Download

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Chaetodontidae Butterflyfishes 189 Pomacanthidae Angelfishes 216 Kyphosidae Rudderfishes 223 Teraponidae Grunters 224 Kuh1iidae Flagtails 225 Cirrhitidae Hawkfishes 226 Cich1idae Tilapia 229 Pomacentridae Damsel fishes 230 Labridae Wrasses 250 Pinguipedidae Sandperches 290 B1enniidae Blennies 294 Gobiidae Gobies 301 Microdesmidae Dartfishes 306 Siganidae Rabbitfishes 308 Zanc1idae Moorish idol 309 Acanthuridae Surgeonfishes 310 Gempy1idae Esco1ar and Oilfishes 326 Scombridae Tunas 331 Xiphiidae Billfishes 342 Nomeidae Driftfishes 346 Balistidae Triggerfishes 347 Monacanthidae Filefishes 361 Ostraciidae Boxfishes 366 Tetraodontidae Pufferfishes 368 Glossary 374 Bibliography 384 Index of Fish Names (English and Scientific) 388 Colour Plates Dhivehi Section 396 Foreword (in Dhivehi) Preface by Minister of Fisheries and Agriculture (in Dhivehi) Message by His Excellency Mr. Maumoon Abdul Gayyoom (in Dhivehi) iv
FOREWORD The Bay of Bengal Programme Inter-Governmental Organisation (BOBP-IGO) is proud to be associated with this important document, which is a catalogue of the fishes of the Maldives. The message from the President of the Maldives reflects the importance His Excellency and the Government of Maldives accord to the subject. The BOBP -IGO is committed to support the efforts of its member governments to promote fisheries management and sustainable development in the Bay of Bengal region. Essential to such a process is knowledge of the rich fish resources of the Maldives. This comprehensive and well-illustrated catalogue will be of great help to fishery scientists and officials, to fish exporters, students and fishermen themselves, besides serving as an invaluable reference book for researchers around the world. We compliment the Marine Research Centre of the Ministry of Fisheries, Agriculture and Marine Resources of the Republic of Maldives, and the scientists, researchers and artists who made this highly informative publication possible. We are sure it will promote the cause of fisheries management and sustainable development in the Maldives, besides being a useful contribution to knowledge within and outside the Bay of Bengal region. Dr Yugraj Singh Yadava Director Bay of Bengal Programme Inter-Governmental Organisation Chennai - 600 018, India ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The production of the volume was a major team effort by the staff of the Marine Research Centre. This work is largely based on the previous four Catalogues of the Fishes of The Maldives; the efforts of all contributors to those earlier volumes are gratefully acknowledged. That this volume has been produced at all is in large part the result of the work of Ibrahim Naeem, who sorted and arranged all specimens in the MRC collection, checked identifications, revised existing sheets, prepared fresh ones for new additions, and oversaw the production of this entire work. Ahmed Hafiz wrote most of the Dhivehi sections. Dr. R. Charles Anderson prepared much of the English text, and also provided the colour slides for the plates. All line drawings which were mainly done by Dr. M. Shiham Adam, Hussein Zahir, Ibrahim Faizan and Ahmed Arif for the previous edition have been used in this edition. Most revised line drawings and new additions used in this edition of the book have been done by Ibrahim Faizan. Ibrahim Nadheeh was responsible for layout and provided much editorial assistance; he and Fathimath Zeena carried out most of the word-processing. Other MRC staff members who have made contributions to this volume include Ajula Rasheed, Hussain Zahir and Hamid Shafeeu. Mr. Ahmed Shakir and Aishath Shahindha kindly assisted with the layout. This book contains the most extensive and comprehensive Dhivehi text yet produced on the fishes of the Maldives. It is, therefore, most appropriate that His Excellency President Maumoon Abdul Gayyoom, who has had a profound interest in and concern for the fish and fisheries of our country, has provided a message in the national language-Dhivehi. We are most grateful to him. Former Minister of Fisheries, Agriculture and Marine Resources, Hon. Abdul Rasheed Hussein’s encouragement and guidance led to this revised version. We are most grateful to him. A special thanks to the Minister of Fisheries, Agriculture and Marine Resources, Hon. Abdullah Kamaludeen for his support to bring forth this volume. The newly found BOBP Inter-Governmental Organisation generously offered to re-print this book with minor changes. We wish to express our sincere appreciation to BOBP-IGO, especially to Dr. Yugraj Singh Yadava, Director and his staff for their support and assistance. v
Page 1 and 2: BOBP / MAG / 25
Page 3: CONTENTS Foreword and Acknowledgeme
Page 8: viii
Page 13 and 14: xiii
Page 16 and 17: INTRODUCTION The first edition of t
Page 18 and 19: The Maldives has gained a reputatio
Page 20 and 21: Stegostoma fasciatum (Hermann, 1783
Page 22 and 23: Mustelus manazo Bleeker, 1854 Engli
Page 24 and 25: Carcharhinus albimarginatus (Rüppe
Page 26 and 27: Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos (Bleeker
Page 28 and 29: Carcharhinus limbatus (Valenciennes
Page 30 and 31: Carcharhinus melanopterus (Qouy and
Page 32 and 33: Galeocerdo cuvier (Peron and LeSueu
Page 34 and 35: Negaprion acutidens (Rüppell, 1837
Page 36 and 37: Sphyrna lewini (Griffith and Smith,
Page 38 and 39: Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810) Engl
Page 40 and 41: Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre, 1788)
Page 42 and 43: Heptranchias perlo (Bonnaterre, 178
Page 44 and 45: Dalatias licha (Bonnaterre, 1788) E
Page 46 and 47: Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus (R
Page 48 and 49: Spratelloides gracilis (Temminck an
Page 50 and 51: Alepisaurus ferox Lowe, 1833 Englis
Page 52 and 53: Antennarius commersonii (Latreille,
Page 54 and 55:
Atherinomorus lacunosus (Forster, 1
Page 56 and 57:
Exocoetus monocirrhus Richardson, 1
Page 58 and 59:
Myripristis adusta Bleeker, 1853 En
Page 60 and 61:
Myripristis kuntee Cuvier, 1831 Eng
Page 62 and 63:
Myripristis murdjan (Forsskål, 177
Page 64 and 65:
Myripristis violacea Bleeker, 1851
Page 66 and 67:
Neoniphon aurolineatus (Liénard, 1
Page 68 and 69:
Neoniphon sammara (Forsskål, 1775)
Page 70 and 71:
Sargocentron diadema (Lacepède, 18
Page 72 and 73:
Sargocentron spiniferum (Forsskål,
Page 74 and 75:
Sargocentron violaceum (Bleeker, 18
Page 76 and 77:
Doryrhamphus excisus excisus Kaup,
Page 78 and 79:
Fistularia commersonii Rüppell, 18
Page 80 and 81:
Dendrochirus zebra (Cuvier, 1829) E
Page 82 and 83:
Pterois radiata Cuvier, 1829 Englis
Page 84 and 85:
Anyperodon leucogrammicus (Valencie
Page 86 and 87:
Cephalopholis aurantia (Valencienne
Page 88 and 89:
Cephalopholis miniata (Forsskål, 1
Page 90 and 91:
Cephalopholis sonnerati (Valencienn
Page 92 and 93:
Cephalopholis urodeta (Schneider, 1
Page 94 and 95:
Epinephelus areolatus (Forsskål, 1
Page 96 and 97:
Epinephelus chlorostigma (Valencien
Page 98 and 99:
Epinephelus flavocaeruleus (Lacepè
Page 100 and 101:
Epinephelus lanceolatus (Bloch, 179
Page 102 and 103:
Epinephelus macrospilos (Bleeker, 1
Page 104 and 105:
Epinephelus miliaris (Valenciennes,
Page 106 and 107:
Epinephelus multinotatus (Peters, 1
Page 108 and 109:
Epinephelus ongus (Bloch, 1790) Eng
Page 110 and 111:
Epinephelus retouti Bleeker, 1868 E
Page 112 and 113:
Epinephelus tauvina (Forsskål, 177
Page 114 and 115:
Grammistes sexlineatus (Thunberg, 1
Page 116 and 117:
Plectropomus areolatus (Rüppell, 1
Page 118 and 119:
Plectropomus pessuliferus Fowler, 1
Page 120 and 121:
Pseudanthias cooperi (Regan, 1902)
Page 122 and 123:
Pseudanthias squamipinnis (Peters,
Page 124 and 125:
Variola louti (Forsskål, 1775) 109
Page 126 and 127:
Priacanthus hamrur (Forsskål, 1775
Page 128 and 129:
Apogon nigrofasciatus Lachner, 1953
Page 130 and 131:
Archamia fucata (Cantor, 1850) Engl
Page 132 and 133:
Pseudamia gelatinosa Smith, 1955 En
Page 134 and 135:
Remora remora (Linnaeus, 1766) Engl
Page 136 and 137:
Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus, 176
Page 138 and 139:
Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758
Page 140 and 141:
Carangoides caeruleopinnatus (Rüpp
Page 142 and 143:
Carangoides fulvoguttatus (Forsskå
Page 144 and 145:
Carangoides orthogrammus Jordan and
Page 146 and 147:
Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål, 1775)
Page 148 and 149:
Caranx melampygus Cuvier, 1833 Engl
Page 150 and 151:
Decapterus macarellus (Cuvier, 1833
Page 152 and 153:
Gnathodon speciosus (Forsskål, 177
Page 154 and 155:
Scomberoides lysan (Forsskål, 1775
Page 156 and 157:
Seriola rivoliana Valenciennes, 183
Page 158 and 159:
Trachinotus blochii (Lacepède, 180
Page 160 and 161:
Aphareus rutilans Cuvier, 1830 Engl
Page 162 and 163:
Caesio xanthonota Bleeker, 1853 Eng
Page 164 and 165:
Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskå
Page 166 and 167:
Lutjanus biguttatus (Valenciennes,
Page 168 and 169:
Lutjanus fulvus (Bloch and Schneide
Page 170 and 171:
Lutjanus kasmira (Forsskål, 1775)
Page 172 and 173:
Lutjanus monostigma (Cuvier, 1828)
Page 174 and 175:
Lutjanus sebae (Cuvier, 1828) Engli
Page 176 and 177:
Macolor niger (Forsskål, 1775) Eng
Page 178 and 179:
Paracaesio xanthurus (Bleeker, 1869
Page 180 and 181:
Pristipomoides auricilla (Jordan, E
Page 182 and 183:
Pterocaesio chrysozona (Cuvier, 183
Page 184 and 185:
Pterocaesio tile (Cuvier, 1830) Eng
Page 186 and 187:
Gerres oyena (Forsskål, 1775) Engl
Page 188 and 189:
Plectorhinchus albovittatus (Rüppe
Page 190 and 191:
Plectorhinchus vittatus (Linnaeus,
Page 192 and 193:
Lethrinus conchyliatus (Smith, 1959
Page 194 and 195:
Lethrinus rubrioperculatus Sato, 19
Page 196 and 197:
Wattsia mossambica (Smith, 1957) En
Page 198 and 199:
Nemipterus Zysron (Bleeker, 1856-57
Page 200 and 201:
Polydactylus sexfilis (Valenciennes
Page 202 and 203:
Parupeneus macronemus (Lacepède, 1
Page 204 and 205:
Chaetodon auriga Forsskål, 1775 En
Page 206 and 207:
Chaetodon citrinellus Cuvier, 1831
Page 208 and 209:
Chaetodon decussatus Cuvier, 1831 E
Page 210 and 211:
Chaetodon guttatissimus Bennett, 18
Page 212 and 213:
Chaetodon lunula (Lacepède, 1802)
Page 214 and 215:
Chaetodon melannotus Bloch and Schn
Page 216 and 217:
Chaetodon mitratus Günther, 1860 E
Page 218 and 219:
Chaetodon triangulum Cuvier, 1831 E
Page 220 and 221:
Chaetodon trifasciatus Park, 1797 E
Page 222 and 223:
Chaetodon vagabundus Linnaeus, 1758
Page 224 and 225:
Forcipiger flavissimus Jordan and M
Page 226 and 227:
Hemitaurichthys zoster (Bennett, 18
Page 228 and 229:
Heniochus diphreutes Jordan, 1903 E
Page 230 and 231:
Heniochus pleurotaenia Ahl, 1923 En
Page 232 and 233:
Centropyge flavicauda Fraser-Brunne
Page 234 and 235:
Pomacanthus imperator (Bloch, 1787)
Page 236 and 237:
Pomacanthus xanthometopon (Bleeker,
Page 238 and 239:
Kyphosus cinerascens (Forsskål, 17
Page 240 and 241:
Kuhlia mugil (Schneider, 1801) Engl
Page 242 and 243:
Oxycirrhites typus Bleeker, 1857 En
Page 244 and 245:
Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 18
Page 246 and 247:
Abudefduf sordidus (Forsskål, 1775
Page 248 and 249:
Amphiprion nigripes Regan, 1908 Eng
Page 250 and 251:
Chromis delta Randall, 1988 English
Page 252 and 253:
Chromis ternatensis (Bleeker, 1856)
Page 254 and 255:
Chrysiptera biocellata (Quoy and Ga
Page 256 and 257:
Chrysiptera glauca (Cuvier, 1830) E
Page 258 and 259:
Dascyllus aruanus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Page 260 and 261:
Dascyllus trimaculatus (Rüppell, 1
Page 262 and 263:
Pomacentrus pavo (Bloch, 1787) Engl
Page 264 and 265:
Stegastes fasciolatus (Ogilby, 1889
Page 266 and 267:
Anampses meleagrides Valenciennes,
Page 268 and 269:
Bodianus bimaculatus Allen, 1973 En
Page 270 and 271:
Cheilinus bimaculatus Valenciennes,
Page 272 and 273:
Cheilinus oxycephalus Bleeker, 1853
Page 274 and 275:
Cheilio inermis (Forsskål, 1775) E
Page 276 and 277:
Cirrhilabrus rubrisquamis Randall a
Page 278 and 279:
Epibulus insidiator (Pallas, 1770)
Page 280 and 281:
Halichoeres cosmetus Randall and sm
Page 282 and 283:
Halichoeres marginatus Rüppell, 18
Page 284 and 285:
Halichoeres vrolikii (Bleeker, 1855
Page 286 and 287:
Hemigymnus melapterus (Bloch, 1791)
Page 288 and 289:
Labroides bicolor Fowler and Bean,
Page 290 and 291:
Labropsis xanthonota Randall, 1981
Page 292 and 293:
Novaculichthys taeniourus (Lacepèd
Page 294 and 295:
Pseudocheilinus evanidus Jenkins, 1
Page 296 and 297:
Pseudocoris yamashiroi (Schmidt, 19
Page 298 and 299:
Stethojulis strigiventer (Bennett,
Page 300 and 301:
Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett, 1828
Page 302 and 303:
Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus, 1758)
Page 304 and 305:
Xyrichthys pavo Valenciennes, 1840
Page 306 and 307:
Parapercis millepunctata (Günther,
Page 308 and 309:
Parapercis signata Randall, 1984 En
Page 310 and 311:
Ecsenius minutus Klausewitz, 1963 E
Page 312 and 313:
Istiblennius lineatus (Valenciennes
Page 314 and 315:
Plagiotremus rhinorhynchos (Bleeker
Page 316 and 317:
Amblyeleotris aurora Polunin and Lu
Page 318 and 319:
Gnatholepis anjerensis (Bleeker, 18
Page 320 and 321:
Istigobius decoratus (Herre, 1927)
Page 322 and 323:
Nemateleotris magnifica Fowler, 193
Page 324 and 325:
Zanclus cornutus (Linnaeus, 1758) E
Page 326 and 327:
Acanthurus lineatus (Linnaeus, 1758
Page 328 and 329:
Acanthurus thompsoni (Fowler, 1923)
Page 330 and 331:
Acanthurus xanthopterus Valencienne
Page 332 and 333:
Ctenochaetus striatus (Quoy and Gai
Page 334 and 335:
Naso brevirostris (Valenciennes, 18
Page 336 and 337:
Naso lituratus (Schneider, 1801) En
Page 338 and 339:
Paracanthurus hepatus (Linnaeus, 17
Page 340 and 341:
Zebrasoma scopas (Cuvier, 1829) Eng
Page 342 and 343:
Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith,
Page 344 and 345:
Rexea prometheoides (Bleeker, 1856)
Page 346 and 347:
Acanthocybium solandri (Cuvier, 183
Page 348 and 349:
Auxis thazard (Lacepède, 1800) Eng
Page 350 and 351:
Gymnosarda unicolor (Rüppell, 1838
Page 352 and 353:
Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier, 181
Page 354 and 355:
Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788
Page 356 and 357:
Thunnus tonggol (Bleeker, 1851) Eng
Page 358 and 359:
Makaira indica (Cuvier, 1832) Engli
Page 360 and 361:
Xiphias gladius Linnaeus, 1758 Engl
Page 362 and 363:
Abalistes stellatus (Lacepède, 179
Page 364 and 365:
Balistoides conspicillum (Bloch and
Page 366 and 367:
Canthidermis maculatus (Bloch, 1786
Page 368 and 369:
Melichthys niger (Bloch, 1786) Engl
Page 370 and 371:
Pseudobalistes flavimarginatus (Rü
Page 372 and 373:
Rhinecanthus rectangulus (Bloch and
Page 374 and 375:
Sufflamen chrysopterus (Bloch and S
Page 376 and 377:
Aluterus scriptus (Osbeck, 1765) En
Page 378 and 379:
Oxymonacanthus longirostris (Bloch
Page 380 and 381:
Pseudalutarius nasicornis (Temminck
Page 382 and 383:
Ostracion cubicus Linnaeus, 1758 En
Page 384 and 385:
Arothron immaculatus (Bloch and Sch
Page 386 and 387:
Canthigaster janthinoptera (Bleeker
Page 388 and 389:
Lagocephalus sceleratus (Forster, 1
Page 390 and 391:
Cephalopod: a group of molluscs, in
Page 392 and 393:
Gill arch: the bony and cartilagino
Page 394 and 395:
Mollusc: an animal of the Phylum Mo
Page 396 and 397:
Proximal: toward the centre of the
Page 398 and 399:
Villiform: like the villi of the in
Page 400 and 401:
Collette B.B. & Nauen C.E. (1983).
Page 402 and 403:
Whitehead P.J.P. (1985). FAO Specie
Page 404 and 405:
Blue-green chromis 238 Cephalopholi
Page 406 and 407:
Giant trevally 131 Hypoatherina tem
Page 408 and 409:
Parupeneus barberinus 186 Pterois m
Page 410 and 411:
TRIAKIDAE 7 Yellowback wrasse 275 T
Page 412 and 413:
PLATE 2 a. Cephalopholis miniata b.
Page 414 and 415:
PLATE 4 a. Variola albimarginata b.
Page 416 and 417:
PLATE 6 a. Chaetodon collare b. Cha
Page 418 and 419:
403
Page 420 and 421:
405
Page 422 and 423:
407
Page 424 and 425:
409
Page 426 and 427:
411
Page 428 and 429:
413
Page 430 and 431:
415
Page 432 and 433:
417
Page 434 and 435:
419
Page 436 and 437:
421
Page 438:
423
Page 442:
BOBP / MAG / 25
show all

Download

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?