Biological Control of Brazilian Peppertree,

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Conclusions • Episimus unguiculus is a Precedented Bio<strong>Control</strong> Agent – Established in Hawaii since 1950s – Field Host Specificity Documented – Impact on BP Compromised by Parasitism? • Capable <strong>of</strong> Sustained Reproduction Only on BP – Demonstrated in Lab. & Open-Field Choice Tests, Lab. Multi-Generation Tests
Conclusions (cont’d) • Larval Feeding Damage Should Impact BP Growth & Reproduction – Confirmed by Field & Laboratory Herbivory Studies • Risk to Cultivated Pistachio Acceptable – Climate in Western US Would Preclude Establishment (= Geographical Incompatibility) • Petition for Field Release Submitted to TAG in September 2009
Page 1 and 2: Biological Control of Brazilian Pep
Page 3 and 4: Outline • Introduction • Status
Page 5 and 6: Bazillion Peppertree Schinus howter
Page 7 and 8: Typical Female BP Plant M. Clark 20
Page 9 and 10: History of BP in Florida • Date o
Page 11 and 12: BP Supports Other Invasive Species
Page 13 and 14: BP Pollen Causes Problems Jarzen an
Page 15 and 16: Why is BP Invasive in FL? • Multi
Page 17 and 18: BP Targeted for BioControl • Non-
Page 19 and 20: BP BioControl Project Objectives
Page 21 and 22: BP Natural Enemies 1. Thrips - Dama
Page 23 and 24: (Habeck et al. 1989, Cuda al. 2002)
Page 25 and 26: Pseudophilothrips ichini (Hood) •
Page 27 and 28: No-Choice Larval Development Tests
Page 29 and 30: Episimus unguiculus Clarke A B C Ma
Page 31 and 32: lts u d A . o N l ta o T 40000 3500
Page 33 and 34: Effect of E. unguiculus on BP • L
Page 35 and 36: Life History Parameters on BP Genot
Page 37: Predicted Distribution of E. unguic
Page 41 and 42: Apocnemidophorus pipitzi (Faust) (C
Page 43 and 44: BP Weevil Rearing Procedure 22 to 2
Page 45 and 46: Host Range Testing Procedure
Page 47 and 48: Multiple-Choice Development Test Br
Page 49 and 50: Brazilian Peppertree Management Pla

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