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d<br />
Shear & Extensional Viscosities<br />
A - Area<br />
V<br />
Shear Viscosity[Pa s]<br />
= Shear Stress<br />
Shear Rate<br />
F - Force<br />
For Simple (Newtonian) Fluids,<br />
Extensional Viscosity (EV) = 3 x Shear Viscosity(SV)<br />
For Complex Fluids, EV can be as high as 10000 x SV<br />
V<br />
0<br />
V<br />
A - Area<br />
F - Force<br />
Extensional Viscosity<br />
= Extensional Stress<br />
Extension Rate<br />
36
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