the vulgar latin (proto-romance） conjugation system - Page ON

states (From Latin to Portuguese) that all -er verbs in Ptg. had the past
participle in -udo, apart from those with strong past participles; the -udo
ending lasted into the 15th c., and some fossilized forms, teudo, conteudo,
manteudo, still remain. In Sp. it was not so long lasting, the Cid already
having -ido forms beside -udo, but -udo is still found through the 13th and
14th c.; after that its use waned, and it had completely disappeared by the
16th c. (Bourciez, 365). (The -uto formation seems not to have penetrated
into Mozarabic, which has ronpito, miššita.)
Of the strong past participles, rema(n)su remained everywhere: Rum.
rămas, It. rimaso (later rimasto by analogy with posto), OEngad. armes, Fr.
remes, Prov. remas (and remasut), Cat. romas, Sp., Ptg. not recorded but to
be presumed from the perfects remase, remas. Fr. somons, Prov.
somos/somost are formed on the analogy of the similar forms from
respondre, which in turn followed repondre. A similar semosi is found in
Old Genoese.
Sedere generally has the past participle in -utu, including Prov., Cat.
(as)segut, OSp. seudo and a rare form su and dial. assëu in OFr. (Fouché,
190), but the usual participle in OFr. is sis, which may, like the perfect, be
derived from a compound form *assisu (as risu, occisu), which gives It.
assiso, Fr., Prov. assis. Videre, besides the -utu participle, found in Rum.,
It., Rh.-Rom., Fr., Prov., Ptg., had a form *visĭtu (originally formed on
visere, perhaps), giving It., Sp., Ptg. visto, Prov., Cat. vist, Sard. vistu, and
the Fr. adverb vite from OFr. viste (*visĭta). Old visu survives in OIt. and It.
dialects, OFriul., OFr., Prov. and Engad. (Lausberg, 917), generally in a
passive construction meaning ‘it seems’. It is also found universally as a
noun, sometimes with the sense of ‘face’, cf. Fr. vis-à-vis. Compare also the
fossilised forms It. avviso, Sp., Ptg. aviso, Fr., Prov., Cat. avis.
Conjugation III.
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