Vetiveria Zizanioides (L.) - HerbalNet Digital Repository

umagaram, Naasiroganasathylum, Nilavembukudineer, Thiratchaathy chmranam,
Vallarai nei.
PHARMACOGNOSY
Roots are fibrous, wiry, upto 2 mm in diameter, longitudinally grooved, cream,
grey or light yellow to brown in colour; odour strong aromatic; taste slightly bitter.
Transverse section shows an epidermis composed of tangentially elongated cdls
having brownish content, followed by a layer of hypodermis of thm-walled cells,
similar to epidermis; cortex consisting of 2-3 layers of thick-walled, lignified
sclerenchymatous cells towards periphery and aerenchymatous cells towads tent
~ single ; layered endodermis with highly thickened inner walls; many layered @-
cycle with thick-walled, sclerenchymatous cells enclosing radial vascular bundEes
arranged in a ring. Simple starch grains measuring 8-12 p in diameter are present
in aerenchyma, pericycle and pith cells.
PHYSICAL CONSTANTS
Total ash- Not more than 9%; Acid-insoluble ash- Not more than 6%; McohaH-.
soluble extractive Not less than 4%; Water-soluble extractive- Not less than 5%;
Volatile oil- Not less than 1%.
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
Isobisabolene, khusol, khusinol, khusilal, khusinol oxide, isokhusimol, khusillrol,
khusimene, khusenic acid, isokhusenic acid, khusimone, cyclocopacarnphenol
epicyclocopacampheno1 (C-I1 epimer), vetiselinenol and zizanol, zizanene
levojunenol, epikhusinol, C,, ketones-(+) (1 S, 1OR)- 1,lO-dimethylbicyclo C4.4.01dec-6-en-3-one
and (+) (6S, 10s)-6, 10-dimethylbicyclo [4.4.0]-dec- 1 -en-3 -one,
zizanoic, epizizanoic acid, sesquiterpenes, khusol, allokhusiol, zizaene, prezi-c hr'4~,:?&.
khusiol, isovalencenol, vetiselinenol and isovetiselinenol, isovalesenol, (+)a-cadino1
cadina-4a-10P-diol, khusinodiol, isokhusinol oxide, acoradiene, zizaens
solavetivone, p-vetivone, methoxyphenol, o-, m- & p-cresols, eugenol, 4-
vinylguaiacol, cis and trans isoeugenol, 4-vinylphenol, vanillin, 4-vinyl-2
methoxyphenol, tricyclic sesquiterpenoids-zizanal and epizizanal, a- & vetivoncs
bicyclodecenone, epizizanone, acora-2,4-diene and its 10-epimer, 3-isoprogyl-2-
(3-methylcyclopent-2-eny1)-tetrahydrofuran, 3-isopropyl- 6-methyl-2 -(3methylcyclopent-2-enyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran,12,13-di-nor-6(7-8)-&be@eremophil-
1 (10)-en-7-one, 8alpha-methyl- 1 1,12,13-tri-nor-eremophil- 1 ( 10)-er,- 7 -
one, eudsma-5,7-dien-4-01 (cascadadienol), 13-nor-7,8-epoxy-eremophil- 1 (i ~2,-