St. Marks NWR Comprehensive Conservation Plan - U.S. Fish and ...

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LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Public and conservation lands near St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge ..............................11 Table 2. Regional extent of intensive silviculture activity....................................................................12 Table 3. Climatological data for St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge...................................................25 Table 4. Geolo0gic time chart - Cenozoic Era....................................................................................26 Table 5. Land use summary - natural community types in ascending order of area represented ......41 Table 6. Invasive exotic plant species found in Florida and known to occur on the refuge................44 Table 7. Peak observed waterfowl use of refuge impoundments, 1994-95 through 2002-03 ............46 Table 8. St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge Research Natural Area designations ............................51 Table 9. Acreage of managed refuge impoundments.........................................................................60 Table 10. Acreage of managed refuge wetland areas........................................................................60 Table 11. Socioeconomic profile - U.S. Census 2000 ........................................................................62 Table 12. 1995 land use: percent of total land in county ....................................................................63 Table 13. Direct economic benefit of St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge to the local economy.........70 Table 14. Summary of project costs - Alternative 2 ..........................................................................119 Table 15. Approximate annual costs of proposed staff positions - Alternative 2 ..............................121 Table 16. St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge step-down management plans and completion dates ........................................................................................................................................124 Table 17. A comparison of the goals and objectives associated with each alternative ....................139 Table 18. A comparison of the alternatives according to the priority issues associated with each goal. ........................................................................................................................................152 vi St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge
ST. MARKS NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE VISION STATEMENT The St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge will be a model for conserving the natural diversity of plants and animals, preserving cultural resources, and providing opportunities for research, environmental education, and quality outdoor recreation. The refuge will link other North Florida wildlands with vital habitat for threatened and endangered species, migratory birds, and resident wildlife, and it will protect the rich resources of Apalachee Bay. Conservation of the natural health and beauty of the refuge is our promise to the community and future generations.
Page 1: DRAFT COMPREHENSIVE CONSERVATION PL
Page 4 and 5: ii Recreation Economics............
Page 6 and 7: SECTION C. APPENDICES I. GLOSSARY..
Page 11 and 12: SECTION A. DRAFT COMPREHENSIVE CONS
Page 13 and 14: Figure 1. National Wildlife Refuges
Page 15 and 16: II. The Refuge INTRODUCTION St. Mar
Page 17 and 18: Sopchoppy River Monkey Creek State
Page 19 and 20: PURPOSES OF THE REFUGE Under Execut
Page 21 and 22: Table 1. Public and conservation la
Page 23 and 24: Marks and Aucilla rivers, the Natio
Page 25 and 26: ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT RECOVERY PLA
Page 27 and 28: states; (6) bay health; (7) watersh
Page 29 and 30: Figure 7. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Se
Page 31 and 32: Figure 8. St. Marks National Wildli
Page 33 and 34: Longleaf pine forests and savannahs
Page 35 and 36: The 40-year (1961-2000) normal, ave
Page 37 and 38: Figure 9. Geology of north central
Page 39 and 40: SURFACE AND GROUND WATER QUALITY Wa
Page 41 and 42: The Wakulla River also has problems
Page 43 and 44: and attribute at a scale of 1:5,000
Page 45 and 46: Figure 12. St. Marks Unit natural c
Page 47 and 48: Figure 13. Wakulla Unit natural com
Page 49 and 50: Figure 14. Panacea Unit natural com
Page 51 and 52: Table 5. Land use summary - natural
Page 53 and 54: EXOTIC PLANT SPECIES The refuge sta
Page 55 and 56: FISH AND WILDLIFE/FAUNA Birds The d
Page 57 and 58: are listed in the most recent (1983
Page 59 and 60:
Other exotic animals, including the
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Purple Bankclimber. This bivalve mo
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FEDERAL WILDERNESS DESIGNATION AND
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Figure 16. St. Marks National Wildl
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to a unique hardwood area. Currentl
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In the fall, Mounds #1, Mounds #3,
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esidents of all four counties work
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Wildlife Observation and Photograph
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Figure 19. Wakulla Unit visitor ser
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Boat ramps at the Aucilla River, li
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landowners. There are nine voluntee
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Georgia border. Because sea levels
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A railroad, built between Tallahass
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III. Planning Issues INTRODUCTION T
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options for manipulating the pools
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IV. Management Direction INTRODUCTI
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REFUGE GOALS, OBJECTIVES, AND STRAT
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Objective 7: Protect natural wetlan
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diverse sites off refuge (e.g., wet
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Objective 4: Monitor the nesting ba
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are necessary to reduce boat collis
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Strategies: • Maintain at least t
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• By 2018, determine habitat need
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Figure 23. Wakulla Unit visitor ser
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• Promote refuge messages by incr
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Strategies: • By 2007, design and
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Objective 3: By 2008, the refuge wi
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and found no areas that meet the el
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interagency fire program. This syst
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V. Plan Implementation INTRODUCTION
Page 123 and 124:
5. Survey, Document, Monitor, and E
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needed personnel from routine dutie
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17. Enhance Interpretation and Outr
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Table 14. Summary of project costs
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Table 15. Approximate annual costs
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PARTNERSHIP OPPORTUNITIES To achiev
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Visitor Services Management Plan Th
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comprehensive conservation plan, or
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SECTION B. DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSE
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II. Affected Environment For a desc
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III. Alternatives FORMULATION OF AL
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Page 147 and 148:
ALTERNATIVE 2 - PREFERRED ALTERNATI
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Table 17. A comparison of the goals
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� Goal 1. Wildlife Habitat and Po
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Goal 2. Threatened, endangered, rar
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Goal 4. Visitor Services Provide an
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Goal 4. Visitor Services Provide an
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Goal 6. Protection of Wilderness Ma
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Goal 7. Refuge Administration Provi
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Issues relating to Goal 1 - Habitat
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Issues relating to Goal 1 - Habitat
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Issues relating to Goal 2 - Endange
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Issues relating to Goal 3 - Migrato
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Issues relating to Goal 4 - Visitor
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Issues relating to Goal 5 - Cultura
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Issues relating to Goal 7 - Refuge
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IV. Environmental Consequences EFFE
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Alternatives 2 and 3 may have short
Page 181 and 182:
gains achieved would be gradually l
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WILDLIFE AND PROTECTED SPECIES Unde
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space around structures and borderi
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classes held on the refuge, photo c
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public use, which increases litteri
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V. Consultation and Coordination Se
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Heidi Hubbs, Fire Management Office
Page 195 and 196:
SECTION C. APPENDICES I. Glossary A
Page 197 and 198:
Cooperative Agreement A legal instr
Page 199 and 200:
Hydrological Involving water flows
Page 201 and 202:
Partnership A mutually beneficial,
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Wilderness Area Congress defined Wi
Page 205 and 206:
II. References and Literature Cited
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Florida First: Base Papers Natural
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Milanich, Jerald T. 1995. Florida I
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Sharitz, Rebecca R. and J. W. Gibbo
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U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 200
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III. Legal Mandates NATIONAL WILDLI
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1964--Wilderness Act, as amended. D
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1978--American Indian Religious Act
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1995--EO 12962, Recreational Fisher
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IV. Flora and Fauna The following t
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IMPERILED SPECIES’ CONSERVATION R
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Common Name Red-cockaded woodpecker
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Seasons/Occurrences Magnificent Fri
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Seasons/Occurrences Hooded Merganse
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Seasons/Occurrences Black-necked St
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Seasons/Occurrences Cukoos Black-bi
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Seasons/Occurrences American Crow*
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Seasons/Occurrences Warblers Blue-w
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Seasons/Occurrences Vesper Sparrow
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The following species are of such a
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Common Name Bronze Frog Pig frog Ri
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Common Name Eastern Indigo Snake Co
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Common Name Florida Red-bellied Coo
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Common Name Mammals Large-sized Mam
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Common Name Crevalle jack Bull shar
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Common Name Lined seahorse Dwarf se
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Common Name Gulf toadfish Pigfish B
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BUTTERFLY LIST, ST. MARKS NATIONAL
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Common Name Scientific Name Period
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Common Name Scientific Name Eastern
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Common Name Scientific Name Slimlea
Page 267 and 268:
Common Name Scientific Name New Jer
Page 269 and 270:
Common Name Scientific Name Pinebar
Page 271 and 272:
Common Name Scientific Name Plumegr
Page 273 and 274:
Common Name Scientific Name Spoonle
Page 275 and 276:
Common Name Scientific Name Saltmar
Page 277 and 278:
Common Name Scientific Name Creepin
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Common Name Scientific Name Maidenc
Page 281 and 282:
Common Name Scientific Name Orange
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Common Name Scientific Name Fringed
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Common Name Scientific Name Fringed
Page 287 and 288:
Common Name Scientific Name Rice bu
Page 289 and 290:
Common Name Scientific Name Baldwin
Page 291 and 292:
Common Name Sugarberry Common butto
Page 293 and 294:
Common Name Myrtle dahoon American
Page 295 and 296:
Common Name Loblolly pine Waterelm
Page 297 and 298:
Common Name Bigleaf snowbell Common
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Common Name Compact dodder Lax horn
Page 301 and 302:
Common Name Dwarf palmetto Coastal
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Common Name Marsh fimbry Hydrilla M
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Common Name Coastalplain sedge Amer
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Common Name Red maple Peppervine Sw
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Common Name Swamp rose Carolina wil
Page 311 and 312:
Common Name Green wood orchid Yello
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Conservation Tier/Action Level; Tie
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Conservation Tier/Action Level; Tie
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Conservation Tier/Action Level; IV
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DESCRIPTIONS OF NATURAL COMMUNITY T
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There are also mesic flatwoods site
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area and cabbage palmetto comprisin
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V. Public Involvement This appendix
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Defenders of Wildlife, Washington,
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Public Use Management: • Support
Page 331 and 332:
• High grass on dikes is hard to
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This fact sheet was developed and d
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This fact sheet was developed and d
Page 337 and 338:
VI. Compatibility Determinations Re
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Anticipated Impacts of the Use: The
Page 341 and 342:
Anticipated Impacts of the Use: Imp
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Other areas of the refuge may be cl
Page 345 and 346:
Wakulla Unit service roads with per
Page 347 and 348:
Public Review Comment: This compati
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X Use is Compatible with Following
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Determination (check one below): __
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Public Review Comment: This compati
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during timber harvests; however, as
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___ Categorical Exclusion and Envir
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Johnson, E. et al. 1997. The Preval
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VII. Conservation Easements and Fee
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VIII. Exotic Species Locations and
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Map Number Primary Pest Species Sci
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Map Number Primary Pest Species Sci
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St. Marks Unit exotic species infes
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Wakulla Unit exotic species infesta
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Panacea Unit exotic species infesta
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IX. Existing and Potential Partners
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Wakulla County Red Cross Tallahasse
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X. Inventory and Monitoring Efforts
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Surdick/University of Florida, Cent
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XI. Wilderness Review Summary Wilde
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Figure 33. Lands evaluated as poten
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within the inventory area west of t
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XII. Intra-Service Section 7 Biolog
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There are few documented records of
Page 393 and 394:
B. bald eagle Actions to minimize i
Page 395:
IX. Reviewing Ecological Services O
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