Technical Note #32 - Use of Nuclear Gauges for - NATA

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© Copyright National Association of Testing Authorities, Australia 2011 All intellectual property rights in this publication are the property of the National Association of Testing Authorities, Australia (NATA). Users of this publication acknowledge that they do not have the right to use this material without written permission from NATA. This publication is protected by copyright under the Commonwealth of Australia Copyright Act 1968. You must not modify copy, reproduce, republish, frame, upload to a third party, store in a retrieval system, post, transmit or distribute this content in any way or any form or by any means, except as expressly authorised by NATA.
Technical Note 32 - Use of Nuclear Gauges for Testing Soils and Asphalt Contents 1. Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................................................4 2. Test Methods......................................................................................................................................................................................4 3. Principles of Operation .......................................................................................................................................................................4 4. Measurement Modes..........................................................................................................................................................................5 4.1 Direct Transmission Mode .....................................................................................................................................................5 4.2 Backscatter Mode ..................................................................................................................................................................6 4.3 Moisture Measurement Mode ................................................................................................................................................7 5. Calibration of Gauges.........................................................................................................................................................................8 6. Nuclear Gauge Checks in the Laboratory ..........................................................................................................................................9 6.1 Standard Count Check (Form 1a Troxler and Humboldt, Form 1b CPN) ..............................................................................9 6.2 Gauge Function Checks ......................................................................................................................................................10 6.2.1 Drift Test.................................................................................................................................................................10 6.3 Consistency Check (Form 2) ...............................................................................................................................................11 6.3.1 Initial Check............................................................................................................................................................11 6.3.2 Monthly Check........................................................................................................................................................11 6.4 Leak and Radiation Level Tests ..........................................................................................................................................12 7. Use of Gauges..................................................................................................................................................................................12 7.1 Maximum Particle Size of Material to be Tested .................................................................................................................12 7.2 Density Range to be Tested ................................................................................................................................................12 7.3 Density/Moisture Offsets......................................................................................................................................................13 7.4 Checking of Services ...........................................................................................................................................................13 7.5 Location of Test Sites ..........................................................................................................................................................13 7.6 Surface Preparation.............................................................................................................................................................13 7.6.1 Initial Preparation....................................................................................................................................................13 7.6.2 Source Rod Hole ....................................................................................................................................................14 7.6.3 Use of Sand/Fines from Tested Material................................................................................................................14 7.6.4 Roller Marks in Asphalt ..........................................................................................................................................14 7.7 Depth of Testing...................................................................................................................................................................14 7.7.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................14 7.7.2 Client Specified Depth............................................................................................................................................15 7.7.3 Unspecified Layer Thicknesses..............................................................................................................................15 7.7.4 Asphalt Thickness ..................................................................................................................................................15 7.7.5 Testing Over Pipes.................................................................................................................................................15 7.7.6 Importance of Locking Handle into Place...............................................................................................................16 7.8 Placement of the Probe in the Hole .....................................................................................................................................16 7.9 Counts..................................................................................................................................................................................16 7.9.1 Standard Counts ....................................................................................................................................................16 7.9.2 Density and Moisture Counts .................................................................................................................................16 7.9.3 Testing in Trenches................................................................................................................................................17 8. Radiation Safety ...............................................................................................................................................................................17 8.1 National Codes of Practice ..................................................................................................................................................17 8.2 State and Territory Radiation Safety Acts and Regulations.................................................................................................17 9. References .......................................................................................................................................................................................18 10. Notes....................................................................................................................................................................................18 10.1 Density.................................................................................................................................................................................18 10.2 Moisture ...............................................................................................................................................................................18 10.3 Location of Secondary Blocks..............................................................................................................................................18 10.4 Counts..................................................................................................................................................................................18 10.5 Asphalt Layers .....................................................................................................................................................................19 Appendix A: Standards Australia Test Methods ........................................................................................................................................20 Appendix B: Calibration Relationships.......................................................................................................................................................21 Appendix C: Worksheets ...........................................................................................................................................................................24 July 2011 Construction Materials Testing Page 3 of 30
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Technical Note #32 - Use of Nuclear Gauges for - NATA

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