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Elementary Matrices

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Equivalence Result<br />

Theorem<br />

If A is an n × n matrix, then the following statements are<br />

equivalent:<br />

1 A is invertible.<br />

2 Ax = 0 has only the trivial solution.<br />

3 The reduced row echelon form of A is In.<br />

4 A is expressible as the product of elementary matrices.<br />

Proof.<br />

1 =⇒ 2 =⇒ 3 =⇒ 4 =⇒ 1<br />

J. Robert Buchanan <strong>Elementary</strong> <strong>Matrices</strong>

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