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OurHistory<br />

&Heritage<br />

AFRICAN AMERICAN FEMALE WRITERS<br />

Phillis Wheatley<br />

Anna J. Haywood Cooper<br />

Anna J. Haywood Cooper wrote "Colored Women as Wage-Earners" in<br />

1899. The article, published by Hampton Institute, called for full<br />

gender equality including wage compensation for domestic work<br />

performed by women.<br />

(c. 1753-1784) After being kidnapped from<br />

West Africa as a child and taken to Boston<br />

on a slave ship, Phillis Wheatley landed in<br />

relatively fortunate circumstances-servitude<br />

in a Boston family that treated her well and<br />

encouraged her education. There she was<br />

able to cultivate her natural gifts for verse and<br />

language. By the time she published her first<br />

poems in 1767, Wheatley had also mastered<br />

Greek and Latin (to the amazement of local<br />

scholars, many of whom had genuinely believed<br />

such feats to be beyond the capacity of Africans).<br />

Many of Wheatley's subsequent poetic works, written<br />

in the English neoclassical style, were published in Poems<br />

on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral in 1773. Wheatley's<br />

literary reputation and personal magnetism gained her admiration both in the United States and England, and after<br />

her death she became a potent symbol of Black intellectual accomplishment in the ideological battle against slavery.

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