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PHASE II Albuquerque Basin............................................................. 288 Anadarko Basin................................................................. 314 Cotton Valley.................................................................. 341 Michigan Basin ................................................................ 388 Pasco Basin..................................................................... 401 Raton Basin..................................................................... 416 Sacramento Basin.............................................................. 430 Travis Peak..................................................................... 457 PROJECT ABSTRACT ............................................................ 502
SCOPE OF THE ASSESSMENT The scope of this project was to identify and characterize the geologic and geographic distribution of potential basin-centered gas systems throughout the U.S., including Alaska. This project identifies the basin-centered gas systems, and for selected systems, estimates the location of "sweet spots" where basincentered gas resources are likely to be produced over the next 30 years. This project covered a thirty (30) month period of performance; twelve months for Phase I (April, 1998 through March, 1999) and eighteen months for Phase II (June, 1999 through November, 2000. OBJECTIVE The principal objective of this project was to perform an analysis of basin-centered gas occurrence in the U.S. and analyze its potential significance to future natural gas exploration and development. This project utilized state-of-the-art procedures and knowledge of basin-centered gas systems, including stratigraphic analysis, organic geochemistry, basin thermal dynamics, and reservoir and pressure analyses. INTRODUCTION The primary purpose of this report is to characterize thirty-three (33) potential basin-centered gas systems/accumulations throughout the U.S. The characterizations are based on data from the published literature and from internal computerized well and reservoir data files. The USGS is currently re-evaluating the resource potential of basin-centered gas accumulations in the U.S. due to changing geologic perceptions about these accumulations and the availability of new data. Newly defined basin-centered accumulations in regions of the U.S. may result in new plays based on an analysis of data available since the 1995 U.S. Geological Survey <strong>National</strong> Assessment (Gautier et al., 1996). These potential basin-centered gas accumulations vary qualitatively from low to high risk and may/may not survive rigorous geologic scrutiny leading toward a full geologic assessment based on plays For this report, we selected thirty-three potential basin-centered gas accumulations throughout the U.S. They include the: Sacramento/San Joaquin basins, Raton Basin, Rio Grande Rift, Anadarko Basin, Travis Peak/Cotton Valley, Columbia Basin/W. Flank of the Cascades, Michigan Basin/St. Peter Sandstone, Cook Inlet, Alaska, Permian Basin/Abo Formation, Hanna Basin, Paradox Basin (Pennsylvanian shales), Western North Slope of Alaska, Central Alaska, Wasatch Plateau, Puget Sound, Modoc/Northern California, Santa Maria Basin/Monterey Formation, Los Angeles Basin (deep), Salton Trough, Great Basin (Tertiary basins), Snake River downwarp, Paradox Basin (Precambrian Chuar Group), Denver Basin, Park Basins of Colorado, North end of San Rafael Swell (Dakota Formation), Central Montana (Sweetgrass Arch), Mid-continent Rift, Arkoma Basin, Austin Chalk, Eagle Ford Formation, Texas, Appalachian Basin (Clinton-Medina and older Formations), Eastern U.S. Triassic Rift Basins, and the Black Warrior Basin. For each, we summarize the geologic setting and data favoring the existence a potential basin-centered accumulation.
Page 1 and 2: Central Alaska Colville/ North Slop
Page 3: TABLE OF CONTENTS Scope of Assessme
Page 7 and 8: BASIN-CENTERED/CONTINUOUS-TYPE ACCU
Page 9 and 10: LIST OF POTENTIAL BASIN-CENTERED GA
Page 11 and 12: Accumulation Region Province Notes
Page 13 and 14: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Various individual
Page 15 and 16: Province, Play and Accumulation Nam
Page 17 and 18: AMARILLO UPLIFT Oklahoma Texas 100
Page 19 and 20: Depth (feet) 0 5,000 10,000 15,000
Page 21 and 22: GEOLOGIC SETTING The Appalachian ba
Page 23 and 24: EVIDENCE FOR BASIN-CENTERED GAS Whi
Page 25 and 26: Production and Drilling Characteris
Page 27 and 28: N Kentucky Ohio Sandstone reservoir
Page 29 and 30: GEOLOGIC SETTING The Arkoma Basin f
Page 33 and 34: 35° 34° Atoka 96° 95° 94° 93°
Page 35 and 36: System Pennsylvanian Mississippian
Page 37 and 38: GEOLOGIC SETTING The Black Warrior
Page 41 and 42: e.Basin maturity mature f.Sediment
Page 43 and 44: A A' Clastic rocks Carbonate rocks
Page 45 and 46: GEOLOGIC SETTING The interior basin
Page 47 and 48: EVIDENCE FOR BASIN-CENTERED GAS In
Page 49 and 50: Production and Drilling Characteris
Page 51 and 52: System Tertiary Sandstone, mudstone
Page 53 and 54: GEOLOGIC SETTING The Late Proterozo
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Production and Drilling Characteris
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GEOLOGIC SETTING The Columbia Basin
Page 60 and 61:
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47° 46° 121° 120° 119° BN 23-3
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GEOLOGIC SETTING The Cook Inlet bas
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Province, Play and Accumulation Nam
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62° 60° 58° Bruin Bay Fault Aleu
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Sea Level Depth (in feet) 1 2 3 4 5
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GEOLOGIC SETTING The Denver basin i
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42° 41° 40° 39° | | | | | | 105
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Era Cenozoic Mesozoic Paleozoic Ter
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Depth (ft) 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,00
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GEOLOGIC SETTING The Great Basin is
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d.Overmaturity Overmature source ro
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Penn Mississippian Devonian Sil Ord
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120° 118° 116° 114° 0 20 North
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EVIDENCE FOR BASIN-CENTERED GAS The
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Stage Danian Tertiary Maastrichtian
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GEOLOGIC SETTING The Eagle Ford For
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System Series Stage Central Texas C
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GEOLOGIC SETTING The Lower Cretaceo
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97° 34° 33° 32° 31° 30° 29°
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System Cretaceous Jurassic Upper Se
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Economic Characteristics: Field Nam
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Aproximate Depth (ft) 0 10,000 20,0
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Depth (ft) 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,00
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Sea Level Depth in Miles 10 20 A A'
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GEOLOGIC SETTING The Michigan Basin
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Economic Characteristics: b. Cumula
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Era System Sequence West East Mesoz
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GEOLOGIC SETTING The Mid-Continent
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49° 45° 40° North Dakota South D
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Depth (feet) 0 1000 2000 3000 4000
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EVIDENCE FOR BASIN-CENTERED GAS Sev
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Elevation in Feet 10,000 Sea Level
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T36S T37S T38S T39S T40S T41S T48N
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EVIDENCE FOR BASIN CENTERED-GAS The
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System Pennsylvanian Series Formati
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A A' Hermosa Formation Upper Member
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Elevation (ft. msl) Elevation (ft.
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System Tertiary Cretaceous Jurassic
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B W T K K K & J Amoco State of Colo
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EVIDENCE FOR BASIN-CENTERED GAS Nei
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New Mexico Texas Huapache Flexure V
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34° 33° 32° New Mexico Texas 0.4
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R 71 W R 69 W R 67 W R 65 W R 63 W
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R 71 W R 69 W R 67 W R 65 W R 63 W
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R69W R68W R67W R66W R65W Huerfano C
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SA W Mt LA 108° Colorado Plateau U
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Feet 10,000 5,000 Sea Level -5,000
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GEOLOGIC SETTING The present day Sa
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Map Area Coast Ranges 38° 123° Sa
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Depth in Feet 0 5000 10000 15000 20
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EVIDENCE FOR BASIN-CENTERED GAS Acc
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Depth in Kilometers 0 10 20 A A' Th
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Depth in Feet 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8
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HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL In central Ut
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Cenozoic Mesozoic Tertiary Cretaceo
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40° 39° ⊥ ⊥ ⊥ Duchesne Carb
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Several formations within the basin
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System Quaternary Tertiary Cretaceo
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GEOLOGIC SETTING The Snake River Do
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U D A 13000 10000 12000 15000 A' 14
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Series Depth Lith. Description Thic
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GEOLOGIC SETTING As one of the larg
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Kootenai Fm Morrison Fm Swift Sands
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50° 00' 49° 00' 1 R o = 1.5% 7 2
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HYDROCARBON PRODUCTION There is no
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N Geologic Map Structure Map Therma
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GEOLOGIC SETTING The Wasatch Platea
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T. 12 S. T. 13 S. T. 14 S. T. 15 S.
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Cenozoic Mesozoic Tertiary Cretaceo
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EVIDENCE FOR BASIN-CENTERED GAS In
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Years Ma (millions ago) 0 10 20 30
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GEOLOGIC SETTING The western Colvil
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Russia USA Herald Arch Chukchi Plat
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Elevation in feet 5000 0 5000 10000
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Elevation in Miles Elevation in Mil
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-3550 Axis of Well -8476 Depth to t
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Axis of AKK AKK 0.57 psi/ft 11080'
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Beirei, M.A., 1987, Hydrocarbon mat
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Corbett, K.P., Friedman, M., and Sp
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Fuis, G.S., and Zucca, J.J., 1984,
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Imperato, D.P., Nilsen, T.H., and M
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Lingley, W.S., Jr., 1995, Petroleum
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Neuhauser, K.R., 1988, Sevier-age r
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Royse, F., 1996, Detachment fold tr
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Tennyson, M.E., 1995, Eastern Washi
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SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY Allison, M.L.
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Meylan, M.A., 1997, Controls on the
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1 POTENTIAL FOR A BASIN-CENTERED GA
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BOREHOLE TEMPERATURE DATA Previous
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depth of about 8,350 ft. (2,545 m).
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7 Region: The Geological Society of
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CENOZOIC MESOZOIC PALEOZOIC ERA AGE
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Km 2.5 0 -2.5 -5.0 -7.5 -10.0 WEST
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N37° SAGUACHE ALAMOSA R 72 W R 70
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Lucero Uplift B Ladron Mtns Nacimen
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Lucero Uplift B Ladron Mtns Nacimen
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Depth (feet) 25000 20000 15000 1000
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Depth Subsurface (feet) 0 2000 4000
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Rate of Oil Generation (mg/g TOC*my
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NUMBER OF WILDCATS 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3
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ABSTRACT IS THERE A BASIN-CENTER GA
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The Woodford Shale has been studied
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An online database of pressure meas
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Deep resistivities measured from du
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MANY DEEP FORMATION TESTS PRODUCED
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Perhaps the source rocks were too l
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REFERENCES Al-Shaieb, Z., Alberta,
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Oklahoma State University, Departme
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NEW MEXICO 0 -5,000' 25 50 MILES 0
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PERMIAN (PART) PENNSYLVANIAN MISSIS
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DEPTH, IN THOUSANDS OF FEET 0 0 5 1
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Well Name FIELD Sec. Twp. Rg. Forma
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Well Name No. FIELD Sec. Twp. Rg. F
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Well Name No. FIELD Sec. Twp. Rg. F
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drilling, but best available data s
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Cotton Valley lithofacies and assoc
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DIAGENESIS OF COTTON VALLEY SANDSTO
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SOURCE ROCKS Relatively scant infor
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In the 1970s, production from low-p
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(1984) and Dutton and others (1993)
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As described above, Cotton Valley s
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Gas-Water Contacts Perhaps the most
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on the right side of Figure 16, min
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20 sandstone trend is not indicativ
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REFERENCES Almon, W.R., 1979, A geo
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3 Meehan, D.N., and B.F. Pennington
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5 Wescott, W.A., 1983, Diagenesis o
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Table 1. Comparison of two producti
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Field FERC Trap Disc CV Disc Date:
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34° N 32° N 30° N APPROX UPDIP L
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DALLAS ELLIS COLLIN ROCK- WALL OKLA
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A SOUTH 1 WINN LIMESTONE 2 3 4 5 6
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OKLAHOMA TEXAS LONE OAK DELTA COTTO
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OK Dallas TX AR DETAIL AREA CALHOUN
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OK AR Dallas TX Porosity DETAIL ARE
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OK AR Dallas TX DETAIL AREA LA MS G
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1477 1000 600 432 500 549 800 178,0
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IS THERE A BASIN-CENTER GAS ACCUMUL
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WELL HISTORIES AND FORMATION TEST D
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CONCLUSIONS Pressures, temperatures
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LAKE MICHIGAN 1000 500 0 Miles 100
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SYSTEM ORDOVICIAN S CAMBRIAN U M L
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LAKE MICHIGAN Burdell Leroy Reed Ci
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FIELD NAME Sec. T. R. County Format
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The Standard Oil Company drilled an
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13,372-13,388 ft increased gas prod
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CONCLUSIONS The Pasco basin has man
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Lingley, W.S. Jr. And Walsh, T.J.,
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A Scale: C DAN ELLENSBURG YAKIMA 6
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PERIOD/ EPOCH PLEISTOCENE PLIOCENE
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DEPTH, IN THOUSANDS OF FEET SOUTH N
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1 POTENTIAL FOR A BASIN-CENTERED GA
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workers such as Jiao and Surdam (19
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DISCUSSION It has long been suspect
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7 Johnson, R. C., Crovelli, R. A.,
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9 Tschudy, R. H., Pillmore, C. I.,
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TERTIARY MESOZOIC AGE PALEOCENE UPP
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West East 40 Feet 1,000 Feet Coal S
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DOES THE FORBES FORMATION IN THE SA
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The Forbes Fm contains thick marine
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CAUSE OF OVERPRESSURE Previous auth
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Forbes gas is mostly methane, with
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CONCLUSIONS Well data, drill stem t
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Horan, E.P., 1992, Pressure-Tempera
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Williams, T.A., Graham, S.A., and C
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40° 00' 39° 30' 39° 00' A 122°
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SYSTEM SERIES QUATER. TERTIARY CRET
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Depth, in thousands of feet SEA LEV
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Depth, in thousands of feet 0 - 5 -
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7N 6N 5N 4N 3N 2N 1N 1S C KIRBY KIR
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Table 2. Mud weights (lb/cubic ft),
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Table 3. Mud weights (lb/cubic ft),
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within the upper 500 feet of the Tr
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As shown in figure 2, the Travis Pe
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Across the Travis Peak hydrocarbon-
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High-Sinuosity Fluvial System High-
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Porosity Porosity and permeability
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BURIAL AND THERMAL HISTORY Vitrinit
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HYDROCARBON-WATER CONTACTS Based on
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in Figures 13 and 14. Multiple valu
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Travis Peak sandstones where it was
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depleting and giving way to water p
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22 Peak in northeast Texas, limited
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2 Herald, F.A., ed., 1951, Occurren
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4 Shreveport Geological Society, 19
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Field County State Discovery Trap D
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Hill Falls OK DETAIL AREA TX Ellis
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Amite St Helena Hinds Copiah Lincol
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34° N 32° N 30° N ANCESTRAL RED
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Depth, in Feet 0 1000 2000 3000 400
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Depth (feet) 5000 6000 7000 8000 90
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TEXAS LOUISIANA Miller Cass Lafayet
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Cass Marion Harrison TEXAS LOUISIAN
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TEXAS LOUISIANA Miller Cass Lafayet
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The following talk was presented at
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Basin or Area Evaluation of Area fo
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Basin or Area Evaluation of Area fo
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