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Examples of Logos, Ethos, Pathos, and Kairos in the ... - KsuWeb

Examples of Logos, Ethos, Pathos, and Kairos in the ... - KsuWeb

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Fur<strong>the</strong>r Critique <strong>and</strong> Discussion<br />

Notice that Adams establishes his credibility very effectively, <strong>and</strong> this can be<br />

demonstrated by <strong>the</strong> length <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> examples above. Notice that this type <strong>of</strong> argument<br />

would normally be made by some lazy student look<strong>in</strong>g to scam <strong>the</strong> system, so Adams<br />

knows that his request <strong>and</strong> his motivation for mak<strong>in</strong>g it will be met <strong>in</strong>itially with<br />

skepticism by <strong>the</strong> committee. Adams knows that he must focus on every possible<br />

question about his character <strong>and</strong> <strong>in</strong>tentions, so he develops several examples to justify<br />

his unique circumstances.<br />

Yes, Adams also writes logically <strong>and</strong> passionately (without be<strong>in</strong>g snooty or rude), but<br />

<strong>the</strong> logic <strong>and</strong> passion would not carry <strong>the</strong> argument on <strong>the</strong> committee without <strong>the</strong>ir<br />

sympathy. He achieves pathos by develop<strong>in</strong>g a strong sense <strong>of</strong> ethos.<br />

So, what we see here is an example <strong>of</strong> a very strong, valid argument, <strong>and</strong> its validity<br />

stems from <strong>the</strong> strength <strong>in</strong> all four areas <strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>fluence (logos, ethos, pathos, <strong>and</strong> kairos).<br />

Therefore, one lesson learned from this is that a good college op<strong>in</strong>ion paper needs to be<br />

strong <strong>in</strong> all four <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se areas.<br />

Had Adams been weak <strong>in</strong> any one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se, he would have created holes <strong>in</strong> his claim<br />

that could easily make his argument’s effectiveness fall apart. However, many<br />

arguments still reta<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir strength even with weak moments, but <strong>the</strong>se are all<br />

determ<strong>in</strong>ed by <strong>the</strong> context: <strong>the</strong> audience, <strong>the</strong> situation, <strong>the</strong> immediacy <strong>of</strong> action, etc.<br />

Here’s a question: “Is Adams’ argument flawed <strong>in</strong> any way?”<br />

The answer is yes.<br />

This essay is not perfect. Some punctuation <strong>and</strong> mechanical errors exist, many <strong>of</strong> his<br />

examples redundantly repeat <strong>the</strong> same claims, <strong>and</strong> he uses <strong>the</strong> university’s lower<br />

adm<strong>in</strong>istration (<strong>the</strong> department chair) aga<strong>in</strong>st <strong>the</strong> upper adm<strong>in</strong>istration, which <strong>of</strong>ten<br />

can be considered unethical.<br />

The biggest flaw <strong>in</strong> his argument is an illogical claim that he will gladly substitute two<br />

o<strong>the</strong>r classes to replace <strong>the</strong> two required math courses. The logical question <strong>the</strong>n must<br />

be asked: “So, how does <strong>the</strong> class switch get this guy graduat<strong>in</strong>g any sooner?” He still<br />

has to take <strong>the</strong>se two classes, so his graduation date has not been changed by this<br />

maneuver.<br />

However, <strong>the</strong> overall strength <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> argument is evident, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>refore can survive a<br />

bump <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> road or two. Because his argument is so comprehensive, his strengths far<br />

outpace his weaknesses.

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