GREGG SHORTHAND DICTIONARY

More documents

Recommendations

Info

vi GREGG SHORTHAND DICTIONARY 1. After abbreviated words, a disjoined t is placed close to the preceding character to express the past tense. This includes: a. Brief forms, as in changed. b. Words written in accordance with the abbreviating principle, as in established. c. Words written with a suffix, as in insulted. d. Words in which the last letter of the primitive form is omitted: as in demanded. 2. A disjoined t is used to express the past tense after words written in full when the joining of the t or d would not give a distinctive or facile outline, as in fancied, glared, neared. 3. The past tense is expressed by joined t or d: a. After words written in full, as in printed, checked, except in the few cases coming under the preceding paragraph. b. Ih derivatives ending in ct, as in contracted. c. In verbs ending in I, the special method described in paragraph 136 in the Manual is used, as in killed. d. After suffixes that give a facile and legible joining, as in mentioned. stipulated. e. After many brief forms containing the last character of the word. as in asked. charged. worked. PLURALS. The formation of plurals is clearly explained in paragraphs 55, 74, and 83 in the Manual. NEGATIVE FORMS. The·vowel is omitted in the prefixes en. in. un. em. im. um when the prefix is followed by a consonant, as in unseen. impossible, unmask, uninvited. unimportant. When a vowel follows a prefix, the initial vowel is written, as in uneasy, unless the vowel that follows belongs to another prefix or to a brief form, in which case it is not necessary to insert the vowel in the negative prefix, as in inexpensive. unorganized. Negative words beginning with un or im in which the n or m is doubled are distinguished from the positive forms by omitting one of the doubled consonants and inserting the initial vowel, as in unknown. immodest. COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS. The comparative form of an adjective is usually written by simply joining an r to the primitive form, as in
GREGG SHORTHAND DICTIONARY vii Quicker. slower. If. however, the adjective is written in full and ends ina straight line, the reversing principle is used for the comparative form, as in larger, later; when a brief form ends with the last consonant of a word, the reversed circle is used to make the comparative form after straight lines, as in sooner. stranger; after brief forms. abbreviated words, and words ending in a reversed circle. a disjoined r is used. as in worker, purer, nearer, unless the joined form is distinctive, in which case it may be used, as in smaller, greater. The termination est is expressed byes in words ending in a consonant when the word is written ;in full, as in cheapest, broadest. This rule also applies to brief forms or contractions when the final consonant of the shorthand form is also the final consonant of the word, as in soonest, strangest. The termination est is usually expressed by a disjoined st after brief forms, abbreviated words, or words ending in a vowel, as in stillest, busiest. but the st may be joined when a distinctive form is obtained, as in fuliest, truest. FORMATION OF ADVERBS. Adverbs formed by the addition of ly to the adjective are written in shorthand by adding the small circle, signifying ly, to the primitive form of the adjective. The only exceptions to this rule are friendly, immediately, thoroughly, respectfully. THE ENDING TION So many words end with the suffix tion, in its various spellings, that in forming derivatives a shorthand outline is considered to end with the final letter of a word if the word ends with the suffix tion. By so doing, that great class of words may be written in accordance with such rules as those in paragraphs 76 and 59 (2) of the Anniversary Manual. Words ending in tionist are written with the joined es, as in abolitionist, evolutionist, elocutionist. So, also, we are able to use the reversed circle for such forms as auctioneer, stationer, executioner, and the joined d for forms like mentioned, commissioned, old fashioned. Other examples showing the manner in which the outlines ending in tion, sion, cien may be regarded as written in full are such classes of words as professional, national. provisional, sensational, rational; efficient, deficient, proficient; efficiency, deficiency, proficiency.
Page 1 and 2: GREGG SHORTHAND DICTIONARY By JOHN
Page 3 and 4: PREFACE f The preparation of the An
Page 5: GREGG SHORTHAND DICTIONARY v First,
Page 9 and 10: GREGG SHORTHAND DICTIONARY MODIFICA

GREGG SHORTHAND DICTIONARY

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?