1962;29;121-128 Pediatrics T. Berry Brazelton A CHILD-ORIENTED ...

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NUMBER OF CHILDREN 650- 600- 550- 500- 450- 400- 350- 300- 250- 200- I 50- $00- 50- AGE MONTHS ARTICLES was effected 1 to 2 months later than in their younger siblings. Night training was delayed 1 to 7 months longer in first chil dren than in subsequent siblings. Figure 1 summarizes the ages at which training was started. The preponderance of patients who started around 24 months reflects these par ents' willingness to accept this advice, and, with second children, their own choice about such timing. Figure 2 summarizes the ages at which parents reported the 640 @k i'@ te 2$ 2'4 27 30 33 3C Fic. 1. Ages at which toilet training was instituted. NUMBER OF CHILDREN 450 425- 400- 375. 350 325. 300 275. 250 225. 200 75 150- $25. 100. 75. 50. 25 47 48 rn rTlll BOWEL Liii TRAINING a URINE TRAINING 125 D URINE AND BOWEL TRAIN INS SIMULTANEOUS 66 -.----t------ I - L 245 AGE-MQNTH$ $5 8 21 24 5 125 child's initial success, which was main tained. One hundred forty-four (12.3%) achieved bowel training first, 96 (8.2%) were trained for urination first, and 930 (79.5%) were reported as training themselves simul taneously for bowel and bladder control. Of the 930, some 839 (90.3%) were between 24 and 30 months of age. The average age of the total group who accomplished initial success was 27.7 months. Initial success reflects an understanding 438 324 fin 60 60 252 I I I I I 27 30 33 36 Fic. 2. Areaof firstachievementin training. Downloaded from www.pediatrics.org by Cynthia Ferrell on April 15, 2011
126 TOILET TRAINING NUMBER OF CHILDREN 400 375 35o-@ 3251 3 OO-j 275@ 25O-@ 225 200. ITS 1S0- 125. 100 75 50 25 t50 r@1 I I I I I I I I I I AGEâ€”MONTHS It IS IS SI 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 45 of the use of the toilet rather than a mastery of the process. Figure 3 sum marizes the ages of completion of daytime training. Nine hundred forty-four (80.7%) accomplished this between the ages of 2 and 2%years. The average was 28.5 months. No significant difference was noted be tween males and females. Day training means an absence of accidents under the usual stresses. When a breakover occurs under stress, it is of temporary duration only (less than 1 month). Night training implies 1) that subsequent failure was reduced to less than once a week and 2) that enuresis returned under NUMBER OFCHILDREN 375. 350- 525- 300 275- 250 225 200- 310 Fic. 3. Ages at completion of daytime training. 384 IS II unusual stress only, e.g., a new baby, mov ing, absence of a parent, etc., and resolved itself again in a short time (less than 2 months). Figure 4 summarizes the ages of night training. Sixteen (1.4%) children are included who had residual problems of enuresis, encopresis and constipation be yond the age of 5 years. In the total group 940 (80.3%)were completely trained by the age of 3 years. The average age of all train ing was 33.3 months. Females were com pletely trained 2.46 months before males. There were 150 children in this group whose training was not completed until 3%years. Forty-eight, or approximately one 175 1S0 32 ISO @ 125. [â€”I 100- .75- 50. 25- ME-MONTHS .r1LL@ 10 fin I I I I I I I 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 4S SI 54 57 Ii,, 60 IS @5yrs. 360 Fic. 4. Agesat completionof night training. Downloaded from www.pediatrics.org by Cynthia Ferrell on April 15, 2011 I'S 6
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1962;29;121-128 Pediatrics T. Berry Brazelton A CHILD-ORIENTED ...

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