FCC V Monographs / Tangerine Oil, Coldpressed / 465 a high proportion of saturated fatty acids and exhibiting greater flavor stability than lard or unhydrogenated vegetable oils. Rendered, alkali-refined, and bleached-deodorized <strong>Tallow</strong>s are white to off white solids at 21° to 27°. Alkali-refined and bleached-deodorized <strong>Tallow</strong>s, which are pale yellow to colorless and free of extraneous matter at 54°, differ from rendered <strong>Tallow</strong>, which is clear to hazy and may contain extraneous matter. Function Coating agent; texturizer. REQUIREMENTS Identification <strong>Tallow</strong> exhibits the following composition profile of fatty acids determined as directed under Fatty Acid Composition, Appendix VII. Fatty Acid:
466 / Tannic Acid / Monographs FCC V expression from the peels of the ripe fruit of the Dancy tangerine, Citrus nobilis or reticulata (Fam. Rutaceae), and from some other closely related varieties. It is soluble in most fixed oils and in mineral oil, slightly soluble in propylene glycol, and relatively insoluble in glycerin. It may contain a suitable antioxidant. Function Flavoring agent. REQUIREMENTS Identification The infrared absorption spectrum of the sample exhibits relative maxima at the same wavelengths as those of a typical spectrum as shown in the section on Infrared Spectra, using the same test conditions as specified therein. Aldehydes Between 0.8% and 1.9% of aldehydes, calculated as decyl aldehyde (C10H22O). Angular Rotation Between +88° and +96°. Refractive Index Between 1.473 and 1.476 at 20°. Residue on Evaporation Between 2.3% and 5.8%. Specific Gravity Between 0.844 and 0.854. TESTS Aldehydes Determine as directed in the Hydroxylamine/ Tert-Butyl Alcohol Method under Aldehydes and Ketones, Appendix VI, using about 10 g of sample, accurately weighed, and 78.13 as the equivalence factor (e) in the calculation. Allow the samples and the blank to stand at room temperature for 30 min after adding the hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution. Angular Rotation Determine as directed under Optical (Specific) Rotation, Appendix IIB, using a 100-mm tube. Refractive Index Determine as directed under Refractive Index, Appendix IIB, using an Abbé or other refractometer of equal or greater accuracy. Residue on Evaporation Determine as directed under Residue on Evaporation, Appendix VI, using a 5-g sample, and heating for 5 h. Specific Gravity Determine by any reliable method (see General Provisions). Packaging and Storage Store in a cool place protected from light in full, tight containers that are made from steel or aluminum and that are suitably lined. Tannic Acid Gallotannic Acid; Hydrolyzable Gallotannin INS: 181 CAS: [1401-55-4] FEMA: 3042 DESCRIPTION Tannic Acid occurs as an amorphous powder, as glistening scales, or as spongy masses, varying in color from yellow- white to light brown. It is odorless or has a faint, characteristic odor and an astringent taste. It is a complex polyphenolic organic structure that yields gallic acid and either glucose or quinic acid as hydrolysis products. It is obtained by solvent extraction from the nutgalls or the excrescences that form on the young twigs of Quercus infectoria Olivier and allied species of Quercus L. (Fam. Fagaceae); from the seed pods of Tara (Caesalpinia spinosa) (Fam. Leguminosa); or from the nutgalls of various sumac species, including Rhus semialata, R. coriaria, R. galabra, and R. typhia (Fam. Anacardiaceae). Tannic acid is very soluble in water, in acetone, and in alcohol; slightly soluble in absolute alcohol; and practically insoluble in chloroform, in ether, and in solvent hexane. One gram dissolves in about 1 mL of warm glycerin. Function Clarifying agent; flavoring agent; flavor enhancer; flavoring adjuvant. REQUIREMENTS Identification A. Add a small quantity of ferric chloride TS to a 1:10 aqueous solution. A blue-black color or precipitate forms. B. A sample solution, when added to a solution of an alkaloidal salt, albumin, or gelatin, produces a precipitate. Assay Not less than 96% of Tannic Acid, calculated on the dried basis. Gums or Dextrin Passes test. Lead Not more than 2 mg/kg. Loss on Drying Not more than 7.0%. Residue on Ignition Not more than 1.0%. Resinous Substances Passes test. TESTS Assay Sample Test Transfer about 2.0 g of sample, accurately weighed, into a 500-mL volumetric flask, and dissolve in and dilute to volume with water. Transfer 100 mL of this solution into a 300-mL Erlenmeyer flask, and add 7.2 g of Hide Powder (L. H. Lincoln & Son, Inc., or equivalent). Shake the flask for 20 min, let it stand for 20 min, and filter through a G4 filter, or equivalent. The filtrate should be clear. Pipet 50 mL of the filtrate into a tared crystallizing dish. Evaporate to dryness on a steam bath, and heat in an oven at 105° for 1 h. Cool in a desiccator, weigh, and calculate the weight difference. Blank Test Perform a blank test on each lot of Hide Powder. Transfer 7.2 g of Hide Powder EFT, accurately weighed, into a 300-mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 100 mL of water. Proceed as directed in the Sample Test, beginning with ‘‘Shake the flask for 20 min. . . .’’ Calculate the weight difference. Calculation Determine the percent of Tannic Acid by the formula [(A − B) × 1000]/W, in which A is the weight difference, in grams, found in the Sample Test; B is the weight difference, in grams, found in the Blank Test; and W is the weight, in grams, of sample, calculated on the dried basis.
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