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AGROBIODIVERSITY HERITAGE SITE OF ZAHEERABAD, Medak District, Andhra Pradesh WEEDING: ANOTHER DEFINITION July is the month of weeding, one of the most important elements in the farming practice. Farming women offer a fascinating definition of weeds. In their worldview weeds were not villains. On the contrary the weeds enhance the diversity on the farm. As most food producing women practise only organic farming, the weeds that grow on their farms acquire the nature of beneficial plants over a period of time and continue to grow with their crops while the harmful weeds get weeded out through natural and farming processes. The voluntary plants that grow among cultivated crops are hardly weeds. They are u s e f u l vegetative inputs in their lives: green fodder for animals or uncultivated foods for human consumption and medicine for all. The seeds of these weeds usually get recycled through the farmyard manure into which wastes from their Kitchen and cattle shed are thrown. But once the shift is made to chemical fertilisers, this recycling through FYM is broken and the regeneration of uncultivated plants stops. These are also Sannam seeds – very delicate. Since the FYM keeps soils loose and airy, the tiny seeds can germinate through this layer. Once chemical fertilisers are applied, they harden the soil and make it impossible for the delicate seeds to break open the upper crust and come out. They meet their death in the lower depths of the soil. The traditional plough does not upturn the soil too much and allows most of the delicate seeds to stay on the upper layers. But ploughing by tractors pushes these seeds to the bottom of a deep layer of soil preventing them from regenerating. 27
AGROBIODIVERSITY HERITAGE SITE OF ZAHEERABAD, Medak District, Andhra Pradesh The diversity of trees: A range of trees and wild bushes that grow around the vicinity were identified by the community. They further classified the local tree species, of which more that 25 varieties were described as most suitable for the changing climatic conditions. A few to mention are: Neem, Illintha, Morri, Kailimi, Ponna, Chit miti and Thinki, Chinta, Raini, Table: Diversity of trees Discription Local Names of the trees All these trees can grow and bear fruits without requiring much rainfall and they can withstand higher temperatures) Sitaphal, Kaki pandu, Ber, Pulcheri, Jamun, Balsuku, Muriki thumma, Pariki, Eetha, Illintha, Chiti miti, Morri, Barkathadalu, Medi pandlu, Kasha pandlu, Thonda pandlu, Kaju pandlu, Nalla jeedi, Chinta, Mamidi, Kalimi, Chenchu gaddalu, Tella pulchari, Tella Jeedi pandu, Jama, Danimma, Maredu pandlu, Ram phal, Bontha pandlu, Sapota, Buduma kaya, Dosa pandlu, Pitta pandlu, Badam, Tumki and Nakkera pandlu. 28
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