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1884 S. J. AHN, J. M. CHOI, D. H. LEE, S. H. NOH, S. L. MIN AND Y. K. CHO traffic between the host and the storage. These performance issues were evaluated through a performance model and several experiments with synthetic workloads and real applications. The experimental results showed that FSOC performed better than the conventional storage device when the computation time is larger than the I/O time and/or when there are many file operations that require access to metadata. As future work we plan to extend the proposed model to include the case where multiple applications are executed independently. In this case we need to consider the behavior of multiple processes that do not cooperate with each other. This point was not considered in the model presented in this paper. We are also planning to examine the effect of FSOC for a variety of file systems and the impact upon performance from different file system designs and implementations. REFERENCES 1. CompactFlash Association, “Information about CompactFlash,” http://www.compactflash.org/. 2. MultiMediaCard Association, http://www.mmca.org. 3. E. Zadok and J. Nieh, “Fist: a language for stackable file systems,” in Proceedings of the Annual USENIX Technical Conference, 2000, pp. 55-70. 4. G. R. Ganger, “Blurring the line between OSes and storage devices,” Technical Report, No. CMU-CS-01166, Carnegie Mellon University, 2001. 5. C. R. Lumb, J. Schindler, and G. R. Ganger, “Freeblock scheduling outside of disk firmware,” in Proceedings of the 1st USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies, 2002, pp. 275-288. 6. J. Schindler, J. L. Griffin, C. R. Lumb, and G. R. Ganger, “Track-aligned extents: matching access patterns to disk drive characteristics,” in Proceedings of the 1st USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies, 2002, pp. 259-274. 7. R. Wang, T. E. Anderson, and D. A. Patterson, “Virtual log-based file systems for a programmable disk,” in Proceedings of the 3rd Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation, 1999, pp. 29-43. 8. A. Acharya, M. Uysal, and J. Saltz, “Active disks: programming model, algorithms and evaluation,” in Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, 1998, pp. 81-91. 9. A. P. Chandrakasan, S. Sheng, and R. W. Brodersen, “Low-power CMOS digital design,” IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits, Vol. 27, 1992, pp. 473-484. 10. E. Riedel, G. Gibson, and C. Faloutsos, “Active storage for large-scale data mining and multimedia,” in Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, 1998, pp. 62-73. 11. K. Keeton, D. A. Patterson, and J. M. Hellerstein, “A case for intelligent disks (IDISKs),” in Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, 1998, pp. 42-52. 12. E. Riedel, “Active disks − Remote execution for network-attached storage,” Ph.D. Dissertation, No. CMU-CS-99-177, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 1999. 13. E. Riedel, C. Faloutsos, G. A. Gibson, and D. Nagle, “Active disks for large-scale
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