

myF - 5: 1950 Kjy; 1980 tiuap yhd fhyfl;lk; - b$afhe;jd;, jp.$hdfpuhkd; 

Bghd;Bwhhpd; ehty;fs; - jp uhtp l, khh;f;rp a naf;fg; gpd;dzpapy; btspg;gl;l 

ehty;fs; - fiy fiyf;fhfBt vd;w Behf;fpy; btspg;gl;l ehty;fs; - 

R$hjhtpd; mwptpay; g[idt[ bfhz;l e hty;fs; . 

myF - 6: rpWfij nyf;fpaj; Bjhw;w k; - ghujp , khjitah Bghd;Bw hhp d; Kaw; rpfs; - 

t.Bt.R. ma;ahp d; rpWfijfs; - kzpf;bfhof; fhyk; - g[Jikg;gpj;jd;, 

F.g.uh, bksdp Bghd;Bwhhp d; fijfs;. 

myF - 7: rpWgj;jphpiffSk; rpWfij Kaw;rpfSk; - b$afhe;jd; rpWfijfs; - gpugq;rd; 

Bghd;Bwhhpd; r pWfijfs; - fp.uh$ehuha zd; rpWfijfs; - 1980fs; tiu 

rpWfij tsh;r;rp – jPgk;, fiza hHp Bghd;w rp Wgj;jphp iffsp d; rp Wfij 

Kaw;rpfs;. 

myF - 8: g[Jf;ftpijapd; Bjhw;wk; - trdftpij Kaw;rp – Bkiyehl;L nyf;fpa 

nyf;fzA;fSk; ftpij Kaw;rpfSk; - e. gpr;rK}}h;j;jpapd; ftpi jfs; - „vGj;J‟ 

gj;jp hpifapd; gA;fspg;g[ - 1960fspy; g[Jf;ftpij Kaw;rpfs; . 

myF - 9: rpWgj;jphpiffSk; g[Jf;ftpij Kaw;rpfSk; - eil, frljgw Kjy; 1980 

tiuap yhd fhyfl;lA;fspy; g[Jf;ftpij tsh;r;rp – thdk;ghof; ftpij Kaw;rp – 

i#f;Ttp d; Bjhw;w k;, tsh;r;rp.

myF - 10: etPd ehlfA;fsp d; Bjhw;w k; - kug[ ehlfA;fSf;Fk; etPd ehlfA;fSf;FKs;s 

xw;Wik, Btw;Wikfs; - etPd ehlf mikg;g[fs; cUthjy; - qhep, Bfhky; 

Rthkpehjd;, e.Kj;Jrhkp Bghd;Bw hhp d; ehlf Kaw;rpfs; - epfH;fiy Fwpj;j 

g[hp jy;fs; - btsp buA;fuh$dp d; Kaw;rpfs;. 

ghl E}y;fs;: 

1. m. khjita h, gj;khtjp rhpj;jp uk;, epa{ brq;Rhp g[f; #t[!;, brd;id, 1994. 

2. g[Jikg; gp j;jd; - g[Jikg;gp j;jd; rp Wfijfs;, epa{brq;Rhp g[f; #t[!;, brd;id. 

3. ghujpap d; trd ftpij. 

4. gRta;a h, eLeprp eha ;fs;, f;hpa h, brd;id – 1975. 

5. jkp Hd;gd;, nut[g;ghlfd;, g{k;g[fhh; gp uRuk;, brd;id, 2003. 

6. gpugq;rd;, Kl;il (e hlfk;), mfuk;, Fk;gBfhzk;, 1997 (nuz;lhk; gjp g;g[). 

ghh;it E}y;fs;: 

1. bg.Bfh. Re ;jh; uh$d;, rp tghj Re;juk;, jkp H; e hty; E]w;whz;L tuyhWk; tsh;r;rpa[k;, 

brd;id fpwp!;Jt nyf;fpar; r A;fk;, brd;id, 1997. 

2. bg.Bfh. Re ;jh;uh$d;, rptghjRe;juk; - jkpHpy; rpWfij tuyhWk; tsh;r;rpa[k;, f;hpah, 

brd;id, 1989. 

3. V.tp. Rg;gpukzpa Ia h;, jw;fhyj; jkpH; nyf;fpak;, kf;fs; btspaPL, brd;id, 1985 

( ; gjpg;g[) 

4. k.kjpa Hfd; - etPd nyf;fpar; rpe;jidfs;, g;hPj;jp btspaPl;lfk;, g[Jit, 1992. 

5. nuh$ khh;j;jhz;ld;, g[Jf;ftpij tuyhW, a[idbll; iul;lh;!;, brd;id, 2003 . 

6. ty;ypf; fz;zd;, g[Jf;ftpijapd; Bjhw;w Kk; tsh;r;rpa[k;, md;dk; (gp) ypl;, rptfA;if, 

1992 (%d;whk; gjpg;g[) 

7. R. muA;fuhR, jkpH ;g;g[Jf;ftpij – xU jpwdha ;t[, %}d;w hk; cyfg; gjpg;gfk;, 

brd;id, 1991. 

8. Kidth;. K.nuhkrhkp (gjpg;g[): nUgjhk; E]w;whz;Lj; jkp H; e hlfA;fs;, cyfj; 

jkp Hhuha;r;rp ep Wtdk;, brd;id, 1999. 

9. jkp Hpy; etPd ehlfk;, cyfj; jkp Hhuha;r;rp e pWtdk;, brd;id, 19 96. 

10. K. nuhkrhkp, jkpH; e hlfk; Bew;W – nd;W ehis. 

11. bey;iy. R. Kj;J, jkpHpy; i#T, md;dk; (gp) yp l;, rp tfA;if, 1994. 

******

jhs; : etPd ,yf;fpak; - 1 (khjphp tpdhj;jhs;) 

fhyk;: 3 kzp kjpg;ngz;: 60 

I rhpahd tpilapid vOJf (10 X 1 = 10) 

1. ,e;jpahtpy; Kjy; ehty; vOe;j ,e;jpankhop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2. rpWfij tsu;r;rpf;F tpj;jpl;l ,jo; . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 

3. ghujp Fwpg;gpl;l „Gy;ypd; ,jo;fs;‟ ftpijapd; gilg;ghsh; . . . . . . . . . 

4. e. Kj;Jrhkpapd; etPd ehlf mikg;gpd; ngah; . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 

5. nra;As; tbtpy; vOjg;gl;l jkpo; ehty; . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . .. . 

6. rutzKj;Jg;gps;is „Nkhfdhq;fp‟ vd;w ehtiy vOjpAs;shh; rhp / jtW 

7. „nre;jkpo;‟ vd;w ,jo; GJf;ftpijj; Njhw;wj;jpw;F tpj;jpl;lJ rhp / jtW 

8. f.eh.R „gRta;ah‟ vd;w Gidngahpy; ftpijfs; vOjpAs;shh; rhp / jtW 

9. „i`$‟ gpnuQ;R ,yf;fpa tiffspy; xd;W rhp / jtW 

10. „frljgw‟ ,jo; ehty; tsh;r;rpf;F tpj;jpl;lJ rhp / jtW 

II ,Ugf;f mstpy; tpiljUf. (5 X 6 = 30) 

1. etPd ,yf;fpaj; Njhw;wg; gpd;dzpfisf; Fwpg;gpLf. 

(my;yJ) 

ehty; ,yf;fpaj; Njhw;wj;ijg; gw;wpf; Fwpg;G tiuf. 

2. Jg;gwpAk; ehty;fs; gw;wpf; Fwpg;G tiuf. 

(my;yJ) 

kzpf;nfhb vOj;jhsh;fs; gw;wpf; Fwpg;G tiuf. 

3. thdk;ghb ,af;ff; ftpQh;fspd; GJf;ftpijf; nfhs;iffis tpsf;Ff. 

(my;yJ) 

rpWfij ,yf;fpaj; Njhw;wj;ijg; gw;wpf; Fwpg;G tiuf. 

4. jkpopy; i`$f; ftpijfspd; rpwg;Gfis vLj;Jiuf;f 

(my;yJ) 

jkpopy; etPd ehlf mikg;Gfs; Fwpj;J vOJf. 

5. jkpod;gdpd; ftpijr; rpwg;Gfisr; Rl;Lf. 

(my;yJ) 

fpwpj;Jtg; ghjphpkhh;fspd; ciueil ,yf;fpag; gzpfisr; Rl;Lf. 

III ,Ugf;f mstpy; tpiljUf. (2 X10 = 20) 

1. gj;khtjp rhpj;jpuk; ehtypy; ghj;jpug;gilg;G gw;wpf; fl;Liu tiuf. 

(my;yJ) 

GJikg;gpj;jdpd; rpWfijr; rpwg;Gfisr; rhd;WfSld; tpsf;Ff. 

2. gRta;ahtpd; „eLeprp eha;fs;‟ njhFg;gpy; GJf;ftpijf; $Wfisr; rhd;WfSld; 

tpsf;Ff. 

(my;yJ) 

gpugQ;rdpd; „Kl;il‟ ehlfj;jpy; etPd ehlff; $Wfs; mike;jpUf;Fk; 

ghq;fpid vLj;Jiuf;f.

jhs;: gf;jp ,yf;fpak; 

ghlj;jpl;lk; 


Nehf;fq;fs;: 

myF - 1: 

myF - 2: 

myF - 3: 

myF - 4: 

myF - 5: 

myF - 6: 

myF - 7: 

myF - 8: 

myF - 9: 

1. jkp H; nyf;fpaj;jpy; gf;jp nyf;fpaj; Bjhw;w k; Fwp j;J vLj;Jiuj;jy;. 

2. gf;jp nyf;fpaA;fsp d; vGr;rp Fwpj;J khzth;fs; mwpe;J bfhs;sr; bra;jy;. 

3. rkaA;fs; Fwp j;j mwptp id tsh;j;jy;. 

1. jkp H; nyf;fpaj;jpw;Fk; rK}fj;jpw;Fk; gf;jp nyf;fpayhsh;fs; bra;j 

bjhz;Lfisa [k;, gf;jp apd; Bkd;ikfisa[k; khzth;fs; mwpe;J bfhs;sr;bra;jy;. 

gf;jp vd;Dk; brhy;ypd; bghUs; - gf;jp nyf;fpa k; - rA;fk;, rA;fk; kUtpa 

E]y;fspy; gf;jp nyf;fpaj;jp d; Bjhw ;Wtha;fs; - gf;jpapd; ga d;. 

gf;jp naf;fk; - gf;jp naf;fj;jp d; vGr;rp – mjd; tuyhw;Wg; gpd;dzp – irtk;, 

itztk; - brhw ;bghUs; tp sf;fA;fs;. 

jkp H; E]y;fspy; rptbgUkhd;, jpUkhy; tHp ghL – e had;khh;fs; ghoa E]y;fsp d; 

tifa[k; bjhifa [k; - MH;thh;fs; ghoa E]y;fsp d; tifa[k; bjhifa[k;. 

fhzhgj;ak; bfskhuk; - rhf;jk; - irdk; - bgsj;jk; - fpwpj;jtk; - nRyhk; - 

Fwpj;j mwpKfr;bra;jpfs;. 

jpUqhd rk;ge ;jh; - xd;w hk; jpUKiw – „fw ;whA;F vhpBa hk;gp‟ vd;W bjhlA;Fk; 10 

ghly;fs; mg;gh; - Ie;jhk; jpUKiwapy; „md;dk; ghypf;Fk;‟ vd;W bjhlA;Fk; 10 

ghly;fs;. 

Re;juh; VHhk; jpUKiwapy; „bghd;Dk; bka;g;bghUSk;‟ Kjy; 10 ghly;fs; - 

khzpf;fthrfh; - rptg[uhzk; KGika[k;. 

fhiuf;fhy; mk;ika hh; mw;g[jj; jp Ute;jhjp Kjy; 10 ghly;fs; - jpUK}yh; - 

jpUke;jp uk; - gf;jpa[ilik mjpfhuj;jp y; Kjy; 10 g hly;fs; 

bghpahH;thh; - „Jg;g[ila hiu‟ vd;W bjhlA;Fk; Kjy; 10 ghly;fs; - e k;khH;thh; 

- „tha[k; jp iua[fSk;‟ vd;W bjhlA;Fk; 10 ghly;fs; 

Mz;lhs; - jpUg;ghit Kjy; 3 kw ;Wk; gpd; 7 ghly;fs; - jha[khdth; - M de;jf; 

fspg;g[ Kjy; 10 ghly;fs;

myF - 10: 

mUzfphpe hjh;, „ge;jho mA;if‟, „Kj;ijj;jU‟ vd;W bjhlA;Fk; nuz;L 

ghly;fs; - ts;syhh;, „g[dpjFyk; bgWkhW‟ vd;W bjhlA;Fk; 10 ghly;fs;. 

Jiz E}y;fs;: 

1. jkpHh; rka tuyhW – M. BtYg;gp s;is 

2. ne;jpa jj;Jt qhdk; - fp. nyl;Rkzd; 

3. jkpHp yf;fpa tuyhw;Wf;fsq;rpa k; - kJ. r. tp kyhde;jk; 

4. ehyhapuj;jpt;tpag;gpuge;jk; - lhf;lh;.b$fj;ul;rfd; 

5. gd;dpU jpUKiw – th;j;jkhdd; gjp g;gfk; 

6. gd;dpU jpUKiw tuyhW – bts;is thuzdhu; 

7. jha[khdth; ghly;fs; - jha [khdth; 

8. jpUg;g[fH; - mUzfphpehjh; 

9. jpUtUl;gh – ts;syhh; 

10. rka j;jkpH; - f.nskjprhdfpuhkd; 

******

jhs; : gf;;jp ,yf;fpak; 

(khjphp tpdhj;jhs;) 


gFjp - m 

XhpU tupfspy; tpilaspf;f (10 X 1 = 10) 

1. KUfid KOKjw;flTshff; nfhz;L topgLk; rkak; -----------------------. 

2. fhzhgjpak; vd;gJ --------------------------- topgLk rkakhFk;. 

3. Mo;thh;fs; ghba ghly; njhFg;G ------------------------------. 

4. ,];yhk; rka topghl;by; cUt topghL cz;L rhp/jtW. 

5. rhj;jk; vd;gJ rf;jp topghL - rhp/jtW. 

6. khzpf;f thrfhpd; rptGuhzk; Nghw;wpg; ghly;fs; rhp/jtW. 

7. Mz;lhspd; gps;isj; jpUehkk; ahJ? 

8. „gpwthik Ntz;Lk; kPz;Lk; gpwe;jhy; ck;ik kwthik Ntz;Lk;‟ - Ntz;bath; ahh;? 

9. jpuhtplNtjk; vd miof;fg;gLk; E}y; ahJ? 

10. rj;a jUk Qhd rigiaj; Njhw;Wtpj;jth; ahh;? 

gFjp - M 

FWtpdh (5 X 6 = 30) 

1. rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fspy; fhzg;gLk; gf;jp ,af;ff; $Wfis vOJf. 

(my;yJ) 

jkpofj;jpy; gf;jp ,af;fj;jpd; Njhw;wg;gpd;dzp gw;wp vOJf. 

2. nrhw;nghUs; tpsf;fk; jUf. 

(my;yJ) 

nfskhuk; (my;yJ) fpwpj;Jtk; 

3. ngsj;jk; (my;yJ) ,];yhk; Fwpj;J vOJf. 

4. „m&uhid kwf;fYkhNk‟ vdr; Re;juh; ghLtjw;fhd fhuzq;fisf; $Wf. 

(my;yJ) 

„fw;whq;F vhpNahk;gp‟ vdj; njhlq;Fk; rk;ge;jh; gjpfr; nra;jpapidg; Gyg;gLj;Jf. 

5. jpUke;jpuk; ntspg;gLj;Jk; gf;jpr; rpe;jidfs; ahit? 

(my;yJ) 

jhAkhdthpd; „Mde;jf;fspg;G‟ Gyg;gLj;Jk; fUj;Jf;fis vOJf. 

gFjp - , 

fl;Liu tbtpy; tpiljUf (vitNaDk; ,uz;lDf;F). (2 X 10= 20) 

1. Mo;thh;fs; ghba gf;jpg; ghly;fspd; tif njhiffis tpsf;;fpf; fl;Liu tiuf. 

2. mw;Gjj;jpUte;jhjp Gyg;gLj;Jk; ,iwj; jd;ikfis tpsf;Ff. 

3. itt> itzt rkaq;fspd; vOr;rpiag; gf;jp ,af;fg; gpd;dzpapy;; tpsf;Ff.

jhs;: njhy;fhg;gpak; - vOj;jjpfhuk; 

ghlj;jpl;lk; 


ghl Nehf;fk;: jkpH; vGj;jpyf;fzj;ijj; bjhy;fhg;gpaj;jp d; tH p epd;W gapw;Wtp j;jy;. 

myF - 1 mwpKfk;: 

vGj;jpyf;fz E]y;fis mwpKfk; bra;jy; : - bjhy;fhg;gpak; KGika[k; bghJthf 

mwpKfk; bra;jy; - ghapuj;jpd; rpwg;g[f; TWjy; - ghapuj;jpy; Twg;gLk; tuyhw;Wr; 

bra;jpfspd; nd;wpaikahikia vLj;Jiuj;jy; - mjpfhu mikg;g[fis tp sf;F jy; - 

nayikg;g[fis Muha;jy;. 

myF - 2 Ehd;kuG: 

vGj;Jf;fspd; tif - KjbyGj;Jf;fs; - rhh;bgGj;Jfs; - khj;jpiu mst[fs; - vGj;J 

totA;fs; - vGj;Jf;fspd; kaf;fk;. 

myF - 3 nkhop kuG: 

bkhHp kug[ - rhh;bgGj;Jf;fs; - jdpbkhHp - bjhlh;bkhHpapy; epw;Fk; epiyfs; - 

Ma;jj;jpd; rpwg;gpay;g[fs; - vGj;Jf;fs; bkhHpahFk; epiyfs; - vGj;Jf;fspd; 

naf;fk; - bkhHp Kjy;, nWjp vGj;Jf;fs;. 

myF - 4 gpwg;gpay;: 

vGj;Jf;fspd; bghJg;gpwg;g[f;fs; - jiy, kp lW, beq;R Mfpa tw;wpy; fhw;Wg;gLjyhy; 

vGj;Jf;fs; gpwf;fpd;w epiy - capbuGj;Jf;fsp d; gp wg;g[f;fs; - bka;baGj;Jf;fsp d; 

gpwg;g[f;fs; - rhh;bgGj;Jf;fsp d; gpwg;g[f;fs;. 

myF - 5 Gzhpay;: 

bkhHpfspd; KjYk; NUk; - g[zh;r;rpf;Fhpa nUbkhHpfsp d; nay;g[fs; - g[zh;jyp d; 

nay;g[fs; - nUtifg; g[zh;r;rpfs; - cUg[g; g[zh;r;rpapd; bghJ nay;g[fs; - 

rhhpia g; g[zh;r;rpap d; bghJ nay;g[fs; - vGj;Jr; rhhpiafs; - capbuGj;jpy; 

g[zh;r;rp nay;g[fs; - g[zh;r;rpapy; bghUs; BtWgLkplA;fs;. 

myF - 6 njhif kuG: 

caphPW bka;aPWfspd; bghJg; g[zh;r;rpfs; - bky;ypdk; Bjhd;Wkp lk; - tUbkhHp 

nay;ghjy; - caphPW bka;aPWfspd; rpwg;g[zh; r;rpfs; - Kd;dpiy tp idr; brhy; Kog[ - 

cah;jpizg; bgah; g[zh;epiyfs; - K}d;whk; Btw;Wik Kog[fs; - nuz;lhk; 

Btw;Wikj; jphpg[fs; - VHhk; Btw;Wik Kog[fs; - beoy; Fwpy; Kd; xw;Wf;fs; - xw;W 

nul;lhj nlk; - mst[epiw vz;Zg;bgah;fs; - ahth; ahJ vd;Dk; brhw ;fsp d; kU c 

epiyfs;. 

myF - 7 cUgpay;: 

caphPWfs; - bka ;aPWfs; - Kw;Wfu, Fw;Wfu NWfs;. 

myF - 8 caph; kaf;fk;: 

mfu NWfs; - my;tHp apy; mfu Nw;Wr; brhw;fs; - nfu Nw;Wg; g[zh;r;rpfs; - Nfhu 

Nw;Wg; g[zh;r;rpfs; - cfu Nw ;Wg; g[zh;r;rpfs; - Cfhu Nw;Wg; g[zh;r;rpfs; - Ifhu, 

xfhu Nw;Wg; g[zh;r;rpfs; - xsfhu Nw;Wg; g[zh;r;rpfs;. 

myF - 9 Gs;sp kaq;fpay;: 

bky;byhw ;W NWfs; - nUtHpapYk; qfu Nw;Wj; bjhHpw;bgah; - Btw ;Wikapy; zfu NW 

- Btw;Wikapy; kfu NWfs; - Btw;Wikapy; cah;jpiz tpiut[g; bga h;fs; - 

Btw;Wikapy; dfu NWfs; - nilbahw; W NWfs; - Btw;W my;tHpap y; afu, ufu, yfu 

NWfs; - tpfhu NWfs; - Hfu NWfs; - Ma;j NWfs;.

myF - 10 Fw;wpaYfug; Gzhpay;: 

Fw;wpaYfuj;jp d; nay;g[fs; - bghJg; g[zh;r;rpfs; - beoy;, caph;, nil, Ma;jk;, 

td;, bkd;, bjhlh;g; g[zh;r;rpfs; - Fw;Wfur; rpwg;g[g; g [zh;r;rpfs; - Fw;wpaYfu 

vz;Zg;bga h;g; g[zh;r;rpfs;. 

%yE}y;: 


bjhy;fhg;gpak; - vGj;jjpfhuk; (nsk;g{uzk;) 

fHfg;gjpg;g[, brd;id, 1996. 

1. vGj;jpyf;fzf; Bfhl;ghLfs; 

rz;Kfk; br.it. 

mz;zhkiyg; gy;fiyf; fHfk; 

mz;zhkiy efh;. 

2. bjhy;fhg;gpak; v Gj;jjpfhu ciu tsA;fs; 

rptypA;fhdhh;. M. 

cyfj; jkp Hhuha;r;rp ep Wtd btspa PL. 

brd;id. 

******

jhs; : njhy;fhg;gpak; - vOj;jjpfhuk; 



gFjp - m 


1. ---------------------------------------- MapU Kjypd; --------------------------------------------------- ehb 

2. „Kg;ghw; Gs;spAk;‟ 

3. „MaPupay; capu;j;jy; MNw‟ - ,U ,ay;GfisAk; vOJf. 

4. Qfu> tfu> afu nka;fs; vt;ntt;TapUld; $b nkhopKjyhFk;? 

5. ,jopiae;J gpwf;Fk; ------------------------------------------------- 

6. „rhupia nkhop‟fshfj; njhy;fhg;gpau; Fwpg;gdtw;iw vOJf. 

7. „jkpo;‟ vd;Dk; nrhy; Kjd; Kjypy; ve;jj; jkpo;E}ypy;> ve;j ,lj;jpy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ? 

8. „mod;‟> „God;‟ Mfpa nrhw;fs; Vw;Fk; rhupiafisr; Rl;Lf. 

9. „Gzu;epiyr; Rl;L‟ vit? tpsf;Ff. 

10. fPo;f;fzf;F> fPo;fzf;F vDk; ,U tbtq;fSs; vJ rhp vd;gijj; njhy;fhg;gpa 

tpjpg;gb nkhopf. 

gFjp - M 

XU gf;f mstpy; tpil jUf. (5 X 6 = 30) 

1. gdk;ghudhupd; ghapur; nra;jpfis vOJf. 

(my;yJ) 

khj;jpiu Fwpj;j ,yf;fzq;fis vOJf. 

2. vOj;Jfspd; tbt ,yf;fzq;fshf njhy;fhg;gpau; $Wtdtw;iw vOJf. 

(my;yJ) 

nka;k;kaf;fk; - tpsf;Ff. 

3. nkhopapWjp vOj;Jfs; Fwpj;j nra;jpfisj; njhFj;Jiuf;f. 

(my;yJ) 

vOj;Jr;rhupiafs; - tpsf;Ff. 

4. ,ay;G Gzu;r;rp Kbtpidg; ngWk; MfhutPw;Wr; nrhw;fs; ahit? 

(my;yJ) 

gpd;tUk; nrhw;fspd; Gzh;r;rp KbTfisAk; mtw;Wf;fhd tpjpfisAk; vOJf. 

i.mfk;+if> ii.,yk; ;+gL> iii.Njd;+,why;> iv.rhu;;+fho;> v.ty;+eha;> vi.jho;+Nfhy;. 

5. gj;J vd;Dk; vz;Zg;ngau;Kd; vz;Zg;ngau;fSk; epiw> msTg; ngau;fSk; 

GzUkhw;iw tpsf;Ff. 

(my;yJ) 

„Ifhu Ntw;Wikj; jpupngd nkhopg‟ - tpsf;Ff. 

gFjp - , 

vitNaDk; ,uz;L tpdhf;fSf;Ff; fl;Liu tbtpy; tpil jUf. (2 X 10= 20) 

2. rhu;ngOj;Jfs; Fwpj;Jj; njhy;fhg;gpau; $Wtdtw;iw Muha;f. 

3. jkpo; vOj;Jfspd; gpwg;gpyf;fzj;ijj; njhy;fhg;gpatopj; njhFj;J tiuf. 

4. capu;kaq;fpaypYk; Gs;spkaq;fpaypYk; ,lk;ngWk; kug;ngau;fs; Fwpj;j Gzu;r;rp 

,yf;fzq;fis tpsf;Ff.

jhs;: mw ,yf;fpak; 

ghlj;jpl;lk; 


myF - 1: 

myF - 2: 

myF - 3: 

myF - 4: 

myF - 5: 

myF - 6: 

myF - 7: 

myF - 8: 

myF - 9: 

mwk; - brhw;bghUs; - mw k; bghUs; nd;gk; tPL vd;w epiy gz;ila 

nyf;fpaA;fspy; mwr;rp e;jid. 

rA;ffhy mwk; - bjhy;fhg;gpaf; Fwpg;g[fs; fhg;gpaA;fspy; mwk; - murpay; 

gpiHj;BjhUf;F mw k; Tw;whjy; - mwk; bty;Yk; ghtk; Bjhw;Fk; - 

czf;bfhLj;Bjhh; caph;bfhLj;Bjh h;. 

rA;f nyf;fpa A;fspy; mwf;TWfs; - g[yth;fsp d; fUj;Jfs; - a hJk; CBu a htUk; 

Bfsp h; fhq;rp j;jpiz – epiyahikf; bfhs;iffs;. 

nd;ik kWikf; Bfhl;ghL – mwk; gw;wpa rp e;jidfSk; kWgpwg;g[f; Bfhl;ghLk; - 

bry;tk; epiya hikgw;w pa fUj;Jfs;. 

jpUf;Fw s; - ePjp nyf;fpak; - gjpbdz;fPH;f;fzf;F E]y;fs; - mw E]y;fs; gw;wpa 

Fwpg;g[fs;. 

mwd; typa[Wj;jy; - ny;ywtpay;, Jwtw tpay;, bghUl;ghypy; mwf;fUj;Jfs; - 

murpay; mwk;, Bghh; mwk;. 

nd;gj;Jg;ghy; - xUtDf;F xUj;jp vd;w Bfhl;ghL, g uj;jikiaf; fojy;, 

jdpkdp j mw k; rK}f mwk;, FLk;g mw k;. 

ehyoahh; - mw A;fs; Kjd;ikg;gLj;jg;bgwy; - rkar;rhh;ghd mw A;fs; - bghJ 

mwA;fs; kdp j thH;tp y; mwA;fsp d; gA;F. 

nyf;fpaA;fspy; mwk; typa[Wj;jg;gly; - thH;tpay; TWfspy; mwj;jpw;fhd nlk; - 

mw nyf;fpaA;fs; TWk; mwKk; khDl thH;f;ifa[k;. 

myF - 10: 

fhye;BjhWk; mw A;fsp d; tsh;r;rp – khw;w A;fs; - gz;ghl;od; gpujpgspg;g[ - 

nd;iwa rKjhaj;jpy; mwk; bgWk; gA;F. 


1. f.jh.jpUeht[f;fuR - jpUf;Fw s; ePjp nyf;fp ak; 

2. M.BtYg;gps;is - jkp H; nyf;fpaj;jpy; fhyKk; fUj;Jk; 

3. K.tujuhrd; - jkp H; nyf;fpa tuyhW 

4. F.r. M de;jd; - jpUf;Fw s; cz;ikg;bghUs; 

*****

jhs; : mw ,yf;fpak; 



gFjp - m 


1. jpUf;Fws; mwj;Jg;ghypy; mike;Js;s mjpfhuq;fs; vj;jid? 

2. fhQ;rpj;jpiz czh;j;Jk; mwk; ahJ? 

3. “ahJk; CNu ahtUk; Nfsph;” vd;Wiuj;j Gyth; ahh;? 

4. “mwk; $w;whFk;” - ahUf;F? 

5. guj;;jd;ikiaf; fbe;J $wpa Kjy; mwE}y; vJ? 

6. ehybahh; - vr;rkar; rhh;ghd mwE}y;? 

7. fPo;f;fzf;F E}y;fSs; mwE}y;fs; vj;jid? 

8. „midw;wwd;‟ vd ts;Stk; Fwpg;gpLtJ vjid? 

9. „kpf;f mwNk tpOw;JizahtJ‟ vdr; Rl;ba fhg;gpak; vJ? 

10. kdNeha; ePq;f MW fUj;Jf;fis xt;nthU ntz;ghtpYk; ghbath; ahh;?. 

gFjp - M 

FWtpdh (5 X 6 = 30) 

11. „mwk;‟ - vd;w nrhy;ypd; moe;j nghUis czh;j;Jf. 

(my;yJ) 

njhy;fhg;gpaj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; mwk; gw;wpa Fwpg;Gfis vLj;Jiwf;f. 

12. kzpNkfiy $Wk; kWgpwg;Gf; Nfhl;ghl;il Ma;f. 

(my;yJ) 

GwehD}w;Wg; ghly;fspy; mwf;$Wfs; mike;Js;sikiaj; njspTgLj;Jf. 

13. jphpfLfk; - Fwpg;G tiuf. 

(my;yJ) 

„JwT‟ gw;wpa Fwl; fUj;Jf;fisj; jUf. 

14. jdpkdpj mwk; - r%f mwk; njhlh;gpid tpsf;Ff. 

(my;yJ) 

ehybahhpd; rkar; rhh;ghd mwq;fs; gw;wp vOJf. 

15. tho;tpay; $Wfspy; mwj;jpw;fhd ,lj;ij tiuaWf;f. 

(my;yJ) 

,d;iwa rKjhaj;jpy; mwj;jpd; epiy Fwpj;J Muha;f. 

gFjp - , 


16. gz;ila ,yf;fpaq;fspy; mwr;rpe;jid mike;Js;s ghq;fpid tpsf;Ff. 

17. jpUf;Fwspd; ,d;gj;Jg; ghy; czh;j;Jk; mwf; Nfhl;ghl;bid tpthp. 

18. fhye;NjhWk; mw ,yf;fpaj;jpy; Vw;gl;Ls;s tsh;r;rpiaAk;> khw;wj;ijAk; kjpg;gpLf.

jhs;: rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fs; 

ghlj;jpl;lk; 


ghl Nehf;fk;: 

myF - 1 rpw;wpyf;fpa mwpKfk;;: 

jkp H; nyf;fpa tifikfspy; rpw;wpyf;fpa tif - rpw;wp yf;fpa j;jpw;fhd bghJ 

nyf;fz tiua iw - rpw;wpyf;fpa fhyk; - gz;ila nyf;fpaA;fspy; 

rpw;wpyf;fpaf; TWfs; - rpw;wpyf;fpar; rpwg;g[fSk; jdp j; jd;ikfSk;. 

myF - 2 gps;isj;jkpo;: jpUr;nre;J}h; KUfd; gps;isj;jkpo; 

gps;isj;jkpH; nyf;fp aj;jpd; Bjhw ;wKk; tsh;r;rpa[k; - jdp nyf;fpa khf 

cUg;bgWjy; - gp s;isj;jkpH; nyf;fzKk; mjpy; fhZk; befpH;t[fSk; - 

Mz;ghw;, bgz;ghw; gUtA;fs; - jp Ur;bre;J]h; KUfd; gp s;isj;jkp H; - E]y;, 

Mrphpah; bghJ mwpKfk;. 

ghlg;gFjp: mk;Gypg;gUtk; (kl;Lk;) 

“fiya hy; epuk;ghj fiy cz;L cdf;F . . . . 

“kapy; flt[ KUfDld; mk;g[yP MlthBt” 

myF - 3 guzp: fypq;fj;Jg;guzp: 

guzp bga h;f;fhuzk; - gz;ila nyf;fpaA;fspy; fhZk; guzp nyf;fpa 

cWg;g[fs; - bgah;bgWk; Kiw. fypA; fj;Jg;guzp: E]y; mwpKfk;. 

ghlg;gFjp: fhL ghbaJ. (kl;Lk;) 

fhl;L kuA;fs;, tpyA;Ffs;, gwitfs;, fhl;od; btk;ik, fhl;oy; fp ilf;Fk; 

bghUs;fs; Mfpatw;iwg; ghoaJ. 

“fsg;Bghh; tpise;j fypA;fj;Jf; fypA;fh; epzf;TH; fsg;Bgap d;” 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………… 

“kzy; xd;W fhzhky; tiuvLj;J kaA;fpdBt”. ghly;: 1 -22 

myF - 4 me;jhjp: mgpuhkp me;jhjp 

me;jhjpapd; Bjhw ;wk; - rA;f nyf;fpaA;fsp y; me;jhjpf; TWfs; me;jhjpapd; 

nyf;fzk; - me;jhjp tiffs;. mgpuhkp me ;jhjp - E]y; mwpKfk;. 

ghlg;gFjp: md;idiag; Bghw;w y; - md;idap d; jpUtor; rpwg;g[ - Kw;gpw tpapy; ey;tpid - 

Kj;bjhHp Yf;Fk; chpa ts; - md;idaJ mUspy; vsp ik - md;idapd; tpaj;jF 

fhl;rp - mwpthw;wy; - jhprdk; - ep d;Wk; nUe;Jk; fp le;Jk; e le;Jk; epidg;gJ - 

mwpthw ;wy; - jhprdk; “epd;Wk; nUe;Jk; fple;Jk; e le;Jk; epi dg;gJ cd;id. . 

.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . “kiwfpd;w thhp jpBah g[uzhrykA;fiyBa”. 

myF - 5 J}J: jkpo;tpL J}J 

J]J nyf;fpaA;fspd; Bjhw;wKk; tsh;r;rpa[k; - g[wj;jpiz - mfj;jpiz J]J - 

J]Jf;Fhpa bghUl;fs; - 

J]J nyf;fzk; - bga h;bgWk; Kiw - jkp H;tpL J]J - E]y; mwpKfk;. 

ghlg;gFjp: jkpGf;F BjtBuhL cs;s bjhlh;g[ - jkpiH jdf;Fj; J]J Bghf 

Btz;ly; - jkpBH J]JBghf rpwe;jJ vdf;Twy;. 

“NA;F cdJ rA;fj;jhy; Nrh; cah;e;jhBuh” 

…………………………… 

“Fd;W mida ha; cd;DlBd TWBfd;”. (91 -112)

myF - 6 cyh: FNyhj;Jq;f Nrhod; cyh 

cyhtpd; Bjhw;wk; - cyh nyf;fzk; - jrhA;fk; Twy; - kfsp h; tpisahl;L - 

cyhtpy; fhZk; bghJr;bra;jpfs; - FByhj;JA;f BrhHd; cyh. 

ghlg;gFjp: ahidNky; cyhtUjy; kd;dUk; kz;lyPfUk; R{H tUjy; - ahid, Fjpiu 

Kjypa gilfSk; kf;fSk; cld; tUjy; - khfjh;, kA;fyg; ghlfh; thH;j;J - 

kd;didf;fhz kf;fs; Tl;lk; - khjuhu; Tw;W. 

“Bte;jh; bjhGJ niw q;r, Btjpah; xj;bjLg;g” 

…………………… 

“tisj;jhd;, mUk;g[ cyfpy; kha;j;jhd;”. (fz;zpfs;: 76 -121) 

myF - 7 fyk;gfk;: jpUf;fhtY}h;f; fyk;gfk; 

bgah;f;fhuzk; - fyk;gfj;jpw;fhd nyf;fzk; - fyk;gf cWg;g[f;f s; - Kjy; 

fyk;gf rpw;wpyf;fpak; - jpUf;fhtY]h;f; fyk;gfk; - E]y; mwp Kfk; - E]ypd; 

jdpr;rpwg;g[. 

ghlg;gFjp: nBaRgpuhdp d; Bjhs;fsp d; bgUik – Bjt md;idapd; jttypik – 

mUikbgUikfs; - md;idf;F Brit bra;jy; - jp Uj;jyr; rpw g;g[ - md;idapd; 

jpUtofisg; Bghw;Wjy; - g[a tFg;g[, jtk;, fhyk;, nilr;rp, kw k; Mfpa 5 

cWg;g[fs; kl;Lk;. 

“btspkjpfjp cLf;Fy kzp epjpba hsp Kfj;jit” 

........................ 

“ghypd; ePh; Bjhd;wp e hZtha;”. 

myF - 8 rjfk;: Kfpapj;jPd; rjfk; 

Bjhw;wKk; tsh;r;rpa[k; - bgah;f;fhuzk; - rjf nyf;fzk; - Kfpapj;jp d; rjfk; - 

E]y; mwpKfk;, E]y;rpw g;g[. 

ghlg;gFjp: Kfpapj;jPd; Mz;lifia Bjhj;jpuk; bra;jy;, Fiwapue;J ghLjy;. 

“MjpKd; epw;fBt mfJ cfJ thfp jpa;aJ” 

........................ 

“tskUs; epiwFzA;Fo thGk; vd; nUfz; kzpBa kfpapj;jPBd”. 

myF - 9 FwtQ;rp: Fw;whyf;FwtQ;rp. 

gz;il nyf;fpa j;jpy; Fwtq;rp nyf;fpaf;TWfs; - Fw j;jpg;ghl;L – Fwtq;rpapy; 

ehlff;TWfs; - Fw;w hyf;Fwtq;rp – E]y; mwpKfk;. 

ghlg;gFjp: gtdp fhz te;j bgz;fsp d; Bgr;R – tre;jty;yp tUif – tre;jty;yp ge;jhLk; 

fhl;rp. 

“xU khidg; gpoj;Jte ;j bgUkhidj; bjh lh;e;JtUk;” 

........................ 

“ge;jof;Fk; ghtidiag; ghh;f;f, ma d; Map uk; fz; gilj;jpyhBd”. (16 -19) 

myF - 10 gs;S: Kf;$lw;gs;S 

gs;S nyf;fpa tifap d; Bjhw;wKk;, tsh;r;rp a[k; - nyf;fpaf; TW – thpf;Tj;J, 

cHj;jpg;ghl;L, Kjy; nyf;fpa k; - gs;S nyf;fzk; - bgah;f;fhuzk; - gs;S 

nyf;fpa j;jpy; fhZk; ehlff;TWfs; - mfj;jpizg; bghUl;fs; - gs;S Xh; Vry; 

nyf;fpa k; - Kf;Tlw;gs;S – E]y; mwpKfk;. 

ghlg;gFjp: gs;spah; rz;il – %j;j gs;spa[k; nisa gs;spa[k; xUtiubahUth; FiwTWk; 

gFjp – “Kl;of;fhw; gz;iz a hz;Bl e Lf;BfshBuh”. 

........................ 

“thHp jpuKf;Tly; itzth;fs; thHpaBt” (ghly; 150 – 175)

Jiz E}y;fs;: 

1. jpU e.tP.brauhkd;, rp w;wpyf;fpar;bry;tk;. kzpthrfh; gjpg;gfk;, rpjk;guk;, 1967/79 . 

2. jpU K.rz;Kfk;gp s;is, rpw;wpyf;fpa tsh;r;rp, kzpthrfh; gjpg;gfk;, rpj k;guk;, 

1967/1981. 

3. jpU F.Kj;Juhrd;, rpw;wpyf;fpar; rpe;jidfs;, Bjd;jkpH; gjpg;gfk;, Bryk;, 1980 

4. gps;isj;jkpH; nyf;fpa A;fs;, kzp thrfh; gjpg;gfk;, rp jk;guk;, 1984 . 

******

jhs; : rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fs; 



gFjp - m 

gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F XhpU nrhw;fspy; tpilaspf;f (10 X 1 = 10) 

1. rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fisj; njhy;fhg;gpah; vj;jifa tifg;ghl;bd; fPo; nfhz;L tUfpwhh;? 

2. gpuge;jk; vd;w nrhy;ypd; nghUs; ahJ? 

3. jpUr;nre;J}h; gps;isj; jkpopd; Mrphpah; ahH? 

4. „CnuhL Njhw;wKk; chpj;njd nkhopg‟ ve;jr; rpw;wpyf;fpa tifiar; Rl;LfpwJ? 

5. guzp ve;jg; gh tifahy; ghlg;ngWtJ? 

6. Ek; ghlg;gFjpapy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s me;jhjp E}y; ahuhy; ghlg;ngw;Ws;sJ? 

7. jtk; vDk; cWg;G ,lk; ngWk; rpw;wpyf;fpak; vJ? 

8. Kfpa;j;jpd; rjfj;jpd; Mrphpah; ahh;? 

9. rpw;wpyf;fpar; nry;tk; vd;w E}iy vOjpath; ahh;? 

10. tre;jty;yp tpisahLk; tpisahl;bd; ngah; ahJ? 

gFjp - M 

gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F XU gf;f mstpy; tpil jUf (5 X 6 = 30) 

1. rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fspd; nghJ ,yf;fz tiuaiwfs; rpytw;iw vOJf. 

(my;yJ) 

gps;isj; jkpo; ,yf;fzKk; mjpy; fhZk; nefpo;TfSk; gw;wp vOJf. 

2. guzp - ngah;f;fhuzk; $Wf. 

(my;yJ) 

fypq;fj;Jg; guzpapy; fhl;bd; ntk;ik vt;thW rpj;jhpf;fg; ngWfpwJ?. 

3. me;jhjp; vd;why; vd;d? mjd; tifg;ghLfis tpsf;Ff. 

(my;yJ) 

mgpuhkp me;jhjpapy; md;idapd; ngUik vt;thW Nghw;wg; ngWfpwJ? 

4. jkpo;tpL J}J-tpy; ntspg;gLk; jkpopd; ngUikfs; ahit? 

cyh - tpsf;Ff. 

(my;yJ) 

5. ,NaRtpDila Njhs;fspd; ngUikfis vLj;Jiuf;f. 

(my;yJ) 

rjfk; vd;why; vd;d? KfpaPj;jpd; rjfk; gw;wp rpWFwpg;G tiuf. 

gFjp - , 

gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F fl;Liu tbtpy; tpil jUf. (2 X 10= 20) 

1. rpw;wpyf;fpaj;jpd; Njhw;wk; tsh;r;rp gw;wp xU fl;Liu tiuf. 

(my;yJ) 

Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rpapd; ngUikfshf ePtph; fUJtd ahit? 

2. rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fspy; fhzg;ngWk; ,yf;fpa eaq;fis Ek; ghlg;gFjp nfhz;L tpsf;Ff. 

(my;yJ) 

gs;S ,yf;fpaj;jpy; fhzg;ngWk; ehlff;$Wfis tpsf;Ff.

jhs;: fhg;gpak; 

(rpyk;G> Nkfiy) 

ghlj;jpl;lk; 


Nehf;fq;fs;: 

myF - 1: 

myF - 2: 

myF - 3: 

myF - 4: 

1. fhg;gpatuyhW czu;j;Jjy;. 

2. fhg;gpaf; Bfhl;ghLfis czu;j;J jy;. 

3. rpyk;g[, Bkfiyapd; gilg;g[j; jd;ikfis btsp g;gLj;Jjy;. 

fhg;gpaj; Bjhw ;wj;jp w;fhd gp d;dzpfs; - Bkiyehl;Lf; fhg;gpaA;fs; - 

tlbkhHpf;fhg;gpa A;fs; - jkp Hp;y; fhg;gpaA;fs; - jkpHpy; fhg;gpa tuyhW. 

fhg;gpak; gw;wpa jp wdha;t[f; fUj; Jfs; - mup!;lhl;oy;, Mgu; fpuhk;gp 

Bghd;Bwhupd; fUj; Jfs; - tlbkhHpapy; fhg;gpa nyf;fzk; - jkp Hpy; fhg;gpa 

nyf;fzk; - ciua hrp upah;jk; fUj;Jfs; - jkpH;j; jpwdha;thsu;fs;jk; fUj;Jfs;. 

rpyk;g[ fhg;gpa mikg;g[Kiw fhz;lA;fs; - fhijfs; - rpyk;gpd; fhg; gpa Behf;fk; 

- fij epfH;r;rpfs; - fijTWk; Kiw – ehlff;TWfs; - bjhd;kf;TWfs; - 

fpisf;fijfs;. 

rpyk;gpd; rpwg;g[f; TWfs; - fiyfsp d; btspg;ghL – fw;gidj; jpwk; - 

mzpeyd;fs;, brhy;yhl;rp , eilj;jpw d ;fs; - cj;jpfs;. 

myF - 5: fijkhe ;ju; gilg;g[ – Bfhtyd;, fz;zfp, khjtp Bghd;w Kjd;ikf; 

fijkhe ;ju;fs; - ft[e;jp , beLq;brHpa d;, khlyd;, khjup Bghd;w Jizikf; 

fijkhe ;ju;fs;. 

myF - 6: 

myF - 7: 

myF - 8: 

myF - 9: 

rpyk;gpy; tuyhw ;Wf; Fwpg;g[fs; Bru, BrhH, ghz;oa gpw kd;du; gw;wpa Fwpg;g[fs; 

- rpyk;gp y; rkar; bra;jpfs; - rkzf;fhg;gpak; - rka xuikf; fhg;gpa k; - 

bgz;zpaf; fhg;gpa kh? 

kzpBkfiyap d; fhg;gpa mikg;g[ Kiw – fhz;lA;fs; fhijfs; - fhg;gpa 

Behf;fA;fs; - fij epfH;t[fs; - fijTWk; Kiw – fpisf; fijfs;. 

kzpBkfiyapy; rkar;bra;jpfs; - rkaf; fhg;gpak; - bgsj;jf; fUj;Jfs; - 

kzpBkfiyapy; tuyhw;Wf; Fwpg;g[f s; - bgz;zpaf; fhg;gpa kh? 

kzpBkfiyap d; rpwg;g[f;TWfs; - fw;gidj; jp wd; - mzpe yd;fs; - brhy;yhl;rpfs; 

- cj;jpfs;.

myF - 10: 

fijkhe ;ju; gilg;g[ - kzpBkfiy, Rjkjp, cjaFkhud;, mwtz mofs; Bghd;w 

jiyik khe;ju;fs; - Mg[j;jpud;, M jpiu, fharz;oif, kzpBkfyh bja;tk; 

Bghd;w jizik khe;ju;fs;. 

ghlE}y;fs;: 

1. rpyg;gjpfhuk;, (c.Bt.rh gjpg;g[) c.Bt.rh E]y; epiyak;, brd;id. 

2. kzpBkfiy, (bgh.Bt.BrhkRe;judhu;) fHf btspa PL, brd;id. 

******

jhs; : fhg;gpaq;fs; - 1 



gFjp - m 


1. fhg;gpaj;jpw;F ,yf;fzk; $Wk; E}y; ahJ? 

2. rpyg;gjpfhuk; $Wk; Kg;ngUk; cz;ikfs; ahit? 

3. kzpNkfiyapd; Njhop ahu;? 

4. rPtfrpe;jhkzpapy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;s ,yk;gfq;fs; nkhj;jk; vj;jid? 

5. fk;gu; jkJ fhg;gpaj;jpw;F itj;j ngau;? 

6. “cj;jk Nrhog; gy;ytuhad;” vd;w gl;lg;ngau; ahiuf; Fwpf;fpwJ? 

7. guQ;Nrhjpahu; ve;j kd;ddplk; gilj;jiytuhfg; gzpGupe;jhu;? 

8. thypapd; kidtp ngau; vd;d? 

9. Njk;ghtzpapd; ghl;Lilj; jiytd; ahu;? 

10. rPwhg;Guhzj;jpd; fhz;lq;fspd; ngau;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf? 

gFjp - M 


1. fhg;gpaj;jpw;Fj; jz;bahrpupau; $Wk; ,yf;fzk; ahJ?. 

(my;yJ) 

„,ul;ilf;fhg;gpaq;fs;‟ - gw;wpf; Fwpg;G tiuf. 

2. „fhdy; tup‟ vd;W miof;fg;gLtjw;fhd fhuzk; ahJ? 

(my;yJ) 

rpe;jhkzpapy; fhzg;gLk; ey;Yiufis Ek; ghlg;gFjp nfhz;L tpsf;Ff. 

3. fk;gdpd; ngUikfs; rpytw;iwf; $Wf. 

(my;yJ) 

,uhkDf;F trpl;lu; $wpa mwTiufs; ahit? 

4. Nrf;fpohu; gw;wpf; Fwpg;G tiuf. 

(my;yJ) 

jpUntz;fhl;L eq;ifahupd; jpahfj;ij tpsf;Ff. 

5. „Njk;ghtzp‟ - ngau;;f;fhuzk; $Wf. 

(my;yJ) 

rPwhg;Guhzj;jpd; fhg;gpa mikg;ig tpsf;Ff. 

gFjp - , 


1. jkpo;f;fhg;gpaq;fspd; Njhw;wk; tsu;r;rp Fwpj;Jf; fl;Liu tiuf. 

(my;yJ) 

fz;zfpapd; rPw;wj;ij tof;Fiuf;fhij %yk; ntspg;gLj;Jf. 

2. Ffdpd; md;G newp Fwpj;Jf; fl;Liu tiuf. 

(my;yJ) 

rpWnjhz;lupd; md;G newpiaAk;> rptj;njhz;bidAk; tpsf;Ff.

jhs;: njhy;fhg;gpak; - nrhy;yjpfhuk; 

ghlj;jpl;lk; 


Nehf;fk;: njhy;fhg;gpahpd; nrhy;ypyf;fzf; Nfhl;ghLfis 

gapw;Wtpj;jYk; Ma;Tg; Nghf;if cUthf; FjYk; 

myF - 1: 

myF - 2: 

myF - 3: 

myF - 4: 

myF - 5: 

myF - 6: 

myF - 7: 

myF - 8: 

myF - 9: 

jkp Hpy; Bjhd;wp tsh;e;Js;s brhy;ypyf;fz E]y;fis bghJ mwpKfk; bra;jy; 

brhy; vd;gij tp sf;Fjy; - brhy; gFg;g[ Kiwfis tpsf;Fjy; - brhy; vd;w 

gad;gLj;jg;gLk; Kiw fis tp sf;Fjy; - ne;j tpsf;fA;fs; bghJthf mika[k; 

bjhy;fhg;gpaj;jp d; rpw g;g[f;fisa[k; bewpg;ghLfisa[k; tp sf;Fjy; - fpstpahf;fk; - 

bgah;f;fhuzk; - nUjpiz Ik;ghw; brhw;fs; - tGt[k; tGtikjpa[k; - jpiz 

tGtikjp – ghy; tGti kjp – nl tGtikjp – brg;g[ tGtikjp – tpdh 

tGtikjp kug[ tGtikjp - bjhlhpay; ghh;itfs; . 

Btw;Wikapay; - Btw;Wikapd; tifa[k;, bgaUk; - Kjy; Btw;Wik – VG 

Btw;Wikfs; - cUg[fs;, bghUs;fs;. 

Btw;Wik kaA;fpay; - bghUs; kaf;fk;, cUg[ kaf;fk; - xU bghUspy; NUUg[ 

kaA;Fjy; - MFbga h; - tp sp kug[ tp spBa w;Fk; bgah;fs; - ca h;jpizg; bgah; 

tpspBaw;w y; - tp spBay hg; bgah;fs; - tput[g; bgah;fs; tpspBaw;w y; - nd;d gpw. 

bgahpay; - bgahp d; jd;ikfs; - e hy;tifr; brhw ;fSf;Fk; bghJepiy – 

cah;jpizg; bga h;fs; - m|wpizg; bgah;fs; - tput[g; bga h;fs;. 

tpidapay; - tpidr; brhy;ypd; bghJ nyf;fzk; - cah;jpizf;Fhpa bjhpepiy 

tpid – jd;ikba hUik tpidKw ;W – jd;ikg; gd;ik tpidKw ;W – 

glh;f;ifbahUikf;Fhpa d – glh;f;ifg; gd;ikf;Fhpad – cah;jpizf;Fhpa d. 

m|wpizj; bjhpepiy – glh;f;if xUik tpidKw;W – glh;f;ifg; gd;ik 

tpidkw;W – m}|wpizf; Fwpg;g[ tpid – tput[tpid – Kd;dpiy tpidKw ;W – 

tpaA;Bfhs; tpidKw ;W – tpidbar;rk; bgabur;rk; - fhy tGtikjp . 

nilapay; - nilr;brhy;ypd; nyf;fzk; - tiffs; - jj;jk; Fwpg;gpy; bghUs; 

bra;Ftd – mirepiyfs; - nir epiwa ha; tUtd – vz;zp ilr; brhw;fs; - 

chpapay; - brhw;fs; - Fwpg;g[g; gw;wp tUtd – xUbrhy; xU bghUl;FhpaJ – 

xUbrhy; gy; bghUl;FhpaJ – gybrhy; xUbghUSf;Fhpad – gz;g[ gw;wp tUtd - 

nirgw;wp tUtd – chpr;brhy; : bghUs; czUk; epiy . 

vr;rtpay; - bga h;f; fhuzk; - bra;a[s; xHpg[ - e hy;tifr; brhw;fs; - bra;a[s; 

tpfhuk; - bkhHp g[zhpay;g[ - tHf;fpyf;fzj;J xHp g[ - bjhifr; brhw;fs; - 

Btw;Wikj; bjhif – ctkj; bjhif – tpidj;bjhif – gz;g[j;bjhif – 

ck;ikj;bjhif – md;bkhHp j; bjhif.

myF - 10: mLf;F – xu brhy; mLf;F – nir epiw – mir epiy – bghUBshL g[zh;jy; 

mirepiy mLf;F – tpidKw;W vr;rA;fs; - gphpepiy vr;rk; - tpidbar;rk; - 

bgabur;rk; - xHpapirvr;rk; vjh; kiwbar;rk; - ck;ikbar;rk; - vdbtd; vr;rk; - 

Fwpg;bgr;rk; - nirbar;rk; - brhy;byr;rk;. kug[xHpg[ - mitay;fp stp – 

nuj;jy;fp stp – tHf;F bewpahy; tUtd – Fwpg;g[bkhHp – Kd;dpiyr; brhy; - 

xUbghUs; nUbrhy; - xUik, Kd;dpiy Rl;oa bgah;fs;. 

%y E}y;fs;: njhy;fhg;gpak; - nrhy;yjpfhuk; 


ciufis mog;gilahff; bfhz;L tp dhf;fs; mikjy; TlhJ. 

M.rptypA;fdhh; ciu tsA;fSk, n. Re;juK}h;j;jpap d; brhy;yjpfhur; BrdhtiuaKk;. 

******

jhs; : njhy;fhg;gpak; - nrhy;yjpfhuk; 



gFjp - m 

I. gpd;tUk; xU tup E}w;ghf;fspy; fhzg;gLk; Nfhbl;l ,lj;ij epug;Gf. (10 X 1 = 10) 

1. tpdhTk; nrg;Ng ---------------------------- vjph;tupNd. 

2. ,ul;ilf; fpstp ------------------------------- gpupe;jpirah. 

3. Ntw;Wik jhNk ------------------------------- nkhopa. 

4. Ntw;Wik kUq;fpy; ------------------------- Ntz;Lk;. 

5. vy;yhr; nrhy;Yk; ---------------------------- Fwpj;jdNt. 

6. jhk; vd; fpstp ------------------------------ cupj;Nj. 

7. fhyk; jhNk ----------------------------------- vd nkhopg. 

8. cupr;nrhy; kUq;fpDk; --------------------- chpa. 

9. ,ilr;nrhy; vy;yhk; ------------------------ nrhy;Ny. 

10. ctkj; njhifNa --------------------------- ,ay. 

gFjp - M 

II gpd;tUtdtw;wpw;F 200 nrhw;fSf;Ff Fiwahky; tpil mspf;fTk; (5 X 6 = 30) 

11. Ntw;Wikfs; vj;jid? xt;nthd;Wf;Fk; rhd;W fhl;b tpsf;Ff. 

Ntw;Wik cUGfs; kaq;FjYf;Fr; rhd;Wfs; fhl;b tpsf;Ff. 

12. jpizfs;> ghy;fs;. ghy; rhd;WfSld; tpsf;Ff. 

tpidr;nrhw;fspd; tiffis vOJf. 

15. nganur;r> tpid vr;rq;fSf;Fr; rhd;W fhl;b tpsf;Ff. 

Fwpg;G tpidKw;Wg; gw;wpf; Fwpg;G vOJf. 

16. chpr;nrhw;fs; gj;jpid (10) vOjp tpsf;Ff. 

gz;Gj;njhif ,yf;fzk; $wpr; rpy rhd;WfSld; tpsf;Ff. 

gFjp - , 

III. gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; vitNaDk; ,uz;lDf;F 800 nrhw;fSf;Ff; Fiwahky; tpil vOJf. 

(2 X 10= 20) 

17. nry;yjpfhuj;jpy; mike;Js;s ,ay;fs; Fwpj;Jf; fl;Liu vOJf. 

18. nrhy;yjpfhuj;jpy; mike;Js;s njhlupay; rpe;jidfisf; Fwpj;J vOJf. 

19. vr;rtpaypy; $wg;ngWk; nra;jpfisj; jpul;b vOJf. 

20. ,ilr;nrhw;fs; gw;wpf; fl;Liu tiuf. 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ)

ghlk;: xg;gpyf;fpak;: Xu; mwpKfk; 

ghlj;jpl;lk; 


Nehf;fk;: 

myF - 1: 

myF - 2: 

myF - 3: 

myF - 4: 

myF - 5: 

myF - 6: 

xg;gp yf;fpa k; : - xg;gpyf;fpak; vd;w hy; vd;d vd;gij tiuaWg;gjpy; cs;s 

rpf;fy;fs; - tiuaiw – vy;iy – xg;gpyf;fpak; gw ;wpa gpbuq;R kw;Wk; mbkhpf;f 

ehl;lthpd; tiua iw fs; – xg;gpyf;fpak; - cyf nyf;fpa k; - bghJ nyf;fpa k; - 

Bjrpanyf;fpak; - nd;d gpw – xg;gpyf;fpa k; bghUs; tpsf;fk; - Behf;fk;. 

jhf;ff; Bfhl;ghL : – Bghyr;bra;jy; - jhf;fj;Jf;Fk; Bghyr; bra ;jYf;Fk; cs;s 

BtWghL – jhf;f Ma;tpd; bewpKiwfs; - jhf;f Ma;t[ Jg;g[Jyf;Ftjw;F 

nizahdJ – jhf;f Ma;tp d; Be hf;fk; - jhf;fj;ija[k; mjd;tHp nu z;lhk; 

gilg;ghshpd; TLjy; gA;fspg;iga[k; mwp jy; - jkp Hpy; nf;Bfhl;ghl;il Vw;w 

vLj;Jf;fhl;LfSld; bghUj;jpg;ghh;j;jy; - niztiufs;. 

tuBtw;g[f;Bfhl;ghLk; epiyBgw hf;fKk; - jhf;fj;jpw;Fk; tuBtw;gpw;Fk; cs;s 

BtWghL – gilg;ghsd; - thrfd; - kjpg;gPl;lhsh ; - btspa Pl;lhsd; - 

bjhlh;g[ila gpw – nyf;fpa tuBtw;g[ - nyf;fpa cstpay; - nyf;fpar; rK}ftpay; 

- jukhd gilg;ghspfisa [k;, gilg;g[fisa[k; kPl;blLj;jy; - jkp Hpy; 

nf;Bfhl;ghl;il Vw;w vLj;Jf;fhl;LfSld; bghUj;jpf; fhl;Ljy;. 

nyf;fpa tifikf; Bfhl;ghL – nyf;fpa tifikfspd; c Uthf;fk; - 

tifg;gLj;Jjypy; cs;s rpf;fy;fs; - xg;gp yf;fpaj;jpy; tifik Ma;t[ - tifik 

tuyhW – nyf;fpa naf;fk; - nyf;fpa tifikfl;fp ilBaahd cwt[ Kiwfspd; 

Ma;t[ - tifikfs; ehL tp l;L ehL gut[jy; - gpbuq;R xg;gp yf;fpathjpfsp d; 

Th;jywf; Bfhl;ghL – nyf;fpa tifikf;Bfhl;ghL – cyf mstpy; nyf;fpa 

tifik – jkp Hpy; nyf;fpa tifik – jkpHpy; nyf;fpa tifg;ghl;Lg; Bghf;F – 

jkp Hpy; tifik Ma;tpw;fhd jdpap lk; - ghl;oay; fhl;Lk; nyf;fpa tifik – 

nd;d gpw. 

mof;fUj;jpay; Bfhl;ghL : – mof;fUj;jpay; vd;w hy; vd;d – mof;fUj;J vDk; 

brhw;bghUs; tp sf;fk; - mof;fUj;J vt;thW c UthfpwJ – l;UBrhd; (bgy;$pa k;) 

|gpuhd;!py; (b$u;kd;) #hupbytpd; (mbkup f;fh) Mfpatu;fsp d; mof;fUj;Jf;fs; 

gw;wpa tiuaiwfs; - #pl;Byupad; mof;fUj;J – g[BuhkjPa!; mof;fUj;J – 

jkp Hpy; mof;fUj;J – mfypif mof;fUj; J – ee;jd; mof;fUj;J – kJiu tPud; 

mof;fUj;jJ – mof;fUj;ij xg;gpl;L Ma[k; Kiw – mof;fUj;Jf;Fk; 

Jizf;fUj;Jf;Fk; cs;s cst[ - nd;dgpw. 

nyf;fpa j;jpw;Fk; nd;dgpw fiyfl;Fk; nilBa cs;s cwt[ – 

fiyfSf;fpilBaahd bfhs;tpid, bfhLg;gpid – cstpay; rK}ftpay; - 

nyf;fpa k; - fiyfs; vt;thW xd;iwbahd;W tsu;j ;Jf; bfhs;fp d;w d – fiyfs; 

xd;BwhL xd;W vt;thW tp sf;fk; bgWfp d;w d – fiy nyf;fpa A;fSf;fpilBaahd 

xg;g[ik - tuyhW kw;Wk; rK}f nyf;fpa A;fs; - nd;d gpw.

myF - 7: 

nyf;fpa fhyk; - nyf;fpa naf;fk; - nyf;fpag; ghuk;gupa k; - nyf;fpa tuyhW 

– fhyA;fSk; nyf;fp aA;fSk; - naf;fA;fSk; nyf;fpaA;fSk; - naf;fA;fSk; 

gilg;ghsu;fSk; - naf;fA;fSf;Ff; fl;Lg;glhj gilg;g[ - xBu gilg;ghsd; 

gynaf;fg; Bghf;Ffis cl;bfhs;sy; - B&f;!;gpaiu ve;jbthU naf;fj;jpw;Fk; 

fl;Lg;gl;ltu; v d;W TwKoahJ – xBu gilg;gpw;Fs; gy naf;fA;fsp d; jhf;fk; 

nlk; bgWjy;. 


1. rr;rpjhde;jd;.it xg;gpyf;fpak; Xu; mwpKfk; - Mf;!;Bghu;L a[dptu;rpl;o. 

2. jkp Hz;zy xg;gpyf;fp ak; Xh; mwpKfk; - kPdhl;rp g[j;jf epiyak; kJiu – 

1973 

3. ifyhrgjp . f. xg;gpa y; n yf;fpa k; - ghl;lhspfs; btspaPL , brd;id 

1978 

4. We isstein U lr ich - Comparat i ve L it e rature and L it e ra ry 

T h eo ry , 

S u r ve y & Introduct ion , I ndiana 

U nivers it y , B loo mi ngton, 19 7 3 

******

jhs; : xg;gpyf;fpak; Xh; mwpKfk; 



gFjp - m 

I. XhpU tupfspy; tpil jUf (10 X 1 = 10) 

1. xg;gpyf;fpak; vd;why; vd;d? tiuaiw nra;f. 

2. nghJik ,yf;fpak; - tpsf;Ff 

3. jkpopy; xg;gpyf;fpa topfhl;bfs; rpyiuf; Fwpg;gpLf. 

4. Vw;wy; nfhs;if vd;gJ ahJ? 

5. ,yf;fpa tifikapd; rpwg;G ahJ? 

6. xg;gpyf;fpa Ma;tpy;> jhf;fk; ngWk; ,lk; ahJ? 

7. gpnuQ;Rf; Nfhl;ghL vd;why; vd;d? 

8. xg;gpyf;fpaj;jpy;> nkhopngah;g;gpd; ,d;wpaikahikia tpsf;Ff? 

9. $h;jywf; Nfhl;ghL vd;why; vd;d? 

10. gilg;ghsp cstpay; - tpsf;Ff. 

gFjp - M 

II. vitNaDk; Ie;JDf;F tpilasp (5 X 6 = 30) 

11. nghJik ,yf;fpak; (General Literature) vd;gij tpsf;Ff. 

12. xg;gpyf;fpa Ma;T newpfspy; gpnuQ;Rf; Nfhl;ghL ngWkplk; ahJ? 

13. jhf;fj;jpw;Fk;> tuNtw;gpw;Fk; cs;s NtWghLfs; ahit? 

14. njhy;fhg;gpah; jUk; KUfpay; mbg;gil ,yf;fpa tifikfis Muha;f. 

15. mbf;fUj;ij xg;gpl;L MAk; Kiwfis tpsf;Ff. 

16. jkpopy; jhf;ff; Nfhl;ghl;il vLj;Jf;fhl;LfSld; nghUj;jpf; fhl;Lf. 

17. ,yf;fpa tifikf;fpilNaahd cwTKiwfspd; Ma;T gw;wp Muha;f. 

18. ghl;bay; fhl;Lk; ,yf;fpa tifik Fwpj;Jf; fl;Liu tiuf. 

gFjp - , 

III. gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;Ff; fl;Liu tbtpy; tpiljUf (2 X 10= 20) 

20. ,yf;fpa tsh;r;rp tuyhw;iw> xg;gpay; mbg;gilapy; vt;thW Muhayhk;? 

(my;yJ) 

Ez;fiyfs;> ,yf;fpaj;Jld; neUq;fpa cwTilad vd;gij epWTf. 

21. jkpopy; ,yf;fpa tifg;ghl;Lg; Nghf;fpidAk;> tifik Ma;tpw;fhd jdpaplj;ijAk; 

tpthp. 

(my;yJ) 

Ez;fiyfs;> ,yf;fpaj;Jld; neUq;fpa cwTilad vd;gij epWTf.

jhs;;: ,e;jpa ,yf;fpa tuyhW 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


Nehf;fk;: 1. ne;jpa nyf;fpa tuyhw;iwg; bghJ epiyapy; mwp kfg;gLj;Jjy; 

2. jpuhtpl bkhHpfsp d; nyf;fpa tuyhw;iwa[k;, tlbkhHp nyf;fpa tuyhw;iwa[k; 

bjhFj;Jf; TWjy;. 

myF - 1: nyf;fpak; - bghJ mwpKfk; - nyf;fpak; xU tiuaiw – nyf;fpaj;Bjhw;wk; - 

nyf;fpa j;jpd; na y;g[fs; - nyf;fpaKk; tuyhWk;. 

myF - 2: jpuhtp lk; - bkhHp – jpuhtplbkhHp – jkp H; - kiyahsk; - fd;dlk; - bjYA;F – 

FlF gpw jpuhtpl bkhHpfs; - jpuhtp l bkhHp nyf;fpa k; - jp uhtpl nyf;fpa j; 

Bjhw;wk; - Behf;fKk; gaDk;. 

myF - 3: jpuhtp l bkhHpfspy; bjhlf;ff; fhy nyf;fp aA;fs; - mw nyf;fpa A;fs;. 

myF - 4: jpuhtp l bkhHpfspy; gf;jp nyf;fpak; - fhg;gpaA;fs; - nuhkhazk; - ghujk;. 

myF - 5: jpuhtp l bkhHpfspy; rp w;wpyf;fpaA;fs; - brhy;Yk; bghUSk; - nyf;fpa tiffs;. 

myF - 6: jpuhtp l bkhHpfspy; nf;fhy nyf;fpak; - ftpij – ciueil – ehty; - 

rpWfij – ehlfk;. 

myF - 7: jpuhtp l bkhHpfspy; bkhHpbga h;g;g[ nyf;fpak; gHA;fhyk; - ehd;FbkhHp jk;Ks; - 

tlbkhHp – jw;fhyk; - bjhlf;fk; - gpw bkhHpfsp ypUe;J – gpw bkhHpfSf;F. 

myF - 8: tlbkhHp j; Bjhw;w k; - BtjA;fs; - gpuhkzA;fs; - cgepljA;fs;. 

myF - 9: tlbkhHpapy; jhprdA;fs; - brk;bkhHpj;Bjhw;w k; - njpfhrA;fs; - gf;jpg;ghly;fs; 

- rhp j;jpuf; fhtpa k;. 

myF - 10: tlbkhHpapy; ehlfk; - ehlftpay; - mzp na y;. 


1. r.Bt.Rg;gpukzpad;, jpuhtpl bkhHp nyf;fpa A;fs;, cyfj;jkp Hhuha;r;rp epWtdk;, 

brd;id – 113. 

2. ethypa{h; eluh$d;, tlbkhHp nyf;fpa tuyhW, fiyqd; gjpg;gfk;, brd;id 

*****

jhs; : ,e;jpa ,yf;fpa tuyhW 



gFjp - m 


1. „Qhdj;jpUf;Fws;‟ - E}iy ,aw;wpaJ ahh;? 

2. kiyahs nkhopf;Fhpa ,yf;fz; E}y; vJ? 

3. nghpa jpUnkhopiag; ghbath; ahh;? 

4. ,uhtzd; my;yJ ,izaw;w tPud; vd;Dk; E}y; ahuhy; vOjg;gl;lJ? 

5. „grtGuhzk;‟ vk;nkhop E}y;? 

6. gjpw;Wg;gj;jpy; me;jhjpahf mike;j gj;J vJ? 

7. „re;Njrk;‟ vd;gJ vjidf; Fwpf;Fk;? 

8. „ghyghujp‟ vdg; Nghw;wg;gLgth; ahh;? 

9. „ngy;yp gjY‟ vt;tif rhh;e;j ehl;Lg;Gwg; ghly;? 

10. „md;idf;F‟ vd;Dk; GidT fbj ,yf;fpaj;ijg; gilj;j Mrphpah; ahh;? 

gFjp - M 


1. „jpuhtplk;‟ - nrhw;nghUs; tpsf;Ff. 

(my;yJ) 

gjpndz;fPo;f;fzf;F E}y;fisAk; mtw;wpd; Mrphpah; ngah;fisAk; gl;baypLf. 

2. vjph;epiy ,uhkhaz E}y;fs; vit? - tpsf;Ff. 

(my;yJ) 

jkpopy; Njhd;wpa njhlf;ffhy ehty;fis mwpKfk; nra;f. 

3. mf;fhkhNjtp - rpW Fwpg;G tiuf. 

(my;yJ) 

fhiuf;fhy; mk;ikahh; Fwpj;J vOJf. 

4. jkpopy; Njhd;wpa rpWth; ,yf;fpa E}y;fs; Fwpj;J tpsf;fk; jUf. 

fjfsp - tpsf;Ff. 

5. guzp gw;wp tpsf;Ff. 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ) 

„,uhk rhpjk;‟ Fwpj;J rpW Fwpg;G tiuf. 

gFjp - , 


1. jpuhtpl nkhopfspy; Njhd;wpa njhlf;ffhy ,yf;fpaq;fs; vit? tpsf;Ff. 

(my;yJ) 

jpuhtpl nkhopfspy; Njhd;wpa ,uhkhaz E}y;fs; Fwpj;J xU fl;Liu tiuf. 

2. jkpopy; Njhd;wpAs;s nkhopngah;g;G E}y;fis kjpg;gpLf. 

(my;yJ) 

jkpo; ehl;Lg;Gw ,yf;fpaq;fisg; gpw jpuhtpl nkhopfNshL xg;gpLf.

jhs;: ehl;Lg;Gwtpay; (FOLK LORE) 

ghlj;jpl;lk; 


Nehf;fk;: fle;j xU E]w;whz;L fhykhf cyfk; KGtJk; nd;wp aikahik bgw;Ws;s 

ehl;Lg;g[w tpay; ghlj;ijj; jkpHfg; g[Jitr; R{HYld; fw ;gpj;jy;. 

myF - 1: ehl;Lg;g[wtpay; tpsf;fk; 

Folk vd;w brhy;ypd; tpsf;fk;, Lore vd;w brhy;ypd; tp sf;fk;, Folklore vd;gjd; 

bghUs;epiy tp sf;fk;, Folklore vd;gjw;F nizahd jkp H;r; brhw; fs; Fwpj;j 

tpsf;fA;fs;, ehl;Lg;g[wtpaypd; tiffs;, tha;bkhHp nyf;fpak;, epfH;fiyfs;, 

elj;ijrhh; ehl;Lg;g[w tpay;, bghUs;rhh; gz;ghL, gDty; (Text), niHt[ mikg;g[ 

(Texture), R{Hy; (Context) 

myF - 2: ehl;Lg;Gwtpay; tuyhW 

cyf ehl;Lg;g[wtpa y; tuyhW , ne;jpa ehl;Lg;g[wtpay; tuyhW , jkpHf 

ehl;Lg;g[w tpay; tuyhW, g[Jit e hl;Lg;g[wtpay; tuyhW , nJtiu eilbgw;Ws;s 

gapyuA;Ffs;, fUj;juA;Ffs;, btspaPLfs;, gj;jphp;iffs; kw;Wk; mit bjhlh;g[ila 

gzpfs; 

myF - 3: tha;nkhop ,yf;fpak; - I 

3.1 ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijfs; 

tha;bkhHp nyf;fpa j;jpw;Fk; Vl;oyf;fpaj;jpw;Fkhd BtWghLfs; , ehl;Lg;g[wf; 

fijfs;, fij tp sf;fk; , Bjtijf; fijfs; , bjhd;kf; fijfs; , gHkug[f; fijfs; , 

ehl;Lg;g[wf; fijfs; , fijfsp d; bghJthd cs;slf;fk; , nd;wpaikahj fijj; 

bjhFg;g[f;fs; 

3.2: gpuhg;gp d; ehl;Lg;g[wf; fijfspd; cs;fl;likg;g[ vd;w E}]ypy; cs;s Bfhl;ghl;il 

bghJthf mwpKfk; bra;jy;. 

myF - 4: tha;nkhop ,yf;fpak; - II 

4.1 ehl;Lg;Gwg;ghly;fs; 

ghly;fspd; tpsf;fk; , ghlypd; BtWbgah;fs; , jhyhl;Lg; ghly;fs; , rpWth; 

ghly;fs;, fhjy; ghly;fs; , M l;lg; ghly;fs; , gf;jp g; ghly;fs; , bjhHpy; 

ghly;fs;, xg;ghhpg; ghly;fs; , ghly;fs; fhl;Lk; rKjha k;, nd;wpaikahj 

bjhFg;g[f;fs; 

4.2 fijg;ghly;fs; 

fijg;ghly; tpsf;fk; , fijg;ghly;-fhg;gp ak; BtWghLfs; , fijg;ghly; tiffs;, 

tuyhw;Wf;fijg;ghly;fs; , rK}ff; fijg;ghly;fs; , g[uhzf; fijg;ghly;fs; , 

fijg;ghly; jiyth;fs; , fijg;ghlyp d; bghJ mikg;g[Kiw , nd;wpaikahj 

fijg;ghly; gjpg;g[fs; 

myF - 5: tha;nkhop ,yf;fpak; - III 

5.1 gonkhopfs; 

gHbkhHpfs;, gHbkhHp brhy;epiy tp sf;fk;, gHbkhHp bghUz;ik tp sf;fk;, 

gHbkhHp na y;g[fs;, niHt[f;TWfs;, R{Hy; gHbkhHpapy; fijfs;, gHbkhHpa[k; 

fijfSk;, gHbkhHpap d; tiffs;, gHbkhHpfsp d; mikg;g[ Kiwfs;, nd;wpaikahj 

bjhFg;g[f;fs; 

5.2 tpLfijfs; 

tpLfijfs;, tpLfij bghUz;ik tpsf;fk;, tpLfij brhy;epiy tp sf;fk;, tpLfij 

BghLk; jUtha;fs;, tp Lfij mkh;t[, R{Hy;, gA; Bfw;ghsh;fs;, tp Lfij tiffs;, 

tpLfijapd; mikg;g[Kiwfs;, nd;wpaikahj bjhFg;g[f;fs;

myF - 6: ehl;Lg;Gw epfo;fiyfs; 

ehl;Lg;g[w epfH;fiya pd; tp sf;fk; , nir totA;fs; , ghl;L totA;fs; , M l;l 

totA;fs; , rlA;F totA;fs; , epfH;j;JgtDf;Fk; ghh;ita hsUf;Fkhd bjhlh;g[fs; 

myF -7: elj;ijrhh; ehl;Lg;Gwtpay; 

elj;ij vd;gjd; tpsf;fk; , gHf;f tHf;fA;fs; , e k;gpf;iffs; , tpisahl;Lf;fs; , 

tpHhf;fs; , e hl;Lg;g[w rkak; , rkak; gw;wpa bghJ tp sf;fk; , Mtpapak; (Animism), 

caphpak; (Animatism), Bghd;ikapak; (Fetishism), Fyf;Fwpapak; (Totemism), 

rpWbja;tk;/bgUe;bja;tk; ghFghL , ehl;Lg;g[w bja;tA;fSk; kf;fSk; rlA;Ffs; , 

ehl;Lg;g[w kUj;Jtk;, nd;wpaika hj Ma;t[fs; 

myF -8: nghUs;rhh; gz;ghL (material culture) 

rK}fKk; g[HA;F bghUl;fSk; , iftp idf; fiyfs; , kz;ghz;lf; fiyfs;, 

kidf;fsg; bghUl;fs; , rpw;gf;fl;olf; fiyfs; , Mil, mzpfyd;fs; , 

XtpaA;fs; , czt[fs;, nUg;gp lA;fs;, thfdA;fs; , nd;wpaika hj Ma;t[fSk; 

bjhFg;g[f;fSk; 

myF - 9: ehl;Lg;GwtpaYk; fsg;gzpAk; 

Ma;t[f;fsKk; jut[fSk; , fsg;gzpapd; mog;gilfs; , fsg;gzpahsd; jFjpfs; , 

sg;gzp Kiwfs; , M a;t[f; fUtpfSk; cj;jpfSk; , jftyhspfspd; jsepiyfs; , 

jkp H; ehl;Lg;g[wtpay; fsg;gzp mDgtE]y;fs; 

myF - 10: ehl;Lg;GwtpaYk; gpwJiwfSk; 

ehl;Lg;g[w tpay; xU gy;Jiw j; bjhFg;g[ , e hl;Lg;g[wtpa Yk; nyf;fp aKk; , 

ehl;Lg;g[w tpaYk; khdp ltpa Yk; , ehl;Lg;g[w tpaYk; rK}ftpa Yk; , ehl;Lg;g[w tpaYk; 

bkhHpapaYk; , ehl;Lg;g[w tpaYk; t uyhWk;, ehl;Lg;g[wtpa Yk; Rw;Wg;g[wr; R{HypaYk; , 

ehl;Lg;g[w tpaYk; ndtiutpa Yk; , ehl;Lg;g[w tp aYk; ClftpaYk;. 


1. nuhke hjd;, MW., ehl;Lg;g[wna y; 

kzpthrfh; gjpg;gfk; 

rpjk;guk;, 2003. 

2. rf;jpBty;, R., ehl;Lg;g[wna y; Ma;t[ 


brd;id, 2005. 

jpUj;jpa gjpg;g[, 1992 

3. rz;Kf Re ;juk;, R., ehl;Lg;g[w tpay; 

kzpthrfh; E]yfk; 

brd;id, 1992 

4. &., ehl;Lg;g[w nyf;fpa tuyhW 


rpjk;guk;, 1988 

5. Y]h;J, Bj., ehl;lhh; thf;fhw ;wpay;: rpy mog;gilfs; 

ehl;lhh; tHf;fhw ;wpay; Ma;t[ika k; 

ghisa A; Bfhl;il 

nuz;lhk; gjpg;g[, 2000 

6. Dundes, Alan, Th e Stud y o f Folklore 

New Lessy, Englewood Cliffs, 

Prentice Hall, 1965 

7. &., Essays in Folklo ristic, Meertu, Folklore 

Institute, 1978 

8. Dorson, Rich ard, (ed) Folklore and Folklife: An Introduction, 

Th e Chicago University, 

Press, Chicago, 1972 

9. Propp. V Th e Morphology o f the Fo lktale, University o f 

Taxaspress, American Folklore Society, USA 

1988.

jhs; : ehl;Lg;Gwtpay; 



gFjp - m 

I. fPo;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F XupU tupfspy; tpiljUf. (10 X 1 = 10) 

1. njhy;fhg;gpak; tpLfijia vr;nrhy;yhy; Fwpf;fpd;wJ? 

2. „jkpou; ehl;Lg;ghly;fs;‟ vd;w E}ypd; gjpg;ghrpupau; ahu;? 

3. „Folk Lore‟ vd;w nrhy;iy Kjypy; cUthf;fpatu; ahu;?. 

4. Guhzf;fij (myth) ehl;Lg;Gwf;fij (Tale) ,uz;bw;Fkhd NtWghLfspy; xd;wpidr; 

Rl;Lf. 

5. gonkhopapd; NtWngau;fs; ,uz;bidf; $Wf. 

6. ehl;lg;Gwf; fijfspd; cs;fl;likg;G (Morphology of Fokl Tales) vDk; E}ypd; 

Mrpupau; ahu;? . 

7. cw;W Nehf;fypd; ,U tiffs; ahit?. 

8. „Fyf;Fwp‟ vd;why; vd;d? 

9. jkpof tuyhw;Wf; fijg; ghly;fs; ,uz;bidf; Fwpg;gpLf. 

10. „jhyhl;L‟ - gpupj;J nrhw;nghUs; tpsf;fk; jUf. 

gFjp - M 

II xU gf;f mstpy; tpil jUf (5 X 6 = 30) 

11. xg;ghupg; ghly;fspd; nghUz;ik. (my;yJ) 

jkpo; ehl;Lg;Gwf; fijj; njhFg;Gf;fs; gw;wp vOJf. 

12. fijg; ghlypd; tiffs;. 

(my;yJ) 

gonkhopapd; tiffs; Fwpj;J tpsf;Ff. 

13. tpLfijapd; nghJ mikg;G. 

njUf;$j;Jf; fiy tbtk; gw;wp tpsf;Ff 

14. kz;ghz;lf; fiy. (my;yJ) 

rpWnja;tq;fs; Fwpj;Jf;Fwpg;G tiuf. 

(my;yJ) 

15. fsg;gzpahsdpd; jFjpfs;. 

(my;yJ) 

ehl;Lg;GwtpaYf;Fk; nkhopapaYf;FKs;s njhlh;G gw;wp vOJf. 

gFjp - , 

III. vitNaDk; ,uz;lDf;F fl;Liu tbtpy; tpil jUf. 

(2 X 10= 20) 

16. gpuhg;gpd; mikg;gpay; Nfhl;ghl;il tpsf;Ff. 

17. jkpo;f; fijg;ghly;fs; fhl;Lk; r%fg; gz;ghl;L tuyhw;wpid Muha;f. 

18. jkpof ehl;Lg;Gwtpay; Ma;T tuyhw;wpid tpsf;fp kjpg;gpLf.

ghlk;: rq;f ,yf;fpak; 

(nfhs;if mbg;gilapyhd ghlk;) 

ghlj;jpl;lk; 


Nehf;fk;: njhy;fhg;gpaf; bfhs;if mog;gilapy; rA;f nyf;fpa g; ghly;fis khzth;fl;Ff; 

fw;gpj;jy;. 

tpdh mikg;G: 

ghlj;jpl;lj;jpy; nlk; bgw;Ws;s bfhs;iffsp d; mog;gilapy; kl;LBk 

tpdhf;fs; mikjy; Btz;Lk;. jdpg;gl;l ve ;jr; rA;fg; ghly;fisa[k; Fwpg;gp l;L 

tpdh mikjy; TlhJ. 

myF - 1: 

myF - 2: 

myF - 3: 

myF - 4: 

nyf;fpa k; - rA;f nyf;fpak; - mfk; kw ;Wk; g[w nyf;fpaA;fs; - rA;f nyf;fpaf; 

bfhs;iffs; gw;wpa mog;gil tp sf;fA;fs ; - nd;d gpw. 

rA;f mf nyf;fpag; bghUl; bfhs;iffs; gw;wpa mwpKfk;: Kjw;bghUl; bfhs;if 

– fUg;bghUl; bfhs;if – chpg;bghUl; bfhs;if – Kjw; 

fUchpg;bghUl;bfhs;ifia tp sf;Ffp d;w rA;f mfg;ghly;fs;. 

rA;f nyf;fpa A;fspy; Kjy;, fUg;bghUl; bfhs;iff sp d; tG epiya[k; - 

chpg;bghUl; bfhs;iffsp d; tHh epiya[k;. 

rA;f mf nyf;fpag; ghj;jpuf; bfhs;if gw;wpa mwpKfk;: jiytd; - jiytp – 

BjhHp – brtpyp – guj;ij Mfpa ghj;jpuf; bfhs;iffs; - rA;f mf nyf;fpag; 

ghj;jpuf; bfhs;iffis tphp thf tp sf;Fjy;. 

jiytd; ghj;jpuf; nfhs;if:- 

fst[ thH;tpy; ehl;lKila tdhf nUj;jy; - jiytpapd; eyk; ghuhl;ly; - klBywj; 

Jzpjy; - fw;g[ thH;tpy; bghUs; kw;Wk; guj;jik kPJ ehl;lA;bfhs;sy; - nd;d 

gpw. 

jiytp ghj;jpuf; nfhs;if:- 

fst[ thH;tpy; jiytd; kPJ e hl;lKila tdhf nUj;jy; - fst[ thH; tp d; kPJ 

mr;rk;, ftiy Bghd;w FzA;fisg; bgw;wtshf nUj;jy; - ghiyg; gphptpy; kdk; 

behe;J thH;jy; - Ky;iy thH;tpy; Mw;wpapUf;Fk; gz;g[ - jiytdp d; 

guj;jikiag; bghWj;jy; - ny;ywf; flikiag; Bghw;Wjy; - nd;d gpw. 

jiytp ghj;jpuf; nfhs;if:- 

jiytpapd; eyj;jpw;fhfBt thH;jy; - kjpf; Th;ik bgw;wpUj;jy; - kpf;f ehfhpfg; 

gz;gpidg; bgw;wpUj;jy; - mw g;gz;g[ kpf;fpUj;jy; - td;jd;ik cilatshf 

nUj;jy; - nd;d gpw. 

guj;ij ghj;jpuf; nfhs;if:- 

gz;ghl;il kPWjy; - jiytpiag; gHpj;jy; - jd;id epahg;gLj;jpf; bfhs;Sjy; - 

nd;d gpw. 

myF - 5: 

rA;f mf nyf;fpa ctikf; bfhs;iffs; gw;wpa mwpKfk;:cs;Siw – niwr;rp 

gw;wpa bfhs;iffs; - Vid ctkk; gw;wpa bfhs;iffs; - Kjy;, fUg;bghUl;fis 

chpg;bghUBshLk;, chpg;bghUs; khe ;ju;fBshLk; ctkp j;jy; - Kjy;, 

fUg;bghUl;fis Kjy;, fUg;bghUl;fBshBl ctkpj;J kiwKfk hf chpg;bghUBshL 

bjhlh;g[gLj;Jjy; - Kjy;, fUg;bghUl;fis btsp g;gLj;jp mj;jifa ehld; vd;W 

Twp kiwKfkhf ctkp j;jy; - kw;Wk; nd;d gpw.

myF - 6: 

bka;g;ghl;Lf; bfhs;iffs; Xh; mwpKfk;: e if Kjyhd vz;tif bka;g;ghLfs; - 

rA;fg; ghly;fsp y; btspg;gl;Ls;s ghd;ikapid tp sf;Fjy;. 

myF - 7: 

ghlE}y;fs;;: 

rA;ffhyg; g[w nyf;fp af; bfhs;iffs; Xh; mwpKfk;; btl;rp – tq;rp – cHpiq – 

Jk;ig – thif – fhq;rp – ghlhz; gw;wp a g[w nyf;fpaf; bfhs;iffs; gw;wpa 

RUf;fkhd mwpKfk; - g[w nyf;fpaf; bfhs;iffs; g[w g;ghly;fspy; btspg;gLk; 

ghA;F. 

1. FWe;bjhif 

[(rhkpehj Ia h;, c.Bt (g.h;)] 

Bf!;hp mr;Rf;Tl;lk;, 

brd;id – 1937 Mk; Mz;L. 

2. g[wehD]W 


[(rhkpehj Ia h;, c.Bt (g.h;)] 

yh b$h;dy; mr;Rf;Tlk; (3 -M k; gjpg;g[) 

brd;id – 1935. 

1. Rg;g[ bul;oahh;. e 

bjhy;fhg;gpak; fhl;Lk; thH;f;if 

gHdpag;gh gpuju!; 

brd;id – 2002. 

2. jkp Hz;zy; 

rA;f nyf;fpa; xg;gPL – nyf;fpaf; bfhs;iffs; 

kPdhl;rp g[j;jf epiya k;, 

kJiu – ork;gh; 1985. 

3. bjhy;fhg;gpah; 

bjhy;fhg;gpak; - bghUs; - nsk;g{udk; 

fHf btspaPL (kWgjp g;g[) 

brd;id – 1969. 

4. khzpf;fk;.t.Rg 

jkp H;f; fhjy;, 

kzpthrfh; E]yfk;, 

rpjk;guk; - 1962. 

******

jhs; : rq;f ,yf;fpak; 



gFjp - m 


1. ehD}W ghly;fs; mikag; ngw;w mfk; kw;Wk; Gw ,yf;fpag; ngah;fs; ,uz;lidf; 

Fwpg;gpLf? 

2. mf ,yf;fpaq;fspy; ,lk; ngw;wpUf;Fk; Kg;nghUl;fs; ahit? 

3. tOepiy> tohepiy vd;why; vd;d? mf ,yf;fpa kugpy; vg;nghUl;fs; tOepiy 

ngwyhk;> vg;nghUs;fs; toh epiy ngWk;? 

4. rq;f mf ,yf;fpaf; fijkhe;jh;fs; Ith;jk; ghj;jpug; ngah;fisf; Fwpg;gpLf. 

5. flyd;d fhkk; coe;Jk; klNywhj ghj;jpuk; vJ? Vd;? 

6. jiytp ghj;jpuj;jpd; Fwpf;fj;jF Fzeyd;fs; ehd;fidf; $Wf? 

7. „Njhop mwj;NjhL epw;wy;‟ vd;why; vd;d? 

8. guj;ijah;jk; %tifg; ngah;fis vOJf. 

9. ctkk; vtw;wpd; mbg;gilapy; miktjhff; $wg;gLfpwJ? 

10. vz;tif nka;g;ghLfspd; ngah;fis vOJf. 

gFjp - M 

xU gf;f mstpy; tpil vOJf (5 X 6 = 30) 

11. rq;fg; Gw ,yf;fpa nfhs;ifapd; mbg;gilia tpsf;fp VNjDk; xU Gwg;ghly; rhd;W 

top epWTf. 

(my;yJ) 

Kjy;> fU > chpg;nghUs; mf ,yf;fpaq;fspy; mike;jpUf;Fk; ghq;fpidj; jf;f rhd;W 

je;J tpsf;Ff . 

12. jd;Ndhpy;yhj; jiytd; ghj;jpuf; nfhs;if Fwpj;Jj; jpwdha;f. 

fsT tho;tpd; kPJ jiytp mr;rk; nfhs;sj; J}z;Lk; Cuhh; nra;iffs; Fwpj;J 

vOJf. 

13. guj;jik vd;why; vd;d? gz;ilj; jkpo;r; r%fj;jpy; guj;ijah; vq;qdk; 

cUthfpapUj;jy; $Lk;? 

(my;yJ) 

jiytpapd; ,y;ywf; flikfs; Fwpj;J tpsf;Ff. 

14. Njhop ghj;jpuf; nfhs;if> Kd; khjphp ,yl;rpag ngz; gbkk; vdf; nfhs;sy; jFkh? 

epWTf. 

(my;yJ) 

„,iwr;rp‟ gw;wpa nfhs;ifiar; rhd;W fhl;b tpsf;Ff. 

15. Ek; kdk; ftUk; tz;zk; VNjDk; xU nka;ghL rq;fg; ghly; xd;wpy; kpfr; rpwg;ghf 

ntspg;gl;Ls;s tpjk; gw;wp vOJf. 

(my;yJ) 

rq;fg; Gw ,yf;fpaf; nfhs;iffs; Gyg;gLj;Jk; Nghh; Kiwfspy; gpd;gw;wpa ed;ndwpfs; 

gw;wpf; Fwpg;gpLf. 

gFjp - , 


(my;yJ) 

16. rq;f mf kw;Wk; Gw ,yf;fpaf; nfhs;iffSf;F ,ilNa fhzthFk; xw;Wik> 

Ntw;Wikfisg; Gyg;gLj;Jf. 

17. ngz;zpd; ,aq;Fntsp ,y;ypd; vy;iy flthjjhfTk; (Private Sphere) Mzpd; 

,aq;Fntsp gue;jjhfTk; (Public Spehre) mikag; ngw;wikiar; rq;fj; jiytd;> 

jiytp ghj;jpuf; nfhs;iftop ghprPypf;f. 

18. vz;tif nka;g;ghLfs; rq;fg; ghly;fspy; ntspg; ghl;Ls;s ghd;ikapidj; jf;f 

rhd;Wfs; fhl;b tpsf;Ff.

njhy;fhg;gpak; - nghUsjpfhuk; 

(Kjy; Ie;J ,ay;fs;) 

ghlj;jpl;lk; 


Nehf;fk;: gHe;jkpHhp d; mfg;g[wf; Bfhl;ghLfisj; bjhy;fhg;gpa g; bghUsjpfhu (1 -5 ) 

K}yA;fisf; bfhz;L fw;gpj;jy;. bjhy;fhg;gpahpd; mfg; g[wf; Bfhl;ghl;Lr; 

rpe;jidfspy;; fhzg;gLk; td;ik, bkd;ikfisr; Rl;Ljy;. 

myF - 1: 

myF - 2: 

myF - 3: 

myF - 4: 

myF - 5: 

myF - 6: 

myF - 7: 

myF - 9: 

nJtiu vGe;Js;s mfg;g[w j; bjhlh;ghd E]y;fisg; bghJthf mwp Kfk; b ra;jy;. 

bjhy;fhg;gpag; bghUsjpfhuj;jpd; KGg;bghJf; fl;likg;iga[k; tp thpj;jy;. 

mfj;jp izapay; : jp iz gw;wpa fUj;J tp thjA;fs; - gphp t[fs; - cld;Bghf;fpy; 

BjhHp – ew;wha; - fz;Blhh; - Tw;Wf;fs; - iff;fpisf; Fwpg;g[f;fs; - 

bgUe;jpizf; Fwpg ;g[f;fs; - g[ybewp tHf;fk; - nA;F Rl;lg;gLk; mfj;jpiz 

kug[fs;. 

g[wj;jpizapay; : mfg;g[w j; jpizfSf; Fupa bghUj;jA;fs; - btl;rpj;jp izapd; 

bghJ nyf;fzk; - btl;rp j;jpizap d; Bghh;r;bray;fs; - tq;rpj;jp izapd; 

Bghh;r;bray;fs; - cHpiqj;jp izf;Fhp a vz;tif j; Jiw fs; - nUbgU 

Bte;jh;f;Fhpa cHpiqj; Jiwfs;. 

Jk;igj; jpizapd; bghJ nyf;fzk; - Jk;igapd; Bghu;j;Jiwfs; - thifap d; 

bghJ , rpwg;g[ nyf;fzA;fs; - thifj; jp izf;Fhpa Jiwfs; - thifapd; kw , 

mwj; Jiwfs;. 

fhq;rpj; jp izapd; rpwg;g[ nyf;fzk; - fhq;rpapd; Jiwfs; - epiyahikf; 

Bfhl;ghLfs; - ghlhz;jpizap d; rpwg;gpyf;fzk; - BjtUf;Fhpa Jiwfs; - 

kf;fl;Fhpa Jiwfs; rp w;wpyf;fpaA;fsp d; Bjhw;Wtha;fs; - flt[s; thH;j;Jf;Fhpait – 

ghlhz; Jiwfsp d; rpwg;g[f;fs;. 

fstpay;: fst[ vdgjp d; tiutpyf;fzk; - fhl;rp , Ia k; - bjspt[f; Fwpg;gwpjy; - 

naw;ifg; g[zh;r;rp – nle;jiyg;ghL – ghA;fw;Tl;lk; - BjhHpaw;Tl;lk; - 

ghA;fd; - jiytp , BjhHp , fhkf;fp Hj;jpah;, thapy;fs; MfpBahh; Tw;Wf;fSk; 

fw;gpay; thH;f;if bewpfSk;. 

bghUspay;: xHpgp ay; vd;w fUj;J tpthjk; - bghUspay; itg;g[Kiw – jiytpap d; 

epiyg;ghLfs; - tiujy; - Btl;iff;Fhpa Tw;Wf;fs; - BjhHp apd; epiyfs; - 

kug[fs; - nd;d gpw. 

myF - 10: 

bjhy;fhg;gpak; TWk; Fwpf;Bfhs; khe;jh; fUjpa Bfhl;ghLfs; - elg;gpay; thH;tpy; 

bghUj;jk; - bghUj;jk; bgwhj epiyfis tpsf;Fjy; - bjhy;fhg;gpa h; TWk; 

g[wj;jpizf; Bfhl;ghLfspy; ndf;FGj; jiyikfsp d; btspg;ghLfisr; Rl;Ljy;.

ghlE}y;;: 

Fwpg;G: 

bjhy;fhg;gpak; - bghUsjpfhuk; - Kjy; Ie;J nay;fs; K}yk; kl;Lk;. 

1. ciufis mog;gilahff; bfhz;L tp dhf;fs; mikaf; TlhJ. 

2. Kjy; myfpypUe ;J (Unit) tp dhf;fs; nlk; bgwf; TlhJ. 

******

jhs; : njhy;fhg;gpak; nghUsjpfhuk; 

(Kjy; Ie;J ,ay;fs;) 



gFjp - m 


1. njhy;fhg;gpag; nghUsjpfhuj;jpy; mike;Js;s ,ay;fs; vj;jid? 

2. gphptpd; tiffisf; $Wf? 

3. epiyahikf; Nfhl;ghl;il ciuf;Fk; jpiz vJ? 

4. „mwj;njhL epw;wy;‟ vt;tpaypy; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ? 

5. „cyh‟ ,yf;fpaj;jpd; Njhw;wtha; E}w;ghit vOJf? 

6. njhifepiy vj;jpiziar; rhh;e;J tUk;? 

7. ngUe;jpiz vd;gJ ahJ? 

8. „epk;gphp‟ vd;why; vd;;d? 

9. „chpg;nghUs;‟ vd;Dk; nrhy;ypd; nghUSiuf;f? 

10. „flTs; tho;j;NjhL fz;zpa tUNk‟ - vit?. 

gFjp - M 


11. Jk;igj; jpizapd; ,yf;fzk; $wp tpsf;Ff. 

(my;yJ) 

coiQj; jpizf;Fhpa Jiwfisg; gw;wp vOJf . 

12. „kjpAlk; gLj;jy; xU %tifj;Nj” - tpsf;Ff. 

ghlhz;jpiz ,yf;fpa tiffSf;F top NfhYkhw;iwj; njspTgLj;Jf. 

13. ngUspaypd; itg;G Kiw gw;wpf; fUj;Jiuf;f? 

(my;yJ) 

fw;gpaypy; ,lk;ngWk; kztpidr; rlq;Ffisr; Rl;Lf. 

14. njhy;fh;gpah; Fwpg;gpLk; jiykf;fl; gz;Gfis tpthp. 

fstpaypy; nrtpypapd; nray;fs; gw;wp vOJf. 

15. „tiujy; Ntl;ifg; nghUs vd;g‟ - tpsf;Ff. 

„,iwr;rp‟ Fwpj;j njhy;fhg;gpah; fUj;jpid Ma;f. 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ) 

gFjp - , 


16. „njhy;fhg;gpahpd; thifj;jpiz mwj;ijAk;> kwj;ijAk; mbg;gilahff; nfhz;Ls;sJ‟ 

- vd;Dk; fUj;jpid Muha;f. 

17. „fstpay; newpfSk;> fstpaypy; epfOk; $w;Wf;fSk;‟ Fwpj;j njhy;fhg;gpah; fUj;jpid 

tpthp. 

18. gz;ilj; jkpoh;jk; mftho;tpy; Njhopapd; ghq;fpidj; njhy;fhg;gpah; top kjpg;gpLf.

jhs;;: etPd ,yf;fpak; - II 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


myF - 1: 

myF - 2: 

myF - 3: 

myF - 4: 

myF - 5: 

myF - 6: 

myF - 7: 

:

myF - 8: 

myF - 9: 


+ 

******

jhs; : etPd ,yf;fpak; - II 



gFjp - m 

XhpU tupfspy; tpil jUf (10 X 1 = 10) 

1. etPd jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,af;fq;fs; ,uz;bidr; Rl;Lf. 

2. gbkk; vd;why; vd;d? 

3. jkpo;g; GJf;ftpij Kd;Ndhbfs; ,Utiuf; Fwpg;gpLf. 

4. tl;lhu tof;Fr; rpWfij vd;why; vd;d? 

5. „nghk;iktPL‟ ehlfj;jpy; ,lk; ngWk; Kjd;ikg; ghj;jpuq;fisr; Rl;Lf. 

6. njhlf;ff; fhy jkpo; ehty;fs; rpytw;iw vOJf. 

7. „mgpjh‟ ehtypd; jdpj;jd;ikfs; rpytw;iwr; Rl;Lf. 

8. gk;ky; rk;ge;j Kjypahh; gilj;j ehlfq;fs; ,uz;bid vOJf. 

9. jpuhtpl ,af;f ehlfhrphpah; ,Utiuf; Fwpg;gpLf. 

10. nkhopngah;g;G ehlfq;fSf;Fr; rhd;Wfs; jUf. 

gFjp - M 


11. etPd jkpo; ,yf;fpa tsh;r;rpf;F tpj;jpl;l rpw;wpjo;fs; Fwpj;J vOJf.. 

GJf;ftpij cj;jpfs; rpytw;iw tpsf;Ff. 

12. Mj;kehk; ftpijfspd; jdpj;jd;ikfs; ahit? 

K.Nkj;jh ftpijfspd; rpwg;gpay;Gfisg; Gyg;gLj;Jf. 

13. jkpo;r; rpWfijfspd; cj;jpfs;> nkhop eil Fwpj;J vOJf. 

(my;yJ) 

efh; rhh; tho;itj; jkpo;r; rpWfijfs; vt;tpjk; rpj;jphpj;Js;sd? 

14. „$if‟ ehtypd; jypj;jpa nrhy;yhly;fs; gw;wp vOJf. 

„,uz;lhk; Ihkq;fspd; fij‟ - ngz;zpa Nehf;fpy; Muha;f. 

15. r%f> murpay; fUj;jhf;fq;fs; „gY}d;‟ ehlfj;jpy; vt;thW ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd?. 

„xsuq;frPg;‟ ehlfj;jpd; rpwg;Gfis vOJf. 

gFjp - , 


16. jkpo;g; GJf;ftpijapd; Njhw;wk;> tsh;r;rp Fwpj;Jf; fl;Liu tiuf. 

etPd jkpo;r; rpWfijfspd; cs;slf;fk; gw;wp vOJf. 

17. etPd ehlfq;fs; rpytw;iwf; Fwpg;gpl;L mtw;wpd; jdpj;jd;ikfis vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf. 

etPd jkpo; ehty; Nghf;fpid kjpg;gpLf. 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ)

jhs;: njhy;fhg;gpak; (gpd; ehd;F ,ay;fs;) 

ghlj;jpl;lk; (nghUsjpfhuk;) 


Nehf;fk;: 

myF - 1: 

myF - 2: 

myF - 3: 

myF - 4: 

myF - 5: 

myF - 6: 

myF - 7: 

myF - 8: 

ghl E}y;fs;: 

bghUsjpfhuj;jpd; rp wg;g[fs; - bghUsjp fhuj;jpy; mike;Js;s nay;fsp d; - 

itg;g[Kiw tpsf;fA;fs;. 

bka;g;ghl;oay; - naypd; tpsf;fk; - vz;tif bka;g;ghLfSk; mtw ;wpd; 

epiyf;fsd;fSk; - mfd; Ie;jpizf;Fhpa bka;g;ghLfs; - iff;fpis, 

bgUe;jpizf;Fhpa bka;g;ghLfs;. 

ctkapay; - ctikapd; tiffs; - tp id, ga d;, bka;, cU – ctik 

Bjhd;Wjw;Fhpa epiyf;fsd;fs; - rpwg;g[, eyd;, fhjy; typ – ctk cUg[fs; - 

ctikapd; tiff;Bfw;w ctk cUg[fs;. 

Vid ctkk;, cs;Siw ctkk; - ctikf;Fhpa Tw;Wfs; - nsk;g{uzh; - 

Bguhrphpah; BtWgLkp lA;fs; - E]w;ghtp d; vz;zpf;ifapy; khWgLjy; - ghlBtWghL 

Rl;Ljy; - bghUs; TWjypy; BtWgLjy;. 

bra;a[spay; - bra;a[Sf;Fhpa cWg;g[fs; - mirfs; - rPh;fs; - moapByBa jis 

gw;wpa Fwpg;g[fs; - ahg;gp d; gFjpfs; - kug[ - J]f;F – bjhil. 

Behf;F – ght[k; ghtifa[k; - ghtpd; moast[k; - motiuaiw ny;yhjd – 

jpiz, ifBfhs;, Tw;Wfs; - Bfhl;ghLfs; - Bfl;Bghh; - fsd;, fhyk;, gad;, 

bka;g;ghL – vr;rk;. 

Kd;dk;, bghUs;, Jiw, khl;L, tz;zKk; mtw;wpd; ghp t[fSk; - vz;tif 

tdg;g[fs; - mk;ik, mHF, bjhd;ik, Bjhy;, tp Ue;J, niag[, g[yd;, niHg[. 

kugpay; - nsikg;bgah; - Mz;ghy; bgah;, bgz;ghy; bga h; - caph;fsp d; 

ghFghL – me;jzh;f;Fhpait – murh;f;Fhpait – tzpfh;f;Fhpa it – Btshsh;f;F 

chpait – E]ypd; tiffs; - Kjy; E]y;, tHp E]y; - E]yp d; Fw;w A;fs; - E]yp d; 

cj;jpfs;. 

1. bjhy;fhg;gpa k; bghUsjpfhuk; gp d; 4 nay;fs; %}yk; kl;Lk; 

*****

jhs; : njhy;fhg;gpak; - nghUsjpfhuk; (gpd; 4 ,ayfs;) 



gFjp - m 


1. ,sptuy; vd;why; vd;d? 

2. KdpT nka; epWj;jy; - nghUs; $Wf. 

3. epWj;j fhkthapy; - tpsf;Ff. 

4. cU ctkk; vd;why; vd;d? 

5. mir vd;gJ ahJ? 

6. Nehf;F - tpsf;Ff. 

7. Ngil> ngil> ngl;il - vt;nttw;Wf;Fhpait? 

8. tpUj;jpAiu vd;why; vd;d? 

9. „jto;git jhKk; mtw;Nwhd;d‟ - tpsf;fk; jUf. 

10. ehd;fwpT caph;fSs; vitNaDk; ,uz;ilf; Fwpg;gpLf. 

gFjp - M 


1. „kUl;if‟ nka;g;ghl;il tpsf;Ff. 

(my;yJ) 

„ehypuz;lhFk; ghYkhUz;Nl‟ - tpsf;fk; jUf. 

2. „cah;e;jjd; Nkw;Nw cs;Sq;fhiy‟ - nghUs; $W. 

(my;yJ) 

,ul;ilf; fpstpapul;iltopj;Nj - tpsf;Ff 

3. mbapd; rpwg;Ng ghl;nldg; gLNk - nghUs; tpsf;fk; $Wf. 

(my;yJ) 

ehd;F newpg;gl;l njhilapdJ ghFghL ahit? 

4. ctikf;Fhpa kuGfs; ahit? rhd;Wld; tpsf;Ff. 

(my;yJ) 

fypg;ghtpd; ,yf;fzk; ahJ? rhd;Wld; tpsf;Ff. 

5. Mz;ghw; ngah;fs; ahit? 

(my;yJ) 

E}ypd; cj;jpfs; gw;wpa tpsf;fk; jUf. 

gFjp - , 


1. njhy;fhgpag; nghUsjpfhuj;jpd;> jdpj;jd;ikAk;> Nguhrphpah;. ,sk;G+uzh; 

NtWgLkplq;fisAk; tpsf;Ff. 

2. mfj;jpw;NfAhpa nka;g;ghLfshfj; njhy;fhg;gpah; $Wtd ahit? 

3. nra;Aspaypd; rpwg;G ,ay;Gfisj; njhy;fhg;gpah; top Muha;f.

jhs;: rpj;jh; ,yf;fpak; 

ghlj;jpl;lk; 


myF - 1: rpj;jh; tpsf;fk; 

rpj;jh; brhw;bghUs; - brhy;yhl;rp – rp j;jp bgWk; tHpfs; - rpj;jpfs; - rp j;jh;fs; 

gw;wpr; rp j;jh;fs; - rp j;jh;fs; gw;wp Ma;thsh;fs; - rp j;jh;fsp d; g[w j;Bjhw ;wk; - 

rpj;jh;fspd; bray;fs; - rpj;jh; bjhif. 

myF - 2: rpj;jh;fspd; tuyhW 

mfj;jpa h; - mfg;Bga ; - mGfzp – nilf;fhlh; - nuhkBjth; - cBuhkhp &p – 

fLbtsp – fUt{uhh; - fhfg[Rz;lh; - Fjk;ig – bfhA;fzh; - rl;ilKdp – 

rptthf;fpah; - R{hpahde;jh; - jp UK}yh; - jpUts;Sth; - ee;jP!;tuu; - gl;odj;jhh; - 

gj;jp ufphpahh; - ghk;ghl;o – thy;kPfh; - thiyr;rhkp. 

myF - 3: jj;Jtq;fs;: 

cyF – cly; - cs;sk; - cap h; Fwp j;jit. 

myF - 4: flTl; nfhs;if 

flt[s; tHpghL – e k;gpf;if – nd;iwa epiy – bja;tk; xd;W vd epWty;. 

myF - 5: Nahfk; 

Bahfk; - tpsf;fA;fs; - Ba hftif - gad;ghL - gf;jpBahfk;, nuhrBa hfk; , 

ke;jpu epiy. 

myF - 6: Qhdk; 

qhdtpsf;fk; - Bjit - cz;ikf;FU – FUtpd; braw;ghLfs; - qhdk; mila[k; 

tHp – nuz;lw;w jd;ik. 

myF - 7: ,yf;fpa Nehf;F 

bkhHpeil – ehl;Lg;g[wf; TWfs; - tp Lfijj; jd;ik – kiwbghUl;TWfs; - 

g[uhz njpfhr Bkw;Bfhshl;rp – ahg;g[ mzpeyk; - gHbkhHpfis 

ctikfshf;fy;. 

myF - 8: kUj;Jt Nehf;F: 

Beha;fs; te;j tuyhW – Beha;fisf; fz;lwpjy; - Beha;fsp d; K}y fhuzkwpjy; 

- Beha; ePf;fy; - filg;gpof;f Btz;oa gj;jp a Kiwfs; - rpy kUe;Jfs;. 

myF - 9: rKjha Nehf;F: 

rK}f epiy, rhjp – rkak; - rlA;F – rhj;jpuA;fs; - bjhHpy;fs; - fy;tp epiy – 

gHf;f tHf;fA;fs; - nwg;g[ epiy – ek;gpf;iffs;. 

myF - 10: rpj;jh;fs; ngWk; ,lk;: 

nyf;fpa j;jpy; - rKjhaj;jpy;.


1. lhf;lh; nuh.khzpf;fthrfk; . . ek; ehl;Lr; rpj;jh;fs;, 

md;id mgp uhkp mUs;, 

brd;id – 1978. 

2. lhf;lh; nuh. khzpf;fthrfk; . . jp Uke;jpu Muha;r;rp . 

3. lhf;lh; nuh. khzpf;fthrfk; . . jpUmUl;gh Muha;r;rp. 

4. lhf;lh; nuh. khzpf;fthrfk; . . rp j;jh;fs; fz;l rp WePh; kUj;Jtk; 

5. lhf;lh; nuh. khzpf;fthrfk; . . rp j;jh;fs; brhd;dit. 

6. kP.g. BrhkRe;juk; . . rp j;jh; nyf;fpak; - Kjy;bjhFjp, 

mz;zhkiyg; gy;fiyf; fHfk;, 

btspaPL. 

7. kP.g.BrhkRe;juk; . . rp j;jh; nyf;fpak; - nuz;lhk; bjhFjp 

mz;zhkiyg; gy;fiyf; fHfk;, 

btspa PL. 

8. kP.g. BrhkRe;juk; . . rp j;jh; nyf;fpak; K}d;whk; bjhFjp 

mz;zhkiyg; gy;fiyf;fHfk;, 

btspa PL. 

9. f. nskjp rhdfp uhkd; . . rp j;jh;fSk; rK}fg; ghh;ita[k; 

Fwpq;rpg; gjpg;gfk;, 

g[Jit, 1990. 

10. f. nskjp rhdfp uhkd; . . Bghpd;gg; bgUthH;t[, g[J it, 1991. 

11. f. nskjp rhdfp uhkd; . . rp j;jh;fsp d; rp e;jidfs;, g[Jit, 19 91. 

12. mU. nuhkehjd;, . . qhdf;Bfhit vd tHA;Fk; rp j;jh; ghly;fs; 

******

jhs; : rpj;jh; ,yf;fpak; 



gFjp - m 


1. „mQ;nrOj;jpNy gpwe;J mt;tQ;nrOj;jpNy tsh;e;J mQ;nrOj;ij xJfpd;w gQ;rG+j 

ghtpfhs;‟ vd;W ghbath; ahh;? 

2. jha;j;nja;t topghl;ilg; nghpJk; Nghw;wpa rpj;jh; ahh;? 

3. cyfj;jpy; epytpa rpj;jh;fs; njhif fzf;fplg;gl;l E}ypd; ngah; ahJ? 

4. rpj;juhUlk; E}ypd; Mrphpah; ahh;? 

5. rpj;jh; E}y;fs; vspa njspthd Ngr;R eilapy; vOjg;gl;lJ vd;Dk; $w;W rhpah? 

6. gj;jhtJ jpUKiwah itf;fg;ngw;Ws;s E}y; vJ? 

7. irt rkaj;ij kf;fs; rkakhf khw;wpajpy; jpU%yUf;F kpFe;j gq;Fz;L rhpah? 

jtwh? 

8. jkpo;ehl;Lr; rpj;jh; vj;jid Ngh;? 

9. gz;ilr; rpj;jUs; jiyahath; ahh;? 

10. „clk;ig tsh;j;Njd; caph; tsh;j;Njd;‟ vd;W ghbath;? 

gFjp - M 


1. rpj;jh; nrhw;nghUs; tpsf;fk; jUf. 

gl;bdj;jhh; - Fwpg;G tiuf . 

2. flTs; topghL Fwpj;J vOJf. 

FUtpd; nraw;ghLfs; Fwpj;J vOJf. 

3. rpj;jh;fspd; gf;jpNahfk; Fwpj;J vOJf. 

rpj;jh; jUk; Qhdk; milAk; topfs; ahit? 

4. rpj;jh; jUk; fy;tp epiy ahJ? 

rpj;jh; nja;tk; xd;W vd vq;qdk; epWTfpd;wdh;? 

5. rpj;jh; %lg;gof;f tof;fq;fis vjph;j;jth; vd;gijr; rhd;WfSld; $Wf. 

(my;yJ) 

rpj;jh;fspd; kiwnghUl;$Wfs; Fwpj;J vOJf. 

gFjp - , 


1. rpj;jh;fs; rhjp> rka> rlq;FfSf;F vjpuhdth;fs; vd;gij epWTf. 

rpj;jh;fspd; tuyhW Fwpj;Jf; fl;Liu tiuf. 

2. rpj;jh;fspd; jj;Jtq;fs; Fwpj;J vOJf. 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ) 

rpj;jh;fspd; kUj;Jt Nehf;F Fwpj;J vOJf. 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ) 

(my;yJ)

ghlk;: ,yf;fpaj; jpwdha;T (LITERARY CRITICISM) 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


myF - 1: 

myF - 2: 

myF - 3: 

myF - 4: 

myF - 5: 

myF - 6: 

bghJ Kd;Diu : – nyf;fpak; - bra;a[s; - ahg;g[ - ghl;L ntw;wpw;fhd 

brhw;bghUs; tp sf;fk; - jpwdha;t[ - brhw;bghUs; rpf;fy; - nyf;fpaj; jpw dha ;t[ 

nyf;fpaf; bfhs;if – nyf;fpa tuyhW – ntw;wpw;fpilBaahd cwt[. 

g[Jj; jpw dha;tp d; bjhlf;fk; - g[Jj;jpw dha ;t[f; Bfhl;ghl;lhsu;fs; - I.V.hpr;ru;l; 

(I.A. RICHARD ) (g[Jj;jpwdha;tpd; je;ij) – tpy;ypak; vk;rd; (WILLIAN EMSON ) 

fpspahd;j; g[Uf;!; (CLIANTH BROOKS) - g[Jj;jpwdha;t[f; Bfhl;ghL – MH;e;j 

thrpg;g[ (CLOSE READING) – Kuz; IRONY – nWf;fk; - (AMBIGUITY) - czu;r;rp – 

(EMOTIVE) – cUtfk; (METAPHORE) – ftpijapd; MH;bghUs; - ftpijap d; KGik 

– niwr;rpf; Bfhl;ghL – nd;d gpw. 

mikg;gpay; jpw dha;t[ - mikg;g[ vd;why; vd;d – fij kw ;Wk; ftpij ntw;wp d; 

KGikf;Fk; gFjpf;Fkp ilBa cs;s bjhlu;g[ - mfg;g[w mikg;g[ - Jiz mikg;g[ 

- jkp H; nyf;fpa gilg;g[f;fspy; mikg;gpay; jpw dha;it cl;gLj;jp tp sf;Fjy;. 

csg;gFg;gha;t[j; jpwdha;t[ - csg;gFg;gha ;t[j; jpwdha;tp d; bjhlf;fk; - rpf;kz;l; 

|gpuha;L – edtpyp – Nog!; rpf;fy; - gilg;g[f;Fk; gilg;ghspf;FkpilBaa[s;s 

cstpay; cwt[ - nay;g[zu;r;rp (ID) – jd;Kidg;g[ (EGO) – gz;ghl;Lzu;r;rp 

(SUPER EGO) – nyf;fpa btsp g;ghL – fdt[ - gfw;fdt[ - gilg;g[ - 

gilg;ghspapd; thH;f;if tuyhW – gilg;g[f;Fk; gilg;ghsDf;FkpilBaah d 

thH;tpay; cwt[ - bjhd;kA;fs; - nyf;fpa A;fs; - nd;d gpw. 

%}yg;gotj; jpwdha;t[ - Tl;L edtpyp – %}yg; gotA;fs; - %}yg;gotj; jpwdha;t[ - 

jha; %}yg;gotk; - flt[s; K}yg;gotk; - kfhd; %}yg;gotk; - FHe;ij %yg;gotk; - 

bjhd;kA;fs; kw ;Wk; nyf;fpaA;fspy; %}yg;got khjphp btsp g;ghL – 

%}yg;gotA;fSf;fpilBaahd cyfg; bghJik . 

bgz;zpaj; jpwdha;t[ - Mz; nyf;fpa A;fs; - Mz; nyf;fpaA;fspy; bgz; 

rpj;jpupg;g[ - Mz; ika thrpg;g[ - bgz; ika thrpg;g[ - bgz; nyf;fpa k; gw;wpa 

gy;BtW fUj;Jf;fs; - bgz; nyf;fpa j; jpwdha ;t[ (GYNO CRITICISM) – bgz;ik 

epiy – bgz;zpa epiy – bgz;fs; gilg;gp d; jdp na y;g[ - bgz; gilg;gp d; 

Btw;Wikg; gz;g[ - bgz; ikag; gilg;g[. 

myF - 7: gpd;dikg;gpay; jpw dha;t[ (POST STRUCTURALISM ) – Xh; mwpKfk; - 70f;Fg; 

gpe;ija nyf;fpaj; jpwdha ;tp d; Bghf;Ffs; - nyf;fpa k; - jpwdha;t[ - bfhs;iffs; 

- ntw;wp d; mog;gil – gpd;dikg;g[ nyf;f par; rpe;jidapy; $hf;a[!; yf;fhd; 

(JACQUES LACAN) – kpB&y; g{f;Bfh (MICHEL FOUCAULT), MfpBahhpd; 

gA;fspg;g[.


1. eluhrd;, jp.R. jpwdha;t[f; bfhs;iffs;, 

md;dk; (gp ) yp l; rptfA;if, 1990. 

2. eyA;fp s;sp , muA;f. nyf;fpaKk; csg;gFg;gha;t[k;, 

thzp jhrd; gjpg;gfk; 

g[Jit, 1992. 

3. gftjp, F. jpwdha;t[ mZFKiwfs;, 

cyfj; jkp Hhuha;r;rp e pWtdk;, 

brd;id, 1989 

4. kzthsd;, m. m. nUgjhk; E]w;whz;od; 

nyf;fpaf; Bfhl;ghLfs; 


brd;id, 1988 

5. David, Robert, Con Contemporary Literary Criticism 

(Post Structuralism Throu gh Modernism) 

Lon gman. 

New York and London, 1986. 

6. Lod ge, David (ed ) 20th Century Literary Criticism 

A read er, Lon gman, Londo n, 1972. 

7. “” Contemporary Literary Criticism, 

Lon gman, London . 1988. 

8. Welleck, Ren e, Warren Au stin Theory of Literature, Reprinted 

Penguin Books, En gland, 1986. 

******

jhs; : ,yf;fpaj; jpwdha;T 



gFjp - m 

XhpU nrhw;fspy; tpilaspf;f (10 X 1 = 10) 

1. jpwdha;tpd; Nehf;fk; ahJ? 

2. GJj;jpwdha;tpd; je;ij ahh;? 

3. /gpuha;bak; vd;gJ vd;d? 

4. mikg;gpaypy; „mikg;G‟ vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ? 

5. gpd;id mikg;gpay; nfhs;ifia topelj;jp> tbtikj;j Kjd;ikah; ahh;? 

6. csg;gFg;gha;Tj; jpwdha;thsh; xUth; ngaiuf; Fwpg;gpLf. 

7. ngz;zpaj; jpwdha;T vd;why; vd;d? 

8. mfg;Gw mikg;G vd;gJ ahJ? 

9. %yg;gbtj; jpwdha;T vd;why; vd;d? 

10. jkpopy; ,yf;fpaj; jpwdha;T Fwpj;J E}yhf;fk; nra;NjhUs; xUth; ngaiuf; Fwpg;gpLf. 

gFjp - M 


11. ,yf;fpaj; jpwdha;T> ,yf;fpa tuyhW Mfpatw;Wf;fpilNaahd njhlh;gpid vOJf. 

12. GJj; jpwdha;Tf; Nfhl;ghl;lhsh;fspy; xUtiug; gw;wpf; Fwpg;G tiuf. 

13. Mo;e;j thrpg;G> Kuz; vd;gd Fwpj;J tpsf;Ff. 

14. gilg;Gf;Fk; gilg;ghsDf;FkpilNaahd tho;tpay; cwT Fwpj;J vOJf. 

15. %yg;gbtj; jpwdha;tpd; gbepiyfisf; Fwpg;gpLf. 

16. ngz; ika thrpg;G vd;why; vd;d? 

17. Mz; ,yf;fpaq;fs; vd;gd ahit? 

18. gpd;dikg;gpay; jpwdha;T vd;why; vd;d? 

gFjp - , 

fl;Liu tbtpy; tpil jUf. (2 X 10= 20) 

19. jkpo; ,yf;fpag; gilg;Gfspy; mikg;gpay; jpwdha;it cl;gLj;jp tpsf;Ff. 

(my;yJ) 

csg;gFg;gha;Tj; jpwdha;T Fwpj;Jf; fl;Liu tiuf. 

20. ngz;zpaj; jpwdha;tpd; Nghf;Ffis tpthpf;f. 

(my;yJ) 

gpd;dikg;gpay; rpe;jidahsh;fspd; nfhs;iffis tpsf;Ff.

M.A. (TAMIL) 

SOFT - CORE 

SYLLABUS

SUBRAMANIA BHARATHI SCHOOL OF TAMIL 

LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE 


Code 

M.A. (Tamil) Soft Core Courses 


1 st Year 1 st Semester TAML 112 Folk Games 3 

TAML 213 Yoga 3 

TAML 217 Linguistics 3 

2 nd Semester TAML 110 On Bharathiar 3 

TAML 211 Myths in Literature 3 

TAML 310 Anthropology & Tamil Literature 3 

TAML 312 Manuscriptology 3 

2 nd Year 3 rd Semester TAML 309 Anthology 3 

General Soft Core Courses 


Code 

TAML 409 Women‟s Literature 3 

TAML 609 Women Writers & their Fictions 3 


For Non-Tamil Students TAML 112 Spoken Tamil 3 

For Tamil Students TAML 123 Communicative English 3

jhs;: ehl;Lg;Gw tpisahl;Lfs; 

(mUe;Jizg; ghlk;) 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


myF - 1: mwpKfk; 

tpisahl;Lfsp d; tp sf;fA;fSk; tiua iwfSk; - tpisahl;Lfspd; Bjhw;wk; - jkp Hh; 

tpisahl;Lf; bfhs;if – ehl;Lg;g[w tpaYk; e hl;Lg;g[w tpisa hl;LfSk;. 

myF - 2: tifg;ghLfs; 

mf tpisahl;Lfs; - g[w tpisahl;Lfs; - jdp egh; tpisahl;L – nUth; fye ;J 

bfhs;Sk; tpisahl;L – FG tpisa hl;L – Mlth; - kfsp h; - rp whh; - rpWth; - 

rpWkpah; - FHe;ijfs; tpisahl;Lfs; 

myF - 3: tpisahl;LfSk; gUtq;fSk; : (taJ) 

FHe;ijg; gUtk; - Kjph;e ;j FHe ;ijg; gUtk; - rpw hh; gUtk; - Kjp h;e;j rpwhh; 

gUtk; - nsikg; gUtk; - KJikg; gUtk;. 

myF - 4: gpd;Gyr; #oy; 

MLfsA;fs; - MLfsA;fs; mHpa[k; jd;ik – fhyKk; bghGJk; - Bfhilf;fhyk; 

- kiHf;fhyk; - Fsp h;fhyk; - fhiyg;bghGJ – ez;gfy; - khiy / Kd;dp ut[ - 

Bjh;j;jpUtp Hh – jpUe hs; - R{Hy; khWjYk; tpisahl;Lfs; kiwjYk;. 

myF - 5: tpisahl;Lr; #oYk; KiwfSk; 

tpisahl;ilj; bjhpt[ bra;jy; - mzp gp hpj;jy; - mzpapd; jiytiuj; bjhpt[ 

bra;jy; - Kjypy; tpisahLk; mzp Kot[ bra;jy; - bjhLgtiuj; bjhp t[ bra ;jy; - 

nilep Wj;jk; - rz;ilfs; , rr;rut[fs; - tp isahl;od; Kot[. 

myF - 6: tpisahl;LfSk; ghly;fSk; 

tpisahl;oy; ghly;fs; nlk;bgWk; Kiw – Bfyp – tpdhtp il – vz;fs; - 

ehg;gpw H;t[ - fw;gp jA;fs; - gpw ghly;fs; - totKk; mikg;g[ Kiw a[k; - brhw ;fl;L 

– xyp g;g[ Kiwa[k; Xir mikg;g[k; - fl;Ljy;/gut[jy; - mHp jYk; fhj;jYk;. 

myF - 7: jphpG tbtq;fs; 

ehl;Lg;g[w tpaYk; jp hp g[ totA;fSk; - tp isa hl;Lg; bgah;fspy; - tpisahl;L 

Kiwfsp y; - tpisa hl;Lg;ghly;fspy; - Vw;gLk; jphpg[ totA;fs; - jphpg[ 

totA;fSf;fhd fhuzA;fs; - etPd tpisahl;Lfspy; e hl;Lg;g[w tpisahl;Lfspd; 

jhf;fk;.

myF - 8: tpisahl;Lfspd; tpisTfs; 

bray; Kiwf;fy;tp iag; gapw;Wtpj;jy; - clw ;gapw;rpa[k; cly; tsh;r;rpa[k; Vw;gLjy; 

- g[yg;gapw;rp Vw;gLjy; - iftpidj;jpw d; btspg;gLjy; - ey;Yzh;t[fis 

tsh;j;jy; - eog;g[j;jpwid btspg;gLj;jy; - fy;tp ghjp j;jy; - R{jhl;l 

kdg;ghd;ik cUthFjy; - clYf;F CW Vw;gLjy;. 


1. qh.BjtBea d;, „jkp H; ehl;L tpisahl;Lfs;‟, irt rpj;jhe;j E]w;gjpg;g[f ; fHfk;, 

brd;id. 

2. nuh. ghyRg;gpukzpad;, „jkp Hh; ehl;L tpisahl;Lfs;,‟ cyfj; jkpHhuha;r;rp 

epWtdk;, brd;id. 

3. m.gpr;ir, „jkpHh; gz;ghl;oy; tpisa hl;Lfs;‟, fgpyd; gjpg;gfk;, brd;id. 

4. jp.e luhrd;, „e hl;Lg;g[wr; rpWth; ghly;fs;‟, rutzh g[f;!;, brd;id. 

******

jhs; : ehl;Lg;Gw tpisahl;Lfs; 



vitNaDk; MW tpdhf;fSf;Ff; fl;Liu tbtpy; tpil jUf. (6 X 10= 60) 

1. tpisahl;bdhy; Vw;gLk; cly;> cs;sk;> MSikf;F Vw;gLk; gad;ghl;bid 

tpsf;Ff. 

2. ehl;Lg;Gw tpisahl;Lf; fUtpfs; my;yJ MLfsq;fs; jahhpf;Fk; Kiwfis 

tpthp. 

3. tpisahl;il tpisahl;lhf tpisahlhikahy; Vw;gLk; tpisTfisAk; 

jPh;TfisAk; Gyg;gLj;Jf. 

4. cj;jpg; gphpf;Fk; Kiw gw;wpAk; mzpj; jiytiuj; Njh;T nra;Ak; Kiw gw;wpAk; 

vOJf. 

5. taJ kw;Wk; gUt fhyj;jpw;Nfw;g tpisahl;Lf;fs; tpisahl;Lf; fUtpfs;> 

fsq;fs; khWgLtjw;fhd fhuzpfis Fwpg;gpLf. 

6. tpisahl;Lg; ghly;fs; czh;j;Jk; cstpay; rhh;e;j nra;jpfisg; ghly;fSld; 

ntspg;gLj;Jf. 

7. ehl;Lg;Gw tpisahl;Lfs; etPd tpisahl;Lf;fshf khwptUk; epiyg;ghl;bid 

vLj;jpak;Gf. 

8. KJikfhy tpisahl;Lf;fs; gw;wp vOJf. 

9. tpisahl;bdhy; Vw;gLk; r%f cwT epiyfisg; gjpT nra;f. 

*****

ghlk;: Nahfq;fSk; mtw;wpd; nray;KiwfSk; 


njhpTKiwg; ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


Nehf;fq;fs;: 

1. jkp H; nyf;fpaA;fspy; nUf;Fk; „Ba hfk;‟ Fwp j;j bra;jpfis vLj;jp ak;g[jy;. 

2. jkp H; gapYk; khzth;f isa[k; Bahfg;gapw;rpfspy; mDgtk; bgwr; bra;jy;. 

3. gy;tif BahfA;fisa[k; khztu;fs; mwpe;J bfhs;sr; bra;jy;. 

4. khztu;fspd; clYk; cs;sKk; xUBru td;ik mila tHp tFj;jy;. 

myF - 1: Bahfbewp – Bahfbew p Fwpj;j tp sf;fA;fs; - rhpia , fpupia , Bahfk;, qhdk; - 

Bahfj;jp d; tiffs; - Bahfpaup d; jd;ik – BahfA;fsp d; bghJthd jd;ik. 

myF - 2: gf;jp Bahfk; - MH;thu;fs; - eha d;khh;fs; - jha[khdtu; KjyhBdh u; jUfp d;w 

tpsf;fA;fs; - gf;jp Ba hfg; ga d;fs;. 

myF - 3: nuhrBahfk; - ml;lhA;f Ba hfk; mitfsp d; gphp t[fs; - nakk;, e pakk;, Mrdk;, 

gpuhzhahkk;, gpuj;jpa hfhuk;, jhuiz, jpahdk; rkhjp. 

myF - 4: qhd Bahfk; - qhd tp sf;fk; - qhd FUtp d; Bjit – FUtpd; bray;fs; - 

cUtp d; epiy – niwBahL fyj;jy; - nuz;lw;w jd;ik. 

myF - 5: bray;Kiw MrdA;fs; - khw;W Mrd tifa py; mikgit. fp hpah Mrd tzf;fk; 

- gj;khrdk; bghJ epiy – epd;w bfhf;fhrdk;/tpy;yhrdk;, tpguPj fuzp/ghujp 

kPdhrdk;. 

myF - 6: 

rh;thA;fhrdk;/kPdhrdk;, fyg;ig Mrdk;/ghk ;ghrdk;. 

myF - 7: ghjp rf;fuhrdk;/mkh;e;j bfhf;fhrdk;, jp hpBfhz Mrdk;/g{h;zrt 


rhe;jpahrdk;. 

1. Bghp d;gg; bgUthH;t[ - nskjp rhdfpuhkd; 

2. Beha; jPh;f;Fk; vspa Bahfhrdk; - Rthkp tp $ahde ;jh, brd;id -14 

3. Bahfhrd tp sf;fA;fs; - Xk; fphpah ghghrp epiyak;, rhe ;Bjhk;, brd;id. 

*****

jhs; : Nahfq;fSk; mtw;wpd; nray;KiwfSk; (Yoga) 



I. midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; fl;Liu tbtpy; tpilaspf;fTk; (2 X 10= 20) 

1. Nahfk; - nrhw;nghUs; tpsf;fj;ijAk; tiffisAk; tpsf;Ff 

(my;yJ) 

„ehy;tif newpfspd; Nahfg; gad;ghLfs;‟ - Fwpj;J vOJf. 

2. ,uh[Nahfj;jpd; jd;ikfis tpthpf;f. 

(my;yJ) 

FUtpd; NjitAk; mtuJ nrhw;ghLfisAk; tpthpf;f. 

II. fPo;f;fz;l Mrdq;fs; Fwpj;J vOJf (4X 2 1/2 = 10) 

1. gj;khrdk;. 

2. ghk;ghrdk; 

3. epd;w nfhf;fhrdk; 

4. rthrdk; 

III. nra;Kiwj; Njh;T 30 

MW Mrdq;fisAk; nra;J fhl;ly; Ntz;Lk;. 

Gwj;Njh;thsh; jUfpd;w Mrdq;fis khzth;fs; nra;J fhl;ly; Ntz;Lk;. 

*****

ghlk;: nkhopapay; mwpKfk; 


ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


myF - 1: 

jpuhtp l bkhHpf;FLk;gKk; mjd; bkhHpfs; gw;wpa rpWFwpg;g[fSk; - bjd; jpuhtp l 

bkhHpfs;, bjd;jpuhtp l bkhHpfspy; jkp Hpd; rp wg;g[f; TWfs;. 

myF - 2: 

jkp H; nyf;fz E]y;fspy ; bjhy;fhg;gpak;, tPuBrhHpak;, ed;D]y; gw;wpa bghJf; 

fUj;Jf;fs; - Bkiy e hl;odhp d; nyf;fzg; gzpfs;. 

myF - 3: 

nyf;fzk; - mjd; Behf;fKk; tif g;ghLfSk; - bkhHp mikg;g[ gw;wpa bghJthd 

fUj;Jiufs; - tuz;Kiw nyf;fzk;, tpsf;f Kiw nyf;fzk;, nyf;fzj;jp d; %}d;W 

mog;gilj; jFjpfs; - mfepiyj; bjhluikg;g[ - g[wepiyj; bjhluikg;g[ - 

jha;bkhHpa hshp d; mwpjpwd;, g[hpjpw d; Bfhl;ghL – khw;wpyf;fz tHp thf;fpaf; 

fl;likg;ig Muha[k; Kiwfs;. 

myF - 4: xypapay; 

xypa[Wg;g[fs; - xyp vGg;g[tjp y; xt;bthU xypa[Wg;g[fsp d; braw;ghLfs; - 

capbuhypfsp d; gpwg;g[k; tif g;ghLk; - bka;bahypfspd; gpwg;g[k; tif g;ghLk; - xyp 

BtWghLfs; : xypg;g[il, xypg;gpyh xypfs; - mjpu;t[il, mjpu;tpyh xypfs;. 

myF - 5: xypadpay; 

xyp – xypa d; : xypaidf;fz;lwpa[k; Kiw: khw;bwhyp – xyp ad; - Btw;Wepiy 

tHf;F, Jizepiy tHf;F , kug[rhh;e;j bkhHp Kjy;, bkhHpNW xypad;fs; - bka;ba hyp 

khw;w A;fs; : %}f;fpdkhjy;, mz;zr;rhay; bgwy;, gy;yp dkhjy; - Xhpdkhjy; 

myF - 6: cUgdpay; 

cUg[ - khw ;WUg[ - mor;brhy;, Bth;r;brhy; - xl;L – xl;L tiffs; - Kd;bdhl;L, 

gpd;bdhl;L, cs;bshl;L – brhy; tiffs ; - naw;brhy;, jpupbrhy;, jp irr;brhy;, 

tlbrhy;. 

myF - 7: njhludpay; (Syntax) 

mz;ika[Wg;g[ (Syntax) – mjd; tiffs; - cs;tl;lj;bjhlh; (Endocentric Construction) – 

btsp tl;lj; bjhlh; (Exo centric Constru ctio n) – mtw;wpd; tiffs; Mf;fKiw 

nyf;fzk; (Gen erative Grammar) – khw;wp yf;fzk; (Transfo rmational Grammar) – 

thf;fpaA;fsp d; tif – nyf;fzg; bghUj;jKila thf;fpaA;fs; (Grammatical 

Senten ces) bghUs; bghUj;jkw;w thf;fpaA;fs; (Non-Grammatical Sentances) – tG 

thf;fpaA;fs; (Ungrammatical Sentences) 

myF - 8: ,ul;il tof;F: 

jkp H;bkhHpapy; cs;s nul;il tHf;Fepiy – nul;il tHf;Fepiy Bjhd;wf; 

fhuzA;fs; - nul;il tHf;F epiyfspy; vGj;J tHf;F, Bgr;R tHf;FfSf;Fs;s 

gad;ghl;Lr; R{Hy;fs;.

myF - 9: fpis nkhopfs;: 

jkp Hpy; cs;s fpisbkhHp tHf;Ffs; - r %}f tl;lhuf; fpisbkhHp tHf;Ffs ; - 

nUbkhHpa epiy 

myF - 10: ,yf;fpaj;jpwdha;Tk; nkhopapaYk;: 

bkhHp Ma;t[fs;: r %}ftpay; Behf;fpy; - cstpay; Behf;fpy; - khDltpay; Behf;fpy; 

- nyf;fpag; gilg;g[fis bkhHpapay; mog;gilapy; Muha;jy;. 

******

jhs; : nkhopapay; mwpKfk; 




1. njd;jpuhtpl nkhopfisg; gw;wpf; Fwpg;G tiuf. 

2. Nkiy ehl;bdupd; ,yf;fzg; gzpfs; gw;wp tpsf;Ff. 

3. mfepiy> Gwepiyj; njhluikg;Gfis tpsf;Ff. 

4. nka;nahypfspd; gpwg;G gw;wpf; Fwpg;G tiuf. 

5. xyp> khw;nwhyp> xypad; ,tw;iw tpsf;Ff. 

6. mbr;nrhy;> Nth;r;nrhy; ,tw;wpd; NtWghLfis Muha;f. 

7. cs;tl;l> ntsptl;lj; njhlh;fis tpsf;Ff. 

8. jkpopy; fhzyhFk; ,ul;il tof;Fg; gw;wpAk; ,U tof;Ffspd; gad;ghL gw;wpAk; 

Muha;f. 

9. nkhopapay; Nehf;fpy; ,yf;fpa Ma;T vt;thW Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ vd;gij 

Muha;f. 

*****

jhs;: ghujpahh; 


ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


Nehf;fk;: 

jkp H;r ; Rtofspd; Bjhw;wk; tsu;r;rp gw;wpa[k; gjp g;g[ Kiwfisg; gw;wpa[k; bghJthd 

epiyapy; mwpKfk; bra ;jy;/tpsf;Fjy;. 

myF - 1: tho;f;if tuyhW 

nsikg;gUtk; - fhrpf;Fg; g[wg;ghL – murpa y; gp uBtrk; - epBtjpjh jhprdk; - 

g[Jr;Brhp thH;f;if – ftpaurh; gl;lk; - mkuj;Jtk;. 

myF - 2: ghujpahupd; ftpijfs; 

ghujpahhp d; ftpj;jpwd; - Bjrpak; - bgz;Zhpik – naw;if jhprdk; - ghujpapd; 

fy;tpf;Bfhl;ghLfs; - ghujpapd; mwptpay; ghh;it – ehl;Lg;g[wg; ghly;fsp d; 

jhf;fk;. 

myF - 3: fz;zd; ghl;L 

BjhHd; - jha; - je;ij – rPld; - rw;FU – Brtfd;. 

myF - 4: Fapy;ghl;L 

jd;Dzh;r;rpg; ghl;L – Fapypf;fhjy; - FuA;Ff;fhjy; - khl;Lf;fhjy; - 

khDlf;fhjy; - Fapy;ghl;Lk; Btjhe;jf;fUj;JfSk;. 

myF - 5: ghQ;rhyp rgjk; 

fhg;gpaf;TWfs; - ghq;rhyp rgjKk; murpaYk; - bgz; tpLjiy – rK}f 

tuyhw;Wg; gp d;dzp – fhg;gpj; jiyik khe;ju;fs; - nyf;fpa ea k;. 

myF - 6: ghujpahupd; trdftpij 

nd;gk; - qhap W – rf;jp – fly; - fhw;W – btz;zpyh 

myF - 7: ghujpapd; ciueil 

ghujpap d; eil – ghujp ciueilapy; nizg;g[ cj;jpfs; - ghujp ciueilj; 

jpwDk;, fUj;Jg; g[yg;ghLk; - ghujpap d; ci ueilapy; mwp tpay; jkpH; - ghujpapd; 

ciueilapy; jkp Hpdk; - ghujpap d; qhdujk;. 

myF - 8: ghujpAk; gj;jphpiffSk; 

RBjrkpj;jp ud; - ne ;jp ah - gpw gj;jpup iffs;


1. v!;. tp$aghujp, „kfhftp ghujp – xU jpw dha ;t[„ 

thdjp gjpg;gfk;, brd;id, 1978. 

2. uFehjd;, „ghujp fhyKk; fUj;Jk;‟, epa[ brq;Rhp g[f; #t[!; gpiuBtl; 

ypkpbll;, brd;id, 1982. 

3. rpw;gp (bjhFg;g[), „kfhftp ghujp kjpg;gPLfs;‟, Bfhyk; btspaPL, bghs;shr;rp , 

1981 

4. eh.brauhkd;, fUzhfud; (gjpg;.)., „ghujp ciueil Ma;t[„ ghujpah; 

gy;fiyf;fHfk;, Bfhit. 

5. „ghujpahh; ftpijfs;‟, kzpthrfh; gjp g;gfk;, brd;id, 1997 

6. T.H. Irf; „ghujpa hu; ftpij E]y;fs; Fwpj;j Ma;t[fs; xU kjp g;gPL, rhKBty; 

ehafk;;, fpwp!;ly; mr;rfk;, khh;j;jhz;lk;, 1 992. 

******

jhs; : ghujpahh; 




1. ghujpahhpd; tho;f;if tl;lr; nra;jpfis tuyhw;Wr; nra;jpfshf gjpT nra;f? 

2. ghujpahhpd; ghly;fs; czh;j;Jk; Njrpa czh;Tr; nra;jpfisf; fl;Liu tbtpy; 

gilj;jspf;f. 

3. ghujpahh; tpUk;Gk; ngz;zpa ,ay;Gfis mth; top epd;W fl;Liu mikf;f. 

4. ghujpahhpd; nkhopngah;g;Gfs; Vw;gLj;jpa tpisTfis tpsf;fTk;. 

5. fhjy; Fwpj;j ghujpahhpd; fUj;jhf;fq;fisg; gjpT nra;f. 

6. ghQ;rhyp rgjk; gilg;gjw;fhd r%fg; gpd;Gyj;ij ntspg;gLj;Jf. 

7. ghujpahuhy; ntspaplg;gl;l ,jo;fs; gw;wpa nra;jpfisj; jUf. 

8. fz;zid> ghujpahh; Nghw;wp ntspg;gLj;jpa ghq;fpid tpsf;Ff. 

9. Mq;fpNyauhy; ghujpahUf;F Vw;gl;l ,d;dy;fisg; gjpT nra;f. 

*****

jhs;;: ,yf;fpaj;jpy; njhd;kk; 


ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


myF - 1: bjhd;kk; - brhw;bghUs; tp sf;fk; - gHik – bjhy;fhg;gpak; - bjhd;ik – gpw 

tpsf;fA;fs;. 

myF - 2: g[uhztpay; - brtptHpf; fijfs; - gHkug[f; fijfs; - rhpj;jpuk; - niwikf; 

fijfs; - guk;giuf; fijfs; - BtWghLk; gpwt[k;. 

myF - 3: nyf;fpa j;jpy; gyTWfs; - bjhd;kk; nlk;bgWjy; - gad;ghL – Bjit – 

cj;jpfs; - Vida TWfs;. 

myF - 4: bjhd;kBk nyf;fpakhtJ – K}yg;bghUs; - khw;wA;fs; - Vw;g[ eilKiwr; 

bra;jpfs;. 

myF - 5: bjhd;kA;fsp d; tiffs; - epytpay; - rkag;gp d;dzp – bjhHpy; - bkhHp – FGf;fs; 

- ek;gpf;iffs; - gpw. 

myF - 6: jkp H;epyk; - bjhd;kA;fs; - tsh;r;rp – fyg;g[fs; - khw;wA;fs; gpd;g[yA;fs; - 

kf;fsp d; kdg;ghA;F – flt[s; (KUfd; Bghd;whh;) khe;jh;fs; (fz;zfp Bghd;whh;). 

myF - 7: ne;jpa j; bjhd;kk; - bghJepiy – bkhHpahf;fk; - fyg;g[W epiy – njpfhrA;fs; - 

rFe;jiyfij – mhpr;re;jpud; fij – gpw. 

myF - 8: cyfj; bjhd;kk; - Mjhk; Vths; - VRehjh; - rkar; rhh;g[j; - bjhd;kA;fs; - 

bjhlh;g[ila gpw . 

myF - 9: rkaf; fijfs; - g[j;jh; fijfs; - mUfd; - niwaoahh; fijfs; - 

jpUtp isa hly;fs; - gp w. 

myF - 10: 

bjhd;kj;jp d; gHik – kPl;LUthf;f Ka y;t[fs; - Bfhl;ghLfs; - Ma;t[fs;. 

******

jhs; : ,yf;fpaj;jpy; njhd;kk; 

(mUe;Jizg;ghlk;) 




1. ,e;jpaj; njhd;kk; Fwpj;Jf; fl;Liu vOJf. 

2. cyfj; njhd;kq;fspy; rkar; rhh;G njhd;kq;fSf;fhd ,lk; Fwpj;Jf; fl;Liu 

tiuf. 

3. njhd;kj;jpy; Gj;jh; fijfspd; gq;F ahJ. 

4. kPl;LUthf;f Kaw;rpfs; Fwpj;Jf; fl;Liu vOJf. 

5. njhd;kq;fspd; tiffis vLj;Jiuf;f. 

6. njhd;kj;jpy; gokuGf; fijfSf;fhd ,lk; Fwpj;J vOJf. 

7. njhd;kk; Fwpj;jhd nrhw;nghUs; tpsf;fq;fisj; njhFj;Jiuf;f. 

8. njhd;kq;fspd; tsh;r;rp Fwpj;Jf; fl;Liuf;f. 

9. jkpo;epyj; njhd;kk; xd;iw tpthpf;f. 

*****

jhs;: khdpltpaYk; - ,yf;fpaKk; 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


Nehf;fk;: 

1. khdp ltpaiyg; gw;wpa mwpKfk; 

2. jkpH; Ma;tp Yk; gpwJiwia nizj;J Ma;t[ bra ;a[k; Bghf;fp id tsh;j;jy; 

myF - 1: khdp ltpayp d; Bjhw ;wk; - mhp!;lhl;oypd; bfhs;if – khdpltpayp d; cyfk; jGtpa 

tsh;r;rp – fpwpj;Jtr; rkaj;jp dUk; khdp ltpaYk; - khdp ltpaypd; je;ij – 

ne;jpa htpy; khdp ltpa ypd; tsh;r;rp 

myF - 2: khdp ltpay; gp hpt[fspd; mwpKfk; - cly;rhh; khdp ltpay; - gz;ghl;L khdpltpay; - 

bjhy;ypay; - bkhHpapay; 

myF - 3: rhjp Kiw – rhjp Kiwapd; tiffs; - ne;jp ar; rhjp Kiw – rhjpf; bfhs;iffs; - 

kug[f; bfhs;if – bjhHpw; bfhs;if – rkaf; bfhs;if – murpaw; bfhs;if – 

gokyh;r;rpf; bfhs;if – FoCHpa Kiw . 

myF - 4: rka ek;gpf;iffSk; thH;tpaYk; rka j;jp d; Bjhw;w k; - Mtpa[yff; Bfhl;ghL – 

caphpak; - Fyf;Fwpapak; - Kd;Bdhh; tHpghL – g[dp jj; jd;ikia 

Vw;gLj;jpa[s;sik – rlA;F Kiwfs; - kf;fs; thH;tpy; rkaj;jp d; gA;F 

myF - 5: czt[ Nl;LjYk; ghp khw;w KiwfSk; - bghUspay; Kiwfs; - ghp khw;wKk; gfph;e;J 

bfhs;SjYk; - bghJg;goahd ghpkhw;w k; - rkr;rPh; ghpkhw;w k; - Fyg; ghpkhw;w k; - 

FoCHpa Kiw – tpUe;Jg; ghp khw ;wk; - bksdg; ghp khw ;wk; - md;gspg;g[g; 

ghpkhw;w k; - kWgA;fPl;L Kiw . 

myF - 6: 

bghpag[uhzj;jp y; rhjp tiffis n izj;J mwpKfk; bra;jy; 

myF - 7: rpw;wpyf;fpaA;fspy; rka thH;tpaiy nizj;J mwpKfk; bra;jy; 

myF - 8: gz;ila nyf;fpa A;fsp y; ghpkhw;wf; Bfhl;ghLfis mwpKfk; bra;jy; 

ghh;itf;fhd E}y;fs;: 

Fwpg;G: 

1. gz;ghl;L khDltpay ;: gf;jtr;ry ghujp. 

2. rA;f nyf;fpak; (rK}}f khDltpaY k; Ma;t[f; fl;Liufs;) rpyk;g[. eh. 

bry;tuhR. mdpr;rk;. 

3. bghpag[uhz Ma ;t[khiy : bghpag[uhz nyf;fpa Ma;t[ khe hL, thuzhrp. 

rpWtp dhf;fs; Kjy; 5 myFfsp y; mike;Jk; bgUtpdhf;fs; gpd; 3 myFfspy; 

mike;Jk; tUjy; eyk;. 

******

jhs; : khdpltpaYk; ,yf;fpaKk; 





1. ,e;jpahtpy; khdpltpaypd; Njhw;wk; gw;wp tpsf;Ff. 

2. rhjp Kiwfspd; ,Uk;Gg; gpbapypUe;Nj „Fb Copa Kiw‟ Njhd;wpw;W - kjpg;gPLf. 

3. khdpltpaypd; gphpTfis tpsf;fp tiuf. 

4. fpwpj;Jt rkaj;jpdhpd; khdpltpaw; gz;Gfis tpthpf;f. 

5. xUtDf;F xUj;jp vd;Dk; gz;gl;l kzcwT> kjpdp> ikj;Jdp kw;Wk; gy;Jiz 

kzq;fshf Vd; ghpzkpj;jd? Ma;f. 

6. ghpkhw;wf; Nfhl;ghLfisg; gz;ila ,yf;fpaq;fspd; topg; Gyg;gLj;Jf. 

7. njhy;ypaypy; khdpltpaw; rpe;jidfisg; gFj;jha;f. 

8. khdpl ,dj;jpd; gy;NtW rlq;FKiwfis thpirg;gLj;Jf. 

9. MtpAyff; Nfhl;ghLk; mJ gw;wpa ek;gpf;iffisAk; tpsf;Ff. 

*****

ghlk;: Rtbapay; 

(mUe;Jizg; ghlk; - gpw Jiw khzhf;fu;fSf;Fk; cupaJ) 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


Nehf;fk;: 

jkp H;r; Rtofspd; Bjhw;wk; tsu;r;rp gw;wpa[k; gjp g;g[ Kiwfisg; gw;wpa[k; bghJthd 

epiyapy; mwpKfk; bra ;jy;/tpsf;Fjy;. 

myF - 1: 

Rtbapay; - mwpKfk;: brhw;bghUs; - Rtoa paypd; Behf;fk; - Rtofsp d; Bjhw;wKk; 

tsu;r;rpa[k; - vGJbghUs;fs; - VL ja hup j;jYk; gjg;gLj;jYk; - Rtofsp d; 

mikg;g[ - Rtofspd; tif. 

myF - 2: 

mopTk; jpul;LjYk;: mHpt[ - Rto jp ul;Ljy; - rA;f fhyk; - nilf;fhyk; - 

gpw;fhyk; - Rto jp ul;Lk; Kiw fs; - Rto jp ul;Ljyp d; gad; - Rtofisg; gFj;jy; - 

fhj;jy;. 

myF - 3: 

ghl NtWghL: brhw;bghUs; - ghl BtWghl;od; tiffs; - nlk; - bghUs; - fhyk; 

- totk; - jd;ik – vz; - BtWghL Bjhd;wf; fhuzA;fs; - kdg;ghlj;jpypUe;J 

cUthjy; - jw;bra yhf epfH;jy; - bjupe;Bj bra; jy; - FHg;gA;fshy; epfH;jy; - 

eilahy; cUthjy;. 

myF - 4: 

%yghlk; - mwpKfk;: K}yghlk; brhw;bghUs; - Bjhw;wKk; tsu;r;rpa[k; - bghJ 

ne;jpa e hl;oy; - jkpH;ehl;oy; K}y ghl Ma;t[ Bjhw;w k; bgw;w tuyhW. 

myF - 5: 

%y ghlk; - Ma;Tk; Nju;Tk;: Rtofis tifg;gLj;Jk ; Kiw – tHp VLfs; - 

Rtofspd; fhyk; mwp jy; - tup irg;gLj;Jjy; - BtWghLfisf; Fwpj;jy; - K}yghlj; 

Bju;t[ Kiw – mfr; rhd;Wfs; - g[wr;rhd;Wfs; - Ma;t[ epiyapy; Bju;jy;. 

myF - 6: 

gjpg;G Kiw mwpKfk;: gobaLj;jy; - rpf;fy; ePf;Fk; tHp – vGj;J Kiw – ghl;L 

mikg;g[ - xg;gp Lk;gzp – kPl;LUthf;fk; - gjpg;g[ tif – gjpg;g[ Kd;Bdhofs; - 

Rtog; gjpg;gp d; fhyk; - tHpfhl;oBahu; - fUj;J jp ul;oa Kiw – Kd;Diu – 

ghoBdhu; tuyhW. 

myF - 7: 

gjpg;Gg; gzpfs;: gpupg;g[ Kiw – gpup g;g[ - tud;Kiw – e pWj;jw; Fwpfs; - 

mof;Fwpg;g[ - Ma;tlA;fy; - brhy;yilt[ - Ma;t[ Kiw – gjp g;g[iu – bghJf; 

bfhs;iffs;.

myF - 8: 

mr;R: mr;R Kiw fz;fhzpg;g[ - brhe;jg;gjp g;g[ - epiw t[iu – bjhlu; Ma;t[fs;. 


1. g{. Rg;gpukzpa k;, - Rtoapay;, 


brd;id – 113. 

2. nuh.nsA;Fkud; - Rtof;fiy, kzpthrfh; gjp g;gfk;, 

rpjk;guk;. 

3. k.rh. mwpt[ile k;gp - gjpg;g[r; rpe;jidfs;, uh$ uhB$!;thp 

g[j;jfhya k;, brd;id, 2005. 

4. k.rh. mwpt[ile k;gp - Rtoapay; fiyr;brhy; tpsf;f mfuhjp 

fUkzp gjp g;gfk;, g[Jr;Brhp , 2007. 

5. k.rh. mwpt[ile k;gp - Vl;oyf;fpa k;, fUkzp gjpg;gfk;, 

g[Jr;Brhp, 2008. 

******

jhs; : Rtbapay; 





1. Rtbfspd; Njhw;wk; tsu;r;rp Fwpj;J vOJf? 

2. Rtbfspd; mopTk; jpul;LjYk; Fwpj;J vOJf? 

3. %yghlj; Njh;T Kiwfisr; rhd;W fhl;b tpsf;Ff? 

4. Rtbiag; gjpg;gpj;jypy; NeupLk; rpf;fy;fs; Fwpj;J Muha;f? 

5. Ma;T Kd;DiuAk; gjpg;GiuAk; Fwpj;J tpsf;Ff? 

6. mr;Rg;gb cUthf;Fjy; Fwpj;J vOJf? 

7. mwptpay; mbg;gilapy; Rtbfisg; ghJfhj;jy; Fwpj;J Muha;f? 

8. gjpg;G Kd;Ndhbfs; Fwpj;J vOJf? 

9. Rtbfspy; fhzg;gLk; vOj;J tbtq;fs; - msitfs; - FwpaPLfs; - vz;fs; 

tpsf;Ff? 

*****

njhifahf;fk; 


ghlj;jpl;lk; 


Nehf;fk; : rA;fj; bjif E]y;fspd; bjhFg;g[ Bjhd;wpajd; murpay; rK}ff; fhuzpfisf; fz;lwpjy; ; - 

bjhFg;gpd; mog;gilfis tpsf;Fjy; - bjhif E]y;fspd; bjhFg;g[ Kiwa[k; fhyKk; - 

bjhif E]y;fspd; cs;fl;likg;g[ - mjw;Fhpa fhuzpfs; - jkpH; nyf;fpa tuyhw;wpy; 

bjhif E]y;fspd; nlk; Mfpatw;iwf; fhZjy;. 

myF 1 : 

myF 2 : 

myF 3 : 

myF 4 : 

myF 5 : 

myF 6 : 

bjhif, Anthology vd;Dk; brhw;fspd; tuyhW – cyf bkhHpfspy; bjhif E]y;fs; - 

tlbkhHpf; fhtpahjh;rKk; bjhifa[k; 

jkpH;r; rA;fk; - rA;fk; vd;w brhy;ypd; tuyhW – bgsj;j, rkzr; rA;fA;fs; - tr;rpu 

ee;jpapd; jpukps rA;fk; - rA;fk; gw;wpa fijfs; - mg;gh; Bjthuf; Fwpg;g[ - niwadhh; 

fstpay; ciu – rpd;dkD]h;r; brg;BgL jUk; fUj;J – bgha;aoikapyhj g[yth; - 

kJiuj; bjhifahf;fpdhd; - bghpag[uhzk;, jpUtpisahly;fspy; kJiuj; jkpH;r; rA;fk; - 

bja;tA;fs; cWg;gpdh;fs; - mfj;jpad; - ghz;oah;fSk; jkpH;r; rA;fKk; - g[yth;fs;, 

murh;fspd; vz;zpf;if, bgah;fs;, Mz;Lfs;, btspahd E]y;fs;, ftpauA;Bfwpa kd;dh;fs;, 

ghz;oah;fs; 

vl;Lj; bjhif E]y;fs; - bjhFj;BjhUk; bjhFg;gpj;jhUk; - KGikahff; fpilg;git – 

bjhFg;gpd; mog;gilfs; - motiuaiw (4-8; 9-12; 13-31) – ghly;fspd; vz;zpf;if (400, 

500, 100, 150, 70) – jpiz mog;gil (mfk;, g[wk;) – mst[ (FWik, beLik) – 

ghtif (fypg;gh, ghpghly;) – ve;j E]y; Kjypy; bjhFf;fg;gl;lJ? bjhif E]y;fspd; 

bjhFg;g[ thpir - goKiw tsh;r;rp – fhyk; gw;wpa Ma;t[. 

bjhif E]y;fspd; cs;slf;fk; - FWe;bjhif, ew;wpiz mfehD]W – jpizaikg;gpy; 

jpl;gk; - fspw;wpahid epiu, kzpkpil gtsk;, epj;jpyf; Bfhit vd;Dk; gFg;g[fs; - ne;j 

E]y;fSf;Fj; jpiz, Jiwf; Fwpg;g[fs; tHA;fpBahh; - IA;FW E]W – Ie;J g[yth;fs; - 

jpizf;F 100 ghly;fs; - xt;bthd;Wk; 10 ghly;fshf mikjy; - xU bghUs; gw;wpa 

gj;Jg; ghly; ;fs; - gpw;fhyg; gjpfA;fSf;F tHpfhl;Ljy; 

g[wk; gw;wpa bjhif E]y;fs; - gjpw;Wg; gj;J – Bru murpdu; kug[ - nuz;L mur 

kug[fs; - xt;bthU kd;didg; gw;wpa[k; 10 ghly;fs; - ghly;fSf;Fg; bgah; R{l;Ljy; - 

gjpfk; - gjpf mikg;g[ - jUk; bra;jpfs; - g[wehD]W – cs; fl;likg;g[ - murh;fs;, 

FWepy kd;dh;, ts;sy;, jiyth;, bghJepiy – Bru, ghz;oa, BrhHh; vd;Dk; itg;g[ Kiw 

fypj;bjhif – xUth; ghoajh? Ith; ghoajh? rp.it.jhBkhjuk; gps;is Tw;W – 

er;rpdhh;f;fpdpah; Tw;W – xt;bthU ftpapd; mikg;g[ - iff;fpis, bgUe;jpizg; ghly;fs; 

- Ky;iyf; fypapy; VW jGty; - Ky;iyapd; chpg; bghUs; VW jGtyh? – ghz;oah; kug[ 

Bghw;wg;gLjy; - ghpghly; - nirg; ghly;fs; - jpUkhy;, brt;Bts;, itia, kJiu mfKk; 

g[wKk; - ghoBahh;, nir tFj;Bjhh; - gpw;fhyr; bra;jpfs;.

myF 7 : 

gj;Jg; ghl;L - bjhif E]yh? ciuahrphpah;fs; jdp E]y;fshfBt Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdh; - 

kapiyehjh; jUk; Fwpg;g[ - E]y;fspd; fhyk; - thpir Kiw – jpUKUfhw;Wg; gil – 

ef;fPuh; ghly; - gjpBdhuhk; jpUKiwapy; jpUKUfhw;Wg;gil – ef;fPuBjt ehadhh; - flt[s; 

thH;j;jhff; bfhs;sg;gl;ljh? 

myF 8 : 

mfg; bghUs; - VG jpizfs; - iff;fpis, md;gpd; Ie;jpiz, bgUe;jpiz – Fwpq;rp, 

Ky;iy, kUjk;, bea;jy; ghiy xGf;fA;fs; - bro, bfhofspd; bgah;fs; - epy mikg;g[k; 

chpg;bghUSk; - jpiz tFj;jypd; mog;gilfs; - epyj;jpw;Fk; xGf;fj;jpw;Fk; chpa 

cwt[fs; - iff;fpis - xU kUA;F gw;wpa Bfz;ik – fhkq;rhyh nsikBahsplk; fhjy; 

bfhs;Sjy; - bgUe;jpiz – kpf;f fhkk; - bgUtHf;F – Rl;o xUth; bgah; bfhsg; 

bgwhik – gpw;fhy tsh;r;rp – niwadhh; fstpay;, ek;gpafg; bghUs;, jkpH;bewp tpsf;fk;. 

myF 9: 

g[wg;bghUs; - VGjpizfs; - Bghh;fSf;Fk; tHf;fA;fSf;Fk; cs;s bjhlh;g[fs; - 

mfj;Jf;Fk; g[wj;Jf;Fk; nUf;Fk; bjhlh;g[fs; - bjhy;fhg;gpah; fUj;J – ciuahrphpah; 

tpsf;fk; - ghlhz; jpiz – gpw;fhy tsh;r;rp – gd;dpU ghlhz; jpiz – gpw;fhy tsh;r;rp 

– gd;dpU glyk;, g[wg;bghUs; btz;gh khiy – gd;dpuz;L jpizfs;. 

myF 10 : 

bjhif E]y;fspd; cUthf;fk; - bjhFj;Bjhh; gzp – flt[s; thH;j;J – E]Yf;Fg; g[wj;jpYk; 

E]ypd; cs;Sk; flt[s; thH;j;J nUj;jy; - ghujk; ghoa bgUe;Bjtsh;. g[wehD]W 

bgUe;Bjtdhh; fhyj;jpy; nWjp totk; bgw;wjh? bjhFg;gpj;jhDila ghly;fs; bjhif 

E]y;fspy; nlk; bgWjy; - bjhFj;jhh; ghly;fs; E]ypy; nlk; bgwhik – rk fhyj;jpy; 

bjhFf;fg;gl;ljh? bjhFg;g[g; gzpapy; ghz;oah;fSk; Bruh;fSk; - BrhHh;fs; Vd; 

bjhFg;g[g; gzpapy; NLgltpy;iy? Jiwf; Fwpg;g[ vGjpBahh; - ciuahrphpah;fspd; gA;fspg;g[ 

- gjpw;Wg; gj;Jf;Fg; gjpfk; fpl;oaik – gjpfk; jUk; bra;jpfs; - gjpg;ghrphpah; gzpfs; - 

giHa ciuBahL fpilf;Fk; bjhif E]y;fs; - Mrphpah; bgah; bjhpahj ciufs; - 

er;rpdhh;f;fpdpah;, ghpBkyHfh; ciu – jw;fhy ciufs; - kypt[g; gjpg;g[k; ciufSk;. 


1) mfj;jpaypA;fk;, r.rq;fj; jkpo; 1, 1983, mz;zhkiy efh; 

2) rptj;jk;gp, fh, jkpopy; ,yf;fpa tuyhW , 1988, brd;id 

3) Rg;gpukzpa ma;ah;, V.tp., jkpo; Muha;r;rpapd; tsh;r;rp , 1971, brd;id 

4) Re;ju rz;Kfdhh;, jkpo; E}y; njhFg;Gf;fsQ;rpak;, rpjk;guk; 

5) itahGhp gps;is, v!;, ,yf;fpa jPgk;, 1964, brd;id 

6) c.Bt.rhkpehijah;, rp.it.jhBkhjuk; gps;is, gpd;dj;J]h; 

ehuhazrhkp Iah; Bghd;Bwhh; gjpg;gpj;Js;s rA;f E]y;fspd; 

gjpg;Giufs;. 

******

jhs; : njhifahf;fk; 





1. Kr;rq;fq;fs; ,Ue;jikf;fhd rhd;Wfisr; Rl;b tpsf;Ff. 

2. vl;Lj; njhifapy; jpiz mbg;gilapy; mfj;jpiz ,lk; ngWkhw;iw tpsf;Ff. 

3. xU nghUs; gw;wpa gj;Jg; ghly;fs; gpwfhyg; gjpfq;fSf;F vt;thW topfhl;bahf 

tpsq;fpd. 

4. GwehD}w;wpy; cs;fl;likg;Gf; Fwpj;;J ePtph; mwptdtw;iwj; njhFj;Jiuf;f. 

5. ghpghlypd; rpwg;gpidg; Gyg;gLj;Jf. 

6. gj;Jg;ghly; njhif E}yh my;yJ jdp E}yh Ma;f. 

7. mfg;nghUs; jpizf; Nfhl;ghLfs; gw;wp tpthpf;f. 

8. ghlhz; jpiz gpw;fhy ,yf;fpa tsh;r;rpf;F vt;thW Jiz Ghpe;jJ? 

9. njhif E}y;fspd; cUthf;fj;jpw;Fj; njhFj;Njhh; njhFg;gpj;NjhUila gzpapid 

kjpg;gpLf. 

*****

ghlk;: ngz; ,yf;fpaq;fs; 


ghlj;jpl;;lk; (Soft Core course syllabus for IInd M.A. Class) 


Nehf;fk;: bgz; nyf;fpaf; bfhs;iffisj; jkp Hp;y; cs;s bgz; vGj;jhsh; rpyuJ 

nyf;fpaA;fis vLj;Jf; fhl;lhff; bfhz;L fw;gp j;jy; vd;gJ ng;ghlj;jp d; 

Behf;fkhfpwJ. 

myF - 1: bgz; nyf;fpaA;fs; kPjhd rpy Kf;fpaf; fUj;jhf;fA;fs; gw ;wpa mwpKfk; - bgz; 

nyf;fpaA;fs; vd;why; vd;d? – bgz; nyf;fpa tuyhW – bgz; nyf;fpag; 

ghuk;ghpa k; - bgz; nyf;fpaf; bfhs;iffs; vd;gd gw;wpa tp sf;fA;fs;. 

myF - 2: 

bgz; nyf;fpa A;fisg; gFj;Jf; fw;Fk; Kiw – bgz;ik nyf;fpa k; - bgz;zpa 

nyf;fpa k; - bgz; nyf;fpak; vd;w goepiyfspy; bgz; nyf;fpaA;fisg; gFj;Jf; 

fw;gpj;jy;. 

myF - 3: jkp Hpy; rA;f fhyk; Kjw;bfhz;L nd;Wtiu bgz; gilg;ghsh;fsp d; nyf;fpag; 

gA;fspg;gpidg; bghJ epiyapy; mwpKfk; bra;jy; - jkpH;g; bgz; vGj;jhsh;fs; 

fhye;BjhWk; Mw;wp tUk; ftpijg; gA;fspg;iga[k; 20 Mk; E]w ;whz;od; 

bjhlf;fj;jp ypUe;J ftpij, g[jpdk;, rpWfij Bghd;w nyf;fp a totA;fisg; 

gad;gLj;jpj; jA;fSf;fhd brhe;j nyf;fpaj;jsj;ijj; jkpH;g; bgz;Zyfk; 

fl;oa ikj;Js;sikia tpsf;Fjy;. 

myF - 4: bgz; nyf;fpaA;fisg; bgz; Behf;fpy; fw;gpj;jy; - M z; gz;ghl;Lf;Fg; 

g[wepiyapy; nire;jthWk; mfepiyapy; khWgl;Lk; xypf;fpd;w bgz;Fuy;fis bgz; 

nyf;fpa j;Js; fz;lwp jy; - bgz;Zf;Bf chp a naw;ifg; bgz;ik – bgz; cly; 

kw;wk; kdk; rhh; bra;jpfs; - khjtp lha; - fhkk; - fhk cWg;g[fs; gw ;wpa 

bra;jpfs; - fUj;jhp g;g[ - fw;gk; - FHe ;ijg; gpwg;g[ - ghY]l;ly;, FHe;ij tsh;g;g[ 

nd;d gpw bgz;ikg; bghUz;ikfisg; bgz; nyf;fpaj;Js; fz;L fw;gp j;jy;. 

myF - 5: bgz; nyf;fpa g; ghLbghUl; bfhs;if gw;wpa mwpKfk; - rA;f fhyk; Kjw;bfhz;L 

nUgjhk; E]w;whz;L tiuap yhd bgz; vGj;jhsu;fsp d; nyf;fpa f; bfhs;if – 

bgz; nyf;fpa A;fsp d; ghLbghUs;fspy; ep yt[k; mog;gilahd nUikg; bghUs; 

my;yJ nul;ilf;Fuy; (Double talk) – bgz; nyf;fpaA;fspd; igj;jp ag; (Hysterical) 

gz;gikg;g[ kw;Wk; bgz; nyf;fpag; ghLbghUs;fshfg; gutyhff; ifahsg;gLk; 

„rBfhjhpj;Jtk;‟ (Sisterhood) – „nby!;gpad; fhkk;‟ (Lesbian Sexu ality)‟ – jha; kfs; 

cwt[ „(Mother Dau ghter Relationship )‟ kw;Wk; nd;d gpwtw;iw tp sf;Fjy;. 

myF - 6: 

bgz; nyf;fpa bkhHp gw;wpa mwpKfk; - bgz; nyf;fpa bkhHp vd;gJ 

xLf;fg;gl;l ndj;jpd; bkhHp vd;gij tp sf;Fjy; - bgz; nyf;fpa bkhHpapd; 

brhy;yikg;g[, bghUsikg;g[, bjhlh; mikg;g[, bkhHpeil, tpsk;g[ Kiw nd;d 

gpwtw;iw tp sf;Fjy;.

myF - 7: bgz; nyf;fpa A;fsp d; mHfpay; cj;jpfs; gw;wpa tp sf;fk; - mzp eyd;fs; - 

ctkk; - cUtfk; - re;jepiyg; ghLfs; - nd;d gpw. 

myF - 8: bgz; nyf;fpa A;fspy; g hj;jp u thh;g;g[fs; - Mz; ghj;jpug; gilg;g[fs; - bgz; 

ghj;jpug; gilg;g[fs; - jiyik khe;jh; gilg;g[fs; - ghj;jpuA;fl;F Kot[ jUjy; - 

nd;d gpw. 

myF - 9: bgz; nyf;fpa A;fspy; bgz; cstpaiyf; fz;lwpjy; - bgz; nyf;fpa A;fspy; 

gz;ila bgz; gz;ghl;Lf; Twfisf; fz;blLj ;jy; - bgz; gz;ghl;L bkhHpia j; 

Bjof; fz;L tp sf;Fjy; - gy epiyfsp Yk; Mz; nyf;fpa A;fsp dpd;W bgz; 

nyf;fpaA;fs; BtWgl;L tp sA;Fk; jd;ikapid tp sf;Fjy; - nd;d gpw. 

myF - 10: 

gpd; bgz;zpa k; (Post Feminism) bgz; nyf;fpak; gw;wp Kd; itf;Fk; bra ;jpfs; - 

gpd; bgz;zpa nyf;fp aA;fspd; (Post Feminist Literature) gz;g[fshf nUf;fj;jf;fd 

gw;wpa bra;jpfs; - gp d; bgz;zpa nyf;fpaf; bfhs;ifahsh;fs; gw;wpa mwpKfk; - 

b#yd; rpf;!h!; (Hel‟ene Cixous), Y]rp nhpfuha ; (Lu ce Irigaray‟s), $Pypa h 

fpwp!;Bjth (Julia Kristeve), nd;d gpw. 

ghl mbg;gil %yq;fs;: 

1. rA;f nyf;fpaj; bjhFg;g[f;fspy; nlk; bgw;Ws;s bgz;ghw; g[yth;fsp d; 

ghly;fspy; rpy. 

2. fhiuf;fhy; mk;ika hh; kw ;Wk; Mz;lhs; Bghd;w gilg;ghsh;fsp d; gilg;g[fspy; 

rpy. 

3. jkp H;g; bgz; e htyhrp hpah;fsp d; e hty;fspy; rpy. 

4. jkpH;g; bgz; rpWfija hrphpah;fspd; rpWfijfspy; rpy. 

5. Showalter, Elain e (1977), A Literature o f th eir o wn, British Wo men No velists fro m Bronte to 

Lessin g, Princeton, N.J.Princeton University Press 

6. Gilbert, Sandra M. and Gu bar, su san (1979), The ma d wo men in the Attic: Th e wo men writer 

and the Nineteeth Century Literary Imagination, New Haven, Yale University. 

7. Moi Toril, Sexu al/Textu al Politics: Feminist Literary Th eory, Routled ge, Londo n, (1991) 

(Reprinted) 

*****

jhs; : ngz; ,yf;fpaq;fs; 





1. ngz;zpar; rpWfijfspy; ngz;fij khe;jh;fspd; rpj;jphpg;G Fwpj;J xU fl;Liu 

tiuf. 

2. ngz; vOj;jhtJ ahJ? mJ gw;wpa gy;NtW fUj;Jf;fs;> NtWghLfs; 

Mfpatw;iwr; Rl;b fl;Liu tbtpy; tpsf;fk; jUf. 

3. jkpo;r; rpWfijfspy; „fw;G‟> „jpUkzk;‟ Kjyhd fUj;jhf;fq;fs; ifahsg;gl;Ls;s 

jpwk; gw;wp tpthpf;f. 

4. ngz;zpaj; jpwdha;T mZFKiwfis tpsf;fp xU fl;Liu tiuf. 

5. ngz;zpar; rpWfijfspy; tpthjpf;fg;gLk; gy;NtW fijf;fUf;fis tpthjpf;f. 

6. ngz;zpa tiffis tpsf;fp xU fl;Liu tiuf. 

7. ngz;zpar; rpWfijfspy; ifahsg;gLk; ngz;zpaf; fUj;Jf;fis tpthpj;J xU 

fl;Liu tiuf. 

8. „Gwj;jy; mjd; Rje;jpuk;‟ njhFg;gpy; cs;s ftpijfs; Fwpj;J xU fl;Liu tiuf. 

9.

ngz; vOj;jhsh;fSk; GidfijfSk; 

mUe;Jizg; ghlk; 


myF 1 : ngz;zpak; - tpsf;fk; - jkpo;r; R+oypy; ngz;zpak;. gilg;ghsh;fspd; 

tho;f;ifg; gpd;dzp. 

myF 2 : ngz; ehtyhrphpah;fs; - tprhyhl;rp mk;khs; - kPdhl;rp Re;juk;khs; - 

kiykfs; - tp. ghyhk;ghs; - nra;A+h; rhuehafp mk;khs; - Nfhij ehafp 

mk;khs; - %tY}h; uhkhkph;jj;jk;khs; - Mh;.v];.,uh[yl;Rkp mk;khs; - 

tp. ru];tjp mk;khs; - rpj;jp [{idjh Ngfk; - b.gp. ,uh[yl;Rkp mk;khs; - 

Ntq;flyl;Rkp – n[ayl;Rkp =epthrd; - FKjpdp – rNuh[h ,uhk%h;;j;jp – 

,th;fSila gilg;GfSf;F cz;lhd jilfs; - Mzhjpf;f kNdhghtk;. 

myF 3 : ngz;zpar; rpWfijfs; - rpWfij Mrphpah;fs; - „FLk;g mikg;G‟ vd;w 

fUj;jhf;fk; - jw;fhyr; rpWfijfspy; FLk;g mikg;Gg; gw;wpa rpj;jphpg;G. 

myF 4 : jw;fhyr; rpWfijfspy; jpUkzk; Fwpj;j fUj;jhf;fq;fs; - „fw;G‟ vd;w 

fUj;jhf;fk; - Mzhjpf;fr; rpe;jidfs; - ngz;zpa Nehf;fpy; 

vOjg;gl;Ls;s rpWfijfs;. 

myF 5 : ngz;zpaf; fijfs; - jdpik – mwpT[Ptpfs; fhjypf;fpwhh;fs; 

nghd;Dj;jhap – rpy tjk; - typ – Gjpa Vths; - tPL – Kjypa fijfs;. 

myF 6 : ngz;zpar; rpWfijfspy; ngz;fspd; rpj;jphpg;G – fijf; fU – fij 

khe;jh;fs; - ngz;fspd; rpf;fy;fs; - nkhop eil. 

myF 7 : ckh kNf];thpapd; ehty; - „ahUk; ahUlDk; ,y;iy‟ fijf; fU – 

fij khe;jh;fs; - ngz;fspd; rpf;fy;fs; nkhop eil. 

myF 8 : ghkhtpd; „fUf;F‟ – jypj; ngz;zpaf; fUj;jhf;fk; - mbj;jl;Lg; ngz;fs; 

epiy – „fUf;F‟ ehtypd; fijf;FU – fij khe;jh;fs; - nkhop eil. 


1) ngz;zpar; rpWfijfs ; - 

2) tpLjiyf;F Ke;ija ngz;fspd; ehty;fs; - 

3) ahUk; ahUlDk; ,y;iy – 

4) fUf;F – 

*****

jhs; : ngz; vOj;jhsh;fSk; GidfijfSk; 





1. jkpopr; R+oypy; ngz;zpaf; fUj;jhf;fq;fs; Njhd;wp tsh;e;j epiyia tpthp. 

2. njhlf;ff; fhyg; ngz; Gjpdg; gilg;ghsh;fs; gw;wp xU fl;Liu tiu. 

3. „kjpngw;w ikdh;‟ Gjpdk; top> %tY}h; ,uhkhkph;jk; mk;ikahh; Kd; itj;j ngz; 

tpLjiyf; fUj;Jf;fis Muha;f. 

4. FLk;gj;jpw;Fs; ngz;fs; vjph;nfhs;Sk; rpf;fy;fisg; ngz; rpWfijg; 

gilg;ghsh;fs; ntspg;gLj;jpAs;s ghq;if tpthp. 

5. ngz;zpar; rpWfijfspy; ntspg;gLk; Mzhjpf;f vjph;g;G epiyg;ghLfisj; 

njspTg;gLj;Jf. 

6. „typ‟> „Gjpa Vths;‟ Mfpa fijfspd; top mwpag;gLk;> ngz;zpaf; fUj;Jf;fis 

kjpg;gpLf. 

7. ngz;nkhopf; Fwpj;J epyTk; fUj;Jf;fis Muha;f. 

8. „tpNehjpdp‟ vd;Dk; ghj;jpug;gilg;G %yk;> ckh kNfRthpapd; ngz;zpa 

epiyg;ghLfis tpthpf;f. 

9. „fUf;F‟ vd;Dk; Gjpdf; fijg; Nghf;fpd; top ntspg;gLk; jypj; ngz;zpaf; 

fUj;jhf;fq;fis tpsf;fp tiuf. 

*****

SPOKEN TAMIL 

BASIC GRAMMAR (LESSON PLAN HANDOUT) 

Code No: TAML 121 (3 Credits) 

PART: ONE 

Unit: 1: PRONOUNS & EQUI-NP STRUCTURE. 

naan”I”, nii “you”, ..atu “that”, itu “this” … yen / yennooTe “my”, on 

/onnooTe “your” .. yetu “which” , yenna “what”, yaar “who” … 

Example: itu pustakam, inta pustakam yennooTa pustakam, inta pustakam 

yaarooTa pustakam?, inta pustakam yennooTatu, inta pustakam yennooTa 

pustakam ille, inta pustakam yennoTatille. 

Unit: 2: ADJECTIVES & ADVERBS. 

Adjectives: nalla “good”, keTTa “bad”, sinna “small”, periya “big”. . . 

uyaramaana “tall”, aLakaana “beautiful” 

Adverbs: aLakaa “beautifully”, koopamaa “angrily”, veekama “fastly” 

atu aLakaana pomme “That is a beautiful doll”. 

Adjectival predicative: atu nallatu “That is a good one” 

ivaru nallavaru “He is a good person” 

Example: inta pustakam nalla pustakam, inta pustakam arumaiyaana 

pustakam, inta pustakam rompa nalla pustakam. 

Unit: 3: VERBS: Strong Verbs: e.g:„iru‟ “to be” & weak verbs eg: vaa “come” 

Imperatives, Present, Past & Future Tenses. 

saappiTu “eat”, paTinka “please red”, peesaatiinka “pl. don”t speak”,…. 

naan irukkree “I am”, nii irukree “You are”, avan irukkiraan “He is “…… 

avan varraan “he comes, ava(L) varraa(L) “she comes” …….. 

Example: naanka(l) viiTle irukkroom “We are in the House” 

yenka appaa Londonle irukkraaru “My father is in London” 

naanka(L) viiTTukku pooroom “we go home”………. 

naanka(L) paaTam paTippoom „we study the lessons”…. 

naayi taNNi kuTiccutu “The dog drank water”…… 

Unit: 4: DEFECTIVE VERBS. 

yenakku teriyum “I Know”, puriyum “I understood”, piTikkum “I like”, 

Example: avankalukku koncam taNNi veeNum “She needs some water” 

yenakku tamiL nalla teriyum “I know Tamil well”. 

yenakku „dosai‟ rompa p piTikkum, yonkaLukku avare p patti 

teriyumaa?, avarukku tamiL nallaa puriyaatu, naaLekki niinke 

inke vara , muTiyaataa?, kuTikka koncham taNNi veeNum.

Unit: 5: KINGSHIP TERMS 

appaa „father”, tankacci “younger sister, atte “aunty”, …… 

Example: avarukku oru kuTumpam irukku “He has a family” 

inta payyan onkalukku enna veeNum “What is your relation with this 

boy?” 

Unit: 6: NUMBERS, TIME & SEASON. 

Numbers:(1-20) 

Example: onnu “one”, reNtu “two”, muuNu “three”…… 

avankalukku naalu tankaccinka irukkraanka “She has four younger 

sisters” 

ongalukku ettane aNNan tampi irukkraanka 

“How many elder & younger brothers do you have?”…. 

Time: kaaleyile “in the morning” mattiyaanam “afternoon”, .. 

maNi “time” , neeram “duration”, ….., 

are “half”, muunare “three and 

half”, kaal “quarter”, anceekaal “five and quarter”,…… 

Example: ippo maNi yenna? “what time is it?” , ippo maNi eeLeekaal 

“Now it is 7.15” 

tenamum kaaleyile avaru pattare maNikki 

vakuppule irrukraaru “Daily in the morning he is in the class 

at 10.30. a.m.” 

Season: kaaleyile “in the morning” , sayankaalam “in the evening” …. 

mattiyaanam avaru inke iruppaaru “He will here in the 

afternoon”….. 

Unit: 7: IMPERATIVES & PROHIBITIVES. 

(Verbs: vaa, poo, cey, collu, paTi, muTi, ...) 

Example: 

niinka inke vaanka. 

nii ate ceyyaate. 

niinka anta pakkam pookaatiinka. 

anniyar yaarum uLLe vara k kuuTaatu. 

Unit: 8: VERBS: durative forms in Present, Past & Future tenses. 

(Verbs: paar, koTu, kuTi, vaanku, sappiTu, ...) 

Example: naan saappiTTukiTTirukreen „I am eating‟ 

avaru neettu uuruku pooyikiTTiruntaaru 

“He was going to the town yesterday”, 

avanke taattaa naaLekki uurukku p poovaaraa?, 

avaru naaLekki uurukku pookamaaTTaaru, 

naan „office‟leyiruntu viiTTukku „bus‟le veekamaa 

pooreen.

Unit: 9: VERBS: Perfect tenses: 

Example: sayankaalam avaru enka viiTTukku vantiruntaaru 

“He has come to my house in the evening” 

naan Tamil nallaa paTiccirukkreen 

“I have read Tamil well”……… 

PART: TWO 

Unit: 10: NEGATIVES 

Example: itu pustakamille “This is not a book”. 

avaru viiTTle ille “He is not in the house”., 

naan classukku pookamaTTeen “I will not go to the class” 

avan eppavum onkaLooTee peesikiTtirukkamaaTTaan 

“He will not be talking to you always” 

enka appaavukku onkale patti teriyattu “My father doesn‟t know about 

you.” 

niinka naalekki uurukku pookaatiinka “please, you don‟t go to the village.” 

Unit: 11: AUXILIARY VERBS. 

(-paar, -viTu, -koL, -tole, - aacci, ...) 

Example: avanka ellaam saappiTTaacci, 

name avarukiTTe tamilLle koncham peesippaappoomaa? , 

naaLekki naan putusaa oru vaNTi vaanka p pooreen, 

anta vaattiyaarukiTTe enne p patti colli t tolekaate , 

niinka paaTam nalla paTikaama vakuppukku pookaatiinka. 

Unit: 12: VERB SEQUENCES. 

Example: onka tampi veekamaa ooTi varaaru, 

anta aaLu yonkaLe paattukiTTee naTantu varaaru, 

anta tiruTan aaLe paattatum ooTipooyiTTaan, 

niinka vantapporam naan viiTTukku pooReen , 

inta ceytiye avarukiTTe niinka avasiyam colliTTuvaraNum, 

kaaru vaankaratukku munnaale kaaru o oTTe k kattukkaNum. 

Unit: 13: QUOTATIVE FORM. 

Example: „naaLekki vareen‟-NNu avarooTe aNNen coonnaaru, 

avare ellaarum „tampi‟NNu kuupiTuvaanka, 

„avane uurle paatteen‟-NNu avaru connaaru, 

„avane uurle paatteen‟-NNaaru. 

Unit: 13: RELATIVE CLAUSE. 

Example:anke nikkRa payyan yennoTe tampi, 

avaru vaankikiTTuvanta pustakam rompa nallaa irukku, 

inta vakupple nallaa tamiL paTikkRavanka yarru?

Unit: 14: GERUND FORM. 

Example: kaaleyile oru maNi neeram paTikkratu nallatu, 

aTikkaTi saappiTRate niinka korakkaNum, 

veelekki pookaatatukku „yenna kaaraNam‟-NNu KeeLunka, 

avaru innekki samaiccirukkRatellaam rompa nalla y irukku 

Unit: 15: COMPARATIVE CLAUSE. 

Example:avaru yonkaLe p poole nallaa tamiL peesRaaru, 

maturaiyee vita inta uuru avvaLavu perusaa y illenka, 

onkale k kaaTTilum onka payyan nallaa tamiL peesRaaru, 

yellaa uureyum vita inta uurutaan rompa p piTiccirukku. 

Unit: 16: CONDITIONAL CLAUSE. 

Example:niinka vantaa naanum onkaLooTe pooveen. ., 

niinka varaaTTaa naanum pookamaaTTeen, 

yenka appaakiTTee keeTTaa ate vanki t taruvaaru. 

Unit: 17: CONCESSIONAL CLAUSE. 

Example: niinka vantaalum naan anke pookamaaTTeen , 

avaru varaaTTaalum niinka avasiyam varaNum, 

yenka appaakiTTe keeTTaalum ate vaanki t taramaaTTaaru . 

Unit: 18: OPTATIVE. 

Example:naaLekki kaaleyile avaru veelekki varalaam , 

naan innekki uurukku poonaalum pooveen , 

oruveeLe innekki avaru inke varakkuuTum . 

Unit: 19: CLITICS. 

Example:naanee avaru viiTTukku pooneen, 

anta ammaa „dosai‟maTTum saappiTTaanka, 

niinka kaTevarekkum pooyiTTu variinkaLaa? , 

avareettaan yenakkumaTTumee paNam koTuttaaru. 

Unit: 20: FORMS. 

Example: „tiTiir‟NNu avaru enke viiTTukku vantaru, 

appalam „pole pole‟ NNu noRinki p poocci, 

ete k keeTTaalum „tiru tiru‟NNu muLikkaatiinka, 

veeleye ellaam „kaTe Kate‟NNu muTikkaNum.

Unit: 21: SIMPLE CONTROLLED CONVERSATION 

(a): My Family: 

(b): Sbopping: 

itutaan onka kuTumpamaa 

aamaa, itutaan enka kuTumpam 

onka kuTumpattule yaayaar irukkraanka 

enka kutumpattule neraya peer irukkraanka 

onka appaa yenke irukkraaru 

enka appaa London-le professor-aa iruukraaru 

onka appaakuuTa onka ammaavum irukkraankaLaa 

aamaa, enka ammaavum enka appakuuTa irukkraanka 

onka ammaa yenna veele ceyraankaa 

enka ammaa viiTle summaa irukkraanka 

onkalukku aNNan tampi irukkraankaLaa 

enka kuTumbam rompa perusunka. aNNan tambiyellam irukkraanka 

vaaLeppaLam irukka 

yenna vaaLappaLam veeNum 

rasttaali vaaLappaLam irukka 

irukkunka, evvaLavu paLam veeNum 

nalla paLammaa muuNu paLam maTTum koTunka 

intaanka payye piTinka 

inta paLam koncam aLuki irukku 

inta paLam nalla paLam; vaankunka 

muuNu paLam yenna vele 

muunu paLam naalu ruupaa 

vele rompa jaasti; koncam koracci koTunka 

sari, muuNare rupaa koTunka 

anci ruupaa irukku, sillare irukka 

intaanka. 

---------------------------------------------- 

VERBS LEARNED: 

vaa “come”, tankiyiru “stay”, koNTaa “bring, okkaar “sit”, cey “do”, poo „go”, 

paNNu “make”, peesu “speak”, collu “say”, ooTu “run”, muuTu “close”, 

kaaTTu “show”, elutu “write”, vaanku “buy”, tuunku “sleep”, kaluvu “wash”, 

veTTu “cut”, anuppu “send”, saappiTu “eat”, kuuppiTu “call”, pooTu “put”, 

iru “be”, naTa “walk”, tera”open”, paar “see”, koTu “give”, eTu “take”, kuTi “drink”, 

paTi “study, same “cook”, kuli “bathe”, siri “laugh”, vai “keep”, aTi “hit” 

nil “stand” 

******

Note: The Question Paper setter can take any question pattern for setting the paper 

SPOKEN TAMIL 

Soft Core 

Model Question Papers 

Duration: Three Hours Marks:60 

I. Translate any Ten sentences into Tamil 

1. My younger sister works as a doctor in Kovalam since seven years. 

2. His mother goes to the town to bring food from the hotel. 

3. His uncle likes to speak in French with his wife. 

4. My bag is on the table in the class room. 

5. His daughters study Tamil with a teacher in the school. 

6. I have head ache from yesterday. 

7. Your aunt walks daily in the garden for one hour in the evening. 

8. The servant maid cleans all rooms in the house. 

9. My mother likes me very much than all her children. 

10. The director also knows very well about you. 

11. We all go to the class from the hostel in bus. 

12. My children speak in English very well with t heir father. 

13. Your elder brother shows his books to me. 

14. The servant maid cooks food for our family in the morning. 

15. The nurse sends money also to them. 

16. Your daughter from Chicago writes a letter to her elder brother. 

17. Please bring hot coffee for us from the house. 

18. Chennai is a good city like Delhi. 

19. Cochin is bigger than Pondicherry. 

20. John writes faster then you write. 

II. Translate the following questions into Tamil & answer them in Tamil: 

1. What is your name? 

2. Do you understand Tamil very well? 

3. How may brothers do you have in your house? 

4. What do you like to eat in the hotel today evening? 

5. Does the Tamil teacher teach you Tamil well? 

6. How do you go to your village from here? 

7. What do you do in the hostel after the class? 

8. Do you give your pencil to your friend to w rite a letter? 

9. Does your younger sister work in a hospital as doctor? 

10. Do you buy new dress for you for the Pongal? 

III. Conjoin the following two phrases into Tamil sentences: 

1. I study in this University; this University is in Pondicherry. 

2. She bought a book from the shop; the teacher told her to buy the book. 

3. His mother went to Chennai; after wards she saw my brother; my brother 

lives in Chennai. 

4. The thief saw the boy; soon after he ran from there. 

5. Your brother came to Pondy; my father also come to Pondy. 

6. I saw the cycle in the shop; immediately after that I also bought a new 

cycle. 

7. Your aunt comes her today; then we all will go to the temple. 

8. The shop owner called the boy; at that time the boy was sleeping.

9. His uncle wrote a letter to him; you know his uncle. 

10. My pen is lost; my friend gave me this pen yesterday. 

IV. Translated the following sentences into Tamil: 

1. If this class is in the morning, I will come to study. 

2. Since your dog sits in front of your house my sister will not come there. 

3. Even if the boy writes a very big letter, I will not send him a letter now. 

4. When my father comes to see me, he will bring books for me. 

5. As soon as the cat drinks the milk, it goes and sits behind the house. 

6. My mother cooks in the kitchen talking to the servant maid about her 

brother. 

7. Running in the beach in the morning from my house is good. 

8. The teacher does not like you sitting in the class talking to your friend. 

9. Always this milk man puts the milk in the bag and closes the door. 

10. After food we will go to the school with m y mother in the car. 

V. Fill the blanks with suitable forms for any Ten sentences: 

1. naaLekki niinka uurukku -------------? (will (you) not go). 

2. John -------peesamaaTTaaru (to him). 

3. -----koncam taNNi veeNum (to me). 

4. onkaLukku ------teriyumma? (about him). 

5. avarukku -------oru coffee koTunka. (hot). 

6. itu oru ------viiTu (beautiful). 

7. avanka inke ----------? (ill she come). 

8. naan ------ marketukku pooreen (with my mother). 

9. yenka ammaa ------- varraanka (to India). 

10. avaru yaare ------- pooraaru? (to see) 

11. ivan -------pookale (any where). 

12. anta tampi --------vantaaru (just like that) 

VI. Convert the sentences into past tense Tamil sentences. 

1. He speaks Tamil very well with his friends. 

2. I eat idlies in the canteen today afternoon . 

3. The small cat sleeps always under the chair. 

4. The cow stands next to a big tree. 

5. Four students are staying in a small room . 

VII. Convert the sentences into future tense Tamil sentences. 

1. Who writes a book in English for the children? 

2. Your dog eats the food after you eat in the house. 

3. My elder sister sends a partcel to her daughter from here. 

4. He drinks more in the party with his friends. 

5. I wash my hands before eating. 

VIII. Convert the following into negative Tamil sentences. 

1. This English book is a very good book. 

2. I ate in your house with you. 

3. She will not come to the class to day. 

4. The cow will not dring this water. 

5. Who likes pizza? 

6. The dog will not speak.

7. If you give money I will buy a book for my elder sister. 

8. Please sit on this chair. 

9. My mother has given money for me to study. 

10. The child is closing the door in the room. 

IX. Convert the following sentences into continuous tense forms in Tamil. 

1. The girl cleans all rooms in my house. 

2. My mother goes to the hotel to bring food for my father. 

3. Your dog eats the food when you eat in the houe. 

4. He runs in the garden everyday morning with his mother. 

5. He speaks TAkil very well with his friends. 

6. Do you come with me for the meeting? 

7. My mother cooks in the kitchen talking to the servant maid about the 

brother. 

8. Since your dog sits in front of your house my sister will not come there. 

9. Your dauther from Chicago writes a letter to her elder brother . 

10. The nurse sends money also to them . 

X. Convert the following sentences into perfect tense forms in Tamil. 

1. I gave a pen to my friend. 

2. The parrot eats fruits from the tree. 

3. My sister studied in the school. 

4. Who talks loudly in the class? 

5. My mother shows the house to the director. 

XI. Use each of the following words in Tamil sentences: 

1.myTiyaatu, 2.paNNaaTTaa, 3. terantaalum, 4. kuTikkattee, 5.peesuviinka, 

6.yenakkaaka, 7.vaankratu, 8. paakkammaTTaaru, 9. pooTale, 10. same 

XII. Use the opposite of any of the following five words in Tamil sentences: 

1.nalla, 2. sinna, 3. koTunka, 4. varren, 5.terakkraaru, 6, irukkum, 7. piTukkum 

XIII. Correct the following sentences: 

1. avaru nallaa tamil teriyumaa? 

2. neettu onka naayi inke vautu. 

3. naanka yenka uurukku poonaanka. 

4. avaru denamum yenakku tamil peesuvaaru 

5. itu ellaarum yonka pustakamaa? 

XIV. Match the following for grammatical sentences: 

1. naalekki yen appaa (a) peesuvaanka 

2. naanka ellaam uurukku (b) paTicciinka 

3. naan paNam avarukku (c) varuvaaraa? 

4. avaru denamum yenakku tamil peesuvaaru (d) koTutteen 

5. itu ellaarum yonka pustakamaa? (e) pooroom. 

XV. Write ten sentences in Tamil about any one of these topic s: 

1.My school 2. My Tamil classs 3. My family 4. My village.

Course No: TAM 123 COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH No. of Credits:3 

(Soft Core) 

(Tentative Syllabus) 

Objectives: To converse in simple English sentences in day to day acti vities. 

Unit : 1 - Introduction of Simple Sentence patterns with the use of Verb 

“BE”(present tense), simple Adjectives, Adverbs & Intensifiers. 

e.g: He is a teacher, He is a good teacher, He is a very good teacher. 

This is my room. 

Unit : 2 - Introduction of the verb “HAVE” & its different uses. 

e.g: He has a brother, I have a dog. 

Unit : 3 - Wh-questions & Auxiliary inversion type questions. 

e.g: What is this?, Who is he?, How many brothers do you have?, 

Is this your room?. 

Unit : 4 - Negatives & Locatives: 

e.g: I am not a teacher, Is this not a good book? 

My house is in front of a church. There is a book on the table 

What are the things inside your bag? 

Unit : 5 - Usage of Basic Verbs: come, go, see, study, eat, drink, write, ….. 

e.g: I study English with a teacher in my school. 

Everyday we all go to the class from our hostel by bus 

Unit : 6 - Present, Past & Future tenses, infinitive forms: 

e.g: My father went to Chennai, I will come tomorrow. 

His mother bought fish from the market to cook for us. 

Unit : 7 - Continuous Tense., 

e.g: He is eating dosa in the canteen. 

She is not paying her tution fees now. 

Unit : 8 - Perfect Tense., 

e.g: You have studied very well for the exam. 

Unit : 9 - Modals: can, may, must ……. 

e.g: He can speak English well now. 

You should not come late to the classes . 

Let him speak to the director about his studies. 

I will never drink alcohol in my life. 

Unit : 10 - Gerund forms. 

e.g: you must running in the beach daily. 

smoking is not good for our health. 

We can go together for swimming in the beach.

Unit : 11 - Discontinuous forms: 

e.g: Either my father or my mother will come to see me today. 

He will drink neither coffee nor tea. 

Unit : 12 - Relative Clause construction: 

e.g: This is the school where my father studied. 

He is our teacher from whom we learn English. 

He lives in a village which is near Chennai. 

Unit : 13 -Compound sentences: 

e.g: I went to the market and bought a pen for my sister . 

My brother and I will to the temple today evening. 

The cat didn‟t come and drink the milk. 

Unit : 14 -Temporal adverbs: When, while, after, …….. 

e.g: When I went to Chennai, I bought the book. 

As soon as the thief saw the police, he ran way. 

Unit : 15 -Conditional & concessive forms: 

e.g: If he goes to Chennai, he will buy me the book. 

Even if he doesn‟t call me, I will go to see him. 

*****

Time: 3 hours COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH Max. Marks:60 

I. Translate the following sentences into English: - 

1. tzf;fk;. vd; ngau; Nfhghy;. 

2. ehd; Gjpa Mrpupauhf te;Js;Nsd;. 

3. vd; ngau; ,uhkd;. ehd; ,e;jf; fy;Y}upapd; Kjy;tu;. 

4. cq;fSila miw ,q;Nf ,Uf;fpwJ. 

5. tFg;giw vq;Nf ,Uf;fpwJ? Iah! 

6. tFg;giw ,q;Nf ,y;iy. 

7. tFg;giw mLj;j fl;lj;jpy; cs;sJ. 

8. ,g;NghJ ePq;fs; vd;d gbj;Jf; nfhz;L ,Uf;fpwPu;fs;? 

9. ehq;fs; rq;f ,yf;fpak; gbj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpNwhk;. 

10. rq;f ,yf;fpaj;jpy; xU ghl;L nrhy;Yq;fs;. 

11. GwehD}w;wpypUe;J xU ghl;L nrhy;yl;Lkh? Iah! 

12. cq;fs; ngau; vd;d? 

13. vd; ngau; ehuhazd;. 

14. ghl;L rupahf ,Uf;fpwJ. ghuhl;Lfs;. 

15. ehis tUk;NghJ> ePq;fs; MSf;F xU ghl;L nrhy;YtPu;fsh? 

16. gpio ,y;yhky; nrhd;dhy; gupR jUNtd;. 

17. Re;juKk; fz;zDk; vq;Nf? 

18. ehq;fs; ,q;Nf ,Uf;fpNwhk;. 

19. ehs;NjhWk; ePq;fs; rq;f ,yf;fpak; gbg;gPu;fsh? 

20. ehq;fs; ed;whfg; gbg;Nghk;. 

II. Translate the following sentences into English:- 

(A) 

1. ehd; ,g;NghJ gy;fiyf;fofj;jpw;Fg; Ngha;f; nfhz;bUf;fpNwd;. 

2. gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy; jkpo; gbf;fg; NghfpNwd;. 

3. vd; ez;gd; FkhUk; jkpo; gbf;f te;jpUf;fpwhd;. 

4. ehDk; mtDk; jkpo;g; Gj;jfq;fs; thq;FNthk; . 

5. ehq;fs; ed;whfj; jkpo; gbg;Nghk;. 

(B) 

6. vd;Dila Cu;g; ngau; GJg;Ngl;il. 

7. me;j Cu; GJr;Nrhp mUfpy; cs;sJ. 

8. ehd; jpdKk; NgUe;jpy; tUfpNwd;. 

9. GJr;Nrup NgUe;J epiyaj;jpy; ,wq;FNtd;. NtW xU NgUe;jpy; 

VWNtd;. 

10. me;jg; NgUe;J gy;fiyf;fofj;jpw;F Kd;dhy; epw;Fk;. 

(C) 

11. vq;fs; NguhrpupaUila miw kpfg; ngupaJ . 

12. mtUila ngau; Nfhghy;. 

13. vq;fs; Nguhrpupau; kpfTk; ey;ytu;. 

14. ehq;fs; mtuplk; vq;fs; Iaq;fisr; nrhy;YNthk;. 

15. mtu; mtw;Wf;F tpilaspg;ghu;. 

(D) 

16. Fkhu;! eP jkpo;g;ghlk; gbj;Jtpl;lhah? 

17. Mkhk;! ehd; jkpo;g;ghlk; gbj;Jtpl;Nld;. 

18. mg;gbahdhy; ehk; tFg;Gf;Fg; Nghfyhk;? 

19. ehk; tFg;Gf;Fg; Nghfyuhk;. 

20. eP fhiy czT rhg;gpl;Ltpl;lhah?

(E) 

21. ehd; ,d;W fhiy czT rhg;gpltpy;iy. 

22. vdf;F ,d;W grpf;ftpy;iy. 

23. ehd; gpwF rhg;gpl;Lf; nfhs;fpNwd;. 

24. eP rhg;gpl;Ltpl;lhah? 

25. eP vd;d rhg;gpl;lha;? 

(F) 

26. ePq;fs; Gj;jfq;fs; nfhz;L te;jpUf;fpwPu;fsh? 

27. ehq;fs; Gj;jfq;fs; nfhz;L te;jpUf;fpNwhk;. 

28. mg;gbahdhy;> kpfTk; ey;yJ. 

29. ahuhtJ nfhz;Ltuhtpl;lhy;> vd;dplk; NfSq;fs;. 

30. ePq;fs; ,g;NghJ ehd; nrhy;tijf; NfSq;fs;. 

(G) 

31. rq;f ,yf;fpak; gbf;f> ed;whf ,Uf;fpwJ. 

32. mjd; ghly;fs; fbdkhf ,y;iy. 

33. gy ghly;fs; jkpou;fspd; tho;f;ifiaf; $wpAs;sd. 

34. rpy ghly;fs; jkpou;fspd; Nghu;fisf; $Wfpd;wd. 

35. ePq;fs; mtw;iwj; njupe;J nfhz;Bu;fsh? 

(H) 

36. ehq;fs; ,g;NghJ njupe;J nfhz;Nlhk;. 

37. ePq;fs; ,d;Dk; gbj;jhy;> ed;whfj; njupe;J nfhs;tPu;fs;. 

38. ehq;fs; ,dpNky; njspthfg; gbg;Nghk;. 

39. ,g;NghJ ePq;fs; tPl;Lf;Fg; Nghfyhk;. 

40. ehisf;Ff; fz;bg;ghf tuNtz;Lk;. 

III. Write the following words/phrases in proper English Sentence: - 

(10 X 1 = 10) 

1. Daily, 2. When you come, 3. can I say? 4. without, 5. has come, 

6. near, 7. another, 8. in front of, 9. ma y we go? 10. doubts. 

IV. Narrate the Fox and the grapes garden story (or) any other folktale 

you know in Ten English Sentences. 

(10 X 1 = 10) 

V. Write Ten sentences in English about your Tamil lesson (or) about 

your daily coiming to the University. 

(10 X 1 = 10)

M.Phil. 

HARD CORE 

SYLLABUS

M.Phil. (General) 


Code 

M.Phil. (Tamil) Hard Core Courses 


1 st Year 1 st Semester TAML 701 Research Methodology 3 

TAML 702 

Commentaries & Discourse 

Methodology 

TAML 705 History of Tamil Research 3 

TAML 709 Research Approaches 3 

2 nd Semester TAML 704 Dissertation 15 

M.Phil. (Modern Literature) 


Code 

TAML 706 Viva Voce 3 



TAML 705 History of Tamil Research 3 

TAML 710 Diaspora Literature in Tamil 3 

TAML 711 History of Tamil Little Magazine 3 


M.Phil. (Religious Literature) 


Code 




TAML 721 Saiva Literature & Religious Concept 3 

TAML 722 

TAML 723 

Vaishnava Literature & Religious 

Concept 

Jainisht, Buddhisht Literatures & their 

Religious Concepts 



3 

3 

3

ghlk;: Muha;r;rp newpKiwfs; 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


myF - 1: 

myF:2 

myF:3 

gFjp: 1 mwpKfr; nra;jpfs; 

Ma;t[ brhw;bghUs; tpsf;fk;:- Ma;t[ vd;Dk; brhy;ypd; tuyhW - vJ Ma;t[ - Ma;tpd; Bjit - 

Ma;tpd; gad; - vJ nyf;fpa Ma;t[ - nyf;fpa Ma;tpd; gad; - nd;dgpw Kd;Diur; bra;jpfs; 

Ma;bghUs;:- gue;Jgl;l Ma;t[f;fsk; (Broad Field) - jiyg;igj; Bjh;jy; (Choice of a Topic) - 

rpf;fypd; Bjhw;Wtha; (Sources of Problems) - rpf;fiy Kiwg;gLj;jp tpsf;Fjy; - nd;d gpw. 

jkpHpy; nlk;bgw;Ws;s Muha;r;rp bewpKiwj; bjhFg;g[fs;:- bjhy;fhg;gpah; - gtze;jp Kdpth; - 

ts;Sth; Bghd;Bwhhpd; Muha;r;rp bewpKiwf; fz;Bzhl;lA;fs; - nyf;fpak; kw;Wk; nyf;fd 

ciuahrphpah;fspd; - Muha;r;rp bewpKiwg; Bghf;Ffs; - nd;d gpw. 

myF:4 Ma;t[yf ehfhpfk;:- Ma;thsdpd; rhd;W ehl;lk; - mq;rhik - bjspt[ - mwpt[ Btl;if - 

jsh;twpahik - nd;dgpw. Ma;t[ bkhHp eil: - gj;jpaikg;g[ - jw;rhh;g[g; Bghf;ifj; jtph;j;jy; - 

eilg;ghA;F - bjhluikg;g[ - gpiHapd;ik - vspik - bjspt[ - bghUshHk; - brhy;yhl;rp - 

nd;dgpw. 

gFjp: 2 Ma;T tiutpay; 

myF:5 Ma;itj; jpl;lkpl;Lj; bjhlA;Fjy;:- Ma;t[ Bkw;ghh;itahsh; - jiyg;ig cWjpbra;J bfhs;sy; - 

Kd;tuyhw;iw Kiwg;go mwpjy; - Ma;t[ cs;Siwfis tiuaiwg;gLj;jpf; bfhs;Sjy; - 

fUJBfhSld; bjhlA;Fjy; -rhd;W K}yj; bjhFg;g[ - nd;dgpw. 

myF:6 rhd;W K}yk;:- jut[j; bjhFg;g[ Kaw;rpfs; - Kjd;ik MjhuA;fs; - Jizik MjhuA;fs; - rhh;g[ 

MjhuA;fs; (Ma;t[f;F Beuoj; bjhlh;g[ mw;wit) - Ma;t[f; fsA;fs; - fsj; jut[fs; - K}yj; 

jut[fs; Bghd;wtw;iwg; gjpt[ bra;a[k; Kiwfs; (Jiz E]yl;il mikg;g[) - mof;Fwpg;g[fs; 

Brfhpf;Fk; Kiw - mof;Fwpg;g[ mikg;g[ Kiw - nd;d gpw - gilg;ghsh;fs; - rpe;jidahsh;fs; - 

Mtzf;fhg;gfA;fs; - E]yfA;fs; - nd;d gpw - rpw;W]h; - fpuhkA;fs; - efuA;fs; - 

Ma;t[f;fsA;fspy; jut[ Brfhpf;Fk; Kiwfs; - nd;d gpw. 

myF:7 

myF:8 

Ma;twpf;if vGJk; Kiw:- Ma;twpf;ifapd; totA;fs; - Ma;t[g;bghUs; mog;gilapy; 

Ma;twpf;ifia mikj;jy; - Ma;t[g; bghUisf; fhy mog;gilapy; mikj;jy; - gy;tiff; fhy 

epiyapy; Ma;twpf;iiia mikj;jy; - ntw;wpd; td;ik bkd;ikfs; - Ma;t[j;jiyg;g[g; gw;wpa 

tpsf;fk; - Ma;t[ bewp tpsf;fk; - rhd;whjhuA;fs; my;yJ bka;k;ikfs; - Fwpg;g[fisf; TWk; Kiw 

- Fwpg;g[fspd; mog;gilapy; Ma;it tphpj;J vGJjy; - fz;Lgpog;g[fs; - Kot[fs; - K}d;W gofs; 

vGJjy;- xt;bthU goapYk; ftdpf;fj;jf;fit - mof;Fwpg;g[fis mikf;Fk; Kiw - Ma;tlA;fis 

mikf;Fk; Kiw - Ma;tlA;fspd; tiffs; - ml;ltizfs; - tpsf;fg;glA;fs; - tiufl;lg;glA;fs; 

- gpw;Brh;f;iffs; Bghd;wtw;iwg; gad;bfhs;Sjy; - nd;dgpw. 

Ma;Btl;od; totikg;g[:- Ma;Btl;od; ghfA;fs; - Ma;Btl;od; totk; - cl;gFg;g[fspd; 

itg;g[Kiw - ml;ltiz - tiuglA;fspd; mikg;g[ Kiw - Ma;Btl;od; Kd;Diug;gFjp - 

Ma;Btl;od; clw;gFjp - Ma;Btl;od; Kot[iug;gFjp - gpw;Brh;f;ifapy; ml;ltizfs; - 

tpsf;fg;glA;fs; - fiyr; brhw;fspd; mfu epfuy; - nd;d gpw.

myF:9 

Ma;BtL xg;gilg;g[: Ma;BtL kjpg;gPL - tha;bkhHpj; Bjh;t[ - tha;bkhHpj;Bjh;tpy; Bjh;thsh; kw;Wk; 

Ma;thsupd; epiyg;ghLfs; - nd;d gpw. 

ghl E}y;fs;: 

1. jkpHz;zy; nuhk bghpafUg;gd; & nyf;Fkzd; vk;. v!;. Ma;tpay; mwpKfk;, kPdhl;rp g[j;jf 

epiyak;, kJiu. 7k; gjpg;g[ 2002. 

2. bghw;Bfh, Muha;r;rp bewpKiwfs;, Ie;jpizg;gjpg;gfk;, brd;id. K}d;whk; gjpg;g[ 

2001. 

ghpe;Jiu E}y;fs;: 

1. Y]h;J. Bj. ehl;lhh; tHf;fhw;wpay;, fs Ma;t[, ghhpBts; gjpg;gfk;, ghisaA;Bfhl;il, 1986 

2. Rg;gpukzpad;, r.Bt. (gjp), Muha;r;rp bewpKiwfs; cyfj; jkpHuha;r;rp epWtdk;, 

brd;id.1975 

******

jhs; : Muha;r;rp newpKiwfs; 




1. Ma;tpd; NjitfisAk; ,yf;fpa Ma;tpd; gad;fisAk; tpsf;fp vOJf. 

2. Ma;Tr; rpf;fy;fisf; fz;lwpe;J vt;thW tifg;gLj;jp Muhayhk;?. 

3. ts;Sthpd; Muha;r;rp newpKiwf; fz;Nzhl;lq;fisj; jpwdha;T nra;f. 

4. Ma;thshpd; gz;G eyd;fis Muha;f. 

5. Xh; Ma;it vt;thW epuy; Kiwapy; njhlh;tJ vd;gij tpsf;Ff. 

6. rhd;whjhuq;fspd; tifg;ghLfisAk; Ma;tpy; mtw;wpd; gq;fspg;gpidAk; tpsf;Ff 

7. Xh; Ma;Ntl;by; mbf;Fwpg;G> JizE}w;gl;bay;> gpd;dpizg;G ,tw;wpd; rpwg;Gfis 

Muha;f.. 

8. Ma;tpy; tha;nkhopj; Njh;tpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij tpsf;Ff. 

9. fs Ma;tpd; gad;ghl;bidAk; fs Ma;Tg; gjpTfs; gw;wpAk; tpsf;Ff. 

*****

jhs;: ciuahrpupah;fSk; Gyg;ghl;L newpfSk; 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


Nehf;fq;fs;: 

1. jkpHh; Ma;t[g; Bghf;Ffis ciuahrphpah; tHp epd;W tpsf;Fjy;. 

2. ciufs; K}yk; bra;jpfisg; g[yg;gLj;Jtjpy; ciuahrphpah;fs; bgw;Ws;s 

jdpj; jd;ikfis vLj;Jf;fhl;Ljy;. 

myF - 1: 

myF - 2: 

myF - 3: 

myF - 4: 

myF - 5: 

myF - 6: 

myF - 7: 

myF - 8: 

Gyg;ghl;Lnewp:- nr;brhy; gw;wpa tpsf;fk; - jkp H;r; R{Hypy; bgw ;Ws;s epiyfs; - 

Bkiy ehl;lhh; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s tpsf;fA;fs; - ciuahrphpah;fsp d; gpd;dzpapypUe;J 

tpsf;Fjy;. 

ciuahrphpah;fisg; nghJthf mwpKfk; nra;j y;:- bjhy;fhg;gpa 

ciua hrphpah;fs; - niwadhh; fstpa Yiufhuh; - ghpBkyHfh; - moahh;f;F 

ey;yhh; - rptqhdKdp th; - kapiye hjh; - kzpg;gpuths ciufs; (itzt, irt 

ciufs; ) 

itg;G Kiw $Wk; Kiwfs;:- E]w;gh mjpfhuk; - fhij – ghly; - ghy; 

nsk;g{uzh; - er;rpdhh;f ;fpdpa h; - bja;tr;rpiya hh; - ghpBkyHfh; - 

moahh;f;Fey;yhh; - rp tqhd Kdp th;. 

Nkw;Nfhs; fhl;Lk; newpKiwfs;:- nsk;g{uzh; - Bguhrp hpah; er;rpdhh;f;fpdpa h; - 

niwadhh; fstpaYiufhuh; - kapiye hjh;, nyf;fpa ciua hrphpa h;fs; . 

fUj;J tpthj Kiwfs; jd;fUj;Jf; $Wjy;:- gpwh;fUj;ij Vw;wy;, kWj;jy; - 

ghl BtWghL TWjy; - ctikTWjy; - niwadhh; fstpaYiufhuh; - 

Brdhtiua h; er;rpdhh;f;fpdpah; - Bguhrphpah; ek;gps;is – rptqhdKdp th;. 

xg;gpl;L tpsf;Fk; Kiwfs;:- ghpBkyHfh; - er;rpdhh;f;fpdpa h; (gj;Jg;gh l;L) – 

moahh;f;F ey;yhh;, itzt ciufs;, irt ciufs; . 

eak;ghuhl;b tpsf;Fk; Kiwfs;:- nsk;g{uzh; - Brdhtiuah; - 

er;rpdhh;f;fp dpah; (gj;Jg;ghl;L) – ghpBkyHfh; - moahh;f;F ey;yhh;, itzt 

ciufs;, irt ciufs;. 

nrhw;nghUs; tpsf;fk; jUk; Kiwfs;: - niwadhh; fstp aYiufhuh; - 

nsk;g{uzh; - er;rp dhh;f;fp dpah; - Bguhrp hpah; - Brdhtiua h; - ghpBkyHfh; - 

moahh;f;F ey;yhh; - kapiy e hjh;, itzt ciufs;, irt ciufs;.

myF - 9: 

rKjha epiyfis tpsf;Fk; Kiwfs;: - ehfhpfk; - gz;ghL – nsk;g{uzh; - 

er;rpdhh;f;fp dpah; - Brdhtiuah; - bja;tr;rpiyahh; - Bguhrp hpah; - moahh;f;F 

ey;yhh; - ghpBkyHfh; - rptqhdKdpth; - kapiy ehjh;, itzt ciufs;, irt 

ciufs;. 

myF - 10: 

xt;Nthh; ciuahrphpah;fspd; jdpj;jd;ikfs;: - epiwfs; - Fiwfs;, 

tpthjA;fs;, g[jpa bra;jpfisj; jUjy; - nd;d gpw. 

ghpe;Jiu E}y;fs; 

1. bjhy;fhg;gpa ciufs ; (nsk;g{uzk;, er;rp dhh;f;fp dpak;, Bguhrphpah; 

bja;tr;rpiyahhpak;, Brdhtiua k;). 

2. niwadhh; fstpaYiu, fHfk;. 

3. gj;Jg;ghl;L ciu , (er;rpdhh;f;fp dpah;). 

4. jpUf;Fws; ciu , (ghpBkyHfh;). 

5. rpyg;gjpfhu ciu , (moahh;f;F ey;yhh;). 

6. e d;D]y; ciu, (kapiy ehjh;, rptqhd Kdpth;). 

7. tpahf;fpahdk; Kg;gj;jhw hapug;go , brd;idg; gy;fiyf;fHfk;, brd;id. 

8. K.it. mutpe;jd;, ciuahrphpah;fs;, kzpthrfh; gjp g;gfk;, rpjk;guk;. 

9. jkp Hz;zy;, ciutp sf;F , kPdhl;rp g[j;jf epiyak;, kJi u, 1985. 

Fwpg;g[: tpdhf;fs; bghJthd; KiwapByBa mikjy; Btz;Lk;. 

E]ypy; Fwpg;gp l;l gFjp ia mog;gila hf;f bfhz;L 

tpdhf;fs; mikjy; TlhJ. 

*****

jhs; : ciuahrphpah;fSk; Gyg;ghl;L newpAk; 




1. Gyg;ghl;Lnewp vd;why; vd;d? ,jid ekJ Ma;Tj; jiyg;ignahl;b tpthjpf;f. 

2. Nrdhtiuah; ciufspy; ntspg;gLk; tpthj newpfis tpsf;Ff. 

3. ciuahrphpah;fspd; nrhw;nghUs; tpsf;f newpfisj;jUf. 

4. ,ay;itg;G Kiwfs; Fwpj;J ciuahrphpah;fs; tpthjq;fisj; jUf. 

5. jpUf;Fws; ciufspy; ntspg;gLk; xg;gha;Tg; Nghf;Ffs; Fwpj;J vOJf. 

6. itzt ciufshy; mwpayhFk; jkpoh; gz;ghl;L newpfs; Fwpj;J tpsf;Ff. 

7. jUf;f newp tpthjq;fs; ciufspy; vq;fdk; ntspg;gLfpd;wd vd;gij tpthpf;f. 

8. ciuahrphpah;fsplk; fhzg;gLk; E}w;ghg; ghl Ngjq;fs; Fwpj;J vOJf. 

9. gj;Jg;ghl;L ciufspy; ntspg;gLk; er;rpdhh;f;fpdpahpd; tpthjg; Nghf;Ffisj; jUf. 

*****

jhs;: jkpo; Muha;r;rp tuyhW 

HISTORY OF RESEARCH ON TAMILOLGY 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


Nef;fk;: 

1. Muha;r;rp tuyhw;Wf;fhd tiuaiwia Bkw;bfhs;tJ. 

2. jkpH; Muha;r;rp vA;Adk; Bjhd;wp vg;go tsh;e;jJ vd;gijf; fhz;gJ. 

myF - 1: 

Ma;t[ tuhyw;Wf;fhd tiuaiw – nyf;fpa tifapd; mog;gilapy; fhZjy; - gilg;ghsh;, 

jpwdha;thsh; Behf;fpy; fhZjy; - Fwpg;gpl;l mZFKiw rhh;gpy; fhZjy; - epWtdq; rhh;e;j 

Ma;t[fisj; bjhFj;jy;. 

myF:2 kjpg;g[iu – tpkhprdk; - jpwdha;t[ - Muha;r;rp nyw;Wf;Fhpa tpsf;fA;fs; - jkpHpay; Ma;t[ 

tuyhw;Wj; bjhFg;g[iufs; - Ma;t[ tuyhW E]y;fs; - jpwdha;t[g; Bfhl;ghl;L E]y;fs;. 

myF:3 bjhd;ik Ma;t[ bewpfs; - bjhFg;g[ Kaw;rp – nyf;fz Kaw;rp ciuahrphpah;jk; Ma;t[f; Fwpg;g[fs; - 

gjpg;g[ Kaw;rpfs;. 

myF:4 MA;fpByah; tUiff;Fg;gpd; Ma;t[Kaw;rpfs; - xg;gpyf;fz Ma;t[fs; - gz;ghl;L, rK}f, 

ehl;Lg;g[wtpay; Ma;t[fs; - E]yilt[ Kaw;rpfs; - brhy;yilt[ - mfuhjp jahhpg;g[. 

myF:5 jkpH; nyf;fpa tuyhw vGJk; Kaw;rp – murpay; rhh;e;j tuyhW – rkaq; rhh;e;j tuyhW – tifik 

– rhh;e;j tuyhW. 

myF:6 gz;ila nyf;fpa Ma;t[fs; - rA;f nyf;fpak; - fhg;gpak; - rpw;wpyf;fpak; - gf;jp nyf;fpak; 

Ma;t[fs;. 

myF:7 ehty; Ma;t[ tuyhW – 1970f;F Kd; 1970f;Fg; gpd;Ds;s Ma;t[fs; - rpWfij Ma;t[ tuyhW – 

g[Jf;ftpij Ma;t[ tuyhW. 

myF:8 gy;fiyf;fHf Ma;t[ Kaw;rpfs; - jdpahh; mikg;g[fspd; Ma;t[ Kaw;rpfs; - rpWgj;jpupf;iffspd; 

gA;fspg;g[ - btspehLfspy; jkpH; Ma;t[ Kaw;rp. 

myF - 9: 

jkp Hpy; gpwJiwf; Bfhl;ghLfs; - r%}ftpay; - cstpay; - khh;f;rp ak; - khdp ltpay; 

- mikg;gpay; Ma;t[fs; - xg;gpyf;fpa Ma;t[fs;. 

myF - 10: 

nd;iwa Ma;t[g; Bghf;Ffs; - bgz;zpak; - jypj;jpa k; - nd;iwa Ma;t[fspy; 

Kiwfs; - FGkdg;ghd;ik – naf;fr;rhh;g[.


1. V.tp.Rg;gp ukzpa ma;a h;, jkp H; Muha;r;rpap d; tsh;r;rp , mKj epiya k; 

brd;id, 1958. 

2. jkp Hz;zy;, jkpHpay; Ma;t[, kJiu fhkuhrh; gy;fiyf;fHfk;, kJiu, 1983. 

3. gq;rhA;fk;, jkpH; nyf;fpaj;jpwdha;t[ tuyhW , bry;td; gjp g;gfk;, g[Jit, 

1990. 

4. k.kjpa Hfk;, jkp Hpay; Ma;t[ tuyhW, g;hPj; btspaPl;lfk;, g[Jit, 1996. 

5. ehty; nyf;fpa Ma;t[ tsh;r;rp , nuhzpBkhpf; fy;Y]hpj; jkp H;j;Jiw btspaPL, 

brd;id, 1989. 

6. gh.tPug;gd; kw;Wk; Bfh.fpU&;zK}h;j;jp , jkpH; Muha ;r;rpa pd; tuyhW, 

md;g[ E]yfk;, brd;id, 1977. 

7. jkp H; Muha;r;rp tuyhW, gr;irag;gd; fy;Y]up, jkpH;j;Jiw btspaPL, 1999 

8. k.kjpa Hfd;, tpLjiyf;Fg;gpd; jkp H; M uha ;r;rpapd; tsu;r;rp , kzp thrfu; 

gjpg;gfk;, brd;id, 1 999 

*****

jhs; : jkpo; Muha;r;rp tuyhW 




1. epWtdq;fs; Ma;T vd;why; vd;d? tifg;gLj;jp tpsf;fk; jUf. 

2. „ciuahrphpah;fisj; jpwdha;T Kaw;rpapd; Kd;Ndhbfs;‟ - jpwdha;f. 

3. jkpopyf;fpaj;Js; rkaQ;rhh;e;j tuyhW> ePz;l neLq;fhyk; njhlh;G nfhz;L 

,Ue;jikia tpsf;fpLf. 

4. xg;gpyf;fzk; my;yJ ehl;Lg;Gw Ma;T Kd;Ndhbfis Ma;f. 

5. rq;f ,yf;fpak; my;yJ GJf;ftpij gw;wpa Muha;r;rpfisj; njhFj;njOJ. 

6. „INuhg;gpah;fspd; tUiff;Fg; gpd;dNu jkpoha;Tf;fsq;fs; juk; cau;e;jd‟ - 

tpkh;rpf;f. 

7. jdpahh; mikg;G my;yJ ntspehl;Lj; jkpoha;tpd; Nghf;Ffs; Fwpj;J Muha;f. 

8. kjpg;Giu> jpwdha;Tiu> tpkh;rdk; vd;gtw;Wf;Fhpa tpsf;fq;fisj; jUf. 

9. ntspehLfspy; jkpoha;T ,Uf;iffSk; mq;F Nkw;nfhs;Sk; Ma;T Kaw;rpfSk; 

gw;wp tpthp. 

*****

ghlk;: Muha;r;rp mZFKiwfs; (Research Approaches) 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


myF - 1: Ma;T 

Ma;t[ vd;why; vd;d – brhy; bghUs; tp sf;fk; - Ma;t[ tiffs; - mog;gil 

Ma;t[ - gad;ghl;L Ma;t[ - Ma;t[ kjpg;gPLfs; Ma;tpw;fhd mog;gilf; TWfs; 

- mwpt[ epiy – jpw DW epiy – g[Jikfhz; epiy – Ma;thsupd; mog;gilg; 

gz;g[fs;. 

myF - 2: jpwdha;T mZFKiwfs;: 

jpwdha;t[ brhy;bghUs; tp sf;fk; - gz;ila j; jpw dha ;t[ Kiw – jpwdha;t[ 

tiffs;: kdg;gjp t[ Kiwfs; - nuridapay; - mHfpay; - tUzidapay; - eyk; 

ghuhl;Ljy; Kjypad. 

myF - 3: mofpay; mZFKiwfs;: 

mHfpay; gw;wp Bkdhl;lhu; fUj;Jf;fs; - gUg;bghUs; Ez;bghUs; - naw;if mHF 

– braw;if mHF – mHfpay; mZFKiwapd; ga d;fs; - jkpHpy; nuridf; 

Bfhl;ghL – o.Bf.rp .ap d; nyf;fpa nuridg; Bghf;Ffs;. 

myF - 4: r%ftpay; mZFKiw: 

rKfk; brhy; bghUs; tpsf;fk; rKjha nUg;g[k; rKjha czu;t[fSk; - 

nyf;fpa j;jpw;Fk; rKjhaj;jpw;Fk; cs;s cwt[fs; - rK}ftpay; mwpqu; blapd; 

(Tain e) Bghd;w Bkiyehl;L mwp qu;fsp d; rKjha nyf;fpar; rpe;jidfs; - rK}f 

kjp g;gPLfs; - nyf;fpa kug[ - ny;f;fpaj;jpy; rK}fj; jhf;fA;fs;. 

myF - 5: khu;f;rpa mZFKiw: 

khu;f;rpa bfhs;iffs; - rKjha j;jpd; mog;gil mikg;g[k; Bkw;fl;likg;g[k; - 

khu;f;rpa ghu;itapy; fiyg;gilg;g[fs; - nyf;fpa k; Xu; cw;gj;jpg; bghUs; - 

rK}fj; BjitfSk; nyf;fpag; gilg;g[ khw;w A;fSk; totKk; cs;slf;fKk; - 

mtw;wp d; Brhrypr bka;ikapay; - gpujpgypg;g[f; bfhs;iffs; - khu;f;rpa 

mZFKiwapy; fhZk; mog;gilf; fUj;Jf;fs; - epyg;gpug[j;Jtr; rK}fj;jpy; 

epfGk; nyf;fpa gilg;gpw;Fk; Kjyhsp j;jtr; rK}fj;jp y; epfGk; nyf;fp a g; 

gilg;gpw;Fk; cs;s BtWghLfs;. 

myF - 6: nkhopapay; mZFKiw: 

bkhHp gw;wpa mwpthu;e;j tp sf;fk; - bkhHp xU fUj;Jg; gup khw;wf; fUtp – 

bkhHpapd; jd;ikfs; - fl;likg;gpy; fhZk; nUik epiy – gilg;ghw;wy; - 

khWk;gz;g[ - rK}fg;gz;ghl;L kjpg;gPLfs; - nyf;fpag; gilg ;gpy; bkhHpap d; 

gA;fspg;g[ - tot tpsf;fA;fs; - ftpij kug[f; ftpij – g[Jf;ftpij – g[Jf;ftpij 

ciueil – ca u; tHf;F – Bgr;RtHf;F – bghJthd vGj;J e il – bghJthd 

Bgr;R eil – tl;lhu tHf;F – nyf;fpag; gilg;g[fs; totA;fisg; ga d;gLj;Jk; 

ghA;F – bkhHpeil. 

myF - 7: cstpay; mZFKiw: 

cstpay; - elj;ijf; bfhs;iffs; - csg;ghFghL |gp uha;od; Bfhl;ghLfs; - 

cs;sj;jpy; cz;lhFk; rpf;fy;fs; - jd;Dzu;tp d; K}d;Wepiyfs; - rK}f 

kug[Kiwfs; - gilg;ghsdpd; kd cWj;jy;fs; - fw;gid edthjy; - e dBthil 

nog!; kdczu;t[ - nyf;fpa j; jpw dha ;tpy; cstpay; gA;fsp g;g[k; mjdhy; vGk; 

ed;ik jPikfs; - gf;jp nyf;fpa j;jpy; cstpa y; Be hf;F – e hafd; e hafp ghtid .

myF - 7: cstpay; mZFKiw: 

cstpay; - elj;ijf; bfhs;iffs; - csg;ghFghL |gp uha;od; Bfhl;ghLfs; - 

cs;sj;jpy; cz;lhFk; rpf;fy;fs; - jd;Dzu;tp d; K}d;Wepiyfs; - rK}f 

kug[Kiwfs; - gilg;ghsdpd; kd cWj;jy;fs; - fw;gid edthjy; - e dBthil 

nog!; kdczu;t[ - nyf;fpa j; jpw dha ;tpy; cstpay; gA;fsp g;g[k; mjdhy; vGk; 

ed;ik jPikfs; - gf;jp nyf;fpa j;jpy; cstpa y; Be hf;F – e hafd; e hafp ghtid . 

myF - 8: njhd;ikapay;: 

bjhd;ikg;bghUs; tp sf;fk; - bjhd;ikg; gUtA;fs; - FwpaPLfs; - rlA;Ffs; - 

ek;gpf;iffs; Kjypad – bjhd;kf; fijfs; - nuhkhazk;, kfhghujk; Kjypa d – 

nyf;fpag; gilg;gp y; bjhd;kf; TWfs; gue;jpUj;jy; e hu;j;uhg;|gpiu TWk; 

bjhd;kA;fspy; ehd;F epiyfs; - bjhy;fhg;gpaj;jpy; tp sf; fg;bgWk; epiyfSk; 

mtw;wpw;fhd fU cup g; bghUs;fSk; - fw;gida[k; bjhy;YUt[k; - bjhy;gokA;fs; 

gilg;g[fspy; btspg;gLk; ghA;F . 

ghl E}y;fs;: 

1. MBuhf;fpaehjd;, v!;. bkhHpapay; nul;il tHf;F 

kzpthrfd; gjpg;gfk;, rpjk;guk;. 1986. 

2. ifyhrgjp , f. nyf;fp aKk; j pw dha ;t[k; 

gilg;ghspfs; btspaPL, brd;id, 1976. 

3. jkp Hz;zy;, Ma;tpay; mwpKfk; 

kPdhl;rp g[j;jf epiyak;, kJiu, 1998. 

4. gftjp, F. jpw dha ;t[ mZFKiwfs; 

cyfj; jkp Hhuha;r;rp epWtdk;, brd;id, 1 989 

5. eluhrd;, jp.R. jpwdha;t[f;fiy 

epa{ brq;Rup g[f; #t[!;, brd;id, 1996 

6. kjpa Hfd;, k. etPd nyf;fpar; rpe;jidfs; 

g;uPj; btspaPl;lfk;, g[Jr;Brup , 1993 

7. jpUehfypA;fk;, M. g[Jit e hl;Lg;g[wf;fijfs; 

bry;tp gjp g;gfk;, g[Jr;Brup , 1994 

8. gq;rhA;fk;, R. jkpH; nyf;fpa j; jpw dha;t[ tuyhW 

bry;td; gjpg;gf k;, g[Jit, 1990 

9. MBuhf;fpaehjd;, v!;. bkhHpapay; Be hf;fpy; bjhy;fhg;gpak; 

Xupaz;l; yhA;kd; yp kpbll;, brd;id, 2001 . 

10. eyA;fp s;sp , muA;f. nyf;fpaKk; csg;gFg;gha;t[k; 

thzp jhrd; gjpg;gfk;, g[Jr;Brhp , 1992 . 

*****

jhs; : Muha;r;rp mZFKiwfs; 




1. Ma;T tiffis tpsf;Ff. 

2. mofpay; gw;wpa Nkdhl;lhh; fUj;Jf;fis Muha;f. 

3. gz;ila jpwdha;T Kiwia ,d;iwaj; jpwdha;T KiwfSld; xg;gPL nra;f. 

4. r%f ,yf;fpar; rpe;jidfs; top ngwg;gLk; r%f kjpg;gPLfisg;gw;wp jpwdha;T 

nra;f. 

5. khh;f;rpa mZFKiwapy; fhzg;gLk; mbg;gilf; fUj;Jf;fis tpsf;Ff. 

6. nkhop tbtq;fs; ,yf;fpag; gilg;Gfspy; vt;thW gad;gLj;jg; gLfpd;wd vd;gij 

tpthpf;fTk;. 

7. ,yf;fpaj; jpwdha;tpy; cstpay; gq;F gw;wp Muha;f. 

8. njhy; gbkq;fs; ,yf;fpag; gilg;Gfspy; ntspg;gLk; ghq;F gw;wp tpthpf;f. 

9. jypj; ngz;zpak;> ngz;zpak; gw;wpa fUj;jhf;fq;fis Muha;f. 

*****

ghlk;: jkpopy; Gyg;ngau;T ,yf;fpa tuyhW 

(The History of Diaspora in Tamil) 

(Kjd;ikg; ghlk;) 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


Nehf;fq;fs; :- 

1. Gyg;ngah;T ,yf;fpaj; Njhw;wg; gpd;dzpfisr; Rl;Ljy; 

2. jhaf ,yf;fpaq;fSf;Fk; Gyg;ngah;T ,yf;fpaq;fSf;FKs;s njhlh;G> 

njhlh;gpd;ikiar; Rl;Ljy;. 

3. Fwpg;gpl;l gilg;ghsh;fspd; gilg;Gfspd; gy;tifg; ghpkhzq;fis tpsf;Fjy;. 

myF 1 

myF 2 

myF 3 

myF 4 

myF 5 

myF 6 

Gyg;ngah;tpw;fhd tiuaiw - Gfyplk;> Gyk;ngah;e;Njhh;> Mwhe;jpiz> ehNlhb> 

,lg;ngah;T> FbNaw;wk; - Mwhe;jpiz ,yf;fpak>; - miyTW> coy;TW 

,yf;fpaq;fs; Nghd;w ngauhf;fq;fs; - Gyg;ngah;tpd; tuyhW - A+jh;fspd; 

Gyg;ngah;Tk; ,yf;fpa Kaw;rpfSk; - gpw mayfg; Gyg;ngah;T tuyhW. 

jkpofg; Gyg;ngah;T tuyhW - ehNlhb tho;f;ifapy; vOe;j gilg;Gfs;- ghprpy; 

tho;f;ifAk; Mw;Wg; gilAk; - mf ,yf;fpaq;fspy; gphpTk; gphpT top Vw;gl;l ,yf;fpa 

Kaw;rpfSk; - J}J ,yf;fpa Kaw;rp - gf;jpf; fhyj;jpy; jyq;fs; NjhWk; nrd;W 

ghbaik - gaz ,yf;fpaq;fs;. 

,e;jpag; gFjpfSf;Fs; gpwkhepyq;fspy; jkpoh;fs; FbNaw;wk; - gilg;ghsh;fspd; 

ngah;Tk;> mjd;top Vw;gl;l gilg;GfSk; - etPd ,yf;fpaq;fshd ehty;> 

rpWfijfspy; mjw;fhd gjpTfs;. 

Mq;fpNyahpd; fhydpj;Jtf; fhyfl;lq;fspy; Vw;gl;l FbNaw;wq;fs; - FbNaw;wj;jpd; 

gpd;dzpfs; - kNyrpah> rpq;fg;G+h;> ,yq;if> gh;kh> nkhhPrpa]; Nghd;w ehLfspy; jkpoh; 

FbNawpaikAk>; me;ehLfspy; jkpo; ,yf;fpak; Kfpo;j;jikAk; - mt;tpyf;fpaq;fspd; 

gy;tifg; ghpkhzq;fs;. 

1983f;F Kd; Vw;gl;l Gyg;ngah;Tk; mtw;wpd; gpd;dzpfSk; - 1983,y; ,yq;ifapy; 

Vw;gl;l ,df; fytuKk; mjdhy; ,yq;ifj; jkpoh;fs; cyfpd; gy ehLfspy; 

gutpaikAk;> mth;fshy; cUthf;fg;gl;l ,yf;fpa Kaw;rpfSk;. 

Gyg;ngah;T ehty;fs; - kNyrpa> rpq;fg;G+h; Gyg;ngah;it czh;j;Jtd - ,yq;ifg; 

Gyg;ngah;it czh;j;Jtd (kiyaf ehty;fs;) -

myF 8 

myF 9 

Gyg;ngah;Tf; ftpijfs; - jhaf ,af;fq;fs; - Gfyplr; rpf;fy;fs; - Mz;> ngz; 

cwTepiy Fwpj;j czh;Tfs; - nghJthd czh;Tfis ntspg;gLj;Jjy;. 

Gyk;ngah;e;Njhhpd; rpW gj;jphpif Kaw;rpfs; - fhyk;> vf;]py;> caph; epoy;> fhyf;Fwp 

Nghd;w ,jo;fspy; ntspg;gLk; Gyg;ngah;Tr; #oy;fs; - fUj;juq;F elj;Jjy; - 

E}y;fis ntspapLjy; - ehlfq;fis muq;Nfw;Wjy; Nghd;w gpw Kaw;rpfSk; mtw;wpd; 

gpd;dzpfSk;. 

ghh;it E}y;fs; : 

1. fh.rptj;jk;gp.> 

epA+ nrQ;Rhp Gf; `T];> 

nrd;id. 

2. k. kjpaofd;> kNyrpaj; jkpo; ehty;fs; 

Xh; mwpKfk;> 

g;hPj; ntspaPl;lfk;> 

fhiuf;fhy;> 1988. 

3. Nrhkny.> tlkhepyq;fspy; jkpoh;> 

jkpo;g; gy;fiyf;fofk;> 

jQ;rhT+h;> 1988. 

4. v];.ngh.> ,e;jpuhghh;j;jrhujp (njhFg;).> gdpAk; gidAk;> 

kjh; ntspaPL> nrd;id> 1994. 

5. g. jpUehTf;fuR (njhFg;.).> Gyk;ngah;e;Njhh; ftpijfs;> 

epoy;ntspaPL> 

nrd;id> 2001. 

6. n[. rNuh[pdp.> may; khepyq;fspy; thOk; jkpo;g; 

gilg;ghspfspd; Gidfijfs;> ghh;f;fh; 

ntspaPL> nrd;id> 2003. 

7. fpU~;zg;gps;is tprhf&gd;.> Gyk;ngah; ftpij – cUtk;> 

cs;slf;fk;> czj;Jk; Kiw> aho;g;ghzk; 

Njrpa fy;tpapaw; fy;Y}hp> aho;g;ghzk;> 

2004. 

8. v];.ngh.> Gyk;ngah;e;Njhh; ,yf;fpak;> 

kpj;u ntspaPL> nrd;id> 2006. 

9. rpq;fhuNtyd;. gh.> ,lg;ngah;r;rpf; fijfs;> 

fht;ah> nrd;id> 2006. 

10. khh;f;];. m.> nts;isj; jpkph;> tpbay; gjpg;gfk;> Nfhit> 

1997 

11. nj. ntw;wpr; nry;td; jpirnay;yhk; jkpo;f;ftpij 

jkpo;f;$lk;> nrd;id 2006.

fl;Liufs; 

1. k.kjpaofd;.> gpw khepyq;fspy; thOk; 

jkpo; vOj;jhsh;fspd; gilg;Gfs;> 

etPd ,yf;fpar; rpe;jidfs;> 

g;hPj; ntspaPl;lfk;> GJr;Nrhp (gf;.126-136) 

2. ntq;fl; rhkpehjd; jkpOk; Gyg;ngah;Tk;> 

,r;#oypy;> 

kjpepiyak;> nrd;id> 2001> 

(gf;. 274 - 278). 

kyh; 

1. Gyk;ngah;e;j jkpoh; ey khehL epwg;gphpif> GJr;Nrhp> 1994. 

(rpwg;G kyh;) 

,jo;fs; 

fhyk; - fdlh caph;epoy;-gpuhd;]; RtLfs; - ehh;Nt 

vf;]py; - gpuhd;R J}z;by; - n[h;kdp Gyk; - yz;ld; 

ehty;fs; 

1. Nfhtpe;jd;. GjpaNjhh; cyfk;> 1985. 

2. Nahfehjd;. nr.> Jd;gf; Nfzpapy;> 1998. 

3. N~hghrf;jp> nfhhpy;yh> 2001. 

4. N~hghrf;jp> k;> 2004. 

5. Fkhh;> xU kdpjdpd; ehl;Fwpg;G> 

rpWfijfs; 

1. INuhg;gpar; rpWfijfs;> 1987. 

2. gdpAk; gidAk;> 1994. 

3. Njrj;JNuhfp> (N~hghrf;jp)> 

4. Aj;jj;jpd; ,uz;lhk; ghfk; (rf;futh;j;jp)> 2001. 

5. ep~;il (fyhNkhfd;)> 1999. 

6. ghhp]; fijfs; (fp.gp.mutpe;jd;)> 2004. 

7. mnkhpf;fh> (t.e. fphpjud;) ];Nefh> fdlh> 1996. 

ftpijfs; 

1. Gyk;ngah;e;Njhh; ftpijfs; (2001)> 

2. Aj;jj;ijj; jpd;Nghk;> 1999. 

3. filrp nrhl;L crphpy; (v];.erPk;)> 2001. 

4. t..rh. b$aghyd; ftpijfs;, ];Nefh> nrd;id> 2002. 

*****

jhs; : jkpopy; Gyk;ngah;e;Njhh; ,yf;fpak; 




1. Gyk;ngah;tpw;fhd ,bj;jy; -

jhs;: jkpo;r; rpWgj;jpupiffspd; tuyhW 

(HISTORY OF TAMIL LITTLE JOURNALS) 


ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


Nehf;fq;fs;: 

1. jkpHpy; Bjhd;wpa rpWgj;jpupiffspd; Bjhw;wk; kw;Wk; tuyhw;iw vLj;Jiuj;jy;. 

2. rpWgj;jpupiffspd; nyf;fpaf; Bfhl;ghl;ila[k; mtw;wpd; gA;fspg;iga[k; tptupj;jy;. 

3. jkpHpy; etPdj; jpwdha;t[ tsu;r;rpf;Fk; gilg;g[ tsu;r;rpf;Fk; cjtpa rpWgj;jpupiffspd; 

gA;fspg;ig tpsf;Fjy;. 

myF - 1: rpWgj;jpupif (rpw;wpjHfs;) gw;wpa tpsf;fk; - bgUk; gj;jpupiffSf;Fk;, 

rpWgj;jpupiffSf;Fk; cs;s BtWghLfs; - rpWgj;jpupiffsp d; tiffs; - murpay; 

naf;fr; rhu;gp d – nyf;fpa naf;fr; rhu;gp d - fiy, nyf;fpar; rhu;gp d - rK}f 

naf;fr; rhu;gp d. 

myF - 2: murpay; naf;fr; rhu;ghd rpw;wpjH;fs; - jhkiu, brk;kyu;, g[jpa fyhr;rhuk;, kd 

Xir Bghd;wit – bghJt[ilikf; fl;rp rhu;ghd nyf;fpa, rK}fr; rpw;wpjHfs; - 

mtw;wp d; Be hf;fKk; cs;slf;fKk; - gilg;g[fs;, jpw dha;t[fSf;F mtw ;wp d; 

gA;fspg;g[fs;. 

myF - 3: nyf;fpa naf;fr; rhu;ghd rpw;wpjH;fs; - 1930 fspy; cUthd kzpf;bfho Kjyhd 

rpw;wpjH;fs; 1940 fspy; btspg;gl;l fpuhk CHpa d;, BjdP, Rje;jp ur;rA;F 

Bghd;witfsp d; gA;fspg;g[. 

myF - 4: 1950fspy; cUthd „vGj;J‟ njGk;, mjd; gA;fspg;g[ k; - mjd;tHp te ;j eil, 

frljgw , ahj;uh Bghd;witfsp d; gA;fspg;g[fs; - nyf;fpa njHhf nUe;jit 

fiy nyf;fpa njH;fshf khw;w k; bgw ;wik – bkhHpbgaug;;g[ Ka w;rpfs; ru!;tjp, 

rhe;jp Bghd;wtw ;wpd; gA;fspg;g[fs;. 

myF - 5: 1970fspy; btsp te;j thdk;gho naf;fKk; „thdk;gho ‟ njGk; - g[jpa jiyKiw , 

nyf;fpa k btsptl;lk; - gup khzk;, gofs;, gp uf;iq Bghd;w njH;fspd; 

gA;fspg;g[k; mtw;wp d; gp d;dzpfSk; - fizahHp , jPgk; Bghd;wtw;wp d; 

gA;fspg;g[fs;. 

myF - 6: 

1980fspy; btsp te;j rpw;wpjH;fs; fhyr;RtL, epfH;, tpUl;rk;, kPl;rp, fy;Fjpiu, 

giw, BkYk; Bghd;w njH;fSk; mtw ;wpd; nyf;fpa, tp ku;rd Behf;fA;fSk; - 

bkhHpbga u;g;g[ Kaw;rpfs; - „ehlfbtsp ‟- e hlfj;jpw;bfd;W btspte;j rpw;wpjH;. 

myF - 7: fiy nyf;fpa, rK}f naf;fj; jsj;jp y; braw;gl;l rpw;wpjH;fs; - jypj;jpa – 

bgz;zpaf; fUj;JfSf;F Kjd;ik msp j;j rpw;wpjH;fs; - epwg;gpupif, g[jpa 

BfhlhA;fp jypj; KuR, kDrA;f Bghd;wtw;wp d; gA;fspg;g[fs;.

myF - 8: may; ehLfspypUe;J btsp tUfp d;w rpw;wpjHfs; - nyA;ifapypUe ;j ky;ypif, miy 

Bghd;wit – nyA;ifj; jkp Hu; g[yg;bga u;tpw;Fg;gpd; btsptUk; rpw;wpjHfs; - 

capu;bka;, fhyf;Fwp , gd;Kfk;, cap u; ep Hy;; Bghd;wit. 

myF - 9: rpWgj;jpupiffSk; mzprhu;g[g; gp d;g[yA;fSk;, jdpkdp j rhly;fSk; 

rhu;g[j;jd;ikfSk; - RgkA;fsh Bghd;w mzprhuhr; rpw;wpjH;fs;. 

myF - 10: 

rpWgj;jpupif cUthf;f Kd;Bdhofs; - uFehjd;, rp.R. bry;yg;gh, 

ty;ypf;fz;zd;, Re ;ju uhkrhkp, utpf;Fkhu;, Bfhky; Rthkpehjd;, uA;fuh$d;, 

rp.kzp , qhdf;Tj;jd; Bghd;Bwhup d; gA;fsp g;g[fs;. 

ghu;it E}y;fs;: 

1. ty;ypf;fz;zd;, jkp Hpy; rp Wgj;jpupiffs;, Ie;jpizg; gjpg;gfk;, brd;id, 1991. 

2. qhdp , „rpw;wpjH; tsu;j;j jkp H;‟ khu;f;rpa mHfpay;, fht;ah, bgA;fS]u;, 2002 

(gf;. 136-154). 

3. n.Re;juK}u;j;jp, kh.uh.muR, ne;jpa tpLjiyf;F Ke;ija jkp H; njH;fs;, 

(bjhFjpfs;1 ,2,3 ,4 ) cyfj; jkp Huha;r;rp epWtdk;, brd;id, 2004 

4. nyf;fpa njH;fs;, cyfj; jkpHuha ;r;rp ep Wtdk;, brd;id. 

5. m.kh.rhkp , jkp H; njH;fs; - Bjhw;wk; tsh;r;rp, e tkzpg; gjpg;gfk;, brd;id, 

1987 

6. tP.muR, rpWgj;jp hpif murpay;, brd;id 

*****

jhs;: ; 


ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


myF - 1 : irtk;: nghJ mwpKfk; 

myF - 2 : irt rka ,yf;fpaq;fs; 

myF - 3 : irtf;Nfhl;ghLfs; (jj;Jtq;fs;) 

myF - 4 : jpUf;Nfhapy;fSk; jpUklq;fSk; 

myF - 5 : topghl;L newpfSk; jpUtpohf;fSk; 


*****

jhs; : irt ,yf;fpaq;fSk; rka newpKiwfSk; 




1. irt rkaj; Njhw;wKk; tsh;r;rpAk; Fwpj;J tphpthf vOJf. 

2. jpUKiwfSk; gf;jp ,af;fKk; vDe;jiyg;gpy; fl;Liu tiuf. 

3. irt rkag; Guhzq;fs; Fwpj;njOJf. 

4. irt rpj;jhe;jk; Fwpg;gpLk; ehy;tif newpfs; gw;wp tpsf;Ff. 

5. ehafd; ehafp ghtid> mbahh;;fis tzq;Fjy; Fwpj;J tpsf;Ff. 

6. irt rkaj; jpUf;Nfhapy;fspd; mikg;G Fwpj;J tpthpf;f. 

7. rpt %h;j;jq;fspd; mikg;Gk; rpwg;Gk; gw;wp vOJf. 

8. irtj; jpUklq;fspd; rka> rKjhag; gzpfs; Fwpj;J tpsf;Ff. 

9. mf topghL> Gw topghL> rkar; rpd;dq;fs;> ek;gpf;iffs; Fwpj;J tpsf;Ff. 

*****

jhs;: itzt ,yf;fpaq;fSk; 

rka newpKiwfSk; 

ghl vz;:TAML: 722 ghlkjpg;G: 3 kjpg;Gfs; (3 Credits) 

myF : 1 

itztk; - nghJ mwpKfk; 

ngah;f;fhuzk; - itztrkaj;Njhw;wk; - jpUkhNy KOKjw;flTs; - rka 

tsu;r;rpf; $Wfs; - rq;fk>; rq;fk; kUtpa fhy ,yf;fpaq;fspy; - fhg;gpa 

,yf;fpaq;fspy; - gf;jp ,yf;fpaq;fspy;> gpw;fhy ,yf;fpaq;fspy;. 

myF : 2 

itzt rka ,yf;fpaq;fs; 

tlnkhopg;Guhzq;fs; - ehyhapu jpt;tpag; gpuge;jk; - gftj; fPij – 

tp~;Z Guhzk; - ,jpfhrq;fs; - gps;isj;jkpo; - gpw;fhy ,yf;fpaq;fs; - fz;zd; 

ghl;L. 

myF : 3 

itztf;Nfhl;ghLfs; (jj;Jtk;) 

jpUkhypd; gu – tpA+f – tpgt – mh;r;ir me;ju;ahkp vd;Dk; Ie;J epiy 

ntspg;ghLfs; - jpUkhYf;Nf Mshjy; - ehafd; ehafp ghtk; - ,uhkhD[uJ 

rpj;jhe;jk; - tprp~;lhj;itjk;. 

myF : 4 

itztj;jpUf;Nfhapy;fSk; jpUklq;fSk; 

itztf; Nfhapy;fspd; Njhw;wk;> tuyhW – Njtpau; - jpUklq;fs; tuyhW – 

nraw;ghLfs; - ,iwg;gzpfs; - jkpo;g; gzpfs; - rKjhag; gzpfs;. 

myF : 5 

topghl;L newpfSk; jpUtpohf;fSk; 

mf topghL – GwtopghL – ehkk; - ke;jpu cgNjrk; - Nahfk; - gQ;rfiy – 

epj;ahD re;jhdk; - vl;nlOj;J ke;jpuk; - ek;gpf;iffs; - gof;ftof;fq;fs; - 

jpUtpohf;fs; - gq;Fdp cj;jpuk; - itFz;l Vfhjrp – gpukNkhw;rtk; - jpUg;ghit 

Nehd;G – ghRuq;fs; ghb mgpeak; gpbj;Jr; nry;fpd;w miuau; Nrit – Kj;Jf; Fwp 

Nrit. 

myF : 6 

Kjy; Mo;thh;fshd> ngha;ifaho;thhpd; Kjy; 10 (jpUte;jhjpg; ghly;fs;)> 

G+jj;jho;thhpd; Kjy; 10 (jpUte;jhjpg; ghlyfs;)> Ngaho;thhpd; Kjy; 10 (jpUte;jhjpg; 

ghly;fs;). 

myF : 7 

nghpaho;thhpd; mk;Gypg;gUtk;> Mz;lhs; - jpUg;ghit Kjy; 5 – gpd; 5 

ghly;fs;. ek;kho;thh; - jpUtha;nkhop – (Mwhk;gj;J) jpUkq;ifaho;thh; – 

nghpajpUnkhop (Kjy; gj;J) 

myF : 8 

jpUkopir Mo;thh; jpUr;re;j tpUj;jk; - Kjy; gj;J> FyNrfuho;thhpd; ngUkhs; 

jpUnkhop (gj;jhk; jpUnkhop)> njhz;lubg;nghbaho;thhpd; jpUkhiy (Kjy; 10 

jpUnkhopfs;)

ghlE}y;fs; 

rq;fk; kw;Wk; rq;fk; kUtpa fhy ,yf;fpaq;fs;> fhg;gpa ,yf;fpaq;fs;> 

ehyhapuj; jpt;tpa gpuge;jk>; gftj; fPij Mrhupa`pUjak;> tp~;Z Guhzk;> 

fk;guhkhazk;> kfhghujk;> f z;zd; ghl;L. 

ghh;it E}y;fs; 

01. ,e;jpa jj;JtQhdk;. fp. ,yl;Rkzd; 

02. mW tifr; rkak; A.V. Rg;gpukzpa Iau; 

03. mW tifr; rkak; 

irt rpj;jhe;jk; xg;gPL jUikahjPdk; 

04. rka kWkyu;r;rp. Fd;wf;Fb mbfshu; 

05. jkpopyf;fpa tuyhw;Wf; fsQ;rpak; . kJ.r. tpkyhde;jk; 

06. jkpou; rka tuyhW. M. NtYg;gps;is 

07. itztKk; jkpOk; kapiy. rPdp. Ntq;flrhkp 

08. History of Indian Philosphy. S.N. Dasskuppta 

%y E}y;fs; 

fkyf;fz;zd; - ehyhapuj;jpt;tpag; gpuge;jk; 

t.,uh.lhf;lh; (ciu) - th;j;jkhdd; gjpg;gfk; 

nrd;id – 17> 2001. 

rpj;jd; - fk;gDk; jpUkq;if kd;dDk;> 

thdjp gjpg;gfk;> 

nrd;id – 1993. 

yl;Rkp ehuhazjhrd; - Mo;thh;fs; mKjk;> 

Mo;thh;fs; mKj epiyak;> 

nrd;id – 1980. 

N[hjp - =kj; ghftjk;> 

th;j;jkhdd; gjpg;gfk;> 

nrd;id – 2001. 

*****

jhs; : itzt rka ,yf;fpaq;fSk; mr;rka newpfSk; 




1. itzt rka tsu;r;rpf; $Wfs; ,yf;fpaq;fspd; %yk; gjpthfp ,Ug;gij Ma;f. 

2. fz;zd; ghl;L itzt rka ,yf;fpak; vd;gij epWTf. 

3. jpUkhypd; Ie;J epiy ntspg;ghLfs; ahit? mtw;wpd; Nfhl;ghLfisj; 

njspTgLj;Jf. 

4. itztf; Nfhapy;fisAk; jkpo;g;gzpiaAk; gw;wpa fUj;Jf;fisf; fl;Liu 

Mf;Ff. 

5. itzt rka ek;gpf;iffs;> jpUtpohf;fNshL njhlh;GgLj;Jk; jhj;guPak; cilad 

vd;gij Ma;f. 

6. Kjy; %d;W Mo;thu;fspd; jpUte;jhjp %yk; mth;fspd; gf;jp newpKiwia Ma;f. 

7. nghpaho;thu;> Mz;lhs; MfpNahupd; ,yf;fpaq;fs; fhl;Lk; jpUkhy; topghl;bd; 

nka;k;ikfis tpsf;Ff. 

8. jpUkopiraho;thupd; jPtu itzg;gw;Wk; Guhzr; nra;jp

ghlk;: rkz ngsj;j ,yf;fpaq;fSk; mt;tr; rka newpKiwfSk; 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


myF. 1. rkzk; : nghUs; - ,Utifg;gphpT - ,Utif mwq;fs; mDtpujk; - kfhtpujk; 

- kfhtPuH – jPHj;jq;fuHfs; 

myF. 2. mfpk;ir – mrj;jpa jpahfk; - m];Njak; - fhkk; ,d;ik – nghUs; tiujy; - 

gpwnfhs;iffs; - etgjhHj;jq;fs; 

myF. 3. ,yf;fpaq;fspy; rkzf; fUj;Jfs; - rpyk;gpy; rkzk; - mg;gUk; rkzKk; - 

fk;gH ghly;fspy; rkz mwq;fs; - (ehptpUj;jk; - NkUke;jpug; Guhzk;) 

myF. 4. ngsj;jk; - nghUs; - Gj;jH – jdpj;jd;ikfs; - jphpgPlfk; - ,UngUk; gphpT – 

nfhs;iffs; 

myF. 5. ehd;F tha;ik – gd;dpU rhHGfspd; Njhw;w ePf;fk; - rPyq;fs; 

myF. 6. ,yf;fpaq;fspy; ngsj;jf; fUj;Jfs; - jpUf;Fwspy; ngsj;jk; - rpyk;gpy; 

ngsj;jk; - kzpNkfiyapy; ngsj;jk; - rk;ge;jUk; ngsj;jKk; 

myF. 7. rkzk; - ngsj;jk; NtWghLfs; - ngsj;j E}y;fs; - rkz E}y;fs; 

myF. 8. rkz ngsj;j ,yf;fpaq;fSk; rKjha ey;YzHTk; - rkag;nghJik – 

Gj;jhpd; Nghjid – rKjha Vw;wj;jho;T. 

ghlE}y; : 1. ,e;jpaj; jj;Jtf; fsQ;rpak; njhFjp – 1 

2. rkzKk; jkpOk;> kapiy. rPdp.Ntq;flrhkp 

3. ngsj;jKk; jkpOk;> kapiy> rPdp.Ntq;flrhkp

jhs; : rkz ngsj;j ,yf;fpaq;fSk; mt;tr; rka newpKiwfSk;; 




1. rkz rkak; Fwpj;Jk; mjd; gpw;fhy tsHr;rp epiyfs; Fwpj;J fl;Liu tiu. 

2. ngsj;j rkaj;jpd; Njhw;wKk; mjd; tsHr;rp epiyfSk; Fwpj;J vOJf. 

3. rkz ,yf;fpaq;fspd; rpwg;Gfisj; jUf. 

4. ngsj;j ,yf;fpaq;fspd; rpwg;Gfs; Fwpj;J vOJf. 

. 

5. rkz jj;Jtf; Nfhl;ghLfis tpthpf;f. 

6. ngsj;j rkaf; Nfhl;ghLfis tpthpf;f. 

7. rkz rka topghl;L Kiwfis vOJf. 

8. ngsj;j rka topghl;L Kiwfis vOJf. 

9. rkz ngsj;j rkaq;fspd; ek;gpf;iffSk; gof;ftof;fq;fSk; Fwpj;J vOJf. 

*****

M.Phil. 

SOFT CORE 

SYLLABUS

M.Phil. (Tamil) Soft Core Courses 


Code 


1 st Year 1 st Semester TAML 314 Dalit Literature in Tamil 3 

TAML 504 Theories in Folklore 3 

TAML 513 Literature & Marxism 3 

TAML 703 Other Disciplines in Tamil 3 

TAML 724 Temples & Worships 3 

TAML 725 On Islam 3 

TAML 726 On Christianity 3

jhs;: jypj; ,yf;fpa tuyhW 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


Nehf;fk; : 

myF 1 

myF 2 

myF 3 

myF 4 

myF 5 

myF 6 

myF 7 

myF 8 

jypj; ,yf;fpak; jkpopy; Njhd;wpa gpd;dzpfisr; Rl;LtJk;> jypj; ,yf;fpag; gilg;Gfis 

mwpKfg;gLj;JtJk; ,g;ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; Nehf;fq;fshFk;. 

'jypj;" vd;w nrhy;ypd; tpsf;fk; - jkpo; ,yf;fpa tuyhw;wpy; jyp;j; gw;wpa Fwpg;Gfs; - jypj; 

,yf;fpak; gw;wpa tiuaiwfs; - fWg;gh; ,yf;fpak;> ngz;zpa ,yf;fpak; ,tw;NwhL cs;s 

njhlh;G. 

jypj;jpak; rpe;jidfs; Njhd;wpa gpd;dzpfs; - etPd ,yf;fpaKk; jypj;jpaKk; - kuhl;baj;jpy; 

jypj;jpak; - fd;dlj;jpy; jypj;jpak; - ,yq;ifapy; Kd;Kaw;rpfs;. 

jkpofj;jpd; jypj;jpar; rpe;jidfs; - fhe;jpaj;jhf;fk; - ghujp> khjitahtpd; gilg;Gfs; - 

nghpahhpd; jhf;fk; - khh;f;rpaj;jpd; jhf;fk;. 

jkpo; ehty;fSk; jypj;jpaKk; - Nldpay;> G+kzp> rptfhkp> ,kak;> ghkh Nghd;Nwhhpd; 

ehty;fs; - mtw;wpd; cs;slf;fKk; cj;jpfSk;. 

jkpo;r; rpWfijfSk; jypj;jpaKk; - ,jaNte;jd;> mgpkhdp> cQ;ir uh[d;> G+kzp 

Nghd;Nwhhpd; rpWfijfs; - czh;T ntspg;ghLfSk; cj;jpfSk;. 

jypj;jpa ehlfq;fs; - etPd ehlfq;fs; tuyhW - etPd ehlfq;fspy; jypj;jpa ngz;zpa 

cs;slf;fq;fs; - Nf.V. FzNrfudpd; ehlfq;fs;. 

jypj;jpaf; ftpijfs; - ftpijfspd; ghLnghUs; - ,lf;fulf;fy; nrhw;fs; ,lk;ngWjy; - 

vd;.b.uh[;Fkhh;> kjptz;zd; Nghd;Nwhhpd; ftpijfs;. 

jypj;jpa tpkh;rdq;fs; - uh[;nfsjkd;> rptfhkp> khh;f;];> Qhdp> Re;juuhkrhkp> utpf;Fkhh; 

Nghd;Nwhhpd; fUj;Jf;fs; - rpw;wpjo;fs; Kd; itj;j tpkh;rdq;fs; - epwg;gphpif> epfo;> 

Rgkq;fsh> NkYk; rhujh> kDrq;f Nghd;w rpw;wpjo;fspd; gq;fspg;G.

ghl E}y;fs; 

1. fUf;F - ghkh (ehty;)> 1992. 

2. NfhNtW fOijfs;> ,kak; (ehty;) 1994 

3. tpop.gh. ,jaNte;jd; (njhFg;)> jypj; rpWfijfs;> fht;ah. nrd;id 2002. 

4. jypj; gz;ghL - uh[; nfsjkd; (tpkhprdk;) 1993. 

5. gyp MLfs; - Nf.V. FzNrfud;> 1999 (Kjw;gjpg;G)> fht;ah> ngq;fSh;. 

6. ekf;fpilapyhd njhiyT – kjptz;zd; (fWg;Gg; gpujpfs; ntspaPL> nrd;id> 2005). 

ghh;it E}y;fs; 

1. mh;[Pd; lhq;fNs> jypj; ,yf;fpak;> jhkiur; nry;tp gjpg;gfk;> nrd;id (1992) 

2. uh[;nfsjkd;> jypj; gz;ghL> nfshp gjpg;gfk;> GJit> 1993. 

3. R. rz;KfRe;juk;> (njhFg;G)> jypj;jpak;> fht;ah> ngq;fSh;> 1996 

4. uh[;nfsjkd;> jkpof jypj;Jk; jkpo; ,yf;fpaKk;> Ibah]; ntspaPL> kJiu 1992. 

5. uh[;nfsjkd;> jypj; ghh;itapy; jkpo;g; gz;ghL> nfshp gjpg;gfk;> GJit 1994. 

6. md;Gf;furp (njhFg;G)> jypj; ngz;zpak; jypj; Mjhu ikak;> kJiu> 1997. 

7. mUzd;> jypj; murpaYk; ,yf;fpaKk;> md;dk;> rptfq;if> 1996. 

8. tpop. gh. ,jaNte;jd;. jypj; ,yf;fpa murpay;> ts;spf;fe;ju; gjpg;gfk;> nrd;id 2004. 

9. m.khu;f;];. ngh. Nty;rhkp (njhFg;) tpspk;Gepiy Ma;TfSk;. jkpo;f; fijg;ghy;fSk;> 

epwg;gpupif> Fk;gNfhzk;. 1998. 

10. tpop. gh. ,jaNte;jd;. jypj; fiy ,yf;fpak;> ts;spfe;ju; gjpg;gfk;> nrd;id 2003. 

11. Nfh. GfNoe;jp (njhFg;) jypj;jpaKk; khDl tpLjiyAk;> jkpo; Kof;fk; ntspaPl;lfk;> nrd;id 

2004. 

******

jhs; : jypj; ,yf;fpa tuyhW 




1. jypj;Jfs; jkpo; ,yf;fpa tuyhw;wpy; ,lk; ngw;wpUg;gijr; rhd;WfSld; epWTf. 

2. jypj;jpar; rpe;jidfs; Njhd;wp> tsh;e;j gpd;dzpfis tpsf;Ff. 

3. nghpahh; jypj;Jfspd; Nkk;ghl;bw;F Mw;wpa gzpfis kjpg;gpLf. 

4. G+kzpapd; gilg;Gfspy; fhzg;gLk; jypj;jpaj;ijr; rhd;WfSld; vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf. 

5. jypj;jpar; rpWfijfspd; jdpj;jd;ikfs; ahit? 

6. cQ;ir uh[d; gilg;Gfs; Fwpj;J kjpg;gpLf. 

7. Nf.V. FzNrfudpd; „gyp MLfs;‟ ehlfj;jpd; ikaf; fUtpidg; Gyg;gLj;Jf. 

8. kjptz;zd; ftpijfspy; „jypj;jpak;‟ gw;wpr; rhd;WfSld; epWTf. 

9. jypj;jpar; rpe;jidfs; guTjypy; rpw;wpjo;fspd; gq;fspg;gpid kjpg;gpLf. 

*****

ghlk;: ehl;Lg;GwtpaYk; Nfhl;ghLfSk; 


ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


Nehf;fk;: 

ehl;Lg;g[wtpay; Ma;t[f; Bfhl;ghLfisg; bghJthd epiyapy; mwpKfk; bra;jy; 

myF - 1: „ehl;Lg;g[wtpay;‟ vd;w brhy;ypd; tp sf;fk; - Bkiye hl;lhh; jUk; tp sf;fk; - 

jkp H;r;R{Hypy; nr;brhy; ga d;gLj;jg;gLk; Kiwfs; - ehl;Lg;g[w tHf;fhWfs; 

vy;iya[k; gug;g[k;. 

myF - 2: 

ehl;Lg;g[wtpaYk; gp w g[yA;fSk; - ehl;Lg ;g[w tpaYk; nyf;fpaKk; - 

ehl;lg;g[wtpaYk; khdp ltpa Yk; - ehl;Llg;g[w tpaYk; rK}ftpaYk; - ehl;Lg;g[w tpaYk; 

bkhHpapaYk; - ehl;Lg;g[wtpaYk; tuyhWk;. 

myF - 3: g[uhztpay; Bfhl;ghLfs; - ne;jpaf; Bfhl;ghLfs; - tpsf;fk; - Bjhw;w k; - 

tsh;r;rp epiyfs; - epiwfs; - Fiwfs;. 

myF - 4: tuyhw;W epytpay; Bfhl;ghL – tuhw;W kPl;LUthf;ff; Bfhl;ghL – tpsf;fk; - 

Bjhw;wk; - tsh;r;rp epiyfs; - epiwfs; - Fiwfs;. 

myF - 5: fUj;JUf; Bfhl;ghL – bray;ghl;Lf; Bfhl;ghL – tp sf;fk; - Bjhw;wk; - tsh;r;rp 

epiyfs; - epiwfs; - Fiwfs;. 

myF - 6: csg;gFg;gha;t[f; Bfhl;ghL – mikg;gpay; Bfhl;ghL – tha;bkhHp tha;ghl;Lf; 

Bfhl;ghL – tp sf;fk; - Bjhw;w k; - tsh;r;rp ep iyfs; - epiwfs; - Fiwfs;. 

myF - 7: gz;ghl;oil xg;gPl;Lf; Bfhl;ghL – kf;fs;jpus; gz;ghl;Lf; Bfhl;ghL – tpsf;fk; 

- Bjhw;w k; - tsh;r;rp epiyfs; - epiwfs; - Fiwfs;. 

myF - 8: miua [yff; Bfhl;ghL – R{Hypay; Bfhl;ghL – tpsf;fk; - Bjhw;wk; - tsh;r;rp 

ghl E}y;fs;: 

epiyfs; - epiwfs; - Fiwfs;. 

Y]h;J Bj. ehl;lhh; tHf;fhw;wpay; rp y mog;gilfs;, ehl;lhh; tHf;fhw;wpay; 

Ma;t[ ika k; ghisaA;Bfhl; il, 1997. 

2. nuhke hjd; MW. ehl;lg;g[wtpay; Ma;t[fs;, kzp thrfh; gjpg;gfk;, brd;id, 

18. 

3. rf;jpBty; R. ehl;Lg;g[w nay; Ma;t[, kzpthrfh; gjpg;gfk; brd;id -18, 

1995 

*****

jhs; : ehl;Lg;GwtpaYk; Nfhl;ghLfSk; 




1. ehl;Lg;Gwtpaypd; Njhw;wk;> tsh;r;rp Fwpj;J tpsf;Ff. 

2. ehl;Lg;Gwtpaiyg; gpw Gyq;fNshL njhlh;Gg;gLj;jp fl;Liu tiuf. 

3. ,e;jpaf; Nfhl;ghLfs; Fwpj;J tpsf;Ff. 

4. tuyhw;W epytpay; Nfhl;ghL gw;wp tpsf;Ff. 

5. csg;gFg;gha;Tf; Nfhl;ghL Fwpj;J vOJf. 

6. R+oypay; Nfhl;ghL gw;wp fl;Liu tiuf. 

7. ehl;Lg;Gwtpay; Ma;TfSf;Ff; Nfhl;ghLfs; kpfTk; ,d;wpaikahjJ vDk; 

$w;iw Ma;T Nehf;fpy; tpsf;Ff. 

8. ehl;Lg;Gwtpay; Ma;Tfspd; gad;fs; Fwpj;Jf; fl;Liu tiuf. 

9. nray;ghl;Lf; Nfhl;ghL gw;wp tpsf;Ff. 

*****

ghlk;: khh;f;rpaKk; ,yf;fpaKk; 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


ghlk;: (mUe;Jizg; ghlk;) 

Nehf;fk;: khh;f;rpaj;ija [k; khh;f;r pa nyf;fpaf; Bfhl;ghLfisa[k; mwpKfg;gLj;jp mtw;iw 

jkp H;r;R{Hypy; bghUj;jpg; ghh;f;Fk; Kiwfis tpthjpj;jy;. 

myF - 1: khh;f;rpd; thH;f;if tuyhw;iw tp sf;Fjy; - khh;f;rpd; nsikf;fhyk; - 

gj;jp hpf;ifapy; vGJjy;, gzpa hw;Wjy; - kzthH;f;if – gpuhd;R thH;f;if – 

yz;ld; thH;f;if – %}yjdk; vGjpa fhyA;fs; - fl;rp mw pf;if btspapl;l 

fhyA;fs; - khh;f;Rf;Fk; VA;bfy;!;Fkhd bjhlh;g[fs;. 

myF - 2: 

r%}ftpay; Bfhl;ghLfs; - !;bgd;rh; - Mf!;l; Bfk;Bj – vkpypJh;fa;k; MfpBahh; 

r%}ftpay; bjhlh;ghf mwpe;Js;s tpsf;fA;fisr; RUf;fkhff; fhZjy; - xU 

r%}fj;ij tiuaiw bra;tjw ;fhd mog;gilfs; - gpw r%}ftpay; 

Bfhl;ghLfspypUe ;J khh;f;rpa r %}ftpay; khWgLk; epiyfs;. 

myF - 3: naf;ftpay; bghUs; Kjy;thjk; - Kuz;ghLfspd; xw;Wik – epiykWg;gp d; 

epiykWg;g[ - epiykWg;gp d; mst[ khWghLk; FzkhWghLk; 

myF - 4: tuyhw;Wg; bghUs;Kjy; thjk; - Kk;Kidg;Bghuhl;lk; - bghUshjhug; 

Bghuhl;lA;fs; - murp ay; Bghuhl;lA;fs; - jj;Jthh;j;jg; Bghuhl;lA;fs;. 

myF - 5: nyf;fpa k; - jFjpg;ghLfs; - jFjp g;ghl;Lr; rpf;fy;fs; - Bfhl;ghLfsp d; %}yk; 

nyf;fpa j;ij mZFjy; - nyf;fpaj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; bka;ikap ay; - tp kh;rd 

bka;ikapay; - Brhryprbka;ikapay; Mfpatw;iwf; fhZjy;. 

myF - 6: gpujp gypg;g[f; fUj;J tifik (Reflection Model) – Y]fh!; Fwpj;j bra;jpfs; - 

Y]fh!; nyf;fpak; Fwpj;Jf; TWk; fUj;J f;fs; - nyf;fpaj;jpd; totk; - 

brk;ika hd totk; - bjhlh;g[gLj;jg;glhj KGik – Kuz;jh;f;fk;. 

myF - 7: Mf;f epiyf; fUj;J tifik (Production Model) nyf;fpa k; Fwp j;J bkf;fhpapd; 

fUj;Jf;fs; - nyf;fpak; vd;gJ Mf;fg;gLtJ – nyf;fpa cw;gj;jp – 

nyf;fpa j;ijg; gilg;gbjd;gJ rpj;jhe;jj;ij muA;Bfw ;WtJ – bkf;fhhp 

my;J!;!h; f Uj;Jf;fis Vw ;wy; - rhpahd gilg;g[ khh;f;!; %}yjdk; - Be ha; 

Fwpfhl;lk; gog;g[ - bfhs;ifrhh; mwpt[ vd;gBj khh;f;rpa mwpt[. 

myF - 8: gpwg;g[ kug[f; fUj ;J tifik (Genetic Model) – nyf;fpak; gw;wpa Y]rpapd; 

Bfhy;LBkd; fUj;Jf;fs; - E]yhrphpaUf;Fk; gilg;gpw;Fkhd cwt[ - r%}ff; FGtp d; 

btsp g;ghBl gilg;g[ vd;w thjk; - ve ;j r%}ff; FGt[k; rp j;jhe ;j mwpit 

bgw;Ws;sJ – gilg;g[ vd;gJ Tl;L e ltof;ifahy; cUthf;fg;gLtJ.

myF - 9: jkp H; nyf;fpaA;fspy; khh;f;rpa rpj;jhe;jj;ijg; bghUj;jpg; ghh;j;jy; - th;f;f 

Kuz;fis mila hsk; fhZjy; - Bky; jl;Lth;f;f epiyfisa[k; - moj;jl;L 

th;f;f epiyfisa[k; - mwpKf epiyapy; jkpH; nyf;fpaA;fs; vt;thW 

gpujp gypf;fp d;w d vd;gijf; fhZjy;. 

myF - 10: 

brhw;fs; - Bkw;fl;Lkhdk; - mof;fl;Lkhdk; - bghUshjhur; Ruz;ly; - th;f;fk; - 

ajhh;j;jk; - tp kh;rd ajhh;j;jk; - Brhryp r ajhh;j;jk; - th;f;f BtWghLfs; - 

r%}f Kuz;fs; - muR – rl;lk; - epyt[ilik – Kjyhspj;Jtk;. 


Fwpg;g[: vy;yh myFfspypUe;Jk; tp dhf;fs; mikjy; Btz;Lk;. 

1. bfa;y;Xk;btl;, - th;f;fk; rhjp epyk; 

nuhrhuhk; (bkh.bg) 

fhh;Kfpy; gjpg;gfk;, 

kJiu - 1988 

2. ruj;ggPy; - rhjpth;f;f Kuz;ghLfspd; 

naA;fpay;, 

rz;Kfk; (bkh.bg) 

g[wg;ghL JizbtspaPL 

brd;id. M.n. 

3. rh;kh, M h;.v!;. - gHA;fhy ne;jpahtpy; murpay; 

bfhs;iffs; fy;tp epiyaA;fs;- 

rpy Bjhw;wA;fs; BrhkBy 

(bkh.bg) 

ne;jpa d; ft[d;rpy; 

Mg;#p!;lhhpf;fy; 

uprh;r; epa{bly;yp , epa[brq;Rhp 

g[f; ep Wtdk;, kjuh!;, 1989. 

4. JA;.kh.Br. - fiya[k; nyf;fpaKk; 

uh$khzpf;fk; (bkh.bg) 

jkp H;g; g[j;jfhyak; 

brd;id, 1988 

5. ek;g{jp hpghl;, n.vk;.v!;. - ne;jpa tuyhW – xU khh;f;rpa 

fz;Bzhl;lk; 

guBk!;tud;, gp.M h;(bkh.bg) 

brd;id g[f;!;, brd;id-1988 

6. gh!;fy;fp!;ghh;l;.v!;.Bf. - r%}ftpaypd; mog;gilfs;, 

ehuhazd;., b$.(bkh.bg ) 

jkp H; btspaPl;Lf;fHfk;, 

brd;id, 1964. 

7. bghF!;yht;!;fp .bt.bkh. - naf;ftpay; bghUs;Kjy; 

thjk;, tuyhw;Wg;bghUs; Kjy; 

thjk; 

M.bg.n (bkh.bg) 

Kd;Bdw;wg;gjp g;gfk; 

kh!;Bfh, 1978.

8. budpbty;yhf;, M!;od;thud; - nyf;fpaf; bfhs;iffs; 

FBshhpa h Re;jukjp ,v!;.(bkh.bg) 

ghhpepiyak; 

brd;id, 1966 

9. $hh;$; jhk;rd;, - kdpj r%}fr; rhuk ; 

Bfrtd; (bkh.bg) 

brd;id g[f; #t[!; 

brd;id – 1981 

10. “” - khh;f;!; VA;bfy;!; Bjh;t[ 

E]y;fs; 

bjhFjp. 1-12 

M.bg.n (bkh.bg) 

kh!;Bfh 

1984 

11. kiw kiy.rp.n. - khh;f;rpaKk; nyf;fpaKk ; 


rpjk;guk; - 1996 

12. eluhrd;., jp.R - jpwdha;t[f;fiy 

mZFKiwfSk; 

bfhs;iffSk; 

epa{ brq;Rhp g[f; #t[!; 

brd;id – 1996 

13. gPl;lh; bthh;!;yp., - khh;f;!`k; khh;f;rpaKk; 

gpukp s; (bkh.bg) 

yak; btspaPL 

Cl;o 

1999 

14. kA;ifah;f;furp.rp t., - nyf;fpa naf;fA;fs; 

(jkp H; nyf;fpaj;jp d; r %}f 

tuyhW) 

Ea{ brq;Rhp g[f; #t[!; 

brd;id - 2004 

15. uFehjd;.bjh.K.r. - Kw;Bghf;F nyf;fpa 

naf;fA;fs; 

****** 

epa{ brq;Rhp g[f; #t[!; 

brd;id - 1994

jhs; : khh;f;rpaKk; ,yf;fpaKk; 



(6 X 10= 60) 

gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; vitNaDk; MwDf;F 800 nrhw;fSf;Ff; Fiwahky; tpilaspf;f. 

1. khh;f;rpd; ,sikf;fhyr; rpe;jidfs; gw;wp Ma;f. 

2. khh;f;rpd; r%ftpay; Nfhl;ghL> gpw r%ftpay; mwpQh;fspd; Nfhl;ghLfspypUe;J 

khWgLfpwJ vd;gij Ma;f. 

3. tuyhW Fwpj;j khh;f;rpaf; nfhs;iffis tpsf;fp tiuf. 

4. khh;f;rpag; nghUs;Kjy;thjk; gw;wpf; fl;Liu tiuf. 

5. “nfhs;ifrhh; mwpT vd;gNj khh;f;rpa mwpT” vd;gij epWTf. 

6. khh;f;rpaf; nfhs;iffis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l ,yf;fpaq;fisg; gw;wp Ma;f. 

7. “r%ff; FOtpd; ntspg;ghNl gilg;G” vd;gij Ma;f. 

8. „th;f;f NtWghLfs;> r%f Kuz;ghLfSf;Ff; fhuzq;fs‟; vd;gij Ma;f. 

9. jkpo; ,yf;fpaq;fspy; fhzg;gLk; th;f;f Kuz;fs; gw;wp vOJf. 

*****

ghlk;: jkpo; ,yf;fpaj;jpy; gpwJiwfs; 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


Nef;fq;fs;: 

1. tsh;e;J tUfpd;w „Jiwfs;‟ Fwpj;j mwptpid khzth;fs; mwpar;bra;jy; 

2. gpwJiw mwptpd; tHp nyf;fpa Ma;t[g; gug;ig tphpt[gLj;jy; 

3. jkpH; nyf;fpaj;jpy; mike;Js;s rpy Jiwfs; Fwpj;J khzth;fis Muhaj; J]z;Ljy; 

4. jkpH; nyf;fpa typikia, mjpy; MH;e;J fplf;Fk; gyJiwfisa[k; Muha;e;J jkpH; 

cyFf;F mwpKfg;gLj;jr; bra;jy;. 

myF - 1: mofpay;: 

murpay; - fy;tpapay; - bka;g;bghUspay; - kidapay; - kUj;Jt nay; - thdpay; 

- Rtoapay; - mwp tpay; - bghJ mwpKfk;. 

myF - 2: mofpay;: 

epiyfs; - jj;Jtk; - (na y;g[ - cz;ik – ed;ik – bjhlh;g[) cstpay; - 

(gilg;g[ - kjpg;gp ly;) – gUg;bghUs; - Ez;bghUs; - fhye;BjhWk; mHfpayp d; 

btsp g;ghL. 

myF - 3: murpay;: 

murd; - muR – murpayhsh;f;F Btz;oait – Btz;lhjit – muRf;Fj; Jiz 

epw;git – fhye;BjhWk; rKjha murpay;. 

myF - 4: fy;tpapay;: 

gz;ilj;jkp Hh; fy;tpKiw – Be hf;fA;fs; - Mrphpah; - khzth;epiy – fw;gp j;jy; 

Bfhl;ghLfs; - rka Kk; fy;tpa[k; - fy;tpap d; tif – nyf;fpaf;fy;tp – mwptpay; 

fy;tp – nyf;fpaf; fy;tpapd; ga d;fs; - nyf;fpaf; fy;tpiaf; fhf;Fk; tp jpfs;. 

myF - 5: nka;g;nghUspaYk; clYk;: 

caph; - csk; - gpwg;g[k; epiya[k; - niwa[z;ik – rhpia – fphp ia – Bahfk; - 

qhdk; - Koepiy. 

myF - 6: kidapay;: 

mfthH;t[ - fstpay; - mwj;bjhL epw;wy; - cld;Bghf;F – tiujy; - ny;ywmw k; 

- nay;g[thH;t[ - bgw;Bwhh;epiy – kf;fl;BgW – tpUe;Bjhk;gy; - 

gHf;ftHf;fA;fs;. 

myF - 7: kUj;Jt,ay;: 

clypay; - caphpay; - cstpay; Fwpj;j mwpitg; bgwy; - Be ha wpjy; - %}}yk; 

mwpjy; - kUe;jwpjy; - Beha; ePf;fk; - kUj;Jth; na y;g[ - rp y kUe;Jfs;. 

myF - 8: thdpay;: 

mz;lk; - Bfhs;fs; - tpz;kPd;fs; - thdp d; Bjhw;wKk; naw;if khw;wKk; - fhyf; 

fzf;fpay; - nuhrpr;rf;fuk; - Brhjpl mog;gil. 

myF - 9: Rtbapay;: 

mikg;g[ - tif – BtWghLfs; - K}yg;ghl Ma;t[ - gjpg;g[ Kiw – 

Rtog;gjpg;gp d; fhyk; - gjpg;g[g; gzpfs; - gjpg;g[iu – mr;rpy; bfhz;L tuy;.

myF - 10: mwptpay;: 

nyf;fpaKk; mwp tpaYk; - BtWgl;l jd;ik – Mw;wy; mHptjpy;iy – fU cw;gj;jp 

epiy – Btjpapay; - mZr; Brhjid – fhyg;ghpzhkk; - bkhHpa[k; mwptpaYk; - 

„mwptpay; jkp H;‟ vd;w tsh;r ;rp. 

mbg;gil E}y;fs;: 

rA;ffhyk; Kjy; nf;fhyk; tiuapyhd nyf;fpa E]y;. 

ghl E}y;fs;: 

1. mHfpa y; - lhf;lh;. kPdhl;rp KUfuj;jp dk; - kJiu fhkuhrh; 

gy;fiyf;fHfk;, kJiu. 

2. mHfpa y; rpe ;jidfs; - lhf;lh;. tp.rp . rrp ty;yp , cyfj;jkp Hhuha;r;rp epWtdk;, 

brd;id. 

3. nf;fhyr; rpWfijfs; - (mHfpaYk; kugpaYk;)- Kidth;. fPjh rz;KfBtyd;, 

fPjhgjpg;gfk;, brd;id. 

4. jkp Hf tuyhWk; gz;ghLk‟ – Bt.jp.bry;tk;, kzpthrfh; gjp g;gfk;, brd;id. 

5. fy;tpap d; jj;Jt rK}}f mog;gilfs; - v!;.re;jhdk; - gHdpag;gh gp ujh;!;, 

brd;id. 

6. M d;kPfKk; mwptpa Yk; , - lhf;lh;. e. Rg;g[bul;oa hh;, ghhpepiya k;, brd;id 

7. rp j;jh;bewp - 1 lhf;lh; V.Mh;.rhuA;fghzp , kzpthrfh; gjpg;gfk;, brd;id. 

8. rp j;jh;bewp - 2 lhf;lh; V.Mh;.rhuA;fghzp , kzp thrfh; gjpg;gfk;, brd;id. 

9. rp j;jkUj;Jtk; - rpjk;gujhZg;gp s;is, rpj;jkFlgp uRuj;jhh;, brd;id. 

10. nyf;fpa A;fspy; thdpay; - lhf;lh;. rptbgUkhd;, mz;zhkiyg; gy;fiyf;fHfk;, 

rpjk;guk;. 

11. Rtoapay; - g[.Rg;gp ukzpak;, cyfj;jkp Hhuha;r;rp epWtdk;, milahW. 

12. mwptpay; jkpH; - (gjp ) r. nuhkehjd;, 

nuhk. Re;juk;, 

fue;ijj; jkpH;r;rA;fk;, 

jkp H;g; gy;fiyf;fHfk;, 

jq;rht{h; - 1995. 

*****

jhs; : jkpo; ,yf;fpaj;jpy; gpwJiwfs; 



(6 X 10= 60) 

gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; vitNaDk; MwDf;F tpilaspf;f. 

1. „fhye;NjhWk; mofpay;” ntspg;gLk; tpjq;fis ,yf;fpaq;fspd; top Muha;f. 

2. rKjha murpay; Fwpj;j ghh;itia ,yf;fpa Ma;thsh;fs; top Muha;f. 

3. ,yf;fpaq;fspd; thapyhff; fy;tp tsh;r;rpaile;j epiyia tpsf;Ff. 

4. „caph; kw;Wk; csk;‟ Fwpj;j nra;jpfisj; njhFj;Jiuf;f. 

5. kidapaypd; khz;Gfis tpthpf;f. 

6. „kdpjDk; kUj;JtKk;‟ - vd;gJ Fwpj;J tphpthf vOJf. 

7. thdpd; Njhw;wKk; ,aw;if khw;wKk; vd;gJ Fwpj;J tpthpf;f. 

8. Rtbg;gjpg;gpd; Njitfis vOJf. 

9. „mwptpay; jkpo;‟ - vd;w cUthf;fg; gad;ghLfisg; gw;wp vOJf. 

*****

: 

(Temples and Worship) 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


myF - 1: 

myF - 2: 

myF - 3: 

myF - 4: 

myF - 5: 


: 

: 

; : 

: 

: 

: 

*****

jhs; : 



vitNaDk; MW tpdhf;fSf;F tpil vOJf. (6X10=60) 

1. jpUf;Nfhapy;fspd; tiffs;> mikg;G Kiwfs; Fwpj;njOJf. 

2. jpUf;Nfhapy;fspy; gpd;gw;wg;gLk; gy;NtW topghl;L Kiwfis tphpthf vOJf. 

3. irt rkaf;Nfhapy;fs; vDk; jiyg;gpy; tphpthf Muha;f. 

4. jy tuyhW> ehad;khh;fs;> ghly; ngw;w jyk; vDk; nghUz;ikfs; 

Fwpj;njOJf. 

5. itztj; jpUf;Nfhapy;fspd; mikg;Gk; rpwg;Gk; Fwpj;J tpsf;Ff. 

6. itztj; jpUf;Nfhapy;fspy; nfhz;lhlg;ngWk; jpUtpohf;fs; gw;wp vOJf. 

7. fpwpj;jt> ,Ryhkpa rkaf; Nfhapy;fspd; mikg;G> topghl;L Kiwfs; 

Fwpj;njOJf. 

8. rkz> ngsj;j topghl;Lj; jyq;fs; Fwpj;J tpsf;Ff. 

9. Ma;thsh; fsg;gzp Nkw;nfhz;l jpUf;Nfhapy; Fwpj;njOJf. 

*****

: 

(Islam) 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


myF - 1: 

myF - 2: 

myF - 3: 

myF - 4: 

myF - 5: 

myF - 6: 

myF - 7: 

myF - 8: 


*****

jhs; : 

(Islam) 




1. ,Ryhk; kjj; Njhw;wKk; tsh;r;rpAk; gw;wpf; fl;Liu tiuf. 

2. ,Ryhkpaj; jkpo;g; Gyth;fs; Fwpj;J xU fl;Liu tiuf. 

3. ,Ryhk; kjr; nra;As; ,yf;fpaq;fs; Fwpj;J xU fl;Liu vOJf. 

4. ciueil ,yf;fpaq;fs; jUk; nra;jpfs; ahit? 

5. ,Ryhkpaf; Nfhl;ghLfis tiuaWf;f. 

6. ,Ryhkpah;fspd; ,yf;fpa nkhopeil Fwpj;J vOJf. 

7. ,Ryhkpa Myaq;fspy; epfOk; topghl;L Kiwfis vLj;Jiuf;f. 

8. ,Ryhkpa ek;gpf;iffSk; gof;ftof;fq;fSk; Fwpj;J xU fl;Liu vOJf. 

9. ,Ryhkpah; gilj;j GJtifahd ,yf;fpag; gilg;Gf;fis Muha;f. 

*****

: 

(Christianity) 

ghlj;jpl;;lk; 


myF. 1. fpwpj;Jtk; - ngaH tpsf;fk; - fpwpj;Jt kjj; Njhw;wKk; tsHr;rpAk; - 

,e;jpahtpy; fpwpj;Jtk;> jkpofj;jpy; fpwpj;jtk;. 

myF. 2. INuhg;gpag; ghjphpkhHfSk; - fpwpj;Jtj; jkpo;g; nghpahHfSk;. 

myF. 3. nra;As; ,yf;fpaq;fs; 

myF. 4. ciueil ,yf;fpaq;fs; 

myF. 5. fpwpj;Jtf; Nfhl;ghLfs; 

myF. 6. nkhopeil ,yf;fpaq;fs; 

myF. 7. fpwpj;Jt Myaq;fSk; topghl;L KiwfSk; 

myF. 8. ek;gpf;iffSk; gof;f tof;fq;fSk; 

ghlE}y; : 1. fpwpj;JtKk; jkpofKk; - KidtH #.,d;dhrp 

2. fpwpj;JtKk; jkpOk;> kapiy. rpdp.Ntq;flrhkp

jhs; : 

(Christianity) 




1. jkpofj;jpy; fpwpj;jtk; gutpa tuyhw;iw tpthpf;f. 

2. INuhg;gpa mUl;gzpahsh;fs; jkpOf;F Mw;wpAs;s gy;NtW gzpfs; Fwpj;J 

vOJf. 

3. fpwpj;jtj; jkpo; fhg;gpag; gilg;Gfspd; rpwg;gpidg; Gyg;gLj;Jf. 

4. jkpo; ciueil tsh;r;rpf;Ff; fpwpj;jth; gq;fspg;gpid vLj;Jiuf;f. 

5. fpwpj;jtf; Nfhl;ghLfs; rpytw;iwr; Rl;b tpsf;Ff. 

6. fpwpj;jt mwpQh;fspd; nkhopngah;g;Gg; gzpfisg; Gyg;gLj;Jf. 

7. fpwpj;jt topghl;L Kiwfspd; jdpj;jd;ikfis tpsf;Ff. 

8. jkpo;f; fpwpj;jthpilNa fhzg;gLk; gof;ftof;fq;fs; Fwpj;J vOJf. 

9. fpwpj;jtj; jkpo; eil gw;wp Muha;f. 

*****

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