Criminology Law & Society Research Newsletter

Volume 1• Issue 1 

November 2016 

Criminology, Law, & Society Research Newsletter 

Click to share the newsletter! 

A word from our 

Department Chair 

This newsletter 

illustrates 

the commitment 

to engaged 

scholarship of 

the highest quality 

that is emblematic 

of the faculty and 

students in the Department of 

Criminology, Law and Society. 

My thanks to Jason Gravel for 

initiating this publication, in 

conjunction with the student 

Strategic Communication 

Committee and congratulations 

on a wonderful first issue. 

Cheryl L. Maxson 

Department Chair and Professor 

Featured articles 

Melissa Barragan, Nicole Sherman, Keramet Reiter, 

& George Tita Page 2 

“Damned If You do, Damned If You Don’t”: Perceptions of Guns, Safety 

and Legitimacy Among Detained Gun Offenders 

Naomi Sugie Page 3 

Utilizing Smartphones to Study Disadvantaged and Hard-to-Reach 

Groups 

Charis Kubrin & Carroll Seron Page 4 

The Great Experiment: Realigning Criminal Justice in California and 

Beyond 

Richard McCleary, David McDowall, & Brad Bartos Page 5 

Design and Analysis of Time Series Experiments 

Adam Dunbar, Charis Kubrin, & Nicholas Scurich Page 6 

The Threatening Nature of “Rap” 

Julie Gerlinger & John Hipp Page 7 

Schools and Neighborhood Crime: The Effects of Dropouts, Graduate 

Rates, and Test Scores on Youth Crime 

CLS @ ASC Page 8 

Schedule of presentations by CLS students and faculty at the 

American Society of Criminology meeting 

Dear students, faculty, and colleagues, 

Introduction to the CLS Research Newsletter 

I am pleased to introduce the first issue of the CLS Newsletter. The goal of this newsletter is to expose 

students–old and new–as well as faculty, and whoever else is interested, to the research being done within the 

Department of Criminology, Law, and Society at the University of California, Irvine. This quarterly newsletter will 

feature summaries of recently published articles, manuscripts under preparation, and other ongoing research 

projects by graduate students and faculty. This current issue features six exciting projects happening right 

under our roof, most of which showcase the work of incredibly talented graduate students. Some of the projects 

presented in this issue have already been the subject of publications in our field’s top journals, while others are 

currently under review, or are forthcoming. For published papers, you can access the full articles by clicking 

on the hyperlink logo ( ).We are also hoping to get exposure for this research outside the department and 

the University through publishing the newsletter on social media.You can also share the papers discussed 

in the newsletter on Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn by clicking on the relevant logo below the article link. 

To know more about the authors, clicking on their names will redirect you to their Research Gate, Google 

Scholar, or university profile. It is my pleasure to serve as the editor for this year with the help of the Strategic 

Communication Committee and we hope that this initiative can help promote the great work being done by 

members of our department. 

Jason Gravel, Editor 

PhD Candidate 

CLS Research Newsletter • November 2016 page 1 of 9


November 2016 

“Damned If You do, Damned If You Don’t”: 

Perceptions of Guns, Safety and Legitimacy Among Detained Gun 

Offenders 

Melissa Barragan 1 , Nicole Sherman, Keramet Reiter, & George E. Tita 

Barragan, M., et al. (2016). Criminal Justice & Behavior, 43(1),140-155. 

1 barragm1@uci.edu 

Understanding the factors that motivate illicit gun 

behavior is necessary for shaping gun policies 

that will effectively deter future gun offenders 

and maintain public safety. Although some studies 

suggest that negative perceptions of the law and 

safety concerns can influence gun offending patterns, 

few have examined how such perceptions develop 

and, importantly, how these legal and extra-legal 

factors interact to shape individual compliance and 

the legitimacy of gun law more generally. To address 

these gaps in the literature, this paper draws upon 

140 in-depth interviews with gun offenders detained in 

Los Angeles County Jails. By leveraging the voices of 

serious gun offenders, this paper critically interrogates 

the theorized relationship between both guns and 

safety and legitimacy and compliance. 

Methodology 

The data presented in this paper were collected 

as part of a multi-city project examining illegal 

gun markets from the perspective of detained gun 

offenders. Interviews were conducted at four Los 

Angeles County Jails between January and October 

of 2014. Participants were randomly selected from 

a list of detainees held on gun-related charges (e.g., 

felon in possession of a firearm), excluding only those 

with safety or mental health designations. 

In total, 

we interviewed 140 people and 75 refused, for a 

final participation rate of 65%. A modified grounded 

theory approach was used to develop analytic codes 

inductively from the interview data [1]. 

Results & Conclusions 

Findings suggest that the legitimacy-compliance 

association is a non-linear, multi-faceted process, 

conditioned by a variety of experiences and 

perspectives. At the heart of this relationship is 

perceived safety. A majority of respondents live 

in violence-ridden communities, have been witness 

to or been victims of gun violence, and have 

experienced myriad abuses at the hands of the law. 

Under such circumstances, guns offered respondents 

an immediate and reasonable safety-management 

strategy. 

Yet willingness to subvert the law did not mean 

that respondents disavowed the law completely. 

Respondents typically perceived the public safety 

function of gun law as legitimate, and agreed that 

the law should regulate gun possession among those 

who inflict the most harm (e.g., violent offenders and 

the mentally unstable). Respondents also generally 

agreed that the police play an important role in 

maintaining community safety. 

Unfortunately, the collective, protective utility of both 

gun laws and the police appeared to be compromised 

by adverse experiences with community violence 

and police. Regardless of engagement in criminal 

activity, most respondents feared that they would 

fall victim violence, and particularly gang violence, if 

they did not have a gun. Repeated experiences with 

police harassment and abuse further enhanced these 

feelings of physical insecurity by tainting respondents’ 

willingness to trust and cooperate with the authorities. 

Taken together, what we have is a ripple effect: if safety 

is tenuous, so too is the legitimacy of gun law and, thus, 

compliance. 

These findings have important implications for both 

theory and policy. Research shows that gun policies 

are generally crafted according deterrence principles. 

Although this article did not explore perceptions 

of certainty or celerity, respondents’ willingness to 

circumvent the law in spite of punitive restrictions 

suggests that severity alone is not sufficient to deter 

gun offenders. For our sample, fear of crime and 

victimization–both by gang members and the police 

alike–outweighed fear of punishment. Failure to 

address these underlying fears and realities within 

communities highly effected by gun risks undermining 

the legitimacy and impact of well-intentioned gun 

policies. 


Utilizing Smartphones to Study Disadvantaged 

and Hard-to-Reach Groups 

Naomi F. Sugie 1 

Sugie, N. F. (2016). Sociological Methods & Research. Published online. 


November 2016 

1 nsugie@uci.edu 

Mobile technologies, specifically smartphones, 

offer social scientists a potentially powerful 

approach to examine the social world. They 

enable researchers to collect information that was 

previously unobservable or difficult to measure, 

expanding the realm of empirical investigation. 

For research that concerns resource-poor and 

hard-to-reach groups, smartphones may be 

particularly advantageous by lessening sample 

selection and attrition and by improving measurement 

quality of irregular and unstable experiences. At the 

same time, smartphones are nascent social science 

tools, particularly with less advantaged populations 

that may have different phone usage patterns and 

privacy concerns. 

Methodology 

This article discusses the strengths and potential 

challenges of utilizing smartphones as research tools 

among hard-to-reach groups with less technology 

experience. I focus on four main issues of 

concern for researchers considering smartphone 

studies with similar groups: sample selection and 

attrition, measurement of irregular and changeable 

patterns, missing data, and researcher effects. I 

also discuss several lessons learned that describe 

specific strategies for gaining participant trust and 

protecting privacy, methods to address heterogeneous 

technological skills of participants, and questions to 

consider when assessing options for phones and data 

plans. I illustrate all of these topics with findings from 

the Newark Smartphone Reentry Project (NSRP). The 

NSRP sampled participants from a complete census of 

eligible men recently released from prison and under 

supervision with the New Jersey Parole Board. 135 

men received smartphones and phone plans and were 

followed via the phones for three months. A smaller 

group was also followed with interviews for comparison 

purposes. 

Results 

One of the main advantages of using smartphones 

to collect data was that participants seemed to prefer 

the use of phones, as opposed to interviews. This 

finding was demonstrated both by participants’ higher 

initial take-up rate and their statements about the 

convenience of smartphone surveys. For groups 

that are typically hard to reach, this is a clear 

advantage compared to interview or survey methods. 

Smartphones also facilitate the collection of detailed 

behavioral measures that are often not possible to 

obtain with other methods, such as measures of 

everyday geographic mobility and social networks. 

Moreover, they enable the collection of frequent 

self-report answers, which is a particular benefit 

for researchers studying groups, topics, or contexts 

that are characterized by irregular or changeable 

experiences. For researchers considering smartphone 

projects, however, the potential Hawthorne effects of 

frequent surveys, as well as the provision of phones 

and data plans, should be assessed within the scope 

and aims of the specific project. As I found in the 

NSRP, participants believed that the project provided 

benefits during their job search and that their job 

search changed as a result of their participation. At 

the same time, however, participants in the interview 

group also voiced similar beliefs at similar rates. 

Conclusions 

Social science researchers might consider 

capitalizing on researcher effects by incorporating 

smartphone-based interventions or experimental 

designs to test theories of social behavior; these types 

of smartphone-based interventions are increasingly 

prominent in other disciplines, particularly health. As 

social and communication tools, smartphones are well 

suited to social science interventions. 



November 2016 

The Great Experiment: 

Realigning Criminal Justice in California and Beyond 

Charis E. Kubrin 1 , & Carroll Seron 

Kubrin, C. E., & Seron, C. (2016). Special issue of the ANNALS of the American 

Academy of Political and Social Science, 664. 

1 ckubrin@uci.edu 

Until recently, the state of California was home 

to the nation’s largest state prison system. 

California’s prison population peaked at 173,000 

in 2006, despite the fact that its prisons were designed 

to hold a maximum of 79,858 people. In 2011, 

the Supreme Court decided that prison conditions 

in California were tantamount to cruel and unusual 

punishment and required the State to bring its prison 

population down to 137.5 percent of design capacity 

by reducing the rolls by some 33,000 inmates over a 

two-year timeframe. In response, California enacted 

a controversial law -Public Safety Realignment - 

which transferred responsibility for lower-level felony 

offenders from the state correctional system to 58 

county jail and probation systems. Today, there are 

146,000 fewer Californians supervised either in prison, 

jail, parole, or probation than there were prior to 

Realignment. The realignment of California corrections 

has been described as “the biggest criminal justice 

experiment ever conducted in America.” How did 

California end up in the Supreme Court? How has 

Realignment been implemented in the State? Is the 

Realignment experiment working? Going forward, 

what can we learn from California? 

Objectives 

With funding from the National Science Foundation, 

the University of California Office of the President, and 

the University of California, Irvine, we held a two-day 

workshop on prison downsizing and criminal justice 

reform at UCI in October of 2014. The goal of the 

workshop was to catalyze an interdisciplinary research 

agenda to address a series of questions about 

Realignment and its impact and to produce findings 

that can be valuable to an array of stakeholders, 

from the Governor to local officials charged with 

implementing Realignment. We conceived of this as a 

discussion of the arc of Realignment, from the “cause 

lawyering” initiative and the Constitutional questions at 

play to its impact on crime and criminal justice policy 

and practice. Findings were published in a special 

issue of the ANNALS. This volume of The ANNALS 

is the first systematic, scientific analysis of the recent 

realignment of California corrections. 


New historical research describes the social 

conditions that undergirded California’s prison buildup, 

a politics of avoidance and passing the buck that 

influenced decades of policy choices about crime 

and punishment, and the role of public interest 

lawyers in developing and sustaining the legal 

claims that led to the 2011 Supreme Court decision. 

Reductions in California incarcerations were neither 

politically expedient nor particularly popular. Years 

of sustained (and barely funded) “cause lawyering” 

was necessary to shepherd change. Historical 

analysis also suggests that humanitarian and legal 

challenges to hyper-incarceration were aided by the 

Great Recession; an extraordinary need for austerity 

and financial prudence set the stage for difficult policy 

decision-making. 

The great shift in responsibility for low-level 

offenders from the state to the counties is a remarkable 

(and rare) example of devolution of power and 

authority. Implementation of Realignment has varied 

considerably across counties:some have chosen to 

reduce prison populations by adding more bed space 

in jails, while others have elected to place more 

individuals on probation, and still others have provided 

greater rehabilitative services to parolees. Despite 

this variation, it is clear that California has progressed 

rapidly toward its goal of reducing its prison population 

and complying with the Supreme Court order. 

Is California becoming more dangerous because 

of Realignment? The empirical work published here 

suggests that it is not. New research on crime 

in the aftermath of Realignment shows that prison 

downsizing has had negligible consequences for crime, 

one way or another. As one expert puts it, the 

criminogenic consequences of Realignment “have 

been so far both modest and benign.” County-level 

analyses suggest that the release of low-level felony 

offenders from state to local governments may actually 

improve recidivism outcomes, depending on the 

approach that local governments take. Counties that 

put resources into reentry services and programs have 

seen better recidivism outcomes than those that put 

money into more police, sheriffs, or jail beds. 



Richard McCleary, David McDowall 1 , & Brad Bartos 2 


November 2016 

McCleary, R., et al. (Forthcoming, 2017). Oxford University Press. 

1 SUNY Albany 2 bbartos@uci.edu 


develops a comprehensive set of models and 

methods for drawing causal inferences from 

time series. Situations where the added expense 

of a time series design is warranted fall into two 

overlapping categories. The first category consists 

of situations where the nature of the underlying 

phenomenon is obscured by trends and cycles. 

A well-constructed time series model may reveal 

the nature of the underlying phenomenon. The 

second category consists of situations where a known 

intervention and an appropriate control time series 

are available. In those situations, a well-designed 

time series experiment can support explicitly causal 

inferences that are not supported by less expensive 

before-after designs. Example analyses of social, 

behavioral, and biomedical time series illustrate a 

general strategy for building AutoRegressive Integrated 

Moving Average (ARIMA) impact models. 

Forecasting 

While the ”best” ARIMA model will outperform other 

forecasting models in the short and medium-run, 

long-horizon ARIMA forecasts grow increasingly 

inaccurate with diminished utility to the forecaster. 

Although the principles of forecasting help provide 

deeper insight into the nature of ARIMA models and 

modeling, the forecasts themselves are ordinarily of 

limited practical value. Forecasting can provide useful 

guidance to analysts choosing between two competing 

univariate models. 

While forecasting accuracy is 

only one of many criteria that might be considered, 

other things being equal, it is fair to say that a 

statistically adequate model of a process should 

provide reasonable forecasts of the future. 

ARIMA Modeling 

The general ARIMA model can be written as the sum 

of noise and exogenous components. If an exogenous 

impact is trivially small, the noise component can 

be identified with the conventional modeling strategy. 

If the impact is non-trivial or unknown, the sample 

AutoCorrelation Function (ACF) will be distorted in 

unknown ways. Although this problem can be solved 

most simply when the outcome of interest time series 

is long and well-behaved, these time series are 

unfortunately uncommon. The preferred alternative 

requires that the structure of the intervention is known, 

allowing the noise function to be identified from the 

residualized time series. Although few substantive 

theories specify the ”true” structure of the intervention, 

most specify the dichotomous onset and duration of an 

impact. The classic Box-Jenkins-Tiao model-building 

strategy is supplemented with recent auxiliary tests for 

transformation, differencing and model selection. 

Validity & Causal Inference 

The validity of causal inferences is approached 

from two complementary directions. The four-validity 

system of Cook and Campbell relies on ruling out 

discrete threats to statistical conclusion, internal, 

construct and external validity. The common threats to 

statistical conclusion validity or, ”validity of inferences 

about the correlation (covariance) between treatment 

and outcome”, can arise or become plausible through 

either model misspecification or through hypothesis 

testing. 

Rubin Causality & Synthetic Controls 

Under the assumption that subjects were randomly 

assigned to the treatment and control groups, Rubin’s 

causal model allows one to estimate the unobserved 

causal parameter from observed data. The Rubin 

system causal model relies on the identification 

of a control time series chosen so as to render 

plausible threats to internal validity implausible. 

An appropriate control time series may not exist, 

however, an ideal time series may be possible to 

construct. The two approaches to causal validity 

are shown to be complementary and are illustrated 

with a construction of a synthetic control time series. 

Synthetic Control Group models construct a control 

time series that optimally recreates the treated unit’s 

pre-intervention trend using a combination of untreated 

donor pool units. Example analyses make optimal 

use of graphical illustrations. Mathematical methods 

used in the example analyses are explicated in 

technical appendices, including expectation algebra, 

sequences and series, maximum likelihood, Box-Cox 

transformation analyses and probability 


The Threatening Nature of “Rap” 

Adam Dunbar 1 , Charis E. Kubrin, & Nicholas Scurich 


November 2016 

Dunbar, A., et al. (2016). Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 22(3), 280-292. 

1 dunbara@uci.edu 

In 2013, university student and aspiring rapper, 

Olutosin Oduwole, was charged with making a 

terrorist threat after the police found a slip of paper 

in his car. The paper had multiple rap verses on one 

side and unrhymed lyrics on the other side, lyrics 

which described a “murderous rampage similar to 

the Virginia Tech shooting.” Even though Oduwole 

explained that the verses were simply notes for a new 

rap song he was working on and even though he did 

not communicate a threat to anyone, he was charged 

with communicating a terrorist threat. Some years 

later, a jury found him guilty and he was sentenced 

to five years in prison. Oduwole’s case reflects a new 

disturbing trend–police and prosecutors are treating 

rap lyrics as an admission of guilt or evidence of intent 

to commit a crime, rather than as art or entertainment. 

These cases typically involve aspiring rappers–nearly 

all of whom are young black men from impoverished 

communities–who are mimicking the lyrical style and 

content of more famous rappers. Critics fear that 

prosecutors adopt this strategy because jurors may 

not understand the history and genre conventions of 

rap music, and instead, may rely on stereotypes when 

evaluating the threatening and autobiographical nature 

of the lyrics. Next to no research has directly tested 

the impact of rap music stereotypes on evaluations of 

violent lyrics. The current study addresses this gap in 

the literature. 

Methodology 

This study presents 3 experiments that examine the 

impact of genre-specific stereotypes on the evaluation 

of violent song lyrics by manipulating the musical 

genre while holding constant the actual lyrics. In 

•Adam Dunbar, PhD Candidate, received the 2016 Student Paper 

Award from the Division of Experimental Criminology of the American 

Society of Criminology for his work on ”The Threatening Nature of 

Rap Music.” 

•Professor Charis Kubrin gave a TEDx talk about her work on the use 

of rap lyrics in the courtroom. Click here to watch. 

study 1, participants were randomly assigned to one 

of two conditions, which experimentally manipulated 

the genre of the lyrics (rap or country). However, all 

participants read the same violent lyrics. After reading 

the lyrics, participants evaluated them by responding 

to 14 different items related to the offensiveness of the 

lyrics, the threatening nature of the lyrics, the literality 

of the lyrics (or how true the lyrics were perceived to 

be by respondents), and the need for the song to be 

regulated. Study 2 was a conceptual replication of 

study 1, wherein the same study design was employed 

but with a different set of lyrics. Study 3 experimentally 

manipulated the genre label of the lyrics as well as the 

race of the author of the lyrics in order to disentangle 

the genre label effect with any potential race effect. 

The third study also added a control condition where 

no genre label was noted in order to test whether the 

country label engenders positive or neutral evaluations 

and rap negative evaluations. 


Study 1 found that participants deemed identical 

lyrics more literal, offensive, and in greater need 

of regulation when they were characterized as rap 

rather than country. Study 2 again detected this effect 

with a different set of violent lyrics, underscoring the 

robustness of the effect. For study 3, a main effect 

was detected for the genre, with rap evaluated more 

negatively than country and the “no label” control 

condition. However, no effects were found for the race 

of the lyrics’ author nor were interactions detected. 

Collectively, these findings highlight the possibility that 

rap lyrics could inappropriately impact jurors when 

admitted as evidence to prove guilt. 

Additional information 



November 2016 

Schools and Neighborhood Crime: 

The Effects of Dropouts, Graduate Rates, and Test Scores on Youth 

Crime 

Julie Gerlinger 1 , & John R. Hipp 

Gerlinger, J., & Hipp, J. R. Manuscript under review. 

1 jgerlinger@uci.edu 

From a criminological perspective, attachment to 

school indicates a commitment to conventional 

beliefs and goals and is a means of deviance 

avoidance. Studies on the effects of schools on 

neighborhood crime have generally focused on the 

simple presence of or distance to a school rather than 

individual school characteristics. Additionally, previous 

work utilizes crime, as opposed to juvenile crime, to 

investigate this phenomenon–a practice we call into 

question 

Objectives 

We focus on three school characteristics that, 

according to social disorganization and routine activity 

theories, might affect local crime. More specifically, 

we use negative binomial and logistic regression 

models to estimate the effects of high school 

dropouts, graduate rates, and test scores on juvenile 

crime using Orange County, CA as a research site. 

crosswalk provided by CDE. Demographic data come 

from Census and the American Community Survey 

(ACS), and point crime data were collected from the 

Orange County Sheriff’s Department. For block-level 

data that were not provided by Census or ACS, these 

data were imputed using information about the block 

groups. We generate a two-mile spatial buffer with 

an inverse distance decay function for each school 

characteristic so that any school within these buffers 

is associated with the focal block. 

Figure 1: Public High Schools in the Orange County 

Sheriff’s Department Patrol Area 

Methods 

We combine a number of datasets to create 

block-level data from 2000 to 2012. Several school 

datasets were retrieved from the California Department 

of Education (CDE), which we merge with geographic 

identifiers from Common Core for Data using a 

Figure 2: Two-Mile Spatial Buffer Example 

Results 

We find that areas with a higher number of dropouts 

are associated with increased juvenile crime (i.e., 

aggravated assault, burglary, and robbery), but schools 

with high graduate rates or test scores seem to have 

no significant effect on local crime. We also compare 

models that predict juvenile crime with models that 

predict crime, generally, and argue that juvenile crime 

is the theoretically appropriate crime measure. 

Conclusions 

Our study’s findings, in conjunction with the 

numerous long-term socioeconomic benefits reported 

for those who complete high school, stresses the 

importance of keeping students engaged in school. 

We encourage schools to attempt to detect early 

warning signs while the student is in middle school and 

intervene before it results in serious problem behaviors. 

To interrupt this process is to provide the student, the 

student’s family, and the community with an opportunity 

for a safer and brighter future. 


CLS @ ASC 


November 2016 

American Society of Criminology Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA, November 16-19th, 2016 

Time Title Authors Place 

Wednesday, November 16th 

8:00 to 9:20am Can At-Risk Youth be Diverted from Crime? A Meta-Analysis of 

Jennifer Wong, Jessica Bouchard, Jason Gravel, Cambridge, 2nd Level 

Restorative Diversion Programs 

Martin Bouchard, and Carlo Morselli 

8:00 to 9:20am Policing the Mentally Ill in Los Angeles Natalie A. Pifer Marlborough B, 2nd Level 

8:00 to 9:20am Prison Displacements and Life After Mass Incarceration for the Elderly Anjuli C. Verma Marlborough B, 2nd Level 

9:30 to 10:50am A Call for Action: Examining How Residents Mobilize to Effectively James Wo 

Prince of Wales, 2nd Level 

Combat Crime 

9:30 to 10:50am Slumcare and the Fail-State Kenneth A. Cruz Quarterdeck A, Riverside Complex 

11:00 to 12:20pm The Varying Effects of Incarceration, Conviction, and Arrest on Wealth Michelle Maroto, and Bryan Sykes 

Grand Salon 9, 1st Level 

Outcomes Among Young Adults 

12:30 to 1:50pm Police Brutality and the Ungendering of Black Women Afiya Browne Fulton, 3rd Level 

12:30 to 1:50pm White-Collar Crime and Garland’s Culture of Control Puma Shen Port, Riverside Complex 

2:00 to 3:20pm Gang Identity, Performance, and Conflict Transformation in the Online Jenny West-Fagan 

Grand Ballroom A, 1st Level 

World 

2:00 to 3:20pm Frank Tannenbaum: The Making of a Convict Criminologist Elliott Currie Grand Salon 10, 1st Level 

2:00 to 3:20pm Progressive Punishment: Job Loss, Jail Growth and the Neoliberal Logic Keramet Reiter 

Steering, Riverside Complex 

of Carceral Expansion 

3:30 to 4:50pm Criminology so white? How race/ethnicity is represented, presented, Amanda M. Petersen, and Jody Sundt 


and discussed in criminology and criminal justice research 

3:30 to 4:50pm Wrongful Conviction Reforms in the United States and the United C. Ronald Huff, and Michael Naughton Grand Salon 12, 1st Level 

Kingdom: Taking Stock 

3:30 to 4:50pm The Wrong Crowd Effect: Is Police Targeting Contagious? Jason Gravel Marlborough A, 2nd Level 

3:30 to 4:50pm Future-Proofing, Collateral Hardening and Decreasing Room for Error in Lori Sexton, Keramet Reiter, and Jennifer Grand Salon 6, 1st Level 

Danish Prisons 

Sumner 

3:30 to 4:50pm Crack as Proxy: Aggressive Federal Prosecutions as Institutional Marisa Omori, and Mona Lynch 

Grand Ballroom B, 1st Level 

Racism? 

5:00 to 6:20pm Aid-in-Dying Legal Reform: An Analysis of Three Countries John Dombrink Grand Ballroom A, 1st Level 

Thursday, November 17th 

8:00 to 9:20am Aiyana Stanley-Jones Jasmine Montgomery Grand Salon 24, 1st Level 

8:00 to 9:20am Discourse, Logic, and Decision-Making in Parole Eligibility Hearings Kristen Maziarka, and Emma Conner Grand Salon 18, 1st Level 

9:30 to 10:50am Dog Whistles No More: (R)(E)Racing Borders and the Preservation of Kasey C. Ragan, and Raymond Michalowski Grand Salon 9, 1st Level 

the Wages of Whiteness 

9:30 to 10:50am How Does the Spatial Distribution of Urban Growth Impact Crime Across Kevin Kane, and John R. Hipp 

Grand Ballroom C, 1st Level 

Cities? 

9:30 to 10:50am Whither Park or Withering Park? Extending Research on the Nicholas Branic, Charis Kubrin, and John R. Grand Ballroom C, 1st Level 

Parks-Crime Relationship 

Hipp 

9:30 to 10:50am Different than the Sum of its Parts: Examining the Unique Impacts of Charis Kubrin, John R. Hipp, and Young-An Kim Grand Ballroom C, 1st Level 

Immigrant Groups on Neighborhood Crime Rates 

9:30 to 10:50am Third Places and the Development of Social Cohesion across Seth Williams 

Grand Ballroom C, 1st Level 

Neighborhood Types 

12:30 to 1:50pm Unleashing the Power of Open Government Datasets in Criminology Christopher Jay Bates, and John R. Hipp Chequers, 2nd Level 

12:30 to 1:50pm Addressing Myths Associated with Sex Crimes and Sex Offenders Donna Vandiver, and Jeremy Braithwaite Warwick, 3rd Level 

12:30 to 1:50pm Discount or Tax? A Real World Conceptualization of Plea Bargaining Mona Lynch Fulton, 3rd Level 

12:30 to 1:50pm The Fair Fight: Contextualizing Procedural Justice in a Veterans Nicole Sherman 


Treatment Court 

12:30 to 1:50pm Miami Vice: Unpacking the Drug Activity and Neighborhood Violent Christopher Contreras, and John R. Hipp Chequers, 2nd Level 

Crime Nexus’ 

12:30 to 1:50pm Building a Crime Prediction Model: Distinguishing between fast and slow John R. Hipp, and Christopher Jay Bates Chequers, 2nd Level 

dynamics over various contexts 

12:30 to 1:50pm Living on the Edges: Examining Crime Patterns of Street Segments on Young-An Kim, and John R. Hipp 

Chequers, 2nd Level 

the Spatial Boundaries 

3:30 to 4:50pm Eating Their Own: Police Responses to Excessive Use of Force Peter A. Hanink, Geoff Ward, and Anjuli C. Grand Salon 16, 1st Level 

Verma 

3:30 to 4:50pm How Rural California Counties Have Been Impacted by California’s Susan Turner 


Public Safety Realignment 

3:30 to 4:50pm Crook County: Racism and Injustice in America’s Largest Criminal Court Dallas Augustine Chart A, Riverside Complex 

5:00 to 6:20pm A Correctional Culture of Masculinity or Survival? Gendered Daniel Scott, Amy M. Magnus, and Cheryl Quarterdeck A, Riverside Complex 

Perspectives of Violence Involvement Among Incarcerated Youth Maxson 

5:00 to 6:20pm Twenty-Two Years After the Passage of VAWA: A Comparative Case Fei Yang 

Bridge, Riverside Complex 

Study on Domestic Violence 

6:00 to 7:00pm Spatially Diverse Policing: An Examination of Police Typologies across John R. Hipp 


Space and Time 

6:00 to 7:00pm Medical Marijuana and Motor Vehicle Fatalities: A Synthetic Control Bradley Bartos, and Richard M. McCleary Grand Ballroom A, 1st Level 

Approach to Californias Compassionate Use Act 

6:00 to 7:00pm Equality and Inequality in the News: Gender differences in Print Media Kelsey Gushue, Jennifer Wong, and Jason Grand Ballroom A, 1st Level 

Portrayal of Homicide Perpetrators 

Gravel 

6:00 to 7:00pm Predicting Image Inclusion and Image Type in Newspaper Homicide Walter Works, Jennifer Wong, and Jason Gravel Grand Ballroom A, 1st Level 

Reports Using Established Crime Reporting Themes 

7:15 to 8:15pm Exploring the Relationship Between Airbnb and Neighborhood Crime Michelle D. Mioduszewski, and Christopher Jay Grand Ballroom A, 1st Level 

Bates 

7:15 to 8:15pm Examining Privileged Drug Use: An Analysis of Congressional Hearings 

on Ecstasy 

Sofia Laguna 



Time Title Authors Place 

Friday November 18th 

8:00 to 9:20am The Internalized Effects of a Criminal Record: The Impact of 


November 2016 

Dallas Augustine 

Jackson, 3rd Level 

Incarceration on Job-Seeking and Desistance from Crime after Prison 

9:30 to 10:50am Violent Crime and Immigrant Revitalization and Influx in the South: James Bernard Pratt 


Contending with a Southern Culture of Violence and Exclusion 

9:30 to 10:50am A Tribute to the Scholarship and Spirit of the Late Nicole Hahn Rafter Geoff Ward Port, Riverside Complex 

11:00 to 12:20pm The Patterns and Prevalence of Civil Gang Injunctions in the United Alyssa M. Heckmann 


States in 2012 

11:00 to 12:20pm Crossing Over or Crossing Out America’s Youth? Specialized Courts, 

Specialized Justice, and the Realities of Dual-Involvement in the Child 

Welfare and Juvenile Delinquency Systems 

Amy M. Magnus 

Jefferson Ballroom, 3rd Level 

11:00 to 12:20pm The Social and Passive Nature of Illegal Gun Transactions in Los 

Angeles 

George Tita, Keramet Reiter, Natalie A. 

Pifer, Jason Gravel, Nicole Sherman, Melissa 

Barragan, and Kelsie Chestnut 

Elliott Currie 


12:30 to 1:50pm Critical Criminology in Unjust Times (Organized by Division on Critical 

Criminology) 

Chart A, Riverside Complex 

12:30 to 1:50pm The Crime of All Crimes: Toward a Criminology of Genocide Geoff Ward Grand Salon 15, 1st Level 

2:00 to 3:20pm The Deportability of the Central American Undocumented Community: Jose Alfredo Torres 


Immigrant Right Advocates Perceptions, Experiences, and Realities 

2:00 to 3:20pm Teaching Race From a Place of Privilege Jaimee Limmer, and Kasey C. Ragan Warwick, 3rd Level 

2:00 to 3:20pm Do Uniforms Matter? Experimental Evidence from the Police Officer Rylan Simpson 

Grand Ballroom B, 1st Level 

Perception Project (POPP) 

2:00 to 3:20pm Youth Mobilization and School Criminalization: An Ethnographic Case Analicia Mejia Mesinas 


Study of Student Activism in Los Angeles 

2:00 to 3:20pm Reclaiming Indigeneity Amongst Chicano Prison Inmates Anna Diaz Villela Grand Salon 4, 1st Level 

3:30 to 4:50pm Suicide Rates in Happy Places: Is There a Paradox? Tim Wadsworth, Philip Pendergast, and Charis Jefferson Ballroom, 3rd Level 

Kubrin 

3:30 to 4:50pm A Replication Study of Police-Involved Homicides Employing Unofficial, Matthew Renner, and Peter A. Hanink 


Crowd-Sourced Data 

7:00 to 9:00pm University of California, Irvine Reception 

River, Riverside Complex 

Saturday, November 19th 

8:00 to 9:20am Exclusionary Discipline and Neighborhood Crime Julie Gerlinger Quarterdeck C, Riverside Complex 

8:00 to 9:20am The Great Experiment: Realigning Criminal Justice in California and Charis Kubrin 


Beyond 

8:00 to 9:20am The Great Experiment: Realigning Criminal Justice in California and Carroll Seron 


Beyond 

11:00 to 12:20pm The Threatening Nature of Rap Adam Dunbar, Charis Kubrin, and Nicholas Parish, 3rd Level 

Scurich 

11:00 to 12:20pm Arts-in-Corrections: Beyond Traditional Rehabilitative Programming Emma Conner, Gabriela Gonzalez, Marina Bell, 

and Laura Pecenco 

Newberry, 3rd Level

Criminology Law & Society Research Newsletter

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